FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Van der Geest, AG
Hurst, KE
Bronstein, ND
Lehman, JH
Lusk, MT
AF Van der Geest, A. G.
Hurst, K. E.
Bronstein, N. D.
Lehman, J. H.
Lusk, M. T.
TI Theoretical and experimental evidence of the role of electromagnetic
resonance in the cleaning of nanotubes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; LASER IRRADIATION; SINGLE; TEMPERATURE;
SPECTROSCOPY; PURIFICATION; ENHANCEMENT
AB Amorphous carbon is removed from as-prepared, bulk, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by illumination with a 248 nm (5 eV) excimer laser. The steps by which this occurs are explained using a combination of experiments and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. We present measurements with a quartz-crystal microbalance and scanning electron microscope images as evidence of mass loss and morphological changes in proximity of the SWCNT material. DFT calculations are used to estimate the frequency-dependent, macroscopic dielectric constant. This is used to identify Mie resonances in the tubes which are generated by the 248 nm excimer laser. These resonances are responsible for local field enhancements that, in turn, increase the rate at which sp(2) bonds in the amorphous carbon are excited. The carbon is more easily oxidized from these excited states.
C1 [Van der Geest, A. G.; Lusk, M. T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Van der Geest, A. G.; Hurst, K. E.; Bronstein, N. D.; Lehman, J. H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Van der Geest, AG (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
FU Golden Energy Computing Organization at the Colorado School of Mines;
National Science Foundation; National Renewable Energy Laboratory
FX The authors thank Isaak Mayorgoyz of the University of Maryland EE
department for his discussion concerning plasmons. Also, thanks goes to
Wu, Wood, Collins, and Furtak of the Colorado School of Mines Physics
and Chemical Engineering Departments for their input on plasmons and
photochemistry. This research was supported in part by the Golden Energy
Computing Organization at the Colorado School of Mines using resources
acquired with financial assistance from the National Science Foundation
and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 11
AR 115440
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.115440
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 577UF
UT WOS:000276248800153
ER
PT J
AU Wen, JS
Xu, GY
Xu, ZJ
Lin, ZW
Li, Q
Chen, Y
Chi, SX
Gu, GD
Tranquada, JM
AF Wen, Jinsheng
Xu, Guangyong
Xu, Zhijun
Lin, Zhi Wei
Li, Qiang
Chen, Ying
Chi, Songxue
Gu, Genda
Tranquada, J. M.
TI Effect of magnetic field on the spin resonance in FeTe0.5Se0.5 as seen
via inelastic neutron scattering
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; 43 K; IRON; COMPOUND; ORDER
AB Inelastic neutron scattering and susceptibility measurements have been performed on the optimally doped Fe-based superconductor FeTe0.5Se0.5, which has a critical temperature, T-c of 14 K. The magnetic scattering at the stripe antiferromagnetic wave vector Q=(0.5,0.5) exhibits a "resonance" at similar to 6 meV, where the scattering intensity increases abruptly when cooled below T-c. In a 7-T magnetic field parallel to the a-b plane, T-c is slightly reduced to similar to 12 K, based on susceptibility measurements. The resonance in the neutron-scattering measurements is also affected by the field. The resonance intensity under field cooling starts to rise at a lower temperature similar to 12 K, and the low-temperature intensity is also reduced from the zero-field value. Our results provide clear evidence for the intimate relationship between superconductivity and the resonance measured in magnetic excitations of Fe-based superconductors.
C1 [Wen, Jinsheng; Xu, Guangyong; Lin, Zhi Wei; Li, Qiang; Gu, Genda; Tranquada, J. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Wen, Jinsheng] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Xu, Zhijun] CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Chen, Ying; Chi, Songxue] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wen, JS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Wen, Jinsheng/F-4209-2010; Xu,
Guangyong/A-8707-2010; xu, zhijun/A-3264-2013; Chi, Songxue/A-6713-2013
OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Wen, Jinsheng/0000-0001-5864-1466;
Xu, Guangyong/0000-0003-1441-8275; xu, zhijun/0000-0001-7486-2015; Chi,
Songxue/0000-0002-3851-9153
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U. S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 45
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 10
AR 100513
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.100513
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 577UE
UT WOS:000276248700032
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, RL
Chupp, TE
Dewey, MS
Gentile, TR
Mumm, HP
Nico, JS
Thompson, AK
Fisher, BM
Kremsky, I
Wietfeldt, FE
Beise, EJ
Kiriluk, KG
Byrne, J
Coakley, KJ
Fu, C
AF Cooper, R. L.
Chupp, T. E.
Dewey, M. S.
Gentile, T. R.
Mumm, H. P.
Nico, J. S.
Thompson, A. K.
Fisher, B. M.
Kremsky, I.
Wietfeldt, F. E.
Beise, E. J.
Kiriluk, K. G.
Byrne, J.
Coakley, K. J.
Fu, C.
TI Radiative beta decay of the free neutron
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-REVERSAL INVARIANCE; SCINTILLATION DETECTION; AVALANCHE
PHOTODIODES; MASS SINGULARITIES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; MODE; COEFFICIENT;
PARTICLE; PHYSICS
AB The theory of quantum electrodynamics predicts that the beta decay of the neutron into a proton, electron, and antineutrino is accompanied by a continuous spectrum of emitted photons described as inner bremsstrahlung. While this phenomenon has been observed in nuclear beta decay and electron-capture decay for many years, it has only been recently observed in free-neutron decay. We present a detailed discussion of an experiment in which the radiative decay mode of the free neutron was observed. In this experiment, the branching ratio for this rare decay was determined by recording photons that were correlated with both the electron and proton emitted in neutron decay. We determined the branching ratio for photons with energy between 15 and 340 keV to be (3.09 +/- 0.32) x 10(-3) (68% level of confidence), where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects. This value for the branching ratio is consistent with theoretical predictions. The characteristic energy spectrum of the radiated photons, which differs from the uncorrelated background spectrum, is also consistent with the theoretical spectrum.
C1 [Cooper, R. L.; Chupp, T. E.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Dewey, M. S.; Gentile, T. R.; Mumm, H. P.; Nico, J. S.; Thompson, A. K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fisher, B. M.; Kremsky, I.; Wietfeldt, F. E.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Beise, E. J.; Kiriluk, K. G.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Byrne, J.] Univ Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England.
[Coakley, K. J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fu, C.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
RP Cooper, RL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RI Fu, Changbo/O-1550-2015
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of
Commerce; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy
FX We thank Susan Gardner of the University of Kentucky and Herbert Breuer
of the University of Maryland for useful discussions and their interest
in this work. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, US Department of Commerce, in providing the
neutron facilities used in this work. This research was made possible in
part by support from the National Science Foundation and a US Department
of Energy interagency agreement.
NR 46
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 3
AR 035503
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.81.035503
PG 15
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 584RE
UT WOS:000276769400079
ER
PT J
AU Marx, E
AF Marx, Egon
TI Proton-proton collision and the Pauli principle in the strong, weak, and
electromagnetic interactions of elementary particles (SWEEP) model
SO PHYSICS ESSAYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Elementary Particles; Large Hadron Collider; Pauli Principle;
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics; SWEEP Model
ID QUANTUM-MECHANICS
AB Proton-proton collisions, such as those expected in the large hadron collider of the European Organization for Nuclear Research, are examined in the context of the model of strong, weak, and electromagnetic interactions of elementary particles. In this model, basic particles are the neutrino, the pion, and the archyon or beauty baryon, while quarks, vector bosons, and the Higgs boson do not play a role, although they are not necessarily excluded. The proton is composed of an archyon and three pions, whence the products of the collisions will be mainly pions and stable or metastable baryons, particles that then decay in the usual manner. The interaction of two baryons requires the application of the Pauli principle, which is implemented by introducing a change in the Lagrangian density defined in previous papers. (C) 2010 Physics Essays Publication. [DOI: 10.4006/1.3301357]
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Marx, E (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM egon.marx@nist.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PHYSICS ESSAYS PUBLICATION
PI OTTAWA
PA PO BOX 8141 STATION T, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1G 3H6, CANADA
SN 0836-1398
J9 PHYS ESSAYS
JI Phys. Essays
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 122
EP 126
DI 10.4006/1.3301357
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 823SB
UT WOS:000295144000015
ER
PT J
AU Tobias, VD
Nyman, JA
DeLaune, RD
Foret, JD
AF Tobias, V. D.
Nyman, J. A.
DeLaune, R. D.
Foret, J. D.
TI Improving marsh restoration: leaf tissue chemistry identifies factors
limiting production in Spartina patens
SO PLANT ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetlands; Spartina patens; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Salinity; Sodium
ID ALTERNIFLORA LOISEL; VERTICAL ACCRETION; SOIL PROPERTIES; STANDING CROP;
SALINITY; GRASS; ACCUMULATION; INDICATORS; PHOSPHORUS; COMMUNITY
AB Marsh loss is a problem in many areas around the world. In order to combat the problem, scientists and managers need tools to determine its cause and evaluate the effectiveness of management techniques. Current methods for estimating productivity and identifying factors that limit productivity are too time-consuming or expensive for wide-spread, regular use, however. In coastal Louisiana, where Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl is the most common plant, restoration seeks to slow wetland loss rates that averaged approximately 77.4 km(2)/year between 1978 and 2000. We used the chemical composition of leaf tissue from S. patens grown under controlled conditions to create a simple and inexpensive tool to identify salinity stress and nutrient limitation. By growing S. patens at varying nitrogen availability and salinity levels, we found that C:N ratios and Na concentrations can be used to classify factors that limit production in S. patens.
C1 [Tobias, V. D.; Nyman, J. A.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[DeLaune, R. D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Sch Coast & Environm, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Foret, J. D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Estuarine Habitats & Coastal Fisheries Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
RP Tobias, VD (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM vtobia1@lsu.edu
RI Nyman, John/D-3903-2009; DeLaune, R.D./A-2058-2012;
OI Tobias, Vanessa/0000-0003-4872-1643
FU Coastal Restoration and Enhancement [07-10]
FX Funding for this study was provided by and by the Coastal Restoration
and Enhancement through Science and Technology Program (contract no.
CREST 07-10). We thank D. Price for providing tissue samples used for
tissue analysis and portions of the data used in this study. We also
thank J. Merino for providing data.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-0237
J9 PLANT ECOL
JI Plant Ecol.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 207
IS 1
BP 141
EP 148
DI 10.1007/s11258-009-9660-x
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA 551LT
UT WOS:000274211800012
ER
PT J
AU von Prochazka, AA
Remijan, AJ
Balser, DS
Ryans, RSI
Marshall, AH
Schwab, FR
Hollis, JM
Jewell, PR
Lovas, FJ
AF von Prochazka, Azrael A.
Remijan, Anthony J.
Balser, Dana S.
Ryans, Robert S. I.
Marshall, Adele H.
Schwab, Fredric R.
Hollis, Jan M.
Jewell, Philip R.
Lovas, Frank J.
TI Detection of Voigt Spectral Line Profiles of Hydrogen Radio
Recombination Lines toward Sagittarius B2(N)
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID WAY INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; H-II REGIONS; ELECTRON TEMPERATURES; CONTINUUM;
GRADIENT; HE-3
AB We report the detection of Voigt spectral line profiles of radio recombination lines (RRLs) toward Sagittarius B2(N) with the 100 m Green Bank Telescope (GBT). At radio wavelengths, astronomical spectra are highly populated with RRLs, which serve as ideal probes of the physical conditions in molecular cloud complexes. An analysis of the Hn alpha lines presented herein shows that RRLs of higher principal quantum number (n > 90) are generally divergent from their expected Gaussian profiles and, moreover, are well described by their respective Voigt profiles. This is in agreement with the theory that spectral lines experience pressure broadening as a result of electron collisions at lower radio frequencies. Given the inherent technical difficulties regarding the detection and profiling of true RRL wing spans and shapes, it is crucial that the observing instrumentation produce flat baselines as well as high-sensitivity, high-resolution data. The GBT has demonstrated its capabilities regarding all of these aspects, and we believe that future observations of RRL emission via the GBT will be crucial toward advancing our knowledge of the larger-scale extended structures of ionized gas in the interstellar medium (ISM).
C1 [von Prochazka, Azrael A.; Ryans, Robert S. I.] Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[von Prochazka, Azrael A.; Remijan, Anthony J.; Balser, Dana S.; Schwab, Fredric R.; Jewell, Philip R.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Remijan, Anthony J.; Jewell, Philip R.; Lovas, Frank J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Ctr Chem Universe, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Marshall, Adele H.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Stat Sci & Operat Res, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Hollis, Jan M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Computat & Informat Sci & Technol Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lovas, Frank J.] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP von Prochazka, AA (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
FU NSF Centers for Chemical Innovation [CHE-0847919]
FX We would like to thank M. J. Remijan for continuing programming support
and development and an anonymous referee for valuable comments. This
work supported in part by the NSF Centers for Chemical Innovation
through award CHE-0847919.
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 122
IS 889
BP 354
EP 362
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 563KF
UT WOS:000275129700009
ER
PT J
AU McDonald, JC
Gilliam, DM
AF McDonald, Joseph C.
Gilliam, David M.
TI Dr Robert B. Schwartz (1929-2009) OBITUARY
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Gilliam, David M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 3
BP 290
EP 290
DI 10.1093/rpd/ncp297
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 565EE
UT WOS:000275271200013
ER
PT J
AU Brewer, TM
Szakal, C
Gillen, G
AF Brewer, Tim M.
Szakal, Christopher
Gillen, Greg
TI Method for improved secondary ion yields in cluster secondary ion mass
spectrometry
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT; SIMS; PROJECTILES; SURFACE; TISSUE
AB A method to increase useful yields of organic molecules is investigated by cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Glycerol drops were deposited onto various inkjet-printed arrays and the organic molecules in the film were rapidly incorporated into the drop. The resulting glycerol/analyte drops were then probed with fullerene primary ions under dynamic SIMS conditions. High primary ion beam currents were shown to aid in the mixing of the glycerol drop, thus replenishing the probed area and sustaining high secondary ion yields. Integrated secondary ion signals for tetrabutylammonium iodide and cocaine in the glycerol drops were enhanced by more than a factor of 100 compared with an analogous area on the surface, and a factor of 1000 over the lifetime of the glycerol drop. Once the analyte of interest is incorporated into the glycerol microdrop, the solution chemistry can be tailored for enhanced secondary ion yields, with examples shown for cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) chloride adduct formation. In addition, depositing localized glycerol drops may enhance analyte secondary ion count rates to high enough levels to allow for site-specific chemical maps of molecules in complex matrices such as biological tissues. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Brewer, Tim M.; Szakal, Christopher; Gillen, Greg] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Brewer, TM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM timothy.brewer@nist.gov
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 5
BP 593
EP 598
DI 10.1002/rcm.4423
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 573MT
UT WOS:000275918700017
PM 20155758
ER
PT J
AU Soderberg, KAB
Monroe, C
AF Soderberg, K-A Brickman
Monroe, C.
TI Phonon-mediated entanglement for trapped ion quantum computing
SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID MULTIPARTICLE ENTANGLEMENT; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; ATOMIC IONS; PAUL TRAP;
STATE; COMPUTATION; QUBITS; IMPLEMENTATION; GATE; TELEPORTATION
AB Trapped ions are a near ideal system to study quantum information processing due to the high degree of control over the ion's external confinement and internal degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the key steps necessary for trapped ion quantum computing and focus on phonon-mediated entangling gates. We highlight several key algorithms implemented over the last decade with these gates and give a detailed description of Grover's quantum database search implemented with two trapped ion qubits.
C1 [Soderberg, K-A Brickman] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Monroe, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Monroe, C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Soderberg, KAB (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Phys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM brickman@uchicago.edu
RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011
NR 91
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0034-4885
EI 1361-6633
J9 REP PROG PHYS
JI Rep. Prog. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 3
AR 036401
DI 10.1088/0034-4885/73/3/036401
PG 24
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 559SO
UT WOS:000274848200002
ER
PT J
AU Bowers, WJ
Olson, DA
AF Bowers, Walter J.
Olson, Douglas A.
TI A capacitive probe for measuring the clearance between the piston and
the cylinder of a gas piston gauge
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE pistons; pressure gauges; probes
ID DEAD-WEIGHT TESTER
AB We used a capacitive technique to determine the radial clearance between the piston and cylinder of a gas piston gauge. This method determines the effective area of a piston gauge pressure standard, independent of calibration against another piston gauge or manometer, as long as the diameter of the piston is dimensionally measured. It also allows an independent determination of piston gauge distortion due to pressure. We have used this technique to measure the clearance and the distortion of six gas piston gauges of the Ruska 2465 type operating in gauge mode. Measurements were made on two gauges each in the low, middle, and high ranges. We describe the capacitance technique and the results of the measurements on the six piston gauges.
C1 [Bowers, Walter J.; Olson, Douglas A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bowers, WJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8364, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 3
AR 035102
DI 10.1063/1.3310092
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 577GJ
UT WOS:000276210200056
PM 20370208
ER
PT J
AU Hudson, SD
AF Hudson, Steven D.
TI Poiseuille flow and drop circulation in microchannels
SO RHEOLOGICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Microfluidics; Multiphase flow; Droplets; Interfacial retardation;
Marangoni flow
ID FLUID PARTICLE INTERFACES; DEFORMABLE DROP; MASS-TRANSFER; SURFACTANT;
MOTION; MICROFLUIDICS; EMULSIONS; FIELDS; BUBBLE; DEVICE
AB Microfluidics aims to control precisely the transport of fluids and suspended particles or drops. Two characteristics of such transport in rectangular microchannels are addressed here, as a function of the cross-sectional aspect ratio. First, we highlight a convenient expression for the ratio of the centerline to bulk flow velocities, which is relevant for controlling the flow of suspended or flow-focused objects. Then, using the theory of Nadim and Stone, the droplet circulation fountain-flow pattern in such channels is evaluated explicitly, and implications for interfacial mobility measurements are discussed. For example, when the interface is retarded, part of the fountain reverses direction, thus alleviating stagnation, promoting mixing, and reducing interfacial concentration gradients.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Complex Fluids Grp, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hudson, SD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Complex Fluids Grp, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM steven.hudson@nist.gov
NR 37
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0035-4511
J9 RHEOL ACTA
JI Rheol. Acta
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 3
BP 237
EP 243
DI 10.1007/s00397-009-0394-4
PG 7
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 560LT
UT WOS:000274904900002
ER
PT J
AU Fair, PA
Adams, J
Mitchum, G
Hulsey, TC
Reif, JS
Houde, M
Muir, D
Wirth, E
Wetzel, D
Zolman, E
McFee, W
Bossart, GD
AF Fair, Patricia A.
Adams, Jeff
Mitchum, Gregory
Hulsey, Thomas C.
Reif, John S.
Houde, Magali
Muir, Derek
Wirth, Ed
Wetzel, Dana
Zolman, Eric
McFee, Wayne
Bossart, Gregory D.
TI Contaminant blubber burdens in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops
truncatus) from two southeastern US estuarine areas: Concentrations and
patterns of PCBs, pesticides, PBDEs, PFCs, and PAHs
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Persistent organic contaminants; Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs);
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs);
Pesticides; Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); Bottlenose dolphin
(Tursiops truncatus); Atlantic Ocean
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS;
CALIFORNIA SEA-LIONS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; PORPOISES PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA;
BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; WHALES ORCINUS-ORCA; PERSISTENT ORGANIC
POLLUTANTS; HISTORICAL EMISSION INVENTORY; WHITE-SIDED DOLPHINS
AB Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated pesticides (i.e., dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, chlordanes (CHLs), dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs), and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in blubber biopsy samples collected from 139 wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) during 2003-2005 in Charleston (CHS), SC and the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), FL Dolphins accumulated a similar suite of contaminants with Sigma PCB dominating (CHS 64%, IRL 72%), followed by Sigma DDT (CHS 20%, IRL 17%), Sigma CHLs (CHS 7%; IRL 7%), Sigma PBDE (CHS 4%, IRL 2%), PAH at 2%, and dieldrin. PFCs and mirex each 1% or less. Together Sigma PCB and Sigma DDT concentrations contributed similar to 87% of the total POCs measured in blubber of adult males. Sigma PCBs in adult male dolphins exceed the established PCB threshold of 17 mg/kg by a 5-fold order of magnitude with a 15-fold increase for many animals; 88% of the dolphins exceed this threshold. For male dolphins, CHS (93,980 ng/g lipid) had a higher Sigma PCBs geomean compared to the IRL (79,752 ng/g lipid) although not statistically different. In adult males, the PBDE geometric mean concentration was significantly higher in CHS (5920 ng/g lipid) than the IRL (1487 ng/g). Blubber Sigma PFCs concentrations were significantly higher in CHS dolphins. In addition to differences in concentration of PCB congeners, Sigma PBDE, TEQ Sigma CHLs, mirex, dieldrin, and the ratios Sigma DDE/Sigma DDT and trans-nonachlor/cis-nonachlor were the most informative for discriminating contaminant loads in these two dolphin populations. Collectively, the current Sigma PCB, Sigma DDT, and Sigma PBDEs blubber concentrations found in CHS dolphins are among the highest reported values in marine mammals. Both dolphin populations, particularly those in CHS, carry a suite of organic chemicals at or above the level where adverse effects have been reported in wildlife, humans, and laboratory animals warranting further examination of the potential adverse effects of these exposures. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Fair, Patricia A.; Adams, Jeff; Mitchum, Gregory; Wirth, Ed; Zolman, Eric; McFee, Wayne] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Hulsey, Thomas C.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA.
[Reif, John S.; Bossart, Gregory D.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Houde, Magali; Muir, Derek] Environm Canada, Aquat Ecosyst Protect Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
[Wetzel, Dana] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
RP Fair, PA (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM pat.fair@noaa.gov
OI Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776
FU National Marine Fisheries [998-1678]; NOAA/NCCOS/CCEHBR; NOAA Fisheries
Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program; Florida Protect
Wild Dolphins License Plate Fund
FX We would like to thank the numerous researchers who participated in the
dolphin capture and release studies in South Carolina and Florida. We
are especially grateful to Dr. Forrest Townsend, wMr. Larry Fulford, Mr.
Larry Hansen, Mr. Steve McCulloch, the NOAA and HBOI staff, the
collaborators and veterinarians who provided their expertise, and the
many volunteers whose help made the health assessment studies possible.
We thank Ms. Myla Ebling and Dr. Len Balthis for statistical assistance
and Ms. Rachel Sayre for assistance on data tables. This study was
conducted under National Marine Fisheries Permit No. 998-1678, issued to
Gregory Bossart, V.M.D., Ph.D., and supported through NOAA/NCCOS/CCEHBR,
NOAA Fisheries Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program and
the Florida Protect Wild Dolphins License Plate Fund.
NR 157
TC 56
Z9 58
U1 4
U2 59
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD MAR 1
PY 2010
VL 408
IS 7
BP 1577
EP 1597
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.021
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 574EF
UT WOS:000275970800014
PM 20096443
ER
PT J
AU Palazon-Fernandez, JL
Potts, JC
Manooch, CS
Sarasquete, C
AF Luis Palazon-Fernandez, Jose
Potts, Jennifer C.
Manooch, Charles S., III
Sarasquete, Carmen
TI Age, growth and mortality of the toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus
(Schneider, 1801) (Pisces: Batrachoididae), in the Bay of Cadiz
(southwestern Spain)
SO SCIENTIA MARINA
LA English
DT Article
DE age; growth; mortality; otolith; toadfish; Holobatrachus didactylus; Bay
of Cadiz
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; LUSITANIAN TOADFISH; BACK-CALCULATION; OYSTER
TOADFISH; PARAMETERS; SIZE; VALIDATION; PATTERNS; SPINES; WATERS
AB Age, growth and mortality of the toadfish. Halobatrachus didactylus. were determined by examination of the whole sagittal otoliths of fish sampled in the Bay of Cadiz (southwestern Spain) from March 1999 to March 2000. A total of 844 specimens (425 males, 416 females. and 3 of indeterminate sex). ranging from 95 to 470 mm in total length were examined. Eighty-nine percent of the otoliths could be read allowing an age estimation. The opaque zone was formed between April and May coincident with the maximum reproductive peak, while the translucent zone formed mainly in summer-fall (June to December). Maximum ages or males and females were 12 and 10 years, respectively. The samples were dominated by 2- to 6-year-old specimens. Males matured at an age of approximately 2 years and females at 3 years. Fish total length and otolith radius were closely related (r(2)>0.80). The von Bertalanffy growth curve was used to describe growth. The parameters were derived from back-calculated length-at-age. Significant differences in the growth parameters were found between Sexes (in males L(proportional to) = 477.06 mm, K = 0.15 and t(0) = -0.59; in females L(proportional to) = 363.69 mm, K = 0.20 and t(0) = -0.75). Although the growth analysis revealed that this species is slow-growing, males reached larger sizes than females. Females appeared to experience higher natural mortality rates than males.
C1 [Luis Palazon-Fernandez, Jose] Univ Oriente Boca del Rio, Inst Invest Cient, Isla De Margarita, Venezuela.
[Potts, Jennifer C.; Manooch, Charles S., III] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Sarasquete, Carmen] CSIC, Inst Ciencias Marinas Andalucia, Cadiz 11510, Spain.
RP Palazon-Fernandez, JL (reprint author), Univ Oriente Boca del Rio, Inst Invest Cient, Isla De Margarita, Venezuela.
EM jluis.palazon@icman.csic.es
RI Sarasquete, Carmen/L-6332-2014
OI Sarasquete, Carmen/0000-0002-3031-9819
FU Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucia - Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain; Consejo de Investigacion.
Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela
FX The authors express their sincere gratitude to the referees and the
editorial staff for the invaluable comments and advice. This study
received financial support from the Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de
Andalucia - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Spain and
the Consejo de Investigacion. Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela,
NR 56
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 9
PU INST CIENCIAS MAR BARCELONA
PI BARCELONA
PA PG MARITIM DE LA BARCELONETA, 37-49, 08003 BARCELONA, SPAIN
SN 0214-8358
J9 SCI MAR
JI Sci. Mar.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 1
BP 121
EP 130
DI 10.3989/scimar.2010.74n1121
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 578IY
UT WOS:000276288200010
ER
PT J
AU Moegling, C
Dasler, J
Creech, JC
Canter, P
AF Moegling, Crescent
Dasler, Jon
Creech, Jason C.
Canter, Peter
TI Using GPS-Derived Water Levels For Hydrographic Surveys
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Moegling, Crescent] NOAA, Off Coast Survey, Pacific Hydrog Branch, Seattle, WA USA.
[Creech, Jason C.] David Evans & Associates Inc, Marine Serv Div, Portland, OR USA.
[Canter, Peter] Applanix Corp, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada.
RP Moegling, C (reprint author), NOAA, Off Coast Survey, Pacific Hydrog Branch, Seattle, WA USA.
FU The Hydrographic Society of America
FX This article is an abridged form of a paper presented at U.S. Hydro
2009, sponsored by The Hydrographic Society of America. To access the
original paper, e-mail astott@applanix.com.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 51
IS 3
BP 15
EP +
PG 3
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 574RA
UT WOS:000276009000003
ER
PT J
AU Evans, JS
Strickland, DJ
Woo, WK
McMullin, DR
Plunkett, SP
Viereck, RA
Hill, SM
Woods, TN
Eparvier, FG
AF Evans, J. S.
Strickland, D. J.
Woo, W. K.
McMullin, D. R.
Plunkett, S. P.
Viereck, R. A.
Hill, S. M.
Woods, T. N.
Eparvier, F. G.
TI Early Observations by the GOES-13 Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Sensor
(EUVS)
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOMETER SYSTEM XPS; II SOLSTICE-II; IRRADIANCE VARIABILITY;
UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; CALIBRATIONS; MODEL; THERMOSPHERE; TRANSMISSION;
CELIAS/SEM; DYNAMICS
AB NOAA's GOES-13 satellite, launched in May 2006, includes a new solar sensor, called EUVS (Extreme UltraViolet Sensor), that measures energy fluxes in five broad-band spectral channels that span the region from 1 to 130 nm. Here, we report on measurements made during the mission's six-month post-launch test (PLT) period which provided nearly continuous observations from August through November 2006 and the recording of an X9 flare that occurred on 5 December 2006. In this paper, we present a calibration model for the GOES EUVS that incorporates the effects of pointing offsets, cross-disk radiance variability (radiance refers to partial-disk emission), and changes to assumed spectral shapes. Appendices are included that report on the sensitivity to these effects. The main body of the paper gives a description of the model and data recorded during the PLT period. Comparisons are made with time-coincident measurements from TIMED/SEE (Version 10.02), SOHO/SEM, and SORCE/ SOLSTICE for the time period August-November. Comparisons are made with SORCE/XPS for the 5 December flare. In general, there is agreement among the data sets within expected measurement uncertainties. There will be a series of EUVSs extending into the next generation of GOES (starting with GOES-13). The initial performance of GOES-13 EUVS, including 5-channel measurements approximately every 11 s on a nearly continuous basis, suggests that the EUVS series will play a key role over the next many years in monitoring solar EUV variability.
C1 [Evans, J. S.; Strickland, D. J.; Woo, W. K.] Computat Phys Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA.
[McMullin, D. R.] Space Syst Res Corp, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
[Plunkett, S. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Viereck, R. A.; Hill, S. M.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Woods, T. N.; Eparvier, F. G.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Evans, JS (reprint author), Computat Phys Inc, 8001 Braddock Rd,Suite 210, Springfield, VA 22151 USA.
EM evans@cpi.com
NR 34
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
EI 1573-093X
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 262
IS 1
BP 71
EP 115
DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9491-x
PG 45
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 557RT
UT WOS:000274688500006
ER
PT J
AU Zink, BL
Avery, AD
Sultan, R
Bassett, D
Pufall, MR
AF Zink, B. L.
Avery, A. D.
Sultan, Rubina
Bassett, D.
Pufall, M. R.
TI Exploring thermoelectric effects and Wiedemann-Franz violation in
magnetic nanostructures via micromachined thermal platforms
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetic films and multilayers; Nanostructures; Heat conduction;
Thermodynamic properties
ID FE/CR MULTILAYERS; CO/CU; POWER; MAGNETORESISTANCE; CONDUCTIVITY; ALLOYS
AB We describe the development and use of micromachined thermal isolation structures to explore thermoelectric effects in magnetic thin films and nanostructures. These unique measurement techniques allow fundamental studies that will help enable a wide range of spin-caloritronic devices that take advantage of the coupling between heat and magnetic degrees of freedom for useful effects. The thermal platform is capable of measuring thermal conductivity, k. thermopower (Seebeck coefficient), alpha, and electrical conductivity, sigma, all on the same thin film sample. This also allows direct comparison of the measured thermal conductivity of a magnetic thin film to the prediction of the Wiedemann-Franz law based on measured electrical conductivity. In addition to describing the fabrication of the platforms and the basic principles of their operation, we present example data on nickel and nickel-iron alloy thin films, and briefly consider the range of samples that can be measured with both current techniques and future thermal platforms optimized for nanoscale samples. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zink, B. L.; Avery, A. D.; Sultan, Rubina; Bassett, D.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Pufall, M. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Magnet Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Zink, BL (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
EM barry.zink@du.edu
OI Zink, Barry/0000-0001-7732-532X
FU Nanoelectronics Research Institute; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0847796]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Nanoelectronics
Research Institute and the National Science Foundation (DMR-0847796). We
also thank J. Stoke for assistance designing and constructing the UHV
system, J. Beall and G. Hilton for numerous conversations on and
contributions to device fabrication, and C. Leighton for valuable
discussions of UHV growth techniques.
NR 19
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 150
IS 11-12
SI SI
BP 514
EP 518
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2009.11.003
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 580GK
UT WOS:000276435600014
ER
PT J
AU Irwin, KD
Niemack, MD
Beyer, J
Cho, HM
Doriese, WB
Hilton, GC
Reintsema, CD
Schmidt, DR
Ullom, JN
Vale, LR
AF Irwin, K. D.
Niemack, M. D.
Beyer, J.
Cho, H. M.
Doriese, W. B.
Hilton, G. C.
Reintsema, C. D.
Schmidt, D. R.
Ullom, J. N.
Vale, L. R.
TI Code-division multiplexing of superconducting transition-edge sensor
arrays
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS'09)
CY SEP 13-17, 2009
CL Dresden, GERMANY
AB Multiplexed superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) amplifiers have recently enabled the deployment of kilopixel arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors on a variety of receivers for astrophysics. Existing multiplexing techniques for TES arrays, however, have constraints due to aliasing of SQUID noise, the size of the required filtering elements, or the complexity of the room-temperature electronics that make it difficult to scale to much larger arrays. We have developed a Walsh code-division SQUID multiplexer that has the potential to enable the multiplexing of larger arrays or pixels with faster thermal response times. The multiplexer uses superconducting switches to modulate the polarity of coupling between N individual TES detectors and a single output SQUID channel. The polarities of the detector signals are switched in the pattern of an N x N Walsh matrix, so a frame composed of N orthogonal samples can be used to reconstruct the detector signals without degradation. We present an analysis of the circuit architecture and preliminary results.
C1 [Irwin, K. D.; Niemack, M. D.; Cho, H. M.; Doriese, W. B.; Hilton, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.; Schmidt, D. R.; Ullom, J. N.; Vale, L. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Beyer, J.] PTB, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
RP Irwin, KD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, MS817-03,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 13
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
AR 034004
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/23/3/034004
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 559DH
UT WOS:000274800500005
ER
PT J
AU Maranto, CJ
Good, TP
Wiese, FK
Parrish, JK
AF Maranto, Christina J.
Good, Thomas P.
Wiese, Francis K.
Parrish, Julia K.
TI Impact of the Potholes Reservoir Caspian Tern Breeding Colony on
Out-Migrating Juvenile Salmonids in the Mid-Columbia River
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID PASSIVE INTEGRATED TRANSPONDERS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; ASSIMILATION
EFFICIENCY; PERSONAL WATERCRAFT; PISCIVOROUS BIRDS; UNITED-STATES;
NORTH-AMERICA; SOOTY-TERNS; PREDATION; MANAGEMENT
AB We examined the foraging behavior and diet of Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia breeding at Potholes Reservoir, Washington, in 2003, 2005, and 2006, and we developed a bioenergetics model to estimate impacts on juvenile salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. from Columbia River stocks. Potholes Reservoir Caspian terns mostly foraged on local fish (68-97% of tern bill loads) rather than traveling to the Columbia River. Our model suggested that only 8,913-94,139 juvenile salmonids were consumed, representing 0.02-0.38% of the salmonids available to Caspian terns. Local foraging is probably explained by higher net profitability of Potholes Reservoir fish prey. Columbia River steelhead O. mykiss were the only juvenile salmonids that were energetically comparable with local Potholes Reservoir fish, mostly due to their high energy density and relatively large size. Passive integrated transponder tag analyses showed that Potholes Reservoir Caspian terns preferred steelhead (predation rates = 0.42-1.06%) to all other salmonid stocks (coho salmon O. kisutch = 0.09-0.36%; subyearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha = 0.009-0.040%; yearling Chinook salmon = 0.05-0.17%). Given the proposed reduction in nesting habitat at East Sand Island (ESI; where the current Caspian tern population consumes 3.6-5.3 million juvenile salmonids annually), we estimated the impact on salmonid stocks that would occur if ESI Caspian terns relocated to Potholes Reservoir. Depending on diet scenario, 100% relocation could result in juvenile salmonid consumption between 2.2 and 6.6 million fish, with lower values being much more likely, making Potholes Reservoir the colony location of least likely impact among all sites within the Columbia River drainage. We suggest that selection of sites for ESI relocation should be based on scientific evidence combining a quantitative approach, such as bioenergetics modeling linked to prey population growth rate.
C1 [Maranto, Christina J.; Parrish, Julia K.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Good, Thomas P.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Wiese, Francis K.; Parrish, Julia K.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Maranto, CJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM cmaranto@u.washington.edu
FU Chelan County Public Utility District; NOAA Fisheries-Northwest
Fisheries Science Center Internal Grant Program; Columbia River Bird
Research
FX Funding for the project was provided by a contract from Chelan County
Public Utility District to J.K.P. and by the NOAA Fisheries-Northwest
Fisheries Science Center Internal Grant Program to T. P. G. Dan Roby and
Columbia River Bird Research also provided funds for field assistance in
2005. We thank Deb Harstad, Colin French, Christina Hall, and Heather
Zeil for valuable assistance in the field. We also thank Brad Ryan and
NOAA Fisheries for allowing us to use PIT tag data collected on Solstice
and Goose islands. We thank three anonymous reviewers whose comments
helped to improve the manuscript. Reference to trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 74
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 2
BP 362
EP 381
DI 10.1577/T09-095.1
PG 20
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 589DG
UT WOS:000277125100004
ER
PT J
AU Gao, YW
Dettman, DL
Piner, KR
Wallace, FR
AF Gao, Yongwen
Dettman, David L.
Piner, Kevin R.
Wallace, Farron R.
TI Isotopic Correlation (delta O-18 versus delta C-13) of Otoliths in
Identification of Groundfish Stocks
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HALIBUT HIPPOGLOSSUS-STENOLEPIS; SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA;
STABLE-ISOTOPE; FISH OTOLITHS; PACIFIC HALIBUT; FRESH-WATER; BIOLOGICAL
CARBONATES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GADUS-MACROCEPHALUS;
ANOPLOPOMA-FIMBRIA
AB The management of many marine fish stocks suffers from a lack of genetic data or insignificant genetic differentiations, particularly for the commercially important groundfish along the U. S. Pacific coast. In this study, we investigated a large number of otoliths of various groundfish species from the coasts of Washington and Oregon and analyzed them for stable oxygen (O-18/O-16, or delta O-18) and carbon isotope ratios (C-13/C-12, or delta C-13). The isotopic results and correlation of delta O-18 versus delta C-13 of Pacific hake Merluccius productus, sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria, Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis, and Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus indicated that most of the groundfish we examined had two or more spawning stocks or subpopulations; the only tested species that might belong to a single coastwide stock was yelloweye rockfish Sebastes ruberrimus. Compared with genetic methods of stock identification, the isotopic signatures of otoliths have distinct advantages in determining (1) a time series to separate the different life stages of marine fish and (2) the oceanographic and environmental conditions to which fish are exposed. Thus, stable isotopic signatures in otoliths appear to be an alternative for marine fish stocks when there is little genetic differentiation between populations or no genetic data are available.
C1 [Gao, Yongwen] Makah Fisheries Management, Neah Bay, WA 98357 USA.
[Dettman, David L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Piner, Kevin R.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Wallace, Farron R.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98563 USA.
RP Gao, YW (reprint author), Makah Fisheries Management, POB 115, Neah Bay, WA 98357 USA.
EM gaoy@olypen.com
FU Makah Fisheries Management (MFM); Washington Department of Fish and
Wildlife (WDFW); National Marine Fisheries Service Northwest Fisheries
Science Center
FX This project was supported by multi-level governments and fisheries
management agencies such as Makah Fisheries Management (MFM), Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), and National Marine Fisheries
Service Northwest Fisheries Science Center. We are grateful to many
dedicated staff and colleagues for their interests and help, particular
Russell Svec (MFM), Greg Bargmann and Jack Tagart (WDFW) for initiation
of the project, Kirsten Rowell of the University of Arizona for
assisting with micromilling and part of the otolith sample processing,
and Patrick McDonald of Oregon Cooperative Aging Program for providing
otolith samples. The manuscript was greatly improved by comments and
suggestions from many people, including David Gillikin and two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 46
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 18
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 2
BP 491
EP 501
DI 10.1577/T09-057.1
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 589DG
UT WOS:000277125100013
ER
PT J
AU Schueller, AM
Hayes, DB
AF Schueller, Amy M.
Hayes, Daniel B.
TI Sensitivity of Lake Sturgeon Population Dynamics and Genetics to
Demographic Parameters
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS; INBREEDING DEPRESSION;
VIABILITY ANALYSIS; LIFE-HISTORIES; ENVIRONMENTAL STOCHASTICITY;
CONSERVATION GENETICS; BIOENERGETICS MODELS; EXTINCTION RISK; MANAGEMENT
AB Uncertainty in population parameters can make managing fisheries difficult, especially for long-lived species such as lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens. Models can be used to explore population parameter uncertainty and how uncertainty affects demographic and genetic population outputs through the use of sensitivity analyses. The objective of this study was to determine which lake sturgeon population parameters have the greatest influence on demographic characteristics, including rates of extinction and percentage of populations increasing from their initial size, and population genetic characteristics, including percentage of unique alleles retained and average inbreeding coefficient. An individual-based modeling approach that represented demographic and genetic processes was used to achieve this objective. Individual lake sturgeon were tracked throughout the modeling process with unique identifiers, allowing for the determination of the degree of inbreeding and the number of unique alleles retained. Sensitivity analyses were performed by changing one parameter at a time across a range of plausible values while holding all of the other parameters at their nominal values. All responses were hypersensitive to young-of-the-year mortality, post-young-of-the-year mortality, age at first maturation for females, and probability of mating for females. The post-young-of-the-year mortality rate was the most sensitive of all of the population parameters. The outputs were relatively insensitive to changes in the age at first maturation for males and the probability of mating for males. Sensitivity was dependent upon the initial population size, with population parameters having differing sensitivities with respect to other parameters for smaller and larger population sizes. The demographic and genetic outputs were related to one another via similar relationships for each of the population sizes. These analyses should be used to target rehabilitation efforts on altering population parameters with the largest influence on population persistence and genetic integrity.
C1 [Schueller, Amy M.; Hayes, Daniel B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Schueller, AM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM amy.schueller@noaa.gov
FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust
FX We thank all of the sturgeon biologists and experts who evaluated and
commented on the initial parameter values for the model. The sturgeon
biologists and experts who had an opportunity to comment include Nancy
Auer (Michigan Technological University), Edward Baker (Michigan
Department of Natural Resources), James Baker (Michigan Department of
Natural Resources), David Borgeson (Michigan Department of Natural
Resources), Ronald Bruch (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources),
Robert Elliot (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service), Liz Hay-Chmielewski
(Michigan Department of Natural Resources), Steven Scott (Michigan
Department of Natural Resources), Kim Scribner (Michigan State
University), Kregg Smith (Michigan Department of Natural Resources),
Michael Thomas (Michigan Department of Natural Resources), Gary Whelan
(Michigan Department of Natural Resources), and Martha Wolgamood
(Michigan Department of Natural Resources). We also thank Jonathan
Hansen, Dana Infante, Michael Jones, Tracy Kolb, Sherry Martin, Cheryl
Murphy, Kim Scribner, Ralph Tingley, Daniel Wieferich, and Dayong Wu for
comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Funding was provided by
the Great Lakes Fishery Trust. The SAS model is available upon request
from A. Schueller.
NR 80
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 24
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 2
BP 521
EP 534
DI 10.1577/T09-035.1
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 589DG
UT WOS:000277125100015
ER
PT J
AU Volk, EC
Bottom, DL
Jones, KK
Simenstad, CA
AF Volk, Eric C.
Bottom, Daniel L.
Jones, Kim K.
Simenstad, Charles A.
TI Reconstructing Juvenile Chinook Salmon Life History in the Salmon River
Estuary, Oregon, Using Otolith Microchemistry and Microstructure
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FRASER-RIVER; STRONTIUM;
RESIDENCY; TACTICS
AB We quantified the juvenile rearing and migratory patterns of individuals from a population of fall-spawning Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in Oregon's Salmon River estuary using otolith microchemistry and microstructure. The study confirmed the daily periodicity of otolith growth increments in a natural fish population under field conditions and validated fundamental assumptions about increased otolith strontium : calcium values during entry into saline waters. The otolith results indicated that more than 75% of the subyearling Chinook salmon captured near the mouth of the Salmon River had entered the estuary during the summer and that two-thirds of these fish had spent more than a month in the estuary before capture. Unlike in other Oregon coastal estuaries, in which the fingerling-migrant portion of their life histories is dominant, approximately two-thirds of Salmon River Chinook salmon in upper-estuary marshes were early fry (<50-mm) migrants. A much smaller proportion at the river mouth suggests that many fry migrants did not survive to the lower estuary or passed undetected during ocean emigration. Nonetheless, the otolith results reveal a substantially greater contribution of estuarine-rearing fry to the out-migrant population at the Salmon River than has been reported in other Oregon coastal basins. A small component of fall-migrating fish with long freshwater residence times also occurred at the river mouth. Most of these individuals had migrated quickly through the estuary. Rather than revealing a series of discrete "types'' defined by the predominant rearing patterns in the population, the individual otolith results depict a continuum of freshwater and estuarine life histories that is consistent with reports of considerable phenotypic plasticity in Chinook salmon. Otolith analysis offers the potential to quantify the relative contributions of different juvenile rearing patterns to adult returns.
C1 [Volk, Eric C.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Commercial Fisheries Div, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
[Bottom, Daniel L.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Jones, Kim K.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Simenstad, Charles A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Volk, EC (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Commercial Fisheries Div, 333 Raspberry Rd, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
EM eric.volk@alaska.gov
FU Salmon River Study; U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research
Station; Washington Sea Grant; Ducks Unlimited
FX We thank the Oregon Sea Grant program for the long-standing financial
support of the Salmon River Study and the helpful administrative and
technical assistance provided throughout this partnership by Director
Robert Malouf. We also appreciate the added financial support provided
by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station,
Washington Sea Grant, and Ducks Unlimited. Trevan Cornwell organized all
field surveys and collected the estuarine fish specimens used for our
analyses. We are also grateful to many other individuals who assisted
with the biological collections including Jen Bock, Jen Burke, Debbee
Davies, Ayesha Gray, Dave Hering, Daniel Jones, Paul Jacobsen, Peggy
Kavanagh, Ben Soeby, Carmen Van Dyke, and Joe Zuccarello. Special thanks
to Steve Johnson, Lisa McLaughlin, and Victor Vrell for assisting with
every aspect of our salmon trapping and marking program. Thanks also to
Dana Anderson and Lang Nguyen (Washington Department of Fish and
Wildlife Otolith Laboratory) for their skillful preparation of otoliths.
Andy Ungerer and Adam Kent and Chris Russo (Oregon State University
[OSU], COAS, Keck Laboratory) provided invaluable assistance and advice
in the operation of the LA-ICPMS. Kelly Faulkner and Chi Meredith (OSU,
COAS) provided assistance and advice with the collection of water
samples and Chi Meredith performed all water chemistry analyses.
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 2
BP 535
EP 549
DI 10.1577/T08-163.1
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 589DG
UT WOS:000277125100016
ER
PT J
AU Larsen, DA
Beckman, BR
Cooper, KA
AF Larsen, Donald A.
Beckman, Brian R.
Cooper, Kathleen A.
TI Examining the Conflict between Smolting and Precocious Male Maturation
in Spring (Stream-Type) Chinook Salmon
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; SEASONAL ENDOCRINE CHANGES; EARLY SEXUAL-MATURATION;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; COHO SALMON; BALTIC SALMON; YAKIMA RIVER;
K+-ATPASE; SEAWATER ADAPTATION; THYROID-HORMONES
AB Precocious male maturation is a natural life history strategy for spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. During spawning, precocious males employ a "sneaker'' strategy to fertilize eggs in competition with full-size anadromous adults. Hatchery rearing practices may increase the incidence of this phenotype beyond its natural levels. Previous research reported high rates (>40%) of precocious male maturation at age 2 (minijacks) in the Yakima River spring Chinook salmon supplementation program in Washington State. Minijack rates in wild populations are believed to be less than 5%. We compiled seasonal profiles for size, condition factor (K), gill Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, whole-body lipid levels, plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and thyroxine (T4) in minijacks and immature smolts in the hatchery and during out-migration. In the hatchery, minijacks were larger and had higher K, whole-body lipid, plasma 11-KT, and IGF-I levels than smolts. Plasma T4 and gill Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity increased in minijacks in spring, but the levels were slightly lower than those of smolts. Most minijacks are thought to remain resident in headwater streams throughout the summer in preparation for autumn spawning. A subset of these minijacks migrate hundreds of kilometers toward the ocean in the spring, only to reverse course later in the summer in an effort to return to their natal spawning grounds. These migrating minijacks had elevated plasma 11-KT, IGF-I, and T4 levels and gill Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. It is generally thought that smoltification and reproductive maturation are mutually exclusive life history events in salmonid fishes. This investigation examined the physiology of a unique phenotype in which smoltification and downstream migration appear to occur in fish that have already initiated the maturation process. These results suggest that hatchery programs with high minijack rates may produce significant numbers of fish that are maladapted for either smoltification or competing on the spawning grounds, and it is likely that they die in the freshwater environment before contributing to subsequent generations.
C1 [Larsen, Donald A.; Beckman, Brian R.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Cooper, Kathleen A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Larsen, DA (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM don.larsen@noaa.gov
FU Bonneville Power Administration [200203100]
FX This research was conducted in cooperation with Dave Fast; Bill Bosch;
Mark Johnston and his staff at Roza Dam; Leroy Senator and his staff at
Prosser Dam (Yakama Nation, Yakima and Toppenish, Washington); Bruce
Watson (Mobrand Biometrics, Inc., Vashon, Washington); Todd Pearsons
(Grant County Public Utility District, Beverly, Washington); Steve
Schroder and Craig Busack (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife,
Olympia, Washington); and Curt Knudsen (Oncorh Consulting, Olympia,
Washington). We thank Dan Barrett, Charles Strom, and the staff at the
Cle Elum Supplementation and Research Facility (Cle Elum, Washington)
for access to fish and facilities. Assistance in sampling and laboratory
analysis was provided by Jon Dickey, Sherry Rehr, and Nick Hodges
(School of Aquatic and Fisheries Science, University of Washington,
Seattle, Washington); and Andrew Dittman, Brad Gadberry, and Paul
Parkins (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]
Fisheries, Seattle, Washington). We also thank Dave Marvin, Rick
Martinson, and Greg Kovolchak (Pacific States Marine Fisheries
Commission) for assistance in obtaining fish at John Day Dam. Penny
Swanson (NOAA Fisheries) kindly provided 11-KT antibody and a thoughtful
review of this manuscript. Deborah Harstad (School of Aquatic and
Fisheries Science, University of Washington, Seattle) provided
assistance with statistical analysis. Financial support was provided by
the Bonneville Power Administration under contract 200203100
administered by Deborah Docherty. Reference to trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 69
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 36
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 2
BP 564
EP 578
DI 10.1577/T08-209.1
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 589DG
UT WOS:000277125100018
ER
PT J
AU Vecchi, GA
Wittenberg, AT
AF Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
TI El Nino and our future climate: where do we stand?
SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL PACIFIC CLIMATE; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM;
SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; COUPLED MODELS;
NORTH-AMERICA
AB El Nino and La Nina comprise the dominant mode of tropical climate variability: the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. ENSO variations influence climate, ecosystems, and societies around the globe. It is, therefore, of great interest to understand the character of past and future ENSO variations. In this brief review, we explore our current understanding of these issues. The amplitude and character of ENSO have been observed to exhibit substantial variations on timescales of decades to centuries; many of these changes over the past millennium resemble those that arise from internally generated climate variations in an unforced climate model. ENSO activity and characteristics have been found to depend on the state of the tropical Pacific climate system, which is expected to change in the 21st century in response to changes in radiative forcing (including increased greenhouse gases) and internal climate variability. However, the extent and character of the response of ENSO to increased in greenhouse gases are still a topic of considerable research, and given the results published to date, we cannot yet rule out possibilities of an increase, decrease, or no change in ENSO activity arising from increases in CO2. Yet we are fairly confident that ENSO variations will continue to occur and influence global climate in the coming decades and centuries. Changes in continental climate, however, could alter the remote impacts of El Nino and La Nina. (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Clim Change 2010 1 260-270
C1 [Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Wittenberg, Andrew T.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
RP Vecchi, GA (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM Gabriel.A.Vecchi@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Bindoff,
Nathaniel/C-8050-2011
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Wittenberg,
Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Bindoff, Nathaniel/0000-0001-5662-9519
NR 77
TC 84
Z9 85
U1 3
U2 53
PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA
SN 1757-7780
J9 WIRES CLIM CHANGE
JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Clim. Chang.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 2
BP 260
EP 270
DI 10.1002/wcc.33
PG 11
WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 778UZ
UT WOS:000291734800011
ER
PT J
AU Yoo, SJ
Golmie, N
AF Yoo, Sang-Jo
Golmie, Nada
TI Policy-based scanning with QoS support for seamless handovers in
wireless networks
SO WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & MOBILE COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE scanning; policy-based; seamless handover; quality of service;
scheduling
AB Supporting seamless handovers between different wireless networks is a challenging issue. One of the most important aspects of a seamless handover is finding a target network and point of attachment (PoA). This is achieved by Performing a so-called channel scanning. In most handovers. such as between universal mobile telecommunications system (UNITS), wireless local area network (WLAN), and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), channel scanning causes severe service disruptions with the current PoA and degrades the quality of service (QoS) during the handover. In this paper, a new architecture for QoS supported scanning that can be generalized to different wireless networks is proposed. It employs two techniques. The first is for determining a policy-based order for the channel scanning sequence. With this technique, depending on the network costs and user requirements, the policy engine determines the channel scanning order for different network types and sets up a scanning sequence of PoAs for a given network type. This policy-based scanning order provides a faster discovery of the target PoA that meets the QoS demands of the user. The second technique consists of a QoS supported dynamic scanning algorithm where the scanning frequency and duration are determined based on the user QoS requirements. Most importantly, the scanning duration is scheduled to guarantee the user QoS requirements while the scan progresses. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism achieves relatively short service disruptions and provides the desired quality to users during the scanning period. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Yoo, Sang-Jo] Inha Univ, Inchon, South Korea.
[Golmie, Nada] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yoo, SJ (reprint author), Inha Univ, 253 Yonghyun Dong, Inchon, South Korea.
EM sjyoo@inha.ac.kr
FU NIST/Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES); MKE, Korea
[IITA-2008-C1090-0801-0019]
FX This research was supported by the NIST/Office of Law Enforcement
Standards (OLES). This research was supported by the MKE, Korea, under
the ITRC support program supervised by IITA (IITA-2008-C1090-0801-0019).
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1530-8669
EI 1530-8677
J9 WIREL COMMUN MOB COM
JI Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput.
PD MAR
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 3
BP 405
EP 425
DI 10.1002/wcm.774
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 566CL
UT WOS:000275347600008
ER
PT J
AU Stukalin, EB
Douglas, JF
Freed, KF
AF Stukalin, Evgeny B.
Douglas, Jack F.
Freed, Karl F.
TI Plasticization and antiplasticization of polymer melts diluted by low
molar mass species
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DEPENDENCE; SEGMENTAL
CHAIN DYNAMICS; SOLID-LIQUID TRANSITION; LATTICE CLUSTER THEORY;
TIME-SCALE SHIFTS; GAS SORPTION; VISCOSITY BEHAVIOR; ENERGY LANDSCAPE;
FORMING LIQUIDS
AB An analysis of glass formation for polymer melts that are diluted by structured molecular additives is derived by using the generalized entropy theory, which involves a combination of the Adam-Gibbs model and the direct computation of the configurational entropy based on a lattice model of polymer melts that includes monomer structural effects. Our computations indicate that the plasticization and antiplasticization of polymer melts depend on the molecular properties of the additive. Antiplasticization is accompanied by a "toughening" of the glass mixture relative to the pure polymer, and this effect is found to occur when the diluents are small species with strongly attractive interactions with the polymer matrix. Plasticization leads to a decreased glass transition temperature T(g) and a "softening" of the fragile host polymer in the glass state. Plasticization is prompted by small additives with weakly attractive interactions with the polymer matrix. However, the latter situation can lead to phase separation if the attractive interactions are sufficiently strong. The shifts in T(g) of polystyrene diluted by fully flexible short oligomers (up to 20% mass of diluent) are evaluated from the computations, along with the relative changes in the isothermal compressibility at T(g) (a softening or toughening effect) to characterize the extent to which the additives act as antiplasticizers or plasticizers. The theory predicts that a decreased fragility can accompany both antiplasticization and plasticization of the glass by molecular additives. The general reduction in the T(g) of polymers by molecular additives is rationalized by analyzing the influence of the diluent's properties (cohesive energy, chain length, and stiffness) on glass formation in fluid mixtures and the variation of fragility is discussed in relation to changes in the molecular packing in diluted polymer melts. Our description of constant temperature glass formation upon increasing the diluent concentration directly leads to the Angell equation (tau(alpha)similar to A exp{B/(phi(0,p)-phi(p))}) for the structural relaxation time as function of the polymer concentration, where the extrapolated "zero mobility concentration" phi(0,p) calculated from the theory scales linearly with the inverse polymerization index N. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3304738]
C1 [Stukalin, Evgeny B.; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Stukalin, Evgeny B.; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Polymers Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stukalin, EB (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM stukalin@email.unc.edu
RI Stukalin, Evgeny/C-3313-2008
FU NSF [CHE-0749788]; PRF [46666-AC7]; Joint Theory Institute; University
of Chicago; Argonne National Laboratory
FX This research was supported in part by NSF under Grant No. CHE-0749788,
by PRF under Grant No. 46666-AC7, and by the Joint Theory Institute,
which is funded by the University of Chicago and Argonne National
Laboratory. We are grateful to Jacek Dudowicz for several helpful
discussions.
NR 76
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 3
U2 39
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD FEB 28
PY 2010
VL 132
IS 8
AR 084504
DI 10.1063/1.3304738
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 562DJ
UT WOS:000275029200024
PM 20192304
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, GH
Butry, DT
AF Donovan, Geoffrey H.
Butry, David T.
TI Trees in the city: Valuing street trees in Portland, Oregon
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Street trees; Urban forestry; Hedonic valuation; Portland; Oregon
ID ON-THE-MARKET; URBAN FOREST; PROPERTY-VALUES; AMENITY VALUE; PRICES;
TIME; IMPACT; SALES; GREEN
AB We use a hedonic price model to simultaneously estimate the effects of street trees on the sales price and the time-on-market (TOM) of houses in Portland, Oregon. On average, street trees add $8870 to sales price and reduce TOM by 1.7 days. In addition. we found that the benefits of street trees spill over to neighboring houses. Because the provision and maintenance of street trees in Portland is the responsibility of adjacent property owners, our results suggest that if the provision of street trees is left solely to homeowners, then there will be too few street trees from a societal perspective. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97208 USA.
[Butry, David T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, POB 3890, Portland, OR 97208 USA.
EM gdonovan@fs.fed.us.gov
NR 33
TC 71
Z9 79
U1 7
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD FEB 28
PY 2010
VL 94
IS 2
BP 77
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.07.019
PG 7
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban
Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban
Studies
GA 556QE
UT WOS:000274605400002
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, MS
DeMott, PJ
Kreidenweis, SM
Petters, MD
Carrico, CM
AF Richardson, Mathews S.
DeMott, Paul J.
Kreidenweis, Sonia M.
Petters, Markus D.
Carrico, Christian M.
TI Observations of ice nucleation by ambient aerosol in the homogeneous
freezing regime
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH; WATER-UPTAKE; NUCLEI; PARTICLES
AB We measured the freezing activation curves for ambient particles as a function of relative humidity with respect to water over the temperature range of -40 degrees to -50 degrees C using a continuous flow diffusion chamber, and compared the observations with those for ammonium sulfate particles and predictions from a parametric representation of homogeneous freezing of solution particles as a function of water activity and temperature. Since it has been proposed that the rate of homogeneous freezing depends on solution water activity, we made separate measurements of the hygroscopicity (kappa) of the ambient aerosol. Observed kappa ranged from 0.1 to 0.2, lower than that of ammonium sulfate (0.6) and representative of a continental aerosol. As predicted for this difference in kappa, there was no significant difference between the homogeneous freezing conditions of size-selected ammonium sulfate and the apparent homogeneous freezing conditions of same sized ambient aerosol. Further, the parameterization predicted freezing fraction-relative humidity relationships for non size-selected ambient aerosol that differed by only 0.5 to 1.5% relative humidity from observed relations at the tested temperatures, well within experimental uncertainty. Our findings confirm that the tested ambient aerosols, with hygroscopicities typical of continental regions, freeze homogeneously as expected based on present understanding for single component solution drops in the laboratory. Results also confirm that freezing is more sensitive to particle size than to composition, for particles containing at least a few percent by volume of hygroscopic species. Citation: Richardson, M. S., P. J. DeMott, S. M. Kreidenweis, M. D. Petters, and C. M. Carrico (2010), Observations of ice nucleation by ambient aerosol in the homogeneous freezing regime, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L04806, doi:10.1029/2009GL041912.
C1 [Richardson, Mathews S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[DeMott, Paul J.; Kreidenweis, Sonia M.; Petters, Markus D.; Carrico, Christian M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Richardson, Mathews S.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Richardson, MS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM matt.richardson@noaa.gov
RI DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Petters, Markus/D-2144-2009; Richardson,
Mathews/H-4882-2013; Richardson, Matt/B-4271-2015; Kreidenweis,
Sonia/E-5993-2011
OI DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; Petters, Markus/0000-0002-4082-1693;
Richardson, Matt/0000-0001-6841-9770; Kreidenweis,
Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0611936, ATM-0521643]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, grant
numbers ATM-0611936 and ATM-0521643.
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD FEB 27
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L04806
DI 10.1029/2009GL041912
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 562FR
UT WOS:000275035700004
ER
PT J
AU Alken, P
Maus, S
AF Alken, Patrick
Maus, Stefan
TI Relationship between the ionospheric eastward electric field and the
equatorial electrojet
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID IRREGULARITIES; RADAR; TURBULENCE; JICAMARCA
AB The equatorial electrojet (EEJ) is a strong ionospheric current along the magnetic equator driven by the day side eastward electric field. Current strength is affected by two-stream and gradient-drift instabilities which pose a serious obstacle to quantitative electrodynamic modeling of the equatorial ionosphere. Using highly accurate radar and magnetic field measurements taken over the past decade, we deduce empirical relations between the observed EEJ and the driving eastward electric field. These indicate that the current strength is largely unaffected by instabilities for eastward fields in the range of -0.4 mV/m to 0.07 mV/m. This is followed by a band of moderate current reduction from 0.07 mV/m to 1 mV/m, consistent with predictions for the gradient drift instability. At even stronger eastward fields, a further current reduction is observed, as expected for the two-stream instability. These non-linear empirical relations can be used to correct ionospheric electric field strengths inferred from space and ground-based magnetic field measurements. Citation: Alken, P., and S. Maus (2010), Relationship between the ionospheric eastward electric field and the equatorial electrojet, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L04104, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041989.
C1 [Alken, Patrick; Maus, Stefan] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Alken, P (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, E GC 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM patrick.alken@noaa.gov
OI Maus, Stefan/0000-0002-9604-3878
FU NSF [ATM-0432565]; NASA [NNX08AG09G]
FX The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is gratefully acknowledged for providing
the JULIA and ISR radar data as well as the ground-based magnetometer
data for this study. The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is a facility of
the Instituto Geofisico del Peru operated with support from the NSF
Cooperative Agreement ATM-0432565 through Cornell University. The Piura
magnetic observatory is gratefully acknowledged for providing
ground-based magnetometer data. The operational support of the CHAMP
mission by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) is gratefully acknowledged.
This work was supported by the NASA grant NNX08AG09G.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD FEB 26
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L04104
DI 10.1029/2009GL041989
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 562FQ
UT WOS:000275035600003
ER
PT J
AU Trouet, V
Taylor, AH
Wahl, ER
Skinner, CN
Stephens, SL
AF Trouet, Valerie
Taylor, Alan H.
Wahl, Eugene R.
Skinner, Carl N.
Stephens, Scott L.
TI Fire-climate interactions in the American West since 1400 CE
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; REGIMES; PACIFIC; USA; SOUTHWEST; NORTHWEST; HISTORY;
FORESTS; RANGE
AB Despite a strong anthropogenic fingerprint on 20th Century wildland fire activity in the American West, climate remains a main driver. A better understanding of the spatiotemporal variability in fire-climate interactions is therefore crucial for fire management. Here, we present annually resolved, tree-ring based fire records for four regions in the American West that extend back to 1400 CE. In all regions, years with high fire activity were characterized by widespread yet regionally distinct summer droughts. Overall fire activity was high in late Medieval times, when much of the American West was affected by mega-droughts. A distinct decline in fire activity in the late 16th Century corresponds with anomalously low temperatures during the Little Ice Age and a decline in Native American fire use. The high spatiotemporal resolution of our fire record discloses a time-frequency dependent climatic influence on wildfire regimes in the American West that needs to be accounted for in fire models. Citation: Trouet, V., A. H. Taylor, E. R. Wahl, C. N. Skinner, and S. L. Stephens (2010), Fire-climate interactions in the American West since 1400 CE, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L04702, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041695.
C1 [Trouet, Valerie] WSL, Swiss Fed Res Inst, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Taylor, Alan H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wahl, Eugene R.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Paleoclimate Branch, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Skinner, Carl N.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Redding, CA 96002 USA.
[Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Trouet, V (reprint author), WSL, Swiss Fed Res Inst, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
EM trouet@wsl.ch
FU USDI/USDA [04-JV-11272162-407]
FX This research was supported by a cooperative agreement with the USDA
Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station (04-JV-11272162-407)
from funds provided by the USDI/USDA Interagency Joint Fire Sciences
Program and a Deike Research grant. The regional temperature
reconstructions were supported by the Weather and Climate Impacts
Science Assessment initiative at the National Center for Atmospheric
Research (NCAR). We thank Jan Esper and David Frank for helpful
suggestions.
NR 35
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD FEB 25
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L04702
DI 10.1029/2009GL041695
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 562FP
UT WOS:000275035500003
ER
PT J
AU dos Santos, RG
Martins, AS
Torezani, E
Baptistotte, C
Farias, JD
Horta, PA
Work, TM
Balazs, GH
AF dos Santos, Robson Guimaraes
Martins, Agnaldo Silva
Torezani, Evelise
Baptistotte, Cecilia
Farias, Julyana da Nobrega
Horta, Paulo Antunes
Work, Thierry M.
Balazs, George H.
TI Relationship between fibropapillomatosis and environmental quality: a
case study with Chelonia mydas off Brazil
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fibropapillomatosis; Environmental quality; Chelonia mydas; Green
turtle; Ecological index; Brazil
ID GREEN TURTLE FIBROPAPILLOMATOSIS; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; SEA-TURTLES;
BIODIVERSITY; HERPESVIRUS; MACROALGAE; COMMUNITY; PATHOLOGY; PATTERNS;
WILDLIFE
AB We documented the presence of fibropapillomatosis (FP), a debilitating tumor-forming disease, in marine turtles in Espirito Santo Bay (Brazil) from March 2007 to April 2008, and assessed the value of a specific environmental index for predicting the prevalence of FP. Turtles were captured monthly with entanglement nets and scored for presence and severity of FP. For the assessment of habitat quality, we used the ecological evaluation index (EEI) based on benthic macrophytes. The FP-free control area was classified as good quality (EEI = 8) and the study area, with high FP prevalence, was classified as bad quality (EEI = 2). Prevalence of FP in the study area was 58.3% with an average of 40 tumors per individual, and prevalence varied positively with curved carapace length (CCL). No FP was seen in the control area. The number of turtles heavily afflicted (tumor score category 3) was 10 times larger than those lightly affected (tumor score category 1). Most tumors were found on or near the front and rear flippers; no oral tumors or internal tumors were found. At recapture, 41% of formerly tumor-free turtles revealed FP, often increasing in severity with time, and very few turtles showed signs of disease regression. From the results of this study we concluded that FP is particularly severe in Espirito Santo Bay. Future studies should focus on evaluating how widespread FP is in Brazil, whether prevalence is increasing or decreasing, and elucidating the pathology and pathogenesis of FP in sea turtles in Brazil.
C1 [dos Santos, Robson Guimaraes; Martins, Agnaldo Silva] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, CCHN, Dept Oceanog & Ecol, BR-29075910 Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
[Torezani, Evelise; Baptistotte, Cecilia] Projeto TAMAR ICMBio, BR-29040715 Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
[Farias, Julyana da Nobrega; Horta, Paulo Antunes] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, CCB, Dept Bot, BR-88010970 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
[Work, Thierry M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
[Balazs, George H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP dos Santos, RG (reprint author), Univ Fed Espirito Santo, CCHN, Dept Oceanog & Ecol, BR-29075910 Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
EM robsongsantos@gmail.com
RI Martins, Agnaldo/F-1615-2011; Horta, Paulo/E-5236-2013; SANTOS,
ROBSON/E-7183-2010; Work, Thierry/F-1550-2015; Horta, Paulo/L-3092-2015
OI Martins, Agnaldo/0000-0003-2160-1326; SANTOS,
ROBSON/0000-0001-5240-6799; Work, Thierry/0000-0002-4426-9090;
FU FAPES; CAPES; TAMAR/ICMBio; CNPq [308867/2006-8]
FX We thank the FAPES, CAPES, TAMAR/ICMBio and CNPq (ASM grant
308867/2006-8) for the financial support, the TAMAR team for helping
with the field work, Acqua Sub and its team for lending SCUBA equipment
and helping in the collecting of macroalgae.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 26
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD FEB 24
PY 2010
VL 89
IS 1
BP 87
EP 95
DI 10.3354/dao02178
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 571FT
UT WOS:000275737800010
PM 20391916
ER
PT J
AU Miya, M
Pietsch, TW
Orr, JW
Arnold, RJ
Satoh, TP
Shedlock, AM
Ho, HC
Shimazaki, M
Yabe, M
Nishida, M
AF Miya, Masaki
Pietsch, Theodore W.
Orr, James W.
Arnold, Rachel J.
Satoh, Takashi P.
Shedlock, Andrew M.
Ho, Hsuan-Ching
Shimazaki, Mitsuomi
Yabe, Mamoru
Nishida, Mutsumi
TI Evolutionary history of anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes): a
mitogenomic perspective
SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENETIC TREE SELECTION; HIGHER-LEVEL
RELATIONSHIPS; RAY-FINNED FISH; GENOME SEQUENCES; TETRAODONTIFORM
FISHES; LOPHIID ANGLERFISHES; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; LIKELIHOOD APPROACH;
DIVERGENCE TIME
AB Background: The teleost order Lophiiformes, commonly known as the anglerfishes, contains a diverse array of marine fishes, ranging from benthic shallow-water dwellers to highly modified deep-sea midwater species. They comprise 321 living species placed in 68 genera, 18 families and 5 suborders, but approximately half of the species diversity is occupied by deep-sea ceratioids distributed among 11 families. The evolutionary origins of such remarkable habitat and species diversity, however, remain elusive because of the lack of fresh material for a majority of the deep-sea ceratioids and incompleteness of the fossil record across all of the Lophiiformes. To obtain a comprehensive picture of the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the anglerfishes, we assembled whole mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences from 39 lophiiforms (33 newly determined during this study) representing all five suborders and 17 of the 18 families. Sequences of 77 higher teleosts including the 39 lophiiform sequences were unambiguously aligned and subjected to phylogenetic analysis and divergence time estimation.
Results: Partitioned maximum likelihood analysis confidently recovered monophyly for all of the higher taxa (including the order itself) with the exception of the Thaumatichthyidae (Lasiognathus was deeply nested within the Oneirodidae). The mitogenomic trees strongly support the most basal and an apical position of the Lophioidei and a clade comprising Chaunacoidei + Ceratioidei, respectively, although alternative phylogenetic positions of the remaining two suborders (Antennarioidei and Ogcocephaloidei) with respect to the above two lineages are statistically indistinguishable. While morphology-based intra-subordinal relationships for relatively shallow, benthic dwellers (Lophioidei, Antennarioidei, Ogcocephaloidei, Chaunacoidei) are either congruent with or statistically indistinguishable from the present mitogenomic tree, those of the principally deep-sea midwater dwellers (Ceratioidei) cannot be reconciled with the molecular phylogeny. A relaxed molecular-clock Bayesian analysis of the divergence times suggests that all of the subordinal diversifications have occurred during a relatively short time period between 100 and 130 Myr ago (early to mid Cretaceous).
Conclusions: The mitogenomic analyses revealed previously unappreciated phylogenetic relationships among the lophiiform suborders and ceratioid familes. Although the latter relationships cannot be reconciled with the earlier hypotheses based on morphology, we found that simple exclusion of the reductive or simplified characters can alleviate some of the conflict. The acquisition of novel features, such as male dwarfism, bioluminescent lures, and unique reproductive modes allowed the deep-sea ceratioids to diversify rapidly in a largely unexploited, food-poor bathypelagic zone (200-2000 m depth) relative to the other lophiiforms occurring in shallow coastal areas.
C1 [Miya, Masaki] Nat Hist Museum & Inst, Chuo Ku, Chiba 2608682, Japan.
[Pietsch, Theodore W.; Arnold, Rachel J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Coll Ocean & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Orr, James W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Satoh, Takashi P.] Natl Museum Nat & Sci, Collect Ctr, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1690073, Japan.
[Shedlock, Andrew M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Chilung 202, Taiwan.
[Shimazaki, Mitsuomi; Yabe, Mamoru] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Fisheries Sci, Lab Marine Biodivers, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0418611, Japan.
[Nishida, Mutsumi] Univ Tokyo, Ocean Res Inst, Nakano Ku, Tokyo 1648689, Japan.
RP Pietsch, TW (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum & Inst, Chuo Ku, 955-2 Aoba Cho, Chiba 2608682, Japan.
EM miya@chiba-muse.or.jp
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
[12NP0201, 15380131, 17207007, 19207007]; U.S. National Science
Foundation [DEB-0314637]
FX This study would not have been possible without donation of the study
materials, for which we would like to thank A. Bentley, J.H. Caruso, H.
Endo, A. Graham, K. E. Hartel, M. McGrouther, T. T. Sutton, E.O. Wiley,
and M. Yamaguchi. We also thank J.G. Inoue for his kind advice in
divergence time estimation, Y. Yamanoue for providing the pre-aligned
sequences used in Yamanoue et al. [27], and C. P. Kenaley and D. E.
Stevenson for helpful discussions. We thank the following for allowing
us to reproduce their photographs: J.H. Caruso, P. David, D. B.
Grobecker, C. P. Kenaley, R. Kuiter, D. Shale, and E. A. Widder. This
study was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (12NP0201,
15380131, 17207007, and 19207007); and by the U.S. National Science
Foundation Grant DEB-0314637, T. W. Pietsch, principal investigator.
NR 95
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 7
U2 70
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2148
J9 BMC EVOL BIOL
JI BMC Evol. Biol.
PD FEB 23
PY 2010
VL 10
AR 58
DI 10.1186/1471-2148-10-58
PG 27
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 569NJ
UT WOS:000275603700001
PM 20178642
ER
PT J
AU Ro, HW
Park, ES
Soles, CL
Yoon, DY
AF Ro, Hyun Wook
Park, Eun Su
Soles, Christopher L.
Yoon, Do Y.
TI Structure-Property Relationships for Methylsilsesquioxanes
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; SPIN-ON-GLASS; LOW-K; METHYL SILSESQUIOXANE;
THIN-FILMS; HYDROGEN SILSESQUIOXANE; THERMAL-PROPERTIES;
MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; POLY(METHYLSILSESQUIOXANE)S; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB Critical structure-property relationships are delineated for a widely used class of methylsilsesquioxane (MSQ) materials. We obtained a range of MSQ prepolymers with different microstructures by varying the synthetic conditions. The structure of such different oligomers were measured and correlated with the physical properties of final (thermally cured) MSQ films. The microstructural analysis was performed using a combination of graphite plate laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GPLDI-TOF MS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These measurements show that, as the MSQs grow in size, the propensity to form closed cage-type architectures is higher for molecular masses below 1000 u. When these prepolymers are spin-cast into thin films and thermally cured (vitrified) into Final organosilicate polymers, the cage-type microstructures have detrimental effects on the physical properties of the film. They result in films with poor optical quality and a very large coefficient of thermal expansion. The structural basis for these variations in the physical properties is discussed in detail.
C1 [Ro, Hyun Wook; Park, Eun Su; Yoon, Do Y.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Ro, Hyun Wook; Soles, Christopher L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ro, HW (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
EM hyun.ro@nist.gov; csoles@nist.gov; dyyoon@snu.ac.kr
FU Brain Korea 21 Project; Korean government; National Institute of
Standards and Technology Office
FX We thank Profs. J.-K. Lee and H.-J. Kim for the helpful discussions on
this work. This work was supported in part by the Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering Program of the Brain Korea 21 Project and the
"System IC 2010 Project" of the Korean government. The authors also
acknowledge the financial support from the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Office of Microelectronics Programs.
NR 35
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD FEB 23
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 4
BP 1330
EP 1339
DI 10.1021/cm901771y
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 555RI
UT WOS:000274531300012
ER
PT J
AU Reinard, AA
Henthorn, J
Komm, R
Hill, F
AF Reinard, A. A.
Henthorn, J.
Komm, R.
Hill, F.
TI EVIDENCE THAT TEMPORAL CHANGES IN SOLAR SUBSURFACE HELICITY PRECEDE
ACTIVE REGION FLARING
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: flares
ID RING DIAGRAMS; FLARES
AB We report on the analysis of subsurface vorticity/helicity measurements for flare producing and quiet active regions. We have developed a parameter to investigate whether large, decreasing kinetic helicity density commonly occurs prior to active region flaring. This new parameter is effective at separating flaring and non-flaring active regions and even separates among C-, M-, and X-class flare producing regions. In addition, this parameter provides advance notice of flare occurrence, as it increases 2-3 days before the flare occurs. These results are striking on an average basis, though on an individual basis there is still considerable overlap between flare associated and non-flare associated values. We propose the following qualitative scenario for flare production: subsurface rotational kinetic energy twists the magnetic field lines into an unstable configuration, resulting in explosive reconnection and a flare.
C1 [Reinard, A. A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Reinard, A. A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Henthorn, J.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Komm, R.; Hill, F.] Natl Solar Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Reinard, AA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM alysha.reinard@noaa.gov
RI Reinard, Alysha/H-7808-2013
OI Reinard, Alysha/0000-0003-0304-2989
FU NASA [NNG08EI54I, NNH07CD25C]; AFOSR [F49620-00-C-0004,
F49620-03-C-0019]
FX This work utilizes data obtained by the Global Oscillation Network Group
(GONG) program, managed by the National Solar Observatory, which is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy
(AURA), Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science
Foundation. The data were acquired by instruments operated by the Big
Bear Solar Observatory, High Altitude Observatory, Learmonth Solar
Observatory, Udaipur Solar Observatory, Instituto de Astrof'i sica de
Canarias, and Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory. This work was
supported by the NASA Grant NNG08EI54I to the National Solar
Observatory. The discriminant analysis code was developed by Barnes and
Leka with funding from AFOSR under contracts F49620-00-C-0004,
F49620-03-C-0019, and from NASA under contract NNH07CD25C. We thank the
referee for helpful comments that improved the clarity of this Letter.
NR 15
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD FEB 20
PY 2010
VL 710
IS 2
BP L121
EP L125
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/710/2/L121
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 567BR
UT WOS:000275417800005
ER
PT J
AU Chang, YS
Rosati, AJ
Vecchi, GA
AF Chang, You-Soon
Rosati, Anthony J.
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
TI Basin patterns of global sea level changes for 2004-2007
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea level budget; Satellite altimetry; Argo; GRACE; Basin-scale
ID OCEAN HEAT-CONTENT; IN-SITU; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; GRACE; SALINITY
AB Based on independent observations, we estimate the sea level budget and linear trends for individual ocean basins and the world ocean during 2004-2007. Even though it is confirmed that the seasonal variation of global sea level is balanced by the different sea level components (total sea level change from satellite altimetry equals to the sum of the steric height contribution obtained by Argo profiles and any variability in ocean mass observed from GRACE), basin-scale sea level budgets show very different characteristics. Sea level budgets over the South Pacific and Antarctic Ocean maintain a good balance both on seasonal to interannual time scales. Meanwhile, only the satellite altimeter data exhibits a large 4-year trend over the South Indian Ocean. This basin significantly impacts the magnitude of the disagreement for the global sea level budget. Large differences among the 3 different gravity fields related to the hydrologic signals in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean could be one of the major causes of the imbalance in the global sea level budget. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chang, You-Soon; Rosati, Anthony J.; Vecchi, Gabriel A.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Chang, YS (reprint author), Princeton Univ, GFDL NOAA, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM You-Soon.Chang@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X
FU Visiting Scientist Program at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA/GFDL);
CNES; NASA
FX This research was supported by the Visiting Scientist Program at the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Geophysical Fluid
Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA/GFDL), administered by the University
Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR). We acknowledge the
international Argo program for the rich publicly-available database.
These data were collected and made freely available by the International
Argo Project and the national programs that contribute to it.
(http://www.argo.ucsd.edu, http://argojcom-mops.org). Argo is a pilot
program of the Global Ocean Observing System. We are also grateful to
Dr. Dean Roemmich for providing their gridded Argo dataset. The
altimeter products were produced by SSALTO/DUACS and distributed by
AVISO with support from CNES. GRACE data were processed by D. P.
Chambers, supported by the NASA Earth Science REASON GRACE Project, and
are available at http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov. We thank Drs. R.J. Stouffer,
K.W. Dixon,and anonymous reviewers for their comments on the earlier
version of this manuscript.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD FEB 20
PY 2010
VL 80
IS 1-2
BP 115
EP 124
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2009.11.003
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 561NX
UT WOS:000274985800010
ER
PT J
AU Onate, E
Rossi, R
Idelsohn, SR
Butler, KM
AF Onate, Eugenio
Rossi, Riccardo
Idelsohn, Sergio R.
Butler, Kathryn M.
TI Melting and spread of polymers in fire with the particle finite element
method
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE melting; dripping; polymers; particle finite element method
ID FLOWS; FORMULATION; MECHANICS; CALCULUS
AB A new computational procedure for analysis of the melting and flame spread of polymers under fire conditions is presented. The method. termed particle finite element method (PFEM). combines concepts from particle-based techniques With those of the standard finite element method (FEM). The key feature of the PFEM is the use of all updated Lagrangian description to model the motion of nodes, (particles) in the thermoplastic material. Nodes are viewed as material points that can freely move and even separate from the main analysis domain representing, for instance. the effect of melting and dripping Of polymer particles. A mesh connects the nodes defining the discretized domain where the governing equations are solved as ill the standard FEM. An incremental iterative scheme For the solution of the non-linear transient-coupled thermal-flow problem. including, loss of mass by gasification, is used. Examples of the possibilities of the PFEM for the modeling and simulation of the melting and flame spread of polymers under different fire conditions are described. Numerical results are compared with experimental data provided by NIST. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Onate, Eugenio; Rossi, Riccardo; Idelsohn, Sergio R.] Tech Univ Catalonia UPC, CIMNE, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
[Butler, Kathryn M.] NIST, BFRL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Onate, E (reprint author), Tech Univ Catalonia UPC, CIMNE, Gran Capitan S-N, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
EM onate@cimne.upc.edu
RI Idelsohn, Sergio/P-7102-2014; Rossi, Riccardo/C-9982-2015; ONATE,
EUGENIO/I-2758-2014;
OI Rossi, Riccardo/0000-0003-0528-7074; ONATE, EUGENIO/0000-0002-0804-7095;
Idelsohn, Sergio/0000-0003-0034-7883
FU Publishing Arts Research Council [98-1846389]
FX Contract/grant sponsor: Publishing Arts Research Council: contract/grant
number: 98-1846389
NR 23
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5981
J9 INT J NUMER METH ENG
JI Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng.
PD FEB 19
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 8
BP 1046
EP 1072
DI 10.1002/nme.2731
PG 27
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 554DN
UT WOS:000274415800004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, WL
Kim, SA
Geiss, R
Flannery, CM
Soles, CL
Wang, C
Stafford, CM
Wu, WL
Torres, JM
Vogt, BD
Heyliger, PR
AF Johnson, W. L.
Kim, S. A.
Geiss, R.
Flannery, C. M.
Soles, C. L.
Wang, C.
Stafford, C. M.
Wu, W-L
Torres, J. M.
Vogt, B. D.
Heyliger, P. R.
TI Elastic constants and dimensions of imprinted polymeric nanolines
determined from Brillouin light scattering
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES; METROLOGY;
POLYSTYRENE
AB Elastic constants and cross-sectional dimensions of imprinted nanolines of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) on silicon substrates are determined nondestructively from finite-element inversion analysis of dispersion curves of hypersonic acoustic modes of these nanolines measured with Brillouin light scattering. The results for the cross-sectional dimensions, under the simplifying assumption of vertical sides and a semicircular top, are found to be consistent with dimensions determined from critical-dimension small-angle x-ray scattering measurements. The elastic constants C-11 and C-44 are found to be, respectively, 11.6% and 3.1% lower than their corresponding values for bulk PMMA. This result is consistent with the dimensional dependence of the quasi-static Young's modulus determined from buckling measurements on PMMA films with lower molecular weights. This study provides the first evidence of size-dependent effects on hypersonic elastic properties of polymers.
C1 [Johnson, W. L.; Kim, S. A.; Geiss, R.; Flannery, C. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Soles, C. L.; Wang, C.; Stafford, C. M.; Wu, W-L] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Torres, J. M.; Vogt, B. D.] Arizona State Univ, Flexible Display Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
[Heyliger, P. R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Johnson, WL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Mat Reliabil, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
EI 1361-6528
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD FEB 19
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 7
AR 075703
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/21/7/075703
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 546QE
UT WOS:000273824500016
PM 20081293
ER
PT J
AU Chou, CW
Hume, DB
Koelemeij, JCJ
Wineland, DJ
Rosenband, T
AF Chou, C. W.
Hume, D. B.
Koelemeij, J. C. J.
Wineland, D. J.
Rosenband, T.
TI Frequency Comparison of Two High-Accuracy Al+ Optical Clocks
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ION-TRAP; SPECTROSCOPY; IONIZATION; TRANSITION; STANDARD; ATOM
AB We have constructed an optical clock with a fractional frequency inaccuracy of 8.6 x 10(-18), based on quantum logic spectroscopy of an Al+ ion. A simultaneously trapped Mg+ ion serves to sympathetically laser cool the Al+ ion and detect its quantum state. The frequency of the S-1(0) <-> P-3(0) clock transition is compared to that of a previously constructed Al+ optical clock with a statistical measurement uncertainty of 7.0 x 10(-18). The two clocks exhibit a relative stability of 2.8 x 10(-15)tau(-1/2), and a fractional frequency difference of -1.8 x 10(-17), consistent with the accuracy limit of the older clock.
C1 [Chou, C. W.; Hume, D. B.; Koelemeij, J. C. J.; Wineland, D. J.; Rosenband, T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Chou, CW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM chinwen@nist.gov
FU ONR; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)
FX We thank J.C. Bergquist for use of his stable Fabry-Perot cavities, T.
M. Fortier for optical frequency measurements, W. M. Itano for atomic
structure calculations, and S. Bickman and D. Leibrandt for helpful
comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by ONR. J.C. J.K.
acknowledges support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific
Research (NWO). Contribution of NIST, not subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 23
TC 454
Z9 471
U1 15
U2 98
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD FEB 19
PY 2010
VL 104
IS 7
AR 070802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.070802
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 557JD
UT WOS:000274664500009
PM 20366869
ER
PT J
AU Roscioli, JR
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Roscioli, Joseph R.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI State-Resolved Scattering at Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid-Vacuum
Interfaces: Anion Dependence and the Role of Dynamic versus Equilibrium
Effects
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; HYDROCARBON SURFACE;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GAS SEPARATIONS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CO2 SCATTERING;
OXYGEN-ATOMS; SOLUBILITY; COLLISIONS
AB Supported room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) membranes are of industrial interest as possible carbon-sequestration and CO(2)-scrubbing agents, specifically in natural gas reforming processes. We report state-resolved scattering studies of CO(2) from alkylimidazolium-based RTIL surfaces, containing either BF(4)(-) or Tf(2)N(-) anions. The scattered CO(2) exhibits a two-temperature rotational distribution, well described in the context of a trapping desorption/impulsive scattering (TD/IS) model. We find that the scattering dynamics are highly dependent upon the anion identity, implying that the anions are present at the interface and play a role in the gas liquid. collisions Trends in the trapping-desorption. fractions are in stark opposition with trends in the bulk Henry's Law solubility constants, clearly highlighting the critical role of nonequilibrium dynamics over equilibrium bulk solubility properties in these high-energy collisions. These results are discussed in the context of composition, geometry, and local corrugation at the interface.
C1 [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Science Foundation;
National Research Council
FX Support for this work is provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, with the initial diode laser equipment funding provided by the
National Science Foundation. J.R.R. would also like to thank the
National Research Council for postdoctoral fellowship support.
NR 47
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD FEB 18
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 4
BP 674
EP 678
DI 10.1021/jz900316g
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 588BH
UT WOS:000277040600001
ER
PT J
AU Jaruga, P
Xiao, Y
Vartanian, V
Lloyd, RS
Dizdaroglu, M
AF Jaruga, Pawel
Xiao, Yan
Vartanian, Vladimir
Lloyd, R. Stephen
Dizdaroglu, Miral
TI Evidence for the Involvement of DNA Repair Enzyme NEIL1 in Nucleotide
Excision Repair of (5 ' R)- and (5 ' S)-8,5 '-Cyclo-2 '-deoxyadenosines
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDATIVELY DAMAGED DNA; COLI ENDONUCLEASE-VIII; GROUP-B PROTEIN;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; MODIFIED
BASES; GLYCOSYLASE; PATHWAY; PHOTOLYASE
AB The DNA repair enzyme NEIL1 isa DNA glycosylase that is involved in the first step of base excision repair (BER) of oxidatively induced DNA damage. NEIL1 exhibits a strong preference for excision of 4,6-diamino5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyAde) and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyGUa) from DNA with no specificity for 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua). Ill this Study, we report oil the significant accumulation Of (5'R)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (R-cdA) and (5'S)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (S-cdA) in liver DNA of neil1(-1)mice that were not exposed to exogenous oxidative stress, While no accumulation of these lesions was observed in liver DNA from control or oggl(-/-) mice. Significant accumulation of FapyGua was detected in liver DNA of both neil1(-/-) and oggl(-/-) mice, while 8-OH-GUa accumulated in ogg1(-/-) only. Since R-cdA and S-cdA contain an 8,5'-covalent bond between the base and Sugar moieties, they cannot be repaired by BER. There is evidence that these lesions are repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER). Since the accumulation of R-cdA and S-cdA in neil1(-1) mice strongly points to the Failure or their repair, these data suggest that NEIL1 is involved in NER of R-cdA and S-cdA. Further studies aimed Lit elucidating the rnechanisill of action of NEIL1 in N ER are warranted.
C1 [Jaruga, Pawel; Xiao, Yan; Dizdaroglu, Miral] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jaruga, Pawel] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Coll Med, Dept Clin Biochem, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
[Vartanian, Vladimir; Lloyd, R. Stephen] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
RP Dizdaroglu, M (reprint author), NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM miral@nist.gov
RI Jaruga, Pawel/M-4378-2015
FU National Institutes of Health [DK075974]
FX This research was supported in part by National Institutes of Health
Grant DK075974 (R.S.L.).
NR 28
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD FEB 16
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 6
BP 1053
EP 1055
DI 10.1021/bi902161f
PG 3
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 553CI
UT WOS:000274342000001
PM 20067321
ER
PT J
AU Moritz, MA
Moody, TJ
Krawchuk, MA
Hughes, M
Hall, A
AF Moritz, M. A.
Moody, Tadashi J.
Krawchuk, Meg A.
Hughes, Mimi
Hall, Alex
TI Spatial variation in extreme winds predicts large wildfire locations in
chaparral ecosystems
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIRE REGIMES; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; FOREST; SUPPRESSION
AB Fire plays a crucial role in many ecosystems, and a better understanding of different controls on fire activity is needed. Here we analyze spatial variation in fire danger during episodic wind events in coastal southern California, a densely populated Mediterranean-climate region. By reconstructing almost a decade of fire weather patterns through detailed simulations of Santa Ana winds, we produced the first high-resolution map of where these hot, dry winds are consistently most severe and which areas are relatively sheltered. We also analyzed over half a century of mapped fire history in chaparral ecosystems of the region, finding that our models successfully predict where the largest wildfires are most likely to occur. There is a surprising lack of information about extreme wind patterns worldwide, and more quantitative analyses of their spatial variation will be important for effective fire management and sustainable long-term urban development on fire-prone landscapes. Citation: Moritz, M. A., T. J. Moody, M. A. Krawchuk, M. Hughes, and A. Hall (2010), Spatial variation in extreme winds predicts large wildfire locations in chaparral ecosystems, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L04801, doi:10.1029/2009GL041735.
C1 [Moritz, M. A.; Moody, Tadashi J.; Krawchuk, Meg A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA.
[Hughes, Mimi; Hall, Alex] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Hughes, Mimi] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Moritz, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA.
EM mmoritz@berkeley.edu
RI Hughes, Mimi/C-3710-2009; Hall, Alex/D-8175-2014
OI Hughes, Mimi/0000-0002-4554-9289;
FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-0747533]; U.S. Joint Fire
Sciences Program [04-1-2-01]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada
FX We thank the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF ATM-0747533), U.S.
Joint Fire Sciences Program (project 04-1-2-01), and the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for funding portions
of this work. We also appreciate early discussions with J. E. Keeley and
an anonymous reviewer's suggestions for improving the work.
NR 24
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 5
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD FEB 16
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L04801
DI 10.1029/2009GL041735
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 558ZG
UT WOS:000274788200001
ER
PT J
AU Zeiger, DN
Stafford, CM
Cheng, YJ
Leigh, SD
Lin-Gibson, S
Lin, NJ
AF Zeiger, Diana N.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Cheng, Yajun
Leigh, Stefan D.
Lin-Gibson, Sheng
Lin, Nancy J.
TI Effects of Sample Preparation on Bacterial Colonization of Polymers
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; RESTORATIVE MATERIALS; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; RESIN
COMPOSITES; ADHESION; ATTACHMENT; ADHERENCE; SALIVA; PLAQUE
AB Characterization of materials developed for medical usage frequently includes studies in which the materials are inoculated with bacteria in order to assess bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Observed differences in bacterial growth are typically considered to be due to the material or the incubation conditions. To our knowledge, the method Used to prepare the materials has generally not been considered with regard to its influence oil bacterial colonization. The objective of this study was to determine the effects that various preparation methods exert oil bacterial colonization of polymer disks. Polymer disks of the same dimethacrylate composition were photopolymerized: (1) between untreated glass slides, (2) between polyester release film, (3) between glass slides treated with all alkyl silane, (4) between glass slides treated with a perfluorinated silane, or (5) with one free surface in all argon-purged chamber. Surface chemistry was quantified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hydrophobicity was assessed by water contact angle, and topography was characterized using atomic force microscopy. The disks were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans For 4 h, fixed, and visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Differences among all groups were found with regard to surface chemistry, hydrophobicity, topography, and bacteria morphology, density, and coverage, indicating that the method or sample preparation strongly affects both the Surface properties and the initial bacterial colonization. Polymerization Oil untreated slides was selected as the preferred method of preparation due to minimal material transfer to the polymer and consistent, reproducible bacterial colornization.
C1 [Zeiger, Diana N.; Stafford, Christopher M.; Cheng, Yajun; Lin-Gibson, Sheng; Lin, Nancy J.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Leigh, Stefan D.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lin, NJ (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nancy.lin@nist.gov
OI Cheng, Ya-Jun/0000-0002-0932-295X
FU NIDCR NIH HHS [Y01 DE7005-01, Y1-DE-7005-01]
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD FEB 16
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 4
BP 2659
EP 2664
DI 10.1021/la902920n
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 553CK
UT WOS:000274342200070
PM 19839634
ER
PT J
AU Seo, J
Kim, TH
Chung, SH
Oh, Y
Choi, JH
Kuk, Y
AF Seo, Jungpil
Kim, T. -H.
Chung, S. -H.
Oh, Y.
Choi, J. H.
Kuk, Young
TI Tuning magnetostatic interaction in single-crystalline nanodot arrays
with in-plane easy axes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE iron; magnetisation; magnetostatics; nanomagnetics; quantum dots;
scanning tunnelling microscopy
ID SURFACES; W(110); DOMAIN
AB We have fabricated an ultrahigh-vacuum-processed, ordered, single-crystalline nanodot array. By mapping the magnetization of the nanodots with spin polarized scanning tunneling microscopy in the same chamber where they were grown, we are able to understand how the short-range order of the nanodot array is determined by the magnetostatic dipole interaction among neighboring nanodots. We also demonstrate tuning the magnetic interaction in the nanodot array by controlling those magnetic energies. Further magnetic simulations support the observed results consistently.
C1 [Seo, Jungpil; Oh, Y.; Kuk, Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Kim, T. -H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Chung, S. -H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Choi, J. H.] Korea Adv Nanofab Ctr, Suwon 443270, South Korea.
RP Kuk, Y (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
EM ykuk@phya.snu.ac.kr
RI Kim, Tae-Hwan/A-5636-2010;
OI Kim, Tae-Hwan/0000-0001-5328-0913; Oh, Youngtek/0000-0002-2791-4545
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 7
AR 073106
DI 10.1063/1.3323094
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 558PX
UT WOS:000274758100067
ER
PT J
AU Holbrook, RD
Kline, CN
Filliben, JJ
AF Holbrook, R. David
Kline, Carly N.
Filliben, James J.
TI Impact of Source Water Quality on Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Coagulation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; DRINKING-WATER; NANOPARTICLES; NANOMATERIALS;
ENVIRONMENT; STABILITY; ASBESTOS; CYTOTOXICITY; AGGREGATION; SUSPENSIONS
AB Potable water treatment facilities may become an important barrier in limiting human exposure to engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) as ENPs begin to contaminate natural aquatic systems. Coagulation of ENPs will likely be a major process that controls the ENP fate and the subsequent removal in the aqueous phase. The influence that source water quality has on ENP coagulation is still relatively unknown. The current study uses a 2(3) x 2(4-1) fractional factorial design to identify seven key surface water constituents that affect multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) coagulation. These seven factors include: influent concentrations of kaolin, organic matter (OM), alginate, and MWCNTs; type and dosage of coagulant and method of MWCNT stabilization. MWCNT removal was most affected by coagulant type and dosage, with alum outperforming ferric chloride at circumneutral pH. None of the other factors were universally significant but instead depended on coagulant type, dose, and method of stabilization. In all cases where factors were found to have a significant impact on MWCNT removal, however, the relationship was consistent higher influent concentrations of kaolin and alginate improved MWCNT removal while higher influent concentrations of OM hindered MWCNT coagulation. Once MWCNTs are released into the natural environment their coagulation behavior will be determined by the type and quantity of pollutants (i.e., factors) present in the aquatic environment and are governed by the same mechanisms that influence the colloidal stability of "natural" nanoparticles.
C1 [Holbrook, R. David] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kline, Carly N.] Kutztown State Univ, Dept Chem, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA.
[Filliben, James J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Holbrook, RD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dave.holbrook@nist.gov
FU NIST Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF)
FX C.N.K. was financially supported by a 2007 NIST Summer Undergraduate
Research Fellowship (SURF). Bastian Pellegrin (TGA analysis) and Matt
Staymates (impeller fabrication), both of NIST, and Charles Bott (jar
tester) of VMI are gratefully acknowledged. We also thank the three
anonymous reviewers for improving this manuscript with their
constructive comments. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or
materials are identified in this work to adequately specify the
experimental procedure. Such identification does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified
are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 39
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 4
BP 1386
EP 1391
DI 10.1021/es902946j
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 553EC
UT WOS:000274347800037
PM 20092299
ER
PT J
AU Horansky, RD
Stiehl, GM
Beall, JA
Irwin, KD
Plionis, AA
Rabin, MW
Ullom, JN
AF Horansky, Robert D.
Stiehl, Gregory M.
Beall, James A.
Irwin, Kent D.
Plionis, Alexander A.
Rabin, Michael W.
Ullom, Joel N.
TI Measurement of ion cascade energies through resolution degradation of
alpha particle microcalorimeters
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE alpha-particle detection; alpha-particle effects; calorimeters; particle
detectors; ubiquitous computing
ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS; X-RAY; ELECTRON-EMISSION; DETECTORS; DEFECT;
SPECTROMETERS; METALS; ARRAY
AB Atomic cascades caused by ions impinging on bulk materials have remained of interest to the scientific community since their discovery by Goldstein in 1902. While considerable effort has been spent describing and, more recently, simulating these cascades, tools that can study individual events are lacking and several aspects of cascade behavior remain poorly known. These aspects include the material energies that determine cascade magnitude and the variation between cascades produced by monoenergetic ions. We have recently developed an alpha particle detector with a thermodynamic resolution near 100 eV full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) and an achieved resolution of 1.06 keV FWHM for 5.3 MeV particles. The detector relies on the absorption of particles by a bulk material and a thermal change in a superconducting thermometer. The achieved resolution of this detector provides the highest resolving power of any energy dispersive technique and a factor of 8 improvement over semiconductor detectors. The exquisite resolution can be directly applied to improved measurements of fundamental nuclear decays and nuclear forensics. In addition, we propose that the discrepancy between the thermodynamic and achieved resolution is due to fluctuations in lattice damage caused by ion-induced cascades in the absorber. Hence, this new detector is capable of measuring the kinetic energy converted to lattice damage in individual atomic cascades. This capability allows new measurements of cascade dynamics; for example, we find that the ubiquitous modeling program, SRIM, significantly underestimates the lattice damage caused in bulk tin by 5.3 MeV alpha particles.
C1 [Horansky, Robert D.; Stiehl, Gregory M.; Beall, James A.; Irwin, Kent D.; Ullom, Joel N.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Plionis, Alexander A.; Rabin, Michael W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Horansky, RD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway,MS 817-03, Boulder, CO USA.
EM horansky@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Nonproliferation
Research and Development; LANL/LDRD; Department of Homeland Security;
NSF [IIS 0813777]
FX We acknowledge valuable technical discussions with Harvey Moseley, Galen
O'Neil, and Minesh Bacrania. We gratefully acknowledge the support of
the U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Nonproliferation
Research and Development, the LANL/LDRD Program, and the Department of
Homeland Security for this work. RDH acknowledges support through NSF
(under Grant No. IIS 0813777).
NR 36
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 4
AR 044512
DI 10.1063/1.3309279
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 562DG
UT WOS:000275028900101
ER
PT J
AU Pratt, JR
Shaw, GA
Kumanchik, L
Burnham, NA
AF Pratt, Jon R.
Shaw, Gordon A.
Kumanchik, Lee
Burnham, Nancy A.
TI Quantitative assessment of sample stiffness and sliding friction from
force curves in atomic force microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic force microscopy; calibration; cantilevers; elasticity;
hysteresis; sliding friction
ID CANTILEVERS; CONTACT; PROBES
AB It has long been recognized that the angular deflection of an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever under "normal" loading conditions can be profoundly influenced by the friction between the tip and the surface. It is shown here that a remarkably quantifiable hysteresis occurs in the slope of loading curves whenever the normal flexural stiffness of the AFM cantilever is greater than that of the sample. This situation arises naturally in cantilever-on-cantilever calibration, but also when trying to measure the stiffness of nanomechanical devices or test structures, or when probing any type of surface or structure that is much more compliant along the surface normal than in transverse directions. Expressions and techniques for evaluating the coefficient of sliding friction between the cantilever tip and sample from normal force curves, as well as relations for determining the stiffness of a mechanically compliant specimen are presented. The model is experimentally supported by the results of cantilever-on-cantilever spring constant calibrations. The cantilever spring constants determined here agree with the values determined using the NIST electrostatic force balance within the limits of the largest uncertainty component, which had a relative value of less than 2.5%. This points the way for quantitative testing of micromechanical and nanomechanical components, more accurate calibration of AFM force, and provides nanotribologists access to information about contact friction from normal force curves.
C1 [Pratt, Jon R.; Shaw, Gordon A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kumanchik, Lee] Univ Florida, Dept Mech Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Burnham, Nancy A.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
RP Pratt, JR (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jon.pratt@nist.gov
RI Burnham, Nancy/A-5210-2013
NR 22
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 4
AR 044305
DI 10.1063/1.3284957
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 562DG
UT WOS:000275028900077
ER
PT J
AU Levine, ZH
Fan, J
Chen, J
Ling, A
Migdall, A
AF Levine, Z. H.
Fan, J.
Chen, J.
Ling, A.
Migdall, A.
TI Heralded, pure-state single-photon source based on a Potassium Titanyl
Phosphate waveguide
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIBER; GENERATION; KTIOPO4
AB We analyze the generation of single spatial mode, spectrally uncorrelated photon pairs via type II spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) waveguide using real experimental parameters. We show that this source can be used as an efficient, heralded, pure-state single-photon source. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Levine, Z. H.; Fan, J.; Chen, J.; Ling, A.; Migdall, A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fan, J.; Chen, J.; Ling, A.; Migdall, A.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Levine, ZH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8441, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM z.levine@nist.gov; jfan@nist.gov
RI Ling, Alexander/G-7331-2012
OI Ling, Alexander/0000-0001-5866-1141
FU Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) entangled
photon source program
FX The authors would like to thank T. D. Roberts for numerous discussions
on the KTP waveguide fabrication and for directing our attention to Ref.
26. This work has been supported in part by the Intelligence Advanced
Research Projects Activity (IARPA) entangled photon source program.
NR 25
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 10
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 4
BP 3708
EP 3718
DI 10.1364/OE.18.003708
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 559BV
UT WOS:000274795700053
PM 20389381
ER
PT J
AU Pysher, M
Bahabad, A
Peng, P
Arie, A
Pfister, O
AF Pysher, Matthew
Bahabad, Alon
Peng, Peng
Arie, Ady
Pfister, Olivier
TI Quasi-phase-matched concurrent nonlinearities in periodically poled
KTiOPO4 for quantum computing over the optical frequency comb
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; CONTINUOUS-VARIABLES; KTIOASO4; CRYSTALS
AB We report the successful design and experimental implementation of three coincident nonlinear interactions, namely ZZZ ( type 0), ZYY ( type I), and YYZ/YZY ( type II) second-harmonic generation of 780 nm light from a 1560 nm pump beam in a single, multigrating, periodically poled KTiOPO4 crystal. The resulting nonlinear medium is the key component for making a scalable quantum computer over the optical frequency comb of a single optical parametric oscillator. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Pysher, Matthew; Peng, Peng; Pfister, Olivier] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Bahabad, Alon] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bahabad, Alon] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bahabad, Alon] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Arie, Ady] Tel Aviv Univ, Fleischman Fac Engn, Dept Phys Elect, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel.
RP Pfister, O (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, 382 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM opfister@virginia.edu
RI Pfister, Olivier/A-4924-2013
OI Pfister, Olivier/0000-0003-3386-9661
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-0555522, CCF-062210,
PHY-0855632]; Israel Science Foundation [960/05]; Israeli Ministry of
Science, Culture and Sport
FX M. P., P. P., and O. P. were supported by National Science Foundation
(NSF) grants PHY-0555522, CCF-062210, and PHY-0855632. A. A. was
supported by the Israel Science Foundation (grant 960/05) and by the
Israeli Ministry of Science, Culture and Sport.
NR 21
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 4
BP 565
EP 567
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 562LO
UT WOS:000275052300040
PM 20160819
ER
PT J
AU Jablonski, A
Powell, CJ
AF Jablonski, A.
Powell, C. J.
TI Improved analytical formulae for correcting elastic-scattering effects
in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Computer simulations; Electron-solid scattering and transmission -
elastic; Photoelectron emission
ID AUGER-ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MEAN FREE PATHS; EFFECTIVE ATTENUATION
LENGTHS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; CORRECTION PARAMETERS; POLYCRYSTALLINE
SOLIDS; ESCAPE PROBABILITY; INFORMATION DEPTH; ATOMIC POTENTIALS;
SURFACE-ANALYSIS
AB We present new predictive formulae for the correction parameters Q(x) and beta(eff) that are used to account for the effects of elastic scattering in quantitative X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These formulae were derived from an analysis of published calculations of Q(x) and beta(eff) from extensive Monte Carlo simulations for a group of elemental solids. Two formulae are given for each parameter. One formula is a function of the single-scattering albedo and the photoelectron emission angle, and is useful for emission angles between 0 degrees and 80 degrees. The other formula is a function only of the single-scattering albedo and is useful for emission angles between 0 degrees and 50 degrees. The single-scattering albedo is in turn a simple function of two material parameters, the inelastic mean free path and the transport mean free path. The latter parameters can be determined readily from available predictive formulae for any material or from databases. The root-mean-square and mean deviations of the Monte Carlo values of Q(x) and beta(eff) from those found with the new formulae are comparable to or smaller than those found with formulae published by Seah and Gilmore. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jablonski, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
[Powell, C. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jablonski, A (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, Ul Kasprzaka 44-52, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
EM jablo@ichf.edu.pl
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD FEB 15
PY 2010
VL 604
IS 3-4
BP 327
EP 336
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2009.11.025
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 561LP
UT WOS:000274979000014
ER
PT J
AU Mathias, S
Ruffing, A
Deicke, F
Wiesenmayer, M
Sarkar, I
Bihlmayer, G
Chulkov, EV
Koroteev, YM
Echenique, PM
Bauer, M
Aeschlimann, M
AF Mathias, S.
Ruffing, A.
Deicke, F.
Wiesenmayer, M.
Sarkar, I.
Bihlmayer, G.
Chulkov, E. V.
Koroteev, Yu. M.
Echenique, P. M.
Bauer, M.
Aeschlimann, M.
TI Quantum-Well-Induced Giant Spin-Orbit Splitting
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; STATES
AB We report on the observation of a giant spin-orbit splitting of quantum-well states in the unoccupied electronic structure of a Bi monolayer on Cu(111). Up to now, Rashba-type splittings of this size have been reported exclusively for surface states in a partial band gap. With these quantum-well states we have experimentally identified a second class of states that show a huge spin-orbit splitting. First-principles electronic structure calculations show that the origin of the spin-orbit splitting is due to the perpendicular potential at the surface and interface of the ultrathin Bi film. This finding allows for the direct possibility to tailor spin-orbit splitting by means of thin-film nanofabrication.
C1 [Mathias, S.; Ruffing, A.; Deicke, F.; Sarkar, I.; Aeschlimann, M.] Univ Kaiserslautern, Dept Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, S.; Ruffing, A.; Deicke, F.; Sarkar, I.; Aeschlimann, M.] Univ Kaiserslautern, Res Ctr OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, S.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wiesenmayer, M.; Bauer, M.] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
[Bihlmayer, G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Festkorperforsch, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Bihlmayer, G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Adv Simulat, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Chulkov, E. V.; Echenique, P. M.] CSIC UPV EHU, DIPC & CFM, Ctr Mixto, Dept Fis Mat, San Sebastian 20080, Spain.
[Koroteev, Yu. M.] RAS, Inst Strength Phys & Mat Sci, Tomsk 634021, Russia.
RP Mathias, S (reprint author), Univ Kaiserslautern, Dept Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
EM smathias@jila.colorado.edu
RI Aeschlimann, Martin/D-7141-2011; CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; Mathias,
Stefan/I-4679-2012; Bihlmayer, Gustav/G-5279-2013; DONOSTIA
INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014; Bauer, Michael/G-5111-2016
OI Aeschlimann, Martin/0000-0003-3413-5029; Bihlmayer,
Gustav/0000-0002-6615-1122; Bauer, Michael/0000-0002-4391-9899
FU DFG [GRK 792, SFB/TRR49]; UPV/EHU [GIC07IT36607]; Departamento de
Educacion del Gobierno Vasco; Spanish MCyT [FIS200766711C0101]
FX This work was supported by the DFG GRK 792 and the DFG SFB/TRR49, the
UPV/EHU (Grant No. GIC07IT36607), the Departamento de Educacion del
Gobierno Vasco, and the Spanish MCyT (Grant No. FIS200766711C0101).
NR 34
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 26
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD FEB 12
PY 2010
VL 104
IS 6
AR 066802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.066802
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 554OU
UT WOS:000274445100039
PM 20366845
ER
PT J
AU Smith, MD
Roheim, CA
Crowder, LB
Halpern, BS
Turnipseed, M
Anderson, JL
Asche, F
Bourillon, L
Guttormsen, AG
Khan, A
Liguori, LA
McNevin, A
O'Connor, MI
Squires, D
Tyedmers, P
Brownstein, C
Carden, K
Klinger, DH
Sagarin, R
Selkoe, KA
AF Smith, Martin D.
Roheim, Cathy A.
Crowder, Larry B.
Halpern, Benjamin S.
Turnipseed, Mary
Anderson, James L.
Asche, Frank
Bourillon, Luis
Guttormsen, Atle G.
Khan, Ahmed
Liguori, Lisa A.
McNevin, Aaron
O'Connor, Mary I.
Squires, Dale
Tyedmers, Peter
Brownstein, Carrie
Carden, Kristin
Klinger, Dane H.
Sagarin, Raphael
Selkoe, Kimberly A.
TI Sustainability and Global Seafood
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID COMMONS; TRADE; FISH
C1 [Smith, Martin D.; Turnipseed, Mary] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Smith, Martin D.] Duke Univ, Dept Econ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Roheim, Cathy A.; Anderson, James L.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Environm & Nat Resource Econ, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Ctr Marine Conservat, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Halpern, Benjamin S.; O'Connor, Mary I.; Selkoe, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Asche, Frank] Univ Stavanger, Dept Ind Econ, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway.
[Bourillon, Luis] Comunidad & Biodiversidad AC COBI, Guaymas 85420, Sonora, Mexico.
[Guttormsen, Atle G.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Econ & Resource Management, N-1432 As, Norway.
[Khan, Ahmed] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Geog, Int Coastal Network, St John, NF A1B 3X9, Canada.
[Liguori, Lisa A.] Univ Georgia, Marine Extens Serv, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA.
[McNevin, Aaron] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
[Squires, Dale] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Tyedmers, Peter] Dalhousie Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Studies, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
[Brownstein, Carrie] Whole Foods Market, Austin, TX 78703 USA.
[Carden, Kristin] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Klinger, Dane H.] Stanford Univ, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resou, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Sagarin, Raphael] Univ Arizona, Inst Environm, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Selkoe, Kimberly A.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
RP Smith, MD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM marsmith@duke.edu
RI O'Connor, Mary/F-2275-2010; Tyedmers, Peter/I-7490-2012; Smith,
Martin/D-9168-2016
OI Tyedmers, Peter/0000-0002-5150-0756; Smith, Martin/0000-0002-4714-463X
NR 22
TC 149
Z9 151
U1 13
U2 83
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD FEB 12
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5967
BP 784
EP 786
DI 10.1126/science.1185345
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 554AQ
UT WOS:000274408300025
PM 20150469
ER
PT J
AU Ospelkaus, S
Ni, KK
Wang, D
de Miranda, MHG
Neyenhuis, B
Quemener, G
Julienne, PS
Bohn, JL
Jin, DS
Ye, J
AF Ospelkaus, S.
Ni, K. -K.
Wang, D.
de Miranda, M. H. G.
Neyenhuis, B.
Quemener, G.
Julienne, P. S.
Bohn, J. L.
Jin, D. S.
Ye, J.
TI Quantum-State Controlled Chemical Reactions of Ultracold
Potassium-Rubidium Molecules
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; RYDBERG BLOCKADE; POLAR-MOLECULES; NOBEL
LECTURE; ATOMS; LASER; GAS; COLLISIONS; PHYSICS
AB How does a chemical reaction proceed at ultralow temperatures? Can simple quantum mechanical rules such as quantum statistics, single partial-wave scattering, and quantum threshold laws provide a clear understanding of the molecular reactivity under a vanishing collision energy? Starting with an optically trapped near-quantum-degenerate gas of polar (40)K(87)Rb molecules prepared in their absolute ground state, we report experimental evidence for exothermic atom-exchange chemical reactions. When these fermionic molecules were prepared in a single quantum state at a temperature of a few hundred nanokelvin, we observed p-wave-dominated quantum threshold collisions arising from tunneling through an angular momentum barrier followed by a short-range chemical reaction with a probability near unity. When these molecules were prepared in two different internal states or when molecules and atoms were brought together, the reaction rates were enhanced by a factor of 10 to 100 as a result of s-wave scattering, which does not have a centrifugal barrier. The measured rates agree with predicted universal loss rates related to the two-body van der Waals length.
C1 [Ospelkaus, S.; Ni, K. -K.; Wang, D.; de Miranda, M. H. G.; Neyenhuis, B.; Quemener, G.; Bohn, J. L.; Jin, D. S.; Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ospelkaus, S.; Ni, K. -K.; Wang, D.; de Miranda, M. H. G.; Neyenhuis, B.; Quemener, G.; Bohn, J. L.; Jin, D. S.; Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Julienne, P. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Julienne, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jin, DS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jin@jilau1.colorado.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Wang, Dajun/F-7026-2012; Julienne, Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU NIST Innovations in Measurement Science-Ultracold Stable Molecules; NSF
Physics Frontier Center; U.S. Department of Energy; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research MURI on Ultracold Molecules; NSF; Office of Naval
Research [N0001409IP20041]
FX Supported by NIST Innovations in Measurement Science-Ultracold Stable
Molecules, NSF Physics Frontier Center at JILA, U.S. Department of
Energy, Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI on Ultracold
Molecules, and a NSF graduate fellowship (B.N.) and by Office of Naval
Research grant N0001409IP20041 (P.S.J.). We thank S. Kotochigova for
providing her calculations of the van der Waals dispersion coefficients
that are relevant to our experiments.
NR 38
TC 395
Z9 396
U1 8
U2 84
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD FEB 12
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5967
BP 853
EP 857
DI 10.1126/science.1184121
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 554AQ
UT WOS:000274408300058
PM 20150499
ER
PT J
AU Porcar, L
Hong, KL
Butler, PD
Herwig, KW
Smith, GS
Liu, Y
Chen, WR
AF Porcar, Lionel
Hong, Kunlun
Butler, Paul D.
Herwig, Kenneth W.
Smith, Gregory S.
Liu, Yun
Chen, Wei-Ren
TI Intramolecular Structural Change of PAMAM Dendrimers in Aqueous
Solutions Revealed by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERS; PH; SIMULATION; PARTICLES; LOCATION; SOLVENT
AB Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were carried out to investigate the structure of aqueous (D(2)O) G4 PAMAM dendrimer solutions as a function of molecular protonation and dendrimer concentration. Our results indicate unambiguously that, although the radius of gyration R(G), remains nearly invariant, the dendrimer radial density profile rho(r) decreases in the dendrimer core with a continuous increase in protonation. This discovery also suggests that R(G), which is commonly adopted by numerous simulation and experimental works in describing the global dendrimer size, is not suitable as the index parameter to characterize the dendrimer coil formation change. We also found that R(G) and rho(r), for dendrimers dissolved in both neutral and acidified solutions, remain nearly constant over the studied concentration range. We further demonstrate that the outcome of the widely used Guinier method is questionable for extracting R(G) in the concentration range studied. Our results reveal the polymer colloid structural duality as benchmarks for future experimental and theoretical studies and provide a critical step toward understanding drug encapsulation by ionic bonds.
C1 [Butler, Paul D.; Liu, Yun] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Porcar, Lionel] Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Hong, Kunlun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Herwig, Kenneth W.; Smith, Gregory S.; Chen, Wei-Ren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yunliu@nist.gov; chenw@ornl.gov
RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011; Herwig, Kenneth/F-4787-2011; Liu,
Yun/F-6516-2012; Smith, Gregory/D-1659-2016; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Smith, Gregory/0000-0001-5659-1805; Hong,
Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111
FU ORNL LDRD [05125]; NSF [DMR-0454672]; U.S. DOE
FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from ORNL LDRD project
(project no. 05125). The support of the NIST in providing the neutron
research facilities supported, under NSF agreement DMR-0454672, is also
acknowledged. The samples were prepared at CNMS ORNL sponsored by U.S.
DOE.
NR 24
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 26
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD FEB 11
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 5
BP 1751
EP 1756
DI 10.1021/jp9064455
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 552EG
UT WOS:000274270100002
PM 20070093
ER
PT J
AU Moss, RH
Edmonds, JA
Hibbard, KA
Manning, MR
Rose, SK
van Vuuren, DP
Carter, TR
Emori, S
Kainuma, M
Kram, T
Meehl, GA
Mitchell, JFB
Nakicenovic, N
Riahi, K
Smith, SJ
Stouffer, RJ
Thomson, AM
Weyant, JP
Wilbanks, TJ
AF Moss, Richard H.
Edmonds, Jae A.
Hibbard, Kathy A.
Manning, Martin R.
Rose, Steven K.
van Vuuren, Detlef P.
Carter, Timothy R.
Emori, Seita
Kainuma, Mikiko
Kram, Tom
Meehl, Gerald A.
Mitchell, John F. B.
Nakicenovic, Nebojsa
Riahi, Keywan
Smith, Steven J.
Stouffer, Ronald J.
Thomson, Allison M.
Weyant, John P.
Wilbanks, Thomas J.
TI The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and
assessment
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL; ATMOSPHERE; SRES
AB Advances in the science and observation of climate change are providing a clearer understanding of the inherent variability of Earth's climate system and its likely response to human and natural influences. The implications of climate change for the environment and society will depend not only on the response of the Earth system to changes in radiative forcings, but also on how humankind responds through changes in technology, economies, lifestyle and policy. Extensive uncertainties exist in future forcings of and responses to climate change, necessitating the use of scenarios of the future to explore the potential consequences of different response options. To date, such scenarios have not adequately examined crucial possibilities, such as climate change mitigation and adaptation, and have relied on research processes that slowed the exchange of information among physical, biological and social scientists. Here we describe a new process for creating plausible scenarios to investigate some of the most challenging and important questions about climate change confronting the global community.
C1 [Moss, Richard H.; Edmonds, Jae A.; Smith, Steven J.; Thomson, Allison M.] Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Hibbard, Kathy A.; Meehl, Gerald A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Manning, Martin R.] Victoria Univ Wellington, New Zealand Climate Change Res Inst, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Rose, Steven K.] Elect Power Res Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.; Kram, Tom] Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, NL-3720 AH Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[Carter, Timothy R.] Finnish Environm Inst, Helsinki 00251, Finland.
[Emori, Seita; Kainuma, Mikiko] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Mitchell, John F. B.] Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
[Nakicenovic, Nebojsa; Riahi, Keywan] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
[Nakicenovic, Nebojsa] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Stouffer, Ronald J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Weyant, John P.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wilbanks, Thomas J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Moss, RH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM rhm@pnl.gov
RI Thomson, Allison/B-1254-2010; Emori, Seita/D-1950-2012; van Vuuren,
Detlef/A-4764-2009; Riahi, Keywan/B-6426-2011;
OI van Vuuren, Detlef/0000-0003-0398-2831; Riahi,
Keywan/0000-0001-7193-3498; Moss, Richard/0000-0001-5005-0063
NR 87
TC 1580
Z9 1631
U1 130
U2 875
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD FEB 11
PY 2010
VL 463
IS 7282
BP 747
EP 756
DI 10.1038/nature08823
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 553VG
UT WOS:000274394300028
PM 20148028
ER
PT J
AU Hu, SW
Young, SS
Hong, T
Reynolds, JP
Krapels, K
Miller, B
Thomas, J
Nguyen, O
AF Hu, Shuowen
Young, S. Susan
Hong, Tsai
Reynolds, Joseph P.
Krapels, Keith
Miller, Brian
Thomas, Jim
Nguyen, Oanh
TI Super-resolution for flash ladar imagery
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Flash ladar systems are compact devices with high frame rates that hold promise for robotics applications, but these devices suffer from poor spatial resolution. This work develops a wavelet preprocessing stage to enhance registration of multiple frames and applies super-resolution to improve the resolution of flash ladar range imagery. The triangle orientation discrimination methodology was used for a subjective evaluation of the effectiveness of super-resolution for flash ladar. Results show statistically significant increases in the probability of target discrimination at all target ranges, as well as a reduction in subject response times for super-resolved imagery. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Hu, Shuowen; Young, S. Susan] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Hong, Tsai] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Reynolds, Joseph P.; Krapels, Keith; Miller, Brian; Thomas, Jim; Nguyen, Oanh] Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.
RP Hu, SW (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
EM shuowen.hu@arl.army.mil
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 5
BP 772
EP 780
DI 10.1364/AO.49.000772
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 554OK
UT WOS:000274444100004
PM 20154743
ER
PT J
AU Schwing, FB
Mendelssohn, R
Bograd, SJ
Overland, JE
Wang, MY
Ito, S
AF Schwing, Franklin B.
Mendelssohn, Roy
Bograd, Steven J.
Overland, James E.
Wang, Muyin
Ito, Shin-ichi
TI Climate change, teleconnection patterns, and regional processes forcing
marine populations in the Pacific
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Impact of Climate Variability on Marine Ecosystems
CY SEP 04-08, 2006
CL Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist, Berlin, GERMANY
HO Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist
DE Climate change; Teleconnections; Marine ecosystems; Pacific Ocean
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH PACIFIC;
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; REGIME SHIFTS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
SEASONAL INTERACTIONS; GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT; EL-NINO; OCEAN
AB Climate change impacts in large marine ecosystems (LMEs) are driven by global climate variability, often communicated over large distances by atmospheric teleconnections, and modified by the dominant local and regional ocean processes. The focus of this paper is to summarize the key processes and features that characterize the major coastal LMEs of the Pacific, as part of a greater effort to understand the role of past and future global climate change in driving (possibly synchronous) fluctuations in marine populations. The physical setting of five LMEs - the Humboldt Current System (HCS), California Current System (CCS), Gulf of Alaska (GOA), Kuroshio Current System (KCS), and Oyashio Current System (OCS) - and the mechanisms and impacts of climate variability on these systems are described. Because of their pivotal role in linking and perhaps synchronizing climate variability in disparate LMEs, we also review teleconnections and analyze past global atmospheric teleconnections and regional ocean response patterns. The major Pacific eastern boundary current systems, the CCS and HCS, feature similar dominant processes (e.g., coastal upwelling), and share atmospheric forcing from common teleconnection patterns that vary together. Sea level pressure variations forcing the KCS and OCS systems on climate scales, however, are not strongly teleconnected to the CCS and HCS. A common factor analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) within these ecosystems provides an example of how LMEs have responded to past climate variability. All LMEs display a persistent warming tendency since 1900, with multi-decadal fluctuations superimposed. However, SST fluctuations in the western Pacific lag those in the east by about a decade. Global synchrony in climate forcing is modulated by distinct processes within each LME, which reduce the correlation between long-term fluctuations. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Schwing, Franklin B.; Mendelssohn, Roy; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Overland, James E.; Wang, Muyin] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ito, Shin-ichi] Fisheries Res Agcy, Tohoku Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Shiogama City, Miyagi 9850001, Japan.
RP Schwing, FB (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, 1352 Lighthouse Ave, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM Franklin.Schwing@noaa.gov
RI Ito, Shin-ichi/E-2981-2012; Wang, Muyin/K-4006-2014
OI Ito, Shin-ichi/0000-0002-3635-2580;
NR 82
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 245
EP 257
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.11.027
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 536OD
UT WOS:000273052800004
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MY
Overland, JE
Bond, NA
AF Wang, Muyin
Overland, James E.
Bond, Nicholas A.
TI Climate projections for selected large marine ecosystems
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Impact of Climate Variability on Marine Ecosystems
CY SEP 04-08, 2006
CL Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist, Berlin, GERMANY
HO Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist
DE Climate; Ocean projections; PDO; Temperatures; Sea ice; Upwelling
ID BERING-SEA; WEST-COAST; PACIFIC; TEMPERATURE; ICE; RECRUITMENT;
SIMULATIONS; OSCILLATION; SALMON; MODELS
AB In preparation for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) modeling centers from around the world carried out sets of global climate simulations under various emission scenarios with a total of 23 coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models. We evaluated the models' 20th century hindcasts of selected variables relevant to several large marine ecosystems and examined 21st century projections by a subset of these models under the A1B (middle range) emission scenario. In general we find that a subset (about half) of the models are able to simulate large-scale aspects of the historical observations reasonably well, which provides some confidence in their application for projections of ocean conditions into the future. Over the North Pacific by the mid-21st century, the warming due to the trend in wintertime sea surface temperature (SST) will be 1 degrees-1.5 degrees C, which is as large as the amplitude of the major mode of variability, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). For areas northwest of the Hawaiian Islands, these models projected a steady increase of 1.2 degrees C in summer SST over the period from 2000 to 2050. For the Bering and Barents seas, a subset of models selected on the basis of their ability to simulate sea-ice area in late 20th century yield an average decrease in sea-ice coverage of 43% and 36%, respectively, by the decade centered on 2050 with a reasonable degree of consistency. On the other hand, model simulations of coastal upwelling for the California, Canary and Humboldt Currents, and of bottom temperatures in the Barents Sea, feature a relatively large degree of uncertainty. These results illustrate that 21st century projections for marine ecosystems in certain regions using present-generation climate models require additional analysis. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Muyin; Bond, Nicholas A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Wang, MY (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Box 355672, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM muyin.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Muyin/K-4006-2014
NR 26
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 258
EP 266
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.11.028
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 536OD
UT WOS:000273052800005
ER
PT J
AU Overland, JE
Alheit, J
Bakun, A
Hurrell, JW
Mackas, DL
Miller, AJ
AF Overland, James E.
Alheit, Juergen
Bakun, Andrew
Hurrell, James W.
Mackas, David L.
Miller, Arthur J.
TI Climate controls on marine ecosystems and fish populations
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Impact of Climate Variability on Marine Ecosystems
CY SEP 04-08, 2006
CL Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist, Berlin, GERMANY
HO Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist
DE Large marine ecosystems; Climate change; Regime shift; North Atlantic
Oscillation; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Red noise
ID PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SOUTHEASTERN
BERING SEA; REGIME SHIFTS; SST ANOMALIES; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION;
EL-NINO; VARIABILITY; OCEAN; RECRUITMENT
AB This paper discusses large-scale climate variability for several marine ecosystems and suggests types of ecosystem responses to climate change. Our analysis of observations and model results for the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans concludes that most climate variability is accounted for by the combination of intermittent 1-2 year duration events, e.g. the cumulative effect of monthly weather anomalies or the more organized El Nino/La Nina, plus broad-band "red noise" intrinsic variability operating at decadal and longer timescales. While ocean processes such as heat storage and lags due to ocean circulation provide some multi-year memory to the climate system, basic understanding of the mechanisms resulting in observed large decadal variability is lacking and forces the adoption of a "stochastic or red noise" conceptual model of low frequency variability at the present time. Thus we conclude that decadal events with rapid shifts and major departures from climatic means will occur, but their timing cannot be forecast. The responses to climate by biological systems are diverse in character because intervening processes introduce a variety of amplifications, time lags, feedbacks, and non-linearities. Decadal ecosystem variability can involve a variety of climate to ecosystem transfer functions. These can be expected to convert red noise of the physical system to redder (lower frequency) noise of the biological response, but can also convert climatic red noise to more abrupt and discontinuous biological shifts, transient climatic disturbance to prolonged ecosystem recovery, and perhaps transient disturbance to sustained ecosystem regimes. All of these ecosystem response characteristics are likely to be active for at least some locations and time periods, leading to a mix of slow fluctuations, prolonged trends, and step-like changes in ecosystems and fish populations in response to climate change.
Climate variables such as temperatures and winds can have strong teleconnections (large spatial covariability) within individual ocean basins, but between-basin teleconnections, and potential climate-driven biological synchrony over several decades, are usually much weaker and a highly intermittent function of the conditions prevailing at the time within the adjoining basins. As noted in the recent IPCC 4th Assessment Report, a warming trend of ocean surface layers and loss of regional sea ice is likely before 2030, due to addition of greenhouse gases. Combined with large continuing natural climate variability, this will stress ecosystems in ways that they have not encountered for at least 100s of years. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Alheit, Juergen] Inst Ostseeforsch Warnemunde Biol, DE-18119 Warnemunde, Germany.
[Bakun, Andrew] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Pew Inst Ocean Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Hurrell, James W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Mackas, David L.] Fisheries Oceans Canada Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Miller, Arthur J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Overland, JE (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM james.e.overland@noaa.gov
RI Alheit, Jurgen/D-8444-2011;
OI Bakun, Andrew/0000-0002-4366-3846
NR 71
TC 72
Z9 72
U1 5
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 305
EP 315
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.009
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 536OD
UT WOS:000273052800008
ER
PT J
AU Ottersen, G
Kim, S
Huse, G
Polovina, JJ
Stenseth, NC
AF Ottersen, Geir
Kim, Suam
Huse, Geir
Polovina, Jeffrey J.
Stenseth, Nils Chr.
TI Major pathways by which climate may force marine fish populations
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Impact of Climate Variability on Marine Ecosystems
CY SEP 04-08, 2006
CL Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist, Berlin, GERMANY
HO Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist
DE Climate; Fish; Population dynamics; Mechanism; Hypothesis
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; COD GADUS-MORHUA; ARCTO-NORWEGIAN COD;
NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SALMON
ONCORHYNCHUS-KETA; HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; PLANKTON CONTACT RATES; ZONE
CHLOROPHYLL FRONT; SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE
AB Climate may affect marine fish populations through many different pathways, operating at a variety of temporal and spatial scales. Climate impacts may work their way bottom up through the food web or affect higher trophic levels more directly. In this review we try to disentangle and summarize some of the current knowledge made available through the rapidly increasing literature on the topic, with particular emphasis on the work within the Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (GLOBEC) programme. We first consider different classification schemes and hypotheses relating climate through physical features of the ocean to population patterns. The response of a population or community to climate may be linear or non-linear, direct or indirect. The hypotheses may be classified according to the form of physical features in operation as being related to mixing, advection or temperature. The bulk of the paper is devoted to a region-by-region presentation and discussion of examples relating climate variability to marine fish populations. It is slanted towards the North Atlantic and North Pacific, but the tropical Pacific is also covered. By means of different categorization methods we compare climate responses between ecosystems. We conclude that the use of such classification schemes allows for a more precise description of the various ecosystems particular properties and facilitates inter-regional comparison. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ottersen, Geir] Inst Marine Res, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
[Ottersen, Geir; Stenseth, Nils Chr.] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, CEES, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Kim, Suam] Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Pusan 608737, South Korea.
[Huse, Geir] Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
[Polovina, Jeffrey J.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ecosyst & Oceanog Div, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Stenseth, Nils Chr.] Inst Marine Res, Dept Coastal Zone Studies, Flodevigen Res Stn, N-4817 His, Norway.
RP Ottersen, G (reprint author), Inst Marine Res, Gaustadalleen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
EM geir.ottersen@imr.no
RI Ottersen, Geir/F-4393-2014; Stenseth, Nils Chr./G-5212-2016
OI Ottersen, Geir/0000-0002-9453-6679; Stenseth, Nils
Chr./0000-0002-1591-5399
NR 168
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 343
EP 360
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.013
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 536OD
UT WOS:000273052800012
ER
PT J
AU Drinkwater, KF
Beaugrand, G
Kaeriyama, M
Kim, S
Ottersen, G
Perry, RI
Portner, HO
Polovina, JJ
Takasuka, A
AF Drinkwater, Kenneth F.
Beaugrand, Gregory
Kaeriyama, Masahide
Kim, Suam
Ottersen, Geir
Perry, R. Ian
Poertner, Hans-Otto
Polovina, Jeffrey J.
Takasuka, Akinori
TI On the processes linking climate to ecosystem changes
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Impact of Climate Variability on Marine Ecosystems
CY SEP 04-08, 2006
CL Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist, Berlin, GERMANY
HO Alexander VonHuboldy Univ, Museum Nat Hist
DE Climate variability; Climate change; Ecosystem responses; Food webs;
Mechanisms; Physiological effects
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; WESTERN ENGLISH-CHANNEL; SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT BIOGEOGRAPHY; NORTHEAST ARCTIC COD; LONG-TERM
CHANGES; LATITUDINAL COMPENSATION HYPOTHESIS; CONTINUOUS PLANKTON
RECORDER; ANCHOVY ENGRAULIS-JAPONICUS; LUGWORM ARENICOLA-MARINA
AB While documentation of climate effects on marine ecosystems has a long history, the underlying processes have often been elusive. In this paper we review some of the ecosystem responses to climate variability and discuss the possible mechanisms through which climate acts. Effects of climatological and oceanographic variables, such as temperature, sea ice, turbulence, and advection, on marine organisms are discussed in terms of their influence on growth, distribution, reproduction, activity rates, recruitment and mortality. Organisms tend to be limited to specific thermal ranges with experimental findings showing that sufficient oxygen supply by ventilation and circulation only occurs within these ranges. Indirect effects of climate forcing through effects on the food web are also discussed. Research and data needs required to improve our knowledge of the processes linking climate to ecosystem changes are presented along with our assessment of our ability to predict ecosystem responses to future climate change scenarios. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Drinkwater, Kenneth F.] Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
[Drinkwater, Kenneth F.] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
[Beaugrand, Gregory] Univ Lille 1, F-62930 Winereux, France.
[Kaeriyama, Masahide] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Fisheries Sci, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0418611, Japan.
[Kim, Suam] Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Pusan 608737, South Korea.
[Ottersen, Geir] Inst Marine Res, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
[Ottersen, Geir] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, CEES, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Perry, R. Ian] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Poertner, Hans-Otto] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Polovina, Jeffrey J.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ecosyst & Oceanog Div, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Takasuka, Akinori] Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Fisheries Sci, Kanagawa 2368648, Japan.
RP Drinkwater, KF (reprint author), Inst Marine Res, Box 1870, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
EM ken.drinkwater@imr.no
RI Kaeriyama, Masahide/A-8500-2012; Ottersen, Geir/F-4393-2014;
OI Ottersen, Geir/0000-0002-9453-6679; Portner, Hans-O./0000-0001-6535-6575
NR 251
TC 106
Z9 108
U1 1
U2 87
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 374
EP 388
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.014
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 536OD
UT WOS:000273052800014
ER
PT J
AU Raman, B
Joseph, J
Tang, J
Stopfer, M
AF Raman, Baranidharan
Joseph, Joby
Tang, Jeff
Stopfer, Mark
TI Temporally Diverse Firing Patterns in Olfactory Receptor Neurons
Underlie Spatiotemporal Neural Codes for Odors
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCUST ANTENNAL LOBE; NETWORK DYNAMICS; MUSHROOM BODY; BULB;
REPRESENTATIONS; OSCILLATIONS; MODEL; INFORMATION; ASSEMBLIES; SYSTEM
AB Odorants are represented as spatiotemporal patterns of spikes in neurons of the antennal lobe (AL; insects) and olfactory bulb (OB; vertebrates). These response patterns have been thought to arise primarily from interactions within the AL/OB, an idea supported, in part, by the assumption that olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) respond to odorants with simple firing patterns. However, activating the AL directly with simple pulses of current evoked responses in AL neurons that were much less diverse, complex, and enduring than responses elicited by odorants. Similarly, models of the AL driven by simplistic inputs generated relatively simple output. How then are dynamic neural codes for odors generated? Consistent with recent results from several other species, our recordings from locust ORNs showed a great diversity of temporal structure. Furthermore, we found that, viewed as a population, many response features of ORNs were remarkably similar to those observed within the AL. Using a set of computational models constrained by our electrophysiological recordings, we found that the temporal heterogeneity of responses of ORNs critically underlies the generation of spatiotemporal odor codes in the AL. A test then performed in vivo confirmed that, given temporally homogeneous input, the AL cannot create diverse spatiotemporal patterns on its own; however, given temporally heterogeneous input, the AL generated realistic firing patterns. Finally, given the temporally structured input provided by ORNs, we clarified several separate, additional contributions of the AL to olfactory information processing. Thus, our results demonstrate the origin and subsequent reformatting of spatiotemporal neural codes for odors.
C1 [Raman, Baranidharan; Joseph, Joby; Tang, Jeff; Stopfer, Mark] NICHHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Raman, Baranidharan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stopfer, M (reprint author), NICHHD, NIH, Bldg 35,Room 3A-102, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM stopferm@mail.nih.gov
FU Joint National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Research Council;
NIH-National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
FX This work was supported by a Joint National Institutes of Health (NIH),
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering-National
Institute of Standards and Technology postdoctoral Fellowship Award from
the National Research Council (B. R.) and by an intramural grant from
NIH-National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (M. S.). We
thank members of the Stopfer laboratory for helpful discussions and
Maxim Bazhenov for providing an implementation of a map-based model for
neurons. We also thank Kui Sun for excellent animal care.
NR 43
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 15
PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0270-6474
J9 J NEUROSCI
JI J. Neurosci.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 6
BP 1994
EP 2006
DI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5639-09.2010
PG 13
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 553WT
UT WOS:000274398200002
PM 20147528
ER
PT J
AU Crivat, G
Da Silva, SM
Reyes, DR
Locascio, LE
Gaitan, M
Rosenzweig, N
Rosenzweig, Z
AF Crivat, Georgeta
Da Silva, Sandra Maria
Reyes, Darwin R.
Locascio, Laurie E.
Gaitan, Michael
Rosenzweig, Nitsa
Rosenzweig, Zeev
TI Quantum Dot FRET-Based Probes in Thin Films Grown in Microfluidic
Channels
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; PHOTOPHYSICS;
PROTEINS; COATINGS
AB This paper describes the development of new fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based quantum dot probes for proteolytic activity. The CdSe/ZnS quantum dots are incorporated into a thin polymeric film, which is prepared by layer-by-layer deposition of alternately charged polyelectrolytes. The quantum dots, which serve as fluorescent donors, are separated from rhodamine acceptor molecules, which are covalently attached to the film surface by a varying number of polyelectrolyte layers. When excited with visible light, the emission color of the polyelectrolyte multilayer film appears orange due to FRET between the quantum dots and molecular acceptors. The emission color changes to green when the rhodamine molecules are removed from the surface by enzymatic cleavage, The new probe design enables the use of quantum dots in bioassays, in this study for real-time monitoring of trypsin activity, while alleviating concerns about their potential toxicity. Application of these quantum dot FRET-based probes in microfluidic channels enables bioanalysis of volume-limited samples and single-cell studies in an in vivo-like environment.
C1 [Crivat, Georgeta; Da Silva, Sandra Maria; Rosenzweig, Nitsa; Rosenzweig, Zeev] Univ New Orleans, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
[Crivat, Georgeta; Da Silva, Sandra Maria; Rosenzweig, Nitsa; Rosenzweig, Zeev] Univ New Orleans, Adv Mat Res Inst, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
[Crivat, Georgeta; Reyes, Darwin R.; Gaitan, Michael] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Da Silva, Sandra Maria; Locascio, Laurie E.; Rosenzweig, Nitsa] NIST, Div Biomed Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rosenzweig, Z (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
EM zrosenzw@uno.edu
FU NSF [CHE-0717526]
FX This work was supported by NSF Grant CHE-0717526.
NR 17
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD FEB 10
PY 2010
VL 132
IS 5
BP 1460
EP +
DI 10.1021/ja908784b
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 562WB
UT WOS:000275084900008
PM 20073459
ER
PT J
AU Lin, QY
Smeller, M
Heideman, CL
Zschack, P
Koyano, M
Anderson, MD
Kykyneshi, R
Keszler, DA
Anderson, IM
Johnson, DC
AF Lin, Qiyin
Smeller, Mary
Heideman, Colby L.
Zschack, Paul
Koyano, Mikio
Anderson, Michael D.
Kykyneshi, Robert
Keszler, Douglas A.
Anderson, Ian M.
Johnson, David C.
TI Rational Synthesis and Characterization of a New Family of Low Thermal
Conductivity Misfit Layer Compounds [(PbSe)(0.99)](m)(WSe2)(n)
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID BAND-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; COMPOSITE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES;
PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; CHROMIUM SULFIDE; RAMAN-SCATTERING;
CHARGE-TRANSFER; SPECTROSCOPY
AB We describe here a general synthesis approach for the preparation of new families of misfit layer compounds and demonstrate its effectiveness through the preparation of the first 64 members of the [(PbSe)(0.99)](m) (WSe2)(n) family of compounds, where in and it are integers that were systematically varied from 1 to 8. The new Compounds [(PbSc)(1+y)](m) (WSe2)(n) were synthesized by annealing reactant precursors containing 177 layers of alternating elemental Pb and Se followed by it layers ofalternating elemental W and Se, in which the thickness of each pair of elemental layers was calibrated to yield a structural bilayer of rock salt structured PbSe and a trilayer of hexagonal WSe2. The compounds are kinetically trapped by the similarity of the composition profiles and modulation lengths in the precursor and the targeted compounds. The structural evolution from initial reactant of layer elements to crystalline misfit layer compounds was tracked using X-ray diffraction. The crystal structures of new compounds were probed using both analytical electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The c-axis of the misfit layer compound is perpendicular to the Substrate, with a c-axis lattice parameter that changes linearly with a slope of 0.612-0.615 nm as in is changed and n is held constant and with a slope of 0.654-0.656 nm as it is varied and m is held constant. The in-plane lattice parameters did not change as the individual layer thicknesses were increased and a misfit parameter of y = -0.01 was calculated, the first negative misfit parameter among known misfit layer compounds. Analytical electron microscopy images and X-ray diffraction data collected on mixed hkl reflections revealed rotational (turbostratic) disorder of the a-b planes.
C1 [Smeller, Mary; Heideman, Colby L.; Anderson, Michael D.; Johnson, David C.] Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Lin, Qiyin] Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Zschack, Paul] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Anderson, Michael D.; Anderson, Ian M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kykyneshi, Robert; Keszler, Douglas A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, 1253 Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research [N0014-07-1-0358]; National Science Foundation
through the IGERT [DGE-0549503]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National
Science Foundation through CC [CHE-0847970]
FX This work was supported through the Office of Naval Research
(N0014-07-1-0358). Coauthors C.L.H. and M.D.A. were supported by the
National Science Foundation through the IGERT grant (DGE-0549503). The
use of the APS was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract number
DE-AC02-06CH11357. Coauthors R.K. and D.A.K. acknowledge support from
the National Science Foundation through CCI grant number CHE-0847970. We
wish to acknowledge and thank Dr. Andrew Herzing of NIST for help with
acquiring the high-resolution STEM images.
NR 46
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 5
U2 59
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD FEB 9
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 3
BP 1002
EP 1009
DI 10.1021/cm901952v
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 549YE
UT WOS:000274089600047
ER
PT J
AU Bentlage, B
Cartwright, P
Yanagihara, AA
Lewis, C
Richards, GS
Collins, AG
AF Bentlage, Bastian
Cartwright, Paulyn
Yanagihara, Angel A.
Lewis, Cheryl
Richards, Gemma S.
Collins, Allen G.
TI Evolution of box jellyfish (Cnidaria: Cubozoa), a group of highly toxic
invertebrates
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Cubozoa; box jellyfish; Irukandji; systematics; biogeography;
phylogeography
ID CARYBDEA-SIVICKISI CNIDARIA; IRUKANDJI-SYNDROME; LIFE-CYCLE; SEA WASP;
PARTIAL-PURIFICATION; FATAL ENVENOMATION; CHIRONEX-FLECKERI; PROTEIN
TOXIN; HABU-KURAGE; VENOM
AB Cubozoa (Cnidaria: Medusozoa) represents a small clade of approximately 50 described species, some of which cause serious human envenomations. Our understanding of the evolutionary history of Cubozoa has been limited by the lack of a sound phylogenetic hypothesis for the group. Here, we present a comprehensive cubozoan phylogeny based on ribosomal genes coding for near-complete nuclear 18S (small subunit) and 28S (large subunit) and partial mitochondrial 16S. We discuss the implications of this phylogeny for our understanding of cubozoan venom evolution, biogeography and life-history evolution. Our phylogenetic hypothesis suggests that: (i) the last common ancestor of Carybdeida probably possessed the mechanism(s) underlying Irukandji syndrome, (ii) deep divergences between Atlantic and Indo-Pacific clades may be explained by ancient vicariant events, and (iii) sexual dimorphism evolved a single time in concert with complex sexual behaviour. Furthermore, several cubozoan taxa are either para-or polyphyletic, and we address some of these taxonomic issues by designating a new family, Carukiidae, a new genus, Copula, and by redefining the families Tamoyidae and Tripedaliidae. Lastly, cubozoan species identities have long been misunderstood and the data presented here support many of the recent scientific descriptions of cubozoan species. However, the results of a phylogeographic analysis of Alatina moseri from Hawai'i and Alatina mordens from Australia indicate that these two nominal species represent a single species that has maintained metapopulation cohesion by natural or anthropogenic dispersal.
C1 [Bentlage, Bastian; Cartwright, Paulyn] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Bentlage, Bastian; Lewis, Cheryl; Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Natl Systemat Lab, NMFS, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Yanagihara, Angel A.] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Biomed Res Ctr, Bekesy Lab Neurobiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Richards, Gemma S.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Bentlage, B (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1200 Sunnyside Ave, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM bentlage@ku.edu
RI Collins, Allen/A-7944-2008; Yanagihara, Angel/O-5664-2016
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691; Yanagihara,
Angel/0000-0001-6908-8176
FU US NSF Assembling the Tree of Life [EF-053179]; PADI Foundation
FX We thank the following for assistance in the field, facilitation of
museum studies, donation of specimens and/or sharing of knowledge: A. C.
Arneson, the Australian Volunteer Coastguard Association-Townsville
Flotilla, K. Bayha, T. Beukes, T. Coffer, Jen Collins, John Collins, M.
Daly, M. N. Dawson, M. Ekins, N. M. Evans, P. J. Fenner, L. Gershwin, B.
Gillan, G. C. Gray, the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, L.
Gusmao, R. Helm, J. O'Keefe, M. Kawahara, S. Keable, S. Kubota, D.
Lindsay, A. E. Migotto, A. C. Morandini, P. & L. Richards, R. Satterlie,
the Two Oceans Aquarium. M. Migita and the Watanuki family kindly
translated the original description of C. brevipedalia. We gratefully
acknowledge J. Seymour and T. Carrette who provided many of the samples
included in our analyses. Thanks to A. M. Nawrocki for collecting a
specimen and helping with multi-threaded ML analyses. Two anonymous
reviewers provided constructive criticisms that improved the manuscript
significantly. Collections and technical staff of the National Museum of
Natural History and the National Systematics Lab of NOAA's Fisheries
Service provided assistance with handling and cataloguing voucher
specimens, extraction of some DNA and amplification and sequencing of
some genetic markers. Funding was provided through US NSF Assembling the
Tree of Life grant EF-053179 to P. C., A. G. C. and D. Fautin and a PADI
Foundation grant to B. B.
NR 76
TC 33
Z9 43
U1 9
U2 81
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD FEB 7
PY 2010
VL 277
IS 1680
BP 493
EP 501
DI 10.1098/rspb.2009.1707
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 535WB
UT WOS:000273001500020
PM 19923131
ER
PT J
AU Kidston, J
Dean, SM
Renwick, JA
Vallis, GK
AF Kidston, J.
Dean, S. M.
Renwick, J. A.
Vallis, G. K.
TI A robust increase in the eddy length scale in the simulation of future
climates
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BETA-PLANE; CIRCULATION; TROPOPAUSE; HEIGHT; GCM
AB Output from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 3 are analysed. It is shown that for the 'A2' business as usual scenario, every model exhibits an increase in the eddy length scale in the future compared with the simulation of 20th Century climate. The increase in length scale is on the order of 5% by the end of the 21st century, and the Southern Hemisphere exhibits a larger increase than the Northern Hemisphere. The inter-model variability in the increase in the eddy length scale is correlated with the variability in the increase in dry static stability at 700 hPa. Inspection of the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data indicates that the eddy length scale in the Southern Hemisphere may have increased in recent decades. Citation: Kidston, J., S. M. Dean, J. A. Renwick, and G. K. Vallis (2010), A robust increase in the eddy length scale in the simulation of future climates, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L03806, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041615.
C1 [Kidston, J.; Vallis, G. K.] Princeton Univ, Atmosphere & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Kidston, J.; Vallis, G. K.] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Kidston, J.; Dean, S. M.; Renwick, J. A.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Kidston, J.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Wellington, New Zealand.
RP Kidston, J (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmosphere & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM joseph.kidston@noaa.gov
RI Dean, Sam/F-7711-2011;
OI Renwick, James/0000-0002-9141-2486
FU NOAA [NA07OAR4310320]
FX We thank Isaac Held and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments
on previous versions of this manuscript. J. Kidston and G. K. Vallis
were partially supported by NOAA grant NA07OAR4310320.
NR 15
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD FEB 6
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L03806
DI 10.1029/2009GL041615
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 553HG
UT WOS:000274356500002
ER
PT J
AU Thornberry, T
Froyd, KD
Murphy, DM
Thomson, DS
Anderson, BE
Thornhill, KL
Winstead, EL
AF Thornberry, T.
Froyd, K. D.
Murphy, D. M.
Thomson, D. S.
Anderson, B. E.
Thornhill, K. L.
Winstead, E. L.
TI Persistence of organic carbon in heated aerosol residuals measured
during Tropical Composition Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYZER; VOLATILITY MEASUREMENTS;
MASS-SPECTROMETER; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC NUCLEI; PARTICLE
ANALYSIS; INSTRUMENT; THERMODENUDER; FRACTIONS; POLLUTION
AB The Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry (PALMS) single particle mass spectrometer was used to analyze the composition of the nonvolatile fraction of atmospheric aerosol in a number of different environments. The mass spectra of individual particles sampled through an inlet section heated to 300 degrees C were compared to unheated particles during flights of the NASA DC-8 aircraft during the Tropical Composition Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission. Comparisons are presented of measurements made in the marine boundary layer, the free troposphere, and the continental boundary layer over the Colombian jungle. The heated section completely removed sulfate from the aerosols except for sodium sulfate and related compounds in sea salt particles. Organic material in sea salt particles was observed to be less volatile than chlorine. Biomass burning particles were more likely to survive heating than other mixed sulfate-organic particles. For all particle types, there was a significant contribution to the residues from carbonaceous material other than elemental carbon. These results demonstrate the remaining compositional complexity of aerosol residuals that survive heating in a thermal denuder.
C1 [Thornberry, T.; Froyd, K. D.; Murphy, D. M.; Thomson, D. S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Thornberry, T.; Froyd, K. D.; Thomson, D. S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Anderson, B. E.; Thornhill, K. L.; Winstead, E. L.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Thornberry, T (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM troy.thornberry@noaa.gov
RI Murphy, Daniel/J-4357-2012; Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013; Thornberry,
Troy/H-7106-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Murphy, Daniel/0000-0002-8091-7235;
FU NOAA Climate and Global Change Program; NASA Science Mission Directorate
FX We wish to thank the managers and crew of the NASA DC-8 for their
support and accommodation during the TC4 mission. This work was
supported by NOAA Climate and Global Change Program funding and by a
grant from the NASA Science Mission Directorate.
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD FEB 5
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D00J02
DI 10.1029/2009JD012721
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 553HP
UT WOS:000274357400003
ER
PT J
AU Deng, L
Payne, MG
Hagley, EW
AF Deng, L.
Payne, M. G.
Hagley, E. W.
TI Electromagnetic Wave Dynamics in Matter-Wave Superradiant Scattering
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; PHASE-COHERENT AMPLIFICATION;
LIGHT-SCATTERING; RAYLEIGH-SCATTERING
AB We present a small-signal wave propagation theory on matter-wave superradiant scattering. We show, in a longitudinally excited condensate, that the backward-propagating, superradiantly generated optical field propagates with ultraslow group velocity and that the small-signal gain profile has a Bragg resonance. We further show a unidirectional suppression of optical superradiant scattering, and explain why matter-wave superradiance can occur only when the pump laser is red detuned. This is the first analytical theory on field propagation in matter-wave superradiance that can explain all matter-wave superradiance experiments to date that used a single-frequency, long-pulse, red-detuned laser.
C1 [Deng, L.; Payne, M. G.; Hagley, E. W.] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Deng, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Phys & Math, Ctr Cold Atom Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
RP Deng, L (reprint author), NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Deng, Lu/B-3997-2012; Hagley, Edward/B-4285-2012
NR 22
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD FEB 5
PY 2010
VL 104
IS 5
AR 050402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.050402
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 553AM
UT WOS:000274336800002
PM 20366750
ER
PT J
AU Knoop, S
Ferlaino, F
Berninger, M
Mark, M
Nagerl, HC
Grimm, R
D'Incao, JP
Esry, BD
AF Knoop, S.
Ferlaino, F.
Berninger, M.
Mark, M.
Naegerl, H.-C.
Grimm, R.
D'Incao, J. P.
Esry, B. D.
TI Magnetically Controlled Exchange Process in an Ultracold Atom-Dimer
Mixture
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCATTERING LENGTH; MOLECULES; SYSTEMS; GAS
AB We report on the observation of an elementary exchange process in an optically trapped ultracold sample of atoms and Feshbach molecules. We can magnetically control the energetic nature of the process and tune it from endoergic to exoergic, enabling the observation of a pronounced threshold behavior. In contrast to relaxation to more deeply bound molecular states, the exchange process does not lead to trap loss. We find excellent agreement between our experimental observations and calculations based on the solutions of three-body Schrodinger equation in the adiabatic hyperspherical representation. The high efficiency of the exchange process is explained by the halo character of both the initial and final molecular states.
C1 [Knoop, S.; Ferlaino, F.; Berninger, M.; Mark, M.; Naegerl, H.-C.; Grimm, R.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Knoop, S.; Ferlaino, F.; Berninger, M.; Mark, M.; Naegerl, H.-C.; Grimm, R.] Univ Innsbruck, Zentrum Quantenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Grimm, R.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantenopt & Quanteninformat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[D'Incao, J. P.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[D'Incao, J. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Esry, B. D.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Knoop, S (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany.
RI Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph/E-7329-2010; D'Incao, Jose/B-1289-2010; Grimm,
Rudolf/D-2864-2009; Ferlaino, francesca/E-6726-2012; Esry,
Brett/H-7511-2013; Knoop, Steven/N-6919-2013
OI Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph/0000-0002-7789-4431; Grimm,
Rudolf/0000-0003-1085-5558; Esry, Brett/0000-0003-3207-8526; Knoop,
Steven/0000-0002-5090-6295
FU FWF; U. S. NSF
FX Commission. F. F. was supported within the Lise Meitner program of the
FWF. J. P. D. and B. D. E. acknowledge support from U. S. NSF.
NR 32
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD FEB 5
PY 2010
VL 104
IS 5
AR 053201
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.053201
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 553AM
UT WOS:000274336800011
PM 20366759
ER
PT J
AU Sunda, WG
AF Sunda, William G.
TI Iron and the Carbon Pump
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; SPECIATION; WATERS
C1 NOAA, Beaufort Lab, Natl Ocean Serv, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Sunda, WG (reprint author), NOAA, Beaufort Lab, Natl Ocean Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM bill.sunda@noaa.gov
NR 16
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 36
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD FEB 5
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5966
BP 654
EP 655
DI 10.1126/science.1186151
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 551ZD
UT WOS:000274251800027
PM 20133563
ER
PT J
AU Guo, Y
Bandaru, V
Jaruga, P
Zhao, XB
Burrows, CJ
Iwai, S
Dizdaroglu, M
Bond, JP
Wallace, SS
AF Guo, Yin
Bandaru, Viswanath
Jaruga, Pawel
Zhao, Xiaobei
Burrows, Cynthia J.
Iwai, Shigenori
Dizdaroglu, Miral
Bond, Jeffrey P.
Wallace, Susan S.
TI The oxidative DNA glycosylases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibit
different substrate preferences from their Escherichia coli counterparts
SO DNA REPAIR
LA English
DT Article
DE Base excision repair; Oxidative DNA glycosylases; Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
ID BASE-EXCISION-REPAIR; ENDONUCLEASE-VIII; FPG PROTEIN; DAMAGED DNA;
THYMINE GLYCOL; OXIDIZED BASES; LESIONS SPIROIMINODIHYDANTOIN;
STEREOSELECTIVE EXCISION; HYDANTOIN PRODUCTS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS
AB The DNA glycosylases that remove oxidized DNA bases fall into two general families: the Fpg/Nei family and the Nth superfamily. Based on protein sequence alignments, we identified four putative Fpg/Nei family members, as well as a putative Nth protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. All four Fpg/Nei proteins were successfully overexpressed using a bicistronic vector created in our laboratory. The MtuNth protein was also overexpressed in soluble form. The substrate specificities of the purified enzymes were characterized in vitro with oligodeoxynucleotide substrates containing single lesions. Some were further characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of products released from gamma-irradiated DNA. MtuFpg1 has substrate specificity similar to that of EcoFpg. Both EcoFpg and MtuFpg1 are more efficient at removing spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) than 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). However, MtuFpg1 shows a substantially increased opposite base discrimination compared to EcoFpg. MtuFpg2 contains only the C-terminal domain of an Fpg protein and has no detectable DNA binding activity or DNA glycosylase/lyase activity and thus appears to be a pseudogene. MtuNei1 recognizes oxidized pyrimidines on both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA and exhibits uracil DNA glycosylase activity. MtuNth recognizes a variety of oxidized bases, including urea, 5,6-dihydrouracil (DHU), 5-hydroxyuracil (5-OHU), 5-hydroxycytosine (5-OHC) and methylhydantoin (MeHyd). Both MtuNei1 and MtuNth excise thymine glycol (Tg); however, MtuNei1 strongly prefers the (5R) isomers, whereas MtuNth recognizes only the (5S) isomers. MtuNei2 did not demonstrate activity in vitro as a recombinant protein, but like MtuNei1 when expressed in Escherichia coli, it decreased the spontaneous mutation frequency of both the fpg mutY nei triple and nei nth double mutants, suggesting that MtuNei2 is functionally active in vivo recognizing both guanine and cytosine oxidation products. The kinetic parameters of the MtuFpg1, MtuNei1 and MtuNth proteins on selected substrates were also determined and compared to those of their E. coli homologs. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guo, Yin; Bandaru, Viswanath; Bond, Jeffrey P.; Wallace, Susan S.] Univ Vermont, Markey Ctr Mol Genet, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Jaruga, Pawel; Dizdaroglu, Miral] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jaruga, Pawel] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Coll Med, Dept Clin Biochem, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
[Zhao, Xiaobei; Burrows, Cynthia J.] Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Iwai, Shigenori] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Div Chem, Osaka 5608531, Japan.
RP Wallace, SS (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Markey Ctr Mol Genet, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Stafford Hall,95 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
EM debra.stern@uvm.edu
RI Zhao, Xiaobei/E-7485-2012; Jaruga, Pawel/M-4378-2015;
OI Wallace, Susan S./0000-0002-3906-0321
FU National Institutes of Health [PO1 CA098993]; National Cancer Institute;
DOE EPSCoR [DE-F602-OOER45828]
FX We thank Dr. Nadine Honor and Dr. Karin Eiglmeier of Institute Pasteur,
Paris, France, for generously providing the genomic DNA of M.
tuberculosis H37Rv and Dr. Hiroshi Ide of Hiroshima University for
connecting us with Dr. Iwai who provided the thymine glycol isomers.
Moreover, we would like to thank Wendy Cooper and Alicia Holmes for
their help in protein purification. We also thank Dr. Sylvie Doublie and
April Averill for helpful suggestions on protein expression and
purification. We are grateful to Jeffrey Blaisdell and Dr. Scott Kathe
for determining the active fractions of all the control enzymes as well
as helpful discussion in terms of enzyme kinetics. We also appreciate
the generous help of Drs. Stephanie Duclos, Pierre Aller, Matthew Hogg,
Dorothy Pumo, as well as that of Ramiro Barrantes-Reynolds and Minmin
Liu. The study was supported by National Institutes of Health grant PO1
CA098993 awarded by the National Cancer Institute. Yin Guo was supported
by a research fellowship from DOE EPSCoR DE-F602-OOER45828.
NR 80
TC 21
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-7864
J9 DNA REPAIR
JI DNA Repair
PD FEB 4
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 177
EP 190
DI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.11.008
PG 14
WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 563PB
UT WOS:000275143900010
PM 20031487
ER
PT J
AU Hattrick-Simpers, JR
Wang, K
Cao, L
Chiu, C
Heilweil, E
Downing, RG
Bendersky, LA
AF Hattrick-Simpers, Jason R.
Wang, Ke
Cao, Lei
Chiu, Chun
Heilweil, Edwin
Downing, Robert Gregory
Bendersky, Leonid A.
TI Observation of phase transitions in hydrogenated Yttrium films via
normalized infrared emissivity
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen storage; Yttrium hydride; IR emissivity
ID HYDRIDE FILMS; DIFFUSION; DEUTERIUM
AB The direct observation of a sequence of phase transitions during hydrogenation of Y thin films has been realized through the use of in situ isothermal infrared emissivity measurements. The formation of different phases, alpha-Y(H), YH(2) and YH(3). has been identified based on the observation of changes in the slope of the normalized IR emissivity vs. time curve during hydrogen loading. The presence of alpha-Y(H), YH(2) and YH(3) was confirmed by ex situ X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and prompt gamma activation analysis. Transmission electron microscopy further demonstrated epitaxial orientation relationships between the Al(2)O(3) substrate, Ti buffer layer, the as-deposited Y film, as well as its hydrides. These results clearly demonstrate the power of IR emissivity imaging to monitor, in real time, the formation of hydride phases of both metallic and insulating character near the surface of a thin-film sample. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hattrick-Simpers, Jason R.; Wang, Ke; Chiu, Chun; Bendersky, Leonid A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cao, Lei; Downing, Robert Gregory] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heilweil, Edwin] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cao, Lei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Hattrick-Simpers, JR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jhsimper@nist.gov
RI Wang, Ke/C-8021-2011; Cao, Lei/B-3254-2012
OI Cao, Lei/0000-0003-4018-9496
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD FEB 4
PY 2010
VL 490
IS 1-2
BP 42
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.054
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 559PV
UT WOS:000274839100022
ER
PT J
AU Leibfried, D
AF Leibfried, Dietrich
TI Could a boom in technologies trap Feynman's simulator?
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Leibfried, D (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dil@boulder.nist.gov
NR 1
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD FEB 4
PY 2010
VL 463
IS 7281
BP 608
EP 608
DI 10.1038/463608b
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 551GB
UT WOS:000274193900014
PM 20130629
ER
PT J
AU Hickey, BM
Kudela, RM
Nash, JD
Bruland, KW
Peterson, WT
MacCready, P
Lessard, EJ
Jay, DA
Banas, NS
Baptista, AM
Dever, EP
Kosro, PM
Kilcher, LK
Horner-Devine, AR
Zaron, ED
McCabe, RM
Peterson, JO
Orton, PM
Pan, J
Lohan, MC
AF Hickey, B. M.
Kudela, R. M.
Nash, J. D.
Bruland, K. W.
Peterson, W. T.
MacCready, P.
Lessard, E. J.
Jay, D. A.
Banas, N. S.
Baptista, A. M.
Dever, E. P.
Kosro, P. M.
Kilcher, L. K.
Horner-Devine, A. R.
Zaron, E. D.
McCabe, R. M.
Peterson, J. O.
Orton, P. M.
Pan, J.
Lohan, M. C.
TI River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems: Introduction and synthesis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Review
ID HIGHLY STRATIFIED ESTUARY; 3D BAROCLINIC CIRCULATION; COASTAL UPWELLING
REGIMES; CROSS-SCALE MODEL; COLUMBIA RIVER; CALIFORNIA CURRENT;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; RESIDUAL CIRCULATION; SHALLOW
ESTUARIES
AB River Influences on Shelf Ecosystems (RISE) is the first comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the rates and dynamics governing the mixing of river and coastal waters in an eastern boundary current system, as well as the effects of the resultant plume on phytoplankton standing stocks, growth and grazing rates, and community structure. The RISE Special Volume presents results deduced from four field studies and two different numerical model applications, including an ecosystem model, on the buoyant plume originating from the Columbia River. This introductory paper provides background information on variability during RISE field efforts as well as a synthesis of results, with particular attention to the questions and hypotheses that motivated this research. RISE studies have shown that the maximum mixing of Columbia River and ocean water occurs primarily near plume liftoff inside the estuary and in the near field of the plume. Most plume nitrate originates from upwelled shelf water, and plume phytoplankton species are typically the same as those found in the adjacent coastal ocean. River-supplied nitrate can help maintain the ecosystem during periods of delayed upwelling. The plume inhibits iron limitation, but nitrate limitation is observed in aging plumes. The plume also has significant effects on rates of primary productivity and growth (higher in new plume water) and microzooplankton grazing (lower in the plume near field and north of the river mouth); macrozooplankton concentration (enhanced at plume fronts); offshelf chlorophyll export; as well as the development of a chlorophyll "shadow zone'' off northern Oregon.
C1 [Hickey, B. M.; MacCready, P.; Lessard, E. J.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Jay, D. A.; Zaron, E. D.; Pan, J.] Portland State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Lohan, M. C.] Univ Plymouth, SEOS, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
[McCabe, R. M.] Univ New S Wales, Dept Aviat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Orton, P. M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Earth Inst, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Peterson, W. T.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Banas, N. S.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Baptista, A. M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Sci & Technol Ctr Coastal Margin Observat & Predi, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA.
[Kudela, R. M.; Bruland, K. W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Nash, J. D.; Dever, E. P.; Kosro, P. M.; Kilcher, L. K.; Peterson, J. O.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Hickey, BM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM bhickey@u.washington.edu
RI Orton, Philip/A-9791-2010; Banas, Neil/C-8565-2015;
OI Lohan, Maeve/0000-0002-5340-3108; Horner-Devine,
Alexander/0000-0003-2323-7150; Baptista, Antonio/0000-0002-7641-5937;
Banas, Neil/0000-0002-1892-9497; Kosro, P. Michael/0000-0003-3693-2558
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-0239089, OCE-0238347,
OCE-0238021, OCE-0238727, OCE-0237710, OCE-0622278, OCE-0239072,
OCE-0239107, OCE-0424602]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and the Bonneville Power Administration
FX This summary was supported by grant OCE-0239089 to B. Hickey, P.
MacCready, and E. Lessard; OCE-0238347 to K. Bruland and R. Kudela;
OCE-0238021 to E. Dever; OCE-0238727 to J. Nash and J. Moum; OCE-0237710
to M. Kosro; OCE-0622278 and OCE-0239072 to D. Jay and A. Baptista; and
OCE-0239107 to W. Peterson from the National Science Foundation (NSF) as
part of the Coastal Ocean Processes RISE Program. The CORIE/SATURN
observation and prediction system is scientific infrastructure of the
NSF Science and Technology Center for Coastal Margin Observation and
Prediction (OCE-0424602) and is also partially supported by regional
stakeholders, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and the Bonneville Power Administration. The authors
would like to thank the captains and crews of the R/V Wecoma and Pt. Sur
for their outstanding support of this research. RISE would not have been
successful without the combined efforts of numerous staff and students
from each of the research teams; in particular, Nancy Kachel, Susan
Geier, Mike Foy, Megan Bernhardt, David Darr, Sherry Palacios, Misty
Blakely, Bettina Sohst, Geoffrey Smith, and Keith Leffler. This is
contribution 48 of the RISE program. The statements, findings,
conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of NSF.
NR 120
TC 66
Z9 66
U1 3
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD FEB 3
PY 2010
VL 115
AR C00B17
DI 10.1029/2009JC005452
PG 26
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 553HU
UT WOS:000274357900002
ER
PT J
AU Barberis-Blostein, P
Norris, DG
Orozco, LA
Carmichael, HJ
AF Barberis-Blostein, P.
Norris, D. G.
Orozco, L. A.
Carmichael, H. J.
TI From quantum feedback to probabilistic error correction: manipulation of
quantum beats in cavity QED
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; OPTICAL CAVITY; SINGLE-ATOM; COHERENCE
AB It is shown how one can implement quantum feedback and probabilistic error correction in an open quantum system consisting of a single atom, with ground- and excited-state Zeeman structure, in a driven two-mode optical cavity. The ground-state superposition is manipulated and controlled through conditional measurements and external fields, which shield the coherence and correct quantum errors. Modeling an experimentally realistic situation demonstrates the robustness of the proposal for realization in the laboratory.
C1 [Norris, D. G.; Orozco, L. A.; Carmichael, H. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Norris, D. G.; Orozco, L. A.; Carmichael, H. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Barberis-Blostein, P.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Matemat Aplicadas & Sistemas, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Carmichael, H. J.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland, New Zealand.
RP Orozco, LA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM lorozco@umd.edu
RI Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD/H-4494-2011
FU CONACYT, Mexico; NSF of the United States; Marsden Fund of RSNZ of New
Zealand
FX This work was supported by CONACYT, Mexico, NSF of the United States,
and the Marsden Fund of RSNZ of New Zealand.
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD FEB 3
PY 2010
VL 12
AR 023002
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/12/2/023002
PG 13
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 551XS
UT WOS:000274247300002
ER
PT J
AU DelRio, FW
Steffens, KL
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Cook, RF
AF DelRio, Frank W.
Steffens, Kristen L.
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel A.
Cook, Robert F.
TI Elastic, Adhesive, and Charge Transport Properties of a
Metal-Molecule-Metal Junction: The Role of Molecular Orientation, Order,
and Coverage
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT
MONOLAYERS; CHAIN-LENGTH DEPENDENCE; THIN INSULATING FILM;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS; MICROMACHINED SURFACES;
FRICTIONAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL CONTACTS
AB The elastic, adhesive, and charge transport properties of a metal-molecule-metal junction were studied via conducting-probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) and correlated with molecular structure by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The junctions consisted of Co-Cr-coated AFM tips in contact with methyl-terminated alkanethiols (CH3(CH2)(n-1)SH, denoted by C-n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecular chain) on Au substrates. AFM contact data were analyzed with the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov contact model, modified by a first-order elastic perturbation method to account for substrate effects, and a parabolic tunneling model, appropriate for a metal-insulator-metal junction in which the thickness of the insulator is comparable to the Fermi wavelength of the conducting electrons. NEXAFS carbon K-edge spectra were used to compute the dichroic ratio R-1 for each Film, which provided a quantitative measure of the molecular structure as a function of n. As it decreased from IS to 5, there was a change in the molecular phase from crystalline to amorphous (R-t -> 0)and loss of surface coverage, and as a result, the work of adhesion w increased from 82.8 mJ m(-2) to 168.3 mJ m(-2), the Young's modulus of the film E-film decreased from 1.0 to 0.15 GPa. and the tunneling barrier height phi(0) - E-F decreased from 2.4 to 2.1 eV. For all n, the harrier thickness t decreased for small applied loads F and remained constant at similar to 2.2 run for large F The change in behavior was explained by the presence of two insulating layers: an oxide layer on the Co-Cr tip, and the alkanethiol monolayer on the Au surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of an oxide layer on the Co-Cr tip, and by performing high-resolution region scans through the film, the thickness of the oxide layer t(oxide) was found to be between 1.9 and 3.9 nm. Finally, it was shown that phi(0) - E-F is strain-dependent, and the strain at which the film is completely displaced from under the tip is -0.17 for all values of n.
C1 [DelRio, Frank W.; Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel A.; Cook, Robert F.] NIST, Div Ceram, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Steffens, Kristen L.] NIST, Proc Measurements Div, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP DelRio, FW (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM frank.delrio@nist.gov
NR 100
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD FEB 2
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 3
BP 1688
EP 1699
DI 10.1021/la902653n
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 546SM
UT WOS:000273831700059
PM 19839640
ER
PT J
AU Pande, CS
McFadden, GB
AF Pande, C. S.
McFadden, G. B.
TI Self-similar grain size distribution in three dimensions: A stochastic
treatment
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Grain growth; Modelling; Theory
ID GROWTH; BOUNDARIES; SIMULATION; EVOLUTION; MODEL
AB In this paper, a stochastic formulation of three-dimensional grain growth is presented. This formulation employs the recent extension of the von Neumann law to three dimensions, and leads to a Fokker-Planck equation for the size distribution. The self-similar solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation presented here are based on the assumption of quasi-stationary distributions reached in the long time limit. The resulting grain size distributions, obtained both numerically and analytically, are shown to be in good agreement with each other and also with those obtained from computer simulations, indicating the validity of the stochastic approach. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia, Inc.
C1 [McFadden, G. B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pande, C. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP McFadden, GB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg 820,Room 365,100 Bur Dr Stop 8910, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mcfadden@nist.gov
RI McFadden, Geoffrey/A-7920-2008
OI McFadden, Geoffrey/0000-0001-6723-2103
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work is supported in part by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 3
BP 1037
EP 1044
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.10.020
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 558SH
UT WOS:000274765600030
ER
PT J
AU Winchester, MR
Sturgeon, RE
Costa-Fernandez, JM
AF Winchester, Michael R.
Sturgeon, Ralph E.
Manuel Costa-Fernandez, Jose
TI Chemical characterization of engineered nanoparticles
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Winchester, Michael R.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sturgeon, Ralph E.] Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Natl Measurement Stand, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Manuel Costa-Fernandez, Jose] Univ Oviedo, Dept Phys & Analyt Chem, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain.
RP Winchester, MR (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mwinchester@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 7
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 396
IS 3
BP 951
EP 952
DI 10.1007/s00216-009-3355-y
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 546WN
UT WOS:000273845200001
PM 20024531
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, GJ
Walker, ARH
AF Cheng, Guangjun
Walker, A. R. Hight
TI Transmission electron microscopy characterization of colloidal copper
nanoparticles and their chemical reactivity
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Copper nanoparticles; Copper oxide nanoparticles; Copper sulfide
nanoplates; Kirkendall effect; Nanoplates; Transmission electron
microscopy
ID NANOCRYSTAL SYNTHESIS; COBALT NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOCRYSTALS; SMALL
PARTICLES; SHAPE; ASSEMBLIES; SIZE; NANOSCALE; CHEMISTRY; NANOCUBES
AB A colloidal synthesis method was developed to produce face centered cubic (fcc) Cu nanoparticles in the presence of surfactants in an organic solvent under an Ar environment. Various synthetic conditions were explored to control the size of the as-prepared nanoparticles by changing the precursor, varying the amount of surfactants, and tuning the reaction temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected-area electron diffraction, and high-resolution TEM were used as the main characterization tools. Upon exposure to air, these nanoparticles are oxidized at different levels depending on their sizes: ( 1) an inhomogeneous layer of fcc Cu2O forms at the surface of Cu nanoparticles ( about 30 nm); ( 2) Cu nanoparticles ( about 5 nm) are immediately oxidized into fcc Cu2O nanoparticles ( about 6 nm). The occurrence of these different levels of oxidization demonstrates the reactive nature of Cu nanoparticles and the effect of size on their reactivity. Furthermore, utilization of their chemical reactivity and conversion of spherical Cu nanoparticles into CuS nanoplates through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect were demonstrated. The oxidization and sulfidation of Cu nanoparticles were compared. Different diffusion and growth behaviors were involved in these two chemical transformations, resulting in the formation of isotropic Cu2O nanoparticles during oxidization and anisotropic CuS nanoplates during sulfidation.
C1 [Cheng, Guangjun; Walker, A. R. Hight] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cheng, GJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM guangjun.cheng@nist.gov
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
FU Maryland NanoCenter and its NispLab; NSF
FX We thank Li-Chung Lai and Wen-An Chiou for their help with TEM
measurements. We acknowledge the support of the Maryland NanoCenter and
its NispLab. The NispLab is supported in part by the NSF as an MRSEC
Shared Experimental Facility.
NR 37
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 36
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 396
IS 3
BP 1057
EP 1069
DI 10.1007/s00216-009-3203-0
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 546WN
UT WOS:000273845200011
PM 19841909
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, E
Kar, A
Hooker, SA
AF Mansfield, Elisabeth
Kar, Aparna
Hooker, Stephanie A.
TI Applications of TGA in quality control of SWCNTs
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermogravimetric analysis; Quality control; Carbon nanotubes
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
AB Carbon nanotubes exhibit a range of chemistries, including mixtures of different nanotube diameters, lengths, and chiralities coupled with various concentrations of metallic and non-nanotube- carbon impurities. The performance of a given material for a specific application depends on the chemistry, which is dictated in large part by the manufacturing process. Here, thermogravimetric analysis is utilized as a bulk characterization method for determining nanotube quality after manufacturing. The application of thermogravimetric analysis for quantifying basic nanotube chemistry is described (e.g., carbon-to-metal content, homogeneity). In addition, extension of the method to analyze specific nanotube properties (i.e., length and diameter) is reported. Results indicate that thermogravimetric analysis is sufficiently sensitive to enable quality control at both the macro-scale (carbon-to-metal ratio) and nano-scale (single-walled to multi-walled) and can detect subtle modifications in manufacturing processes.
C1 [Mansfield, Elisabeth; Kar, Aparna; Hooker, Stephanie A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mansfield, E (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM elisabeth.mansfield@nist.gov
RI Mansfield, Elisabeth/C-5258-2012
OI Mansfield, Elisabeth/0000-0003-2463-0966
NR 12
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 16
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 396
IS 3
BP 1071
EP 1077
DI 10.1007/s00216-009-3319-2
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 546WN
UT WOS:000273845200012
PM 20016881
ER
PT J
AU Zeleny, R
Voorspoels, S
Ricci, M
Becker, R
Jung, C
Bremser, W
Sittidech, M
Panyawathanakit, N
Wong, WF
Choi, SM
Lo, KC
Yeung, WY
Kim, DH
Han, J
Ryu, J
Mingwu, S
Chao, W
Schantz, MM
Lippa, KA
Matsuyama, S
AF Zeleny, R.
Voorspoels, S.
Ricci, M.
Becker, R.
Jung, C.
Bremser, W.
Sittidech, M.
Panyawathanakit, N.
Wong, W. F.
Choi, S. M.
Lo, K. C.
Yeung, W. Y.
Kim, D. H.
Han, J.
Ryu, J.
Mingwu, S.
Chao, W.
Schantz, M. M.
Lippa, K. A.
Matsuyama, S.
TI Evaluation of the state-of-the-art measurement capabilities for selected
PBDEs and decaBB in plastic by the international intercomparison
CCQM-P114
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flame retardants; Polymer; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs);
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs); International intercomparison
ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; DIPHENYL ETHERS; STABILITY
AB An international intercomparison involving eight national metrology institutes (NMIs) was conducted to establish their current measurement capabilities for determining five selected congeners from the brominated flame retardant classes polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polybrominated biphenyls. A candidate reference material consisting of polypropylene fortified with technical mixtures of penta-, octa- and decabromo diphenyl ether and decabromo biphenyl, which was thoroughly assessed for material homogeneity and stability, was used as study material. The analytical procedures applied by the participants differed with regard to sample pre-treatment, extraction, clean-up, employed calibrants and type of calibration procedure as well as regarding analytical methods used for separation, identification and quantification of the flame retardant congeners ( gas chromatography coupled to an electron capture detector (GC-ECD), gas chromatography- mass spectrometry in the electron ionisation mode (GC-EI-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the electron capture negative ionisation mode (GC-ECNI-MS), and liquid chromatography-inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS)). The laboratory means agreed well with relative standard deviations of the mean of means of 1.9%, 4.8%, 5.5% and 5.4% for brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) 47, 183 and 209 and for the brominated biphenyl (BB) congener 209, respectively. For BDE 206, a relative standard deviation of 28.5% was obtained. For all five congeners, within-laboratory relative standard deviations of six measurements obtained under intermediate precision conditions were between 1% and 10%, and reported expanded measurements uncertainties typically ranged from 4% to 10% (8% to 14% for BDE 206). Furthermore, the results are in good agreement with those obtained in the characterization exercise for determining certified values for the flame retardant congeners in the same material. The results demonstrate the state-of-the-art measurement capabilities of NMIs for quantifying representative BDE congeners and BB 209 in a polymer. The outcome of this intercomparison (pilot study) in conjunction with possible improvements for employing exclusively calibrants with thoroughly assessed purity suggests that a key comparison aiming at underpinning calibration and measurement capability (CMC) claims of NMIs can be conducted.
C1 [Zeleny, R.; Ricci, M.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
[Becker, R.; Jung, C.; Bremser, W.] BAM Bundesanstalt Mat Forsch & Prufung, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Sittidech, M.; Panyawathanakit, N.] DSS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
[Wong, W. F.; Choi, S. M.; Lo, K. C.; Yeung, W. Y.] Govt Lab, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Kim, D. H.; Han, J.; Ryu, J.] KRISS, Taejon 305340, South Korea.
[Mingwu, S.; Chao, W.] NIM, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
[Schantz, M. M.; Lippa, K. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Matsuyama, S.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, NMIJ, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan.
[Voorspoels, S.] Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
RP Zeleny, R (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Retieseweg 111, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
EM reinhard.zeleny@ec.europa.eu
RI Voorspoels, Stefan/G-8958-2014
OI Voorspoels, Stefan/0000-0002-9005-1930
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 396
IS 4
BP 1501
EP 1511
DI 10.1007/s00216-009-3314-7
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 550PN
UT WOS:000274140500015
PM 20012028
ER
PT J
AU Bruno, TJ
Ott, LS
Smith, BL
Lovestead, TM
AF Bruno, Thomas J.
Ott, Lisa S.
Smith, Beverly L.
Lovestead, Tara M.
TI Complex Fluid Analysis with the Advanced Distillation Curve Approach
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DECREASED PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; CARBONYL SULFIDE HYDROLYSIS; SURROGATE
MIXTURE MODEL; DIESEL FUEL; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; AVIATION FUEL; JET
FUEL; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; IMPROVEMENTS
AB An improved method for measuring distillation curves reveals the physicochemical properties of complex fluids such as fuels.
C1 [Bruno, Thomas J.; Smith, Beverly L.] NIST, PREP Program, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Smith, Beverly L.] NIST, SURF Program, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), NIST, PREP Program, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [MIPR F1ATA06004G004]
FX We acknowledge the assistance of a multinational oil company for
providing the two crude oil samples, Dr. Yuanhui Zhang at the University
of Illinois Urbana-Champaign for providing the swine-manure-derived oil,
and J. Tim Edwards of the Air Force Research Laboratory for providing
the rocket and aviation fuel samples used in this work. We also
acknowledge the financial support of the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (MIPR F1ATA06004G004).
NR 69
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3
BP 777
EP 783
DI 10.1021/ac902002j
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 548RK
UT WOS:000273983700005
PM 20041713
ER
PT J
AU Rhoderick, GC
Duewer, DL
Ning, L
DeSirant, K
AF Rhoderick, George C.
Duewer, David L.
Ning, Li
DeSirant, Kathryn
TI Hydrocarbon Gas Standards at the pmol/mol Level to Support Ambient
Atmospheric Measurements
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS; METHANE
AB Studies of climate change increasingly recognize the diverse influences exerted by hydrocarbons in the atmosphere, including roles in particulates and ozone formation. Measurements of key non-methane hydrocarbons (NMECs) suggest atmospheric concentrations ranging from low pmol/mol to nmol/mol, depending on location and compound. To accurately establish concentration trends and to relate measurement records from many laboratories and researchers, it is essential to have good calibration standards. Several of the world's National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) are developing primary and secondary reference gas standards at the nmol/mol level. While the U.S. NMI, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), has developed pmol/mol standards for halocarbons and some volatile organics, the feasibility of preparing well-characterized, stable standards for NMHCs at the pmol/mol level is not yet established. NIST recently developed a suite of primary standards by gravimetric dilution that contains 18 NMHCs covering the concentration range of 60 pmol/mol to 230 pmol/mol. Taking into account the small but chemically significant contribution of NMHCs in the high-purity diluent nitrogen used in their preparation, the relative concentrations and short-term stability (2 to 3 months) of these NMHCs in the primary standards have been confirmed by chromatographic analysis. ne gravimetric values assigned from the methods used to prepare the materials and the analytical concentrations determined from chromatographic analysis generally agree to within +/-2 pmol/mol. However, anomalous results for several of the compounds reflect the difficulties inherent in avoiding contamination and making accurate measurements at these very low levels.
C1 [Rhoderick, George C.; Duewer, David L.; Ning, Li; DeSirant, Kathryn] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rhoderick, GC (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,MS-8393, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM george.rhoderick@nist.gov
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3
BP 859
EP 867
DI 10.1021/ac901939t
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 548RK
UT WOS:000273983700017
PM 20052968
ER
PT J
AU Abdelzaher, AM
Wright, ME
Ortega, C
Solo-Gabriele, HM
Miller, G
Elmir, S
Newman, X
Shih, P
Bonilla, JA
Bonilla, TD
Palmer, CJ
Scott, T
Lukasik, J
Harwood, VJ
McQuaig, S
Sinigalliano, C
Gidley, M
Plano, LRW
Zhu, XF
Wang, JD
Fleming, LE
AF Abdelzaher, Amir M.
Wright, Mary E.
Ortega, Cristina
Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.
Miller, Gary
Elmir, Samir
Newman, Xihui
Shih, Peter
Bonilla, J. Alfredo
Bonilla, Tonya D.
Palmer, Carol J.
Scott, Troy
Lukasik, Jerzy
Harwood, Valerie J.
McQuaig, Shannon
Sinigalliano, Chris
Gidley, Maribeth
Plano, Lisa R. W.
Zhu, Xiaofang
Wang, John D.
Fleming, Lora E.
TI Presence of Pathogens and Indicator Microbes at a Non-Point Source
Subtropical Recreational Marine Beach
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
WATER-QUALITY; FECAL POLLUTION; COASTAL WATERS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA;
FLORIDA BEACH; LAKE-MICHIGAN; HUMAN VIRUSES
AB Swimming in ocean water, including ocean water at beaches not impacted by known point sources of pollution, is an increasing health concern. This study was an initial evaluation of the presence of indicator microbes and pathogens and the association among the indicator microbes, pathogens, and environmental conditions at a subtropical, recreational marine beach in south Florida impacted by non-point sources of pollution. Twelve water and eight sand samples were collected during four sampling events at high or low tide under elevated or reduced solar insolation conditions. The analyses performed included analyses of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) (fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci, and Clostridium perfringens), human-associated microbial source tracking (MST) markers (human polyomaviruses [HPyVs] and Enterococcus faecium esp gene), and pathogens (Vibrio vulnificus, Staphylococcus aureus, enterovirus, norovirus, hepatitis A virus, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp.). The enterococcus concentrations in water and sand determined by quantitative PCR were greater than the concentrations determined by membrane filtration measurement. The FIB concentrations in water were below the recreational water quality standards for three of the four sampling events, when pathogens and MST markers were also generally undetectable. The FIB levels exceeded regulatory guidelines during one event, and this was accompanied by detection of HPyVs and pathogens, including detection of the autochthonous bacterium V. vulnificus in sand and water, detection of the allochthonous protozoans Giardia spp. in water, and detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in sand samples. The elevated microbial levels were detected at high tide and under low-solar-insolation conditions. Additional sampling should be conducted to further explore the relationships between tidal and solar insolation conditions and between indicator microbes and pathogens in subtropical recreational marine waters impacted by non-point source pollution.
C1 [Abdelzaher, Amir M.; Wright, Mary E.; Ortega, Cristina; Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.; Elmir, Samir; Bonilla, J. Alfredo; Bonilla, Tonya D.; Palmer, Carol J.; Scott, Troy; Sinigalliano, Chris; Gidley, Maribeth; Plano, Lisa R. W.; Zhu, Xiaofang; Wang, John D.; Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, NSF NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Abdelzaher, Amir M.; Wright, Mary E.; Ortega, Cristina; Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.; Scott, Troy] Univ Miami, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA.
[Miller, Gary; Elmir, Samir] Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, Miami, FL 33056 USA.
[Newman, Xihui; Shih, Peter] Bur Labs Miami, Florida Dept Hlth, Miami, FL 33125 USA.
[Bonilla, J. Alfredo; Bonilla, Tonya D.; Palmer, Carol J.] Univ Florida, Dept Infect Dis & Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Scott, Troy] BCS Labs Inc, Miami, FL 33155 USA.
[Lukasik, Jerzy] BCS Labs Inc, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA.
[Harwood, Valerie J.; McQuaig, Shannon] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Sinigalliano, Chris; Gidley, Maribeth] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Ocean Chem Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Zhu, Xiaofang; Wang, John D.] Univ Miami, Div Appl Marine Phys, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Dept Fisheries & Marine Biol, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
RP Solo-Gabriele, HM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, POB 248294, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
EM hmsolo@miami.edu
RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014
OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley,
maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073
FU Florida Department of Health; NSF-NIEHS Oceans and Human Health Program
[NIEHS P50 ES12736, NSF OCE 0432368/0911373]; NSF REU Program [OCE
0432368]; NSF SGER Program [OCE 0554402]
FX This research was supported by the Florida Department of Health
(contract CORAM), by the NSF-NIEHS Oceans and Human Health Program
(grants NIEHS P50 ES12736 and NSF OCE 0432368/0911373), by the NSF REU
Program (grant OCE 0432368), and by the NSF SGER Program (grant OCE
0554402). We thank IDEXX Corporation for their support of this project
through provision of supplies needed for the chromogenic substrate
analysis of enterococci.
NR 58
TC 82
Z9 86
U1 3
U2 39
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 76
IS 3
BP 724
EP 732
DI 10.1128/AEM.02127-09
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 549BV
UT WOS:000274017400013
PM 19966020
ER
PT J
AU Snider, RL
Wahlstrand, JK
Zhang, H
Mirin, RP
Cundiff, ST
AF Snider, R. L.
Wahlstrand, J. K.
Zhang, H.
Mirin, R. P.
Cundiff, S. T.
TI Quantum interference control of photocurrent injection in Er-doped GaAs
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL CURRENTS; CARRIER LIFETIME; COHERENT CONTROL
AB We measure two-color quantum interference control of photocurrent injection in erbium-doped GaAs. The signal size is the same order of magnitude as from a low-temperature grown GaAs sample, and much larger than in a semi-insulating GaAs sample. Thus erbium-doped GaAs could be useful for fabrication of monolithic optical carrier-envelope phase detectors. We also describe a prism-based two-color interferometer useful for minimizing stray light in quantum interference control measurements.
C1 [Snider, R. L.; Wahlstrand, J. K.; Zhang, H.; Cundiff, S. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Snider, R. L.; Cundiff, S. T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhang, H.; Cundiff, S. T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mirin, R. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiffs@jila.colorado.edu
RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009;
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 2-3
BP 333
EP 336
DI 10.1007/s00340-009-3776-5
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 540CC
UT WOS:000273307300016
ER
PT J
AU Levin, I
Krayzman, V
Woicik, JC
Tkach, A
Vilarinho, PM
AF Levin, I.
Krayzman, V.
Woicik, J. C.
Tkach, A.
Vilarinho, P. M.
TI X-ray absorption fine structure studies of Mn coordination in doped
perovskite SrTiO3
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE bond lengths; ceramics; crystal binding; doping; EXAFS; manganese;
segregation; strontium compounds
ID STRONTIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; SPECTRA
AB The coordination of Mn in doped SrTiO3 ceramics having nominal compositions SrTi0.98Mn0.02O3 and Sr0.98Mn0.02TiO3 was analyzed using x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. As expected, Mn4+ substitution for Ti4+ leads to Mn occupancy of the octahedral B-sites of ABO(3) perovskite lattice with a Mn-O bond distance of 1.902 A degrees (compared to 1.953 A degrees for Ti-O) and no significant local distortions around the Mn atoms. In contrast, for the composition Sr0.98Mn0.02TiO3, Mn segregates to both the A-sites (as Mn2+) and the B-sites (predominantly as Mn4+). Extended XAFS confirms strong (approximate to 0.77 A degrees) displacements of Mn2+ cations off the ideal A-site positions along << 001 >> directions with a significant distortion of several coordination shells around the dopant atoms.
C1 [Levin, I.; Krayzman, V.; Woicik, J. C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tkach, A.; Vilarinho, P. M.] Univ Aveiro, Dept Ceram & Glass Engn, CICECO, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
RP Levin, I (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM igor.levin@nist.gov
RI Levin, Igor/F-8588-2010; Tkach, Oleksandr/Q-9369-2016
OI Tkach, Oleksandr/0000-0002-0318-9262
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 18
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 65
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 5
AR 052904
DI 10.1063/1.3298369
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 552UQ
UT WOS:000274319500078
ER
PT J
AU Nguyen, NV
Xu, M
Kirillov, OA
Ye, PD
Wang, C
Cheung, K
Suehle, JS
AF Nguyen, N. V.
Xu, M.
Kirillov, O. A.
Ye, P. D.
Wang, C.
Cheung, K.
Suehle, J. S.
TI Band offsets of Al2O3/InxGa1-xAs (x=0.53 and 0.75) and the effects of
postdeposition annealing
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE alumina; aluminium; annealing; band structure; ellipsometry; gallium
arsenide; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; MIS structures;
photoelectron spectra
ID LAYER-DEPOSITED AL2O3; MODE INGAAS MOSFET; SEMICONDUCTORS; PERFORMANCE;
MOBILITY; CHANNEL
AB Band offsets at the interfaces of InxGa1-xAs/Al2O3/Al where x=0.53 and 0.75 were determined by internal photoemission and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The photoemission energy threshold at the InxGa1-xAs/Al2O3 interface was found to be insensitive to the indium composition but shifted to a lower energy after a postdeposition annealing at high temperatures. Subthreshold electron photoemission was also observed for the annealed sample and was attributed to interfacial layer formation during the annealing process.
C1 [Nguyen, N. V.; Kirillov, O. A.; Cheung, K.; Suehle, J. S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, M.; Ye, P. D.; Wang, C.] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Xu, M.; Ye, P. D.; Wang, C.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Wang, C.] Fudan Univ, Dept Microelect, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
RP Nguyen, NV (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nhan.nguyen@nist.gov
FU NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs and Intel Corporation
FX Three of the authors (N. V. N., C. K., and J. S. S.) gratefully
acknowledge funding from the NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs
and Intel Corporation.
NR 22
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 5
AR 052107
DI 10.1063/1.3306732
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 552UQ
UT WOS:000274319500048
ER
PT J
AU Sloan, CA
Anulacion, BF
Bolton, JL
Boyd, D
Olson, OP
Sol, SY
Ylitalo, GM
Johnson, LL
AF Sloan, Catherine A.
Anulacion, Bernadita F.
Bolton, Jennie L.
Boyd, Daryle
Olson, O. Paul
Sol, Sean Y.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Johnson, Lyndal L.
TI Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Outmigrant Juvenile Chinook Salmon
from the Lower Columbia River and Estuary and Puget Sound, Washington
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; PERSISTENT ORGANIC
POLLUTANTS; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; EMBRYONIC EXPOSURE; TEMPORAL TRENDS; COASTAL
WATERS; DIETARY UPTAKE
AB Previous studies have examined the presence, distribution, and concentrations of toxic contaminants in two major waterways in the Pacific Northwest: the lower Columbia River and Estuary (LCR&E) and Puget Sound, Washington. However, those studies have not reported on the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in juvenile Chinook salmon (Onchorynchus tshawytscha). Populations of Chinook salmon from the LCR&E and Puget Sound are declining, and some stocks are currently listed as "threatened" under the Endangered Species Act. Bioaccumulation of contaminants, including PBDEs, by juvenile Chinook salmon in the LCR&E and Puget Sound is of concern due to the potential toxicity of the contaminants and associated sublethal effects in fish. In this article, we present the concentrations of PBDEs measured in gutted bodies and stomach contents of outmigrant juvenile Chinook salmon collected at six sites in the LCR&E and four sites in Puget Sound. For comparison, we also analyzed gutted bodies of juvenile Chinook salmon from eight hatcheries in the LCR&E as well as samples of the hatchery fish feeds. The mean aPBDE concentrations measured in bodies of juvenile Chinook salmon from the different sites ranged from 350 to 2800 ng/g lipid weight, whereas those in stomach contents ranged from less than the quantitation limit (< 2 ng/g wet weight) to 39 ng/g wet weight. The levels of PBDEs in the hatchery fish were significantly lower than those measured in the salmon samples collected from the LCR&E and Puget Sound. These results show that outmigrant juvenile Chinook salmon in the LCR&E and Puget Sound have been exposed to PBDEs in the environment and that these chemicals are bioaccumulating in their tissues; thus, the potential effects of PBDEs on these salmon should be further investigated.
C1 [Sloan, Catherine A.; Anulacion, Bernadita F.; Bolton, Jennie L.; Boyd, Daryle; Olson, O. Paul; Sol, Sean Y.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Johnson, Lyndal L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Sloan, CA (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM catherine.a.sloan@noaa.gov
FU Bonneville Power Administration; Lower Columbia River Estuary
Partnership
FX We thank Richard Boyer, Ron Pearce, Karen Tilbury, and Gladys Yanagida
for assistance with the chemical analyses, Jon Buzitis, Dan Lomax, Bill
Mowitt, Mark Myers, and Maryjean Willis for the fish collection, Jill
Leary, Jennifer Morace, Greg Fuhrer, Deborah Marriot, and Scott McEwen
for study design and project management for LCR&E sampling, and Cathy
Laetz and David Baldwin for reviewing this manuscript. This work was
supported by the Bonneville Power Administration and the Lower Columbia
River Estuary Partnership.
NR 69
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 2
BP 403
EP 414
DI 10.1007/s00244-009-9391-y
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 552SP
UT WOS:000274314100016
PM 19771462
ER
PT J
AU Rangwala, I
Miller, JR
AF Rangwala, Imtiaz
Miller, James R.
TI Twentieth Century Temperature Trends in Colorado's San Juan Mountains
SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; HIGH-ELEVATION SITES; TIBETAN PLATEAU;
CLIMATIC-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; SURFACE; RADIATION; RUNOFF; MODEL
AB We examine trends in surf ace air temperature for the San Juan Mountain region in southwestern Colorado from 1895 to 2005. Observations from both National Weather Service (NWS) and Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) sites are analyzed. Results show a net warming of 1 degrees C between 1895 and 2005. Most of this warming occurred between 1990 and 2005, when the region experienced rapid and secular increases in temperature. Between 1950 and 1985, there was a cooling trend in the region during which there were significant decreases in the maximum temperature (T-max) and almost no trend in the minimum temperature (T-min). This cooling trend appears to be, in part, associated with increases in atmospheric aerosols. Between 1990 and 2005, the large increases in temperature anomalies are strongly correlated at the NWS and SNOTEL sites. Annual increases in T-max and T-min are similar between 1990 and 2005; however, they generally show greater increases during summer and winter, respectively. Spatially, there are similar increases in T-max and T-min except in the central mountain region, where the increases in T-min are larger and started earlier.
C1 [Rangwala, Imtiaz] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, R PSD, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Miller, James R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Rangwala, I (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, R PSD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM imtiaz.rangwala@noaa.gov
FU Mountain Studies Institute; NJ Agricultural Experiment Station [32103];
High Plains Regional Climate Center (HPRCC); Western Regional Climate
Center (WRCC); National Climatic Data Center (NCDC); National Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS)
FX We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, which
have significantly improved our manuscript. We are grateful to Koren
Nydick for her deep involvement and support for this work, to David
Robinson for his advice and assistance, and to Nelun Fernando for Figure
1. Partial support for this work was obtained from the Mountain Studies
Institute's mini-grant program and the NJ Agricultural Experiment
Station grant #32103. We would like to acknowledge High Plains Regional
Climate Center (HPRCC), Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), National
Climatic Data Center (NCDC), and National Resources Conservation Service
(NRCS) for access to the climate data analyzed in this study.
NR 31
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 13
PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES
PI BOULDER
PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA
SN 1523-0430
EI 1938-4246
J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES
JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 1
BP 89
EP 97
DI 10.1657/1938-4246-42.1.89
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 568XW
UT WOS:000275560500009
ER
PT J
AU Kim, HS
Chung, YS
Tans, PP
AF Kim, H. S.
Chung, Y. S.
Tans, P. P.
TI On the regional distributions of background carbon monoxide
concentrations observed in East Asia during 1991-2008
SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon monoxide; regional background level; large-scale air pollution;
transport passage; satellite image
ID EXPLORATORY MISSION-WEST; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY;
NORTHEAST ASIA; OZONE; EMISSIONS; JAPAN
AB The carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations observed at Mt. Waliguan in China (WLG), Ulaan Uul in Mongolia (UUM), Tae-ahn Peninsula in Korea (TAP) and Ryori in Japan (RYO) were analysed between 1991 and 2008. The average annual concentration of CO, a toxic air pollutant, was the highest at TAP (235 +/- 44 ppb), followed by RYO (169 +/- 35 ppb), UUM (154 +/- 27 ppb) and WLG (138 +/- 24 ppb). These data obtained in East Asia were also compared with CO data from Mauna Loa, Hawaii. CO tends to be highest in spring and lowest in summer in East Asia, with the exception of WLG. TAP had the highest CO concentrations in all seasons compared with WLG, UUM and RYO, and displays a wide short-term variability in concentration. This is caused by large-scale air pollution owing to its downwind location, close to continental East Asia. CO concentrations observed at TAP were analysed as follows: according to the origin of the isentropic backward trajectory and its transport passage; as continental background airflows (CBG); regionally polluted continental airflows (RPC); oceanic background airflows (OBG); and partly perturbed oceanic airflows (PPO). The high concentrations of CO at TAP are because of the airflow originating from the East Asian continent, rather than the North Pacific. RPCs, which pass through eastern China, appear to have high CO concentrations in spring, autumn and winter. It is noteworthy that the overall trend at TAP does not show an increase despite the fact that energy use in China approximately doubled from 1991 to 2008. OBGs, however, are affected by North Pacific air masses with low CO concentrations in summer.
C1 [Kim, H. S.; Chung, Y. S.] Korea Ctr Atmospher Environm Res, Cheongwon 363891, Choongbook, South Korea.
[Tans, P. P.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Kim, HS (reprint author), Korea Ctr Atmospher Environm Res, Cheongwon 363891, Choongbook, South Korea.
EM envir007@chol.com
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU KOREAN METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI SEOUL
PA SHINKIL-DONG 508, SIWON BLDG 704, YONGDUNGPO-GU, SEOUL, 150-050, SOUTH
KOREA
SN 1976-7633
EI 1976-7951
J9 ASIA-PAC J ATMOS SCI
JI Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 89
EP 95
DI 10.1007/s13143-010-0009-0
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 568PX
UT WOS:000275535900009
ER
PT J
AU Djalalova, I
Wilczak, J
McKeen, S
Grell, G
Peckham, S
Pagowski, M
DelleMonache, L
McQueen, J
Tang, Y
Lee, P
McHenry, J
Gong, W
Bouchet, V
Mathur, R
AF Djalalova, I.
Wilczak, J.
McKeen, S.
Grell, G.
Peckham, S.
Pagowski, M.
DelleMonache, L.
McQueen, J.
Tang, Y.
Lee, P.
McHenry, J.
Gong, W.
Bouchet, V.
Mathur, R.
TI Ensemble and bias-correction techniques for air quality model forecasts
of surface O-3 and PM2.5 during the TEXAQS-II experiment of 2006
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Air quality; Ozone; Particulate matter; TEXAQS 2006; Ensemble forecast
ID OZONE; SYSTEM; SIMULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; CHEMISTRY; AURAMS
AB Several air quality forecasting ensembles were created from seven models, running in real-time during the 2006 Texas Air Quality (TEXAQS-II) experiment. These multi-model ensembles incorporated a diverse set of meteorological models, chemical mechanisms, and emission inventories. Evaluation of individual model and ensemble forecasts of surface ozone and particulate matter (PM) was performed using data from 119 EPA AIRNow ozone sites and 38 PM sites during a 50-day period in August and September of 2006. From the original set of models, two new bias-corrected model data sets were built, either by applying a simple running mean average to the past 7 days of data or by a Kalman-Filter approach. From the original and two bias-corrected data sets, three ensembles were created by a simple averaging of the seven models. For further improvements three additional weighted model ensembles were created, where individual model weights were calculated using the singular value decomposition method. All six of the ensembles are compared to the individual models and to each other in terms of root mean square error, correlation, and contingency and probabilistic statistics. In most cases, each of the ensembles show improved skill compared to the best of the individual models. The over all best ensemble technique was found to be the combination of Kalman-Filtering and weighted averaging. PM2.5 aerosol ensembles demonstrated significant improvement gains, mostly because the original model's skill was very low. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Djalalova, I.; McKeen, S.; Grell, G.; Peckham, S.; Pagowski, M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Djalalova, I.; Wilczak, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[McKeen, S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Grell, G.; Peckham, S.; Pagowski, M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[DelleMonache, L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[McQueen, J.; Tang, Y.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Lee, P.] NOAA, Air Resource Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[McHenry, J.] Baron Adv Meteorol Syst, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Gong, W.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Downsview, ON, Canada.
[Bouchet, V.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
[Mathur, R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Djalalova, I (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM Irina.V.Djalalova@noaa.gov
RI pagowski, mariusz/H-4498-2013; McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013; grell,
georg/B-6234-2015; Lee, Pius/D-5201-2016; Tang, Youhua/D-5205-2016;
Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI pagowski, mariusz/0000-0002-7703-0529; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742;
Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915;
FU NOAA/NWS Office of Science and Technology; NOAA Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research/Weather and Air Quality Program
FX This research is partially funded by Early Start Funding from the
NOAA/NWS Office of Science and Technology, and the NOAA Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/Weather and Air Quality Program. Credit
for program support and management is given to Paula Davidson
(NOAH/NWS/OST) and Jim Meagher (NOAA/ESRL/CSD). We also thank Dr. D.Kang
and the anonymous reviewer for valuable comments on this paper.
NR 30
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 4
BP 455
EP 467
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.11.007
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 556TD
UT WOS:000274614300002
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XY
Liang, XZ
Jiang, WM
Tao, ZN
Wang, JXL
Liu, HN
Han, ZW
Liu, SY
Zhang, YY
Grell, GA
Peckham, SE
AF Wang, Xueyuan
Liang, Xin-Zhong
Jiang, Weimei
Tao, Zhining
Wang, Julian X. L.
Liu, Hongnian
Han, Zhiwei
Liu, Shuyan
Zhang, Yuyan
Grell, Georg A.
Peckham, Steven E.
TI WRF-Chem simulation of East Asian air quality: Sensitivity to temporal
and vertical emissions distributions
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE WRF-Chem; Emissions; Diurnal cycle; Vertical redistribution; Air quality
modeling; East Asia
ID OZONE CONCENTRATIONS; UNITED-STATES; INVENTORY; MODEL; CHEMISTRY;
AEROSOL; PERIOD
AB This study develops fine temporal (seasonal, day-of-week, diurnal) and vertical allocations of anthropogenic emissions for the TRACE-P inventory and evaluates their impacts on the East Asian air quality prediction using WRF-Chem simulations in July 2001 at 30-km grid spacing against available surface measurements from EANET and NEMCC. For NO2 and SO2, the diurnal and vertical redistributions of emissions play essential roles, while the day-of-week variation is less important. When all incorporated, WRF-Chem best simulates observations of surface NO2 and SO2 concentrations, while using the default emissions produces the worst result. The sensitivity is especially large over major cities and industrial areas, where surface NO2 and SO2 concentrations are reduced by respectively 3-7 and 6-12 ppbv when using the scaled emissions. The incorporation of all the three redistributions of emissions simulates surface O-3 concentrations higher by 4-8 ppbv at night and 2-4 ppbv in daytime over broad areas of northern, eastern and central China. To this sensitivity, the diurnal redistribution contributes more than the other two. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wang, Xueyuan; Liang, Xin-Zhong; Tao, Zhining; Liu, Shuyan] Univ Illinois, Div Illinois State Water Survey, Inst Nat Resource Sustainabil, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Wang, Xueyuan; Jiang, Weimei; Liu, Hongnian] Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
[Tao, Zhining] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Wang, Julian X. L.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Han, Zhiwei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yuyan] Nanjing Municipal Environm Monitoring Ctr Stn, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
[Grell, Georg A.; Peckham, Steven E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Liang, XZ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Div Illinois State Water Survey, Inst Nat Resource Sustainabil, 2204 Griffith Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
EM xliang@illinois.edu
RI Tao, Zhining/E-1432-2012; Liu, Shuyan/M-8813-2014; grell,
georg/B-6234-2015; Wang, Julian/C-3188-2016
OI Tao, Zhining/0000-0003-0608-712X; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742;
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results
(STAR) [EPA RD-83337301-0]; China Scholarship Council
FX We thank David G. Streets and Qiang Zhang at Argonne National Laboratory
for providing the TRACE-P inventory data and Yang Zhang at North
Carolina State University for the NEMCC measurements. We also thank two
anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. We
acknowledge the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET)
for the observational data, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Forecast Systems Laboratory and the National Center for
Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at
UrbanaChampaign for the supercomputing support. The research was
partially supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
Science to Achieve Results (STAR) award EPA RD-83337301-0 and the China
Scholarship Council. The views expressed are of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect those of the sponsoring gencies or the Illinois
State Water Survey.
NR 28
TC 30
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 29
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 5
BP 660
EP 669
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.11.011
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 560VL
UT WOS:000274931800007
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, E
AF Stevens, Eric
TI An investigation of the relationship between surface temperatures and
the establishment of snowpack during October in Fairbanks, Alaska
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Little Alaska Weather Symposium
CY MAY 12-13, 2008
CL Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK
SP Alaska Reg NOAA, UAF Arct Reg Supercomp Ctr, UAF, Coll Nat Sci & Math, UAF, Geophys Inst, UAF, Int Arctic Res Ctr
HO Univ Alaska Fairbanks
DE Seasonal transition; Snowpack; Surface temperature; Fairbanks, Alaska
ID AIR-TEMPERATURE; COVER
AB Data suggest that the arrival of winter's permanent snowpack impacts daily high and low surface temperatures in Fairbanks, Alaska. Given temperatures at 850 hPa ranging from 0 degrees C to - 5 degrees C in October, high temperatures on days with snow on the ground are 4.9 degrees C colder than high temperatures on days with no snow on the ground. The difference for low temperatures is 7.3 degrees C. While the exact date the snowpack is established varies from year to year, standardizing this date in time as "S-Day" reveals that the drop in daily high and low temperatures through the period from 5 days before S-Day to 5 days after S-Day is from 5 to 7 degrees C greater than the gradual cooling associated with the change of seasons from fall to winter. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Natl Weather Serv, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Stevens, E (reprint author), Natl Weather Serv, Fairbanks, AK USA.
EM eric.stevens@noaa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 95
IS 2-3
BP 307
EP 313
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.04.009
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 564QE
UT WOS:000275230000017
ER
PT J
AU Bourne, SM
Bhatt, US
Zhang, J
Thoman, R
AF Bourne, S. M.
Bhatt, U. S.
Zhang, J.
Thoman, R.
TI Surface-based temperature inversions in Alaska from a climate
perspective
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Little Alaska Weather Symposium
CY MAY 12-13, 2008
CL Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK
SP Alaska Reg NOAA, UAF Arct Reg Supercomp Ctr, UAF, Coll Nat Sci & Math, UAF, Geophys Inst, UAF, Int Arctic Res Ctr
HO Univ Alaska Fairbanks
DE Surface-based temperature inversion; Alaska climate; Multi-decadal
variability
ID NORTH PACIFIC; PRECIPITATION; OSCILLATION; VARIABILITY; FAIRBANKS;
SHIFTS
AB Alaska surface-based temperature inversions were analyzed using radiosonde observations from Barrow, Fairbanks, McGrath, Anchorage, Kotzebue, Bethel and King Salmon, which represent different climate zones in Alaska. Inversion climatology, variability and links to the large-scale climate were investigated for the period of 1957-2008 when high quality radiosonde data are available. Inversion parameters, such as depth, temperature difference, and frequency, have a long-term decreasing trend, which is not simply linear but displays multi-decadal variations.
Inversion depth decreased from 1957 to the late 1980s and has been increasing since. The multi-decadal signal has been detected at all stations but is particularly dominant for Interior stations. The relationship between Alaska inversion and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation changes over time and was found to be stronger before 1989 than in recent years. Alaska inversions also demonstrate strikingly similar interannual variability, suggesting an important role of large-scale circulation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bourne, S. M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Dept Atmospher Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Bourne, S. M.; Bhatt, U. S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Coll Nat Sci & Math, Dept Atmospher Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Zhang, J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Arctic Reg Supercomp Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Thoman, R.] Fairbanks Forecast Off, Natl Weather Serv, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Bourne, SM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Dept Atmospher Sci, POB 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM bournesm@gi.alaska.edu
RI Bhatt, Uma/D-3674-2009
NR 32
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 95
IS 2-3
BP 353
EP 366
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.09.013
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 564QE
UT WOS:000275230000020
ER
PT J
AU Tsuda, RT
Fisher, JR
Vroom, PS
Abbott, IA
AF Tsuda, Roy T.
Fisher, Jack R.
Vroom, Peter S.
Abbott, Isabella A.
TI New records of subtidal benthic marine algae from Wake Atoll, Central
Pacific
SO BOTANICA MARINA
LA English
DT Article
DE central Pacific; coral reef; marine algae; Micronesia; Wake Atoll
ID SP-NOV; RHODOPHYTA; ACCOUNT; OCEAN; POLYSIPHONIA; CERAMIACEAE;
CHLOROPHYTA
AB The marine flora of Wake Atoll is phytogeographically interesting because the atoll is a small (6.5 km(2)) isolated coral reef structure located in the central Pacific between the north-western Hawaiian Islands and the Marshall Islands. Eighty-one of the 103 species of subtidal marine benthic algae collected in October 2005 and April-May 2007 during two NOAA cruises to Wake Atoll represent new records for the atoll. Previously published collections include five species collected in December 1841 during the US Exploring Expedition, 35 additional species representing collections made in June 1998 by US Fish and Wildlife personnel, and incidental specimens collected by various biologists and deposited in the Herbarium Pacificum of the Bishop Museum, Honolulu. The 121 species of marine benthic algae now documented from Wake Atoll contain components from the Hawaiian Islands and Marshall Islands, but show a closer resemblance to those of the Hawaiian Archipelago.
C1 [Tsuda, Roy T.; Fisher, Jack R.; Abbott, Isabella A.] Bernice P Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
[Vroom, Peter S.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Abbott, Isabella A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Tsuda, RT (reprint author), Bernice P Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice St, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
EM roy.tsuda@bishopmuseum.org
FU NOAA's CRED [AB133F07CQ0051]
FX The authors are grateful to Kimberly N. Page and Robert Tomasetti who
collected the algal specimens in October 2005 and in April and May 2007,
respectively, during the two NOAA cruises, and to Kerry L. Grimshaw,
NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) for producing the two figures.
We appreciate the constructive comments by the referees. The first two
authors acknowledge NOAA's CRED for financial support (AB133F07CQ0051)
to sort, curate, and study the algal specimens. Contribution No.
2009-014 of the Pacific Biological Survey, Bishop Museum.
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 1
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0006-8055
J9 BOT MAR
JI Bot. Marina
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 53
IS 1
BP 19
EP 29
DI 10.1515/BOT.2010.005
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 551FK
UT WOS:000274192000003
ER
PT J
AU Hanna, SR
Reen, B
Hendrick, E
Santos, L
Stauffer, D
Deng, A
McQueen, J
Tsidulko, M
Janjic, Z
Jovic, D
Sykes, RI
AF Hanna, Steven R.
Reen, Brian
Hendrick, Elizabeth
Santos, Lynne
Stauffer, David
Deng, Aijun
McQueen, Jeffrey
Tsidulko, Marina
Janjic, Zavisa
Jovic, Dusan
Sykes, R. Ian
TI Comparison of Observed, MM5 and WRF-NMM Model-Simulated, and
HPAC-Assumed Boundary-Layer Meteorological Variables for 3 Days During
the IHOP Field Experiment
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dispersion models; Evaluation of models; International H2O project
(IHOP); Mesoscale meteorological models; Surface fluxes of heat and
momentum; Turbulent kinetic energy
ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; AIR-QUALITY;
MESOSCALE MODEL; COHERENCE TECHNIQUE; PROGRAM DESIGN; LAND-SURFACE; PART
I; IHOP-2002; SYSTEM
AB The objective of the study is to evaluate operational mesoscale meteorological model atmospheric boundary-layer (ABL) outputs for use in the Hazard Prediction Assessment Capability (HPAC)/Second-Order Closure Integrated Puff (SCIPUFF) transport and dispersion model. HPAC uses the meteorological models' routine simulations of surface buoyancy flux, winds, and mixing depth to derive the profiles of ABL turbulence. The Fifth-Generation Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) and the Weather Research and Forecast-Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (WRF-NMM) ABL outputs and the HPAC ABL parameterisations are compared with observations during the International H2O Project (IHOP). The meteorological models' configurations are not specially designed research versions for this study but rather are intended to be representative of what may be used operationally and thus have relatively coarse lowest vertical layer thicknesses of 59 and 36 m, respectively. The meteorological models' simulations of mixing depth are in good agreement (+/- 20%) with observations on most afternoons. Wind speed errors of 1 or 2 ms(-1) are found, typical of those found in other studies, with larger errors occurring when the simulated centre of a low-pressure system is misplaced in time or space. The hourly variation of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is well-simulated during the daytime, although there is a meteorological model underprediction bias of about 20-40%. At night, WRF-NMM shows fair agreement with observations, and MM5 sometimes produces a very small default TKE value because of the stable boundary-layer parameterisation that is used. The HPAC TKE parameterisation is usually a factor of 5-10 high at night, primarily due to the fact that the meteorological model wind-speed output is at a height of 30 m for MM5 and 18 m for WRF-NMM, which is often well above the stable mixing depth. It is concluded that, before meteorological model TKE fields can be confidently used by HPAC, it would help to improve vertical resolution near the surface, say to 10 m or less, and it would be good to improve the ABL parameterisations for shallow stable conditions.
C1 [Hanna, Steven R.] Hanna Consultants, Kennebunkport, ME 04046 USA.
[Reen, Brian; Stauffer, David; Deng, Aijun] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Hendrick, Elizabeth] Epsilon Associates, Maynard, MA USA.
[Santos, Lynne] Air Qual Associates, N Billerica, MA USA.
[McQueen, Jeffrey; Tsidulko, Marina; Janjic, Zavisa; Jovic, Dusan] NCEP, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Sykes, R. Ian] Sage Mgmt, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Hanna, SR (reprint author), Hanna Consultants, 7 Crescent Ave, Kennebunkport, ME 04046 USA.
EM hannaconsult@roadrunner.com
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX This research has been sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency,
with CDR Stephanie Hamilton and Dr. John Hannan as the program managers.
The authors appreciate the assistance provided by Ric Cederwall and Mark
Fischer of LLNL and David Cook of ANL in acquiring the IHOP turbulence
data and carrying out additional processing. The authors also thank Fei
Chen and Kevin Manning for providing offline Noah output for
initialization of MM5 LSM fields.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 134
IS 2
BP 285
EP 306
DI 10.1007/s10546-009-9446-7
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 543OW
UT WOS:000273589000006
ER
PT J
AU Darden, CB
Nadler, DJ
Carcione, BC
Blakeslee, RJ
Stano, GT
Buechler, DE
AF Darden, Christopher B.
Nadler, David J.
Carcione, Brian C.
Blakeslee, Richard J.
Stano, Geoffrey T.
Buechler, Dennise E.
TI Utilizing Total Lightning Information to Diagnose Convective Trends
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; REAL-TIME
C1 [Darden, Christopher B.; Nadler, David J.; Carcione, Brian C.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Forecast Off, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Blakeslee, Richard J.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Stano, Geoffrey T.] NASA SPoRT ENSCO Inc, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Buechler, Dennise E.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
RP Darden, CB (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Forecast Off, 320A Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
EM Chris.Darden@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 2
BP 167
EP 175
DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2808.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572XH
UT WOS:000275869800002
ER
PT J
AU Giese, BS
Compo, GP
Slowey, NC
Sardeshmukh, PD
Carton, JA
Ray, S
Whitaker, JS
AF Giese, Benjamin S.
Compo, Gilbert P.
Slowey, Niall C.
Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.
Carton, James A.
Ray, Sulagna
Whitaker, Jeffrey S.
TI THE 1918/19 EL NINO
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION;
SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; INTERDECADAL CHANGES; TROPICAL PACIFIC;
VARIABILITY; REANALYSIS; EVOLUTION; CORAL
C1 [Giese, Benjamin S.; Slowey, Niall C.; Ray, Sulagna] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Compo, Gilbert P.; Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.] Univ Colorado, CIRES Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Compo, Gilbert P.; Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.; Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Labs, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Carton, James A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Giese, BS (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM b-giese@tamu.edu
RI carton, james/C-4807-2009;
OI carton, james/0000-0003-0598-5198; COMPO, GILBERT/0000-0001-5199-9633
FU NOAA [NA06OAR4310146]; NSF [OCE-0351804]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We are grateful to NOAA (Grant NA06OAR4310146, BSG) and NSF (Grant
OCE-0351804, BSG and JAC) for support for this study. Support for the
Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project dataset is provided by the Office
of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Innovative and Novel Computational
Impact on Theory and Experiment program and by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office. This research used
resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center,
which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors are grateful to the
work of N. Matsui of University of Colorado/CIRES and NOAA/ESRL/PSD for
his dedicated help in producing the reanalysis dataset.
NR 30
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 2
BP 177
EP 183
DI 10.1175/2009BAMS2903.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572XH
UT WOS:000275869800003
ER
PT J
AU Swarthout, RF
Keller, JM
Peden-Adams, M
Landry, AM
Fair, PA
Kucklick, JR
AF Swarthout, Robert F.
Keller, Jennifer M.
Peden-Adams, Margie
Landry, Andre M.
Fair, Patricia A.
Kucklick, John R.
TI Organohalogen contaminants in blood of Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys
kempii) and green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) from the Gulf of Mexico
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE PBDE; Persistent organic pollutant; Reptile; Health effects; Clinical
plasma chemistry; Aroclor 1268
ID IN-VITRO EXPOSURE; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; FLAME RETARDANTS;
CARETTA-CARETTA; MARINE DEBRIS; AROCLOR 1268; PLASMA; PESTICIDES;
POLLUTANTS; IMMUNITY
AB The threat that exposure to organohalogen (OH) contaminants poses to endangered populations of Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) is not well understood, partly because few OH data are available. Blood samples from live juvenile and sub-adult L. kempii (n = 46) and C. mydas (n = 9) from the Gulf of Mexico and from L. kempii from the southeastern US coast (n = 3) were extracted using microwave-assisted extraction, and analyzed by large volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for 85 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 25 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 27 polybrominated Biphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Plasma chemistries, hematology and immune responses were also assessed. Concentrations of Sigma PCBs (geometric mean, range: 3190 pg g(-1), 227-21 590 pg g(-1) blood), Sigma DDTs (geometric mean, range: 541 pg g(-1), 161-4310 pg g(-1) blood) and OCPs in L. kempii from the Gulf were comparable to those reported in L. kempii from the Atlantic. Sigma PBDEs were detected in all samples (geometric mean, range: 146 pg g(-1), 19.5-1450 pg g(-1) blood), with PBDE 47, 99, 100, 153 and 154 being the predominant congeners. Sigma PCBs, Sigma DDTs and Sigma chlordanes were one order of magnitude lower in green turtles, and Sigma PBDE concentrations were lower by half due to trophic level differences. L. kempii from the southeast USA had higher percentages of highly chlorinated PCBs indicating exposure to Aroclor 1268. Blood urea nitrogen was positively correlated to Sigma chlordanes, and Sigma PCBs were inversely correlated to creatine phosphokinase in L. kempii. These data help establish baseline contaminant concentrations in live L. kempii and C mydas. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Swarthout, Robert F.; Keller, Jennifer M.; Kucklick, John R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Swarthout, Robert F.] Coll Charleston, Environm Studies Program, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Peden-Adams, Margie; Fair, Patricia A.] Med Univ S Carolina, Marine Biomed & Environm Sci Ctr, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Landry, Andre M.] Texas A&M Univ, Sea Turtle & Fisheries Ecol Res Lab, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Fair, Patricia A.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, NOS, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Kucklick, JR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, 301 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM John.Kucklick@noaa.gov
FU NOAH Marine Debris/Ulysses
FX We would like to acknowledge David Costa, Leonard Kenyon, and Dr. Hui
Chen-Stavros from Texas A&M University at Galveston for collecting the
turtle samples from the Gulf of Mexico, and David Whitaker, AI Segars,
Phil Maier, and Mike Arendt at the SCDNR for collecting the turtle
samples from the Atlantic coast. We thank Dr. David Owens and Michelle
Lee at the College of Charleston for providing the testosterone
concentrations. This work was authorized by Louisiana Department of
Wildlife and Fisheries Permits S-18A-2001 and LNHP-01-006, Texas Parks
and Wildlife Department Permit SPR-0590-094, National Marine Fisheries
Service Permit 1133, US Fish and Wildlife Service Permit TE 776123-1,
and was funded by the NOAH Marine Debris/Ulysses Settlement Project.
NR 40
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 37
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 78
IS 6
BP 731
EP 741
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.059
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 561AA
UT WOS:000274945900014
PM 20004460
ER
PT J
AU Dall'Amico, M
Gray, LJ
Rosenlof, KH
Scaife, AA
Shine, KP
Stott, PA
AF Dall'Amico, Mauro
Gray, Lesley J.
Rosenlof, Karen H.
Scaife, Adam A.
Shine, Keith P.
Stott, Peter A.
TI Stratospheric temperature trends: impact of ozone variability and the
QBO
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE All-forcings simulations of recent climate assessed by the IPCC 2007
AR4; Observed zonal mean ozone distributions; QBO of stratospheric
equatorial zonal wind; 11-year solar cycle; Volcanic eruptions of El
Chichon and Mt. Pinatubo; Variability and trends of stratospheric
temperatures
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; SOLAR MESOSPHERE EXPLORER;
ENVIRONMENTAL-MODEL HADGEM1; HEMISPHERE CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL DEEP
CONVECTION; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ANNULAR MODES;
DATA SET; PART II
AB In most climate simulations used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2007 fourth assessment report, stratospheric processes are only poorly represented. For example, climatological or simple specifications of time-varying ozone concentrations are imposed and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of equatorial stratospheric zonal wind is absent. Here we investigate the impact of an improved stratospheric representation using two sets of perturbed simulations with the Hadley Centre coupled ocean atmosphere model HadGEM1 with natural and anthropogenic forcings for the 1979-2003 period. In the first set of simulations, the usual zonal mean ozone climatology with superimposed trends is replaced with a time series of observed zonal mean ozone distributions that includes interannual variability associated with the solar cycle, QBO and volcanic eruptions. In addition to this, the second set of perturbed simulations includes a scheme in which the stratospheric zonal wind in the tropics is relaxed to appropriate zonal mean values obtained from the ERA-40 re-analysis, thus forcing a QBO. Both of these changes are applied strictly to the stratosphere only. The improved ozone field results in an improved simulation of the stepwise temperature transitions observed in the lower stratosphere in the aftermath of the two major recent volcanic eruptions. The contribution of the solar cycle signal in the ozone field to this improved representation of the stepwise cooling is discussed. The improved ozone field and also the QBO result in an improved simulation of observed trends, both globally and at tropical latitudes. The Eulerian upwelling in the lower stratosphere in the equatorial region is enhanced by the improved ozone field and is affected by the QBO relaxation, yet neither induces a significant change in the upwelling trend.
C1 [Dall'Amico, Mauro; Gray, Lesley J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, NCAS Climate, Reading, Berks, England.
[Rosenlof, Karen H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Scaife, Adam A.; Stott, Peter A.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Dall'Amico, M (reprint author), Inst Phys Atmosphare, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
EM Mauro.DallAmico@dlr.de
RI Shine, Keith/D-9093-2012; Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Stott,
Peter/N-1228-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Shine, Keith/0000-0003-2672-9978; Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270;
Stott, Peter/0000-0003-4853-7686;
NR 77
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 2-3
BP 381
EP 398
DI 10.1007/s00382-009-0604-x
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 546JZ
UT WOS:000273808400013
ER
PT J
AU Dall'Amico, M
Stott, PA
Scaife, AA
Gray, LJ
Rosenlof, KH
Karpechko, AY
AF Dall'Amico, Mauro
Stott, Peter A.
Scaife, Adam A.
Gray, Lesley J.
Rosenlof, Karen H.
Karpechko, Alexey Yu.
TI Impact of stratospheric variability on tropospheric climate change
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Simulations of recent climate with natural and anthropogenic forcings
assessed by the IPCC 2007 AR4; Observed ozone distributions;
Quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of stratospheric equatorial zonal wind;
Variability and trends at the tropopause and in the troposphere;
Response to the volcanic eruptions of El Chichon and Mt. Pinatubo
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; 20TH-CENTURY TEMPERATURE-CHANGE;
ENVIRONMENTAL-MODEL HADGEM1; TROPICAL DEEP CONVECTION;
SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION;
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ARCTIC OSCILLATION
AB An improved stratospheric representation has been included in simulations with the Hadley Centre HadGEM1 coupled ocean atmosphere model with natural and anthropogenic forcings for the period 1979-2003. An improved stratospheric ozone dataset is employed that includes natural variations in ozone as well as the usual anthropogenic trends. In addition, in a second set of simulations the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) of stratospheric equatorial zonal wind is also imposed using a relaxation towards ERA-40 zonal wind values. The resulting impact on tropospheric variability and trends is described. We show that the modelled cooling rate at the tropopause is enhanced by the improved ozone dataset and this improvement is even more marked when the QBO is also included. The same applies to warming trends in the upper tropical troposphere which are slightly reduced. Our stratospheric improvements produce a significant increase of internal variability but no change in the positive trend of annual mean global mean near-surface temperature. Warming rates are increased significantly over a large portion of the Arctic Ocean. The improved stratospheric representation, especially the QBO relaxation, causes a substantial reduction in near-surface temperature and precipitation response to the El Chichn eruption, especially in the tropical region. The winter increase in the phase of the northern annular mode observed in the aftermath of the two major recent volcanic eruptions is partly captured, especially after the El Chichn eruption. The positive trend in the southern annular mode (SAM) is increased and becomes statistically significant which demonstrates that the observed increase in the SAM is largely subject to internal variability in the stratosphere. The possible inclusion in simulations for future assessments of full ozone chemistry and a gravity wave scheme to internally generate a QBO is discussed.
C1 [Dall'Amico, Mauro] Inst Physik Atmosphare, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Stott, Peter A.; Scaife, Adam A.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Rosenlof, Karen H.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dall'Amico, Mauro; Gray, Lesley J.] Univ Reading, NCAS Climate, Reading, Berks, England.
[Stott, Peter A.; Scaife, Adam A.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Rosenlof, Karen H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Karpechko, Alexey Yu.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
RP Dall'Amico, M (reprint author), Inst Atmospher Phys, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
EM Mauro.DallAmico@dlr.de
RI Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Stott, Peter/N-1228-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Stott, Peter/0000-0003-4853-7686;
FU UK National Environment Research Council; Joint DECC, Defra and MoD
Integrated Climate Programme-DECC/Defra [GA01101, CBC/2B/0417_AnnexC5]
FX Funding was provided by the UK National Environment Research Council.
Peter Stott and Adam Scaife were supported by the Joint DECC, Defra and
MoD Integrated Climate Programme-DECC/Defra (GA01101), MoD
(CBC/2B/0417_AnnexC5). We wish to thank Keith Shine, Terry Davies, Jason
Lowe, Gareth Jones, Scott Osprey, Warwick Norton, Jonathan Gregory,
Oliver Browne, Gareth Marshall, Michael Ponater, Robert Sausen and
Veronika Eyring for their help in acquiring and processing data, their
illuminating suggestions and their support. We also wish to thank all
those people at the UK Met Office and various UK Universities who
contributed throughout the years to the development of the Hadley Centre
Global Environmental Model and ancillary datasets.
NR 85
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 2-3
BP 399
EP 417
DI 10.1007/s00382-009-0580-1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 546JZ
UT WOS:000273808400014
ER
PT J
AU Chellappa, R
Sinha, P
Phillips, PJ
AF Chellappa, Rama
Sinha, Pawan
Phillips, P. Jonathon
TI FACE RECOGNITION BY COMPUTERS AND HUMANS
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Article
AB Research into face recognition offers research opportunities that will challenge scientists and engineers for years to come. Robust face-recognition systems, for example, can be used in projects related to homeland security, human-computer interaction, and many consumer applications.
C1 [Chellappa, Rama] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sinha, Pawan] MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Phillips, P. Jonathon] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chellappa, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM rama@cfar.umd.edu; psinha@mit.edu; jonathon@nist.gov
NR 13
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9162
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
BP 46
EP 55
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 559WK
UT WOS:000274858800011
ER
PT J
AU Laikre, L
Allendorf, FW
Aroner, LC
Baker, CS
Gregovich, DP
Hansen, MM
Jackson, JA
Kendall, KC
McKelvey, K
Neel, MC
Olivieri, I
Ryman, N
Schwartz, MK
Bull, RS
Stetz, JB
Tallmon, DA
Taylor, BL
Vojta, CD
Waller, DM
Waples, RS
AF Laikre, Linda
Allendorf, Fred W.
Aroner, Laurel C.
Baker, C. Scott
Gregovich, David P.
Hansen, Michael M.
Jackson, Jennifer A.
Kendall, Katherine C.
McKelvey, Kevin
Neel, Maile C.
Olivieri, Isabelle
Ryman, Nils
Schwartz, Michael K.
Bull, Ruth Short
Stetz, Jeffrey B.
Tallmon, David A.
Taylor, Barbara L.
Vojta, Christina D.
Waller, Donald M.
Waples, Robin S.
TI Neglect of Genetic Diversity in Implementation of the Convention on
Biological Diversity
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; POPULATIONS; COMMUNITY; MUTATION
C1 [Laikre, Linda; Ryman, Nils] Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, Div Populat Genet, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Allendorf, Fred W.; Aroner, Laurel C.; Bull, Ruth Short] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Baker, C. Scott; Jackson, Jennifer A.] Oregon State Univ, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Baker, C. Scott; Jackson, Jennifer A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Gregovich, David P.; Taylor, Barbara L.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA.
[Hansen, Michael M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biol Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[McKelvey, Kevin; Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Neel, Maile C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Neel, Maile C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Olivieri, Isabelle] Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France.
[Tallmon, David A.] Univ Alaska SE, Biol & Marine Biol Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Vojta, Christina D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
[Waples, Robin S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Waller, Donald M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Laikre, L (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, Div Populat Genet, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM linda.laikre@popgen.su.se
RI Jackson, Jennifer/E-7997-2013; Hansen, Michael/I-5979-2013; Schwartz,
Michael/C-3184-2014; Olivieri, Isabelle/E-5872-2016; Waples,
Robin/K-1126-2016
OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-5372-4828; Schwartz,
Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367;
FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF) [EF-0423641]; National
Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. National Science
Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara;
State of California; Formas; BONUS Baltic Organisations' Network for
Funding Science EEIG; U.S. Forest Service; University of Montana
FX We thank J. Hellmann and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments.
This work was conducted as part of the Working Group on Genetic
Monitoring: Development of Tools for Conservation and Management,
jointly supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF #
EF-0423641) and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis, a Center funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF
# DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the
State of California. L. L. acknowledges financial support from Formas
and BONUS Baltic Organisations' Network for Funding Science EEIG. The
work of L. C. A. on this project was supported by a Joint Research
Venture between the U.S. Forest Service and the University of Montana.
NR 22
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 9
U2 60
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 86
EP 88
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01425.x
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 544VF
UT WOS:000273686700013
PM 20028412
ER
PT J
AU Chittaro, PM
Kaplan, IC
Keller, A
Levin, PS
AF Chittaro, P. M.
Kaplan, I. C.
Keller, A.
Levin, P. S.
TI Trade-Offs between Species Conservation and the Size of Marine Protected
Areas
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity conservation; marine protected areas; species-area
relationships
ID REEF FISH ASSEMBLAGES; RESERVE DESIGN; CORAL-REEFS; DIVERSITY;
BIODIVERSITY; SUSTAINABILITY; MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM; IMPACTS; ISLANDS
AB Moving from single-species- to ecosystem-based management requires an understanding of how community-level attributes such as diversity change with area. We used survey data from bottom trawls to examine spatial patterns of species richness in U. S. Pacific coastal fishes. Specifically, we generated and compared species-area relationships (SARs) for species classified into several groups on the basis of maximum body size, trophic level, diet, maximum depth, geographic affinity, and taxonomic order. Because SARs among groups were not parallel and z values varied significantly for several groups, groups of species were under- or overrepresented (depending on the size of the area) relative to their proportions in the entire community (i.e., entire U. S. Pacific coast). In this way, differences in SARs help demonstrate trade-offs between species representation and coastal area and suggest strategies (such as targeting the protection of habitats and locations where a particular species or groups of species are maximized) that may minimize the size of marine protected areas (MPAs) but protect diversity at the level of the community and functional group.
C1 [Chittaro, P. M.; Kaplan, I. C.; Keller, A.; Levin, P. S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Chittaro, PM (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM paul.chittaro@noaa.gov
NR 52
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 197
EP 206
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01323.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 544VF
UT WOS:000273686700025
PM 19758392
ER
PT J
AU Granek, EF
Polasky, S
Kappel, CV
Reed, DJ
Stoms, DM
Koch, EW
Kennedy, CJ
Cramer, LA
Hacker, SD
Barbier, EB
Aswani, S
Ruckelshaus, M
Perillo, GME
Silliman, BR
Muthiga, N
Bael, D
Wolanski, E
AF Granek, Elise F.
Polasky, Stephen
Kappel, Carrie V.
Reed, Denise J.
Stoms, David M.
Koch, Evamaria W.
Kennedy, Chris J.
Cramer, Lori A.
Hacker, Sally D.
Barbier, Edward B.
Aswani, Shankar
Ruckelshaus, Mary
Perillo, Gerardo M. E.
Silliman, Brian R.
Muthiga, Nyawira
Bael, David
Wolanski, Eric
TI Ecosystem Services as a Common Language for Coastal Ecosystem-Based
Management
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal ecosystems; coastal management; communication; ecosystem-based
management; ecosystem services
ID FRANCISCO BAY ESTUARY; WAVE ATTENUATION; COMMUNITIES; GOVERNANCE;
SEAGRASS; VALUES
AB Ecosystem-based management is logistically and politically challenging because ecosystems are inherently complex and management decisions affect a multitude of groups. Coastal ecosystems, which lie at the interface between marine and terrestrial ecosystems and provide an array of ecosystem services to different groups, aptly illustrate these challenges. Successful ecosystem-based management of coastal ecosystems requires incorporating scientific information and the knowledge and views of interested parties into the decision-making process. Estimating the provision of ecosystem services under alternative management schemes offers a systematic way to incorporate biogeophysical and socioeconomic information and the views of individuals and groups in the policy and management process. Employing ecosystem services as a common language to improve the process of ecosystem-based management presents both benefits and difficulties. Benefits include a transparent method for assessing trade-offs associated with management alternatives, a common set of facts and common currency on which to base negotiations, and improved communication among groups with competing interests or differing worldviews. Yet challenges to this approach remain, including predicting how human interventions will affect ecosystems, how such changes will affect the provision of ecosystem services, and how changes in service provision will affect the welfare of different groups in society. In a case study from Puget Sound, Washington, we illustrate the potential of applying ecosystem services as a common language for ecosystem-based management.
C1 [Granek, Elise F.] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Polasky, Stephen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Kappel, Carrie V.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Reed, Denise J.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
[Stoms, David M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Koch, Evamaria W.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Kennedy, Chris J.; Barbier, Edward B.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Cramer, Lori A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hacker, Sally D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Aswani, Shankar] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Anthropol & IGP Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary] NOAA, Fisheries NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Perillo, Gerardo M. E.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Argentino Oceanog, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Perillo, Gerardo M. E.] Univ Nacl Sur, Dept Geol, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Silliman, Brian R.] Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Muthiga, Nyawira] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Mombasa 80107, Kenya.
[Bael, David] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Wolanski, Eric] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
[Wolanski, Eric] James Cook Univ, ACTFR, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
RP Granek, EF (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM graneke@pdx.edu
OI Kennedy, Chris/0000-0002-0360-9116; Kappel, Carrie/0000-0003-2507-8042
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science
Foundation [DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State
of California; David and Lucile Packard Foundation
FX This work was conducted by the Measuring Ecological, Economic, and
Social Values of Coastal Habitats to Inform Ecosystem-Based Management
of Land-Sea Interfaces Working Group supported by the National Center
for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the National Science
Foundation (grant DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa
Barbara, the State of California, and the David and Lucile Packard
Foundation. We thank N. Baron, S. Lester, K. McLeod, and M. Wright for
their constructive comments and R. Rice and B. Halpern for valuable
advice in developing Fig. 1.
NR 43
TC 68
Z9 71
U1 5
U2 101
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 1
BP 207
EP 216
DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01355.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 544VF
UT WOS:000273686700026
PM 19906066
ER
PT J
AU Quinn, JB
Quinn, GD
AF Quinn, Janet B.
Quinn, George D.
TI A practical and systematic review of Weibull statistics for reporting
strengths of dental materials
SO DENTAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Weibull; Review; Weibull standards; Flaw population; Extreme value
distribution; Strength distribution; Characteristic strength; Strength
comparison; Equivalent volume; Equivalent area; Alumina; Zirconia;
Porcelain; Weibull modulus; Strength scaling; Maximum likelihood; Linear
regression
ID BRITTLE MATERIALS; CERAMICS; FRACTURE; ALUMINA; FLEXURE; FRACTOGRAPHY;
FAILURE
AB Objectives. To review the history, theory and current applications of Weibull analyses sufficient to make informed decisions regarding practical use of the analysis in dental material strength testing.
Data. References are made to examples in the engineering and dental literature, but this paper also includes illustrative analyses of Weibull plots, fractographic interpretations, and Weibull distribution parameters obtained for a dense alumina, two feldspathic porcelains, and a zirconia.
Sources. Informational sources include Weibull's original articles, later articles specific to applications and theoretical foundations of Weibull analysis, texts on statistics and fracture mechanics and the international standards literature.
Study selection. The chosen Weibull analyses are used to illustrate technique, the importance of flaw size distributions, physical meaning of Weibull parameters and concepts of "equivalent volumes" to compare measured strengths obtained from different test configurations.
Conclusions. Weibull analysis has a strong theoretical basis and can be of particular value in dental applications, primarily because of test specimen size limitations and the use of different test configurations. Also endemic to dental materials, however, is increased difficulty in satisfying application requirements, such as confirming fracture origin type and diligence in obtaining quality strength data. (C) 2009 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Quinn, Janet B.; Quinn, George D.] NIST, ADAF, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Quinn, GD (reprint author), NIST, ADAF, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Stop 854-6, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM george.quinn@nist.gov
FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE017983, R01 DE017983-02]
NR 55
TC 96
Z9 97
U1 5
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0109-5641
J9 DENT MATER
JI Dent. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 2
BP 135
EP 147
DI 10.1016/j.dental.2009.09.006
PG 13
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science
GA 552JS
UT WOS:000274286700015
PM 19945745
ER
PT J
AU Head, JA
Kennedy, SW
AF Head, Jessica A.
Kennedy, Sean W.
TI Correlation between an in vitro and an in vivo measure of dioxin
sensitivity in birds
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE EROD; Egg injection; Avian; Dioxin-like compound; EC50; LD50
ID HALOGENATED AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; COPLANAR
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CYTOCHROME-P4501A MESSENGER-RNA;
DIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; O-DEETHYLASE; HEPATOCYTE CULTURES; FACTORS TEFS;
RELATIVE POTENCIES; CHICK-EMBRYOS
AB We describe a statistically significant correlation between two well-characterized responses to dioxin-like compounds in birds; induction of 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in cultured hepatocytes, and embryo mortality. Data were obtained from a review of the literature. EROD EC50 values for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 6 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were strongly correlated with LD50 values in chicken embryos (r (2) = 0.93, P < 0.005). Similarly, EROD EC50 values for TCDD and a potent dioxin-like compound, PCB 126, were correlated with embryonic LD50 values in different species of birds (chicken, ring-necked pheasant, turkey, double-crested cormorant, and common tern) (r (2) = 0.92, P < 0.005). Our findings contribute to a developing understanding of the molecular basis for differential dioxin sensitivity in birds, and validate the EROD bioassay as a useful predictive tool for ecological risk assessment.
C1 Univ Michigan & NOAAs Great Lakes Environm Res La, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosystem Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Head, Jessica A.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Head, Jessica A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Kennedy, Sean W.] Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
[Kennedy, Sean W.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ctr Adv Res Environm Genom, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
RP Head, JA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM jesshead@umich.edu
FU Environment Canada's Wildlife Toxicology and Disease program
FX This work was funded in part by Environment Canada's Wildlife Toxicology
and Disease program.
NR 30
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 19
IS 2
BP 377
EP 382
DI 10.1007/s10646-009-0421-3
PG 6
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 548PP
UT WOS:000273979000014
PM 19784771
ER
PT J
AU Fullerton, AH
Jensen, D
Steel, EA
Miller, D
McElhany, P
AF Fullerton, A. H.
Jensen, D.
Steel, E. A.
Miller, D.
McElhany, P.
TI How Certain Are Salmon Recovery Forecasts? A Watershed-scale Sensitivity
Analysis
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Uncertainty; Decision; Watershed restoration; Conservation; Land
management
ID PACIFIC SALMON; UNCERTAINTY; OREGON; RISK; POPULATIONS; PERFORMANCE;
WASHINGTON; WOOD
AB Complex relationships between landscape and aquatic habitat conditions and salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations make science-based management decisions both difficult and essential. Due to a paucity of empirical data, models characterizing these relationships are often used to forecast future conditions. We evaluated uncertainties in a suite of models that predict possible future habitat conditions and fish responses in the Lewis River Basin, Washington, USA. We evaluated sensitivities of predictions to uncertainty in model parameters. Results were sensitive to 60% of model parameters but substantially so (|partial regression coefficients| > 0.5) to < 10%. We also estimated accuracy of several predictions using field surveys. Observations mostly fell within predicted ranges for riparian shade and fine-sediment deposition, but large woody debris estimates matched only half the time. We provide suggestions to modelers for improving model accountability, and describe how managers can incorporate prediction uncertainty into decision-making, thereby improving the odds of successful salmon habitat recovery.
C1 [Fullerton, A. H.; Jensen, D.; Steel, E. A.; McElhany, P.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Miller, D.] Earth Syst Inst, Seattle, WA 98107 USA.
RP Fullerton, AH (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Aimee.Fullerton@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries Service; Northwest Fisheries Science Center
FX We thank A. Booy, B. Burke, J. Burke, K. Campbell, Y. Caras, J.
Scheurer, and M. Sheer for field assistance with stream surveys. We
thank B. Burke, C. Harvey, and A. Mullan for comments on earlier
versions of this manuscript. Funding was provided by NOAA Fisheries
Service, and by an internal grant from the Northwest Fisheries Science
Center to AHF.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1420-2026
J9 ENVIRON MODEL ASSESS
JI Environ. Model. Assess.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 1
BP 13
EP 26
DI 10.1007/s10666-008-9185-z
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 544TV
UT WOS:000273683100002
ER
PT J
AU Balthis, WL
Hyland, JL
Fulton, MH
Pennington, PL
Cooksey, C
Key, PB
DeLorenzo, ME
Wirth, EF
AF Balthis, W. L.
Hyland, J. L.
Fulton, M. H.
Pennington, P. L.
Cooksey, C.
Key, P. B.
DeLorenzo, M. E.
Wirth, E. F.
TI Effects of chemically spiked sediments on estuarine benthic communities:
a controlled mesocosm study
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthic mesocosm; Macroinfauna; Chemically spiked sediment; Sediment
quality guidelines; Effects range median
ID QUALITY GUIDELINES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SOUTHEASTERN US; SOUTH-CAROLINA;
TOXICITY; MIXTURES; CONTAMINATION; PHENANTHRENE; STRESS; RANGES
AB Ambient sediments were collected from a reference site in the North Edisto River, SC and transferred to a laboratory facility to investigate effects of chemical contaminants on estuarine infaunal communities under controlled mesocosm conditions. Sediment contaminant slurries were prepared using dried sediments collected from the reference site and spiked with a metal (copper), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pyrene), and a pesticide (4,4(')-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) to yield nominal mean effects range-median (ERM) quotients of < 0.01 (no addition), 0.1, and 1.0 and applied to control, low dose (TRT A), and high dose (TRT B) treatment groups, respectively. Sediment samples for contaminant and benthic analyses were collected at the start of the experiment, 1 month after dosing, and 3 months after dosing. Near-nominal mean ERM quotients of 0.001, 0.075, and 0.818 were measured initially after dosing and remained fairly constant throughout the experiment. Measures of benthic condition, diversity, and richness were significantly reduced in both treatment groups relative to the control 1 month after dosing and persisted in TRT B at 3 months. The results demonstrate that benthic community effects can be observed at mean ERM quotients that are about an order of magnitude lower than levels that have been shown to be associated with significant toxicity in acute laboratory bioassays with single species (e.g., amphipods) in other studies.
C1 [Balthis, W. L.; Hyland, J. L.; Fulton, M. H.; Pennington, P. L.; Cooksey, C.; Key, P. B.; DeLorenzo, M. E.; Wirth, E. F.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
RP Balthis, WL (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
EM Len.Balthis@noaa.gov
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
EI 1573-2959
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 161
IS 1-4
BP 191
EP 203
DI 10.1007/s10661-008-0737-0
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 541FI
UT WOS:000273399900015
PM 19184628
ER
PT J
AU Thupaki, P
Phanikumar, MS
Beletsky, D
Schwab, DJ
Nevers, MB
Whitman, RL
AF Thupaki, Pramod
Phanikumar, Mantha S.
Beletsky, Dmitry
Schwab, David J.
Nevers, Meredith B.
Whitman, Richard L.
TI Budget Analysis of Escherichia coli at a Southern Lake Michigan Beach
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; SURF ZONE; INACTIVATION; TRANSPORT; WATERS;
ENTEROCOCCI; COASTAL
AB Escherichia coli(EC) concentrations at two beaches impacted by river plume dynamics in southern Lake Michigan were analyzed using three-dimensional hydrodynamic and transport models. The relative importance of various physical and biological processes influencing the fate and transport of EC were examined via budget analysis and a first-order sensitivity analysis of model parameters. The along-shore advective flux of EC(CFU/m(2).s) was found to be higher compared to its cross-shore counterpart; however, the sum of diffusive and advective components was of a comparable magnitude in both directions showing the importance of cross-shore exchange in EC transport. Examination of individual terms in the EC mass balance equation showed that vertical turbulent mixing in the water column dominated the overall EC transport for the summer conditions simulated. Dilution due to advection and diffusion accounted for a large portion of the total EC budget in the nearshore, and the net EC loss rate within the water column (CFU/m(3).s) was an order of magnitude smaller compared to the horizontal and vertical transport rates. This result has important implications for modeling EC at recreational beaches; however, the assessment of the magnitude of EC loss rate is complicated due to the strong coupling between vertical exchange and depth-dependent EC loss processes such as sunlight inactivation and settling. Sensitivity analysis indicated that solar inactivation has the greatest impact on EC loss rates. Although these results are site-specific, they clearly bring out the relative importance of various processes involved.
C1 [Thupaki, Pramod; Phanikumar, Mantha S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Beletsky, Dmitry] Univ Michigan, CILER, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Schwab, David J.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Nevers, Meredith B.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN USA.
RP Phanikumar, MS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM phani@msu.edu
RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012; Thupaki, Pramod/C-6716-2013;
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734; Beletsky,
Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588
FU NOAA Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health
FX This research was funded by the NOAA Center of Excellence for Great
Lakes and Human Health. Computer time on the Cluster computer at the MSU
High Performance Computing Center (HPCC) is gratefully acknowledged.
This article is Contribution 1562 of the USGS Great Lakes Science
Center.
NR 20
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 3
BP 1010
EP 1016
DI 10.1021/es902232a
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 548HD
UT WOS:000273950100027
PM 20043679
ER
PT J
AU Liermann, MC
Sharma, R
Parken, CK
AF Liermann, M. C.
Sharma, R.
Parken, C. K.
TI Using accessible watershed size to predict management parameters for
Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, populations with little or no
spawner-recruit data: a Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE capacity; fish-habitat model; hierarchical model; life history; maximum
sustainable yield; population dynamics
ID MAXIMUM REPRODUCTIVE RATE; SMOLT ABUNDANCE; STOCK; FISHERIES; FISH
AB P>Escapement goals for Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), populations tend to be highly uncertain due to variability in, and in some cases complete absence of, spawner-recruit data. A previous study of 25 populations from Oregon to Alaska demonstrated that watershed size is a good predictor of unfished equilibrium population size. Here this relationship is further developed by evaluating a series of Bayesian hierarchical models of increasing complexity. The model that performed best included a temporal random walk to account for patterns in the spawner-recruit residuals and life history-specific distributions for the productivity parameter.
C1 [Liermann, M. C.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Sharma, R.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR USA.
[Parken, C. K.] Fisheries & Oceans, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC, Canada.
RP Liermann, MC (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Martin.liermann@noaa.gov
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0969-997X
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 1
BP 40
EP 51
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00719.x
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 541XY
UT WOS:000273456000006
ER
PT J
AU Dunn, DC
Stewart, K
Bjorkland, RH
Haughton, M
Singh-Renton, S
Lewison, R
Thorne, L
Halpin, PN
AF Dunn, D. C.
Stewart, K.
Bjorkland, R. H.
Haughton, M.
Singh-Renton, S.
Lewison, R.
Thorne, L.
Halpin, P. N.
TI A regional analysis of coastal and domestic fishing effort in the wider
Caribbean
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Artisanal; Coastal; Caribbean; Fishing effort; Small-scale fisheries;
Spatial analysis
ID SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES; GILLNET FISHERIES; BYCATCH; POPULATION;
ECOSYSTEMS; GOVERNANCE; MANAGEMENT; DATABASE; HABITAT; CARICOM
AB Although regulated fishing effort is relatively well documented for fisheries in developed states, developing countries are dominated by artisanal fisheries that are characterized by large numbers of small boats, fishing in dispersed and remote locations. These factors make quantifying artisanal fishing effort difficult. In this study, we examined the distribution and density of fishing effort across a region dominated by coastal, artisanal fisheries: the wider Caribbean. We used generalized linear regression models to predict missing data needed to compute fishing effort metrics and to explain variance in average boat length of a fishery and the number of small-scale boats in a given country. Clear intra-regional differences between mainland and island fisheries, and between northern and southern Caribbean fisheries, are evident in the results. To map artisanal fisheries based on the minimal data available, we created a free, automated Fishing Effort Envelope Tool (FEET). Through the use of this tool, we mapped all fisheries in the Caribbean to the extent possible given current data. Further, this mapping process also allowed us to identify hotspots of high density coastal fishing and data gaps that may mask areas of even higher fishing pressure. The potential ecological consequences of the scale of artisanal fishing are profound, and have greater implications for developing regions worldwide. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dunn, D. C.; Halpin, P. N.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Marine Geospatial Ecol Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Dunn, D. C.; Stewart, K.; Bjorkland, R. H.; Lewison, R.; Thorne, L.; Halpin, P. N.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Project GloBAL, Duke Ctr Marine Conservat,Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Stewart, K.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Haughton, M.; Singh-Renton, S.] Caribbean Reg Fisheries Mechanism Secretariat, Kingstown, St Vincent.
[Lewison, R.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Dunn, DC (reprint author), Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Marine Geospatial Ecol Lab, 135 Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM danielcdunn@gmail.com
OI Dunn, Daniel/0000-0001-8932-0681
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the help of J. Gumb, K. Rawlins,
C. Durrell, P. Ramotar, C. Isaac, A. Murray, J. Masters, J. Jeffers, P.
Hubert-Medar, R. Ryan, K. Lockhart, Y. Babb-Echteld, D. Chacon-Chaverri,
C. Quesada, L. Louis Jean, C. Cayol. Without the input and review of the
fishing effort dataset by these and other local experts, this study
would not have been possible. We are also indebted to the work of L.
Lester, N. Saladin, C. Gille, J. Acebes, E. Flores and N. Rossi for
their help in gathering the data, and J. Moore for his statistical
support. The Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM) played a
critical role in fostering communication with national fisheries
experts, and we thank them sincerely for their help. We would also like
to acknowledge the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for their generous
support of Project GloBAL, the grant under which this work was
performed. This manuscript was greatly improved through constructive
reviews by members of the Marine Geospatial Ecology Lab at Duke
University, especially E. Labrecque, B. Best, C. Good and J. Roberts. As
always the authors are indebted to their family and friends,
particularly J. Dunn and J. Smith.
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 102
IS 1-2
BP 60
EP 68
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.010
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 552WA
UT WOS:000274323200007
ER
PT J
AU A'mar, ZT
Punt, AE
Dorn, MW
AF A'mar, Z. Teresa
Punt, Andre E.
Dorn, Martin W.
TI Incorporating ecosystem forcing through predation into a management
strategy evaluation for the Gulf of Alaska walleye pollock (Theragra
chalcogramma) fishery
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries management; Management strategy evaluation; Predation; Walleye
pollock; Gulf of Alaska
ID SEA
AB An emerging goal of national and international fisheries management organizations is the development of an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management. The mechanisms determining changes in an ecosystem and their impacts on marine populations are not well established for most species, but the expectations of managers are that these impacts should be accounted for when selecting management strategies. Predation is an important component of ecosystem dynamics, and predator-prey functional responses can be used to represent predation in multi-species population dynamics models. The predators of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the Gulf of Alaska include arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias), Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). Management strategy evaluation is used to examine the impact of changes over time in natural mortality-at-age related to trends in predator abundance on the performance of the current management strategy for the fishery for walleye pollock in the Gulf of Alaska. The current management strategy is evaluated under nine scenarios which capture uncertainty regarding the predator-prey functional relationship and the level of future fishing mortality on the predators. The current management strategy, which ignores the possibility of changes over time in natural mortality, kept the spawning biomass high relative to the target level and had a low risk of fishing mortality exceeding the overfishing limit, due to low catches relative to the total biomass. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [A'mar, Z. Teresa; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Dorn, Martin W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP A'mar, ZT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM zta@myuw.net; aepunt@u.washington.edu; Martin.Dorn@noaa.gov
OI Punt, Andre/0000-0001-8489-2488
NR 35
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 102
IS 1-2
BP 98
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.014
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 552WA
UT WOS:000274323200011
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, IJ
Keller, AA
Fruh, EL
Simon, VH
Horness, BH
AF Stewart, Ian J.
Keller, Aimee A.
Fruh, Erica L.
Simon, Victor H.
Horness, Beth H.
TI Throwing in the towel: When do adverse conditions dictate a weather day
during a bottom trawl survey?
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Catch-per-unit-effort; Sea-state; Biomass index; Research survey; Waves
ID CAPTURE EFFICIENCY; BRIDLE EFFICIENCY; PERFORMANCE; FLATFISH; CONTACT;
LENGTH; SPEED; SEA
AB Fishermen and field biologists routinely work under difficult conditions. It is natural in this setting to continue fishing during bad weather as long as safety is not compromised. However, as conditions deteriorate, the effectiveness of trawl survey gear may be reduced well before safety considerations force the cessation of sampling activity. Through comparison of 1754 hauls conducted on chartered vessels between 2003 and 2005 on the shelf and slope of the U.S. West Coast, we show a significant reduction in catch rates of bottom dwelling fish and invertebrates as a function of visually estimated wave height. Comparing randomly located trawl sets that occurred fortuitously close to one another, we conclude that to reduce the estimated effect of wave height on benthic species catch rates (and potentially relative biomass estimates) survey trawl activities on these vessels should be halted when wave heights reach six feet (1.83 m). Only 41 hauls from the 2003-2005 data were conducted when wave heights exceeded five feet (1.52 m), however their exclusion reduces the maximum expected bias in any single tow due to wave height by similar to 31%. Further reductions in maximum wave height for routine sampling would begin to exclude geographic areas of the survey introducing a new bias to the randomized design. We further encourage the routine electronic measurement of vertical motion due to wave action during sampling so that future analyses can improve our understanding of its effect on trawl survey catch rates. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stewart, Ian J.; Keller, Aimee A.; Simon, Victor H.; Horness, Beth H.] NOAA Fisheries, NWFSC, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Fruh, Erica L.] NOAA Fisheries, NWFSC Newport Res Stn, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Stewart, IJ (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NWFSC, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Ian.Stewart@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 102
IS 1-2
BP 130
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2009.11.001
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 552WA
UT WOS:000274323200014
ER
PT J
AU Hollinger, DY
Ollinger, SV
Richardson, AD
Meyers, TP
Dail, DB
Martin, ME
Scott, NA
Arkebauer, TJ
Baldocchi, DD
Clark, KL
Curtis, PS
Davis, KJ
Desai, AR
Dragoni, D
Goulden, ML
Gu, L
Katul, GG
Pallardy, SG
Paw, KT
Schmid, HP
Stoy, PC
Suyker, AE
Verma, SB
AF Hollinger, D. Y.
Ollinger, S. V.
Richardson, A. D.
Meyers, T. P.
Dail, D. B.
Martin, M. E.
Scott, N. A.
Arkebauer, T. J.
Baldocchi, D. D.
Clark, K. L.
Curtis, P. S.
Davis, K. J.
Desai, A. R.
Dragoni, D.
Goulden, M. L.
Gu, L.
Katul, G. G.
Pallardy, S. G.
Paw U, K. T.
Schmid, H. P.
Stoy, P. C.
Suyker, A. E.
Verma, S. B.
TI Albedo estimates for land surface models and support for a new paradigm
based on foliage nitrogen concentration
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE albedo; nitrogen; vegetation
ID CANOPY REFLECTANCE; BIOSPHERE MODEL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC
RATE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENERGY FLUXES; BOREAL FOREST;
UNITED-STATES; LEAF NITROGEN
AB Vegetation albedo is a critical component of the Earth's climate system, yet efforts to evaluate and improve albedo parameterizations in climate models have lagged relative to other aspects of model development. Here, we calculated growing season albedos for deciduous and evergreen forests, crops, and grasslands based on over 40 site-years of data from the AmeriFlux network and compared them with estimates presently used in the land surface formulations of a variety of climate models. Generally, the albedo estimates used in land surface models agreed well with this data compilation. However, a variety of models using fixed seasonal estimates of albedo overestimated the growing season albedo of northerly evergreen trees. In contrast, climate models that rely on a common two-stream albedo submodel provided accurate predictions of boreal needle-leaf evergreen albedo but overestimated grassland albedos. Inverse analysis showed that parameters of the two-stream model were highly correlated. Consistent with recent observations based on remotely sensed albedo, the AmeriFlux dataset demonstrated a tight linear relationship between canopy albedo and foliage nitrogen concentration (for forest vegetation: albedo=0.01+0.071%N, r2=0.91; forests, grassland, and maize: albedo=0.02+0.067%N, r2=0.80). However, this relationship saturated at the higher nitrogen concentrations displayed by soybean foliage. We developed similar relationships between a foliar parameter used in the two-stream albedo model and foliage nitrogen concentration. These nitrogen-based relationships can serve as the basis for a new approach to land surface albedo modeling that simplifies albedo estimation while providing a link to other important ecosystem processes.
C1 [Hollinger, D. Y.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Ollinger, S. V.; Richardson, A. D.; Martin, M. E.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Earth Oceans & Space, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Meyers, T. P.] ATDD, ARL, NOAA, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Dail, D. B.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME USA.
[Scott, N. A.] Queens Univ, Dept Geog, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Arkebauer, T. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Baldocchi, D. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Clark, K. L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Silas Little, NJ USA.
[Curtis, P. S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Davis, K. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Desai, A. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Dept, Madison, WI USA.
[Dragoni, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Goulden, M. L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
[Gu, L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Katul, G. G.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC USA.
[Pallardy, S. G.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO USA.
[Paw U, K. T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schmid, H. P.] IFU, FZK IMK, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Stoy, P. C.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Suyker, A. E.; Verma, S. B.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA.
RP Hollinger, DY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM dhollinger@fs.fed.us
RI Stoy, Paul/D-3709-2011; Katul, Gabriel/A-7210-2008; Garmisch-Pa,
Ifu/H-9902-2014; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; Baldocchi,
Dennis/A-1625-2009; Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; Meyers,
Tilden/C-6633-2016; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Goulden,
Michael/B-9934-2008; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Schmid, Hans
Peter/I-1224-2012; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014
OI Stoy, Paul/0000-0002-6053-6232; Katul, Gabriel/0000-0001-9768-3693;
Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Baldocchi, Dennis/0000-0003-3496-4919;
Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Richardson,
Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Schmid, Hans Peter/0000-0001-9076-4466; Gu,
Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738
FU Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, Interagency Agreement
[DE-AI02-07ER64355]; NASA's Carbon Cycle Science Program;
Interdisciplinary Science Program; USDA Forest Service Northern Research
Station
FX We thank the Northeast Wilderness Trust and GMO, LLC for providing
access to the research site in Howland, Maine. This research was
supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy,
Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI02-07ER64355, and NASA's Carbon Cycle
Science Program and Interdisciplinary Science Program with contributions
from the Harvard Forest and Hubbard Brook Long-Term Ecological Research
programs and the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station.
NR 75
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 4
U2 74
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 2
BP 696
EP 710
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02028.x
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 554EX
UT WOS:000274419400017
ER
PT J
AU Richlen, ML
Morton, SL
Jamali, EA
Rajan, A
Anderson, DM
AF Richlen, Mindy L.
Morton, Steve L.
Jamali, Ebrahim A.
Rajan, Anbiah
Anderson, Donald M.
TI The catastrophic 2008-2009 red tide in the Arabian gulf region, with
observations on the identification and phylogeny of the fish-killing
dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Arabian Gulf; Cochlodinium polykrikoides; Dinoflagellate; Fish kill;
HAB; Harmful algal bloom; Red tide
ID FIRST RECORD; LONG-ISLAND; BLOOMS; DINOPHYCEAE; SEA; GYMNODINIALES;
COAST; DNA; SUBSTITUTION; EXTRACTION
AB Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by the marine ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef are responsible for mass mortalities of wild and farmed fish worldwide, with catastrophic impacts to aquaculture and local economies. Here we report on the Cochlodinium species responsible for a severe and widespread HAB in the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman that has lasted for more than eight months at this writing, killing thousands of tons of fish and limiting traditional fishery operations, damaging coral reefs, impacting coastal tourism, and forcing the closure of desalination plants in the region. To identify the causative organism, cultures were established from cells isolated along the Arabian Gulf shore of the United Arab Emirates. Taxonomic analyses using scanning and light microscopy, and partial analysis of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene confirmed the C polykrikoides classification. rRNA gene sequences of C polykrikoides isolates from the Arabian Gulf were identical to isolates from the northeastern USA, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Malaysia, known as the "American/Malaysian" ribotype. To our knowledge, this is the first HAB event associated with C polykrikoides in the Arabian Gulf or the Gulf of Oman. The sudden emergence of C. polykrikoides in these Gulfs coincides with an apparent global expansion of this taxon, as well as a recent increase in HAB impacts observed in this region. The mechanisms underlying this expansion require further investigation, and may include increased nutrient enrichment of coastal waters in the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman from domestic and industrial inputs, natural meteorological and oceanographic forcings, and the recent introduction of this species through ballast water discharge. A pattern of subsequent recurrence of C. polykrikoides blooms following an initial outbreak has been observed in other parts of the world, suggesting that this species may become a persistent HAB problem in this region. As Arabian Gulf countries rely on desalination plants as the primary source of freshwater, the disruption of plant operations by recurring Cochlodinium blooms poses a serious threat to the drinking water supply in the region, and represents an unprecedented HAB impact. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Richlen, Mindy L.; Anderson, Donald M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Morton, Steve L.] NOAA, NOS Marine Biotoxin Program, Charleston, SC 29415 USA.
[Jamali, Ebrahim A.] Minist Environm & Water, Marine Resources Res Ctr, Umm Al Quwain, U Arab Emirates.
[Rajan, Anbiah] Environm Agcy Abu Dhabi, Biodivers Management Marine Sector, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
RP Richlen, ML (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mrichlen@whoi.edu
FU Ministry of Environment and Water (UAE); U.S. National Science
Foundation [OCE-0402707, OCE-9808173, OCE-0430724]; NIEHS
[P50ES012742-0]; NOAA [NA06NOS4780245]
FX The authors thank David Kulis for establishing and maintaining the
cultures used in this study, Judy Kleindinst for her assistance with the
figures, and two anonymous reviewers for their critical review of the
manuscript. We are grateful to the Ministry of Environment and Water
(UAE) for financial and logistic support for this study. Also we extend
our appreciation to Marine Resources Research Centre staff for their
collaboration and support during this study. Funding was provided by
U.S. National Science Foundation grants OCE-0402707, OCE-9808173, and
OCE-0430724 and NIEHS grant P50ES012742-0 through the Woods Hole Center
for Oceans and Human Health. Research support also provided through NOAA
Grant NA06NOS4780245.[SS]
NR 64
TC 93
Z9 100
U1 7
U2 43
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 163
EP 172
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2009.08.013
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 549ZB
UT WOS:000274093500005
ER
PT J
AU Sholom, S
Desrosiers, M
Chumak, V
Luckyanov, N
Simon, SL
Bouville, A
AF Sholom, S.
Desrosiers, M.
Chumak, V.
Luckyanov, N.
Simon, S. L.
Bouville, A.
TI UV EFFECTS IN TOOTH ENAMEL AND THEIR POSSIBLE APPLICATION IN EPR
DOSIMETRY WITH FRONT TEETH
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE biological indicators; dosimetry; dose assessment; ultraviolet radiation
ID PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPECTRA; LIGHT; RECONSTRUCTION
AB The effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on ionizing radiation biodosimetry were studied in human tooth enamel samples using the technique of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in X-band. For samples in the form of grains, UV-specific EPR spectra were spectrally distinct from those produced by exposure to gamma radiation. From larger enamel samples, the UV penetration depth was determined to be in the 60-120 mu m range. The difference in EPR spectra from UV exposure and from exposure to gamma radiation samples was found to be a useful marker of UV equivalent dose (defined as the apparent contribution to the gamma dose in mGy that results from UV radiation absorption) in tooth enamel. This concept was preliminarily tested on front teeth from inhabitants of the region of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (Kazakhstan) who might have received some exposure to gamma radiation from the nuclear tests conducted there as well as from normal UV radiation in sunlight. The technique developed here to quantify and subtract the UV contribution to the measured tooth is currently limited to cumulative dose measurements with a component of UV equivalent dose equal to or greater than 300 mGy. Health Phys. 98(2):360-368; 2010
C1 [Sholom, S.; Chumak, V.] Res Ctr Radiat Med, Lab External Exposure Dosimetry, UA-04050 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Desrosiers, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Luckyanov, N.; Simon, S. L.; Bouville, A.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Sholom, S (reprint author), Res Ctr Radiat Med, Lab External Exposure Dosimetry, Melnikova Str 53, UA-04050 Kiev, Ukraine.
EM sergey_sholom@yahoo.com
RI Chumak, Vadim/N-6960-2015
OI Chumak, Vadim/0000-0001-6045-9356
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the
National Cancer Institute (NCI) [Y2-Al-5077, Y3-CO-5117]
FX This work was supported by the Intra-Agency agreement between the
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the
National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIAID agreement #Y2-Al-5077 and NCI
agreement #Y3-CO-5117. Authors would like to thank to James Puhl,
Joannie Chin, Eric Byrd, Chris White, Jason Garver, and John
Hettenhouser from NIST for their kind assistance with gamma and UV
irradiation of samples.
NR 13
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 98
IS 2
BP 360
EP 368
DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000348002.69740.bd
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 542RH
UT WOS:000273512200037
PM 20065706
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DF
Remley, KA
Gering, JM
Lyons, GS
Lineberry, C
Aivazian, GS
AF Williams, Dylan F.
Remley, Kate A.
Gering, Joseph M.
Lyons, Gregory S.
Lineberry, Corey
Aivazian, Grant S.
TI Comparison of Large-Signal-Network-Analyzer Calibrations
SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Calibration; comparison; large-signal network analysis; scattering
parameters
AB We develop a procedure and metrics for comparing large-signal-network-analyzer calibrations. The metrics we develop provide a bound on differences between measurements obtained from large-signal-network-analyzer calibrations, as well as specific information on how the power, phase, and scattering-parameter portions of the calibrations differ.
C1 [Williams, Dylan F.; Remley, Kate A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gering, Joseph M.; Lyons, Gregory S.; Lineberry, Corey] RF Micro Devices, Greensboro, NC 27409 USA.
[Aivazian, Grant S.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Williams, DF (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dylan@boulder.nist.gov
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1531-1309
J9 IEEE MICROW WIREL CO
JI IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 2
BP 118
EP 120
DI 10.1109/LMWC.2009.2038618
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 553VP
UT WOS:000274395200020
ER
PT J
AU Jimenez-Martinez, R
Griffith, WC
Wang, YJ
Knappe, S
Kitching, J
Smith, K
Prouty, MD
AF Jimenez-Martinez, Ricardo
Griffith, W. Clark
Wang, Ying-Ju
Knappe, Svenja
Kitching, John
Smith, Ken
Prouty, Mark D.
TI Sensitivity Comparison of Mx and Frequency-Modulated Bell-Bloom Cs
Magnetometers in a Microfabricated Cell
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Chip-scale atomic magnetometer; frequency-modulated (FM) light;
microfabricated vapor cell; optically pumped atomic magnetometer;
vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)
ID LASER PHASE NOISE; ATOMIC MAGNETOMETER; VAPOR CELLS; AMPLITUDE NOISE;
OPTICAL SENSOR; TEMPERATURE; CONVERSION; OPERATION; FIELD
AB We compare the sensitivity performance of two optically pumped atomic magnetometers based on the Mx and frequency-modulated Bell-Bloom configurations. The Cs magnetometers are implemented using a millimeter-scale microfabricated vapor cell. It is found that the Bell-Bloom magnetometer yields sensitivities similar to those of the Mx magnetometer when operated under equally optimized conditions. The Bell-Bloom approach offers several attractive features over the Mx approach for chip-scale magnetometer instrumentation.
C1 [Jimenez-Martinez, Ricardo] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Griffith, W. Clark; Knappe, Svenja; Kitching, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wang, Ying-Ju] Cymer Inc, San Diego, CA 92127 USA.
[Smith, Ken; Prouty, Mark D.] Geometrics Inc, San Jose, CA 95131 USA.
RP Jimenez-Martinez, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jimenezm@colorado.edu
FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program
FX This work was supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program. The work of R. Jimenez-Martinez was supported by
the Roberto Rocca Education Program. The Associate Editor coordinating
the review process for this paper was Dr. Juha Kostamovaara.
NR 35
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 18
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9456
J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS
JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 59
IS 2
BP 372
EP 378
DI 10.1109/TIM.2009.2023829
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 543HT
UT WOS:000273565700014
ER
PT J
AU Provenzano, V
Shull, RD
Waterstrat, RM
Bennett, LH
Della Torre, E
Seyoum, H
AF Provenzano, V.
Shull, R. D.
Waterstrat, R. M.
Bennett, L. H.
Della Torre, E.
Seyoum, H.
TI Magnetic Properties of Zr9Ni11 Intermetallic Compound
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 19th International Conference on Soft Magnetic Materials
CY SEP 06-09, 2009
CL Turin, ITALY
SP INRIM, Italian Inst Res Metrol, Politecn Torino, Univ Studi Torino
DE Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions; spin glass; ZFC and FC plots
ID WEAK FERROMAGNETISM
AB We report on a very interesting magnetic behavior in the intermetallic compound Zr9Ni11, namely, (i) spin-glass behavior and (ii) fluctuations in the magnetization versus temperature curves. The magnetic properties are consistent with structural results obtained by neutron diffraction and by scanning and transmission electron microscopies. The fluctuations are believed to arise from the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions occurring in the Zr9Ni11 compound. Between 7.86 kA/m and 31.85 kA/m, the temperature (T-p) of the zero-field cooled (M-ZFC) peak shifted to lower temperatures with increasing field. T-p is found to be proportional to H-b, where is the applied field and the exponent b < 1. The value of is found to be 0.68, which is close to the de Almeida-Thouless 2/3 power law that applies to spin glasses. Published neutron diffraction data showed that a Zr9Ni11 compound possessed Zr9Pt11-type tetragonal structure with columnar atomic chains parallel to the c axis and consisting of alternating Zr and Ni atoms. Small fluctuations present in the M-FC versus plot at 31.85 kA/m are believed to be the result of atomic displacements along these chains over short distances. Another interesting featured observed in the Zr9Ni11 compound is the fact that at 3.98 kA/m the M-ZFC values reside mostly above the corresponding M-FC values.
C1 [Bennett, L. H.; Della Torre, E.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Provenzano, V.; Shull, R. D.; Waterstrat, R. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Seyoum, H.] Univ Dist Columbia, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Della Torre, E (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM edt@gwu.edu
RI Shull, Robert/F-5971-2013
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 2
BP 502
EP 504
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2033351
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 545VP
UT WOS:000273765400086
ER
PT J
AU Remley, KA
Williams, DF
Schreurs, D
Myslinski, M
AF Remley, Kate A.
Williams, Dylan F.
Schreurs, Dominique
Myslinski, Maciej
TI Measurement Bandwidth Extension Using Multisine Signals: Propagation of
Error
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Broadband wireless communications; digitally modulated signal;
large-signal network analyzer (LSNA); multisine signal; phase alignment;
phase detrending; relative phase; sampling oscilloscope; vector signal
analyzer (VSA)
ID NETWORK ANALYZER; DISTORTION; PHASE
AB We describe a post-processing technique that extends the effective measurement bandwidth of narrowband vector receivers by phase aligning overlapping measurements. We study the repeatability of the method and the propagation of errors as increasing numbers of bands are stitched together. The method can be used to find phase errors both in the excitation band of frequencies, as well as in distortion products, for periodic multisine signals.
C1 [Remley, Kate A.; Williams, Dylan F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schreurs, Dominique; Myslinski, Maciej] Katholieke Univ Leuven, ESAT Telem, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
RP Remley, KA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM remley@boulder.nist.gov; dylan@boulder.nist.gov;
Do-minique.Schreurs@esat.kuleuven.be; maciej.myslinski@esat.kuleuven.be
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9480
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 2
BP 458
EP 467
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2009.2038655
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 553TY
UT WOS:000274390900024
ER
PT J
AU Wu, N
Gharavi, H
AF Wu, Nan
Gharavi, Hamid
TI Asynchronous Cooperative MIMO Systems Using a Linear Dispersion
Structure
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Asynchronous wireless networks; cooperative diversity; linear dispersion
codes; multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO); space-time block codes
ID WIRELESS RELAY NETWORKS; SPACE; TIME; DIVERSITY; CODES; CHANNELS; SCHEME
AB In this treatise, we propose a novel family of asynchronous cooperative linear dispersion codes (ACLDCs), which is capable of maintaining full diversity in cooperative scenarios, even in the presence of asynchronous reception. The linear dispersion structure is employed to accommodate the dynamic topology of cooperative networks, as well as to achieve higher throughput than conventional space-time codes based on orthogonal designs. By introducing guard intervals and block encoding/decoding techniques, the interference signals caused by asynchronous reception can be exploited rather than discarded.
C1 [Wu, Nan; Gharavi, Hamid] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wu, N (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nan.wu@nist.gov; gharavi@nist.gov
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9545
J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL
JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 59
IS 2
BP 779
EP 787
DI 10.1109/TVT.2009.2036434
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation
Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation
GA 558HI
UT WOS:000274731300023
ER
PT J
AU Enfield, DB
Cid-Serrano, L
AF Enfield, David B.
Cid-Serrano, Luis
TI Secular and multidecadal warmings in the North Atlantic and their
relationships with major hurricane activity
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic multidecadal oscillation; Atlantic hurricane activity;
anthropogenic global warming
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION;
THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WESTERN-HEMISPHERE; SUMMER
RAINFALL; OSCILLATION; VARIABILITY; INTENSITY; PACIFIC
AB Analysis of recent literature finds weaknesses in arguments to the effect that the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) - roughly 50-90 year fluctuations in North Atlantic sea surface temperatures - is externally forced by anthropogenic aerosols and greenhouse gases rather than an internal climate mode, Plus indications from other sources that the contrary may be true. We are led to the conclusion that the AMO is probably comprised of both natural and anthropogenic forcing in ways that preclude a physically based separation of the two, using the limited historical data sets. A straightforward quadratic fitting of trend to temperature data accounts for some of the 20th Century nonlinearity in Secular warming and separates the secular and multidecadal components of variability without inherent assumptions about the nature of the multidecadal fluctuations. Doing this shows that the 20th Century secular ocean warming in the North Atlantic is about equal to the peak-to-peak amplitude of the multidecadal fluctuations. However, over the last quarter-century (1975-2000) the most recent multidecadal warming has been almost three times the secular sea surface temperature (SST) increase over the main development region (MDR) for major Atlantic hurricanes. In the last quarter-century the multidecadal increase in late Summer Atlantic warm pool (AWP) size (area of SSTs in excess of 28 degrees C) has been 36%, and the secular increase, 14%. Projections to the year 2025 show that the cumulative change in summer warm pool size since 1975 will depend critically on whether a subsequent cooling in the multidecadal cycle Occurs, comparable to the warming between 1975 and 2000 AD. This places a high premium on understanding to what extent the AMO is a man-made or a natural phenomenon. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Enfield, David B.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Cid-Serrano, Luis] Univ Concepcion, Dept Estadist, Concepcion, Chile.
RP Enfield, DB (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM David.Enfield@noaa.gov
RI Enfield, David/I-2112-2013
OI Enfield, David/0000-0001-8107-5079
NR 54
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 3
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 2
BP 174
EP 184
DI 10.1002/joc.1881
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 556OZ
UT WOS:000274601900002
ER
PT J
AU Nanninga, N
White, C
Mills, O
Lukowski, J
AF Nanninga, N.
White, C.
Mills, O.
Lukowski, J.
TI Effect of specimen orientation and extrusion welds on the fatigue life
of an AA6063 alloy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
LA English
DT Article
DE Seam weld; Extrusion; AA6063; Fatigue; Auger
AB The effect of specimen orientation and extrusion seam welds on the fatigue life of specimens milled from a hollow AA6063 aluminum alloy extrusion profile have been characterized in the form of S-N curves. The fatigue behavior of the fully recrystallized AA6063 alloy reported here is compared to previously reported results on a partially recrystallized AA6082 extruded aluminum alloy [Nanninga N. White C, Furu T, Anderson O, Dickson R. Effect of orientation and extrusion welds on the fatigue life of an Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloy. Int J Fatigue 2008; 30(9): 1569-78]. Specimen orientation with respect to the extrusion direction has a large effect on fatigue life, and is attributed to the orientation of extrusion die lines. Transverse specimens exhibit only a fraction of the high cycle fatigue life exhibited by longitudinal specimens. The presence of seam and/or charge welds, oriented both longitudinal and transverse to the loading direction, may also reduce the fatigue life. However, the effects of these welds are not as significant as the effects of orientation alone, and appear to be related to increased surface roughness at the welds. Variations in fatigue life are explained by surface roughness and variations in microstructure. Grain boundary separation was the primary mechanism of fatigue crack initiation in this study. Results from Auger energy spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope analyses suggest that localized strain in precipitate free zones may assist in this behavior. (C) Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nanninga, N.; White, C.; Mills, O.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Nanninga, N.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lukowski, J.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP White, C (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 512 M&M Bldg, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
EM cwhite@mtu.edu
RI White, Calvin/F-7981-2011
OI White, Calvin/0000-0003-1299-4375
FU Hydro Aluminum ASA
FX The authors greatly acknowledge the financial support of Hydro Aluminum
ASA. Specifically, the authors thank Trond Furu, Helen WeyKamp and
Richard Dickson of Hydro Aluminum for their thoughtful discussions and
insights. Assistance in TEM analysis from Dr. Stephen Hackney at
Michigan Tech is also greatly appreciated.
NR 14
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-1123
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 2
BP 238
EP 246
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.06.004
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 526NB
UT WOS:000272295900002
ER
PT J
AU Oguchi, H
Tan, Z
Heilweil, EJ
Bendersky, LA
AF Oguchi, H.
Tan, Z.
Heilweil, E. J.
Bendersky, L. A.
TI In-situ infrared imaging methodology for measuring heterogeneous growth
process of a hydride phase
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen storage; Heterogeneous growth; In-situ infrared imaging;
Thickness gradient thin film
ID HYDROGEN-STORAGE ALLOYS; MAGNESIUM HYDRIDE; THIN-FILMS; MG; COMPOSITE;
KINETICS; DEHYDROGENATION; CATALYSTS; BEHAVIOR; SURFACE
AB In the paper we report on a new methodology, which allows measuring in-situ heterogeneous growth rates of hydride phase in films during metal-hydride phase transformation. This optical method is based on infrared imaging of a wedge-shaped thin film during hydrogen loading. In the paper the method is demonstrated for MG(98.4)Ti(1.6) wedge-shaped thin film and main conclusions are supported by results of transmission electron microscopy. The methodology combined with the structural characterizations verified fast formation of MgH(2) layer on top followed by drastically slower growth of the MgH(2) phase. The initial averaged growth rate of the MgH(2) phase was estimated as similar to 1.3 nm/s, and as similar to 0.03 nm/s subsequently. (C) 2009 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oguchi, H.] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
[Oguchi, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Oguchi, H.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Tan, Z.; Bendersky, L. A.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heilweil, E. J.] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Oguchi, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
EM h.oguchi@imr.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Mahalingam, Arjun/G-8586-2011; Oguchi, Hiroyuki/R-5305-2016
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 3
BP 1296
EP 1299
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.11.037
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 560ZI
UT WOS:000274944000047
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, L
Taylor, JM
Sorensen, AS
Lukin, MD
AF Jiang, Liang
Taylor, Jacob M.
Sorensen, Anders S.
Lukin, Mikhail D.
TI SCALABLE QUANTUM NETWORKS BASED ON FEW-QUBIT REGISTERS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM INFORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE QND measurement; entanglement purification; finite-state Markov chain
ID NUCLEAR-SPIN QUBITS; COUPLED ELECTRON; SINGLE-PHOTON; TRAPPED ATOM;
ENTANGLEMENT; COMPUTATION; COMMUNICATION; DIAMOND; IONS; GATE
AB We describe and analyze a hybrid approach to scalable quantum computation based on an optically connected network of few-qubit quantum registers. We show that probabilistically connected five-qubit quantum registers suffice for deterministic, fault-tolerant quantum computation even when state preparation, measurement, and entanglement generation all have substantial errors. We discuss requirements for achieving fault-tolerant operation for two specific implementations of our approach.
C1 [Jiang, Liang] CALTECH, Ctr Phys Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Jiang, Liang] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Taylor, Jacob M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sorensen, Anders S.] Quantop, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
[Sorensen, Anders S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
[Lukin, Mikhail D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Jiang, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Ctr Phys Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM ljiang@caltech.edu; jacob.taylor@nist.gov; anders.sorensen@nbi.dk;
lukin@fas.harvard.edu
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Sorensen, Anders/L-1868-2013; Jiang,
Liang/A-9847-2008
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Sorensen, Anders/0000-0003-1337-9163;
Jiang, Liang/0000-0002-0000-9342
FU NSF; DTO; ARO-MURI; Packard Foundations; Danish Natural Science Research
Council
FX We would like to thank Paola Cappellaro, Lily Childress, M. V. Gurudev
Dutt, Phillip Hemmer, Jungsang Kim, and Charles Marcus for helpful
discussions. This work is supported by NSF, DTO, ARO-MURI, the Packard
Foundations, Pappalardo Fellowship, and the Danish Natural Science
Research Council.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0219-7499
EI 1793-6918
J9 INT J QUANTUM INF
JI Int. J. Quantum Inf.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 1-2
BP 93
EP 104
DI 10.1142/S0219749910006058
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Physics, Particles & Fields;
Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 603FR
UT WOS:000278194600003
ER
PT J
AU Olmschenk, S
Hayes, D
Matsukevich, DN
Maunz, P
Moehring, DL
Monroe, C
AF Olmschenk, S.
Hayes, D.
Matsukevich, D. N.
Maunz, P.
Moehring, D. L.
Monroe, C.
TI QUANTUM LOGIC BETWEEN DISTANT TRAPPED IONS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM INFORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Trapped ions; photons; heralded gate; quantum teleportation
ID SINGLE-PHOTON SOURCE; PODOLSKY-ROSEN CHANNELS; ATOMIC IONS; CLOCK
TRANSITION; ENTANGLED STATES; PAUL TRAP; YB-II; TELEPORTATION; QUBITS;
INTERFERENCE
AB Trapped atomic ions have proven to be one of the most promising candidates for the realization of quantum computation due to their long trapping times, excellent coherence properties, and exquisite control of the internal atomic states. Integrating ions (quantum memory) with photons (distance link) offers a unique path to large-scale quantum computation and long-distance quantum communication. In this article, we present a detailed review of the experimental implementation of a heralded photon-mediated quantum gate between remote ions, and the employment of this gate to perform a teleportation protocol between two ions separated by a distance of about one meter.
C1 [Olmschenk, S.; Hayes, D.; Matsukevich, D. N.; Maunz, P.; Monroe, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Olmschenk, S.; Hayes, D.; Matsukevich, D. N.; Maunz, P.; Monroe, C.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Moehring, D. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Olmschenk, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM steven.olmschenk@gmail.com
RI Matsukevich, Dzmitry/C-9134-2009; Olmschenk, Steven/D-4960-2011; Monroe,
Christopher/G-8105-2011
OI Olmschenk, Steven/0000-0003-0105-7714;
FU IARPA; NSF; NSF Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX We would like to thank Luming Duan and Kelly Younge for their valuable
contributions. This work is supported by IARPA under ARO contract, the
NSF PIF Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier Center at the Joint
Quantum Institute.
NR 133
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 15
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0219-7499
J9 INT J QUANTUM INF
JI Int. J. Quantum Inf.
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 1-2
BP 337
EP 394
DI 10.1142/S0219749910006381
PG 58
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Physics, Particles & Fields;
Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 603FR
UT WOS:000278194600014
ER
PT J
AU Harvey, AH
AF Harvey, Allan H.
TI Estimation of the Enhancement Factor for Mercury in Air
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Air; Calibration; Enhancement factor; Mercury; Nonideality; Second
virial coefficient; Vapor concentration
ID 2ND VIRIAL-COEFFICIENT; VAPOR; WATER; DENSITY; VALUES; DIMER
AB A combination of classical thermodynamics and molecular theory was used to calculate the enhancement factor (ratio of vapor-phase partial pressure to saturated vapor pressure) for liquid mercury in equilibrium with air at standard atmospheric pressure at temperatures from 0 A degrees C to 40 A degrees C. The enhancement factors range from 1.0025 at 0 A degrees C to 1.0016 at 40 A degrees C. This enhancement is too small in magnitude, and in the wrong direction, to explain a difference that has been noted between equilibrium vapor concentrations implied by the vapor pressure of pure mercury and those assumed in some calibration procedures.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Harvey, AH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM aharvey@boulder.nist.gov
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 2
BP 297
EP 307
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0724-x
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 586AK
UT WOS:000276872900004
ER
PT J
AU Taichenachev, AV
Yudin, VI
Oates, CW
Barber, ZW
Lemke, ND
Ludlow, AD
Sterr, U
Lisdat, C
Riehle, F
AF Taichenachev, A. V.
Yudin, V. I.
Oates, C. W.
Barber, Z. W.
Lemke, N. D.
Ludlow, A. D.
Sterr, U.
Lisdat, Ch.
Riehle, F.
TI Compensation of field-induced frequency shifts in Ramsey spectroscopy of
optical clock transitions
SO JETP LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LATTICE CLOCK; ATOMS
AB We have extended Ramsey spectroscopy by stepping the probe frequency during the two Ramsey excitation pulses to compensate frequency shifts induced by the excitation itself. This makes precision Ramsey spectroscopy applicable even for transitions that have Stark and Zeeman shifts comparable to the spectroscopic resolution. The method enables a new way to evaluate and compensate key frequency shifts, which benefits in particular, optical clocks based on magnetic field-induced, spectroscopy, two-photon transitions, or heavily forbidden transitions.
C1 [Taichenachev, A. V.; Yudin, V. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Laser Phys, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Taichenachev, A. V.; Yudin, V. I.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Taichenachev, A. V.; Yudin, V. I.] Novosibirsk State Tech Univ, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia.
[Oates, C. W.; Barber, Z. W.; Lemke, N. D.; Ludlow, A. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sterr, U.; Lisdat, Ch.; Riehle, F.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Taichenachev, AV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Laser Phys, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
EM viyudin@mail.ru; oates@boulder.nist.gov; Uwe.Sterr@ptb.de
RI Lemke, Nathan/L-9059-2013; Taichenachev, Aleksei/K-7065-2015
OI Lemke, Nathan/0000-0003-4165-0715; Taichenachev,
Aleksei/0000-0003-2273-0066
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0021-3640
J9 JETP LETT+
JI Jetp Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 11
BP 713
EP 717
DI 10.1134/S0021364009230052
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 563CO
UT WOS:000275104100005
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, L
Buckland, ST
Rexstad, EA
Laake, JL
Strindberg, S
Hedley, SL
Bishop, JRB
Marques, TA
Burnham, KP
AF Thomas, Len
Buckland, Stephen T.
Rexstad, Eric A.
Laake, Jeff L.
Strindberg, Samantha
Hedley, Sharon L.
Bishop, Jon R. B.
Marques, Tiago A.
Burnham, Kenneth P.
TI Distance software: design and analysis of distance sampling surveys for
estimating population size
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE distance sampling; line transect sampling; point transect sampling;
population abundance; population density; sighting surveys; survey
design; wildlife surveys
ID LINE-TRANSECT SURVEYS
AB 1. Distance sampling is a widely used technique for estimating the size or density of biological populations. Many distance sampling designs and most analyses use the software Distance.
2. We briefly review distance sampling and its assumptions, outline the history, structure and capabilities of Distance, and provide hints on its use.
3. Good survey design is a crucial prerequisite for obtaining reliable results. Distance has a survey design engine, with a built-in geographic information system, that allows properties of different proposed designs to be examined via simulation, and survey plans to be generated.
4. A first step in analysis of distance sampling data is modelling the probability of detection. Distance contains three increasingly sophisticated analysis engines for this: conventional distance sampling, which models detection probability as a function of distance from the transect and assumes all objects at zero distance are detected; multiple-covariate distance sampling, which allows covariates in addition to distance; and mark-recapture distance sampling, which relaxes the assumption of certain detection at zero distance.
5. All three engines allow estimation of density or abundance, stratified if required, with associated measures of precision calculated either analytically or via the bootstrap.
6. Advanced analysis topics covered include the use of multipliers to allow analysis of indirect surveys (such as dung or nest surveys), the density surface modelling analysis engine for spatial and habitat modelling, and information about accessing the analysis engines directly from other software.
7.Synthesis and applications. Distance sampling is a key method for producing abundance and density estimates in challenging field conditions. The theory underlying the methods continues to expand to cope with realistic estimation situations. In step with theoretical developments, state-of-the-art software that implements these methods is described that makes the methods accessible to practising ecologists.
C1 [Thomas, Len; Rexstad, Eric A.; Bishop, Jon R. B.; Marques, Tiago A.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, Res Unit Wildlife Populat Assessment, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Laake, Jeff L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Strindberg, Samantha] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY 10460 USA.
[Burnham, Kenneth P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Thomas, L (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, Res Unit Wildlife Populat Assessment, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
EM len@mcs.st-and.ac.uk
RI Marques, Tiago/A-5530-2010; Buckland, Stephen/A-1998-2012;
OI Marques, Tiago/0000-0002-2581-1972; Rexstad, Eric/0000-0002-4323-8161
NR 38
TC 603
Z9 655
U1 27
U2 300
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 5
EP 14
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01737.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 551FD
UT WOS:000274191300002
ER
PT J
AU Ward, EJ
Chirakkal, H
Gonzalez-Suarez, M
Aurioles-Gamboa, D
Holmes, EE
Gerber, L
AF Ward, Eric J.
Chirakkal, Haridas
Gonzalez-Suarez, Manuela
Aurioles-Gamboa, David
Holmes, Elizabeth E.
Gerber, Leah
TI Inferring spatial structure from time-series data: using multivariate
state-space models to detect metapopulation structure of California sea
lions in the Gulf of California, Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE extinction risk; metapopulation; multivariate state-space; spatial
structure; stochastic growth rate; Zalophus californianus
ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; EXTINCTION
PARAMETERS; POPULATION VIABILITY; OBSERVATION ERROR; PROCESS NOISE;
SELECTION; DYNAMICS; DENSITY; GROWTH
AB 1. Understanding spatial structure and identifying subpopulations are critical for estimating population growth rates and extinction risk, and as such essential for effective conservation planning. However, movement and spatiotemporal environmental data are often unavailable, limiting our ability to directly define subpopulations and their level of asynchrony.
2. This study applies a recently developed statistical technique using time-series analysis of abundance data to identify subpopulations. The approach uses multivariate state-space models and Akaike's Information Criterion-based model selection to quantify the data support for different subpopulation numbers and configurations. This technique is applied to the population of California sea lions Zalophus californianus in the Gulf of California, Mexico, distributed across 13 breeding sites.
3. The abundance of California sea lions in the Gulf of California has declined over the last decade, though not all areas have been equally affected. In light of this variation, it is important to understand the population structure to ensure accurate viability assessments and effective management.
4. Our data support the hypothesis that the Gulf of California sea lion population has four subpopulations, each with 2-5 breeding sites. The dynamics between several adjacent subpopulations were correlated, suggesting that they experience similar environmental variation. For each subpopulation, we estimated long-term growth rates, as well as the environmental and observation variation.
5. For most of the subpopulations, our estimates of growth rates were considerably lower than those previously reported. In addition, we found considerable variability across subpopulations in their projected risk of severe decline over the next 50 years.
6. Synthesis and applications. We illustrate a new multivariate state-space modelling technique that uses time series of abundance to quantify the data support for different subpopulation configurations. Our analysis of the California sea lion population in the Gulf of California indicates that the population is spatially structured into four subpopulations, each exhibiting distinct risks of extinction. Based on our results, we recommend that conservation and management efforts in the Gulf of California focus on the two subpopulations with high probabilities of extinction within the next 50 years (Northern Midriff, Southern Midriff). Multivariate state-space models provide a practical approach to determine the spatial structure of virtually any species; they may be particularly useful for species of conservation concern for which data on dispersal and environmental drivers are likely to be scarce.
C1 [Chirakkal, Haridas; Gonzalez-Suarez, Manuela; Gerber, Leah] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Ward, Eric J.; Holmes, Elizabeth E.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7625, Lab Ecol & Evolut, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Aurioles-Gamboa, David] IPN, CICIMAR, La Paz 23096, Baja California, Mexico.
RP Ward, EJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM eric.ward@noaa.gov
RI Gonzalez-Suarez, Manuela/B-9740-2008
OI Gonzalez-Suarez, Manuela/0000-0001-5069-8900
FU National Science Foundation [0347960]; CONACyT (Consejo Nacional de
Ciencia y Tecnologia) [SEP-2004-C01-46806, SIP 20070240-20080316]
FX This study was supported by a grant to LRG from the National Science
Foundation (Animal Behavior, Biological Oceanography and International
Programs; Award # 0347960), and by funding to DAG provided by CONACyT
(Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, grant SEP-2004-C01-46806, and
SIP 20070240-20080316). We are grateful to SEMARNAT (Instituto Nacional
de Ecologia y Direccion de Administracion de Pesquerias) for research
permits (most recent Oficio num/SGPA/DGVS/03269). Comments from the
members of the Gerber lab and two anonymous reviewers considerably
improved previous versions of this manuscript. C. D'Agrosa helped create
Fig. 1.
NR 55
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8901
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 47
EP 56
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01745.x
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 551FD
UT WOS:000274191300006
ER
PT J
AU Jablonski, A
Salvat, F
Powell, CJ
AF Jablonski, A.
Salvat, F.
Powell, C. J.
TI Practical formulas for inner-shell ionization cross sections by electron
impact: Applications in quantitative Auger electron spectroscopy (vol
106, 053706, 2009)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
DE Auger electron spectroscopy; electron impact ionisation; permittivity;
SCF calculations
C1 [Jablonski, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
[Salvat, F.] Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Salvat, F.] Univ Barcelona, ICC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Powell, C. J.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jablonski, A (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, Ul Kasprzaka 44-52, PL-01224 Warsaw, Poland.
EM cedric.powell@nist.gov
RI Salvat, Francesc/F-8255-2016
OI Salvat, Francesc/0000-0002-6162-8841
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 3
AR 039901
DI 10.1063/1.3304836
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 555MZ
UT WOS:000274517300129
ER
PT J
AU Sanford, NA
Blanchard, PT
Bertness, KA
Mansfield, L
Schlager, JB
Sanders, AW
Roshko, A
Burton, BB
George, SM
AF Sanford, N. A.
Blanchard, P. T.
Bertness, K. A.
Mansfield, L.
Schlager, J. B.
Sanders, A. W.
Roshko, A.
Burton, B. B.
George, S. M.
TI Steady-state and transient photoconductivity in c-axis GaN nanowires
grown by nitrogen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE alumina; atomic layer deposition; carrier density; carrier mobility;
dark conductivity; gallium compounds; III-V semiconductors; molecular
beam epitaxial growth; nanofabrication; nanowires; persistent currents;
photoconductivity; plasma deposition; semiconductor growth;
semiconductor quantum wires; surface states; tantalum compounds; wide
band gap semiconductors
ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; FIELD-EFFECT
TRANSISTORS; THIN-FILM GROWTH; N-TYPE GAN; OHMIC CONTACT; RESISTANCE;
TEMPERATURE
AB Analysis of steady-state and transient photoconductivity measurements at room temperature performed on c-axis oriented GaN nanowires yielded estimates of free carrier concentration, drift mobility, surface band bending, and surface capture coefficient for electrons. Samples grown (unintentionally n-type) by nitrogen-plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy primarily from two separate growth runs were examined. The results revealed carrier concentration in the range of (3-6)x10(16) cm(-3) for one growth run, roughly 5x10(14)-1x10(15) cm(-3) for the second, and drift mobility in the range of 500-700 cm(2)/(V s) for both. Nanowires were dispersed onto insulating substrates and contacted forming single-wire, two-terminal structures with typical electrode gaps of approximate to 3-5 mu m. When biased at 1 V bias and illuminated at 360 nm (3.6 mW/cm(2)) the thinner (approximate to 100 nm diameter) nanowires with the higher background doping showed an abrupt increase in photocurrent from 5 pA (noise level) to 0.1-1 mu A. Under the same conditions, thicker (151-320 nm) nanowires showed roughly ten times more photocurrent, with dark currents ranging from 2 nA to 1 mu A. With the light blocked, the dark current was restored in a few minutes for the thinner samples and an hour or more for the thicker ones. The samples with lower carrier concentration showed similar trends. Excitation in the 360-550 nm range produced substantially weaker photocurrent with comparable decay rates. Nanowire photoconductivity arises from a reduction in the depletion layer via photogenerated holes drifting to the surface and compensating ionized surface acceptors. Simulations yielded (dark) surface band bending in the vicinity of 0.2-0.3 V and capture coefficient in the range of 10(-23)-10(-19) cm(2). Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to conformally deposit approximate to 10 nm of Al(2)O(3) on several devices. Photoconductivity, persistent photoconductivity, and subgap photoconductivity of the coated nanowires were increased in all cases. TaN ALD coatings showed a reduced effect compared to the Al(2)O(3) coated samples.
C1 [Sanford, N. A.; Blanchard, P. T.; Bertness, K. A.; Mansfield, L.; Schlager, J. B.; Sanders, A. W.; Roshko, A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Optoelect Div 815, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Burton, B. B.; George, S. M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sanford, NA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Optoelect Div 815, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM sanford@boulder.nist.gov
RI George, Steven/O-2163-2013
OI George, Steven/0000-0003-0253-9184
FU DARPA Center for Integrated Micro/Nano-Electromechanical Transducers
(iMINT); DARPA S&T Fundamentals Program [HR0011-06-1-0048]
FX We gratefully acknowledge fruitful conversations with Professor Benjamin
Klein of Georgia Institute of Technology-Savannah regarding comparisons
of our cylindrical depletion model with numerical simulations of the
true NW hexagonal cross section. Additionally, we have benefited from
collaboration with Christopher Dodson and Joy M. Barker (now at Sandia
National Laboratory) during her tenure at NIST as an NRC-sponsored
postdoctoral fellow. This work received partial support from the DARPA
Center for Integrated Micro/Nano-Electromechanical Transducers (iMINT)
funded by DARPA S&T Fundamentals Program (Award No. HR0011-06-1-0048)
NR 50
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 2
U2 41
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 3
AR 034318
DI 10.1063/1.3275888
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 555MZ
UT WOS:000274517300104
ER
PT J
AU Wong-Ng, W
Liu, G
Martin, J
Thomas, EL
Lowhorn, N
Kaduk, JA
AF Wong-Ng, W.
Liu, G.
Martin, J.
Thomas, E. L.
Lowhorn, N.
Kaduk, J. A.
TI Phase compatibility and thermoelectric properties of compounds in the
Sr-Ca-Co-O system
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium compounds; cobalt compounds; electrical conductivity; Seebeck
effect; solid solutions; solid structure; strontium compounds; thermal
conductivity
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COBALT OXIDES; CA3CO2O6; PEROVSKITES; FAMILY; MERIT
AB Two low-dimensional cobaltite series in the Sr-Ca-Co-O system have been investigated for their solid solution limit, structure, and compatibility phase relationships (850 degrees C in air). Thermoelectric properties have been measured for selected members of these solid solutions. In (Ca,Sr)(3)Co4O9, which has a misfit layered structure, Sr was found to substitute in the Ca site to a limit of (Ca0.8Sr0.2)(3)Co4O9. Compounds in the homologous series, A(n+2)Co(n)Co(')O(3n+3) [where A=Sr, Ca, (Ca,Sr), or (Sr,Ca)], consist of one-dimensional parallel Co(2)O(6)6- chains that are built from successive alternating face-sharing CoO6 trigonal prisms and "n" units of CoO6 octahedra along the hexagonal c-axis. In the (Can+2ConCoO3n+3)-O-' series, only the n=1 phase (Ca3Co2O6) could be prepared under the present synthesis conditions. Sr substitutes in the Ca site of Ca3Co2O6 to a limit of (Ca0.9Sr0.1)(3)Co2O6. In the (Srn+2ConCoO3n+3)-O-' series, Ca substitutes in the Sr site of the n=2, 3, and 4 members to a limit of (Sr0.7Ca0.3)(4)Co3O9, (Sr0.67Ca0.33)(5)Co4O12, and (Sr0.725Ca0.275)(6)Co5O15, respectively. While the members of the (Can+2ConCoO3n+3)-O-' and (Srn+2ConCoO3n+3)-O-' series have reasonably high Seebeck coefficients and relatively low thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity needs to be increased in order to achieve high ZT values.
C1 [Wong-Ng, W.; Liu, G.; Martin, J.; Thomas, E. L.; Lowhorn, N.; Kaduk, J. A.] NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov
NR 37
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 26
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 3
AR 033508
DI 10.1063/1.3276158
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 555MZ
UT WOS:000274517300025
ER
PT J
AU Li, W
Xie, YF
Deng, SM
Wang, Q
AF Li, Wei
Xie, Yuanfu
Deng, Shiow-Ming
Wang, Qi
TI Application of the Multigrid Method to the Two-Dimensional Doppler Radar
Radial Velocity Data Assimilation
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL INITIAL FIELDS; MICROPHYSICAL RETRIEVAL; SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM;
3-DIMENSIONAL WIND; TROPICAL CYCLONE; CLOUD MODEL; PART II; ADJOINT;
SYSTEM
AB In recent years, the Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has developed a space and time mesoscale analysis system (STMAS), which is currently a sequential three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) system and is developing into a sequential 4DVAR in the near future. It is implemented by using a multigrid method based on a variational approach to generate grid analyses. This study is to test how STMAS deals with 2D Doppler radar radial velocity and to what degree the 2D Doppler radar radial velocity can improve the conventional (in situ) observation analysis. Two idealized experiments and one experiment with real Doppler radar radial velocity data, handled by STMAS, demonstrated significant improvement of the conventional observation analysis. Because the radar radial wind data can provide additional wind information (even it is incomplete: e. g., missing tangential wind vector), the analyses by assimilating both radial wind data and conventional data showed better results than those by assimilating only conventional data. Especially in the case of sparse conventional data, radar radial wind data can provide significant information and improve the analyses considerably.
C1 [Li, Wei] Ocean Univ China, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Li, Wei; Wang, Qi] Natl Marine Data & Informat Serv, State Ocean Adm, Tianjin, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Yuanfu] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Deng, Shiow-Ming] Cent Weather Bur, Taipei, Taiwan.
RP Li, W (reprint author), 93 Liuwei Rd, Tianjin 300171, Peoples R China.
EM liwei@mail.nmdis.gov.cn
RI Xie, Yuanfu/G-4413-2015
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB816001]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [40776016, 40906016, 40906015];
National High-Tech RandD Program of China [2006AA09Z138]
FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to three reviewers for
their helpful comments and suggestions, which contributed to greatly
improve the original manuscript. The first author of this paper was
jointly supported by grants of the National Basic Research Program of
China (2007CB816001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(40776016, 40906016, 40906015), and the National High-Tech RandD Program
of China (2006AA09Z138).
NR 29
TC 17
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 2
BP 319
EP 332
DI 10.1175/2009JTECHA1271.1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 554HY
UT WOS:000274427300005
ER
PT J
AU Pakstis, LM
Dunkers, JP
Zheng, A
Vorburger, TV
Quinn, TP
Cicerone, MT
AF Pakstis, L. M.
Dunkers, J. P.
Zheng, A.
Vorburger, T. V.
Quinn, T. P.
Cicerone, M. T.
TI Evaluation of polydimethylsiloxane modification methods for cell
response
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE cell adhesion; cell proliferation; fibronectin; laminin; siloxane;
smooth muscle cells
ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; IN-VITRO; FIBRONECTIN; SURFACES;
DIFFERENTIATION; PROLIFERATION; ADHESION; EXPRESSION; PHENOTYPE;
APOPTOSIS
AB Many methods exist in the literature to modify surfaces with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins prior to cell seeding. However, there are few studies that systematically characterize and compare surface properties and cell response results among modification methods that use different bonding mechanisms. In this work, we compare cell response and physical characterization results from fibronectin or laminin attached to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer surfaces by physical adsorption, chemisorption, and covalent attachment to determine the best method to modify a deformable surface. We evaluate modification methods based on completeness and uniformity of coverage, surface roughness, and hydrophilicity of attached ECM protein. Smooth muscle cell adhesion, proliferation, morphology, and phenotype were also evaluated. We found that chemisorption methods resulted in higher amounts of protein attachment than physical adsorption and covalent bonding of the ECM proteins. Cell response to protein-modified surfaces was similar with respect to cell adhesion, area, aspect ratio, and phenotype. When all the data are considered, the chemisorption methods, most notably silane_70, provide the best surface properties and highest cell proliferation. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.* J Biomed Mater Res 92A: 604-614, 2010
C1 [Pakstis, L. M.; Dunkers, J. P.; Cicerone, M. T.] NIST, Div Polymers, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zheng, A.; Vorburger, T. V.] NIST, Div Precis Engn, Mfg Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Quinn, T. P.] NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Dunkers, JP (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joy.dunkers@nist.gov
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 13
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1549-3296
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 92A
IS 2
BP 604
EP 614
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.32402
PG 11
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 540UD
UT WOS:000273364300021
PM 19235219
ER
PT J
AU Findell, KL
Delworth, TL
AF Findell, Kirsten L.
Delworth, Thomas L.
TI Impact of Common Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies on Global Drought and
Pluvial Frequency
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEVERITY INDEX; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; TROPICAL CIRCULATION; RAINFALL
VARIABILITY; AUSTRALIAN RAINFALL; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; NORTH-AMERICAN;
UNITED-STATES; PART I; ENSO
AB Climate model simulations run as part of the Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) Drought Working Group initiative were analyzed to determine the impact of three patterns of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on drought and pluvial frequency and intensity around the world. The three SST forcing patterns include a global pattern similar to the background warming trend, a pattern in the Pacific, and a pattern in the Atlantic. Five different global atmospheric models were forced by fixed SSTs to test the impact of these SST anomalies on droughts and pluvials relative to a climatologically forced control run.
The five models generally yield similar results in the locations of drought and pluvial frequency changes throughout the annual cycle in response to each given SST pattern. In all of the simulations, areas with an increase in the mean drought (pluvial) conditions tend to also show an increase in the frequency of drought (pluvial) events. Additionally, areas with more frequent extreme events also tend to show higher intensity extremes. The cold Pacific anomaly increases drought occurrence in the United States and southern South America and increases pluvials in Central America and northern and central South America. The cold Atlantic anomaly increases drought occurrence in southern Central America, northern South America, and central Africa and increases pluvials in central South America. The warm Pacific and Atlantic anomalies generally lead to reversals of the drought and pluvial increases described with the corresponding cold anomalies. More modest impacts are seen in other parts of the world. The impact of the trend pattern is generally more modest than that of the two other anomaly patterns.
C1 [Findell, Kirsten L.] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Findell, KL (reprint author), NOAA, GFDL, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM kirsten.findell@noaa.gov
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014; Findell, Kirsten/D-4430-2014
FU NASA; NOAA; NSF
FX This work was carried out as part of a U. S. CLIVAR Drought Working
Group activity supported by NASA, NOAA, and NSF to coordinate and
compare climate model simulations forced with a common set of idealized
SST patterns. The authors thank NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation
Office (GMAO) for making the NSIPP1 runs available, the Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory of Columbia University for making their CCM3 runs
available, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center (CPC)/Climate Test Bed (CTB)
for making the GFS runs available, NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Laboratory (GFDL) for making the AM2.1 runs available, the National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) for making the CAM3.5 runs
available, and the Center for Ocean Land Atmosphere (COLA) and the
University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric
Science for making the CCSM3.0 coupled model runs available. We would
also like to thank Yana Malysheva for guaranteeing that the GFDL data
were consistent with the CMOR protocol, and Paul Ginoux, Gabriel Vecchi,
and four anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the
manuscript.
NR 61
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 485
EP 503
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI3153.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 553DT
UT WOS:000274346700001
ER
PT J
AU Lloyd, ID
Vecchi, GA
AF Lloyd, Ian D.
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
TI Submonthly Indian Ocean Cooling Events and Their Interaction with
Large-Scale Conditions
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; MADDEN-JULIAN
OSCILLATION; TROPICAL PACIFIC; WIND STRESS; PART I; VARIABILITY; SST;
PERTURBATIONS; MECHANISMS
AB The Indian Ocean exhibits strong variability on a number of time scales, including prominent intraseasonal variations in both the atmosphere and ocean. Of particular interest is the south tropical Indian Ocean thermocline ridge, a region located between 12 degrees and 5 degrees S, which exhibits prominent variability in sea surface temperature (SST) due to dominant winds that raise the thermocline and shoal the mixed layer. In this paper, submonthly (less than 30 day) cooling events in the thermocline ridge region are diagnosed with observations and models, and are related to large-scale conditions in the Indo-Pacific region. Observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) satellite were used to identify 16 cooling events in the period 1998-2007, which on average cannot be fully accounted for by air-sea enthalpy fluxes. Analysis of observations and a hierarchy of models, including two coupled global climate models (GFDLCM2.1 and GFDLCM2.4), indicates that ocean dynamical changes are important to the cooling events. For extreme cooling events (above 2.5 standard deviations), air-sea enthalpy fluxes account for approximately 50% of the SST signature, and oceanic processes cannot in general be neglected. For weaker cooling events (1.5-2.5 standard deviations), air-sea enthalpy fluxes account for a larger fraction of the SST signature. Furthermore, it is found that cooling events are preconditioned by large-scale, low-frequency changes in the coupled ocean-atmosphere system. When the thermocline is unusually shallow in the thermocline ridge region, cooling events are more likely to occur and are stronger; these large-scale conditions are more (less) likely during La Nina (El Nino/Indian Ocean dipole) events. Strong cooling events are associated with changes in atmospheric convection, which resemble the Madden-Julian oscillation, in both observations and the models.
C1 [Lloyd, Ian D.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Vecchi, Gabriel A.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Lloyd, ID (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd,Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM illoyd@princeton.edu
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA17RJ2612,
NA08OAR4320752]; U.S. Department of Commerce
FX The authors thank Anand Gnanadesikan, Gabriel Lau, Leo Donner, Andrew
Wittenberg, and Anthony Rosati for helpful comments and assistance
during the course of this work. This report was prepared by Ian Lloyd
under Award NA17RJ2612 and NA08OAR4320752 from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements,
findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, or the U. S. Department of Commerce.
NR 50
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 700
EP 716
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI3067.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 553DT
UT WOS:000274346700013
ER
PT J
AU Chen, MY
Wang, WQ
Kumar, A
AF Chen, Mingyue
Wang, Wanqiu
Kumar, Arun
TI Prediction of Monthly-Mean Temperature: The Roles of Atmospheric and
Land Initial Conditions and Sea Surface Temperature
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-RANGE PREDICTABILITY; FORECAST SYSTEM; POTENTIAL PREDICTABILITY;
SEASONAL SIMULATION; SOIL-MOISTURE; CLIMATE; MODEL; VARIABILITY;
ANOMALIES; TROPICS
AB Using the retrospective forecasts from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) coupled atmosphere-ocean Climate Forecast System (CFS) and the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) simulations from its uncoupled atmospheric component, the NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS), the relative roles of atmospheric and land initial conditions and the lower boundary condition of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for the prediction of monthly-mean temperature are investigated. The analysis focuses on the lead-time dependence of monthly-mean prediction skill and its asymptotic value for longer lead times, which could be attributed the atmospheric response to the slowly varying SST. The results show that the observed atmospheric and land initial conditions improve the skill of monthly-mean prediction in the extratropics but have little influence in the tropics. However, the influence of initial atmospheric and land conditions in the extratropics decays rapidly. For 30-day-lead predictions, the global-mean forecast skill of monthly means is found to reach an asymptotic value that is primarily determined by the SST anomalies. The lead time at which initial conditions lose their influence varies spatially. In addition, the initial atmospheric and land conditions are found to have longer impacts in northern winter and spring than in summer and fall. The relevance of the results for constructing lagged ensemble forecasts is discussed.
C1 [Chen, Mingyue; Wang, Wanqiu; Kumar, Arun] NCEP, CPC, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Chen, MY (reprint author), NCEP, CPC, 5200 Auth Rd,Room 605, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM mingyue.chen@noaa.gov
NR 29
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 717
EP 725
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI3090.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 553DT
UT WOS:000274346700014
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, GR
Vialard, J
Kumar, BP
McPhaden, MJ
AF Foltz, Gregory R.
Vialard, Jerome
Kumar, B. Praveen
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Seasonal Mixed Layer Heat Balance of the Southwestern Tropical Indian
Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; PACIFIC-OCEAN; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; RAINFALL VARIABILITY;
ATLANTIC-OCEAN; NORTH PACIFIC; EL-NINO; PART I
AB Sea surface temperature (SST) in the southwestern tropical Indian Ocean exerts a significant influence on global climate through its influence on the Indian summer monsoon and Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation. In this study, measurements from a long-term moored buoy are used in conjunction with satellite, in situ, and atmospheric reanalysis datasets to analyze the seasonal mixed layer heat balance in the thermocline ridge region of the southwestern tropical Indian Ocean. This region is characterized by a shallow mean thermocline (90 m, as measured by the 20 degrees C isotherm) and pronounced seasonal cycles of Ekman pumping and SST (seasonal ranges of -0.1 to 0.6 m day(-1) and 26 degrees-29.5 degrees C, respectively). It is found that surface heat fluxes and horizontal heat advection contribute significantly to the seasonal cycle of mixed layer heat storage. The net surface heat flux tends to warm the mixed layer throughout the year and is strongest during boreal fall and winter, when surface shortwave radiation is highest and latent heat loss is weakest. Horizontal heat advection provides warming during boreal summer and fall, when southwestward surface currents and horizontal SST gradients are strongest, and is close to zero during the remainder of the year. Vertical turbulent mixing, estimated as a residual in the heat balance, also undergoes a significant seasonal cycle. Cooling from this term is strongest in boreal summer, when surface wind and buoyancy forcing are strongest, the thermocline ridge is shallow (<90 m), and the mixed layer is deepening. These empirical results provide a framework for addressing intraseasonal and interannual climate variations, which are dynamically linked to the seasonal cycle, in the southwestern tropical Indian Ocean. They also provide a quantitative basis for assessing the accuracy of numerical ocean model simulations in the region.
C1 [Foltz, Gregory R.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Vialard, Jerome] IRD, Lab Oceanog Experimentat & Approches Numer, Paris, France.
[McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kumar, B. Praveen] Natl Inst Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Div, Panaji, Goa, India.
RP Foltz, GR (reprint author), 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98133 USA.
EM gregory.foltz@noaa.gov
RI Vialard, Jerome/C-2809-2008; Foltz, Gregory/B-8710-2011; Kumar,
Praveen/D-5244-2009; McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
OI Vialard, Jerome/0000-0001-6876-3766; Foltz, Gregory/0000-0003-0050-042X;
FU Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Counsil of Scientific
and Industrial Research (CSIR, India)
FX We thank Fabienne Gaillard for providing us the Coriolis objective
analysis and Clement de Boyer Montegut for making his interannual mixed
layer product available to us. We are grateful to Rick Lumpkin for
providing the drifter climatology and to Lisan Yu for providing the
OAFlux data. We would also like to acknowledge three anonymous
reviewers, whose comments greatly improved the final manuscript.
TMI/AMSR-E data are produced by Remote Sensing Systems (available online
at http://www.remss.com). GRF and MJM are funded by the NOAA Climate
Program Office. JV is funded by Institut de Recherche pour le
Developpement (IRD) and did this work while visiting National Institute
of Oceanography (NIO, India). BPK is supported by a Counsil of
Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR, India) fellowship.
NR 56
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 4
BP 947
EP 965
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI3268.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 564XY
UT WOS:000275253200009
ER
PT J
AU Xie, SP
Deser, C
Vecchi, GA
Ma, J
Teng, HY
Wittenberg, AT
AF Xie, Shang-Ping
Deser, Clara
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Ma, Jian
Teng, Haiyan
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
TI Global Warming Pattern Formation: Sea Surface Temperature and Rainfall
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL; COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; TROPICAL PACIFIC;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; FEEDBACK PROCESSES; EASTERN PACIFIC; INCREASED CO2
AB Spatial variations in sea surface temperature (SST) and rainfall changes over the tropics are investigated based on ensemble simulations for the first half of the twenty-first century under the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenario A1B with coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Despite a GHG increase that is nearly uniform in space, pronounced patterns emerge in both SST and precipitation. Regional differences in SST warming can be as large as the tropical-mean warming. Specifically, the tropical Pacific warming features a conspicuous maximum along the equator and a minimum in the southeast subtropics. The former is associated with westerly wind anomalies whereas the latter is linked to intensified southeast trade winds, suggestive of wind-evaporation-SST feedback. There is a tendency for a greater warming in the northern subtropics than in the southern subtropics in accordance with asymmetries in trade wind changes. Over the equatorial Indian Ocean, surface wind anomalies are easterly, the thermocline shoals, and the warming is reduced in the east, indicative of Bjerknes feedback. In the midlatitudes, ocean circulation changes generate narrow banded structures in SST warming. The warming is negatively correlated with wind speed change over the tropics and positively correlated with ocean heat transport change in the northern extratropics. A diagnostic method based on the ocean mixed layer heat budget is developed to investigate mechanisms for SST pattern formation.
Tropical precipitation changes are positively correlated with spatial deviations of SST warming from the tropical mean. In particular, the equatorial maximum in SST warming over the Pacific anchors a band of pronounced rainfall increase. The gross moist instability follows closely relative SST change as equatorial wave adjustments flatten upper-tropospheric warming. The comparison with atmospheric simulations in response to a spatially uniform SST warming illustrates the importance of SST patterns for rainfall change, an effect overlooked in current discussion of precipitation response to global warming. Implications for the global and regional response of tropical cyclones are discussed.
C1 [Xie, Shang-Ping; Ma, Jian] Univ Hawaii Manoa, SOEST, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Xie, Shang-Ping; Ma, Jian] Univ Hawaii Manoa, SOEST, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Deser, Clara; Teng, Haiyan] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Wittenberg, Andrew T.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Xie, SP (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, SOEST, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM xie@hawaii.edu
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Xie, Shang-Ping/C-1254-2009; Wittenberg,
Andrew/G-9619-2013; Ma, Jian/K-5228-2013
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Xie,
Shang-Ping/0000-0002-3676-1325; Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963;
Ma, Jian/0000-0002-9091-2040
FU NOAA; NSF; NASA; JAMSTEC
FX We wish to thank Isaac Held, Kevin Trenberth, Jian Lu, Jerry Meehl, John
Fasullo, Anand Gnanadesikan, Ken Takahashi, Tom Knutson, Gabriel Lau,
Rong Zhang, Ingo Richter, Fumiaki Kobashi, and Hyodae Seo for helpful
discussion; Adam Phillips for technical assistance; and Amy Clement and
anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Much of the work was conducted
when SPX was on sabbatical leave at NCAR and GFDL. This work is
supported by NOAA, NSF, NASA, and JAMSTEC.
NR 69
TC 333
Z9 344
U1 13
U2 132
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 4
BP 966
EP 986
DI 10.1175/2009JCLI3329.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 564XY
UT WOS:000275253200010
ER
PT J
AU Antonucci, JM
Regnault, WF
Skrtic, D
AF Antonucci, J. M.
Regnault, W. F.
Skrtic, D.
TI Polymerization Shrinkage and Stress Development in Amorphous Calcium
Phosphate/Urethane Dimethacrylate Polymeric Composites
SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE amorphous calcium phosphate; composite; urethane dimethacrylate;
polymerization shrinkage stress
ID PHOSPHATE/METHACRYLATE COMPOSITES; RESIN-COMPOSITES; PHOSPHATES;
CONVERSION; HYBRID
AB This study explores how substituting a new high molecular mass oligomeric poly(ethylene glycol) extended urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) (PEG-U) for 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in photo-activated UDMA resins affects degree of vinyl conversion (DC), polymerization shrinkage (PS), stress development (PSSD) and biaxial flexure strength (BFS) of their amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) composites. The composites were prepared from four types of resins (UDMA, PEG-U, UDMA/HEMA, and UDMA/PEG-U) and zirconia-hybridized ACP. Introducing PEG-U improved DC, while not adversely affecting PS, PSSD, and the BFS of composites. This improvement in DC is attributed to the long, more flexible structure between the vinyl groups of PEG-U and its higher molecular mass compared to poly(HEMA). The results imply that PEG-U has the potential to serve as an alternative to HEMA in dental and other biomedical applications.
C1 [Skrtic, D.] Amer Dent Assoc Hlth Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Antonucci, J. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Regnault, W. F.] US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
RP Skrtic, D (reprint author), Amer Dent Assoc Hlth Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM drago.skrtic@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [Y1-DE-7006];
American Dental Association Foundation [13169]; FDA; NIST; ADAF
FX Reported work was supported by the National Institute of Dental and
Craniofacial Research (NIST-NIDCR Interagency Agreement Y1-DE-7006 and
grant 13169 to the American Dental Association Foundation). It is a part
of the dental material research program supported by FDA, NIST, and
ADAF. Generous contribution of UDMA, PEGU, and HEMA monomers from
Esstech, Essington, PA, USA, is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9983
J9 J COMPOS MATER
JI J. Compos Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 3
BP 355
EP 367
DI 10.1177/0021998309345180
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 548MS
UT WOS:000273968100007
PM 20169007
ER
PT J
AU Awadalla, SA
Mackenzie, J
Chen, H
Redden, B
Bindley, G
Duff, MC
Burger, A
Groza, M
Buliga, V
Bradley, JP
Dai, ZR
Teslich, N
Black, DR
AF Awadalla, S. A.
Mackenzie, J.
Chen, H.
Redden, B.
Bindley, G.
Duff, M. C.
Burger, A.
Groza, M.
Buliga, V.
Bradley, J. P.
Dai, Z. R.
Teslich, N.
Black, D. R.
TI Characterization of detector-grade CdZnTe crystals grown by traveling
heater method (THM.)
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE CZT; THM; Secondary phases; Surface treatment
ID SEMIINSULATING CDZNTE; CDTE; PERFORMANCE; (CD,ZN)TE
AB This work focuses on the 3. Results and discussion characterization of 10 x 10 x 1 0 mm(3) THM-grown CdZnTe detector-grade crystals that have been post-growth annealed to remove the secondary phases (SPs). All three detectors showed an average energy resolution of similar to 1.63% for a small guarded pixel with 3.5 min diameter, measured using (137)Cs-662 keV with an average peak-to-Compton ratio of 2.7. The characterization showed vestiges of SPs and micro-twins present in some of the crystals indicating that the SPs prior to annealing were large and had size in the range of 100-500 mu m. The various detectable structural features, such as micron twins, strains and sub-micron level of Te inclusions seemed to have little or no influence in the radiation spectrometer performance of the detectors; this is possibly because they are either having low density or electrically inactive. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Awadalla, S. A.; Mackenzie, J.; Chen, H.; Redden, B.; Bindley, G.] Redlen Technol, Sidney, BC V8L 5Y8, Canada.
[Duff, M. C.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
[Burger, A.; Groza, M.; Buliga, V.] Fisk Univ, Nashville, TN 37208 USA.
[Bradley, J. P.; Dai, Z. R.; Teslich, N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Black, D. R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Awadalla, SA (reprint author), Redlen Technol, Sidney, BC V8L 5Y8, Canada.
EM salah.awadalla@redlen.com
RI Dai, Zurong/E-6732-2010
NR 17
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 5
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 312
IS 4
BP 507
EP 513
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.11.007
PG 7
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 558RD
UT WOS:000274761900006
ER
PT J
AU Andreas, EL
Persson, POG
Jordan, RE
Horst, TW
Guest, PS
Grachev, AA
Fairall, CW
AF Andreas, Edgar L.
Persson, P. Ola G.
Jordan, Rachel E.
Horst, Thomas W.
Guest, Peter S.
Grachev, Andrey A.
Fairall, Christopher W.
TI Parameterizing Turbulent Exchange over Sea Ice in Winter
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; SCALAR TRANSFER-COEFFICIENTS; BULK
AERODYNAMIC ALGORITHMS; CLIMATE SYSTEM MODEL; WESTERN WEDDELL SEA;
SURFACE HEAT-BUDGET; DRAG COEFFICIENTS; ROUGHNESS LENGTH; SONIC
ANEMOMETER; STATION-WEDDELL
AB The Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment produced 18 000 h of turbulence data from the atmospheric surface layer over sea ice while the ice camp drifted for a year in the Beaufort Gyre. Multiple sites instrumented during SHEBA suggest only two aerodynamic seasons over sea ice. In "winter'' (October 1997 through 14 May 1998 and 15 September 1998 through the end of the SHEBA deployment in early October 1998), the ice was compact and snow covered, and the snow was dry enough to drift and blow. In "summer'' (15 May through 14 September 1998 in this dataset), the snow melted, and melt ponds and leads appeared and covered as much as 40% of the surface with open water. This paper develops a bulk turbulent flux algorithm to explain the winter data. This algorithm predicts the surface fluxes of momentum, and sensible and latent heat from more readily measured or modeled quantities. A main result of the analysis is that the roughness length for wind speed z(0) does not depend on the friction velocity u(*) in the drifting snow regime (u(*) >= 0.30 m s(-1)) but, rather, is constant in the SHEBA dataset at about 2.3 x 10(-4) m. Previous analyses that found z(0) to increase with u(*) during drifting snow may have suffered from fictitious correlation because u(*) also appears in z(0). The present analysis mitigates this fictitious correlation by plotting measured z(0) against the corresponding u(*) computed from the bulk flux algorithm. Such plots, created with data from six different SHEBA sites, show z(0) to be independent of the bulk u(*) for 0.15, u(*) <= 0.65 m s(-1). This study also evaluates the roughness lengths for temperature z(T) and humidity z(Q), incorporates new profile stratification corrections for stable stratification, addresses the singularities that often occur in iterative flux algorithms in very light winds, and includes an extensive analysis of whether atmospheric stratification affects z(0), z(T), and z(Q).
C1 [Andreas, Edgar L.] NW Res Associates Inc, Seattle Div, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA.
[Persson, P. Ola G.; Grachev, Andrey A.; Fairall, Christopher W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Persson, P. Ola G.; Grachev, Andrey A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jordan, Rachel E.] Jordan Environm Modeling PC, Hanover, NH USA.
[Horst, Thomas W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Guest, Peter S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), NW Res Associates Inc, Seattle Div, 25 Eagle Ridge, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA.
EM eandreas@nwra.com
OI GRACHEV, ANDREY/0000-0002-7143-0820
FU The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [06-11942]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX07AL77G]
FX The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) supported our initial
participation in SHEBA with awards to the U.S. Army Cold Regions
Research and Engineering Laboratory, NOAA's Environmental Technology
Laboratory (now the Earth System Research Laboratory), the Naval
Postgraduate School, and the Cooperative Institute for Research in
Environmental Sciences. NSF also supported our use of the Flux-PAM
stations from the facilities pool at the National Center for Atmospheric
Research. Both NSF (Award 06-11942) and the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (Award NNX07AL77G) supported ELA at NorthWest
Research Associates during the preparation of this manuscript. Lastly,
we thank William Gutowski and three anonymous reviewers for their
thoughtful comments on this manuscript.
NR 78
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 1
BP 87
EP 104
DI 10.1175/2009JHM1102.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566BN
UT WOS:000275344800005
ER
PT J
AU Lu, C
Yuan, H
Tollerud, EI
Wang, N
AF Lu, C.
Yuan, H.
Tollerud, E. I.
Wang, N.
TI Scale-Dependent Uncertainties in Global QPFs and QPEs from NWP Model and
Satellite Fields
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; NUMERICAL-MODELS; VERIFICATION;
RESOLUTION; RAINFALL; ENSEMBLE; SYSTEM; MICROWAVE; WAVELET; STATES
AB Global precipitation forecasts from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models can be verified using the near-global coverage of satellite precipitation retrievals. However, inaccuracies in satellite precipitation analyses complicate the interpretation of forecast errors that result from verification of an NWP model against satellite observations. In this study, assessments of both a global quantitative precipitation estimate (QPE) from a satellite precipitation product and corresponding global quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) from a global NWP model are conducted using available global land-based gauge data. A scale decomposition technique is devised, coupled with seasonal and spatial classifications, to evaluate these inaccuracies. The results are then analyzed in context with various physical precipitation systems, including heavy monsoonal rains, light Mediterranean winter rains, and North American convective-related and midlatitude cyclone-related precipitation.
In general, global model results tend to consistently overforecast rainfall, whereas satellite measurements present a mixed pattern, underestimating many large-scale precipitation systems while overestimating many convective-scale precipitation systems. Both global model QPF and satellite-retrieved QPE showed better correlation scores in large-scale precipitation systems when verified with gauge measurements. In this case, model-based QPF tends to outperform satellite-retrieved QPE. At convective scales, there are significant drops in both model QPF and satellite QPE correlation scores, but satellite QPE performs slightly better than model QPF. These general results also showed regional and seasonal variation. For example, in tropical monsoon systems, satellite QPE tended to outperform model-based QPF at both scales. Overall, the results suggest potential improvements for both satellite estimates and weather forecast systems, in particular as applied to global precipitation forecasts.
C1 [Lu, C.] Colorado State Univ, ESRL, NOAA, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lu, C.; Wang, N.] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Yuan, H.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lu, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, ESRL, NOAA, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM chungu.lu@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Ning/C-6841-2015; Yuan, Huiling/G-9795-2013
FU NOAA
FX The authors thank Jian-Wen Bao for his valuable discussions and critical
review of this paper, and Ann Reiser for her editorial assistance. The
research is conducted under NOAA internal funding in support of a
project to advance global precipitation verification and FIM
development.
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 1
BP 139
EP 155
DI 10.1175/2009JHM1164.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566BN
UT WOS:000275344800008
ER
PT J
AU Agam, N
Kustas, WP
Anderson, MC
Norman, JM
Colaizzi, PD
Howell, TA
Prueger, JH
Meyers, TP
Wilson, TB
AF Agam, Nurit
Kustas, William P.
Anderson, Martha C.
Norman, John M.
Colaizzi, Paul D.
Howell, Terry A.
Prueger, John H.
Meyers, Tilden P.
Wilson, Tim B.
TI Application of the Priestley-Taylor Approach in a Two-Source Surface
Energy Balance Model
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IRRIGATED WINTER-WHEAT; PARTIAL CANOPY COVER; SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS;
HEAT-FLUX; RADIOMETRIC TEMPERATURES; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; VEGETATION
INDEXES; INCOMPLETE COVER; PENMAN-MONTEITH; SPARSE CROPS
AB The Priestley-Taylor (PT) approximation for computing evapotranspiration was initially developed for conditions of a horizontally uniform saturated surface sufficiently extended to obviate any significant advection of energy. Nevertheless, the PT approach has been effectively implemented within the framework of a thermal-based two-source model (TSM) of the surface energy balance, yielding reasonable latent heat flux estimates over a range in vegetative cover and climate conditions. In the TSM, however, the PT approach is applied only to the canopy component of the latent heat flux, which may behave more conservatively than the bulk (soil 1 canopy) system. The objective of this research is to investigate the response of the canopy and bulk PT parameters to varying leaf area index (LAI) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in both natural and agricultural vegetated systems, to better understand the utility and limitations of this approximation within the context of the TSM. Micrometeorological flux measurements collected at multiple sites under a wide range of atmospheric conditions were used to implement an optimization scheme, assessing the value of the PT parameter for best performance of the TSM. Overall, the findings suggest that within the context of the TSM, the optimal canopy PT coefficient for agricultural crops appears to have a fairly conservative value of similar to 1.2 except when under very high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) conditions, when its value increases. For natural vegetation (primarily grasslands), the optimal canopy PT coefficient assumed lower values on average (similar to 0.9) and dropped even further at high values of VPD. This analysis provides some insight as to why the PT approach, initially developed for regional estimates of potential evapotranspiration, can be used successfully in the TSM scheme to yield reliable heat flux estimates over a variety of land cover types.
C1 [Agam, Nurit; Kustas, William P.; Anderson, Martha C.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Norman, John M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Colaizzi, Paul D.; Howell, Terry A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA.
[Prueger, John H.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Meyers, Tilden P.; Wilson, Tim B.] NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Agam, N (reprint author), Agr Res Org Israel, Gilat Res Ctr, IL-85280 Dn Negev, Israel.
EM nurit.agam@gmail.com
RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016; Wilson,
Timothy/C-9863-2016;
OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; Wilson,
Timothy/0000-0003-1785-5323; Agam, Nurit/0000-0002-8921-6179
FU BARD [FI-3712005]; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research
and Development Fund
FX This research was supported by Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship Award
FI-3712005 from BARD, the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural
Research and Development Fund.
NR 69
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 1
BP 185
EP 198
DI 10.1175/2009JHM1124.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566BN
UT WOS:000275344800011
ER
PT J
AU Garrigue, C
Zerbini, AN
Geyer, Y
Heide-Jorgensen, MP
Hanaoka, W
Clapham, P
AF Garrigue, Claire
Zerbini, Alexandre N.
Geyer, Ygor
Heide-Jorgensen, Mads-Peter
Hanaoka, Wakao
Clapham, Phil
TI Movements of satellite-monitored humpback whales from New Caledonia
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution; humpback whale; Megaptera novaeanghae; migration; New
Caledonia; Oceannia; satellite Monitoring
ID MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; BREEDING GROUNDS; WATERS
AB Knowledge of the local and migratory movements of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeanghae) form New Caledonia is very limited. To investigate this topic. we attached satellite-monitored tags to 12 whales off Southern New Caledonia Tag longevity ranged from 1 to 52 days ((X) over bar = 22.5 days). Tagged whales generally moved to the south or southeast, with several spending time Ill it I)previously Unknown seamount habitat named Antigonia before resuming Movement. generally toward Norfolk Island or New Zealand However, I female with it calf traveled the entire length of the western coast of New Caledonia (similar to 450 km) and then west in the direction of the Chesterfield Reefs, a 19th century American ("Yankee") whaling ground None of the New Caledonia whales traveled to or toward eastern Australia. which is broadly consistent with the low rate of interchange observed from photo-identification comparisons between these 2 areas. The connections between New Caledonia and New Zealand. to,,together with the relatively low numbers of whales seen in these places generally. Support the idea that whales from these 2 areas constitute a single population that remains small and unrecovered. DOI: 10.1644/09-MAMM-A-033R.1
C1 [Garrigue, Claire] Operat Cetaces, Noumea, New Caledonia.
[Garrigue, Claire; Clapham, Phil] S Pacific Whale Res Consortium, Rarotonga, Cook Islands.
[Zerbini, Alexandre N.; Clapham, Phil] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Zerbini, Alexandre N.; Geyer, Ygor] Inst Aqualie, Projeto Monitoramento Baletas Poi Satelite, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Heide-Jorgensen, Mads-Peter] Greendland Inst Nat Resources, Nuuk 3900, Greenland.
[Hanaoka, Wakao] Greenpeace Japan, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1600023, Japan.
RP Garrigue, C (reprint author), Operat Cetaces, BP 12827 98802, Noumea, New Caledonia.
RI Zerbini, Alexandre/G-4138-2012; Garrigue, Claire/I-4704-2016
OI Garrigue, Claire/0000-0002-8117-3370
FU Greenpeace International; Fondation d'Entreprise Total and Total
Pacifique; United States National Research Council.; National Academy of
Sciences.
FX This tagging project was financed primarily by Greenpeace International
as part of a scientific collaboration to carry out nonlethal research on
specific populations of South Pacific humpback whales. We are very
grateful for this vital support of the work. We also thank Fondation
d'Entreprise Total and Total Pacifique for their financial support. A.N.
Zerbin has been funded by a research fellowship from the United States
National Research Council. National Academy of Sciences. The research
permit to tag the whales was issued by Province Sud Janiee Wante
reviewed and formatted an early draft of the manuscript. Additonal
comments from 2 anonymours referees are grately appreciated
NR 27
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 16
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 1
BP 109
EP 115
DI 10.1644/09-MAMM-A-033R.1
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 560UR
UT WOS:000274929300012
ER
PT J
AU Johns, JI
O'Donnell, JNR
Skrtic, D
AF Johns, J. I.
O'Donnell, J. N. R.
Skrtic, D.
TI Selected physicochemical properties of the experimental endodontic
sealer
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID AMORPHOUS CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; HYGROSCOPIC EXPANSION; DENTAL COMPOSITES;
SHRINKAGE; LESIONS; CEMENT; ENAMEL; RESINS
AB This study explores water sorption, hygroscopic expansion, mechanical strength and ion release from the experimental amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) composites formulated for application as endodontic sealers. Light-cure (LC) and dual-cure (DC; combined light and chemical cure) resins comprised urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methacryloyloxyethyl phthalate (MEP) and a high molecular mass oligomeric co-monomer, poly(ethyleneglycol)-extended UDMA (PEG-U) (designated UPHM resin). To fabricate composites, a mass fraction of 60% UPHM resin was blended with a mass fraction of 40% as-made (am-) or ground (g-) ACP. Glass-filled composites were used as controls. Both DC and LC ACP UPHM composites exhibited relatively high levels of water sorption accompanied by a significant hygroscopic expansion. The latter may potentially be useful to offset high polymerization stresses that develop in these materials. Ion release profiles of the experimental materials confirmed their potential for regeneration of mineral-deficient tooth structures. Their moderate to low mechanical strength after 3 months of aqueous immersion did not diminish the enthusiasm for the proposed use as endodontic sealers. For that application, DC g-ACP composites appear to be the most adequate, but micro-leakage and quantitative leachability studies are needed to fully establish their suitability.
C1 [Johns, J. I.; O'Donnell, J. N. R.; Skrtic, D.] NIST, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Skrtic, D (reprint author), NIST, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8546, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM drago.skrtic@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [DE13169-10];
National Institute of Standards and Technology; American Dental
Association Foundation
FX This investigation was supported by Research Grant DE13169-10 from the
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National
Institute of Standards and Technology and the American Dental
Association Foundation. We gratefully acknowledge Esstech, Essington,
PA, USA for generously providing the monomers used in this study.
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4530
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER M
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 2
BP 797
EP 805
DI 10.1007/s10856-009-3873-3
PG 9
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 554LK
UT WOS:000274436300046
PM 19768397
ER
PT J
AU Jorgensen, EM
Strugnell, JM
Allcock, AL
AF Jorgensen, Elaina M.
Strugnell, Jan M.
Allcock, A. Louise
TI Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new genus of octopus,
Sasakiopus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), from the Bering Sea, with a
redescription of Sasakiopus salebrosus (Sasaki, 1920)
SO JOURNAL OF MOLLUSCAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN-OCEAN; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; N.-SP.; MOLLUSCA; ATLANTIC; WATERS;
MODEL
AB A new genus of octopus, Sasakiopus, is erected for the species S. salebrosus (Sasaki, 1920) n. comb. Sasakiopus salebrosus is redescribed from the holotype and from new material recently collected in the eastern Bering Sea. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of one nuclear and three mitochondrial genes revealed that the new genus is the sister taxon of a clade containing the genera Benthoctopus and Vulcanoctopus. The clade containing Sasakiopus, Benthoctopus and Vulcanoctopus is the sister group of Enteroctopus. The genus Bathypolypus falls outside this clade. Sasakiopus differs from Bathypolypus and Enteroctopus by the shape of its ligula (simple in Sasakiopus and Benthoctopus, laminate in Bathypolypus and elongate in Enteroctopus), from Enteroctopus by the absence of enlarged suckers in mature male animals and from Benthoctopus by its skin sculpture and ability to ink.
C1 [Jorgensen, Elaina M.] NOAA, RACE, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Strugnell, Jan M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
[Allcock, A. Louise] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland.
RP Jorgensen, EM (reprint author), NOAA, RACE, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Elaina.Jorgensen@noaa.gov
RI Strugnell, Jan/B-1698-2010; Allcock, Louise/A-7359-2012; Strugnell,
Jan/P-9921-2016
OI Allcock, Louise/0000-0002-4806-0040;
FU Lloyd's Tercentenary; NERC [AFI NE/C506321/1]; Antarctic Science
Bursaries; Systematics Association
FX The authors would like to thank the Captain and crew of the F/V
Northwest Explorer for facilitating the fieldwork. Carla Stehr assisted
with the SEM of the radula. Linda Ward and Cheryl Ames assisted in
registration of specimens at the NMNH. J.M.S. was supported by a Lloyd's
Tercentenary Fellowship and NERC AFI NE/C506321/1, Antarctic Science
Bursaries, and thanks the Systematics Association for funding the
sequencing work.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0260-1230
EI 1464-3766
J9 J MOLLUS STUD
JI J. Molluscan Stud.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 76
BP 57
EP 66
DI 10.1093/mollus/eyp046
PN 1
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 547MI
UT WOS:000273892900006
ER
PT J
AU Lu, YH
Meyers, PA
Eadie, BJ
Robbins, JA
AF Lu, Yuehan
Meyers, Philip A.
Eadie, Brian J.
Robbins, John A.
TI Carbon cycling in Lake Erie during cultural eutrophication over the last
century inferred from the stable carbon isotope composition of sediments
SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Erie; Sediment; Stable carbon isotope; Eutrophication; Calcium
carbonate; Total organic carbon
ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SOUTHERN CHINA; GREAT-LAKES; ONTARIO; RECORD;
DELTA-C-13; DYNAMICS; PHYTOPLANKTON; FRACTIONATION; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB A similar to 106-cm sediment core from the eastern basin of Lake Erie was examined to investigate biogeochemical processes in this large lake during its cultural eutrophication over the last century. We measured stable carbon isotopes of total organic carbon and calcium carbonate (delta C-13(TOC) and delta C-13(CaCO3)) as well as the concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3). delta C-13(TOC) and TOC show a strong positive correlation throughout the core and record changes in phytoplankton productivity and nutrient loading. CaCO3 and TOC concentrations display a negative correlation throughout the core, suggesting that CaCO3 concentrations are controlled primarily by decomposition of TOC in the hypolimnion and the sediments, although temperature and invasive mussels are also potential controlling factors. delta C-13(CaCO3) values show a positive correlation with delta C-13(TOC) between 1909 and 1969, indicating phytoplankton productivity was the primary control for delta C-13(CaCO3) values during eutrophication. However, a negative correlation between delta C-13(CaCO3) and delta C-13(TOC) from 1970 to 2002 suggests that these two proxies tracked different aspects of the carbon cycle in the lake in more recent times. The cause for the negative correlation is not yet known, but it is perhaps associated with temperature variations and seasonal differences in productivity.
C1 [Lu, Yuehan; Meyers, Philip A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Eadie, Brian J.; Robbins, John A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Lu, YH (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Keck Environm Lab, 1 Wake Dr, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
EM luyuehan@umich.edu
OI Meyers, Philip/0000-0002-9709-7528
FU Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecological Research; Department
of Geological Sciences at The University of Michigan
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and Dr.
Chris Eastoe from University of Arizona for helpful discussions about
analytical precision. Drs. Kenneth W. Klewin and David C. Rockwelland
from the US Environmental Protection Agency kindly provided TP
concentrations for the EB of Lake Erie since 1982. This study was funded
with grants from the Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecological
Research and the Scott Turner Fund of the Department of Geological
Sciences at The University of Michigan.
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2728
EI 1573-0417
J9 J PALEOLIMNOL
JI J. Paleolimn.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
BP 261
EP 272
DI 10.1007/s10933-009-9330-y
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 567AX
UT WOS:000275415800005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, B
Cicerone, MT
Aso, Y
Pikal, MJ
AF Wang, Bingquan
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Aso, Yukio
Pikal, Michael J.
TI The Impact of Thermal Treatment on the Stability of Freeze-Dried
Amorphous Pharmaceuticals: II. Aggregation in an IgG1 Fusion Protein
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE annealing; physical aging; freeze drying/lyophilization; molecular
mobility; global dynamics (alpha relaxation); local dynamics; enthalpy
relaxation; pre-T(g) endotherms; enthalpy recovery; protein structure;
pharmaceutical stability; protein aggregation; IgG1 protein
ID GROWTH-HORMONE HGH; DRYING-INDUCED VARIATIONS; SOLID-STATE CHEMISTRY;
MOLECULAR MOBILITY; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; ENTHALPY RELAXATION;
GLASS-TRANSITION; CHEMICAL-STABILITY; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES;
DISACCHARIDE FORMULATIONS
AB The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of thermal treatment on storage stability of an IgG1 fusion protein. IgG1 protein formulations were prepared by freeze-drying the protein with sucrose. Some samples were used as controls, and others were subjected to a further heat treatment (annealing). The protein structure was investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and protein aggregation was monitored with size exclusion HPLC. Enthalpy recovery was studied using DSC, and global mobility represented by the structural relaxation time constant (tau(beta)) was characterized by a thermal activity monitor (TAM). The local mobility of the protein system was monitored by both (13)C solid-state NMR and neutron backscattering. Annealing increased the storage stability of the protein, as shown by the smaller aggregation rate and less total aggregation at the end of a storage period. The structural relaxation time constant of an annealed sample was significantly higher than the unannealed control sample, suggesting a decrease in global mobility of the protein system upon annealing. However, annealing does not significantly impact the protein secondary structure or the local mobility. Given the similar protein native structure and specific surface area, the improved stability upon annealing is mainly a result of reduced global molecular mobility. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 99:683-700, 2010
C1 [Wang, Bingquan; Pikal, Michael J.] Univ Connecticut, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Cicerone, Marcus T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Aso, Yukio] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Tokyo 1588501, Japan.
RP Pikal, MJ (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM michael.pikal@uconn.edu
FU Dane O. Kildsig Center for Pharmaceutical Processing Research (CPPR);
National Institute of Standards and Technology; U.S. Department of
Commerce; National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX The authors are grateful to Dane O. Kildsig Center for Pharmaceutical
Processing Research (CPPR) for financial support. The authors would like
to thank Dr. S. Yoshioka for the facilitation of the NMR work, and Dr.
S. Tchessalov for experimental assistance and discussions. Also we
acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron
research facilities used in this work. This work utilized facilities
supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No.
DMR-0454672.
NR 65
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 29
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0022-3549
J9 J PHARM SCI-US
JI J. Pharm. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 99
IS 2
BP 683
EP 700
DI 10.1002/jps.21960
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 550FQ
UT WOS:000274114100014
PM 19798764
ER
PT J
AU Boettinger, WJ
McFadden, GB
AF Boettinger, W. J.
McFadden, G. B.
TI Bending of a Bimetallic Beam Due to the Kirkendall Effect
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE binary diffusion; diffusion couples; diffusion modeling; Kirkendall
effect; metallic alloys; modeling
ID DIFFUSION COUPLES; DEFORMATION; STRESSES
AB The time-dependent bending of single-phase and two-phase bimetal strips due to interdiffusion is computed. The model couples simple beam theory and diffusion with bending due to the creation and/or annihilation of vacancies necessitated by unequal lattice diffusion rates of the two metals. The single-phase analysis employs a Fourier method for the diffusion analysis and predicts a beam curvature that is initially proportional to time and later reaches a constant value. The two-phase analysis, which involves a moving interphase boundary, employs an error function solution for the diffusion problem to model early times and a numerical solution for later time. Unlike the single-phase results, linear behavior is obtained at early time only if the original interface is centered in the beam. In general, the curvature initially is proportional to the square root of time. The numerical solution gives the gradual transition of the curvature to a constant value at late time. In some cases, nonmonotonic time dependence is obtained for the curvature for the two-phase beam.
C1 [Boettinger, W. J.] NIST, Div Met, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[McFadden, G. B.] NIST, Computat Sci Div, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Boettinger, WJ (reprint author), NIST, Div Met, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wboettinger@nist.gov
RI McFadden, Geoffrey/A-7920-2008
OI McFadden, Geoffrey/0000-0001-6723-2103
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 1
BP 6
EP 14
DI 10.1007/s11669-009-9609-8
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 553YP
UT WOS:000274403000003
ER
PT J
AU Holtermann, KE
Bates, SS
Trainer, VL
Odell, A
Armbrust, EV
AF Holtermann, Karie E.
Bates, Stephen S.
Trainer, Vera L.
Odell, Anthony
Armbrust, E. Virginia
TI MASS SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN THE TOXIGENIC DIATOMS PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA
AUSTRALIS AND P-PUNGENS (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) ON THE WASHINGTON COAST, USA
SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE auxospore; domoic acid; P. australis; P. pungens; Pseudo-nitzschia;
sexual reproduction; Washington State
ID DOMOIC ACID PRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; DITYLUM-BRIGHTWELLII;
AUXOSPORE FORMATION; PENNATE DIATOMS; SIZE-REDUCTION; DYNAMICS; BLOOM;
MULTISTRIATA; EVOLUTIONARY
AB Sexual reproduction is documented for the first time in field populations of the pennate diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia australis Freng. and P. pungens (Grunow ex Cleve) Hasle (var. cingulata Villac and hybrids between var. cingulata and var. pungens). A bloom dominated by these species began on June 26, 2006, along Kalaloch Beach, Washington, USA, coincident with a drop in the Si(OH)(4):NO(3) ratio to below two. Multimodal size distributions were detected for both species, and synchronous auxosporulation occurred within the smallest size class during a 3-week window. Auxospores and initial cells created a new class of large cells, and cells in the intermediate size classes increased in abundance during auxosporulation. Mating cells of both species were attached to colonies of surf-zone diatoms. Paired gametangia, gametes, zygotes, auxospores, and large initial cells were found. Auxosporulation began first for P. pungens (June 30), apparently once a critical, high cell concentration was reached, followed by P. australis (July 5), when the total Pseudo-nitzschia cell concentration reached 929,000 cells . L(-1). Low frequencies of auxosporulation occurred throughout the bloom but increased 4-fold for P. australis and 3-fold for P. pungens when macronutrients were reduced to low levels on July 11. A 2-year life cycle was estimated for P. australis and 3 years for P. pungens, both with annual auxosporulation. Domoic acid (DA) in razor clams reached a maximum of 38 mu g DA . g(-1) on July 18. A significant relationship existed between the percent of cells within the new size range and DA concentrations in razor clams on the same beach.
C1 [Holtermann, Karie E.; Armbrust, E. Virginia] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bates, Stephen S.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Ctr, Moncton, NB E1C 9B6, Canada.
[Trainer, Vera L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Odell, Anthony] Univ Washington, Olymp Nat Resources Ctr, Forks, WA 98331 USA.
RP Armbrust, EV (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Box 357940, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM armbrust@ocean.washington.edu
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NIEHS Center for Human Health and
Oceans at the University of Washington; NOAA's West Coast Center for
Oceans and Human Health; WCCOHH [36]
FX We gratefully acknowledge: the Olympic Region Harmful Algal Bloom
(ORHAB) program and, in particular, Carla Stehr, Shelly Nance, Nick
Adams, Brian Bill, and Sheryl Day (NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science
Center); Alan Sarich (ORHAB, WDFW technician); Ed Bowlby and Mary Sue
Brancato (Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary) for mooring array
data; Frank Cox, Jerry Borchert, and Harold Rourke (WDOH) for shellfish
DA analyses; Gerr-Anne Kern (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles
County) for assistance with SEM; and Rita Horner for helpful
suggestions. This research was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative Investigator Award (E. V. A.),
the NIEHS Center for Human Health and Oceans at the University of
Washington (E. V. A.), NOAA's West Coast Center for Oceans and Human
Health (WCCOHH) (V. L. T.), and a surcharge to Washington State
shellfish licenses to ORHAB (A. O.). We thank Monica Orellana, Carla
Stehr, Louis Hanic, Greta Fryxell, and two anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments. This is WCCOHH publication #36.
NR 45
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-3646
J9 J PHYCOL
JI J. Phycol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 41
EP 52
DI 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00792.x
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 546PN
UT WOS:000273822800005
ER
PT J
AU Williams, WJ
Weingartner, TJ
Hermann, AJ
AF Williams, William J.
Weingartner, Thomas J.
Hermann, Albert J.
TI Idealized Two-Dimensional Modeling of a Coastal Buoyancy Front, or River
Plume, under Downwelling-Favorable Wind Forcing with Application to the
Alaska Coastal Current
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOSTROPHIC BAROCLINIC STABILITY; FRESH-WATER DISCHARGE; OCEANIC FRONTS;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; GULF; SURFACE; FLOW; PARAMETERIZATION; VARIABILITY;
CIRCULATION
AB The cross-shelf structure of a buoyancy-driven coastal current, such as produced by a river plume, is modeled in a two-dimensional cross-shelf slice as a "wide" geostrophically balanced buoyancy front. Downwelling-favorable wind stress applied to this front leads to advection in the surface and bottom boundary layers that causes the front to become steeper so that it eventually reaches a steep quasi-steady state. This final state is either convecting, stable and steady, or stable and oscillatory depending on D/delta(*) and b(y)/f(2), where D is bottom depth, delta(*) is an Ekman depth, b(y) is the cross-shelf buoyancy gradient, and f is the Coriolis parameter. Descriptions of the cross-shelf circulation patterns are given and a scaling is presented for the isopycnal slope. The results potentially apply to the Alaska Coastal Current, which experiences strong, persistent downwelling-favorable wind stress during winter, but also likely have application to river plumes subjected to downwelling-favorable wind stress.
C1 [Williams, William J.; Weingartner, Thomas J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Hermann, Albert J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Williams, WJ (reprint author), Inst Ocean Sci, 9860 W Saanich Rd, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
EM Bill.Williams@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
FU North Pacific Marine Research Program (NPMR); GLOBEC Northeast Pacific
Program; UAF Paper Completion Fellowship
FX I would like to acknowledge Kate Hedstrom for many helpful discussions
on numerical modeling and the use of ROMS. This research was funded
through the North Pacific Marine Research Program (NPMR), the GLOBEC
Northeast Pacific Program, and a UAF Paper Completion Fellowship. The
numerical modeling was performed at the Artic Region Supercomputing
Center (ARSC).
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 2
BP 279
EP 294
DI 10.1175/2009JPO4206.1
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 552YC
UT WOS:000274330200002
ER
PT J
AU de Boer, AM
Gnanadesikan, A
Edwards, NR
Watson, AJ
AF de Boer, Agatha M.
Gnanadesikan, Anand
Edwards, Neil R.
Watson, Andrew J.
TI Meridional Density Gradients Do Not Control the Atlantic Overturning
Circulation
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; OCEAN CIRCULATION; MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; WIND STRESS; BOX MODEL; TRANSPORT; SENSITIVITY;
MECHANISMS; STABILITY
AB A wide body of modeling and theoretical scaling studies support the concept that changes to the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), whether forced by winds or buoyancy fluxes, can be understood in terms of a simple causative relation between the AMOC and an appropriately defined meridional density gradient (MDG). The MDG is supposed to translate directly into a meridional pressure gradient. Here two sets of experiments are performed using a modular ocean model coupled to an energy-moisture balance model in which the positive AMOC-MDGrelation breaks down. In the first suite of seven model integrations it is found that increasing winds in the Southern Ocean cause an increase in overturning while the surface density difference between the equator and North Atlantic drops. In the second suite of eight model integrations the equation of state is manipulated so that the density is calculated at the model temperature plus an artificial increment Delta T that ranges from 23 degrees to 9 degrees C. (An increase in Delta T results in increased sensitivity of density to temperature gradients.) The AMOC in these model integrations drops as the MDG increases regardless of whether the density difference is computed at the surface or averaged over the upper ocean. Traditional scaling analysis can only produce this weaker AMOC if the scale depth decreases enough to compensate for the stronger MDG. Five estimates of the depth scale are evaluated and it is found that the changes in the AMOC can be derived from scaling analysis when using the depth of the maximum overturning circulation or estimates thereof but not from the pycnocline depth. These two depth scales are commonly assumed to be the same in theoretical models of the AMOC. It is suggested that the correlation between the MDG and AMOC breaks down in these model integrations because the depth and strength of the AMOC is influenced strongly by remote forcing such as Southern Ocean winds and Antarctic Bottom Water formation.
C1 [de Boer, Agatha M.; Watson, Andrew J.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Gnanadesikan, Anand] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Edwards, Neil R.] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
RP de Boer, AM (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
EM a.deboer@uea.ac.uk
RI Gnanadesikan, Anand/A-2397-2008; De Boer, Agatha/H-4202-2012
OI Gnanadesikan, Anand/0000-0001-5784-1116; De Boer,
Agatha/0000-0002-3943-7694
FU NERC [NE/D001803/1]; Princeton Cooperative Institute for Climate Science
FX Discussions with Robert Toggweiler and KevinOliver were very helpful.
This work was partly funded by NERC Quaternary Quest Fellowship
NE/D001803/1 and by the Princeton Cooperative Institute for Climate
Science. Neil R. Edwards acknowledges funding from the NERC RAPID
program.
NR 47
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 2
BP 368
EP 380
DI 10.1175/2009JPO4200.1
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 552YC
UT WOS:000274330200008
ER
PT J
AU Mickett, JB
Serra, YL
Cronin, MF
Alford, MH
AF Mickett, John B.
Serra, Yolande L.
Cronin, Meghan F.
Alford, Matthew H.
TI Resonant Forcing of Mixed Layer Inertial Motions by Atmospheric Easterly
Waves in the Northeast Tropical Pacific
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SYNOPTIC-SCALE DISTURBANCES; UPPER-OCEAN
RESPONSE; ENERGY FLUX; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WARM POOL; PART I; WIND; ITCZ;
ATLANTIC
AB Westward-propagating atmospheric easterly waves contribute to much of the variability of the low-level wind fields within the northeast tropical Pacific. With the dominant period of these waves (3-5 days) close to the local inertial period (2.4 days at 12 degrees N to 5.7 days at 5 degrees N), there is the expectation that the associated winds may resonantly force mixed layer inertial motions in this region. The authors test this hypothesis using a simple slab model and roughly 41/2 yr of wind data from four NOAA Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate Processes (TAO/EPIC) buoys along 95 degrees W at 12 degrees, 10 degrees, 8 degrees, and 5 degrees N. The degree of resonance is determined by comparing model simulations using observed wind stress with simulations forced with reversed-rotation wind stress. Results strongly indicate that Pacific easterly waves (PEWs) resonantly force inertial motions in the region. This resonance shows both significant seasonality and latitudinal dependence that appears to be related to the meridional position and intensity of the PEWs. North of the zonal axis of the mean track of the PEWs, the low-level winds associated with the waves rotate predominantly clockwise with time and resonantly force mixed layer inertial motions. South of this axis, the winds rotate counterclockwise, resulting in dissonant (antiresonant) forcing. As this axis migrates annually from about 4 degrees N during the boreal winter/spring to a maximum northerly position of about 8 degrees-10 degrees N in the late boreal summer/early fall, the region of strongest resonance follows, consistently remaining to its north. Model output suggests that resonant forcing results in roughly 10%-25% greater net annual flux of kinetic energy from the wind to mixed layer inertial motions than in neutral or nonresonant conditions. This finding has strong implications for mixed layer properties, air-sea coupling, and the generation of near- inertial internal waves.
C1 [Mickett, John B.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Serra, Yolande L.] Univ Arizona, Inst Atmospher Phys, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Cronin, Meghan F.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Alford, Matthew H.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Mickett, JB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM jmickett@apl.washington.edu
RI Serra, Yolande/I-3457-2015
OI Serra, Yolande/0000-0003-3542-1158
FU NOAA
FX ECMWF ERA-interim data used in this study have generously been provided
by ECMWF. This research was supported by the NOAA Climate Prediction
Program for the Americas. The authors also wish to thank the two
anonymous reviewers, whose comments helped to clarify and strengthen the
manuscript.
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 2
BP 401
EP 416
DI 10.1175/2009JPO4276.1
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 552YC
UT WOS:000274330200011
ER
PT J
AU Tabb, DL
Vega-Montoto, L
Rudnick, PA
Variyath, AM
Ham, AJL
Bunk, DM
Kilpatrick, LE
Billheimer, DD
Blackman, RK
Cardasis, HL
Carr, SA
Clauser, KR
Jaffe, JD
Kowalski, KA
Neubert, TA
Regnier, FE
Schilling, B
Tegeler, TJ
Wang, M
Wang, P
Whiteaker, JR
Zimmerman, LJ
Fisher, SJ
Gibson, BW
Kinsinger, CR
Mesri, M
Rodriguez, H
Stein, SE
Tempst, P
Paulovich, AG
Liebler, DC
Spiegelman, C
AF Tabb, David L.
Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo
Rudnick, Paul A.
Variyath, Asokan Mulayath
Ham, Amy-Joan L.
Bunk, David M.
Kilpatrick, Lisa E.
Billheimer, Dean D.
Blackman, Ronald K.
Cardasis, Helene L.
Carr, Steven A.
Clauser, Karl R.
Jaffe, Jacob D.
Kowalski, Kevin A.
Neubert, Thomas A.
Regnier, Fred E.
Schilling, Birgit
Tegeler, Tony J.
Wang, Mu
Wang, Pei
Whiteaker, Jeffrey R.
Zimmerman, Lisa J.
Fisher, Susan J.
Gibson, Bradford W.
Kinsinger, Christopher R.
Mesri, Mehdi
Rodriguez, Henry
Stein, Stephen E.
Tempst, Paul
Paulovich, Amanda G.
Liebler, Daniel C.
Spiegelman, Cliff
TI Repeatability and Reproducibility in Proteomic Identifications by Liquid
Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE sampling; repeatability; reproducibility; biomarkers; complexity
ID LARGE-SCALE PROTEOMICS; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATIONS; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS;
PROTEINS; MS/MS; MODEL; LABORATORIES; SENSITIVITY; ACQUISITION;
TECHNOLOGY
AB The complexity of proteomic instrumentation for LC-MS/MS introduces many possible sources of variability. Data-dependent sampling of peptides constitutes a stochastic element at the heart of discovery proteomics. Although this variation impacts the identification of peptides, proteomic identifications are far from completely random. In this study, we analyzed interlaboratory data sets from the NO Clinical Proteomic Technology Assessment for Cancer to examine repeatability and reproducibility in peptide and protein identifications. Included data spanned 144 LC-MS/MS experiments on four Thermo LTQ and four Orbitrap instruments. Samples included yeast lysate, the NCI-20 defined dynamic range protein mix, and the Sigma UPS 1 defined equimolar protein mix. Some of our findings reinforced conventional wisdom, such as repeatability and reproducibility being higher for proteins than for peptides. Most lessons from the data, however, were more subtle. Orbitraps proved capable of higher repeatability and reproducibility, but aberrant performance occasionally erased these gains. Even the simplest protein digestions yielded more peptide ions than LC-MS/MS could identify during a single experiment. We observed that peptide lists from pairs of technical replicates overlapped by 35-60%, giving a range for peptide-level repeatability in these experiments. Sample complexity did not appear to affect peptide identification repeatability, even as numbers of identified spectra changed by an order of magnitude. Statistical analysis of protein spectral counts revealed greater stability across technical replicates for Orbitraps, making them superior to LTQ instruments for biomarker candidate discovery. The most repeatable peptides were those corresponding to conventional tryptic cleavage sites, those that produced intense MS signals, and those that resulted from proteins generating many distinct peptides. Reproducibility among different instruments of the same type lagged behind repeatability of technical replicates on a single instrument by several percent. These findings reinforce the importance of evaluating repeatability as a fundamental characteristic of analytical technologies.
C1 [Tabb, David L.] Vanderbilt Univ, U9211, Learned Lab, MRB 3,Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo; Variyath, Asokan Mulayath; Spiegelman, Cliff] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Rudnick, Paul A.; Bunk, David M.; Stein, Stephen E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kilpatrick, Lisa E.] NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Billheimer, Dean D.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Blackman, Ronald K.; Carr, Steven A.; Clauser, Karl R.; Jaffe, Jacob D.] MIT & Harvard, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
[Cardasis, Helene L.; Neubert, Thomas A.] NYU, Sch Med, Skirball Inst, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Kowalski, Kevin A.; Regnier, Fred E.] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Schilling, Birgit; Gibson, Bradford W.] Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA.
[Tegeler, Tony J.; Wang, Mu] Monarch Life Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Wang, Pei; Whiteaker, Jeffrey R.; Paulovich, Amanda G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Fisher, Susan J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Kinsinger, Christopher R.; Mesri, Mehdi; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Tempst, Paul] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA.
RP Tabb, DL (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, U9211, Learned Lab, MRB 3,Med Ctr, 465 S 21st Ave, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RI Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo/B-9035-2017;
OI Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo/0000-0002-4096-1100; Tempst,
Paul/0000-0002-6680-3987; Liebler, Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031
FU National Cancer Institute [U24 CA126476, U24 126477, U24 126480, U24
CA126485, U24 126479]; National Cancer Institute and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology; National Cancer Institute through
SAIC to Texas AM University
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute
(U24 CA126476, U24 126477, U24 126480, U24 CA126485, and U24 126479),
part of NCI Clinical Proteomic Technologies for Cancer
(hup://proteomics. cancer.gov) initiative. A component of this
initiative is the Clinical Proteomic Technology Assessment for Cancer
(CPTAC) teams that include the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (with
the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Massachusetts General
Hospital, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the
University of Victoria and the Plasma Proteome Institute); Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (with the Skirball Institute at New York
University); Purdue University (with Monarch life Sciences, Indiana
University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis and the
Hoosier Oncology Group); University of California, San Francisco (with
the Buck Institute for Age Research, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, the University of British Columbia and the University of
Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center); and Vanderbdt University School of
Medicine (with the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, the
University of Washington and the University of Arizona). An interagency
agreement between the National Cancer Institute and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology also provided important support.
Contracts from National Cancer Institute through SAIC to Texas A&M
University funded statistical support for this work.
NR 33
TC 172
Z9 176
U1 2
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 761
EP 776
DI 10.1021/pr9006365
PG 16
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 552EA
UT WOS:000274269400014
PM 19921851
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, H
Wang, MH
AF Zhang, Hao
Wang, Menghua
TI Evaluation of sun glint models using MODIS measurements
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric and ocean optics; Sun glint; Aerosols; Satellite remote
sensing
ID AEROSOL OPTICAL-THICKNESS; OCEAN-COLOR SENSORS; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION;
SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; RADIANCE; SCATTERING; SATELLITE; SEAWIFS;
REFLECTANCE; INSTRUMENT
AB To understand the performance of various sun glint models, we have carried out comparison studies with measurements from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) for several popular sun glitter models, including the Cox-Munk models, Ebuchi-Kizu models, Breon-Henriot models, etc., over the open oceans using MODIS data at the near-infrared (NIR) (859 nm) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands (1240 and 2130 nm). Sun glint models with and without a wind direction dependence were evaluated. To obtain the MODIS-measured glint reflectance from the total reflectance at the top of the atmosphere, we performed atmospheric corrections to remove the effects of atmospheric absorption as well as radiance contributions from molecules (Rayleigh scattering) and aerosols. We have selected 12 MODIS sun glint scenes over various open ocean regions for this study. Our results indicate that overall, the Cox-Munk [1] model with the wind direction dependence has the best performance in terms of correlation coefficients with the MODIS measurements. The Breon-Henriot [8] model performed similarly as from the Cox-Munk model as two models are in fact very close. Findings from these evaluations can improve our ability to accurately remove the sun glint contamination in MODIS imagery and produce robust satellite ocean color and atmosphere products. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zhang, Hao; Wang, Menghua] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Zhang, Hao] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wang, MH (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E-RA3,Room 102,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM menghua.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010; Zhang, Hao/C-1704-2009
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125; Zhang, Hao/0000-0003-2902-1887
FU NOAA; NASA
FX This research was supported by the NOAA and NASA funding and grants. We
thank three anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. The MODIS L1B
data were obtained from NASA/GSFC MODAPS Services website. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 33
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
EI 1879-1352
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 111
IS 3
BP 492
EP 506
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.10.001
PG 15
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 547TZ
UT WOS:000273913600017
ER
PT J
AU Filliben, JJ
Simiu, E
AF Filliben, J. J.
Simiu, E.
TI Tall Building Response Parameters: Sensitivity Study Based on Orthogonal
Factorial Experiment Design Technique
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
AB This work has two objectives. The first objective is to introduce structural engineers to the experiment design technique, whose future applications may include, for example, the total response of tall buildings, the strength reserve of statically indeterminate structures with nonlinear behavior, for which the duration of each run is large, and the aerodynamic response of a structure under a flow with a variety of simulated flow parameters. The second objective is to show, by using the experiment design technique, that wind load factors for tall buildings depend significantly upon uncertainties with respect to the natural frequencies of vibration and the damping ratios. Because this dependence is disregarded in the ASCE 7-05 Standard, wind load factors specified therein can lead to safety levels that are significantly lower for flexible buildings than for rigid buildings. An unexpected result of the study is that estimates of wind effects based on peak gust speeds entail nonnegligible errors. Consideration should therefore be given to replacing peak gust speeds by sustained wind speeds.
C1 [Filliben, J. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, Stat Modeling & Anal Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM james.filliben@nist.gov; emil.simiu@nist.gov
NR 4
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9445
J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE
JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 2
BP 160
EP 164
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2010)136:2(160)
PG 5
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 547LL
UT WOS:000273889900005
ER
PT J
AU Collins, MJ
AF Collins, Mathias J.
TI EVIDENCE FOR CHANGING FLOOD RISK IN NEW ENGLAND SINCE THE LATE 20TH
CENTURY (vol 45, pg 279, 2009)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Restorat Ctr, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
RP Collins, MJ (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Restorat Ctr, 55 Great Republ Dr, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
EM Mathias.Collins@noaa.gov
OI Collins, Mathias/0000-0003-4238-2038
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 199
EP 199
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00411.x
PG 1
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 550ZY
UT WOS:000274175400018
ER
PT J
AU Kim, MS
Pratt, JR
AF Kim, Min-Seok
Pratt, Jon R.
TI SI traceability: Current status and future trends for forces below 10
microNewtons
SO MEASUREMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE MicroNewton; NanoNewton; PicoNewton; Instrumented indentation; Atomic
force microscope; Piezoresistive cantilever; Micro-cantilever
ID CANTILEVER SPRING CONSTANTS; PIEZORESISTIVE CANTILEVERS; NANOMECHANICAL
ANALYSIS; MICROSCOPE CANTILEVERS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; OPTICAL TWEEZERS;
DNA-MOLECULES; CALIBRATION; METROLOGY; STANDARD
AB Measurements related to nano- and micro-scale science, technology, and manufacturing are pushing the limits of detectable mechanical, electrical, and chemical quantities to ever smaller values, raising questions about traceability on such scales. The case in small force measurement is illustrative. At present, the mechanical unit of force is linked to the International Prototype Kilogram, or a deadweight force of nearly 10 N. Although known with exquisite accuracy on this scale, such a mass-based force standard is of little use to investigators and manufacturers using instruments that can determine quantities twelve orders of magnitude smaller. Recognizing this situation, the world congress of the International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO) convened a round table of researchers from National Metrology Institutes representing the US, Europe, and Asia to provide an overview of the emerging field of low-force metrology. This paper captures the information shared in that round table and amplifies on its content. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pratt, Jon R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, Min-Seok] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon, South Korea.
RP Pratt, JR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jon.pratt@nist.gov
NR 99
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-2241
J9 MEASUREMENT
JI Measurement
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
BP 169
EP 182
DI 10.1016/j.measurement.2009.09.005
PG 14
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 547BZ
UT WOS:000273861700003
ER
PT J
AU Li, YQ
Li, DJ
Yang, S
Liu, C
Zhong, AH
Li, Y
AF Li, Yueqing
Li, Dejun
Yang, Song
Liu, Cao
Zhong, Aihua
Li, Ying
TI Characteristics of the precipitation over the eastern edge of the
Tibetan Plateau
SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LATENT HEATING PROFILES; TRMM PR DATA; HEAVY PRECIPITATION; SPECTRAL
RETRIEVAL; TRENDS; CIRCULATION; PROBABILITY; INDICATORS; INTENSITY;
ALGORITHM
AB Variations of precipitation over the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau are analyzed by using data over station Yaan including daytime, nighttime, and daily-mean precipitation and satellite-derived information. A comparison of some features over Yaan and other stations is also carried out. Over Yaan, light-moderate precipitation contributes significantly to both the number of rainy days (96.9%) and the amount (66.9%) of total precipitation. The light-moderate precipitation occurs more frequently at nighttime than at daytime (by 44.5 days, or 33.4%, and by 520.6 mm, or 134.4%, each year), and the nighttime precipitation is mainly in the form of light-moderate precipitation. The number of rainy days and the amount of total precipitation have decreased from the 1950s to the 1970s and during the recent 20 years, associated with negative trends of light-moderate precipitation. Similar features are also found in the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite data. Local convective precipitation is the main form of the light-moderate precipitation over Yaan. The absorption of latent heat at the lower troposphere and the release of latent heat at the upper troposphere are larger at nighttime than at daytime by 1-2 times and 2-3 times, respectively. Both the peak value and the total release of latent heat over Yaan are significantly larger than those over the Tibetan Plateau, eastern China, and the western Pacific warm pool. These distinct local characteristics of the "rain city" Yaan are closely related to the interaction between the atmospheric circulation and the steep topography on the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.
C1 [Li, Yueqing; Li, Dejun; Liu, Cao; Zhong, Aihua; Li, Ying] China Meteorol Adm, Inst Plateau Meteorol, Chengdu 610072, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Li, YQ (reprint author), China Meteorol Adm, Inst Plateau Meteorol, Chengdu 610072, Peoples R China.
EM yueqingli@163.com; Song.Yang@noaa.gov
RI Yang, Song/B-4952-2009
FU US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; China Meteorological
Administration; Key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of
Education [KLME05012]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China
[2007DFB20210]; Sichuan Province of China [2008NG0009]
FX Yueqing Li, partially supported by the US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration and the China Meteorological Administration
bilateral program, thanks NOAA's Climate Prediction Center for hosting
his visit when this study was finished. The authors thank Dr. Song Yang
of the NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information
Service for helpful discussions. This research was also jointly
supported by the programs No. KLME05012 from Key laboratory of
Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, 2007DFB20210 from the
Ministry of Science and Technology of China, "PBL Experiment of Key
Areas at the Eastern Tibetan Plateau and its Downstream'' from the
Innovation Base of Numerical Model of China Meteorological
Administration, and 2008NG0009 from Sichuan Province of China.
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 10
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7971
J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS
JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 106
IS 1-2
BP 49
EP 56
DI 10.1007/s00703-009-0048-1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 543QP
UT WOS:000273593600004
ER
PT J
AU Yao, C
Qian, WH
Yang, S
Lin, ZM
AF Yao, Cai
Qian, Weihong
Yang, Song
Lin, Zhengmin
TI Regional features of precipitation over Asia and summer extreme
precipitation over Southeast Asia and their associations with
atmospheric-oceanic conditions
SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINFALL VARIABILITY; TIBETAN PLATEAU; EAST-ASIA; MONSOON; CLIMATE;
CHINA; PREDICTION; SNOW; CIRCULATION; SURFACE
AB The variations of both total and extreme precipitations over Asia are characterized by large regional features and seasonality. Extreme precipitation mainly occurs in summer and then in autumn over South Asia but it is a prominent phenomenon in all seasons over Southeast Asia. It explains above 40% of the total precipitation in winter over India, while the ratio of extreme precipitation to total precipitation is 30% or smaller in all seasons over southern-central China. Over Southeast Asia, the largest ratio appears in winter. The extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia (EPSEA) exhibits significant positive trends in all seasons except autumn. The long-term increase in summer EPSEA is associated with significant surface warming over extratropical Asia and the Indo-Pacific oceans and linked to a large-scale anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia. An increase in de-trended summer EPSEA is associated with less significant surface warming. However, it is still clearly linked to an anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia, contributed by intensifications of monsoon flow from the west, trade wind from the east, and cross-equatorial flow over Indonesia. The antecedent features of increased summer EPSEA include an overall warming over the tropical-subtropical northern hemisphere and an anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia in winter and spring. When the large-scale Asian monsoon (measured by the Webster-Yang monsoon index) or the South Asian monsoon is strong, summer extreme precipitation mainly increases over tropical Asia. When monsoon is strong over Southeast Asia or East Asia, extreme precipitation increases over Southeast Asia and decreases over East Asia. A strong summer monsoon over Southeast Asia or East Asia is also followed by decreased autumn extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia.
C1 [Yao, Cai; Qian, Weihong] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Monsoon & Environm Res Grp, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song] NOAAs Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Lin, Zhengmin] Guangxi Meteorol Bur, Inst Meteorol Disaster Reduct, Nanning, Guangxi, Peoples R China.
RP Qian, WH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Monsoon & Environm Res Grp, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM qianwh@pku.edu.cn
RI Yang, Song/B-4952-2009
NR 49
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7971
J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS
JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 106
IS 1-2
BP 57
EP 73
DI 10.1007/s00703-009-0052-5
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 543QP
UT WOS:000273593600005
ER
PT J
AU Gao, ST
Li, XF
AF Gao, Shouting
Li, Xiaofan
TI Effects of time-dependent large-scale forcing, solar zenith angle, and
sea surface temperature on time-mean tropical rainfall processes
SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP CONVECTIVE REGIME; SOUTH CHINA SEA; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS; MICROSCALE
STRUCTURE; EQUILIBRIUM STATES; FRONTAL RAINBANDS; CLOUD SYSTEMS; TOGA
COARE; PHASE-III; RADIATION
AB Effects of time-dependent large-scale forcing (LSF), solar zenith angle (SZA), and sea surface temperature (SST) on time-mean rainfall processes during Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) are examined by conducting a control experiment and a series of sensitivity experiments with a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model. The model is forced by time-dependent LSF, SZA, and SST in the control experiment. The sensitivity experiments are forced only by either time-dependent LSF, or SZA, or SST while others are replaced with their time averages. When the model is imposed by time-dependent LSF, time dependence of SZA and SST has no discernable effect on surface rainfall, but it affects rainfall processes. The rainfall is reduced by 15% when the time-dependent LSF is replaced by its time mean. The reduction of rainfall is associated with the suppression of water vapor convergence as a result of low correlation between upward motion and water vapor variation.
C1 [Gao, Shouting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Lab Cloud Precipitat Phys & Severe Storms LACS, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaofan] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Gao, ST (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Lab Cloud Precipitat Phys & Severe Storms LACS, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
EM gst@lasg.iap.ac.cn
RI Li, Xiaofan/F-5605-2010; Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
FU National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China
[2004CB418301]; National Natural Sciences Foundation of China
[40775031]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KCL14014]; "Outstanding Oversea
Scholars" project [2005-2-17]
FX The authors thank Prof. M. Zhang, The State University of New York at
Stony brook, for his TOGA COARE forcing data and two anonymous reviewers
for their constructive comments. This work was supported by the National
Key Basic Research and Development Project of China No. 2004CB418301,
the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China under the Grant No.
40775031, the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of
Sciences under Grant No. KCL14014 and "Outstanding Oversea Scholars"
project No. 2005-2-17.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7971
J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS
JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 106
IS 1-2
BP 95
EP 105
DI 10.1007/s00703-009-0053-4
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 543QP
UT WOS:000273593600007
ER
PT J
AU Parker, TE
AF Parker, Thomas E.
TI Long-term comparison of caesium fountain primary frequency standards
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCURACY EVALUATION; DEAD-TIME; UNCERTAINTY; NIST-F1; IMPACT
AB There are currently nine caesium fountain primary frequency standards regularly reporting calibrations of International Atomic Time to the Bureau International des Poids et Measures (BIPM). An investigation has been carried out using data from the BIPM publication Circular T to evaluate the frequency differences among these standards and to determine whether these offsets are consistent with the stated uncertainties. The fractional frequency uncertainties of some Cs fountains are now in the range of 4 x 10 (16) to 5 x 10 (16). The results of this investigation show that the standards agree well with each other. An overall estimate of the caesium frequency is made using the weighted mean of all the fountains.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Parker, TE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tparker@boulder.nist.gov
NR 26
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 2
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/47/1/001
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 545KL
UT WOS:000273730800001
ER
PT J
AU Prokhorov, AV
Hanssen, LM
AF Prokhorov, Alexander V.
Hanssen, Leonard M.
TI Effective emissivity of a cylindrical cavity with an inclined bottom:
II. Non-isothermal cavity
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
AB An algorithm of the Monte Carlo method applied to the computation of the spectral and total effective emissivity of a specular-diffuse, non-isothermal blackbody cavity formed by a cylindrical tube and a flat inclined bottom is described. The effect of cavity wall temperature non-uniformity on the cavity radiation characteristics is studied for various combinations of the affecting parameters.
C1 [Prokhorov, Alexander V.; Hanssen, Leonard M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Prokhorov, AV (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM leonard.hanssen@nist.gov
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 1
BP 33
EP 46
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/47/1/005
PG 14
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 545KL
UT WOS:000273730800005
ER
PT J
AU Marinenko, RB
Turner, S
Simons, DS
Rabb, SA
Zeisler, RL
Yu, LL
Newbury, DE
Paul, RL
Ritchie, NWM
Leigh, SD
Winchester, MR
Richter, LJ
Meier, DC
Scott, KCK
Klinedinst, D
Small, JA
AF Marinenko, Ryna B.
Turner, Shirley
Simons, David S.
Rabb, Savelas A.
Zeisler, Rolf L.
Yu, Lee L.
Newbury, Dale E.
Paul, Rick L.
Ritchie, Nicholas W. M.
Leigh, Stefan D.
Winchester, Michael R.
Richter, Lee J.
Meier, Douglas C.
Scott, Keana C. K.
Klinedinst, Donna
Small, John A.
TI Characterization of SiGe Films for Use as a National Institute of
Standards and Technology Microanalysis Reference Material (RM 8905)
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE EPMA; electron probe microanalysis; heterogeneity; microanalysis
reference materials; microelectronics; microheterogeneity; SiGe films;
SiGe technology
ID ICP-OES; ELECTRON; ACCURACY; PROGRAM; NIST
AB Bulk silicon-germanium (SiGe) alloys and two SiGe thick films (4 and 5 mu m) on Si wafers were tested with the electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) using wavelength dispersive spectrometers (WDS) for heterogeneity and composition for use as reference materials needed by the microelectronics industry. One alloy with a nominal composition Of Si(0.86)Ge(0.14) and the two thick films with nominal compositions of Si(0.90)Ge(0.10) and Si(0.75)Ge(0.25) on Si, evaluated for micro- and macroheterogeneity, will make good microanalysis reference materials with an overall expanded heterogeneity uncertainty of 1.1% relative or less for Ge. The bulk Ge composition in the Si(0.86)Ge(0.14) alloy was determined to be 30.228% mass fraction Ge with an expanded uncertainty of the mean of 0.195% mass fraction. The thick films were quantified with WDS-EPMA using both the Si(0.86)Ge(0.14), alloy and element wafers as reference materials. The Ge concentration was determined to be 22.80% mass fraction with an expanded uncertainty of the mean of 0.12% mass fraction for the Si(0.90)Ge(0.10) wafer and 43.66% mass fraction for the Si(0.75)Ge(0.25) wafer with an expanded uncertainty of the mean of 0.25% mass fraction. The two thick SiGe films will be issued as National Institute of Standards and Technology Reference Materials (RM 8905).
C1 [Marinenko, Ryna B.; Turner, Shirley; Simons, David S.; Newbury, Dale E.; Ritchie, Nicholas W. M.; Richter, Lee J.; Meier, Douglas C.; Scott, Keana C. K.; Klinedinst, Donna; Small, John A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rabb, Savelas A.; Zeisler, Rolf L.; Yu, Lee L.; Paul, Rick L.; Winchester, Michael R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Leigh, Stefan D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Marinenko, RB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ryna.marinenko@nist.gov
RI Scott, Keana/J-5717-2015; Yu, Lee/N-7263-2015; Richter, Lee/N-7730-2016
OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853; Richter, Lee/0000-0002-9433-3724
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 1
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1017/S1431927609991231
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA 551NW
UT WOS:000274217300001
PM 20030913
ER
PT J
AU Rudnick, PA
Clauser, KR
Kilpatrick, LE
Tchekhovskoi, DV
Neta, P
Blonder, N
Billheimer, DD
Blackman, RK
Bunk, DM
Cardasis, HL
Ham, AJL
Jaffe, JD
Kinsinger, CR
Mesri, M
Neubert, TA
Schilling, B
Tabb, DL
Tegeler, TJ
Vega-Montoto, L
Variyath, AM
Wang, M
Wang, P
Whiteaker, JR
Zimmerman, LJ
Carr, SA
Fisher, SJ
Gibson, BW
Paulovich, AG
Regnier, FE
Rodriguez, H
Spiegelman, C
Tempst, P
Liebler, DC
Stein, SE
AF Rudnick, Paul A.
Clauser, Karl R.
Kilpatrick, Lisa E.
Tchekhovskoi, Dmitrii V.
Neta, Pedatsur
Blonder, Niksa
Billheimer, Dean D.
Blackman, Ronald K.
Bunk, David M.
Cardasis, Helene L.
Ham, Amy-Joan L.
Jaffe, Jacob D.
Kinsinger, Christopher R.
Mesri, Mehdi
Neubert, Thomas A.
Schilling, Birgit
Tabb, David L.
Tegeler, Tony J.
Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo
Variyath, Asokan Mulayath
Wang, Mu
Wang, Pei
Whiteaker, Jeffrey R.
Zimmerman, Lisa J.
Carr, Steven A.
Fisher, Susan J.
Gibson, Bradford W.
Paulovich, Amanda G.
Regnier, Fred E.
Rodriguez, Henry
Spiegelman, Cliff
Tempst, Paul
Liebler, Daniel C.
Stein, Stephen E.
TI Performance Metrics for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Systems in Proteomics Analyses
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; PROTEIN-ABUNDANCE;
BREAST-CANCER; DATABASE
AB A major unmet need in LC-MS/MS-based proteomics analyses is a set of tools for quantitative assessment of system performance and evaluation of technical variability. Here we describe 46 system performance metrics for monitoring chromatographic performance, electrospray source stability, MS1 and MS2 signals, dynamic sampling of ions for MS/MS, and peptide identification. Applied to data sets from replicate LC-MS/MS analyses, these metrics displayed consistent, reasonable responses to controlled perturbations. The metrics typically displayed variations less than 10% and thus can reveal even subtle differences in performance of system components. Analyses of data from interlaboratory studies conducted under a common standard operating procedure identified outlier data and provided clues to specific causes. Moreover, interlaboratory variation reflected by the metrics indicates which system components vary the most between laboratories. Application of these metrics enables rational, quantitative quality assessment for proteomics and other LC-MS/MS analytical applications. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 9: 225-241, 2010.
C1 [Ham, Amy-Joan L.; Tabb, David L.; Zimmerman, Lisa J.; Carr, Steven A.; Liebler, Daniel C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Rudnick, Paul A.; Tchekhovskoi, Dmitrii V.; Neta, Pedatsur; Blonder, Niksa; Stein, Stephen E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clauser, Karl R.; Blackman, Ronald K.; Jaffe, Jacob D.] MIT & Harvard, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA.
[Kilpatrick, Lisa E.; Bunk, David M.] NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Billheimer, Dean D.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Cardasis, Helene L.; Neubert, Thomas A.] NYU, Skirball Inst, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Kinsinger, Christopher R.; Mesri, Mehdi; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Schilling, Birgit; Gibson, Bradford W.] Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA.
[Tegeler, Tony J.; Wang, Mu] Monarch Life Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo; Variyath, Asokan Mulayath; Spiegelman, Cliff] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Wang, Pei; Whiteaker, Jeffrey R.; Paulovich, Amanda G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Fisher, Susan J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Regnier, Fred E.] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Tempst, Paul] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA.
RP Liebler, DC (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM daniel.liebler@vanderbilt.edu; Steve.Stein@NIST.gov
RI Tchekhovskoi, Dmitrii/J-2319-2014;
OI Tempst, Paul/0000-0002-6680-3987; Liebler, Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031
FU NCI, National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Standards and
Technology; National Institutes of Health [U24CA126476, U24CA126485,
U24CA126480, U24CA126477, U24CA126479]
FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by an interagency
agreement between the NCI, National Institutes of Health and the
National Institute of Standards and Technology and by National
Institutes of Health Grants U24CA126476, U24CA126485, U24CA126480,
U24CA126477, and U24CA126479 as part of the NCI Clinical Proteomic
Technologies for Cancer (http://proteomics.cancer.gov) initiative. A
component of this initiative is the Clinical Proteomic Technology
Assessment for Cancer (CPTAC) teams, which include the Broad Institute
of MIT and Harvard (with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center,
Massachusetts General Hospital, the University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, the University of Victoria, and the Plasma Proteome
Institute), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (with the Skirball
Institute at New York University), Purdue University (with Monarch Life
Sciences, Indiana University, Indiana University-Purdue University
Indianapolis, and the Hoosier Oncology Group), University of California,
San Francisco (with the Buck Institute for Age Research, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, the University of British Columbia, and
the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center), and Vanderbilt
University School of Medicine (with the University of Texas M. D.
Anderson Cancer Center, the University of Washington, and the University
of Arizona). Contracts from NCI, National Institutes of Health through
SAIC to Texas A&M University funded statistical support for this work. A
complete listing of the CPTAC Network can be found at
http://proteomics.cancer.gov.
NR 27
TC 102
Z9 102
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 225
EP 241
DI 10.1074/mcp.M900223-MCP200
PG 17
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 568EY
UT WOS:000275506200003
PM 19837981
ER
PT J
AU Paulovich, AG
Billheimer, D
Ham, AJL
Vega-Montoto, L
Rudnick, PA
Tabb, DL
Wang, P
Blackman, RK
Bunk, DM
Cardasis, HL
Clauser, KR
Kinsinger, CR
Schilling, B
Tegeler, TJ
Variyath, AM
Wang, M
Whiteaker, JR
Zimmerman, LJ
Fenyo, D
Carr, SA
Fisher, SJ
Gibson, BW
Mesri, M
Neubert, TA
Regnier, FE
Rodriguez, H
Spiegelman, C
Stein, SE
Tempst, P
Liebler, DC
AF Paulovich, Amanda G.
Billheimer, Dean
Ham, Amy-Joan L.
Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo
Rudnick, Paul A.
Tabb, David L.
Wang, Pei
Blackman, Ronald K.
Bunk, David M.
Cardasis, Helene L.
Clauser, Karl R.
Kinsinger, Christopher R.
Schilling, Birgit
Tegeler, Tony J.
Variyath, Asokan Mulayath
Wang, Mu
Whiteaker, Jeffrey R.
Zimmerman, Lisa J.
Fenyo, David
Carr, Steven A.
Fisher, Susan J.
Gibson, Bradford W.
Mesri, Mehdi
Neubert, Thomas A.
Regnier, Fred E.
Rodriguez, Henry
Spiegelman, Cliff
Stein, Stephen E.
Tempst, Paul
Liebler, Daniel C.
TI Interlaboratory Study Characterizing a Yeast Performance Standard for
Benchmarking LC-MS Platform Performance
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PEPTIDE
IDENTIFICATION; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; GLOBAL
ANALYSIS; MESSENGER-RNA; PROTEOMICS; PLASMA; TOOLS
AB Optimal performance of LC-MS/MS platforms is critical to generating high quality proteomics data. Although individual laboratories have developed quality control samples, there is no widely available performance standard of biological complexity (and associated reference data sets) for benchmarking of platform performance for analysis of complex biological proteomes across different laboratories in the community. Individual preparations of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome have been used extensively by laboratories in the proteomics community to characterize LC-MS platform performance. The yeast proteome is uniquely attractive as a performance standard because it is the most extensively characterized complex biological proteome and the only one associated with several large scale studies estimating the abundance of all detectable proteins. In this study, we describe a standard operating protocol for large scale production of the yeast performance standard and offer aliquots to the community through the National Institute of Standards and Technology where the yeast proteome is under development as a certified reference material to meet the long term needs of the community. Using a series of metrics that characterize LC-MS performance, we provide a reference data set demonstrating typical performance of commonly used ion trap instrument platforms in expert laboratories; the results provide a basis for laboratories to benchmark their own performance, to improve upon current methods, and to evaluate new technologies. Additionally, we demonstrate how the yeast reference, spiked with human proteins, can be used to benchmark the power of proteomics platforms for detection of differentially expressed proteins at different levels of concentration in a complex matrix, thereby providing a metric to evaluate and minimize preanalytical and analytical variation in comparative proteomics experiments. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 9: 242-254, 2010.
C1 [Paulovich, Amanda G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Billheimer, Dean] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Billheimer, Dean] BIO5 Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Ham, Amy-Joan L.; Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo; Tabb, David L.; Zimmerman, Lisa J.; Liebler, Daniel C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Vega-Montoto, Lorenzo; Variyath, Asokan Mulayath; Spiegelman, Cliff] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Rudnick, Paul A.; Bunk, David M.; Stein, Stephen E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Blackman, Ronald K.; Clauser, Karl R.; Carr, Steven A.] MIT & Harvard, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA.
[Cardasis, Helene L.; Fenyo, David; Neubert, Thomas A.] NYU, Kimmel Ctr Biol & Med, Skirball Inst, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Kinsinger, Christopher R.; Mesri, Mehdi; Rodriguez, Henry; Spiegelman, Cliff] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Schilling, Birgit; Gibson, Bradford W.] Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA 94945 USA.
[Tegeler, Tony J.] Monarch Life Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Wang, Mu; Regnier, Fred E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Fisher, Susan J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Tempst, Paul] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA.
RP Paulovich, AG (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, 1100 Fairview Ave N,LE-360,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
EM apaulovi@fhcrc.org; daniel.liebler@vanderbilt.edu
OI Tempst, Paul/0000-0002-6680-3987; Fenyo, David/0000-0001-5049-3825;
Liebler, Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031
FU NCI, National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Standards and
Technology; National Institutes of Health [U24CA126476-01,
U24CA126485-01, U24CA126480-01, U24CA126477-01, U24CA126479-01]
FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by an interagency
agreement between the NCI, National Institutes of Health and the
National Institute of Standards and Technology and by National
Institutes of Health Grants U24CA126476-01, U24CA126485-01,
U24CA126480-01, U24CA126477-01, and U24CA126479-01 as part of the NCI
Clinical Proteomic Technologies for Cancer
(http://proteomics.cancer.gov) initiative. A component of this
initiative is the Clinical Proteomic Technology Assessment for Cancer
(CPTAC) teams, which include the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
(with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Massachusetts General
Hospital, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the
University of Victoria, and the Plasma Proteome Institute), Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (with the Skirball Institute at New York
University), Purdue University (with Monarch Life Sciences, Indiana
University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, and the
Hoosier Oncology Group), University of California, San Francisco (with
the Buck Institute for Age Research, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, the University of British Columbia, and the University of
Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center), and Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine (with the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, the
University of Washington, and the University of Arizona). Contracts from
NCI, National Institutes of Health through SAIC to Texas A&M University
funded statistical support for this work.
NR 32
TC 100
Z9 100
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 2
BP 242
EP 254
DI 10.1074/mcp.M900222-MCP200
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 568EY
UT WOS:000275506200004
PM 19858499
ER
PT J
AU Bunya, S
Dietrich, JC
Westerink, JJ
Ebersole, BA
Smith, JM
Atkinson, JH
Jensen, R
Resio, DT
Luettich, RA
Dawson, C
Cardone, VJ
Cox, AT
Powell, MD
Westerink, HJ
Roberts, HJ
AF Bunya, S.
Dietrich, J. C.
Westerink, J. J.
Ebersole, B. A.
Smith, J. M.
Atkinson, J. H.
Jensen, R.
Resio, D. T.
Luettich, R. A.
Dawson, C.
Cardone, V. J.
Cox, A. T.
Powell, M. D.
Westerink, H. J.
Roberts, H. J.
TI A High-Resolution Coupled Riverine Flow, Tide, Wind, Wind Wave, and
Storm Surge Model for Southern Louisiana and Mississippi. Part I: Model
Development and Validation
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; DATA SET; HURRICANE; FLORIDA; FIELDS
AB A coupled system of wind, wind wave, and coastal circulation models has been implemented for southern Louisiana and Mississippi to simulate riverine flows, tides. wind waves. and hurricane storm surge in the region. The system combines the NOAA Hurricane Research Division Wind Analysis System (H*WIND) and the Interactive Objective Kinematic Analysis (IOKA) kinematic wind analyses, the Wave Model (WAM) offshore and Steady-State Irregular Wave (STWAVE) nearshore wind wave models, and the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) basin to channel-scale unstructured grid circulation model. The system emphasizes a high-resolution (down to 50 m) representation of the geometry. bathymetry, and topography nonlinear coupling of all processes including wind wave radiation stress-induced set up; and objective specification of frictional parameters based on land-cover databases and commonly used parameters. Riverine flows and tides are validated for no storm conditions, while winds, wind waves, hydrographs, and high water marks are validated for Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
C1 [Bunya, S.; Dietrich, J. C.; Westerink, J. J.; Westerink, H. J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Ebersole, B. A.; Smith, J. M.; Jensen, R.; Resio, D. T.] USA, Coastal Hydraul Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Atkinson, J. H.; Roberts, H. J.] Arcadis Inc, Denver, CO USA.
[Luettich, R. A.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Dawson, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Cardone, V. J.; Cox, A. T.] Oceanweather Inc, Cos Cob, CT USA.
[Powell, M. D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Westerink, JJ (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM jjw@nd.edu
RI Dietrich, Joel/E-5161-2011; Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013
OI Dietrich, Joel/0000-0001-5294-2874; Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945
FU USACE Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force; USACE Louisiana
Coastal Protection and Restoration Study, the USACE New Orleans
District, and the USACE Hurricane Protection Office; Federal Emergency
Management Agency Region 6; USACE System-Wide Water Resources and
MOR-PHOS Programs; Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence
in Natural Hazards, Coastal Infrastructure, and Emergency Managemen;
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Integrated Ocean
Observing System Program; U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development
Center; Department of Defense Supercomputing Resource Center; University
of Texas at Austin, Texas Advanced Computing Center; National Science
Foundation [DMS06-20696, OCI-0746232]; Office of Naval Research
[N00014-06-1-0285]
FX Permission to publish this paper was granted by the Chief of Engineers,
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). This work was supported by the
USACE Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force; the Joint Coastal
Surge Study in support of the USACE Louisiana Coastal Protection and
Restoration Study, the USACE New Orleans District, and the USACE
Hurricane Protection Office; the Federal Emergency Management Agency
Region 6; and the USACE System-Wide Water Resources and MOR-PHOS
Programs; the Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence in
Natural Hazards, Coastal Infrastructure, and Emergency Management; and
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Integrated Ocean
Observing System Program. Computational resources and support were
provided by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center,
Department of Defense Supercomputing Resource Center, and the University
of Texas at Austin, Texas Advanced Computing Center. ADCIRC model
development was supported by awards from the USACE, the National Science
Foundation (DMS06-20696 and OCI-0746232), and the Office of Naval
Research (N00014-06-1-0285).
NR 50
TC 125
Z9 125
U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 2
BP 345
EP 377
DI 10.1175/2009MWR2906.1
PG 33
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572JE
UT WOS:000275826400002
ER
PT J
AU Dietrich, JC
Bunya, S
Westerink, JJ
Ebersole, BA
Smith, JM
Atkinson, JH
Jensen, R
Resio, DT
Luettich, RA
Dawson, C
Cardone, VJ
Cox, AT
Powell, MD
Westerink, HJ
Roberts, HJ
AF Dietrich, J. C.
Bunya, S.
Westerink, J. J.
Ebersole, B. A.
Smith, J. M.
Atkinson, J. H.
Jensen, R.
Resio, D. T.
Luettich, R. A.
Dawson, C.
Cardone, V. J.
Cox, A. T.
Powell, M. D.
Westerink, H. J.
Roberts, H. J.
TI A High-Resolution Coupled Riverine Flow, Tide, Wind, Wind Wave, and
Storm Surge Model for Southern Louisiana and Mississippi. Part II:
Synoptic Description and Analysis of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
AB Hurricanes Katrina and Rita were powerful storms that impacted southern Louisiana and Mississippi during the 2005 hurricane season. In Part I, the authors describe and validate a high-resolution coupled riverine flow, tide, wind, wave, and storm surge model for this region. Herein, the model is used to examine the evolution of these hurricanes in more detail. Synoptic histories show how storm tracks, winds, and waves interacted with the topography, the protruding Mississippi River delta, east-west shorelines, manmade structures, and low-lying marshes to develop and propagate storm surge. Perturbations of the model, in which the waves are not included, show the proportional importance of the wave radiation stress gradient induced setup.
C1 [Dietrich, J. C.; Bunya, S.; Westerink, J. J.; Westerink, H. J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Ebersole, B. A.; Smith, J. M.; Jensen, R.; Resio, D. T.] USA, Coastal Hydraul Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Atkinson, J. H.; Roberts, H. J.] Arcadis Inc, Denver, CO USA.
[Luettich, R. A.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Dawson, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Cardone, V. J.; Cox, A. T.] Oceanweather Inc, Cos Cob, CT USA.
[Powell, M. D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Westerink, JJ (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM jjw@nd.edu
RI Dietrich, Joel/E-5161-2011; Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013
OI Dietrich, Joel/0000-0001-5294-2874; Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945
FU USACE Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force; USACE Louisiana
Coastal Protection and Restoration Study, the USACE New Orleans
District, and the USACE Hurricane Protection Office; Federal Emergency
Management Agency Region 6; USACE SystemWide Water Resources and MORPHOS
Programs; Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence in
Natural Hazards, Coastal Infrastructure and Emergency Management;
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Integrated Ocean
Observing System Program; U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development
Center, Department of Defense Supercomputing Resource Center; University
of Texas at Austin; National Science Foundation [DMS06-20696,
OCI-0746232]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-0285]
FX Permission to publish this paper was granted by the Chief of Engineers,
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). This work was supported by the
USACE Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force; the Joint Coastal
Surge Study in support of the USACE Louisiana Coastal Protection and
Restoration Study, the USACE New Orleans District, and the USACE
Hurricane Protection Office; the Federal Emergency Management Agency
Region 6; the USACE SystemWide Water Resources and MORPHOS Programs; the
Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence in Natural Hazards,
Coastal Infrastructure and Emergency Management; and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Integrated Ocean Observing System
Program. Computational resources and support were provided by the U.S.
Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Department of Defense
Supercomputing Resource Center and the University of Texas at Austin,
Texas Advanced Computing Center. ADCIRC model development was supported
by awards from the USACE, the National Science Foundation (DMS06-20696
and OCI-0746232) and the Office of Naval Research (N00014-06-1-0285).
NR 15
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 4
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 2
BP 378
EP 404
DI 10.1175/2009MWR2907.1
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572JE
UT WOS:000275826400003
ER
PT J
AU Shulski, M
Walsh, J
Stevens, E
Thoman, R
AF Shulski, Martha
Walsh, John
Stevens, Eric
Thoman, Richard
TI Diagnosis of Extended Cold-Season Temperature Anomalies in Alaska
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; WINTER; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; CLIMATOLOGY;
FAIRBANKS; INVERSION; BUDGET; ICE
AB During the early winter of 2002 and late winter of 2007, the Alaskan sector of the North Pacific Ocean region experienced record-breaking temperature anomalies. The duration of these episodes was unusually long, with each lasting more than 1 month: 55 days for the warm anomaly of October-December 2002 and 37 days for the cold anomaly of February-M arch 2007. Temperature departures over each respective period were the largest for the continental climate of interior Alaska (>10 degrees C) and the smallest for the maritime regions of Alaska (<4 degrees C). Mean temperatures over the event periods in 2002 and 2007 easily ranked as the record warmest and coldest, respectively, for many surface observing stations. In addition, heating degree-day anomalies were on the order of 700 units for these periods. Atmospheric circulation patterns at the surface and upper levels for the circum-Arctic proved to be the driver for these persistent events. The 2002 warm anomaly was driven by enhanced southerly advection associated with an unusually strong Aleutian low and a positive Pacific decadal oscillation index, which resulted in a large area of anomalous temperatures in Alaska and northern Canada. The 2007 cold anomaly was driven by a weakening of the circulation pattern in the subpolar Pacific sector and a strengthening of the Siberian high, with the strongest temperature anomalies in Alaska and northwestern Canada.
C1 [Shulski, Martha] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Walsh, John] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Stevens, Eric; Thoman, Richard] Natl Weather Serv Fairbanks Forecast Off, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Shulski, M (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, 3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM mshulski@unlnotes.unl.edu
FU state of Alaska; National Science Foundation; Office of Polar Programs
[OPP-0520112, OPP-0652838]
FX This work was supported in part by the state of Alaska and the National
Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs, through Grants OPP-0520112
and OPP-0652838.
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 2
BP 453
EP 462
DI 10.1175/2009MWR3039.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572JE
UT WOS:000275826400007
ER
PT J
AU Yussouf, N
Stensrud, DJ
AF Yussouf, Nusrat
Stensrud, David J.
TI Impact of Phased-Array Radar Observations over a Short Assimilation
Period: Observing System Simulation Experiments Using an Ensemble Kalman
Filter
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID WEATHER RADAR; PART I; PARAMETERS; SCHEME; STORMS; MODEL; SHEAR; WIND
AB The conventional Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) scans a given weather phenomenon in approximately 5 min, and past results suggest that it takes 30-60 min to establish a storm into a model assimilating these data using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data assimilation technique. Severe-weather events, however, can develop and evolve very rapidly. Therefore, assimilating observations for a 30-60-min period prior to the availability of accurate analyses may not be feasible in an operational setting. A shorter assimilation period also is desired if forecasts are produced to increase the warning lead time. With the advent of the emerging phased-array radar (PAR) technology, it is now possible to scan the same weather phenomenon in less than I min. Therefore, it is of interest to see if the faster scanning rate of PAR can yield improvements in storm-scale analyses and forecasts from assimilating over a shorter period of time. Observing system simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the ability to quickly initialize a storm into a numerical model using PAR data in place of WSR-88D data. Synthetic PAR and WSR-88D observations of a splitting supercell storm are created from a storm-scale model run using a realistic volume-averaging technique in native radar coordinates. These synthetic reflectivity and radial velocity observations are assimilated into the same storm-scale model over a 15-min period using an EnKF data assimilation technique followed by a 50-min ensemble forecast. Results indicate that assimilating PAR observations at 1-min intervals over a short 15-min period yields significantly better analyses and ensemble forecasts than those produced using WSR-88D observations. Additional experiments are conducted in which the adaptive scanning capability of PAR is utilized for thunderstorms that are either very close to or far away from the radar location. Results show that the adaptive scanning capability improves the analyses and forecasts when Compared with the nonadaptive PAR data. These results highlight the potential for flexible rapid-scanning PAR observations to help to quickly and accurately initialize storms into numerical models yielding improved storm-scale analyses and very short range forecasts.
C1 [Yussouf, Nusrat] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Yussouf, Nusrat] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Yussouf, N (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM nusrat.yussouf@noaa.gov
OI Yussouf, Nusrat/0000-0003-4998-1770
NR 31
TC 36
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 2
BP 517
EP 538
DI 10.1175/2009MWR2925.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572JE
UT WOS:000275826400011
ER
PT J
AU Jung, YS
Xue, M
Zhang, GF
AF Jung, Youngsun
Xue, Ming
Zhang, Guifu
TI Simultaneous Estimation of Microphysical Parameters and the Atmospheric
State Using Simulated Polarimetric Radar Data and an Ensemble Kalman
Filter in the Presence of an Observation Operator Error
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC MODEL; SCALE DATA
ASSIMILATION; PART I; THEORETICAL ASPECTS; METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS;
COVARIANCE PARAMETERS; SIZE; ADJOINT; IMPACT
AB The impacts of polarimetric radar data oil the estimation of uncertain microphysical parameters ale investigated through observing system simulation experiments when the effects of uncertain parameters oil the observation operators are also considered. Five fundamental microphysical parameters (i.e., the intercept parameters of rain, snow. and hail and the bulk densities of snow and had) are estimated individually or collectively using the ensemble square root Kalman filter. The differential reflectivity Z(DR), specific differential phase K(DP), and radar reflectivity at horizontal polarization Z(H) are used individually or in combinations for the parameter estimation while the radial velocity and Z(H) are used for the state estimation. In the process, the parameter values estimated in the previous analysis cycles are used in the forecast model and in observation operators in the ensuing assimilation cycle. Analyses are first performed that examine the sensitivity of various observations to the microphysical parameters with and without observation operator error. The results are used to help interpret the filler behaviors in parameter estimation. The experiments ill which either a single or all five parameters contain initial errors reveal difficulties in estimating certain parameters using Z(H) alone when observation operator error is involved. Additional polarimetric measurements are found to tic beneficial for both parameter and state estimation in general. It is found that the polarimeteric data are more helpful when the parameter estimation is not very successful with Z(H) alone. Between Z(DR) and K(DP), K(DP) is found to produce larger positive impacts oil parameter estimation in general while Z(DR) is more useful in the estimation of the intercept parameter of hail. In the experiments that attempt to correct errors in all five parameters. the filler fails to correctly estimate the snow intercept parameter and the density with or without polarimetric data, seemingly due to the small sensitivity of the observations to these parameters and complications involving the observation operator error. When these two snow parameters are not corrected during the estimation process, the estimations of the other three parameters and of all of the state variables are significantly improved and the positive impacts of polarimetric data are larger than that of a five-parameter estimation. These results reveal the significant complexity of the estimation problem for a highly nonlinear system and the need for careful sensitivity analysis. The problem is potentially more challenging with real-data cases when unknown Sources of model errors are inevitable.
C1 [Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Centel Anal & Predict Storms, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Jung, Youngsun; Xue, Ming; Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Xue, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Centel Anal & Predict Storms, Natl Weather Ctr, Ste 2500,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM mxue@ou.edu
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011; Zhang, Guifu/M-3178-2014; Jung,
Youngsun/O-6227-2016
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238; Zhang, Guifu/0000-0002-0261-2815; Jung,
Youngsun/0000-0003-2265-9837
FU NSF [EEC-0313747, ATM-0608168, ATM-0802888, ATM-0530814, ATM-0331594]
FX The authors thank Dr. Mingjing Tong for much help on the initial use of
the ARPS ensemble Kalman filter code and Daniel Dawson for proofreading
the original manuscript. This work was primarily supported by NSF Grants
EEC-0313747 and ATM-0608168. The second author was also Supported by NSF
Grants ATM-0802888, ATM-0530814, and ATM-0331594. The computations were
performed at the OU Supercomputing Center for Education and Research.
NR 53
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 2
BP 539
EP 562
DI 10.1175/2009MWR2748.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 572JE
UT WOS:000275826400012
ER
PT J
AU Heeres, RW
Dorenbos, SN
Koene, B
Solomon, GS
Kouwenhoven, LP
Zwiller, V
AF Heeres, Reinier W.
Dorenbos, Sander N.
Koene, Benny
Solomon, Glenn S.
Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
Zwiller, Valery
TI On-Chip Single Plasmon Detection
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Single surface plasmons; superconducting detectors; semiconductor
quantum dots; nanophotonics
ID ELECTRICAL DETECTION; OPTICAL PLASMONS; WAVE-GUIDES
AB Surface plasmon polaritons (plasmons) have the potential to interface electronic and optical devices. They could prove extremely useful for integrated quantum information processing. Here we demonstrate on-chip electrical detection of single plasmons propagating along gold waveguides. The plasmons are excited using the single-photon emission of an optically emitting quantum dot. After propagating for several micrometers, the plasmons are coupled to a superconducting detector in the near-held. Correlation measurements prove that single plasmons are being detected.
C1 [Heeres, Reinier W.; Dorenbos, Sander N.; Koene, Benny; Kouwenhoven, Leo P.; Zwiller, Valery] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heeres, RW (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, POB 5046, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
EM r.w.heeres@tudelft.nl
FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/FOM)
FX We thank Ewold Verhagen and Freek Kelkensberg for discussions and Nika
Akopian for support. This work is supported financially by The
Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO/FOM).
NR 17
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 3
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 2
BP 661
EP 664
DI 10.1021/nl903761t
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 553BE
UT WOS:000274338800052
PM 20041700
ER
PT J
AU Jepson, MA
Keefer, ML
Naughton, GP
Peery, CA
Burke, BJ
AF Jepson, M. A.
Keefer, M. L.
Naughton, G. P.
Peery, C. A.
Burke, B. J.
TI Population Composition, Migration Timing, and Harvest of Columbia River
Chinook Salmon in Late Summer and Fall
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID ADULT SOCKEYE-SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; ATLANTIC SALMON; STOCK
IDENTIFICATION; PACIFIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; FISHERY; RATES;
TEMPERATURE; SELECTION
AB We used radiotelemetry to evaluate population composition, run timing, and reservoir harvest patterns for adult Columbia River fall-run Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Chinook salmon (n = 5,886) were collected at Bonneville Dam during August-October over 7 years. We selected for upriver bright (URB) populations en route to interior basin spawning sites because these groups are priority populations for both fisheries and conservation efforts. Run composition varied within and among years, but in all years a relatively large percentage of the earliest migrants returned to upper Columbia River sites and the majority of late-run fish returned to the Columbia River Hanford Reach. Deschutes, Yakima, and Snake River populations typically constituted small (<= 17%) but relatively constant proportions of the run throughout each migration season. Population-specific migration timing distributions indicated modest but persistent timing differences among populations, particularly for Hanford Reach and upper Columbia River populations. Annual reported reservoir harvest estimates ranged from 12% to 26%. Harvest rates varied seasonally within years, from relatively low mean rates (<= 11%) for fish tagged early and late in migrations to peak rates of over 25% for those tagged in late August and early September. These patterns suggest that it may be possible to increase harvest of abundant populations and reduce harvest of some vulnerable populations by adjusting the timing of fisheries. In addition, there was evidence that larger fish were harvested at higher rates and that mean fish size differed among populations. The combined results improve our understanding of the Columbia River URB fall Chinook salmon run and should help in refining harvest and escapement management plans.
C1 [Jepson, M. A.; Keefer, M. L.; Naughton, G. P.; Peery, C. A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Burke, B. J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Jepson, MA (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM mjepson@uidaho.edu
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FX We are grateful to the many people who provided their time and
assistance during the course of this study. We especially acknowledge
the contributions of T. C. Bjornn and L. C. Stuehrenberg, who were
responsible for leading the early years of this research. We thank R.
Ringe, K. Tolotti, S. Lee, C. Boggs, W. Daigle, D. Quaempts, M. Morasch,
M. Heinrich, D. Joosten, T. Dick, C. Morat, P. Keniry, C. Williams, and
C. Nauman, who helped with field operations and the collection and
processing of telemetry data at the University of Idaho. A. Matter, T.
Bohn, S. McCarthy, and K. Frick of the National Marine Fisheries Service
(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries) helped with
data management and analysis. We thank the many collaborating agency
personnel and staff at hatcheries, traps, and weirs who returned radio
transmitters or telemetry data for this project. We also thank W.
Connor, K. Kostow, and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive
critiques of this manuscript. Funding for this study during 1998-2003
was provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as part of a
large-scale evaluation of migration behavior, passage, and survival in
the Columbia River; we thank D. Clugston, M. Langeslay, R. Dach, M.
Shutters, and T. Mackey for their assistance. Study years 2004-2005 were
funded by the Chinook Technical Committee of the Pacific Salmon
Commission. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the
U. S. Government.
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 1
BP 72
EP 88
DI 10.1577/M08-078.1
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 588ZR
UT WOS:000277113900007
ER
PT J
AU Boughton, DA
AF Boughton, David A.
TI Estimating the Size of Steelhead Runs by Tagging Juveniles and
Monitoring Migrants
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SMALL STREAMS; RAINBOW-TROUT; MARK-RECAPTURE;
FISH; SURVIVAL; SYSTEM; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE; HABITAT
AB The number of individuals in a spawning run of anadromous fish can be estimated by tagging juveniles with passive integrated transponders during the freshwater phase and the subsequent monitoring of adult upstream migrants by use of instream tag readers. The method may enable monitoring of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in systems where other methods are intractable. I developed a hierarchical capture-resighting model and applied it to simulated data to develop a relation between the number of marked juveniles and the precision of run size estimates. Precision is primarily controlled by the number of tagged spawners that ultimately return and are detected; only 30-90 tagged spawners are required to obtain relatively precise estimates of run size. For typical marine survival rates, 0.0033-0.0330, this translates to a tagging effort of between 3,400 and 45,000 juveniles/cohort. Estimates are robust to imperfect detection of tagged fish if at least two instream readers independently scan for tags. Reach sampling allows for estimation of run size in large stream systems. Based on my simulations, the number of reaches could be as low as 30-40 under scenarios of high marine survival. Computer code is provided for the estimator using the freely available statistical software R.
C1 Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Boughton, DA (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM David.Boughton@noaa.gov
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 1
BP 89
EP 101
DI 10.1577/M09-046.1
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 588ZR
UT WOS:000277113900008
ER
PT J
AU Perry, RW
Skalski, JR
Brandes, PL
Sandstrom, PT
Klimley, AP
Ammann, A
MacFarlane, B
AF Perry, Russell W.
Skalski, John R.
Brandes, Patricia L.
Sandstrom, Philip T.
Klimley, A. Peter
Ammann, Arnold
MacFarlane, Bruce
TI Estimating Survival and Migration Route Probabilities of Juvenile
Chinook Salmon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIOTELEMETRY; MOVEMENT; HATCHERY; PASSAGE; GROWTH; SYSTEM; STOCKS;
MODEL
AB Juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha emigrating from natal tributaries of the Sacramento River must negotiate the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, a complex network of natural and man-made channels linking the Sacramento River with San Francisco Bay. Natural processes and water management actions affect the fractions of the population using the different migration routes through the delta and survival within those routes. However, estimating these demographic parameters is difficult using traditional mark-recapture techniques, which depend on the physical recapture of fish (e. g., coded wire tags). Thus, our goals were to (1) develop a mark-recapture model to explicitly estimate the survival and migration route probabilities for each of four migration routes through the delta, (2) link these route-specific probabilities to population-level survival, and (3) apply this model to the first available acoustic telemetry data of smolt migration through the delta. The point estimate of survival through the delta for 64 tagged fish released in December 2006 ((S) over cap (delta) = 0.351; SE = 0.101) was lower than that for 80 tagged fish released in January 2007 ((S) over cap (delta) = 0.543; SE = 0.070). We attributed the observed difference in survival between releases to differences in survival for given migration routes and changes in the proportions of fish using the different routes. Our study shows how movements among, and survival within, migration routes interact to influence population-level survival through the delta. Thus, concurrent estimation of both route-specific migration and survival probabilities is critical to understanding the factors affecting population-level survival in a spatially complex environment such as the delta.
C1 [Perry, Russell W.; Skalski, John R.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
[Brandes, Patricia L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Stockton, CA 95205 USA.
[Sandstrom, Philip T.; Klimley, A. Peter] Univ Calif Davis, Biotelemetry Lab, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Ammann, Arnold; MacFarlane, Bruce] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Perry, RW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
EM rwperry@u.washington.edu
OI Skalski, John/0000-0002-7070-2505
FU CALFED with the California Bay-Delta Authority [U-04-SC-005]; California
Bay-Delta Authority [U-05-SC-047]
FX Funding for R. W. P's involvement with this project was provided by a
CALFED Science Fellowship, agreement U-04-SC-005 with the California
Bay-Delta Authority. Tagging of juvenile salmon, ultrasonic station
deployment and interrogation, and tag detection database maintenance
were supported by a grant from the California Bay-Delta Authority by
agreement U-05-SC-047 (A. P. K. and B. M., principal investigators). Jon
Burau and Aaron Blake, USGS, provided valuable insights and support to
R. W. P. during this project. We thank Kevin Niemela, Kurtis Brown, and
Scott Hamelburg of U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the staff
of Coleman National Fish Hatchery for providing the late-fall Chinook
and logistical support for this study. We thank Scott Foott, USFWS,
CA-NV Fish Health Center, for providing the fish transportation truck.
We are grateful to the following staff of USFWS in Stockton, California,
for assisting with transport, holding, and release of tagged fish: Paul
Cadrett, Jack Ingram, Mike Marshall, Jennifer Messineo, Greg Nelson, Jon
Thompson, Eric Volkman, Abi Warwas, Lori Wichman, and Rick Wilder. We
also thank four anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the
manuscript. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the
U. S. Government.
NR 36
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 3
U2 31
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 1
BP 142
EP 156
DI 10.1577/M08-200.1
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 588ZR
UT WOS:000277113900013
ER
PT J
AU Prager, MH
Shertzer, KW
AF Prager, Michael H.
Shertzer, Kyle W.
TI Deriving Acceptable Biological Catch from the Overfishing Limit:
Implications for Assessment Models
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PROBABILITY-BASED APPROACH
AB The recently revised Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act requires that U. S. fishery management councils avoid overfishing by setting annual catch limits (ACLs) not exceeding recommendations of the councils' scientific advisers. To meet that requirement, the scientific advisers will need to know the overfishing limit (OFL) estimated in each stock assessment, with OFL being the catch available from applying the limit fishing mortality rate to current or projected stock biomass. The advisers then will derive "acceptable biological catch'' (ABC) from OFL by reducing OFL to allow for scientific uncertainty, and ABC becomes their recommendation to the council. We suggest methodology based on simple probability theory by which scientific advisers can compute ABC from OFL and the statistical distribution of OFL as estimated by a stock assessment. Our method includes approximations to the distribution of OFL if it is not known from the assessment; however, we find it preferable to have the assessment model estimate the distribution of OFL directly. Probability-based methods such as this one provide well-defined approaches to setting ABC and may be helpful to scientific advisers as they translate the new legal requirement into concrete advice.
C1 [Prager, Michael H.; Shertzer, Kyle W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Prager, MH (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM mike.prager@noaa.gov
NR 18
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 1
BP 289
EP 294
DI 10.1577/M09-105.1
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 588ZR
UT WOS:000277113900025
ER
PT J
AU Carey, MP
Wahl, DH
AF Carey, Michael P.
Wahl, David H.
TI Interactions of multiple predators with different foraging modes in an
aquatic food web
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Multiple predators; Risk-enhanced effect; Additive design; Substitution
design
ID BASS MICROPTERUS-SALMOIDES; LARGEMOUTH BASS; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS;
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; HABITAT COMPLEXITY; PREY INTERACTIONS; ESOX
MASQUINONGY; NORTHERN PIKE; OPEN-WATER; BODY SIZE
AB Top predators can have different foraging modes that may alter their interactions and effects on food webs. Interactions between predators may be non-additive resulting from facilitation or interference, whereas their combined effects on a shared prey may result in emergent effects that are risk enhanced or risk reduced. To test the importance of multiple predators with different foraging modes, we examined the interaction between a cruising predator (largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides) and an ambush predator (muskellunge, Esox masquinongy) foraging on a shared prey (bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus) with strong anti-predator defense behaviors. Additive and substitution designs were used to compare individual to combined predator treatments in experimental ponds. The multiple predator interaction facilitated growth of the cruising predator in the combined predator treatments, whereas predator species had substitutable effects on the growth of the ambush predator. The combined predator treatments created an emergent effect on the prey; however, the direction was dependent on the experimental design. The additive design found a risk-reducing effect, whereas the substitution design found a risk-enhancing effect for prey fish. Indirect effects from the predators weakly extended to lower trophic levels (i.e., zooplankton community). Our results highlight the need to consider differences in foraging mode of top predators, interactions between predators, and emergent effects on prey to understand food webs.
C1 [Carey, Michael P.; Wahl, David H.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Sam Parr Biol Stn, Kinmundy, IL 62854 USA.
[Carey, Michael P.; Wahl, David H.] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Carey, MP (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Michael.P.Carey@noaa.gov
RI Carey, Michael/G-9516-2012; Gebauer, Radek/G-6749-2015
FU Illinois Natural History Survey
FX We thank the staff at the Kaskaskia and Sam Parr Biological Stations,
Illinois Natural History Survey, especially K. Schnake, K. Ostrand, M.
Diana, C. Wagner, E. Smolik, K. Atkins, J. Clark, and J. Wisher for help
in the field and with sample processing. All procedures conformed to the
University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and
comply with the current laws of the U. S. Reviews by C. Caceres, J.
Brawn, and K. Paige substantially improved the manuscript. Support was
provided by the Illinois Natural History Survey.
NR 63
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 162
IS 2
BP 443
EP 452
DI 10.1007/s00442-009-1461-3
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 546FA
UT WOS:000273795200018
PM 19777265
ER
PT J
AU Borjemscaia, N
Polyakov, SV
Lett, PD
Migdall, A
AF Borjemscaia, Natalia
Polyakov, Sergey V.
Lett, Paul D.
Migdall, Alan
TI Single-photon propagation through dielectric bandgaps
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID TUNNELING TIMES
AB Theoretical models of photon traversal through quarter-wave dielectric stack barriers that arise due to Bragg reflection predict the saturation of the propagation time with the barrier length, known as the Hartman effect. This saturation is sensitive to the addition of single dielectric layers, varying significantly from sub-luminal to apparently super-luminal and vice versa. Our research tests the suitability of photonic bandgaps as an optical model for the tunneling process. Of particular importance is our observation of subtle structural changes in dielectric stacks drastically affecting photon traversal times, allowing for apparent sub-and super-luminal effects. We also introduce a simple model to link HOM visibility to wavepacket distortion that allows us to exclude this as a possible cause of the loss of contrast in the barrier penetration process. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Borjemscaia, Natalia] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Borjemscaia, Natalia; Polyakov, Sergey V.; Lett, Paul D.; Migdall, Alan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Borjemscaia, Natalia; Polyakov, Sergey V.; Lett, Paul D.; Migdall, Alan] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Borjemscaia, N (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, 37th & O St NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
EM nrutter@nist.gov
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3
BP 2279
EP 2286
DI 10.1364/OE.18.002279
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 559AD
UT WOS:000274791200049
PM 20174056
ER
PT J
AU Gong, YY
Makarova, M
Yerci, S
Li, R
Stevens, MJ
Baek, B
Nam, SW
Hadfield, RH
Dorenbos, SN
Zwiller, V
Vuckovic, J
Dal Negro, L
AF Gong, Yiyang
Makarova, Maria
Yerci, Selcuk
Li, Rui
Stevens, Martin J.
Baek, Burm
Nam, Sae Woo
Hadfield, Robert H.
Dorenbos, Sander N.
Zwiller, Val
Vuckovic, Jelena
Dal Negro, Luca
TI Linewidth narrowing and Purcell enhancement in photonic crystal cavities
on an Er-doped silicon nitride platform
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTOR; LASER
AB Light emission at 1.54 mu m from an Er-doped amorphous silicon nitride layer coupled to photonic crystal resonators at cryogenic and room temperatures and under varying optical pump powers has been studied. The results demonstrate that small mode volume, high quality factor resonators enhance Er absorption and emission rates at the cavity resonance. Time resolved measurements give 11- to 17-fold Purcell enhancement of spontaneous emission at cryogenic temperatures, and 2.4-fold enhancement at room temperature. Resonances exhibit linewidth narrowing with pump power, signifying absorption bleaching and partial inversion of the Er ions cryogenic temperatures. We estimate that 31% of Er ions are excited at the highest pump power. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Gong, Yiyang; Makarova, Maria; Vuckovic, Jelena] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Yerci, Selcuk; Li, Rui; Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Yerci, Selcuk; Li, Rui; Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Photon Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Stevens, Martin J.; Baek, Burm; Nam, Sae Woo] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hadfield, Robert H.] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Dorenbos, Sander N.; Zwiller, Val] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands.
RP Gong, YY (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM yiyangg@stanford.edu
RI Hadfield, Robert/L-8081-2013; Yerci, Selcuk/C-7993-2014
OI Hadfield, Robert/0000-0002-8084-4187; Yerci, Selcuk/0000-0003-0599-588X
FU MARCO IFC; AFOSR; U.S. Air Force MURI [FA9550-06-1-0470]; NWO
[680-47-223]; National Science Foundation [ECS-9731293]; Intel; NSF
FX This work was supported in part by the grants from MARCO IFC, AFOSR and
the U.S. Air Force MURI program under Award No. FA9550-06-1-0470, on
"Electrically-Pumped Silicon-Based Lasers for Chip-Scale Nanophotonic
Systems" supervised by Dr. Gernot Pomrenke. VZ and SD acknowledge
funding from NWO (VIDI grant 680-47-223). Devices were fabricated in
part at the Stanford Nanofabrication Facility of NNIN supported by the
National Science Foundation under Grant ECS-9731293. We would also like
to acknowledge support from the Intel (MM) and the NSF (YG) fellowships.
The authors would like to thank Vanessa Sih for developing the etching
recipe for the PC cavities in the Er-doped silicon nitride samples, and
Michel Digonnet for helpful discussions in interpreting experimental
results.
NR 25
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 14
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD FEB 1
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 3
BP 2601
EP 2612
DI 10.1364/OE.18.002601
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 559AD
UT WOS:000274791200082
PM 20174089
ER
PT J
AU Tong, XM
Ranitovic, P
Cocke, CL
Toshima, N
AF Tong, X. M.
Ranitovic, P.
Cocke, C. L.
Toshima, N.
TI Mechanisms of infrared-laser-assisted atomic ionization by attosecond
pulses
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HARMONIC-GENERATION; FIELDS
AB We propose a mechanism to understand the infrared (IR) laser assisted atomic ionization by attosecond pulses (AP). Atomic structures in an IR laser field are described by Floquet states and atoms can be ionized to a Floquet state by a single AP through different Floquet components. The interference of ionization through different Floquet components results in the oscillation of the ionization yield as a function of the arriving time of the AP. The proposed mechanism explains the recent experimental observations [Johnsson et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 233001 (2007)]. Furthermore, we find that, for a specified photoelectron energy, the ionization yield always oscillates as a function of the relative phase between the AP and the IR laser for both He and Ar atoms.
C1 [Tong, X. M.; Toshima, N.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan.
[Tong, X. M.] Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan.
[Ranitovic, P.; Cocke, C. L.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, James R Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Ranitovic, P.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ranitovic, P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Tong, XM (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Inst Mat Sci, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan.
EM tong.xiaomin.ga@u.tsukuba.ac.jp
RI Tong, Xiao-Min/A-2748-2011; ranitovic, predrag/A-2282-2014
OI Tong, Xiao-Min/0000-0003-4898-3491;
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Office of Science, US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(C) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, in part by the
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy. The
numerical calculations were carried out by the T2K-Tsukuba System in the
Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba.
NR 16
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
AR 021404
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.81.021404
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 562RW
UT WOS:000275072500012
ER
PT J
AU Wallquist, M
Hammerer, K
Zoller, P
Genes, C
Ludwig, M
Marquardt, F
Treutlein, P
Ye, J
Kimble, HJ
AF Wallquist, M.
Hammerer, K.
Zoller, P.
Genes, C.
Ludwig, M.
Marquardt, F.
Treutlein, P.
Ye, J.
Kimble, H. J.
TI Single-atom cavity QED and optomicromechanics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MEMBRANE
AB In a recent publication [ K. Hammerer, M. Wallquist, C. Genes, M. Ludwig, F. Marquardt, P. Treutlein, P. Zoller, J. Ye, and H. J. Kimble, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 063005 ( 2009)] we have shown the possibility to achieve strong coupling of the quantized motion of a micron-sized mechanical system to the motion of a single trapped atom. In the proposed setup the coherent coupling between a SiN membrane and a single atom is mediated by the field of a high finesse cavity and can be much larger than the relevant decoherence rates. This makes the well-developed tools of cavity quantum electrodynamics with single atoms available in the realm of cavity optomechanics. In this article we elaborate on this scheme and provide detailed derivations and technical comments. Moreover, we give numerical as well as analytical results for a number of possible applications for transfer of squeezed or Fock states from atom to membrane as well as entanglement generation, taking full account of dissipation. In the limit of strong-coupling the preparation and verification of nonclassical states of a mesoscopic mechanical system is within reach.
C1 [Wallquist, M.; Hammerer, K.; Zoller, P.; Genes, C.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Wallquist, M.; Hammerer, K.; Zoller, P.; Genes, C.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Commun, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Wallquist, M.; Hammerer, K.; Zoller, P.; Ye, J.; Kimble, H. J.] CALTECH, Norman Bridge Lab Phys 12 33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Ludwig, M.; Marquardt, F.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Ctr NanoSci, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
[Ludwig, M.; Marquardt, F.] Univ Munich, Arnold Sommerfeld Ctr Theoret Phys, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
[Treutlein, P.] Univ Munich, Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-80799 Munich, Germany.
[Treutlein, P.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-80799 Munich, Germany.
[Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ye, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Wallquist, M (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, Technikerstr 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
RI Wallquist, Margareta/F-7966-2010; Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Marquardt,
Florian/C-2533-2008; Treutlein, Philipp/H-6158-2012; Zoller,
Peter/O-1639-2014; genes, claudiu/A-5043-2017; Hammerer,
Klemens/C-3538-2008
OI Marquardt, Florian/0000-0003-4566-1753; Treutlein,
Philipp/0000-0001-9025-9574; Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505;
Hammerer, Klemens/0000-0002-7179-0666
NR 39
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 3
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
AR 023816
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.81.023816
PG 17
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 562RW
UT WOS:000275072500186
ER
PT J
AU Janssen, Y
Kim, MS
Park, KS
Wu, LS
Marques, C
Bennett, MC
Chen, Y
Li, J
Huang, Q
Lynn, JW
Aronson, MC
AF Janssen, Y.
Kim, M. S.
Park, K. S.
Wu, L. S.
Marques, C.
Bennett, M. C.
Chen, Y.
Li, J.
Huang, Q.
Lynn, J. W.
Aronson, M. C.
TI Determination of the magnetic structure of Yb3Pt4:k=0 local-moment
antiferromagnet
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; QUANTUM CRITICALITY;
LATTICE-CONSTANTS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SPACE-GROUPS; TRANSITIONS; HORH4B4;
GROWTH; METALS
AB We have used neutron-diffraction measurements to study the zero-field magnetic structure of the intermetallic compound Yb3Pt4, which was earlier found to order antiferromagnetically at the Neel temperature T-N = 2.4 K, and displays a field-driven quantum-critical point at 1.6 T. In Yb3Pt4, the Yb moments sit on a single low-symmetry site in the rhombohedral lattice with space group R (3) over bar. The Yb ions form octahedra with edges that are twisted with respect to the hexagonal unit cell, a twisting that results in every Yb ion having exactly one Yb nearest neighbor. Below T-N, we found new diffracted intensity due to a k=0 magnetic structure. This magnetic structure was compared to all symmetry-allowed magnetic structures and was subsequently refined. The best-fitting magnetic-structure model is antiferromagnetic and involves pairs of Yb nearest neighbors on which the moments point almost exactly toward each other. This structure has moment components within the ab plane as well as parallel to the c axis although the easy magnetization direction lies in the ab plane. Our magnetization results suggest that besides the crystal-electric-field anisotropy, anisotropic exchange favoring alignment along the c axis is responsible for the overall direction of the ordered moments. The magnitude of the ordered Yb moments in Yb3Pt4 is 0.81 mu(B)/Yb at 1.4 K. The analysis of the bulk properties, the size of the ordered moment, and the observation of well-defined crystal-field levels argue that the Yb moments are spatially localized in zero field.
C1 [Janssen, Y.; Kim, M. S.; Park, K. S.; Aronson, M. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Park, K. S.; Wu, L. S.; Marques, C.; Bennett, M. C.; Aronson, M. C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Chen, Y.; Li, J.; Huang, Q.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Y.; Li, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Janssen, Y (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM yjanssen@bnl.gov
RI Park, Keeseong/B-2435-2012; Wu, Liusuo/A-5611-2016
OI Wu, Liusuo/0000-0003-0103-5267
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; National
Science Foundation [NSF-DMR0405961]; National Institute of Standards and
Technology; U. S. Department of Commerce
FX We are indebted to A. S. Wills, A. Kreyssig, P. Stephens, A.
Moodenbaugh, W. Ratcliff, and P. Khalifah for valuable discussions and
for help with experiments. Work at the Brookhaven National Laboratory
was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. Work at Stony Brook University was supported by the National
Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF-DMR0405961. We acknowledge the
support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U. S.
Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities
used in this work.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 6
AR 064401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.064401
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 561SB
UT WOS:000274998100052
ER
PT J
AU Kuznetsova, I
Gogh, N
Forstner, J
Meier, T
Cundiff, ST
Varga, I
Thomas, P
AF Kuznetsova, I.
Gogh, N.
Foerstner, J.
Meier, T.
Cundiff, S. T.
Varga, I.
Thomas, P.
TI Modeling excitonic line shapes in weakly disordered semiconductor
nanostructures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTUM-WELLS; COHERENT; ABSORPTION;
SIGNATURES; SPECTRA
AB Excitonic spectra of weakly disordered semiconductor heterostructures are simulated on the basis of a one-dimensional tight-binding model. The influence of the length scale of weak disorder in quantum wells on the redshift of the excitonic peak and its linewidth is studied. By calculating two-dimensional Fourier-transform spectra we are able to determine the contribution of disorder to inhomogeneous and also to homogeneous broadenings separately. This disorder-induced dephasing is related to a Fano-type coupling and leads to contributions to the homogeneous linewidth that depends on energy within the inhomogeneously broadened line. The model includes heavy-and light-hole excitons and yields smaller inhomogeneous broadening for the light-hole exciton if compared to the heavy-hole exciton, which agrees qualitatively with the experiment.
C1 [Kuznetsova, I.; Foerstner, J.; Meier, T.] Univ Gesamthsch Paderborn, Fak Nat Wissensch, Dept Phys, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Kuznetsova, I.; Foerstner, J.; Meier, T.] Univ Gesamthsch Paderborn, CeOPP, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Gogh, N.; Thomas, P.] Univ Marburg, Dept Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
[Gogh, N.; Thomas, P.] Univ Marburg, Ctr Mat Sci, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
[Cundiff, S. T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, S. T.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Varga, I.] Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Inst Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
RP Kuznetsova, I (reprint author), Univ Gesamthsch Paderborn, Fak Nat Wissensch, Dept Phys, Warburger Str 100, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
RI Forstner, Jens/D-1251-2009; Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009; Varga,
Imre/A-9282-2008
OI Forstner, Jens/0000-0001-7059-9862; Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197;
FU DFG [FO 637/1-1, 1464]; John-vonNeumann Institute fur Computing (NIC),
Julich, Germany
FX This work has been supported by the DFG through the Emmy Noether Program
Grant No. FO 637/1-1 and the DFG Research Training Group GRK 1464, and
by the John-vonNeumann Institute fur Computing (NIC), Julich, Germany.
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 7
AR 075307
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.075307
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 561SC
UT WOS:000274998200079
ER
PT J
AU Ueland, BG
Gardner, JS
Williams, AJ
Dahlberg, ML
Kim, JG
Qiu, Y
Copley, JRD
Schiffer, P
Cava, RJ
AF Ueland, B. G.
Gardner, J. S.
Williams, A. J.
Dahlberg, M. L.
Kim, J. G.
Qiu, Y.
Copley, J. R. D.
Schiffer, P.
Cava, R. J.
TI Coexisting magnetic order and cooperative paramagnetism in the stuffed
pyrochlore Tb2+xTi2-2xNbxO7
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GADOLINIUM GALLIUM GARNET; SPIN LIQUID-STATE; ANTIFERROMAGNET TB2TI2O7;
FRUSTRATED MAGNET; SCATTERING; CRYSTAL; ENTROPY
AB Neutron-scattering and magnetization measurements have been performed on the stuffed pyrochlore system Tb2+xTi2-2xNbxO7. We find that despite the introduction of chemical disorder and increasingly antiferromagnetic interactions, a spin-glass transition does not occur for T >= 1.5 K and cooperative paramagnetic behavior exists for all x. For x=1, Tb3NbO7, an antiferromagnetically ordered state coexisting with cooperative paramagnetic behavior is seen without applying any external fields or pressure, a situation advantageous for studying this cooperative behavior.
C1 [Ueland, B. G.; Gardner, J. S.; Qiu, Y.; Copley, J. R. D.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gardner, J. S.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Williams, A. J.; Kim, J. G.; Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Williams, A. J.; Kim, J. G.; Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Dahlberg, M. L.; Schiffer, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Dahlberg, M. L.; Schiffer, P.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Ueland, BG (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bgueland@nist.gov
RI Ueland, Benjamin/B-2312-2008; Schiffer, Peter/F-3227-2011; Gardner,
Jason/A-1532-2013;
OI Ueland, Benjamin/0000-0001-9784-6595; Schiffer,
Peter/0000-0002-6430-6549
FU NRC/NIST; NSF [DMR-0454672, DMR-0701582, DMR-0703095]
FX We gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions and exchanges with M. A.
Green, P. Zajdel, and J. W. Lynn, support from the NRC/NIST Postdoctoral
Associateship Program, and NSF Grants No. DMR-0454672, No. DMR-0701582,
and No. DMR-0703095.
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 6
AR 060408
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.060408
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 561SB
UT WOS:000274998100011
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, ML
Douglas, JF
AF Mansfield, Marc L.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Influence of variable hydrodynamic interaction strength on the transport
properties of coiled polymers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCLUDED-VOLUME INTERACTIONS; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; KIRKWOOD-RISEMAN
MODEL; TO-GLOBULE TRANSITION; INTRINSIC-VISCOSITY; THETA-POINT; RESIDUAL
INTERACTIONS; DILUTE-SOLUTION; FRICTION; MACROMOLECULES
AB We have computed the hydrodynamic radius R(h) and intrinsic viscosity [eta] of a large number of random coil polymer models by path integration. We examine the effects of chain length, solvent quality, monomer size and shape, and chain stiffness on the approach of these transport properties to the limit of large molecular mass. For many of the models, we have also calculated the ensemble-averaged solvent velocity field in the vicinity of the coil as it moves with constant drift velocity under the action of an external force. Naive scaling arguments predict alpha=nu and beta=3 nu-1, where alpha, beta, and nu are the exponents controlling the chain length behavior of R(h), [eta], and R(g), respectively. We present evidence for a "draining crossover" that quantifies the slow convergence of the transport properties to their asymptotic scaling behavior. Indeed, the convergence is so slow that effective alpha and beta exponents rarely agree with the naive predictions at typical molecular masses. For the same chain models, R(g) converges rapidly to its asymptotic behavior, indicating that the effect is not due to a crossover from theta to swollen behavior, as often stated. Solvent quality, monomer size, and chain stiffness all influence the draining crossover. Our results call into question the common practice of extracting metrical data, e.g., characteristic ratios, directly from polymer solution transport properties.
C1 [Mansfield, Marc L.] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Chem Biol & Biomed Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mansfield, ML (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Chem Biol & Biomed Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
EM marc.mansfield@stevens.edu; jack.douglas@nist.gov
NR 55
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
AR 021803
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.81.021803
PN 1
PG 15
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 562LY
UT WOS:000275053700075
PM 20365586
ER
PT J
AU Zastrau, U
Audebert, P
Bernshtam, V
Brambrink, E
Kampfer, T
Kroupp, E
Loetzsch, R
Maron, Y
Ralchenko, Y
Reinholz, H
Ropke, G
Sengebusch, A
Stambulchik, E
Uschmann, I
Weingarten, L
Forster, E
AF Zastrau, U.
Audebert, P.
Bernshtam, V.
Brambrink, E.
Kaempfer, T.
Kroupp, E.
Loetzsch, R.
Maron, Y.
Ralchenko, Yu.
Reinholz, H.
Roepke, G.
Sengebusch, A.
Stambulchik, E.
Uschmann, I.
Weingarten, L.
Foerster, E.
TI Temperature and K alpha-yield radial distributions in laser-produced
solid-density plasmas imaged with ultrahigh-resolution x-ray
spectroscopy
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID IGNITION; SCATTERING; PULSES
AB We study warm dense matter formed by subpicosecond laser irradiation at several 10(19) W/cm(2) of thin Ti foils using x-ray spectroscopy with high spectral (E/Delta E similar to 15,000) and one-dimensional spatial (Delta x=13.5 mu m) resolutions. Ti K alpha doublets modeled by line-shape calculations are compared with Abel-inverted single-pulse experimental spectra and provide radial distributions of the bulk-electron temperature and the absolute-photon number K alpha yield in the target interiors. A core with similar to 40 eV extends homogeneously up to ten times the laser-focus size. The spatial distributions of the bulk-electron temperature and K alpha yield are strongly correlated.
C1 [Zastrau, U.; Kaempfer, T.; Loetzsch, R.; Uschmann, I.; Foerster, E.] Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantenelekt, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
[Audebert, P.; Brambrink, E.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, CEA UMR 7605, Lab Utilisat Laser Intenses, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Bernshtam, V.; Kroupp, E.; Maron, Y.; Stambulchik, E.; Weingarten, L.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Fac Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Ralchenko, Yu.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Reinholz, H.; Roepke, G.; Sengebusch, A.] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany.
RP Zastrau, U (reprint author), Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantenelekt, Max Wien Pl 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
EM ulf.zastrau@uni-jena.de
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/B-7687-2011; Stambulchik, Evgeny/K-1816-2012; Ralchenko,
Yuri/E-9297-2016;
OI Stambulchik, Evgeny/0000-0002-7100-8793; Ralchenko,
Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554; Zastrau, Ulf/0000-0002-3575-4449
FU German Research Foundation (DFG); German-Israeli Foundation for
Scientific Research and Development (GIF) [I-880-135.7/2005]; German
Federal Ministry for Education and Research [FSP 301-FLASH]
FX We are grateful to D. Salzmann, E. Nardi, and M. Deutsch for fruitful
discussions. We thankfully acknowledge financial support by the German
Research Foundation (DFG), the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific
Research and Development (GIF) via Grant No. I-880-135.7/2005, and the
German Federal Ministry for Education and Research via Project No. FSP
301-FLASH.
NR 30
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
AR 026406
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.81.026406
PN 2
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 562LZ
UT WOS:000275053800048
PM 20365664
ER
PT J
AU Seely, JF
Szabo, CI
Audebert, P
Brambrink, E
Tabakhoff, E
Hudson, LT
AF Seely, J. F.
Szabo, C. I.
Audebert, P.
Brambrink, E.
Tabakhoff, E.
Hudson, L. T.
TI Lateral propagation of MeV electrons generated by femtosecond laser
irradiation
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium; dysprosium; gadolinium; hafnium; high-speed optical
techniques; ionisation; plasma accelerators; plasma interactions; plasma
production by laser; space charge; tungsten
ID FAST IGNITER RESEARCH; COLLISIONLESS ABSORPTION; PLASMA INTERACTIONS;
SOLID INTERACTIONS; HOT-ELECTRONS; TARGETS; PULSES; PENETRATION;
INHIBITION; DEPOSITION
AB The propagation of MeV electrons generated by intense (approximate to 10(20) W/cm(2)) femtosecond laser irradiation, in the lateral direction perpendicular to the incident laser beam, was studied using targets consisting of irradiated metal wires and neighboring spectator wires embedded in electrically conductive (aluminum) or resistive (Teflon) substrates. The K shell spectra in the energy range 40-60 keV from wires of Gd, Dy, Hf, and W were recorded by a transmission crystal spectrometer. The spectra were produced by 1s electron ionization in the irradiated wire and by energetic electron propagation through the substrate material to the spectator wire of a different metal. The electron range and energy were determined from the relative K shell emissions from the irradiated and spectator wires separated by varying substrate lateral distances of up to 1 mm. It was found that electron propagation through Teflon was inhibited, compared to aluminum, implying a relatively weak return current and incomplete space-charge neutralization. The energetic electron propagation in the direction parallel to the electric field of the laser beam was larger than perpendicular to the electric field. Energetic electron production was lower when directly irradiating aluminum or Teflon compared to irradiating the heavy metal wires. These experiments are important for the determination of the energetic electron production mechanism and for understanding lateral electron propagation that can be detrimental to fast-ignition fusion and hard x-ray backlighter radiography.
C1 [Seely, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Szabo, C. I.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Ecole Normale Super, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Audebert, P.; Brambrink, E.; Tabakhoff, E.] Ecole Polytech, LULI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Hudson, L. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Seely, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.seely@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research; Helmholtz Association [HA216/EMMI]
FX We thank Paul Indelicato and Alexander Gumberidze for supporting the
experiments, Glenn Holland for expert technical assistance, and Uri
Feldman for valuable discussions. The work at the Naval Research
Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this
paper in order to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such
identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by
the U. S. government, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
The Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB) is "Unite Mixte de Recherche du
CNRS, de l'ENS et de l'UPMC No. 8552." The LKB group was supported by
the Helmholtz Alliance Program of the Helmholtz Association, Contract
No. HA216/EMMI "Extremes of Density and Temperature: Cosmic Matter in
the Laboratory."
NR 56
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 2
AR 023102
DI 10.1063/1.3298734
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 562DE
UT WOS:000275028700030
ER
PT J
AU Kim, S
Aladjem, MI
McFadden, GB
Kohn, KW
AF Kim, Sohyoung
Aladjem, Mirit I.
McFadden, Geoffrey B.
Kohn, Kurt W.
TI Predicted Functions of MdmX in Fine-Tuning the Response of p53 to DNA
Damage
SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID P53-MDM2 FEEDBACK LOOP; MOLECULAR INTERACTION MAPS; IN-VIVO;
BIOREGULATORY NETWORKS; SWITCH; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS; SYSTEMS; MODEL;
PHOSPHORYLATION
AB Tumor suppressor protein p53 is regulated by two structurally homologous proteins, Mdm2 and MdmX. In contrast to Mdm2, MdmX lacks ubiquitin ligase activity. Although the essential interactions of MdmX are known, it is not clear how they function to regulate p53. The regulation of tumor suppressor p53 by Mdm2 and MdmX in response to DNA damage was investigated by mathematical modeling of a simplified network. The simplified network model was derived from a detailed molecular interaction map (MIM) that exhibited four coherent DNA damage response pathways. The results suggest that MdmX may amplify or stabilize DNA damage-induced p53 responses via non-enzymatic interactions. Transient effects of MdmX are mediated by reservoirs of p53: MdmX and Mdm2: MdmX heterodimers, with MdmX buffering the concentrations of p53 and/or Mdm2. A survey of kinetic parameter space disclosed regions of switch-like behavior stemming from such reservoir-based transients. During an early response to DNA damage, MdmX positively or negatively regulated p53 activity, depending on the level of Mdm2; this led to amplification of p53 activity and switch-like response. During a late response to DNA damage, MdmX could dampen oscillations of p53 activity. A possible role of MdmX may be to dampen such oscillations that otherwise could produce erratic cell behavior. Our study suggests how MdmX may participate in the response of p53 to DNA damage either by increasing dependency of p53 on Mdm2 or by dampening oscillations of p53 activity and presents a model for experimental investigation.
C1 [Kim, Sohyoung; Aladjem, Mirit I.; Kohn, Kurt W.] NCI, Mol Pharmacol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[McFadden, Geoffrey B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, Math & Computat Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Kim, S (reprint author), NCI, Mol Pharmacol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM aladjemm@mail.nih.gov; kohnk@dc37a.nci.nih.gov
RI Aladjem, Mirit/G-2169-2010; McFadden, Geoffrey/A-7920-2008;
OI Aladjem, Mirit/0000-0002-1875-3110; McFadden,
Geoffrey/0000-0001-6723-2103; Kim, Sohyoung/0000-0002-6140-7918
FU NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research
FX This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program
of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-734X
J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JI PLoS Comput. Biol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 2
AR e1000665
DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000665
PG 18
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 565AI
UT WOS:000275260000029
PM 20174603
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JD
AF Brown, James D.
TI Prospects for the open treatment of uncertainty in environmental
research
SO PROGRESS IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
DE confidence; ensemble prediction; environmental modeling; Information
Deficit Model; probability; risk
ID ENSEMBLE STREAMFLOW PREDICTIONS; NATIONAL-WEATHER-SERVICE; CHAIN
MONTE-CARLO; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FORECAST
VERIFICATION; MODEL UNCERTAINTY; DECISION-MAKING; PROBABILITY FORECASTS;
STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS
AB Current treatments of uncertainty in environmental research embody several myths about the causes and consequences of imperfect knowledge, namely: (1) the dominant role of environmental factors in controlling uncertainty, such as system complexity, non-linearity and space-time variability, rather than social and psychological factors; (2) the primacy of observations in locating, quantifying, and reducing uncertainty; and (3) the value of technical assessments of uncertainty in 'risk-based decision-making'. While the identification and treatment of specific sources of uncertainty remain impractical in some areas of environmental research, a source-based approach is increasingly used in environmental modeling. Here, selected sources of uncertainty are quantified with probability distributions and propagated to model outputs (a forward problem), while data are used to calibrate these estimates and reduce uncertainty (an inverse problem). More generally, current treatments of uncertainty and risk are dominated by attempts to quantify, minimize, and control uncertainty. Uncertainty is viewed as an 'information deficit' to be resolved, rather than an inherent product of conducting research. This paper argues for more open treatments of uncertainty in environmental research. Such openness requires an appreciation of the social and psychological causes of uncertainty, the role of observations as imperfect and contingent expressions of visible events, and the myriad ways in which scientific information can be misinterpreted, misused, or sidelined in environmental decision-making. The paper begins with a discussion of the nature and causes of uncertainty in environmental research. A review of current treatments of uncertainty is followed by an analysis of the source-based approach to assessing uncertainty. Prospects for the open treatment of uncertainty are then discussed in terms of circumventing the three 'myths of uncertainty' that characterize recent work in environmental research.
C1 [Brown, James D.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Brown, James D.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Brown, JD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, 1325 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM james.d.brown@noaa.gov
NR 204
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 25
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1333
EI 1477-0296
J9 PROG PHYS GEOG
JI Prog. Phys. Geogr.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 1
BP 75
EP 100
DI 10.1177/0309133309357000
PG 26
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 547GP
UT WOS:000273875000005
ER
PT J
AU Hudson, LT
Seely, JF
AF Hudson, L. T.
Seely, J. F.
TI Laser-produced X-ray sources
SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Forum on Future Directions in Atomic and Condensed Matter
Research and Applications
CY SEP 22-23, 2008
CL Parkville, AUSTRALIA
DE Strong-field science; High-energy-density physics; X-ray metrology;
Laser-produced plasmas; X-ray diagnostics; X-ray lasers; Laser-wake
field; Inverse Compton; High-harmonic generation
ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; CRYSTAL SPECTROMETER; HARMONIC-GENERATION; INTENSE;
ACCELERATION; INJECTION; PULSES; IGNITION; FIELD; SPECTROSCOPY
AB A formidable array of advanced laser systems are emerging that produce extreme states of light and matter. By irradiating solid and gaseous targets with lasers of increasing energy densities, new physical regimes of radiation effects are being explored for the first time in controlled laboratory settings. One result that is being accomplished or pursued using a variety of techniques, is the realization of novel sources of X-rays with unprecedented characteristics and light-matter interactions, the mechanisms of which are in many cases still being elucidated. Examples include the megajoule class of laser-produced plasmas designed in pursuit of alternative-energy and security applications and the petawatt class of lasers used for fast ignition and X-ray radiographic applications such as medical imaging and real-time imaging of plasma hydrodynamics. As these technologies mature, increased emphasis will need to be placed on advanced instrumentation and diagnostic metrology to characterize the spectra, time structure, and absolute brightness of X-rays emitted by these unconventional sources. Such customized and absolutely calibrated measurement tools will serve as an enabling technology that can help in assessing the overall system performance and progress. as well as identification of the underlying interaction mechanisms of interest to basic and applied strong-field and high-energy-density science. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Hudson, L. T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Seely, J. F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Hudson, LT (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM larry.hudson@nist.gov
NR 50
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-806X
J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM
JI Radiat. Phys. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 2
BP 132
EP 138
DI 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.01.012
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic,
Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 532PY
UT WOS:000272763100004
ER
PT J
AU Chung, KH
Reitsma, MG
AF Chung, Koo-Hyun
Reitsma, Mark G.
TI Note: Lateral force microscope calibration using multiple location pivot
loading of rectangular cantilevers
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic force microscopy; calibration; cantilevers; friction; torque
measurement
ID TORSIONAL SPRING CONSTANT; FRICTION
AB This note outlines a calibration method for atomic force microscope friction measurement that uses the "pivot" method of [Bogdanovic , Colloids Surf. B 19, 397 (2000)] to generate optical lever sensitivities for known torque applied to rectangular cantilevers. We demonstrate the key calibration parameter to be a linear function of the position at which it is determined along the length of the cantilevers. In this way the optical lever system can be calibrated for cantilever torque by applying loads at locations along the length of a cantilever, away from the integrated tip, so that issues such as tip damage or interference can be avoided.
C1 [Chung, Koo-Hyun; Reitsma, Mark G.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chung, KH (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mark.reitsma@nist.gov
RI Chung, KooHyun/O-3042-2013
OI Chung, KooHyun/0000-0002-9092-6784
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 2
AR 026104
DI 10.1063/1.3276709
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 562DB
UT WOS:000275028400208
PM 20192521
ER
PT J
AU Talin, AA
Leonard, F
Katzenmeyer, AM
Swartzentruber, BS
Picraux, ST
Toimil-Molares, ME
Cederberg, JG
Wang, X
Hersee, SD
Rishinaramangalum, A
AF Talin, A. A.
Leonard, F.
Katzenmeyer, A. M.
Swartzentruber, B. S.
Picraux, S. T.
Toimil-Molares, M. E.
Cederberg, J. G.
Wang, X.
Hersee, S. D.
Rishinaramangalum, A.
TI Transport characterization in nanowires using an electrical nanoprobe
SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; GAN-NANOWIRES; INAS NANOWIRES; GROWTH;
HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSISTORS; MECHANISM; BATTERY; EPITAXY; DEVICES
AB Electrical transport in semiconductor nanowires is commonly measured in a field effect transistor configuration, with lithographically defined source, drain and in some cases, top gate electrodes. This approach is labor intensive, requires high-end fabrication equipment, exposes the nanowires to extensive processing chemistry and places practical limitations on minimum nanowire length. Here we describe an alternative, simple method for characterizing electrical transport in nanowires directly on the growth substrate, without any need for post growth processing. Our technique is based on contacting nanowires using a nano-manipulator probe retrofitted inside of a scanning electron microscope. Using this approach, we characterize electrical transport in GaN nanowires grown by catalyst-free selective epitaxy, as well as InAs and Ge nanowires grown by a Au-catalyzed vapor solid liquid technique. We find that in situations where contacts are not limiting carrier injection (GaN and InAs nanowires), electrical transport transitions from Ohmic conduction at low bias to space-charge-limited conduction at higher bias. Using this transition and a theory of space-charge-limited transport which accounts for the high aspect ratio nanowires, we extract the mobility and the free carrier concentration. For Ge nanowires, we find that the Au catalyst forms a Schottky contact resulting in rectifying current-voltage characteristics, which are strongly dependent on the nanowire diameter. This dependence arises due to an increase in depletion width at decreased nanowire diameter and carrier recombination at the nanowire surface.
C1 [Talin, A. A.; Toimil-Molares, M. E.] NIST, Ctr Nanosci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Leonard, F.; Katzenmeyer, A. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Swartzentruber, B. S.; Cederberg, J. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Picraux, S. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Wang, X.; Hersee, S. D.; Rishinaramangalum, A.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
RP Talin, AA (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanosci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM atalin@nist.gov; fleonar@sandia.gov
RI Toimil-Molares, Maria Eugenia/B-3199-2010; Toimil-Molares, Maria
Eugenia/C-5946-2015; Katzenmeyer, Aaron/F-7961-2014
OI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/0000-0002-5755-8537
FU United States Department of Energy [DEAC01-94-AL85000,
DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program
at Sandia; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EEC-0812056]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy
under contract no DEAC01-94-AL85000. Los Alamos National Laboratory is
operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department
of Energy under contract no DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was performed
in part at the U.S. Department of Energy, Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Sandia National
Laboratories, and supported in part by the Laboratory Directed Research
and Development program at Sandia. Part of this work was supported by
the National Science Foundation (NSF) SMART LIGHTING Center (#
EEC-0812056).
NR 41
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 4
U2 52
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1242
EI 1361-6641
J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH
JI Semicond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 2
SI SI
AR 024015
DI 10.1088/0268-1242/25/2/024015
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 546YU
UT WOS:000273852300016
ER
PT J
AU Erickson, RP
Pappas, DP
AF Erickson, R. P.
Pappas, D. P.
TI A model of magnetic impurities within the Josephson junction of a phase
qubit
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENCE; FIELD; MASER
AB We consider a superconducting phase qubit consisting of a monocrystalline sapphire Josephson junction with its symmetry axis perpendicular to the junction interfaces. Via the London gauge, we present a theoretical model of Fe(3+) magnetic impurities within the junction that describes the effect of a low concentration of such impurities on the operation of the qubit. Specifically, we derive an interaction Hamiltonian expressed in terms of angular momentum states of magnetic impurities and low-lying oscillator states of a current-biased phase qubit. We discuss the coupling between the qubit and impurities within the model near resonance. When the junction is biased at an optimal point for acting as a phase qubit, with a phase difference of pi/2 and impurity concentration no greater than 0.05%, we find only a slight decrease in the Q factor of less than 0.01%.
C1 [Erickson, R. P.; Pappas, D. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Erickson, RP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
FU US Government
FX We would like to thank Fabio da Silva, Danielle Braje, Clare Yu,
Matthias Steffen, and Ray Simmonds for helpful comments and suggestions
during the course of this research. This work was supported by the US
Government.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 2
AR 025026
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/23/2/025026
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 546JU
UT WOS:000273807900030
ER
PT J
AU Lu, XF
Hampshire, DP
AF Lu, Xi Feng
Hampshire, Damian P.
TI The field, temperature and strain dependence of the critical current
density of a powder-in-tube Nb3Sn superconducting strand
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NIOBIUM-TIN; SCALING LAW; MODEL COIL; WIRES;
CONDUCTORS; TAPES; TRANSITION; TESTS
AB We present critical current density (J(C)) data as a function of magnetic field, temperature (4.2 K <= T <= 14 K) and intrinsic strain (epsilon(I)) for a high performance powder-in-tube (PIT) Nb3Sn strand. Although the critical current density is very high, it is demonstrated that there is no stronger strain sensitivity than for Nb3Sn strands of other types and that the reversible strain window encompasses at least -0.60% < epsilon(I) < 0.25%. The n-value of the PIT Nb3Sn strand, derived from the electric field-current density (E-J) characteristics, is two or three times larger than those of strands made using other production processes. However, the normalized n-index as a function of intrinsic strain still shows a similar behaviour to those for other strands. The relation between the n-index and the critical current is described by the empirical power law of the form n = 1 + rI(C)(s), where r and s are approximately 3 and 0.5 respectively. We conclude that the increase in J(C) and the n-value for PIT strands is achieved while maintaining good tolerance to strain.
C1 [Lu, Xi Feng; Hampshire, Damian P.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Superconduct Grp, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Lu, XF (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
EM xifeng.lu@nist.gov; d.p.hampshire@durham.ac.uk
RI Lu, Xifeng/D-9582-2011;
OI Hampshire, Damian/0000-0001-8552-8514
NR 55
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 2
AR 025002
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/23/2/025002
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 546JU
UT WOS:000273807900006
ER
PT J
AU Ramonet, M
Ciais, P
Aalto, T
Aulagnier, C
Chevallier, F
Cipriano, D
Conway, TJ
Haszpra, L
Kazan, V
Meinhardt, F
Paris, JD
Schmidt, M
Simmonds, P
Xueref-Remy, I
Necki, JN
AF Ramonet, Michel
Ciais, Philippe
Aalto, Tuula
Aulagnier, Celine
Chevallier, Frederic
Cipriano, Domenico
Conway, Thomas J.
Haszpra, Laszlo
Kazan, Victor
Meinhardt, Frank
Paris, Jean-Daniel
Schmidt, Martina
Simmonds, Peter
Xueref-Remy, Irene
Necki, Jaroslaw N.
TI A recent build-up of atmospheric CO2 over Europe. Part 1: observed
signals and possible explanations
SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; TRANSPORT MODELS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SIMULATION; METHANE;
SENSITIVITY; EMISSIONS; FINLAND; STATION; FLUXES
AB We analysed interannual and decadal changes in the atmospheric CO2 concentration gradient (delta CO2) between Europe and the Atlantic Ocean over the period 1995-2007. Fourteen measurement stations are used, with Mace-Head being used to define background conditions. The variability of delta CO2 reflects fossil fuel emissions and natural sinks activity over Europe, as well as atmospheric transport variability. The mean delta CO2 increased by 1-2 ppm at Eastern European stations (similar to 30% growth), between 1990-1995 and 2000-2005. This built up of CO2 over the continent is predominantly a winter signal. If the observed increase of delta CO2 is explained by changes in ecosystem fluxes, a loss of about 0.46 Pg C per year would be required during 2000-2005. Even if severe droughts have impacted Western Europe in 2003 and 2005, a sustained CO2 loss of that magnitude is unlikely to be true. We sought alternative explanations for the observed CO2 build-up into transport changes and into regional redistribution of fossil fuel CO2 emissions. Boundary layer heights becoming shallower can only explain 32% of the variance of the signal. Regional changes of emissions may explain up to 27% of the build-up. More insights are given in the Aulagnier et al. companion paper.
C1 [Ramonet, Michel; Ciais, Philippe; Aulagnier, Celine; Chevallier, Frederic; Kazan, Victor; Paris, Jean-Daniel; Schmidt, Martina; Xueref-Remy, Irene] UVSQ, CNRS, CEA, IPSL,LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Haszpra, Laszlo] Hungarian Meteorol Serv, H-1675 Budapest, Hungary.
[Meinhardt, Frank] Umweltbundesamt, D-79196 Kirchzarten, Germany.
[Aalto, Tuula] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Helsinki 00880, Finland.
[Cipriano, Domenico] Ctr Elettrotecn Sperimentale Italiano, I-20134 Milan, Italy.
[Conway, Thomas J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Simmonds, Peter] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Necki, Jaroslaw N.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland.
RP Ramonet, M (reprint author), UVSQ, CNRS, CEA, IPSL,LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
EM michel.ramonet@lsce.ipsl.fr
RI Aalto, Tuula/P-6183-2014; Chevallier, Frederic/E-9608-2016
OI Aalto, Tuula/0000-0002-3264-7947; Chevallier,
Frederic/0000-0002-4327-3813
FU EU
FX This work has been done within the framework of the EU project
CARBOEUROPE-IP. The authors acknowledge the OPGC/LaMP technical staff
for the operations at Puy de Dome, to Gerry Spain for the maintenance of
the CO2 analyser at Mace Head, and more generally to all the
people working at the monitoring stations to provide the long term high
precision measurements. Many thanks to Anton Beljaars for his advice on
the ECMWF data.
NR 42
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 7
PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING
PI JARFALLA
PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN
SN 0280-6509
J9 TELLUS B
JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 62
IS 1
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2009.00442.x
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 542FM
UT WOS:000273478400001
ER
PT J
AU Tripodi, AD
Sievering, H
AF Tripodi, A. D.
Sievering, H.
TI The photosynthetic response of a high-altitude spruce forest to nitrogen
amendments with implications for gross primary productivity
SO TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC N DEPOSITION; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CARBON
SEQUESTRATION; CONIFER FOREST; NIWOT RIDGE; BOREAL FOREST; CANOPY
UPTAKE; GAS-EXCHANGE; ELEVATED CO2; AMINO-ACIDS
AB Characterizing the capacity of the terrestrial biome to absorb CO(2) is one of the most pressing topics in climate science. One of the key players in this arena is also one of the most poorly understood: the role of nitrogen deposition. While N deposition seems to fertilize some forests, in others it has been blamed for forest decline and tree mortality. In order to further understand the role of N deposition in forest primary productivity, an in situ N-amendment study was conducted in a relatively high N deposition region of the CO Rocky Mountains over 3 yr.
Chlorophyll fluorometry is a non-invasive technique that allows for the characterization of photosynthetic efficiency and photoinhibition in plants. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorometry data showed that in this tree line forest, moderate amounts of additional N significantly lower the photosynthetic efficiency of individual branches when compared to control branches, while significantly improving the non-photochemical dissipation of excess absorbed energy. This suggests that in high-altitude spruce forests receiving relatively high N inputs, GPP may be impaired by continued chronic additions of N. One potential cause of this is an increase in the light harvesting capacity of N amended branches without a concurrent increase in photosynthesis.
C1 [Sievering, H.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Tripodi, A. D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
[Sievering, H.] Univ Colorado, Long Term Ecol Res Program, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Sievering, H (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Herman.Sievering@colorado.edu
RI Tripodi, Amber/A-2655-2017
OI Tripodi, Amber/0000-0001-7368-6638
FU NSF; Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research [DEB-0423662]; University
of Colorado Mountain Research Station
FX Logistical support and supplemental data were provided by the NSF
supported Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research project
(#DEB-0423662) and the University of Colorado Mountain Research Station.
Additional assistance was provided by Casey Flynn, Anobha Gurung,
Christine Seibold, Tim Tomaszewski and Mark Williams.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0280-6509
J9 TELLUS B
JI Tellus Ser. B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 62
IS 1
BP 59
EP 68
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2009.00447.x
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 542FM
UT WOS:000273478400005
ER
PT J
AU Mehra, A
Rivin, I
AF Mehra, Avichal
Rivin, Ilya
TI A Real Time Ocean Forecast System for the North Atlantic Ocean
SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ocean modeling; Operational oceanography; Hybrid models
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; OPEN BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; GULF-STREAM; MEAN
CIRCULATION; COASTAL CURRENT; WATER MASSES; FRESH-WATER; BAFFIN-BAY;
FLOW-FIELD; TRANSPORT
AB The Real Time Ocean Forecast System (RTOFS) for the North Atlantic is an ocean forecast system based on the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). HYCOM is the result of a collaborative effort between the University of Miami, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), as part of a multi-institutional HYCOM Consortium for Data-Assimilative Ocean Modeling funded by the National Ocean Partnership Program (NOPP) to develop and evaluate a data-assimilative hybrid isopycnal-sigma-pressure (generalized) coordinate ocean model. This paper describes the RTOFS-Atlantic, an operational real time ocean nowcast/forecast system for the North Atlantic running daily at National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP).
C1 [Mehra, Avichal] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Rivin, Ilya] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Mehra, A (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM Avichal.Mehra@noaa.gov
NR 51
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 6
PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION
PI TAIPEI
PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 1017-0839
J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI
JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 1
SI SI
BP 211
EP 228
DI 10.3319/TAO.2009.04.16.01(IWNOP)
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 575MS
UT WOS:000276071800015
ER
PT J
AU Bottein, MYD
Fuquay, JM
Munday, R
Selwood, AI
van Ginkel, R
Miles, CO
Loader, JI
Wilkins, AL
Ramsdell, JS
AF Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui
Fuquay, Jennifer Maucher
Munday, Rex
Selwood, Andrew I.
van Ginkel, Roel
Miles, Christopher O.
Loader, Jared I.
Wilkins, Alistair L.
Ramsdell, John S.
TI Bioassay methods for detection of N-palmitoylbrevetoxin-B2 (BTX-B4)
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Brevetoxin; BTX-B2; N-palmitoylbrevetoxin-B2 (BTX-B4); Bioassay;
Metabolism; Fatty acid conjugate; Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
ID OYSTER CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; RED-TIDE DINOFLAGELLATE; SENSITIVE
SODIUM-CHANNELS; PTYCHODISCUS-BREVIS; NEW-ZEALAND; BREVETOXIN
METABOLISM; CONTROLLED EXPOSURES; GREENSHELL MUSSELS; KARENIA-BREVIS;
GYMNODINIUM
AB Brevetoxins (BTXs) are a class of cyclic polyether toxins produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. These substances are subject to extensive conjugative metabolism in shellfish. BTX-B forms a conjugate with cysteine and is oxidized and reduced to yield BTXB2, which is further modified by fatty acid addition via cysteine amide linkage to give biologically active brevetoxin metabolites. In this study, we evaluated the commonly used in vitro (ELISA, radioimmunoassay, receptor binding assay and N2A cytotoxicity assay) and in vivo mouse brevetoxin bioassays for the detection of the brevetoxin fatty acid conjugate N-palmitoylBTX-B2, and compared the results to those for dihydroBTX-B and BTX-B2. The receptor binding assay for N-palmitoylBTX-B2 showed comparable sensitivity to that for dihydroBTX-B, and an 11-fold higher sensitivity than for BTX-B2. Although the ELISA showed similarly high sensitivity to dihydroBTX-B and BTX-B2, with EC(50) values of ca. 0.26 ng/ml, it was 23 times less sensitive to N-palmitoylBTX-B2. On the other hand, the N2A cytotoxicity assay was highly sensitive to N-palmitoylBTX-B2, with an EC(50) of 0.15 ng/ml, but was 12- and 40-fold less sensitive to dihydroBTX-B and BTX-B2, respectively. The relative sensitivity of the N2A cytotoxicity assay for each of these metabolites paralleled that of the mouse bioassay (relative LD(50) values 1:20:30 for N-palmitoylBTX-B2:dihydroBTX-B:BTX-B2). We conclude that the most sensitive bioassay for dihydroBTX-B and BTX-B2 is the ELISA, whereas the N2A cytotoxicity assay is most sensitive for N-palmitoylBTX-B2. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui; Fuquay, Jennifer Maucher; Ramsdell, John S.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Munday, Rex; Miles, Christopher O.; Loader, Jared I.] Ruakura Agr Res Ctr, Hamilton, New Zealand.
[Selwood, Andrew I.; van Ginkel, Roel] Cawthron Inst, Nelson, New Zealand.
[Miles, Christopher O.; Wilkins, Alistair L.] Natl Vet Inst, N-0106 Oslo, Norway.
[Wilkins, Alistair L.] Univ Waikato, Dept Chem, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
RP Ramsdell, JS (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM john.ramsdell@noaa.gov
FU New Zealand Foundation [AGRX0402]; Marie Curie International Incoming
Fellowship [FP7/2007-2013, 221117]
FX We thank M. Poli (U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious
Diseases, FT Detrick. Washington D.C) for supplying anti-BTX antibodies,
P. Gread (University of Waikato Spectrometry Facility) for obtaining
HR-MS spectra, and A.D. Hawkes (AgResearch) for accurate weighing of the
products. This work was supported in part by a New Zealand Foundation
for Science and Technology Post-doctoral Fellowship (Contract AGRX0402)
(to J.I.L.) and a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within
the 7th European Community Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under
grant agreement No. 221117 (to C.O.M.).
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 2-3
BP 497
EP 506
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.09.022
PG 10
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 556GU
UT WOS:000274579100040
PM 19819250
ER
PT J
AU Thessen, AE
Soniat, TM
Dortch, Q
Doucette, GJ
AF Thessen, A. E.
Soniat, T. M.
Dortch, Q.
Doucette, G. J.
TI Crassostrea virginica grazing on toxic and non-toxic diatoms
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Crassostrea virginica; Eastern oyster; Pseudo-nitzschia; ASP; Diatom;
Bivalve; Domoic acid; Grazing
ID NITZSCHIA SPECIES BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; DOMOIC ACID UPTAKE;
PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA; SEA LIONS; PHYTOPLANKTON; INGESTION; SHELLFISH; GIGAS;
ACCUMULATION; FILTRATION
AB Despite high abundances of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. over Louisiana oyster beds (Crassostrea virginica: eastern oyster) there have been no documented cases of amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) in the state. Two possible explanations are that oysters do not readily feed on long pointed chains of Pseudo-nitzschia cells or they discriminate against toxic cells while grazing. To test these hypotheses, short-term grazing experiments were conducted with several diatoms, including the domoic acid (DA)-producing Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries (1.31 +/- 0.057 pg DA cell(-1)) and the non-toxic Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Thalassiosira weissflogii, and Ditylum brightwellii. Grazing rates on the small centric species T weissflogii were significantly higher than on the larger and pointier D. brightwellii and either Pseudo-nitzschia species. Grazing on toxic P multiseries and non-toxic R delicatissima was not significantly different. Pseudofeces production was higher and feces production was occasionally lower in oysters fed Pseudo-nitzschia spp. than in oysters fed the other two diatoms. Our data demonstrate lower filtration rates of C. virginica on Pseudo-nitzschia spp. relative to the other diatoms tested and comparable filtration on toxic and non-toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. These findings suggest that eastern oysters do not discriminate amongst food types due to DA content. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Thessen, A. E.; Dortch, Q.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Cocodrie, LA 70344 USA.
[Soniat, T. M.] Nicholls State Univ, Dept Biol, Thibodaux, LA 70310 USA.
[Doucette, G. J.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Thessen, AE (reprint author), Marine Biol Lab, 7 MBL St, Woods Hole, MA 02556 USA.
EM athessen@mbl.edu
RI Doucette, Gregory/M-3283-2013;
OI Thessen, Anne/0000-0002-2908-3327
FU Louisiana Sea [R108624]
FX We thank M. Voison of Motivatit Seafood for supplying some of the
oysters used in this study. Samples for DA analysis were extracted by L
Davidson and we gratefully acknowledge the expertise of Z. Wang for
performing LC-MS/MS measurements. We appreciate the helpful advice of S.
Shumway (University of Connecticut), G. Wikfors (Milford Aquaculture
Lab, NOAA) and R. Romaire (LSU). E. Voisin, D. Chauvin, W. Morrison and
K. Kemper helped with sample collection. R. Newell contributed valuable
comments and advice. The text was greatly improved by the comments of an
anonymous reviewer. The research was funded by Louisiana Sea Grant
R108624.
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD FEB-MAR
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 2-3
BP 570
EP 579
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.10.011
PG 10
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 556GU
UT WOS:000274579100049
PM 19835902
ER
PT J
AU Chung, SH
Pierce, DT
Unguris, J
AF Chung, S. -H.
Pierce, D. T.
Unguris, J.
TI Simultaneous measurement of magnetic vortex polarity and chirality using
scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis (SEMPA)
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetic vortex; Magnetic vortex core; Scanning electron microscopy with
polarization analysis (SEMPA); Micromagnetic simulation (OOMMF)
AB The magnetic vortex structure is an equilibrium configuration frequently found in patterned magnetic nanostructures. It is characterized by an in-plane curling of the magnetization with clockwise or anticlockwise chirality and by an out-of-plane vortex core that can have a positive or negative polarity. The small size of the vortex core, on the order of 10 nm, makes it technologically interesting due to potential data storage, but also difficult to measure or image directly. In this work, we used Scanning Electron Microscopy with Polarization Analysis (SEMPA) to directly image magnetic vortex cores in patterned NiFe/Ta bilayer structures. With SEMPA we can simultaneously measure the in-plane and the out-of-plane component of the surface magnetization and thereby determine both the vortex chirality and the vortex core polarity in a single measurement. Our magnetic simulation of the vortex core, considering only the exchange and magnetostatic energy, is in good agreement with the SEMPA measurement of the magnetization when other experimental factors are taken into account. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Chung, S. -H.; Pierce, D. T.; Unguris, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chung, S. -H.] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Unguris, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.unguris@nist.gov
RI Unguris, John/J-3989-2014
FU NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter Cooperative Agreement
FX This work has been supported in part by the NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter
Cooperative Agreement.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 110
IS 3
BP 177
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2009.11.002
PG 5
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 569RB
UT WOS:000275615500001
PM 19962242
ER
PT J
AU Lack, SA
Limpert, GL
Fox, NI
AF Lack, Steven A.
Limpert, George L.
Fox, Neil I.
TI An Object-Oriented Multiscale Verification Scheme
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
AB Object-oriented verification methodology is becoming more and more common in the evaluation of model performance on high-resolution grids. The research herein describes an advanced version of an object-oriented approach that involves a combination of object identification on multiple scales with Procrustes shape analysis techniques. The multiscale object identification technique relies heavily on a novel Fourier transform approach to associate the signals within convection to different spatial scales. Other features of this new verification scheme include using a weighted cost function that can be user defined for object matching using different criteria, delineating objects that are more linear in character from those that are more cellular, and tagging object matches as hits, misses, or false alarms. Although the scheme contains a multiscale approach for identifying convective objects, standard minimum intensity and minimum size thresholds can be set when desirable. The method was tested as part of a spatial verification intercomparison experiment utilizing a combination of synthetic data and real cases from the Storm Prediction Center (SPC)/NSSL Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model Spring Program 2005. The resulting metrics, including error measures from differences in matched objects due to displacement, dilation, rotation, and intensity, from these cases run through this new, robust verification scheme are shown.
C1 [Lack, Steven A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lack, Steven A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Limpert, George L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geosci, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Fox, Neil I.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
RP Lack, SA (reprint author), 325 Broadway,R-GSD5, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM steven.a.lack@noaa.gov
OI Fox, Neil/0000-0002-6994-155X
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0434213]
FX This research was made possible by National Science Foundation Grant
ATM-0434213. George Limpert was funded by the USDA-ARS. The authors
thank Sean Madine for helpful comments.
NR 9
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
BP 79
EP 92
DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222245.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566IG
UT WOS:000275362700006
ER
PT J
AU Brotzge, J
Erickson, S
AF Brotzge, J.
Erickson, S.
TI Tornadoes without NWS Warning
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID STORMS-FORECAST-CENTER; UNITED-STATES; WSR-88D RADAR; LEAD TIMES;
ENVIRONMENTS; NETWORK; FUTURE; TRENDS
AB During a 5-yr period of study from 2000 to 2004, slightly more than 26% of all reported tornadoes across the United States occurred without an NWS warning being issued. This study examines some of the reasons behind why no warnings were issued with these tornadoes, and what climatological, storm classification, and sociological factors may have played a role in the lack of warnings. This dataset of tornado records was sorted by F scale, geographically by region and weather forecast office (WFO), hour of the day, month of the year, tornado pathlength, tornado-to-radar distance, county population density, and number of tornadoes by day and order of occurrence.
Results show that the tornadoes most likely to strike when the public is least likely to be aware were also those tornadoes with the greatest chance of not being warned. Singular tornado events (one tornado report per day within a WFO county warning area) and the first tornado report of the day were the most difficult scenarios on which to warn, with over half of all solitary tornado events not warned. Geographic areas that experienced a significant proportion of weak, solitary, and/or nocturnal tornadoes had a much higher ratio of missed warnings. In general, the stronger the tornado, as estimated from its F-scale rating and/or track length, the greater chance it was warned. However, the tornado distance from radar had a significant impact on tornado warning statistics. In addition, many weak tornadoes were not warned, and the overall ratio of missed tornado warnings to reported tornadoes actually increased over more densely populated regions, likely due to more complete postevent verification.
C1 [Brotzge, J.] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Erickson, S.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Brotzge, J (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Ste 2500, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jbrotzge@ou.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0313747]
FX We thank Brent Macaloney at NWS Headquarters for supplying us with the
tornado record data used in this study, Drs. Michael Richman and Larry
Toothaker for their statistical expertise, and Christopher Anderson and
Roger Edwards for their thorough reviews. This work is supported by the
Engineering Research Centers Program of the National Science Foundation
under NSF Award 0313747. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect those of the National Science Foundation.
NR 27
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
BP 159
EP 172
DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222270.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566IG
UT WOS:000275362700010
ER
PT J
AU Brotzge, J
Hondl, K
Philips, B
Lemon, L
Bass, EJ
Rude, D
Andra, DL
AF Brotzge, J.
Hondl, K.
Philips, B.
Lemon, L.
Bass, E. J.
Rude, D.
Andra, D. L., Jr.
TI Evaluation of Distributed Collaborative Adaptive Sensing for Detection
of Low-Level Circulations and Implications for Severe Weather Warning
Operations
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
AB The Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) is a multiyear engineering research center established by the National Science Foundation for the development of small, inexpensive, low-power radars designed to improve the scanning of the lowest levels (< 3 km AGL) of the atmosphere. Instead of sensing autonomously, CASA radars are designed to operate as a network, collectively adapting to the changing needs of end users and the environment; this network approach to scanning is known as distributed collaborative adaptive sensing (DCAS). DCAS optimizes the low-level volume coverage scanning and maximizes the utility of each scanning cycle. A test bed of four prototype CASA radars was deployed in southwestern Oklahoma in 2006 and operated continuously while in DCAS mode from March through June of 2007.
This paper analyzes three convective events observed during April-May 2007, during CASA's intense operation period (IOP), with a special focus on evaluating the benefits and weaknesses of CASA radar system deployment and DCAS scanning strategy of detecting and tracking low-level circulations. Data collected from nearby Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) and CASA radars are compared for mesoscyclones, misocyclones, and low-level vortices. Initial results indicate that the dense, overlapping coverage at low levels provided by the CASA radars and the high temporal (60 s) resolution provided by DCAS give forecasters more detailed feature continuity and tracking. Moreover, the CASA system is able to resolve a whole class of circulations-misocyclones-far better than the WSR-88Ds. In fact, many of these are probably missed completely by the WSR-88D. The impacts of this increased detail on severe weather warnings are under investigation. Ongoing efforts include enhancing the DCAS data quality and scanning strategy, improving the DCAS data visualization, and developing a robust infrastructure to better support forecast and warning operations.
C1 [Brotzge, J.] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hondl, K.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Philips, B.] Univ Massachusetts, Coll Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Lemon, L.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Bass, E. J.; Rude, D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Syst & Informat Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Andra, D. L., Jr.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Brotzge, J (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Ste 2500, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jbrotzge@ou.edu
RI Rude, Don/B-2386-2008
OI Rude, Don/0000-0001-8194-0405
FU Engineering Research Centers Program of the National Science Foundation
[EEC-0313747]
FX This work was supported by the Engineering Research Centers Program of
the National Science Foundation under NSF Cooperative Agreement
EEC-0313747. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect those of the National Science Foundation. We also
thank three anonymous reviewers for their careful reviews and valuable
feedback, which greatly improved the quality of this manuscript.
NR 23
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
BP 173
EP 189
DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222233.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566IG
UT WOS:000275362700011
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, J
DeMaria, M
Knaff, JA
AF Kaplan, John
DeMaria, Mark
Knaff, John A.
TI A Revised Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification Index for the Atlantic
and Eastern North Pacific Basins
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CONVECTIVE VERTICAL MOTIONS; HURRICANE-OPAL
1995; SAHARAN AIR LAYER; GULF-OF-MEXICO; INTENSITY FORECASTS;
INNER-CORE; PART II; BUOYANCY; SYSTEM
AB A revised rapid intensity index (RII) is developed for the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific basins. The RII uses large-scale predictors from the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) to estimate the probability of rapid intensification (RI) over the succeeding 24 h utilizing linear discriminant analysis. Separate versions of the RII are developed for the 25-, 30-, and 35-kt RI thresholds, which represent the 90th (88th), 94th (92nd), and 97th (94th) percentiles of 24-h overwater intensity changes of tropical and subtropical cyclones in the Atlantic (eastern North Pacific) basins from 1989 to 2006, respectively. The revised RII became operational at the NHC prior to the 2008 hurricane season.
The relative importance of the individual RI predictors is shown to differ between the two basins. Specifically, the previous 12-h intensity change, upper-level divergence, and vertical shear have the highest weights for the Atlantic basin, while the previous 12-h intensity change, symmetry of inner-core convection, and the difference in a system's current and maximum potential intensity are weighted highest in the eastern North Pacific basin.
A verification of independent forecasts from the 2006 and 2007 hurricane seasons shows that the probabilistic RII forecasts are generally skillful in both basins when compared to climatology. Moreover, when employed in a deterministic manner, the RII forecasts were superior to all other available operational intensity guidance in terms of the probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR). Specifically, the POD for the RII ranged from 15% to 59% (53% to 73%) while the FAR ranged from 71% to 85% (53% to 79%) in the Atlantic (eastern North Pacific) basins, respectively, for the three RI thresholds studied. Nevertheless, the modest POD and relatively high FAR of the RII and other intensity guidance demonstrate the difficulty of predicting RI, particularly in the Atlantic basin.
C1 [Kaplan, John] NOAA, AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[DeMaria, Mark; Knaff, John A.] NOAA, NESDIS, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Team, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Kaplan, J (reprint author), NOAA, AOML, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM john.kaplan@noaa.gov
RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010; Kaplan,
John/A-8709-2014
OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409; Kaplan, John/0000-0002-7253-3039
FU NOAA Joint Hurricane Testbed (JHT)
FX We wish to thank Paul Leighton of HRD and Nicholas Carrasco (University
of Miami-HRD) for their valuable assistance in writing the computer code
that was used to verify the deterministic RI forecasts and the TPC/NHC
hurricane specialists for their helpful feedback and suggestions during
the course of this study. Robert DeMaria of Colorado State University
wrote the code to plot the tracks of the RI cases. This manuscript was
greatly improved by the helpful suggestions of Dr. Frank Marks and Jason
Dunion of HRD, as well as the thoughtful reviews of Michael Split and
two anonymous reviewers. This research was supported, in part, by grants
from the NOAA Joint Hurricane Testbed (JHT). The views, opinions, and
findings in this report are those of the authors and should not be
construed as an official NOAA or U. S. government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 37
TC 109
Z9 113
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
BP 220
EP 241
DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222280.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566IG
UT WOS:000275362700014
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, CS
Kain, JS
Weiss, SJ
Xue, M
Bright, DR
Kong, FY
Thomas, KW
Levit, JJ
Coniglio, MC
Wandishin, MS
AF Schwartz, Craig S.
Kain, John S.
Weiss, Steven J.
Xue, Ming
Bright, David R.
Kong, Fanyou
Thomas, Kevin W.
Levit, Jason J.
Coniglio, Michael C.
Wandishin, Matthew S.
TI Toward Improved Convection-Allowing Ensembles: Model Physics
Sensitivities and Optimizing Probabilistic Guidance with Small Ensemble
Membership
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; WRF MODEL; RAINFALL; SKILL; VERIFICATION;
SIMULATION; RESOLUTION; MESOSCALE; SYSTEM; NWP
AB During the 2007 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Experiment, the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) at the University of Oklahoma produced a daily 10-member 4-km horizontal resolution ensemble forecast covering approximately three-fourths of the continental United States. Each member used the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model core, which was initialized at 2100 UTC, ran for 33 h, and resolved convection explicitly. Different initial condition (IC), lateral boundary condition (LBC), and physics perturbations were introduced in 4 of the 10 ensemble members, while the remaining 6 members used identical ICs and LBCs, differing only in terms of microphysics (MP) and planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterizations. This study focuses on precipitation forecasts from the ensemble.
The ensemble forecasts reveal WRF-ARW sensitivity to MP and PBL schemes. For example, over the 7-week experiment, the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic PBL and Ferrier MP parameterizations were associated with relatively high precipitation totals, while members configured with the Thompson MP or Yonsei University PBL scheme produced comparatively less precipitation. Additionally, different approaches for generating probabilistic ensemble guidance are explored. Specifically, a ``neighborhood'' approach is described and shown to considerably enhance the skill of probabilistic forecasts for precipitation when combined with a traditional technique of producing ensemble probability fields.
C1 [Schwartz, Craig S.; Xue, Ming; Wandishin, Matthew S.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kain, John S.; Coniglio, Michael C.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Weiss, Steven J.; Bright, David R.; Levit, Jason J.] NOAA, NWS, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Xue, Ming; Kong, Fanyou; Thomas, Kevin W.] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Wandishin, Matthew S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Schwartz, CS (reprint author), NCAR, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM schwartz@ucar.edu
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU National Science Foundation
FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the
National Science Foundation.
NR 54
TC 82
Z9 84
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
BP 263
EP 280
DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222267.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566IG
UT WOS:000275362700016
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, BB
Du, J
AF Zhou, Binbin
Du, Jun
TI Fog Prediction from a Multimodel Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; SOUTHWEST UNITED-STATES; RADIATION
FOG; LOW CLOUDS; SEA FOG; MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; VERIFICATION; SKILL;
SIMULATION
AB A new multivariable-based diagnostic fog-forecasting method has been developed at NCEP. The selection of these variables, their thresholds, and the influences on fog forecasting are discussed. With the inclusion of the algorithm in the model postprocessor, the fog forecast can now be provided centrally as direct NWP model guidance. The method can be easily adapted to other NWP models. Currently, knowledge of how well fog forecasts based on operational NWP models perform is lacking. To verify the new method and assess fog forecast skill, as well as to account for forecast uncertainty, this fog-forecasting algorithm is applied to a multimodel-based Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System (MEPS). MEPS consists of 10 members using two regional models [the NCEP Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (NMM) version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the NCAR Advanced Research version of WRF (ARW)] with 15-km horizontal resolution. Each model has five members (one control and four perturbed members) using the breeding technique to perturb the initial conditions and was run once per day out to 36 h over eastern China for seven months (February-September 2008). Both deterministic and probabilistic forecasts were produced based on individual members, a one-model ensemble, and two-model ensembles. A case study and statistical verification, using both deterministic and probabilistic measuring scores, were performed against fog observations from 13 cities in eastern China. The verification was focused on the 12-and 36-h forecasts.
By applying the various approaches, including the new fog detection scheme, ensemble technique, multi-model approach, and the increase in ensemble size, the fog forecast accuracy was steadily and dramatically improved in each of the approaches: from basically no skill at all [equitable threat score (ETS) = 0.063] to a skill level equivalent to that of warm-season precipitation forecasts of the current NWP models (0.334). Specifically, 1) the multivariable-based fog diagnostic method has a much higher detection capability than the liquid water content (LWC)-only based approach. Reasons why the multivariable approach works better than the LWC-only method were also illustrated. 2) The ensemble-based forecasts are, in general, superior to a single control forecast measured both deterministically and probabilistically. The case study also demonstrates that the ensemble approach could provide more societal value than a single forecast to end users, especially for low-probability significant events like fog. Deterministically, a forecast close to the ensemble median is particularly helpful. 3) The reliability of probabilistic forecasts can be effectively improved by using a multimodel ensemble instead of a single-model ensemble. For a small ensemble such as the one in this study, the increase in ensemble size is also important in improving probabilistic forecasts, although this effect is expected to decrease with the increase in ensemble size.
C1 [Zhou, Binbin; Du, Jun] NOAA, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Zhou, Binbin] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Zhou, BB (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM binbin.zhou@noaa.gov
NR 74
TC 27
Z9 41
U1 4
U2 17
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 1
BP 303
EP 322
DI 10.1175/2009WAF2222289.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 566IG
UT WOS:000275362700019
ER
PT J
AU Gonser, MJ
Lippold, JC
Dickinson, DW
Sowards, JW
Ramirez, AJ
AF Gonser, M. J.
Lippold, J. C.
Dickinson, D. W.
Sowards, J. W.
Ramirez, A. J.
TI Characterization of Welding Fume Generated by High-Mn Consumables
SO WELDING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hardfacing Consumable; High-Mn Electrodes; Welding Fume; Fume
Generation; FCAW; SMAW
AB The welding fume generated by two
high-Mn hardfacing welding electrodes
was evaluated using a range of fume
collection and characterization techniques.This study included a shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) electrode and a flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) electrode both manufactured by Lincoln Electric Co. Data collected previously using an E6010 SMAW electrode were used for comparison. The fume generation rates under nominal welding conditions were relatively high, averaging 0.84 and 3.1 g/min for the SMAW and FCAW electrodes, respectively. Fume particle size and mass distribution were determined using an electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI). This technique showed that the largest number fraction of fume particles for both electrodes was in the fine (0.1-2.5 mu m) and ultrafine (< 0.1 mu m) particle size regimes, while the largest mass fraction
of fume particles was in the fine regime.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis
of bulk fume particles identified
strong peaks for Fe3O4, MnFe2O4, and
FeMn2O4 in the SMAW fume, while strong peaks for Fe3O4, MnFe2O4, and
smaller peaks for CaF2 and NaF were
identified in the FCAW fume. Morphologically, the fume particles were typically spherical, present either as individual particles or multiparticle agglomerates.
The SMAW fume particles contained high levels of Fe and Mn and suggested that Mn substitutes for Fe in the Fe3O4 lattice, resulting in Mn : Fe3O4 (Mn doped magnetite)having the same crystal structure as magnetite. Analysis of individual fume particles and agglomerates using X-ray nergydispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the
SMAW fume contained Fe, Mn, Mg, Si,
Na, F, and O. The only phase that was
unequivocally identified by selected
area diffraction (SAD) in the TEM was
Mn : Fe3O4. Agglomerates consisting of many small particles (10 to 30 nm) analyzed
by SAD were shown to have an
Fe-rich Mn : Fe3O4 crystal structure. TEM analysis of the FCAW fume revealed two basic types of fume particles. Most of the particles were roughly spherical with diameters ranging from 100 to 200 nm, while some were in the form of agglomerates of very small particles (Fe3O4) with diameters from 10 to 50 nm. SAD was used to identify individual square particles (equivalent to 150 nm) as
Mn : Fe3O4. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS) was used to analyze the
fume particle surface chemistry and
generate compositional depth profiles
by a sputter etching technique. These
results showed an increase in Fe and
Mn concentration upon etching, suggesting that a thin shell of different composition than the bulk particle is present on the particle surface.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Weld & Join Metall Grp, Columbus, OH USA.
Natl Inst Stand Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
Brazilian Synchrot Light Lab, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
RP Gonser, MJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Weld & Join Metall Grp, Columbus, OH USA.
EM gonser.7@osu.edu
RI Sowards, Jeffrey/D-3521-2012
OI Sowards, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0629-4938
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER WELDING SOC
PI MIAMI
PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA
SN 0043-2296
J9 WELD J
JI Weld. J.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 89
IS 2
BP S25
EP S33
PG 9
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 550XP
UT WOS:000274167600014
ER
PT J
AU Yoo, SJ
Cypher, D
Golmie, N
AF Yoo, Sang-Jo
Cypher, David
Golmie, Nada
TI Timely Effective Handover Mechanism in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
SO WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Seamless handover; Link triggers; Prediction; Heterogeneous wireless
networks
ID CHALLENGES
AB Next-generation wireless networks should be able to coordinate and integrate different communication systems. It has been a challenging problem to support a seamless handover in these diverse wireless network environments. Link level triggers can provide information about events which can help handover decision and layer 3 entities better streamline their handover related activities. In most conventional layer 2 triggering approaches, a pre-defined threshold for a specific perspective such as the received signal strength is used. This may cause too late or too early handover executions. In this paper we propose a new predictive handover framework that uses the neighbor network information to generate timely the link triggers so that the required handover procedures can appropriately finish before the current link goes down. First we estimate a required handover time for the given neighbor network conditions, then using a predictive link triggering mechanism the handover start time is dynamically determined to minimize handover costs. The handover costs are analyzed in terms of the total required handover time and the service disruption time. The numerical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed method significantly enhances the handover performance in heterogeneous wireless networks.
C1 [Yoo, Sang-Jo] Inha Univ, Inchon 402751, South Korea.
[Cypher, David; Golmie, Nada] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yoo, SJ (reprint author), Inha Univ, 253 Yonghyun Dong, Inchon 402751, South Korea.
EM sjyoo@inha.ac.kr; david.cypher@nist.gov; nada.golmie@nist.gov
FU NIST/Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES); MKE, Korea
FX This research was supported by the NIST/Office of Law Enforcement
Standards (OLES). This research was supported by the MKE, Korea, under
the ITRC support program supervised by IITA (IITA-2008-C1090-0801-0019).
NR 19
TC 14
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-6212
J9 WIRELESS PERS COMMUN
JI Wirel. Pers. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 3
BP 449
EP 475
DI 10.1007/s11277-008-9633-8
PG 27
WC Telecommunications
SC Telecommunications
GA 544RO
UT WOS:000273676900003
ER
PT J
AU Griffith, D
Rouil, R
Golmie, N
AF Griffith, David
Rouil, Richard
Golmie, Nada
TI Performance Metrics for IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH)
Signaling
SO WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Media Independent Handover (MIH); TCP; UDP; Handover latency; Signaling
overhead
ID MODEL
AB The IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH) working group is developing a set of mechanisms to facilitate migration of mobile users between access networks that use different link-layer technologies. Among these are mobility managers that create and process signaling messages to facilitate handovers. The MIH signaling architecture being developed in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) allows any transport layer protocol to carry MIH messages. The IETF has considered using the unreliable but lightweight transport available with the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as well as the reliable stream-oriented transport with congestion control offered by the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). In this paper we develop mathematical models that result in expressions for the characteristic function of the time required to complete exchanges of an arbitrary number of MIH signaling messages between a mobile node (MN) and a remote mobility manager (MM). Our models also provide expressions for the average amount of overhead associated with MIH message exchanges due to retransmissions either by the MIH signaling entities or by the transport-layer protocol. In addition, we provide simulation results that confirm the results from the mathematical model and illustrate the effect of varying transport parameters such as the TCP maximum retransmission timeout.
C1 [Griffith, David; Rouil, Richard; Golmie, Nada] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Adv Network Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Griffith, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Adv Network Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8920, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.griffith@nist.gov
FU Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES)
FX The authors would like to thank the members of the IETF MIPSHOP MIH
design team for many helpful discussions, especially Juan Carlos Zuniga
and Telemaco Melia. This work was supported in part by the Office of Law
Enforcement Standards (OLES).
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0929-6212
J9 WIRELESS PERS COMMUN
JI Wirel. Pers. Commun.
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 52
IS 3
BP 537
EP 567
DI 10.1007/s11277-008-9629-4
PG 31
WC Telecommunications
SC Telecommunications
GA 544RO
UT WOS:000273676900007
ER
PT J
AU Stafford, KM
Moore, SE
Stabeno, PJ
Holliday, DV
Napp, JM
Mellinger, DK
AF Stafford, Kathleen M.
Moore, Sue E.
Stabeno, Phyllis J.
Holliday, D. V.
Napp, Jeffrey M.
Mellinger, David K.
TI Biophysical ocean observation in the southeastern Bering Sea
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES; REQUIREMENTS; VARIABILITY; SHELF
AB Integrated ocean observation, from physical and atmospheric forcing mechanisms to the distribution and abundance of top-level predators, is critical to the investigation of marine ecosystems and the impact of climate change on them. We integrated data from a biophysical mooring in the southeast Bering Sea to create a one-year snapshot of ocean dynamics in this remote large marine ecosystem. Distinct patterns in production (chlorophyll), zooplankton biovolume (copepods and euphausiids) and the occurrence of zooplankton predators (fin and right whales) were defined and related to discrete features in the annual physical cycle. Peaks in prey and predator cycles were linked to spikes in fluorescence that occurred at the onset of water column stratification in late spring 2006 and the appearance of sea ice in late winter 2007. These data illustrate the capability and potential of integrated ocean observing systems (IOOS) to describe seasonal variability and linkages in a remote marine ecosystem. Citation: Stafford, K. M., S. E. Moore, P. J. Stabeno, D. V. Holliday, J. M. Napp, and D. K. Mellinger (2010), Biophysical ocean observation in the southeastern Bering Sea, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02606, doi:10.1029/2009GL040724.
C1 [Stafford, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Stabeno, Phyllis J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Napp, Jeffrey M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Moore, Sue E.] NOAA, NMFS, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Holliday, D. V.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92117 USA.
[Mellinger, David K.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Mellinger, David K.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR USA.
RP Stafford, KM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM stafford@apl.washington.edu
FU NOAA [NA17RJ1362]; North Pacific Research Board [B52, 719]; US Navy's
Environmental Readiness Division [N00244-08-1-0029, N00244-09-1-0079]
FX The eastern Bering Sea moorings were supported by NOAA's North Pacific
Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity Program (NPCREP) and the
North Pacific Research Board (projects B52 and 719). DKM was supported
by awards NA17RJ1362 from NOAA and N00244-08-1-0029 and N00244-09-1-0079
from the US Navy's Environmental Readiness Division. This is NPRB
publication 234 and contribution N736 to NOAA's Ecosystems and Fisheries
Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI).
NR 18
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 30
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L02606
DI 10.1029/2009GL040724
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 550KL
UT WOS:000274126600001
ER
PT J
AU Shen, Y
Xiong, AY
Wang, Y
Xie, PP
AF Shen, Yan
Xiong, Anyuan
Wang, Ying
Xie, Pingping
TI Performance of high-resolution satellite precipitation products over
China
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL LAND PRECIPITATION; RAIN-GAUGE DATA; SPACE-TIME CLIMATE; DIURNAL
CYCLE; ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; UNITED-STATES;
EAST-ASIA; TRMM; VARIABILITY
AB A gauge-based analysis of hourly precipitation is constructed on a 0.25 degrees latitude/longitude grid over China for a 3 year period from 2005 to 2007 by interpolating gauge reports from similar to 2000 stations collected and quality controlled by the National Meteorological Information Center of the China Meteorological Administration. Gauge-based precipitation analysis is applied to examine the performance of six high-resolution satellite precipitation estimates, including Joyce et al.'s (2004) Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique (CMORPH) and the arithmetic mean of the microwave estimates used in CMORPH; Huffman et al.'s (2007) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation product 3B42 and its real-time version 3B42RT; Turk et al.'s (2004) Naval Research Laboratory blended product; and Hsu et al.'s (1997) Precipitation Estimation From Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Network (PERSIANN). Our results showed the following: (1) all six satellite products are capable of capturing the overall spatial distribution and temporal variations of precipitation reasonably well; (2) performance of the satellite products varies for different regions and different precipitation regimes, with better comparison statistics observed over wet regions and for warm seasons; (3) products based solely on satellite observations present regionally and seasonally varying biases, while the gauge-adjustment procedures applied in TRMM 3B42 remove the large-scale bias almost completely; (4) CMORPH exhibits the best performance in depicting the spatial pattern and temporal variations of precipitation; and (5) both the relative magnitude and the phase of the warm season precipitation over China are estimated quite well, but the early morning peak associated with the Mei-Yu rainfall over central eastern China is substantially under-estimated by all satellite products.
C1 [Shen, Yan; Xiong, Anyuan; Wang, Ying] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Informat Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Pingping] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Shen, Y (reprint author), China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Informat Ctr, 46 Zhongguancun S Ave, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM sheny@cma.gov.cn
FU China Meteorological Administration [GYHY(QX)2-7-6-5]
FX This work is supported by the Construction of an Analysis, Data Storage
and Sharing System for the East Asia Climate Program (GYHY(QX)2-7-6-5)
of the China Meteorological Administration. The authors would like to
thank Lin Zhou, Zijiang Zhou, and Yingrui Sun at the National
Meteorological Information Center of the China Meteorological
Administration for their encouragement and support of this work.
Discussions with Jian-Yin Liang led to a refined research strategy for
the work described in this paper. Comments from three anonymous
reviewers helped improve greatly the quality of this paper.
NR 58
TC 83
Z9 99
U1 3
U2 27
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JAN 30
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D02114
DI 10.1029/2009JD012097
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 550KT
UT WOS:000274127400001
ER
PT J
AU Montzka, SA
Kuijpers, L
Battle, MO
Aydin, M
Verhulst, KR
Saltzman, ES
Fahey, DW
AF Montzka, S. A.
Kuijpers, L.
Battle, M. O.
Aydin, M.
Verhulst, K. R.
Saltzman, E. S.
Fahey, D. W.
TI Recent increases in global HFC-23 emissions
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIRN; AIR; ATMOSPHERE; HCFC-22
AB Firn-air and ambient air measurements of CHF(3) (HFC-23) from three excursions to Antarctica between 2001 and 2009 are used to construct a consistent Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric history. The results show atmospheric mixing ratios of HFC-23 continuing to increase through 2008. Mean global emissions derived from this data for 2006-2008 are 13.5 +/- 2 Gg/yr (200 +/- 30 x 10(12) gCO(2)-equivalent/yr, or MtCO(2)-eq./yr), similar to 50% higher than the 8.7 +/- 1 Gg/yr (130 +/- 15 MtCO(2)-eq./yr) derived for the 1990s. HFC-23 emissions arise primarily from over-fluorination of chloroform during HCFC-22 production. The recent global emission increases are attributed to rapidly increasing HCFC-22 production in developing countries since reported HFC-23 emissions from developed countries decreased over this period. The emissions inferred here for developing countries during 2006-2008 averaged 11 +/- 2 Gg/yr HFC-23 (160 +/- 30 MtCO(2)-eq./yr) and are larger than the similar to 6 Gg/yr of HFC-23 destroyed in United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Clean Development Mechanism projects during 2007 and 2008. Citation: Montzka, S. A., L. Kuijpers, M. O. Battle, M. Aydin, K. R. Verhulst, E. S. Saltzman, and D. W. Fahey (2010), Recent increases in global HFC-23 emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02808, doi:10.1029/2009GL041195.
C1 [Montzka, S. A.; Fahey, D. W.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kuijpers, L.] Tech Univ Eindhoven, Eindhoven Ctr Sustainabil, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
[Battle, M. O.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
[Aydin, M.; Verhulst, K. R.; Saltzman, E. S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Fahey, D. W.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Montzka, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, ESRL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM stephen.a.montzka@noaa.gov
RI Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634; Montzka, Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office; NFS [OPP-440602, OPP-0636953,
OPP-0440509]
FX We acknowledge insightful discussions with M. McFarland and B. Miller.
We thank B. Miller, L. Miller, B. Hall, C. Siso, and J. Elkins for
technical assistance, sample analysis and logistics support. Firn
samples were collected by J. Butler, J. Bastide, A. Clarke, M. Dreier,
T. Sowers and the firn core was drilled by L. Albertshardt, B. Bergeron,
T. Gacke, J. Kyne, M. Waskewicz, and T. Wendricks. We thank M. Bender
for support with firn sampling and unpublished 15N data from
SPO'08-09; J. Severinghaus for unpublished 15N data from at
the WAIS-D and SPO'01 samplings; and T. Conway and P. Lang for
measurements of CO2 from firn flasks. This work was supported
in part by the Atmospheric Composition and Climate Program of NOAA's
Climate Program Office and by NFS grants OPP-440602, OPP-0636953, and
OPP-0440509.
NR 21
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 29
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L02808
DI 10.1029/2009GL041195
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 550KI
UT WOS:000274126300003
ER
PT J
AU Xu, XD
Lu, CG
Shi, XH
Ding, YH
AF Xu, Xiangde
Lu, Chungu
Shi, Xiaohui
Ding, Yihui
TI Large-scale topography of China: A factor for the seasonal progression
of the Meiyu rainband?
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; TIBETAN PLATEAU; YANGTZE-RIVER; RAINFALL; VALLEY;
PERIOD; SEA
AB Monsoon rainfall has been the major precipitation source for many East Asian countries, particularly China. This rainfall typically forms as a band with a distinctive northwestward movement from early spring to midsummer and is known as the Meiyu front. Meiyu rainfall constitutes a part of the East Asian monsoon. As spring transitions into summer, the thermal contrast between the land and the ocean drives the monsoon's circulation. The topography of western China's highlands further intensifies this thermal contrast. The present study tries to analyze how Meiyu rainfall responds to the intensification of the monsoon's driving force by China's large-scale topography. In particular, the cascade of western China's elevated lands toward the northeast seems to act as a "dynamic attractor'' that causes the Meiyu rainband to move to the northwest. When this monsoonal rainfall is fully developed along the foot of China's western highlands, the westerly downslope winds stop the convection, resulting in an abrupt cessation of the Meiyu rainband. The general topographic feature of China clearly defines the low-plain climate as wet versus the plateau climate as arid or semiarid. Analyses of precipitation, water vapor, Earth's surface and near-surface air temperatures, and atmospheric circulation provide a clear picture of this land-ocean-atmosphere interaction.
C1 [Xu, Xiangde; Shi, Xiaohui] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Chungu] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ding, Yihui] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing 100000, Peoples R China.
RP Xu, XD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM chungu.lu@noaa.gov
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2009DFB20540,
2007DFB20210]; China-Japan Meteorological Disaster Cooperative Research
Center; LASW [2009LASWZF02, 2008LASWZI04]; Key Project of Basic
Scientific Research and Operation for Meteorological Sciences [2008Z006]
FX This research was jointly funded by the International Sci-Tech
Cooperative Project (2009DFB20540, 2007DFB20210) funded by the Ministry
of Science and Technology of China, China-Japan Meteorological Disaster
Cooperative Research Center (the China-Japan intergovernmental
cooperation program supported by the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA)), the Independent Research Project of LASW (2009LASWZF02,
2008LASWZI04), and the Key Project of Basic Scientific Research and
Operation for Meteorological Sciences (2008Z006). The authors would like
to thank Ann Reiser for editing this paper.
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JAN 28
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D02110
DI 10.1029/2009JD012444
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 550KR
UT WOS:000274127200003
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, BG
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Perkins, Bradford G., Jr.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Stereodynamics at the Gas-Liquid Interface: Orientation and Alignment of
CO2 Scattered from Perfluorinated Liquid Surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER; DIRECT INELASTIC-SCATTERING; INCIDENT
COLLISION ENERGY; MOLECULAR-BEAM; TRANSLATIONAL ENERGY; TRAPPING
DESORPTION; HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS; APROTIC GASES; O(P-3) ATOMS; DYNAMICS
AB Rotational orientation/alignment dynamics of CO2 scattered from a perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) liquid surface has been investigated via direct absorption experimental Studies and theoretical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Experimentally, polarization modulation of a single mode diode laser is combined with lock-in detection to measure circular/linear IR polarizance due to CO2 scattering from the surface at theta(inc) = 60 degrees and E-inc = 10.6(8) kcal/mol and probed over a series of final scattering angles, The differential absorption intensities are related through Fano-Macek theory to the three lowest multipole moments (A(0), A(2+), and O1-) which describe collisionally induced Orientation and alignment at the liquid surface. The total scattering population reflects both trapping-desorption (TD) and impulsive scattering (IS) components, with a strong positive anisotropy in the M-J distribution that indicates preferential CO2 scattering from the surface with a forward (i.e., "topspin") sense of end-over-end tumbling. Theoretical trajectory simulations provide 3D CO2 flux and J state distributions scattering from fluorinated self-assembled monolayers (F-SAMs) and are compared with experimental results as it function of final rotational state. Specifically, trends in the theoretical orientation/ alignment moments are in remarkable agreement over the full range of J states but with values consistently overpredicted by nearly 2-fold, which may reflect a higher level of local ordering for F-SAMS vs a gas-PFPE liquid interface.
C1 [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation
FX Primary support for this research has been Provided by the Air Force
Office of Scientific Reports, with,additional equipment and computer
funds provided by the National Science Foundation. Additionally, we
would like to thank Professors William Hase and Emilio Martinez-Nunez
for their help and exceptional insight into the MD simulations, Dr.
Michael Deskevich for help with the 3D visualization of the scattering
distributions. and Professor Chris Greene for useful discussions
regarding the details of Funo-Macek theory.
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JAN 28
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 3
BP 1398
EP 1410
DI 10.1021/jp907022u
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 544QB
UT WOS:000273672600023
PM 20039715
ER
PT J
AU Knill, E
AF Knill, Emanuel
TI PHYSICS Quantum computing
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NIST, Math & Computat Sci Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Knill, E (reprint author), NIST, Math & Computat Sci Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM emanuel.knill@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD JAN 28
PY 2010
VL 463
IS 7280
BP 441
EP 443
DI 10.1038/463441a
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 548QK
UT WOS:000273981100034
PM 20110986
ER
PT J
AU Victor, BC
Vasquez-Yeomans, L
Valdez-Moreno, M
Wilk, L
Jones, DL
Lara, MR
Caldow, C
Shivji, M
AF Victor, Benjamin C.
Vasquez-Yeomans, Lourdes
Valdez-Moreno, Martha
Wilk, Leslie
Jones, David L.
Lara, Monica R.
Caldow, Chris
Shivji, Mahmood
TI The larval, juvenile, and adult stages of the Caribbean goby,
Coryphopterus kuna (Teleostei: Gobiidae): a reef fish with a pelagic
larval duration longer than the post-settlement lifespan
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Kuna Goby; Gobiidae; gobies; larvae; pelagic larval duration;
distribution; biogeography; Caribbean; Atlantic; fishes; DNA; barcode;
otoliths; aging; life history
ID DELAYED METAMORPHOSIS; PERCIFORMES; SCHINDLERIA; VERTEBRATE; GOBIOIDEI;
BARCODE
AB Additional larval, juvenile, and adult specimens and live photographs of the Caribbean Kuna Goby, Coryphopterus kuna, expand the known geographic range for the species and allow a comprehensive description of all the life stages for this recently-discovered species, including age and growth estimates from daily otolith increments. The Kuna Goby is found widely throughout the tropical western Atlantic, including southern Florida, Quintana Roo on the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Belize, Honduras, Panama, San Andres Island, Bonaire, and Guadeloupe. The additional specimens indicate that C. kuna has a pelvic frenum and that females have a black flag on the outer portion of the first two spinous dorsal-fin membranes, while males have a dark stripe along the mid-length of the spinous dorsal fin. The development of melanophores on pelagic larvae through the transition to settled juvenile is described. The Kuna Goby is a notably small goby: larvae settle around 7-9 mm SL, adults mature at 10-11 mm SL and then only attain about 17 mm SL. Kuna Gobies settle after a 60-day pelagic larval life, and mature rapidly. They are reproductive in as few as three weeks and live for about two months after settlement. This is the first reported fish in which the pelagic larval duration is generally longer than the post-settlement lifespan.
C1 [Victor, Benjamin C.] Ocean Sci Fdn, Irvine, CA 92604 USA.
[Victor, Benjamin C.; Shivji, Mahmood] Nova SE Univ, Guy Harvey Res Inst, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
[Vasquez-Yeomans, Lourdes; Valdez-Moreno, Martha] Colegio Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Chetmal 77014, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
[Wilk, Leslie] ReefNet Inc, Mississauga, ON L5L 2W8, Canada.
[Jones, David L.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lara, Monica R.] St Petersburg Coll, Clearwater, FL 33759 USA.
[Caldow, Chris] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Victor, BC (reprint author), Ocean Sci Fdn, 4051 Glenwood, Irvine, CA 92604 USA.
EM ben@coralreeffish.com
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD JAN 28
PY 2010
IS 2346
BP 53
EP 61
PG 9
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 548SN
UT WOS:000273986700005
ER
PT J
AU Semmens, BX
Auster, PJ
Paddack, MJ
AF Semmens, Brice X.
Auster, Peter J.
Paddack, Michelle J.
TI Using Ecological Null Models to Assess the Potential for Marine
Protected Area Networks to Protect Biodiversity
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID REEF FISH DIVERSITY; CORAL-REEFS; SPECIES COOCCURRENCE; HABITAT
COMPLEXITY; TROPHIC CASCADES; ASSEMBLY RULES; NESTEDNESS; RESERVES;
ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITIES
AB Marine protected area (MPA) networks have been proposed as a principal method for conserving biological diversity, yet patterns of diversity may ultimately complicate or compromise the development of such networks. We show how a series of ecological null models can be applied to assemblage data across sites in order to identify non-random biological patterns likely to influence the effectiveness of MPA network design. We use fish census data from Caribbean fore-reefs as a test system and demonstrate that: 1) site assemblages were nested, such that species found on sites with relatively few species were subsets of those found on sites with relatively many species, 2) species co-occurred across sites more than expected by chance once species-habitat associations were accounted for, and 3) guilds were most evenly represented at the richest sites and richness among all guilds was correlated (i.e., species and trophic diversity were closely linked). These results suggest that the emerging Caribbean marine protected area network will likely be successful at protecting regional diversity even if planning is largely constrained by insular, inventory-based design efforts. By recasting ecological null models as tests of assemblage patterns likely to influence management action, we demonstrate how these classic tools of ecological theory can be brought to bear in applied conservation problems.
C1 [Semmens, Brice X.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Auster, Peter J.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Auster, Peter J.] Univ Connecticut, Natl Undersea Res Ctr, Groton, CT USA.
[Paddack, Michelle J.] Santa Barbara City Coll, Dept Biol, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
RP Semmens, BX (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM brice.semmens@noaa.gov
FU STAR EPA; National Research Council through the Northwest Fisheries
Science Center, NOAA; Pew Marine Conservation; UK Natural Environment
Resource Council [NE/C004442/1]
FX This work was supported by a STAR EPA fellowship and a National Research
Council post-doctoral fellowship through the Northwest Fisheries Science
Center, NOAA, to BXS, a Pew Marine Conservation Fellowship to PJA, and a
grant from the UK Natural Environment Resource Council NE/C004442/1 to
MJP. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 75
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 21
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JAN 27
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 1
AR e8895
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008895
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 550FX
UT WOS:000274114800010
PM 20111711
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, K
Coffer, JL
Gillen, JG
Brewer, TW
AF Jiang, Ke
Coffer, Jeffery L.
Gillen, J. Greg
Brewer, Timothy W.
TI Incorporation of Cesium Borocaptate onto Silicon Nanowires as a Delivery
Vehicle for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SODIUM BOROCAPTATE; DRUG-DELIVERY; BRAIN-TUMORS; CELLS
C1 [Jiang, Ke; Coffer, Jeffery L.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA.
[Gillen, J. Greg; Brewer, Timothy W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Coffer, JL (reprint author), Texas Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA.
EM j.coffer@tcu.edu
RI Coffer, Jeffery/G-5686-2011; Jiang, Ke/M-6249-2014
OI Jiang, Ke/0000-0001-8369-1211
FU Robert A. Welch Foundation [P-1212]
FX Financial Support by the Robert A. Welch Foundation (Grant P-1212) is
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD JAN 26
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 2
BP 279
EP 281
DI 10.1021/cm902513g
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 543LZ
UT WOS:000273580700001
ER
PT J
AU Koster, RD
Mahanama, SPP
Yamada, TJ
Balsamo, G
Berg, AA
Boisserie, M
Dirmeyer, PA
Doblas-Reyes, FJ
Drewitt, G
Gordon, CT
Guo, Z
Jeong, JH
Lawrence, DM
Lee, WS
Li, Z
Luo, L
Malyshev, S
Merryfield, WJ
Seneviratne, SI
Stanelle, T
van den Hurk, BJJM
Vitart, F
Wood, EF
AF Koster, R. D.
Mahanama, S. P. P.
Yamada, T. J.
Balsamo, Gianpaolo
Berg, A. A.
Boisserie, M.
Dirmeyer, P. A.
Doblas-Reyes, F. J.
Drewitt, G.
Gordon, C. T.
Guo, Z.
Jeong, J. -H.
Lawrence, D. M.
Lee, W. -S.
Li, Z.
Luo, L.
Malyshev, S.
Merryfield, W. J.
Seneviratne, S. I.
Stanelle, T.
van den Hurk, B. J. J. M.
Vitart, F.
Wood, E. F.
TI Contribution of land surface initialization to subseasonal forecast
skill: First results from a multi-model experiment
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; SOIL-MOISTURE; ATMOSPHERE MODEL; TEMPERATURE;
SIMULATION; PREDICTION; PRECIPITATION; FORMULATION; SYSTEM; IMPACT
AB The second phase of the Global Land-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE-2) is aimed at quantifying, with a suite of long-range forecast systems, the degree to which realistic land surface initialization contributes to the skill of subseasonal precipitation and air temperature forecasts. Results, which focus here on North America, show significant contributions to temperature prediction skill out to two months across large portions of the continent. For precipitation forecasts, contributions to skill are much weaker but are still significant out to 45 days in some locations. Skill levels increase markedly when calculations are conditioned on the magnitude of the initial soil moisture anomaly. Citation: Koster, R. D., et al. (2010), Contribution of land surface initialization to subseasonal forecast skill: First results from a multi-model experiment, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02402, doi:10.1029/2009GL041677.
C1 [Koster, R. D.; Mahanama, S. P. P.; Yamada, T. J.; Li, Z.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GMAO, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Balsamo, Gianpaolo; Vitart, F.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Berg, A. A.; Drewitt, G.] Univ Guelph, Dept Geog, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Boisserie, M.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Dirmeyer, P. A.; Guo, Z.] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
[Doblas-Reyes, F. J.] ICREA, Inst Catala Ciencies Clima, Barcelona, Spain.
[Gordon, C. T.] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Jeong, J. -H.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, S-41320 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Lawrence, D. M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Lee, W. -S.; Merryfield, W. J.] Environm Canada, CCCMA, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
[Seneviratne, S. I.; Stanelle, T.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[van den Hurk, B. J. J. M.] KNMI, Dept Climate Res, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Luo, L.; Wood, E. F.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Malyshev, S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Li, Z.] SAIC, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Mahanama, S. P. P.; Yamada, T. J.] UMBC, GEST, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Koster, RD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GMAO, Code 610-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM randal.d.koster@nasa.gov
RI Luo, Lifeng/C-8734-2009; Lawrence, David/C-4026-2011; Seneviratne,
Sonia/G-8761-2011; Koster, Randal/F-5881-2012; Balsamo,
Gianpaolo/I-3362-2013; Dirmeyer, Paul/B-6553-2016; Doblas-Reyes,
Francisco/C-1228-2016
OI Lawrence, David/0000-0002-2968-3023; Seneviratne,
Sonia/0000-0001-9528-2917; Koster, Randal/0000-0001-6418-6383; Balsamo,
Gianpaolo/0000-0002-1745-3634; Dirmeyer, Paul/0000-0003-3158-1752;
Doblas-Reyes, Francisco/0000-0002-6622-4280
FU NOAA; NASA; WCRP
FX Coordinators of the GLACE-2 project gratefully acknowledge financial
support from NOAA's Climate Prediction Program for the Americas and
NASA's Terrestrial Hydrology program. The various participants in the
project (see Table 1) were able to perform the GLACE-2 simulations
thanks to financial and computational support from their home
institutions and/or from the institutions hosting the numerical
prediction systems. We thank WCRP's GEWEX and CLIVAR projects for their
sponsorship of this project.
NR 29
TC 131
Z9 134
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 26
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L02402
DI 10.1029/2009GL041677
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 550JV
UT WOS:000274125000001
ER
PT J
AU Akcora, P
Kumar, SK
Moll, J
Lewis, S
Schadler, LS
Li, Y
Benicewicz, BC
Sandy, A
Narayanan, S
Illavsky, J
Thiyagarajan, P
Colby, RH
Douglas, JF
AF Akcora, Pinar
Kumar, Sanat K.
Moll, Joseph
Lewis, Sarah
Schadler, Linda S.
Li, Yu
Benicewicz, Brian C.
Sandy, Alec
Narayanan, Suresh
Illavsky, Jan
Thiyagarajan, Pappannan
Colby, Ralph H.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI "Gel-like" Mechanical Reinforcement in Polymer Nanocomposite Melts
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR; DYNAMICAL LIGHT-SCATTERING; SHORT-FIBER
COMPOSITES; SOFT GLASSY GELS; THERMOELASTIC PROPERTIES; NANOPARTICLE
DISPERSION; GRAFTED NANOPARTICLES; ELASTOMERS; RHEOLOGY; STRATEGIES
AB We critically explore the role of particle dispersion oil the melt state mechanical properties of nanocomposites formed by mixing polystyrene homopolymers with polystyrene grafted silica nanoparticles. We selected this system since we previously showed that nanoparticle spatial distribution can be controlled through judicious choices of the brush and matrix parameters. Here we focus oil the temporal evolution of the nanoparticle self-assembly dispersion state and its effect on mechanical reinforcement using rheology, electron microscopy, and the measurement of nanoscale particle dynamics using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. Nanoscale and macroscopic experiments show that it composite with percolating sheets of particles displays "gel-like" or solid-like mechanical behavior at lower particle loadings than one with uniform particle dispersion. This conclusion allows us to conjecture that mechanical reinforcement is primarily controlled by interparticle interactions (including those facilitated by the grafted chains) and that the matrix plays a relatively minor role. This statement has far-reaching consequences oil the design of polymer nanocomposites with desired properties.
C1 [Akcora, Pinar; Kumar, Sanat K.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Moll, Joseph] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Lewis, Sarah; Schadler, Linda S.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY USA.
[Li, Yu; Benicewicz, Brian C.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Sandy, Alec; Narayanan, Suresh; Illavsky, Jan; Thiyagarajan, Pappannan] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Colby, Ralph H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kumar, SK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RI Li, Yu/A-3565-2011; Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013; USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013;
OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900; Benicewicz, Brian/0000-0003-4130-1232
FU National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research
[DMR-0804647]; Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative of the
National Science Foundation [DMR-0642573]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02paq-06CH11357]
FX Partial funding for this research was provided by the National Science
Foundation Division of Materials Research (S.K., P.A., NSF DMR-0804647)
and through the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative of the
National Science Foundation under NSF DMR-0642573 at RPi (S.K., S.L.,
L.S.S., B.B.). Use of the Advanced Photon Source and I PNS was supported
by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02paq-06CH11357. We thank Dr. Luca
Cipelletti for useful discussions on XPCS.
NR 42
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 16
U2 97
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JAN 26
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
BP 1003
EP 1010
DI 10.1021/ma902072d
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 543YQ
UT WOS:000273618100053
ER
PT J
AU Loizou, E
Porcar, L
Schexnailder, P
Schmidt, G
Butler, P
AF Loizou, Elena
Porcar, Lionel
Schexnailder, Patrick
Schmidt, Gudrun
Butler, Paul
TI Shear-Induced Nanometer and Micrometer Structural Responses in
Nanocomposite Hydrogels
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; POLYMER-CLAY SOLUTIONS; LARGE-SCALE
STRUCTURES; LAPONITE-PEO MIXTURES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); BUTTERFLY
PATTERNS; FLOW-BIREFRINGENCE; WORMLIKE MICELLES; COLLOIDAL DISKS;
SHAKE-GELS
AB The structural responses of a polymer-clay nanocomposite hydrogel to an imposed shear field are investigated from the nanometer to the micrometer length scales. The effects of polymer molecular weight and concentration of the components are probed, and the structural response of the individual components is explored using contrast matching techniques with small-angle neutron scattering. At rest the clay structure appears minimally perturbed by the presence of the polymer. As the network begins to be disrupted under the effect of low shear, large-scale inhomogeneities roll up and orient with their long axis parallel to the neutral direction. With increasing shear rates the effect of the polymer-clay interactions becomes apparent with nanoscopic orientation of both the clay platelets and the polymer chains, but only in systems where polymer bridging of the clay can occur. The clay and polymer concentration dependence of the shear response suggests an ideal combination of concentrations and polymer molecular weights with implications for materials design.
C1 [Loizou, Elena] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Loizou, Elena; Porcar, Lionel; Butler, Paul] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Loizou, Elena] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
[Porcar, Lionel] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Porcar, Lionel] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Schexnailder, Patrick; Schmidt, Gudrun] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Loizou, E (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM elenaloizou@gmail.com
RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST [60NANB6D6159,
60NANB6D6096]; National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
Department of Commerce; National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX This research has been supported by the National Institute of Standards
and Technology, NIST awards 60NANB6D6159 and 60NANB6D6096, and in part
by an NSF CAREER award to G.S. We acknowledge the support of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of
Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this
work. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement DMR-0454672. The authors thank
Professor D. Pozzo of the University of Washington for providing the now
SALS images. Certain commercial materials and suppliers are identified
in this paper to foster understanding. Such identification does not
imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 47
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 4
U2 42
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JAN 26
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
BP 1041
EP 1049
DI 10.1021/ma9019448
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 543YQ
UT WOS:000273618100058
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XH
Yager, KG
Kang, SH
Fredin, NJ
Akgun, B
Satija, S
Douglas, JF
Karim, A
Jones, RL
AF Zhang, Xiaohua
Yager, Kevin G.
Kang, Shuhui
Fredin, Nathaniel J.
Akgun, Bulent
Satija, Sushil
Douglas, Jack F.
Karim, Alamgir
Jones, Ronald L.
TI Solvent Retention in Thin Spin-Coated Polystyrene and Poly(methyl
methacrylate) Homopolymer Films Studied By Neutron Reflectometry
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-TRANSITION; POLYMER-FILMS; MEDIA
AB We utilize neutron reflectometry(NR) to probe the amount of residual solvent in thin polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films spin-coated from deuterated toluene solutions onto silicon substrates. The effect of thermal treatment at temperatures below and above the glass transition of PS and PMMA are examined to determine how these treatments affect the residual solvent. The parameters investigated include the total film thickness and molecular mass for PS and only thickness for PMMA. We find that the volume fraction of solvent in PM MA films is less than a few percentages, while no residual solvent was detected in PS films. The residual solvent content of the PMMA films had a slight dependence on thickness. These results are corroborated utilizing fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. We discuss these observations in the context of large body of seemingly conflicting literature on residual solvent in polymer thin films.
C1 [Zhang, Xiaohua; Yager, Kevin G.; Kang, Shuhui; Fredin, Nathaniel J.; Douglas, Jack F.; Karim, Alamgir; Jones, Ronald L.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent; Satija, Sushil] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Jones, RL (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ronald.jones@nist.gov
RI Fredin, Nathaniel/B-2890-2010; Yager, Kevin/F-9804-2011; Akgun,
Bulent/H-3798-2011
OI Yager, Kevin/0000-0001-7745-2513;
FU NIST-National Research Council Fellowship; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; National Institute of
Standards and Technology; U.S. Department of Commerce
FX N.J.F. acknowledges the support of a NIST-National Research Council
Fellowship. K.G.Y. acknowledges the support of the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada in the form of a
Post-doctoral Fellowship. We acknowledge the support of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in
providing the neutron research facilities used in this work. We thank
Thad Harroun for providing the Yanera reflectivity software.
NR 21
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JAN 26
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
BP 1117
EP 1123
DI 10.1021/ma902168w
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 543YQ
UT WOS:000273618100067
ER
PT J
AU Samhouri, JF
Levin, PS
Ainsworth, CH
AF Samhouri, Jameal F.
Levin, Phillip S.
Ainsworth, Cameron H.
TI Identifying Thresholds for Ecosystem-Based Management
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD-WEB MODELS; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; FISHERIES
MANAGEMENT; REGIME SHIFTS; CORAL-REEFS; INDICATORS; RESILIENCE;
STABILITY; CONSERVATION
AB Background: One of the greatest obstacles to moving ecosystem-based management (EBM) from concept to practice is the lack of a systematic approach to defining ecosystem-level decision criteria, or reference points that trigger management action.
Methodology/Principal Findings: To assist resource managers and policymakers in developing EBM decision criteria, we introduce a quantitative, transferable method for identifying utility thresholds. A utility threshold is the level of human-induced pressure (e. g., pollution) at which small changes produce substantial improvements toward the EBM goal of protecting an ecosystem's structural (e. g., diversity) and functional (e. g., resilience) attributes. The analytical approach is based on the detection of nonlinearities in relationships between ecosystem attributes and pressures. We illustrate the method with a hypothetical case study of (1) fishing and (2) nearshore habitat pressure using an empirically-validated marine ecosystem model for British Columbia, Canada, and derive numerical threshold values in terms of the density of two empirically-tractable indicator groups, sablefish and jellyfish. We also describe how to incorporate uncertainty into the estimation of utility thresholds and highlight their value in the context of understanding EBM trade-offs.
Conclusions/Significance: For any policy scenario, an understanding of utility thresholds provides insight into the amount and type of management intervention required to make significant progress toward improved ecosystem structure and function. The approach outlined in this paper can be applied in the context of single or multiple human-induced pressures, to any marine, freshwater, or terrestrial ecosystem, and should facilitate more effective management.
C1 [Samhouri, Jameal F.] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Portland, OR USA.
[Levin, Phillip S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Ainsworth, Cameron H.] Marine Resources Assessment Grp Amer Inc, St Petersburg, FL USA.
RP Samhouri, JF (reprint author), Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Portland, OR USA.
EM Jameal.Samhouri@noaa.gov
RI Ainsworth, Cameron/E-8507-2011
FU NOAA Fisheries (Northwest Fisheries Science Center)
FX This research was supported by NOAA Fisheries (Northwest Fisheries
Science Center). The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 63
TC 67
Z9 67
U1 2
U2 92
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JAN 26
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 1
AR e8907
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0008907
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 547NO
UT WOS:000273896500025
PM 20126647
ER
PT J
AU Graham, RL
Alers, GB
Mountsier, T
Shamma, N
Dhuey, S
Cabrini, S
Geiss, RH
Read, DT
Peddeti, S
AF Graham, R. L.
Alers, G. B.
Mountsier, T.
Shamma, N.
Dhuey, S.
Cabrini, S.
Geiss, R. H.
Read, D. T.
Peddeti, S.
TI Resistivity dominated by surface scattering in sub-50 nm Cu wires
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE copper; electrical resistivity; electron backscattering; electron beam
lithography; electron diffraction; electron mean free path; grain
boundaries; interconnections; masks; nanolithography; nanowires; surface
roughness; surface scattering
ID IMPURITY INCORPORATION; COPPER; INTERCONNECTS; TRANSPORT; REGIME; FILMS
AB Electron scattering mechanisms in copper lines were investigated to understand the extendibility of copper interconnects when linewidth or thickness is less than the mean free path. Electron-beam lithography and a dual hard mask were used to produce interconnects with linewidths between 25 and 45 nm. Electron backscatter diffraction characterized grain structure. Temperature dependence of the line resistance determined resistivity, which was consistent with existing models for completely diffused surface scattering and line-edge roughness, with little contribution from grain boundary scattering. A simple analytical model was developed that describes resistivity from diffuse surface scattering and line-edge roughness.
C1 [Graham, R. L.; Alers, G. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Mountsier, T.; Shamma, N.] Novellus Syst, San Jose, CA 95134 USA.
[Dhuey, S.; Cabrini, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA.
[Geiss, R. H.; Read, D. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Peddeti, S.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
RP Graham, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM galers@ucsc.edu
FU Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NIST [2004-012]
FX Portions of this work were performed at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Portions of this work were
supported by the NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs under Project
No. 2004-012.
NR 20
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 25
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 4
AR 042116
DI 10.1063/1.3292022
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 551BH
UT WOS:000274179900047
ER
PT J
AU Marty, GD
Heintz, RA
AF Marty, Gary D.
Heintz, Ronald A.
TI Ruptured yolk sacs and visceral fungi in emergent pink salmon alevins:
histopathology and relation to marine survival
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pink salmon; Oncorhynchus gorbuscha; Ruptured yolk sac; Alevins;
Histopathology; Marine survival
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-GORBUSCHA; CYTOCHROME-P4501A INDUCTION;
LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS; PHOMA-HERBARUM; CHINOOK SALMON; CRUDE-OIL;
DISEASE; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; EMBRYOS
AB Marine survival of anadromous salmon species is highly variable, and causes of this variability are often unknown. In the 1990s, cultured pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha alevins from 2 different regions in Alaska, USA, had years with increased postemergent mortality that could not. be attributed to viruses, bacteria, or parasites. In both regions, lifetime marine survival of the most severely affected fish groups was as low as 11%, in 1 region and 0.13% in the other region. To determine causes of morbidity, alevins from both regions were sampled for detailed histopathology (n = 144 and 36). Microscopic lesions associated with increased postemergent mortality included ruptured yolk sacs or 'coagulated yolk' (up to 38%, of abnormal fish affected) and invasive fungi in the stomach or swimbladder (Up to 39%, of abnormal fish affected). The diagnosis of a ruptured yolk sac was based on the presence of yolk protein in the peritoneal cavity. Putative yolk proteins sometimes also distended peritoneal macrophages, systemic vessels, hepatocyte cytoplasm, splenic macrophages, and renal ducts. The most severe case of visceral fungi had hyphae invading from the stomach into the swimbladder and kidney. In the hatchery with the greatest postemergent. mortality, 38%, of the abnormal fish sampled had no significant microscopic lesions. We hypothesize that ruptured yolk sacs and visceral fungi occurred in fish that. were predisposed to develop these lesions because of poor body condition. High prevalence of these lesions might be a useful marker for predicting poor marine survival.
C1 [Marty, Gary D.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Heintz, Ronald A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Marty, GD (reprint author), Minist Agr & Lands, Ctr Anim Hlth, 1767 Angus Campbell Rd, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada.
EM gdmarty@ucdavis.edu
FU Prince William Sound Aquaculture Corporation; 'Exxon Valdez' Oil Spill
Trustee Council
FX We thank W. Widmann for histotechnology and N. Willits for statistical
analysis; J.B. Olsen sampled the fish in Prince William Sound, D.
Reggiani provided mortality and return data for Prince William Sound,
and M. Plot-nick provided commercial fisheries data from the Alaska
Department. of Fish and Game. D. Marty reviewed the Manuscript. The
research described in this paper was supported by the Prince William
Sound Aquaculture Corporation and the 'Exxon Valdez' Oil Spill Trustee
Council.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD JAN 25
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 2
BP 115
EP 126
DI 10.3354/dao02150
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 557DG
UT WOS:000274648400004
PM 20225673
ER
PT J
AU Saylor, RK
Miller, DL
Vandersea, MW
Bevelhimer, MS
Schofield, PJ
Bennett, WA
AF Saylor, Ryan K.
Miller, Debra L.
Vandersea, Mark W.
Bevelhimer, Mark S.
Schofield, Pamela J.
Bennett, Wayne A.
TI Epizootic ulcerative syndrome caused by Aphanomyces invadans in captive
bullseye snakehead Channa marulius collected from south Florida, USA
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Epizootic ulcerative syndrome; Mycotic dermatitis; Mycotic myositis;
Non-native fish species; Oomycete; Water mold
ID ATLANTIC MENHADEN; UNITED-STATES; FISH; MYCOSIS; PATHOGENICITY; DISEASE;
ESTUARINE; LESIONS; FUNGI
AB Epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces invadans is an invasive, opportunistic disease of both freshwater and estuarine fishes. Originally documented as the cause of mycotic granulomatosis of ornamental fishes in Japan and as the cause of EUS of fishes in southeast Asia and Australia, this pathogen is also present in estuaries and freshwater bodies of the Atlantic and gulf coasts of the USA. We describe a mass mortality event of 343 captive juvenile bulls-eye snakehead Channa marulius collected from freshwater canals in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Clinical signs appeared within the first 2 d of captivity and included petechiae, ulceration, erratic swimming, and inappetence. Histological examination revealed hyphae invading from the skin lesions deep into the musculature and internal organs. Species identification was confirmed using a species-specific PCR assay. Despite therapeutic attempts, 100%, mortality occurred. This represents the first documented case of EUS in bullseye snakehead fish collected from waters in the USA. Future investigation of the distribution and prevalence of A. invadans within the bullseye snakehead range in south Florida may give insight into this pathogen-host system.
C1 [Miller, Debra L.] Univ Georgia, Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[Saylor, Ryan K.; Bennett, Wayne A.] Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
[Vandersea, Mark W.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Bevelhimer, Mark S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Schofield, Pamela J.] US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Miller, DL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, 43 Brighton Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
EM millerdl@uga.edu
OI Miller, Debra/0000-0002-8544-174X
FU Department of Biology and Research [164053, 2008-003]
FX We thank P. L. Shafland and the electrofishing crew of the Florida Fish
and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Non-native Species Research
Laboratory, in Boca Raton, Florida, for collection of and information on
juvenile bullseye snakeheads (FWC Permit # ESC Possession 0814). We also
thank the Department of Biology and Research and Sponsored Programs for
supporting and funding (Grant #164053; IACUC #2008-003) research on
bullseye snakehead as well as their transport from south Florida,
Finally, we thank the staff of the University of Georgia Veterinary
Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory for help in sample processing,
especially D, Rousey, K, Bridges, and M. Gandy. Use of trade or product
names does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 18
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD JAN 25
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 2
BP 169
EP 175
DI 10.3354/dao02158
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 557DG
UT WOS:000274648400009
PM 20225678
ER
PT J
AU Solomon, A
AF Solomon, Amy
TI Interannual ENSO variability forced through coupled atmosphere-ocean
feedback loops
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; DECADAL VARIABILITY; TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES; ROSSBY
WAVES; TROPICS; MODEL; MIDLATITUDES; MECHANISM; PATHWAYS; BRIDGE
AB El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are known to force atmospheric teleconnections that impact extratropical sea surface temperatures and surface winds. In this paper we use focused model experiments to investigate whether this extratropical variability can feedback to, and significantly impact, the Tropics through ocean Rossby waves. We use an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a reduced gravity Pacific Ocean model to isolate these potential feedback loops and quantify their impact on ENSO variability. We find that anomalous winds and heat fluxes located in regions of maximum mean subduction in the subtropical North Pacific trigger ocean Rossby waves that take approximately four years to reach the equator. Most notably, we demonstrate that this feedback loop causes a primarily 2-year ENSO, when only the Tropics is coupled, to shift to a more realistic broad 2-5 year range by damping similar to 2 year variability and amplifying similar to 4 year variability. Citation: Solomon, A. (2010), Interannual ENSO variability forced through coupled atmosphere-ocean feedback loops, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02706, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041622.
C1 [Solomon, Amy] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Solomon, Amy] Univ Colorado, Climate Diagnost Ctr, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Solomon, A (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM amy.solomon@noaa.gov
RI Solomon, Amy/L-8988-2013
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office [GC05-170]; NCAR's CSL [93300116]
FX Discussions with M. Alexander, G. Compo, J. McCreary, M. Newman, Eli
Tziperman, S.-I. Shin, and an anonymous reviewer are gratefully
acknowledged. This work was supported in part by grants from NOAA's
Climate Program Office (CLIVAR GC05-170) and NCAR's CSL (#93300116).
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 22
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L02706
DI 10.1029/2009GL041622
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 547OH
UT WOS:000273898400002
ER
PT J
AU Dziak, RP
Park, M
Lee, WS
Matsumoto, H
Bohnenstiehl, DR
Haxel, JH
AF Dziak, Robert P.
Park, Minkyu
Lee, Won Sang
Matsumoto, Haru
Bohnenstiehl, DelWayne R.
Haxel, Joseph H.
TI Tectonomagmatic activity and ice dynamics in the Bransfield Strait
back-arc basin, Antarctica
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE DETECTION THRESHOLDS; SEA-FLOOR EVIDENCE; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE;
DECEPTION-ISLAND; WEST ANTARCTICA; P-WAVE; PENINSULA; VOLCANO; RIFT;
EARTHQUAKES
AB An array of moored hydrophones was used to monitor the spatiotemporal distribution of small- to moderate-sized earthquakes and ice-generated sounds within the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. During a 2 year period, a total of 3900 earthquakes, 5925 icequakes and numerous ice tremor events were located throughout the region. The seismic activity included eight space-time earthquake clusters, positioned along the central neovolcanic rift zone of the young Bransfield back-arc basin. These sequences of small magnitude earthquakes, or swarms, suggest ongoing magmatic activity that becomes localized along isolated volcanic features and fissure-like ridges in the southwest portion of the basin. A total of 122 earthquakes were located along the South Shetland trench, indicating continued deformation and possibly ongoing subduction along this margin. The large number of icequakes observed show a temporal pattern related to seasonal freeze-thaw cycles and a spatial distribution consistent with channeling of sea ice along submarine canyons from glacier fronts. Several harmonic tremor episodes were sourced from a large (similar to 30 km(2)) iceberg that entered northeast portion of the basin. The spectral character of these signals suggests they were produced by either resonance of a small chamber of fluid within the iceberg, or more likely, due to periodicity of discrete stick-slip events caused by contact of the moving iceberg with the seafloor. These pressure waves appear to have been excited by abrasion of the iceberg along the seafloor as it passed Clarence and Elephant Islands.
C1 [Dziak, Robert P.; Matsumoto, Haru; Haxel, Joseph H.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, NOAA, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Bohnenstiehl, DelWayne R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Park, Minkyu; Lee, Won Sang] Korea Polar Res Inst, Polar Environm Res Div, Inchon 406840, South Korea.
RP Dziak, RP (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, NOAA, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RI Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011
OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611
FU Korea Ocean and Polar Research Institute; NOAA Ocean Exploration
Program; KOPRI [PP08020, PM09030]
FX The authors thank the captain and crew of the R/V Yuzhmorgeologiya and
the captain and personnel of King Sejong Base, King George Island,
Antarctica, for their support during staging and deployment of the
hydrophone arrays. The authors also wish to thank B. Hanshumaker, T.-K.
Lau, K. Stafford, S. Heimlich, M. Fowler, A. Young, and S. Yun for their
at sea support and laboratory assistance. The authors owe special thanks
to J.-H. Lee for his hard work during the first successful
deployment/recovery in Antarctic waters, without which the hydrophone
experiment could not begin. Also thanks to J. Hong for providing
additional ship time during the hydrophone deployments and D. Mellinger
for providing the Ishmael software. This project was made possible
through support of the Korea Ocean and Polar Research Institute and the
NOAA Ocean Exploration Program, PMEL contribution 3265, and KOPRI
projects PP08020 and PM09030.
NR 37
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JAN 22
PY 2010
VL 115
AR B01102
DI 10.1029/2009JB006295
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 547QY
UT WOS:000273905400002
ER
PT J
AU Ospelkaus, S
Ni, KK
Quemener, G
Neyenhuis, B
Wang, D
de Miranda, MHG
Bohn, JL
Ye, J
Jin, DS
AF Ospelkaus, S.
Ni, K. -K.
Quemener, G.
Neyenhuis, B.
Wang, D.
de Miranda, M. H. G.
Bohn, J. L.
Ye, J.
Jin, D. S.
TI Controlling the Hyperfine State of Rovibronic Ground-State Polar
Molecules
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS; ATOMS
AB We report the preparation of a rovibronic ground-state molecular quantum gas in a single hyperfine state and, in particular, the absolute lowest quantum state. This addresses the last internal degree of freedom remaining after the recent production of a near quantum degenerate gas of molecules in their rovibronic ground state, and provides a crucial step towards full control over molecular quantum gases. We demonstrate a scheme that is general for bialkali polar molecules and allows the preparation of molecules in a single hyperfine state or in an arbitrary coherent superposition of hyperfine states. The scheme relies on electric-dipole, two-photon microwave transitions through rotationally excited states and makes use of electric nuclear quadrupole interactions to transfer molecular population between different hyperfine states.
C1 [Ospelkaus, S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ospelkaus, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Wang, Dajun/F-7026-2012
FU NIST; NSF; DOE; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
FX We acknowledge financial support from NIST, NSF, and DOE. B. N.
acknowledges support from NSF, and S. O. from the Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation. We thank J. Perreault, M. Swallows, and C. Ospelkaus for
critical reading of the manuscript.
NR 22
TC 145
Z9 146
U1 0
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 22
PY 2010
VL 104
IS 3
AR 030402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.030402
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 548XL
UT WOS:000274003100002
PM 20366634
ER
PT J
AU Bender, MA
Knutson, TR
Tuleya, RE
Sirutis, JJ
Vecchi, GA
Garner, ST
Held, IM
AF Bender, Morris A.
Knutson, Thomas R.
Tuleya, Robert E.
Sirutis, Joseph J.
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Garner, Stephen T.
Held, Isaac M.
TI Modeled Impact of Anthropogenic Warming on the Frequency of Intense
Atlantic Hurricanes
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VARIABILITY;
SIMULATIONS
AB Several recent models suggest that the frequency of Atlantic tropical cyclones could decrease as the climate warms. However, these models are unable to reproduce storms of category 3 or higher intensity. We explored the influence of future global warming on Atlantic hurricanes with a downscaling strategy by using an operational hurricane-prediction model that produces a realistic distribution of intense hurricane activity for present-day conditions. The model projects nearly a doubling of the frequency of category 4 and 5 storms by the end of the 21st century, despite a decrease in the overall frequency of tropical cyclones, when the downscaling is based on the ensemble mean of 18 global climate-change projections. The largest increase is projected to occur in the Western Atlantic, north of 20 degrees N.
C1 [Bender, Morris A.; Knutson, Thomas R.; Sirutis, Joseph J.; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Garner, Stephen T.; Held, Isaac M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Tuleya, Robert E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA.
RP Bender, MA (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Morris.Bender@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Hamrin, Goran/C-3526-2014
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Hamrin, Goran/0000-0003-4256-2960
FU Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy
FX We wish to thank T. Marchok, R. Stouffer, A. Wittenburg, and three
Science reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions on earlier
versions of the manuscript. We are also grateful to T. Marchok for his
assistance in the preparation of several figures and to S. Sellars for
assistance with some statistical calculations. Special appreciation goes
to the current director of GFDL, V. Ramaswamy, for his support and
encouragement. We thank the CMIP3 modeling groups, the Program for
Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the World
Climate Research Programme's (WCRP) Working Group on Coupled Modelling
(WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP3 multi-model
dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the Office of Science,
U. S. Department of Energy.
NR 22
TC 325
Z9 334
U1 22
U2 146
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 22
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5964
BP 454
EP 458
DI 10.1126/science.1180568
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 546BS
UT WOS:000273783100035
PM 20093471
ER
PT J
AU Tierney, KB
Baldwin, DH
Hara, TJ
Ross, PS
Scholz, NL
Kennedy, CJ
AF Tierney, Keith B.
Baldwin, David H.
Hara, Toshiaki J.
Ross, Peter S.
Scholz, Nathaniel L.
Kennedy, Christopher J.
TI Olfactory toxicity in fishes
SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Olfaction; Fish; Contaminants; Metals; Neurotoxicity; Behavior
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; GOLDFISH
CARASSIUS-AURATUS; CHAR SALVELINUS-ALPINUS; CHEMICAL ALARM CUES; MINNOWS
PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; MEDIATED ENDOCRINE FUNCTION; MEDAKA
ORYZIAS-LATIPES; SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE; PULP-MILL EFFLUENTS
AB Olfaction conveys critical environmental information to fishes, enabling activities such as mating, locating food, discriminating kin, avoiding predators and homing. All of these behaviors can be impaired or lost as a result of exposure to toxic contaminants in surface waters. Historically, teleost olfaction studies have focused on behavioral responses to anthropogenic contaminants (e.g., avoidance). More recently, there has been a shift towards understanding the underlying mechanisms and functional significance of contaminant-mediated changes in fish olfaction. This includes a consideration of how contaminants affect the olfactory nervous system and, by extension, the downstream physiological and behavioral processes that together comprise a normal response to naturally occurring stimuli (e.g., reproductive priming or releasing pheromones). Numerous studies spanning several species have shown that ecologically relevant exposures to common pollutants such as metals and pesticides can interfere with fish olfaction and disrupt life history processes that determine individual survival and reproductive success. This represents one of the pathways by which toxic chemicals in aquatic habitats may increasingly contribute to the decline and at-risk status of many commercially and ecologically important fish stocks. Despite our emerging understanding of the threats that pollution poses for chemical communication in aquatic communities, many research challenges remain. These include: (1) the determination of specific mechanisms of toxicity in the fish olfactory sensory epithelium; (2) an understanding of the impacts of complex chemical mixtures: (3) the capacity to assess olfactory toxicity in fish in situ; (4) the impacts of toxins on olfactory-mediated behaviors that are still poorly understood for many fish species; and (5) the connections between sublethal effects on individual fish and the long-term viability of wild populations. This review summarizes and integrates studies on fish olfaction-contaminant interactions, including metrics ranging from the molecular to the behavioral, and highlights directions for future research. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kennedy, Christopher J.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Tierney, Keith B.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Baldwin, David H.; Scholz, Nathaniel L.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Hara, Toshiaki J.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
[Hara, Toshiaki J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Zool, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Ross, Peter S.] Inst Ocean Sci, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP Kennedy, CJ (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM ckennedy@sfu.ca
RI Tierney, Keith/H-8338-2012; Scholz, Nathaniel/L-1642-2013
OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National
Pesticide Research Fund of Fisheries; Oceans Canada.
FX We thank Alec Maule, Julian Christians, Cathy Laetz and Russell
Nicholson for comments on earlier versions of this review. We also
gratefully acknowledge our funding support from Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada, the National Pesticide Research
Fund of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
NR 165
TC 100
Z9 107
U1 14
U2 116
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-445X
J9 AQUAT TOXICOL
JI Aquat. Toxicol.
PD JAN 21
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 1
BP 2
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.09.019
PG 25
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
GA 558PY
UT WOS:000274758200001
PM 19931199
ER
PT J
AU Tomasi, C
Petkov, B
Stone, RS
Benedetti, E
Vitale, V
Lupi, A
Mazzola, M
Lanconelli, C
Herber, A
von Hoyningen-Huene, W
AF Tomasi, Claudio
Petkov, Boyan
Stone, Robert S.
Benedetti, Elena
Vitale, Vito
Lupi, Angelo
Mazzola, Mauro
Lanconelli, Christian
Herber, Andreas
von Hoyningen-Huene, Wolfgang
TI Characterizing polar atmospheres and their effect on Rayleigh-scattering
optical depth
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Review
ID WATER-VAPOR DISTRIBUTIONS; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; SOUTH-POLE; STRATOSPHERIC
AEROSOLS; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERE; ANTARCTICA; AIR;
TEMPERATURE; TURBIDITY
AB A large set of radiosoundings was analyzed to study the dependence of Rayleigh-scattering optical depth (ROD) on pressure and temperature features of the polar clear-sky atmosphere. This set consists of 1320 radiosoundings, launched throughout the year at six Arctic sites, and of 940 radiosoundings launched at five Antarctic sites. The vertical profiles of pressure, temperature, and relative humidity given by these radiosoundings were corrected for lag errors and dry biases and then completed up to 120 km altitude, using COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere (CIRA) monthly vertical profiles of pressure and temperature, water vapor mixing ratio data derived from various satellite observations, and standard CO2 vertical profile relative to 2007, when the ground-level concentration was 380 ppmv. Calculations of the volume Rayleigh-scattering coefficient were made for all the radiosoundings to study its seasonal variations with height due to pressure and temperature changes occurring in the troposphere and stratosphere. It was found that the surface-level pressure and temperature conditions can account to a large extent for these seasonal effects. Therefore, average spectral evaluations of ROD were made at 88 selected wavelengths from 0.20 to 4.0 mm for all the radiosoundings, subdivided into eight latitude/altitude site classes, representing 70 degrees N, 75 degrees N, 80 degrees N, 70 degrees S, 75 degrees S, 80 degrees S, and 90 degrees S latitudes, for which the average ground values of air pressure p(a) and air temperature T-a were defined. The dependence of ROD on the daily ground-level values of air pressure p(o) and air temperature T-o measured at each site can be accounted for by using an algorithm in which the pressure dependence is given with good approximation by ratio (p(o)/p(a)), and the temperature linear dependence is expressed by the difference (T-a - T-o) multiplied by a spectral slope coefficient k(lambda) which varies by site classification. This algorithm was estimated to provide values of ROD with accuracy within +/- 0.5% at the six sea-level Arctic sites, +/- 0.5% at the three Antarctic coastal sites, and +/- 0.7% at the two Antarctic Plateau sites (Dome C and South Pole). When used to analyze the Sun photometer measurements, the present evaluations of ROD are estimated to provide aerosol optical depth values at visible wavelengths with relative errors of 1%-2% at the Arctic sites, 1%-4% at the coastal Antarctic sites, and 3%-13% at the Antarctic Plateau sites, for background aerosol extinction conditions.
C1 [Tomasi, Claudio; Petkov, Boyan; Vitale, Vito; Lupi, Angelo; Mazzola, Mauro; Lanconelli, Christian] CNR, ISAC, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Benedetti, Elena] CNR, Inst Acoust OM Corbino, ICES Grp, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Herber, Andreas] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Climate Syst Div, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Stone, Robert S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[von Hoyningen-Huene, Wolfgang] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Petkov, Boyan] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy.
[Stone, Robert S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Tomasi, C (reprint author), CNR, ISAC, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
EM c.tomasi@isac.cnr.it
RI Mazzola, Mauro/K-9376-2016;
OI Mazzola, Mauro/0000-0002-8394-2292; Lanconelli,
Christian/0000-0002-9545-1255
FU Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide (PNRA)
FX This research was supported by the Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in
Antartide (PNRA) and developed as a part of subproject 2006/6.01:
"POLAR-AOD: A network to characterize the means, variability, and trends
of the climate-forcing properties of aerosols in polar regions'' planned
as an Italian contribution to the International Polar Year (IPY)
activities. The authors also thank the International Center for
Theoretical Physics (ICTP, Trieste, Italy) for its support of the
participation of B. Petkov in the present work, within the framework of
the Programme for Training and Research in Italian Laboratories.
NR 107
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JAN 21
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D02205
DI 10.1029/2009JD012852
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 547OW
UT WOS:000273899900004
ER
PT J
AU Huang, SL
Hsu, YC
Wu, CM
Lynn, JW
Li, WH
AF Huang, Shir-Ly
Hsu, Yuan-Chang
Wu, Chun-Ming
Lynn, Jeffrey W.
Li, Wen-Hsien
TI Thermal Effects on the Activity and Structural Conformation of Catechol
2,3-Dioxygenase from Pseudomonas putida SH1
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
DIOXYGENASE; CLEAVAGE; METAPYROCATECHASE; PRESSURE; PROTEINS; MT-2
AB A bacterium, Pseudomonas putida SH1, which can catabolize phenol, naphthalene, or cresol as the sole carbon and energy Source, was isolated from a petroleum-contaminated site in Taiwan. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) was purified from this bacterial strain when grown on naphthalene as the sole carbon and energy source. The enzyme is composed of four identical subunits with a native molecular weight of 128 +/- 5 kD. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques were employed to study the thermal effects on the structural conformation of this enzyme in Solution. The SANS measurements revealed distinct changes in the size of the enzyme between 50 and 80 degrees C, and the size was not restored during the subsequent cooling. The enzyme started to denature at 55 degrees C, and the structure was destroyed by the time the temperature reached 80 degrees C, at which the enzyme had become more than twice the original size. The optimal catalytic temperature of the enzyme was it 50 degrees C. The half-life of the activity at this temperature was 45 min. The enzyme activity increases starting from 25 degrees C and reaches its maximum at 50 degrees C, below which no obvious change in the size of the enzyme is found. Noticeable enlargement of the enzyme is revealed when the enzymatic activity starts to fall. By combination of SANS measurement and biochemical properties of the enzyme, this study demonstrates the correlation of enzyme size in solution and catalytic activity upon a heat treatment. In addition, for a protein composed of multiple subunits, the shape of the enzyme and the dissociation of the enzyme subunits in a thermal cycle were also demonstrated by SANS methodology.
C1 [Wu, Chun-Ming; Li, Wen-Hsien] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
[Wu, Chun-Ming; Li, Wen-Hsien] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Neutron Beam Applicat, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
[Lynn, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Huang, Shir-Ly; Hsu, Yuan-Chang] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Life Sci, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
[Huang, Shir-Ly; Hsu, Yuan-Chang] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Biotechnol & Biomed Engn, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
RP Li, WH (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Dept Phys, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
EM whli@phy.ncu.edu.tw
FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 98-2112-M-008-016-MY3, NSC
98-2313-B-008-001-MY3]
FX Identification of commercial equipment in the text is not intended to
imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST. The work at NCU was
supported by grant Nos. NSC 98-2112-M-008-016-MY3 and NSC
98-2313-B-008-001-MY3 from the National Science Council of Taiwan.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JAN 21
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 2
BP 987
EP 992
DI 10.1021/jp9078579
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 541HD
UT WOS:000273405000038
PM 20038148
ER
PT J
AU Douglas, JF
AF Douglas, Jack F.
TI MATERIALS SCIENCE Membrane magic
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID EQUIVALENCE
C1 NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Douglas, JF (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jack.douglas@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 14
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD JAN 21
PY 2010
VL 463
IS 7279
BP 302
EP 303
DI 10.1038/463302a
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 545PM
UT WOS:000273748100028
PM 20090740
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, OR
Parrish, DD
Stohl, A
Trainer, M
Nedelec, P
Thouret, V
Cammas, JP
Oltmans, SJ
Johnson, BJ
Tarasick, D
Leblanc, T
McDermid, IS
Jaffe, D
Gao, R
Stith, J
Ryerson, T
Aikin, K
Campos, T
Weinheimer, A
Avery, MA
AF Cooper, O. R.
Parrish, D. D.
Stohl, A.
Trainer, M.
Nedelec, P.
Thouret, V.
Cammas, J. P.
Oltmans, S. J.
Johnson, B. J.
Tarasick, D.
Leblanc, T.
McDermid, I. S.
Jaffe, D.
Gao, R.
Stith, J.
Ryerson, T.
Aikin, K.
Campos, T.
Weinheimer, A.
Avery, M. A.
TI Increasing springtime ozone mixing ratios in the free troposphere over
western North America
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-TERM CHANGES; SURFACE OZONE; UNITED-STATES; ASIAN EMISSIONS; MOZAIC
PROGRAM; AIRCRAFT; CLIMATOLOGY; TRANSPORT; POLLUTION; TRENDS
AB In the lowermost layer of the atmosphere-the troposphere-ozone is an important source of the hydroxyl radical, an oxidant that breaks down most pollutants and some greenhouse gases(1). High concentrations of tropospheric ozone are toxic, however, and have a detrimental effect on human health and ecosystem productivity(1). Moreover, tropospheric ozone itself acts as an effective greenhouse gas(2). Much of the present tropospheric ozone burden is a consequence of anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors(3) resulting in widespread increases in ozone concentrations since the late 1800s(3-7). At present, east Asia has the fastest-growing ozone precursor emissions(8). Much of the springtime east Asian pollution is exported eastwards towards western North America(9). Despite evidence that the exported Asian pollution produces ozone(10), no previous study has found a significant increase in free tropospheric ozone concentrations above the western USA since measurements began in the late 1970s(5,11,12). Here we compile springtime ozone measurements from many different platforms across western North America. We show a strong increase in springtime ozone mixing ratios during 1995-2008 and we have some additional evidence that a similar rate of increase in ozone mixing ratio has occurred since 1984. We find that the rate of increase in ozone mixing ratio is greatest when measurements are more heavily influenced by direct transport from Asia. Our result agrees with previous modelling studies, which indicate that global ozone concentrations should be increasing during the early part of the twenty-first century as a result of increasing precursor emissions, especially at northern mid-latitudes(13), with western North America being particularly sensitive to rising Asian emissions(14). We suggest that the observed increase in springtime background ozone mixing ratio may hinder the USA's compliance with its ozone air quality standard.
C1 [Cooper, O. R.; Aikin, K.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cooper, O. R.; Parrish, D. D.; Trainer, M.; Oltmans, S. J.; Johnson, B. J.; Gao, R.; Ryerson, T.; Aikin, K.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Stohl, A.] Norwegian Inst Air Res, Dept Reg & Global Pollut Issues, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Nedelec, P.; Thouret, V.; Cammas, J. P.] Observ Midi Pyrenees, CNRS, Lab Aerol, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Tarasick, D.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Expt Studies Res Div, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Leblanc, T.; McDermid, I. S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Table Mt Facil, Wrightwood, CA 92397 USA.
[Jaffe, D.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher & Environm Chem, Bothell, WA 98011 USA.
[Stith, J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Aviat Facil, Broomfield, CO 80021 USA.
[Campos, T.; Weinheimer, A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Avery, M. A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Cooper, OR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM owen.r.cooper@noaa.gov
RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Stohl, Andreas/A-7535-2008; Cooper,
Owen/H-4875-2013; Trainer, Michael/H-5168-2013; Ryerson,
Tom/C-9611-2009; Aikin, Kenneth/I-1973-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; Stohl, Andreas/0000-0002-2524-5755;
Tarasick, David/0000-0001-9869-0692
FU NOAA; European Communities; EADS; National Science Foundation
FX This work was supported in part by NOAA's Climate Goal Program. We
acknowledge the support of MOZAIC by the European Communities, EADS,
Airbus and the airlines (Lufthansa, Austrian, Air France) who have
carried MOZAIC equipment free of charge since 1994. B. Ridley, NCAR
(retired), measured ozone from the NCAR C-130 during TOPSE. G. L.
Gregory, NASA (retired), measured ozone from the Convair CV-990 during
CITE-1C. M. Proffitt, NOAA (retired) measured ozone from the NASA ER2
during STRAT and POLARIS, and measured ozone from the NASA WB57 during
WAM. PACDEX ozone data were provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of
the National Science Foundation (http://data.eol.ucar.edu/). EDGAR
(http://www.mnp.nl/edgar) is a product of the National Institute for
Public Health and the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific
Research and is part of the Global Emissions Inventory Activity of
IGBP/IGAC. Finally we thank R. Dickerson for providing the mean ozone
values for June 1985 and May-June 1986.
NR 30
TC 174
Z9 177
U1 15
U2 118
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD JAN 21
PY 2010
VL 463
IS 7279
BP 344
EP 348
DI 10.1038/nature08708
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 545PM
UT WOS:000273748100041
PM 20090751
ER
PT J
AU Byrne, RH
Mecking, S
Feely, RA
Liu, XW
AF Byrne, Robert H.
Mecking, Sabine
Feely, Richard A.
Liu, Xuewu
TI Direct observations of basin-wide acidification of the North Pacific
Ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEAWATER PH MEASUREMENTS; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; CARBONIC-ACID;
DISSOCIATION; CONSTANTS
AB Global ocean acidification is a prominent, inexorable change associated with rising levels of atmospheric CO2. Here we present the first basin-wide direct observations of recently declining pH, along with estimates of anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic contributions to that signal. Along 152 degrees W in the North Pacific Ocean (22-56 degrees N), pH changes between 1991 and 2006 were essentially zero below about 800 m depth. However, in the upper 500 m, significant pH changes, as large as -0.06, were observed. Anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic contributions over the upper 800 m are estimated to be of similar magnitude. In the surface mixed layer (depths to similar to 100 m), the extent of pH change is consistent with that expected under conditions of seawater/atmosphere equilibration, with an average rate of change of -0.0017/yr. Future mixed layer changes can be expected to closely mirror changes in atmospheric CO2, with surface seawater pH continuing to fall as atmospheric CO2 rises. Citation: Byrne, R. H., S. Mecking, R. A. Feely, and X. Liu (2010), Direct observations of basin-wide acidification of the North Pacific Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L02601, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040999.
C1 [Byrne, Robert H.; Liu, Xuewu] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Feely, Richard A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Mecking, Sabine] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Byrne, RH (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
FU NOAA [NAO40AR4310096, GC04-314]; NSF [OCE-0727082]
FX This work was supported by NOAA grants NAO40AR4310096 and GC04-314
(Climate Program Office) and NSF award OCE-0727082. Assistance with
at-sea pH measurements was provided by T. Clayton (1991) and R. Bell, J.
Schijf, and A. Wang (2006). The comments of J. Sarmiento and an
anonymous reviewer substantially improved this manuscript.
NR 29
TC 103
Z9 105
U1 6
U2 53
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 20
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L02601
DI 10.1029/2009GL040999
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 547OE
UT WOS:000273898100001
ER
PT J
AU Hu, HG
Wang, J
AF Hu, Haoguo
Wang, Jia
TI Modeling effects of tidal and wave mixing on circulation and
thermohaline structures in the Bering Sea: Process studies
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN COUPLED MODEL; SURFACE-LAYER; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; PRIBILOF
ISLANDS; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; CURRENT SYSTEM; NORTH PACIFIC; ICE MODEL;
SHELF; WATER
AB Ocean circulation and the tidal current in the Bering Sea are simulated simultaneously using a coupled ice-ocean model (CIOM) with tidal and parameterized wave mixing to investigate several important physical processes. The simulated circulation pattern in the deep basin is relatively stable, cyclonic, and has little seasonal change. The Bering Slope Current is estimated at 5 Sv and the Kamchatka Current at 20 Sv. The modeled volume transports through the Aleutian passes compared reasonably well with observations. It is confirmed that subtidal clockwise circulation around St. George and St. Paul islands are driven by tidal rectification. The simulation results show that wind-wave mixing and tidal stirring are the main factors controlling the formation of the upper and the bottom mixed layers, respectively. The mechanism of thermocline and the cold pool (summer minimum-temperature water) formation in the middle shelf are investigated in depth. The CIOM reproduces the cold winter-convective water in the middle shelf that forms the bottom cold pool, which persists throughout the summer until sea surface cooling and strong wind mixing in fall, leading to an unstable vertical water column and eventually to vertically well-mixed water in the winter. Sensitivity experiments show that tidal and wind-wave mixing are two important factors in accurately estimating the volume of the cold pool, which is the ideal marine habitat for cold water species.
C1 [Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Hu, Haoguo] Univ Michigan, Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM hghu@umich.edu; jia.wang@noaa.gov
FU IARC/JAMSTEC Cooperative Agreement, University of Alaska Costal Marine
Institute and Minerals Management Service; NOAA Russian-American
Long-Term Census of the Arctic (RUSALCA)
FX Thanks for support from IARC/JAMSTEC Cooperative Agreement, University
of Alaska Costal Marine Institute and Minerals Management Service, and
the NOAA Russian-American Long-Term Census of the Arctic (RUSALCA)
International Polar Year (IPY) modeling project awarded to J.W. We would
like to thank Cathy Darnell and David Schwab for editing a draft of the
paper. We also credit the use of measurement illustrations to P. Stabeno
and J. Overland of NOAA PMEL, published by the Alaska Sea Grant College
Program, and to T. Wyllie-Echeverria, published in her Ph.D. thesis by
the Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks. This is
GLERL contribution 1537.
NR 97
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JAN 19
PY 2010
VL 115
AR C01006
DI 10.1029/2008JC005175
PG 23
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 547QE
UT WOS:000273903400001
ER
PT J
AU Chung, KH
Pratt, JR
Reitsma, MG
AF Chung, Koo-Hyun
Pratt, Jon R.
Reitsma, Mark G.
TI Lateral Force Calibration: Accurate Procedures for Colloidal Probe
Friction Measurements in Atomic Force Microscopy
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SPRING CONSTANT; CANTILEVERS; ADHESION; FILMS; SHEAR; AFM
AB The colloidal probe technique for atomic force microscopy (AFM) has allowed the investigation of ail extensive range of surface force phenomena, including the measurement of frictional (lateral) forces between numerous materials. The quantitative accuracy of such friction measurements is often debated, in part due to a lack of confidence in existing calibration strategies. Here we compare three in situ AFM lateral force calibration techniques using it single colloidal probe, seeking to establish a foundation for quantitative measurement by linking these techniques to accurate force references available at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. We introduce a procedure for calibrating the AFM lateral force response to known electrostatic forces applied directly to the conductive colloidal probe. In it second procedure, we apply known force directly to the colloidal probe using a precalibrated piezo-resistive reference cantilever. We found agreement between these direct methods oil the order of 2% (within random uncertainty for both Measurements). In a third procedure, we performed it displacement-based calibration using the piezo-resistive reference cantilever its a stiffness reference artifact. The method demonstrated agreement on the order of 7% with the direct force methods, with the difference attributed to ail expected. systematic uncertainty, caused by in-plane deflection in the cantilever during loading. The comparison establishes the existing limits of instrument accuracy and sets down a basis for selection criteria for materials and methods in colloidal probe friction (lateral) force measurements via atomic force microscopy.
C1 [Chung, Koo-Hyun; Pratt, Jon R.; Reitsma, Mark G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reitsma, MG (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mark.reitsma@nist.gov
RI Chung, KooHyun/O-3042-2013
OI Chung, KooHyun/0000-0002-9092-6784
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JAN 19
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 2
BP 1386
EP 1394
DI 10.1021/la902488r
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 541GN
UT WOS:000273403400105
PM 19827782
ER
PT J
AU Ranitovic, P
Tong, XM
Gramkow, B
De, S
DePaola, B
Singh, KP
Cao, W
Magrakvelidze, M
Ray, D
Bocharova, I
Mashiko, H
Sandhu, A
Gagnon, E
Murnane, MM
Kapteyn, HC
Litvinyuk, I
Cocke, CL
AF Ranitovic, P.
Tong, X. M.
Gramkow, B.
De, S.
DePaola, B.
Singh, K. P.
Cao, W.
Magrakvelidze, M.
Ray, D.
Bocharova, I.
Mashiko, H.
Sandhu, A.
Gagnon, E.
Murnane, M. M.
Kapteyn, H. C.
Litvinyuk, I.
Cocke, C. L.
TI IR-assisted ionization of helium by attosecond extreme ultraviolet
radiation
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOFT X-RAYS; HARMONIC-GENERATION; PULSES
AB Attosecond science has opened up the possibility of manipulating electrons on their fundamental timescales. Here, we use both theory and experiment to investigate ionization dynamics in helium on the attosecond timescale by simultaneously irradiating the atom with a soft x-ray attosecond pulse train (APT) and an ultrafast laser pulse. Because the APT has resolution in both energy and time, we observe processes that could not be observed without resolution in both domains simultaneously. We show that resonant absorption is important in the excitation of helium and that small changes in energies of harmonics that comprise the APT can result in large changes in the ionization process. With the help of theory, ionization pathways for the infrared-assisted excitation and ionization of helium by extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses have been identified and simple model interpretations have been developed that should be of general applicability to more complex systems (Zewail A 2000 J. Phys. Chem. A 104 5660-94).
C1 [Ranitovic, P.; Gramkow, B.; De, S.; DePaola, B.; Singh, K. P.; Cao, W.; Magrakvelidze, M.; Ray, D.; Bocharova, I.; Mashiko, H.; Litvinyuk, I.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Ranitovic, P.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Tong, X. M.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan.
[Tong, X. M.] Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan.
[Sandhu, A.; Gagnon, E.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H. C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sandhu, A.; Gagnon, E.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sandhu, A.; Gagnon, E.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ranitovic, P (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM predragr@jila.colorado.edu; tong@ims.tsukuba.ac.jp; cocke@phys.ksu.edu
RI Tong, Xiao-Min/A-2748-2011; Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011; ranitovic,
predrag/A-2282-2014; Litvinyuk, Igor/A-5739-2009; cao, wei/D-9643-2015;
DePaola, Brett/I-3533-2013
OI Tong, Xiao-Min/0000-0003-4898-3491; Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317;
Litvinyuk, Igor/0000-0002-4306-1669; DePaola, Brett/0000-0003-3409-671X
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences;
US Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0475]; US Department of Energy; NSF
[0822646]
FX We thank Gerhard Paulus, Brett Esry, A T Lee and C D Lin for useful
discussions. The numerical calculations were carried out by the
T2K-Tsukuba System at the Center for Computational Sciences, University
of Tsukuba. XMT was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(C) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. PR thanks
Jarlath McKenna and Steve Gilbertson for their support during the
data-taking process. This work was supported by the Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
the US Army Research Office, under grant number W911NF-07-1-0475; the US
Department of Energy; and NSF grant number 0822646.
NR 20
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 3
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD JAN 19
PY 2010
VL 12
AR 013008
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/12/1/013008
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 545XL
UT WOS:000273770200001
ER
PT J
AU Chang, DE
Regal, CA
Papp, SB
Wilson, DJ
Ye, J
Painter, O
Kimble, HJ
Zoller, P
AF Chang, D. E.
Regal, C. A.
Papp, S. B.
Wilson, D. J.
Ye, J.
Painter, O.
Kimble, H. J.
Zoller, P.
TI Cavity opto-mechanics using an optically levitated nanosphere
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE entanglement; optical levitation; quantum information
ID QUANTUM-STATE TRANSFER; TRAPPED IONS; MICROSPHERES; INTERFEROMETER;
ENTANGLEMENT; OSCILLATORS; DECOHERENCE; SYSTEMS; MOTION; LIGHT
AB Recently, remarkable advances have been made in coupling a number of high-Q modes of nano-mechanical systems to high-finesse optical cavities, with the goal of reaching regimes in which quantum behavior can be observed and leveraged toward new applications. To reach this regime, the coupling between these systems and their thermal environments must be minimized. Here we propose a novel approach to this problem, in which optically levitating a nano-mechanical system can greatly reduce its thermal contact, while simultaneously eliminating dissipation arising from clamping. Through the long coherence times allowed, this approach potentially opens the door to ground-state cooling and coherent manipulation of a single mesoscopic mechanical system or entanglement generation between spatially separate systems, even in room-temperature environments. As an example, we show that these goals should be achievable when the mechanical mode consists of the center-of-mass motion of a levitated nanosphere.
C1 [Regal, C. A.; Papp, S. B.; Wilson, D. J.; Ye, J.; Kimble, H. J.; Zoller, P.] CALTECH, Norman Bridge Lab Phys 12 33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Chang, D. E.] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Chang, D. E.] CALTECH, Ctr Phys Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Ye, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Painter, O.] CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Zoller, P.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
RP Kimble, HJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Norman Bridge Lab Phys 12 33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM hjkimble@caltech.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Zoller, Peter/O-1639-2014;
OI Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505; Painter, Oskar/0000-0002-1581-9209
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through Caltech's Center for the
Physics of Information; National Science Foundation [PHY-0803371,
PHY-0652914]; Millikan Postdoctoral Fellowship; Moore Fellowship;
Austrian Science Fund; EU; Army Research Office; Northrop Grumman Space
Technology
FX D. C. and S. P. acknowledge support from the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation through Caltech's Center for the Physics of Information, D.
C. from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0803371, C.
R. from a Millikan Postdoctoral Fellowship, and J.Y. and P.Z. from a
Moore Fellowship during their stay at Caltech. Work at Innsbruck is
supported by the Austrian Science Fund and EU Projects. Research of C.
R., S. P., D. W., and H.J.K. is supported by the NSF under Grant No.
PHY-0652914, the Army Research Office, and Northrop Grumman Space
Technology.
NR 47
TC 179
Z9 179
U1 3
U2 38
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JAN 19
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 3
BP 1005
EP 1010
DI 10.1073/pnas.0912969107
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 548BP
UT WOS:000273934100013
PM 20080573
ER
PT J
AU Pomeroy, JM
White, TC
Grube, H
Read, JC
Davies, JE
AF Pomeroy, J. M.
White, T. C.
Grube, H.
Read, J. C.
Davies, J. E.
TI Magnetoresistance based first-order reversal curve analysis of magnetic
tunnel junctions (vol 95, pg 022514, 2009)
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Correction
DE magnetic tunnelling; magnetoresistance
C1 [Pomeroy, J. M.; White, T. C.; Grube, H.; Read, J. C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Davies, J. E.] NVE Corp, Adv Technol Grp, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA.
RP Pomeroy, JM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joshua.pomeroy@nist.gov
RI Davies, Joseph/C-4384-2008
OI Davies, Joseph/0000-0001-5727-2371
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 18
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 3
AR 039901
DI 10.1063/1.3291522
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 547LP
UT WOS:000273890500065
ER
PT J
AU Stumpf, RP
Werdell, PJ
AF Stumpf, Richard P.
Werdell, P. Jeremy
TI Adjustment of ocean color sensor calibration through multi-band
statistics
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-LEAVING RADIANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; VICARIOUS CALIBRATION;
IMAGING SPECTROMETER; SEAWIFS IMAGERY; FLUORESCENCE; REFLECTANCE;
ALGORITHMS; SCATTERING; BLOOMS
AB The band-by-band vicarious calibration of on-orbit satellite ocean color instruments, such as SeaWiFS and MODIS, using ground-based measurements has significant residual uncertainties. This paper applies spectral shape and population statistics to tune the calibration of the blue bands against each other to allow examination of the interband calibration and potentially provide an analysis of calibration trends. This adjustment does not require simultaneous matches of ground and satellite observations. The method demonstrates the spectral stability of the SeaWiFS calibration and identifies a drift in the MODIS instrument onboard Aqua that falls within its current calibration uncertainties. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Stumpf, Richard P.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Werdell, P. Jeremy] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Stumpf, RP (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, 1305 EW Highway N-SCI1, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM richard.stumpf@noaa.gov
RI Werdell, Jeremy/D-8265-2012
FU NASA MODIS Science Team; NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program
[NRA-03-OES-02, NNH04-AB40I]; NOAA Integrated Program Office Project
FX We thank members of the NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group for their
valuable comments and members of the MOBY Operations Team for access to
MOBY data. Funding support was provided through the NASA MODIS Science
Team, the NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program, NRA-03-OES-02,
project NNH04-AB40I, and the NOAA Integrated Program Office Project,
"Assuring Ocean Color Product Consistency of NPOESS". Initial
computations were made by Kip Desch.
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JAN 18
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 2
BP 401
EP 412
DI 10.1364/OE.18.000401
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 547BP
UT WOS:000273860400002
PM 20173860
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, MJ
Baek, B
Dauler, EA
Kerman, AJ
Molnar, RJ
Hamilton, SA
Berggren, KK
Mirin, RP
Nam, SW
AF Stevens, Martin J.
Baek, Burm
Dauler, Eric A.
Kerman, Andrew J.
Molnar, Richard J.
Hamilton, Scott A.
Berggren, Karl K.
Mirin, Richard P.
Nam, Sae Woo
TI High-order temporal coherences of chaotic and laser light
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-PHOTON DETECTORS;
SEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITY; THRESHOLD
AB We demonstrate a new approach to measuring high-order temporal coherences that uses a four-element superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. The four independent, interleaved single-photon-sensitive elements parse a single spatial mode of an optical beam over dimensions smaller than the minimum diffraction-limited spot size. Integrating this device with four-channel time-tagging electronics to generate multi-start, multi-stop histograms enables measurement of temporal coherences up to fourth order for a continuous range of all associated time delays. We observe high-order photon bunching from a chaotic, pseudo-thermal light source, measuring maximum third-and fourth-order coherence values of 5.87 +/- 0.17 and 23.1 +/- 1.8, respectively, in agreement with the theoretically predicted values of 3! = 6 and 4! = 24. Laser light, by contrast, is confirmed to have coherence values of approximately 1 for second, third and fourth orders at all time delays. 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Stevens, Martin J.; Baek, Burm; Mirin, Richard P.; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dauler, Eric A.; Berggren, Karl K.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Dauler, Eric A.; Kerman, Andrew J.; Molnar, Richard J.; Hamilton, Scott A.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
RP Stevens, MJ (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM marty@nist.gov
OI Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
FU United States Air Force [FA8721-05-C-0002]
FX The authors thank S. Glancy for discussions. This work made use of the
Scanning Electron Beam Lithography facility in the Research Laboratory
of Electronics at MIT and was sponsored in part by the United States Air
Force under Air Force Contract #FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions,
interpretations, recommendations and conclusions are those of the
authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States
Government.
NR 28
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 24
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JAN 18
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 2
BP 1430
EP 1437
DI 10.1364/OE.18.001430
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 547BP
UT WOS:000273860400112
PM 20173970
ER
PT J
AU Onuma, TA
Makino, K
Katsumata, H
Beckman, BR
Ban, M
Ando, H
Fukuwaka, M
Azumaya, T
Swanson, P
Urano, A
AF Onuma, Takeshi A.
Makino, Keita
Katsumata, Hiroshi
Beckman, Brian R.
Ban, Masatoshi
Ando, Hironori
Fukuwaka, Masa-aki
Azumaya, Tomonori
Swanson, Penny
Urano, Akihisa
TI Changes in the plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-I from the
onset of spawning migration through upstream migration in chum salmon
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Spawning migration; Chum salmon; Growth; IGF-I; Liver; Gonad;
Gonadotropin; Androgen; Estrogen; Pituitary-gonadal axis
ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; SEX STEROID-HORMONES;
HORMONE/PROLACTIN/SOMATOLACTIN FAMILY HORMONES;
GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; SPRING CHINOOK SALMON; MASU SALMON;
PITUITARY-CELLS; IGF-I; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; EXPRESSION
AB An increase in activity of the pituitary-gonadal axis (PG-axis) and gonadal development are essential for the onset of spawning migration of chum salmon from the Bering Sea. In the Bering Sea, fish with larger body sizes initiated gonadal development and commenced spawning migration to the natal river by the end Of Summer. We thus hypothesized that insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), a somatotropic signal that interacts with the PG-axis, can be one of such factors responsible for the onset of migration, and examined changes in plasma levels and hepatic expression of IGF-I gene in oceanic and homing chum salmon in 2001-2003. The plasma IGF-I levels and corresponding body sizes in maturing adults, which had developing gonads, were significantly higher than those in immature fish in all years examined. Such increase in the plasma IGF-I levels in maturing fish was observed even in the Gulf of Alaska during February 2006, while coincident increase was not observed in the hepatic amounts of IGF-I mRNA. In autumn, the plasma IGF-I levels in homing adults decreased during upstream migration in the Ishikari River-Ishikari bay water system in Hokkaido, Japan. In conclusion, the plasma IGF-I levels increased with gonadal development when chum salmon migrated from the winter Gulf of Alaska to the summer Bering Sea. Circulating IGF-I may interact with the PG-axis and promote gonadal development that is inseparable from the onset of spawning migration. Circulating IGF-I levels were thereafter lowered in accordance with final maturation during upstream migration in the breeding season. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Onuma, Takeshi A.; Ando, Hironori] Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Bioresource & Bioenvironm Sci, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan.
[Onuma, Takeshi A.; Makino, Keita; Katsumata, Hiroshi; Urano, Akihisa] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Sect Biol Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan.
[Beckman, Brian R.; Swanson, Penny] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 99164 USA.
[Ban, Masatoshi] Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Salmon Resources Ctr, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0620922, Japan.
[Fukuwaka, Masa-aki; Azumaya, Tomonori] Fisheries Res Agcy, Hokkaido Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Kushiro, Hokkaido 0850802, Japan.
RP Onuma, TA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, 830 N Univ, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM takeshikiai@msn.com
RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016
FU Fisheries Agency; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology, Japan; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science for
Young Scientists [200409104, 200609320]; Fisheries Agency of Japan
FX The authors thank our colleagues in Hokkaido University, Northwest
Fisheries Science Center, Mr. H. Aihara (Atsuta fisherman's cooperative
association) and crews of R/V Wakatake-maru and Kaiyo-maru for their
help in sampling of chum salmon. We appreciate Kathleen A. Cooper
(Northwest Fisheries Science Center) for guidance of IGF-I
radioimmunoassay. The present study was supported in part by the
Grants-in-Aid from the Fisheries Agency and the Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. T.A.O. was supported by
a research fellowship from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of
Science for Young Scientists (No. 200409104 and 200609320). Ocean
researches were supported in part by the Promotion Program for
International Resources Surveys from the Fisheries Agency of Japan.
NR 27
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD JAN 15
PY 2010
VL 165
IS 2
BP 237
EP 243
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.07.005
PG 7
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 542TD
UT WOS:000273517500008
PM 19595688
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, MB
Eastin, B
Caves, CM
AF Elliott, Matthew B.
Eastin, Bryan
Caves, Carlton M.
TI Graphical description of Pauli measurements on stabilizer states
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
LA English
DT Article
AB We use a graphical representation of stabilizer states to describe, simply and efficiently, the effect of measurements of Pauli products on stabilizer states. This work complements our earlier work (2008 Phys. Rev. A 77 042307), which described in graphical terms the action of Clifford operations on stabilizer states.
C1 [Elliott, Matthew B.; Caves, Carlton M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Eastin, Bryan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Caves, Carlton M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Phys Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4066, Australia.
RP Elliott, MB (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, MSC07-4220, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM mabellio@gmail.com
RI Caves, Carlton/K-8167-2014
OI Caves, Carlton/0000-0001-8876-1186
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8113
J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR
JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor.
PD JAN 15
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 2
AR 025301
DI 10.1088/1751-8113/43/2/025301
PG 11
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 534LY
UT WOS:000272899800009
ER
PT J
AU Gardner, JS
Kam, KC
Ehlers, G
AF Gardner, J. S.
Kam, K. C.
Ehlers, G.
TI New relaxation processes in diluted Ho2Ti2O7
SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
DE Spin-ice; Magnetic frustration; Neutron-spin-echo
ID HOT SPIN ICE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; DYNAMICS; HO2RU2O7; Y2MO2O7
AB We have studied the spin relaxation in diluted spin ice Ho2-xRxTi2O7 (R La or Y) by means of neutron scattering. Remarkably, doping with nonmagnetic ions does not relieve the geometrical frustration and the dynamics of the freezing is unaltered whilst the cubic unit cell is maintained. When the nonmagnetic substitution starts to distort the lattice, a new relaxation process is revealed. We present new data from several diluted spin ice samples where Arrhenius behaviour observed in the parent compound, Ho2Ti2O7 is superseded by other processes including a quantum tunnelling process. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gardner, J. S.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Gardner, J. S.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kam, K. C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Ehlers, G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Gardner, JS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, 2401 Milo B Sampson Lane, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
EM jsg@nist.gov
RI Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008
OI Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX We thank our collaborators in Refs. [18,20] for their role in this
ongoing study. We acknowledge useful discussions with M.J.P. Gingras,
S.T. Bramwell, T. Fennell, J. Greedan, B.D. Gaulin. Support for this
work was provided through ORNL/SNS which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC,
for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-000R22725 and
the Centre for High Resolution Neutron Scattering at NIST by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4526
J9 PHYSICA B
JI Physica B
PD JAN 15
PY 2010
VL 405
IS 2
BP 774
EP 777
DI 10.1016/j.physb.2009.09.104
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 537DA
UT WOS:000273091900051
ER
PT J
AU Krauss, M
Schneider, HC
Bratschitsch, R
Chen, Z
Cundiff, ST
AF Krauss, M.
Schneider, H. C.
Bratschitsch, R.
Chen, Z.
Cundiff, S. T.
TI Ultrafast spin dynamics in optically excited bulk GaAs at low
temperatures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRONS; RELAXATION
AB This paper presents a study of electron spin dynamics in bulk GaAs at low temperatures for elevated optical excitation conditions. Our time-resolved Faraday rotation measurements yield subnanosecond electron spin-dephasing times over a wide range of n-doping concentrations in quantitative agreement with a microscopic treatment of electron spin dynamics. The calculation shows the occurrence and breakdown of motional narrowing for spin dephasing under elevated excitation conditions. We also find a peak of the spin-dephasing time around a doping density for which, under lower excitation conditions, a metal-insulator transition occurs. However, the experimental results for high excitation can be explained without a metal-insulator transition. We therefore attribute the peak in spin-dephasing times to the influence of screening and scattering on the spin dynamics of the excited electrons.
C1 [Krauss, M.; Schneider, H. C.] Univ Kaiserslautern, Dept Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Krauss, M.; Schneider, H. C.] Univ Kaiserslautern, Res Ctr OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Bratschitsch, R.; Chen, Z.; Cundiff, S. T.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80390 USA.
[Bratschitsch, R.; Chen, Z.; Cundiff, S. T.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80390 USA.
RP Krauss, M (reprint author), Univ Kaiserslautern, Dept Phys, POB 3049, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009; Schneider, Hans Christian/B-9450-2009;
Bratschitsch, Rudolf/C-9027-2009
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Schneider, Hans
Christian/0000-0001-7656-4919; Bratschitsch, Rudolf/0000-0002-2368-2548
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [792]
FX A grant for CPU time from the NIC Julich is gratefully acknowledged. We
thank the Graduiertenkolleg 792 of the German Science Foundation (DFG)
for financial support, and Ming-Wei Wu for helpful discussions.
NR 35
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JAN 15
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 3
AR 035213
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.035213
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 600FU
UT WOS:000277970900005
ER
PT J
AU Relph, RA
Guasco, TL
Elliott, BM
Kamrath, MZ
McCoy, AB
Steele, RP
Schofield, DP
Jordan, KD
Viggiano, AA
Ferguson, EE
Johnson, MA
AF Relph, Rachael A.
Guasco, Timothy L.
Elliott, Ben M.
Kamrath, Michael Z.
McCoy, Anne B.
Steele, Ryan P.
Schofield, Daniel P.
Jordan, Kenneth D.
Viggiano, Albert A.
Ferguson, Eldon E.
Johnson, Mark A.
TI How the Shape of an H-Bonded Network Controls Proton-Coupled Water
Activation in HONO Formation
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; NITROUS-ACID FORMATION; CLUSTER IONS;
INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; BASIS-SETS; NO+(H2O)(N); MECHANISM; SINGLES; CCSD
AB Many chemical reactions in atmospheric aerosols and bulk aqueous environments are influenced by the surrounding solvation shell, but the precise molecular interactions underlying such effects have rarely been elucidated. We exploited recent advances in isomer-specific cluster vibrational spectroscopy to explore the fundamental relation between the hydrogen (H)-bonding arrangement of a set of ion-solvating water molecules and the chemical activity of this ensemble. We find that the extent to which the nitrosonium ion (NO(+)) and water form nitrous acid (HONO) and a hydrated proton cluster in the critical trihydrate depends sensitively on the geometrical arrangement of the water molecules in the network. Theoretical analysis of these data details the role of the water network in promoting charge delocalization.
C1 [Relph, Rachael A.; Guasco, Timothy L.; Elliott, Ben M.; Kamrath, Michael Z.; Steele, Ryan P.; Johnson, Mark A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[McCoy, Anne B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Schofield, Daniel P.; Jordan, Kenneth D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Viggiano, Albert A.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Ferguson, Eldon E.] NOAA, Climate Monitoring & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Johnson, MA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem, POB 208107, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM mark.johnson@yale.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA-9550-09-1-0139, 2303EP]; NSF
[CHE-0616198, CHE-0911199, CHE-0809457, CHE-0615882, OISE-0730114,
CHE-0515627/CHE-0848242]; New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science
and Technology
FX M. A. J. thanks the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant
FA-9550-09-1-0139). We also thank the NSF for support under grants
CHE-0616198 and CHE-0911199 (M. A. J.), CHE-0809457 (K. D. J.),
CHE-0615882 and OISE-0730114 (R. P. S.), and CHE-0515627/CHE-0848242 (A.
B. M.). D. P. S. thanks the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science
and Technology for funding, and A. A. V. thanks the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research under project 2303EP.
NR 26
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 5
U2 61
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JAN 15
PY 2010
VL 327
IS 5963
BP 308
EP 312
DI 10.1126/science.1177118
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 544CM
UT WOS:000273629700036
PM 20075247
ER
PT J
AU Wahl, ER
Anderson, DM
Bauer, BA
Buckner, R
Gille, EP
Gross, WS
Hartman, M
Shah, A
AF Wahl, E. R.
Anderson, D. M.
Bauer, B. A.
Buckner, R.
Gille, E. P.
Gross, W. S.
Hartman, M.
Shah, A.
TI An archive of high-resolution temperature reconstructions over the past
2+millennia
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature; climate change; reconstruction; last millennium
ID CLIMATE; MILLENNIUM
AB High-resolution temperature reconstructions (typically annually to seasonally resolved) have played a key role in understanding paleoclimate immediately prior to the beginning of the instrumental record, especially when calibrated to form an extension of comparable instrumental data coverage (global, hemispheric, and regional). Such calibration allows the information in the instrumental record to be quantitatively extended backward in time in an objective way, enabling description of much longer term fluctuations in climate than possible with instrumental data alone, although with significantly increased uncertainties inherent in proxy-based reconstructions. This data brief describes a newly integrated archive of nearly all the high-resolution temperature reconstructions of the past 2+ millennia included in NOAA's National Climatic Data Center, from small-regional to global scale, which also have been recalibrated to a standard set of instrumental data. Examination of the spectral structure of the data is additionally provided.
C1 [Wahl, E. R.; Anderson, D. M.; Bauer, B. A.; Buckner, R.; Gille, E. P.; Gross, W. S.; Hartman, M.; Shah, A.] NOAA, World Data Ctr Paleoclimatol, Paleoclimatol Branch, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wahl, ER (reprint author), NOAA, World Data Ctr Paleoclimatol, Paleoclimatol Branch, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM eugene.r.wahl@noaa.gov
RI anderson, david/E-6416-2011
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD JAN 14
PY 2010
VL 11
AR Q01001
DI 10.1029/2009GC002817
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 553VU
UT WOS:000274395700001
ER
PT J
AU Turner, DL
Li, XL
Reeves, GD
Singer, HJ
AF Turner, Drew L.
Li, Xinlin
Reeves, Geoff D.
Singer, Howard J.
TI On phase space density radial gradients of Earth's outer-belt electrons
prior to sudden solar wind pressure enhancements: Results from
distinctive events and a superposed epoch analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WHISTLER-MODE CHORUS; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; MAGNETIC STORMS;
GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; RESONANT DIFFUSION; MARCH 24;
ACCELERATION; ENERGIZATION; SIMULATION
AB Here, we present the results of a study of phase space density radial gradients for outer-belt electrons at and beyond geosynchronous orbit prior to 86 sudden solar wind pressure enhancements from 1993 through 2007. All of the events are classified and analyzed based on the results for equatorial electrons with first adiabatic invariants of 50, 200, 750, and 2000 MeV/G. Examples of three distinctive events are compared, and the results from a superposed epoch analysis are presented. We find that the radial gradients are dependent on the first adiabatic invariant (i.e., energy), and that for the majority of cases, the gradient is negative for electrons with energies above a couple of hundred keV, while it is either positive or relatively flat for electrons with energies lower than this, which is evidence of two distinct populations. In the cases where a positive gradient is observed for 2000 MeV/G electrons, the solar wind and geomagnetic conditions are very quiet for at least two days prior to the event, but for the events when the gradient for the same electrons is negative, there is a consistent evidence of enhanced substorm activity and/or convection in the days leading up to the events. Overall, this study puts previous observations of phase space density (PSD) gradients into a broader context of solar wind and geomagnetic conditions, while encompassing a broad range of energies, from the source population of tens to hundreds of keV electrons to relativistic electrons with energies exceeding 1 MeV. We discuss how 41 of the 86 events are consistent with and can be explained by local heating by wave-particle interactions, and we provide evidence of the solar wind and geomagnetic conditions that are important to different types of sources of outer-belt electron PSD.
C1 [Turner, Drew L.; Li, Xinlin] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Turner, Drew L.; Li, Xinlin] Chinese Acad Sci, Lab Space Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Turner, Drew L.; Li, Xinlin] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Reeves, Geoff D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Singer, Howard J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Turner, DL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, 1234 Innovat Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM drew.lawson.turner@gmail.com
RI Turner, Drew/G-3224-2012; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011
OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098
FU NSF [ATM-0549093, ATM-0902813]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [40621003, 40728005]
FX We would like to thank James McCollough, Weichao Tu, and Edward Burin
des Roziers for useful insight and discussions. We are also very
grateful to theWorld Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, Japan, the
Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb), and the LANL energetic particles
team for their online data access. This work was supported by NSF grants
(ATM-0549093 and ATM-0902813) and also by grants from the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (40621003 and 40728005).
NR 48
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JAN 14
PY 2010
VL 115
AR A01205
DI 10.1029/2009JA014423
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 545LE
UT WOS:000273732800002
ER
PT J
AU Villano, SM
Eyet, N
Wren, SW
Ellison, GB
Bierbaum, VM
Lineberger, WC
AF Villano, Stephanie M.
Eyet, Nicole
Wren, Scott W.
Ellison, G. Barney
Bierbaum, Veronica M.
Lineberger, W. Carl
TI Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Thermochemistry of the Peroxyformate
Anion
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-PHASE ACIDITY; NEGATIVE-ION; AB-INITIO; ALKYL HYDROPEROXIDES;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; PEROXYL RADICALS;
MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; FORMYL RADICALS; DIPOLE-MOMENT
AB The 351.1 nm photoelectron spectrum of the peroxyformate anion has been measured. The photoelectron spectrum displays vibronic features in both the (X) over tilde (2)A '' ground and (A) over tilde (2)A' first excited states of the corresponding radical. Franck-Condon simulations of the spectrum show that the ion is formed exclusively in the trans-conformation. The electron affinity (EA) of the peroxyformyl radical was determined to be 2.493 +/- 0.006 eV, while the term energy splitting was found to be 0.783(-0.020)(+0.060) eV. Extended progressions in the C-OO (973 +/- 20 cm(-1)) and O-O (1098 +/- 20 cm(-1)) stretching modes are observed in the ground state of the radical. The fundamental frequency of the in-plane OCO bend was found to be 574 +/- 35 cm(-1). The gas-phase acidity of peroxyformic acid has been determined using an ion-molecule bracketing technique. On the basis of the size of the trans- to cis- isomerization barrier, the measured acidity was assigned to the higher energy trans-conformer of the acid. The gas-phase acidity of the lower energy cis-conformer of peroxyformic acid was found from the measured acidity for the trans-form and a calculated energy correction: Delta(a)G(298)(cis-peroxyformic acid) = 346.8 +/- 3.3 kcal mol(-1) and Delta(a)H(298)(cis-peroxyformic acid) = 354.4 +/- 3.3 kcal mol(-1). Using a negative ion EA/acidity thermochemical cycle, the O-H bond dissociation energy (D(0)) values of the trans- and cis-conformers of peroxyformic acid to form the trans-radical were determined to be 94.0 +/- 3.3 and 97.1 +/- 3.3 kcal mol(-1), respectively. The heat of formation (Delta(f)H(298)) of the trans-peroxyformyl radical was found to be -22.8 +/- 3.5 kcal mol(-1).
C1 [Bierbaum, Veronica M.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bierbaum, VM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM veronica.bierbaum@colorado.edu; wcl@jila.colorado.edu
FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0046]; NSF [CHE0809391, PHY0551010, CHE-0647088,
CHE-0848606]; DOE [DE-FG02-93ER14364]
FX We are grateful to Prof. John F. Stanton, Prof. Kent M. Ervin, and Prof.
Charles H. DePuy for helpful discussions and suggestions. Additionally,
we acknowledge Ms. Kristen M. Volgelhuber for assisting in the
photoelectron spectroscopy experiments. This work is supported by the
AFOSR (FA9550-09-1-0046). In addition, W.C.L. acknowledges support from
NSF (CHE0809391 and PHY0551010), V.M.B. acknowledges NSF (CHE-0647088),
and G.B.E. acknowledges support from the DOE (DE-FG02-93ER14364) and
from NSF (CHE-0848606). The computational results are based upon work
supported by the National Science Foundation under the following NSF
programs: Partnerships for Advanced Computational Infrastructure,
Distributed Terascale Facility (DTF), and Terascale Extensions:
Enhancements to the Extensible Terascale Facility.
NR 64
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JAN 14
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 1
BP 191
EP 200
DI 10.1021/jp907569w
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 539PP
UT WOS:000273268900024
PM 19827803
ER
PT J
AU Marchuk, O
Ralchenko, Y
Janev, RK
Biel, W
Delabie, E
Urnov, AM
AF Marchuk, O.
Ralchenko, Yu
Janev, R. K.
Biel, W.
Delabie, E.
Urnov, A. M.
TI Collisional excitation and emission of H-alpha Stark multiplet in fusion
plasmas
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITED-STATES; HYDROGEN; ATOMS; IMPACT; SPECTRUM; IONS
AB We study the excitation of parabolic Stark states in hydrogen atoms by collisions with fast ions. It is shown that excitation cross sections are very sensitive to the angle between the electric field and the projectile velocity. The calculated collisional data are implemented in a newly developed collisional-radiative model involving parabolic quantum states of hydrogen. Our simulations are shown to explain the frequently observed non-statistical behaviour of the H-alpha component intensities under typical conditions of a motional Stark effect (MSE). A good agreement with the MSE data from the Joint European Torus (JET) for emission of the sigma and pi components (Mandl et al 1993 Plasma Phys. Control Fusion 35 1373) is obtained for the first time.
C1 [Marchuk, O.; Janev, R. K.; Biel, W.] Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Inst Energieforsch Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Ralchenko, Yu] NIST, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Delabie, E.] EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
[Urnov, A. M.] RAS, PN Lebedev Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Urnov, A. M.] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudnyi 141700, Moscow Region, Russia.
RP Marchuk, O (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Inst Energieforsch Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/B-7687-2011; Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy;
Department of Physical Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences
FX We would like to thank L A Vainshtein and I L Beigman for useful
discussion and critical comments. OM is grateful to the members of the
Atomic Spectroscopy Group at NIST for their hospitality. The work of YR
is supported in part by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US
Department of Energy. The work of AU is supported by the program of the
Department of Physical Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD JAN 14
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 1
AR 011002
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/43/1/011002
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 532ZO
UT WOS:000272790900002
ER
PT J
AU Manson, JL
Lancaster, T
Blundell, SJ
Qiu, YM
Singleton, J
Sengupta, P
Pratt, FL
Kang, J
Lee, C
Whangbo, MH
AF Manson, Jamie L.
Lancaster, Tom
Blundell, Stephen J.
Qiu, Yiming
Singleton, John
Sengupta, Pinaki
Pratt, Francis L.
Kang, Jinhee
Lee, Changhoon
Whangbo, Myung-Hwan
TI Spin fluctuations and orbital ordering in quasi-one-dimensional
alpha-Cu(dca)(2)(pyz) {dca = dicyanamide = N(CN)(2)(-); pyz = pyrazine},
a molecular analogue of KCuF3
SO POLYHEDRON
LA English
DT Article
DE Low-dimensional; Copper; Dicyanamide; Pyrazine; Molecular magnet
ID 1-D COORDINATION POLYMERS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; THEORETICAL
CHARACTERIZATION; HEISENBERG ANTIFERROMAGNETS; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS;
STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
ANTI-FERROMAGNET; 3-D NETWORK
AB The magnetic properties of alpha-Cu(dca)(2)(pyz) were examined by magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, inelastic neutron scattering (INS), muon-spin relaxation (mu SR) measurements and by first-principles density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations and quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations. The chi versus T Curve shows a broad maximum at 3.5 K, and the data between 2 and 300 K is well described by an S = 1/2 Heisenberg uniform chain model with g = 2.152(1) and J/k(B) = -5.4(l) K. mu SR measurements, conducted down to 0.02 K and as a function of longitudinal magnetic field, show no oscillations in the muon asymmetry function A(t). This evidence, together with the lack of spin wave formation as gleaned from INS data, suggests that no long-range magnetic order takes place in alpha-Cu(dca)(2)(pyz) down to the lowest measured temperatures. Electronic structure Calculations further show that the spin exchange is significant only along the Cu-pyz-Cu chains, such that alpha-Cu(dca)(2)(pyz) call be described by a Heisenberg anti-ferromagnetic chain model. Further Support for this comes from the M versus B curve, which is strongly concave owing to the reduced spin dimensionality. alpha-Cu(dca)(2)(pyz) is a molecular analogue of KCuF3 owing to d(x2-y2) orbital ordering where nearest-neighbor magnetic orbital planes of the Cu2+ sites are orthogonal in the planes perpendicular to the Cu-pyz-Cu chains. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manson, Jamie L.] Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA.
[Lancaster, Tom; Blundell, Stephen J.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Qiu, Yiming] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qiu, Yiming] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Singleton, John; Sengupta, Pinaki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Sengupta, Pinaki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Pratt, Francis L.] ISIS Pulsed Muon Facil, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Kang, Jinhee; Lee, Changhoon; Whangbo, Myung-Hwan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Manson, JL (reprint author), Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA.
EM jmanson@ewu.edu
RI Sengupta, Pinaki/B-6999-2011
FU Research Corporation; U.S. DoE [DE-FG02-86ER45259]; National Energy
Research Scientific Computing Center; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0454672]; EPSRC
FX The work at EWU was Supported by an award from the Research Corporation.
Work at NCSU was Supported by the U.S. DoE Under Grant No.
DE-FG02-86ER45259 and by the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center. Work at NCNR was supported, in part, by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672. A portion of this
work was performed at the Swiss Muon Source, Paul Scherrer Institute,
Villigen, Switzerland. We are grateful to Chris Baines and Hubertus
Leutkens for technical assistance. This work was also supported in part
by the EPSRC.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-5387
J9 POLYHEDRON
JI Polyhedron
PD JAN 13
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 1
SI SI
BP 514
EP 520
DI 10.1016/j.poly.2009.06.063
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 551JO
UT WOS:000274204300072
ER
PT J
AU Egleston, ES
Sabine, CL
Morel, FMM
AF Egleston, Eric S.
Sabine, Christopher L.
Morel, Francois M. M.
TI Revelle revisited: Buffer factors that quantify the response of ocean
chemistry to changes in DIC and alkalinity
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; PACIFIC-OCEAN;
GROWTH; PHYTOPLANKTON; SURFACE; SYSTEM; IMPACT; CACO3
AB We derive explicit expressions of the Revelle factor and several other buffer factors of interest to climate change scientists and those studying ocean acidification. These buffer factors quantify the sensitivity of CO(2) and H(+) concentrations ([CO(2)] and [H(+)]) and CaCO(3) saturation (Omega) to changes in dissolved inorganic carbon concentration (DIC) and alkalinity (Alk). The explicit expressions of these buffer factors provide a convenient means to compare the degree of buffering of [CO(2)], [H(+)], and Omega in different regions of the oceans and at different times in the future and to gain insight into the buffering mechanisms. All six buffer factors have roughly similar values, and all reach an absolute minimum when DIC = Alk (pH similar to 7.5). Surface maps of the buffer factors generally show stronger buffering capacity in the subtropical gyres relative to the polar regions. As the dissolution of anthropogenic CO(2) increases the DIC of surface seawater over the next century, all the buffer factors will decrease, resulting in a much greater sensitivity to local variations in DIC and Alk. For example, diurnal and seasonal variations in pH and Omega caused by photosynthesis and respiration will be greatly amplified. Buffer factors provide convenient means to quantify the effect that changes in DIC and Alk have on seawater chemistry. They should also help illuminate the role that various physical and biological processes have in determining the oceanic response to an increase in atmospheric CO(2).
C1 [Egleston, Eric S.; Morel, Francois M. M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Egleston, ES (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM morel@princeton.edu
FU NSF; Princeton Environmental Institute
FX We thank Daniel Sigman and Peter Difiore for insightful discussions.
Funding was provided by NSF and by a grant from the Princeton
Environmental Institute. This is PMEL contribution 3260.
NR 31
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 7
U2 44
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD JAN 12
PY 2010
VL 24
AR GB1002
DI 10.1029/2008GB003407
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 545JP
UT WOS:000273728600001
ER
PT J
AU Stein, GE
Liddle, JA
Aquila, AL
Gullikson, EM
AF Stein, Gila E.
Liddle, J. Alexander
Aquila, Andrew L.
Gullikson, Eric M.
TI Measuring the Structure of Epitaxially Assembled Block Copolymer Domains
with Soft X-ray Diffraction
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID SYMMETRIC DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; THIN-FILMS; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE);
POLYMER/POLYMER INTERFACES; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; INTERACTION
PARAMETER; CHAIN DIMENSIONS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; SCATTERING; POLYSTYRENE
AB The size, shape, and interface Structure of poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) block copolymer domains assembled oil ail epitaxial template are characterized with soft X-ray diffraction, The domain size and shape are deformed when the dimensions of the epitaxial template are incommensurate with the equilibrium dimensions of the block copolymer, producing sidewall angles in the range of 1-2 degrees (+/- 0.2 degrees). The average width of the copolymer interface is (4.9 +/- 0.1) nm. Comparison with mean-field theoretic predictions for the Structure of block copolymer interfaces Suggests a low-frequency variance in the copolymer interface position of 1.2 nm(2), or a low-frequency line-edge roughness of approximately 3 nm.
C1 [Aquila, Andrew L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gullikson, Eric M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Stein, Gila E.; Liddle, J. Alexander] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stein, GE (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
EM gestein@uh.edu
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Stein, Gila/P-1927-2016
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Stein, Gila/0000-0002-3973-4496
FU NRC-NIST Posdoctoral Fellowship Program; Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX G.E.S acknowledges the NRC-NIST Posdoctoral Fellowship Program for
financial support. The Advanced Light Source is Supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Research
was performed in part tit the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology. We thank A. W. Bosse, W. L. Wit, C. Q. Wang. and E. J.
Kramer for helpful discussions, J. B. Kortright for providing PS and
PMMA optical constants, and S. J. Weigand for SAXS measurements (not
shown).
NR 42
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JAN 12
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 1
BP 433
EP 441
DI 10.1021/ma901914b
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 539PO
UT WOS:000273268700057
ER
PT J
AU Levine, LE
AF Levine, L. E.
TI Comment on "Mechanical heterogeneity and mechanism of plasticity in
metallic glasses" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 031904 (2009)]
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE aluminium alloys; copper alloys; hardness; metallic glasses; nickel
alloys; plasticity; zirconium alloys
C1 NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Levine, LE (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lyle.levine@nist.gov
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 11
PY 2010
VL 96
IS 2
AR 026101
DI 10.1063/1.3271674
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 544WD
UT WOS:000273689400072
ER
PT J
AU Outcalt, SL
Laesecke, A
Fortin, TJ
AF Outcalt, Stephanie L.
Laesecke, Arno
Fortin, Tara J.
TI Density and speed of sound measurements of 1-and 2-butanol
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adiabatic compressibility; Biofuels; 1-butanol; 2-butanol; Compressed
liquid; Density; Speed of sound
ID PLUS N-HEXANE; EXCESS MOLAR VOLUMES; CONSTITUENT BINARY-MIXTURES; RANGE
298.15-308.15 K; TEMPERATURE 298.15 K; ISENTROPIC COMPRESSIBILITIES;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; RELATIVE PERMITTIVITIES; DYNAMIC VISCOSITIES;
ULTRASONIC VELOCITY
AB The density and speed of sound of 1- and 2-butanol have been measured with two instruments; both instruments used vibrating-tube sensors for measuring density. At ambient pressure (83 kPa), density and speed of sound were measured from 278.15 K to 343.15 K. Adiabatic compressibilities were derived from these density and speed of sound data. Compressed liquid density measurements were carried out in a second instrument over a range from 270 K to 470 K with pressures from 0.5 MPa to 50 MPa. The measured density data were correlated with a modified Tait equation within their experimental uncertainty, and this correlation provides a baseline for extensive comparisons with literature data. Differences between the measured macroscopic properties of the two butanol isomers are related to differences on the molecular level. These were characterized by quantum mechanical calculations using the second-order Moller-Plesset model with the polarization basis set 6-311 +G**. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Outcalt, Stephanie L.; Laesecke, Arno; Fortin, Tara J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Outcalt, SL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Outcalt@Boulder.NIST.Gov
NR 104
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7322
J9 J MOL LIQ
JI J. Mol. Liq.
PD JAN 10
PY 2010
VL 151
IS 1
BP 50
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.molliq.2009.11.002
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 561OF
UT WOS:000274986600009
ER
PT J
AU de la Cruz, C
Hu, WZ
Li, SL
Huang, Q
Lynn, JW
Green, MA
Chen, GF
Wang, NL
Mook, HA
Si, QM
Dai, PC
AF de la Cruz, Clarina
Hu, W. Z.
Li, Shiliang
Huang, Q.
Lynn, J. W.
Green, M. A.
Chen, G. F.
Wang, N. L.
Mook, H. A.
Si, Qimiao
Dai, Pengcheng
TI Lattice Distortion and Magnetic Quantum Phase Transition in CeFeAs1-xPxO
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PAIRING SYMMETRY; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CRITICALITY; DIAGRAM; STATE
AB We use neutron diffraction to study the structural and magnetic phase diagram of CeFeAs1-xPxO. We find that replacing the larger arsenic with smaller phosphorus in CeFeAs1-xPxO simultaneously suppresses the AFM order and orthorhombic distortion near x = 0.4, thus suggesting the presence of a magnetic quantum critical point. Our detailed structural analysis reveals that the pnictogen height is an important controlling parameter for their electronic and magnetic properties, and may play an important role in electron pairing and superconductivity of these materials.
C1 [de la Cruz, Clarina; Li, Shiliang; Dai, Pengcheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[de la Cruz, Clarina; Mook, H. A.; Dai, Pengcheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hu, W. Z.; Li, Shiliang; Chen, G. F.; Wang, N. L.; Dai, Pengcheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Q.; Lynn, J. W.; Green, M. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, G. F.] Renmin Univ China, Dept Phys, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China.
[Si, Qimiao] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
RP de la Cruz, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM daip@ornl.gov
RI Li, Shiliang/B-9379-2009; Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; 石, 源/D-5929-2012;
ruc, phy/E-4170-2012; dela Cruz, Clarina/C-2747-2013; Hu,
Wanzheng/K-1171-2016
OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; dela Cruz,
Clarina/0000-0003-4233-2145;
FU DOE BES through DOE [DE-FG02-05ER46202]; NSFC; CAS; MOST; NSF
[DMR-0706625]; Robert A. Welch Foundation [C-1411]
FX The neutron scattering work at UT/ORNL is supported by the DOE BES
through DOE DE-FG02-05ER46202, and in part by the DOE BES Division of
Scientific User Facilities. The work at the IOP, CAS is supported by the
NSFC, the CAS and the MOST. The work at Rice University is supported by
the NSF DMR-0706625 and the Robert A. Welch Foundation through C-1411.
NR 28
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JAN 8
PY 2010
VL 104
IS 1
AR 017204
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.017204
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 547IX
UT WOS:000273881900039
PM 20366390
ER
PT J
AU Gierczak, T
Rajakumar, B
Flad, JE
Burkholder, JB
AF Gierczak, Tomasz
Rajakumar, B.
Flad, Jonathan E.
Burkholder, James B.
TI Kinetic study of the reaction of the acetyl radical, CH3CO, with O-3
using cavity ring-down spectroscopy
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RATE COEFFICIENTS; CHAIN-REACTION; ACETALDEHYDE; ACETONE; CHLORINE; NM
AB Rate coefficients for the gas-phase reaction CH3CO + O-3 -> products (1) were measured between 248 and 403 K at 60-200 Torr (N-2). Rate coefficients were measured under pseudo-first-order conditions in CH3CO with CH3CO produced by 248 nm pulsed laser photolysis of acetone and monitored using cavity ring-down spectroscopy at 532 nm. Rate coefficients were found to be pressure independent with a weak negative temperature dependence k(1)(T) = 1.50(-0.30)(+0.25) x 10 (11) exp[(300 +/- 50)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) and k(1)(296 K) = (4.4 +/- 0.5) x 10 (11) cm(3) molecule (1) s (1) where the quoted uncertainties are 2 sigma and include estimated systematic errors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gierczak, Tomasz; Rajakumar, B.; Flad, Jonathan E.; Burkholder, James B.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gierczak, Tomasz; Rajakumar, B.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Burkholder, JB (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM James.B.Burkholder@noaa.gov
RI B, Rajakumar/H-3479-2011; Burkholder, James/H-4914-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
FU NOAA's Health; NASA's Atmospheric Composition
FX This work was supported in part by NOAA's Health of the Atmosphere
Program and NASA's Atmospheric Composition Program.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD JAN 7
PY 2010
VL 484
IS 4-6
BP 160
EP 164
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.11.037
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 536NT
UT WOS:000273051800015
ER
PT J
AU Juranek, LW
Hamme, RC
Kaiser, J
Wanninkhof, R
Quay, PD
AF Juranek, Lauren W.
Hamme, Roberta C.
Kaiser, Jan
Wanninkhof, Rik
Quay, Paul D.
TI Evidence of O-2 consumption in underway seawater lines: Implications for
air-sea O-2 and CO2 fluxes
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INLET MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BIOFILMS; OXYGEN; BALANCE; PCO(2); WATER
AB We observed O-2 deficits of 0.5 to 2.0% (1 to 4 mu mol/kg) in the underway seawater lines of three different ships. Deficits in O-2/Ar and isotopic enrichments in dissolved O2 observed in underway seawater lines indicate a respiratory removal process. A 1% respiratory bias in underway lines would lead to a 2.5-5 mu atm (2.5-5 mu bar) enhancement in surface water pCO(2). If an underway pCO(2) bias of this magnitude affected all measurements, the global oceanic carbon uptake based on pCO(2) climatologies would be 0.5-0.8 Pg/yr higher than the present estimate of 1.6 Pg/yr. Treatment of underway lines with bleach for several hours and thorough flushing appeared to minimize O-2 loss. Given the increasing interest in underway seawater measurements for the determination of surface CO2 and O-2 fluxes, respiration in underway seawater lines must be identified and eliminated on all observing ships to ensure unbiased data. Citation: Juranek, L. W., R. C. Hamme, J. Kaiser, R. Wanninkhof, and P. D. Quay (2010), Evidence of O-2 consumption in underway seawater lines: Implications for air-sea O-2 and CO2 fluxes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L01601, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040423.
C1 [Juranek, Lauren W.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hamme, Roberta C.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
[Kaiser, Jan] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Quay, Paul D.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Wanninkhof, Rik] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Juranek, LW (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM laurie.juranek@noaa.gov
RI Kaiser, Jan/D-3327-2009
OI Kaiser, Jan/0000-0002-1553-4043
FU NERC [NE/C51484X/1]
FX We thank the captains and crews of all of the ships mentioned for their
support of this work. We especially thank J. Shannahoff, who helped to
test for and minimize O2 effects on the R/V Brown. We also
thank B. Castle, G. Berberian, C. Langdon, N. Gist and B. Barnett for
help with analyses. JK was supported by a NERC grant (NE/C51484X/1) to
C. Robinson and M. Bender. This is contribution 183 of the AMT program.
NR 24
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 6
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L01601
DI 10.1029/2009GL040423
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 542OZ
UT WOS:000273505600001
ER
PT J
AU Warneke, C
Froyd, KD
Brioude, J
Bahreini, R
Brock, CA
Cozic, J
de Gouw, JA
Fahey, DW
Ferrare, R
Holloway, JS
Middlebrook, AM
Miller, L
Montzka, S
Schwarz, JP
Sodemann, H
Spackman, JR
Stohl, A
AF Warneke, C.
Froyd, K. D.
Brioude, J.
Bahreini, R.
Brock, C. A.
Cozic, J.
de Gouw, J. A.
Fahey, D. W.
Ferrare, R.
Holloway, J. S.
Middlebrook, A. M.
Miller, L.
Montzka, S.
Schwarz, J. P.
Sodemann, H.
Spackman, J. R.
Stohl, A.
TI An important contribution to springtime Arctic aerosol from biomass
burning in Russia
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-POLLUTION; CARBON; SNOW
AB Using aircraft observations and transport model calculations we determine the total amounts of various gas-phase and aerosol species in the Arctic due to distant biomass burning (BB) emissions. We find that for many climate- relevant species, including black carbon (BC) and organic aerosols, fires in Russia that typically occur during the critical springtime snowmelt can more than double the high seasonal Arctic atmospheric background that has built up in the winter months (commonly called "Arctic haze''). Decision makers have targeted BC, because it is expected to cause strong positive forcing over snow-covered surfaces yet is significantly shorter lived than greenhouse gases. These results demonstrate that BB is more important for the Arctic than previously believed and should be considered in any attempt to mitigate impacts. Citation: Warneke, C., et al. (2010), An important contribution to springtime Arctic aerosol from biomass burning in Russia, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L01801, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041816.
C1 [Warneke, C.; Froyd, K. D.; Brioude, J.; Bahreini, R.; Brock, C. A.; Cozic, J.; de Gouw, J. A.; Fahey, D. W.; Holloway, J. S.; Middlebrook, A. M.; Schwarz, J. P.; Spackman, J. R.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ferrare, R.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Miller, L.; Montzka, S.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sodemann, H.; Stohl, A.] Norwegian Inst Air Res, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Warneke, C.; Froyd, K. D.; Brioude, J.; Bahreini, R.; Cozic, J.; de Gouw, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Schwarz, J. P.; Spackman, J. R.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Warneke, C (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM carsten.warneke@noaa.gov
RI Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Cozic, Julie/A-5464-2011; Stohl,
Andreas/A-7535-2008; Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Middlebrook,
Ann/E-4831-2011; Brock, Charles/G-3406-2011; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012;
schwarz, joshua/G-4556-2013; Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013; de Gouw,
Joost/A-9675-2008
OI Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634; Stohl, Andreas/0000-0002-2524-5755;
Montzka, Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400; Middlebrook,
Ann/0000-0002-2984-6304; Brock, Charles/0000-0002-4033-4668; Holloway,
John/0000-0002-4585-9594; schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; de Gouw,
Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826
NR 23
TC 87
Z9 90
U1 3
U2 38
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JAN 6
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L01801
DI 10.1029/2009GL041816
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 542OZ
UT WOS:000273505600006
ER
PT J
AU Xu, J
Sigworth, FJ
LaVan, DA
AF Xu, Jian
Sigworth, Fred J.
LaVan, David A.
TI Synthetic Protocells to Mimic and Test Cell Function
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIPID-BILAYER-MEMBRANES; AUREUS ALPHA-TOXIN; F0F1 ATP SYNTHASE;
ENERGY-CONVERSION; ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE; AIRWAY
EPITHELIUM; SODIUM-PUMP; HEMOLYSIN; POWER
AB Synthetic protocells provide a new means to probe, mimic and deconstruct cell behavior; they are a powerful tool to quantify cell behavior and a useful platform to explore nanomedicine. Protocells are not simple particles; they mimic cell design and typically consist of a stabilized lipid bilayer with membrane proteins. With a finite number of well characterized components, protocells can be designed to maximize useful outputs. Energy conversion in cells is an intriguing output; many natural cells convert transmembrane ion gradients into electricity by membrane-protein regulated ion transport. Here, a synthetic cell system comprising two droplets separated by a lipid bilayer is described that functions as a biological battery. The factors that affect its electrogenic performance are explained and predicted by coupling equations of the electrodes, transport proteins and membrane behavior. We show that the output of such biological batteries can reach an energy density of 6.9 x 10(6) J. m(-3), which is similar to 5% of the volumetric energy density of a lead-acid battery. The configuration with maximum power density has an energy conversion efficiency of 10%.
C1 [LaVan, David A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Jian] Yale Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Sigworth, Fred J.] Yale Univ, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP LaVan, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.lavan@nist.gov
RI LaVan, David/C-3943-2012; Xu, Jian/A-6424-2013
OI LaVan, David/0000-0002-1952-0028;
FU National Institutes of Health [PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B]
FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health through the
NIH Roadmap for Medical Research, as part of the National Center for
Design of Biomimetic Nanoconductors, award number PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B.
The full description of the materials and software used in this paper
requires the identification of certain materials and software suppliers.
The inclusion of such information should in no way be construed as
indicating that such materials or software are endorsed by NIST or are
recommended by NIST or that they are necessarily the best materials or
software for the purposes described. Supporting Information is available
online from Wiley InterScience or from the author.
NR 78
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 4
U2 41
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD JAN 5
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 1
BP 120
EP 127
DI 10.1002/adma.200901945
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 544SY
UT WOS:000273680800022
PM 20217710
ER
PT J
AU Morgan, A
Carlson, JK
AF Morgan, Alexia
Carlson, John K.
TI Capture time, size and hooking mortality of bottom longline-caught
sharks
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Shark; Longline; Hook timer; Mortality; Time depth recorder
ID NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; SANDBAR SHARK; SURVIVAL; MODEL; FISHERY; GEAR
AB The primary gear type used to harvest coastal sharks in the U.S. Atlantic shark fishery is bottom longline. Recent stock assessments have found several species of coastal sharks in U.S. Atlantic Ocean waters have declined from 60% to 80% of virgin levels. To aid in stock rebuilding, alternative gear restriction measures such as reduced soak time. restrictions on the length of gear, and fishing depth restrictions have been considered but not implemented. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of some of these management measures, controlled experiments were performed using hook timers and time depth recorders, assessing the factors affecting mortality during longline capture for the four most abundant species that incurred at-vessel mortality: sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus), blacktip (Carcharhinus limbatus), bull (Carcharhinus leucas), and blacknose (Carcharhinus acronotus). Our results indicate that as hook time and shark size increased mortality rates for the sandbar and blacktip sharks increased. Predicted models indicated mortality rates increased steadily for the three species but appeared to increase the most after 10, 6, and 1 h on the hook for sandbar, blacktip and blacknose shark, respectively. Sandbar sharks larger than approximately 170 cm FL are more susceptible to hooking mortality. Blacknose shark mortality rates increased as hook time increased but bull shark mortality rates were not affected by any factor. The probability of a hook being bitten increased the most between 5 and 12 h after the fishing gear had been set and the mean amount of time hooks were in the water prior to being bitten was 4, 5 and 9 h for sandbar and blacknose sharks, blacktip, and bull sharks, respectively. A significant difference was found between these means for sandbar and bull sharks and between blacknose and bull sharks. Shark species were commonly caught at different temperature and depth ranges. These results could be used by fisheries management to implement restrictions of fishing depth and soak time to aid in the recovery of coastal sharks species. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Morgan, Alexia] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Florida Program Shark Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Carlson, John K.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
RP Morgan, A (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Florida Program Shark Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM amorgan@flmnh.ufl.edu; John.Carlson@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service, Cooperative Research Program
FX We would like to thank the National Marine Fisheries Service,
Cooperative Research Program for providing funding for this project, the
F/V's Miss Shell, captain Scott Vaeth and Miss Danielle, captain Mike
Egner for participating in this study and Michelle Press, Travis Ford,
James Sulikowski and Laughlin Siceloff for collecting data and George
Burgess for providing oversight of the Florida Program for Shark
Research.
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JAN 5
PY 2010
VL 101
IS 1-2
BP 32
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2009.09.004
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 534OT
UT WOS:000272907700005
ER
PT J
AU Thorson, JT
Berkson, J
AF Thorson, James T.
Berkson, Jim
TI Evaluating single- and multi-species procedures to estimate time-varying
catchability functional parameters
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Time-varying catchability; Stock assessment; Simulation model; Density
dependence; Technology creep
ID AT-AGE ANALYSIS; GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD; FISHERIES; CATCH;
MANAGEMENT; ABUNDANCE; STOCK; PERFORMANCE; SELECTION
AB Time-varying catchability, is prevalent in many management regions, and can be modeled using density dependence and time trend parameters. A catchability, model can be estimated using single- or multi-species data, and parameter estimates might be of interest as an input for stock assessment models or in their own right (e.g., catchability, trends as an index of technology improvements). An operating model was developed to replicate the catch-at-age, fishery-independent survey, and catch-per-unit-effort data from the Gulf of Mexico. Ordinary least squares was used to estimate catchability, trends, density dependence, and annual catchability using 10 different estimation procedures. Procedures included an "imputation" strategy, where data from similar species are used to estimate catchability parameters for a focal species. Estimated trend, density dependence, and annual catchability were compared with index-specific operating model values to determine the precision and accuracy of different estimation procedures in a factorial model design. Multi-species procedures increased precision and accuracy of parameter estimates when compared with single-species procedures, and minimized errors in annual catchability estimates when compared with the assumption of constant catchability. Multi-species procedures also did not introduce large errors in functional parameter or annual catchability estimates, even when density dependence and trend were absent or when between-species variability was high. Procedures that imputed catchability functional parameters from similar species were precise and median unbiased given the quantity and quality of data that are available for the Gulf of Mexico. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Thorson, James T.] Virginia Tech, NMFS RTR Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Berkson, Jim] Virginia Tech, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, RTR Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Thorson, JT (reprint author), Virginia Tech, NMFS RTR Unit, 101 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM thorson@vt.edu
RI Thorson, James/O-7937-2014
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
FU National Marine Fisheries Service
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Clay Porch and Dr. Mike Prager for
providing research guidance, and Alex Chester, Nick Lapointe, Dr. Brian
Murphy, and Dr. Don Orth for manuscript reviews. Funding was provided by
a grant from the National Marine Fisheries Service to Virginia Tech.
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JAN 5
PY 2010
VL 101
IS 1-2
BP 38
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2009.09.005
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 534OT
UT WOS:000272907700006
ER
PT J
AU McMillan, WW
Pierce, RB
Sparling, LC
Osterman, G
McCann, K
Fischer, ML
Rappengluck, B
Newsom, R
Turner, D
Kittaka, C
Evans, K
Biraud, S
Lefer, B
Andrews, A
Oltmans, S
AF McMillan, W. W.
Pierce, R. B.
Sparling, L. C.
Osterman, G.
McCann, K.
Fischer, M. L.
Rappenglueck, B.
Newsom, R.
Turner, D.
Kittaka, C.
Evans, K.
Biraud, S.
Lefer, B.
Andrews, A.
Oltmans, S.
TI An observational and modeling strategy to investigate the impact of
remote sources on local air quality: A Houston, Texas, case study from
the Second Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS II)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-VAPOR; RAMAN
LIDAR; OZONE; AEROSOL; MODIS; POLLUTION; EUROPE; VALIDATION
AB Quantifying the impacts of remote sources on individual air quality exceedances remains a significant challenge for air quality forecasting. One goal of the 2006 Second Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS II) was to assess the impact of distant sources on air quality in east Texas. From 23 to 30 August 2006, retrievals of tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) from NASA's Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) reveal the transport of CO from fires in the United States Pacific Northwest to Houston, Texas. This transport occurred behind a cold front and contributed to the worst ozone exceedance period of the summer in the Houston area. We present supporting satellite observations from the NASA A-Train constellation of the vertical distribution of smoke aerosols and CO. Ground-based in situ CO measurements in Oklahoma and Texas track the CO plume as it moves south and indicate mixing of the aloft plume to the surface by turbulence in the nocturnal boundary layer and convection during the day. Ground-based aerosol speciation and lidar observations do not find appreciable smoke aerosol transport for this case. However, MODIS aerosol optical depths and model simulations indicate some smoke aerosols were transported from the Pacific Northwest through Texas to the Gulf of Mexico. Chemical transport and forward trajectory models confirm the three major observations: (1) the AIRS envisioned CO transport, (2) the satellite determined smoke plume height, and (3) the timing of the observed surface CO increases. Further, the forward trajectory simulations find two of the largest Pacific Northwest fires likely had the most significant impact.
C1 [McMillan, W. W.; Sparling, L. C.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[McMillan, W. W.; Sparling, L. C.; McCann, K.; Evans, K.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Pierce, R. B.] Univ Wisconsin, NOAA, NESDIS, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies,STAR, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Osterman, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Fischer, M. L.; Biraud, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rappenglueck, B.; Lefer, B.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Newsom, R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Turner, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Kittaka, C.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Andrews, A.; Oltmans, S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP McMillan, WW (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, 1000 Hilltop Cir, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
EM mcmillan@umbc.edu
RI Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010; Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012; Biraud,
Sebastien/M-5267-2013; Lefer, Barry/B-5417-2012
OI Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643; Biraud,
Sebastien/0000-0001-7697-933X; Lefer, Barry/0000-0001-9520-5495
FU NASA [NAG511163, NAG5-11653, NNG04GN42G, NNG06GB06G]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Division of Biological and Environmental
Research [DE-AC03-76SF00098, DE-FG02-08ER64538]
FX We were deeply saddened by the passing of coauthor Chieko Kittaka during
the initial review of this manuscript. Her inputs to the revisions were
sorely missed. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the NASA
EOS Program through NASA grants NAG511163, NAG5-11653, NNG04GN42G, and
NNG06GB06G. Our thanks go to Minnie Wong at the University of Maryland,
Fire Information for Resource Management System and the MODIS Rapid
Response Project, for providing the MODIS hot spot data. The tower
measurements in Oklahoma were supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Division of Biological and Environmental
Research, Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, under contract
DE-AC03-76SF00098. Analysis of the Raman lidar data was partially
supported by DOE grant DE-FG02-08ER64538 to the University of
Wisconsin-Madison. We thank Mark Schoeberl for access to the GSFC
trajectory code. Thanks go to the entire AIRS Team, particularly our
NOAA collaborators Chris Barnet and Walter Wolf, and the personnel at
NASA DISC. A special note of thanks goes to Bruce Doddridge of NASA and
Fred Fehsenfeld of NOAA for supporting our involvement with TexAQS II.
The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of
the author(s) and should not be construed as an official National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U. S. Government position,
policy, or decision. W. W. M. thanks Rae Force for her unwavering
support.
NR 53
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JAN 5
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D01301
DI 10.1029/2009JD011973
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 542PF
UT WOS:000273506200002
ER
PT J
AU Collilieux, X
Altamimi, Z
Coulot, D
van Dam, T
Ray, J
AF Collilieux, Xavier
Altamimi, Zuheir
Coulot, David
van Dam, Tonie
Ray, Jim
TI Impact of loading effects on determination of the International
Terrestrial Reference Frame
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Terrestrial Reference Frame; Loading effects; Geocenter motion; ITRF;
Space geodesy
ID BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY; ENERGY BALANCES; LAND WATER; EARTH; GPS;
GEOCENTER; SURFACE; DISPLACEMENTS; VARIABILITY; MODEL
AB The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), as a realization of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS), is represented by a set of station positions and linear velocities. They are intended to be used as regularized coordinates to which some corrections should be added to access instantaneous coordinates. The latest ITRS realization is the ITRF2005, which has integrated time series of station positions to form long-term solutions for the four space geodetic techniques. Currently, a purely linear model is used to parameterize station displacements in the estimation process, plus occasional discontinuities in case of earthquakes or equipment changes. However the input data have been derived without applying surface loading models and so surface loading effects are supposed to be embedded in the coordinates as measured quantities. We evaluate the effect of applying a posteriori loading corrections, which include the effect of atmospheric, non-tidal ocean, and continental water loading, to time series of positions estimated from Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. We notice that they reduce about 50% or more of the annual signals in the translation and scale parameter time series of the SLR and VLBI techniques, except in SLR Z translation. In general, the estimated secular frame definition is negligibly affected and estimated positions and velocities are not significantly modified for stations that have accumulated a large number of observations. A mufti-technique combination of such derived frames allows concluding that, for some cases, loading model corrections might degrade co-located station coordinates almost as much as they benefit them. However, most significant improvement of the estimated secular coordinates is observed for stations with less than 100 estimated positions as demonstrated with a mufti-technique combination. (C) 2009 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Collilieux, Xavier; Altamimi, Zuheir; Coulot, David] Inst Geog Natl, LAREG, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France.
[Collilieux, Xavier; Altamimi, Zuheir; Coulot, David] GRGS, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France.
[van Dam, Tonie] Univ Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
[Ray, Jim] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Collilieux, X (reprint author), Inst Geog Natl, LAREG, 6-8 Ave Blaise Pascal, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France.
EM xavier.collilieux@ign.fr; zuheir.alta-mimi@ign.fr; david.coulot@ign.fr;
tonie.van-dam@uni.lu; jim.ray@noaa.gov
RI Altamimi, Zuheir/A-4168-2009
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
EI 1879-1948
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD JAN 4
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 1
BP 144
EP 154
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2009.08.024
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 547VQ
UT WOS:000273918100015
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, MM
Mahoney, CM
Dempah, KE
Davis, JM
Becker, ML
Khondee, S
Munson, EJ
Berkland, C
AF Bailey, Mark M.
Mahoney, Christine M.
Dempah, Kassibla E.
Davis, Jeffrey M.
Becker, Matthew L.
Khondee, Supang
Munson, Eric J.
Berkland, Cory
TI Fluorinated Copolymer Nanoparticles for Multimodal Imaging Applications
SO MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE diagnostic imaging; fluoropolymers; magnetic resonance imaging;
nanoparticles; SIMS
ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; IN-VIVO; TOF-SIMS; F-19 MRI;
CHOLESTEROL; AGENTS; CELLS; RESOLUTION; MEMBRANES
AB Nanomaterials have emerged as valuable tools in biomedical imaging techniques. Here, the synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorinated nanoparticle with potential applications as an MRI contrast agent is reported. Particles were synthesized using a free radical polymerization technique. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis showed that the particles' surface contained fluorinated groups and nitrogen-containing groups. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy suggested the presence of two distinct fluorine resonances, which conforms to the structure of the fluorinated mono mer. Ongoing studies aim to evaluate the performance of the nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents both in vitro and in vivo.
C1 [Bailey, Mark M.; Berkland, Cory] Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.
[Bailey, Mark M.; Mahoney, Christine M.; Davis, Jeffrey M.; Becker, Matthew L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dempah, Kassibla E.; Khondee, Supang; Munson, Eric J.; Berkland, Cory] Univ Kansas, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.
RP Berkland, C (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.
EM berkland@ku.edu
RI Khondee, Supang/I-7440-2016;
OI Bailey, Mark/0000-0001-8950-1431
FU Madison and Lila Self Graduate Fellowship at the University of Kansas;
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; Coulter Foundation; Higuchi Biosciences
Center; American Heart Association; NIH [R03 AR054035, P20 RRO16443];
NSF [CHE 0719464]
FX The authors graciously acknowledge the Student Temporary Employment
Program (STEP) at NIST, as well as Dr. Greg Gillen for his mentorship.
They would also like to acknowledge funding from the Madison and Lila
Self Graduate Fellowship at the University of Kansas, the Cystic
Fibrosis Foundation, the Coulter Foundation, and the Higuchi Biosciences
Center, as well as additional funding from the American Heart
Association. In addition, they would like to acknowledge funding from
the NIH (R03 AR054035 and P20 RRO16443) and the NSF (CHE 0719464). The
authors would also like to thank Dr. John T. Elliott at NIST for
valuable discussions.
NR 37
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 13
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1022-1336
J9 MACROMOL RAPID COMM
JI Macromol. Rapid Commun.
PD JAN 4
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 1
BP 87
EP 92
DI 10.1002/marc.200900505
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 544AR
UT WOS:000273624100010
PM 21590842
ER
PT S
AU Aubrecht, C
Elvidge, CD
Ziskin, D
Rodrigues, P
Gil, A
AF Aubrecht, C.
Elvidge, C. D.
Ziskin, D.
Rodrigues, P.
Gil, A.
BE Wagner, W
Szekely, B
TI OBSERVING STRESS OF ARTIFICIAL NIGHT LIGHTING ON MARINE ECOSYSTEMS - A
REMOTE SENSING APPLICATION STUDY
SO 100 YEARS ISPRS ADVANCING REMOTE SENSING SCIENCE, PT 2
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ISPRS Technical Commission VII Symposium - 100 Years ISPRS - Advancing
Remote Sensing Science
CY JUL 05-07, 2010
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP ISPRS
DE Ecosystem; Marine; Impact Analysis; Monitoring; Satellite
ID SEA-TURTLES; MOON PHASE; PETRELS; ATTRACTION; OCEAN
AB Satellite based observation of nocturnal lighting opens up a variety of research and application fields dealing with impacts of light on the environment. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Geophysical Data Center (NOAA-NGDC) processes and archives nighttime lights data acquired by the U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS). Initially designed to detect moonlit clouds this sensor is equipped with a photomultiplier tube intensifying the visible band signal at night and enabling the detection of lights present at the surface of the earth. It thus provides up-to-date information on the location and impact zone of oil and gas producing facilities, heavily lit fishing boats and the artificial night sky brightness that can extend many kilometers out from urban settlements. Artificial night lighting represents a direct threat to marine ecosystems and is an excellent proxy measure for indirect impacts such as human associated chronic water pollution. A growing body of evidence indicates that artificial sky brightness is an important stressor for many marine organisms, including birds and fish. In this paper we present selected 'eco-applications' of nighttime Earth Observation including assessment of light pollution impact on coral reefs and sea turtles. Coral reefs are highly photosensitive, i.e. many species synchronize their spawning through detection of low light intensity from moonlight and reef structure is strongly influenced by illumination. Settlements and other artificial sources of lighting provide illumination brighter than the full moon, especially at shorter wavelengths. Seabirds are intimately linked with the light features of their environments since they are nocturnally active. On the Azores Islands a campaign was initiated reporting light-induced falls of marine birds. Results will be presented of taking these available in situ data as reference for analyzing spatial correlations of altered environmental conditions and actual impact cases.
C1 [Aubrecht, C.] AIT Austrian Inst Technol, Donau City Str 1, A-1220 Vienna, Austria.
[Elvidge, C. D.; Ziskin, D.] Natl Ocean Atmospher Adm, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ziskin, D.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rodrigues, P.; Gil, A.] Univ Azores, Dept Biol, Azores, Portugal.
RP Aubrecht, C (reprint author), AIT Austrian Inst Technol, Donau City Str 1, A-1220 Vienna, Austria.
EM christoph.aubrecht@ait.ac.at; chris.elvidge@noaa.gov;
daniel.ziskin@noaa.gov; pedrorodrigues@uac.pt; arturgil@uac.pt
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 20
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 41
EP 46
PN 7B
PG 6
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BA9HT
UT WOS:000339410200009
ER
PT S
AU Sun, DL
Yu, YY
AF Sun, D. L.
Yu, Y. Y.
BE Wagner, W
Szekely, B
TI DERIVING WATER FRACTION AND FLOOD MAP WITH THE EOS/MODIS DATA USING
REGRESSION TREE APPROACH
SO 100 YEARS ISPRS ADVANCING REMOTE SENSING SCIENCE, PT 2
SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial
Information Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ISPRS Technical Commission VII Symposium - 100 Years ISPRS - Advancing
Remote Sensing Science
CY JUL 05-07, 2010
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP ISPRS
DE Regression Tree; Flood; MODIS; Water fraction
ID AVHRR; BANGLADESH; WETLAND; AREA
AB This study investigates how to derive water fraction and flood map from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Earth Observing System (EOS) using a Regression Tree (RT) approach. The RT approach can integrate all the possible candidate predictors, such as the MODIS channel 2 reflectance (CH2), reflectance ratio (CH2/CH1), reflectance difference (CH2-CH1) between MODIS channels 2 and 1, vegetation and water indices. Meanwhile, it provides accuracy estimates of the derivation. The recent floods in New Orleans area in August 2005 were selected for the study. MODIS surface reflectance with the matched surface water fraction data were used for the RT training. From the training set, 60% were used for training, and the remaining 40% for test. Rules and regression models from the RT training were applied for real applications to New Orleans flooding in 2005 to calculate water fraction values. Flood distributions in both space and time domains were generated using the differences in water fraction values after and before the flooding. The derived water fraction maps were evaluated using higher resolution Thematic Mapper (TM) data from the Landsat observations. It shows that correlation between the water fractions derived from the MODIS and TM data is 0.97, with difference or "bias" of 2.16%, standard deviation of 3.89%, and root mean square error (rmse) of 4.45%. The results show that the RT approach in dynamic monitoring of floods is promising.
C1 [Sun, D. L.] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Yu, Y. Y.] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Sun, DL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM dsun@gmu.edu; yunyue.yu@noaa.gov
FU GOES- R program through the GOES- R Algorithm Working Group.
FX This study was supported by the GOES- R program through the GOES- R
Algorithm Working Group.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 2194-9034
J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM
PY 2010
VL 38
BP 552
EP 556
PN 7B
PG 5
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA BA9HT
UT WOS:000339410200103
ER
PT B
AU Martin, AF
Greenberg, CS
AF Martin, Alvin F.
Greenberg, Craig S.
GP INST SPEECH COMMUN ASSOC
TI The NIST 2010 Speaker Recognition Evaluation
SO 11TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPEECH COMMUNICATION
ASSOCIATION 2010 (INTERSPEECH 2010), VOLS 3 AND 4
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th Annual Conference of the
International-Speech-Communication-Association 2010
CY SEP 26-30, 2010
CL Makuhari, JAPAN
SP Japan World Exposit, Commemorat Org, Japan Soc Promot Sci, Telecommunicat Advancement Fdn, KDDI Fdn, Murata Sci Fdn, Adv Telecommunicat Technol Res Fdn, Support Ctr, Chiba Convent Bur & Int Ctr, Renesas Elect Corp, Google, Microsoft Corp, Nuance Commun Inc, Appen Pty Ltd, IBM Res, Sony Corp, Hitachi Ltd, Yahoo Japan Corp, Asahi Kasei Corp, KDDI R & D Lab Inc, Yamaha Corp, Toshiba Corp, Fujitsu Ltd, Mitsubishi Elect Corp, RION Co Ltd, NEC Corp
DE speaker recognition; speaker detection; NIST evaluations
AB The 2010 NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation continues a series of evaluations of text independent speaker detection begun in 1996. It utilizes the newly collected Mixer-6 and Greybeard Corpora from the Linguistic Data Consortium. Major test conditions to be examined include variations in channel, speech style, vocal effort, and the effect of speaker aging over a multi-year period. A new primary evaluation metric giving increased weight to false alarm errors compared to misses is being used. A small evaluation test with a limited number of trials is also being offered for systems that include human expertise in their processing.
C1 [Martin, Alvin F.; Greenberg, Craig S.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Martin, AF (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alvin.martin@nist.gov; craig.greenberg@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ISCA-INST SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSOC
PI BAIXAS
PA C/O EMMANUELLE FOXONET, 4 RUE DES FAUVETTES, LIEU DIT LOUS TOURILS,
BAIXAS, F-66390, FRANCE
BN 978-1-61782-123-3
PY 2010
BP 2734
EP 2737
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BDG18
UT WOS:000313086500296
ER
PT S
AU Bryant, GW
Malkova, N
Sims, J
Zielinski, M
Jaskolski, W
Aizpurua, J
AF Bryant, Garnett W.
Malkova, Natalia
Sims, James
Zielinski, Michal
Jaskolski, W.
Aizpurua, Javier
BE Vina, L
Tejedor, C
Calleja, JM
TI REENGINEERING THE OPTICS OF QUANTUM DOTS USING NANOMECHANICAL STRAIN
SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICS OF EXCITONS IN CONFINED SYSTEMS
(OECS11)
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 11th International Conference on Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Univ Autonoma Madrid, SPAIN
HO Univ Autonoma Madrid
C1 [Bryant, Garnett W.; Malkova, Natalia; Sims, James] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM garnett.bryant@nist.gov
RI Jaskolski, Wlodzimierz/D-1318-2014; Aizpurua, Javier/E-6889-2014
OI Jaskolski, Wlodzimierz/0000-0003-4814-1876; Aizpurua,
Javier/0000-0002-1444-7589
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 210
PG 1
WC Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Optics; Physics
GA BUL25
UT WOS:000289715800044
ER
PT S
AU Muller, A
Solomon, GS
AF Muller, Andreas
Solomon, Glenn S.
BE Vina, L
Tejedor, C
Calleja, JM
TI EMISSION SPECTRUM OF A DRESSED EXCITON-BIEXCITON SYSTEM IN A
SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOT
SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICS OF EXCITONS IN CONFINED SYSTEMS
(OECS11)
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 11th International Conference on Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Univ Autonoma Madrid, SPAIN
HO Univ Autonoma Madrid
C1 [Muller, Andreas; Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
EM glenn.solomon@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 210
PG 1
WC Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Optics; Physics
GA BUL25
UT WOS:000289715800147
ER
PT S
AU Ward, MB
Intallura, PM
Natarajan, CM
Hadfield, RH
Atkinson, P
Yuan, ZL
Miki, S
Fujiwara, M
Sasaki, M
Wang, Z
Baek, B
Nam, SW
Ritchie, DA
Shields, AJ
AF Ward, M. B.
Intallura, P. M.
Natarajan, C. M.
Hadfield, R. H.
Atkinson, P.
Yuan, Z. L.
Miki, S.
Fujiwara, M.
Sasaki, M.
Wang, Z.
Baek, B.
Nam, S. W.
Ritchie, D. A.
Shields, A. J.
BE Vina, L
Tejedor, C
Calleja, JM
TI Biexciton cascade in telecommunication wavelength quantum dots
SO 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICS OF EXCITONS IN CONFINED SYSTEMS
(OECS11)
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Optics of Excitons in Confined Systems
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Univ Autonoma Madrid, Cantoblanco, SPAIN
SP Univ Autonomous Madrid, Spanish Minist Educ & Sci, European Union, Europhys Letters, Semicond Sci & Technol, European Phys Soc, Fdn Madrid, Consejo Superior Investigac Cientificas, Consolider Res Project Quantum Opt Informat Technol, Lasing SA, Newport, Innova Sci
HO Univ Autonoma Madrid
ID SINGLE-PHOTON SOURCE
AB We report on polarisation correlation from the cascaded recombination of biexcitons in a quantum dot emitting at a telecommunication wavelength. The fine structure splitting of the exciton state in this InAs/GaAs quantum dot is of the order of 100 mu eV and polarisation correlation is expected. Strong polarisation correlation between the biexciton and exciton emission lines is observed under both continuous wave (CW) and pulsed laser excitation so telecom wavelength quantum dots with lower energy splittings could be suitable for entangled photon pair generation. Measurements were performed using nanowire superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs). SSPDs offer low time-jitter and improve the resolution of features in the correlation spectra, including the asymmetric dip and peak resulting from the cascaded emission with the peak extending more than an order of magnitude above the Poissonian level.
C1 [Ward, M. B.; Intallura, P. M.; Yuan, Z. L.; Shields, A. J.] Toshiba Res Europe Ltd, Cambridge Res Lab, 208 Cambridge Sci Pk,Milton Rd, Cambridge CB4 0GZ, England.
[Intallura, P. M.; Atkinson, P.; Ritchie, D. A.] Univ Cambridge, Cavevdish Lab, Cambridge CB4 0HE, England.
[Natarajan, C. M.; Hadfield, R. H.] Heriot Watt Univ, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Miki, S.; Fujiwara, M.; Sasaki, M.; Wang, Z.] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, 4-2-1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan.
[Baek, B.; Nam, S. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Ward, MB (reprint author), Toshiba Res Europe Ltd, Cambridge Res Lab, 208 Cambridge Sci Pk,Milton Rd, Cambridge CB4 0GZ, England.
EM martin.ward@crl.toshiba.co.uk
RI Hadfield, Robert/L-8081-2013; Natarajan, Chandra/C-3230-2014; Natarajan,
Chandra/O-5521-2015;
OI Hadfield, Robert/0000-0002-8084-4187; Yuan, Zhiliang/0000-0001-5276-9151
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-6588
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2010
VL 210
AR UNSP 012036
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/210/1/012036
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Optics; Physics
GA BUL25
UT WOS:000289715800248
ER
PT S
AU Yu, TW
AF Yu, Tsann-Wang
BE Oluseyi, HM
TI Advances and Challenges in Numerical Weather and Climate Prediction
SO 2009 JOINT ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF BLACK PHYSICISTS
AND THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF HISPANIC PHYSICISTS, PROCEEDINGS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Joint Annual Meeting of the
National-Society-of-Black-Physicists/National-Society-of-Hispanic-Physic
s
CY FEB 11-15, 2009
CL Fisk Univ, Nashville, TN
SP Natl Sci Fdn, Natl Aeronautics & Space Adm, Us Dept Energy, Off Naval Res (ONR), Fisk Univ, Vanderbilt Univ
HO Fisk Univ
DE numerical weather and climate prediction; Rossby waves; internal and
external gravity waves; three and four dimensional variational data
assimilation; ensemble prediction; coupling of physics and dynamics;
dispersive waves; group velocity; easterly waves; normal mode analysis
ID MULTIRESOLUTION ENSEMBLE FORECASTS; TORNADIC THUNDERSTORM SYSTEM;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; PHYSICAL PARAMETERIZATIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION; SINGULAR
VECTORS; SPLITTING METHOD; BRED VECTORS; MODEL; PERTURBATIONS
AB In this review article, the dispersive nature of various waves that exist in the atmosphere is first reviewed. These waves include Rossby waves, Kelvin wave, acoustic wave, internal and external gravity waves and many others, whose intrinsic nature and great relevancy to weather and climate forecasts are described. This paper then describes the latest development in global observations and data analysis and assimilation methodologies. These include three-dimensional and four dimensional variational data assimilation systems that are being used in the world's major operational weather and climate forecasting centers. Some of the recent results in using novel atmospheric satellite and chemical observation data applied to these data assimilation systems and those from the latest development in high resolution modeling and the ensemble forecasting approach in the operational numerical weather forecasting centers are also presented. Finally, problems of inherent errors associated with initial conditions, and those associated with the coupling of dynamics and physics and their related numerical issues in variational data assimilation systems are discussed.
C1 Howard Univ, Dept Mech Engn, NOAA, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Yu, TW (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Mech Engn, NOAA, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
NR 83
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0830-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1280
BP 142
EP 158
PG 17
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA BTH72
UT WOS:000286947800015
ER
PT S
AU Celotta, RJ
AF Celotta, Robert J.
GP IEEE
TI The NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology: Supporting US
Innovation in Nanotechnology
SO 2010 18TH BIENNIAL UNIVERSITY/GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY MICRO-NANO SYMPOSIUM
SE University Government Industry Micro-Nano Symposium Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 18th Biennial University/Government/Industry Micro-Nano Symposium
CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2010
CL Purdue Univ, West Lafayette, IN
SP IEEE
HO Purdue Univ
DE component; NIST; CNST; commerce; nanocenter; nanofabrication;
nanomeasurement; nanomanufacturing; future electronics; energy
AB The NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST) was established in May of 2007 to accelerate innovation in nanotechnology-based commerce. Located in NIST's Advanced Measurement Laboratory Complex on the Gaithersburg, MD campus, the CNST is the only national nanocenter with a focus on commerce. It supports the development of nanotechnology through research on measurement and fabrication methods and technology. The CNST has a unique design which supports the U. S. nanotechnology enterprise through the readily available, shared use NanoFab, as well as providing opportunities for collaboration in multidisciplinary research on new nanoscale measurement instruments and methods. The NanoFab is accessible to industry, academia, NIST, and other government agencies on a cost-reimbursable basis. With a simple application process, the NanoFab provides rapid access to a comprehensive suite of tools and processes for nanofabrication and measurement. While the NanoFab provides a comprehensive suite of commercial tools, the CNST's research scientists and engineers are creating the next generation of nanoscale measurement instruments and fabrication methods, which are made available through collaboration.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Celotta, RJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Robert.Celotta@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0749-6877
BN 978-1-4244-4732-9
J9 U GOV IND MICRO NANO
PY 2010
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BTO08
UT WOS:000287454500010
ER
PT J
AU Tang, XA
Ma, LJ
Slattery, O
AF Tang, Xiao
Ma, Lijun
Slattery, Oliver
GP IEEE
TI Ultra low dark-count-rate up-conversion single photon detector
SO 2010 23RD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd Annual Meeting of the IEEE Photonics-Society
CY NOV 07-11, 2010
CL Denver, CO
SP IEEE Photon Soc
ID WAVELENGTH
AB We have demonstrated an ultra low noise up-conversion single photon detector using a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide. The dark count rate of this detector is lower than 100 counts/second at 10% detection efficiency.
C1 [Tang, Xiao; Ma, Lijun; Slattery, Oliver] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tang, XA (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM xiao.tang@nist.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-5369-6
PY 2010
BP 112
EP 113
DI 10.1109/PHOTONICS.2010.5698783
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BTS83
UT WOS:000287997500057
ER
PT J
AU Srinivasan, K
Miao, HX
Rakher, MT
Davanco, M
Aksyuk, V
AF Srinivasan, Kartik
Miao, Houxun
Rakher, Matthew T.
Davanco, Marcelo
Aksyuk, Vladimir
GP IEEE
TI Optomechanical Transduction of a Cantilever Probe Using a High-Q Si
Microdisk Cavity
SO 2010 23RD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 23rd Annual Meeting of the IEEE Photonics-Society
CY NOV 07-11, 2010
CL Denver, CO
SP IEEE Photon Soc
AB The authors discuss one type of general forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) with It's stochastic delayed equations as the forward equations and anticipated backward stochastic differential equations as the backward equations. The existence and uniqueness results of the general FBSDEs are obtained. In the framework of the general FBSDEs in this paper, the explicit form of the optimal control for linearquadratic stochastic optimal control problem with delay and the Nash equilibrium point for nonzero sum differential games problem with delay are obtained.
C1 [Srinivasan, Kartik; Miao, Houxun; Rakher, Matthew T.; Davanco, Marcelo; Aksyuk, Vladimir] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Srinivasan, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Rakher, Matthew/C-2287-2011;
OI Rakher, Matthew/0000-0002-4490-4197; Aksyuk,
Vladimir/0000-0002-9653-4722
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-5369-6
PY 2010
BP 195
EP 196
DI 10.1109/PHOTONICS.2010.5698825
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BTS83
UT WOS:000287997500099
ER
PT S
AU Mahboubi, H
Momeni, A
Aghdam, AG
Sayrafian-Pour, K
Marbukh, V
AF Mahboubi, Hamid
Momeni, Ahmadreza
Aghdam, Amir G.
Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran
Marbukh, Vladimir
GP IEEE
TI Optimal Target Tracking Strategy with Controlled Node Mobility in Mobile
Sensor Networks
SO 2010 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE
SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT American Control Conference
CY JUN 30-JUL 02, 2010
CL Baltimore, MD
ID CROSS-LAYER OPTIMIZATION; WIRELESS NETWORKS; DEPLOYMENT; LIFETIME;
DESIGN; ROBOTS; ENERGY
AB This paper is concerned with target tracking using a network of collaborative sensors. The objective is to compute (online) the desired sensing and communication radii of sensors as well as their location at each time instant, such that a set of prescribed specifications are achieved. These specifications include end-to-end connectivity preservation from the target to a fixed destination, while durability of sensors is maximized and the overall energy consumption is minimized. The problem is formulated as a constrained optimization, and a procedure is presented to solve it. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
C1 [Mahboubi, Hamid; Momeni, Ahmadreza; Aghdam, Amir G.] Concordia Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd W,EV005-139, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
[Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran; Marbukh, Vladimir] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mahboubi, H (reprint author), Concordia Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd W,EV005-139, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
EM h_mahbo@ece.concordia.ca; a_momeni@ece.concordia.ca;
aghdam@ece.concordia.ca; ksayrafian@nist.gov; marbukh@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0743-1619
BN 978-1-4244-7427-1
J9 P AMER CONTR CONF
PY 2010
BP 2921
EP 2928
PG 8
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Engineering, Mechanical
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA BTK95
UT WOS:000287187903051
ER
PT S
AU Minnikanti, S
Reyes, DR
Aguilar, RC
Pancrazio, JJ
Gaitan, M
Peixoto, N
AF Minnikanti, S.
Reyes, D. R.
Aguilar, R. C.
Pancrazio, J. J.
Gaitan, M.
Peixoto, N.
GP IEEE
TI Microfluidic based contactless dielectrophoretic device: modeling and
analysis
SO 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE
AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC)
SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE
Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC 10)
CY AUG 30-SEP 04, 2010
CL Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
SP IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS)
ID CELL MANIPULATION; PARTICLES
AB While there have been many attempts at patterning cells onto substrates, a reliable method for trapping cell clusters and forming cell arrays in a predefined geometry remains to be demonstrated. We intend to develop a multielectrode array platform to initially trap cells via dielectrophoresis (DEP) and to later measure their electrical activity. As a first step toward that objective, here we present an interdigitated microfabricated comb structure. We designed an optimal insulation layer via finite element modeling for maximum dielectrophoretic field strength in solution and minimal cell damage. The microfabricated structure was combined with a microfluidic channel to vertically constrain cell position. With the objective of capturing cells onto the substrate, we here show that there is an optimal thickness of dielectric which limits electrolysis in solution and still allows for sufficient dielectrophoretic force on the cells to pull them onto the surface.
C1 [Minnikanti, S.; Pancrazio, J. J.; Peixoto, N.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Aguilar, R. C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Gaitan, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Minnikanti, S (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM sminnika@gmu.edu; jpancraz@gmu.edu; npeixoto@gmu.edu
RI Pancrazio, Joseph/M-3206-2015
OI Pancrazio, Joseph/0000-0001-8276-3690
FU Cosmos Club of Washington (Washington, DC)
FX The first author thanks the Cosmos Club of Washington (Washington, DC)
for financial support.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1557-170X
BN 978-1-4244-4124-2
J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO
PY 2010
BP 6506
EP 6509
DI 10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5627366
PG 4
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BTS36
UT WOS:000287964006226
ER
PT J
AU Baumann, E
Giorgetta, FR
Coddington, I
Swann, WC
Newbury, NR
AF Baumann, E.
Giorgetta, F. R.
Coddington, I.
Swann, W. C.
Newbury, N. R.
GP IEEE
TI Dual Frequency Combs at 3.4 mu m with Subhertz Residual Linewidths
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID SPECTROMETER; GENERATION
AB Two coherent 1.5 mu m frequency combs are transferred to 3.4 mu m by difference-frequency generation with a 1064 nm cw laser. From a multi-heterodyne measurement, the residual linewidth between the comb teeth is resolution-limited at 200 mHz. Work of the U. S. government, not subject to copyright.
C1 [Baumann, E.; Giorgetta, F. R.; Coddington, I.; Swann, W. C.; Newbury, N. R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Baumann, E (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM esther.baumann@nist.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600290
ER
PT J
AU Biercuk, MJ
Uys, H
VanDevender, AP
Shiga, N
Itano, WM
Bollinger, JJ
AF Biercuk, Michael J.
Uys, Hermann
VanDevender, Aaron P.
Shiga, Nobuyasu
Itano, Wayne M.
Bollinger, John J.
GP IEEE
TI Preserving quantum coherence using optimized open-loop control
techniques
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We describe experimental and theoretical studies of open-loop quantum control techniques known as dynamical decoupling (DD) for the suppression of decoherence-induced errors in quantum systems. Our experiments on trapped atomic ion qubits demonstrate that it is possible to optimize the construction of DD sequences for a given noise power spectral density. Studies of novel sequences derived analytically or through numerical optimization - while maintaining fixed control resources - demonstrate large gains in our ability to preserve quantum coherence in arbitrary noise environments. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
C1 [Biercuk, Michael J.; Uys, Hermann; VanDevender, Aaron P.; Shiga, Nobuyasu; Itano, Wayne M.; Bollinger, John J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Biercuk, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM biercuk@boulder.nist.gov
RI Biercuk, Michael/B-4768-2010
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513602081
ER
PT J
AU Chao, Q
Hudson, D
Kutz, JN
Christodoulides, DN
Morandotti, R
Cundiff, ST
AF Chao, Qing
Hudson, Darren
Kutz, J. Nathan
Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
Morandotti, Roberto
Cundiff, Steven T.
GP IEEE
TI Spectral Phase Clamping in Waveguide Arrays
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We report spectral phase clamping of femtosecond pulses propagating in a waveguide array. The waveguide sets the spectral phase of the output pulses to a fixed value, regardless of the input chirp. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Chao, Qing; Hudson, Darren; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Chao, Qing; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hudson, Darren; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kutz, J. Nathan] Univ Washington, Dept Math Appl, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Christodoulides, Demetrios N.] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Coll Opt & Photon, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Morandotti, Roberto] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Recherche Sci, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S2, Canada.
[Hudson, Darren] Univ Otago, Dept Phys, NL-9054 Dunedin, New Zealand.
RP Chao, Q (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603272
ER
PT J
AU Chen, MC
Arpin, P
Popmintchev, T
Gerrity, MR
Seaberg, M
Zhang, B
Murnane, MM
Kapteyn, HC
AF Chen, M. -C.
Arpin, P.
Popmintchev, T.
Gerrity, M. R.
Seaberg, M.
Zhang, B.
Murnane, M. M.
Kapteyn, H. C.
GP IEEE
TI Full Phase Matching of Ultrafast Coherent High Harmonic X-Rays at 0.5
keV
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB By focusing a 2 mu m driving laser into a multi-atmosphere pressure, gas-filled waveguide, we demonstrate full phase matching of high harmonic x-rays throughout the water window for the first time, at energies >0.5 keV. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Chen, M. -C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Chen, M. -C.; Arpin, P.; Popmintchev, T.; Gerrity, M. R.; Seaberg, M.; Zhang, B.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H. C.] UCB, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Chen, MC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM mchen@jila.colorado.edu
RI Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011; Popmintchev, Tenio/B-6715-2008; Zhang,
Bosheng/F-6122-2016
OI Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317; Popmintchev,
Tenio/0000-0002-2023-2226; Zhang, Bosheng/0000-0001-7027-833X
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513602230
ER
PT J
AU Dai, XC
Bristow, AD
Karaiskaj, D
Cundiff, ST
AF Dai, Xingcan
Bristow, Alan D.
Karaiskaj, Denis
Cundiff, Steven T.
GP IEEE
TI Two-Dimensional Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy of Potassium Vapor
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB Various two-dimensional Fourier-transform spectra of potassium vapor have been obtained to show coherent interactions and isolate Raman-like coherences. The experimental results agree well with numerical calculation based on optical Bloch equations. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
C1 [Dai, Xingcan; Bristow, Alan D.; Karaiskaj, Denis; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Dai, XC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiffs@jila.colorado.edu
RI Bristow, Alan/F-9703-2013
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603055
ER
PT J
AU Davanco, M
Rakher, MT
Badolato, A
Srinivasan, K
AF Davanco, Marcelo
Rakher, Matthew T.
Badolato, Antonio
Srinivasan, Kartik
GP IEEE
TI Fiber-coupled waveguides for strong resonant interactions with single
semiconductor quantum dots
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID DIPOLE; SYSTEM
AB We investigate fiber-coupled waveguides engineered for efficient interaction with single semiconductor quantum dots, with calculated fluorescence collection > 70% and approximate to 15 dB transmission contrast upon resonant excitation. Characterization of passive waveguides and preliminary photoluminescence measurements are presented. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
C1 [Davanco, Marcelo; Rakher, Matthew T.; Srinivasan, Kartik] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Davanco, Marcelo] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nano Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Badolato, Antonio] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
RP Davanco, M (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mdavanco@nist.gov
RI Rakher, Matthew/C-2287-2011
OI Rakher, Matthew/0000-0002-4490-4197
FU NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter Cooperative Agreement
FX This work has been partly supported by the NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter
Cooperative Agreement.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600195
ER
PT J
AU Dyer, SD
Baek, B
Nam, SW
Tanner, MG
Hadfield, RH
AF Dyer, Shellee D.
Baek, Burm
Nam, Sae Woo
Tanner, Michael G.
Hadfield, Robert H.
GP IEEE
TI High Spatial Resolution Distributed Fiber Sensor Using Raman Scattering
in Single-Mode Fiber
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID DETECTOR
AB We demonstrate a distributed fiber temperature sensor based on Raman scattering in single-mode fiber. Using low-timing jitter superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, we are able to achieve spatial resolution as fine as 1 cm.
C1 [Dyer, Shellee D.; Baek, Burm; Nam, Sae Woo; Tanner, Michael G.; Hadfield, Robert H.] NIST, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Dyer, SD (reprint author), NIST, Div Optoelect, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM sdyer@boulder.nist.gov
RI Hadfield, Robert/L-8081-2013; Tanner, Michael/A-4440-2012
OI Hadfield, Robert/0000-0002-8084-4187;
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600048
ER
PT J
AU Feng, MM
Mirin, RP
Silverman, KL
Cundiff, ST
AF Feng, Mingming
Mirin, Richard P.
Silverman, Kevin L.
Cundiff, Steven T.
GP IEEE
TI Bistable wavelength switching in a two-section quantum-dot mode-locked
diode laser
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We investigate the wavelength-switching dynamics of a bistable two-section quantum-dot diode laser. The switching time between the two stable wavelengths is about 150 ps, which corresponds to two round trips in the laser. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Feng, Mingming; Mirin, Richard P.; Silverman, Kevin L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Feng, MM (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM mingming.feng@colorado.edu
RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600363
ER
PT J
AU Flagg, EB
Muller, A
Polyakov, SV
Ling, A
Migdall, AL
Solomon, GS
AF Flagg, E. B.
Muller, A.
Polyakov, S. V.
Ling, A.
Migdall, A. L.
Solomon, G. S.
GP IEEE
TI Two-photon Interference from Separate Quantum Dots
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We use strain to tune into resonance two different, remote quantum dots and show that the emitted photons will produce Hong-Ou-Mandel interference.
C1 [Flagg, E. B.; Muller, A.; Polyakov, S. V.; Ling, A.; Migdall, A. L.; Solomon, G. S.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, NIST, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
RP Flagg, EB (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, NIST, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
EM edward.flagg@nist.gov
RI Flagg, Edward/G-2897-2013
OI Flagg, Edward/0000-0002-8065-4092
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603266
ER
PT J
AU Fox, RW
AF Fox, R. W.
GP IEEE
TI Temperature Response of ULE Fabry-Perot Cavities
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID EXPANSION
AB Low expansion glass cavities with optically contacted mirrors can exhibit structural distortions at the mirrors which may shift the temperature at which d./dT=0. An update on experiments to confirm finite element modeling analysis is presented. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Fox, RW (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM richard.fox@nist.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513602428
ER
PT J
AU Giorgetta, FR
Coddington, I
Baumann, E
Swann, WC
Newbury, NR
AF Giorgetta, F. R.
Coddington, I.
Baumann, E.
Swann, W. C.
Newbury, N. R.
GP IEEE
TI Dual Frequency Comb Sampling of a Quasi-Thermal Incoherent Light Source
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID SPECTROMETER
AB Dual, coherent frequency combs are used to measure the spectrum of an incoherent, quasi-thermal source through Fourier spectroscopy. The source spectrum is acquired over 1 THz bandwidth with an absolute frequency accuracy set by the combs. Work of the U. S. government, not subject to copyright.
C1 [Giorgetta, F. R.; Coddington, I.; Baumann, E.; Swann, W. C.; Newbury, N. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Giorgetta, FR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM fabrizio.giorgetta@nist.gov
RI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/O-1730-2014
OI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2066-3912
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513601381
ER
PT J
AU Giorgetta, FR
Coddington, I
Baumann, E
Swann, WC
Newbury, NR
AF Giorgetta, F. R.
Coddington, I.
Baumann, E.
Swann, W. C.
Newbury, N. R.
GP IEEE
TI Fast and Accurate Comb-based Spectral Analysis of a Frequency Agile CW
Laser
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID NOBEL LECTURE; PRECISION; DIODE
AB The time-resolved frequency spectrum of a frequency agile CW laser is measured with a 300 ms update rate and 3 kHz resolution/accuracy over a 28 nm wavelength range with a coherent dual comb setup. Work of the U. S. government, not subject to copyright.
C1 [Giorgetta, F. R.; Coddington, I.; Baumann, E.; Swann, W. C.; Newbury, N. R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Giorgetta, FR (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM fabrizio.giorgetta@nist.gov
RI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/O-1730-2014
OI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2066-3912
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600388
ER
PT J
AU Goldschmidt, EA
Polyakov, SV
Beavan, SE
Fan, J
Migdall, AL
AF Goldschmidt, E. A.
Polyakov, S. V.
Beavan, S. E.
Fan, J.
Migdall, A. L.
GP IEEE
TI Tailored State Preparation for Solid-State Quantum Memory
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We report progress in implementing a quantum memory scheme in Pr(3+):Y(2)SiO(5), including experimental and theoretical results using spectral hole-burning to generate narrow absorbing features and implement narrow spectral filtering.
C1 [Goldschmidt, E. A.; Polyakov, S. V.; Beavan, S. E.; Fan, J.; Migdall, A. L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Goldschmidt, EA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM elizabeth.goldschmidt@nist.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603120
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, TA
Diddams, SA
AF Johnson, Todd A.
Diddams, Scott A.
GP IEEE
TI Mid-IR frequency comb upconversion spectroscopy
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID GENERATION; PULSES
AB We present a mid-infrared frequency comb generated via differency frequency mixing of a Yb femtosecond fiber laser. After passing through a methane gas sample, the MIR comb is upconverted and dispersed onto a CCD for detection. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Johnson, Todd A.; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Johnson, TA (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM toddj@nist.gov
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600389
ER
PT J
AU Karaiskaj, D
Moody, G
Bristow, AD
Siemens, ME
Dai, X
Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
Cundiff, ST
AF Karaiskaj, D.
Moody, G.
Bristow, A. D.
Siemens, M. E.
Dai, X.
Bracker, A. S.
Gammon, D.
Cundiff, S. T.
GP IEEE
TI Homogeneous Linewidth Temperature Dependence of Interfacial GaAs Quantum
Dots Studied with Optical 2D Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB Optical 2D Fourier-transform spectroscopy extracts the temperature-dependent homogeneous lineshape of an ensemble of interfacial quantum dots. The asymmetric lineshape reveals that confinement and excitation-induced dephasing compete with strong exciton-phonon interactions, which dominate at higher temperature. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Karaiskaj, D.; Moody, G.; Bristow, A. D.; Siemens, M. E.; Dai, X.; Cundiff, S. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Karaiskaj, D.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Moody, G.; Cundiff, S. T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bracker, A. S.; Gammon, D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Karaiskaj, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM karaiskaj@cas.usf.edu
RI Bristow, Alan/F-9703-2013; Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009; Moody,
Galan/J-5811-2014
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603019
ER
PT J
AU La-O-Vorakiat, C
Mathias, S
Grychtol, P
Adam, R
Siemens, M
Shaw, J
Nembach, H
Aeschlimann, M
Schneider, CM
Silva, T
Murnane, M
Kapteyn, H
AF La-O-Vorakiat, Chan
Mathias, Stefan
Grychtol, Patrik
Adam, Roman
Siemens, Mark
Shaw, Justin
Nembach, Hans
Aeschlimann, Martin
Schneider, Claus M.
Silva, Thomas
Murnane, Margaret
Kapteyn, Henry
GP IEEE
TI Ultrafast, Element-Specific, Demagnetization Dynamics Probed using
Coherent High Harmonic Beams
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID NICKEL
AB High harmonics from a tabletop laser are used to probe ultrafast demagnetization of a compound material (Permalloy) with elemental selectivity. We achieve the highest time resolution, element-specific, measurements to date at 50fs. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [La-O-Vorakiat, Chan; Mathias, Stefan; Siemens, Mark; Murnane, Margaret; Kapteyn, Henry] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shaw, Justin; Nembach, Hans; Silva, Thomas] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mathias, Stefan; Aeschlimann, Martin] Univ Kaiserslautern, Res Ctr OPTIMAS, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Grychtol, Patrik; Adam, Roman; Schneider, Claus M.] Res Ctr Julich, IFF 9, Inst Solid State Res, Julich, Germany.
RP La-O-Vorakiat, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM chan.la-o-vorakiat@colorado.edu
RI Aeschlimann, Martin/D-7141-2011; Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Kapteyn,
Henry/H-6559-2011; Schneider, Claus/H-7453-2012; Silva,
Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Aeschlimann, Martin/0000-0003-3413-5029; Shaw,
Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317;
Schneider, Claus/0000-0002-3920-6255; Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603261
ER
PT J
AU Levine, ZH
Chen, J
Ling, A
Fan, J
Migdall, A
AF Levine, Z. H.
Chen, J.
Ling, A.
Fan, J.
Migdall, A.
GP IEEE
TI Heralded, pure-state single-photon source based on a KTP waveguide
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID FREQUENCY; FIBER; SPACE
AB We show that with simple spectral filtering, the Schmidt number for the transmitted photon-pairs (with 90% transmittance) which are produced via type-II parametric down-conversion in a KTP waveguide equals to unity to within 0.2 %.
C1 [Levine, Z. H.; Chen, J.; Ling, A.; Fan, J.; Migdall, A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Levine, ZH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8441, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM z.levine@nist.gov; jfan@nist.gov
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603003
ER
PT J
AU Ling, A
Pearlman, A
Goldschmidt, E
Fan, JY
Migdall, A
AF Ling, Alexander
Pearlman, Aaron
Goldschmidt, Elizabeth
Fan, Jingyun
Migdall, Alan
GP IEEE
TI Enhancing contrast of point images using coherent states and
photon-number-resolving detectors
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We map the transverse profile of light beams using photon-number-resolving detectors, and observe compression of beam profiles for higher detected photon-number, enabling contrast enhancement between two Airy disk beams at the Rayleigh limit.
C1 [Ling, Alexander] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Ling, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alexander.ling@nist.gov
RI Pearlman, Aaron/L-8912-2013
OI Pearlman, Aaron/0000-0002-4498-2208
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603191
ER
PT J
AU Mathias, S
Ruffing, A
Deicke, F
Wiesenmayer, M
Aeschlimann, M
Bauer, M
AF Mathias, Stefan
Ruffing, Andreas
Deicke, Frederik
Wiesenmayer, M.
Aeschlimann, Martin
Bauer, Michael
GP IEEE
TI Ultrafast electron dynamics in a Pb/Cu(111) quantum-well system
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB Time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission has been used to investigate hot-electron lifetimes in Pb/Cu(111). Our findings suggest that the peculiar electronic structure of quantum-well systems can be used to tune ultrafast dynamical properties in metals. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Mathias, Stefan; Ruffing, Andreas; Deicke, Frederik; Aeschlimann, Martin] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, Stefan; Ruffing, Andreas; Deicke, Frederik; Aeschlimann, Martin] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, Stefan] Univ Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, Stefan] Res Ctr OPTIMAS, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Wiesenmayer, M.; Bauer, Michael] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angewandte Phys, Kiel, Germany.
RP Mathias, S (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM smathias@jila.colorado.edu
RI Aeschlimann, Martin/D-7141-2011; Mathias, Stefan/I-4679-2012
OI Aeschlimann, Martin/0000-0003-3413-5029;
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603130
ER
PT J
AU Miao, HX
Srinivasan, K
Aksyuk, V
AF Miao, Houxun
Srinivasan, Kartik
Aksyuk, Vladimir
GP IEEE
TI Integrated MEMS Tunable High Quality Factor Optical Cavity for
Optomechanical Transduction
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We demonstrate a fully integrated optomechanical transducer achieving 580 ppm wavelength tuning of a high quality factor (Q=10(5)-10(6)) waveguide-coupled silicon microdisk by electrostatically actuating a dielectric membrane located in the evanescent field region above it. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Miao, Houxun; Srinivasan, Kartik; Aksyuk, Vladimir] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Miao, HX (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hmiao@nist.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600376
ER
PT J
AU Moody, G
Siemens, ME
Bristow, AD
Dai, X
Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
Cundiff, ST
AF Moody, G.
Siemens, M. E.
Bristow, A. D.
Dai, X.
Bracker, A. S.
Gammon, D.
Cundiff, S. T.
GP IEEE
TI Temperature-Dependent Coupling of GaAs Quantum Well and Interfacial
Quantum Dots Studied with Optical 2D Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB Optical 2D Fourier-transform spectra reveal time and temperature dependent relaxation from GaAs quantum well states into the interfacial quantum dot ensemble. We attribute the increased rate of relaxation at higher temperature to stimulated phonon emission. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Moody, G.; Siemens, M. E.; Bristow, A. D.; Dai, X.; Cundiff, S. T.] JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Moody, G.; Cundiff, S. T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bracker, A. S.; Gammon, D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Moody, G (reprint author), JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiff@jila.colorado.edu
RI Bristow, Alan/F-9703-2013; Moody, Galan/J-5811-2014
OI Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603043
ER
PT J
AU Muller, A
Flagg, EB
Metcalfe, M
Lawall, J
Solomon, GS
AF Muller, Andreas
Flagg, Edward B.
Metcalfe, Michael
Lawall, John
Solomon, Glenn S.
GP IEEE
TI Coupling a quantum dot to an open microcavity
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID CAVITY
AB Single InAs semiconductor quantum dots were coupled to a microcavity consisting of a semiconductor Bragg reflector below the quantum dot layer, and an external micromirror fabricated at the tip of a single mode fiber. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
C1 [Muller, Andreas; Flagg, Edward B.; Metcalfe, Michael; Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lawall, John; Solomon, Glenn S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, Maryland, MA USA.
RP Muller, A (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andreas.muller@nist.gov
RI Flagg, Edward/G-2897-2013
OI Flagg, Edward/0000-0002-8065-4092
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603208
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, TT
King, GM
Churnside, AB
Carter, AR
AF Perkins, Thomas T.
King, Gavin M.
Churnside, Allison B.
Carter, Ashley R.
GP IEEE
TI Ultrastable Atomic Force Microscopy using Laser-Based, Active Noise
Cancelation
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
ID REGISTRATION; STABILITY
AB We achieved a 100-fold improvement in tip-sample stability by stabilizing the tip and the sample in 3D using laser light back-scattered off the apex of an AFM tip and a reference mark in the sample. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[King, Gavin M.; Churnside, Allison B.; Carter, Ashley R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Perkins, TT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tperkins@jila.colorado.edu
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513601347
ER
PT J
AU Polyakov, SV
Muller, A
Ling, A
Flagg, EB
Rutter, N
Van Keuren, E
Migdall, AL
Solomon, GS
AF Polyakov, S. V.
Muller, A.
Ling, A.
Flagg, E. B.
Rutter, N.
Van Keuren, E.
Migdall, A. L.
Solomon, G. S.
GP IEEE
TI Towards Interfacing Dissimilar Quantum Systems
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We report on an experimental implementation of an interface between quantum dots (QD) and parametric downconversion (PDC). We present a PDC source compatible with QD emission and our efforts to demonstrate such compatibility. *Contribution of NIST, an agency of the US Government, not subject to copyright
C1 [Polyakov, S. V.; Muller, A.; Ling, A.; Flagg, E. B.; Rutter, N.; Migdall, A. L.; Solomon, G. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rutter, N.; Van Keuren, E.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
RP Polyakov, SV (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM spoly@nist.gov
RI Van Keuren, Edward/E-5581-2010; Flagg, Edward/G-2897-2013
OI Van Keuren, Edward/0000-0001-8348-7587; Flagg,
Edward/0000-0002-8065-4092
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603154
ER
PT J
AU Quinlan, F
Ycas, G
Osterman, S
Diddams, SA
AF Quinlan, Franklyn
Ycas, Gabe
Osterman, Steve
Diddams, Scott A.
GP IEEE
TI A 12.5 GHz-Spaced Optical Frequency Comb Spanning > 400 nm for
Astronomical Spectrograph Calibration
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB A 12.5 GHz-spaced optical frequency comb spanning 1380 nm to 1820 nm is generated via filtering and nonlinearly broadening a 250 MHz-spaced comb. Sidemode suppression from 1380 nm to 1630 nm has been measured. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Quinlan, Franklyn; Ycas, Gabe; Diddams, Scott A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Quinlan, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM fquinlan@boulder.nist.gov; sdiddams@boulder.nist.gov
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600217
ER
PT J
AU Rakher, MT
Bose, R
Wong, CW
Srinivasan, K
AF Rakher, Matthew T.
Bose, Ranojoy
Wong, Chee Wei
Srinivasan, Kartik
GP IEEE
TI Fiber-based spectroscopy of 1.55 mu m PbS Quantum Dots coupled to Si
Microcavities
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We use a fiber-taper waveguide to measure the transmission, photoluminescence, photo-darkening, and lifetime from a low density of near-infrared PbS quantum dots integrated with silicon photonic crystal cavities, microdisks, and the taper itself. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
C1 [Rakher, Matthew T.; Srinivasan, Kartik] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bose, Ranojoy; Wong, Chee Wei] Columbia Univ, Ctr Integrated Sci & Engn Solid State Sci & Engn, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Rakher, MT (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mrakher@nist.gov
RI Rakher, Matthew/C-2287-2011; Wong, Chee Wei/E-9169-2017
OI Rakher, Matthew/0000-0002-4490-4197;
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513600198
ER
PT J
AU Sridharan, D
Waks, E
Fourkas, JT
Solomon, G
AF Sridharan, Deepak
Waks, Edo
Fourkas, John T.
Solomon, Glenn
GP IEEE
TI Reversible tuning of photonic crystal cavities using photochromic films
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We demonstrate reversible tuning of photonic-crystal cavity resonance by 2.7nm using a photochromic film of spiropyran. Exposure of spiropyran to ultraviolet light redshifts the cavity resonance that can be reversed by exposure to visible light. (C)2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Sridharan, Deepak; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sridharan, Deepak; Waks, Edo; Solomon, Glenn] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fourkas, John T.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Nanophys & Adv Mat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fourkas, John T.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sridharan, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513601121
ER
PT J
AU Yang, JK
Rooks, MJ
Boriskina, S
Solomon, G
Dal Negro, L
Cao, H
AF Yang, Jin-Kyu
Rooks, Michael J.
Boriskina, Svetlana
Solomon, Glenn
Dal Negro, Luca
Cao, Hui
GP IEEE
TI Lasing from Localized Modes in Deterministic Aperiodic Nanostructures
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) AND QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE (QELS)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)/Quantum Electronics and
Laser Science Conference (QELS)
CY MAY 16-21, 2010
CL San Jose, CA
AB We demonstrate lasing in two-dimensional deterministic aperiodic nanostructures with optical pumping. The lasing modes are strongly localized within the structures. Such lasers combine the advantages of both photonic crystal lasers and random lasers. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Yang, Jin-Kyu; Rooks, Michael J.; Cao, Hui] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Boriskina, Svetlana; Dal Negro, Luca] Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn & Photon Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yang, JK (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM jinkyu.yang@yale.edu
RI Boriskina, Svetlana/P-9396-2016
OI Boriskina, Svetlana/0000-0001-6798-8082
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-55752-890-2
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BUW45
UT WOS:000290513603230
ER
PT J
AU Tang, Y
AF Tang, Y.
GP IEEE
TI AUTOMATION OF DIRECT JOSEPHSON VOLTAGE STANDARD COMPARISON AND AN
APPLICATION
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB A direct Comparison between two Josephson Voltage Standard (JVS) systems has been used in the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) key comparisons or regional supplementary comparisons to verify the performance of a JVS with an uncertainty of few parts in 1010. Most direct JVS comparisons were manually operated. Hardware and protocol for an automatic direct JVS comparison have been developed to improve the efficiency while retaining the same level of uncertainty attained from a manual comparison. The automatic JVS direct comparison greatly improves the efficiency of data acquisition. A case study examining the offset related to digital voltmeter (DVM) polarity in an automatic direct JVS comparison is presented.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tang, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 4
EP 5
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200003
ER
PT J
AU Haddad, D
Steiner, R
Williams, E
Liu, R
AF Haddad, D.
Steiner, R.
Williams, E.
Liu, R.
GP IEEE
TI IN SITU CORRECTION OF ABBE OFFSET ERROR IN THE WATT BALANCE EXPERIMENT
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
ID PLANCK CONSTANT
AB The paper describes a technique to simultaneously measure the tilt angles of the induction coil used in the watt balance experiment and correct its position from the Abbe offset error. The same three laser interferometers placed on the induction coil to determine the vertical position are also used for angular measures. An optimization algorithm is tested that allow a better estimation and correction of the Abbe offset error.
C1 [Haddad, D.; Steiner, R.; Williams, E.; Liu, R.] NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, US Dept Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Haddad, D (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, US Dept Commerce, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 14
EP 15
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200008
ER
PT J
AU Filipski, PS
Boecker, M
Benz, SP
Burroughs, CJ
AF Filipski, P. S.
Boecker, M.
Benz, S. P.
Burroughs, C. J.
GP IEEE
TI ESTABLISHING AN AC JOSEPHSON VOLTAGE STANDARD AT NRC
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB NRC recently established an AC Josephson Voltage Standard (ACJVS) system based on a NIST pulse-driven Josephson-junction array. This paper describes the efforts undertaken at NRC and the experience that was gained. An experimental method of measuring corrections due to the probe leads is described and first results are reported.
C1 [Filipski, P. S.; Boecker, M.] Natl Res Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd,Bldg M36, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Benz, S. P.; Burroughs, C. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Filipski, PS (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd,Bldg M36, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 22
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200012
ER
PT J
AU Burroughs, CJ
Dresselhaus, PD
Rufenacht, A
Elsbury, MM
Benz, P
AF Burroughs, C. J.
Dresselhaus, P. D.
Ruefenacht, A.
Elsbury, M. M.
Benz, P.
GP IEEE
TI DESIGN OF THE NIST 10 V PROGRAMMABLE JOSEPHSON VOLTAGE STANDARD SYSTEM
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
ID JUNCTIONS; ERROR
AB NIST has developed and implemented a new Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) that operates at 10 V. This next-generation system is optimized for both dc metrology and stepwise-approximated ac voltage measurements for frequencies up to a few hundred hertz. The non-hysteretic Josephson junctions in these 10 V PJVS systems, which produce intrinsically stable voltages, provide a number of advantages and additional features as compared to conventional JVS systems.
C1 [Burroughs, C. J.; Dresselhaus, P. D.; Elsbury, M. M.; Benz, P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ruefenacht, A.] Federal Off Metrol METAS, Bern, Switzerland.
RP Burroughs, CJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 24
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200013
ER
PT J
AU Steiner, R
Haddad, D
Liu, R
Perl, E
AF Steiner, R.
Haddad, D.
Liu, R.
Perl, E.
GP IEEE
TI UPGRADING THE NIST ELECTRONIC KILOGRAM SYSTEM
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB The electronic kilogram project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is upgrading several major subsystems to improve the operational reliability of the watt balance system and lower the uncertainty of results for the Planck constant, h. These include a picosecond time interval analyzer, piezo motor coil tilt control, lock-in AC signal coil transverse-position detection, fiber-optic standard frequency distribution, and a dry vacuum pumping system.
C1 [Steiner, R.; Haddad, D.; Liu, R.; Perl, E.] NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, US Dept Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Steiner, R (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, US Dept Commerce, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 32
EP 33
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200017
ER
PT J
AU Kohlmann, J
Muller, F
Kieler, OF
Schleussner, D
Egeling, B
Behr, R
Olaya, D
Dresselhaus, PD
Benz, SP
AF Kohlmann, J.
Mueller, F.
Kieler, O. F.
Schleussner, D.
Egeling, B.
Behr, R.
Olaya, D.
Dresselhaus, P. D.
Benz, S. P.
GP IEEE
TI DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTIGATION OF INTRINSICALLY SHUNTED JUNCTION SERIES
ARRAYS FOR AC JOSEPHSON VOLTAGE STANDARDS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB Different types of intrinsically shunted Josephson junctions have been developed and investigated for ac voltage standard applications at PTB. The first type, for generation of voltages up to 10 V, is driven by a 70 GHz sinusoidal microwave signal and consists of 69,632 series-connected junctions, where the number of junctions per segment follows a binary sequence. The second type, which is driven by short current pulses, contains up to 5,000 junctions and enables the synthesis of intrinsically accurate ac waveforms.
C1 [Kohlmann, J.; Mueller, F.; Kieler, O. F.; Schleussner, D.; Egeling, B.; Behr, R.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Olaya, D.; Dresselhaus, P. D.; Benz, S. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Kohlmann, J (reprint author), Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
FU European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; ERA-NET Plus [217257]
FX The research within this EURAMET joint research project leading to these
results has received in part funding from the European Community's
Seventh Framework Programme, ERA-NET Plus, under Grant Agreement No.
217257 (JoSy project). The authors additionally thank Th. Weimann, R.
Wendisch, L. Palafox, and P. Duda from PTB and C. J. Burroughs and H.
Rogalla from NIST for valuable discussions and technical assistance.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 56
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200029
ER
PT J
AU Qu, JF
Benz, SP
Pollarolo, A
Rogalla, H
AF Qu, Jifeng
Benz, S. P.
Pollarolo, A.
Rogalla, H.
GP IEEE
TI REDUCED NONLINEARITIES IN THE NIST JOHNSON NOISE THERMOMETRY SYSTEM
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB Improved electronics and synthesized noise waveforms for the NIST quantum-voltage-standard-calibrated Johnson noise thermometer (JNT) have lead to reduced uncertainty in the temperature measurement. Recent measurements show that some of the distortion in the present electronics arises in the differential stage of both the preamplifier and the analog-digital converter (ADC). Distortion from the preamplifier can be reduced by compensating the DC offset of the signal at the inputs to the differential stage. A four-channel system with a new ADC is under construction to achieve the goal of re-determining the Boltzmann constant at a relative uncertainty of 6x10(-6).
C1 [Qu, Jifeng] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
[Benz, S. P.; Pollarolo, A.; Rogalla, H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Qu, JF (reprint author), Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
EM qujf@nim.ac.cn
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 74
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200038
ER
PT J
AU Lipe, TE
Kinard, JR
Waltrip, BC
Tang, YH
AF Lipe, Thomas E.
Kinard, Joseph R.
Waltrip, Bryan C.
Tang, Yi-hua
GP IEEE
TI LINKING AC QUANTUM SYSTEMS USING A THERMAL CONVERTER
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed two types of ac sources that rely on Josephson Junction Arrays to provide quantum-accurate voltage. The pulsed-programmable AC Josephson Voltage Standard (ACJVS) and the Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) used as the basis for the NIST Quantum Watt can both be used to provide quantum-accurate ac signals; however, owing to hardware limitations, the output frequencies available do not overlap. We have used a thermal transfer standard with negligible frequency coefficient to link the two AC quantum standards. We describe the experiment, present the results, and describe plans to use these systems as the basis for ac voltage and current metrology at NIST.
C1 [Lipe, Thomas E.; Kinard, Joseph R.; Waltrip, Bryan C.; Tang, Yi-hua] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lipe, TE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 89
EP 90
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200047
ER
PT J
AU Lipe, TE
Kinard, JR
Scarioni, L
AF Lipe, T. E.
Kinard, J. R.
Scarioni, L.
GP IEEE
TI DEVELOPMENT OF MJTCS ON FUSED SILICA SUBSTRATES AT NIST
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
ID MULTIJUNCTION THERMAL CONVERTERS
AB We are developing a new generation of thin-film multijunction thermal converters based on fused silica substrates for ac voltage measurements at frequencies up to 100 MHz and for ac current measurements at frequencies up to 1 MHz. Fused silica has been selected over the previous crystalline quartz material because it is significantly more robust that crystalline quartz, yet retains excellent dielectric properties. We report on the design and fabrication of the new fused silica chips, including a novel method for forming thin membranes, and present results for two designs as both ac voltage and current converters.
C1 [Lipe, T. E.; Kinard, J. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Scarioni, L.] Univ Carabobo, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Fis, Valencia, Carabobo, Venezuela.
RP Lipe, TE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU CCG; NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
FX This work was funded in part by CCG Project 546.Research performed in
part at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 95
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200050
ER
PT J
AU Steiner, R
Haddad, D
Liu, R
Williams, E
Davidson, S
AF Steiner, R.
Haddad, D.
Liu, R.
Williams, E.
Davidson, S.
GP IEEE
TI MEASUREMENT OF MASS SCALING AND ALTERNATE MATERIALS ON THE NIST
ELECTRONIC KILOGRAM SYSTEM
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB A blind test was conducted with mass references of a 0.5 kg silicon and 1 kg each of steel and gold-plated copper, calibrated in vacuum at the NPL and measured with the watt balance at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The results were analyzed against a 1 kg PtIr mass calibrated at NIST. The results showed good and consistent agreement between the Si, steel, and PtIr masses. The Au-plated Cu mass was stable while being measured but may have shifted during the transfer.
C1 [Steiner, R.; Haddad, D.; Liu, R.; Williams, E.; Davidson, S.] NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, US Dept Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Steiner, R (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, US Dept Commerce, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 103
EP 104
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200054
ER
PT J
AU Durand, M
Lawall, J
Wang, Y
AF Durand, M.
Lawall, J.
Wang, Y.
GP IEEE
TI Fabry-Perot Displacement Interferometry for Next-Generation Calculable
Capacitor
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB We describe a Fabry-Perot interferometer system designed to measure the variable spacing between two electrodes in the new NIST calculable capacitor. Using narrow-linewidth telecom lasers, we span a frequency interval of 18 GHz, and achieve a fractional uncertainty of delta v/Delta v similar to 1.7 x 10(-8) without an optical frequency standard. In the near future we will introduce a rubidium optical standard and frequency comb to make the displacement uncertainty a negligible component of the total target uncertainty of 0.1 zF for capacitance measurements.
C1 [Durand, M.; Lawall, J.; Wang, Y.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Durand, M (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 111
EP 112
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200058
ER
PT J
AU Massa, E
Mana, G
Kessler, EG
AF Massa, E.
Mana, G.
Kessler, E. G.
GP IEEE
TI ADVANCES IN THE MEASUREMENT OF THE Si-28 LATTICE PARAMETER
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB This paper reports about the results of lattice parameter measurements aimed at determining the Avogadro constant by counting the atoms in enriched Si-28 spheres.
C1 [Massa, E.; Mana, G.] INRIM, Str Cacce 91, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Kessler, E. G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Massa, E (reprint author), INRIM, Str Cacce 91, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
OI Mana, Giovanni/0000-0002-4109-7254
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 133
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200069
ER
PT J
AU Dresselhaus, PD
Elsbury, MM
Burroughs, CJ
Benz, SP
AF Dresselhaus, P. D.
Elsbury, M. M.
Burroughs, C. J.
Benz, S. P.
GP IEEE
TI MICROWAVE OPTIMIZATION OF 10 V PJVS CIRCUITS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB Proper operation of programmable Josephson voltage standard arrays depends on the uniform distribution of microwaves to a large number of Josephson junctions. Too much or too little microwave power will change the current range of a junction's constant voltage step so that an entire array of junctions will have a smaller total current margin. In this paper we discuss the important aspects of microwave power distribution including splitting the microwaves to different arrays, keeping the microwave bias uniform within an array, and minimizing the total input power to the circuit.
C1 [Dresselhaus, P. D.; Elsbury, M. M.; Burroughs, C. J.; Benz, S. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Dresselhaus, PD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 161
EP 162
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200083
ER
PT J
AU Tang, Y
Solve, S
Witt, TJ
AF Tang, Y.
Solve, S.
Witt, T. J.
GP IEEE
TI IMPACT OF 1/f NOISE OF DVM ON JOSEPHSON VOLTAGE STANDARD COMPARISON
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB In most key and regional comparisons of Josephson voltage standards (JVS) the Type A uncertainty is assumed to be the standard deviation of the mean of the measurand calculated as if repeated measurement values were uncorrelated. In a recent JVS key comparison (BIPM.EM-K10.b) between the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), an alternative protocol was used by the NIST to enable automatic data acquisition over 14 hours. After correcting the data for residual dependence on barometric pressure, the 218 individual results are sufficient to numerically characterize autocorrelation effects. The analysis shows that the Type A uncertainty is limited by 1/f noise in the DVM used as the null detector.
C1 [Tang, Y.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Solve, S.; Witt, T. J.] Bur Int Poids & Mesures, F-92312 Sevres, France.
RP Tang, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 175
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200090
ER
PT J
AU Landim, RP
Tang, Y
Afonso, E
Ferreira, V
AF Landim, R. P.
Tang, Y.
Afonso, E.
Ferreira, V.
GP IEEE
TI A 10 V JOSEPHSON VOLTAGE STANDARD COMPARISON BETWEEN NIST AND INMETRO AS
A LINK TO BIPM
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB This paper describes a 10 V Josephson Voltage Standard (JVS) direct comparison between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalizacao e Qualidade Industrial (Inmetro) using automatic data acquisition. The results were in agreement to within 1.1 nV and the mean difference between the two JVSs at 10 V is 0.54 nV with a pooled combined standard uncertainty of 1.48 nV. Considering a recent JVS comparison between NIST and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) [1], the difference between Inmetro and the BIPM thus was found to be -0.26 nV with a standard uncertainty of 1.76 nV.
C1 [Landim, R. P.; Afonso, E.; Ferreira, V.] Inst Nacl Metrol Normalizacao & Qualidade Ind, BR-25250020 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Tang, Y.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
RP Landim, RP (reprint author), Inst Nacl Metrol Normalizacao & Qualidade Ind, BR-25250020 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 189
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200097
ER
PT J
AU Baker-Jarvis, J
Janezic, MD
Riddle, B
Kim, S
AF Baker-Jarvis, James
Janezic, Michael D.
Riddle, Bill
Kim, Sung
GP IEEE
TI Behavior of epsilon '(omega) and tan delta for a Class of Low-Loss
Materials
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB We report a study on the relaxation behavior of the real part of the permittivity. We also discuss the loss tangent of a class of materials in the microwave to millimeter band of frequencies. For relaxation response we show that the permittivity is a monotonic decreasing function of frequency. Also, for many low-loss ceramics, glasses, crystals, and solid polymers we found that the loss tangent increases nearly linearly with frequency. This linearity is explained in terms of the pulse-response function and the Sparks-King-Mills model. We show that the linearity may be used to extrapolate the loss tangent beyond the measurement band.
C1 [Baker-Jarvis, James; Janezic, Michael D.; Riddle, Bill; Kim, Sung] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Baker-Jarvis, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 289
EP 290
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200147
ER
PT J
AU Avramov-Zamurovic, S
Dagalakis, NG
Lee, RD
Kim, YS
Yoo, JM
Yang, SH
AF Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana
Dagalakis, Nicholas G.
Lee, Rae Duk
Kim, Yong Sik
Yoo, Jae Myung
Yang, Seung Ho
GP IEEE
TI Embedded Capacitive Displacement Sensor for Nanopositioning Applications
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB The scale of nano objects requires very precise position determination. The state-of-the-art manipulators involve accurate nanometer positioning. This paper presents the design of a capacitive displacement sensor for a nanopositioning application. The challenges of designing a capacitor sensitive to nanometer movements that fits in the area of a few hundred square micrometers are described. Analysis of several different designs was carried out using commercial simulation software. Results suggest a sensing resolution of 10 nm displacement. A sensor prototype was fabricated and tested.
C1 [Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana] USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Dagalakis, Nicholas G.; Lee, Rae Duk; Kim, Yong Sik; Yoo, Jae Myung; Yang, Seung Ho] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Avramov-Zamurovic, S (reprint author), USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM avramov@usna.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 316
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200161
ER
PT J
AU Pasquale, M
Bertotti, G
Olivetti, E
Coisson, M
Celegato, F
Kuepferling, M
Endo, Y
Mitsuzuka, Y
Yamaguchi, M
Serrano-Guisan, S
Schumacher, HW
Kabos, P
AF Pasquale, M.
Bertotti, G.
Olivetti, E.
Coisson, M.
Celegato, F.
Kuepferling, M.
Endo, Y.
Mitsuzuka, Y.
Yamaguchi, M.
Serrano-Guisan, S.
Schumacher, H. W.
Kabos, P.
GP IEEE
TI COMPARISON OF FERROMAGNETIC RESONANCE AND DAMPING IN PERMALLOY FILMS
USING TIME AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN TECHNIQUES
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB This paper describes the results of a comparison between measurements of FMR frequency and the Gilbert damping constant alpha made using time and frequency domain experimental techniques. The measurements were performed on reference samples circulated among different laboratories within the frame of an ongoing European and transnational research projects.
C1 [Pasquale, M.; Bertotti, G.; Olivetti, E.; Coisson, M.; Celegato, F.; Kuepferling, M.] INRiM, Turin, Italy.
[Endo, Y.; Mitsuzuka, Y.; Yamaguchi, M.] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
[Serrano-Guisan, S.; Schumacher, H. W.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Kabos, P.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Pasquale, M (reprint author), INRiM, Turin, Italy.
RI Schumacher, Hans /C-7403-2009; Pasquale, Massimo/I-8390-2012
OI Pasquale, Massimo/0000-0002-8336-1391
FU FP7 EU
FX This work was partially funded by the FP7 EU Eranet EMRP+ Project
Nanospin www.nanospin.eu and the Italy-Japan Cooperation on science and
technology program 2008 2009
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 333
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200170
ER
PT J
AU Booth, JC
Orloff, ND
Lu, XL
Wang, Y
Rocas, E
Mateu, J
Collado, C
Janezic, M
AF Booth, J. C.
Orloff, N. D.
Lu, X. L.
Wang, Y.
Rocas, E.
Mateu, J.
Collado, C.
Janezic, M.
GP IEEE
TI QUANTITATIVE PERMITTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF NANOLITER FLUID VOLUMES FROM
50 MHZ TO 40 GHZ WITH MICROFLUIDIC CHANNELS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB This paper describes the development of coplanar waveguide measurement structures integrated with microfluidic channels in order to rapidly determine the broadband dielectric properties of nanoliter volumes of fluids, fluid mixtures, and colloids over the range of frequencies from 50 MHz to 40 GHz. A number of different integrated microfluidic-microelectronic structures are employed in order to quantitatively determine the complex permittivity function over this wide range of frequencies. Transmission line network models are developed that use experimentally derived parameters to de-embed the response of the fluid-loaded devices, and finite-element models relate the fluid complex permittivity to the transmission line circuit parameters.
C1 [Booth, J. C.; Orloff, N. D.; Lu, X. L.; Wang, Y.; Rocas, E.; Mateu, J.; Collado, C.; Janezic, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
RP Booth, JC (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
RI Lu, Xiaoli/C-1297-2011; collado, carlos/B-1651-2010; mateu,
jordi/H-7285-2015
OI Lu, Xiaoli/0000-0003-3689-5996; collado, carlos/0000-0002-8869-2739;
mateu, jordi/0000-0001-9833-9966
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 353
EP 354
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200180
ER
PT J
AU MacReynolds, K
Francis, MH
Tamura, D
AF MacReynolds, K.
Francis, M. H.
Tamura, D.
GP IEEE
TI COMPARISON OF NEAR-FIELD METHODS AT NIST
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB A comparison of the planar, spherical and cylindrical near-field techniques was completed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for a Ku-band cassegrain reflector antenna. This paper discusses the measurement results for the near-to-far field measurements.
C1 [MacReynolds, K.; Francis, M. H.; Tamura, D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP MacReynolds, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 363
EP 364
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200186
ER
PT J
AU Kang, J
Kang, N
Gentle, D
MacReynolds, K
Francis, M
AF Kang, J.
Kang, N.
Gentle, D.
MacReynolds, K.
Francis, M.
GP IEEE
TI INTERCOMPARISON OF W-BAND STANDARD GAIN HORN ANTENNAS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB An intercomparison of power gain for W-band (75 GHz to 110 GHz) standard horn antennas has been performed among KRISS, NPL and NIST. This paper describes the comparison and its measurement results.
C1 [Kang, J.; Kang, N.] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Ctr Electromagnet, 209 Gajeong Ro, Taejon 305340, South Korea.
[Gentle, D.] Natl Phys Lab, Electromagnet Grp, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[MacReynolds, K.; Francis, M.] NIST, RF Fields Grp, Boulder 80305, CO USA.
RP Kang, J (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Ctr Electromagnet, 209 Gajeong Ro, Taejon 305340, South Korea.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 367
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200188
ER
PT J
AU Francis, MH
AF Francis, Michael H.
GP IEEE
TI Estimating Measurement Uncertainties
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Francis, MH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 369
EP 369
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200189
ER
PT J
AU Pratt, JR
Brandenburg, N
Stoup, JR
Lee, R
Wang, YC
AF Pratt, Jon R.
Brandenburg, Nolan
Stoup, John R.
Lee, Raeduk
Wang, Yicheng
GP IEEE
TI Fabrication and Measurement of Electrode Components for the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Calculable Capacitor
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB The current effort to manufacture a new calculable capacitor at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is summarized with a focus on issues associated with the fabrication and measurement of the geometric properties of the main electrodes. Results presented here for a diamond turned aluminum prototype electrode show a useable profile that deviates from straight by less than 25 nm as measured using the NIST M48 coordinate measuring machine.
C1 [Pratt, Jon R.; Brandenburg, Nolan; Stoup, John R.; Lee, Raeduk; Wang, Yicheng] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Pratt, JR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 410
EP 411
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200210
ER
PT J
AU Pollarolo, A
Qu, J
Rogalla, H
Dresselhaus, PD
Benz, SP
AF Pollarolo, A.
Qu, Jifeng
Rogalla, H.
Dresselhaus, P. D.
Benz, S. P.
GP IEEE
TI Development of a Four-channel System for Johnson Noise Thermometry
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
ID CALIBRATION
AB Long integration time is necessary to reach low uncertainty when measuring temperature through Johnson Noise Thermometry (JNT). The main goal of the NIST JNT experiment is to achieve a 6 x 10(-6) relative uncertainty in the measurement of the water triple point, which could contribute to the re-determination of Boltzmann's constant. A four-channel JNT system, which will reduce the measurement time two-fold, is being developed with new components, including a switchboard, an analog to digital converter (ADC) and a programmable, recharging power supply system. While implementing the new ADC, a source of systematic error was revealed, as well as a means to increase the measurement bandwidth.
C1 [Pollarolo, A.; Qu, Jifeng; Rogalla, H.; Dresselhaus, P. D.; Benz, S. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Pollarolo, A (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 490
EP 491
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200250
ER
PT J
AU Lim, SH
Wallis, TM
Imtiaz, A
Gu, DZ
Krivosik, P
Kabos, P
AF Lim, Sang-Hyun
Wallis, T. Mitch
Imtiaz, Atif
Gu, Dazhen
Krivosik, Pavol
Kabos, Pavel
GP IEEE
TI METROLOGY OF MICROSTRUCTURED WAVEGUIDES FOR SPINTRONIC APPLICATIONS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB Patterned permalloy films embedded in a coplanar waveguide (CPW) were fabricated, and the magnetization dynamics of such structures were investigated. Anisotropic magneto-resistance (AMR) effect was utilized as the detection mechanism to study the dynamics of such device structures. The introduced approach is suitable for investigation of magnetization dynamics in small magnetic devices and other candidate systems for spintronic applications.
C1 [Lim, Sang-Hyun; Wallis, T. Mitch; Imtiaz, Atif; Gu, Dazhen; Kabos, Pavel] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Krivosik, Pavol] Univ Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA.
RP Lim, SH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Gu, Dazhen/B-4854-2012
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 524
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200267
ER
PT J
AU Wollman, DA
FitzPatrick, GJ
Boynton, PA
Nelson, TL
AF Wollman, D. A.
FitzPatrick, G. J.
Boynton, P. A.
Nelson, T. L.
GP IEEE
TI NIST COORDINATION OF SMART GRID INTEROPERABILITY STANDARDS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology has efforts underway to accelerate the development of interoperability standards to support the future modernized "Smart Grid" electric grid or energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information, capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances. Through a high-visibility, rapid, and open process that brought together the Smart Grid community, including utilities, equipment suppliers, government and consumers of electricity, NIST has developed and published its Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 1.0 [1], to create the basis for prioritizing, coordinating and accelerating the development of standards in private-sector standards setting organizations, including international standards development organizations such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the IEEE.
C1 [Wollman, D. A.; FitzPatrick, G. J.; Boynton, P. A.; Nelson, T. L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wollman, DA (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 531
EP 532
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200271
ER
PT J
AU Cui, XH
Crowley, TP
AF Cui, Xiaohai
Crowley, T. P.
GP IEEE
TI COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATING THE CORRECTION
FACTOR OF A RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE MICROCALORIMETER
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB We have evaluated the correction factor of a WR-15 (50 to 75 GHz) rectangular waveguide microcalorimeter with four different techniques. The four methods are in agreement. Our initial uncertainty analysis indicates that the technique with the lowest uncertainty is one that utilized two identical microcalorimeter core sections whose reference planes were connected to each other. This initial uncertainty is smaller than expected, which will require us to re-evaluate uncertainty contributions that were neglected.
C1 [Cui, Xiaohai; Crowley, T. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Cui, XH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 551
EP 552
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200281
ER
PT J
AU Randa, J
AF Randa, James
GP IEEE
TI SIMULATOR FOR AMPLIFIER AND TRANSISTOR NOISE-PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB This paper describes a simulation program that was developed to compare the uncertainties that would be expected with different measurement strategies for the noise parameters of connectorized amplifiers and of amplifiers or transistors on wafers. Both type A and type B uncertainties are included. An illustrative example is given.
C1 NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Randa, J (reprint author), NIST, Electromagnet Div, NIST-818-01, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 555
EP 556
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200283
ER
PT J
AU Jarrett, DG
Dupree, AJ
AF Jarrett, D. G.
Dupree, A. J.
GP IEEE
TI NEXT GENERATION GUARDED HAMON TRANSFER STANDARDS FOR HIGH RESISTANCE
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB Guarded Hamon transfer standards have been used at NIST for decades for scaling to high resistance levels. A recent project has been undertaken to apply improved designs in guarded Hamon transfer standards to the 1 M to 100 M ranges with the larger goal of applying these experimental guarding and construction techniques to guarded Hamon transfer standards in the 100 G to 100 T ranges in the future. A guarded backbone structure, elimination of charge-storing materials in the connections, and the hermetic sealing of all the elements in one canister are the key features of this new design of transfer standards.
C1 [Jarrett, D. G.; Dupree, A. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jarrett, DG (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 571
EP 572
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200291
ER
PT J
AU Ginley, R
Williams, D
LeGolvan, D
AF Ginley, R.
Williams, D.
LeGolvan, D.
GP IEEE
TI A NEW ELECTRONIC VERIFICATION METHOD FOR VECTOR NETWORK ANALYZERS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has recently introduced a new method for the verification of Vector Network Analyzers (VNAs). The technique is based on the new electronic calibration units that are available from several manufacturers. Using data obtained from different states of the electronic calibration unit, the user can compare their measurements against those of NIST with NIST's uncertainty identified. Additionally, the users can compare the calibration based on their data against NIST's calibration based on the same electronic calibration unit. The resultant is a single figure of merit that characterizes the accuracy of the entire measurement process. In this paper we will describe the new technique and results from trial runs that have been conducted.
C1 [Ginley, R.; Williams, D.; LeGolvan, D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Ginley, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 587
EP 588
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200299
ER
PT J
AU Dupree, AJ
Jarrett, DG
AF Dupree, A. J.
Jarrett, D. G.
GP IEEE
TI NEW DESIGNS FOR HIGH-RESISTANCE STANDARD RESISTORS
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB Discussed are recent efforts undertaken at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to create a new set of high-resistance standards (specifically in the 10 M Omega to 100 M Omega range) using newer, more stable film-type resistors. The history of film-type resistors in high-resistance standards is briefly reviewed. Also examined are the improvements made upon similar resistance standard implementations done by the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Industrial (INTI) in Argentina. The new NIST standards use a guarded, highly resistive backbone to reduce leakage currents. Promising results, including reduced settling time and improved stability, are presented.
C1 [Dupree, A. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dupree, AJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 613
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200312
ER
PT J
AU Crowley, TP
Riddle, BF
AF Crowley, T. P.
Riddle, B. F.
GP IEEE
TI ERROR IN CALORIMETRIC EFFECTIVE EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENTS DUE TO DC LOSSES
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB DC losses in the four-wire leads or connector of a microwave power transfer standard can result in incorrect effective efficiency measurements as measured by a calorimeter. Symptoms of the error and a method for setting an upper limit of its magnitude are described.
C1 [Crowley, T. P.; Riddle, B. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Crowley, TP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 694
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200352
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, HW
Eppeldauer, GP
Jarrett, DG
Larason, TC
Kim, WS
AF Yoon, Howard W.
Eppeldauer, George P.
Jarrett, Dean G.
Larason, Thomas C.
Kim, Wan-Seop
GP IEEE
TI Calibrations of current-to-voltage transimpedance amplifiers using
electrical standards
SO 2010 CONFERENCE ON PRECISION ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENTS CPEM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements
CY JUN 13-18, 2010
CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA
SP IEEE
AB For photocurrent measurements with low uncertainties, a wide-dynamic range current-to-voltage converter traceable to resistance standards has been developed at the NIST. The design and calibration of the converter standard are described. For validation, the converter standard was compared to the low-current scale of KRISS.
C1 [Yoon, Howard W.; Eppeldauer, George P.; Jarrett, Dean G.; Larason, Thomas C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, Wan-Seop] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Daejeon, South Korea.
RP Yoon, HW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6794-5
PY 2010
BP 753
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTO48
UT WOS:000287511200380
ER
PT S
AU Souryal, M
Gentile, C
Griffith, D
Cypher, D
Golmie, N
AF Souryal, Michael
Gentile, Camillo
Griffith, David
Cypher, David
Golmie, Nada
GP IEEE
TI A Methodology to Evaluate Wireless Technologies for the Smart Grid
SO 2010 IEEE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS
(SMARTGRIDCOMM)
SE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications
(SmartGridComm)
CY OCT 04-06, 2010
CL Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD
SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc, IEEE SmartGrid, Consumer Elect Soc, CSS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, Sensor Council, IEEE Informat Theory Soc, APS, NTC, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, Reliabil Soc, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE USA, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc, IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc
HO Natl Inst Sci & Technol
ID IEEE-802.11
AB This paper presents a methodology for assessing the suitability of various wireless technologies for meeting the communication requirements of Smart Grid applications. It describes an approach for translating application requirements to link traffic characteristics, determining the transmission range or coverage area of a wireless technology, and modeling the link layer to obtain performance measures such as message reliability, delay, and throughput. To illustrate the use of this approach, we analyze the performance of three representative application use cases over an IEEE 802.11 link.
C1 [Souryal, Michael; Gentile, Camillo; Griffith, David; Cypher, David; Golmie, Nada] NIST, Emerging & Mobile Network Technol Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Souryal, M (reprint author), NIST, Emerging & Mobile Network Technol Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM michael.souryal@nist.gov; camillo.gentile@nist.gov;
david.griffith@nist.gov; david.cypher@nist.gov; nada.golmie@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2373-6836
BN 978-1-4244-6512-5
J9 INT CONF SMART GRID
PY 2010
BP 356
EP 361
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BJT41
UT WOS:000330185100061
ER
PT S
AU Liu, YX
Goldberg, AJ
Elliott, JT
Plant, AL
Kuhn, LT
AF Liu, Yongxing
Goldberg, A. Jon
Elliott, John T.
Plant, Anne L.
Kuhn, Liisa T.
GP IEEE
TI Osteogenic Differentiation of hESCs After Culturing on Fibrillar Type I
Collagen Coatings
SO 2010 IEEE 36TH ANNUAL NORTHEAST BIOENGINEERING CONFERENCE
SE Annual IEEE Northeast Bioengineering Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE 36th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference
CY MAR 26-28, 2010
CL Columbia Univ, New York, NY
SP IEEE
HO Columbia Univ
ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS
AB This paper reports a new method to induce osteogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Singly dissociated hESCs treated with ROCK inhibitor Y27632 were plated on type I fibrillar collagen (FC) coatings and achieved a high rate of survival. After culturing in osteogenic medium for 10 d, several cell colonies developed on the coatings. Cells forming the colonies showed homogenous, fibroblastic-like morphology. Subcultures of these cells on FC coatings in osteogenic medium developed an osteoblastic phenotype evidenced by strong staining for deposited minerals and expression of the ostoblastic related genes Runx2 and Col1a1. However, gene expression of osteocalcin (OC) was not detected, implying that while mineral deposition was mediated by the cells they did not mature during the culture period. FACS analysis showed the surface markers were 82.9% CD73(+), 81.0% CD105(+) and 99.8% CD45(-), consistent with the pattern of MSCs'. Additionally, in subsequent second subcultures these cells displayed a 5-fold increase in OC gene expression. We conclude that FC either exerted a unique cell-matrix interaction which promoted osteogenic differentiation or it selectively supported the survival and growth of cells committed to the osteoblastic lineage. Further characterization of the cells and the cell-collagen coating interactions are in progress.
C1 [Liu, Yongxing; Goldberg, A. Jon; Kuhn, Liisa T.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA.
[Elliott, John T.] NIST, Biochem Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Plant, Anne L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Liu, YX (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0277-1063
BN 978-1-4244-6924-6
J9 NORTHEAST BIOENGIN C
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA BTO96
UT WOS:000287664400116
ER
PT S
AU Kuester, EF
Holloway, CL
Mohamed, MA
AF Kuester, Edward F.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Mohamed, Mohamed A.
GP IEEE
TI A Generalized Sheet Transition Condition Model for a Metafilm Partially
Embedded in an Interface
SO 2010 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation/CNC-USNC/URSI
Radio Science Meeting
CY JUL 11-17, 2010
CL Toronto, CANADA
SP IEEE, URSI
C1 [Kuester, Edward F.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Holloway, Christopher L.] Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mohamed, Mohamed A.] Univ Ottawa, SITE, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
RP Kuester, EF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Edward.Kuester@colorado.edu
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1522-3965
BN 978-1-4244-4968-2
J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP
PY 2010
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTL34
UT WOS:000287212401085
ER
PT S
AU Marx, E
AF Marx, Egon
GP IEEE
TI Electromagnetic Scattering by a Finite Strip on a Substrate
SO 2010 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation/CNC-USNC/URSI
Radio Science Meeting
CY JUL 11-17, 2010
CL Toronto, CANADA
SP IEEE, URSI
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Marx, E (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1522-3965
BN 978-1-4244-4968-2
J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP
PY 2010
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTL34
UT WOS:000287212403194
ER
PT S
AU Young, WF
Holloway, CL
Koepke, G
Fielitz, H
Matolak, DW
AF Young, William F.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Koepke, Galen
Fielitz, Helge
Matolak, David W.
GP IEEE
TI Measurements of the Wireless Ad Hoc Array Concept in a Large Building
Setting for Public-Safety Communications
SO 2010 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation/CNC-USNC/URSI
Radio Science Meeting
CY JUL 11-17, 2010
CL Toronto, CANADA
SP IEEE, URSI
ID TRANSMITTERS; VOLUME
AB Here we report on measurements of the ad hoc array concept in an enclosed atrium/lobby area of a high-rise building in Denver, Colorado. A typical ad hoc network is limited to coverage area achieved by the useable coverage of single nodes; however, we seek to expand the radio frequency coverage by using two or more nodes as elements of an ad hoc array. Previous simulations and theoretical analysis suggest the benefits of the array concept; these measurements in a real-world environment demonstrate that the ad hoc array can provide meaningful gain, up to 10 dB with only four elements. The measurements also indicate a gain of 4 dB to 6 dB using only two elements.
C1 [Young, William F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Holloway, Christopher L.; Koepke, Galen; Fielitz, Helge] Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Matolak, David W.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Young, WF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1522-3965
BN 978-1-4244-4968-2
J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP
PY 2010
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTL34
UT WOS:000287212404039
ER
PT J
AU Marbukh, V
Sayrafian-Pour, K
Mahboubi, H
Momeni, A
Aghdam, AG
AF Marbukh, Vladimir
Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran
Mahboubi, Hamid
Momeni, Ahmadreza
Aghdam, Amir G.
GP IEEE
TI Towards Evolutionary-Pricing Framework for Mobile Sensor Network
Self-organization
SO 2010 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC)
SE IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence
CY JUL 18-23, 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP IEEE, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc, Int Neural Network Soc, Evolut Program Soc, IET
DE mobile sensor network; socially optimal sensor fitness; pricing
ID OPTIMIZATION
AB This paper reports on work in progress on developing a unified co-evolutionary/pricing framework for Mobile Sensor Networks (MSN) self-organization. MSN self-organization involves cooperative sensor positioning and formation of a multi-hop Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) enabling sensor information acquisition and communication while prolonging MSN life-span. A number of inherent MSN traits such as lack of centralized control and variety of performance criteria suggest framing MSN self-organization as a sensor co-evolutionary optimization. The first issue to be addressed is aligning individual sensor utility/fitness landscapes with the overall MSN goals as "selfish" sensor behavior may result in suboptimal overall MSN performance. The paper proposes using "socially optimal pricing" to internalize the effect of each sensor relocation on the overall MSN performance. It is assumed that intermediate nodes in the MSN relay sensor information to a single fusion point without processing. The proposed framework is illustrated for the special case of a MSN tracking a single target.
C1 [Marbukh, Vladimir; Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mahboubi, Hamid; Momeni, Ahmadreza; Aghdam, Amir G.] Concordia Univ, Montreal, PQ H3G1M8, Canada.
RP Marbukh, V (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM marbukh@nist.gov; ksayrafian@nist.gov; h_mahbo@ece.concordia.ca;
a_momeni@ece.concordia.ca; aghdam@ece.concordia.ca
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-8126-2
J9 IEEE C EVOL COMPUTAT
PY 2010
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational
Biology
SC Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA BTM91
UT WOS:000287375802017
ER
PT S
AU Kim, MS
Lee, S
Cypher, D
Golmie, N
AF Kim, Mun-Suk
Lee, SuKyoung
Cypher, David
Golmie, Nada
GP IEEE
TI Fast Handover Latency Analysis in Proxy Mobile IPv6
SO 2010 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE GLOBECOM 2010
SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 2010)
CY DEC 06-10, 2010
CL Miami, FL
SP IEEE
DE PMIPv6; Fast handover; Latency analysis
AB In Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), any involvement by the Mobile Node (MN) is not required so that any tunneling overhead could be removed from over-the-air. However, during the PMIPv6 handover process, there still exists a service interruption period during which the MN is unable to send or receive data packets because of PMIPv6 protocol operations. To reduce the handover latency, Fast Handover for PMIPv6 (PFMIPv6) is being standardized in the IETF MIPSHOP working group. In PFMIPv6, however, handover initiation can be false, resulting in the PFMIPv6 handover process done so far becoming unnecessary. Therefore, in this paper, we provide a thorough analysis of the handover latency in PFMIPv6, considering the false handover initiation case. The analysis is very meaningful to obtain important insights on how PFMIPv6 improves the handover latency. Further, our analytical study is verified by simulation results.
C1 [Kim, Mun-Suk; Lee, SuKyoung] Yonsei Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Cypher, David; Golmie, Nada] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Emerging & Mobile Network Technol Grp, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Kim, MS (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
EM sklee@cs.yonsei.ac.kr
FU Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program [KI002116]; Ministry
of Knowledge Economy, Korea
FX This work was supported by the Industrial Strategic Technology
Development Program, KI002116, Development of user-centric
terminal-controlled seamless mobility technology funded by the Ministry
of Knowledge Economy, Korea.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-529X
BN 978-1-4244-5638-3
J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTS42
UT WOS:000287977405082
ER
PT S
AU Mahboubi, H
Moezzi, K
Aghdam, AG
Sayrafian-Pour, K
Marbukh, V
AF Mahboubi, Hamid
Moezzi, Kaveh
Aghdam, Amir G.
Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran
Marbukh, Vladimir
GP IEEE
TI Self-Deployment Algorithms for Coverage Problem in a Network of Mobile
Sensors with Unidentical Sensing Ranges
SO 2010 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE GLOBECOM 2010
SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 2010)
CY DEC 06-10, 2010
CL Miami, FL
SP IEEE
ID PROTOCOLS
AB In this paper, efficient sensor deployment algorithms are proposed to improve the coverage area in the target field. The proposed algorithms calculate the position of the sensors iteratively, based on the existing coverage holes in the target field. The multiplicatively weighted Voronoi (MW-Voronoi) diagram is used to discover the coverage holes corresponding to different sensors with different sensing ranges. Under the proposed procedures, the sensors move in such a way that the coverage holes in the target field are reduced. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the deployment schemes proposed in this paper.
C1 [Mahboubi, Hamid; Moezzi, Kaveh; Aghdam, Amir G.] Concordia Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd W,EV005-139, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
[Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran; Marbukh, Vladimir] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mahboubi, H (reprint author), Concordia Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd W,EV005-139, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
EM h_mahbo@ece.concordia.ca; k_moezz@ece.concordia.ca;
aghdam@ece.concordia.ca; ksayrafian@nist.gov; marbukh@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [70NANB8H8146]
FX This work has been supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST), under grant 70NANB8H8146.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-529X
BN 978-1-4244-5638-3
J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF
PY 2010
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTS42
UT WOS:000287977400127
ER
PT S
AU Souryal, MR
Valoit, F
Guo, H
Moayeri, N
Damiano, NW
Snyder, DP
AF Souryal, Michael R.
Valoit, Fabien
Guo, Hui
Moayeri, Nader
Damiano, Nicholas W.
Snyder, David P.
GP IEEE
TI Simulation of a Medium Frequency Mesh Network for Communications in
Underground Mines
SO 2010 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING
SE IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the IEEE Industry-Applications-Society
CY OCT 03-07, 2010
CL Houston, TX
SP IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE
AB Signals at the lower end of the medium frequency range (300 kHz to 3 MHz) propagate with relatively low attenuation along existing metallic infrastructure in an underground mine, such as cables, pipes and rails. Exploiting this capability, low-bandwidth medium frequency mesh networks are being developed to extend digital voice and data communications throughout a mine. This paper presents a network modeling and simulation tool that can be used to plan and evaluate medium frequency mesh networks in mines. Examples are given of mine communication scenarios that can be modeled and the quantitative analysis that can be performed using communication performance metrics such as end-to-end delay and packet delivery rate.
C1 [Souryal, Michael R.; Valoit, Fabien; Guo, Hui; Moayeri, Nader] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Damiano, Nicholas W.; Snyder, David P.] NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
RP Souryal, MR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM souryal@nist.gov; fabien.valoit@nist.gov; hui.guo@nist.gov;
moayeri@nist.gov; nwd4@cdc.gov; fwx4@cdc.gov
FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Office of Mine
Safety and Health
FX This work was sponsored by the National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health, Office of Mine Safety and Health
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0197-2618
BN 978-1-4244-6395-4
J9 IEEE IND APPLIC SOC
PY 2010
PG 6
WC Engineering, Industrial
SC Engineering
GA BTN68
UT WOS:000287415300096
ER
PT S
AU Guo, H
Qian, Y
Lu, KJ
Moayeri, N
AF Guo, Hui
Qian, Yi
Lu, Kejie
Moayeri, Nader
GP IEEE
TI Backbone Routing over Multihop Wireless Networks: Increased Network
Coding Opportunity
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS
SE IEEE International Conference on Communications
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications
CY MAY 23-27, 2010
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP IEEE
AB Network coding has been proved as an effective way to enhance the throughput of the multihop wireless ad hoc networks in both unicast and multicast traffics. However, in a random network topology with non-coding-aware routing protocols, the performance enhancement may be limited because the packet routing scheme does not take advantage of the possibility of network coding. In this paper, we propose a Backbone ROuting with Network Coding (BRONC) scheme over a multihop wireless network, which combines the benefits of both backbone routing and network coding techniques. With backbone-based routing, all packets are forced to be transmitted over a constructed backbone. Because of the characteristics of bi-directional traffic flow and pre-specified routes in backbone routing, the possibility of coding packets at intermediate nodes can be substantially increased, and thus the benefit of network coding is fully exploited. Simulation results show that BRONC improves the coding opportunity significantly, and it outperforms the existing opportunistic coding schemes in terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio and transmission overhead.
C1 [Guo, Hui; Moayeri, Nader] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qian, Yi] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp & Elect Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
[Lu, Kejie] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
RP Guo, H (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1550-3607
BN 978-1-4244-6404-3
J9 IEEE ICC
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BUU13
UT WOS:000290335600052
ER
PT S
AU Shankar, PM
Gentile, C
AF Shankar, P. M.
Gentile, Camillo
GP IEEE
TI Statistical analysis of short term fading and shadowing in
Ultra-Wideband systems
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS
SE IEEE International Conference on Communications
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications
CY MAY 23-27, 2010
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP IEEE
DE UWB; Wireless systems; Short term fading; Shadowing; K distribution;
Chi-square tests
ID PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; K-DISTRIBUTION; CHANNELS; MODEL; ESTIMATORS;
CLUTTER
AB Statistical analysis of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) signals is undertaken to examine the existence of short term fading and shadowing. Based on the data collected from multiple locations and 4 different sites using a single transmitter and a 96-element receiving antenna in the 2-8 GHz range, hypothesis testing was performed to explore the statistical fit to composite probability density functions such the double Rayleigh, double Nakagami and the K distribution as well as the Nakagami and lognormal. The tests clearly showed that excellent match existed with the K distribution, with the Nakagami distribution being the next best. These results point to the existence of shadowing besides the short fading reported by other researchers. They can also assist in the development of fading and shadowing mitigation techniques.
C1 [Shankar, P. M.] Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Gentile, Camillo] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Emerging & Mobile Networking Technol Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shankar, PM (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1550-3607
BN 978-1-4244-6404-3
J9 IEEE ICC
PY 2010
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BUU13
UT WOS:000290335603177
ER
PT S
AU Gentile, C
Golmie, N
Remley, KA
Holloway, CL
Young, WF
AF Gentile, Camillo
Golmie, Nada
Remley, Kate A.
Holloway, Chris L.
Young, William F.
GP IEEE
TI A Channel Propagation Model for the 700 MHz Band
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS - ICC 2010
SE IEEE International Conference on Communications
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications
CY MAY 23-27, 2010
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP IEEE
DE Public safety bands; LTE
ID STATISTICAL-MODEL
AB Conversion from analog television in the United States combined with the appeal for broadband public safety communications is generating a lot of interest in the so-called 700 MHz band between 698-806 MHz. To our knowledge, no channel propagation model for this band exists to date. In this work, we derive such a model reduced from a measurement campaign realized through a stepped-frequency system. The campaign includes 89 transmitter-receiver configurations in seven different environments relevant to residential, commercial and public safety communications, ranging from subterranean mine tunnels to an oil refinery, from mid-size to high-rise buildings. The stochastic impulse response model is complete with 17 parameters which enables reconstruction for use in simulation engines, amongst others.
C1 [Gentile, Camillo; Golmie, Nada] NIST, Adv Network Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 20899 USA.
[Young, William F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Wireless & Event Sensing Applicat, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Gentile, C (reprint author), NIST, Adv Network Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU Public Safety Communications Research Lab through NIST's Office of Law
Enforcement Standards
FX This work was funded by the Public Safety Communications Research Lab
through NIST's Office of Law Enforcement Standards.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1550-3607
BN 978-1-4244-6404-3
J9 IEEE ICC
PY 2010
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTI68
UT WOS:000287029400009
ER
PT S
AU Gharavi, H
Hu, B
Wu, N
AF Gharavi, Hamid
Hu, Bin
Wu, Nan
GP IEEE
TI A Design Framework for High-Density Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks Achieving
Cooperative Diversity
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS - ICC 2010
SE IEEE International Conference on Communications
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications
CY MAY 23-27, 2010
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP IEEE
ID MAC
AB In this paper, we present a systematic design structure for high-density ad hoc networks aimed at achieving full cooperative diversity, based on which the PHY, MAC and Network layers of the system are specifically tailored. For the latter in particular, we present a cooperative routing protocol that is capable of exploiting full transmit diversity in ad-hoc networks. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the substantial performance gain in terms of increased packet delivery reliability over high-throughput scenarios and reduced system delay, achieved by the cooperative diversity attained using a virtual MIMO system architecture.
C1 [Gharavi, Hamid; Hu, Bin; Wu, Nan] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gharavi, H (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gharavi@nist.gov; bhu@nist.gov; nan.wu@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1550-3607
BN 978-1-4244-6404-3
J9 IEEE ICC
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTI68
UT WOS:000287029400020
ER
PT S
AU Yang, WB
Sayrafian-Pour, K
AF Yang, Wen-Bin
Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran
GP IEEE
TI A Low Complexity Interference Cancellation Technique for Multi-User
DS-CDMA Communications
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS - ICC 2010
SE IEEE International Conference on Communications
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications
CY MAY 23-27, 2010
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP IEEE
DE Interference cancellation; Direct-sequence code division multiple
access; Fast Walsh-Hadamard transformation
ID MULTIPLE-ACCESS CHANNELS; DETECTORS
AB A low complexity Parallel Interference Cancellation (PIC) technique is proposed to suppress Multi-Access Interference (MAI) and minimize near-far effect for multi-user communication using Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA). Interference signal is estimated using a relationship between cyclic correlation of the received signal and user's code of the interferer without requiring any knowledge of the channel condition. The user's codes for the multi-user DS-CDMA communication are constructed by using a set of msequences. The cyclic correlation is performed using Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT) which exhibits low computational complexity, i.e., it does not require any multiplication/division operations. In addition to low complexity, the proposed technique does not require complicated channel condition estimation and has no convergence issues. The uncoded Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed interference cancellation is calculated and compared with the conventional one over three different types of channels: AWGN, slow Rayleigh fading, and multipath channels.
C1 [Yang, Wen-Bin; Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yang, WB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1550-3607
BN 978-1-4244-6404-3
J9 IEEE ICC
PY 2010
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTI68
UT WOS:000287029400042
ER
PT S
AU Wang, MH
Yan, B
Gharavi, H
AF Wang, Miaohui
Yan, Bo
Gharavi, Hamid
GP IEEE
TI PYRAMID MODEL BASED DOWN-SAMPLING FOR IMAGE INPAINTING
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING
SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
CY SEP 26-29, 2010
CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc
DE Image inpainting; Pyramid model; Down-sampling
AB Image inpainting is a useful and powerful technique for automatically restoring or removing objects in films and damaged pictures. In the last ten years, many excellent inpainting algorithms have been proposed after Bertalmio et al. [1]. However, no paper systematically and theoretically analyzes the factors, which limit the performances of existing algorithms. Based on extensive experiments, we firstly construct a universal framework for image inpainting, which contains three crucial factors-Area, Shape, and Perimeter (ASP). Then we propose a Pyramid model based Down-sampling Inpainting (PDI) model according to the ASP principles. Experimental results show that the performances of existing methods can be tremendously improved after incorporating the PDI model.
C1 [Wang, Miaohui; Yan, Bo] Fudan Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Gharavi, Hamid] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Wang, MH (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
EM miaohwang@fudan.edu.cn; byan@fudan.edu.cn; gharavi@nist.gov
RI Yan, Bo/B-2502-2012
FU NSFC [60703034]
FX This work is supported by NSFC (Grant No.: 60703034).
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1522-4880
BN 978-1-4244-7994-8
J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC
PY 2010
BP 429
EP 432
DI 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5653469
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA BTP82
UT WOS:000287728000106
ER
PT S
AU Lian, ZH
Godil, A
Sun, XF
Zhang, H
AF Lian, Zhouhui
Godil, Afzal
Sun, Xianfang
Zhang, Hai
GP IEEE
TI NON-RIGID 3D SHAPE RETRIEVAL USING MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING AND
BAG-OF-FEATURES
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING
SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing
CY SEP 26-29, 2010
CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc
DE 3D shape retrieval; Non-rigid 3D shape; Multidimensional Scaling (MDS);
Bag-of-Features (BOF)
ID DISTRIBUTIONS
AB Matching non-rigid shapes is a challenging research field in content-based 3D object retrieval. In this paper, we present an image-based method to effectively address this problem. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are first applied to each object to calculate its canonical form, which is afterward represented by 66 depth-buffer images captured on the vertices of an unit geodesic sphere. Then, each image is described as a word histogram obtained by the vector quantization of the image's salient local features. Finally, a multi-view shape matching scheme is carried out to measure the dissimilarity between two models. Experimental results on the McGill Articulated Shape Benchmark database demonstrate that, our method obtains better retrieval performance compared to the state-of-the-art.
C1 [Lian, Zhouhui; Sun, Xianfang; Zhang, Hai] Beihang Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Lian, Zhouhui; Godil, Afzal] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Sun, Xianfang] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales.
RP Lian, ZH (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RI Lian, Zhouhui/D-8432-2012;
OI Sun, Xianfang/0000-0002-6114-0766
FU SIMA; IDUS program
FX This work has been supported by the SIMA and the IDUS program.
NR 18
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1522-4880
BN 978-1-4244-7994-8
J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC
PY 2010
BP 3181
EP 3184
DI 10.1109/ICIP.2010.5654226
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA BTP82
UT WOS:000287728003065
ER
PT S
AU Balakirsky, S
Dimitrov, D
AF Balakirsky, Stephen
Dimitrov, Denis
GP IEEE
TI Single-query, Bi-directional, Lazy Roadmap Planner Applied to Car-like
Robots
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA)
SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation ICRA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
CY MAY 03-08, 2010
CL Anchorage, AK
SP IEEE
AB The Single-query, Bi-directional, Lazy roadmap (SBL) algorithm successfully builds upon the traditional Probabilistic Roadmaps (PRM) approach by introducing a number of related optimizations. While these optimizations are applicable in the domain of car-like robots, the non-holonomic constraints of these systems and non-independence of several of their degrees of freedom pose challenges that will be examined in this paper. We present several enhancements that improve the quality of the generated path in comparison with the simple adaptation of the SBL algorithm. Results demonstrate that this work provides a planner that quickly and reliably discovers efficient paths for car-like robots.
C1 [Balakirsky, Stephen] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dimitrov, Denis] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
RP Balakirsky, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM stephen@nist.gov; dd322@georgetown.edu
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1050-4729
BN 978-1-4244-5040-4
J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT
PY 2010
BP 5015
EP 5020
DI 10.1109/ROBOT.2010.5509583
PG 6
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic;
Robotics
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Robotics
GA BSD39
UT WOS:000284150003012
ER
PT S
AU Donley, E
Liebisch, TC
Blanshan, E
Kitching, J
AF Donley, Elizabeth
Liebisch, Tara Cubel
Blanshan, Eric
Kitching, John
GP IEEE
TI Number Enhancement for Compact Laser-Cooled Atomic Samples by use of
Stimulated Radiation Forces
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL Newport Beach, CA
SP IEEE
ID VAPOR-CELL; TRAP
AB For cold samples of laser-cooled atoms to be useful in emerging technologies such as compact atomic clocks and sensors, it is necessary to achieve small sample sizes while retaining a large number of cold atoms. Achieving large atom numbers in a small system is a major challenge for producing miniaturized laser-cooled atomic clocks, since the number of captured atoms in a vapor-cell magneto-optical trap (MOT) scales as the fourth power of the laser beam diameter [1]. This strong dependence on size is fundamentally set by the maximum spontaneous light force h k gamma/2, where hk is the photon momentum and gamma/2 is the maximum spontaneous photon scatter rate of a saturated transition of linewidth gamma.
We are attempting to surmount the limit imposed by spontaneous emission by using bichromatic cooling [2] - a technique that uses stimulated emission to slow the atoms. We have built a table-top experiment that uses stimulated-emission bichromatic cooling to pre-cool rubidium atoms and dramatically enhance the trappable atom number in a small MOT. The apparatus lets us test how bichromatic cooling scales with miniaturization. Here we report on our first experimental results of cooling a thermal beam of rubidium atoms down to MOT capture velocities.
C1 [Donley, Elizabeth; Liebisch, Tara Cubel; Blanshan, Eric; Kitching, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Donley, E (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM edonley@boulder.nist.gov
RI Donley, Elizabeth/A-4525-2010
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 125
EP 128
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556359
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700026
ER
PT S
AU Parker, TE
Jefferts, SR
Heavner, TP
AF Parker, T. E.
Jefferts, S. R.
Heavner, T. P.
GP IEEE
TI Medium-Term Frequency Stability of Hydrogen Masers as Measured by a
Cesium Fountain
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL New Port Beach, CA
SP IEEE
AB Hydrogen masers are used extensively in time scale ensembles, but the frequency drift must be accurately known. NIST-F1, the cesium fountain primary frequency standard at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, now operates nearly every month and has provided an unprecedented opportunity to characterize the medium-term frequency stability (t = 30 to 90 days) of six hydrogen masers. An unexpected observation was a moderate level of correlation in the frequency fluctuations of all the masers.
C1 [Parker, T. E.; Jefferts, S. R.; Heavner, T. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Parker, TE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tparker@boulder.nist.gov
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 318
EP 323
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556319
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700066
ER
PT S
AU Mhaskar, RR
Knappe, S
Kitching, J
AF Mhaskar, Rahul R.
Knappe, Svenja
Kitching, John
GP IEEE
TI Low-Frequency Characterization of MEMS-based Portable Atomic
Magnetometer
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL Newport Beach, CA
SP IEEE
ID LEVEL CROSSING RESONANCES; VAPOR CELLS
AB Atomic magnetometers based on absorption or polarization rotation of light in an alkali vapor have recently demonstrated sensitivities rivaling those of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) [1]. Miniaturization of such devices containing vapor cells fabricated with microelectro-mechanical (MEMS) technology has been the focus of development for the better part of the last decade. In this paper, we describe a portable magnetometry system with a sensitivity below 50 fT/root Hz at 100 Hz. The atomic magnetometer consists of a microfabricated sensor head that is fiber coupled to a control module consisting of a laser and electronics. We describe the construction of this system and present the results of sensitivity measurements with an emphasis on identifying and characterizing the source of 1/f (flicker) noise. This portable magnetometer system was developed to measure magnetocardiograms (MCG) of human subjects inside a shielded environment [2].
C1 [Mhaskar, Rahul R.; Knappe, Svenja; Kitching, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mhaskar, RR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Rahul.Mhaskar@nist.gov
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 376
EP 379
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556307
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700078
ER
PT S
AU Hati, A
Nelson, CW
Riddle, BF
Howe, DA
AF Hati, Archita
Nelson, Craig W.
Riddle, Bill F.
Howe, David A.
GP IEEE
TI High Spectral Purity Oscillator at 40 GHz: Design Using Air-Dielectric
Cavity
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL Newport Beach, CA
SP IEEE
AB We describe the design of a low-phase modulated (PM) noise 40 GHz oscillator that uses a conventional air-dielectric cavity resonator as a frequency discriminator to clean up the PM noise of a commercial 10 GHz dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) multiplied by four. The main features of this design incorporate (1) unloaded cavity quality factor (Q) of 30,000, (2) high coupling coefficient, (3) large carrier suppression by use of interferometric signal processing, (4) large operating signal power of approximately 1 Watt (W), and (5) relatively small size.
C1 [Hati, Archita; Nelson, Craig W.; Riddle, Bill F.; Howe, David A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hati, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM archita@boulder.nist.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 437
EP 439
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556293
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700092
ER
PT S
AU Nelson, CW
Hati, A
Nava, JFG
Howe, DA
AF Nelson, C. W.
Hati, A.
Nava, J. F. G.
Howe, D. A.
GP IEEE
TI Phase noise suppression in frequency comb generators
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL New Port Beach, CA
SP IEEE
DE comb generation; flicker noise; frequency multiplication; phase noise;
noise suppression; step recovery diode
AB We propose an idea to suppress the flicker (1/f) noise in radio frequency (RF) multiplier-based frequency comb generators. Comb generators are often used for frequency multiplication in frequency synthesis. In general, comb generators apply high power to a nonlinear element (NLE) such as a step-recovery diode to generate harmonics. Flicker of phase from the NLE causes significant noise to be projected onto the higher-order harmonics of the input signal. The phase noise of the n-th harmonic increases by n(2) relative to the noise of the input signal; this is also true for the input-referred multiplier phase noise. A system can be constructed that compares the fundamental signal before and after it enters the comb generator. If the phase perturbations between the fundamental and any particular harmonic can be measured in real time, a feedback or feed-forward servo can be implemented to correct the phase noise that is introduced by frequency multiplication. A defective excessively noisy comb generator is used in this experiment to act as the candidate for noise correction. This allows for simplified testing of the proof of principle by measuring the corrected candidate versus a typical comb generator.
C1 [Nelson, C. W.; Hati, A.; Nava, J. F. G.; Howe, D. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Nelson, CW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM craig.nelson@boulder.nist.gov
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 440
EP 442
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556294
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700093
ER
PT S
AU Esnault, FX
Donley, E
Kitching, J
AF Esnault, Francois-Xavier
Donley, Elizabeth
Kitching, John
GP IEEE
TI Towards a compact cold atom frequency standard based on coherent
population trapping
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL New Port Beach, CA
SP IEEE
ID DARK RESONANCES; RAMAN; CONTRAST; LIGHT; BEAM; LINE
AB We describe the main features of a cold atom frequency standard based on coherent population trapping (CPT). We explain our particular CPT configuration and our experimental setup, and present simulations of the expected performance (stability and major systematics).
C1 [Esnault, Francois-Xavier; Donley, Elizabeth; Kitching, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Devices & Instrumentat Grp, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Esnault, FX (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Devices & Instrumentat Grp, Div Time & Frequency, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM edonley@nist.gov
RI Donley, Elizabeth/A-4525-2010
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 465
EP 469
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556285
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700100
ER
PT S
AU Meiser, D
Ye, J
Holland, MJ
AF Meiser, D.
Ye, Jun
Holland, M. J.
GP IEEE
TI Prospects for milli-hertz linewidth lasers using collective emission
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL Newport Beach, CA
SP IEEE
ID QUANTUM OPTICS; LATTICE CLOCK; FREQUENCY
AB Ultra-stable lasers are core components of many precision measurements and clock experiments. The stability of the most stable lasers is limited by thermal noise of the reference cavities to which the frequency of the laser is locked. Overcoming this limitation is a serious challenge. We discuss an alternative route to ultra-stable light that circumvents the need for an improved reference cavity. The idea is to generate light actively from ultra-cold atoms in a lattice clock. We discuss the physical mechanism underlying this light source, experimental requirements, and key characteristics of the generated light such as its intensity, linewidth, and noise properties.
C1 [Meiser, D.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Meiser, D (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NSF; DARPA; DFG (of Germany); NIST
FX We are grateful for stimulating discussions with J. K. Thompson, A. D.
Ludlow, and J. Cooper. This work has been supported in part by NSF,
DARPA, DFG (of Germany) and NIST.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 629
EP 633
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556254
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700133
ER
PT S
AU Taylor, JA
Quinlan, F
Hati, A
Nelson, C
Diddams, SA
Datta, S
Joshi, A
AF Taylor, Jennifer A.
Quinlan, Frank
Hati, Archita
Nelson, Craig
Diddams, Scott A.
Datta, Shubhashish
Joshi, Abhay
GP IEEE
TI Phase Noise in the Photodetection of Ultrashort Optical Pulses
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM (FCS)
SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium
CY JUN 01-04, 2010
CL Newport Beach, CA
SP IEEE
ID MICROWAVE SIGNALS; FEMTOSECOND-LASER; NONLINEARITIES
AB Femtosecond laser frequency combs provide an effective and efficient way to take an ultra-stable optical frequency reference and divide the signal down into the microwave region. In order to convert optical pulses into a usable RF signal, one must use high-speed photodetection; unfortunately, excess phase noise from both technical and fundamental sources can arise in the photodetection process. In order to ultimately minimize the noise effects of the photodetector, we must first characterize some of the known sources for noise arising in these devices. In this paper, we will study two sources of excess noise in high-speed photodiodes-power-to-phase conversion and shot noise. The noise performance of each device will give us clues as to the nature of the sources, their effect on the output signal, and what design features of the photodiode minimize these noise effects.
C1 [Taylor, Jennifer A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Taylor, Jennifer A.; Quinlan, Frank; Hati, Archita; Nelson, Craig; Diddams, Scott A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Time & Frequency Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Datta, Shubhashish; Joshi, Abhay] Discovery Semiconduct Inc, Ewing, NJ USA.
RP Taylor, JA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Jennifer.Taylor@nist.gov
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1075-6787
BN 978-1-4244-6401-2
J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT
PY 2010
BP 684
EP 688
DI 10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556176
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTM93
UT WOS:000287378700145
ER
PT S
AU Bachmann, CM
Nichols, CR
Montes, MJ
Fusina, RA
Li, RR
Gross, C
Fry, J
Parrish, C
Sellars, J
White, SA
Jones, CA
Lee, K
AF Bachmann, Charles M.
Nichols, C. Reid
Montes, Marcos J.
Fusina, Robert A.
Li, Rong-Rong
Gross, Carl
Fry, John
Parrish, Chris
Sellars, Jon
White, Stephen A.
Jones, Christopher A.
Lee, Krista
GP IEEE
TI COASTAL CHARACTERIZATION FROM HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: AN INTERCOMPARISON
OF RETRIEVAL PROPERTIES FROM THREE COAST TYPES
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE remote sensing; hyperspectral imagery; coast type; environmental
factors; spectroscopy
AB Over the past three years, the Naval Research Laboratory has conducted three remote sensing campaigns in regions which included barrier island, coral, and mangrove coastal characteristics. These investigations were conducted at the Virginia Coast Reserve during September 2007, in and around Kaneohe and Waimanalo Bays during January and February 2009, and along the Queensland coast in Australia during May 2009. During each of the studies, hyperspectral imagery (HSI) was acquired over the site in conjunction with both land and water spectral and geotechnical measurements. For coastal classification, such as retrievals of bottom reflectance, bathymetry, beach composition, and vegetation type, subtle variations in spectral properties of physical and biological features are often significant. Beach composition in these coast types differed dramatically due to the origin of the sands. These findings suggest the need to develop models specific to a particular coast type.
C1 [Bachmann, Charles M.; Montes, Marcos J.; Fusina, Robert A.; Li, Rong-Rong; Gross, Carl] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Coastal Sci & Interpretat Sect, Code 7232,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Nichols, C. Reid; Fry, John] Marine Informat Resource Corp, Ellicott 21042, MARYLAND.
[Parrish, Chris; Sellars, Jon; White, Stephen A.] NOAA NOS, Remote Sensing Div, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Jones, Christopher A.; Lee, Krista] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Bachmann, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Coastal Sci & Interpretat Sect, Code 7232,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM bachmann@nrl.navy.mil
RI Montes, Marcos/J-9239-2015
OI Montes, Marcos/0000-0002-4725-5380
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 138
EP 141
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650660
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933800036
ER
PT S
AU Ceccato, P
Vancutsem, C
Temimi, M
AF Ceccato, P.
Vancutsem, C.
Temimi, M.
GP IEEE
TI MONITORING AIR AND LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURES FROM REMOTELY SENSED DATA
FOR CLIMATE-HUMAN HEALTH APPLICATIONS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Air temperature; Land Surface Temperature; human health; climate change
AB This study proposes a methodology to infer maximum air temperature from space using observations from polar orbiting satellite MODIS. A previous study showed that minimum Land Surface Temperature (LST) derived from MODIS night-time images provides a good surrogate for minimum air temperature while the retrieval of maximum air temperature is less straightforward. The objective of this work is to estimate maximum air temperatures through the extrapolation of the minimum temperature derived from MODIS according to the diurnal cycle. The diurnal cycle parameters (i.e. phase and amplitude) which are used to estimate the maximum air temperature are determined locally using data from the WORDCLIM database. The proposed approach is applied over four different areas in Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Botswana and Madagascar) based on measurements collected in 28 different stations over the period 2002-2008. An acceptable agreement between maximum air temperature estimated and observed temperatures was noticed. This implies that satellite imagery has an interesting potential in inferring maximum air temperature at an interesting temporal and spatial resolution.
C1 [Ceccato, P.; Vancutsem, C.] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Lamont Campus,61 Route 9W,Monell Bldg, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Vancutsem, C.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, MARS Unit, FOOD SEC Act, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Temimi, M.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Ceccato, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Lamont Campus,61 Route 9W,Monell Bldg, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM pceccato@iri.columbia.edu
FU Earth Institute, Columbia University (Cross-Cutting Initiative project);
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA050AR4311004]
FX This work was funded by The Earth Institute, Columbia University
(Cross-Cutting Initiative project) and a cooperative agreement
(NA050AR4311004) from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA). The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its
sub-agencies. We thank the meteorological services of Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Botswana, and Madagascar for providing the temperature observations.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 178
EP 180
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5649810
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933800046
ER
PT S
AU Norouzi, H
Temimi, M
Khanbilvardi, R
AF Norouzi, Hamidreza
Temimi, Marouane
Khanbilvardi, Reza
GP IEEE
TI DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL LAND SURFACE EMISSIVITY PRODUCT AT AMSR-E PASSIVE
MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Land surface emissivity; microwave; diurnal cycle; soil moisture
ID MODEL
AB Microwave land surface emissivity is one of the key inputs in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models. It can be used also to classify land surface and subsurface properties such as soil moisture. The objective of this study is to develop global land effective emissivity product using passive microwave observations from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E). Ancillary data such as land surface skin temperature and cloud flag were obtained from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) data set are used in the analysis. Atmospheric parameters were obtained from TOVS observations to account for the upwelling and downwelling atmospheric emissions as well as atmospheric transmission. Instantaneous land emissivity maps were determined over cloud free pixels for each ascending and descending overpass. In addition, a global clear sky composite is produced on monthly basis. The derived maps show acceptable agreement with the global pattern of land cover types. The emissivity maps also agree reasonably well with the existing SSM/I based product.
C1 [Norouzi, Hamidreza; Temimi, Marouane; Khanbilvardi, Reza] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Norouzi, H (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM hnorouzi@gc.cuny.edu
OI Norouzi, Hamid/0000-0003-0405-5108
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 280
EP 283
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652464
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933800073
ER
PT S
AU Smith, WL
Minnis, P
Benjamin, SG
Weygandt, SS
AF Smith, William L., Jr.
Minnis, Patrick
Benjamin, Stanley G.
Weygandt, Stephen S.
GP IEEE
TI 4-D CLOUD WATER CONTENT FIELDS DERIVED FROM OPERATIONAL SATELLITE DATA
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
C1 [Smith, William L., Jr.; Minnis, Patrick] NASA, LaRC, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Benjamin, Stanley G.; Weygandt, Stephen S.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Smith, WL (reprint author), NASA, LaRC, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RI Benjamin, Stan/C-5818-2015; Weygandt, Stephen/E-7497-2015; Minnis,
Patrick/G-1902-2010
OI Benjamin, Stan/0000-0002-5751-8236; Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 308
EP 311
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652807
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933800080
ER
PT S
AU Bly, PL
Edwards, MA
AF Bly, Patrina L.
Edwards, Michael A.
GP IEEE
TI THE APPLICABILITY OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING IN IDENTIFYING PBDES SOURCES
USING NOAA NATIONAL STATUS & TRENDS MUSSEL WATCH PROGRAM DATA
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
AB Utilizing formats such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing data assessment, an attempt was made to identify possible releasers of effluent waste into the major coastal watershed regions pertaining to ongoing research conducted within monitored mussel watch sites. The categorization of possible contaminating locations was made available through the development of a series of dataset. This dataset was primarily derived from agencies such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Mussel Watch Program, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U. S. EPA), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), as well as other state government databases. With the utilization of platforms such as the ESRI (R) ArcMap (TM) software, analysis and assessment of spatially referenced locations, via point, vector, and line data format were used to depict points and sites of interest within sampled locations and areas of Interest (AOI). Points and areas of interest (AOI) were also verified using Remote Sensing imagery in order to maintain spatial and spectral integrity within areas that were detected with known contaminant. As such, the contaminant Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) within observable mussel watch sites was cross checked with those assessed by the NOAA's Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), in order to clearly identify all the possible sources of the contaminant Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) within the sampled locations. With the use of this data, researchers are able to identify current as well future possible sources of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) contaminant contributors within monitored mussel watch sites and other fragile coastal ecosystems.
C1 [Bly, Patrina L.] Elizabeth City State Univ, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA.
[Edwards, Michael A.] NOAA, NOS NCCOS CCMA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Bly, PL (reprint author), Elizabeth City State Univ, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 421
EP 424
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650007
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933800109
ER
PT S
AU Gu, DZ
Cox, AE
Houtz, D
Walker, DK
Randa, J
Billinger, RL
AF Gu, Dazhen
Cox, Amanda E.
Houtz, Derek
Walker, David K.
Randa, James
Billinger, Robert L.
GP IEEE
TI REFLECTIVITY STUDIES OF PASSIVE MICROWAVE CALIBRATION TARGETS AND
ABSORPTIVE MATERIALS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Blackbody targets; brightness standard; free-space measurement;
reflection coefficients
AB We report on the characterization of blackbody reflections as a part of the recent progress on the development of brightness standards for microwave remote sensing at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Three blackbody targets at variable temperatures used for airborne and/or satellite systems along with an aluminum plate were measured in terms of their reflection coefficients by horn antennas in connection with a vector network analyzer (VNA) in the WR-42 waveguide band. Precision measurements of reflection are needed for blackbody emissivity computation to check against the brightness temperature measurement of blackbody targets. All experiments were conducted in two distance ranges by free-space methods in an anechoic chamber. Preliminary results show negligible reflections from the calibration targets, indicating near ideal blackbody characteristics in the measured frequency range.
C1 [Gu, Dazhen; Cox, Amanda E.; Houtz, Derek; Walker, David K.; Randa, James; Billinger, Robert L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Gu, DZ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
RI Gu, Dazhen/B-4854-2012
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 570
EP 573
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5653688
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933800148
ER
PT S
AU Kizer, S
Liu, X
Larar, A
Smith, W
Zhou, D
Barnet, C
Divakarla, M
Guo, G
Blackwell, B
Leslie, V
Jairam, L
St Jermain, K
AF Kizer, Susan
Liu, Xu
Larar, Allen
Smith, William
Zhou, Daniel
Barnet, Chris
Divakarla, Murty
Guo, Guang
Blackwell, Bill
Leslie, Vincent
Jairam, Laura
St Jermain, Karen
GP IEEE
TI PORTING AND TESTING NPOESS CRIMSS EDR ALGORITHMS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
AB As a part of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) and the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP), the instruments Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) make up the Cross-track Infrared and Microwave Sounder Suite (CrIMSS). CrIMSS will primarily provide global temperature, moisture, and pressure profiles and calibrated radiances [1]. In preparation for the NPOESS/NPP launch, porting and testing of the CrIMSS Environmental Data Record (EDR) algorithms need to be performed.
C1 [Kizer, Susan] Sci Syst Applicat Intl, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Liu, Xu; Larar, Allen; Zhou, Daniel] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Smith, William] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
[Barnet, Chris] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Appl, Silver Spring, MD 20746 USA.
[Divakarla, Murty] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Guo, Guang] PSGS, Fairfax, VA 20706 USA.
[Blackwell, Bill; Leslie, Vincent; Jairam, Laura] MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02173 USA.
[St Jermain, Karen] NOAA, NPOESS Integrated Program Office, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Kizer, S (reprint author), Sci Syst Applicat Intl, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
RI Divakarla, Murty/E-7936-2011
OI Divakarla, Murty/0000-0002-0399-3381
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 1067
EP 1069
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652925
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933801053
ER
PT S
AU Hayden, L
Jearld, A
Powell, J
Hayden, K
Jackson, NL
AF Hayden, Linda
Jearld, Ambrose, Jr.
Powell, Je'aime
Hayden, Kuchumbi
Jackson, Nina L.
GP IEEE
TI HANDS-ON GPS AND REMOTE SENSING TRAINING FOR HIGH SCHOOL LEARNERS DURING
IGARSS 2009 IN CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
AB Continuing the commitment of the Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS) to education and outreach, the IEEE 2009 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) conference in Cape Town, South Africa provided an opportunity for over 400 local high school students to engage in handson GPS training and remote sensing workshops. Mafeteng Schools Environment Network (MSEN) and the Students' Health and Welfare Centres Organization (SHAWCO) worked with the University of Cape Town (UCT) in identifying student learners from socio-economically challenged populations in metropolitan Cape Town. Activities included a remote sensing art workshop, Mathematics of Remote Sensing team contest, and a scavenger hunt. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) scientists led discussions and demonstrations of educational products to help build understanding of the science of Earth's systems and the stewardship of our planet, and to foster avenues to explore careers in science. This paper details the education outreach events and gives demographic information on the participants.
C1 [Hayden, Linda; Powell, Je'aime; Hayden, Kuchumbi] Elizabeth City State Univ, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA.
[Jearld, Ambrose, Jr.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA.
[Jackson, Nina L.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite, Data & Informat Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Hayden, L (reprint author), Elizabeth City State Univ, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA.
EM haydenl@mindspring.com; ambrose.jearld@noaa.gov; jeaimehp@gmail.com;
khayden5@hotmail.com; nina.jackson@noaa.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 1118
EP 1121
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5651320
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933801067
ER
PT J
AU Soisuvarn, S
Jelenak, Z
Chang, PS
Zhu, Q
AF Soisuvarn, Seubson
Jelenak, Zorana
Chang, Paul S.
Zhu, Qi
GP IEEE
TI A REVISED GEOPHYSICAL MODEL FUNCTION FOR THE ADVANCED SCATTEROMETER
(ASCAT) AT NOAA/NESDIS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE ASCAT; QuikSCAT; Geophysical Model Function; Ocean Vector Winds; High
Winds
AB The current ASCAT winds retrieval is based on the CMOD5.n geophysical model function (GMF) with the ASCAT wind data processor developed at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Recent validation of ASCAT wind retrieval reveals that high wind retrievals were underestimated as being compared to the operational QuikSCAT scatterometer. The goal in this paper is to improve ASCAT wind retrievals at high winds. In this paper we map the radar backscatter (sigma(0)) as a function of extreme wind conditions as measured by an airborne scatterometer and adjusted the isotropic term in CMOD5.n to follow the aircraft GMF trend. The geophysical model function validation shows the model sigma(0) that calculated from QuikSCAT wind inputs are improved for sigma(0) approximately > -15 dB and in very good agreement with the ASCAT sigma(0) measurement. The wind retrieval validations show wind speed rms error is improved at approximately wind speed > 12 m/s and example mean wind composite from two winter seasons shows significant in detection of storm-force winds.
C1 [Soisuvarn, Seubson; Jelenak, Zorana; Chang, Paul S.; Zhu, Qi] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RP Soisuvarn, S (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RI Jelenak, Zorana/F-5596-2010; Chang, Paul/F-5580-2010; Soisuvarn,
Seubson/R-8130-2016
OI Jelenak, Zorana/0000-0003-0510-2973; Chang, Paul/0000-0001-5113-0938;
Soisuvarn, Seubson/0000-0002-1373-8974
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 1335
EP 1338
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650850
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933801123
ER
PT S
AU Tian, YH
Romanov, P
Yu, YY
Xu, H
Tarpley, D
AF Tian, Yuhong
Romanov, Peter
Yu, Yunyue
Xu, Hui
Tarpley, Dan
GP IEEE
TI ANALYSIS OF VEGETATION INDEX NDVI ANISOTROPY TO IMPROVE THE ACCURACY OF
THE GOES-R GREEN VEGETATION FRACTION PRODUCT
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Remote Sensing; geostationary satellite; NDVI; angular anisotropy;
modeling
ID MODELS
AB Green Vegetation Fraction (GVF) is the fraction of area within the instrument footprint occupied by green vegetation. Information on GVF is needed to estimate the surface energy balance in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models. For the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R) Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) algorithm development, a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) based linear mixture algorithm has been chosen to convert NDVI into GVF. The GVF algorithm has been developed and tested using a proxy dataset from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) sensor onboard the European Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) geostationary satellite. Studies of SEVIRI data have shown that NDVI strongly depends upon the viewing and illumination geometry of observations, especially over dense vegetation. If not corrected, this angular anisotropy of NDVI causes substantial spurious diurnal variations in the derived GVF. An empirical kernel-driven model to correct NDVI for angular anisotropy has been developed and implemented in the GVF algorithm. Its kernel weights for the GVF algorithm were also determined empirically from the SEVIRI clear-sky data. The preliminary validation estimates show that the model's performance is good.
C1 [Tian, Yuhong; Xu, Hui] NOAA NESDIS STAR, IM Syst Grp, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Romanov, Peter] Univ Maryland, CICS, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yu, Yunyue] NOAA NESDIS STAR, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Tarpley, Dan] Short & Assoc, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Tian, YH (reprint author), NOAA NESDIS STAR, IM Syst Grp, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RI Romanov, Peter/F-5622-2010; Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010; Xu, Hui/F-5635-2010
OI Romanov, Peter/0000-0002-2153-8307; Xu, Hui/0000-0002-0917-6526
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2091
EP 2094
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5651925
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802060
ER
PT S
AU Sun, FY
Goldberg, MD
AF Sun, Fengying
Goldberg, Mitchell D.
GP IEEE
TI ASSESSMENT OF A TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATION OF OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION
FROM THE ATMOSPHERIC INFRARED SOUNDER RADIANCE OBSERVATIONS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Remote sensing
ID ENERGY SYSTEM CERES; CLOUDS; AIRS
AB Outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) at the top of atmosphere (TOA) derived from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) radiance observations is compared with the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) OLR in monthly and daily time scales. The global monthly mean OLR differences between AIRS and CERES and the spatial standard deviations of the OLR differences are about 1 Wm(2) and 6 Wm(-2), respectively. The regional daily mean differences between AIRS and CERES OLR from 60 degrees N to 60 degrees S are within 1 Wm(-2). These results suggest that AIRS and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) could be used to monitor the performance of CERES and used as a backup in case of CERES failure.
C1 [Sun, Fengying] Dell Perot Syst, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
[Sun, Fengying; Goldberg, Mitchell D.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Sun, FY (reprint author), Dell Perot Syst, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
FU National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Climate Program
FX The authors want to thank Norman G. Loeb at NASA Langley for providing
CERES 1x1 daily gridded data. This work was supported by funding from
the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) Climate Program. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration or U.S. Government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2279
EP 2282
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650839
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802108
ER
PT S
AU Rank, R
McCormick, S
Cremidis, C
AF Rank, Robert
McCormick, Scott
Cremidis, Constantino
GP IEEE
TI NOAA ENTERPRISE ARCHIVE ACCESS TOOL (NEAAT): ACCELERATED APPLICATION
DEVELOPMENT (XAD)
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE CLASS; accelerated; application; development
AB A challenge for any consumer of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) environmental data archives is that the disparate nature of these archives makes it difficult for consumers to access data in a unified manner. If it were possible for consumers to have seamless access to these archives, they would be able to better utilize the data and thus maximize the return on investment for NOAA's archival program. When unified data access is coupled with sophisticated data querying and discovery techniques, it will be possible to provide consumers with access to richer data sets and services that extend the use of key NOAA data.
A traditional waterfall methodology is unlikely to keep up with the ever increasing volumes of data and number of data sources, and as a consequence the ever increasing number of access (interface) requirements driven by a ever increasing and diverse consumers. A new methodology that is more agile while at the time preserves the tenants of formal configuration management and appropriate approval and review cycles is necessary to effectively address this challenge.
C1 [Rank, Robert] NOAA, NESDIS, OSD, GSD, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[McCormick, Scott] Global Sci & Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Cremidis, Constantino] CSC, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
RP Rank, R (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, OSD, GSD, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2330
EP 2332
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5653174
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802121
ER
PT S
AU Rank, R
McCormick, S
Cremidis, C
AF Rank, Robert
McCormick, Scott
Cremidis, Constantino
GP IEEE
TI CLASS PLANS PROVIDING ARCHIVE, ACCESS, AND DISTRIBUTION SERVICES FOR
GOES-R DATA
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE CLASS; requirements; campaigns; stewardship; archive
AB The Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System (CLASS), a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Information Technology (IT) enterprise solution, supports NOAA's data archive and science data stewardship missions by providing the IT portion of an archive for environmental data. Currently, CLASS is part of a major 10-year growth program to add new data sets and functionality to support a broader user base. The CLASS requirements to support this growth are defined by NOAA's data centers in conjunction with their users and with data producers to ensure that science and other user requirements are clearly defined. These requirements are captured in documents that include requirements specifications, Interface Control Documents, and Submission Agreements that drive the changes needed to handle the future increases in user and data volumes. The paper will present CLASS' approach for other major data campaigns such as NPP, NPOESS, and NEXRAD, historical data, and its plans for going forward with the GOES-R data campaign.
C1 [Rank, Robert] NOAA NESDIS OSD GSD, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[McCormick, Scott] Global Sci & Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Cremidis, Constantino] CSC, Washington, DC USA.
RP Rank, R (reprint author), NOAA NESDIS OSD GSD, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2460
EP 2462
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5649262
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802155
ER
PT S
AU Carswell, JR
Perkovic, D
Chu, T
Frasier, SJ
Chang, P
Jelenak, Z
AF Carswell, James R.
Perkovic, Dragana
Chu, Tao
Frasier, Stephen J.
Chang, Paul
Jelenak, Zorana
GP IEEE
TI PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF SPLASH EFFECT ON HIGH WIND C-BAND HH-POL
MODEL FUNCTION
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Airborne scatterometer; C-band GMF; splash
AB The National Research Council Decadal Survey [1] identified the need for a future mission to provide accurate real-time observations of ocean wind vectors from calm to tropical cyclone wind conditions with or without the presence of rain. Tasked by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) developed a future scatterometer design that would leverage its success on the heritage of QuikSCAT but would provide more accurate measurements under all weather conditions through the use of Ku- and C-band coincident measurements of the ocean surface. To design a cost effective instrument for all weather operations from space the existing risks need to be mitigated. The work described in this paper attempts to validate results reported at hurricane strength winds in [2] and investigate the effects of splash caused by precipitation on the scatterometer wind estimation.
C1 [Carswell, James R.] Remote Sensing Solut, Barnstable, MA 02630 USA.
[Perkovic, Dragana] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Radar Sci & Engn Dept, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Chu, Tao; Frasier, Stephen J.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Chang, Paul; Jelenak, Zorana] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR UCAR, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Carswell, JR (reprint author), Remote Sensing Solut, Barnstable, MA 02630 USA.
RI Jelenak, Zorana/F-5596-2010; Frasier, Stephen/H-1536-2015
OI Jelenak, Zorana/0000-0003-0510-2973; Frasier,
Stephen/0000-0003-4287-2889
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2539
EP 2542
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5651890
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802176
ER
PT J
AU Atlas, R
AF Atlas, Robert
GP IEEE
TI REVIEW OF OBSERVING SYSTEM SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS TO EVALUATE THE
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF LIDAR WINDS ON WEATHER PREDICTION
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE OSSE; lidar; wind; weather
AB Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) are an important tool for evaluating the potential impact of proposed new observing systems, as well as for evaluating trade-offs in observing system design, and in developing and assessing improved methodology for assimilating new observations. Extensive OSSEs have been conducted at NASA/GSFC and NOAA/AOML in collaboration with Simpson Weather Associates and operational data assimilation centers over the last 25 years. These OSSEs determined correctly the quantitative potential for several proposed satellite observing systems to improve weather prediction prior to their launch, and evaluated trade-offs in orbits, coverage, and accuracy for space-based wind lidars. In this paper, we summarize OSSE methodology and present results from OSSEs to assess the potential impact of lidar winds.
C1 NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Atlas, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM robert.atlas@noaa.gov
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2587
EP 2590
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5654376
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802188
ER
PT S
AU Allan, GR
Hasselbrack, W
Riris, H
Abshire, JB
Weaver, C
Mao, JP
Sun, XL
Andrews, AE
AF Allan, Graham R.
Hasselbrack, William
Riris, Haris
Abshire, James B.
Weaver, Clark
Mao, Jianping
Sun, Xiaoli
Andrews, Arlyn E.
GP IEEE
TI REMOTE SENSING ATMOSPHERIC CO2 COLUMN ABUNDANCE USING AN AIRBORNE PULSED
LASER SOUNDER AT 13 KM ALTITUDE
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Planetary atmospheres; Carbon Dioxide; Spectroscopy; Laser radar
AB Accurate global measurements of tropospheric Carbon Dioxide abundance to the "parts per million" (ppm) level is required to better quantify processes that regulate CO2 exchange between atmosphere, land and ocean. To measure CO2 globally NASA has planned the ASCENDS mission, Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days and Seasons. We report on an airborne laser-based remote sensing instrument we have developed at NASA-GSFC as a candidate for the ACENDS mission. Preliminary analyses of data from initial flight testing to 13 km altitude indicates a CO2 mixing ratio of 396 ppm from CO2 column abundance where in situ sensors determine 390 ppm mixing ratio.
C1 [Allan, Graham R.; Hasselbrack, William] Sigma Space Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Riris, Haris; Abshire, James B.; Sun, Xiaoli] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Weaver, Clark; Mao, Jianping] Univ Maryland, GEST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Andrews, Arlyn E.] NOAA, ESRL, GMD, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Allan, GR (reprint author), Sigma Space Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
EM graham.allan@nasa.gov
RI Riris, Haris/D-1004-2013; Abshire, James/I-2800-2013; Andrews,
Arlyn/K-3427-2012; Allan, Graham/D-3905-2013
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2595
EP 2598
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5649889
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802190
ER
PT S
AU Schroeder, W
Csiszar, I
Giglio, L
Ellicott, E
Schmidt, CC
Hoffman, JP
Lindstrom, S
AF Schroeder, Wilfrid
Csiszar, Ivan
Giglio, Louis
Ellicott, Evan
Schmidt, Christopher C.
Hoffman, Jay P.
Lindstrom, Scott
GP IEEE
TI EARLY CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ACTIVE FIRE DETECTION PRODUCTS DERIVED
FROM THE NEXT GENERATION NPOESS/VIIRS AND GOES-R/ABI INSTRUMENTS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Remote Sensing; Fires; Validation
ID MODIS
AB In this study, we discuss the early characterization of the active fire products derived from NPOESS/VIIRS and GOES-R ABI proxy data generated using ASTER and MODIS L1B input data, respectively. Improvements in spatial resolution of both VIIRS and ABI instruments result in higher probability of detection compared to their predecessors (MODIS and GOES Imager, respectively). The onboard pixel aggregation scheme that will be applied to VIIRS M15 band used by the fire algorithm shall reduce the probability of fire detection for relatively small fires compared to the unaggregated data, whereas the lower saturation temperature of band M15 could result in more frequent ambiguous fire detection information.
C1 [Schroeder, Wilfrid] Univ Maryland, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Csiszar, Ivan] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Appl & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Giglio, Louis] Sci Syst & Appl Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Schmidt, Christopher C.; Hoffman, Jay P.; Lindstrom, Scott] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Stud, Madison, WI USA.
RP Schroeder, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Csiszar, Ivan/D-2396-2010
FU NPOESS Integrated Program Office (IPO); GOES-R program through Algorithm
Working Group at NOAA/NESDIS's Center for Satellite Applications and
Research
FX This work is being supported by the NPOESS Integrated Program Office
(IPO) and the GOES-R program through the Algorithm Working Group at
NOAA/NESDISs Center for Satellite Applications and Research.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 5
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2683
EP 2686
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650863
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802213
ER
PT S
AU Nunziata, F
Li, X
Migliaccio, M
Montuori, A
Pichel, W
AF Nunziata, F.
Li, X.
Migliaccio, M.
Montuori, A.
Pichel, W.
GP IEEE
TI METALLIC OBJECTS AND OIL SPILL DETECTION WITH MULTI-POLARIZATION SAR
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE SAR; polarimetry; metallic object; oil spill
AB In this study, two innovative physically-based approaches have been developed to detect man-made metallic objects and oil slicks in polarimetric SAR data. They are based on the different sea surface scattering mechanisms expected with and without oil slicks and metallic objects. Experiments, accomplished over Single Look Complex (SLC) Level 1.1 quad-pol L-band ALOS PALSAR SAR data, demonstrate the effectiveness of the two approaches for oil slick and metallic target detection purposes and witness the capability of ALOS PALSAR data for such applications.
C1 [Nunziata, F.; Migliaccio, M.; Montuori, A.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, I-80143 Naples, Italy.
[Li, X.] NOAA NESDIS, IMSG, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Pichel, W.] NOAA NESDIS, STAR, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Nunziata, F (reprint author), Univ Napoli Parthenope, I-80143 Naples, Italy.
RI Nunziata, Ferdinando/D-4054-2012;
OI Nunziata, Ferdinando/0000-0003-4567-0377; migliaccio,
maurizio/0000-0002-8363-3502; Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119
NR 6
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2765
EP 2768
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5648999
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933802234
ER
PT S
AU Wang, LK
Goldberg, M
Liu, XP
Zhou, LH
AF Wang, Likun
Goldberg, Mitch
Liu, Xingpin
Zhou, Lihang
GP IEEE
TI Assessment of Reanalysis Datasets Using AIRS and IASI Hyperspectral
Radiances
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE AIRS; Reanalysis; Validation; Radiances
AB Modern reanalysis datasets provide us with the best available four-dimensional, homogeneous datasets for studying the climate and weather systems and for possible validation of climate models. In order to have confidence in the use of reanalysis data for the above-mentioned studies, it is important to see how they compare with a common dataset with high data quality and to understand any discrepancies among them. In this study, the radiance measurements from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on NASA Aqua are used to assess the data quality of reanalysis datasets, including NASA's Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast's ERA-Interim Reanalysis, Japanese 25-year Reanalysis (JRA-25). Particularly, we focus on the spectral signature regions that are sensitive to stratosphere temperature and upper troposphere water vapor. The preliminary results on are presented.
C1 [Wang, Likun; Liu, Xingpin] Dell Perot Syst Govt Serv, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
[Goldberg, Mitch] NOAA NESDIS, STAR, Marietta, GA 20746 USA.
[Zhou, Lihang] NOAA, NPOESS IPO, Silver Spring, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Wang, LK (reprint author), Dell Perot Syst Govt Serv, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
RI Wang, Likun/B-7524-2008
OI Wang, Likun/0000-0001-5646-9746
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 2936
EP 2939
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650744
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933803021
ER
PT S
AU Hamlington, BD
Leben, RR
Godin, OA
Irisov, VG
AF Hamlington, B. D.
Leben, R. R.
Godin, O. A.
Irisov, V. G.
GP IEEE
TI ON THE FEASIBILITY OF TSUNAMI DETECTION USING SATELLITE-BASED SEA
SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENTS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE tsunami detection; satellite altimetry
ID OPEN-OCEAN; ALTIMETRY
AB Observations of tsunamis away from shore are critical for improving early warning systems and understanding of tsunami generation and propagation. Using analysis already applied to the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman tsunami, we positively identify the 2010 Chilean tsunami in satellite altimeter measurements of sea surface roughness. Use of radar backscattering strength measurements from satellite altimeters would be impractical for tsunami detection and early warning purposes due to the limited temporal and spatial resolution. On the other hand, it is likely that tsunami-induced changes in sea surface roughness are observable with other types of space-and airborne sensors that sense sea surface roughness over much wider swaths. With this in mind, we explore the feasibility of using existing instruments and technology as the basis for a tsunami detection and early warning system.
C1 [Hamlington, B. D.; Leben, R. R.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Godin, O. A.; Irisov, V. G.] Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Godin, O. A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hamlington, BD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 3035
EP 3038
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652522
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933803046
ER
PT J
AU Atlas, R
AF Atlas, Robert
GP IEEE
TI APPLICATION OF REMOTELY SENSED WIND MEASUREMENTS TO OCEAN SURFACE WIND
ANALYSES
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE microwave radiometry; scatterometry
AB The assimilation and validation of cross-calibrated, multi-satellite ocean surface wind data is described. The principal data set covers the global ocean for the twenty-two year period from 1987 through 2009 with six-hour and 25-km resolution. This data set is produced by combining all ocean surface wind speed observations from SSM/I, AMSR-E, and TMI, and all ocean surface wind vector observations from QuikSCAT and SeaWinds. An enhanced variational analysis method (VAM) performs quality control and combines these data with available ship and buoy data and ECMWF analyses. The VAM analyses fit the data used very closely and contain small-scale structures not present in operational analyses. Comparisons with withheld observations are also shown to be very good. These data should be extremely useful to atmospheric and oceanic research, and to air-sea interaction studies.
C1 NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Atlas, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM robert.atlas@noaa.gov
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 3538
EP 3540
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652511
PG 3
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933803173
ER
PT S
AU Cardellach, E
Rius, A
Cerezo, F
Garcia-Primo, MA
de la Torre-Juarez, M
Cucurull, L
Ector, D
AF Cardellach, E.
Rius, A.
Cerezo, F.
Garcia-Primo, M. A.
de la Torre-Juarez, M.
Cucurull, L.
Ector, D.
GP IEEE
TI POLARIMETRIC GNSS RADIO-OCCULTATIONS FOR HEAVY RAIN DETECTION
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE GNSS; GNSS Remote Sensing; GNSS Radio-Occultations; Atmospheric
Profiles; Heavy Precipitation
AB A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Radio-Occultation (RO) experiment is being accommodated in the Spanish Low Earth Orbiter (LEO) for Earth Observation PAZ. The RO-payload will provide globally distributed vertical thermodynamic profiles of the Atmosphere in Near Real-Time (NRT) suitable to be assimilated into Weather Numerical Prediction Models. The NRT operability will be dispensed by the Ground Segment services of the U. S. A. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Moreover, the mission will run, for the first time from Space, a double-polarization GNSS experiment, to assess the capabilities of polarimetric GNSS-RO for detection of heavy rain events.
C1 [Cardellach, E.; Rius, A.] ICE CSIC IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona, Spain.
[Cerezo, F.; Garcia-Primo, M. A.] HISDESAT, Madrid, Spain.
[de la Torre-Juarez, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Cucurull, L.; Ector, D.] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
RP Cardellach, E (reprint author), ICE CSIC IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona, Spain.
RI Cardellach, Estel/C-9418-2012; Cucurull, Lidia/E-8900-2015
OI Cardellach, Estel/0000-0001-8908-0972;
FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [ACI2009-1023,
AYA2008-05906-C02-02/ESP]; E.C; Ramon y Cajal Programme
FX ROHPP is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation,
projects ACI2009-1023 and AYA2008-05906-C02-02/ESP. E.C. is funded by
the Ramon y Cajal Programme. The ground campaign antenna is provided by
the UPC. Part of this research is carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Members of the ROHPP
International Science Team have contributed to the scientific
requirements of the ROHPP, ROHPP proposal, and the ground campaign
definition (particuarly to J. Turk, R. Kursinski, and T. Meehan). Figure
5 was generated with data provided by CLABSA.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 3841
EP 3844
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650907
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933803250
ER
PT S
AU Fusina, RA
Fry, JC
Nichols, CR
Bachmann, CM
Li, RR
Sellars, J
Parrish, C
Montes, MJ
Gross, C
White, SA
Lee, K
Jones, CA
AF Fusina, Robert A.
Fry, John C.
Nichols, C. Reid
Bachmann, Charles M.
Li, Rong-Rong
Sellars, Jon
Parrish, Chris
Montes, Marcos J.
Gross, Carl
White, Stephen A.
Lee, Krista
Jones, Christopher A.
GP IEEE
TI GEODATABASE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY EXPLOITATION
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE geodatabase; coast type; hyperspectral imagery; ground control;
geospatial analysis
AB Geodatabase development for coastal studies conducted by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is essential to support the exploitation of hyperspectral imagery (HSI). NRL has found that the remote sensing and mapping science community benefits from coastal classifications that group coastal types based on similar features. Selected features in project geodatabases relate to significant biological and physical forces that shape the coast. The project geodatabases help researchers understand factors that are necessary for imagery post processing, especially those features having a high degree of temporal and spatial variability. NRL project geodatabases include a hierarchy of environmental factors that extend from shallow water bottom types and beach composition to inland soil and vegetation characteristics. These geodatabases developed by NRL allow researchers to compare features among coast types. The project geodatabases may also be used to enhance littoral data archives that are sparse. This paper highlights geodatabase development for recent remote sensing experiments in barrier island, coral, and mangrove coast types.
C1 [Fusina, Robert A.; Bachmann, Charles M.; Li, Rong-Rong; Montes, Marcos J.; Gross, Carl] USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Coastal Sci & Interpretat Sect, Code 7232,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Fry, John C.; Nichols, C. Reid] Marine Informat Res Corp, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
[Sellars, Jon; Parrish, Chris; White, Stephen A.] NOAA NOS, Natl Geodet Surv, Remote Sensing Div, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Lee, Krista; Jones, Christopher A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Remote Sensing Ctr, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Fusina, RA (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Coastal Sci & Interpretat Sect, Code 7232,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM bachmann@nrl.navy.mil
RI Montes, Marcos/J-9239-2015
OI Montes, Marcos/0000-0002-4725-5380
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 4224
EP 4227
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5654182
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933804096
ER
PT J
AU Walker, DK
Gu, D
MacReynolds, K
Direen, R
Randa, J
Cox, AE
Houtz, D
Billinger, RL
AF Walker, D. K.
Gu, D.
MacReynolds, K.
Direen, R.
Randa, J.
Cox, A. E.
Houtz, D.
Billinger, R. L.
GP IEEE
TI COMPARISON OF MICROWAVE BLACK-BODY TARGET RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE Radiometer calibration; measurement uncertainty; calibration target
AB Accurate characterization of the brightness temperature (T(B)) of black-body targets used for calibrating microwave remote-sensing radiometers includes many inputs: antenna pattern and loss, target temperature, target emissivity, mechanical alignment, and radiometric T(B) measurements, all of which must be calibrated against physical standards. Here, we describe measurements made using several black-body targets and two different antennas within the WR-42 (18 to 26.5 GHz) waveguide band. Uncertainty estimates are also shown for the retrieved target T(B) measurements.
C1 [Walker, D. K.; Gu, D.; MacReynolds, K.; Direen, R.; Randa, J.; Cox, A. E.; Houtz, D.; Billinger, R. L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Walker, DK (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Gu, Dazhen/B-4854-2012
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 4278
EP 4281
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652481
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933804110
ER
PT S
AU Amarin, RA
Jones, L
Johnson, J
Ruf, C
Miller, TL
Uhlhorn, E
AF Amarin, Ruba A.
Jones, Linwood
Johnson, James
Ruf, Chris
Miller, Timothy L.
Uhlhorn, Eric
GP IEEE
TI THE HURRICANE IMAGING RADIOMETER WIDE SWATH SIMULATION AND WIND SPEED
RETRIEVALS
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
DE HIRAD; hurricane imaging; microwave radiometry; wind speed retrievals
AB The knowledge of peak winds in hurricanes is critical to classification of hurricane intensity; therefore, there is a strong interest in the operational remote sensing of ocean surface winds for monitoring tropical storms and hurricanes, especially those which threaten landfall. Presently, the airborne Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) is the state-of-the-art remote sensor for providing this information in real-time, during hurricane surveillance flights. However, for the future, NASA and NOAA are collaborating in the development of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD), which is a prototype of the next-generation high-flying airborne instrument for monitoring hurricanes.
This paper describes a realistic end-to-end simulation of HIRAD hurricane measurements while flying on an unmanned Global Hawk aircraft. The objective of this research is to develop baseline retrieval algorithms and provide a wind speed measurement accuracy assessment for the upcoming NASA hurricane field program, Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP), to be conducted in 2010.
C1 [Amarin, Ruba A.; Jones, Linwood; Johnson, James] Univ Cent Florida, Cent Florida Remote Sensing Lab, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Ruf, Chris] Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Miller, Timothy L.] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Uhlhorn, Eric] NOAA AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA.
RP Amarin, RA (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Cent Florida Remote Sensing Lab, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM ramarin@mail.ucf.edu
RI Ruf, Christopher/I-9463-2012
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 4290
EP 4293
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5650693
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933804113
ER
PT S
AU Zhan, XW
Anderson, M
Liu, JC
AF Zhan, Xiwu
Anderson, Martha
Liu, Jicheng
GP IEEE
TI MERGING THERMAL AND MICROWAVE SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS FOR A
HIGH-RESOLUTION SOIL MOISTURE DATA PRODUCT
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM
SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
on Remote Sensing - Global Vision for Local Action
CY JUN 25-30, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE
C1 [Zhan, Xiwu; Liu, Jicheng] NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Anderson, Martha] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Liu, Jicheng] IMSG Inc, NOAA, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Zhan, XW (reprint author), NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RI Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; Liu, Jicheng/B-4575-2009;
OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2153-6996
BN 978-1-4244-9566-5
J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE
PY 2010
BP 4440
EP +
DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2010.5652038
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BTS07
UT WOS:000287933804152
ER
PT S
AU Hale, PD
Dienstfrey, A
AF Hale, Paul D.
Dienstfrey, Andrew
GP IEEE
TI Waveform metrology and a quantitative study of regularized deconvolution
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY
CONFERENCE I2MTC 2010, PROCEEDINGS
SE IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference
(I2MTC)
CY MAY 03-06, 2010
CL Austin, TX
SP IEEE
ID ILL-POSED PROBLEMS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS
AB We present methodology and preliminary results of a Monte-Carlo simulation to perform a quantified analysis of regularized deconvolution in the context of full waveform metrology. We analyze the behavior of different regularized inversion methods with varying dimensionless parameters that serve as indicators of the problem difficulty, including: the ratio of input pulse duration to that of the system impulse response, signal to noise ratio, pulse shape, and/or the ratio of high frequency roll-off of input to system response. We characterize the waveform estimates in terms of pulse parameters and total error, comparing different Tikhonov deconvolution algorithms as well as commonly used heuristic approaches. We present a quantitative comparison of the relative merits of the different procedures, and compare the numerical performance with asymptotic analyses.
C1 [Hale, Paul D.; Dienstfrey, Andrew] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hale, PD (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM paul.hale@nist.gov; andrew.dienstfrey@nist.gov
RI Hale, Paul/B-1737-2013
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1091-5281
BN 978-1-4244-2833-5
J9 IEEE IMTC P
PY 2010
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTS80
UT WOS:000287997200077
ER
PT S
AU Gordon, JA
Holloway, CL
Jefferts, S
Heavner, T
AF Gordon, Joshua A.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Jefferts, Steve
Heavner, Tom
GP IEEE
TI Quantum-Based SI Traceable Electric-Field Probe
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC
2010)
SE IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP EMC Soc, IEEE
ID SODIUM
AB We are presently investigating the feasibility of developing a technique that will allow direct traceable microwave electric field (E-field) measurements. The new approach is based on atomic rf-resonance spectroscopy, where an applied electrical field causes a transition between high-lying Rydberg states of an atom. The new technique will allow direct E-field measurements traceable to fundamental physical constants and SI units. If successful, this self calibrating probe will provide more accurate field measurements along with better sensitivity than do present techniques. Direct traceable E-field measurements with sensitivities below 0.1 V/m could be possible.
C1 [Gordon, Joshua A.; Holloway, Christopher L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Jefferts, Steve; Heavner, Tom] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Gordon, JA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jagordon@boulder.nist.gov; holloway@boulder.nist.gov;
jefferts@boulder.nist.gov; heavner@boulder.nist.gov
FU Jim Bergquist; Michael Thorpe; Till Rosenband; Sara Bickman; NIST;
Boulder CO
FX We acknowledge the support from Jim Bergquist, Michael Thorpe, Till
Rosenband and Sara Bickman from the Physics Lab at NIST, Boulder CO for
their generous help and use of equipment supporting this effort.
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-110X
BN 978-1-4244-6307-7
J9 IEEE INT SYMP ELEC
PY 2010
BP 321
EP 324
DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2010.5711293
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BWU78
UT WOS:000294962100058
ER
PT S
AU Souryal, MR
Novotny, DR
Kuester, DG
Guerrieri, JR
Remley, KA
AF Souryal, Michael R.
Novotny, David R.
Kuester, Daniel G.
Guerrieri, Jeffrey R.
Remley, Kate A.
GP IEEE
TI Impact of RF Interference between a Passive RFID System and a Frequency
Hopping Communications System in the 900 MHz ISM Band
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC
2010)
SE IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP EMC Soc, IEEE
AB We present experimental measurements and analysis of RF interference between a passive RFID system and a generic frequency hopping communications system in the 902 MHz to 928 MHz ISM radio band. Interference in both directions is considered, RFID to communications and vice-versa, and interference mitigation strategies are assessed. Variables of interest include transmission power, antenna locations and polarization, and frequency hopping channel bandwidth and dwell time. Among the findings are the susceptibility of the RFID backscatter link to sources operating within regulatory limits, characterization of the performance asymmetry between the systems, and the constructive effect of interference to RFID at low powers.
C1 [Souryal, Michael R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Novotny, David R.; Guerrieri, Jeffrey R.; Remley, Kate A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kuester, Daniel G.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Souryal, MR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM michael.souryal@nist.gov; david.novotny@nist.gov;
daniel.kuester@nist.gov; jeffrey.guerrieri@nist.gov;
kate.remley@nist.gov
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-110X
BN 978-1-4244-6307-7
J9 IEEE INT SYMP ELEC
PY 2010
BP 495
EP 500
DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2010.5711325
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BWU78
UT WOS:000294962100090
ER
PT S
AU Coder, JB
Ladbury, JM
Holloway, CL
Remley, KA
AF Coder, Jason B.
Ladbury, John M.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Remley, Kate A.
GP IEEE
TI Examining the True Effectiveness of Loading a Reverberation Chamber How
to Get Your Chamber Consistently Loaded
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC
2010)
SE IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP EMC Soc, IEEE
DE Reverberation Chambers; RF Absorber; Power Decay Time; Wireless Deivce
Testing
AB In this paper we explore how placing the same amount of absorber in different locations within a reverberation chamber can have different loading effects. This difference can have a significant impact on measurement reproducibility, both for measurements in the same chamber and measurements between chambers (i.e., round robin style testing). We begin by discussing some of the theories behind this and show some experimental results from different absorber placements in a reverberation chamber. We conclude with some suggestions to ensure absorber is placed consistently.
C1 [Coder, Jason B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Engn, Campus Box 104,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
[Ladbury, John M.; Holloway, Christopher L.; Remley, Kate A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Coder, JB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Engn, Campus Box 104,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
EM jason.coder@nist.gov; john.ladbury@nist.gov
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-110X
BN 978-1-4244-6307-7
J9 IEEE INT SYMP ELEC
PY 2010
BP 530
EP 535
DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2010.5711332
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BWU78
UT WOS:000294962100097
ER
PT S
AU Ladbury, JM
Hill, DA
AF Ladbury, John M.
Hill, David A.
GP IEEE
TI An Improved Model for Antennas in Reverberation Chambers
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC
2010)
SE IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP EMC Soc, IEEE
AB We present an improved model for antennas in a reverberation chamber. The derivation of this model is more rigorous than previous derivations and models, but is still, admittedly, overly simplistic. However, this model should be applicable for a special class of antennas (those that can be modeled as an unknown 2-port network between the test port and an ideal antenna). For more realistic antennas, these models should still provide valuable insight into the possible behavior of any antenna. Using these models, we show that some previous assumptions regarding receiving characteristics (mismatch and efficiency) of an antenna are invalid: most significantly we show that there can be differences between the transmitting and receiving efficiency of an antenna, and also between the transmitting and receiving mismatch factors. However, we show that the errors are unimportant for most measurements. We also give justification for the assumption that the average reflection coefficient of an antenna in a reverberation chamber is simply the free-space reflection coefficient of the antenna.
C1 [Ladbury, John M.; Hill, David A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Ladbury, JM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway MS 818-02, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM john.ladbury@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-110X
BN 978-1-4244-6307-7
J9 IEEE INT SYMP ELEC
PY 2010
BP 663
EP 667
DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2010.5711356
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BWU78
UT WOS:000294962100121
ER
PT S
AU Kuester, DG
Novotny, DR
Guerrieri, JR
AF Kuester, Daniel G.
Novotny, David R.
Guerrieri, Jeffrey R.
GP IEEE
TI Forward and Reverse Link Constraints in UHF RFID with Passive Tags
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC
2010)
SE IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP EMC Soc, IEEE
AB This paper examines the relative roles of the forward and reverse links in determining the operational range of passive UHF RFID systems. Simple free space examples in free space show when the forward or reverse link may be the main range constraint in practical systems, depending on reader and tag characteristics. Measurements of transmission and scattering off of a dipole in a real environment demonstrate showed different multipath effects; transmission power fading squared disagreed with backscattered fading in the test environment by up to 8 dB within a measurement range of 2 m.
C1 [Kuester, Daniel G.; Novotny, David R.; Guerrieri, Jeffrey R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Kuester, DG (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM daniel.kuester@nist.gov; david.novotny@nist.gov;
jeffrey.guerrieri@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-110X
BN 978-1-4244-6307-7
J9 IEEE INT SYMP ELEC
PY 2010
BP 680
EP 685
DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2010.5711359
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BWU78
UT WOS:000294962100124
ER
PT S
AU Kim, K
Rice, P
Kabos, P
Filipovic, DS
AF Kim, Kichul
Rice, Paul
Kabos, Pavel
Filipovic, Dejan S.
GP IEEE
TI Full-wave Evaluation of Carbon Nanotubes as Microwave Interconnects
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC
2010)
SE IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
CY JUL 25-30, 2010
CL Ft Lauderdale, FL
SP EMC Soc, IEEE
ID WIRES
AB Microwave interconnect configurations composed of single wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are studied in this paper. Specifically, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) enabled nano-coaxial line with individual CNTs comprising the inner conductor, CNT Goubau line with ALD enabled alumina coating, a nano-coaxial line with inner conductor composed of CNT bundles, and Goubau lines of CNT bundles are discussed. The characteristic impedance and losses of these interconnects are compared with the similar size copper-based transmission lines. Full wave simulations with incorporated quantum effects are conducted using finite element and method of moments tools ANSYS HFSS1 and EMSS FEKO1, respectively. A thorough modeling validation, interconnect design and analysis are carried out over the wide microwave spectrum. Obtained results clearly show that although their inherent loss and impedance are high, the CNT interconnects can indeed outperform their copper counterparts with lower loss and impedance, and that observation is reinforced with decreasing the CNT radius.
C1 [Kim, Kichul; Filipovic, Dejan S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rice, Paul] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kabos, Pavel] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Kim, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kkkim@colorado.edu; pavel.kabos@nist.gov; dejan@colorado.edu
FU DARPA Center on Nanoscale Science and Technology for Integrated
Micro/Nano-Electromechanical Transducers (iMINT); DARPAN/MEMS S&T
Fundamentals Program [HR0011-06-1-0048]
FX The studies conducted by the authors from the University of
Colorado-Boulder are supported by the DARPA Center on Nanoscale Science
and Technology for Integrated Micro/Nano-Electromechanical Transducers
(iMINT) funded by DARPAN/MEMS S&T Fundamentals Program
(HR0011-06-1-0048) (Dr. D. L. Polla, Program Manager).
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2158-110X
BN 978-1-4244-6307-7
J9 IEEE INT SYMP ELEC
PY 2010
BP 853
EP 856
DI 10.1109/ISEMC.2010.5711391
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BWU78
UT WOS:000294962100156
ER
PT S
AU Maximoff, JR
Trela, MD
Kuhn, DR
Kacker, R
AF Maximoff, Joshua R.
Trela, Michael D.
Kuhn, D. Richard
Kacker, Raghu
GP IEEE
TI A Method for Analyzing System State-space Coverage within a t-Wise
Testing Framework
SO 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS CONFERENCE
SE Annual IEEE Systems Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th IEEE International Systems Conference
CY APR 05-08, 2010
CL San Diego, CA
SP IEEE, IEEE Syst Council, Int Council Syst Engn
DE state-space coverage; verification and validation (V&V); t-wise testing;
partial t-wise testing; configuration model; component interaction
failure
AB Inadequate state-space coverage of complex configurable systems during test phases is an area of concern for systems engineers. Determining the state-space coverage of a proposed or executed test suite traditionally involves qualitative assessment, rendering meaningful comparative analysis between tests for a given system or across multiple systems difficult. We propose a method for assessing state-space coverage of a test suite utilizing t-wise testing, a combinatorial technique borrowed from the software testing community which generalizes pair-wise testing. We refine traditional notions of a t-wise test suite to analyze the configuration coverage of a test plan. This provides a methodology and a set of metrics to assess both the level and the distribution of state-space coverage. We detail a proof-of-concept experiment using this partial t-wise coverage framework to analyze Integration and Test (I& T) data from three separate NASA spacecraft.
C1 [Maximoff, Joshua R.] JHU APL, Embedded Applicat Grp, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Trela, Michael D.] JHU APL, Syst Engn Grp, Laurel, MD USA.
[Kuhn, D. Richard] NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kacker, Raghu] NIST, Math & Computat Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Maximoff, JR (reprint author), JHU APL, Embedded Applicat Grp, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM joshua.maximoff@jhuapl.edu; michael.trela@jhuapl.edu; d.kuhn@nist.gov;
raghu.kacker@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1944-7620
BN 978-1-4244-5883-7
J9 ANN IEEE SYST CONF
PY 2010
BP 598
EP 603
DI 10.1109/SYSTEMS.2010.5482481
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management
Science
SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science
GA BH0DQ
UT WOS:000394671800100
ER
PT S
AU Rocas, E
Collado, C
Orloff, N
Booth, JC
AF Rocas, Eduard
Collado, Carlos
Orloff, Nathan
Booth, James C.
GP IEEE
TI Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion due to Self-heating in Gold
Coplanar Waveguides
SO 2010 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (MTT)
SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest
CY MAY 23-28, 2010
CL Anaheim, CA
SP IEEE
DE Coplanar waveguides; nonlinearities; electrothermal effects;
intermodulation distortion
ID RF POWER
AB We present measurements and modeling of a self-heating mechanism responsible for third-order intermodulation distortion in coplanar waveguide transmission lines. Temperature variations, at the envelope frequency of the input signal, induce dynamic changes in the distributed resistance that, when mixed with the fundamental tones, give rise to intermodulation.
C1 [Rocas, Eduard; Collado, Carlos] Univ Politecn Cataluna, ES-08034 Barcelona, Cat, Spain.
[Rocas, Eduard; Collado, Carlos; Orloff, Nathan; Booth, James C.] Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Rocas, E (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cataluna, ES-08034 Barcelona, Cat, Spain.
RI collado, carlos/B-1651-2010
OI collado, carlos/0000-0002-8869-2739
FU Spanish Government (CICYT) [TEC-2006-13248-C04- 02ITCM]; Generalitat de
Catalunya [2008- BE2-00196]; [BES-2007-16775]
FX This work was partially supported by the Spanish Government (CICYT)
under Grant TEC-2006-13248-C04- 02ITCM. E.R. thanks the support from
BES-2007-16775. C.C thanks the support from Generalitat de Catalunya,
grant 2008- BE2-00196. The authors thank David Novotny for his help in
performing this work.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0149-645X
BN 978-1-4244-6057-1
J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR
PY 2010
BP 425
EP 428
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTV71
UT WOS:000288196500109
ER
PT S
AU Kim, K
Wallis, TM
Rice, P
Chiang, CJ
Imtiaz, A
Kabos, P
Filipovic, DS
AF Kim, Kichul
Wallis, T. Mitch
Rice, Paul
Chiang, Chin-Jen
Imtiaz, Atif
Kabos, Pavel
Filipovic, Dejan S.
GP IEEE
TI Modeling and Metrology of Metallic Nanowires with Application to
Microwave Interconnects
SO 2010 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (MTT)
SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest
CY MAY 23-28, 2010
CL Anaheim, CA
SP IEEE
DE Interconnects; nanowires; modeling; measurement; conductivity; contact
impedance
AB Broadband characterization of individual metallic nanowires for microwave interconnect applications is discussed. Circuit and method of moments (MoM) modeling are benchmarked using a set of coplanar waveguide (CPW) test devices with Au microwire (MW) interconnect and air gaps in the middle of the CPW. Comparison with measurements reveals significantly larger errors from circuit models though all dimensions are much smaller than wavelength. Similar CPW devices hosting 100 nm and 250 nm diameter Pt nanowires (NWs) are then investigated to determine the ranges of conductivity and contact resistance for each Pt NW. An algorithm that utilizes the transmission line theory and different nanowire lengths to determine the actual conductivity and contact resistance is proposed and validated.
C1 [Kim, Kichul; Filipovic, Dejan S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wallis, T. Mitch; Kabos, Pavel] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Rice, Paul] Univ Colorado, Dept Engn Mech, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Chiang, Chin-Jen] Natl Changhua Univ Educ, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
RP Kim, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0149-645X
BN 978-1-4244-6057-1
J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR
PY 2010
BP 1292
EP 1295
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA BTV71
UT WOS:000288196501094
ER
PT S
AU Yeary, M
Crain, G
Zahrai, A
Kelley, R
Meier, J
Zhang, Y
Ivic, I
Curtis, C
Palmer, R
Yu, TY
Doviak, R
AF Yeary, M.
Crain, G.
Zahrai, A.
Kelley, R.
Meier, J.
Zhang, Y.
Ivic, I.
Curtis, C.
Palmer, R.
Yu, T. -Y.
Doviak, R.
GP IEEE
TI Phased Array Weather/Multipurpose Radar
SO 2010 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE
SE IEEE National Radar Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE Radar Conference
CY MAY 10-14, 2010
CL Washington, DC
SP IEEE
ID SPACED-ANTENNA INTERFEROMETRY
AB The first phased array radar dedicated to weather observation and analysis is now instrumented with eight, simultaneous digital receivers. The addition of these additional channels will enable the use of advanced signal processing to improve signal/clutter in an adaptive mode. Elimination of strong point and ground clutter returns from the low-level, volumetrically distributed weather cell returns is a new application of adaptive processing. The NSF funded 8-channel receiver has been added to the National Weather Radar Testbed (NWRT) system in Norman, OK to enable operation as a multifunction and/or adaptive processing system. This paper will describe the system concept, system installation and early results from fielded weather data returns.
C1 [Yeary, M.; Crain, G.; Kelley, R.; Meier, J.; Zhang, Y.; Palmer, R.; Yu, T. -Y.] Univ Oklahoma, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Zahrai, A.; Meier, J.; Ivic, I.; Curtis, C.; Doviak, R.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Yeary, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
FU National Science Foundation's Major Research Instrumentation (MRI)
[ATM-0723132]
FX Partial support for this work was provided by the National Science
Foundation's Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) program under grant
ATM-0723132
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1097-5659
BN 978-1-4244-5812-7
J9 IEEE NATL RADAR CONF
PY 2010
BP 140
EP 143
DI 10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494638
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTO60
UT WOS:000287532500028
ER
PT S
AU Donley, EA
AF Donley, E. A.
GP IEEE
TI Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyroscopes
SO 2010 IEEE SENSORS
SE IEEE Sensors
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE Sensors Conference
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL Kona, HI
SP IEEE
ID LEVEL CROSSING RESONANCES; RUBIDIUM VAPOR; SPIN-EXCHANGE; GAS NUCLEI;
HE-3 GAS; XE-131; POLARIZATION; ATOMS; RELAXATION; PHASE
AB Nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (NMRGs) detect rotation as a shift in the Larmor precession frequency of nuclear spins. A review of the open literature on NMRGs is presented, which includes an introduction to the spectroscopic techniques that enable NMRGs and a discussion of the design details for several specific NMRGs that have been built.
C1 NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Donley, EA (reprint author), NIST, Div Time & Frequency, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM edonley@boulder.nist.gov
RI Donley, Elizabeth/A-4525-2010
NR 70
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 34
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-0395
BN 978-1-4244-8168-2
J9 IEEE SENSOR
PY 2010
BP 17
EP 22
DI 10.1109/ICSENS.2010.5690983
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTS59
UT WOS:000287982100004
ER
PT S
AU Raman, B
Shenoy, R
Meier, DC
Benkstein, KD
Semancik, S
AF Raman, Baranidharan
Shenoy, Rupa
Meier, Douglas C.
Benkstein, Kurt D.
Semancik, Steve
GP IEEE
TI A MEMS-Based Approach that Uses Temperature-Dependent Sensing Responses
to Recognize Chemical Targets in Untrained Backgrounds
SO 2010 IEEE SENSORS
SE IEEE Sensors
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE Sensors Conference
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL Kona, HI
SP IEEE
ID SENSORS; MODEL
AB A major practical challenge for solid state microsensors is the detection of trace chemical species over time and in complex gas-phase backgrounds. We describe a MEMS-based, chemiresistive technology that has succeeded in such problems by combining oxide nanomaterials on microscale platforms, acquisition of dense temperature-dependent response data streams, and novel signal processing methods. Unlike the operation and analysis employed with many electronic noses, our higher dimensional approach captures surface electronic implications of changing adsorptive/reactive phenomena caused by rapid thermal cycling. Here, we demonstrate new capabilities for recognizing toxic targets over extended time periods, even in untrained backgrounds that contain aggressive contaminants at higher concentrations. The approach involves a moving-window, correlation-based methodology to identify chemical events and decouple the foreground conditions from the background.
C1 [Raman, Baranidharan] Washington Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Shenoy, Rupa; Meier, Douglas C.; Benkstein, Kurt D.; Semancik, Steve] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Raman, B (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM steves@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Science and Technology
Directorate; NIH(NIBIB)- NIST Joint Postdoctoral Associateship Award
administered through the National Research Council
FX We acknowledge partial financial support of this project by the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate. BR
was supported by a NIH(NIBIB)- NIST Joint Postdoctoral Associateship
Award administered through the National Research Council. We also thank
Mike Carrier and Chip Montgomery for their valuable contributions to
this project.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-0395
BN 978-1-4244-8168-2
J9 IEEE SENSOR
PY 2010
BP 1262
EP 1266
DI 10.1109/ICSENS.2010.5690597
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTS59
UT WOS:000287982100279
ER
PT S
AU Perez, MA
Knappe, S
Kitching, J
AF Perez, Maximillian A.
Knappe, Svenja
Kitching, John
GP IEEE
TI MEMS Techniques for the Parallel Fabrication of Chip Scale Atomic
Devices
SO 2010 IEEE SENSORS
SE IEEE Sensors
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE Sensors Conference
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL Kona, HI
SP IEEE
ID VAPOR CELLS; FREQUENCY REFERENCES; MAGNETOMETER; CLOCKS
AB The Atomic Devices and Instrumentation Group at NIST Boulder is working with the MEMS and Nanotechnology Exchange (MNX) to develop an Atomic MEMS process technology module for Chip Scale Atomic Devices (CSADs). Such devices are of continuing research interest as a key technology in a number of U. S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) programs and are being investigated for use in advanced frequency referencing, magnetometry and inertial sensing. The pursued module is designed to reduce development time and cost in CSAD research programs by providing a proven process to fabricate the elements commonly needed in most CSAD projects at the wafer level. The integrated platform provides thermal isolation, cell heating and electromagnetic control forming a 'smart' package for miniature atomic vapor cells. This paper describes the design of the package made available through the MNX module. The device will able to thermally stabilize a vapor cell at 150 C with less than 5 mW of heater power. In addition, a system is currently under development at NIST Boulder designed to allow wafer-level, parallel fabrication of micromachined atomic vapor cells. The fabrication system will be suitable for use in the R&D fabrication facilities, such as those comprising the MNX network.
C1 [Perez, Maximillian A.; Knappe, Svenja; Kitching, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Devices & Instrumentat Grp, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Perez, MA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Devices & Instrumentat Grp, Boulder, CO USA.
EM max.perez@nist.gov
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-0395
BN 978-1-4244-8168-2
J9 IEEE SENSOR
PY 2010
BP 2155
EP 2158
DI 10.1109/ICSENS.2010.5690546
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTS59
UT WOS:000287982100475
ER
PT S
AU Afridi, MY
Geist, J
AF Afridi, M. Yaqub
Geist, Jon
GP IEEE
TI MEMS Microhotplate Temperature Sensor BIST: Importance and Applications
SO 2010 IEEE SENSORS
SE IEEE Sensors
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2010 IEEE Sensors Conference
CY NOV 01-04, 2010
CL Kona, HI
SP IEEE
AB This paper describe the importance of temperature sensor built-in self test (BIST) for microhotplate-based sensors. It shows possible ways to implement BIST functionality for microhotplate temperature sensors, including resistance temperature detectors (RTD), microhotplate thermal efficiency, and Thermocouples. A calibration technique is discussed and conclusions are given.
C1 [Afridi, M. Yaqub; Geist, Jon] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Afridi, MY (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM afridi@nist.gov; Jon.geist@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1930-0395
BN 978-1-4244-8168-2
J9 IEEE SENSOR
PY 2010
BP 2159
EP 2160
DI 10.1109/ICSENS.2010.5690549
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BTS59
UT WOS:000287982100476
ER
PT S
AU Krasnopolsky, VM
Fox-Rabinovitz, MS
Belochitski, AA
AF Krasnopolsky, Vladimir M.
Fox-Rabinovitz, Michael S.
Belochitski, Alexei A.
GP IEEE
TI Development of Neural Network Convection Parameterizations for Numerical
Climate and Weather Prediction Models using Cloud Resolving Model
Simulations
SO 2010 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS IJCNN 2010
SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT World Congress on Computational Intelligence (WCCI 2010)
CY 2010
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP IEEE
ID UNCERTAINTIES; EMULATION; RADIATION; ACCURATE; LONGWAVE
AB A novel approach based on the neural network (NN) technique is formulated and used for development of a NN ensemble stochastic convection parameterization for numerical climate and weather prediction models. This fast parameterization is built based on data from Cloud Resolving Model (CRM) simulations initialized with TOGA-COARE data. CRM emulated data are averaged and projected onto the General Circulation Model (GCM) space of atmospheric states to implicitly define a stochastic convection parameterization. This parameterization is comprised as an ensemble of neural networks. The developed NNs are trained and tested. The inherent uncertainty of the stochastic convection parameterization derived in such a way is estimated. The major challenges of development of stochastic NN parameterizations are discussed based on our initial results.
C1 [Krasnopolsky, Vladimir M.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Fox-Rabinovitz, Michael S.; Belochitski, Alexei A.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Krasnopolsky, VM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM Vladimir.Krasnopolsky@noaa.gov; foxrab@essic.umd.edu;
foxrab@essic.umd.edu
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2161-4393
BN 978-1-4244-6917-8
J9 IEEE IJCNN
PY 2010
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware &
Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering,
Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BTN74
UT WOS:000287421403135
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, F
Cheung, KP
Campbell, JP
Suehle, J
AF Zhang, F.
Cheung, K. P.
Campbell, J. P.
Suehle, J.
GP IEEE
TI Frequency-Dependent Charge-Pumping: The Depth Question Revisited
SO 2010 INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM
SE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Reliability Physics Symposium
CY APR 10-14, 2011
CL Monterey, CA
DE frequency dependent charge pumping
ID OXIDE TRAPS
AB A popular defect depth-profiling technique, frequency-dependent charge-pumping is carefully re-examined. Without complicated math of modeling, the physics behind the technique is examined clearly. It is shown that there is no unique relationship between the measurement frequency and the probed depth. The conclusion is that frequency-dependent charge-pumping is not a defect depth-profiling technique.
C1 [Zhang, F.; Cheung, K. P.; Campbell, J. P.; Suehle, J.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, F (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kpckpc@ieee.org
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-5431-0
J9 INT REL PHY
PY 2010
BP 804
EP 806
DI 10.1109/IRPS.2010.5488731
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BTO50
UT WOS:000287515600131
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, JP
Cheung, KP
Yu, LC
Suehle, JS
Sheng, K
Oates, A
AF Campbell, J. P.
Cheung, K. P.
Yu, L. C.
Suehle, J. S.
Sheng, K.
Oates, A.
GP IEEE
TI New Methods for the Direct Extraction of Mobility and Series Resistance
from a Single Ultra-Scaled Device
SO 2010 SYMPOSIUM ON VLSI TECHNOLOGY, DIGEST OF TECHNICAL PAPERS
SE Symposium on VLSI Technology-Digest of Technical Papers
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSIT)
CY JUN 15-17, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc (EDS), Japan Soc Appl Phys (JSAP)
ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; TRANSISTORS
C1 [Campbell, J. P.; Cheung, K. P.; Yu, L. C.; Suehle, J. S.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yu, L. C.; Sheng, K.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Oates, A.] TSMC Ltd, Hsinchu 300-77, Taiwan.
RP Campbell, JP (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kpckpc@ieee.org
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-7637-4
J9 S VLSI TECH
PY 2010
BP 75
EP +
DI 10.1109/VLSIT.2010.5556178
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA BTO43
UT WOS:000287495500027
ER
PT S
AU Borkowski, M
Ciurylo, R
Julienne, PS
Tojo, S
Enomoto, K
Takahashi, Y
AF Borkowski, M.
Ciurylo, R.
Julienne, P. S.
Tojo, S.
Enomoto, K.
Takahashi, Y.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI Influence of ground-state scattering properties on photoassociation
spectra near the intercombination line of bosonic ytterbium
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE ultracold atomic collisions; molecular potentials; photoassociation
spectroscopy; shape resonances
ID SPECTROSCOPY; COLLISIONS
AB We study theoretically the properties of photoassociation spectra near the S-1(0)-P-3(1) intercombination line of bosonic ytterbium. We construct a mass scaled model of the excited state interaction potential that well describes bound state energies obtained in a previous photoassociation experiment. We then use it to calculate theoretical photoassociation spectra in a range of ultracold temperatures using semianalytical theory developed by Bohn and Julienne.
Photoassociation spectra not only give us the energies of excited bound states, but also provide information about the behavior of the ground state wavefunction. In fact, it can be shown that within the so-called reflection approximation the line intensity is proportional to the ground state wavefunction at the transition's Condon point. We show that in the case of ytterbium, the rotational structure of the photoassociation spectra depends heavily on the behavior of the ground-state wavefunction. The change of the scattering length from one isotope to another and the resulting occurence of shape resonances in higher partial waves determines the appearance and disapperance of rotational components, especially in the deeper lying states, whose respective Condon points lie near the ground state centrifugal barrier. Thus, photoassociation spectra differ qualitatively between isotopes.
C1 [Borkowski, M.; Ciurylo, R.] Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Ul Grudziadzka, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Julienne, P. S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Julienne, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tojo, S.] Gakushuin Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718588, Japan.
[Enomoto, K.] Toyama Univ, Dept Phys, Toyama 9308588, Japan.
[Takahashi, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
RP Borkowski, M (reprint author), Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Ul Grudziadzka, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Borkowski, Mateusz/C-2499-2013; Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Julienne,
Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-73540-845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 34
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517578
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTH77
UT WOS:000286948500006
ER
PT S
AU Borkowski, M
Ciurylo, R
Julienne, PS
Tojo, S
Enomoto, K
Takahashi, Y
AF Borkowski, M.
Ciurylo, R.
Julienne, P. S.
Tojo, S.
Enomoto, K.
Takahashi, Y.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI Influence of ground-state scattering properties on photoassociation
spectra near the intercombination line of bosonic ytterbium
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE ultracold atomic collisions; molecular potentials; photoassociation
spectroscopy; shape resonances
ID SPECTROSCOPY; COLLISIONS
AB We study theoretically the properties of photoassociation spectra near the S-1(0)-P-3(1) intercombination line of bosonic ytterbium. We construct a mass scaled model of the excited state interaction potential that well describes bound state energies obtained in a previous photoassociation experiment. We then use it to calculate theoretical photoassociation spectra in a range of ultracold temperatures using semianalytical theory developed by Bohn and Julienne.
Photoassociation spectra not only give us the energies of excited bound states, but also provide information about the behavior of the ground state wavefunction. In fact, it can be shown that within the so-called reflection approximation the line intensity is proportional to the ground state wavefunction at the transition's Condon point. We show that in the case of ytterbium, the rotational structure of the photoassociation spectra depends heavily on the behavior of the ground-state wavefunction. The change of the scattering length from one isotope to another and the resulting occurence of shape resonances in higher partial waves determines the appearance and disapperance of rotational components, especially in the deeper lying states, whose respective Condon points lie near the ground state centrifugal barrier. Thus, photoassociation spectra differ qualitatively between isotopes.
C1 [Borkowski, M.; Ciurylo, R.] Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Ul Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Julienne, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tojo, S.] Gakushuin Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo, 1718588, Japan.
[Enomoto, K.] Univ Toyama, Dept Phys, Toyama, 9308555, Japan.
[Takahashi, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
RP Borkowski, M (reprint author), Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Ul Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Borkowski, Mateusz/C-2499-2013; Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Julienne,
Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU JSPS [18204035]; GCOE; MEXT of Japan; Office of Naval Research; National
Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1489 33]
FX This work was partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research of JSPS (18204035) and GCOE "The Next Generation of Physics,
Spun from Universality and Emergence" from MEXT of Japan. PSJ was
supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. The research is part
of the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland and
partially supported by the Polish MNISW (Project No. N N202 1489 33).
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 34
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517578
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTG70
UT WOS:000286908200006
ER
PT S
AU Bielska, K
Havey, DK
Scace, GE
Lisak, D
Hodges, JT
AF Bielska, K.
Havey, D. K.
Scace, G. E.
Lisak, D.
Hodges, J. T.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI Application of precise line shape measurements to determine the vapor
pressure of ice in the temperature range from 0 to-70 degrees C
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE vapor pressure of ice; spectral line shapes; CRDS
ID WATER
AB We performed spectroscopic measurement of the vapor pressure of ice. We describe an experimental method that enables such a measurement over a wide temperature range that covers the change of the vapor pressure of ice by a few orders of magnitude. Our preliminary results have relative uncertainties at the sub-percent level and are compared to correlations given by Wexler [A. Wexler, J. Res. NBS 81A, 5 (1977)] and Marti and Mauersberger [J. Marti and K. Mauersberger, Geophys. Res. Lett. 20,363 (1993)].
C1 [Bielska, K.; Lisak, D.] Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Ul Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Havey, D. K.; Scace, G. E.; Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bielska, K (reprint author), Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Ul Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Bielska, Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Lisak, Daniel/E-1470-2014
FU NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs; National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1255 35]
FX This research was supported by the NIST Office of Microelectronics
Programs. We also acknowledge additional support by the Program of the
National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland and the Polish MNISW Project
No. N N202 1255 35.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-73540-845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 169
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517549
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTH77
UT WOS:000286948500026
ER
PT S
AU Bielska, K
Havey, DK
Scace, GE
Lisak, D
Hodges, JT
AF Bielska, K.
Havey, D. K.
Scace, G. E.
Lisak, D.
Hodges, J. T.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI Application of precise line shape measurements to determine the vapor
pressure of ice in the temperature range from 0 to-70 degrees C
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE vapor pressure of ice; spectral line shapes; CRDS
ID SPECTROSCOPY; WATER
AB We performed spectroscopic measurement of the vapor pressure of ice. We describe an experimental method that enables such a measurement over a wide temperature range that covers the change of the vapor pressure of ice by a few orders of magnitude. Our preliminary results have relative uncertainties at the sub-percent level and are compared to correlations given by Wexler [A. Wexler, J. Res. NBS 81A, 5 (1977)] and Marti and Mauersberger [J. Marti and K. Mauersberger, Geophys. Res. Lett. 20,363 (1993)].
C1 [Bielska, K.; Lisak, D.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Havey, D. K.; Scace, G. E.; Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bielska, K (reprint author), Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Ul Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Bielska, Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Lisak, Daniel/E-1470-2014
FU NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs; National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1255 35]
FX This research was supported by the NIST Office of Microelectronics
Programs. We also acknowledge additional support by the Program of the
National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland and the Polish MNISW Project
No. N N202 1255 35.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 169
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517549
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTG70
UT WOS:000286908200026
ER
PT S
AU Lisak, D
Maslowski, P
Cygan, A
Bielska, K
Wojtewicz, S
Piwinski, M
Hodges, JT
Trawinski, RS
Ciurylo, R
AF Lisak, D.
Maslowski, P.
Cygan, A.
Bielska, K.
Wojtewicz, S.
Piwinski, M.
Hodges, J. T.
Trawinski, R. S.
Ciurylo, R.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI CRDS investigation of line shapes and intensities of the oxygen B-band
transitions at low pressures
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE Spectral line shapes and intensities; cavity ring-down spectroscopy;
molecular oxygen spectra
ID A-BAND; SPECTRAL LINES; SPECTROSCOPY; O-2; SPECTROMETER; PARAMETERS;
COLLISION; PROFILES; DOPPLER; N-2
AB We performed high resolution line shape and line intensity measurements of self-broadened O-2 b(1)Sigma(+)(g)(nu = 1) <- X-3 Sigma(-)(g) (nu = 0) band transitions using the frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy technique under relatively low-pressure conditions. We compared our measured line intensities, which had relative uncertainties below 0.7%, to available data.
C1 [Lisak, D.; Maslowski, P.; Cygan, A.; Bielska, K.; Wojtewicz, S.; Piwinski, M.; Trawinski, R. S.; Ciurylo, R.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lisak, D (reprint author), Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Bielska, Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Trawinski, Ryszard /G-3523-2014;
Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Maslowski, Piotr/H-4476-2014; Lisak,
Daniel/E-1470-2014; Wojtewicz, Szymon/A-5425-2015; Piwinski,
Mariusz/D-6648-2014; Cygan, Agata/E-1393-2014
OI Maslowski, Piotr/0000-0001-8882-7106; Piwinski,
Mariusz/0000-0001-5847-2578;
FU National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1255 35,
N N202 1489 33, MR UMK 503-F]
FX The research is part of the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland and supported by the Polish MNISW Project No. N N202 1255
35 and N N202 1489 33, and by Grant JMR UMK 503-F.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 174
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517550
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTG70
UT WOS:000286908200027
ER
PT S
AU Lisak, D
Maslowski, P
Cygan, A
Bielska, K
Wojtewicz, S
Piwinski, M
Hodges, JT
Trawinski, RS
Ciurylo, R
AF Lisak, D.
Maslowski, P.
Cygan, A.
Bielska, K.
Wojtewicz, S.
Piwinski, M.
Hodges, J. T.
Trawinski, R. S.
Ciurylo, R.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI CRDS investigation of line shapes and intensities of the oxygen B-band
transitions at low pressures
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE Spectral line shapes and intensities; cavity ring-down spectroscopy;
molecular oxygen spectra
ID A-BAND; SPECTRAL LINES; SPECTROSCOPY; O-2; SPECTROMETER; PARAMETERS;
COLLISION; PROFILES; DOPPLER; N-2
AB We performed high resolution line shape and line intensity measurements of self-broadened O-2 b(1)Sigma(+)(g)(v = 1) <- X-3 Sigma(-)(g) (v = 0) band transitions using the frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy technique under relatively low-pressure conditions. We compared our measured line intensities, which had relative uncertainties below 0.7%, to available data.
C1 [Lisak, D.; Maslowski, P.; Cygan, A.; Bielska, K.; Wojtewicz, S.; Piwinski, M.; Trawinski, R. S.; Ciurylo, R.] Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lisak, D (reprint author), Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Bielska, Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Trawinski, Ryszard /G-3523-2014;
Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Maslowski, Piotr/H-4476-2014; Lisak,
Daniel/E-1470-2014; Wojtewicz, Szymon/A-5425-2015; Piwinski,
Mariusz/D-6648-2014; Cygan, Agata/E-1393-2014
OI Maslowski, Piotr/0000-0001-8882-7106; Piwinski,
Mariusz/0000-0001-5847-2578;
FU National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1255 35,
N N202 1489 33]; [JMR UMK 503-F]
FX The research is part of the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland and supported by the Polish MNISW Project No. N N202 1255
35 and N N202 1489 33, and by Grant JMR UMK 503-F.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-73540-845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 174
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517550
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTH77
UT WOS:000286948500027
ER
PT S
AU Cygan, A
Lisak, D
Maslowski, P
Bielska, K
Wojtewicz, S
Domyslawska, J
Abe, H
Hodges, JT
Trawinski, RS
Ciurylo, R
AF Cygan, A.
Lisak, D.
Maslowski, P.
Bielska, K.
Wojtewicz, S.
Domyslawska, J.
Abe, H.
Hodges, J. T.
Trawinski, R. S.
Ciurylo, R.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI Frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a PDH locked
laser
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE cavity ring-down spectroscopy; Pound-Drever-Hall method; line shapes
measurements
ID SPECTROMETER
AB We present recent improvements of a frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy setup in which the Pound-Drever-Hall technique is used to lock the probe laser to the ring-down cavity. This approach, which yields a high repetition rate of ring-down events of approximately 7.7 kHz, and narrowing of the probe laser line width below 20 kHz, enables a five-fold increase in the signal-to-noise ratio. Using line shape measurements to illustrate system performance, we demonstrate improvements in the spectrometer perfomance afforded by the PDH.
C1 [Cygan, A.; Lisak, D.; Maslowski, P.; Bielska, K.; Wojtewicz, S.; Domyslawska, J.; Trawinski, R. S.; Ciurylo, R.] Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Abe, H.] Natl Metrol Inst Japan NMIJ, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058563, Japan.
[Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cygan, A (reprint author), Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, Inst Fizyki, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Bielska, Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Trawinski, Ryszard /G-3523-2014;
Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Maslowski, Piotr/H-4476-2014; Lisak,
Daniel/E-1470-2014; Wojtewicz, Szymon/A-5425-2015; Domyslawska,
Jolanta/H-7167-2014; Abe, Hisashi/J-4129-2015; Cygan, Agata/E-1393-2014
OI Maslowski, Piotr/0000-0001-8882-7106; Abe, Hisashi/0000-0002-1473-0659;
FU National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1255 35,
N N202 1489 33]; JMR [UMK 503-F]
FX The research is part of the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland and supported by the Polish MNISW Project No. N N202 1255
35 and N N202 1489 33, and by Grant JMR UMK 503-F.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-73540-845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 204
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517556
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTH77
UT WOS:000286948500032
ER
PT S
AU Cygan, A
Lisak, D
Maslowski, P
Bielska, K
Wojtewicz, S
Domyslawska, J
Abe, H
Hodges, JT
Trawinski, RS
Ciurylo, R
AF Cygan, A.
Lisak, D.
Maslowski, P.
Bielska, K.
Wojtewicz, S.
Domyslawska, J.
Abe, H.
Hodges, J. T.
Trawinski, R. S.
Ciurylo, R.
BE Lewis, JKC
PredoiCross, A
TI Frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a PDH locked
laser
SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTRAL LINE SHAPES
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Spectral Line Shapes
CY JUN 06-11, 2010
CL Memorial Univ Newfoundland, St Johns, CANADA
SP Memorial Univ Newfoundland, Univ Lethbridge, Atlantic Computat Excellence Network, City St Johns, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP), Int Union Pure & Appl Chem (IUPAC)
HO Memorial Univ Newfoundland
DE cavity ring-down spectroscopy; Pound-Drever-Hall method; line shapes
measurements
ID SPECTROMETER
AB We present recent improvements of a frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy setup in which the Pound-Drever-Hall technique is used to lock the probe laser to the ring-down cavity. This approach, which yields a high repetition rate of ring-down events of approximately 7.7 kHz, and narrowing of the probe laser line width below 20 kHz, enables a five-fold increase in the signal-to-noise ratio. Using line shape measurements to illustrate system performance, we demonstrate improvements in the spectrometer perfomance afforded by the PDH.
C1 [Cygan, A.; Lisak, D.; Maslowski, P.; Bielska, K.; Wojtewicz, S.; Domyslawska, J.; Trawinski, R. S.; Ciurylo, R.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Abe, H.] AIST, Natl Metrol Inst Japan NMIJ, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cygan, A (reprint author), Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5-7, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RI Bielska, Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Trawinski, Ryszard /G-3523-2014;
Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Maslowski, Piotr/H-4476-2014; Lisak,
Daniel/E-1470-2014; Wojtewicz, Szymon/A-5425-2015; Domyslawska,
Jolanta/H-7167-2014; Abe, Hisashi/J-4129-2015; Cygan, Agata/E-1393-2014
OI Maslowski, Piotr/0000-0001-8882-7106; Abe, Hisashi/0000-0002-1473-0659;
FU National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland; Polish MNISW [N N202 1255 35,
N N202 1489 33]; [JMR UMK 503-F]
FX The research is part of the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland and supported by the Polish MNISW Project No. N N202 1255
35 and N N202 1489 33, and by Grant JMR UMK 503-F.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0845-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1290
BP 204
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3517556
PG 2
WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA BTG70
UT WOS:000286908200032
ER
PT S
AU Thomas, PC
Raghavan, SR
Forry, SP
AF Thomas, Peter C.
Raghavan, Srinivasa R.
Forry, Samuel P.
BE Herold, KE
Bentley, WE
Vossoughi, J
TI Monitoring and Controlling Oxygen Levels in Microfluidic Devices
SO 26TH SOUTHERN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE: SBEC 2010
SE IFMBE Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 26th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference, SBEC 2010
CY APR 30-MAY 02, 2010
CL Univ Maryland, College Park, MD
SP Natl Sci Fdn, Biomed Engn Soc Chongqing, Natl Canc Inst (NCI)
HO Univ Maryland
DE Microfluidics; oxygen control; PDMS; oxygen sensor
ID CELLS
AB Mammalian cell culture has been traditionally performed in a static oxygen concentration of 21 mol %. However, oxygen level in vivo is significantly more hypoxic with an average oxygen concentration of 3 mol % to 5 mol %. In addition, many cells within the body experience dynamic oxygen levels. Such differences in oxygen tension have been shown to affect cell behavior, and controlling and monitoring oxygen level is crucial in creating biomimetic cell culture conditions. Previously, we have developed a luminescence-based oxygen sensor capable of monitoring cellular oxygen consumption rates in a multi-well plate format that is compatible with conventional cell microscopy techniques (e.g. phase contrast and fluorescence imaging).
In the current study, we demonstrate successful integration of this oxygen sensor into a multi-layer microfluidic cell culture device. The oxygen sensor provides a facile method for continuous monitoring of on-chip oxygen levels. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based microfluidic cell culture devices are permeable to oxygen, allowing physiologically relevant oxygen environments to be generated. Control channels are incorporated to enable on-chip control of dissolved oxygen tension. Finite element simulations and experimental measurements are in excellent agreement in monitoring oxygen diffusion through the PDMS to generate stable oxygen gradients and rapidly changing conditions on-chip. Further, on-chip calibration matches sensitivities measured outside of the microfludic environment. Cells will be monitored during culture in this microfluidic system under physiologically relevant oxygen environments.
C1 [Thomas, Peter C.; Forry, Samuel P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Thomas, Peter C.] Univ Maryland, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD USA.
[Raghavan, Srinivasa R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Thomas, PC (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sam.forry@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 1680-0737
BN 978-3-642-14997-9
J9 IFMBE PROC
PY 2010
VL 32
BP 325
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA BBO72
UT WOS:000307744700083
ER
PT S
AU Tomlin, NA
Lehman, JH
Hurst, KE
Tanner, DB
Kamaras, K
Pekker, A
AF Tomlin, Nathan A.
Lehman, John H.
Hurst, Katherine E.
Tanner, David B.
Kamaras, K.
Pekker, Aron
GP IEEE
TI METHOD TO DETERMINE THE ABSORPTANCE OF THIN FILMS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC
TECHNOLOGY
SO 35TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE
SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
CY JUN 20-25, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE Elect Devices Soc, IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, Solar Energy Industries Assoc
AB We have demonstrated a novel method to determine optical properties of opaque or semi-transparent films for photovoltaic (PV) applications. Such films may be the basis of transparent conductors or photoconductive material. As an example, we measure the absolute absorptance (at visible and near infrared wavelengths) of an optically thick single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film by using a pyroelectric detector. This novel method obviates the need for analysis with respect to polarization and associated difficulties of ellipsometry. The Kramers-Kronig relation is used to determine the thick film index of refraction, which we use to calculate the optical properties of thin films as a function of thickness. A transmittance measurement obtained from a thin SWCNT film shows excellent agreement with results from our model.
C1 [Tomlin, Nathan A.; Lehman, John H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Tomlin, NA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0160-8371
BN 978-1-4244-5891-2
J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF
PY 2010
BP 1745
EP 1748
DI 10.1109/PVSC.2010.5615860
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BTO69
UT WOS:000287579501210
ER
PT S
AU Bertness, KA
Schlager, JB
Sanford, NA
Imtiaz, A
Wallis, TM
Weber, JC
Kabos, P
Mansfield, LM
AF Bertness, Kris A.
Schlager, John B.
Sanford, Norman A.
Imtiaz, Atif
Wallis, Thomas M.
Weber, Joel C.
Kabos, Pavel
Mansfield, Lorelle M.
GP IEEE
TI APPLICATION OF MICROWAVE SCANNING PROBES TO PHOTOVOL TAlC MATERIALS
SO 35TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE
SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
CY JUN 20-25, 2010
CL Honolulu, HI
SP IEEE Elect Devices Soc, IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, Solar Energy Industries Assoc
ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; EFFICIENCY
AB We demonstrate that near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM) can be used to detect photoresponse in photovoltaic materials with potential for submicrometer lateral resolution. In this approach, a radio-frequency scanning tunneling microscopy (RF-STM) tip is coupled to a resonant microwave cavity with a resonance near 4.5 GHz. The presence of additional mobile carriers in the vicinity of the probe tip changes the load on the cavity. These changes are quantified through the shifts in both the resonance frequency and quality factor Q. The changes in conductivity under illumination with blue light are easily detected for Cu(ln,Ga)Se-2 and GaAs solar cell test material.
C1 [Bertness, Kris A.; Schlager, John B.; Sanford, Norman A.; Imtiaz, Atif; Wallis, Thomas M.; Weber, Joel C.; Kabos, Pavel] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mansfield, Lorelle M.] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Bertness, KA (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0160-8371
BN 978-1-4244-5891-2
J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF
PY 2010
PG 1
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA BTO69
UT WOS:000287579501194
ER
PT J
AU Bintley, D
Friberg, P
MacIntosh, MJ
Holland, WS
Berry, D
Dempsey, JT
Thomas, HS
Jenness, T
Kelly, D
Gao, XF
Ade, PAR
Grainger, W
Moncelsi, L
Irwin, KD
Hilton, GC
Niemack, M
Reintsema, CD
Hollister, MI
Woodcraft, A
Amiri, M
Burger, B
Chapin, E
Gibb, A
Halpern, M
Hasselfield, M
Scott, D
AF Bintley, Dan
Friberg, Per
MacIntosh, Michael J.
Holland, Wayne S.
Berry, David
Dempsey, Jessica T.
Thomas, Holly S.
Jenness, Tim
Kelly, Dennis
Gao, Xiaofeng
Ade, Peter A. R.
Grainger, William
Moncelsi, Lorenzo
Irwin, Kent D.
Hilton, Gene C.
Niemack, Michael
Reintsema, Carl D.
Hollister, Matthew I.
Woodcraft, Adam
Amiri, Mandana
Burger, Bryce
Chapin, Ed
Gibb, Andy
Halpern, Mark
Hasselfield, Matthew
Scott, Douglas
GP IEEE
TI Characterising and calibrating the SCUBA-2 superconducting bolometer
arrays for science observing
SO 35TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ
WAVES (IRMMW-THZ 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 35th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz
Waves
CY SEP 05-10, 2010
CL Rome, ITALY
ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS
AB SCUBA-2 is a 10,000 pixel wide field sub-millimeter camera which started science observing on James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) in the spring of 2010. We present the results of characterising individual 1280 bolometer science grade subarrays, as well as experience from operating the instrument.
C1 [Bintley, Dan; Friberg, Per; Berry, David; Dempsey, Jessica T.; Thomas, Holly S.; Jenness, Tim] Joint Astron Ctr, 660 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[MacIntosh, Michael J.; Holland, Wayne S.; Kelly, Dennis; Gao, Xiaofeng] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Ade, Peter A. R.; Grainger, William; Moncelsi, Lorenzo] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
[Irwin, Kent D.; Hilton, Gene C.; Niemack, Michael; Reintsema, Carl D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hollister, Matthew I.; Woodcraft, Adam] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Amiri, Mandana; Burger, Bryce; Chapin, Ed; Gibb, Andy; Halpern, Mark; Hasselfield, Matthew; Scott, Douglas] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
RP Bintley, D (reprint author), Joint Astron Ctr, 660 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RI gao, xiaofeng/D-4825-2014
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6657-3
PY 2010
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTU73
UT WOS:000288130600549
ER
PT J
AU Siegrist, KM
Plusquellic, DF
Thomas, ME
AF Siegrist, K. M.
Plusquellic, D. F.
Thomas, M. E.
GP IEEE
TI THz Spectroscopy of Ceramic and Polycrystalline Materials for
Characterization of Microwave Dielectric Properties
SO 35TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ
WAVES (IRMMW-THZ 2010)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 35th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz
Waves
CY SEP 05-10, 2010
CL Rome, ITALY
ID MULTIPHONON ABSORPTION; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; FREQUENCY; DEPENDENCE;
CRYSTALS
AB Theoretically expected frequency and temperature dependence of weak multiphonon bands at the far infrared absorption band edge are used to develop classical oscillator models of permittivity for several window materials (sapphire, ZnS and Pyroceram (R) 9606) which accurately model dielectric behavior from the infrared through the THz and into the microwave regions.
C1 [Siegrist, K. M.; Thomas, M. E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Plusquellic, D. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Siegrist, KM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4244-6657-3
PY 2010
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied;
Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications
GA BTU73
UT WOS:000288130600175
ER
PT S
AU Payne, B
Harper, KK
Vogl, GW
AF Payne, Bev
Harper, Kari K.
Vogl, Gregory W.
BE Tomasini, EP
TI Piezoelectric Shaker Development for High Frequency Calibration of
Accelerometers
SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS BY LASER AND
NONCONTACT TECHNIQUES AND SHORT COURSE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser and
Noncontact Techniques and Short Course
CY JUN 22-25, 2010
CL Ancona, ITALY
SP Italian Assoc Laser Velocimetry Noninvasive Diagnost
DE accelerometers; calibration; interferometric; laser; shakers; vibration
AB Calibration of vibration transducers requires sinusoidal motion over a wide frequency range with low distortion and low cross-axial motion. Piezoelectric shakers are well suited to generate such motion and are suitable for use with laser interferometric methods at frequencies of 3 kHz and above. An advantage of piezoelectric shakers is the higher achievable accelerations and displacement amplitudes as compared to electro-dynamic (ED) shakers. Typical commercial ED calibration shakers produce maximum accelerations from 100 m/s(2) to 500 m/s(2). Very large ED shakers may produce somewhat higher accelerations but require large amplifiers and expensive cooling systems to dissipate heat. Due to the limitations in maximum accelerations by ED shakers at frequencies above 5 kHz, the amplitudes of the generated sinusoidal displacement are frequently below the resolution of laser interferometers used in primary calibration methods. This limits the usefulness of ED shakers in interferometric based calibrations at higher frequencies.
Small piezoelectric shakers provide much higher acceleration and displacement amplitudes for frequencies above 5 kHz, making these shakers very useful for accelerometer calibrations employing laser interferometric measurements, as will be shown in this paper. These piezoelectric shakers have been developed and used at NIST for many years for high frequency calibration of accelerometers. This paper documents the construction and performance of a new version of these shakers developed at NIST for the calibration of accelerometers over the range of 3 kHz to 30 kHz and possibly higher. Examples of typical calibration results are also given.
C1 [Payne, Bev; Harper, Kari K.; Vogl, Gregory W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Payne, B (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8220, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0802-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1253
BP 373
EP 382
DI 10.1063/1.3455479
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRS38
UT WOS:000283528800042
ER
PT S
AU Vogl, GW
Harper, KK
Payne, B
AF Vogl, Gregory W.
Harper, Kari K.
Payne, Bev
BE Tomasini, EP
TI Modeling and Experimental Analysis of Piezoelectric Shakers for
High-Frequency Calibration of Accelerometers
SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS BY LASER AND
NONCONTACT TECHNIQUES AND SHORT COURSE
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Vibration Measurements by Laser and
Noncontact Techniques and Short Course
CY JUN 22-25, 2010
CL Ancona, ITALY
SP Italian Assoc Laser Velocimetry Noninvasive Diagnost
DE calibration; accelerometers; vibration; piezoelectric actuation; shakers
AB Piezoelectric shakers have been developed and used at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for decades for high-frequency calibration of accelerometers. Recently, NIST researchers built new piezoelectric shakers in the hopes of reducing the uncertainties in the calibrations of accelerometers while extending the calibration frequency range beyond 20 kHz. The ability to build and measure piezoelectric shakers invites modeling of these systems in order to improve their design for increased performance, which includes a sinusoidal motion with lower distortion, lower cross-axial motion, and an increased frequency range. In this paper, we present a model of piezoelectric shakers and match it to experimental data. The equations of motion for all masses are solved along with the coupled state equations for the piezoelectric actuator. Finally, additional electrical elements like inductors, capacitors, and resistors are added to the piezoelectric actuator for matching of experimental and theoretical frequency responses.
C1 [Vogl, Gregory W.; Harper, Kari K.; Payne, Bev] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vogl, GW (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8220, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0802-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1253
BP 383
EP 394
DI 10.1063/1.3455480
PG 12
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BRS38
UT WOS:000283528800043
ER
PT J
AU Kipphardt, H
Matschat, R
Vogl, J
Gusarova, T
Czerwensky, M
Heinrich, HJ
Hioki, A
Konopelko, LA
Methven, B
Miura, T
Petersen, O
Riebe, G
Sturgeon, R
Turk, GC
Yu, LL
AF Kipphardt, Heinrich
Matschat, Ralf
Vogl, Jochen
Gusarova, Tamara
Czerwensky, Michael
Heinrich, Hans-Joachim
Hioki, Akiharu
Konopelko, Leonid A.
Methven, Brad
Miura, Tsutomu
Petersen, Ole
Riebe, Gundel
Sturgeon, Ralph
Turk, Gregory C.
Yu, Lee L.
TI Purity determination as needed for the realisation of primary standards
for elemental determination: status of international comparability
SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Interlaboratory comparison; Purity analysis; High purity metals;
CCQM-P107; Zinc
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY
AB Within the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and designated laboratories, an interlaboratory comparison, CCQM-P107, was conducted to verify the degree of international comparability concerning the results of purity analysis. The mass fractions of Ag, Bi, Cd, Cr, Ni, Tl at the lower mg/kg-level in a high purity zinc material were determined, but the real measurand in metrological sense was the sum of the six mass fractions. Homogeneity was investigated by glow discharge mass spectrometry, reference values were obtained using isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Six NMIs participated, contributing eight independent data sets. The agreement amongst the results of the participants, their median and the agreement with the reference values were usually excellent and in almost all cases below the target uncertainty of 30% relative. In this manner, the accuracy of results and the comparability between the participants was demonstrated to be established.
C1 [Kipphardt, Heinrich; Matschat, Ralf; Vogl, Jochen; Gusarova, Tamara; Czerwensky, Michael; Heinrich, Hans-Joachim; Riebe, Gundel] BAM Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Hioki, Akiharu; Miura, Tsutomu] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, NMIJ, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058563, Japan.
[Konopelko, Leonid A.] DI Mendeleyev Inst Metrol VNIIM, St Petersburg 190005, Russia.
[Methven, Brad; Sturgeon, Ralph] Inst Natl Measurement Stand NRC, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Petersen, Ole] FORCE Technol, DK-2605 Brondby, Denmark.
[Turk, Gregory C.; Yu, Lee L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kipphardt, H (reprint author), BAM Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, Richard Willstatter Str 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
EM heinrich.kipphardt@bam.de
RI Vogl, Jochen/A-5960-2009; Yu, Lee/N-7263-2015; Miura,
Tsutomu/M-7185-2016;
OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853; Miura, Tsutomu/0000-0003-3509-0205;
Konopelko, Leonid/0000-0002-4942-8329; Sturgeon,
Ralph/0000-0001-7304-3034
NR 4
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-1775
J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR
JI Accredit. Qual. Assur.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 1
BP 29
EP 37
DI 10.1007/s00769-009-0557-0
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 540BI
UT WOS:000273305100005
ER
PT J
AU Ma, LD
Feng, LX
Hioki, A
Cho, KH
Vogl, J
Berger, A
Turk, G
Macleod, S
Labarraque, G
Tong, WF
Schiel, D
Yafa, C
Valiente, L
Konopelko, LA
Quetel, C
Vermaercke, P
Manzano, JVL
Linsky, M
Cortes, E
Tangpitayakul, S
Plangsangmas, L
Bergamaschi, L
Hearn, R
AF Ma, Liandi
Feng, Liuxing
Hioki, A.
Cho, K. H.
Vogl, J.
Berger, A.
Turk, G.
Macleod, S.
Labarraque, G.
Tong, W. F.
Schiel, D.
Yafa, C.
Valiente, L.
Konopelko, L. A.
Quetel, C.
Vermaercke, P.
Manzano, J. V. L.
Linsky, M.
Cortes, E.
Tangpitayakul, S.
Plangsangmas, L.
Bergamaschi, L.
Hearn, R.
TI International comparison of the determination of the mass fraction of
cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead in polypropylene: the Comit,
Consultatif pour la Quantit, de MatiSre pilot study CCQM-P106
SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cadmium; Chromium; Mercury; Lead; Polypropylene; CCQM
ID DILUTION ICP-MS
AB The CCQM-P106 pilot study was organized by the inorganic working group of the Comit, Consultatif pour la Quantit, de MatiSre (CCQM) as a feasibility comparison to study the applicability of different analysis methods to the polypropylene sample and test the abilities of the participants for measuring the Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in polypropylene. National Institute of Metrology P.R. China (NIM) acted as the coordinating laboratory of this pilot study. There were 21 laboratories that submitted the final results. The median values of the mass fraction of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb were 36.12 mg kg(-1) (the median absolute deviation about the median (MADe) = 0.46 mg kg(-1)), 252.5 mg kg(-1) (MADe = 3.4 mg kg(-1)), 387.0 mg kg(-1) (MADe = 10.1 mg kg(-1)) and 466.2 mg kg(-1) (MADe = 8.9 mg kg(-1)), respectively. Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement methods were used, and microwave digestion was used by the most of the participants. In general, very good agreement of the results was observed. Moreover, compared to the results of other methods, the results of IDMS still showed less spread amongst laboratories and had a smaller uncertainty. In addition, the results of some analytes used by XRF and INAA also got satisfactory agreement with the median value.
C1 [Ma, Liandi; Feng, Liuxing] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Hioki, A.] Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Cho, K. H.] Korean Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon, South Korea.
[Vogl, J.; Berger, A.] Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, Berlin, Germany.
[Turk, G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Macleod, S.] Underwriter Labs, Millville, NY USA.
[Labarraque, G.] Lab Natl Metrol & Essais, Paris, France.
[Tong, W. F.] Lab Govt Chemist, Homantin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Schiel, D.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-3300 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Yafa, C.] Natl Inst Metrol, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
[Valiente, L.] Inst Nacl Tecnol Ind, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Konopelko, L. A.] All Russia DI Mendeleyev Sci & Res Inst Metrol, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Quetel, C.; Vermaercke, P.] Ctr Etud Energie Nucl, Studiectr Kernenergie, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Geel, Belgium.
[Manzano, J. V. L.] Ctr Nacl Metrol, Queretaro, Mexico.
[Linsky, M.] Natl Metrol Inst S Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
[Cortes, E.] Comis Chilena Energia Nucl, Santiago, Chile.
[Tangpitayakul, S.] Dept Sci Serv, Bangkok, Thailand.
[Plangsangmas, L.] Thailand Inst Sci & Technol Res, Bangkok, Thailand.
[Bergamaschi, L.] Natl Inst Metrol Res, Unit Radiochem & Spect, Pavia, Italy.
[Hearn, R.] Lab Govt Chemist, Teddington TW11 0LY, Middx, England.
RP Feng, LX (reprint author), Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM fenglx@nim.ac.cn
RI Vogl, Jochen/A-5960-2009
FU Innovation Methods Program [2008IM021800, AKY0817]
FX The author gratefully acknowledges the funding from the Innovation
Methods Program (2008IM021800) and AKY0817 program.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-1775
J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR
JI Accredit. Qual. Assur.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 1
BP 39
EP 44
DI 10.1007/s00769-009-0574-z
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 540BI
UT WOS:000273305100006
ER
PT J
AU Song, LY
Feng, D
Fredin, NJ
Yager, KG
Jones, RL
Wu, QY
Zhao, DY
Vogt, BD
AF Song, Lingyan
Feng, Dan
Fredin, Nathaniel J.
Yager, Kevin G.
Jones, Ronald L.
Wu, Quanyan
Zhao, Dongyuan
Vogt, Bryan D.
TI Challenges in Fabrication of Mesoporous Carbon Films with Ordered
Cylindrical Pores via Phenolic Oligomer Self-Assembly with Triblock
Copolymers
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE mesostructure; phenol formaldehyde resin; self-assembly; mesoporous
materials; thin film
ID SILICA THIN-FILMS; TEMPLATING APPROACH; ROUTE; FRAMEWORKS; POLYMER;
POROSIMETRY; MESOPHASES
AB Mesoporous phenol formaldehyde (PF) polymer resin and carbon films are prepared by a solution self-assembly of PF oligomers with amphiphilic triblock copolymers. After thermopolymerization of the PF to cross-link the network, the films show an ordered morphology as determined by X-ray diffraction and,grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). Our results show that the amphiphilic triblock copolymer template greatly influences the stability of the final porous mescistructures. The pyrolysis of the two-dimensional (2-D) hexagonal, films with p6mm symmetry templated by Pluronic F127 yields a disordered porous structure following the template removal. Conversely, films templated by Pluronic P123 can exhibit well-ordered cylindrical pores after the template removal, but the solution composition range to yield ordered cylindrical mesopores is significantly reduced (nearly 70%) for thin films in comparison to bulk powders. We propose two dominant difficulties in fabricating well-ordered cylindrical mesopores In films: first, the stress from contraction during the pyrolysis can lead to a collapse of the mescistructure if the wall thickness is insufficient, and second, the surface wetting behavior in thin films leads to a small compositional range.
C1 [Feng, Dan; Zhao, Dongyuan] Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Feng, Dan; Zhao, Dongyuan] Fudan Univ, Adv Mat Lab, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Song, Lingyan; Vogt, Bryan D.] Arizona State Univ, Chem Engn Program, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Fredin, Nathaniel J.; Yager, Kevin G.; Jones, Ronald L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Quanyan] On Semicond, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA.
RP Zhao, DY (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
EM dyzhao@fudan.edu.cn; bryan.vogt@asu.edu
RI Fredin, Nathaniel/B-2890-2010; Zhao, Dongyuan/E-5796-2010; Yager,
Kevin/F-9804-2011
OI Zhao, Dongyuan/0000-0002-1642-2510; Yager, Kevin/0000-0001-7745-2513
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0746664]; NSF of China; NSERC Canada;
NIST-NRC; NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH1 1357]
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the State of Arizona.
Facilities supported by the Center for Solid State Science were used for
the characterization of materials. This work is partially supported by
the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CBET-0746664. D.F. and
D.Y.Z. thank NSF of China for financial support. K.G.Y. acknowledges the
support of NSERC Canada in the form of a postdoctoral fellowship. N.J.F.
is supported by a NIST-NRC postcloctoral fellowship program. This work
was funded in part by the NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs. We
acknowledge J. Strzalka for help with X-ray scattering measurements.
Additionally, the authors thank M. Tate and H. Hillhouse for providing
the NANOCELL code (http://www.ecn.purdue.edu/-hugh). Use of the Advanced
Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH1 1357.
NR 37
TC 58
Z9 59
U1 5
U2 86
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 1
BP 189
EP 198
DI 10.1021/nn9012884
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 547CP
UT WOS:000273863400025
PM 20000606
ER
PT J
AU Lacerda, SHD
Park, JJ
Meuse, C
Pristinski, D
Becker, ML
Karim, A
Douglas, JF
AF Lacerda, Silvia H. De Paoli
Park, Jung Jin
Meuse, Curt
Pristinski, Denis
Becker, Matthew L.
Karim, Alamgir
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Interaction of Gold Nanoparticles with Common Human Blood Proteins
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE gold nanoparticles; fluorescence quenching; protein-nanoparticle
interaction; binding affinity; conformational change; nanotoxicology;
biocompatibility; protein adsorption
ID HUMAN CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; TRYPTOPHAN
FLUORESCENCE; SILICA NANOPARTICLES; SERUM-ALBUMIN; COLLOIDAL GOLD;
TYROSINE FLUORESCENCE; CANCER-THERAPY; QUANTUM DOTS; AMINO-ACID
AB In order to better understand the physical basis of the biological activity of nanoparticles (NPs) in nanomedicine applications and under conditions of environmental exposure, we performed an array of photophysical measurements to quantify the interaction of model gold NPs having a wide range of NP diameters with common blood proteins, In particular, absorbance, fluorescence quenching, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy measurements were performed on surface-functionalized water-soluble gold NPs having a diameter range from 5 to 100 nm in the presence of common human blood proteins: albumin, fibrinogen, gamma-globulin, histone, and insulin, We find that the gold NPs strongly associate with these essential blood proteins where the binding constant, K, as well as the degree of cooperativity of particle-protein binding (Hill constant, n), depends on particle size and the native protein structure. We also find tentative evidence that the model proteins undergo conformational change upon association with the NPs and that the thickness of the adsorbed protein layer (bare NO diameter <50 nm) progressively increases with NP size, effects that have potential general importance for understanding NP aggregation in biological media and the interaction of NP with biological materials broadly.
C1 [Lacerda, Silvia H. De Paoli] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Park, Jung Jin] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Meuse, Curt; Pristinski, Denis; Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Becker, Matthew L.; Karim, Alamgir] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
RP Lacerda, SHD (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM silvia.lacerda@fda.hhs.gov; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Park, Jung Jin/C-7627-2011
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; Polymers Division
FX SHDPL thanks the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the
Polymers Division in particular for its support of this research.
NR 71
TC 320
Z9 324
U1 34
U2 254
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 1
BP 365
EP 379
DI 10.1021/nn9011187
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 547CP
UT WOS:000273863400047
PM 20020753
ER
PT J
AU Klokocnik, J
Kostelecky, J
Novak, P
Wagner, CA
AF Klokocnik, Jaroslav
Kostelecky, Jan
Novak, Pavel
Wagner, Carl A.
TI DETECTION OF EARTH IMPACT CRATERS AIDED BY THE DETAILED GLOBAL
GRAVITATIONAL MODEL EGM2008
SO ACTA GEODYNAMICA ET GEOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE global gravitational model; gravity anomaly; second-order derivative of
the disturbing potential; impact craters on the Earth
ID GRAVITY; SIZE
AB We have surveyed the Earth's surface using gravity anomalies and second-order radial derivatives of the disturbing gravitational potential computed from the gravitational model EGM2008 complete to degree and order 2159 (for selected degrees up to 2190). It corresponds to 5 arcmin resolution on the ground. Over most well known impact crater sites on the Earth we found the second-order derivatives (not available from ordinary gravity surveys) offered finer discrimination of circular features than the gravity anomalies themselves. We also discovered that some of the sites show evidence of double or multiple craters which will need further ground verification. Some of these signatures (in hilly or mountainous terrain) may also need to be corrected for the gravitational effect of topography to sharpen their hidden features.
C1 [Klokocnik, Jaroslav] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Astron Inst, CZ-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic.
[Kostelecky, Jan; Novak, Pavel] Res Inst Geodesy Topog & Cartog, CZ-25066 Zdiby 98, Czech Republic.
[Kostelecky, Jan] Czech Tech Univ, Dept Adv Geodesy, CZ-16629 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
[Novak, Pavel] Univ W Bohemia, Fac Sci Appl, Dept Math, CZ-30614 Plzen, Czech Republic.
[Wagner, Carl A.] NOAA, Lab Satel Altim, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Klokocnik, J (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Astron Inst, CZ-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic.
EM jklokocn@asu.cas.cz
RI Novak, Pavel/I-3746-2012; Klokocnik, Jaroslav/G-9025-2014
OI Novak, Pavel/0000-0001-7173-7905;
FU ESA/PECS [C 98056]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech
Republic [CEDR LC 506]
FX This work has been conducted in the frame of the grant # C 98056
provided kindly by ESA/PECS in 2007. It was partly supported also by the
project CEDR LC 506 of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of
the Czech Republic. The authors are grateful to Nikolaos K. Pavlis and
other authors of EGM2008 for this excellent gravitational model and also
to Jianliang Huang, leader of the Evaluation Team of EGM08, for inviting
us to cooperate within his group. We also thank Simon A. Holmes,
Nikolaos K. Pavlis and other co-authors of "A FORTRAN PROGRAM FOR
VERY-HIGH-DEGREE HARMONIC SYNTHESIS" for providing this software, our
basic computational tool. The ESA representative Bernard Zufferey, PECS
Program Manager, very kindly led our first steps within the grant from
ESA/PECS and helped us with necessary administrative tasks. Geologists
Vaclav Cilek, Patrick Taylor, Jan Kutina, Gunter Kletetschka, David
Rajmond, physical geographer Jan Kalvoda and geodesist (Ms) Ivanka
Charvatova inspired us with their consultations. We also thank to
Christoph Foerste for his criticism and fruitful comments.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC INST ROCK STRUCTURE & MECHANICS
PI PRAGUE 8
PA IRSM AS CR, V HOLESOVICKACH 41, PRAGUE 8, 182 09, CZECH REPUBLIC
SN 1214-9705
J9 ACTA GEODYN GEOMATER
JI Acta Geodyn. Geomater.
PY 2010
VL 7
IS 1
BP 71
EP +
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 596LQ
UT WOS:000277686900008
ER
PT J
AU Creuziger, A
Foecke, T
AF Creuziger, A.
Foecke, T.
TI Transformation potential predictions for the stress-induced austenite to
martensite transformation in steel
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE TRIP steel; Texture; Austenitic steels; Martensitic phase transformation
ID ASSISTED MULTIPHASE STEELS; INDUCED-PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TRIP;
MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; TEXTURE; CUALNI; TIP
AB The stress-induced transformation behavior of retained austenite is considered in this work. With the development of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels this deformation mode is of growing importance. Twinned martensite structures were calculated using the crystallographic theory of martensite. An available work criterion was used to predict the transformation potentials for 16 different in-plane stress states for sheet sample geometry. By rotating the twinned martensite structures over all crystallographic orientations using Euler angles, the magnitude of the transformation potential was plotted as an orientation distribution plot for comparison with typical texture components. From these data, the Brass and Copper orientation components that are typical in retained austenite such as in TRIP steels were found to have low transformation potential values. Grains aligned with these orientations would require higher stresses to transform than other orientations, and may therefore never transform. This correlates to experimental observations that heavily deformed TRIP steel contains residual retained austenite. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Creuziger, A.; Foecke, T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Creuziger, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM adam.creuziger@nist.gov; tim.foecke@nist.gov
FU Research Associate Program at the National Academies
FX The authors thank T.W. Shield for use of his CTM-0.0.1 program; Steve
Banovic, Thomas Gnaupel-Herold, Mark Iadicola and Mark Stoudt at the
Center for Metal Forming at NIST for advice and assistance; and the
Research Associate Program at the National Academies for supporting this
work.
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 1
BP 85
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.08.059
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 527XW
UT WOS:000272405600010
ER
PT J
AU Wanner, T
Fuller, ER
Saylor, DM
AF Wanner, Thomas
Fuller, Edwin R., Jr.
Saylor, David M.
TI Homology metrics for microstructure response fields in polycrystals
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Homology metrics; Microstructures; Polycrystals; Finite element
simulations; Thermal expansion anisotropy
ID FE-CR ALLOYS; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; COMPUTER-MODELS; ATOMIC-LEVEL;
ORIENTATION; COMPLEXITY; EVOLUTION; MARBLE
AB Quantitative homology metrics are proposed for characterizing the thermal-elastic response of polycrystalline materials. Simulations for a calcite-based polycrystal, marble, are used as an illustrative example. The homology metrics are based on topological measurements, such as the number of components and the number of handles of the thermal-elastic response fields for a complex microstructure. These homology metrics are applied to characterize not only the elastic energy density and maximum principal stress response fields in a polycrystal but also the correlated grain-boundary misorientation distributions that influenced the formation of these response fields. It is demonstrated that the topological analysis can quantitatively distinguish between different types of grain-boundary misorientations, as well as between differences in the resulting response fields. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Wanner, Thomas] George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Fuller, Edwin R., Jr.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Labs, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Saylor, David M.] US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Off Sci & Engn Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA.
RP Wanner, T (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM twanner@gmu.edu; edwin.fuller@nist.gov; david.saylor@fda.hhs.gov
FU NSF [DMS-0406231]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER25712]
FX Thomas Wanner was partially supported by NSF Grant DMS-0406231 and the
US Department of Energy under Contract DE-FG02-05ER25712.
NR 22
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 1
BP 102
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.08.061
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 527XW
UT WOS:000272405600012
ER
PT B
AU Piotrowski, PL
Cannara, RJ
Gao, GT
Urban, JJ
Carpick, RW
Harrison, JA
AF Piotrowski, Pamela L.
Cannara, Rachel J.
Gao, Guangtu
Urban, Joseph J.
Carpick, Robert W.
Harrison, Judith A.
BE Kim, SH
Dugger, MT
Mittal, KL
TI Atomistic Factors Governing Adhesion between Diamond, Amorphous Carbon
and Model Diamond Nanocomposite Surfaces
SO ADHESION ASPECTS IN MEMS/NEMS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Adhesion; diamond; nanocomposite diamond; amorphous carbon; diamond-like
carbon; nanotribology; work of adhesion; pull-off force; atomic force
microscopy; friction force microscopy; molecular dynamics; ab initio
studies; density functional theory
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; FORCE
MICROSCOPY; SCALE FRICTION; ULTRANANOCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ALKANE MONOLAYERS; CONTACT; FILMS; MEMS
AB Complementary atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted to determine the work of adhesion for diamond (C)(111)(1x1) and C(001)(2x1) surfaces paired with carbon-based materials. While the works of adhesion from experiments and simulations are in reasonable agreement, some differences were identified. Experimentally, the work of adhesion between an amorphous carbon tip and individual C(001)(2 x 1)-H and C(111)(1 x 1)-H surfaces yielded adhesion values that were larger on the C(001)(2x1)-H surface. The simulations revealed that the average adhesion between self-mated C(001)(2x1) surfaces was smaller than for self-mated C(111)(1x1) contacts. Adhesion was reduced when amorphous carbon counterfaces were paired with both types of diamond surfaces. Pairing model diamond nanocomposite surfaces with the C(111)(1x1)-H sample resulted in even larger reductions in adhesion. These results point to the importance of atomic-scale roughness for adhesion. The simulated adhesion also shows a modest dependence on hydrogen coverage. Density functional theory calculations revealed small, C-H bond dipoles on both diamond samples, with the C(001)(2 x 1)-H surface having the larger dipole, but having a smaller dipole moment per unit area. Thus, charge separation at the surface is another possible source of the difference between the measured and calculated works of adhesion.
C1 [Piotrowski, Pamela L.; Gao, Guangtu; Urban, Joseph J.; Harrison, Judith A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Cannara, Rachel J.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Carpick, Robert W.] Univ Penn, Dept Mech Engn & Appl Mech, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Harrison, JA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM jah@usna.edu
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-9-00-419095-5; 978-90-04-19094-8
PY 2010
BP 135
EP 161
PG 27
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BC2WY
UT WOS:000351401400009
ER
PT S
AU Fitzpatrick, CR
Natarajan, CM
Warburton, RE
Buller, GS
Baek, B
Nam, S
Miki, S
Wang, Z
Sasaki, M
Sinclair, AG
Hadfield, RH
AF Fitzpatrick, C. R.
Natarajan, C. M.
Warburton, R. E.
Buller, G. S.
Baek, B.
Nam, S.
Miki, S.
Wang, Z.
Sasaki, M.
Sinclair, A. G.
Hadfield, R. H.
BE Itzler, MA
Campbell, JC
TI A superconducting nanowire single-photon detector system for
single-photon source characterization
SO ADVANCED PHOTON COUNTING TECHNIQUES IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IV
CY APR 07-08, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE quantum information; quantum optics; single-photon detector;
single-photon source; superconducting detector
ID OPTICAL CAVITY; EFFICIENCY; RANGE; LIGHT; NBN
AB Single-photon sources and detectors are key enabling technologies for photonics in quantum information science and technology (QIST). QIST applications place high-level demands on the performance of sources and detectors; it is therefore essential that their properties can be characterized accurately. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have spectral sensitivity from visible to beyond 2 mu m in wavelength, picosecond timing resolution (Jitter < 100 ps FWHM) and the capacity to operate ungated with low dark counts (< 1 kHz). This facilitates data acquisition at high rates with an excellent signal-to-noise ratio.
We report on the construction and characterization of a two-channel SNSPD system. The detectors are mounted in a closed-cycle refrigerator, which eliminates reliance on liquid cryogens. Our specification was to deliver a system with 1 % efficiency in both channels at a wavelength of 1310 nm with 1 kHz dark count rate. A full width at half maximum timing jitter of less than 90 ps is achieved in both channels. The system will be used to detect individual photons generated by quantum-optical sources at telecom wavelengths. Examples include single-photon sources based on quantum dots (emitting at 1310 nm). The SNSPD system's spectral sensitivity and timing resolution make it suited to characterization of such sources, and to wider QIST applications.
C1 [Fitzpatrick, C. R.; Natarajan, C. M.; Warburton, R. E.; Buller, G. S.; Hadfield, R. H.] Heriot Watt Univ, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Fitzpatrick, C. R.; Sinclair, A. G.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Baek, B.; Nam, S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Miki, S.; Wang, Z.; Sasaki, M.] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Fitzpatrick, CR (reprint author), Heriot Watt Univ, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
RI Hadfield, Robert/L-8081-2013; Natarajan, Chandra/C-3230-2014; Natarajan,
Chandra/O-5521-2015;
OI Hadfield, Robert/0000-0002-8084-4187; Fitzpatrick,
Catherine/0000-0002-8866-9547; Buller, Gerald/0000-0003-0441-2830
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8145-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7681
AR 76810H
DI 10.1117/12.851892
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BSS23
UT WOS:000285622400009
ER
PT S
AU Lita, AE
Calkins, B
Pellouchoud, LA
Miller, AJ
Nam, S
AF Lita, A. E.
Calkins, B.
Pellouchoud, L. A.
Miller, A. J.
Nam, S.
BE Itzler, MA
Campbell, JC
TI Superconducting Transition-Edge Sensors Optimized for High-Efficiency
Photon-Number Resolving Detectors
SO ADVANCED PHOTON COUNTING TECHNIQUES IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IV
CY APR 07-08, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
DE Photon number resolving; single-photon detector; superconducting
transition-edge detector
AB Superconducting photon detectors have emerged as a powerful new option for detecting single photons. System detection efficiency that incorporates the quantum efficiency of the device and system losses is one of the most important single-photon detector performance metrics for quantum information applications. Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) are microcalorimeters that have the ability of distinguishing single photons with negligible dark counts. In addition, TESs are capable of directly measuring the photon number in a pulse of light. We have achieved near-unity system detection efficiency with TESs at particular wavelengths in the near-infrared by using multilayer structures that enhance the absorption of light into the active device material. We describe the design of the multilayer structure enabling high detection efficiency TESs including issues and requirements for obtaining detection efficiency values higher than 99 %. We describe the device fabrication and finally, show recent results of devices optimized for high detection efficiency using the multilayer structure.
C1 [Lita, A. E.; Calkins, B.; Pellouchoud, L. A.; Nam, S.] NIST, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lita, AE (reprint author), NIST, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 17
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8145-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2010
VL 7681
AR 76810D
DI 10.1117/12.852221
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BSS23
UT WOS:000285622400008
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DH
Li, XF
Tao, WK
AF Wang Donghai
Li, Xiaofan
Tao, Wei-Kuo
TI Responses of vertical structures in convective and stratiform regions to
large-scale forcing during the landfall of severe tropical storm Bilis
(2006)
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE cloud-resolving simulation; large-scale vertical velocity; water vapor
and hydrometeor mass fluxes; heat budgets
ID RESOLVING MODEL SIMULATIONS; ICE-PHASE MICROPHYSICS; SOUTH CHINA SEA;
CLOUD SYSTEMS; SQUALL LINES; MICROSCALE STRUCTURE; MESOSCALE PROCESSES;
RAINFALL PROCESSES; FRONTAL RAINBANDS; PART II
AB The responses of vertical structures, in convective and stratiform regions, to the large-scale forcing during the landfall of tropical storm Bilis (2006) are investigated using the data from a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation. An imposed large-scale forcing with upward motion in the mid and upper troposphere and downward motion in the lower troposphere on 15 July suppresses convective clouds, which leads to similar to 100% coverage of raining stratiform clouds over the entire model domain. The imposed forcing extends upward motion to the lower troposphere during 16-17 July, which leads to an enhancement of convective clouds and suppression of raining stratiform clouds. The switch of large-scale lower-tropospheric vertical velocity from weak downward motion on 15 July to moderate upward motion during 16-17 July produces a much broader distribution of the vertical velocity, water vapor and hydrometeor fluxes, perturbation specific humidity, and total hydrometeor mixing ratio during 16-17 July than those on 15 July in the analysis of contoured frequency-altitude diagrams. Further analysis of the water vapor budget reveals that local atmospheric moistening is mainly caused by the enhancement of evaporation of rain associated with downward motion on 15 July, whereas local atmospheric drying is mainly determined by the advective drying associated with downward motion over raining stratiform regions and by the net condensation associated with upward motion over convective regions during 16-17 July.
C1 [Wang Donghai] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Wang Donghai] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Li, Xiaofan] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Appl & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Tao, Wei-Kuo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM d.wang@hotmail.com
RI Li, Xiaofan/F-5605-2010; AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014; Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
FU State Key Basic Research Development Program [2004CB418300,
2009CB421504]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40633016,
40830958]
FX The authors thank Shanghai Typhoon Institute for its diagram of the best
track of tropical storm Bilis (2006) and two anonymous reviewers for
their constructive comments that significantly improved the manuscript.
This research was supported by the State Key Basic Research Development
Program (2004CB418300 and 2009CB421504), and the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 40633016 and 40830958.
NR 51
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 1
BP 33
EP 46
DI 10.1007/s00376-009-8139-y
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 538BH
UT WOS:000273158500003
ER
PT J
AU Hu, L
Yang, S
Li, YD
Gao, ST
AF Hu Liang
Yang, Song
Li Yaodong
Gao Shouting
TI Diurnal variability of precipitation depth over the Tibetan Plateau and
its surrounding regions
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE precipitation depth; diurnal variability; total rain; convective rain;
stratiform rain
ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; TRMM PR; RAIN; STRATIFORM; ORIGIN; MODES
AB The diurnal variability of precipitation depth over the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions is investigated using nine years of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) measurements. The Tibetan Plateau, the plains area, and the East China Sea are selected as the focus regions in this study. The average precipitation depths (PD) are about 4.6 km, 5.8 km, and 5.6 km, while convective (stratiform) PDs are about 6.6 (4.5) km, 7.5 (5.7) km, and 6.0 (5.6) km over the plateau, the plains, and the ocean region, respectively. Results demonstrate a prominent PD diurnal cycle, and its diurnal phase is generally a few hours behind the surface precipitation. The spatial variation of the PD diurnal magnitude is weaker near the coastal areas than that of surface precipitation. The height of the PD diurnal peak is around 6-7 km for convective systems and 5-6 km for stratifrom systems. The dominant afternoon diurnal peak for convective PD and the flat diurnal peak for stratiform PD over the Tibetan Plateau indicate that solar diurnal forcing is the key mechanism of the PD diurnal cycle over land. In addition, the diurnal variation is obvious for shallow and deep convective systems, but not for shallow and deep stratiform systems.
C1 [Yang, Song] NOAA NESDIS, IM Syst Grp, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Hu Liang; Li Yaodong; Gao Shouting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Hu Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Li Yaodong] Beijing Aviat Meteorol Inst, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, S (reprint author), NOAA NESDIS, IM Syst Grp, Camp Springs, MD USA.
EM song.2.yang@noaa.gov
RI AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40428002, 40633018,
40775058]
FX The authors would like to thank the TRMM Science Data and Information
System (TSDIS) team at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center for providing
the 2A25 rain product. This study is supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China with research Grant Nos. 40428002, 40633018,
and 40775058. Comments from two anonymous reviewers are appreciated for
their improvements to the quality of this paper.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 1
BP 115
EP 122
DI 10.1007/s00376-009-8193-5
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 538BH
UT WOS:000273158500011
ER
PT S
AU Shah, V
Kitching, J
AF Shah, Vishal
Kitching, John
BE Arimondo, E
Berman, PR
Lin, CC
TI Advances in Coherent Population Trapping for Atomic Clocks
SO ADVANCES IN ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, VOL 59
SE Advances In Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
ID RESONANCE RAMAN TRANSITION; CONTRAST DARK RESONANCES; FREQUENCY
STANDARDS; MICROWAVE EMISSION; LASER SPECTROSCOPY; RAMSEY FRINGES;
ALKALI-METALS; LIGHT-SHIFT; DIODE-LASER; VAPOR-CELL
AB We review advances in the field of coherent population trapping (CPT) over the last decade with respect to the application of this physical phenomenon to atomic frequency references. We provide an overview of both the basic phenomenon of CPT and how it has traditionally been used in atomic clocks. We then describe a number of advances made with the goal of improving the resonance contrast, decreasing its line width, and reducing light shifts that affect the long-term stability. We conclude with a discussion of how these new approaches can impact future generations of laboratory and commercial instruments.
C1 [Shah, Vishal] Symmetricom Technol Realizat Ctr, Beverly, MA 01915 USA.
[Kitching, John] NIST, Time & Frequency Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Shah, V (reprint author), Symmetricom Technol Realizat Ctr, 34 Tozer Rd, Beverly, MA 01915 USA.
NR 152
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-250X
BN 978-0-12-381021-2
J9 ADV ATOM MOL OPT PHY
JI Adv. Atom. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PY 2010
VL 59
BP 21
EP 74
DI 10.1016/S1049-250X(10)59002-5
PG 54
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA BAJ34
UT WOS:000304330200002
ER
PT B
AU Choong, YY
Stanton, B
Theofanos, M
AF Choong, Yee-Yin
Stanton, Brian
Theofanos, Mary
BE Kaber, D
Boy, G
TI Biometric Symbol Design for the Public - Case Studies in the United
States and Four Asian Countries
SO ADVANCES IN COGNITIVE ERGONOMICS
SE Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Biometrics; Symbols; Usability; Cross-Cultural
AB The use of biometric systems has been expanded beyond traditional law enforcement applications to other areas such as identity management, access control, e-commerce, and even healthcare. With the deployment of biometric systems on the rise, the user bases are also expanding from targeted users such as police to general computer users. This phenomenon challenges biometric researchers and developers to design systems with good usability. This paper evaluated a set of symbols intended for use in biometric systems to help users better understand biometric operations. Six studies with a total of 186 participants were conducted in the United States and in four Asian countries to investigate the cultural effects on people's perception and understanding of the symbols. Some symbols show culture-free results, while some have mixed results. The cross-cultural implications of the case studies are discussed and future research is recommended.
C1 [Choong, Yee-Yin; Stanton, Brian; Theofanos, Mary] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Choong, YY (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-3492-3
J9 ADV HUM FACT ERG SER
JI ADV. HUMAN FACT. ERG. SER
PY 2010
BP 1
EP 12
PG 12
WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics
SC Engineering
GA BSY32
UT WOS:000286105400002
ER
PT B
AU Kwon, YB
Lee, Y
Choong, YY
AF Kwon, Young-Bin
Lee, Yooyoung
Choong, Yee-Yin
BE Kaber, D
Boy, G
TI An Empirical Study of Korean Culture Effects on the Usability of
Biometric Symbols
SO ADVANCES IN COGNITIVE ERGONOMICS
SE Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Biometrics; Usability; Symbol; Cultural factors; Korean
AB Biometrics is an umbrella term for methods that identify an individual based on physiological and/or behavioral characteristics such as fingerprint, face, iris, retina, vein, palm, voice, gait, signature, etc. The use of biometric systems is increasing worldwide; consequently there is a need for understanding its procedures via common biometric symbols. However, people with different backgrounds, such as native language, culture, customs, life style, education level, and religion, have various perceptions and expectations of any given symbol. We evaluated how Korean culture influences the use of biometric symbols. Our study was performed by interviewing 100 subjects residing in South Korea using 24 symbols which were developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Biometrics Usability group. The results present empirical evidence of potential differences in understanding and expectations of biometric symbols due to Korean culture and user knowledge.
C1 [Kwon, Young-Bin; Lee, Yooyoung] Chung Ang Univ, Seoul 156756, South Korea.
[Lee, Yooyoung; Choong, Yee-Yin] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kwon, YB (reprint author), Chung Ang Univ, Seoul 156756, South Korea.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-3492-3
J9 ADV HUM FACT ERG SER
JI ADV. HUMAN FACT. ERG. SER
PY 2010
BP 13
EP 22
PG 10
WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics
SC Engineering
GA BSY32
UT WOS:000286105400003
ER
PT S
AU Martovetsky, NN
Mann, TL
Miller, JR
Freudenberg, KD
Reed, RP
Walsh, RP
McColskey, JD
Evans, D
AF Martovetsky, N. N.
Mann, T. L.
Miller, J. R.
Freudenberg, K. D.
Reed, R. P.
Walsh, R. P.
McColskey, J. D.
Evans, D.
BE Balachandran, U
TI ITER CENTRAL SOLENOID COIL INSULATION QUALIFICATION
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING (MATERIALS), VOL 56: TRANSACTIONS OF
THE INTERNATIONAL CRYOGENIC MATERIALS CONFERENCE - ICMC
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE High voltage insulation; cyclic load; voltage breakdown; elastic module
AB An insulation system for ITER Central Solenoid must have sufficiently high electrical and structural strength. Design efforts to bring stresses in the turn and layer insulation within allowables failed. It turned out to be impossible to eliminate high local tensile stresses in the winding pack. When high local stresses can not be designed out, the qualification procedure requires verification of the acceptable structural and electrical strength by testing. We built two 4x4 arrays of the conductor jacket with two options of the CS insulation and subjected the arrays to 1.2 million compressive cycles at 60 MPa and at 76 K. Such conditions simulated stresses in the CS insulation. We performed voltage withstand tests and after end of cycling we measured the breakdown voltages between in the arrays. After that we dissectioned the arrays and studied micro cracks in the insulation. We report details of the specimens' preparation, test procedures and test results.
C1 [Martovetsky, N. N.; Mann, T. L.; Miller, J. R.; Freudenberg, K. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, US ITER Project Off, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Martovetsky, N. N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Reed, R. P.] Cryogenic Mat Inc, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Walsh, R. P.] Natl High Magnet Field lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
[McColskey, J. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Evans, D.] Adv Cryogen Mat, Abingdon OX14 2HQ, Oxon, England.
RP Martovetsky, NN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, US ITER Project Off, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Oak Ridge National Laboratory
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy
by Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1219
BP 135
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3402294
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA BQB51
UT WOS:000280573400018
ER
PT S
AU Duckworth, RC
Zhang, Y
Gouge, MJ
Rey, CM
van der Laan, DC
Clickner, C
AF Duckworth, R. C.
Zhang, Y.
Gouge, M. J.
Rey, C. M.
van der Laan, D. C.
Clickner, C.
BE Balachandran, U
TI VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION AND MECHANICAL STRENGTH IN SPLICE JOINTS MADE FROM
AS-MANUFACTURED YBCO COATED CONDUCTORS
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING (MATERIALS), VOL 56: TRANSACTIONS OF
THE INTERNATIONAL CRYOGENIC MATERIALS CONFERENCE - ICMC
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE Splice joints; voltage distribution; YBCO coated conductors
AB With recommendations from wire manufacturers as a starting point, a series of solder joints were fabricated and characterized to determine the best method for producing repeatable, low-resistance and high-mechanical-strength splices in as-manufactured, stabilized YBCO coated conductors. From the 2.54 cm long splice joints that were fabricated, parameters such as solder material, stabilization material, fabrication method, and conductor geometry were varied to determine the impact of each on the properties of splice joints. Results indicate that the splice joints of lowest resistance were influenced primarily by the tape orientation in the joint and the stabilization material The lowest resistances were between 2 x 10(-8) Omega and 1.0 x 10(-7) in 4-mm wide tapes and were obtained from pure copper-stabilized tapes oriented with the YBCO layers in closest proximity. The voltage drop along the splice length indicated that only a fraction of the splice length contributes to the splice joint resistance. Mechanical characterization of splice joints showed that the joint resistance remained unchanged under axial stress up to a stress level at which the critical current of the tapes forming the joint degrades irreversibly.
C1 [Duckworth, R. C.; Zhang, Y.; Gouge, M. J.; Rey, C. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhang, Y.; van der Laan, D. C.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[van der Laan, D. C.; Clickner, C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Duckworth, RC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI van der Laan, Danko/L-5098-2016
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, LLC [DE-AI05-98OR22652]; National Institute of Standards and
Technology, Boulder, CO
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Superconductivity Program
for Electric Power Systems, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC and
under contract DE-AI05-98OR22652 with National Institute of Standards
and Technology, Boulder, CO.
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1219
BP 370
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3402325
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA BQB51
UT WOS:000280573400046
ER
PT S
AU Lewis, MA
Taylor, RP
Radebaugh, R
Garaway, I
Bradley, PE
AF Lewis, M. A.
Taylor, R. P.
Radebaugh, R.
Garaway, I.
Bradley, P. E.
BE Weisend, JG
Barclay, J
Breon, S
Demko, J
DiPirro, M
Kelley, JP
Kittel, P
Klebaner, A
Marquardt, J
Nellis, G
Peterson, T
Pfotenhauer, J
VanSciver, S
Zagarola, M
Zeller, A
TI INVESTIGATION OF FLOW NON UNIFORMITIES IN A LARGE 50 K PULSE TUBE
CRYOCOOLER
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOLS 55A AND 55B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE Active Denial System; Fast Cooldown; Superconducting Magnet
AB A single-stage pulse tube cryocooler was optimized to provide 50 W of net refrigeration power at 50 K when driven by a pressure oscillator that can produce up to 2.8 kW of acoustic power at 60 Hz. The cryocooler was designed with the ability to provide rapid cooldown. The rapid cooling technique makes use of a resonant phenomenon in the inertance tube and reservoir system to decrease the flow impedance and thereby increase the acoustic power and refrigeration power in the system when the cold end is near room temperature. Initial experimental data produced no-load temperatures of about 100 K and showed large azimuthal non-uniformities in temperature profiles around the center plane of both the regenerator and the pulse tube. Inadequate diffusion bonding in the initial aftercooler resulted in non-uniform temperatures in the aftercooler and regenerator warm end where temperatures were as high as 350 K. Jetting into the pulse tube through both the warm and cold heat exchangers also contributed to the poor performance. This paper discusses the performance after an improved aftercooler and pulse tube modifications are added. The steps taken to eliminate the non-uniformities and their effect on the cooler performance are discussed.
C1 [Lewis, M. A.; Radebaugh, R.; Garaway, I.; Bradley, P. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Taylor, R. P.] Virginia Mil Inst, Lexington, VA 24450 USA.
RP Lewis, MA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
FU Cryomagnetics; U.S. Air Force
FX Funding from Cryomagnetics and the U.S. Air Force is acknowledged.
Additionally the authors do so thank Mike Rybowiak and Robert Gomez for
careful machining of parts utilized.
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1218
BP 68
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3422419
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA BRC92
UT WOS:000282379800009
ER
PT S
AU Taylor, RP
Nellis, GF
Klein, SA
Radebaugh, R
Lewis, M
Bradley, P
AF Taylor, R. P.
Nellis, G. F.
Klein, S. A.
Radebaugh, R.
Lewis, M.
Bradley, P.
BE Weisend, JG
Barclay, J
Breon, S
Demko, J
DiPirro, M
Kelley, JP
Kittel, P
Klebaner, A
Marquardt, J
Nellis, G
Peterson, T
Pfotenhauer, J
VanSciver, S
Zagarola, M
Zeller, A
TI EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF A PULSE TUBE CFD MODEL
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOLS 55A AND 55B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE Pulse Tube; Cryocooler; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Design Model
AB Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis has been applied by various authors to study the processes occurring in the pulse tube cryocooler and carry out parametric design and optimization. However, a thorough and quantitative validation of the CFD model predications against experimental data has not been accomplished. This is in part due to the difficulty associated with measuring the specific quantities of interest (e.g., internal enthalpy flows and acoustic power) rather than generic system performance (e.g., cooling power). This paper presents the experimental validation of a previously published two-dimensional, axisymmetric CFD model of the pulse tube and its associated flow transitions. The test facility designed for this purpose is unique in that it allows the precise measurement of the cold end acoustic power, regenerator loss, and cooling power. Therefore, it allows the separate and precise measurement of both the pulse tube loss and the regenerator loss. The experimental results are presented for various pulse tube and flow transition configurations operating at a cold end temperature of 80 K over a range of pressure ratios. The comparison of the model prediction to the experimental data is presented with discussion.
C1 [Taylor, R. P.] Virginia Mil Inst, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, VA 24450 USA.
[Nellis, G. F.; Klein, S. A.] Univ Wisconsin, Cryogen Engn Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Radebaugh, R.; Lewis, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Cryogen Technol Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Taylor, RP (reprint author), Virginia Mil Inst, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, VA 24450 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-0007]; CEC Timmerhaus Scholarship
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under contract
N00014-06-1-0007 and the CEC Timmerhaus Scholarship. Additionally, the
authors would like to thank the Mike Rybowiak for careful machining of
parts used in the experimental measurements.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1218
BP 76
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3422429
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA BRC92
UT WOS:000282379800010
ER
PT S
AU Garaway, I
Veprik, A
Radebaugh, R
AF Garaway, I.
Veprik, A.
Radebaugh, R.
BE Weisend, JG
Barclay, J
Breon, S
Demko, J
DiPirro, M
Kelley, JP
Kittel, P
Klebaner, A
Marquardt, J
Nellis, G
Peterson, T
Pfotenhauer, J
VanSciver, S
Zagarola, M
Zeller, A
TI DIAGNOSTICS AND OPTIMIZATION OF A MINIATURE HIGH FREQUENCY PULSE TUBE
CRYOCOOLER
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOLS 55A AND 55B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE High Frequency Stirling Pulse Tube; Miniature Pulse Tube Cryocooler
AB A miniature, high energy density, pulse tube cryocooler with an inertance tube and reservoir has been developed, tested, diagnosed and optimized to provide appropriate cooling for size-limited cryogenic applications demanding fast cool down. This cryocooler, originally designed using REGEN 3.2 for 80 K, an operating frequency of 150 Hz and an average pressure of 5.0 MPa, has regenerator dimensions of 4.4 mm inside diameter and 27 mm length and is filled with #635 mesh stainless steel screen. Various design features, such as the use of compact heat exchangers and a miniature linear compressor, resulted in a remarkably compact pulse tube cryocooler. In this report, we present the preliminary test results and the subsequent diagnostic and optimization sequence performed to improve the overall design and operation of the complete cryocooler. These experimentally determined optimal parameters, though slightly different from those proposed in the initial numerical model, yielded 530 mW of gross cooling power at 120 K with an input electrical power of only 25 W. This study highlights the need to further establish our understanding of miniature, high frequency, regenerative cryocoolers, not only as a collection of independent subcomponents, but as one single working unit. It has also led to a list of additional improvements that may yet be made to even further improve the operating characteristics of such a complete miniature cryocooler.
C1 [Garaway, I.; Radebaugh, R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Garaway, I.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Veprik, A.] RICOR Cryogen & Vacuum Syst, IL-18960 Ein Harod Ihud, Israel.
RP Garaway, I (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1218
BP 167
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3422350
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA BRC92
UT WOS:000282379800021
ER
PT S
AU Wikus, P
Adams, JS
Bagdasarova, Y
Bandler, SR
Doriese, WB
Eckart, ME
Figueroa-Feliciano, E
Kelley, RL
Kilbourne, CA
Leman, SW
McCammon, D
Porter, FS
Rutherford, JM
Trowbridge, SN
AF Wikus, P.
Adams, J. S.
Bagdasarova, Y.
Bandler, S. R.
Doriese, W. B.
Eckart, M. E.
Figueroa-Feliciano, E.
Kelley, R. L.
Kilbourne, C. A.
Leman, S. W.
McCammon, D.
Porter, F. S.
Rutherford, J. M.
Trowbridge, S. N.
BE Weisend, JG
Barclay, J
Breon, S
Demko, J
DiPirro, M
Kelley, JP
Kittel, P
Klebaner, A
Marquardt, J
Nellis, G
Peterson, T
Pfotenhauer, J
VanSciver, S
Zagarola, M
Zeller, A
TI THE ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION REFRIGERATOR FOR THE MICRO-X SOUNDING
ROCKET TELESCOPE
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOLS 55A AND 55B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE Space cryogenics; Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator; Low
Temperature Detectors; Magnetic Shielding; Kevlar Suspension Systems
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; KEVLAR
AB The Micro-X Imaging X-ray Spectrometer is a sounding rocket payload slated for launch in 2011. An array of Transition Edge Sensors, which is operated at a bath temperature of 50 mK, will be used to obtain a high resolution spectrum of the Puppis-A supernova remnant. An Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator (ADR) with a 75 gram Ferric Ammonium Alum (FAA) salt pill in the bore of a 4 T superconducting magnet provides a stable heat sink for the detector array only a few seconds after burnout of the rocket motors. This requires a cold stage design with very short thermal time constants. A suspension made from Kevlar strings holds the 255 gram cold stage in place. It is capable of withstanding loads in excess of 200g. Stable operation of the TES array in proximity to the ADR magnet is ensured by a three-stage magnetic shielding system which consists of a superconducting can, a high-permeability shield and a bucking coil. The development and testing of the Micro-X payload is well underway.
C1 [Wikus, P.; Bagdasarova, Y.; Figueroa-Feliciano, E.; Leman, S. W.; Rutherford, J. M.; Trowbridge, S. N.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Adams, J. S.; Bandler, S. R.; Eckart, M. E.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Porter, F. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Doriese, W. B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[McCammon, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Wikus, P (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RI Bandler, Simon/A-6258-2010; Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Kelley,
Richard/K-4474-2012
OI Bandler, Simon/0000-0002-5112-8106; Porter,
Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119;
FU NASA [NNX07AK52G]
FX This work has been conducted under NASA grant NNX07AK52G. We thank
Alexander Usoskin of Bruker HTS GmbH and Aashish Chourey of American
Magnetics Inc. for supplying samples of superconducting materials for
the construction of the Micro-X cryostat.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1218
BP 633
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3422413
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA BRC92
UT WOS:000282379800078
ER
PT S
AU Radebaugh, R
Huang, YH
O'Gallagher, A
Gary, J
AF Radebaugh, Ray
Huang, Yonghua
O'Gallagher, Agnes
Gary, John
BE Weisend, JG
Barclay, J
Breon, S
Demko, J
DiPirro, M
Kelley, JP
Kittel, P
Klebaner, A
Marquardt, J
Nellis, G
Peterson, T
Pfotenhauer, J
VanSciver, S
Zagarola, M
Zeller, A
TI OPTIMIZATION CALCULATIONS FOR A 30 HZ, 4 K REGENERATOR WITH HELIUM-3
WORKING FLUID
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOLS 55A AND 55B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE Cryocoolers; cryogenics; efficiency; Gifford-McMahon; helium-3;
helium-4; numerical analysis; pulse tubes; real gas; refrigeration;
regenerators; Stirling; theory
AB The NIST numerical software, REGEN3.3, which incorporates both He-4 and He-3 properties, was used to calculate the losses and second law efficiencies of 4 K regenerators operating at 30 Hz. Operating parameters, such as average pressure, pressure ratio, and warm-end temperature were varied to investigate the effect of non-ideal gas properties. Regenerator parameters such as matrix material and shape, hydraulic diameter, and regenerator geometry were varied to investigate losses due to non-ideal regenerator behavior. The results show that He-3 can increase the regenerator efficiency by a factor of at least two compared to a regenerator optimized for He-4. A layered regenerator of gadolinium oxysulfate (GOS) at the cold end and ErPr at the warm end is the best of many material combinations. A regenerator with parallel holes of about 20 % porosity showed only slight improvement over one with packed spheres. The regenerator warm-end temperature has little effect on its efficiency for temperatures below 35 K and pressures of 1.0 MPa and above. An optimized 4 K He-3 regenerator uses layered GOS and ErPr with the warm end at about 30 K and an average pressure of about 1.0 MPa. With those optimum conditions a reduced regenerator loss of 0.36 and a regenerator second law efficiency of 25 % are achieved.
C1 [Radebaugh, Ray; O'Gallagher, Agnes; Gary, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Huang, Yonghua] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
RP Radebaugh, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
OI Huang, Yonghua/0000-0001-6453-8430
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This research was partially funded by the Office of Naval Research with
Deborah Van Vechten as the project monitor.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1218
BP 1581
EP +
DI 10.1063/1.3422340
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA BRC92
UT WOS:000282379800189
ER
PT S
AU Bradley, PE
Gerecht, E
Radebaugh, R
Garaway, I
AF Bradley, P. E.
Gerecht, E.
Radebaugh, R.
Garaway, I.
BE Weisend, JG
Barclay, J
Breon, S
Demko, J
DiPirro, M
Kelley, JP
Kittel, P
Klebaner, A
Marquardt, J
Nellis, G
Peterson, T
Pfotenhauer, J
VanSciver, S
Zagarola, M
Zeller, A
TI DEVELOPMENT OF A 4 K STIRLING-TYPE PULSE TUBE CRYOCOOL ER FOR A MOBILE
TERAHERTZ DETECTION SYSTEM
SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOLS 55A AND 55B
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials
Conference
CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009
CL Tucson, AZ
SP Adv Res Syst, Amuneal Mfg Corp, Cryofab, Cryomech, Cryocomp, DLH Ind, Essex Cryogen Mo Inc, GE Global Res Ctr, Janis Res Co, Linde Kryotech AG, Linde Nitrogen, Metropolitan Tucson Convent & Visitors, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Nexans, PHPK Technologies, Precis Cryogen Syst, RUAG, Sci Instruments, SuperPower Inc, SupraMagnetics, Velan
DE Cryocooler; pulse tube; He-3; He-4; heterodyne detector; terahertz
AB We discuss in this paper the design and development of a 4 K Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler for a mobile terahertz detection system. This system integrates new heterodyne detector technology at terahertz frequencies with advancements of Stirling-type pulse tube technology that brings the advent of cooled detector sensitivities in a mobile, compact, and long duration operation system without degradation of sensitivity. To achieve this goal we reduced overall system size, input power, and temperature fluctuations and mechanical vibrations in order to maintain the detector sensitivity. The Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler developed for this system is a hybrid design employing a He-4 pulse-tube cryocooler operating at 60 Hz and 2.5 MPa average pressure that precools a He-3 pulse tube cryocooler operating at 30 Hz and 1.0 MPa average pressure to achieve 4 K cooling for the terahertz receiver. The He-4 cryocooler employs stainless steel mesh regenerators for the first stage and ErPr spheres for the second stage, while the He-3 cryocooler employs stainless mesh for the first stage and ErPr spheres for the second stage with a layered rare-earth third stage regenerator. Design details and cooler performance goals are discussed.
C1 [Bradley, P. E.; Gerecht, E.; Radebaugh, R.; Garaway, I.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bradley, PE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0761-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2010
VL 1218
BP 1593
EP 1600
DI 10.1063/1.3422341
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA BRC92
UT WOS:000282379800190
ER
PT S
AU Wong-Ng, W
Martin, J
Thomas, EL
Otani, M
Lowhorn, N
Green, M
Liu, G
Yan, YG
Hattrick-Simpers, J
Tran, T
AF Wong-Ng, W.
Martin, J.
Thomas, E. L.
Otani, M.
Lowhorn, N.
Green, M.
Liu, G.
Yan, Y. G.
Hattrick-Simpers, J.
Tran, T.
BE Nair, KM
Priya, S
TI RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THERMOELECTRIC METROLOGY AT NIST
SO ADVANCES IN ELECTROCERAMIC MATERIALS II
SE Ceramic Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Materials Science and Technology 2009 Conference and Exhibition
CY OCT 25-29, 2009
CL David L Lawrence Convention Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA
SP Amer Ceram Soc, Nucl & Env Technol Div, ASM Int
HO David L Lawrence Convention Ctr
ID COMPOSITION-SPREAD APPROACH; STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAL; 2 CANDIDATE
MATERIALS; SKUTTERUDITES; FILMS; MERIT
AB We have recently developed several important thermoelectric metrologies at NIST. First, a low temperature (10 K to 390 K) Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM (TM)), Bi2Te3, which is crucial for inter-laboratory data comparison and for instrument calibration, has been produced. Second, to accelerate thermoelectric material exploration, a high-throughput thermoelectric screening system for combinatorial thin films was developed. The screening device for thermoelectric power factor (S-2 sigma, S = Seebeck coefficient, sigma = electrical conductivity) allows us to measure sigma and S of over 1000 sample-points within 6 hours. The thermal effusivity screening system using the frequency domain thermoreflectance technique allows us to determine thermal conductivity of combinatorial films, conventional films and bulk materials with high efficiency, i.e. 1000 data points within 6 hours. Third, a flexible and reliable instrument to measure high temperature Seeebeck coefficient. and resistivity is under development. This tool allows the minimization of a number of measurement uncertainties that contribute to the overall systematic errors.
C1 [Wong-Ng, W.; Martin, J.; Thomas, E. L.; Otani, M.; Lowhorn, N.; Green, M.; Liu, G.; Yan, Y. G.; Hattrick-Simpers, J.] NIST, MSEL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tran, T.] NSWC, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, MSEL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA
SN 1042-1122
BN 978-0-470-92716-8
J9 CERAM TRANS
PY 2010
VL 221
BP 253
EP +
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA BTL70
UT WOS:000287221600023
ER
PT B
AU Xu, XD
Lu, CG
AF Xu, Xiangde
Lu, Chungu
BE Haider, M
Muller, T
TI PLATEAU-MONSOON WATER VAPOR TRANSPORT FOR MEIYU RAINFALL
SO ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, VOL 2
SE Advances in Environmental Research-Nova
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID TIBETAN PLATEAU; CLIMATE MODEL; BOUNDARY
AB Asian summer monsoonal flow in the lower troposphere is rich in water vapor, which brings moist air from the adjacent low-latitude oceans to South and East Asia. In particular, this moist air contributes largely to early summer precipitation in South China, and summer Meiyu rainfall in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) as well as in Korean Peninsula and Japan. It is generally believed that the Bay of Bengal, South China Sea, and the tropical western Pacific are the major water vapor source regions. To reveal the water vapor transport, especially the long-distance transport, is critical to the understanding of precipitation processes and the anomalous monsoon rainfall in the East Asia countries, such as in the YRB in China, where moisture from local evaporation is not enough to explain the observed precipitation amount.
The summer precipitation in the YRB and East Asian countries is highly correlated with the column-integrated water vapor in the low latitudinal band from the Bay of Bengal, Indochina Peninsula, and South China Sea to the Philippine Islands. The water vapor transport from the source regions to the YRB is mainly through a pathway associated with the southwesterly monsoonal flow. An eastward transport from the Bay of Bengal and a westward transport from the Philippine Islands meet over South China Sea and form a main water vapor channel, which turns northward and reaches the eastern Tibetan Plateau and South China, then continues on transporting eastward to the YRB.
In addition to the identified sources for moisture supply, topographic features over Asian continent also play important roles in facilitating water vapor transport as well as controlling precipitation patterns and intensity over East Asian countries, particularly over the YRB region. Due to its strong thermal forcing, the Tibetan Plateau acts as a dynamic attractor to attract warm and moist air northward. However, because of the Plateau's significant rise-up in the vertical, a large portion of water vapor is deflected to the east. In this sense, the Tibetan Plateau works also as a "re-channel station," which redirects the northward-transporting water vapor to the east.
The analyses and investigation in this study reveal the continuous processes between the inflow flux on the south boundary of the water vapor transport in a "delta" key region and the outflow flux on the east boundary of the delta, the water vapor budget, and the water vapor transport mechanism which reflects the unique roles of the Tibetan Plateau as a dynamic attractor as well as a re-channel station. The correlation vector field highlights the important contribution of South China Sea, Indian Ocean and Northern Pacific water vapor sources to the YRB Meiyu rainband. All these features together contribute to a prominent strong "precipitation core" or "rainy center" in the southeast of the Plateau. Based on the above analyses, a synthetic model of "delta" source and influencing regions of plateau-monsoon water vapor transport is constructed.
C1 [Xu, Xiangde] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Chungu] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lu, Chungu] Colorado State Univ, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Xu, XD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC
PI HAUPPAUGE
PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA
BN 978-1-60741-793-4
J9 ADV ENVIRON RES-SER
PY 2010
VL 2
BP 265
EP 288
PG 24
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BSF74
UT WOS:000284342500008
ER
PT J
AU Jin, ML
Shepherd, JM
Zheng, WZ
AF Jin, Menglin
Shepherd, J. Marshall
Zheng, Weizhong
TI Urban Surface Temperature Reduction via the Urban Aerosol Direct Effect:
A Remote Sensing and WRF Model Sensitivity Study
SO ADVANCES IN METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The aerosol direct effect, namely, scattering and absorption of sunlight in the atmosphere, can lower surface temperature by reducing surface insolation. By combining National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) observations in large cities with Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations, we find that the aerosol direct reduction of surface insolation ranges from 40-100Wm(-2), depending on aerosol loading and land-atmosphere conditions. To elucidate the maximum possible effect, values are calculated using a radiative transfer model based on the top quartile of the multiyear instantaneous aerosol data observed by AERONET sites. As a result, surface skin temperature can be reduced by 1 degrees C-2 degrees C while 2-m surface air temperature reductions are generally on the order of 0.5 degrees C-1 degrees C.
C1 [Jin, Menglin] San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Shepherd, J. Marshall] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Zheng, Weizhong] NOAA NCEP, IMSG Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Jin, ML (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Meteorol & Climate Sci, 1 Washington Sq, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
EM jin@met.sjsu.edu
RI Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
FU NSF Climate Dynamics Program (ATM CDP) [0701440]; NASA PMM Program
[NNX07AF39G]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX This work was funded by NSF Climate Dynamics Program (ATM CDP) (Award
no. 0701440), NASA PMM Program Award no. NNX07AF39G), and by the Defense
Threat Reduction Agency (PI Steve Burian). The authors thank AERONET PIs
Hong-Bin Chen and Philippe Goloub for making the measurements public
accessible via AERONET site. Thanks forMichael D. King, Tom Eck, and
BrentHolben for helpful discussions on AERONET measurements.
NR 44
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-9309
EI 1687-9317
J9 ADV METEOROL
JI Adv. Meteorol.
PY 2010
AR 681587
DI 10.1155/2010/681587
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V24IB
UT WOS:000208403000031
ER
PT J
AU Lakshmivarahan, S
Lewis, JM
AF Lakshmivarahan, S.
Lewis, J. M.
TI Forward Sensitivity Approach to Dynamic Data Assimilation
SO ADVANCES IN METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The least squares fit of observations with known error covariance to a strong-constraint dynamical model has been developed through use of the time evolution of sensitivity functions-the derivatives of model output with respect to the elements of control (initial conditions, boundary conditions, and physical/empirical parameters). Model error is assumed to stem from incorrect specification of the control elements. The optimal corrections to control are found through solution to an inverse problem. Duality between this method and the standard 4D-Var assimilation using adjoint equations has been proved. The paper ends with an illustrative example based on a simplified version of turbulent heat transfer at the sea/air interface.
C1 [Lakshmivarahan, S.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Lewis, J. M.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Forecast R&D, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Lewis, J. M.] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
RP Lakshmivarahan, S (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM varahan@ou.edu
FU NSF [105-155900, 105-15400]; Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-08-1-0451]
FX At an early stage of formulating our ideas on this method of data
assimilation, Fedor Mesinger and Qin Xu offered advice and
encouragement. Qin Xu and Jim Purser carefully checked the mathematical
development, and suggestions from the following reviewers went far to
improve the presentation: Yoshi Sasaki, Bill Stockwell, and anonymous
formal reviewers of the manuscript. S. Lakshmivarahan's work is
supported in part by NSF EPSCoR RII Track 2 Grant 105-155900 and by NSF
Grant 105-15400, and J. Lewis acknowledges the Office of Naval Research
(ONR), Grant No. N00014-08-1-0451, for research support on this project.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-9309
J9 ADV METEOROL
JI Adv. Meteorol.
PY 2010
AR 375615
DI 10.1155/2010/375615
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V24IB
UT WOS:000208403000020
ER
PT J
AU Pu, ZX
Hong, SY
Li, YH
Juang, HMH
AF Pu, Zhaoxia
Hong, Song-You
Li, Yaohui
Juang, Hann-Ming Henry
TI Advanced Data Assimilation and Predictability Studies on High-Impact
Weather and Climate
SO ADVANCES IN METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Pu, Zhaoxia] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Hong, Song-You] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Global Environm Lab, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Li, Yaohui] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Inst Arid Meteorol, Lanzhou 730020, Peoples R China.
[Juang, Hann-Ming Henry] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Pu, ZX (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM zhaoxia.pu@utah.edu
RI Hong, Song-You/I-3824-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-9309
J9 ADV METEOROL
JI Adv. Meteorol.
PY 2010
AR 121763
DI 10.1155/2010/121763
PG 2
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V24IB
UT WOS:000208403000001
ER
PT J
AU Xu, Q
Wei, L
Gu, W
Gong, JD
Zhao, QY
AF Xu, Qin
Wei, Li
Gu, Wei
Gong, Jiandong
Zhao, Qingyun
TI A 3.5-Dimensional Variational Method for Doppler Radar Data Assimilation
and Its Application to Phased-Array Radar Observations
SO ADVANCES IN METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB A 3.5-dimensional variational method is developed for Doppler radar data assimilation. In this method, incremental analyses are performed in three steps to update the model state upon the background state provided by the model prediction. First, radar radial-velocity observations from three consecutive volume scans are analyzed on the model grid. The analyzed radial-velocity fields are then used in step 2 to produce incremental analyses for the vector velocity fields at two time levels between the three volume scans. The analyzed vector velocity fields are used in step 3 to produce incremental analyses for the thermodynamic fields at the central time level accompanied by the adjustments in water vapor and hydrometeor mixing ratios based on radar reflectivity observations. The finite element B-spline representations and recursive filter are used to reduce the dimension of the analysis space and enhance the computational efficiency. The method is applied to a squall line case observed by the phased-array radar with rapid volume scans at the National Weather Radar Testbed and is shown to be effective in assimilating the phased-array radar observations and improve the prediction of the subsequent evolution of the squall line.
C1 [Xu, Qin] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Wei, Li] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Gu, Wei] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Gong, Jiandong] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Qingyun] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Xu, Q (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM qin.xu@noaa.gov
FU NOAA HPCC program; ONR [N000140410312]; NOAA-University of Oklahoma
[NA17RJ1227]; FAA [DTFA03-01-X-9007]
FX The authors are thankful to Carl Hane, Jidong Gao, and the anonymous
reviewer for their comments and suggestions that improved the
presentation of the paper and to Douglas Forsyth, Kurt Hondl, Richard
Adams, Pengfei Zhang and Kang Nai for their help in obtaining and
processing the phased-array radar data. The research work was supported
by the NOAA HPCC program, the FAA contract IA# DTFA03-01-X-9007 to NSSL,
the ONR Grants N000140410312 to the University of Oklahoma, and the
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement no. NA17RJ1227.
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-9309
J9 ADV METEOROL
JI Adv. Meteorol.
PY 2010
AR 797265
DI 10.1155/2010/797265
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V24IB
UT WOS:000208403000042
ER
PT S
AU Yuan, J
Li, YM
Liu, CL
Zha, XAF
AF Yuan, Jin
Li, Yan-Ming
Liu, Cheng-Liang
Zha, Xuan F.
BE Zhang, LQ
Lu, BL
Kwok, J
TI Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation Based Model Selection for Manifold
Regularization
SO ADVANCES IN NEURAL NETWORKS - ISNN 2010, PT 1, PROCEEDINGS
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Symposium on Neural Networks
CY JUN 06-09, 2010
CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, IEEE Shanghai Sect, Int Neural Network Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc, Asia Pacific Neural Network Assembly, Int Assoc Math & Comp Simulat, European Neural Network Soc, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China
DE Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL); Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV);
Manifold Regularization (MR); Model selection
AB Classified labels are expensive by virtue of the utilization of field knowledge while the unlabeled data contains significant information, which call not be explored by supervised learning. The Manifold Regularization (MR) based semi-supervised learning (SSL) could explores information from both labeled and unlabeled data. Moreover. the model selection of MR seriously affects its predictive performance due to the inherent; additional geometry regularizer of SSL. In this paper, a leave-one-out cross-validation based PRESS criterion is first presented for model selection of MR to choose appropriate regularization coefficients and kernel parameters. The Manifold regularization and model selection algorithm are employed to a real-life benchmark dataset. The proposed approach, leveraged by effectively exploiting the embedded intrinsic geometric manifolds, outperforms the original MR and supervised learning approaches.
C1 [Yuan, Jin; Li, Yan-Ming; Liu, Cheng-Liang] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Zha, Xuan F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Yuan, J (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
EM jinyuan@sjtu.edu.cn
FU National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China
[20090450700]; national key project of China [2009ZX04014-103]; National
"863" Program of China [2008AA04Z801]
FX The work was supported by National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral
Scientists of China (Grant No.20090450700) and also supported by the
national key project of China: high-grade NC machine tools and
fundamental manufacturing equipment (Grant No.2009ZX04014-103) and the
national 863 Program of China (Grant No. 2008AA04Z801).
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-13277-3
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6063
BP 457
EP +
PN I
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BPP46
UT WOS:000279593300059
ER
PT J
AU White, C
Tan, K
Wolf, A
Carbary, L
AF White, C.
Tan, K.
Wolf, A.
Carbary, L.
BE Dillard, DA
TI Advances in structural silicone adhesives
SO ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ADHESIVE BONDING
SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE silicone; structural adhesives; silicone formulation; silicone chemistry
ID POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE OILS; PHOTOOXIDATION; ELASTOMERS
AB This chapter presents the latest research on silicone structural adhesives. Beginning with an introduction to silicone adhesives, this chapter discusses chemical and physical properties of silicone adhesives which make them versatile and cost-effective solutions in a wide variety of applications. Developments in the chemistry and formulation of silicone adhesives are then reviewed. The final section of this chapter concentrates on advances in the use of silicone adhesives in construction, electronics, domestic applications, renewable energy, automotive and aerospace industries.
C1 [White, C.; Tan, K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wolf, A.] Dow Corning Corp, D-65201 Wiesbaden, Germany.
[Carbary, L.] Dow Corning Corp, Midland, MI 48686 USA.
RP White, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christopher.white@nist.gov; andreas.wolf@dowcorning.com;
l.carbary@dowcorning.com
RI Dillard, David/C-3185-2012
OI Dillard, David/0000-0002-2903-9318
NR 95
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84569-435-7
J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER
PY 2010
BP 66
EP 95
DI 10.1533/9781845698058.1.66
D2 10.1533/9781845698058
PG 30
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BRP92
UT WOS:000283352600004
ER
PT J
AU Tan, K
White, C
Hunston, D
Vogt, B
Haag, A
AF Tan, K.
White, C.
Hunston, D.
Vogt, B.
Haag, A.
BE Dillard, DA
TI Assessing and improving bonding in wet conditions
SO ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ADHESIVE BONDING
SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE durability; moisture; degradation; aging; biological adhesives;
accelerated testing; interfacial water distribution
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL
ADHESIVE JOINTS; CRITICAL RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; INTERFACIAL SILANE LAYERS;
WATER-ADSORPTION; ORGANIC COATINGS; EPOXY ADHESIVE; FRACTURE ENERGY;
CRACK-GROWTH
AB Moisture is a key culprit in degrading adhesive bonds. This chapter reviews recent developments in test methods and techniques that have been used to assess and understand the role moisture plays in bond degradation, placing emphasis on accelerated destructive aging and testing, as well as non-destructive evaluation. Current understanding of interfacial water accumulation and advances in techniques for quantifying interfacial water distribution and diffusion are discussed. Finally, progress in surface pretreatment techniques, modification of bulk properties, engineering of novel biological adhesives and joint design considerations for improving adhesive bonds in wet conditions are presented.
C1 [Tan, K.; White, C.; Hunston, D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Vogt, B.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
[Haag, A.] Haag Chem LLC, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA.
RP White, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christopher.white@nist.gov; bryan.vogt@asu.edu; haagap@q.com
RI Dillard, David/C-3185-2012
OI Dillard, David/0000-0002-2903-9318
NR 110
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84569-435-7
J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER
PY 2010
BP 547
EP 573
DI 10.1533/9781845698058.4.547
D2 10.1533/9781845698058
PG 27
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA BRP92
UT WOS:000283352600018
ER
PT S
AU Chalfoun, J
Dima, AA
Peskin, AP
Elliott, JT
Filliben, JJ
AF Chalfoun, Joe
Dima, Alden A.
Peskin, Adele P.
Elliott, John T.
Filliben, James J.
BE Bebis, G
Boyle, R
Parvin, B
Koracin, D
Chung, R
Hammound, R
Hussain, M
Han, TK
Crawfis, R
Thalmann, D
Kao, D
Avila, L
TI A Human Inspired Local Ratio-Based Algorithm for Edge Detection in
Fluorescent Cell Images
SO ADVANCES IN VISUAL COMPUTING, PT I
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Visual Computing
CY NOV 29-DEC 01, 2010
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP UNR, DRI, LBNL, NASA Ames, Air Force Res Lab, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox, Ford, Hewlett Packard, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, iCore, Toyota, Delphi, Gen Elect, Microsoft MSDN, Volt
ID MICROSCOPY
AB We have developed a new semi-automated method for segmenting images of biological cells seeded at low density on tissue culture substrates, which we use to improve the generation of reference data for the evaluation of automated segmentation algorithms. The method was designed to mimic manual cell segmentation and is based on a model of human visual perception. We demonstrate a need for automated methods to assist with the generation of reference data by comparing several sets of masks from manually segmented cell images created by multiple independent hand-selections of pixels that belong to cell edges. We quantify the differences in these manually segmented masks and then compare them with masks generated from our new segmentation method which we use on cell images acquired to ensure very sharp, clear edges. The resulting masks from 16 images contain 71 cells and show that our semi-automated method for reference data generation locates cell edges more consistently than manual segmentation alone and produces better edge detection than other techniques like 5-means clustering and active contour segmentation for our images.
C1 [Chalfoun, Joe; Dima, Alden A.; Elliott, John T.; Filliben, James J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Peskin, Adele P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Chalfoun, J (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-17288-5
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6453
BP 23
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUW97
UT WOS:000290548000003
ER
PT S
AU Peskin, AP
Dima, AA
Chalfoun, J
Elliott, JT
AF Peskin, Adele P.
Dima, Alden A.
Chalfoun, Joe
Elliott, John T.
BE Bebis, G
Boyle, R
Parvin, B
Koracin, D
Chung, R
Hammound, R
Hussain, M
Han, TK
Crawfis, R
Thalmann, D
Kao, D
Avila, L
TI Predicting Segmentation Accuracy for Biological Cell Images
SO ADVANCES IN VISUAL COMPUTING, PT I
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Visual Computing
CY NOV 29-DEC 01, 2010
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP UNR, DRI, LBNL, NASA Ames, Air Force Res Lab, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox, Ford, Hewlett Packard, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, iCore, Toyota, Delphi, Gen Elect, Microsoft MSDN, Volt
ID THIN-FILMS; COLLAGEN
AB We have performed segmentation procedures on a large number of images from two mammalian cell lines that were seeded at low density, in order to study trends in the segmentation results and make predictions about cellular features that affect segmentation accuracy. By comparing segmentation results from approximately 40000 cells, we find a linear relationship between the highest segmentation accuracy seen for a given cell and the fraction of pixels in the neighborhood of the edge of that cell. This fraction of pixels is at greatest risk for error when cells are segmented. We call the ratio of the size of this pixel fraction to the size of the cell the extended edge neighborhood and this metric can predict segmentation accuracy of any isolated cell.
C1 [Peskin, Adele P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dima, Alden A.; Chalfoun, Joe; Elliott, John T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Peskin, AP (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-17288-5
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6453
BP 549
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUW97
UT WOS:000290548000053
ER
PT S
AU Peskin, AP
Dima, AA
AF Peskin, Adele P.
Dima, Alden A.
BE Bebis, G
Boyle, R
Parvin, B
Koracin, D
Chung, R
Hammound, R
Hussain, M
Han, TK
Crawfis, R
Thalmann, D
Kao, D
Avila, L
TI Modeling Clinical Tumors to Create Reference Data for Tumor Volume
Measurement
SO ADVANCES IN VISUAL COMPUTING, PT II
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Visual Computing
CY NOV 29-DEC 01, 2010
CL Las Vegas, NV
SP UNR, DRI, LBNL, NASA Ames, Air Force Res Lab, Intel, DigitalPersona, Equinox, Ford, Hewlett Packard, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, iCore, Toyota, Delphi, Gen Elect, Microsoft MSDN, Volt
ID PULMONARY NODULES; CT; SIZE
AB Expanding on our previously developed method for inserting synthetic objects into clinical computed tomography (CT) data, we model a set of eight clinical tumors that span a range of geometries and locations within the lung. The goal is to create realistic but synthetic tumor data, with known volumes. The set of data we created can be used as ground truth data to compare volumetric methods, particularly for lung tumors attached to vascular material in the lung or attached to lung walls, where ambiguities for volume measurement occur. In the process of creating these data sets, we select a sample of often seen lung tumor shapes and locations in the lung, and show that for this sample a large fraction of the voxels representing tumors in the gridded data are partially filled voxels. This points out the need for volumetric methods that handle partial volumes accurately.
C1 [Peskin, Adele P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dima, Alden A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Peskin, AP (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-17273-1
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2010
VL 6454
BP 736
EP +
PN II
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BUW95
UT WOS:000290547200072
ER
PT J
AU Ogren, JA
AF Ogren, John A.
TI Comment on oCalibration and Intercomparison of Filter-Based Measurements
of Visible Light Absorption by Aerosolso
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID CALIBRATION
C1 NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Ogren, JA (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway R GMD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM John.A.Ogren@noaa.gov
RI Ogren, John/M-8255-2015
OI Ogren, John/0000-0002-7895-9583
NR 5
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 8
BP 589
EP 591
AR PII 924399079
DI 10.1080/02786826.2010.482111
PG 3
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 626JM
UT WOS:000279962200001
ER
PT J
AU Cross, ES
Onasch, TB
Ahern, A
Wrobel, W
Slowik, JG
Olfert, J
Lack, DA
Massoli, P
Cappa, CD
Schwarz, JP
Spackman, JR
Fahey, DW
Sedlacek, A
Trimborn, A
Jayne, JT
Freedman, A
Williams, LR
Ng, NL
Mazzoleni, C
Dubey, M
Brem, B
Kok, G
Subramanian, R
Freitag, S
Clarke, A
Thornhill, D
Marr, LC
Kolb, CE
Worsnop, DR
Davidovits, P
AF Cross, Eben S.
Onasch, Timothy B.
Ahern, Adam
Wrobel, William
Slowik, Jay G.
Olfert, Jason
Lack, Daniel A.
Massoli, Paola
Cappa, Christopher D.
Schwarz, Joshua P.
Spackman, J. Ryan
Fahey, David W.
Sedlacek, Arthur
Trimborn, Achim
Jayne, John T.
Freedman, Andrew
Williams, Leah R.
Ng, Nga L.
Mazzoleni, Claudio
Dubey, Manvendra
Brem, Benjamin
Kok, Greg
Subramanian, R.
Freitag, Steffen
Clarke, Antony
Thornhill, Dwight
Marr, Linsey C.
Kolb, Charles E.
Worsnop, Douglas R.
Davidovits, Paul
TI Soot Particle StudiesInstrument Inter-ComparisonProject Overview
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAVITY-RING-DOWN; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; AERODYNAMIC DIAMETER
MEASUREMENTS; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; BLACK-CARBON; LIGHT-ABSORPTION;
SULFURIC-ACID; MEXICO-CITY; INTEGRATING NEPHELOMETER; DENSITY
CHARACTERIZATION
AB An inter-comparison study of instruments designed to measure the microphysical and optical properties of soot particles was completed. The following mass-based instruments were tested: Couette Centrifugal Particle Mass Analyzer (CPMA), Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass SpectrometerScanning Mobility Particle Sizer (AMS-SMPS), Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2), Soot Particle-Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SP-AMS) and Photoelectric Aerosol Sensor (PAS2000CE). Optical instruments measured absorption (photoacoustic, interferometric, and filter-based), scattering (in situ), and extinction (light attenuation within an optical cavity). The study covered an experimental matrix consisting of 318 runs that systematically tested the performance of instruments across a range of parameters including: fuel equivalence ratio (1.8 phi 5), particle shape (mass-mobility exponent (Dfm), 2.0 Dfm 3.0), particle mobility size (30 dm 300 nm), black carbon mass (0.07 mBC 4.2 fg) and particle chemical composition. In selected runs, particles were coated with sulfuric acid or dioctyl sebacate (DOS) (0.5 rve 201 nm) where rve is the change in the volume equivalent radius due to the coating material. The effect of non-absorbing coatings on instrument response was determined. Changes in the morphology of fractal soot particles were monitored during coating and denuding processes and the effect of particle shape on instrument response was determined. The combination of optical and mass based measurements was used to determine the mass specific absorption coefficient for denuded soot particles. The single scattering albedo of the particles was also measured. An overview of the experiments and sample results are presented.
C1 [Cross, Eben S.; Onasch, Timothy B.; Ahern, Adam; Wrobel, William; Davidovits, Paul] Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
[Cross, Eben S.; Onasch, Timothy B.; Ahern, Adam; Massoli, Paola; Trimborn, Achim; Jayne, John T.; Freedman, Andrew; Williams, Leah R.; Ng, Nga L.; Kolb, Charles E.; Worsnop, Douglas R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
[Slowik, Jay G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Olfert, Jason; Sedlacek, Arthur] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Lack, Daniel A.; Massoli, Paola; Schwarz, Joshua P.; Spackman, J. Ryan; Fahey, David W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Cappa, Christopher D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Mazzoleni, Claudio; Dubey, Manvendra] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Brem, Benjamin] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Kok, Greg; Subramanian, R.] Droplet Measurement Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Freitag, Steffen; Clarke, Antony] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Thornhill, Dwight; Marr, Linsey C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[Olfert, Jason] Univ Alberta, Dept Mech Engn, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Mazzoleni, Claudio] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Lack, Daniel A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Cross, ES (reprint author), MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM escross@mit.edu
RI Slowik, Jay/F-4894-2011; Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010; Lack,
Daniel/I-9053-2012; Kolb, Charles/A-8596-2009; Marr, Linsey/C-9698-2010;
Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Mazzoleni, Claudio/E-5615-2011; schwarz,
joshua/G-4556-2013; Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Subramanian,
R/A-4913-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Worsnop,
Douglas/D-2817-2009
OI Slowik, Jay/0000-0001-5682-850X; Marr, Linsey/0000-0003-3628-6891;
Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; schwarz,
joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634;
Subramanian, R/0000-0002-5553-5913; Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017
FU Office of Science (BER), Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER63995];
National Science Foundation [ATM-052535, ATM-0854916]; NOAA; NASA; Upper
Atmosphere Research Program; Gold-haber Distinguished Fellowship Program
FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), Department
of Energy (Atmospheric Science Program) grant No. DE-FG02-05ER63995 and
the Atmospheric Chemistry Program of the National Science Foundation
grants No. ATM-0525355 and ATM-0854916 to Boston College and Aerodyne
Research, Inc. NOAA SP2 participation was supported by the NOAA
Atmospheric Composition and Climate, and Health of the Atmosphere
Programs, and the NASA Radiation Sciences Program and Upper Atmosphere
Research Program. J. Olfert would like to thank Cambustion Ltd. for
lending the Couette CPMA for this study. J. Olfert acknowledges the
Gold-haber Distinguished Fellowship Program for providing funding for
this project. C. Mazzoleni would like to thank MTU for start-up funds
for SEM analysis and Owen P. Mills and Claire F. Drom at the Applied
Chemical and Morphological Analysis Laboratory for their support.
NR 70
TC 104
Z9 104
U1 3
U2 73
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
EI 1521-7388
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 8
BP 592
EP 611
AR PII 924397787
DI 10.1080/02786826.2010.482113
PG 20
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 626JM
UT WOS:000279962200002
ER
PT J
AU Schwarz, JP
Spackman, JR
Gao, RS
Perring, AE
Cross, E
Onasch, TB
Ahern, A
Wrobel, W
Davidovits, P
Olfert, J
Dubey, MK
Mazzoleni, C
Fahey, DW
AF Schwarz, J. P.
Spackman, J. R.
Gao, R. S.
Perring, A. E.
Cross, E.
Onasch, T. B.
Ahern, A.
Wrobel, W.
Davidovits, P.
Olfert, J.
Dubey, M. K.
Mazzoleni, C.
Fahey, D. W.
TI The Detection Efficiency of the Single Particle Soot Photometer
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE; BLACK CARBON; MASS ANALYZER; AEROSOLS;
STATE
AB A single particle soot photometer (SP2) uses an intense laser to heat individual aerosol particles of refractory black carbon (rBC) to vaporization, causing them to emit detectable amounts of thermal radiation that are used to quantify rBC mass. This approach is well suited for the detection of the majority of rBC mass loading in the ambient atmosphere, which occurs primarily in the accumulation mode ( 1-300 fg-rBC/particle). In addition to operator choices about instrument parameters, SP2 detection of rBC number and/or mass can be limited by the physical process inherent in the SP2 detection technique namely at small rBC mass or low laser intensities, particles fail to heat to vaporization, a requirement for proper detection. In this study, the SP2's ability to correctly detect and count individual flame-generated soot particles was measured at different laser intensities for different rBC particle masses. The flame-generated soot aerosol used for testing was optionally prepared with coatings of organic and non-organic material and/or thermally denuded. These data are used to identify a minimum laser intensity for accurate detection at sea level of total rBC mass in the accumulation mode (300 nW/(220-nm PSL)), a minimum rBC mass ( 0.7-fg rBC-mass corresponding to 90 nm volume-equivalent diameter) for near-unity number detection efficiency with a typical operating laser intensity (450 nW/(220-nm PSL)), and a methodology using observed color temperature to recognize laser intensity insufficient for accurate rBC mass detection. Additionally, methods for measurement of laser intensity using either laboratory or ambient aerosol are presented.
C1 [Schwarz, J. P.; Spackman, J. R.; Gao, R. S.; Perring, A. E.; Fahey, D. W.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schwarz, J. P.; Spackman, J. R.; Perring, A. E.; Fahey, D. W.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cross, E.; Onasch, T. B.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
[Ahern, A.; Wrobel, W.; Davidovits, P.] Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
[Olfert, J.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Dubey, M. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Mazzoleni, C.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP Schwarz, JP (reprint author), 325 Broadway R CSD 6, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Joshua.p.schwarz@noaa.gov
RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Mazzoleni, Claudio/E-5615-2011;
Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; schwarz, joshua/G-4556-2013; Perring,
Anne/G-4597-2013; Gao, Ru-Shan/H-7455-2013; Fahey, David/G-4499-2013
OI Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; schwarz,
joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Perring, Anne/0000-0003-2231-7503; Fahey,
David/0000-0003-1720-0634
FU NOAA; NASA; Office of Science (BER), Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-05ER63995]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0525355]
FX NOAASP2 participation was supported by the NOAA Atmospheric Composition
and Climate, and Health of the Atmosphere Programs, and the NASA
Radiation Sciences Program and Upper Atmosphere Research Program. The
intercomparison was supported in part by the Office of Science (BER),
Department of Energy (Atmospheric Science Program) grant No.
DE-FG02-05ER63995, and the Atmospheric Chemistry Program of the National
Science Foundation, grant No. ATM-0525355.
NR 25
TC 65
Z9 65
U1 2
U2 38
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
EI 1521-7388
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 8
BP 612
EP 628
AR PII 924376370
DI 10.1080/02786826.2010.481298
PG 17
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 626JM
UT WOS:000279962200003
ER
PT J
AU Baigorria, GA
Chelliah, M
Mo, KC
Romero, CC
Jones, JW
O'Brien, JJ
Higgins, RW
AF Baigorria, Guillermo A.
Chelliah, Muthuvel
Mo, Kingtse C.
Romero, Consuelo C.
Jones, James W.
O'Brien, James J.
Higgins, R. Wayne
TI Forecasting Cotton Yield in the Southeastern United States using Coupled
Global Circulation Models
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE FORECAST; TEMPERATURE; SYSTEM; VARIABILITY; RAINFALL; USA;
PREDICTABILITY; INFORMATION; GROWTH; SKILL
AB We developed methods of forecasting cotton (Gossypium birsutum L. var. birsutum) yields at a county level 3 mo before harvest for the states of Alabama and Georgia. Cotton yield historical records for 57 counties were obtained from NASS and detrended using a low-pass spectral filter. A Canonical Correlation Analysis regression-based model was annually recalibrated to incorporate the year-by-year accumulating data: (i) April-June (during vegetative growth) observed rainfall for the forecasting year, and (ii) July-September (during reproductive growth) global-scaled 2-m mean temperatures for years before the forecasting year, beginning with 1970. We produced two types of forecasts: short range and medium range. The short-range near-term yield forecast (just before initiating harvest in the region) used gridded assimilated observed 2-m mean temperatures obtained from the NCEP-NCAR CDAS Reanalysis data. The medium-range forecast (3 mo before harvest) used 2-m mean temperature retrospective forecasts from the operational NOAA/NWS/NCEP Climate Forecasts System coupled global circulation model. The short-range, near-term forecast performance was measured by leave-one-out cross-validation and retroactive validation, whereas medium-range forecast performance used the previous two methods plus a proposed coral-reef validation method. The agreement between short-range near-term forecast and actual cotton yield was statistically significant at the 0.05 level in 31 out of 57 counties. For 4896 of these 31 counties, the agreements between medium-range forecasts and actual cotton yields were statistically significant at the 0.05 level. The goodness-of-fit index for those 15 counties was 0.51 and the RMSE ranged from 13 to 31% of the annual yield.
C1 [Baigorria, Guillermo A.; Romero, Consuelo C.; Jones, James W.] Univ Florida, Agr & Biol Engn Dep, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Chelliah, Muthuvel; Mo, Kingtse C.; Higgins, R. Wayne] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[O'Brien, James J.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Baigorria, GA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Agr & Biol Engn Dep, Frazier Rogers Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM gbaigorr@ifas.ufl.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration- Climate Project Office-
Climate Test Bed (NOAA/CPO/CTB)
FX The research was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration- Climate Project Office- Climate Test Bed (NOAA/CPO/CTB)
and developed under the auspices of the Southeast Climate Consortium
(SECC). The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its subagencies.
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 102
IS 1
BP 187
EP 196
DI 10.2134/agronj2009.0201
PG 10
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 545QE
UT WOS:000273750500027
ER
PT S
AU Clawson, KL
Finn, D
Carter, RG
Rich, JD
Eckman, RM
Perry, SG
Isakov, V
Heist, DK
Pierce, T
AF Clawson, Kirk L.
Finn, Dennis
Carter, Roger G.
Rich, Jason D.
Eckman, Richard M.
Perry, Steven G.
Isakov, Vlad
Heist, David K.
Pierce, Thomas
BE Steyn, DG
Rao, ST
TI NOAA EPA Near-Roadway Sound Barrier Atmospheric Tracer Study 2008
SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling
and Its Applications
CY MAY 18-22, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP NATO, SPS
DE Wake zone; traffic emissions; pollutant dispersion near roadways;
concentration deficits; atmospheric tracer; atmospheric stability
ID AIR-QUALITY; IMPACTS
AB A roadway toxics dispersion study was conducted at the Idaho National Laboratory to document the effects on concentrations of roadway emissions behind a roadside sound barrier in various conditions of atmospheric stability. The key finding was that reduced concentrations were measured behind the barrier in all stability conditions. It was also found that the magnitude of the concentration footprint behind the barrier was tied to atmospheric stability and that the roadway tended to trap high concentrations during light wind speed conditions.
C1 [Clawson, Kirk L.; Finn, Dennis; Carter, Roger G.; Rich, Jason D.; Eckman, Richard M.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Field Res Div, 1750 Foote Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
[Perry, Steven G.; Isakov, Vlad; Heist, David K.; Pierce, Thomas] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Clawson, KL (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Field Res Div, 1750 Foote Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
EM kirk.clawson@Noaa.agov
RI Clawson, Kirk/C-5910-2016; Eckman, Richard/D-1476-2016; Finn,
Dennis/C-3204-2016
OI Clawson, Kirk/0000-0002-8789-9607;
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S Goverment
[DW-13-92274201-0]
FX We Wish to thank Alan Vette and S.T.Rao from the Contributions they made
to the study. This Work Was Completed under Interagency Agreement
DW-13-92274201-0 between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and the U.S Goverment right to retain a nonexculusive
royal-free locenes in and copyright is.acknowledged.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-465X
BN 978-90-481-3810-4
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B
PY 2010
BP 27
EP +
PG 3
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics
GA BPY43
UT WOS:000280347800005
ER
PT S
AU Lee, P
Byun, D
Stein, A
Tang, YH
Lin, HM
Huang, HC
Lu, S
Tsidulko, M
McQueen, J
Tong, D
Yu, SC
Chai, TF
Kim, D
Stajner, I
Davidson, P
AF Lee, Pius
Byun, Daewon
Stein, Ariel
Tang, You-Hua
Lin, Hsin-Mu
Huang, Ho-Chun
Lu, Sarah
Tsidulko, Marina
McQueen, Jeff
Tong, Daniel
Yu, Shaocai
Chai, Tianfeng
Kim, Dongchul
Stajner, Ivanka
Davidson, Paula
BE Steyn, DG
Rao, ST
TI Effect of Temporal Averaging of Vertical Eddy Diffusivity on the
Forecast Quality of Surface Ozone Concentration of the National Air
Quality Forecast
SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling
and Its Applications
CY MAY 18-22, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP NATO, SPS
ID MODEL; CMAQ
AB Air Quality forecast models are employed to provide numerical guidance for forecasters to issue timely ozone and particulate matter concentration forecast pertinent to human health exposures to the communities they serve. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), National Weather Service Weather Research and Forecasting Non-hydrostatic Mesoscale Model (WRF/NMM) has been coupled off-line with the EPA Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model in 2003 to form the National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC). Coupling of the turbulent mixing processes of the meteorological driver and CMAQ has been a challenge. WRF/NMM uses the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ) turbulence mixing scheme in the boundary layer. The option of directly using MYJ provided vertical eddy diffusivity to calculate turbulent mixing of the atmospheric chemical constituents in CMAQ has been tested. This study investigated the effect of various temporal averaging treatments of vertical eddy diffusivity in redistributing ozone in the boundary layer. Model predicted concentration structures of ozone resulting from these various temporal treatments of vertical eddy diffusivity have been studied and verified using AIRNOW, an EPA surface ozone concentration network, and ozone-sonde data.
C1 [Lee, Pius; Byun, Daewon; Stein, Ariel] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Lee, P (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, 1315 EW Highway,Room 3316, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM pius.lee@noaaa.gov
RI Tong, Daniel/A-8255-2008; Stein, Ariel F/L-9724-2014; Chai,
Tianfeng/E-5577-2010; Stajner, Ivanka/B-5228-2009; Tang,
Youhua/D-5205-2016; Lee, Pius/D-5201-2016
OI Tong, Daniel/0000-0002-4255-4568; Stein, Ariel F/0000-0002-9560-9198;
Chai, Tianfeng/0000-0003-3520-2641; Stajner, Ivanka/0000-0001-6103-3939;
Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915;
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-465X
BN 978-90-481-3810-4
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B
PY 2010
BP 295
EP 301
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics
GA BPY43
UT WOS:000280347800053
ER
PT S
AU Lu, S
Huang, HC
Hou, YT
Tang, YH
McQueen, J
da Silva, A
Chin, MA
Joseph, E
Stockwell, W
AF Lu, Sarah
Huang, Ho-Chun
Hou, Yu-Tai
Tang, Youhua
McQueen, Jeff
da Silva, Arlindo
Chin, Mian
Joseph, Everette
Stockwell, William
BE Steyn, DG
Rao, ST
TI Development of NCEP Global Aerosol Forecasting System: An Overview and
It Applications for Improving Weather and Air Quality Forecasts
SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling
and Its Applications
CY MAY 18-22, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP NATO, SPS
DE Aerosols; lateral boundary condition; aerosol-radiation feedback
AB The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) is developing global aerosol forecasting and assimilation capabilities to improve the treatment of radiation feedback in the numerical weather predictions and to provide aerosols boundary conditions for the regional air quality forecast system. This paper present two impact studies: (1) the impact of lateral aerosol boundary conditions on aerosol air quality forecasts, and (2) the impact of improved aerosol treatment on medium range weather forecasts.
C1 [Lu, Sarah; Huang, Ho-Chun; Hou, Yu-Tai; Tang, Youhua; McQueen, Jeff] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Lu, S (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RI da Silva, Arlindo/D-6301-2012; Chin, Mian/J-8354-2012; Tang,
Youhua/D-5205-2016
OI da Silva, Arlindo/0000-0002-3381-4030; Tang, Youhua/0000-0001-7089-7915
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-465X
BN 978-90-481-3810-4
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B
PY 2010
BP 451
EP 454
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics
GA BPY43
UT WOS:000280347800079
ER
PT S
AU Fiore, AM
Levy, H
Ming, Y
Fang, Y
Horowitz, LW
AF Fiore, A. M.
Levy, H., II
Ming, Y.
Fang, Y.
Horowitz, L. W.
BE Steyn, DG
Rao, ST
TI Interactions Between Climate and Air Quality
SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XX
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B-Physics and Biophysics
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling
and Its Applications
CY MAY 18-22, 2009
CL San Francisco, CA
SP NATO, SPS
ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; GLOBAL CHANGES; UNITED-STATES; METHANE; MODEL;
ATTRIBUTION; EMISSIONS; POLLUTION; AEROSOLS; TRENDS
AB We present two examples of air pollutant contributions to climate forcing. First, oxidation of the potent greenhouse gas methane produces tropospheric ozone, another greenhouse gas and the primary constituent of ground-level smog. Methane emission controls are thus a "win-win" strategy for jointly addressing air quality and climate goals, particularly given the availability of low-cost emission control options. Second is the "win-lose" case of aerosol sulfate, where decreases improve air quality but lead to additional warming due to decreased scattering of solar radiation. We highlight the potential for aerosols to change the hydrologic cycle and key aspects of how climate change may affect air quality, underscoring a need for evaluating chemistry-climate models with observed relationships between meteorology and air pollutants to build confidence in future projections.
C1 [Fiore, A. M.; Levy, H., II; Ming, Y.; Fang, Y.; Horowitz, L. W.] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Fiore, AM (reprint author), NOAA, GFDL, POB 308, Princeton, NJ USA.
RI Fang, Yuanyuan/F-1308-2011
OI Fang, Yuanyuan/0000-0001-7067-7103
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-465X
BN 978-90-481-3810-4
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SEC B
PY 2010
BP 481
EP 489
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics, Applied
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physics
GA BPY43
UT WOS:000280347800085
ER
PT S
AU Gladkova, I
Grossberg, M
Shahriar, F
AF Gladkova, Irina
Grossberg, Michael
Shahriar, Fazlul
BE Shen, SS
Lewis, PE
TI Quantitative Image Restoration
SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND
ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XVI
SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral,
Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XVI
CY APR 05-08, 2010
CL Orlando, FL
SP SPIE
ID FIELDS
AB Even with the most extensive precautions and careful planning, space based imagers will inevitably experience problems resulting in partial data corruption and possible loss. Such a loss occurs, for example, when individual image detectors are damaged. For a scanning imager this results in missing lines in the image. Images with missing lines can wreak havoc since algorithms not typically designed to handle missing pixels. Currently the metadata stores the locations of missing data, and naive spatial interpolation is used to fill it in.
Naive interpolation methods can create image artifacts and even statistically or physically implausible image values. We present a general method, which uses non-linear statistical regression to estimate the values of the missing data in a principled manner. A statistically based estimate is desirable because it will preserve the statistical structure of the uncorrupted data and avoid the artifacts of naive interpolation. It also means that the restored images are suitable as input for higher-level statistical products.
Previous methods replaced the missing values with those of a single closely related band, by applying a function or lookup table. We propose to use the redundant information in multiple bands to restore the lost information. The estimator we present in this paper uses values in a neighborhood of the pixel to be estimated, and propose a value based on training data from the uncorrupted pixels. Since we use the spatial variations in other channels, we avoid the blurring inherent spatial interpolation, which have implicit smoothness priors.
C1 [Gladkova, Irina; Grossberg, Michael; Shahriar, Fazlul] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Gladkova, I (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, NOAA, CREST, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM gladkova@cs.ccny.cuny.edu
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8159-7
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2010
VL 7695
AR 769519
DI 10.1117/12.851731
PG 12
WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA BSS80
UT WOS:000285716700043
ER
PT J
AU Staymates, JL
Gillen, G
AF Staymates, Jessica L.
Gillen, Greg
TI Fabrication and characterization of gelatin-based test materials for
verification of trace contraband vapor detectors
SO ANALYST
LA English
DT Article
ID ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL-WARFARE AGENTS
AB This work describes a method to produce inexpensive and field deployable test materials that can be used to verify the performance of trace contraband vapor detection systems such as ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) currently deployed worldwide for explosives, narcotics, and chemical warfare agent (CWA) detection. Requirements for such field deployable test materials include long shelf life, portability, and low manufacturing costs. Reported here is a method for fabricating these test materials using encapsulation of high vapor pressure compounds, such as methyl salicylate (MS), into a gelatin matrix. Gelatin serves as a diffusion barrier allowing for controlled and sustained release of test vapors. Test materials were prepared by incorporating serial dilutions of MS into gelatin, which provide controlled analyte vapor release over 3 to 4 orders of magnitude of instrument response. The test materials are simple to prepare and have been shown to be stable for at least one year under controlled laboratory conditions.
C1 [Staymates, Jessica L.; Gillen, Greg] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Staymates, JL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jessica.staymates@nist.gov
FU Science and Technology Directorate of the US Department of Homeland
Security; National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX The Science and Technology Directorate of the US Department of Homeland
Security sponsored the production of this work under an Interagency
Agreement with the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0003-2654
J9 ANALYST
JI Analyst
PY 2010
VL 135
IS 10
BP 2573
EP 2578
DI 10.1039/c0an00380h
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 652JX
UT WOS:000282003800013
PM 20820496
ER
PT J
AU Reiner, JE
Jahn, A
Stavis, SM
Culbertson, MJ
Vreeland, WN
Burden, DL
Geist, J
Gaitan, M
AF Reiner, Joseph E.
Jahn, Andreas
Stavis, Samuel M.
Culbertson, Michael J.
Vreeland, Wyatt N.
Burden, Daniel L.
Geist, Jon
Gaitan, Michael
TI Accurate Optical Analysis of Single-Molecule Entrapment in Nanoscale
Vesicles
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; LIGHT-SCATTERING; FLUCTUATION
SPECTROSCOPY; LIPID VESICLES; LIPOSOMES; ENCAPSULATION; NANOPARTICLES;
DISTRIBUTIONS; SIZE; NANOCONTAINERS
AB We present a nondestructive method to accurately characterize low analyte concentrations (0-10 molecules) in nanometer-scale lipid vesicles. Our approach is based on the application of fluorescence fluctuation analysis (FFA) and multiangle laser light scattering (MALUS) in conjunction with asymmetric field flow fractionation (AFFF) to measure the entrapment efficiency (the ratio of the concentration of encapsulated dye to the initial bulk concentration) of an ensemble of liposomes with an average diameter less than 100 nm. Water-soluble sulforhodamine B (SRB) was loaded into the aqueous interior of nanoscale liposomes synthesized in a microfluidic device. A confocal microscope was used to detect a laser-induced fluorescence signal resulting from both encapsulated and unencapsulated SRB molecules. The first two cumulants of this signal along with the autocorrelation function (ACF) were used to quantify liposome entrapment efficiency. Our analysis moves beyond typical, nonphysical assumptions of equal liposome size and brightness. These advances are essential for characterizing liposomes in the single-molecule encapsulation regime. Our work has further analytical impact because it could increase the interrogation time of free-solution molecular analysis by an order of magnitude and form the basis for the development of liposome standard reference materials.
C1 [Reiner, Joseph E.; Jahn, Andreas; Stavis, Samuel M.; Geist, Jon; Gaitan, Michael] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Culbertson, Michael J.; Burden, Daniel L.] Wheaton Coll, Dept Chem, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA.
[Vreeland, Wyatt N.] NIST, Div Biotechnol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reiner, JE (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.reiner@nist.gov
RI Reiner, Joseph/B-7893-2013;
OI Geist, Jon/0000-0001-7749-318X; Reiner, Joseph/0000-0002-1056-8703;
Culbertson, Michael/0000-0001-6883-9767
FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (ACS-PRF); Camille and
Henry Dreyfus Foundation Teacher-Scholar Award; National Science
Foundation [0550005, 0722688]
FX M.J.C. and D.L.B. acknowledge funding from the American Chemical Society
Petroleum Research Fund (ACS-PRF), the Camille and Henry Dreyfus
Foundation Teacher-Scholar Award, and the National Science Foundation
(0550005, 0722688). This research was performed while S.M.S. held a
National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National
Institute of Standards and Technology. Commercial names of materials and
equipment arc identified only to adequately specify the experimental
procedures. This does not imply a recommendation by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that they are
the best available for the purpose.
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
BP 180
EP 188
DI 10.1021/ac901698v
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 539OT
UT WOS:000273265700033
PM 19950933
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, SC
Zhou, W
Zhang, ZJ
Green, MA
Liu, Y
Chen, BL
AF Xiang, Shengchang
Zhou, Wei
Zhang, Zhangjing
Green, Mark A.
Liu, Yun
Chen, Banglin
TI Open Metal Sites within Isostructural Metal-Organic Frameworks for
Differential Recognition of Acetylene and Extraordinarily High Acetylene
Storage Capacity at Room Temperature
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE acetylene; mesoporous materials; metal-organic frameworks; molecular
recognition; structure elucidation
ID COORDINATION POLYMER; SORPTION PROPERTIES; HYDROGEN ADSORPTION; AIR
SEPARATION; GAS-STORAGE; H-2; POROSITY; MOLECULES; CATALYSIS; SIZE
C1 [Zhou, Wei; Green, Mark A.; Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xiang, Shengchang; Zhang, Zhangjing; Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yunliu@nist.gov; banglin.chen@utsa.edu
RI Chen, Banglin/F-5461-2010; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; Zhang,
Zhangjing/A-1038-2011; Xiang, Shengchang/F-9210-2010; Liu,
Yun/F-6516-2012; Zhang, Zhangjing/P-2680-2014
OI Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115; Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Xiang,
Shengchang/0000-0001-6016-2587; Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Zhang,
Zhangjing/0000-0003-1264-7648
FU NSF [CHE 0718281]; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
through the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence
FX We would like to thank Dr. Dan Neumann for many useful discussions. This
work was supported by an Award CHE 0718281 from the NSF (B.C.). Work at
NIST was supported in part by the Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy through the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence.
This manuscript was prepared under cooperative agreement 70NANB7H6178
from NIST, US Department of Commerce.
NR 59
TC 150
Z9 150
U1 5
U2 63
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 27
BP 4615
EP 4618
DI 10.1002/anie.201000094
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 620OF
UT WOS:000279508500015
PM 20491101
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YL
Walker, ARH
AF Liu, Yonglin
Walker, A. R. Hight
TI Monodisperse Gold Copper Bimetallic Nanocubes: Facile One-Step Synthesis
with Controllable Size and Composition
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE alloys; copper; gold; nanocubes; nanostructures
ID SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; PLATINUM NANOCRYSTALS; PYRROLE
HYDROGENATION; SELECTIVE SYNTHESIS; AUCU3 NANOCRYSTALS; CONTRAST AGENTS;
NANOPARTICLES; NANOCAGES; CLUSTERS; TRANSFORMATION
C1 [Liu, Yonglin; Walker, A. R. Hight] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Liu, YL (reprint author), NIST, Opt Technol Div, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
FU National Research Council (NRC, NIH(NIBIB)/NIST); NSF; University of
Maryland X-ray crystallographic center; XRD
FX Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified
in this paper to foster understanding and does not imply recommendation
or endorsement by NIST, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose
Y.L acknowledges the support of the National Research Council (NRC,
NIH(NIBIB)/NIST) for a research associate fellowship Both authors
acknowledge the Maryland NanoCenter and its NispLab (the NispLab is
supported in part by the NSF as a MRSEC Shared Experimental Facility),
the University of Maryland X-ray crystallographic center, and Dr Zhufang
Liu for XRD measurements
NR 51
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 5
U2 93
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 38
BP 6781
EP 6785
DI 10.1002/anie.201001931
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 659BF
UT WOS:000282541300013
PM 20715029
ER
PT J
AU Burress, JW
Gadipelli, S
Ford, J
Simmons, JM
Zhou, W
Yildirim, T
AF Burress, Jacob W.
Gadipelli, Srinivas
Ford, Jamie
Simmons, Jason M.
Zhou, Wei
Yildirim, Taner
TI Graphene Oxide Framework Materials: Theoretical Predictions and
Experimental Results
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE boronic acids; carbon dioxide capture; graphene oxide; hydrogen storage;
nanomaterials
ID ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; HYDROGEN STORAGE; ADSORPTION
C1 [Burress, Jacob W.; Gadipelli, Srinivas; Ford, Jamie; Simmons, Jason M.; Zhou, Wei; Yildirim, Taner] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gadipelli, Srinivas; Ford, Jamie; Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Yildirim, T (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM taner@seas.upenn.edu
RI Burress, Jacob/C-8258-2009; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; yildirim,
taner/A-1290-2009; Gadipelli, Srinivas/A-8622-2010
OI Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Gadipelli, Srinivas/0000-0002-1362-6905
FU DOE BES [DE-FG02-08ER46522]
FX This work was supported by the DOE BES Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46522.
Special thanks go to Prof. J. E. Fischer at UPenn for the use of his lab
for the synthesis of GO. We thank Chris Stafford of NIST for assistance
with XPS.
NR 15
TC 145
Z9 148
U1 7
U2 138
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
EI 1521-3773
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 47
BP 8902
EP 8904
DI 10.1002/anie.201003328
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 705PP
UT WOS:000286149700013
PM 20936611
ER
PT J
AU Ganushkina, NY
Liemohn, MW
Kubyshkina, MV
Ilie, R
Singer, HJ
AF Ganushkina, N. Yu
Liemohn, M. W.
Kubyshkina, M. V.
Ilie, R.
Singer, H. J.
TI Distortions of the magnetic field by storm-time current systems in
Earth's magnetosphere
SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetospheric physics; Current systems; Magnetospheric configuration
and dynamics; Storms and substorms
ID ASYMMETRIC RING CURRENT; TAIL CURRENT; MODEL; SUBSTORM; PLASMA;
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; MAGNETOPAUSE; SIMULATION; DRIVEN; SHEET
AB Magnetic field and current system changes in Earth's inner magnetosphere during storm times are studied using two principally different modeling approaches: on one hand, the event-oriented empirical magnetic field model, and, on the other, the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) built around a global MHD simulation. Two storm events, one moderate storm on 6-7 November 1997 with Dst minimum about -120 nT and one intense storm on 21-23 October 1999 with Dst minimum about -250 nT were modeled. Both modeling approaches predicted a large ring current ( first partial, later symmetric) contribution to the magnetic field perturbation for the intense storm. For the moderate storm, the tail current plays a dominant role in the event-oriented model results, while the SWMF results showed no strong tail current in the main phase, which resulted in a poorly timed storm peak relative to the observations. These results imply that the the development of a ring current depends on a strong force to inject the particles deep into the inner magnetosphere, and that the tail current is an important external source for the distortions of the inner magnetospheric magnetic field for both storms. Neither modeling approach was able to reproduce all the variations in the B-x and By components observed at geostationary orbit by GOES satellites during these two storms: the magnetopause current intensifications are inadequate, and the field-aligned currents are not sufficiently represented. While the event-oriented model reproduces rather well the B-z component at geostationary orbit, including the substorm-associated changes, the SWMF field is too dipolar at these locations. The empirical model is a useful tool for validation of the first-principle based models such as the SWMF.
C1 [Ganushkina, N. Yu; Liemohn, M. W.; Ilie, R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Ganushkina, N. Yu] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Kubyshkina, M. V.] St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Phys, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Singer, H. J.] NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ganushkina, NY (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM natalia.ganushkina@fmi.fi
RI Liemohn, Michael/H-8703-2012; Ilie, Raluca/A-9291-2013; Kubyshkina,
Marina/G-9436-2013; Ganushkina, Natalia/K-6314-2013
OI Liemohn, Michael/0000-0002-7039-2631; Kubyshkina,
Marina/0000-0001-5897-9547;
FU NASA [NNG05GM48G, NNX07AL88G, NNX08AQ15G]; NSF [ATM-0802705]; LANL-IGPP;
Academy of Finland
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by NASA
through grants NNG05GM48G, NNX07AL88G, and NNX08AQ15G, by NSF through
grant ATM-0802705, and by the LANL-IGPP minigrant program. We thank K.
Ogilvie and R. Lepping for the use of WIND data in this paper, World
Data Center C2 for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, for the provisional AE, Kp and
Dst indices data. The data were obtained from the Coordinated Data
Analysis Web (CDAWeb). Natalia Ganushkina's work was partly supported by
the Academy of Finland. We thank T. Pulkkinen for very useful
discussions.
NR 47
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 7
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 0992-7689
EI 1432-0576
J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY
JI Ann. Geophys.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 1
BP 123
EP 140
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 550OI
UT WOS:000274136900012
ER
PT J
AU Mierla, M
Inhester, B
Antunes, A
Boursier, Y
Byrne, JP
Colaninno, R
Davila, J
de Koning, CA
Gallagher, PT
Gissot, S
Howard, RA
Howard, TA
Kramar, M
Lamy, P
Liewer, PC
Maloney, S
Marque, C
McAteer, TJ
Moran, T
Rodriguez, L
Srivastava, N
Cyr, OCS
Stenborg, G
Temmer, M
Thernisien, A
Vourlidas, A
West, MJ
Wood, BE
Zhukov, AN
AF Mierla, M.
Inhester, B.
Antunes, A.
Boursier, Y.
Byrne, J. P.
Colaninno, R.
Davila, J.
de Koning, C. A.
Gallagher, P. T.
Gissot, S.
Howard, R. A.
Howard, T. A.
Kramar, M.
Lamy, P.
Liewer, P. C.
Maloney, S.
Marque, C.
McAteer, T. J.
Moran, T.
Rodriguez, L.
Srivastava, N.
Cyr, O. C. St.
Stenborg, G.
Temmer, M.
Thernisien, A.
Vourlidas, A.
West, M. J.
Wood, B. E.
Zhukov, A. N.
TI On the 3-D reconstruction of Coronal Mass Ejections using coronagraph
data
SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Solar physics, astrophysics, and astronomy; Flares and mass ejections
ID GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; STEREO MISSION; CONE MODEL; SECCHI; LASCO; CMES;
ASSOCIATION; TRANSIENTS; SPACECRAFT; GEOMETRY
AB Coronal Mass ejections (CMEs) are enormous eruptions of magnetized plasma expelled from the Sun into the interplanetary space, over the course of hours to days. They can create major disturbances in the interplanetary medium and trigger severe magnetic storms when they collide with the Earth's magnetosphere. It is important to know their real speed, propagation direction and 3-D configuration in order to accurately predict their arrival time at the Earth. Using data from the SECCHI coronagraphs onboard the STEREO mission, which was launched in October 2006, we can infer the propagation direction and the 3-D structure of such events. In this review, we first describe different techniques that were used to model the 3-D configuration of CMEs in the coronagraph field of view ( up to 15 R-circle dot). Then, we apply these techniques to different CMEs observed by various coronagraphs. A comparison of results obtained from the application of different reconstruction algorithms is presented and discussed.
C1 [Mierla, M.] Romanian Acad, Inst Geodynam, Bucharest, Romania.
[Mierla, M.; Gissot, S.; Marque, C.; Rodriguez, L.; West, M. J.; Zhukov, A. N.] Royal Observ Belgium, Solar Terr Ctr Excellence SIDC, Brussels, Belgium.
[Inhester, B.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Antunes, A.; Howard, R. A.; Vourlidas, A.; Wood, B. E.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Boursier, Y.; Lamy, P.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, Marseille, France.
[Boursier, Y.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Signal Proc Inst, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Byrne, J. P.; Gallagher, P. T.; Maloney, S.; McAteer, T. J.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Astrophys Res Grp, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Colaninno, R.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[de Koning, C. A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES SWPC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Howard, T. A.] USAF, Res Lab, Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Howard, T. A.] SW Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Kramar, M.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Liewer, P. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Srivastava, N.] Phys Res Lab, Udaipur Solar Observ, Udaipur, India.
[Stenborg, G.] Interferometrics Inc, Herndon, VA USA.
[Temmer, M.] Graz Univ, Inst Phys, Kanzelhohe Observ IGAM, Graz, Austria.
[Thernisien, A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Zhukov, A. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia.
RP Mierla, M (reprint author), Romanian Acad, Inst Geodynam, Bucharest, Romania.
EM mmierla@gmail.com
RI Maloney, Shane/G-6879-2016; Gallagher, Peter/C-7717-2011; Vourlidas,
Angelos/C-8231-2009; McAteer, R. T. James/D-3736-2011; Byrne,
Jason/K-4827-2013
OI Gallagher, Peter/0000-0001-9745-0400; Temmer,
Manuela/0000-0003-4867-7558; Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948;
Byrne, Jason/0000-0002-9412-8878
FU SIDC; ROB; Austrian Academy of Sciences at the Institute of Physics,
University of Graz [APART 11262]; ESA; NASA
FX M. M. would like to thank SIDC and ROB for the financial support and for
the facilities to carry out this work. M. T. is a recipient of an
APART-fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at the Institute of
Physics, University of Graz (APART 11262). We acknowledge the
SECCHI/STEREO and SOHO/LASCO consortia for providing the data. The
SEC-CHI data used here were produced by an international consortium of
the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Lockheed Martin Solar and
Astrophysics Lab (USA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (USA),
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK), University of Birmingham (UK),
Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research (Germany), Centre
Spatiale de Liege (Belgium), Institut d'Optique Theorique et Appliquee
(France), Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (France). The LASCO data
used here were produced by an international consortium of the Naval
Research Laboratory (USA), the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
(France, the former Laboratoire d'Astronomie Spatiale), the Max-Planck
Institute for Solar System Research (Germany), and the School of Physics
and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, (UK). SoHO is a project of
joint collaboration by ESA and NASA.
NR 73
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 0
U2 8
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 0992-7689
EI 1432-0576
J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY
JI Ann. Geophys.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 1
BP 203
EP 215
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 550OI
UT WOS:000274136900019
ER
PT J
AU Hargreaves, JK
Birch, MJ
Evans, DS
AF Hargreaves, J. K.
Birch, M. J.
Evans, D. S.
TI On the fine structure of medium energy electron fluxes in the auroral
zone and related effects in the ionospheric D-region
SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetospheric physics; Auroral phenomena; Energetic particles,
precipitating; Energetic particles, trapped
ID VLF EMISSIONS; ABSORPTION; LATITUDE; EVENTS
AB This study is based on measurements of trapped and precipitated electrons of energy > 30 keV and > 100 keV observed by polar orbiting environmental satellites during overpasses of the imaging riometer at Kilpisjarvi, Finland. The satellites are in sun-synchronous orbits of about 850 km altitude, recording the electron fluxes at 2-s time resolution. The riometer measures the radiowave absorption at 38.2 MHz, showing the spatial pattern within a 240 km field of view.
The analysis has focussed on two areas. Having found a close correlation between the radiowave absorption and the medium-energy electron fluxes during satellite overpasses, empirical relationships are derived, enabling one quantity to be predicted from the other for three sectors of local time. It is shown that small-scale variations observed during a pass are essentially spatial rather than temporal.
Other properties, such as the spectra and the relation between precipitated and trapped components, are also considered in the light of the theory of pitch angle scattering by VLF waves. It is found that the properties and behaviour depend strongly on the time of day. In the noon sector, the precipitated and trapped fluxes are highly correlated through a square law relationship.
C1 [Hargreaves, J. K.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Commun Syst, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England.
[Hargreaves, J. K.; Birch, M. J.] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst Astrophys & Supercomp, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England.
[Birch, M. J.] Univ Cent Lancashire, John Tyndall Inst Nucl Res, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England.
[Evans, D. S.] NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hargreaves, JK (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Dept Commun Syst, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England.
EM j.hargreaves@lancaster.ac.uk
NR 18
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 0992-7689
J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY
JI Ann. Geophys.
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 5
BP 1107
EP 1120
DI 10.5194/angeo-28-1107-2010
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 603CF
UT WOS:000278184800006
ER
PT J
AU Corach, D
Lao, O
Bobillo, C
van Der Gaag, K
Zuniga, S
Vermeulen, M
van Duijn, K
Goedbloed, M
Vallone, PM
Parson, W
de Knijff, P
Kayser, M
AF Corach, Daniel
Lao, Oscar
Bobillo, Cecilia
van Der Gaag, Kristiaan
Zuniga, Sofia
Vermeulen, Mark
van Duijn, Kate
Goedbloed, Miriam
Vallone, Peter M.
Parson, Walther
de Knijff, Peter
Kayser, Manfred
TI Inferring Continental Ancestry of Argentineans from Autosomal,
Y-Chromosomal and Mitochondrial DNA
SO ANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Argentina; genetic ancestry; autosomal SNPs; Y-SNPs; mtDNA
ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; CONTROL-REGION SEQUENCES;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC ATTRIBUTES; FORENSIC CASEWORK; MTDNA;
MARKERS; EVOLUTIONARY; PROVINCES; STRS
AB P>We investigated the bio-geographic ancestry of Argentineans, and quantified their genetic admixture, analyzing 246 unrelated male individuals from eight provinces of three Argentinean regions using ancestry-sensitive DNA markers (ASDM) from autosomal, Y and mitochondrial chromosomes. Our results demonstrate that European, Native American and African ancestry components were detectable in the contemporary Argentineans, the amounts depending on the genetic system applied, exhibiting large inter-individual heterogeneity. Argentineans carried a large fraction of European genetic heritage in their Y-chromosomal (94.1%) and autosomal (78.5%) DNA, but their mitochondrial gene pool is mostly of Native American ancestry (53.7%); instead, African heritage was small in all three genetic systems (< 4%). Population substructure in Argentina considering the eight sampled provinces was very small based on autosomal (0.92% of total variation was between provincial groups, p = 0.005) and mtDNA (1.77%, p = 0.005) data (none with NRY data), and all three genetic systems revealed no substructure when clustering the provinces into the three geographic regions to which they belong. The complex genetic ancestry picture detected in Argentineans underscores the need to apply ASDM from all three genetic systems to infer geographic origins and genetic admixture. This applies to all worldwide areas where people with different continental ancestry live geographically close together.
C1 [Corach, Daniel; Bobillo, Cecilia] Univ Buenos Aires, Serv Huellas Digitales Genet, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Corach, Daniel; Bobillo, Cecilia] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Pharm & Biochem, Catedra Genet & Biol Mol, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Lao, Oscar; Vermeulen, Mark; van Duijn, Kate; Goedbloed, Miriam; Kayser, Manfred] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Forens Mol Biol, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
[van Der Gaag, Kristiaan; Zuniga, Sofia; de Knijff, Peter] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Human & Clin Genet, Leiden, Netherlands.
[Vallone, Peter M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Parson, Walther] Innsbruck Med Univ, Inst Legal Med, Innsbruck, Austria.
RP Corach, D (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Serv Huellas Digitales Genet, Junin 956, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
EM dcorach@ffyb.uba.ar
OI Lao, Oscar/0000-0002-8525-9649; Corach, Daniel/0000-0002-0662-7424
FU National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) [PIP 6114, UBACyT
B-035]; Austrian Science Fund [TR397]; Netherlands Forensic Institute;
Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI) / Netherlands Organization for
Scientific Research (NWO); Buenos Aires University
FX We thank the HGDP-CEPH donors for their contribution to this panel, and
Howard Cann for providing DNAs. Our work was supported, in part, by the
National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) PIP 6114 Res. 438/05
and UBACyT B-035 grants to DC, by the FWF Austrian Science Fund (TR397)
to WP, by funds from the Netherlands Forensic Institute to MK, and
received additional support by a grant from the Netherlands Genomics
Initiative (NGI) / Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
(NWO) within the framework of the Forensic Genomics Consortium
Netherlands (FGCN) to PdK and MK. DC is members of the Carrera del
Investigador Cientifico y Tecnologico (CONICET) and MCB is a doctoral
fellowship of Buenos Aires University.
NR 57
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 89
U2 160
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0003-4800
J9 ANN HUM GENET
JI Ann. Hum. Genet.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 74
BP 65
EP 76
DI 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00556.x
PG 12
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 533OY
UT WOS:000272835300008
PM 20059473
ER
PT S
AU Adler, F
Thorpe, MJ
Cossel, KC
Ye, J
AF Adler, Florian
Thorpe, Michael J.
Cossel, Kevin C.
Ye, Jun
BE Yeung, ES
Zare, RN
TI Cavity-Enhanced Direct Frequency Comb Spectroscopy: Technology and
Applications
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 3
SE Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE femtosecond enhancement cavity; trace-gas detection; cold-molecule
spectroscopy; ultrasensitive spectroscopy; frequency-domain ultrafast
spectroscopy
ID OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR; TI-SAPPHIRE LASER; RING-DOWN
SPECTROSCOPY; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; POLED STOICHIOMETRIC
LITAO3; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HIGH-SENSITIVITY DETECTION; PHOTONIC
CRYSTAL FIBERS; ENVELOPE PHASE-CONTROL; HUMAN BREATH ANALYSIS
AB Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy combines broad bandwidth, high spectral resolution, and ultrahigh detection sensitivity in one experimental platform based on an optical frequency comb efficiently coupled to a high-finesse cavity. The effective interaction length between light and matter is increased by the cavity, massively enhancing the sensitivity for measurement of optical losses. Individual comb components act as independent detection channels across a broad spectral window, providing rapid parallel processing. In this review we discuss the principles, the technology, and the first applications that demonstrate the enormous potential of this spectroscopic method. In particular, we describe various frequency comb sources, techniques for efficient coupling between comb and cavity, and detection schemes that utilize the technique's high-resolution, wide-bandwidth, and fast data-acquisition capabilities. We discuss a range of applications, including breath analysis for medical diagnosis, trace-impurity detection in specialty gases, and characterization of a supersonic jet of cold molecules.
C1 [Adler, Florian] Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Adler, F (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM fadler@jila.colorado.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011
NR 146
TC 99
Z9 99
U1 3
U2 71
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA
SN 1936-1327
BN 978-0-8243-4403-0
J9 ANNU REV ANAL CHEM
JI Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem.
PY 2010
VL 3
BP 175
EP 205
DI 10.1146/annurev-anchem-060908-155248
PG 31
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA BQB83
UT WOS:000280599500009
PM 20636039
ER
PT J
AU Deser, C
Alexander, MA
Xie, SP
Phillips, AS
AF Deser, Clara
Alexander, Michael A.
Xie, Shang-Ping
Phillips, Adam S.
TI Sea Surface Temperature Variability: Patterns and Mechanisms
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE
SE Annual Review of Marine Science
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE ocean-atmosphere interaction; El Nino; Pacific Decadal Oscillation;
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation; climate variability
ID NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; ATLANTIC MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION; PACIFIC
DECADAL OSCILLATION; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE WINTER; ENSO-LIKE VARIABILITY;
EL-NINO; INDIAN-OCEAN; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; TROPICAL ATLANTIC;
THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION
AB Patterns of sea surface temperature (SST) variability on interannual and longer timescales result from a combination of atmospheric and oceanic processes. These SST anomaly patterns may be due to intrinsic modes of atmospheric circulation variability that imprint themselves upon the SST field mainly via Surface energy fluxes. Examples include SST fluctuations in the Southern Ocean associated with the Southern Annular Mode, a tripolar pattern of SST anomalies in the North Atlantic associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, and a pan-Pacific mode known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (with additional contributions from oceanic processes). They may also result from coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions, such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation phenomenon in the tropical Indo-Pacific, the tropical Atlantic Nino, and the cross-equatorial meridional modes ill the tropical Pacific and Atlantic. Finally, patterns of SST variability may arise from intrinsic oceanic modes, notably the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.
C1 [Deser, Clara; Phillips, Adam S.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate Anal Sect, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Alexander, Michael A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Assoc, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Xie, Shang-Ping] Univ Hawaii, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Deser, C (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate Anal Sect, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM cdeser@ucar.edu; Michael.Alexander@noaa.edu; xie@hawaii.edu;
asphilli@ucar.edu
RI Alexander, Michael/A-7097-2013; Xie, Shang-Ping/C-1254-2009
OI Alexander, Michael/0000-0001-9646-6427; Xie,
Shang-Ping/0000-0002-3676-1325
FU NOAA; National Science Foundation
FX Support from the NOAA Climate Program Office's Climate Variability and
Predictability Program is gratefully acknowledged. The National Center
for Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science
Foundation.
NR 112
TC 189
Z9 195
U1 12
U2 89
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 1941-1405
EI 1941-0611
J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI
JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.
PY 2010
VL 2
BP 115
EP 143
DI 10.1146/annurev-marine-120408-151453
PG 29
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 548SA
UT WOS:000273985300005
PM 21141660
ER
PT J
AU Sabine, CL
Tanhua, T
AF Sabine, Christopher L.
Tanhua, Toste
TI Estimation of Anthropogenic CO2 Inventories in the Ocean
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE
SE Annual Review of Marine Science
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE decadal change; ocean biogeochemistry; climate change; carbon cycle
ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUBPOLAR NORTH-ATLANTIC; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
INDIAN-OCEAN; CARBON MEASUREMENTS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; SEA; INCREASE; WATER;
ACIDIFICATION
AB A significant impetus for recent ocean biogeochemical research has been to better understand the ocean's role as a sink for anthropogenic CO2. In the 1990s the global carbon survey of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) and the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) inspired the development of several approaches for estimating anthropogenic carbon inventories in the ocean interior. Most approaches agree that the total global ocean inventory of C-ant was around 120 Pg C in the mid-1990s. Today, the ocean carbon uptake rate estimates suggest that the ocean is not keeping pace with the CO2 emissions growth rate. Repeat occupations of the WOCE/JGOFS survey lines consistently show increases in carbon inventories over the last decade, but have not yet been synthesized enough to verify a slowdown in die carbon storage rate. There are many uncertainties in the future ocean carbon storage. Continued observations are necessary to monitor changes and understand mechanisms controlling ocean carbon uptake and storage in the future.
C1 [Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Tanhua, Toste] Leibniz Inst Meereswissensch, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
RP Sabine, CL (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM chris.sabine@noaa.gov; ttanhua@ifm-geomar.de
FU EU [511176-2]; NOAA's
FX T Tanhua received funding from the EU project CarboOcean (Project
511176-2). The authors acknowledge A. Olsen, J. Patsch, and R. Sonnerup
for providing column inventory change data and suggestions for the text.
C. Sabine acknowledges the NOAA's Climate Program Office for support for
this work. This is PMEL contribution number 3323.
NR 100
TC 84
Z9 88
U1 8
U2 87
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 1941-1405
EI 1941-0611
J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI
JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.
PY 2010
VL 2
BP 175
EP 198
DI 10.1146/annurev-marine-120308-080947
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 548SA
UT WOS:000273985300007
PM 21141662
ER
PT S
AU Lawn, BR
Lee, JJW
Chai, H
AF Lawn, Brian R.
Lee, James J. -W.
Chai, Herzl
BE Clarke, DR
Ruhle, M
Zok, F
TI Teeth: Among Nature's Most Durable Biocomposites
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS RESEARCH, VOL 40
SE Annual Review of Materials Research
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE dentistry; biological evolution; enamel; dental crowns; fracture; tooth
mechanics
ID LAYER STRUCTURES; HUMAN ENAMEL; DENTAL ENAMEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
BRITTLE MATERIALS; MATERIALS DESIGN; CONTACT DAMAGE; CYCLIC CONTACT;
FRACTURE MODES; FAILURE
AB This paper addresses the durability of natural teeth from a materials perspective. Teeth are depicted as smart biocomposites, highly resistant to cumulative deformation and fracture. Favorable morphological features of teeth at both macroscopic and microscopic levels contribute to an innate damage tolerance. Damage modes are activated readily within the brittle enamel coat but are contained from spreading catastrophically into the vulnerable tooth interior in sustained occlusal loading. Although tooth enamel contains a multitude of microstructural defects that can act as sources of fracture, substantial overloads are required to drive any developing cracks to ultimate failure nature's strategy is to contain damage rather than avoid it. Tests on model glass-shell systems simulating the basic elements of the tooth enamel/dentin layer structure help to identify important damage modes. Fracture and deformation mechanics provide a basis for analyzing critical conditions for each mode, in terms of characteristic tooth dimensions and materials properties. Comparative tests on extracted human and animal teeth confirm the validity of the model test approach and point to new research directions. Implications in biomechanics, especially as they relate to dentistry and anthropology, are outlined.
C1 [Lawn, Brian R.; Lee, James J. -W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chai, Herzl] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Mech Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
RP Lawn, BR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brianlawn@gmail.com; james.lee@nist.gov; herzl@eng.tau.ac.il
NR 79
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 35
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA
SN 1531-7331
BN 978-0-8243-1740-9
J9 ANNU REV MATER RES
JI Ann. Rev. Mater. Res.
PY 2010
VL 40
BP 55
EP 75
DI 10.1146/annurev-matsci-070909-104537
PG 21
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA BQE94
UT WOS:000280818700003
ER
PT S
AU Jacox, ME
AF Jacox, Marilyn E.
BE Leone, SR
Cremer, PS
Groves, JT
Johnson, MA
Richmond, G
TI On Walking in the Footprints of Giants
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 61
SE Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE cage recombination; electronic spectrum; free radicals; infrared
spectrum; matrix isolation; molecular ions
ID INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC EVIDENCE; POLYATOMIC TRANSIENT MOLECULES;
ELECTRONIC-ENERGY LEVELS; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOLYSIS; INERT SOLID
MATRICES; DIODE-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; FREE RADICAL NCN; 4.2 DEGREES K;
VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; ARGON MATRIX
AB This article tells of a lifelong fascination with light, a messenger bearing information from realms ranging from the galactic to the submicroscopic. Personal interactions have shaped and informed this life journey. Accounts of some of the most important of these are related. Infrared and electronic spectra have been obtained, often for the first time, for many small free radicals and molecular ions short-lived reaction intermediates in most chemical processes. The infrared spectrum of a molecule tells how its atoms vibrate with respect to one another and is as characteristic of the molecule as a fingerprint is of a person. Analysis of this spectrum provides sometimes surprising information about the structure and chemical bonding of the molecule in its lowest-energy electronic state. The electronic spectrum provides information on the molecule in more highly excited electronic states, in which its structure or reaction pattern may change or it may decompose.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jacox, ME (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jacoxm@nist.gov
NR 96
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 12
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA
SN 0066-426X
BN 978-0-8243-1061-5
J9 ANNU REV PHYS CHEM
JI Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.
PY 2010
VL 61
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1146/annurev.physchem.012809.103439
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA BOX60
UT WOS:000277960500001
PM 20055674
ER
PT J
AU Tomberlin, D
Holloway, G
AF Tomberlin, David
Holloway, Garth
TI Bayesian hierarchical estimationof technical efficiency in a fishery
SO APPLIED ECONOMICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB This article presents a Bayesian hierarchical approach to estimating stochastic production frontiers in fisheries. Based on our application of this approach to the US West Coast hake fishery, we conclude that (1) panel models with hierarchical structure to allow for boat- and year-specific efficiency measures are preferable to simpler specifications, and (2) there appears to have been a progressive outward shift in the efficient frontier in the shore-based hake fishery during 1987-2003.
C1 [Tomberlin, David] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Holloway, Garth] Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England.
RP Tomberlin, D (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM david.tomberlin@noaa.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 1350-4851
J9 APPL ECON LETT
JI Appl. Econ. Lett.
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 2
BP 201
EP 204
AR PII 793016176
DI 10.1080/13504850701720056
PG 4
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 525KR
UT WOS:000272215300019
ER
PT J
AU Vayshenker, I
Yang, S
Amemiya, K
Mukai, S
Zama, T
AF Vayshenker, I.
Yang, S.
Amemiya, K.
Mukai, S.
Zama, T.
TI Optical high-power nonlinearity comparison between the National
Institute of Standards and Technology and the National Metrology
Institute of Japan at 1480 nm
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID METERS
AB We compare the results of measurements of the nonlinearity of high-power optical fiber powermeters (OFPMs) by two national metrology institutes (NMIs): the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST-USA) and the National Metrology Institute of Japan/National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST-Japan) at a wavelength of 1480nm. The nonlinearity and range discontinuity of a commercial OFPM were measured from 1 mW to 500 mW by use of a superposition method (both laboratories) and from 1 mW to 250 mW by use of a comparison method (NMIJ only). Measurement results showed largest differences of less than 1.6 parts in 10(3), which is within the combined expanded (k = 2) uncertainty for both laboratories. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
C1 [Vayshenker, I.; Yang, S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Amemiya, K.; Mukai, S.; Zama, T.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058563, Japan.
RP Vayshenker, I (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM igor@boulder.nist.gov
RI Vayshenker, Igor/H-9793-2013;
OI Vayshenker, Igor/0000-0002-7098-3781; Amemiya,
Kuniaki/0000-0002-8748-3062
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JAN 1
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 1
BP 32
EP 36
DI 10.1364/AO.49.000032
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 538QQ
UT WOS:000273199500005
PM 20062487
ER
PT J
AU Slifka, AJ
Singh, G
Lauria, DS
Rice, P
Mahajan, RL
AF Slifka, Andrew J.
Singh, Gurpreet
Lauria, Damian S.
Rice, Paul
Mahajan, Roop L.
TI Observations of Nanobubble Formation on Carbon Nanotubes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY
AB We used an optical trap and a high-speed camera to image water bubble initiation on the surfaces of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The laser wavelength was 1064nm and the average power was 100mW. This is the first demonstration of bubble formation on individual nanotubes. Most, but not all, nanotubes exhibited bubble formation. Bubbles both grew from and collapsed down to submicrometer size. Bubbles grew at the point where the laser heated a given nanotube. Transmission electron microscopy showed presence of amorphous coating and other structural defects on nanotube surface, which are most likely to act as bubble nucleation sites. No separation of the bubble from the nanotube surface was observed. (C) 2010 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
C1 [Singh, Gurpreet] Kansas State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Slifka, Andrew J.; Lauria, Damian S.] NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Rice, Paul] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mahajan, Roop L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Inst Crit Technol & Appl Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Singh, G (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM gurpreet@ksu.edu
RI Singh, Gurpreet/J-9083-2012
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 13
PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS
PI TOKYO
PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO,
102-0073, JAPAN
SN 1882-0778
J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS
JI Appl. Phys. Express
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 6
AR 065103
DI 10.1143/APEX.3.065103
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 613ES
UT WOS:000278961400027
ER
PT J
AU Massillon-JL, G
Minniti, R
Soares, CG
Maryanski, MJ
Robertson, S
AF Massillon-JL, G.
Minniti, R.
Soares, C. G.
Maryanski, M. J.
Robertson, S.
TI Characteristics of a new polymer gel for high-dose gradient dosimetry
using a micro optical CT scanner
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionization density; Polymer gel; BANG gel dosimetry; Optical CT scanner;
Small radiation field; (60)Co gamma rays; Beta particles
ID DISTRIBUTIONS
AB The properties of a new polymer gel with two sensitivities, made specifically for high-dose-gradient dosimetry, were investigated. The measurements were performed at NIST using a 1 cm X 1 cm calibrated (60)Co field, and a 1 cm active diameter (90)Sr/(90)Y beta particle source. A high-resolution laser CT scanner was used to quantify the response. The results show that the high-sensitivity gel responds linearly to the absorbed dose for doses from 0.5 up to 15 Gy, while the low-sensitivity one is linear up to 225 Gy. For both radiation types, the gel response remains stable in time up to a month after the irradiation. The response of the gel was found to have no dose rate dependence for dose rates ranging from 3.7 to 15 mGy/s. Within the measurement uncertainty, the gel response is more sensitive for beta particles than high energy photons. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Massillon-JL, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico.
[Massillon-JL, G.; Minniti, R.; Soares, C. G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maryanski, M. J.] MGS Res Inc, Madison, CT 06443 USA.
[Robertson, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Massillon-JL, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, AP 20-364, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico.
EM massillon@fisica.unam.mx
RI Massillon-JL, Guerda/E-9052-2013
FU National Science Foundation [0453430]
FX The authors thank Marc Desrosiers for assistance during the preparation
and measurement of the density of the gel and Stephen M Seltzer for
inspiring discussions regarding the calibration of the small radiation
60Co field. Also acknowledged are Jim Puhl and David Eardley
for their technical support.; Scott Robertson performed this work as a
SURF student from the University of Maryland, College Park, supported by
the National Science Foundation under Grant no. 0453430. Any opinions,
findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
NR 17
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 1
BP 144
EP 154
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.08.016
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 580BQ
UT WOS:000276422300026
PM 19775899
ER
PT J
AU Venerus, DC
Buongiorno, J
Christianson, R
Townsend, J
Bang, IC
Chen, G
Chung, SJ
Chyu, M
Chen, HS
Ding, YL
Dubois, F
Dzido, G
Funfschilling, D
Galand, Q
Gao, JW
Hong, HP
Horton, M
Hu, LW
Iorio, CS
Jarzebski, AB
Jiang, YR
Kabelac, S
Kedzierski, MA
Kim, C
Kim, JH
Kim, S
McKrell, T
Ni, R
Philip, J
Prabhat, N
Song, PX
Van Vaerenbergh, S
Wen, DS
Witharana, S
Zhao, XZ
Zhou, SQ
AF Venerus, David C.
Buongiorno, Jacopo
Christianson, Rebecca
Townsend, Jessica
Bang, In Cheol
Chen, Gang
Chung, Sung Jae
Chyu, Minking
Chen, Haisheng
Ding, Yulong
Dubois, Frank
Dzido, Grzegorz
Funfschilling, Denis
Galand, Quentin
Gao, Jinwei
Hong, Haiping
Horton, Mark
Hu, Lin-wen
Iorio, Carlo S.
Jarzebski, Andrzej B.
Jiang, Yiran
Kabelac, Stephan
Kedzierski, Mark A.
Kim, Chongyoup
Kim, Ji-Hyun
Kim, Sukwon
McKrell, Thomas
Ni, Rui
Philip, John
Prabhat, Naveen
Song, Pengxiang
Van Vaerenbergh, Stefan
Wen, Dongsheng
Witharana, Sanjeeva
Zhao, Xiao-Zheng
Zhou, Sheng-Qi
TI VISCOSITY MEASUREMENTS ON COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS (NANOFLUIDS) FOR HEAT
TRANSFER APPLICATIONS
SO APPLIED RHEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE nanofluids; colloidal dispersion; viscosity; thermal conductivity
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY
AB This article reports viscosity data on a series of colloidal dispersions collected as part of the International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise (INPBE). Data are reported for seven different fluids that include dispersions of metal-oxide nanoparticles in water, and in synthetic oil. These fluids, which are also referred to as 'nanofluids,' are currently being researched for their potential to function as heat transfer fluids. In a recently published paper from the INPBE study, thermal conductivity data from more than 30 laboratories around the world were reported and analyzed. Here, we examine the influence of particle shape and concentration on the viscosity of these same nanofluids and compare data to predictions from classical theories on suspension rheology.
C1 [Venerus, David C.; Jiang, Yiran] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Buongiorno, Jacopo; Chen, Gang; Gao, Jinwei; Hu, Lin-wen; McKrell, Thomas; Prabhat, Naveen] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Christianson, Rebecca; Townsend, Jessica] Olin Coll Engn, Needham, MA 02492 USA.
[Bang, In Cheol; Kim, Ji-Hyun] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Energy Engn, Ulsan Metropolitan City, South Korea.
[Bang, In Cheol] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
[Chen, Haisheng; Ding, Yulong; Witharana, Sanjeeva] Univ Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Dubois, Frank; Galand, Quentin; Iorio, Carlo S.; Van Vaerenbergh, Stefan] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Dzido, Grzegorz; Jarzebski, Andrzej B.] Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Proc Engn, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.
[Funfschilling, Denis; Ni, Rui; Zhao, Xiao-Zheng; Zhou, Sheng-Qi] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Ctr Sci, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Haiping; Horton, Mark] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA.
[Kabelac, Stephan] Univ Hamburg, Inst Thermodynam, D-22039 Hamburg, Germany.
[Kedzierski, Mark A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, Chongyoup; Kim, Sukwon] Korea Univ, Seoul 136713, South Korea.
[Philip, John] Indira Gandhi Ctr Atom Res, SMARTS, NDED, Met & Mat Grp, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Song, Pengxiang; Wen, Dongsheng] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, London E1 4NS, England.
[Chung, Sung Jae; Chyu, Minking] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
RP Venerus, DC (reprint author), IIT, 10 W 33rd St, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
EM venerus@iit.edu
RI Van Vaerenbergh, Stefan/J-8655-2013; Chen, Haisheng/B-3349-2009; Song,
Pengxiang/B-3485-2011; witharana, sanjeeva/A-1068-2012; Bang, In
Cheol/F-5703-2010; Kim, Ji Hyun/F-5704-2010; Ni, Rui/E-5430-2012; Gao,
Jinwei/D-4824-2009; Wen, Dongsheng/A-5307-2010; Chen, Gang/J-1325-2014;
Gao, Jinwei/J-5732-2014; Kim, Chongyoup/I-8576-2015; philip,
john/F-2602-2013; Dzido, Grzegorz/J-5372-2016
OI Van Vaerenbergh, Stefan/0000-0002-6614-0458; witharana,
sanjeeva/0000-0001-9230-1537; Kim, Ji Hyun/0000-0002-3984-0686; Gao,
Jinwei/0000-0002-4545-1126; Wen, Dongsheng/0000-0003-3492-7982; Chen,
Gang/0000-0002-3968-8530; Gao, Jinwei/0000-0002-4545-1126; Kim,
Chongyoup/0000-0002-3936-0893; philip, john/0000-0001-6293-8131; Dzido,
Grzegorz/0000-0002-0732-6607
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0812804]
FX This work was made possible by the support of the National Science
Foundation under grant CBET-0812804. The authors are also grateful to
Sasol and W. R. Grace & Co. for donating some of the samples used in
INPBE.
NR 17
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 4
U2 36
PU KERSCHENSTEINER VERLAG GMBH
PI LAPPERSDORF
PA MORIKESTR 4, LAPPERSDORF, 93138, GERMANY
SN 1430-6395
J9 APPL RHEOL
JI Appl. Rheol.
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 4
AR 44582
DI 10.3933/ApplRheol-20-44582
PG 7
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 662KG
UT WOS:000282805600008
ER
PT B
AU Lemmon, EW
Span, R
AF Lemmon, Eric W.
Span, Roland
BE Goodwin, ARH
Sengers, JV
Peters, CJ
TI Multi-parameter Equations of State for Pure Fluids and Mixtures
SO APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FORMULATION; SHORT FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; OF-STATE; MELTING LINE; TEMPERATURE-RANGE;
TECHNICAL APPLICATIONS; EMPIRICAL EQUATIONS; FUNCTIONAL FORMS; NONPOLAR
FLUIDS
C1 [Lemmon, Eric W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Span, Roland] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Thermodynam, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP Lemmon, EW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
OI Span, Roland/0000-0002-8350-8285
NR 91
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84755-806-0
PY 2010
BP 394
EP 432
DI 10.1039/9781849730983-00394
D2 10.1039/9781849730983
PG 39
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA BSW50
UT WOS:000285958000012
ER
PT J
AU Warden, ML
AF Warden, Melissa L.
TI Bycatch of wintering common and red-throated loons in gillnets off the
USA Atlantic coast, 1996-2007
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bycatch mitigation; Commercial fishing; Seabird-fishery interaction;
Gillnet; Atlantic; Red-throated loon; Common loon
ID SEABIRD BYCATCH; UNITED-STATES; URIA-AALGE; FISHERIES; POPULATIONS;
MORTALITY; MIGRATION; TRENDS; BIRDS; AREA
AB Common loons Gavia immer and red-throated loons G. stellata winter along the USA Atlantic coast, where fisheries observers have documented interactions with commercial fishing operations, largely coastal gillnets. The red-throated loon is a conservation priority for the US Fish and Wildlife Service, so interest lies in gauging fisheries bycatch relative to population levels. Gillnet fisheries observer data from 1996 to 2007 were used in developing generalized linear models to predict common and red-throated loon bycatch rates and investigate gear characteristics associated with high bycatch rates. The predicted bycatch rates were applied to commercial gillnet effort data to estimate total bycatch during this time period. Bycatch was then compared to a potential biological removal (PBR) measure that was calculated from limited demographic parameters. Factors most commonly associated with the bycatch rates were bottom depth and sea surface temperature. Common loon bycatch rates were higher for strings without spacing between nets versus strings with spacing, and for strings that fished >= 24 h versus strings that fished <24 h. Average annual bycatch was 74 (95% CI: 29-189) common loons in the Northeast, and 477 (370-615) common loons and 897 (620-1297) red-throated loons in the Mid-Atlantic. The average red-throated loon bycatch reached about 60% of the PBR measure. This estimated level of bycatch emphasizes that the red-throated loon is a conservation priority, especially considering the unknown level of bycatch in non-oceanic coastal gillnet fisheries and uncertain demographic parameters.
C1 [Warden, Melissa L.] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Warden, ML (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM melissa.warden@noaa.gov
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 12
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 2
BP 167
EP 180
DI 10.3354/ab00273
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 673QA
UT WOS:000283676800007
ER
PT J
AU Hammerschlag, N
Ovando, D
Serafy, JE
AF Hammerschlag, Neil
Ovando, Dan
Serafy, Joseph E.
TI Seasonal diet and feeding habits of juvenile fishes foraging along a
subtropical marine ecotone
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diet; Niche breadth; Resource use; Habitat use; Snapper; Grunt;
Barracuda; Food availability; Feeding intensity; Individual
specialization
ID MANGROVE-SEAGRASS ECOTONE; INDIVIDUAL SPECIALIZATION; NICHE WIDTH; REEF
FISH; CARIBBEAN BAY; FOOD-HABITS; SHIFTS; PREDATION; FLORIDA;
ASSEMBLAGES
AB Few studies have examined seasonal diet variation and trophic relationships among fishes in shallow subtropical waters. We sampled consecutive wet and dry seasons within Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA, to examine seasonal diet and feeding habit variation in juvenile gray snapper Lutjanus griseus (GS), bluestriped grunt Haemulon sciurus (BSG), seabream Archosargus rhomboidalis (SB) and great barracuda Sphyraena barracuda (GB). We found significantly lower feeding intensity during the dry season compared to the wet, which is likely related to lower water temperatures during the former season. GS fed on a variety of fishes and crustaceans, while BSG fed primarily on caridean shrimps. SB fed on vegetation and GB was piscivorous. Seasonal shifts in major food resources generally did not correspond with changes in relative abundance of food supply. Seasonal population niche breadth differences were evident for GS, GB and BSG, but for SB niche breadth was similar between seasons. Based on seasonal food supply, population niche breadth values did not match basic foraging theory predictions, which state that niche breadth should expand as preferred food items become scarce. In GS, BSG and GB, individuals fed on a narrow subset of prey consumed by the population, revealing the existence of individual specialization. For these species, seasonal expansion in population niche breadth did not correspond to increased individual specialization, but rather via increased within-individual variation in resource use. Given the seasonal differences in feeding habits, it is important to incorporate seasonal variation when modeling trophodynamics of shallow subtropical systems or characterizing them as essential fish habitats.
C1 [Hammerschlag, Neil; Ovando, Dan; Serafy, Joseph E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Hammerschlag, Neil] Univ Miami, Leonard & Jayne Abess Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Policy, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Serafy, Joseph E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Hammerschlag, N (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM nhammerschlag@rsmas.miami.edu
FU Herbert W. Hoover Foundation; Batchelor Foundation; NOAA Living Marine
Resource Cooperative Science Center; National Park Service (Biscayne
National Park, BNP); SeaStar Foundation; Save The Blue; YSI Inc.;
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science; University of Miami
FX Funding support was primarily provided by the Herbert W. Hoover
Foundation, the Batchelor Foundation, NOAA Living Marine Resource
Cooperative Science Center, National Park Service (Biscayne National
Park, BNP), the SeaStar Foundation, Save The Blue, YSI Inc., the
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science and the University
of Miami's South Florida Student Shark Program (SFSSP), now the RJ
Dunlap Marine Conservation Program. As part of the educational component
of this project, several hundreds of high school and undergraduate
students were involved in field data collection, laboratory processing
and data organization. We are indebted to the technical support of all
program participants, primarily E. Overstreet, L. Winn, D. Washington,
A. Disilvestro, A. Matulik, A. Morgan, J. Ross, C. Antal, X. Serrano, K.
Titley and the students of Palmer Trinity High School, South Broward
High School, MAST Academy and the University of Miami. Special thanks to
M. Heithaus, D. Lirman, L. Brand, T. Kellison, G. Thomas, D. Die, C.
Layman, M. Araujo, B. Teare, C. M. Hammerschlag, H. Luria, S. Spielman,
T. Jackson, L. Hoover and R. Mann. For logistical support, thanks to M.
Lewis, E. Alvear, R. Curry and M. Tritt of BNP. Thanks to the anonymous
reviewers whose comments helped strengthen this paper. This work was
conducted under BNP permit no. BISC-2008-SCI-0003.
NR 71
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 20
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 3
BP 279
EP 290
DI 10.3354/ab00251
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 613KI
UT WOS:000278977700008
ER
PT J
AU Baremore, IE
Murie, DJ
Carlson, JK
AF Baremore, Ivy E.
Murie, Debra J.
Carlson, John K.
TI Seasonal and size-related differences in diet of the Atlantic angel
shark Squatina dumeril in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diet; Size-related feeding; Niche breadth; Angel shark; Squatina
dumeril; Elasmobranch
ID COMPARATIVE FEEDING ECOLOGY; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; ONTOGENIC CHANGES;
STOMACH CONTENTS; PREY SELECTION; NORTHERN GULF; DAILY RATION; FISH;
HABITS; CALIFORNICA
AB Atlantic angel sharks Squatina dumeril were collected for stomach contents (n = 437) from November 2002 through April 2005 from a butterfish Peprilus burti bottom trawl fishery in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Teleost fishes, especially Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus, butterfish, and goatfishes (Mullidae), dominated the diet of Atlantic angel sharks and were the most important prey items for sharks of all sizes (305 to 1160 mm total length). Squid (Loligo sp.) were also important prey for all shark sizes, though they became less important with increasing shark size. Crustaceans like mantis shrimp Lysosquilla sp., brown rock shrimp Sicyonia brevirostris, and portunid crabs (Portunidae) were also eaten by angel sharks of all sizes in all seasons sampled. Seasonal differences in diet were detected with niche breadth, which was narrowest in winter and broadest in fall. Niche breadth was also size related and narrowed with increasing shark size. Size of prey was also related to shark size, with sharks mostly consuming prey <30% of their total length and prey with body depths <60% of their gape width.
C1 [Baremore, Ivy E.; Murie, Debra J.] Univ Florida, Program Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Baremore, IE (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 3500 Delwood Beach Rd, Panama City, FL 32908 USA.
EM Ivy.Baremore@noaa.gov
FU Program of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida; NOAA
Fisheries Panama City Laboratory; NOAA Fisheries Service Exempted
Fishing Permit [HMS-EFP-03-01, EFP-04-01, EFP-05-01]
FX We thank D. Parkyn and M. Allen for their suggestions during the
development of the present study and on previous versions of this
manuscript. P. Rabaut, J. Sachs, K. Robinson, L. Hollensead, D. Bethea,
and E. Leonard assisted with the processing of angel sharks and other
samples associated with this study. Raffield's Fisheries provided all of
the samples, and have been very helpful to us over the years. Financial
and logistical support was provided by the Program of Fisheries and
Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, and the NOAA Fisheries Panama
City Laboratory. All Atlantic angel sharks were collected with a NOAA
Fisheries Service Exempted Fishing Permit (HMS-EFP-03-01, EFP-04-01,
EFP-05-01).
NR 51
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 11
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 2
BP 125
EP 136
DI 10.3354/ab00214
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 574SE
UT WOS:000276012500003
ER
PT J
AU Kopf, RK
Drew, K
Humphreys, RL
AF Kopf, R. Keller
Drew, Katherine
Humphreys, Robert L., Jr.
TI Age estimation of billfishes (Kajikia spp.) using fin spine
cross-sections: the need for an international code of practice
SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Age determination; Sclerochronology; Growth; Population dynamics;
Marlin; Tuna longline fisheries
ID PACIFIC BLUE MARLIN; ISTIOPHORUS-PLATYPTERUS; XIPHIAS-GLADIUS;
TETRAPTURUS-AUDAX; MAKAIRA-NIGRICANS; STRIPED MARLIN; DORSAL SPINES;
GROWTH; ATLANTIC; VALIDATION
AB Fin spine ageing is the most common technique used to estimate age and growth parameters of large pelagic billfishes from the families Istiophoridae and Xiphiidae. The most suitable methods for processing and interpreting these calcified structures for age estimation have not been clearly defined. Methodological differences between unvalidated ageing studies are of particular concern for highly migratory species because multiple researchers in different regions of the world may conduct age estimates on the same species or stock. This review provides a critical overview of the methods used in previous fin spine ageing studies on billfishes and provides recommendations towards the development of a standardized protocol for estimating the age of striped marlin, Kajikia audax and white marlin, Kajikia albida. Three on-going fin spine ageing studies from Australia, Hawaii, and Florida are used to illustrate some of the considerations and difficulties encountered when developing an ageing protocol for highly migratory fish species. Particular areas of concern that may influence age and growth estimates included differences in fin spine selection, sectioning methods, criteria for identifying and measuring annuli, distinguishing false annuli, validation procedures, identification of the first annulus, and methods used to replace annuli lost due to vascularization of the fin spine core.
C1 [Kopf, R. Keller] Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Environm Sci, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia.
[Drew, Katherine] Univ Miami, RSMAS, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Humphreys, Robert L., Jr.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Aiea Hts Res Facil, Aiea, HI 96701 USA.
RP Kopf, RK (reprint author), Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Environm Sci, POB 789, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia.
EM rkopf@csu.edu.au; kdrew@rsmas.miami.edu
NR 55
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 11
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0990-7440
J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR
JI Aquat. Living Resour.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 13
EP 23
DI 10.1051/alr/2009045
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 571QX
UT WOS:000275770700002
ER
PT J
AU Cortes, E
Arocha, F
Beerkircher, L
Carvalho, F
Domingo, A
Heupel, M
Holtzhausen, H
Santos, MN
Ribera, M
Simpfendorfer, C
AF Cortes, Enric
Arocha, Freddy
Beerkircher, Lawrence
Carvalho, Felipe
Domingo, Andres
Heupel, Michelle
Holtzhausen, Hannes
Santos, Miguel N.
Ribera, Marta
Simpfendorfer, Colin
TI Ecological risk assessment of pelagic sharks caught in Atlantic pelagic
longline fisheries
SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecological risk assessment; Leslie matrix; Shark life history;
Vulnerability; Pelagic fisheries
ID POPULATIONS; AUSTRALIA; BYCATCH
AB An ecological risk assessment (ERA; also known as productivity and susceptibility analysis, PSA) was conducted on eleven species of pelagic elasmobranchs (10 sharks and 1 ray) to assess their vulnerability to pelagic longline fisheries in the Atlantic Ocean. This was a level-3 quantitative assessment consisting of a risk analysis to evaluate the biological productivity of these species and a susceptibility analysis to assess their propensity to capture and mortality in pelagic longline fisheries. The risk analysis estimated productivity (intrinsic rate of increase, r) using a stochastic Leslie matrix approach that incorporated uncertainty in age at maturity, lifespan, age-specific natural mortality and fecundity. Susceptibility to the fishery was calculated as the product of four components, which were also calculated quantitatively: availability of the species to the fleet, encounterability of the gear given the species vertical distribution, gear selectivity and post-capture mortality. Information from observer programs by several ICCAT nations was used to derive fleet-specific susceptibility values. Results indicated that most species of pelagic sharks have low productivities and varying levels of susceptibility to pelagic longline gear. A number of species were grouped near the high-risk area of the productivity-susceptibility plot, particularly the silky (Carcharhinus falciformis), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), and bigeye thresher (Alopias superciliosus) sharks. Other species, such as the oceanic whitetip (Carcharhinus longimanus) and longfin mako (Isurus paucus) sharks, are also highly vulnerable. The blue shark (Prionace glauca) has intermediate vulnerability, whereas the smooth hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena), scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini), and porbeagle (Lamna nasus) sharks are less vulnerable, and the pelagic stingray (Pteroplatytrygon violacea) and common thresher (Alopias vulpinus) sharks have the lowest vulnerabilities. As a group, pelagic sharks are particularly vulnerable to pelagic longline fisheries mostly as a result of their limited productivity.
C1 [Cortes, Enric; Ribera, Marta] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City Lab, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
[Arocha, Freddy] Univ Oriente, Inst Oceanog Venezuela, Cumana 6101, Venezuela.
[Beerkircher, Lawrence] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Carvalho, Felipe] Univ Florida, Dept Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Florida Program Shark Res, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Domingo, Andres] DINARA, Area Recursos Pelag, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Simpfendorfer, Colin] James Cook Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Fishing & Fisheries Res Ctr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Santos, Miguel N.] IPIMAR, INRB IP, P-8700305 Olhao, Portugal.
RP Cortes, E (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City Lab, 3500 Delwood Beach Rd, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
EM Enric.Cortes@noaa.gov
RI Santos, Miguel/D-7304-2012; Simpfendorfer, Colin/G-9681-2011; Cortes,
Enric/H-2700-2013
OI Simpfendorfer, Colin/0000-0002-0295-2238;
NR 14
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 6
U2 63
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0990-7440
J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR
JI Aquat. Living Resour.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 25
EP 34
DI 10.1051/alr/2009044
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 571QX
UT WOS:000275770700003
ER
PT J
AU Ingram, GW
Richards, WJ
Lamkin, JT
Muhling, B
AF Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.
Richards, William J.
Lamkin, John T.
Muhling, Barbara
TI Annual indices of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larvae in the
Gulf of Mexico developed using delta-lognormal and multivariate models
SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Mathematical models; Multivariate analysis; Fish larvae; Atlantic Ocean
ID BINOMIAL REGRESSION; ZERO; ABUNDANCE
AB Fishery independent indices of spawning biomass of Atlantic bluefin tuna in western North Atlantic Ocean are presented which utilize National Marine Fisheries Service ichthyoplankton survey data collected from 1977 through 2007 in the Gulf of Mexico. Indices were developed using similarly standardized data from which previous indices were developed (i.e. abundance of larvae with a first daily otolith increment formed per 100 m(2) of water sampled with bongo gear). Indices were also developed for the first time from standardized data collected with neuston gear [i.e. abundance of 5-mm larvae (i. e. seven-day-old larvae) per 10 minute tow]. Indices of larval abundance were developed using delta-lognormal models, including following covariates: time of day, time of month, area sampled and year. Due to the large frequency of zero catches during ichthyoplankton surveys, a zero-inflated delta-lognormal approach was also used to develop indices. Finally, a multivariate delta-lognormal approach was employed to develop indices of annual abundance based on both bongo and neuston catches. The results of these approaches were compared with one another and with other indices of larval abundance previously developed for the Gulf ofMexico. Residual analyses indicated that abundance indices of Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae were more appropriately developed from bongo-collected data through the zero-inflated delta-lognormal approach than other data sets and modeling approaches. Also, when modeling bongo-collected data with the zero-inflated delta-lognormal approach, the index values increased, indicating some correction for zero-inflation, and their variability decreased as compared to indices developed with the delta-lognormal approach.
C1 [Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.] SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Richards, William J.; Lamkin, John T.; Muhling, Barbara] SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Protected Resources & Biodivers Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Ingram, GW (reprint author), SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Mississippi Labs, 3209 Frederic St, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
EM Walter.Ingram@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 6
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0990-7440
J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR
JI Aquat. Living Resour.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 35
EP 47
DI 10.1051/alr/2009053
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 571QX
UT WOS:000275770700004
ER
PT J
AU Jimenez, S
Abreu, M
Pons, M
Ortiz, M
Domingo, A
AF Jimenez, Sebastian
Abreu, Martin
Pons, Maite
Ortiz, Mauricio
Domingo, Andres
TI Assessing the impact of the pelagic longline fishery on albatrosses and
petrels in the southwest Atlantic
SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Seabird bycatch estimation; Albatrosses; Petrels; Pelagic longline;
South Atlantic Ocean
ID WHITE-CHINNED PETRELS; PROCELLARIA-AEQUINOCTIALIS; SEABIRD BYCATCH;
REGRESSION TREES; FALKLAND ISLANDS; BY-CATCH; MORTALITY; CONSERVATION;
POPULATION; GEORGIA
AB The black-browed (Thalassarche melanophrys) and Atlantic yellow-nosed (Thalassarche chlororhynchos) albatrosses and the white-chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis) are the seabird species most frequently captured by pelagic longline fisheries in the southwest Atlantic. This study estimates this type of bycatch and describes the spatial-temporal patterns of the incidental capture of these species by the Uruguayan pelagic longline fleet, based on data collected by scientific observers on 47 fishing trips from 2004 to 2007. Three generalized linear models (GLM) models were employed to predict bycatch for each species based on the observed data. We also developed a spatio-temporal species-specific analysis. Captures were recorded in Uruguayan waters, mainly over the slope and depth waters, and in international waters adjacent to Uruguay, the north of Argentina, and the south of Brazil. The highest catch rates for black-browed albatrosses and white-chinned petrels were recorded on the Uruguayan slope from fall to spring, while the highest values for Atlantic yellow-nosed albatrosses were recorded further to the north, in the international waters off Brazil in late winter. The average estimated number of black-browed and Atlantic yellow-nosed albatrosses and white-chinned petrels caught during the study period was 1683, 257 and 239 birds, respectively. Taking into account the total effort of the fleet, these values represent an estimated catch rate of 0.276, 0.042, and 0.039 birds/1000 hooks for these species, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that the annual impact of this fishery is medium to high on the black-browed albatross, low on the Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross and low on the white-chinned petrel. However, the situation of these species in the southwest Atlantic should be viewed with considerable concern, as our understanding of the impact of the bycatch on their populations requires more research. Any effort to reduce seabird mortality in the southern hemisphere should target this geographic region.
C1 [Jimenez, Sebastian; Abreu, Martin; Domingo, Andres] Proyecto Albatros & Petreles Uruguay, El Pinar, Canelones, Uruguay.
[Jimenez, Sebastian; Abreu, Martin; Pons, Maite; Domingo, Andres] Direcc Nacl Recursos Acuat, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Jimenez, Sebastian; Pons, Maite] Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Secc Ecol, Montevideo 4225, Uruguay.
[Ortiz, Mauricio] SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Domingo, A (reprint author), Proyecto Albatros & Petreles Uruguay, Ave Giannattasio Km 30-500, El Pinar, Canelones, Uruguay.
EM adomingo@dinara.gub.uy
FU Pelagic Resources Department (DINARA); International Association of
Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO); Birds Australia; Birdlife
International
FX The authors would like to thank the boat owners of the Uruguayan fleet
and their crews for their continued cooperation, as well as the PNOFA
observers. We express our gratitude to our colleagues of the Pelagic
Resources Department (DINARA) for their continued support. "Proyecto
Albatros y Petreles-Uruguay" would like to thank the International
Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO), Birds Australia, and
Birdlife International's "Save the Albatross" campaign, for funding the
program " Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels in Uruguay". Special
thanks go to Caren Barcelo for the translation; Stella Weng and L. E.
Fleming for the comments and translation review. We would also like to
express our recognition towards the anonymous referees whose comments
and recommendations helped us to improve this paper.
NR 50
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 12
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0990-7440
EI 1765-2952
J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR
JI Aquat. Living Resour.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 49
EP 64
DI 10.1051/alr/2010002
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 571QX
UT WOS:000275770700005
ER
PT J
AU Pons, M
Domingo, A
Sales, G
Fiedler, FN
Miller, P
Giffoni, B
Ortiz, M
AF Pons, Maite
Domingo, Andres
Sales, Gilberto
Fiedler, Fernando Niemeyer
Miller, Philip
Giffoni, Bruno
Ortiz, Mauricio
TI Standardization of CPUE of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)
caught by pelagic longliners in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea turtle; bycatch; longline; GLM; Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
ID SOUTHERN BRAZIL; SEABIRD BYCATCH; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CATCH; FISHERY;
MARINE; ABUNDANCE; MODELS; RATES; CLASSIFICATION
AB The population abundance estimates used in stock assessments or required to establish management measures, depend on the sampling of the entire demographic spectrum of a population resident in a given area. However, for sea turtles, most population estimates are based mainly on nesting beach survey data and only consider a fraction of the population. The Southwest Atlantic Ocean (SWA) is an important foraging and development area for juveniles of the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta where reproductive stocks from various nesting beaches mix. Declines in C. caretta populations have been observed in many parts of the world and bycatch rates of this species in the SWA are among the highest worldwide. This study standardizes the catch rates of loggerheads caught by pelagic long-line fisheries in the region, using data collected by observer programs from Brazil and Uruguay. Generalized linear models (GLM) with a delta lognormal approximation were used. The variables used in the model take into account spatial and temporal variations as well as the characteristics of the fleet. In total, 6 272 344 hooks were observed between 1998 and 2007, with minimum effort registered in 2000 (12 010 hooks) and maximum effort in 2005 (1 989 431 hooks). During this period 3778 loggerheads were incidentally captured. The catch rates of loggerheads by the Uruguayan and Brazilian pelagic longline fisheries show oscillations through the years without a clear tendency; however, a low negative trend was observed from 1998 to 2005 with an increase in the last two years (2006 and 2007). The capture per unit of effort (CPUE) values varied between 0.38 to 1.78 ind/1000 hooks in 2005 and 2007, respectively. Distinct zones with differential catch rates were identified, with the higher CPUE values over the continental slope of Uruguay and adjacent waters. The incidental catch rates of this species are influenced, not only by fishing area, but also by year, season, sea surface temperature and gear type. In consequence, these variables and other potential ones should be considered in bycatch estimates by different fisheries because the loggerhead sea turtles are not uniformly distributed. This study intends to contribute not only to the general knowledge of loggerhead sea turtles in the SWA but to a future assessment of their populations at a global scale.
C1 [Pons, Maite; Domingo, Andres; Miller, Philip] Direcc Nacl Recursos Acuat, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Pons, Maite; Domingo, Andres; Miller, Philip] Ctr Invest & Conservac Marina, El Pinar, Canelones, Uruguay.
[Sales, Gilberto] ICMCB, Ctr TAMAR, Mata De Sao Joao, Bahia, Brazil.
[Fiedler, Fernando Niemeyer] Fundacao Pro TAMAR, BR-11680000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Giffoni, Bruno] SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ortiz, Mauricio] Fundacao Pro TAMAR, BR-88301700 Itajai, SC, Brazil.
RP Domingo, A (reprint author), Direcc Nacl Recursos Acuat, Constituyente 1497,CP 11200, Montevideo, Uruguay.
EM adomingo@dinara.gub.uy
NR 52
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 12
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0990-7440
J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR
JI Aquat. Living Resour.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 1
BP 65
EP 75
DI 10.1051/alr/2010001
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 571QX
UT WOS:000275770700006
ER
PT J
AU Berman-Kowalewski, M
Gulland, FMD
Wilkin, S
Calambokidis, J
Mate, B
Cordaro, J
Rotstein, D
Leger, JS
Collins, P
Fahy, K
Dover, S
AF Berman-Kowalewski, Michelle
Gulland, Frances M. D.
Wilkin, Sarah
Calambokidis, John
Mate, Bruce
Cordaro, Joe
Rotstein, Dave
Leger, Judy St.
Collins, Paul
Fahy, Krista
Dover, Samuel
TI Association Between Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus) Mortality and
Ship Strikes Along the California Coast
SO AQUATIC MAMMALS
LA English
DT Article
DE blue whale; Balaenoptera musculus; ship strike; trauma; shipping lane;
Sarcocystis
ID EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC; FIN WHALES; COLLISIONS
AB Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) are distributed worldwide, and although severely depleted by commercial whaling, their abundance off the California coast now appears to be increasing. Little is known about natural causes of mortality of blue whales, but human-related mortality continues despite legal protection. Ship strikes are a significant mortality factor for other species of baleen whale, and changes in shipping traffic have been advocated to minimize further deaths. Between 1988 and 2007, 21 blue whale deaths were reported along the California coast, typically one or two cases annually. Three pulses in strandings were observed, with three carcasses observed in fall 1988, three in 2002, and four in fall 2007. Two of the four animals in 2007 were first observed dead in the Santa Barbara Channel and had wounds typical of a ship strike. Blue whale strandings were spatially associated with locations of shipping lanes, especially those associated with the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, and were most common in the fall months.
C1 [Berman-Kowalewski, Michelle; Collins, Paul; Fahy, Krista] Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 USA.
[Gulland, Frances M. D.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
[Wilkin, Sarah; Cordaro, Joe] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Long Beach, CA 90803 USA.
[Calambokidis, John] Cascadia Res, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Mate, Bruce] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Rotstein, Dave] UCAR Smithsonian Museum Osteoprep Lab, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Dover, Samuel] Channel Isl Marine & Wildlife Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93140 USA.
RP Berman-Kowalewski, M (reprint author), Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 USA.
EM mberman@sbnature2.org
FU National Marine Fisheries Service
FX We thank all the California Marine Mammal Stranding Network participants
for assistance in generating the data reported here, the National Marine
Fisheries Service Marine Mammal Unusual Mortality Event Response Fund
for financial assistance, and the numerous volunteers who made full
necropsy examinations in 2007 possible. We also thank Spencer Fire,
National Ocean Service, for his rapid bio-toxin analysis, as well as
volunteer pilot Stephen Parker and National Geographic photographer Flip
Nicklin for reporting specimen SBMNH 2007-19 during their spotting and
aerial photography in support of Oregon State University's satellite
tagging of blue whales.
NR 28
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 9
U2 50
PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS
PI MOLINE
PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD
CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA
SN 0167-5427
J9 AQUAT MAMM
JI Aquat. Mamm.
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 1
BP 59
EP 66
DI 10.1578/AM.36.1.2010.59
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 670SP
UT WOS:000283447900007
ER
PT J
AU Fire, SE
Wang, ZH
Berman, M
Langlois, GW
Morton, SL
Sekula-Wood, E
Benitez-Nelson, CR
AF Fire, Spencer E.
Wang, Zhihong
Berman, Michelle
Langlois, Gregg W.
Morton, Steve L.
Sekula-Wood, Emily
Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.
TI Trophic Transfer of the Harmful Algal Toxin Domoic Acid as a Cause of
Death in a Minke Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) Stranding in
Southern California
SO AQUATIC MAMMALS
LA English
DT Article
DE domoic acid; harmful algal bloom; algal toxin; stranding; marine mammal;
minke whale; Balaenoptera acutorostrata
ID LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA-AUSTRALIS; SEA LIONS;
FOOD WEBS; MARINE MAMMALS; PHYTOPLANKTON; MORTALITY; TOXICITY; VECTOR;
BLOOM
AB Unusually high concentrations of the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) were detected in a minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) carcass recovered during a severe harmful algal bloom (HAB), which occurred in southern California in April 2007. Cell fragments of the toxigenic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis were observed in whale gastric fluid and feces, corresponding to a dominance of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. in the phytoplankton community at the time of stranding. A high abundance of otoliths from a prominent DA vector, the northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), were recovered in whale stomach contents, indicating trophic transfer of DA via the food web. Whale feces contained 258 mu g DA per gram sample, exceeding DA concentrations reported for any marine mammal. DA intoxication was identified as the cause of mortality of this animal, expanding on the limited understanding of the impacts of DA-producing HABs on large whales.
C1 [Fire, Spencer E.; Wang, Zhihong; Morton, Steve L.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Berman, Michelle] Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 USA.
[Langlois, Gregg W.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Sekula-Wood, Emily; Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Sekula-Wood, Emily; Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Fire, SE (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM spencer.fire@noaa.gov
RI Fire, Spencer/P-6040-2014;
OI Fire, Spencer/0000-0002-1657-790X; Benitez-Nelson,
Claudia/0000-0002-1004-5048
FU National Science Foundation [OCE: 0850425]
FX The authors would like to thank Dave Rotstein for assistance with
histopathological analyses. We thank Gina Ylitalo for analysis of
persistent organic pollutants in blubber tissues. We thank the U. S.
Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program for use of level A
stranding data. We thank Jennifer Maucher Fuquay, Greg Doucette, and
Wayne McFee for their assistance in the revision of this manuscript.
This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation,
Chemical Oceanography Program OCE: 0850425.
NR 43
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 33
PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS
PI MOLINE
PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD
CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA
SN 0167-5427
J9 AQUAT MAMM
JI Aquat. Mamm.
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 4
BP 342
EP 350
DI 10.1578/AM.36.4.2010.342
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 699EI
UT WOS:000285646300002
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PB
Sanderson, MP
Nejstgaard, JC
Sazhin, AF
Frischer, ME
Killberg-Thoreson, LM
Verity, PG
Campbell, L
Bronk, DA
AF Bradley, P. B.
Sanderson, M. P.
Nejstgaard, J. C.
Sazhin, A. F.
Frischer, M. E.
Killberg-Thoreson, L. M.
Verity, P. G.
Campbell, L.
Bronk, D. A.
TI Nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton and bacteria during an induced
Phaeocystis pouchetii bloom, measured using size fractionation and flow
cytometric sorting
SO AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrogen uptake; Mesocosm experiments; Phaeocystis; Phytoplankton;
Bacteria; Flow cytometry
ID LONG-TERM CHANGES; NORTH-SEA; ORGANIC NITROGEN; SPRING BLOOM;
MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; INORGANIC NITROGEN; COASTAL
WATERS; NUTRIENT; AMMONIUM
AB Uptake of inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) by phytoplankton and bacteria was investigated during a mesocosm study conducted in Raunefjord, Norway in April 2005. One mesocosm was fertilized with nitrate and phosphate at a ratio of 16:1 and maintained in the light, while one unamended light mesocosm served as a control. Dissolved nutrients, phytoplankton and bacterial biomass, and phytoplankton community composition were monitored throughout the 26 d experiment. Uptake of (15)N-labeled ammonium and nitrate, and dual-labeled ((15)N and (13)C) urea and dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) was measured for phytoplankton and bacteria using 2 methods: size fractionation into 0.2-0.8 and > 0.8 pm size classes, and flow cytometric sorting based on chlorophyll autofluorescence. Prior to fertilization, dissolved inorganic N concentrations were low and comprised similar to 5% of total dissolved N. Added nitrate was completely utilized in the amended mesocosm within 10 d, stimulating a large bloom of colonial Phaeocystis pouchetii. Ammonium contributed over half of total measured N uptake by phytoplankton and bacteria in both enclosures, while nitrate and urea each supplied roughly 10 to 25%. Overall, DFAA were a negligible N source to phytoplankton but contributed 11 % to total bacterial N uptake. Bacterial uptake represented a significant portion of total uptake of all N forms, especially urea and DFAA. Comparison of the 2 methods for measuring phytoplankton versus bacterial uptake demonstrates how the use of 0.8 mu m filters can lead to significant overestimation of phytoplankton N uptake due to the retention of bacterial biomass.
C1 [Nejstgaard, J. C.] Uni Environm, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Nejstgaard, J. C.] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5006 Bergen, Norway.
[Sazhin, A. F.] RAS, PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Frischer, M. E.; Verity, P. G.] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA.
[Campbell, L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Bradley, P. B.; Sanderson, M. P.; Killberg-Thoreson, L. M.; Bronk, D. A.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Bradley, PB (reprint author), NOAA, 1305 EW Hwy N-MB5, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM paul.bradley@noaa.gov
RI Campbell, Lisa/E-6587-2011
OI Campbell, Lisa/0000-0003-2756-2743
FU US Department of Energy [FG02-98ER-62531]; US National Science
Foundation [OPP-00-83381, OCE-08-25999, OCE-05-45312, OCE-07-52490];
Norwegian Research Council [152714/120]; US Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) [FP916328]
FX We dedicate this paper to the legacy of Peter Verity. Peter touched
countless individuals, both personally and professionally, and we
celebrate his contributions to oceanographic research, science
education, and public out-reach. We are grateful to A. Aadnesen, H.
Gjertsen, T. Sorlie, and the rest of the staff at the University of
Bergen's Marine Biological Station, as well as Q. Roberts, J. Brofft, M.
Booth, P. Simonelli, S. Putzeys, and T. Walters for their help in
conducting this study. We also thank M. Hagebo for analyses of fixed
nutrient samples, R. Condon and S. Baer for their assistance with DOC
measurements, and I. Anderson and D. Steinberg for their comments on the
manuscript. This research was supported by the US Department of Energy
Biotechnology Investigations/Ocean Margins Program (FG02-98ER-62531 to
DAB., M.E.F., and P.G.V.), the US National Science Foundation
(OPP-00-83381 to M.E.F. and P.G.V., OCE-08-25999 to M.E.F., OCE-05-45312
to P.G.V., and OCE-07-52490 to DAB.), the Norwegian Research Council
(152714/120 to J.C.N.), and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Science to Achieve Results (STAR) graduate fellowship program (FP916328
to P.B.B.). This publication is not officially endorsed by the US EPA
and may not reflect the views of the agency. This paper is Contribution
No. 3028 from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of
William & Mary.
NR 53
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 29
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0948-3055
J9 AQUAT MICROB ECOL
JI Aquat. Microb. Ecol.
PY 2010
VL 61
IS 1
BP 89
EP 104
DI 10.3354/ame01414
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 667OL
UT WOS:000283203300007
ER
EF