FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Wightman, MG Martin, TA Gonzalez-Benecke, CA Jokela, EJ Cropper, WP Ward, EJ AF Wightman, Maxwell G. Martin, Timothy A. Gonzalez-Benecke, Carlos A. Jokela, Eric J. Cropper, Wendell P., Jr. Ward, Eric J. TI Loblolly Pine Productivity and Water Relations in Response to Throughfall Reduction and Fertilizer Application on a Poorly Drained Site in Northern Florida SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Pinus taeda; throughfall exclusion; nutrient amelioration; transpiration; stomatal conductance; sap flow ID CANOPY STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; RADIATION-USE EFFICIENCY; SAP FLOW MEASUREMENTS; HEAT-PULSE VELOCITY; SLASH PINE; 3-PG MODEL; FOREST; TAEDA; GROWTH AB Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forests are of great ecological and economic value in the southeastern United States, where nutrient availability frequently limits productivity. The impact of fertilizer application on the growth and water relations of loblolly pine has been investigated by numerous studies; however, few field experiments have examined the effects of drought. Drought is of particular interest due to the potential for climate change to alter soil water availability. In this study, we investigated the impact of fertilizer application and a 30% reduction in throughfall on loblolly pine productivity, transpiration, hydraulic conductance, and stomatal conductance. The study was installed in a ten-year-old loblolly pine plantation on a somewhat poorly drained site in northern Florida. Throughfall reduction did not impact tree productivity or water relations of the trees. This lack of response was attributed to abundant rainfall and the ability of trees to access the shallow water table at this site. Fertilizer application increased basal area production by 20% and maximum leaf area index by 0.5 m(2).m(-2), but it did not affect whole-tree hydraulic conductance or the sensitivity of stomatal conductance to vapor pressure deficit. During the spring, when leaf area and vapor pressure deficit were high, the fertilizer-only treatment increased monthly transpiration by 17% when compared to the control. This relationship, however, was not significant during the rest of the year. C1 [Wightman, Maxwell G.; Martin, Timothy A.; Jokela, Eric J.; Cropper, Wendell P., Jr.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wightman, Maxwell G.; Gonzalez-Benecke, Carlos A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ward, Eric J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ward, Eric J.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Wightman, MG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Wightman, MG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM maxwell.wightman@oregonstate.edu; tamartin@ufl.edu; carlos.gonzalez@oregonstate.edu; ejokela@ufl.edu; wcropper@ufl.edu; eric.ward@gmail.com RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010; Ward, Eric/D-7131-2017; OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382; Ward, Eric/0000-0002-5047-5464; Martin, Timothy/0000-0002-7872-4194 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30185] FX This study was a part of the Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP), a Coordinated Agricultural Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Award #2011-68002-30185. We thank A. Noorments, J.C. Domec, S. Gezan, C. Drum, B. Caudill, J. McCafferty, J. Cucinella, G. Lokuta, B. Ruffin, A. Milligan, B. Gottloeb, A. Garcia, P. Subedi, A. Fields, S. Walton, and J. Ireland for field and lab assistance, and Foley Timber and Land Company for providing access to the site. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD OCT PY 2016 VL 7 IS 10 AR 214 DI 10.3390/f7100214 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA ED2JQ UT WOS:000388670800005 ER PT J AU Henke, LE Kashani, R Yang, D Zhao, T Green, OL Wooten, H Rodriguez, VL Olsen, LA Markovina, S Robinson, CG Bradley, JD Michalski, JM Mutic, S Parikh, PJ Olsen, JR AF Henke, L. E. Kashani, R. Yang, D. Zhao, T. Green, O. L. Wooten, H. Rodriguez, V. L. Olsen, L. A. Markovina, S. Robinson, C. G. Bradley, J. D. Michalski, J. M. Mutic, S. Parikh, P. J. Olsen, J. R. TI Adaptive MR-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (AMR-SBRT) for Oligometastatic or Unresectable Primary Abdominal Malignancies: Results of a Prospective Phase I Trial SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Radiation-Oncology CY SEP 25-28, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Radiat Oncol C1 [Henke, L. E.; Kashani, R.; Bradley, J. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, St Louis, MO USA. [Yang, D.; Green, O. L.; Wooten, H.; Rodriguez, V. L.; Olsen, L. A.; Markovina, S.; Michalski, J. M.; Mutic, S.; Parikh, P. J.; Olsen, J. R.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Zhao, T.; Robinson, C. G.] Washington Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, St Louis, MO USA. [Wooten, H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Olsen, L. A.] Mem Hosp UCHlth, Colorado Springs, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 EI 1879-355X J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 96 IS 2 SU S MA 2503 BP E205 EP E206 PG 2 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EB8QL UT WOS:000387655802502 ER PT J AU McKeown, JT Hsiung, LL Park, JM Ryu, HJ Turchi, PEA King, WE AF McKeown, Joseph T. Hsiung, Luke L. Park, Jong M. Ryu, Ho J. Turchi, Patrice E. A. King, Wayne E. TI Size-dependent microstructures in rapidly solidified uranium-niobium powder particles SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Powder processing; Alloys; Rapid solidification; Solidification microstructure ID U-NB; CENTRIFUGAL ATOMIZATION; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; METASTABLE PHASES; METAL DROPLETS; HEAT-FLOW; ALLOYS; SYSTEM; THERMODYNAMICS; INTERFACE AB The microstructures of rapidly solidified U-6wt% Nb powder particles synthesized by centrifugal atomization were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Observed variations in microstructure are related to particle sizes. All of the powder particles exhibited a two-zone microstructure. The formation of this two-zone microstructure is described by a transition from solidification controlled by internal heat flow and high solidification rate during recalescence (micro-segregation-free or partitionless growth) to solidification controlled by external heat flow with slower solidification rates (dendritic growth with solute redistribution). The extent of partitionless solidification increased with decreasing particle size due to larger undercoolings in smaller particles prior to solidification. The metastable phases that formed are related to variations in Nb concentration across the particles. The microstructures of the powders were heavily twinned. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McKeown, Joseph T.; Hsiung, Luke L.; Turchi, Patrice E. A.; King, Wayne E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Park, Jong M.] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Daejeon 305353, South Korea. [Ryu, Ho J.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Daejeon 305701, South Korea. RP McKeown, JT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mckeown3@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at LLNL [13-S1-002]; KAERI FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at LLNL under project tracking code 13-S1-002. The authors at LLNL would like to acknowledge the technical support of Jackson Go, Ed Sedillo, Nick Teslich, and Mark Wall. J.T.M. would like to thank Dr. R.D. Field at the Colorado School of Mines for insights and helpful suggestions through private communication. The authors at KAERI would like to acknowledge the support of Se Jung Jang, Jong Hwan Kim, Hyun Seok Ahn, and Jung Do Kim. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.023 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200001 ER PT J AU Guthrie, M Benmore, CJ Skinner, LB Alderman, OLG Weber, JKR Parise, JB Williamson, M AF Guthrie, M. Benmore, C. J. Skinner, L. B. Alderman, O. L. G. Weber, J. K. R. Parise, J. B. Williamson, M. TI Thermal expansion in UO2 determined by high-energy X-ray diffraction SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID URANIUM-DIOXIDE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; DETECTOR; OXIDES; THO2 AB Here we present crystallographic analyses of high-energy X-ray diffraction data on polycrystalline UO2 up to the melting temperature. The Rietveld refinements of our X-ray data are in agreement with previous measurements, but are systematically located around the upper bound of their uncertainty, indicating a slightly steeper trend of thermal expansion compared to established values. This observation is consistent with recent first principles calculations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Guthrie, M.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, POB 176, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Benmore, C. J.; Skinner, L. B.; Alderman, O. L. G.; Weber, J. K. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Skinner, L. B.; Parise, J. B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Skinner, L. B.; Alderman, O. L. G.; Weber, J. K. R.] Mat Dev Inc, 3090 Daniels Court, Arlington Hts, IL 60004 USA. [Williamson, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Williamson, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Parise, J. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Benmore, CJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM benmore@aps.anl.gov OI Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 FU U.S. DOE, BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Small Business Innovation Research [DE SC0007564]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) [DE-FG02-09ER46650] FX We thank Rick Spence and Dr. Doug Robinson for technical support during the experiments and for useful discussions. Dr. Marius Stan is thanked for useful discussions. The Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, is funded under U.S. DOE, BES, contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Small Business Innovation Research grant DE SC0007564 (X-ray experiment, J.K.R.W., O.L.G.A.) and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) grant DE-FG02-09ER46650 (L.B.S. and J.B.P). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 19 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.042 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200003 ER PT J AU Terrani, KA Pint, BA Kim, YJ Unocic, KA Yang, Y Silva, CM Meyer, HM Rebak, RB AF Terrani, K. A. Pint, B. A. Kim, Y. -J. Unocic, K. A. Yang, Y. Silva, C. M. Meyer, H. M., III Rebak, R. B. TI Uniform corrosion of FeCrAl alloys in LWR coolant environments SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE WATER; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; STAINLESS-STEELS; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; AQUEOUS CORROSION; ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS; OXIDE-FILMS; SYSTEM; MECHANISM; IRRADIATION AB The corrosion behavior of commercial and model FeCrAl alloys and type 310 stainless steel was examined by autoclave tests and compared to Zircaloy-4, the reference cladding materials in light water reactors. The corrosion studies were carried out in three distinct water chemistry environments found in pressurized and boiling water reactor primary coolant loop conditions for up to one year. The structure and morphology of the oxides formed on the surface of these alloys was consistent with thermodynamic predictions. Spinel-type oxides were found to be present after hydrogen water chemistry exposures, while the oxygenated water tests resulted in the formation of very thin and protective hematite-type oxides. Unlike the alloys exposed to oxygenated water tests, the alloys tested in hydrogen water chemistry conditions experienced mass loss as a function of time. This mass loss was the result of net sum of mass gain due to parabolic oxidation and mass loss due to dissolution that also exhibits parabolic kinetics. The maximum thickness loss after one year of LWR water corrosion in the absence of irradiation was similar to 2 mu m, which is inconsequential for a similar to 300-500 mu m thick cladding. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Terrani, K. A.; Pint, B. A.; Unocic, K. A.; Yang, Y.; Silva, C. M.; Meyer, H. M., III] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kim, Y. -J.; Rebak, R. B.] GE Global Res Ctr, Schenectady, NY 12309 USA. RP Terrani, KA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM terranika@ornl.gov RI Yang, Ying/E-5542-2017 OI Yang, Ying/0000-0001-6480-2254 FU Advanced Fuels Campaign of the Fuel Cycle R&D program in the Office of Nuclear Energy, US Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility FX The work presented in this paper was supported by the Advanced Fuels Campaign of the Fuel Cycle R&D program in the Office of Nuclear Energy, US Department of Energy. The microscopy was supported through a user proposal by ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility. The authors would like to thank S.J Pawel and A. Willoughby for assistance in preparing the specimens. K.G. Field and J. McMurray provided useful comments on the manuscript. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 36 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.047 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200005 ER PT J AU Briggs, SA Barr, CM Pakarinen, J Mamivand, M Hattar, K Morgan, DD Taheri, M Sridharan, K AF Briggs, Samuel A. Barr, Christopher M. Pakarinen, Janne Mamivand, Mahmood Hattar, Khalid Morgan, Dane D. Taheri, Mitra Sridharan, Kumar TI Observations of defect structure evolution in proton and Ni ion irradiated Ni-Cr binary alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Radiation damage; Frank loops; Voids; Nickel alloys; Scanning/transmission electron microscopy ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; RADIATION-INDUCED SEGREGATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; NIMONIC PE16; MICROSTRUCTURE; NICKEL; DAMAGE; DEPENDENCE; EMULATION; TERNARIES AB Two binary Ni-Cr model alloys with 5 wt% Cr and 18 wt% Cr were irradiated using 2 MeV protons at 400 and 500 degrees C and 20 MeV Ni4+ ions at 500 degrees C to investigate microstructural evolution as a function of composition, irradiation temperature, and irradiating ion species. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was applied to study irradiation-induced void and faulted Frank loops microstructures. Irradiations at 500 degrees C were shown to generate decreased densities of larger defects, likely due to increased barriers to defect nucleation as compared to 400 degrees C irradiations. Heavy ion irradiation resulted in a larger density of smaller voids when compared to proton irradiations, indicating in-cascade clustering of point defects. Cluster dynamics simulations were in good agreement with the experimental findings, suggesting that increases in Cr content lead to an increase in interstitial binding energy, leading to higher densities of smaller dislocation loops in the Ni-18Cr alloy as compared to the Ni-5Cr alloy. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Briggs, Samuel A.; Pakarinen, Janne; Mamivand, Mahmood; Morgan, Dane D.; Sridharan, Kumar] Univ Wisconsin, 1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Barr, Christopher M.; Taheri, Mitra] Drexel Univ, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Pakarinen, Janne] SKC CEN Belgian Nucl Res Ctr, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Hattar, Khalid] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Briggs, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM sabriggs2@wisc.edu OI Briggs, Samuel/0000-0002-2490-4720 FU US National Science Foundation [1105640]; Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs FX Research was sponsored by the US National Science Foundation, Grant No. 1105640. Proton irradiation of Ni-Cr alloys was performed at the UW Ion Beam Laboratory. Ni ion irradiation of Ni-Cr alloys was fully supported by the Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Focused ion beam sample preparation was performed at the MaCS Laboratory at the Center for Advanced Energy Studies at Idaho National Laboratory. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy was performed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Materials Science Center. Funding for SAB was provided by the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 48 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.046 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200006 ER PT J AU Hu, SY Burkes, DE Lavender, CA Senor, DJ Setyawan, W Xu, ZJ AF Hu, Shenyang Burkes, Douglas E. Lavender, Curt A. Senor, David J. Setyawan, Wahyu Xu, Zhijie TI Formation mechanism of gas bubble superlattice in UMo metal fuels: Phase-field modeling investigation SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE UMo metal fuels; Gas bubble superlattice; One-dimensional migration; Radiation effects; Phase-field method ID VOID-LATTICE FORMATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; EQUATION-OF-STATE; MO ALLOY FUEL; U-MO; FISSION-GAS; DISPERSION FUEL; INTERSTITIAL DIFFUSION; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY AB Nano-gas bubble superlattices are often observed in irradiated UMo nuclear fuels. However, the formation mechanism of gas bubble superlattices is not well understood. A number of physical processes may affect the gas bubble nucleation and growth; hence, the morphology of gas bubble microstructures including size and spatial distributions. In this work, a phase-field model integrating a first-passage Monte Carlo method to investigate the formation mechanism of gas bubble superlattices was developed. Six physical processes are taken into account in the model: 1) heterogeneous generation of gas atoms, vacancies, and interstitials informed from atomistic simulations; 2) one-dimensional (1-D) migration of interstitials; 3) irradiation-induced dissolution of gas atoms; 4) recombination between vacancies and interstitials; 5) elastic interaction; and 6) heterogeneous nucleation of gas bubbles. We found that the elastic interaction doesn't cause the gas bubble alignment, and fast 1-D migration of interstitials along < 110 > directions in the body-centered cubic U matrix causes the gas bubble alignment along < 110 > directions. It implies that 1-D interstitial migration along [110] direction should be the primary mechanism of a fcc gas bubble superlattice which is observed in bcc UMo alloys. Simulations also show that fission rates, saturated gas concentration, and elastic interaction all affect the morphology of gas bubble microstructures. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hu, Shenyang; Burkes, Douglas E.; Lavender, Curt A.; Senor, David J.; Setyawan, Wahyu; Xu, Zhijie] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hu, SY (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM shenyang.hu@pnnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Material Management and Minimization Reactor Conversion Program FX The work described in this article was performed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This study was supported by DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Material Management and Minimization Reactor Conversion Program. The authors also thank the EMSL computer support. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 202 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.012 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200025 ER PT J AU Noordhoek, MJ Besmann, TM Andersson, D Middleburgh, SC Chernatynskiy, A AF Noordhoek, Mark J. Besmann, Theodore M. Andersson, David Middleburgh, Simon C. Chernatynskiy, Aleksandr TI Phase equilibria in the U-Si system from first-principles calculations SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; URANIUM SESQUISILICIDE; STRUCTURAL STABILITY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; POWDER-METALLURGY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; 1773 K AB Density functional theory calculations have been used with spin-orbit coupling and on-site Coulomb correction (GGA + U) methods to investigate the U-Si system. Structural prediction methods were employed to identify alternate stable structures. Convex hulls of the U-Si system were constructed for each of the methods to highlight the competing energetics of various phases. For GGA calculations, new structures are predicted to be dynamically stable, but these have not been experimentally observed. When the GGA + U (U-eff > 1.3 eV) method is considered, the experimentally observed structures are predicted to be energetically preferred. Phonon calculations were used to investigate the energy predictions and showed that the use of the GGA + U method removes the significant imaginary frequencies observed for U3Si2 when the correction is not considered. Total and partial electron density of states calculations were also performed to understand the role of GGA + U methods and orbitals on the bonding and stability of U-Si compounds. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Noordhoek, Mark J.; Besmann, Theodore M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. [Andersson, David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Middleburgh, Simon C.] Westinghouse Elect Sweden, SE-72163 Vasteras, Sweden. [Chernatynskiy, Aleksandr] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RP Noordhoek, MJ (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. EM mjnoord@gmail.com OI Chernatynskiy, Aleksandr/0000-0001-7431-7201 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Fuel Cycle RD Program; Consortium for Advanced fuels for enhanced Accident Tolerance (CARAT) collaboration; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC52-06NA25396] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Fuel Cycle R&D Program and carried out as part of the Consortium for Advanced fuels for enhanced Accident Tolerance (CARAT) collaboration. We thank the Research Cyberinstitute at the University of South Carolina for use of the computing resources.; D.A.A. was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC52-06NA25396. NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.006 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200026 ER PT J AU Fukuda, M Kumar, NAPK Koyanagi, T Garrison, LM Snead, LL Katoh, Y Hasegawa, A AF Fukuda, Makoto Kumar, N. A. P. Kiran Koyanagi, Takaaki Garrison, Lauren M. Snead, Lance L. Katoh, Yutai Hasegawa, Akira TI Neutron energy spectrum influence on irradiation hardening and microstructural development of tungsten SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Tungsten; Neutron irradiation; Irradiation hardening; Microstructure; Neutron spectrum effect; HFIR; JMTR; Joyo ID W-RE ALLOYS; TEMPERATURE; RHENIUM AB Neutron irradiation to single crystal pure tungsten was performed in the mixed spectrum High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). To investigate the influences of neutron energy spectrum, the microstructure and irradiation hardening were compared with previous data obtained from the irradiation campaigns in the mixed spectrum Japan Material Testing Reactor (JMTR) and the sodium-cooled fast reactor Joyo. The irradiation temperatures were in the range of similar to 900-similar to 800 degrees C and fast neutron fluences were 0.02-9.00 x 10(25) n/m(2) (E > 0.1 MeV). Post irradiation evaluation included Vickers hardness measurements and transmission electron microscopy. The hardness and microstructure changes exhibited a clear dependence on the neutron energy spectrum. The hardness appeared to increase with increasing thermal neutron flux when fast fluence exceeds 1 x 10(25) n/m(2) (E > 0.1 MeV). Irradiation induced precipitates considered to be chi- and sigma-phases were observed in samples irradiated to > 1 x 10(25) n/m(2) (E > 0.1 MeV), which were pronounced at high dose and due to the very high thermal neutron flux of HFIR. Although the irradiation hardening mainly caused by defects clusters in a low dose regime, the transmutation-induced precipitation appeared to impose additional significant hardening of the tungsten. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fukuda, Makoto; Hasegawa, Akira] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. [Kumar, N. A. P. Kiran; Koyanagi, Takaaki; Garrison, Lauren M.; Katoh, Yutai] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Snead, Lance L.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Fukuda, M (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Quantum Sci & Energy Engn, Aoba Ku, 6-6-01-2 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan. EM makoto.fukuda@qse.tohoku.ac.jp RI Koyanagi, Takaaki/D-9841-2017; OI Koyanagi, Takaaki/0000-0001-7272-4049; Garrison, Lauren/0000-0002-5673-8333; Fukuda, Makoto/0000-0001-7714-7332 FU Japan/U.S. Cooperation (PHENIX) in Fusion Research and Development; High Flux Isotope Reactor; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; JSPS KAKENHI [15H06030]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This research was supported in part by the Japan/U.S. Cooperation (PHENIX) in Fusion Research and Development, the High Flux Isotope Reactor, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, and the JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15H06030. Contribution from ORNL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. This research was carried out in part at the International Research Center for Nuclear Materials Science, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.051 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200030 ER PT J AU Luksic, SA Riley, BJ Parker, KE Hrma, P AF Luksic, Steven A. Riley, Brian J. Parker, Kent E. Hrma, Pavel TI Sodalite as a vehicle to increase Re retention in waste glass simulant during vitrification SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TECHNETIUM; PERRHENATE; CHEMISTRY; RHENIUM AB Technetium (Tc) retention during Hanford waste vitrification can be increased if the volatility can be controlled. Incorporating Tc into a thermally stable mineral phase, such as sodalite, is one way to achieve increased retention. Here, rhenium (Re)-bearing sodalite was tested as a vehicle to transport perrhenate (ReO4-), a nonradioactive surrogate for pertechnetate (TcO4-), into high-level (HLW) and low-activity waste (LAW) glass simulants. After melting HLW and LAW simulant feeds, the retention of Re in the glass was measured and compared with the Re retention in glass prepared from a feed containing Re2O7. Phase analysis of sodalite in both these glasses across a profile of temperatures describes the durability of Re-sodalite during the feed-to-glass transition. The use of Re sodalite improved the Re retention by 21% for HLW glass and 85% for LAW glass, demonstrating the potential improvement in Tc-retention if TcO4 were to be encapsulated in a Tc-sodalite prior to vitrification. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Luksic, Steven A.; Riley, Brian J.; Parker, Kent E.; Hrma, Pavel] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Luksic, SA (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM steven.luksic@pnnl.gov OI Riley, Brian/0000-0002-7745-6730 FU Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant Project of the Office of River Protection FX The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle under Contract Number DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant Project of the Office of River Protection under the direction of Dr. Albert Kruger. The authors also thank Carolyne Burns for help with PSD measurements, Michael Schweiger who provided guidance at every step, and Derek Dixon who assisted with his glass expertise. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.002 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200041 ER PT J AU Unocic, KA Hoelzer, DT AF Unocic, Kinga A. Hoelzer, David T. TI Evaluation of Pb-17Li compatibility of ODS Fe-12Cr-5Al alloys SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Pb-7Li compatibility; Cast FeCrAl; ODS FeCrAl; Mass change; Oxide scale; LiAlO2 ID PB-LI COMPATIBILITY; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; MARTENSITIC STEELS; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FLOWING PB-15.7LI; EUTECTIC PB-17LI; BLANKET CONCEPT; EUROFER STEEL; CLAM STEELS AB The Dual Coolant Lead Lithium (DCLL: eutectic Pb-7Li and He) blanket concept requires improved Pb-17Li compatibility with ferritic steels in order to demonstrate acceptable performance in fusion reactors. As an initial step, static Pb-17at.%Li (Pb-17Li) capsule experiments were conducted on new oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) FeCrAl alloys ((1) Y2O3 (125Y), (2) Y2O3 + ZrO2 (125YZ), (3) Y2O3 + HfO2 (125YH), and (4) Y2O3 + TiO2 (125YT)) produced at ORNL via mechanical alloying (MA). Tests were conducted in static Pb-17Li for 1000 h at 700 degrees C. Alloys showed promising compatibility with Pb-17Li with small mass change after testing for 125YZ, 125YH and 125YT, while the 125Y alloy experienced the highest mass loss associated with some oxide spallation and subsequent alloy dissolution. X-ray diffraction methods identified the surface reaction product as LiAlO2 on all four alloys. A small decrease (similar to 1 at.%) in Al content beneath the oxide scale was observed in all four ODS alloys, which extended 60 mm beneath the oxide/metal interface. This indicates improvements in alloy dissolution by decreasing the amount of Al loss from the alloy. Scales formed on 125YZ, 125YH and 125YT were examined via scanning transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) and revealed incorporation of Zr-, Hf-, and Ti-rich precipitates within the LiAlO2 product, respectively. This indicates an inward scale growth mechanism. Future work in flowing Pb-17Li is needed to further evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy in a test blanket module. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Unocic, Kinga A.; Hoelzer, David T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Unocic, KA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM unocicka@ornl.gov OI Unocic, Kinga/0000-0002-7911-4064 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC, Fusion Energy Materials Program FX Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC, Fusion Energy Materials Program. The microscopy was performed as part of a user proposal at ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility. T.M. Lowe, M.S. Stephens, T.S. Geer, D.W. Coffey, E. Cakmak, and D.N. Leonard assisted with the experimental work. B.A. Pint, L.F. Allard, D.A. Cullen and S. Pawel provided comments on the results and manuscript. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 357 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.017 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200044 ER PT J AU Frazer, D Qvist, S Parker, S Krumwiede, DL Caro, M Tesmer, J Maloy, SA Wang, YQ Hosemann, P AF Frazer, D. Qvist, S. Parker, S. Krumwiede, D. L. Caro, M. Tesmer, J. Maloy, S. A. Wang, Y. Q. Hosemann, P. TI Degradation of HT9 under simultaneous ion beam irradiation and liquid metal corrosion SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BISMUTH EUTECTIC LBE; 550 DEGREES-C; PROTON IRRADIATION; NUCLEAR-REACTORS; PB-BI; LEAD; STEEL; 316L; OXYGEN; MECHANISM AB A potentially promising coolant/structural material pair for a liquid-metal-cooled fast reactors is lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) coolant with the ferritic/martensitic steel HT9. The challenge of deploying LBE, however, is the corrosive environment it creates for structural materials. This corrosion can be mitigated with precise oxygen content control in the LBE to allow for the growth of passive protective oxide layers on the surface of the steel. In this paper, results are reported from the Irradiation Corrosion Experiment II (ICE-II), which allowed the simultaneous irradiation of a sample while in contact with LBE. It was found that a characteristic multilayer structure with an outer Fe3O4 oxide and inner FeCr2O4 spinel was grown and the oxidation was significantly larger in the irradiated region when compared to the region that was only exposed to LBE corrosion. Possible mechanisms are discussed to help understand this irradiation enhanced corrosion behavior. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Frazer, D.; Qvist, S.; Parker, S.; Krumwiede, D. L.; Hosemann, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Caro, M.; Tesmer, J.; Maloy, S. A.; Wang, Y. Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Qvist, S.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Frazer, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM davefrazer@berkeley.edu OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319; Hosemann, Peter/0000-0003-2281-2213 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD fund FX The authors would like to thank John Balog for his help with design, construction, and installation of beamline and target chamber shielding unit; John Bliss for his help with MCNPX dose calculation; Engang Fu and Carol Haertling for their assistance during the initial irradiation campaign; and Antonio Maestas and Rebekkah Aguilar (RP-1) for aiding with radiation monitoring. This work was supported by a Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD fund. In addition, the authors would like to thank the Biomolecular Nanotechnology Center (BNC) at the University of California, Berkeley for the use of the SEM/FIB facilities. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 382 EP 389 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.039 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200047 ER PT J AU Pasqualini, EE Robinson, AB Porter, DL Wachs, DM Finlay, MR AF Pasqualini, E. E. Robinson, A. B. Porter, D. L. Wachs, D. M. Finlay, M. R. TI Fabrication and testing of U-7Mo monolithic plate fuel with Zircaloy cladding SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Low-enriched fuel; Monolithic fuel; Zircaloy cladding; RERTR; Research reactor; Test reactor AB Nuclear fuel designs are being developed to replace highly enriched fuel used in research and test reactors with fuels of low enrichment. In the most challenging cases, U-(7-10 wt%) Mo monolithic plate fuels are proposed. One of the considered designs includes aluminum-alloy cladding, which provides some challenges in fabrication and fuel/cladding interaction during service. Zircaloy cladding, specifically Zry-4, was investigated as an alternative cladding, and development of a fabrication method was performed by researchers with the Comision Nacionalde Energia Atomica (CNEA) in Argentina, resulting in test fuel plates (Zry-4 clad U-7Mo) which were subsequently tested in the Advanced Test Reactor in Idaho. Because Zry-4 and U-(7-10) Mo have similar high-temperature mechanical properties, fabrication was simplified in that the fuel foil and cladding could be co-rolled and bonded. The challenge was to prevent a thermal-expansion mismatch, which could destroy the fuel/cladding bond before complete bonding was achieved; the solution was to prevent the composites from cooling significantly during or between roll passes. The final product performed very well in-reactor, showing good bonding, very little fuel/cladding interaction-either from fabrication or in-reactor testing-and little swelling, especially no detectable heterogeneous bubble formation at the fuel/cladding interface tested to a fission density of up to 2.7E+21 (average) fissions/cm(3), 3.8E+21 (peak). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pasqualini, E. E.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Constituyentes, Lab Nanotecnol Nucl, Av Gen Paz 1499,B1650KNA, San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Robinson, A. B.; Porter, D. L.; Wachs, D. M.] Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Finlay, M. R.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, PMB 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. RP Porter, DL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Douglas.Porter@inl.gov OI Porter, Douglas/0000-0003-0545-6771 FU U.S. Government under DOE [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Materials Management and Minimization Program FX This submitted manuscript was authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under DOE Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. The Materials Management and Minimization Program funded these efforts. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 402 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.034 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200050 ER PT J AU Wang, H Wang, JAJ AF Wang, Hong Wang, Jy-An John TI Bending testing and characterization of surrogate nuclear fuel rods made of Zircaloy-4 cladding and aluminum oxide pellets SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INITIATED-ACCIDENT CONDITIONS; VIBRATION INTEGRITY; FAILURE; BEHAVIOR AB Behavior of surrogate nuclear fuel rods made of Zircaloy-4 (Zry-4) cladding with alumina pellets under reversed cyclic bending was studied. Tests were performed under load or moment control at 5 Hz. The surrogate rods fractured under moment amplitudes greater than 10.16 Nm with fatigue lives between 2.4 x 10(3) and 2.2 x 10(6) cycles. Fatigue response of Zry-4 cladding was characterized by using flexural rigidity. Degradation of flexural rigidity was shown to depend on the moment and the prefatigue condition of specimens. Pellet-to-pellet interface (PPI), pellet-to-cladding interface (PCI), and pellet condition affect surrogate rod failure. Both debonding of PPI/PCI and pellet fracturing contribute to surrogate rod bending fatigue. The effect of sensor spacing on curvature measurement using three-point deflections was studied; the method based on effective gauge length is effective in sensor spacing correction. The database developed and the understanding gained in this study can serve as input to analysis of SNF (spent nuclear fuel) vibration integrity. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Hong; Wang, Jy-An John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangh@ornl.gov; wangja@ornl.gov OI Wang, Hong/0000-0002-0173-0545 FU Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research; US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC); US Department of Energy (DOE) Used Fuel Disposition Campaign programs under DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX The research was jointly sponsored by the Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the US Department of Energy (DOE) Used Fuel Disposition Campaign programs under DOE contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 470 EP 482 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.044 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200058 ER PT J AU Simos, N Elbakhshwan, M Zhong, Z Camino, F AF Simos, Nikolaos Elbakhshwan, Mohamed Zhong, Zhong Camino, Fernando TI Proton irradiation effects on beryllium - A macroscopic assessment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Irradiation damage; Thermal cycling; Annealing; Beryllium ID NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; DEUTERIUM; BEAMS; MICROSTRUCTURE; OXIDATION; OXYGEN; TARGET; OXIDE; IONS AB Beryllium, due to its excellent neutron multiplication and moderation properties, in conjunction with its good thermal properties, is under consideration for use as plasma facing material in fusion reactors and as a very effective neutron reflector in fission reactors. While it is characterized by unique combination of structural, chemical, atomic number, and neutron absorption cross section it suffers, however, from irradiation generated transmutation gases such as helium and tritium which exhibit low solubility leading to supersaturation of the Be matrix and tend to precipitate into bubbles that coalesce and induce swelling and embrittlement thus degrading the metal and limiting its lifetime. Utilization of beryllium as a pion production low-Z target in high power proton accelerators has been sought both for its low Z and good thermal properties in an effort to mitigate thermos-mechanical shock that is expected to be induced under the multi-MW power demand. To assess irradiation-induced changes in the thermal and mechanical properties of Beryllium, a study focusing on proton irradiation damage effects has been undertaken using 200 MeV protons from the Brookhaven National Laboratory Linac and followed by a multi-faceted post-irradiation analysis that included the thermal and volumetric stability of irradiated beryllium, the stress-strain behavior and its ductility loss as a function of proton fluence and the effects of proton irradiation on the microstructure using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The mimicking of high temperature irradiation of Beryllium via high temperature annealing schemes has been conducted as part of the post-irradiation study. This paper focuses on the thermal stability and mechanical property changes of the proton irradiated beryllium and presents results of the macroscopic property changes of Beryllium deduced from thermal and mechanical tests. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Simos, Nikolaos; Elbakhshwan, Mohamed] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Zhong, Zhong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Photon Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Camino, Fernando] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Simos, N (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM simos@bnl.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 489 EP 503 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.06.048 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200060 ER PT J AU Tan, L Katoh, Y Tavassoli, AAF Henry, J Rieth, M Sakasegawa, H Tanigawa, H Huang, Q AF Tan, L. Katoh, Y. Tavassoli, A. -A. F. Henry, J. Rieth, M. Sakasegawa, H. Tanigawa, H. Huang, Q. TI Recent status and improvement of reduced-activation ferritic-martensitic steels for high-temperature service SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; TEST BLANKET MODULES; CR-W STEELS; FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC STEELS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CLAM STEEL; FUSION APPLICATION; IMPACT BEHAVIOR; RAFM STEELS AB Reduced-activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steels, candidate structural materials for fusion reactors, have achieved technological maturity after about three decades of research and development. The recent status of a few developmental aspects of current RAFM steels, such as aging resistance, plate thickness effects, fracture toughness, and fatigue, is updated in this paper, together with ongoing efforts to develop next-generation RAFM steels for superior high-temperature performance. In addition to thermo-mechanical treatments, including nonstandard heat treatment, alloy chemistry refinements and modifications have demonstrated some improvements in high-temperature performance. Castable nanostructured alloys (CNAs) were developed by significantly increasing the amount of nanoscale MX (M = V/Ta/Ti, X = C/N) precipitates and reducing coarse M23C6 (M = Cr). Preliminary results showed promising improvement in creep resistance and Charpy impact toughness. Limited low-dose neutron irradiation results for one of the CNAs and China low activation martensitic are presented and compared with data for F82H and Eurofer97 irradiated up to similar to 70 displacements per atom at similar to 300-325 degrees C. (C) 2016 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tan, L.; Katoh, Y.; Sakasegawa, H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Tavassoli, A. -A. F.; Henry, J.] CEA Saclay, DEN, DMN Dir, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Rieth, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Sakasegawa, H.; Tanigawa, H.] Natl Inst Quantum & Radiol Sci & Technol, Rokkasho, Aomori 0393212, Japan. [Huang, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Energy Safety Technol, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Tan, L (reprint author), One Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS-6136, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tanl@ornl.gov RI Tan, Lizhen/A-7886-2009; Rieth, Michael/E-4245-2017 OI Tan, Lizhen/0000-0002-3418-2450; Rieth, Michael/0000-0002-6231-6241 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Fusion Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; EUROfusion Consortium; National Basic Research Program of China FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Fusion Energy Sciences. This manuscript was authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Part of this work was supported by the EUROfusion Consortium through the Euratom research and training programme, "Broader Approach Agreement" between the Government of Japan and the Euratom, and the National Basic Research Program of China. The authors thank F.W. Wiffen and S.J. Zinkle for useful discussions. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 515 EP 523 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.054 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200062 ER PT J AU Taylor, CA Patel, MK Aguiar, JA Zhang, YW Crespillo, ML Wen, J Xue, HZ Wang, Y Weber, WJ AF Taylor, Caitlin A. Patel, Maulik K. Aguiar, Jeffery A. Zhang, Yanwen Crespillo, Miguel L. Wen, Juan Xue, Haizhou Wang, Yongqiang Weber, William J. TI Combined effects of radiation damage and He accumulation on bubble nucleation in Gd2Ti2O7 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Pyrochlore; Helium bubble; Radiation damage; Nuclear waste ID CRYSTALLINE CERAMICS; PYROCHLORE; PLUTONIUM; WASTE; IMMOBILIZATION; OXIDES; GLASS; TEM AB Pyrochlores have long been considered as host phases for long-term immobilization of radioactive waste nuclides that would undergo a-decay for hundreds of thousands of years. This work utilizes ion-beam irradiations to examine the combined effects of radiation damage and He accumulation on bubble formation in Gd2Ti2O7 over relevant waste-form timescales. Helium bubbles are not observed in pre-damaged Gd2Ti2O7 implanted with 2 x 10(16) He/cm(2), even after post-implantation irradiations with 7 MeV Au3+ at 300, 500, and 700 K. However, He bubbles with average diameters of 1.5 nm and 2.1 nm are observed in pre-damaged (amorphous) Gd2Ti2O7 and pristine Gd2Ti2O7, respectively, after implantation of 2 x 10(17) He/cm(2). The critical He concentration for bubble nucleation in Gd2Ti2O7 is estimated to be 6 at.% He. (C) 2016 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Taylor, Caitlin A.; Patel, Maulik K.; Zhang, Yanwen; Crespillo, Miguel L.; Xue, Haizhou; Weber, William J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Aguiar, Jeffery A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Aguiar, Jeffery A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Mat Sci, Golden, CO 80220 USA. [Zhang, Yanwen; Weber, William J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wen, Juan] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Wen, Juan; Wang, Yongqiang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Taylor, CA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ctayl105@vols.utk.edu RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; DOE-Nuclear Energy University Program [DE-NE0000693]; Nuclear Engineering University Program (NEUP) [12-3528] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Kurt Sickafus for helpful discussions and the use of his laboratory facilities. Helium implantations were performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). This research was also supported in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, where some of the transmission electron microscopy work was performed, which is sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy. Some initial electron microscopy was conducted as part of a user proposal at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility. X-ray diffraction was performed using instruments that were procured through the general infrastructure grant of DOE-Nuclear Energy University Program (DE-NE0000693). This work was supported by the Nuclear Engineering University Program (NEUP) Award Number 12-3528. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 542 EP 547 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.043 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200065 ER PT J AU Noordhoek, MJ Andersson, D Besmann, TM AF Noordhoek, Mark J. Andersson, David Besmann, Theodore M. TI Structure determination and stability for Pa-Si, Np-Si and U-X-Si ( X = Mo, Th, Np) phases from first-principles SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE DISPERSION FUEL; ACCIDENT-TOLERANT FUELS; URANIUM SILICIDES; GROUND-STATE; ZR SYSTEM; CHEMISTRY; BEHAVIOR; U2MO AB Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed for Pa-Si, Np-Si and uranium-based ternary silicide phases. Structure prediction calculations are used to search for competing phases in these systems. Results using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), on-site Coulomb correction (GGA + U) and van der Waals interactions are presented. All Pa-Si compounds reported here are structurally analogous to those found in other actinide silicide systems. The electronic structure of Pa3Si2 shows the f-orbital electrons are largely unoccupied, which is in contrast to calculations for Np3Si2. For the Np-Si system, predicted stable structures using GGA differ from the experimentally observed structures, which, however, are energetically preferred in results using the GGA + U method. Structure searches for U2MoSi, U2ThSi2 and UNpSi reveal dynamically stable ternary compounds. The phonon dispersion curves, elastic constants and electronic density of states for the various phases are compared to those from previous DFT calculations for U-Si phases. (C) 2016 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Noordhoek, Mark J.; Besmann, Theodore M.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. [Andersson, David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Noordhoek, MJ (reprint author), Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. EM mjnoord@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program through the project Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) High Impact Problem (HIP) FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program through the project Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) High Impact Problem (HIP). NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 479 BP 593 EP 607 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2016.07.058 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW3OX UT WOS:000383552200070 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Trone, DW McGraw, S Steelman, RA Austin, KG Lieberman, HR AF Knapik, Joseph J. Trone, Daniel W. McGraw, Susan Steelman, Ryan A. Austin, Krista G. Lieberman, Harris R. TI Caffeine Use among Active Duty Navy and Marine Corps Personnel SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE coffee; tea; cola; energy drink; alcohol; sleep; exercise; demographics; lifestyle characteristics ID ENERGY DRINK CONSUMPTION; MULTIVARIATE GENETIC-ANALYSIS; DOSE-RESPONSE METAANALYSIS; COFFEE CONSUMPTION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; MILLENNIUM COHORT; SLEEP DURATION AB Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate 89% of Americans regularly consume caffeine, but these data do not include military personnel. This cross-sectional study examined caffeine use in Navy and Marine Corps personnel, including prevalence, amount of daily consumption, and factors associated with use. A random sample of Navy and Marine Corps personnel was contacted and asked to complete a detailed questionnaire describing their use of caffeine-containing substances, in addition to their demographic, military, and lifestyle characteristics. A total of 1708 service members (SMs) completed the questionnaire. Overall, 87% reported using caffeinated beverages >= 1 time/week, with caffeine users consuming a mean +/- standard error of 226 +/- 5 mg/day (242 +/- 7 mg/day for men, 183 +/- 8 mg/day for women). The most commonly consumed caffeinated beverages (% users) were coffee (65%), colas (54%), teas (40%), and energy drinks (28%). Multivariable logistic regression modeling indicated that characteristics independently associated with caffeine use (>= 1 time/week) included older age, white race/ethnicity, higher alcohol consumption, and participating in less resistance training. Prevalence of caffeine use in these SMs was similar to that reported in civilian investigations, but daily consumption (mg/day) was higher. C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; McGraw, Susan; Austin, Krista G.; Lieberman, Harris R.] US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Steelman, Ryan A.] US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Austin, Krista G.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. [Trone, Daniel W.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA.; Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA.; Knapik, JJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. EM joseph.j.knapik.ctr@mail.mil; daniel.w.trone.civ@mail.mil; susan.m.mcgraw6.civ@mail.mil; ryan.a.steelman.ctr@mail.mil; krista.g.austin.ctr@mail.mil; harris.r.lieberman.civ@mail.mil FU appointment to the Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM); Army Public Health Center (Provisional) (APHC-Prov); Bureau of Medicine and Surgery [N1335]; Center Alliance for Dietary Supplement Research FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) and the Army Public Health Center (Provisional) (APHC-Prov) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy, USARIEM, and APHC-Prov. This report was also supported by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, under Work Unit No. N1335, and the Center Alliance for Dietary Supplement Research. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD OCT PY 2016 VL 8 IS 10 AR 620 DI 10.3390/nu8100620 PG 27 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA ED2HT UT WOS:000388665300038 ER PT J AU Man, J Zhang, JJ Li, WX Zeng, LZ Wu, LS AF Man, Jun Zhang, Jiangjiang Li, Weixuan Zeng, Lingzao Wu, Laosheng TI Sequential ensemble-based optimal design for parameter estimation SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ensemble Kalman filter; experimental design; parameter estimation; unsaturated flow ID MEASURING INFORMATION-CONTENT; GROUNDWATER SOLUTE TRANSPORT; BAYESIAN EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; DATA ASSIMILATION; KALMAN FILTER; SAMPLING DESIGN; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; POROUS-MEDIA; MODELS; FLOW AB The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) has been widely used in parameter estimation for hydrological models. The focus of most previous studies was to develop more efficient analysis (estimation) algorithms. On the other hand, it is intuitively understandable that a well-designed sampling (data-collection) strategy should provide more informative measurements and subsequently improve the parameter estimation. In this work, a Sequential Ensemble-based Optimal Design (SEOD) method, coupled with EnKF, information theory and sequential optimal design, is proposed to improve the performance of parameter estimation. Based on the first-order and second-order statistics, different information metrics including the Shannon entropy difference (SD), degrees of freedom for signal (DFS) and relative entropy (RE) are used to design the optimal sampling strategy, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by synthetic one-dimensional and two-dimensional unsaturated flow case studies. It is shown that the designed sampling strategies can provide more accurate parameter estimation and state prediction compared with conventional sampling strategies. Optimal sampling designs based on various information metrics perform similarly in our cases. The effect of ensemble size on the optimal design is also investigated. Overall, larger ensemble size improves the parameter estimation and convergence of optimal sampling strategy. Although the proposed method is applied to unsaturated flow problems in this study, it can be equally applied in any other hydrological problems. C1 [Man, Jun; Zhang, Jiangjiang; Zeng, Lingzao] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Soil & Water Resources & Environm Sci, Coll Environm & Resource Sci, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Agr Resources & Environm, Hangzhou, Peoples R China. [Li, Weixuan] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Wu, Laosheng] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA USA. RP Zeng, LZ (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Inst Soil & Water Resources & Environm Sci, Coll Environm & Resource Sci, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Agr Resources & Environm, Hangzhou, Peoples R China. EM lingzao@zju.edu.cn RI Zeng, Lingzao/A-8977-2014; OI Man, Jun/0000-0001-8374-0773; Zhang, Jiangjiang/0000-0002-0513-5233 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41371237, 41571215]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2016QNA6008]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics program as part of the Multifaceted Mathematics for Complex Energy Systems project FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 41371237 and 41571215) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant 2016QNA6008). Weixuan Li's work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics program as part of the Multifaceted Mathematics for Complex Energy Systems project. Data and computer codes used are available upon request to the corresponding author. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 52 IS 10 BP 7577 EP 7592 DI 10.1002/2016WR018736 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA EC9VW UT WOS:000388493400003 ER PT J AU Harman-Ware, AE Foster, C Happs, RM Doeppke, C Meunier, K Gehan, J Yue, FX Lu, FC Davis, MF AF Harman-Ware, Anne E. Foster, Cliff Happs, Renee M. Doeppke, Crissa Meunier, Kristoffer Gehan, Jackson Yue, Fengxia Lu, Fachuang Davis, Mark F. TI A thioacidolysis method tailored for higher-throughput quantitative analysis of lignin monomers SO BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Cell wall structure; Lignin; S/G ratio; Thioacidolysis ID RAPID ANALYSIS; OVEREXPRESSION; POPLAR; IMPACT AB Thioacidolysis is a method used to measure the relative content of lignin monomers bound by beta-O-4 linkages. Current thioacidolysis methods are low-throughput as they require tedious steps for reaction product concentration prior to analysis using standard GC methods. A quantitative thioacidolysis method that is accessible with general laboratory equipment and uses a non-chlorinated organic solvent and is tailored for higher-throughput analysis is reported. The method utilizes lignin arylglycerol monomer standards for calibration, requires 1-2 mg of biomass per assay and has been quantified using fast-GC techniques including a Low Thermal Mass Modular Accelerated Column Heater (LTM MACH). Cumbersome steps, including standard purification, sample concentrating and drying have been eliminated to help aid in consecutive day-to-day analyses needed to sustain a high sample throughput for large screening experiments without the loss of quantitation accuracy. The method reported in this manuscript has been quantitatively validated against a commonly used thioacidolysis method and across two different research sites with three common biomass varieties to represent hardwoods, softwoods, and grasses. C1 [Harman-Ware, Anne E.; Happs, Renee M.; Doeppke, Crissa; Davis, Mark F.] Bioenergy Sci Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Harman-Ware, Anne E.; Happs, Renee M.; Doeppke, Crissa; Davis, Mark F.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Foster, Cliff; Meunier, Kristoffer; Gehan, Jackson] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes BioEnergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yue, Fengxia; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Bioenergy Initiat, Madison, WI USA. RP Harman-Ware, AE (reprint author), Bioenergy Sci Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Anne.Ware@nrel.gov OI davis, mark/0000-0003-4541-9852 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the US Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was conducted as part of the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC). The BESC is a US Department of Energy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the US Department of Energy Office of Science under contract Number DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (managed by UT-Battelle, LLC) and under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The research was also supported by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1860-6768 EI 1860-7314 J9 BIOTECHNOL J JI Biotechnol. J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 IS 10 BP 1268 EP 1273 DI 10.1002/biot.201600266 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EC7GJ UT WOS:000388304600003 PM 27534715 ER PT J AU Choi, JS Koci, P AF Choi, Jae-Soon Koci, Petr TI Automotive Emission Control Catalysts SO CATALYSTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID SCR; NOX C1 [Choi, Jae-Soon] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Koci, Petr] Univ Chem & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Tecn 5, CZ-16628 Prague, Czech Republic. RP Choi, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM choijs@ornl.gov; petr.koci@vscht.cz OI Choi, Jae-Soon/0000-0002-8162-4207 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4344 J9 CATALYSTS JI Catalysts PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 AR 155 DI 10.3390/catal6100155 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA EC8DS UT WOS:000388371100008 ER PT J AU Wittstock, G Eikerling, M Alonso-Vante, N Vukomirovic, MB Uchida, H AF Wittstock, Gunther Eikerling, Michael Alonso-Vante, Nicolas Vukomirovic, Miomir B. Uchida, Hiroyuki TI Electrocatalysis: Holding the Keys to Advanced Energy Materials and Systems SO CHEMELECTROCHEM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wittstock, Gunther] Carl von Ossiezky Univ Oldenburg, Fac Math & Nat Sci, Ctr Interface Sci, Inst Chem, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Eikerling, Michael] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada. [Alonso-Vante, Nicolas] Univ Poitiers, CNRS 7285, IC2MP, 4 Rue Michel Brunet B27,BP 633 TSA 51106, F-86022 Poitiers, France. [Vukomirovic, Miomir B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Uchida, Hiroyuki] Univ Yamanashi, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Takeda 4, Kofu, Yamanashi 4008510, Japan. RP Wittstock, G (reprint author), Carl von Ossiezky Univ Oldenburg, Fac Math & Nat Sci, Ctr Interface Sci, Inst Chem, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.; Eikerling, M (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada.; Alonso-Vante, N (reprint author), Univ Poitiers, CNRS 7285, IC2MP, 4 Rue Michel Brunet B27,BP 633 TSA 51106, F-86022 Poitiers, France.; Vukomirovic, MB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Uchida, H (reprint author), Univ Yamanashi, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Takeda 4, Kofu, Yamanashi 4008510, Japan. EM gunther.wittstock@uni-oldenburg.de; meikerl@sfu.ca; nicolas.alonso.vante@univ-poitiers.fr; miomir@bnl.gov; h-uchida@yamanashi.ac.jp RI Wittstock, Gunther/H-1367-2011; OI Uchida, Hiroyuki/0000-0001-6718-5431 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2196-0216 J9 CHEMELECTROCHEM JI ChemElectroChem PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 SI SI BP 1518 EP 1519 DI 10.1002/celc.201600580 PG 2 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA EC8FR UT WOS:000388377200002 ER PT J AU Chong, LN Goenaga, GA Williams, K Barkholtz, HM Grabstanowicz, LR Brooksbank, JA Papandrew, AB Elzein, R Schlaf, R Zawodzinski, TA Zou, JX Ma, SQ Liu, DJ AF Chong, Lina Goenaga, Gabriel A. Williams, Kia Barkholtz, Heather M. Grabstanowicz, Lauren R. Brooksbank, Jeremy A. Papandrew, Alex B. Elzein, Radwan Schlaf, Rudiger Zawodzinski, Thomas A., Jr. Zou, Jianxin Ma, Shengqian Liu, Di-Jia TI Investigation of Oxygen Reduction Activity of Catalysts Derived from Co and Co/Zn Methyl-Imidazolate Frameworks in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells SO CHEMELECTROCHEM LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; CATHODE CATALYST; ELECTROCATALYSTS; IRON; COBALT AB We demonstrated that the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity over catalysts derived from pyrolyzed cobalt zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) depends strongly on the imidazole ligand structure and cobalt content. The activity and durability of these catalysts were tested in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell for the first time. The membrane electrode assembly containing a catalyst derived from Co/Zn bimetallic ZIF at the cathode achieved an open-circuit voltage of 0.93 V, a current density of 28 mAcm(-2) at 0.8 ViR-free, and a peak power density of 374 mWcm(-2). C1 [Chong, Lina; Barkholtz, Heather M.; Liu, Di-Jia] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chong, Lina; Zou, Jianxin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Engn Res Ctr Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Chong, Lina; Zou, Jianxin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Goenaga, Gabriel A.; Brooksbank, Jeremy A.; Papandrew, Alex B.; Zawodzinski, Thomas A., Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Williams, Kia; Elzein, Radwan; Schlaf, Rudiger; Ma, Shengqian] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Grabstanowicz, Lauren R.] Alcoa Tech Ctr, New Kensington, PA 15068 USA. RP Liu, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM djliu@anl.gov RI Ma, Shengqian/B-4022-2012 OI Ma, Shengqian/0000-0002-1897-7069 FU US. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewal Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office and Office of Sciences; Chinese Scholarship Council; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [14JC1491600]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. Magali Ferrandon for her support in XRD characterization. D.-J.L. wishes to thank US. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewal Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office and Office of Sciences for their financial support of this work. L.C. wishes to acknowledge Chinese Scholarship Council for its financial support. J.Z. would like to thank support from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality under grant No. 14JC1491600. Argonne National Laboratory is a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2196-0216 J9 CHEMELECTROCHEM JI ChemElectroChem PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 SI SI BP 1541 EP 1545 DI 10.1002/celc.201600163 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA EC8FR UT WOS:000388377200005 ER PT J AU Dumont, JH Martinez, U Chung, HT Zelenay, P AF Dumont, Joseph H. Martinez, Ulises Chung, Hoon T. Zelenay, Piotr TI Ternary PtRuPd/C Catalyst for High-Performance, Low-Temperature Direct Dimethyl Ether Fuel Cells SO CHEMELECTROCHEM LA English DT Article ID ELECTROOXIDATION; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; MECHANISM; METHANOL; PROGRESS; DME AB Dimethyl ether (DME) is a promising alternative fuel option for direct-feed low-temperature fuel cells. Until recently, DME had not received the same attention as alcohol fuels, such as methanol or ethanol, despite its notable advantages. These advantages include a high theoretical open-cell voltage (1.18 V at 258C) that is similar to that of methanol (1.21 V), much lower toxicity than methanol, and no need for the carbon-carbon bond scission that is needed in ethanol oxidation. DME is biodegradable, has a higher energy content than methanol (8.2 vs. 6.1 kWhkg(-1)), and, like methanol, can be synthesized from recycled carbon dioxide. Although the performance of direct DME fuel cells (DDMEFCs) has progressed over the past few years, DDMEFCs have not been viewed as fully viable. In this work, we report much improved performance from the ternary Pt55Ru35Pd10/C anode catalyst, allowing DDMEFCs to compete directly with direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). We also report results involving binary Pt alloys as reference catalysts and an in situ infrared electrochemical study to better understand the mechanism of DME electro-oxidation on ternary PtRuPd/C catalysts. C1 [Dumont, Joseph H.; Martinez, Ulises; Chung, Hoon T.; Zelenay, Piotr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zelenay, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM zelenay@lanl.gov RI Chung, Hoon/A-7916-2012 OI Chung, Hoon/0000-0002-5367-9294 FU Fuel Cell Technologies Office (FCTO) of the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) FX This research was supported by the Fuel Cell Technologies Office (FCTO) of the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). We thank Dr. Qing Li (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) and Dr. Yun Xu (Clemson University) for their help with data analysis and acquisition. We also thank Dr. Plamen Atanassov from University of New Mexico for providing access to the in situ FTIR spectrometer (part of the Center for Micro-Engineering Materials) and Dr. Fernando Garzon for insightful discussions of the XRD data. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2196-0216 J9 CHEMELECTROCHEM JI ChemElectroChem PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 SI SI BP 1564 EP 1569 DI 10.1002/celc.201600336 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA EC8FR UT WOS:000388377200008 ER PT J AU Vukmirovic, MB Kuttiyiel, KA Meng, H Adzic, RR AF Vukmirovic, Miomir B. Kuttiyiel, Kurian A. Meng, Hui Adzic, Radoslav R. TI Controllable Deposition of Platinum Layers on Oxide Surfaces for the Synthesis of Fuel Cell Catalysts SO CHEMELECTROCHEM LA English DT Article DE adsorption; galvanic displacement; metal oxides; monolayers; platinum ID HYDROGEN OXIDATION REACTION; MONOLAYER ELECTROCATALYSTS; TETRAAMMINE IMPREGNATION; RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE; OXYGEN REDUCTION; O-2 REDUCTION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; TEMPERATURE AB Reducing the amount of Pt, the most costly component of both anode and cathode fuel cell catalysts, has attracted considerable attention from the research community. An approach is reported herein to deposit sub-monolayer to multilayer amounts of Pt and other noble metals on metal oxides and oxidized carbon materials. The process is exemplified by Pt deposition on RuO2(110). The Pt deposit consists of Pt atoms arranged in a c(2 x 2) array, that is, a 0.25 monolayer (ML). The deposit has lower catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and similar activity for the hydrogen oxidation re-action compared to Pt(111). These activities are explained by a large calculated upshift of the d-band center of Pt atoms and larger Pt-Pt interatomic distances than those of Pt(111). A catalyst with Pt coverage larger than 0.25 ML on oxide surfaces and oxidized carbon materials is shown to be active for the ORR as well as for other electrocatalytic reactions. A PtRhSnO2/C catalyst shows high activity for ethanol oxidation as a result of its ability to effectively cleave the C-C bond in ethanol. Pt deposited on reduced graphene oxide shows high Pt mass ORR activity and good stability. C1 [Vukmirovic, Miomir B.; Kuttiyiel, Kurian A.; Meng, Hui; Adzic, Radoslav R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Meng, Hui] Jinan Univ, Dept Phys, Guangzhou Key Lab Vacuum Coating Technol & New En, Siyuan Lab, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Vukmirovic, MB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM miomir@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-SC0012704]; United States Government FX This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the US Department of Energy. The publisher by accepting the manuscript for publication acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2196-0216 J9 CHEMELECTROCHEM JI ChemElectroChem PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 SI SI BP 1635 EP 1640 DI 10.1002/celc.201600255 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA EC8FR UT WOS:000388377200016 ER PT J AU Schindelholz, EJ Christie, MA Allwein, SP Kelly, RG AF Schindelholz, E. J. Christie, M. A. Allwein, S. P. Kelly, R. G. TI Extremely High-Rate, Uniform Dissolution of Alloy 22 in Anhydrous Organic Solutions at Room Temperature SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE Alloy 22; chromium; Hastelloy C-22; hydrochloric acid; molybdenum; nickel; Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo; non-aqueous; organic solvent; quinone; transpassivity ID CORROSION; RESISTANCE; NICKEL AB During routine pharmaceutical development and scale-up work, severe corrosion of a Hastelloy Alloy C-22 (Alloy 22) filter dryer was observed after single, short (several hour) contact with the product slurry at room temperature. Initial investigations showed that the presence of both 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and HCl was sufficient in an acetonitrile solution to cause rapid corrosion of Alloy 22. More detailed mass loss studies showed initial corrosion rates exceeding 25 mm/y that then decreased over several hours to steady state rates of 3 mm/y to 5 mm/y. The corrosion was highly uniform. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that although Alloy 22 is spontaneously passive in acetonitrile solution, the presence of HCl leads to the development of a transpassive region. DDQ is a sufficiently strong oxidizer, particularly in acidic solutions, to polarize the Alloy 22 well into the transpassive region, leading to the observed high-corrosion rates. C1 [Schindelholz, E. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Christie, M. A.; Allwein, S. P.] Teva Branded Pharmaceut Prod R&D Inc, Chem Synth Ctr, 383 Phoenixville Pike, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. [Kelly, R. G.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Electrochem Sci & Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Schindelholz, EJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ejschi@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Jayendran Srinivasan, University of Virginia, for aid with electrochemical measurements and analysis. We also thank David Enos, Sandia National Laboratories, for his helpful suggestions during preparation of the manuscript. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 EI 1938-159X J9 CORROSION-US JI Corrosion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1292 EP 1299 DI 10.5006/2081 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA EC8DE UT WOS:000388369700009 ER PT J AU Pollet-Villard, M Daval, D Ackerer, P Saldi, GD Wild, B Knauss, KG Fritz, B AF Pollet-Villard, Marion Daval, Damien Ackerer, Philippe Saldi, Giuseppe D. Wild, Bastien Knauss, Kevin G. Fritz, Bertrand TI Does crystallographic anisotropy prevent the conventional treatment of aqueous mineral reactivity? A case study based on K-feldspar dissolution kinetics SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Orthoclase; Dissolution; Kinetic rate laws; Gibbs free energy; Crystallographic orientation; Dissolution anisotropy ID SOLUTION SATURATION STATE; SILICATE-GLASS CORROSION; ETCH PITS; SURFACE REACTIVITY; CHEMICAL AFFINITY; WATER INTERFACES; FREE-ENERGY; DEGREES-C; RATES; SCALE AB Which conceptual framework should be preferred to develop mineral dissolution rate laws, and how the aqueous mineral reactivity should be measured? For over 30 years, the classical strategy to model solid dissolution over large space and time scales has relied on so-called kinetic rate laws derived from powder dissolution experiments. In the present study, we provide detailed investigations of the dissolution kinetics of K-feldspar as a function of surface orientation and chemical affinity which question the commonplace belief that elementary mechanisms and resulting rate laws can be retrieved from conventional powder dissolution experiments. Nanometer-scale surface measurements evidenced that K-feldspar dissolution is an anisotropic process, where the face-specific dissolution rate satisfactorily agrees with the periodic bond chain (PBC) theory. The chemical affinity of the reaction was shown to impact differently the various faces of a single crystal, controlling the spontaneous nucleation of etch pits which, in turn, drive the dissolution process. These results were used to develop a simple numerical model which revealed that single crystal dissolution rates vary with reaction progress. Overall, these results cast doubt on the conventional protocol which is used to measure mineral dissolution rates and develop kinetic rate laws, because mineral reactivity is intimately related to the morphology of dissolving crystals, which remains totally uncontrolled in powder dissolution experiments. Beyond offering an interpretive framework to understand the large discrepancies consistently reported between sources and across space scales, the recognition of the anisotropy of crystal reactivity challenges the classical approach for modeling dissolution and weathering, and may be drawn upon to develop alternative treatments of aqueous mineral reactivity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pollet-Villard, Marion; Daval, Damien; Ackerer, Philippe; Wild, Bastien; Fritz, Bertrand] Univ Strasbourg, EOST, CNRS, Lab Hydrol & Geochim Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. [Daval, Damien; Saldi, Giuseppe D.; Knauss, Kevin G.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pollet-Villard, M (reprint author), Univ Strasbourg, EOST, CNRS, Lab Hydrol & Geochim Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. EM polletvillard@unistra.fr FU French National Research Agency as part of the French "Investissements d'avenir" [LABEX ANR-11-LABX-0050_G-EAU-THERMIE-PROFONDE]; Region Alsace; LABEX "G-EAU-THERMIE PROFONDE"; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work has been funded through a grant attributed to D.D. for the project "Feldspar reactivity in the context of Soultz-sous-Forets: From microstructural characterizations to numerical modeling" under the framework of the LABEX ANR-11-LABX-0050_G-EAU-THERMIE-PROFONDE which benefits from a funding from the state managed by the French National Research Agency as part of the French "Investissements d'avenir". M.P.-V. thanks the Region Alsace and LABEX "G-EAU-THERMIE PROFONDE" for funding her PhD contract. K.G.K. effort at LBL was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 21 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 190 BP 294 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2016.07.007 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED4FH UT WOS:000388802600016 ER PT J AU Honnicke, MG Bianco, LM Ceppi, SA Cusatis, C Huang, XR Cai, YQ Stutz, GE AF Honnicke, Marcelo Goncalves Bianco, Leonardo M. Ceppi, Sergio A. Cusatis, Cesar Huang, XianRong Cai, Yong Q. Stutz, Guillermo E. TI Construction of a quartz spherical analyzer: application to high-resolution analysis of the Ni K alpha emission spectrum SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE spherical analyzers; X-ray emission spectroscopy; inelastic X-ray scattering; X-ray optics; quartz crystals ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; DIFFRACTION TOPOGRAPHY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SHAKE PROCESS; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY; AUGER; CORE; MONOCHROMATORS; BACKSCATTERING AB The construction and characterization of a focusing X-ray spherical analyzer based on alpha-quartz 4<(4)overbar>404 are presented. The performance of the analyzer was demonstrated by applying it to a high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy study of the K alpha(1,2) emission spectrum of Ni. An analytical representation based on physical grounds was assumed to model the shape of the X-ray emission lines. Satellite structures assigned to 3d spectator hole transitions were resolved and determined as well as their relative contribution to the emission spectrum. The present results on 1s(-1)3d(-1) shake probabilities support a recently proposed calculation framework based on a multi-configuration atomic model. C1 [Honnicke, Marcelo Goncalves] Univ Fed Integracao Latino Amer, Inst Ciencias Vida & Nat, BR-85867970 Foz Do Iguacu, Parana, Brazil. [Bianco, Leonardo M.; Ceppi, Sergio A.; Stutz, Guillermo E.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Matemat Astron & Fis, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Ceppi, Sergio A.; Stutz, Guillermo E.] UNC, CONICET, Inst Fis E Gaviola, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Cusatis, Cesar] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Fis, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Huang, XianRong] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cai, Yong Q.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Honnicke, MG (reprint author), Univ Fed Integracao Latino Amer, Inst Ciencias Vida & Nat, BR-85867970 Foz Do Iguacu, Parana, Brazil.; Stutz, GE (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Matemat Astron & Fis, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina.; Stutz, GE (reprint author), UNC, CONICET, Inst Fis E Gaviola, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. EM marcelo.honnicke@unila.edu.br; stutz@famaf.unc.edu.ar RI Honnicke, Marcelo/I-8624-2012 FU CNPq/PQ [309109/2013-2, 309614/2013-9]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-SC0012704]; SeCyT (Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina); CONICET (Argentina) FX The authors acknowledge LNLS/CNPEM/MCT for beamtime (under proposal XRD2-10886/2013). MGH and CC gratefully acknowledge CNPq/PQ (309109/2013-2 and 309614/2013-9) for their research fellowships. XRH and YQC are supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract Nos. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-SC0012704, respectively. Financial support from SeCyT (Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina) and CONICET (Argentina) is gratefully acknowledged. LMB is a fellow of CONICET. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1600-5767 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 BP 1443 EP 1453 DI 10.1107/S1600576716010633 PN 5 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA EC7XQ UT WOS:000388354800007 ER PT J AU Liu, H Allan, PK Borkiewicz, OJ Kurtz, C Grey, CP Chapman, KW Chupas, PJ AF Liu, Hao Allan, Phoebe K. Borkiewicz, Olaf J. Kurtz, Charles Grey, Clare P. Chapman, Karena W. Chupas, Peter J. TI A radially accessible tubular in situ X-ray cell for spatially resolved operando scattering and spectroscopic studies of electrochemical energy storage devices SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE in situ X-ray electrochemical cells; energy storage; batteries; capacitors; spatial resolution ID ION BATTERIES; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; POWDER DIFFRACTION; LITHIUM BATTERIES; ABSORPTION; LIFEPO4 AB A tubular operando electrochemical cell has been developed to allow spatially resolved X-ray scattering and spectroscopic measurements of individual cell components, or regions thereof, during device operation. These measurements are enabled by the tubular cell geometry, wherein the X-ray-transparent tube walls allow radial access for the incident and scattered/transmitted X-ray beam; by probing different depths within the electrode stack, the transformation of different components or regions can be resolved. The cell is compatible with a variety of synchrotron-based scattering, absorption and imaging methodologies. The reliability of the electrochemical cell and the quality of the resulting X-ray scattering and spectroscopic data are demonstrated for two types of energy storage: the evolution of the distribution of the state of charge of an Li-ion battery electrode during cycling is documented using X-ray powder diffraction, and the redistribution of ions between two porous carbon electrodes in an electrochemical double-layer capacitor is documented using X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. C1 [Liu, Hao; Borkiewicz, Olaf J.; Kurtz, Charles; Chapman, Karena W.; Chupas, Peter J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Allan, Phoebe K.; Grey, Clare P.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Lensfield Rd, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England. RP Chapman, KW; Chupas, PJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM chapmank@aps.anl.gov; chupas@aps.anl.gov OI Kurtz, Charles/0000-0003-2606-0864 FU NorthEast Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES), an Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012583]; DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Gonville and Caius College; University of Cambridge FX This research was supported as part of the NorthEast Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under award No. DE-SC0012583. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. PKA acknowledges a Junior Research Fellowship from Gonville and Caius College and an Oppenheimer Fellowship from the University of Cambridge. The authors thank Elizabeth K. Humphreys for useful discussions. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 13 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1600-5767 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 BP 1665 EP 1673 DI 10.1107/S1600576716012632 PN 5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA EC7XQ UT WOS:000388354800030 ER PT J AU Whitfield, PS Coelho, AA AF Whitfield, Pamela S. Coelho, Alan A. TI Asymmetric band flipping for time-of-flight neutron diffraction data SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE time of flight; charge flipping; structure solution; neutron diffraction ID CHARGE; ALGORITHM; SPACE AB Charge flipping with powder diffraction data is known to produce a result more reliably with high-resolution data, i.e. visible reflections at small d spacings. Such data are readily accessible with the neutron time-of-flight technique but the assumption that negative scattering density is nonphysical is no longer valid where elements with negative scattering lengths are present. The concept of band flipping was introduced in the literature, where a negative threshold is used in addition to a positive threshold during the flipping. However, it was not tested with experimental data at the time. Band flipping has been implemented in TOPAS together with the band modification of low-density elimination and tested with experimental powder and Laue single-crystal neutron data. C1 [Whitfield, Pamela S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Coelho, Alan A.] 72 Cedar St, Brisbane, Qld 4178, Australia. RP Whitfield, PS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM whitfieldps@ornl.gov RI Whitfield, Pamela/P-1885-2015 OI Whitfield, Pamela/0000-0002-6569-1143 FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We would like to thank Professors Peter Stephens (SUNY, USA) and Joel Miller (Utah, USA) for permission to use the data from Mn(TCNE)2 in testing the method. Additionally we would like to thank the instrument scientists on the TOPAZ Laue diffractometer at SNS, Christina Hoffman and Xiaoping Wang, for allowing us to use the data from the scolecite sample. A portion of this research at ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1600-5767 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 BP 1806 EP 1809 DI 10.1107/S1600576716011961 PN 5 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA EC7XQ UT WOS:000388354800044 ER PT J AU Zhang, PF Phipps, ME Goodwin, PM Werner, JH AF Zhang, Pengfei Phipps, Mary E. Goodwin, Peter M. Werner, James H. TI Light-sheet microscopy by confocal line scanning of dual-Bessel beams SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE fluorescence microscopy; three-dimensional microscopy; confocal microscopy ID ILLUMINATION MICROSCOPY; PLANE ILLUMINATION; DIFFRACTION-LIMIT; THICK MEDIA; LIVE; EXCITATION; EMBRYOS; BRAIN; CELLS AB We have developed a light-sheet microscope that uses confocal scanning of dual-Bessel beams for illumination. A digital micromirror device (DMD) is placed in the intermediate image plane of the objective used to collect fluorescence and is programmed with two lines of pixels in the "on" state such that the DMD functions as a spatial filter to reject the out-of-focus background generated by the side-lobes of the Bessel beams. The optical sectioning and out-of-focus background rejection capabilities of this microscope were demonstrated by imaging of fluorescently stained actin in human A431 cells. The dual-Bessel beam system enables twice as many photons to be detected per imaging scan, which is useful for low light applications (e.g., single-molecule localization) or imaging at high speed with a superior signal to noise. While demonstrated for two Bessel beams, this approach is scalable to a larger number of beams. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Zhang, Pengfei] Washington Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Opt Imaging Lab, One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Phipps, Mary E.; Goodwin, Peter M.; Werner, James H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Werner, JH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jwerner@lanl.gov FU Los Alamos Laboratory Research and Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported through the Los Alamos Laboratory Research and Development Program and was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 EI 1560-2281 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 21 IS 10 AR 100502 DI 10.1117/1.JBO.21.10.100502 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EC5YN UT WOS:000388213300002 ER PT J AU Viner, B Parker, M Maze, G Varnedoe, P Leclerc, M Starr, G Aubrey, D Zhang, G Duarte, H AF Viner, B. Parker, M. Maze, G. Varnedoe, P. Leclerc, M. Starr, G. Aubrey, D. Zhang, G. Duarte, H. TI Intermediate time scale response of atmospheric CO2 following prescribed fire in a longleaf pine forest SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE prescribed fire; carbon cycle; AmeriFlux ID BOREAL FOREST; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; WATER-VAPOR; FLUXES; DYNAMICS; HEAT AB Fire plays an essential role in maintaining the structure and function of longleaf pine ecosystems. While the effects of fire on carbon cycle have been measured in previous studies for short periods during a burn and for multiyear periods following the burn, information on how carbon cycle is influenced by such changes over the span of a few weeks to months has yet to be quantified. We have analyzed high-frequency measurements of CO2 concentration and flux, as well as associated micrometeorological variables, at three levels of the tall Aiken AmeriFlux tower during and after a prescribed burn. Measurements of the CO2 concentration and vertical fluxes were examined as well as calculated net ecosystem exchange (NEE) for periods prior to and after the burn. Large spikes in both CO2 concentration and CO2 flux during the fire and increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration and reduced CO2 flux were observed for several weeks following the burn, particularly below the forest canopy. Both CO2 measurements and NEE were found to return to their preburn states within 60-90days following the burn when no statistical significance was found between preburn and postburn NEE. This study examines the micrometeorological conditions during a low-intensity prescribed burn and its short-term effects on local CO2 dynamics in a forested environment by identifying observable impacts on local measurements of atmospheric CO2 concentration and fluxes. C1 [Viner, B.; Parker, M.; Maze, G.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Varnedoe, P.] United States Forest Serv Savannah River, New Ellenton, SC USA. [Leclerc, M.; Zhang, G.; Duarte, H.] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Griffin, GA USA. [Starr, G.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Aubrey, D.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. [Aubrey, D.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA USA. RP Viner, B (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM Brian.viner@srnl.doe.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470]; DOE Office of Science-Terrestrial Carbon Processes program; Department of Energy [DE-EM0004391]; U.S. Government FX The authors would like to thank the reviewers who provided comments and contributed to improving this paper. This document was prepared in conjunction with work accomplished under contract DE-AC09-08SR22470 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Partial funding was provided by the DOE Office of Science-Terrestrial Carbon Processes program. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-EM0004391 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. We note that there are no data sharing issues since all of the numerical information analyzed in this paper is provided in the figures. This work was prepared under an agreement with and funded by the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S. Government or its employees nor any of its contractors, subcontractors, or their employees makes any express or implied (1) warranty or assumes any legal liability for the accuracy, completeness, or for the use or results of such use of any information, product, or process disclosed; (2) representation that such use or results of such use would not infringe privately owned rights; or (3) endorsement or recommendation of any specifically identified commercial product, process, or service. Any views and opinions of authors expressed in this work do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, its contractors, or subcontractors. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 121 IS 10 BP 2745 EP 2760 DI 10.1002/2016JG003351 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA EC0FV UT WOS:000387774900016 ER PT J AU Huggel, C Wallimann-Helmer, I Stone, D Cramer, W AF Huggel, Christian Wallimann-Helmer, Ivo Stone, Daithi Cramer, Wolfgang TI Reconciling justice and attribution research to advance climate policy SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CHANGE IMPACTS; EXTREME INDEXES; WINE INDUSTRY; DAMAGE; RESPONSIBILITY; ADAPTATION; EVENTS; ETHICS; RISK AB The Paris Climate Agreement is an important step for international climate policy, but the compensation for negative effects of climate change based on clear assignment of responsibilities remains highly debated. From both a policy and a science perspective, it is unclear how responsibilities should be defined and on what evidence base. We explore different normative principles of justice relevant to climate change impacts, and ask how different forms of causal evidence of impacts drawn from detection and attribution research could inform policy approaches in accordance with justice considerations. We reveal a procedural injustice based on the imbalance of observations and knowledge of impacts between developed and developing countries. This type of injustice needs to be considered in policy negotiations and decisions, and efforts strengthened to reduce it. C1 [Huggel, Christian] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Wallimann-Helmer, Ivo] Univ Zurich, Ctr Eth, Adv Studies Appl Eth, Zollikerstr 117, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. [Stone, Daithi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 50F1650, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cramer, Wolfgang] Avignon Univ, Inst Mediterraneen Biodivers & Ecol Marine & Cont, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS,IRD, Technopole Arbois Mediterranee,Bat Villemin BP 80, F-13545 Aix En Provence 04, France. RP Huggel, C (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM christian.huggel@geo.uzh.ch RI Cramer, Wolfgang/B-8221-2008 OI Cramer, Wolfgang/0000-0002-9205-5812 FU Executive Board of the University of Zurich; Faculty of Science of the University of Zurich; Stiftung Mercator Switzerland; University of Zurich's Research Priority Program for Ethics (URPP Ethics); US Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; French government through the AstarMIDEX project [ANR-11-LABX-0061, ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02] FX C.H. was supported by strategic funds by the Executive Board and Faculty of Science of the University of Zurich. I.W.-H. acknowledges financial support by the Stinting Mercator Switzerland and the University of Zurich's Research Priority Program for Ethics (URPP Ethics). D.S. was supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. WC. contributes to the Labex OT-Med (no. ANR-11-LABX-0061) funded by the French government through the AstarMIDEX project (no. ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02). We furthermore appreciate the collaboration with G. Hansen on the analysis of the distribution of climate change impacts. NR 96 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 901 EP 908 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3104 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC7CG UT WOS:000388292800011 ER PT J AU Schadel, C Bader, MKF Schuur, EAG Biasi, C Bracho, R Capek, P De Baets, S Diakova, K Ernakovich, J Estop-Aragones, C Graham, DE Hartley, IP Iversen, CM Kane, ES Knoblauch, C Lupascu, M Martikainen, PJ Natali, SM Norby, RJ O'Donnell, JA Chowdhury, TR Santruckova, H Shaver, G Sloan, VL Treat, CC Turetsky, MR Waldrop, MP Wickland, KP AF Schadel, Christina Bader, Martin K. -F. Schuur, Edward A. G. Biasi, Christina Bracho, Rosvel Capek, Petr De Baets, Sarah Diakova, Katerina Ernakovich, Jessica Estop-Aragones, Cristian Graham, David E. Hartley, Iain P. Iversen, Colleen M. Kane, Evan S. Knoblauch, Christian Lupascu, Massimo Martikainen, Pertti J. Natali, Susan M. Norby, Richard J. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Chowdhury, Taniya Roy Santruckova, Hana Shaver, Gaius Sloan, Victoria L. Treat, Claire C. Turetsky, Merritt R. Waldrop, Mark P. Wickland, Kimberly P. TI Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID METAANALYSIS; RESPIRATION; TUNDRA AB Increasing temperatures in northern high latitudes are causing permafrost to thaw(1), making large amounts of previously frozen organic matter vulnerable to microbial decomposition(2). Permafrost thaw also creates a fragmented landscape of drier and wetter soil conditions(3,4) that determine the amount and form (carbon dioxide (CO2), or methane (CH4)) of carbon (C) released to the atmosphere. The rate and form of C release control the magnitude of the permafrost C feedback, so their relative contribution with a warming climate remains unclear(5,6). We quantified the effect of increasing temperature and changes from aerobic to anaerobic soil conditions using 25 soil incubation studies from the permafrost zone. Here we show, using two separate meta-analyses, that a 10 degrees C increase in incubation temperature increased C release by a factor of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8 to 2.2). Under aerobic incubation conditions, soils released 3.4 (95% CI, 2.2 to 5.2) times more C than under anaerobic conditions. Even when accounting for the higher heat trapping capacity of CH4, soils released 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4) times more C under aerobic conditions. These results imply that permafrost ecosystems thawing under aerobic conditions and releasing CO2 will strengthen the permafrost C feedback more than waterlogged systems releasing CO2 and CH4 for a given amount of C. C1 [Schadel, Christina; Schuur, Edward A. G.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Bader, Martin K. -F.] New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. [Biasi, Christina; Martikainen, Pertti J.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, Kuopio 70211, Finland. [Bracho, Rosvel] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bracho, Rosvel] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Capek, Petr; Diakova, Katerina; Santruckova, Hana] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [De Baets, Sarah; Estop-Aragones, Cristian; Hartley, Iain P.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Ernakovich, Jessica] CSIRO Agr, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia. [Estop-Aragones, Cristian] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada. [Graham, David E.; Chowdhury, Taniya Roy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Iversen, Colleen M.; Norby, Richard J.; Sloan, Victoria L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Iversen, Colleen M.; Norby, Richard J.; Sloan, Victoria L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kane, Evan S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Schc Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 39931 USA. [Knoblauch, Christian] Univ Hamburg, Inst Soil Sci, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Lupascu, Massimo] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Geog, Singapore 119077, Singapore. [Natali, Susan M.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [O'Donnell, Jonathan A.] Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. [Shaver, Gaius] Marine Biol Lab, Ecosyst Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Treat, Claire C.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Northern Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Turetsky, Merritt R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Waldrop, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Wickland, Kimberly P.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Schadel, C (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM christina.schaedel@nau.edu RI Biasi, Christina/E-1130-2013; Knoblauch, Christian/L-6776-2015; OI Biasi, Christina/0000-0002-7413-3354; Knoblauch, Christian/0000-0002-7147-1008; Bader, Martin Karl-Friedrich/0000-0002-3742-9762; Wickland, Kimberly/0000-0002-6400-0590; Ernakovich, Jessica/0000-0002-4493-2489 FU National Science Foundation Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon Research Coordination Network [955713]; National Science Foundation Research Synthesis, and Knowledge Transfer in a Changing Arctic: Science Support for the Study of Environmental Arctic Change Grant [1331083]; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science (TES) Program [DF-SC0006982]; UK Natural Environment Research Council [NE/K000179/1]; German Research Foundation (DFG, Excellence cluster CliSAP); Department of Ecosystem Biology; Grant agency of South Bohemian University [146/2013/P, 146/2013/D]; National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [1312402]; National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [0423385, 1026843]; Biological and Environmental Research programme in the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; European Union [FP-7-ENV-2011, 282700]; Academy of Finland [132 043]; Academy of Finland (part of the European Union Joint Programming Initiative, JPI Climate) [291691]; University of Eastern Finland (project EWER); Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation; Nordic Center of Excellence FX We would like to thank B. Robinson for assistance with meta-data extraction and J. Barta and I. Kohoutova for help with generating incubation data. Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon Research Coordination Network Grant no. 955713 with continued support from the National Science Foundation Research Synthesis, and Knowledge Transfer in a Changing Arctic: Science Support for the Study of Environmental Arctic Change Grant no. 1331083. Author contributions were also supported by grants to individuals: Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science (TES) Program (DF-SC0006982) to E.A.G.S.; UK Natural Environment Research Council funding to I.P.H. and C.E.-A. (NE/K000179/1); German Research Foundation (DFG, Excellence cluster CliSAP) to C.K; Department of Ecosystem Biology; Grant agency of South Bohemian University, GAJU project, no. 146/2013/P and GAJU project no. 146/2013/D to H.S.; National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs (1312402) to S.M.N.; National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology (0423385) and National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology (1026843), both to the Marine Biological Laboratory; Woods Hole, Massachusetts; additionally, the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments in the Arctic (NGEE Arctic) project is supported by the Biological and Environmental Research programme in the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is massaged by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under Contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Support for C.B. came from European Union (FP-7-ENV-2011, project PAGE21, contract no. 282700), Academy of Finland (project CryoN, decision no. :132 043), Academy of Finland (project COUP, decision no. 291691; part of the European Union Joint Programming Initiative, JPI Climate), strategic funding of the University of Eastern Finland (project EWER) and Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation and for P.J.M. from Nordic Center of Excellence (project DeFROST). NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 52 U2 52 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 950 EP + DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3054 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC7CG UT WOS:000388292800019 ER PT J AU Mao, JF Ribes, A Yan, BY Shi, XY Thornton, PE Seferian, R Ciais, P Myneni, RB Douville, H Piao, SL Zhu, ZC Dickinson, RE Dai, YJ Ricciuto, DM Jin, MZ Hoffman, FM Wang, B Huang, MT Lian, X AF Mao, Jiafu Ribes, Aurelien Yan, Binyan Shi, Xiaoying Thornton, Peter E. Seferian, Roland Ciais, Philippe Myneni, Ranga B. Douville, Herve Piao, Shilong Zhu, Zaichun Dickinson, Robert E. Dai, Yongjiu Ricciuto, Daniel M. Jin, Mingzhou Hoffman, Forrest M. Wang, Bin Huang, Mengtian Lian, Xu TI Human-induced greening of the northern extratropical land surface SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; EARTH SYSTEM MODELS; VEGETATION INDEX; PART I; NDVI3G; VARIABILITY; PHENOLOGY; SIGNAL AB Significant land greening in the northern extratropical latitudes (NEL) has been documented through satellite observations during the past three decades(1-5). This enhanced vegetation growth has broad implications for surface energy, water and carbon budgets, and ecosystem services across multiple scales(6-8). Discernible human impacts on the Earth's climate system have been revealed by using statistical frameworks of detection-attribution(9-11). These impacts, however, were not previously identified on the NEL greening signal, owing to the lack of long-term observational records, possible bias of satellite data, different algorithms used to calculate vegetation greenness, and the lack of suitable simulations from coupled Earth system models (ESMs). Here we have overcome these challenges to attribute recent changes in NEL vegetation activity. We used two 30-year-long remote-sensing-based leaf area index (LAI) data sets(12,13), simulations from 19 coupled ESMs with interactive vegetation, and a formal detection and attribution algorithm(14,15). Our findings reveal that the observed greening record is consistent with an assumption of anthropogenic forcings, where greenhouse gases play a dominant role, but is not consistent with simulations that include only natural forcings and internal climate variability. These results provide the first clear evidence of a discernible human fingerprint on physiological vegetation changes other than phenology and range shifts(11). C1 [Mao, Jiafu; Shi, Xiaoying; Thornton, Peter E.; Ricciuto, Daniel M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mao, Jiafu; Shi, Xiaoying; Thornton, Peter E.; Ricciuto, Daniel M.; Hoffman, Forrest M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ribes, Aurelien; Seferian, Roland; Douville, Herve] Meteo France, CNRS, 42 Ave Gaspard Coriolis, F-31057 Toulouse, France. [Yan, Binyan; Dickinson, Robert E.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ciais, Philippe] LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Myneni, Ranga B.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Piao, Shilong; Zhu, Zaichun; Huang, Mengtian; Lian, Xu] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Sino French Inst Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Piao, Shilong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Key Lab Alpine Ecol & Biodivers, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. [Piao, Shilong] CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. [Dai, Yongjiu] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Jin, Mingzhou] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hoffman, Forrest M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Bin] Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Numer Modeling Atmospher Sci & Geop, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Wang, Bin] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Mao, JF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Mao, JF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM maoj@ornl.gov RI Hoffman, Forrest/B-8667-2012; Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012; Mao, Jiafu/B-9689-2012; Thornton, Peter/B-9145-2012; Ricciuto, Daniel/I-3659-2016; Dai, Yongjiu/D-6261-2014 OI Hoffman, Forrest/0000-0001-5802-4134; Mao, Jiafu/0000-0002-2050-7373; Thornton, Peter/0000-0002-4759-5158; Ricciuto, Daniel/0000-0002-3668-3021; Dai, Yongjiu/0000-0002-3588-6644 FU Biogeochemistry-Climate Feedbacks Scientific Focus Area project through the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program; Biogeochemistry-Climate Feedbacks Scientific Focus Area project through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program; Accelerated Climate Modeling for Energy project, in the Climate and Environmental Sciences Division (CESD) of the Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Program in the US Department of Energy-Office of Science; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR222725]; Fondation STAE, via the project Chavana; European Unions [641816]; NASA Earth Science Division; National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB441302]; ERC SyG project IMBALANCE-P Effects of phosphorus limitations on Life, Earth system and Society [610028] FX This work is supported by the Biogeochemistry-Climate Feedbacks Scientific Focus Area project funded through the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program, and the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Scientific Focus Area project funded through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program, with additional support from the Accelerated Climate Modeling for Energy project, in the Climate and Environmental Sciences Division (CESD) of the Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Program in the US Department of Energy-Office of Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-BATTELLE for DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR222725. This work is supported in part by the Fondation STAE, via the project Chavana. R.S. thanks the H2020 project CRESCENDO 'Coordinated Research in Earth Systems and Climate, Experiments, kNowledge, Dissemination and Outreach; which received funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 641816. R.B.M. is supported by NASA Earth Science Division through MODIS and VIIRS grants. B.W. is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant no. 2014CB441302). P.C. thanks the ERC SyG project IMBALANCE-P Effects of phosphorus limitations on Life, Earth system and Society Grant agreement no. 610028. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 22 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 959 EP + DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3056 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC7CG UT WOS:000388292800021 ER PT J AU Yang, J Huang, G Du, Q Doolittle, L Byrd, J AF Yang, Jin Huang, Gang Du, Qiang Doolittle, Lawrence Byrd, John TI ADC evaluation boards design and test framework for LCLS-II precision receiver SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE Precision acquisition; LLRF; LTC2174; AD9268; ADC; Framework AB In the low-level RF control field, ADC acquisition accuracy and noise set the boundary of our control ability, making it important to develop low-noise acquisition systems. From the design to test stage, all the noise terms should be understood and characterized. The specific need addressed here is the precision acquisition system for the second Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS-II), led by SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Test circuit boards for the LTC2174 and AD9268 ADCs are designed and fabricated by LBNL. An ADC test framework based on FPGA evaluation board to assess performance has been developed. The ADC test framework includes both DSP (Digital Signal Processing) firmware and processing software. It is useful for low-level RF control and other synchronization projects. Investigating the clock jitter between two channels give us an understanding of that noise source. Working with the test framework, the raw ADC data are transferred to a computer through a Gigabit Ethernet interface. Then short-term error signal can be calculated based on a sine wave fit. By changing low-pass filter bandwidth, relative long-term performance can also be obtained. Amplitude jitter and differential phase jitter are the key issues for ADCs. This paper will report the test results for LTC2174 and AD9268 chips. The integral amplitude jitter is smaller than 0.003 %, and the integral phase noise is smaller than 0: 0015 degrees (measured at 47 MHz RF, 100 MHz clock, bandwidth 1 Hz to 100 kHz) for both ADC chips. C1 [Yang, Jin; Huang, Gang; Du, Qiang; Doolittle, Lawrence; Byrd, John] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, Jin] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Huang, G (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ghuang@lbl.gov FU US. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; China Scholarship Council FX This work was supported by the US. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231) and the China Scholarship Council. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER SINGAPORE PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA #04-01 CENCON I, 1 TANNERY RD, SINGAPORE 347719, SINGAPORE SN 1001-8042 EI 2210-3147 J9 NUCL SCI TECH JI Nucl. Sci. Tech. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 27 IS 5 AR 118 DI 10.1007/s41365-016-0120-8 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA ED0CN UT WOS:000388510700015 ER PT J AU Lin, F Manisseri, C Fagerstrom, A Peck, ML Vega-Sanchez, ME Williams, B Chiniquy, DM Saha, P Pattathil, S Conlin, B Zhu, L Hahn, MG Willats, WGT Scheller, HV Ronald, PC Bartley, LE AF Lin, Fan Manisseri, Chithra Fagerstrom, Alexandra Peck, Matthew L. Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E. Williams, Brian Chiniquy, Dawn M. Saha, Prasenjit Pattathil, Sivakumar Conlin, Brian Zhu, Lan Hahn, Michael G. Willats, William G. T. Scheller, Henrik V. Ronald, Pamela C. Bartley, Laura E. TI Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acyltransferase; Cell wall; Glycosyltransferase; Grass; Mixed linkage glucan; Oryza sativa; Xylan ID MIXED-LINKAGE GLUCAN; HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACID CONTENT; ZEA-MAYS L.; BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; UDP-ARABINOPYRANOSE; XYLAN BIOSYNTHESIS; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN AB Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology. However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure. To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv. Kitaake) at 10 developmental time points, 3-100 d post-germination. Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands. We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice. Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls. We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components. This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture. C1 [Lin, Fan; Peck, Matthew L.; Saha, Prasenjit; Bartley, Laura E.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Manisseri, Chithra; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Williams, Brian; Chiniquy, Dawn M.; Conlin, Brian; Scheller, Henrik V.; Ronald, Pamela C.; Bartley, Laura E.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Manisseri, Chithra; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Scheller, Henrik V.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Syst & Engn Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fagerstrom, Alexandra; Willats, William G. T.; Ronald, Pamela C.; Bartley, Laura E.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Williams, Brian; Chiniquy, Dawn M.; Conlin, Brian] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Williams, Brian; Chiniquy, Dawn M.; Conlin, Brian] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.] Monsanto Co, Chesterfield Village Campus, Chesterfield, MO 63017 USA. [Pattathil, Sivakumar; Hahn, Michael G.] Univ Georgia, Bioenergy Sci Ctr, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zhu, Lan] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Stat, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Scheller, Henrik V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bartley, LE (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Bartley, LE (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.; Bartley, LE (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. EM lbartley@ou.edu RI Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008 OI Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560 FU US National Science Foundation [EPS-0814361, 0923247]; US Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-SC006904]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [2010-38502-21836]; US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program [DBI-0421683, IOB-0923992]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation [grant Nos. EPS-0814361 and 0923247]; the US Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-SC006904]; the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture [2010-38502-21836]; the US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program [Awards DBI-0421683 and IOB-0923992 to M.G.H. for the glycome profiling analyses and the generation of the CCRC series of glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies used in this work]; the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [for the work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute supportede through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy]. The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. NR 131 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 EI 1471-9053 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 2058 EP 2075 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcw125 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA EC8ET UT WOS:000388374100005 PM 27481893 ER PT J AU Zhang, M Cao, X Jia, QL Ohlrogge, J AF Zhang, Meng Cao, Xia Jia, Qingli Ohlrogge, John TI FUSCA3 activates triacylglycerol accumulation in Arabidopsis seedlings and tobacco BY2 cells SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE FUSCA3; triacylglycerol; vegetative tissue; microarray; arabidopsis; tobacco ID FATTY-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; SEED OIL PRODUCTION; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; ABSCISIC-ACID; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; LEAFY COTYLEDON2; OVER-EXPRESSION; GENE-EXPRESSION; KEY REGULATOR; MATURATION AB Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the main storage lipid in plant seeds and the major form of plant oil used for food and, increasingly, for industrial and biofuel applications. Several transcription factors, including FUSCA3 (At3 g26790, FUS3), are associated with embryo maturation and oil biosynthesis in seeds. However, the ability of FUS3 to increase TAG biosynthesis in other tissues has not been quantitatively examined. Here, we evaluated the ability of FUS3 to activate TAG accumulation in non-seed tissues. Overexpression of FUS3 driven by an estradiol-inducible promoter increased oil contents in Arabidopsis seedlings up to 6% of dry weight; more than 50-fold over controls. Eicosenoic acid, a characteristic fatty acid of Arabidopsis seed oil, accumulated to over 20% of fatty acids in cotyledons and leaves. These large increases depended on added sucrose, although without sucrose TAG increased three-to four-fold. Inducing the expression of FUS3 in tobacco BY2 cells also increased TAG accumulation, and co-expression of FUS3 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) further increased TAG levels to 4% of dry weight. BY2 cell growth was not altered by FUS3 expression, although Arabidopsis seedling development was impaired, consistent with the ability of FUS3 to induce embryo characteristics in non-seed tissues. Microarrays of Arabidopsis seedlings revealed that FUS3 overexpression increased the expression of a higher proportion of genes involved in TAG biosynthesis than genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis or other lipid pathways. Together these results provide additional insights into FUS3 functions in TAG metabolism and suggest complementary strategies for engineering vegetative oil accumulation. C1 [Zhang, Meng; Jia, Qingli] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Agron, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Meng; Cao, Xia; Ohlrogge, John] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhang, Meng; Cao, Xia; Ohlrogge, John] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cao, Xia] Bayer CropSci, 3500 Paramount Pkwy, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Zhang, M (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Agron, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Zhang, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Zhang, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM zhangm@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU United States Department of Education (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31270295] FX We thank Christoph Benning and Mike Pollard (both of Michigan State University) for their helpful discussions and suggestions during this study and Adam Rice (Michigan State University) for his assistance with BY2 analysis. We thank Weili Yang (Michigan State University) for critical reading of the manuscript and for suggestions. We also thank Alicia Pastor (Michigan State University) for TEM sample dissection and Nam-Hai Chua (The Rockefeller University) for the gift of the pMDC7 vector. This work was funded in part by the United States Department of Education (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31270295). NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 19 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 88 IS 1 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.1111/tpj.13233 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EC9CS UT WOS:000388442100008 PM 27288837 ER PT J AU Ma, W Kong, Q Mantyla, JJ Yang, Y Ohlrogge, JB Benning, C AF Ma, Wei Kong, Que Mantyla, Jenny J. Yang, Yang Ohlrogge, John B. Benning, Christoph TI 14-3-3 protein mediates plant seed oil biosynthesis through interaction with AtWRI1 SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; transcription factor; plant oil biosynthesis; protein stability; protein-protein interaction; 14-3-3 ID FATTY-ACID-METABOLISM; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; WRINKLED1 AFFECTS; ARABIDOPSIS; 14-3-3-PROTEINS; LOCALIZATION; EXPRESSION; PHOSPHORYLATION; GERMINATION AB Plant 14-3-3 proteins are phosphopeptide-binding proteins, belonging to a large family of proteins involved in numerous physiological processes including primary metabolism, although knowledge about the function of 14-3-3s in plant lipid metabolism is sparse. WRINKLED1 (WRI1) is a key transcription factor that governs plant oil biosynthesis. At present, AtWRI1-interacting partners remain largely unknown. Here, we show that 14-3-3 proteins are able to interact with AtWRI1, both in yeast and plant cells. Transient co-expression of 14-3-3- and AtWRI1-encoding cDNAs led to increased oil biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Stable transgenic plants overproducing a 14-3-3 protein also displayed increased seed oil content. Co-production of a 14-3-3 protein with AtWRI1 enhanced the transcriptional activity of AtWRI1. The 14-3-3 protein was found to increase the stability of AtWRI1. A possible 14-3-3 binding motif was identified in one of the two AP2 domains of AtWRI1, which was also found to be critical for the interaction of AtWRI1 with an E3 ligase linker protein. Thus, we hypothesize a regulatory mechanism by which the binding of 14-3-3 to AtWRI1 interferes with the interaction of AtWRI1 and the E3 ligase, thereby protecting AtWRI1 from degradation. Taken together, our studies identified AtWRI1 as a client of 14-3-3 proteins and provide insights into a role of 14-3-3 in mediating plant oil biosynthesis. C1 [Ma, Wei; Ohlrogge, John B.; Benning, Christoph] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ma, Wei; Kong, Que; Yang, Yang; Ohlrogge, John B.; Benning, Christoph] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ma, Wei; Kong, Que; Yang, Yang; Benning, Christoph] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kong, Que; Mantyla, Jenny J.; Yang, Yang; Benning, Christoph] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Ma, W (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Ma, W (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Ma, W (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM mawei@msu.edu FU Department of Energy-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX The authors thank Eva Farre for advice on the protein stability assay, and Melinda Frame (MSU Center for Advanced Microscopy) for confocal microscopy experiments. This work was supported by Department of Energy-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Cooperative Agreement DE-FC02-07ER64494 (C.B. and J.B.O.). NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 88 IS 2 BP 228 EP 235 DI 10.1111/tpj.13244 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EC9CU UT WOS:000388442300006 PM 27322486 ER PT J AU Tian, JH Lopez, CA Derdeyn, CA Jones, MS Pinter, A Korber, B Gnanakaran, S AF Tian, Jianhui Lopez, Cesar A. Derdeyn, Cynthia A. Jones, Morris S. Pinter, Abraham Korber, Bette Gnanakaran, S. TI Effect of Glycosylation on an Immunodominant Region in the V1V2 Variable Domain of the HIV-1 Envelope gp120 Protein SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION; BROADLY NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; EXCHANGE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DISULFIDE BONDS; SYNTHETIC GLYCOPEPTIDES; GLYCOPROTEIN STRUCTURE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; FOLDING KINETICS; VACCINE DESIGN; V1/V2 DOMAIN AB Heavy glycosylation of the envelope (Env) surface subunit, gp120, is a key adaptation of HIV-1; however, the precise effects of glycosylation on the folding, conformation and dynamics of this protein are poorly understood. Here we explore the patterns of HIV-1 Env gp120 glycosylation, and particularly the enrichment in glycosylation sites proximal to the disulfide linkages at the base of the surface-exposed variable domains. To dissect the influence of glycans on the conformation these regions, we focused on an antigenic peptide fragment from a disulfide bridge-bounded region spanning the V1 and V2 hyper-variable domains of HIV-1 gp120. We used replica exchange molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate how glycosylation influences its conformation and stability. Simulations were performed with and without N-linked glycosylation at two sites that are highly conserved across HIV-1 isolates (N156 and N160); both are contacts for recognition by V1V2-targeted broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1. Glycosylation stabilized the pre-existing conformations of this peptide construct, reduced its propensity to adopt other secondary structures, and provided resistance against thermal unfolding. Simulations performed in the context of the Env trimer also indicated that glycosylation reduces flexibility of the V1V2 region, and provided insight into glycan-glycan interactions in this region. These stabilizing effects were influenced by a combination of factors, including the presence of a disulfide bond between the Cysteines at 131 and 157, which increased the formation of beta-strands. Together, these results provide a mechanism for conservation of disulfide linkage proximal glycosylation adjacent to the variable domains of gp120 and begin to explain how this could be exploited to enhance the immunogenicity of those regions. These studies suggest that glycopeptide immunogens can be designed to stabilize the most relevant Env conformations to focus the immune response on key neutralizing epitopes. C1 [Tian, Jianhui; Lopez, Cesar A.; Korber, Bette; Gnanakaran, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Tian, Jianhui] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biomol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Derdeyn, Cynthia A.] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Derdeyn, Cynthia A.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jones, Morris S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pinter, Abraham] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. RP Gnanakaran, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM gnana@lanl.gov FU NIH [P01AI088610, R01-AI-58706]; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVI-ID) of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) [UM1-AI100645]; Los Alamos LDRD program FX This work was supported by NIH grants P01AI088610, R01-AI-58706 (CAD), and the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery (CHAVI-ID; UM1-AI100645) of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases;), and the Los Alamos LDRD program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 AR e1005094 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005094 PG 33 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA EB8SC UT WOS:000387660200009 PM 27716795 ER PT J AU Wang, DF He, F Maslov, S Gerstein, M AF Wang, Daifeng He, Fei Maslov, Sergei Gerstein, Mark TI DREISS: Using State-Space Models to Infer the Dynamics of Gene Expression Driven by External and Internal Regulatory Networks SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; BIOINFORMATICS; EMBRYOGENESIS; EVOLUTION; EMBRYO AB Gene expression is controlled by the combinatorial effects of regulatory factors from different biological subsystems such as general transcription factors (TFs), cellular growth factors and microRNAs. A subsystem's gene expression may be controlled by its internal regulatory factors, exclusively, or by external subsystems, or by both. It is thus useful to distinguish the degree to which a subsystem is regulated internally or externally-e.g., how non-conserved, species-specific TFs affect the expression of conserved, cross-species genes during evolution. We developed a computational method (DREISS, dreiss. gerteinlab.org) for analyzing the Dynamics of gene expression driven by Regulatory networks, both External and Internal based on State Space models. Given a subsystem, the "state" and "control" in the model refer to its own (internal) and another subsystem's (external) gene expression levels. The state at a given time is determined by the state and control at a previous time. Because typical time-series data do not have enough samples to fully estimate the model's parameters, DREISS uses dimensionality reduction, and identifies canonical temporal expression trajectories (e.g., degradation, growth and oscillation) representing the regulatory effects emanating from various subsystems. To demonstrate capabilities of DREISS, we study the regulatory effects of evolutionarily conserved vs. divergent TFs across distant species. In particular, we applied DREISS to the time-series gene expression datasets of C. elegans and D. melanogaster during their embryonic development. We analyzed the expression dynamics of the conserved, orthologous genes (orthologs), seeing the degree to which these can be accounted for by orthologous (internal) versus species-specific (external) TFs. We found that between two species, the orthologs have matched, internally driven expression patterns but very different externally driven ones. This is particularly true for genes with evolutionarily ancient functions (e.g. the ribosomal proteins), in contrast to those with more recently evolved functions (e.g., cell-cell communication). This suggests that despite striking morphological differences, some fundamental embryonic-developmental processes are still controlled by ancient regulatory systems. C1 [Wang, Daifeng] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Informat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Wang, Daifeng] Stony Brook Med, Stony Brook Canc Ctr, Stony Brook, NY USA. [He, Fei; Maslov, Sergei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Maslov, Sergei] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL USA. [Maslov, Sergei] Univ Illinois, Carl R Woese Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL USA. [Gerstein, Mark] Yale Univ, Program Computat Biol & Bioinformat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Gerstein, Mark] Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, POB 6666, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Gerstein, Mark] Yale Univ, Dept Comp Sci, POB 2158, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Gerstein, M (reprint author), Yale Univ, Program Computat Biol & Bioinformat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.; Gerstein, M (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, POB 6666, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.; Gerstein, M (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Comp Sci, POB 2158, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM mark@gersteinlab.org OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X; He, Fei/0000-0002-1165-3248 FU National Institute of Health [HG007355-04] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Health fund, HG007355-04. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 AR e1005146 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005146 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA EB8SC UT WOS:000387660200028 PM 27760135 ER PT J AU Moussa, JE AF Moussa, Jonathan E. TI QUANTUM CIRCUITS FOR QUBIT FUSION SO QUANTUM INFORMATION & COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATION; ALGORITHM AB We consider four-dimensional qudits as qubit pairs and their qudit Pauli operators as qubit Clifford operators. This introduces a nesting, C-1(2) subset of C-2(4) subset of C-3(2), where C-n(m) is the nth level of the m-dimensional qudit Clifford hierarchy. If we can convert between logical qubits and qudits, then qudit Clifford operators are qubit non-Clifford operators. Conversion is achieved by qubit fusion and qudit fission using stabilizer circuits that consume a resource state. This resource is a fused qubit stabilizer state with a fault tolerant state preparation using stabilizer circuits. C1 [Moussa, Jonathan E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Res Comp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Moussa, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Res Comp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU RINTON PRESS, INC PI PARAMUS PA 565 EDMUND TERRACE, PARAMUS, NJ 07652 USA SN 1533-7146 J9 QUANTUM INF COMPUT JI Quantum Inform. Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 13-14 BP 1113 EP 1124 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA EC8EK UT WOS:000388373000003 ER PT J AU Somma, RD AF Somma, Rolando D. TI QUANTUM SIMULATIONS OF ONE DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM SYSTEMS SO QUANTUM INFORMATION & COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Quantum simulation; quantum algorithms ID ALGORITHMS AB We present quantum algorithms for the simulation of quantum systems in one spatial dimension, which result in quantum speedups that range from superpolynomial to polynomial. We first describe a method to simulate the evolution of the quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) based on a refined analysis of the Trotter-Suzuki formula that exploits the Lie algebra structure. For total evolution time t and precision is an element of > 0, the complexity of our method is O(exp(gamma root log(N/is an element of))), where gamma > 0 is a constant and N is the quantum number associated with an "energy cutoff" of the initial state. Remarkably, this complexity is subpolynomial in N/is an element of. We also provide a method to prepare discrete versions of the eigenstates of the QHO of complexity polynomial in log(N)/is an element of, where N is the dimension or number of points in the discretization. Next, we consider a system with a quartic potential. Our numerical simulations suggest a method for simulating the evolution of sublinear complexity (O) over tilde (N1/3+0(1)), for constant t and is an element of. We also analyze complex one-dimensional systems and prove a complexity bound (O) over tilde (N), under fairly general assumptions. Our quantum algorithms may find applications in other problems. As an example, we discuss a generalization of the Fourier transform that is useful for signal analysis and can be formulated in terms of the evolution of the QHO. C1 [Somma, Rolando D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Somma, RD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NSF through the CCF program; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at LANL FX We thank R. Cleve, S. Gharibian, N. Nguyen and A. Chowdhury for discussions. We acknowledge support from the NSF through the CCF program and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at LANL. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU RINTON PRESS, INC PI PARAMUS PA 565 EDMUND TERRACE, PARAMUS, NJ 07652 USA SN 1533-7146 J9 QUANTUM INF COMPUT JI Quantum Inform. Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 13-14 BP 1125 EP 1168 PG 44 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA EC8EK UT WOS:000388373000004 ER PT J AU Scardi, P Billinge, SJL Neder, R Cervellino, A AF Scardi, Paolo Billinge, Simon J. L. Neder, Reinhard Cervellino, Antonio TI Celebrating 100 years of the Debye scattering equation SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES LA English DT Editorial Material DE Editorial; P. Debye; Debye scattering equation; nanomaterials ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; GLASS C1 [Scardi, Paolo] Univ Trento, Trento, Italy. [Billinge, Simon J. L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Billinge, Simon J. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Neder, Reinhard] Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Staudtstr 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Cervellino, Antonio] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, Lab Synchrotron Radiat C, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Scardi, P (reprint author), Univ Trento, Trento, Italy.; Billinge, SJL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.; Billinge, SJL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM paolo.scardi@unitn.it; sb2896@columbia.edu RI Neder, Reinhard/D-9877-2013 OI Neder, Reinhard/0000-0003-2592-2207 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 2053-2733 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A PD OCT PY 2016 VL 72 BP 589 EP 590 DI 10.1107/S2053273316015680 PN 6 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA EB8XR UT WOS:000387675300001 PM 27809198 ER PT J AU Dippel, AC Jensen, KMO Tyrsted, C Bremholm, M Bojesen, ED Saha, D Birgisson, S Christensen, M Billinge, SJL Iversen, BB AF Dippel, Ann-Christin Jensen, Kirsten M. O. Tyrsted, Christoffer Bremholm, Martin Bojesen, Espen D. Saha, Dipankar Birgisson, Steinar Christensen, Mogens Billinge, Simon J. L. Iversen, Bo B. TI Towards atomistic understanding of polymorphism in the solvothermal synthesis of ZrO2 nanoparticles SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES LA English DT Article DE nanoparticles; pair distribution function; polymorphism; solvothermal synthesis; zirconia ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SITU TOTAL SCATTERING; POWDER DIFFRACTION; HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS; SUPERCRITICAL SYNTHESIS; MONOCLINIC ZIRCONIA; EVOLUTION; MECHANISMS; GROWTH; NANOCRYSTALS AB Varying atomic short-range order is correlated with the ratio of the monoclinic (m) to tetragonal (t) phase in ZrO2 nanoparticle formation by solvothermal methods. Reactions from Zr oxynitrate in supercritical methanol and Zr acetate in water (hydrothermal route) were studied in situ by X-ray total scattering. Irrespective of the Zr source and solvent, the structure of the precursor in solution consists of edge-shared tetramer chains. Upon heating, the nearest-neighbor Zr-O and Zr-Zr distances shorten initially while the medium-range connectivity is broken. Depending on the reaction conditions, the disordered intermediate transforms either rapidly into m-ZrO2, or more gradually into mixed m-and t-ZrO2 with a concurrent increase of the shortest Zr-Zr distance. In the hydrothermal case, the structural similarity of the amorphous intermediate and m-ZrO2 favors the formation of almost phase-pure m-ZrO2 nanoparticles with a size of 5 nm, considerably smaller than the often-cited critical size below which the tetragonal is assumed to be favoured. Pair distribution function analysis thus unravels ZrO2 phase formation on the atomic scale and in this way provides a major step towards understanding polymorphism of ZrO2 beyond empirical approaches. C1 [Dippel, Ann-Christin; Tyrsted, Christoffer; Bremholm, Martin; Bojesen, Espen D.; Saha, Dipankar; Birgisson, Steinar; Christensen, Mogens; Iversen, Bo B.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Mat Crystallog, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Dippel, Ann-Christin] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Jensen, Kirsten M. O.; Billinge, Simon J. L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Billinge, Simon J. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Iversen, BB (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Mat Crystallog, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. EM bo@chem.au.dk RI Saha, Dipankar/E-6043-2012; OI Saha, Dipankar/0000-0002-2197-2568; Jensen, Kirsten Marie Ornsbj/0000-0003-0291-217X FU Danish National Research Foundation (Center for Materials Crystallography) [DNRF93]; Danish Research Council for Nature and Universe (Danscatt); US Department of Energy Office [DE-SC00112704]; Villum Foundation FX We thank DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF), and the ESRF for beamtime. This work was supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Center for Materials Crystallography, DNRF93) and the Danish Research Council for Nature and Universe (Danscatt). Work in the Billinge group was funded by the US Department of Energy Office through grant No. DE-SC00112704. KMOJ acknowledges funding from the Villum Foundation. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 2053-2733 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A PD OCT PY 2016 VL 72 BP 645 EP 650 DI 10.1107/S2053273316012675 PN 6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA EB8XR UT WOS:000387675300006 PM 27809203 ER PT J AU Jia, J O'Brien, PG He, L Qiao, Q Fei, T Reyes, LM Burrow, TE Dong, YC Liao, K Varela, M Pennycook, SJ Hmadeh, M Helmy, AS Kherani, NP Perovic, DD Ozin, GA AF Jia, Jia O'Brien, Paul G. He, Le Qiao, Qiao Fei, Teng Reyes, Laura M. Burrow, Timothy E. Dong, Yuchan Liao, Kristine Varela, Maria Pennycook, Stephen J. Hmadeh, Mohamad Helmy, Amr S. Kherani, Nazir P. Perovic, Doug D. Ozin, Geoffrey A. TI Visible and Near-Infrared Photothermal Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Gaseous CO2 over Nanostructured Pd@Nb2O5 SO ADVANCED SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCATALYTIC REDUCTION; METHANOL SYNTHESIS; LIGHT IRRADIATION; RAMAN-SCATTERING; OXYGEN VACANCY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOLAR FUELS; TEMPERATURE; TIO2; PD AB The reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction driven by Nb2O5 nanorod-supported Pd nanocrystals without external heating using visible and near infrared (NIR) light is demonstrated. By measuring the dependence of the RWGS reaction rates on the intensity and spectral power distribution of filtered light incident onto the nanostructured Pd@Nb2O5 catalyst, it is determined that the RWGS reaction is activated photothermally. That is the RWGS reaction is initiated by heat generated from thermalization of charge carriers in the Pd nanocrystals that are excited by interband and intraband absorption of visible and NIR light. Taking advantage of this photothermal effect, a visible and NIR responsive Pd@Nb2O5 hybrid catalyst that efficiently hydrogenates CO2 to CO at an impressive rate as high as 1.8 mmol gcat(-1) h(-1) is developed. The mechanism of this photothermal reaction involves H-2 dissociation on Pd nanocrystals and subsequent spillover of H to the Nb2O5 nanorods whereupon adsorbed CO2 is hydrogenated to CO. This work represents a significant enhancement in our understanding of the underlying mechanism of photothermally driven CO2 reduction and will help guide the way toward the development of highly efficient catalysts that exploit the full solar spectrum to convert gas-phase CO2 to valuable chemicals and fuels. C1 [Jia, Jia; Kherani, Nazir P.; Perovic, Doug D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 184 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada. [O'Brien, Paul G.; Fei, Teng; Reyes, Laura M.; Burrow, Timothy E.; Dong, Yuchan; Liao, Kristine; Ozin, Geoffrey A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Solar Fuels Cluster, Mat Chem & Nanochem Res Grp, 80 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. [He, Le] Soochow Univ, Inst Funct Nano & Soft Mat FUNSOM, Jiangsu Key Lab Carbon Based Funct Mat & Devices, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [He, Le] Soochow Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Suzhou Nano Sci & Technol, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Qiao, Qiao] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Varela, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, GFMC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Varela, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, Inst Pluridisciplinar, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Pennycook, Stephen J.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Block EA 07-14,9 Engn Dr 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore. [Hmadeh, Mohamad] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Chem, Beirut 110236, Lebanon. [Helmy, Amr S.; Kherani, Nazir P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 10 Kings Coll Rd, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada. RP Ozin, GA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Solar Fuels Cluster, Mat Chem & Nanochem Res Grp, 80 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. EM gozin@chem.utoronto.ca RI Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; He, Le/D-7167-2011 OI Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; He, Le/0000-0002-4520-0482 FU Ontario Ministry of Research Innovation (MRI); Ministry of Economic Development, Employment and Infrastructure (MEDI); Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change; Connaught Innovation Fund; Connaught Global Challenge Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Masri institute fund [102882]; Kamal A. Shair CRSL Research Fund at the American University of Beirut (AUB) [102847]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX J.J. and P.G.O. contributed equally to this work. G.A.O. is a Government of Canada Research Chair in Materials Chemistry and Nanochemistry. Financial support for this work was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Research Innovation (MRI); Ministry of Economic Development, Employment and Infrastructure (MEDI); Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change; Connaught Innovation Fund; Connaught Global Challenge Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). M.H. acknowledges the Masri institute fund (#102882) and Kamal A. Shair CRSL Research Fund (#102847) at the American University of Beirut (AUB) for financial support. STEM-EELS observations carried out with the STEM group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, is sponsored by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. Chenxi Qian is gratefully acknowledged for assistance in making the figures and graphics. NR 74 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 46 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2198-3844 J9 ADV SCI JI Adv. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 AR 1600189 DI 10.1002/advs.201600189 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EB8NU UT WOS:000387648600014 PM 27840802 ER PT J AU Liu, XD Xia, YD Luo, H Xuan, LJ AF Liu, Xiaodong Xia, Yidong Luo, Hong Xuan, Lijun TI A Comparative Study of Rosenbrock-Type and Implicit Runge-Kutta Time Integration for Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Unsteady 3D Compressible Navier-Stokes equations SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Implicit time integration; Rosenbrock-Wanner; discontinuous Galerkin; WENO; Navier-Stokes ID HYBRID DG/FV METHODS; WENO RECONSTRUCTION; TETRAHEDRAL GRIDS; EULER EQUATIONS; FLOWS; SCHEMES AB A comparative study of two classes of third-order implicit time integration schemes is presented for a third-order hierarchical WENO reconstructed discontinuous Galerkin (rDG) method to solve the 3D unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations: - 1) the explicit first stage, single diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta (ESDIRK3) scheme, and 2) the Rosenbrock-Wanner (ROW) schemes based on the differential algebraic equations (DAEs) of Index-2. Compared with the ESDIRK3 scheme, a remarkable feature of the ROW schemes is that, they only require one approximate Jacobian matrix calculation every time step, thus considerably reducing the overall computational cost. A variety of test cases, ranging from inviscid flows to DNS of turbulent flows, are presented to assess the performance of these schemes. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the third-order ROW scheme for the DAEs of index-2 can not only achieve the designed formal order of temporal convergence accuracy in a benchmark test, but also require significantly less computing time than its ESDIRK3 counterpart to converge to the same level of discretization errors in all of the flow simulations in this study, indicating that the ROW methods provide an attractive alternative for the higher-order time-accurate integration of the unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations. C1 [Liu, Xiaodong; Luo, Hong; Xuan, Lijun] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Xia, Yidong] Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Energy Resource Recovery & Sustainabil, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Luo, H (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM xliu29@ncsu.edu; yidongxia@gmail.com; hong_luo@ncsu.edu; lxuan@ncsu.edu RI Luo, Hong/A-9133-2011 FU Basic Research Initiative program of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support for this work provided by the Basic Research Initiative program of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Dr. F. Fariba and Dr. D. Smith serve as the technical monitors. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS PI WANCHAI PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1815-2406 EI 1991-7120 J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS JI Commun. Comput. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1016 EP 1044 DI 10.4208/cicp.300715.140316a PG 29 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA EB8TH UT WOS:000387663400007 ER PT J AU Frolov, T Asta, M Mishin, Y AF Frolov, T. Asta, M. Mishin, Y. TI Phase transformations at interfaces: Observations from atomistic modeling SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Molecular dynamics; Monte Carlo modeling; Grain boundary phases; Solute segregation; Grain boundary migration; Grain boundary diffusion ID GRAND-CANONICAL ENSEMBLE; GRAIN-BOUNDARY MOTION; SHEAR DEFORMATION; POINT-DEFECTS; TRANSITIONS; DIFFUSION; CU; MECHANISMS; MIGRATION; ROTATION AB We review the recent progress in theoretical understanding and atomistic computer simulations of phase transformations in materials interfaces, focusing on grain boundaries (GBs) in metallic systems. Recently developed simulation approaches enable the search and structural characterization of GB phases in single-component metals and binary alloys, calculation of thermodynamic properties of individual GB phases, and modeling of the effect of the GB phase transformations on GB kinetics. Atomistic simulations demonstrate that the GB transformations can be induced by Varying the temperature, loading the GB with point defects, or varying the amount of solute segregation. TIT atomic-level understanding obtained from such simulations can provide input for further development of thermodynamics theories and continuous models of interface phase transformations while simultaneously serving as a testing ground for validation of theories and models. They can also help interpret and guide experimental work in this field. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Frolov, T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Asta, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mishin, Y.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, MSN 3F3, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Frolov, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Mishin, Yuri/P-2020-2015 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research, Metals and Metallic Nanostructures Program; National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575] FX This work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Y.M. was supported by the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research, the Metals and Metallic Nanostructures Program. Use was made of computational resources provided under the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCI-1053575. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 EI 1879-0348 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 SI SI BP 308 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2016.05.003 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA EC3VG UT WOS:000388054300011 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Macia, P Priyadarshani, N Dutta, A Weidenthaler, C Lubitz, W Shaw, WJ Rudiger, O AF Rodriguez-Macia, Patricia Priyadarshani, Nilusha Dutta, Arnab Weidenthaler, Claudia Lubitz, Wolfgang Shaw, Wendy J. Ruediger, Olaf TI Covalent Attachment of the Water-insoluble Ni((P2N2Phe)-N-Cy)(2) Electrocatalyst to Electrodes Showing Reversible Catalysis in Aqueous Solution SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bio-inspired catalyst; electrocatalysis; modified electrodes; hydrogen production/oxidation; noble-metal-free catalysis ID MOLECULAR CATALYSTS; NICKEL-CATALYST; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; H-2 OXIDATION; PROTON; NANOMATERIALS AB Hydrogenases are a diverse group of metalloenzymes which catalyze the reversible conversion between molecular hydrogen and protons at high rates. The catalytic activity of these enzymes does not require overpotential because their active site has been evolutionarily optimized to operate fast and efficiently. These enzymes have inspired the development of molecular catalysts, which have dramatically improved in efficiency in recent years, to the point that some synthetic catalysts even outperform hydrogenases under certain conditions. In this work, we use a reversible noble-metal-free homogeneous catalyst, the [Ni((P2N2Phe)-N-Cy)(2)](2+) complex, and we covalently immobilize it on a functionalized highly oriented pyrolytic graphite "edge" (HOPG(e)) electrode surface. This catalyst is not water soluble, but once it is surface-confined on the electrode, it maintains its catalytic properties in aqueous solutions, showing reversibility for H-2 oxidation/reduction. Immobilization of the [Ni((P2N2Phe)-N-Cy)(2)](2+) complex onto a multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated electrode leads to even higher catalytic current densities and enhanced stability. C1 [Rodriguez-Macia, Patricia; Lubitz, Wolfgang; Ruediger, Olaf] Max Planck Inst Chem Energiekonvers, Stiftstr 34-36, D-45470 Mulheim, Germany. [Priyadarshani, Nilusha; Dutta, Arnab; Shaw, Wendy J.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Dutta, Arnab] IIT Gandhinagar, Dept Chem, Ahmadabad 382424, Gujarat, India. [Weidenthaler, Claudia] Max Planck Inst Kohlenforsch, Kaiser Wilhelm Pl 1, D-45470 Mulheim, Germany. RP Rudiger, O (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem Energiekonvers, Stiftstr 34-36, D-45470 Mulheim, Germany.; Shaw, WJ (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM Wendy.Shaw@pnnl.gov; olaf.ruediger@cec.mpg.de FU Max Planck Society; Cluster of Excellence RESOLV by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [EXC1069]; Office of Science Early Career Research Program through US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences FX We would like to thank Birgit Noring for her technical assistance in electrode preparation, Miriam Frezner for gas chromatography measurements and Ulrich Holle for XPS measurements. This work is funded by the Max Planck Society and by the Cluster of Excellence RESOLV (EXC1069) funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). AD, NP and WJS acknowledge funding by the Office of Science Early Career Research Program through the US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the US DOE. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 EI 1521-4109 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 10 BP 2452 EP 2458 DI 10.1002/elan.201600306 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA EC1RY UT WOS:000387886500025 ER PT J AU Mouzakis, KM Navarre-Sitchler, AK Rother, G Banuelos, JL Wang, XY Kaszuba, JP Heath, JE Miller, QRS Alvarado, V McCray, JE AF Mouzakis, Katherine M. Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. Rother, Gernot Banuelos, Jose Leobardo Wang, Xiuyu Kaszuba, John P. Heath, Jason E. Miller, Quin R. S. Alvarado, Vladimir McCray, John E. TI Experimental Study of Porosity Changes in Shale Caprocks Exposed to CO2-Saturated Brines I: Evolution of Mineralogy, Pore Connectivity, Pore Size Distribution, and Surface Area SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE caprock; carbon sequestration; Gothic Shale; Marine Tuscaloosa; nitrogen gas adsorption; porosity ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CO2 SEQUESTRATION; SALINE AQUIFERS; ROCKS; TEMPERATURE; REACTIVITY; INTEGRITY; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR AB Carbon capture, utilization, and storage, one proposed method of reducing anthropogenic emissions of CO2, relies on low permeability formations, such as shales, above injection formations to prevent upward migration of the injected CO2. Porosity in caprocks evaluated for sealing capacity before injection can be altered by geochemical reactions induced by dissolution of injected CO2 into pore fluids, impacting long-term sealing capacity. Therefore, long-term performance of CO2 sequestration sites may be dependent on both initial distribution and connectivity of pores in caprocks, and on changes induced by geochemical reaction after injection of CO2, which are currently poorly understood. This article presents results from an experimental study of changes to caprock porosity and pore network geometry in two caprock formations under conditions relevant to CO2 sequestration. Pore connectivity and total porosity increased in the Gothic Shale; while total porosity increased but pore connectivity decreased in the Marine Tuscaloosa. Gothic Shale is a carbonate mudstone that contains volumetrically more carbonate minerals than Marine Tuscaloosa. Carbonate minerals dissolved to a greater extent than silicate minerals in Gothic Shale under high CO2 conditions, leading to increased porosity at length scales approximate to 1m. Mineral reactions also contributed to a decrease in pore connectivity, possibly as a result of precipitation in pore throats or hydration of the high percentage of clays. This study highlights the role that mineralogy of the caprock can play in geochemical response to CO2 injection and resulting changes in sealing capacity in long-term CO2 storage projects. C1 [Mouzakis, Katherine M.; Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K.] Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Rother, Gernot; Banuelos, Jose Leobardo] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Wang, Xiuyu; Kaszuba, John P.; Miller, Quin R. S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Kaszuba, John P.] Univ Wyoming, Sch Energy Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Heath, Jason E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Sandia, NM USA. [Alvarado, Vladimir] Univ Wyoming, Dept Chem Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Banuelos, Jose Leobardo] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Wang, Xiuyu] China Univ Petr, Dept Petr Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Navarre-Sitchler, AK (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM asitchle@mines.edu RI Rother, Gernot/B-7281-2008; Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis/J-3389-2014 OI Rother, Gernot/0000-0003-4921-6294; FU United States Department of Energy [DE-FE0000730]; EPA [R834387]; UW School of Energy Resources; Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 (NCGC) Center; Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science; UW School of Energy Resources the Center for Advanced Energy Studies FX This research was supported from the United States Department of Energy, Grant number DE-FE0000730 to J.M. and A.K.N.-S. and by an EPA Star Grant R834387 to J.M., R.J. Maxwell, and A.K.N.-S. at the Colorado School of Mines and J.K. at University Of Wyoming. J.K.'s work was also supported by the UW School of Energy Resources. G.R. was supported as part of the Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 (NCGC) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science. Q.R.S.M. acknowledges support from the UW School of Energy Resources the Center for Advanced Energy Studies. We would like to thank John Chandler at the Colorado School of Mines Electron Microscopy Laboratory for assistance with collection of FESEM images. The neutron scattering portion of this research at ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy. We acknowledge Ken Littrell at ORNL for his guidance with the neutron scattering experiments. We also thank three anonymous reviewers, whose suggestions improved the article. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 EI 1557-9018 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 SI SI BP 725 EP 735 DI 10.1089/ees.2015.0588 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA8AU UT WOS:000386857200002 ER PT J AU Miller, QRS Wang, XY Kaszuba, JP Mouzakis, KM Navarre-Sitchler, AK Alvarado, V McCray, JE Rother, G Banuelos, JL Heath, JE AF Miller, Quin R. S. Wang, Xiuyu Kaszuba, John P. Mouzakis, Katherine M. Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. Alvarado, Vladimir McCray, John E. Rother, Gernot Banuelos, Jose Leobardo Heath, Jason E. TI Experimental Study of Porosity Changes in Shale Caprocks Exposed to Carbon Dioxide-Saturated Brine II: Insights from Aqueous Geochemistry SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CO2 capture and storage; geochemical reactions; global-scale and regional-scale environmental impacts; inorganic geochemistry; thermodynamics and equilibrium ID CLAYEY CAP-ROCK; INTERFACIAL-TENSION; SUPERCRITICAL CO2; CONTACT-ANGLE; SEQUESTRATION; TEMPERATURE; RESERVOIR; PRESSURE; BEHAVIOR; REACTIVITY AB Laboratory experiments evaluated two shale caprock formations, the Gothic Shale and Marine Tuscaloosa Formation, at conditions relevant to carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Both rocks were exposed to CO2-saturated brines at 160 degrees C and 15MPa for approximate to 45 days. Baseline experiments for both rocks were pressurized with argon to 15MPa for approximate to 35 days. Varying concentrations of iron, aqueous silica, sulfate, and initial pH decreases coincide with enhanced carbonate and silicate dissolution due to reaction between CO2-saturated brine and shale. Saturation indices were calculated and activity diagrams were constructed to gain insights into sulfate, silicate, and carbonate mineral stabilities. Upon exposure to CO2-saturated brines, the Marine Tuscaloosa Formation appeared to be more reactive than the Gothic Shale. Evolution of aqueous geochemistry in the experiments is consistent with mineral precipitation and dissolution reactions that affect porosity. This study highlights the importance of tracking fluid chemistry to clarify downhole physicochemical responses to CO2 injection and subsequent changes in sealing capacity in CO2 storage and utilization projects. C1 [Miller, Quin R. S.; Wang, Xiuyu; Kaszuba, John P.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Kaszuba, John P.] Univ Wyoming, Sch Energy Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Mouzakis, Katherine M.; Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Mouzakis, Katherine M.; Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K.] Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Alvarado, Vladimir] Univ Wyoming, Dept Chem Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Rother, Gernot; Banuelos, Jose Leobardo] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Heath, Jason E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Geomech Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wang, Xiuyu] China Univ Petr, Dept Petr Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Mouzakis, Katherine M.] CH2M Hill Inc, Redding, CA USA. [Banuelos, Jose Leobardo] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Kaszuba, JP (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM john.kaszuba@uwyo.edu RI Rother, Gernot/B-7281-2008; Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis/J-3389-2014 OI Rother, Gernot/0000-0003-4921-6294; FU University of Wyoming School of Energy Resources; Center for Advanced Energy Studies Graduate Assistantship award; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program; DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; EPA [R834387]; United States Department of Energy [DE-FE0000730]; Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 Center; Energy Frontier Research Center - United States Department of Energy Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Science FX Q.R.S.M. acknowledges support from the University of Wyoming School of Energy Resources and a Center for Advanced Energy Studies Graduate Assistantship award. Q.R.S.M. also acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists, Office of Science Graduate Student Research (SCGSR) program. The SCGSR program is administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education for the DOE under contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100. The authors acknowledge support from an EPA Star Grant R834387 to J.M., R.J. Maxwell, A.K.N.-S., and J.K., and by a United States Department of Energy Grant DE-FE0000730 to J.M. and A.K.N.-S.J.K.'s work was also supported by the University of Wyoming School of Energy Resources. G.R. was supported as part of the Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2 Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the United States Department of Energy Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Science. We acknowledge The Laboratory for Environmental and Geological Studies at the University of Colorado, particularly Fredrick G. Luiszer, for aqueous analyses. The authors also are grateful for the feedback of three anonymous reviewers, whose suggestions helped strengthen the article. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 EI 1557-9018 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 SI SI BP 736 EP 744 DI 10.1089/ees.2015.0592 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA8AU UT WOS:000386857200003 ER PT J AU Gulliver, DM Lowry, GV Gregory, KB AF Gulliver, Djuna M. Lowry, Gregory V. Gregory, Kelvin B. TI Comparative Study of Effects of CO2 Concentration and pH on Microbial Communities from a Saline Aquifer, a Depleted Oil Reservoir, and a Freshwater Aquifer SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ecology and environmental impacts; soil and subsurface; environmental microbiology; biogeochemistry; geological sciences; CO2 capture and storage; global scale and regional scale environmental impacts; microbial ecology ID MODERATELY HALOPHILIC BACTERIA; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER SYSTEM; LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; IN-SITU CONDITIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RESISTANT BACTERIA; SUPERCRITICAL CO2; STORAGE; MICROORGANISMS AB Injected CO2 from geologic carbon storage is expected to impact the microbial communities of proposed storage sites, such as depleted oil reservoirs and deep saline aquifers, as well as overlying freshwater aquifers at risk of receiving leaking CO2. Microbial community change in these subsurface sites may affect injectivity of CO2, permanence of stored CO2, and shallow subsurface water quality. The effect of CO2 concentration on the microbial communities in fluid collected from a depleted oil reservoir and a freshwater aquifer was examined at subsurface pressures and temperatures. The community was exposed to 0%, 1%, 10%, and 100% pCO(2) for 56 days. Bacterial community structure was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene clone libraries, and total bacterial abundance was estimated through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Changes in the microbial community observed in the depleted oil reservoir samples and freshwater samples were compared to previous results from CO2-exposed deep saline aquifer fluids. Overall, results suggest that CO2 exposure to microbial communities will result in pH-dependent population change, and the CO2-selected microbial communities will vary among sites. This is the first study to compare the response of multiple subsurface microbial communities at conditions expected during geologic carbon storage, increasing the understanding of environmental drivers for microbial community changes in CO2-exposed environments. C1 [Gulliver, Djuna M.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, Off Res & Dev, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Lowry, Gregory V.; Gregory, Kelvin B.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Gulliver, DM (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, Off Res & Dev, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.; Gregory, KB (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM djuna.gulliver@netl.doe.gov; kgregory@andrew.cmu.edu NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 EI 1557-9018 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 33 IS 10 SI SI BP 806 EP 816 DI 10.1089/ees.2015.0368 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA8AU UT WOS:000386857200010 ER PT J AU Duke, DJ Kastengren, AL Swantek, AB Matusik, KE Powell, CF AF Duke, Daniel J. Kastengren, Alan L. Swantek, Andrew B. Matusik, Katarzyna E. Powell, Christopher F. TI X-ray fluorescence measurements of dissolved gas and cavitation SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID FLUID-DYNAMICS; BUBBLES; FLOW; RADIOGRAPHY; SOLUBILITY; NOZZLES AB The dynamics of dissolved gas and cavitation are strongly coupled, yet these phenomena are difficult to measure in-situ. Both create voids in the fluid that can be difficult to distinguish. We present an application of X-ray fluorescence in which liquid density and total noncondensible gas concentration (both dissolved and nucleated) are simultaneously measured. The liquid phase is doped with 400 ppm of a bromine tracer, and dissolved air is removed and substituted with krypton. Fluorescent emission at X-ray wavelengths is simultaneously excited from the Br and Kr with a focused monochromatic X-ray beam from a synchrotron source. We measure the flow in a cavitating nozzle 0.5 mm in diameter. From Br fluorescence, total displacement of the liquid is measured. From Kr fluorescence, the mass fraction of both dissolved and nucleated gas is measured. Volumetric displacement of liquid due to both cavitation and gas precipitation can be separated through estimation of the local equilibrium dissolved mass fraction. The uncertainty in the line of sight projected densities of the liquid and gas phases is 4-6 %. The high fluorescence yields and energies of Br and Kr allow small mass fractions of gas to be measured, down to 10(-5), with an uncertainty of 8 %. These quantitative measurements complement existing optical diagnostic techniques and provide new insight into the diffusion of gas into cavitation bubbles, which can increase their internal density, pressure and lifetimes by orders of magnitude. C1 [Duke, Daniel J.; Swantek, Andrew B.; Matusik, Katarzyna E.; Powell, Christopher F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Kastengren, Alan L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Lemont, IL USA. RP Duke, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM dduke@anl.gov FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Vehicle Technologies Program FX This research was performed at the 7-BM beam line of the APS at Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS is supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Argonne's fuel injection research is sponsored by the DOE Vehicle Technologies Program under the direction of Gurpreet Singh and Leo Breton. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 AR 162 DI 10.1007/s00348-016-2250-5 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA EC4PR UT WOS:000388116000009 ER PT J AU Glorieux, C Sandoval, JM Fattaccioli, A Dejeans, N Garbe, JC Dieu, M Verrax, J Renard, P Huang, P Calderon, PB AF Glorieux, Christophe Marcelo Sandoval, Juan Fattaccioli, Antoine Dejeans, Nicolas Garbe, James C. Dieu, Marc Verrax, Julien Renard, Patricia Huang, Peng Calderon, Pedro Buc TI Chromatin remodeling regulates catalase expression during cancer cells adaptation to chronic oxidative stress SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Catalase; Chromatin remodeling; RAR alpha; JunB; Oxidative stress; Breast cancer cells ID RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR; FORKHEAD TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; BREAST-CANCER; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TUMOR-CELLS; IONIZING-RADIATION; STATISTICAL-MODEL AB Regulation of ROS metabolism plays a major role in cellular adaptation to oxidative stress in cancer cells, but the molecular mechanism that regulates catalase, a key antioxidant enzyme responsible for conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the transcriptional regulatory mechanism controlling catalase expression in three human mammary cell lines: the normal mammary epithelial 250MK primary cells, the breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells and an experimental model of MCF-7 cells resistant against oxidative stress resulting from chronic exposure to H2O2 (Resox), in which catalase was overexpressed. Here we identify a novel promoter region responsible for the regulation of catalase expression at -1518/-1226 locus and the key molecules that interact with this promoter and affect catalase transcription. We show that the AP-1 family member JunB and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARct) mediate catalase transcriptional activation and repression, respectively, by controlling chromatin remodeling through a histone deacetylases-dependent mechanism. This regulatory mechanism plays an important role in redox adaptation to chronic exposure to H202 in breast cancer cells. Our study suggests that cancer adaptation to oxidative stress may be regulated by transcriptional factors through chromatin remodeling, and reveals a potential new mechanism to target cancer cells. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Glorieux, Christophe; Marcelo Sandoval, Juan; Dejeans, Nicolas; Verrax, Julien; Calderon, Pedro Buc] Catholic Univ Louvain, Louvain Drug Res Inst, Toxicol & Canc Biol Res Grp, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. [Glorieux, Christophe; Huang, Peng] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Canc, State Key Lab Oncol South China, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Canc Med, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Marcelo Sandoval, Juan; Calderon, Pedro Buc] Univ Arturo Prat, Fac Ciencias Salud, Iquique 1100000, Chile. [Fattaccioli, Antoine; Renard, Patricia] Univ Namur, NAmur Res Inst Life Sci NARILIS, Lab Biochem & Cell Biol URBC, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. [Garbe, James C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Syst & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dieu, Marc] Univ Namur, Mass Spectrometry Univ Namur MaSUN, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. [Huang, Peng] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Translat Mol Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Calderon, PB (reprint author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Louvain Drug Res Inst, Toxicol & Canc Biol Res Grp, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.; Glorieux, C (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Canc, State Key Lab Oncol South China, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Canc Med, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM christophe@sysucc.org.cn; pedro.buccalderon@uclouvain.be NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 99 BP 436 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.08.031 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA EC3AD UT WOS:000387995400041 PM 27591797 ER PT J AU Reilly, MC Magnuson, JK Baker, SE AF Reilly, Morgann C. Magnuson, Jon K. Baker, Scott E. TI Approaches to understanding protein hypersecretion in fungi SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Aspergillus; Neurospora; Protein secretion; Trichoderma ID ASPERGILLUS-NIGER STRAINS; ENHANCED CELLULASE PRODUCTION; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; PARASEXUAL RECOMBINATION; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS-ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE COPIES AB Fungi are well known for secreting high levels of proteins. A number of strategies have been used to characterize and maximize protein secretion for industrial purposes. In this review, we highlight three different ascomycetes and focus on a specific protein production example for each. Aspergillus niger has been utilized as a production host for amylases and multiple molecular genetic approaches have been applied to increase secretion in this organism. Saccharification of plant biomass is an integral part of biofuel production and classical genetic and genomic approaches have been used in Trichoderma reesei to understand and manipulate the pathways controlling secretion of plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Finally, Neurospora crassa, a model filamentous ascomycete has been exploited to understand a wide range of biological processes including protein secretion. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Mycological Society. C1 [Reilly, Morgann C.; Magnuson, Jon K.; Baker, Scott E.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Reilly, Morgann C.; Magnuson, Jon K.; Baker, Scott E.] DOE Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. RP Baker, SE (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM scott.baker@pnnl.gov OI Baker, Scott/0000-0001-5085-3106 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This article was written as part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1749-4613 EI 1878-0253 J9 FUNGAL BIOL REV JI Fungal Biol. Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.fbr.2016.06.002 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA EC3UB UT WOS:000388051100001 ER PT J AU Grabowski, C Degnan, JH Parker, JV Camacho, JF Coffey, SK Delaney, RK Domonkos, MT Intrator, TP Lynn, AG McCullough, J Ruden, EL Sommars, W Weber, TE Wurden, GA AF Grabowski, Chris Degnan, James H. Parker, Jerald V. Camacho, J. Frank Coffey, Sean K. Delaney, Rachel K. Domonkos, Matthew T. Intrator, Thomas P. Lynn, Alan G. McCullough, John Ruden, Edward L. Sommars, Wayne Weber, Thomas E. Wurden, Glen A. TI Parallel Triggering and Conduction of Rail-Gap Switches in a High-Current Low-Inductance Crowbar Switch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) colocated with the 20th IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC) CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2015 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE DE Plasma devices; pulse power system switches; spark gaps; trigger circuits; triggering ID VACUUM SPARK GAP; FRX-L; PLASMA AB The field-reversed configuration heating experiment ( FRCHX) was designed to form closed-field-line magnetized target plasmas for magnetoinertial fusion and other high energy density plasma research. These plasmas are in a field-reversed configuration and are formed via a reversed-field theta pinch on an already magnetized background plasma. To extend the duration and temporal uniformity of the pinch, the capacitor bank driving the reversed-field discharge is crowbarred near the current peak. Four parallel rail-gap switches are used on the FRCHX for this application to ensure a low-inductance crowbar discharge path and to accommodate the large magnitude of the discharge current ( often greater than 1 MA). Historically, parallel operation of spark gap switches in a crowbarring arrangement has often proved to be difficult due to the very low voltage present on the bank and across the switches at the time of peak current. In a low-inductance design, triggering can be further complicated by the rapid collapse of what little voltage there is across the switches as soon as the first spark gap begins conduction. This paper reports on the efforts that were made to develop a low-inductance crowbar switch for the FRCHX and to ultimately enable successful triggering and operation of the four parallel rail-gap switches used in the crowbar. The design of the low-inductance parallel switch assembly is presented first, followed by a description of the triggering scheme employed to ensure conduction of all four switches. C1 [Grabowski, Chris; Coffey, Sean K.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Degnan, James H.; Domonkos, Matthew T.; McCullough, John; Ruden, Edward L.] Air Force Res Lab, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Parker, Jerald V.; Camacho, J. Frank; Sommars, Wayne] Leidos Inc, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Delaney, Rachel K.] Air Force Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Intrator, Thomas P.; Weber, Thomas E.; Wurden, Glen A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Magnetized Plasma Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lynn, Alan G.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Grabowski, C (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM t.c.grabowski@ieee.org; james.degnan.2@us.af.mil; jerald.parker.ctr@us.af.mil; j.camacho.ctr@us.af.mil; skcoffe@sandia.gov; rachel.delaney.1@us.af.mil; matthew.domonkos@us.af.mil; alan.lynn@nrl.navy.mil; john.mccullough.9@us.af.mil; edward.ruden@us.af.mil; wayne.sommars.ctr@us.af.mil; tweber@lanl.gov; wurden@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1997 EP 2012 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2572062 PN 1 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB3CP UT WOS:000387239900021 ER PT J AU Berkowitz, E Hanada, M Maltz, J AF Berkowitz, Evan Hanada, Masanori Maltz, Jonathan TI A microscopic description of black hole evaporation via holography SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Article DE String theory; black hole; quantum gravity ID QUANTUM-MECHANICS AB We propose a description of how a large, cold black hole (black zero-brane) in type IIA superstring theory evaporates into freely propagating D0-branes, by solving the dual gauge theory quantitatively. The energy spectrum of emitted D0-branes is parametrically close to thermal when the black hole is large. The black hole, while initially cold, gradually becomes an extremely hot and stringy object as it evaporates. As it emits D0-branes, its emission rate speeds up and it evaporates completely without leaving any remnant. Hence this system provides us with a concrete holographic description of black hole evaporation without information loss. C1 [Berkowitz, Evan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nucl & Chem Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hanada, Masanori; Maltz, Jonathan] Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hanada, Masanori] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hanada, Masanori] Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr Adv Res, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Maltz, Jonathan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Berkowitz, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nucl & Chem Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM berkowitz2@llnl.gov; hanada@yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp; jdmaltz@berkeley.edu OI Berkowitz, Evan/0000-0003-1082-1374 FU Japanese Ministry of Education, Sciences and Technology, Sports and Culture (MEXT) [25287046]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; California Alliance fellowship (NSF Grant) [32540] FX The authors would like to thank H. Shimada, especially for discussion on the thermal nature of the radiation spectrum. We would also like to thank Guy Gur-Ari, Yasunori Nomura, Enrico Rinaldi, Stephen Shenker, Leonard Susskind and Masaki Tezuka for discussions and comments. The work of M. H. is supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Sciences and Technology, Sports and Culture (MEXT) for Scientific Research (Grant No. 25287046). This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The work of J. M. is supported by the California Alliance fellowship (NSF Grant 32540). NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 EI 1793-6594 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 IS 12 SI SI AR 1644002 DI 10.1142/S0218271816440028 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EC2ZM UT WOS:000387993400010 ER PT J AU Hansen, SK Vesselinov, VV AF Hansen, Scott K. Vesselinov, Velimir V. TI Contaminant point source localization error estimates as functions of data quantity and model quality SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solute transport; Inverse problems; Environmental forensics; Source identification; Error quantification; Model error ID POLLUTION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; GROUNDWATER CONTAMINANT; RELEASE HISTORY; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; SOURCE LOCATION; TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS; INVERSION; PLUME; TIME AB We develop empirically-grounded error envelopes for localization of a point contamination release event in the saturated zone of a previously uncharacterized heterogeneous aquifer into which a number of plume intercepting wells have been drilled. We assume that flow direction in the aquifer is known exactly and velocity is known to within a factor of two of our best guess from well observations prior to source identification. Other aquifer and source parameters must be estimated by interpretation of well breakthrough data via the advection-dispersion equation. We employ high performance computing to generate numerous random realizations of aquifer parameters and well locations, simulate well breakthrough data, and then employ unsupervised machine optimization techniques to estimate the most likely spatial (or space-time) location of the source. Tabulating the accuracy of these estimates from the multiple realizations, we relate the size of 90% and 95% confidence envelopes to the data quantity (number of wells) and model quality (fidelity of ADE interpretation model to actual concentrations in a heterogeneous aquifer with channelized flow). We find that for purely spatial localization of the contaminant source, increased data quantities can make up for reduced model quality. For space-time localization, we find similar qualitative behavior, but significantly degraded spatial localization reliability and less improvement from extra data collection. Since the space-time source localization problem is much more challenging, we also tried a multiple-initial guess optimization strategy. This greatly enhanced performance, but gains from additional data collection remained limited. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hansen, Scott K.; Vesselinov, Velimir V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div EES 16, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hansen, SK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div EES 16, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Hansen, Scott/0000-0001-8022-0123 FU LANL Environmental Programs FX The authors acknowledge support of the LANL Environmental Programs. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 193 BP 74 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.09.003 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA EC0ZZ UT WOS:000387834600008 PM 27639975 ER PT J AU Abdallah, J Alexa, C Coutinho, YA Dos Santos, SPA Anderson, KJ Arabidze, G Araque, JP Artamonov, A Asquith, L Astalos, R Mayes, JB Bartos, P Batkova, L Bertolucci, F Bylund, OB Castro, AB Blazek, T Bohm, C Boumediene, D Boveia, A Brown, H Busato, E Calkins, R Calvet, D Calvet, S Toro, RC Armadans, RC Carli, T Carvalho, J Cascella, M Castro, NF Cavasinni, V Cerqueira, AS Chadelas, R Chakraborty, D Chekanov, S Chen, X Chikovani, L Choudalakis, G Cinca, D Ciubancan, M Clement, C Cole, S Constantinescu, S Costin, T Crouau, M Crozatier, C Cuciuc, CM De Sousa, MJDS Darmora, S Davidek, T Del Prete, T Dita, S Djobava, T Dolejsi, J Dotti, A Dubreuil, E Dunford, M Eriksson, D Errede, S Errede, D Faltova, J Farbin, A Febbraro, R Federic, P Feng, EJ Ferrer, A Fiascaris, M Fiolhais, MCN Fiorini, L Francavilla, P Torregrosa, EF Galhardo, B Gellerstedt, K Ghodbane, N Giakoumopoulou, V Giangiobbe, V Giokaris, N Glonti, GL Gomes, A Parra, GG Grenier, P Grinstein, S Gris, P Guicheney, C Hakobyan, H Hard, AS Harkusha, S Heelan, L Helsens, C Correia, AMH Jimenez, YH Hernandez, CM Hign-Rodriguez, E Hurwitz, M Huseynov, N Huston, J Plante, IJL Jennens, D Johansson, KE Jon-And, K Jorge, PM Rozas, AJ Rozas, AJ Karpov, SN Karyukhin, AN Khandanyan, H Khramov, E Khubua, J Kim, H Klimek, P Korolkov, I Kruse, A Kulchitsky, Y Kurochkin, YA Lafarguette, P Lambert, D LeCompte, T Leitner, R Leone, S Liao, H Lie, K Lokajicek, M Lundberg, O Martins, PJM Maio, A Makouski, M Maneira, J de Andrade, LM Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Martin, B Mchedlidze, G Meehan, S Garcia, BRM Meoni, E Merritt, FS Meyer, C Miller, DW Milstead, DA Minashvili, IA Mir, LM Molander, S Berlingen, JM Mosidze, M Myagkov, AG Nemecek, S Nepomuceno, AA Nguyen, DH Nikolaenko, V Nilsson, P Nodulman, L Nordkvist, B Ohm, CC Olariu, A Seabra, LFO Onofre, A Oreglia, MJ Pallin, D Pantea, D Hernandez, DP Morales, MIP Pedro, R Martins, FMP Peng, H Penning, B Pilcher, JE Pina, J Pleskot, V Plotnikova, E Podlyski, F Popeneciu, GA Poveda, J Pravahan, R Pribyl, L Price, LE Proudfoot, J de Lima, JGR Roda, C Dos Santos, DR Saez, SMR Rossetti, V Ruiz-Martinez, A Rusakovich, NA Ferrando, BMS Santoni, C Santos, H Saraiva, JG Says, LP Schwartzman, A Scuri, F Shimizu, S Silva, J Silverstein, SB Solans, CA Solodkov, AA Solovyanov, OV Spalla, M Stanek, RW Starchenko, EA Starovoitov, P Stavina, P Stoicea, G Succurro, A Suhr, C Sumida, T Sykora, I Tas, P Delgado, AT Tokar, S Tsiareshka, PV Tsiskaridze, V Tudorache, V Tudorache, A Tuggle, JM Tylmad, M Usai, G Valero, A Valery, L Gallego, EV Ferrer, JAV Vazeille, F Veloso, F Vichou, I Vinogradov, VB Viret, S Volpi, M Wang, C Weng, Z White, A Wilkens, HG Yanush, S Yoshida, R Zhang, L Zhu, Y Zinonos, Z Zutshi, V Zenis, T van Woerden, MC AF Abdallah, J. Alexa, C. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Amor Dos Santos, S. P. Anderson, K. J. Arabidze, G. Araque, J. P. Artamonov, A. Asquith, L. Astalos, R. Mayes, J. Backus Bartos, P. Batkova, L. Bertolucci, F. Bylund, O. Bessidskaia Blanco Castro, A. Blazek, T. Bohm, C. Boumediene, D. Boveia, A. Brown, H. Busato, E. Calkins, R. Calvet, D. Calvet, S. Toro, R. Camacho Caminal Armadans, R. Carli, T. Carvalho, J. Cascella, M. Castro, N. F. Cavasinni, V. Cerqueira, A. S. Chadelas, R. Chakraborty, D. Chekanov, S. Chen, X. Chikovani, L. Choudalakis, G. Cinca, D. Ciubancan, M. Clement, C. Cole, S. Constantinescu, S. Costin, T. Crouau, M. Crozatier, C. Cuciuc, C. -M. Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M. J. Darmora, S. Davidek, T. Del Prete, T. Dita, S. Djobava, T. Dolejsi, J. Dotti, A. Dubreuil, E. Dunford, M. Eriksson, D. Errede, S. Errede, D. Faltova, J. Farbin, A. Febbraro, R. Federic, P. Feng, E. J. Ferrer, A. Fiascaris, M. Fiolhais, M. C. N. Fiorini, L. Francavilla, P. Torregrosa, E. Fullana Galhardo, B. Gellerstedt, K. Ghodbane, N. Giakoumopoulou, V. Giangiobbe, V. Giokaris, N. Glonti, G. L. Gomes, A. Gonzalez Parra, G. Grenier, P. Grinstein, S. Gris, Ph. Guicheney, C. Hakobyan, H. Hard, A. S. Harkusha, S. Heelan, L. Helsens, C. Correia, A. M. Henriques Hernandez Jimenez, Y. Hernandez, C. M. Hign-Rodriguez, E. Hurwitz, M. Huseynov, N. Huston, J. Plante, I. Jen-La Jennens, D. Johansson, K. E. Jon-And, K. Jorge, P. M. Juste Rozas, A. Kapliy, A. Karpov, S. N. Karyukhin, A. N. Khandanyan, H. Khramov, E. Khubua, J. Kim, H. Klimek, P. Korolkov, I. Kruse, A. Kulchitsky, Y. Kurochkin, Y. A. Lafarguette, P. Lambert, D. LeCompte, T. Leitner, R. Leone, S. Liao, H. Lie, K. Lokajicek, M. Lundberg, O. Magalhaes Martins, P. J. Maio, A. Makouski, M. Maneira, J. Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L. Manousakis-Katsikakis, A. Martin, B. Mchedlidze, G. Meehan, S. Garcia, B. R. Mellado Meoni, E. Merritt, F. S. Meyer, C. Miller, D. W. Milstead, D. A. Minashvili, I. A. Mir, L. M. Molander, S. Montejo Berlingen, J. Mosidze, M. Myagkov, A. G. Nemecek, S. Nepomuceno, A. A. Nguyen, D. H. Nikolaenko, V. Nilsson, P. Nodulman, L. Nordkvist, B. Ohm, C. C. Olariu, A. Oleiro Seabra, L. F. Onofre, A. Oreglia, M. J. Pallin, D. Pantea, D. Hernandez, D. Paredes Morales, M. I. Pedraza Pedro, R. Martins, F. M. Pedro Peng, H. Penning, B. Pilcher, J. E. Pina, J. Pleskot, V. Plotnikova, E. Podlyski, F. Popeneciu, G. A. Poveda, J. Pravahan, R. Pribyl, L. Price, L. E. Proudfoot, J. Rocha de Lima, J. G. Roda, C. Dos Santos, D. Roda Saez, S. M. Romano Rossetti, V. Ruiz-Martinez, A. Rusakovich, N. A. Ferrando, B. M. Salvachua Santoni, C. Santos, H. Saraiva, J. G. Says, L. P. Schwartzman, A. Scuri, F. Shimizu, S. Silva, J. Silverstein, S. B. Solans, C. A. Solodkov, A. A. Solovyanov, O. V. Spalla, M. Stanek, R. W. Starchenko, E. A. Starovoitov, P. Stavina, P. Stoicea, G. Succurro, A. Suhr, C. Sumida, T. Sykora, I. Tas, P. Tavares Delgado, A. Tokar, S. Tsiareshka, P. V. Tsiskaridze, V. Tudorache, V. Tudorache, A. Tuggle, J. M. Tylmad, M. Usai, G. Valero, A. Valery, L. Valladolid Gallego, E. Valls Ferrer, J. A. Vazeille, F. Veloso, F. Vichou, I. Vinogradov, V. B. Viret, S. Volpi, M. Wang, C. Weng, Z. White, A. Wilkens, H. G. Yanush, S. Yoshida, R. Zhang, L. Zhu, Y. Zinonos, Z. Zutshi, V. Zenis, T. van Woerden, M. C. CA ATLAS Tile Calorimeter System TI The Laser calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter during the LHC run 1 SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers, sources, particle-beams); Calorimeters; Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors ID SYSTEM AB This article describes the Laser calibration system of the ATLAS hadronic Tile Calorimeter that has been used during the run 1 of the LHC. First, the stability of the system associated readout electronics is studied. It is found to be stable with variations smaller than 0.6 %. Then, the method developed to compute the calibration constants, to correct for the variations of the gain of the calorimeter photomultipliers, is described. These constants were determined with a statistical uncertainty of 0.3 % and a systematic uncertainty of 0.2 % for the central part of the calorimeter and 0.5 % for the end-caps. Finally, the detection and correction of timing mis-configuration of the Tile Calorimeter using the Laser system are also presented. C1 [Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Inst Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Carli, T.; Torregrosa, E. Fullana; Correia, A. M. Henriques; Ohm, C. C.; Pribyl, L.; Shimizu, S.; Sumida, T.; Wilkens, H. G.; van Woerden, M. C.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Astron, Rua Campo Alegre 823, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Arabidze, G.; Huston, J.; Martin, B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Cole, S.; Rocha de Lima, J. G.; Suhr, C.; Zutshi, V.] Northern Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Brown, H.; Darmora, S.; Farbin, A.; Heelan, L.; Hernandez, C. M.; Nilsson, P.; Pravahan, R.; Usai, G.; White, A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, POB 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Amor Dos Santos, S. P.; Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Magalhaes Martins, P. J.; Veloso, F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Errede, S.; Errede, D.; Lie, K.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hard, A. S.; Kruse, A.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Peng, H.; Poveda, J.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Leone, S.; Roda, C.; Scuri, F.; Spalla, M.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.] Iv Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Cerqueira, A. S.] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Elect Circuits Dept, Juiz de Fora, Brazil. [Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Choudalakis, G.; Costin, T.; Dunford, M.; Fiascaris, M.; Hurwitz, M.; Plante, I. Jen-La; Kapliy, A.; Meehan, S.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, C.; Miller, D. W.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Tuggle, J. M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M. J.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Pedro, R.; Tavares Delgado, A.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Faltova, J.; Leitner, R.; Pleskot, V.; Tas, P.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Astalos, R.; Bartos, P.; Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Asquith, L.; Chekanov, S.; Feng, E. J.; LeCompte, T.; Nguyen, D. H.; Nodulman, L.; Price, L. E.; Proudfoot, J.; Ferrando, B. M. Salvachua; Stanek, R. W.; Yoshida, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, High Energy Phys Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.; Tsiskaridze, V.] Tbilisi State Univ, High Energy Phys Inst, Tbilisi, GA USA. [Abdallah, J.; Caminal Armadans, R.; Fiorini, L.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Gonzalez Parra, G.; Grinstein, S.; Helsens, C.; Juste Rozas, A.; Korolkov, I.; Meoni, E.; Mir, L. M.; Montejo Berlingen, J.; Rossetti, V.; Succurro, A.; Volpi, M.] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Barcelona, Spain. [Artamonov, A.] ITEP, Moscow, Russia. [Wang, C.; Weng, Z.; Zhang, L.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Lokajicek, M.; Nemecek, S.; Dos Santos, D. Roda] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ferrer, A.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Hign-Rodriguez, E.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Solans, C. A.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.] Univ Valencia, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Ferrer, A.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Hign-Rodriguez, E.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Solans, C. A.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Ferrer, A.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Hign-Rodriguez, E.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Solans, C. A.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Ferrer, A.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Hign-Rodriguez, E.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Solans, C. A.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Glonti, G. L.; Huseynov, N.; Karpov, S. N.; Khramov, E.; Minashvili, I. A.; Plotnikova, E.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Vinogradov, V. B.] JINR Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amor Dos Santos, S. P.; Araque, J. P.; Blanco Castro, A.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M. J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Magalhaes Martins, P. J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oleiro Seabra, L. F.; Onofre, A.; Pedro, R.; Martins, F. M. Pedro; Pina, J.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Tavares Delgado, A.; Veloso, F.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Chadelas, R.; Cinca, D.; Crouau, M.; Crozatier, C.; Dubreuil, E.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Lafarguette, P.; Lambert, D.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Saez, S. M. Romano; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.; Viret, S.] Clermont Univ, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Chadelas, R.; Cinca, D.; Crouau, M.; Crozatier, C.; Dubreuil, E.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Lafarguette, P.; Lambert, D.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Saez, S. M. Romano; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.; Viret, S.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Chadelas, R.; Cinca, D.; Crouau, M.; Crozatier, C.; Dubreuil, E.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Lafarguette, P.; Lambert, D.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Saez, S. M. Romano; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.; Viret, S.] CNRS IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Popeneciu, G. A.] Natl Inst Res & Dev Isotop & Mol Technol, Dept Phys, Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Alexa, C.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescu, S.; Cuciuc, C. -M.; Dita, S.; Olariu, A.; Pantea, D.; Stoicea, G.; Tudorache, V.; Tudorache, A.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Giakoumopoulou, V.; Giokaris, N.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.] Univ Athens, Phys Dept, Athens, Greece. [Mayes, J. Backus; Grenier, P.; Schwartzman, A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Artamonov, A.; Jennens, D.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Chen, X.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Karyukhin, A. N.; Makouski, M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.] NRC KI, State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys Protvino, Moscow, Russia. [Bylund, O. Bessidskaia; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Molander, S.; Nordkvist, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Tylmad, M.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Amaral Coutinho, Y.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.; Nepomuceno, A. A.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, Armenia. RP Calvet, D (reprint author), Clermont Univ, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, Clermont Ferrand, France.; Calvet, D (reprint author), Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France.; Calvet, D (reprint author), CNRS IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. EM calvet@in2p3.fr RI Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Leitner, Rupert/C-2004-2017; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013 OI Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Leitner, Rupert/0000-0002-2994-2187; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 AR T10005 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/T10005 PG 29 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA EC1OW UT WOS:000387876400005 ER PT J AU Arnaud, Q Armengaud, E Augier, C Benoit, A Berge, L Billard, J Blumer, J de Boissiere, T Broniatowski, A Camus, P Cazes, A Chapellier, M Charlieux, F Dumoulin, L Eitel, K Foerster, N Fourches, N Gascon, J Giuliani, A Gros, M Hehn, L Heuermann, G De Jesus, M Jin, Y Juillard, A Kleifges, M Kozlov, V Kraus, H Kefelian, C Kudryavtsev, VA Le-Sueur, H Marnieros, S Navick, XF Nones, C Olivieri, E Pari, P Paul, B Piro, MC Poda, D Queguiner, E Rozov, S Sanglard, V Schmidt, B Scorza, S Siebenborn, B Tcherniakhovski, D Vagneron, L Weber, M Yakushev, E AF Arnaud, Q. Armengaud, E. Augier, C. Benoit, A. Berge, L. Billard, J. Bluemer, J. de Boissiere, T. Broniatowski, A. Camus, P. Cazes, A. Chapellier, M. Charlieux, F. Dumoulin, L. Eitel, K. Foerster, N. Fourches, N. Gascon, J. Giuliani, A. Gros, M. Hehn, L. Heuermann, G. De Jesus, M. Jin, Y. Juillard, A. Kleifges, M. Kozlov, V. Kraus, H. Kefelian, C. Kudryavtsev, V. A. Le-Sueur, H. Marnieros, S. Navick, X-F. Nones, C. Olivieri, E. Pari, P. Paul, B. Piro, M-C. Poda, D. Queguiner, E. Rozov, S. Sanglard, V. Schmidt, B. Scorza, S. Siebenborn, B. Tcherniakhovski, D. Vagneron, L. Weber, M. Yakushev, E. TI Signals induced by charge-trapping in EDELWEISS FID detectors: analytical modeling and applications SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Charge induction; Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission, etc); Cryogenic detectors; Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.) ID MILLIKELVIN TEMPERATURES; GERMANIUM; IONIZATION; THEOREM AB The EDELWEISS-III direct dark matter search experiment uses cryogenic HP-Ge detectors Fully covered with Inter-Digitized electrodes (FID). They are operated at lowfields (< 1 V/cm), and as a consequence charge-carrier trapping significantly affects both the ionization and heat energy measurements. This paper describes an analytical model of the signals induced by trapped charges in FID detectors based on the Shockley-Ramo theorem. It is used to demonstrate that veto electrodes, initially designed for the sole purpose of surface event rejection, can be used to provide a sensitivity to the depth of the energy deposits, characterize the trapping in the crystals, perform heat and ionization energy corrections and improve the ionization baseline resolutions. These procedures are applied successfully to actual data. C1 [Arnaud, Q.; Augier, C.; Billard, J.; Cazes, A.; Charlieux, F.; Gascon, J.; De Jesus, M.; Juillard, A.; Kefelian, C.; Queguiner, E.; Sanglard, V.; Vagneron, L.] Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3,Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Armengaud, E.; de Boissiere, T.; Fourches, N.; Gros, M.; Navick, X-F.; Nones, C.; Paul, B.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Benoit, A.; Camus, P.] Inst Neel, CNRS, UJF, 25 Rue Martyrs,BP 166, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Berge, L.; Broniatowski, A.; Chapellier, M.; Dumoulin, L.; Giuliani, A.; Le-Sueur, H.; Marnieros, S.; Olivieri, E.; Piro, M-C.; Poda, D.] Univ Paris 11, Univ Paris Saclay, CSNSM, CNRS,IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Bluemer, J.; Broniatowski, A.; Foerster, N.; Heuermann, G.; Kefelian, C.; Scorza, S.] Karlsruher Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys, Gaedestr 1, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Bluemer, J.; Eitel, K.; Hehn, L.; Kozlov, V.; Schmidt, B.; Siebenborn, B.] Karlsruher Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Jin, Y.] CNRS, Lab Photon & Nanostruct, Route Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France. [Kleifges, M.; Tcherniakhovski, D.; Weber, M.] Karlsruher Inst Technol, Inst Prozessdatenverarbeitung & Elekt, Postfach 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Kraus, H.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Kudryavtsev, V. A.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Pari, P.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRAMIS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Rozov, S.; Yakushev, E.] JINR, Lab Nucl Problems, Joliot Curie 6, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. [Arnaud, Q.] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada. [Piro, M-C.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY USA. [Schmidt, B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Arnaud, Q (reprint author), Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3,Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.; Arnaud, Q (reprint author), Queens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada. EM q.arnaud@queensu.ca OI Kudryavtsev, Vitaly/0000-0002-7018-5827 FU German ministry of science and education (BMBF Verbundforschung ATP Proj.) [05A14VKA]; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche; LabEx Lyon Institute of Origins of the Universite de Lyon in the framework Investissements d'Avenir [ANR-10-LABX-0066, ANR-11-IDEX-00007]; LabEx P2IO in the framework Investissements d'Avenir [ANR-10-LABX-0038, ANR-11-IDEX-0003-01]; Science andTechnology Facilities Council (U.K.); Russian Foundation for Basic Research [07-02-00355-a] FX The help of the technical staff of the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane and the participant laboratories is gratefully acknowledged. The EDELWEISS project is supported in part by the German ministry of science and education (BMBF Verbundforschung ATP Proj.-Nr. 05A14VKA), by the Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), by the French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche and the LabEx Lyon Institute of Origins (ANR-10-LABX-0066) of the Universite de Lyon in the framework Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-11-IDEX-00007), by the LabEx P2IO (ANR-10-LABX-0038) in the framework Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-11-IDEX-0003-01) both managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR), by Science andTechnology Facilities Council (U.K.) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 07-02-00355-a). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 AR P10008 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/P10008 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA EC1OV UT WOS:000387876300008 ER PT J AU Billing, MG Greenwald, S Liu, X Li, Y Sabol, D Smith, EN Strohman, CR Palmer, MA Munson, DV Suetsugu, Y AF Billing, M. G. Greenwald, S. Liu, X. Li, Y. Sabol, D. Smith, E. N. Strohman, C. R. Palmer, M. A. Munson, D. V. Suetsugu, Y. TI The conversion of CESR to operate as the test accelerator, CesrTA, Part 4: superconducting wiggler diagnostics SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors; beam-intensity monitors; bunch length monitors); Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - high energy (linear accelerators, synchrotrons) ID ELECTRON; EMISSION AB Cornell's electron/positron storage ring (CESR) was modified over a series of accelerator shutdowns beginning in May 2008, which substantially improves its capability for research and development for particle accelerators. CESR's energy span from 1.8 to 5.6 GeV with both electrons and positrons makes it appropriate for the study of a wide spectrum of accelerator physics issues and instrumentation related to present light sources and future lepton damping rings. Additionally a number of these are also relevant for the beam physics of proton accelerators. This paper, the last in a series of four, describes the vacuum system modifications of the superconducting wigglers to accommodate the diagnostic instrumentation for the study of electron cloud (EC) behavior within wigglers. Earlier papers provided an overview of the accelerator physics program, the general modifications of CESR, the modifications of the vacuum system necessary for the conversion of CESR to the test accelerator, CESRTA, enhanced to study such subjects as low emittance tuning methods, EC effects, intra-beam scattering, fast ion instabilities as well as general improvements to beam instrumentation. While the initial studies of CESRTA focussed on questions related to the International Linear Collider damping ring design, CESR is a very versatile storage ring, capable of studying a wide range of accelerator physics and instrumentation questions. C1 [Billing, M. G.; Greenwald, S.; Liu, X.; Li, Y.; Sabol, D.; Smith, E. N.; Strohman, C. R.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Accelerator Based Sci & Educ, 161 Synchrotron Dr, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Palmer, M. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Bldg 911B,POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Munson, D. V.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. [Suetsugu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Billing, MG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Accelerator Based Sci & Educ, 161 Synchrotron Dr, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM mgb9@cornell.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-0724867]; Japan/US Cooperation Program; Office of Science in the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Energy [DE-FC02-08ER41538] FX Finally, the authors would like to acknowledge the funding agencies that helped support the program. The U.S. National Science Foundation and Department of Energy implemented a joint agreement to fund the CESRTA effort under contracts PHY-0724867 and DE-FC02-08ER41538, respectively. Further program support was provided by the Japan/US Cooperation Program. Finally, the beam dynamics simulations utilized the resources off the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) which is supported by the Office of Science in the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 AR T10009 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/T10009 PG 28 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA EC1OW UT WOS:000387876400009 ER PT J AU Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Litomin, A Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Van de Klundert, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Spilbeeck, A Alves, GA Alda, WL Hensel, C Carvalho, W Chinellato, J Martins, CD Figueiredo, DM Herrera, CM Nogima, H Da Silva, WLP Manganote, EJT Pereira, AV Finger, M Finger, M Jain, S Khurana, R Adamov, G Tsamalaidze, Z Behrens, U Borras, K Campbell, A Costanza, F Gunnellini, P Lobanov, A Melzer-Pellmann, IA Muhl, C Roland, B Sahin, M Saxena, P Hegde, V Kothekar, K Pandey, S Sharma, S Beri, SB Bhawandeep, B Chawla, R Kalsi, A Kaur, A Kaur, M Walia, G Bhattacharya, S Ghosh, S Nandan, S Purohit, A Sharan, M Banerjee, S Bhattacharya, S Bhowmik, S Chatterjee, S Das, P Dewanjee, RK Jain, S Kumar, S Maity, M Majumder, G Mandakini, P Patil, M Sarkar, T Saikh, A Sezen, S Juodagalvis, A Afanasiev, S Bunin, P Ershov, Y Golutvin, I Malakhov, A Moisenz, P Smirnov, V Zarubin, A Chadeeva, M Chistov, R Danilov, M Popova, E Rusinov, V Andreev, Y Dermenev, A Karneyeu, A Krasnikov, N Tlisov, D Toropin, A Epshteyn, V Gavrilov, V Lychkovskaya, N Popov, V Pozdnyakov, I Safronov, G Toms, M Zhokin, A Flacher, H Baskakov, A Belyaev, A Boos, E Dubinin, M Dudko, L Ershov, A Gribushin, A Kaminskiy, A Klyukhin, V Kodolova, O Lokhtin, I Miagkov, I Obraztsov, S Petrushanko, S Savrin, V Snigirev, A Andreev, V Azarkin, M Dremin, I Kirakosyan, M Leonidov, A Terkulov, A Bitioukov, S Elumakhov, D Kalinin, A Krychkine, V Mandrik, P Petrov, V Ryutin, R Sobol, A Troshin, S Volkov, A Adiguzel, A Bakirci, N Cerci, S Damarseckin, S Demiroglu, ZS Dozen, C Dumanoglu, I Eskut, E Girgis, S Gokbulut, G Guler, Y Hos, I Kangal, EE Kara, O Topaksu, AK Kiminsu, U Oglakci, M Onengut, G Ozdemir, K Ozturk, S Polatoz, A Cerci, DS Tali, B Topakli, H Turkcapar, S Zorbakir, IS Zorbilmez, C Bilin, B Isildak, B Karapinar, G Guler, AM Ocalan, K Yalvac, M Zeyrek, M Gulmez, E Kaya, M Kaya, O Yetkin, EA Yetkin, T Cankocak, K Sen, S Boyarintsev, A Grynyov, B Levchuk, L Popov, V Sorokin, P Borzou, A Call, K Dittmann, J Hatakeyama, K Liu, H Pastika, N Charaf, O Cooper, SI Henderson, C Rumerio, P West, C Arcaro, D Gastler, D Hazen, E Rohlf, J Sulak, L Wu, S Zou, D Hakala, J Heintz, U Kwok, KHM Laird, E Landsberg, G Mao, Z Gary, JW Shirazi, SMG Lacroix, F Long, OR Wei, H Bhandari, R Heller, R Stuart, D Yoo, JH Apresyan, A Chen, Y Duarte, J Spiropulu, M Winn, D Abdullin, S Chlebana, F Freeman, J Green, D Hare, D Hirschauer, J Joshi, U Lincoln, D Los, S Pedro, K Spalding, WJ Strobbe, N Tkaczyk, S Whitbeck, A Linn, S Markowitz, P Martinez, G Bertoldi, M Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Kolberg, T Baarmand, MM Noonan, D Roy, T Yumiceva, F Bilki, B Clarida, W Debbins, P Dilsiz, K Durgut, S Gandrajula, RP Haytmyradov, M Khristenko, V Merlo, JP Mermerkaya, H Mestvirishvili, A Miller, M Moeller, A Nachtman, J Ogul, H Onel, Y Ozok, F Penzo, A Schmidt, I Snyder, C Southwick, D Tiras, E Yi, K Al-bataineh, A Bowen, J Castle, J McBrayer, W Murray, M Wang, Q Kaadze, K Maravin, Y Mohammadi, A Saini, LK Baden, A Belloni, A Eno, SC Ferraioli, C Grassi, T Hadley, NJ Jeng, GY Kellogg, RG Kunkle, J Mignerey, A Ricci-Tam, F Shin, YH Skuja, A Tonjes, MB Yang, ZS Apyan, A Bierwagen, K Brandt, S Klute, M Niu, X Chatterjee, RM Evans, A Frahm, E Kubota, Y Lesko, Z Mans, J Ruckstuhl, N Heering, A Karmgard, DJ Musienko, Y Ruchti, R Wayne, M Benaglia, AD Medvedeva, T Mei, K Tully, C Bodek, A de Barbaro, P Galanti, M Garcia-Bellido, A Khukhunaishvili, A Lo, KH Vishnevskiy, D Zielinski, M Agapitos, A Chou, JP Hughes, E Saka, H Sheffield, D Akchurin, N Damgov, J De Guio, F Dudero, PR Faulkner, J Gurpinar, E Kunori, S Lamichhane, K Lee, SW Libeiro, T Undleeb, S Volobouev, I Wang, Z Goadhouse, S Hirosky, R Wang, Y AF Khachatryan, V. Sirunyan, A. M. Tumasyan, A. Litomin, A. Mossolov, V. Shumeiko, N. Van de Klundert, M. Van Haevermaet, H. Van Mechelen, P. Van Spilbeeck, A. Alves, G. A. Alda Junior, W. L. Hensel, C. Carvalho, W. Chinellato, J. De Oliveira Martins, C. Matos Figueiredo, D. Herrera, C. Mora Nogima, H. Prado Da Silva, W. L. Tonelli Manganote, E. J. Vilela Pereira, A. Finger, M. Finger, M. Jain, S. Khurana, R. Adamov, G. Tsamalaidze, Z. Behrens, U. Borras, K. Campbell, A. Costanza, F. Gunnellini, P. Lobanov, A. Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A. Muhl, C. Roland, B. Sahin, M. Saxena, P. Hegde, V. Kothekar, K. Pandey, S. Sharma, S. Beri, S. B. Bhawandeep, B. Chawla, R. Kalsi, A. Kaur, A. Kaur, M. Walia, G. Bhattacharya, S. Ghosh, S. Nandan, S. Purohit, A. Sharan, M. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Bhowmik, S. Chatterjee, S. Das, P. Dewanjee, R. K. Jain, S. Kumar, S. Maity, M. Majumder, G. Mandakini, P. Patil, M. Sarkar, T. Saikh, A. Sezen, S. Juodagalvis, A. Afanasiev, S. Bunin, P. Ershov, Y. Golutvin, I. Malakhov, A. Moisenz, P. Smirnov, V. Zarubin, A. Chadeeva, M. Chistov, R. Danilov, M. Popova, E. Rusinov, V. Andreev, Yu. Dermenev, A. Karneyeu, A. Krasnikov, N. Tlisov, D. Toropin, A. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, V. Lychkovskaya, N. Popov, V. Pozdnyakov, I. Safronov, G. Toms, M. Zhokin, A. Flacher, H. Baskakov, A. Belyaev, A. Boos, E. Dubinin, M. Dudko, L. Ershov, A. Gribushin, A. Kaminskiy, A. Klyukhin, V. Kodolova, O. Lokhtin, I. Miagkov, I. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko, S. Savrin, V. Snigirev, A. Andreev, V. Azarkin, M. Dremin, I. Kirakosyan, M. Leonidov, A. Terkulov, A. Bitioukov, S. Elumakhov, D. Kalinin, A. Krychkine, V. Mandrik, P. Petrov, V. Ryutin, R. Sobol, A. Troshin, S. Volkov, A. Adiguzel, A. Bakirci, N. Cerci, S. Damarseckin, S. Demiroglu, Z. S. Dozen, C. Dumanoglu, I. Eskut, E. Girgis, S. Gokbulut, G. Guler, Y. Hos, I. Kangal, E. E. Kara, O. Topaksu, A. Kayis Kiminsu, U. Oglakci, M. Onengut, G. Ozdemir, K. w Ozturk, S. Polatoz, A. Cerci, D. Sunar Tali, B. Topakli, H. Turkcapar, S. Zorbakir, I. S. Zorbilmez, C. Bilin, B. Isildak, B. Karapinar, G. Guler, A. Murat Ocalan, K. Yalvac, M. Zeyrek, M. Gulmez, E. Kaya, M. Kaya, O. Yetkin, E. A. Yetkin, T. Cankocak, K. Sen, S. Boyarintsev, A. Grynyov, B. Levchuk, L. Popov, V. Sorokin, P. Borzou, A. Call, K. Dittmann, J. Hatakeyama, K. Liu, H. Pastika, N. Charaf, O. Cooper, S. I. Henderson, C. Rumerio, P. West, C. Arcaro, D. Gastler, D. Hazen, E. Rohlf, J. Sulak, L. Wu, S. Zou, D. Hakala, J. Heintz, U. Kwok, K. H. M. Laird, E. Landsberg, G. Mao, Z. Gary, J. W. Shirazi, S. M. Ghiasi Lacroix, F. Long, O. R. Wei, H. Bhandari, R. Heller, R. Stuart, D. Yoo, J. H. Apresyan, A. Chen, Y. Duarte, J. Spiropulu, M. Winn, D. Banerjee, S. Chlebana, F. Freeman, J. Green, D. Hare, D. Hirschauer, J. Joshi, U. Lincoln, D. Los, S. Pedro, K. Spalding, W. J. Strobbe, N. Tkaczyk, S. Whitbeck, A. Linn, S. Markowitz, P. Martinez, G. Bertoldi, M. Hagopian, S. Hagopian, V. Kolberg, T. Baarmand, M. M. Noonan, D. Roy, T. Yumiceva, F. Bilki, B. Clarida, W. Debbins, P. Dilsiz, K. Durgut, S. Gandrajula, R. P. Haytmyradov, M. Khristenko, V. Merlo, J. -P. Mermerkaya, H. Mestvirishvili, A. Miller, M. Moeller, A. Nachtman, J. Ogul, H. Onel, Y. Ozok, F. Penzo, A. Schmidt, I. Snyder, C. Southwick, D. Tiras, E. Yi, K. Al-bataineh, A. Bowen, J. Castle, J. McBrayer, W. Murray, M. Wang, Q. Kaadze, K. Maravin, Y. Mohammadi, A. Saini, L. K. Baden, A. Belloni, A. Eno, S. C. Ferraioli, C. Grassi, T. Hadley, N. J. Jeng, G. -Y. Kellogg, R. G. Kunkle, J. Mignerey, A. Ricci-Tam, F. Shin, Y. H. Skuja, A. Tonjes, M. B. Yang, Z. S. Apyan, A. Bierwagen, K. Brandt, S. Klute, M. Niu, X. Chatterjee, R. M. Evans, A. Frahm, E. Kubota, Y. Lesko, Z. Mans, J. Ruckstuhl, N. Heering, A. Karmgard, D. J. Musienko, Y. Ruchti, R. Wayne, M. Benaglia, A. D. Medvedeva, T. Mei, K. Tully, C. Bodek, A. de Barbaro, P. Galanti, M. Garcia-Bellido, A. Khukhunaishvili, A. Lo, K. H. Vishnevskiy, D. Zielinski, M. Agapitos, A. Chou, J. P. Hughes, E. Saka, H. Sheffield, D. Akchurin, N. Damgov, J. De Guio, F. Dudero, P. R. Faulkner, J. Gurpinar, E. Kunori, S. Lamichhane, K. Lee, S. W. Libeiro, T. Undleeb, S. Volobouev, I. Wang, Z. Goadhouse, S. Hirosky, R. Wang, Y. CA CMS-HCAL Collaboration TI Dose rate effects in the radiation damage of the plastic scintillators of the CMS hadron endcap calorimeter SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Radiation damage to detector materials (solid state); Radiation-hard detectors; Scintillators and scintillating fibres and light guides; Calorimeters ID WAVELENGTH SHIFTERS; STABILITY; RECOVERY; CENTERS AB We present measurements of the reduction of light output by plastic scintillators irradiated in the CMS detector during the 8 TeV run of the Large Hadron Collider and show that they indicate a strong dose rate effect. The damage for a given dose is larger for lower dose rate exposures. The results agree with previous measurements of dose rate effects, but are stronger due to the very low dose rates probed. We show that the scaling with dose rate is consistent with that expected from diffusion effects. C1 [Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, Armenia. [Litomin, A.; Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Van de Klundert, M.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [Alves, G. A.; Alda Junior, W. L.; Hensel, C.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Carvalho, W.; Chinellato, J.; De Oliveira Martins, C.; Matos Figueiredo, D.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nogima, H.; Prado Da Silva, W. L.; Tonelli Manganote, E. J.; Vilela Pereira, A.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Jain, S.; Khurana, R.; Kwok, K. H. M.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. 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[Tsamalaidze, Z.; Afanasiev, S.; Bunin, P.; Ershov, Y.; Golutvin, I.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Smirnov, V.; Zarubin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Chadeeva, M.; Chistov, R.; Danilov, M.; Popova, E.; Rusinov, V.] Natl Res Nucl Univ, Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Karneyeu, A.; Krasnikov, N.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.] Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Pozdnyakov, I.; Safronov, G.; Toms, M.; Zhokin, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Flacher, H.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Baskakov, A.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kaminskiy, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Miagkov, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Petrushanko, S.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Terkulov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Bitioukov, S.; Elumakhov, D.; Kalinin, A.; Krychkine, V.; Mandrik, P.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Troshin, S.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adiguzel, A.; Dozen, C.; Eskut, E.; Gokbulut, G.; Kangal, E. E.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Polatoz, A.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Zorbilmez, C.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Bilin, B.; Isildak, B.; Karapinar, G.; Guler, A. Murat; Ocalan, K.; Yalvac, M.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Yetkin, E. A.; Yetkin, T.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.; Sen, S.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Boyarintsev, A.; Grynyov, B.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Scintillat Mat, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Levchuk, L.; Popov, V.; Sorokin, P.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Borzou, A.; Call, K.; Dittmann, J.; Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Pastika, N.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Cooper, S. I.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.; West, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Arcaro, D.; Gastler, D.; Hazen, E.; Rohlf, J.; Sulak, L.; Wu, S.; Zou, D.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hakala, J.; Heintz, U.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Mao, Z.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI USA. [Gary, J. W.; Shirazi, S. M. Ghiasi; Lacroix, F.; Long, O. R.; Wei, H.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Bhandari, R.; Heller, R.; Stuart, D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dubinin, M.; Yoo, J. H.; Apresyan, A.; Chen, Y.; Duarte, J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Spiropulu, M.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Winn, D.; Banerjee, S.; Chlebana, F.; Freeman, J.; Green, D.; Hare, D.; Hirschauer, J.; Joshi, U.; Lincoln, D.; Los, S.; Pedro, K.; Spalding, W. 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C.; Ferraioli, C.; Grassi, T.; Hadley, N. J.; Jeng, G. -Y.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kunkle, J.; Mignerey, A.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Shin, Y. H.; Skuja, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Yang, Z. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Bierwagen, K.; Brandt, S.; Niu, X.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chatterjee, R. M.; Evans, A.; Frahm, E.; Kubota, Y.; Lesko, Z.; Mans, J.; Ruckstuhl, N.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Heering, A.; Karmgard, D. J.; Musienko, Y.; Ruchti, R.; Wayne, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Benaglia, A. D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mei, K.; Tully, C.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bodek, A.; de Barbaro, P.; Galanti, M.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Lo, K. H.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Agapitos, A.; Chou, J. P.; Hughes, E.; Saka, H.; Sheffield, D.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; De Guio, F.; Dudero, P. 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RP Eno, SC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM eno@umd.edu RI Manganote, Edmilson/K-8251-2013; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Chistov, Ruslan/B-4893-2014; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015; Chadeeva, Marina/C-8789-2016; Ogul, Hasan/S-7951-2016; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Danilov, Mikhail/C-5380-2014 OI Chistov, Ruslan/0000-0003-1439-8390; Chadeeva, Marina/0000-0003-1814-1218; Ogul, Hasan/0000-0002-5121-2893; Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164 FU BMWFW (Austria); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER (Estonia); ERC IUT (Estonia); ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NIH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP (Republic of Korea); NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); MOE (Malaysia); UM (Malaysia); BUAP (Mexico); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); LNS (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter (Thailand); IPST (Thailand); STAR (Thailand); NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (U.S.A.); NSF (U.S.A.) FX We would like to thank the CMS BRIL group for doing the FLUKA calculation and the staffs at the Michigan Memorial Phoenix source and the Argonne source for their help. We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 AR T10004 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/T10004 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA EC1OW UT WOS:000387876400004 ER PT J AU Fassbinder-Orth, CA Wilcoxen, TE Tran, T Boughton, RK Fair, JM Hofmeister, EK Grindstaff, JL Owen, JC AF Fassbinder-Orth, Carol A. Wilcoxen, Travis E. Tran, Tiffany Boughton, Raoul K. Fair, Jeanne M. Hofmeister, Erik K. Grindstaff, Jennifer L. Owen, Jen C. TI Immunoglobulin detection inwild birds: effectiveness of three secondary anti-avian IgY antibodies in direct ELISAs in 41 avian species SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE bird; Ecoimmunology; ELISA; IgY; non-model organisms; passerine ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; WILD BIRDS; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; PLASMA; SERUM; IMMUNOASSAY; ARBOVIRUSES; PREVALENCE; PASSERINES AB 1. Immunological reagents for wild, non-model species are limited or often non-existent for many species. 2. In this study, we compare the reactivity of a newanti-passerine IgY secondary antibody with existing secondary antibodies developed for use with birds. Samples from 41 species from the following six avian orders were analysed: Anseriformes (1 family, 1 species), Columbiformes (1 family, 2 species), Galliformes (1 family, 1 species), Passeriformes (16 families, 34 species), Piciformes (1 family, 2 species) and Suliformes (1 family, 1 species). Direct ELISAs were performed to detect total IgY using goat anti-passerine IgY, goat anti-chicken IgY or goat anti-bird IgY secondary antibodies. 3. The anti-passerine antibody exhibited significantly higher IgY reactivity compared to the anti-chicken and/or anti-bird antibodies in 80% of the passerine families tested. Birds in the order Piciformes (woodpeckers) and order Suliformes (cormorants) were poorly detected by all three secondary antibodies. A comparison of serum and plasma IgY levels was made within the same individuals for two passerine species (house finch and white-crowned sparrow), and serum exhibited significantly more IgY than the plasma for all three secondary antibodies. This result indicates that serummay be preferred to plasma whenmeasuring total antibody levels in blood. 4. This study indicates that the anti-passerine IgY secondary antibody can effectively be used in immunological assays to detect passerine IgY for species in most passerine families and is preferred over anti-chicken and anti-bird secondary antibodies for the majority of passerine species. This anti-passerine antibody will allow for more accurate detection and quantification of IgY in more wild bird species than was possible with previously available secondary antibodies. C1 [Fassbinder-Orth, Carol A.; Tran, Tiffany] Creighton Univ, Dept Biol, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Wilcoxen, Travis E.] Millikin Univ, Dept Biol, 1184 West Main St, Decatur, IL 62522 USA. [Boughton, Raoul K.] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr Wildlife Ecol & Conse, 3401 Expt Stn, Ona, FL 33865 USA. [Fair, Jeanne M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Global Secur Emerging Threats, MS K404, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hofmeister, Erik K.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Grindstaff, Jennifer L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Owen, Jen C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Fassbinder-Orth, CA (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Dept Biol, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. EM carolfassbinder-orth@creighton.edu FU Creighton College of Arts and Sciences Research Initiative Grant; National Institutes of Health [1R15HD066378-01] FX We thank Bethyl Laboratories for providing the anti-passerine antibody for sample testing. We thank Brianne Addison, Rachel Hanauer, Dana Hawley and Kirk Klasing for contributing samples for the production of Bethyl Laboratories' anti-passerine antibody. We also thank Ellecia Rainwater, Molly Hiatt and Cara Franey for their technical assistance. This research was funded by Creighton College of Arts and Sciences Research Initiative Grant to CFO and National Institutes of Health grant 1R15HD066378-01 to JLG. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1174 EP 1181 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12583 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EB8VZ UT WOS:000387670700005 PM 27800150 ER PT J AU Barton, JL Wang, YQ Doerner, RP Tynan, GR AF Barton, J. L. Wang, Y. Q. Doerner, R. P. Tynan, G. R. TI Model development of plasma implanted hydrogenic diffusion and trapping in ion beam damaged tungsten SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE tritium retention; radiation damage; tungsten; diffusion modeling ID POLYCRYSTALLINE TUNGSTEN; DEUTERIUM RETENTION; FACING COMPONENTS; ISOTOPE-EXCHANGE; FUSION-REACTORS; FLUX; DEPTHS; PISCES; WALL AB A Cu ion beam is used to induce controlled levels of damage (10(-3), 10(-2), and 10(-1) dpa) in room temperature W samples. A single 5 MeV beam energy yielding a peaked damage profile 0.8 mu m into the material, or three beam energies (0.5, 2, and 5 MeV) producing a relatively uniform damage profile from the near surface up to 0.8 mu m were used. The W samples were then exposed to a D plasma ion fluence of 10(24) ions m(-2) at 380 K, and the resulting D retention was measured using the D(He-3, p)He-4 reaction analysis (NRA) and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS). We observe that within experimental error there is no significant difference in retention whether the damage profile is peaked or uniform. The increase in retention is observed to increase proportional to dpa(0.66) estimated from the dpa peak calculated from the SRIM program. A simplified retention model is proposed that provides concentration profiles that can be directly compared to NRA data and total retention measurements. Taking the trapping energies due to three defect types calculated from density functional theory (DFT), the only free-parameters are three defect densities of in-grain monovacancies, dislocations, and grain boundary vacancies, and we assume these defects to be the dominant trapping locations. The model can fit D retention data in a pristine W sample within the experimental error of the measurements, and in subsequent modeling these intrinsic defect densities are then fixed. We model the retention profile after ion damage by adding the SRIM predicted vacancy profile to the intrinsic monovacancy defect density. Since the increase in retention, and therefore the increase in vacancy production, does not increase linearly with dpa, a correction factor is multiplied to the predicted vacancy profile to fit the data. A new diffusion coefficient is calculated with the model that is a function of the concentration of trapped atoms. This calculation may resolve discrepancies of various diffusivity measurements and models in the literature. C1 [Barton, J. L.; Doerner, R. P.; Tynan, G. R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Wang, Y. Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Barton, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jbarton@ucsd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0001999, DE-FG02-07ER54912]; University of California Office of President Research Fund [12-LR-237801] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-SC0001999 and DE-FG02-07ER54912 and the University of California Office of President Research Fund under Award Number 12-LR-237801. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 10 AR 106030 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/56/10/106030 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DW9CQ UT WOS:000383953000034 ER PT J AU Menard, JE Brown, T El-Guebaly, L Boyer, M Canik, J Colling, B Raman, R Wang, Z Zhai, Y Buxton, P Covele, B D'Angelo, C Davis, A Gerhardt, S Gryaznevich, M Harb, M Hender, TC Kaye, S Kingham, D Kotschenreuther, M Mahajan, S Maingi, R Marriott, E Meier, ET Mynsberge, L Neumeyer, C Ono, M Park, JK Sabbagh, SA Soukhanovskii, V Valanju, P Woolley, R AF Menard, J. E. Brown, T. El-Guebaly, L. Boyer, M. Canik, J. Colling, B. Raman, R. Wang, Z. Zhai, Y. Buxton, P. Covele, B. D'Angelo, C. Davis, A. Gerhardt, S. Gryaznevich, M. Harb, M. Hender, T. C. Kaye, S. Kingham, D. Kotschenreuther, M. Mahajan, S. Maingi, R. Marriott, E. Meier, E. T. Mynsberge, L. Neumeyer, C. Ono, M. Park, J. -K. Sabbagh, S. A. Soukhanovskii, V. Valanju, P. Woolley, R. TI Fusion nuclear science facilities and pilot plants based on the spherical tokamak SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE fusion nuclear science facility; pilot plant; spherical tokamak; tritium breeding; negative neutral beams; super-X divertor; high-temperature superconductors ID RESISTIVE WALL MODE; LOW-ASPECT-RATIO; HIGH-BETA PLASMAS; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; TORUS EXPERIMENT NSTX; STABILITY LIMITS; POWER-PLANT; ARIES-AT; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; CURRENT DRIVE AB A fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF) could play an important role in the development of fusion energy by providing the nuclear environment needed to develop fusion materials and components. The spherical torus/tokamak (ST) is a leading candidate for an FNSF due to its potentially high neutron wall loading and modular configuration. A key consideration for the choice of FNSF configuration is the range of achievable missions as a function of device size. Possible missions include: providing high neutron wall loading and fluence, demonstrating tritium self-sufficiency, and demonstrating electrical self-sufficiency. All of these missions must also be compatible with a viable divertor, first-wall, and blanket solution. ST-FNSF configurations have been developed simultaneously incorporating for the first time: (1) a blanket system capable of tritium breeding ratio TBR approximate to 1, (2) a poloidal field coil set supporting high elongation and triangularity for a range of internal inductance and normalized beta values consistent with NSTX/NSTX-U previous/planned operation, (3) a long-legged divertor analogous to the MAST-U divertor which substantially reduces projected peak divertor heat-flux and has all outboard poloidal field coils outside the vacuum chamber and superconducting to reduce power consumption, and (4) a vertical maintenance scheme in which blanket structures and the centerstack can be removed independently. Progress in these ST-FNSF missions versus configuration studies including dependence on plasma major radius R-0 for a range 1 m-2.2 m are described. In particular, it is found the threshold major radius for TBR = 1 is R-0 >= 1.7 m, and a smaller R-0 = 1 m ST device has TBR approximate to 0.9 which is below unity but substantially reduces T consumption relative to not breeding. Calculations of neutral beam heating and current drive for non-inductive ramp-up and sustainment are described. An A = 2, R-0 = 3 m device incorporating high-temperature superconductor toroidal field coil magnets capable of high neutron fluence and both tritium and electrical self-sufficiency is also presented following systematic aspect ratio studies. C1 [Menard, J. E.; Brown, T.; Boyer, M.; Wang, Z.; Zhai, Y.; Gerhardt, S.; Kaye, S.; Maingi, R.; Neumeyer, C.; Ono, M.; Park, J. -K.; Woolley, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [El-Guebaly, L.; D'Angelo, C.; Davis, A.; Harb, M.; Marriott, E.; Mynsberge, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Canik, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Colling, B.; Hender, T. C.] Culham Sci Ctr, CCFE, Abingdon, Oxon, England. [Raman, R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Buxton, P.; Gryaznevich, M.; Kingham, D.] Tokamak Energy Ltd, Milton Pk, Oxon, England. [Covele, B.; Kotschenreuther, M.; Mahajan, S.; Valanju, P.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX USA. [Meier, E. T.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA USA. [Sabbagh, S. A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Meier, E. T.; Soukhanovskii, V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Menard, JE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM jmenard@pppl.gov FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]; Research Councils UK Energy Programme [EP/I501045]; Tokamak Energy, LTD (UK) FX This work was supported primarily by the U.S. DOE Contract Number DE-AC02-09CH11466. CCFE authors were funded by the Research Councils UK Energy Programme grant number EP/I501045. Configuration development for a thin-shield R0 = 1.4 m HTS ST pilot plant concept [170] was supported by Tokamak Energy, LTD (UK). The digital data for this paper can be found in: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01pn89d906g NR 202 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 10 AR 106023 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/56/10/106023 PG 43 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DW9CQ UT WOS:000383953000027 ER PT J AU Piron, C Martin, P Bonfiglio, D Hanson, J Logan, NC Paz-Soldan, C Piovesan, P Turco, F Bialek, J Franz, P Jackson, G Lanctot, MJ Navratil, GA Okabayashi, M Strait, E Terranova, D Turnbull, A AF Piron, C. Martin, P. Bonfiglio, D. Hanson, J. Logan, N. C. Paz-Soldan, C. Piovesan, P. Turco, F. Bialek, J. Franz, P. Jackson, G. Lanctot, M. J. Navratil, G. A. Okabayashi, M. Strait, E. Terranova, D. Turnbull, A. TI Interaction of external n=1 magnetic fields with the sawtooth instability in low-q RFX-mod and DIII-D tokamaks SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE sawtooth instability; 3D magnetic fields; low-q plasmas ID DISCHARGES AB External n = 1 magnetic fields are applied in RFX-mod and DIII-D low safety factor Tokamak plasmas to investigate their interaction with the internal MHD dynamics and in particular with the sawtooth instability. In these experiments the applied magnetic fields cause a reduction of both the sawtooth amplitude and period, leading to an overall stabilizing effect on the oscillations. In RFX-mod sawteeth eventually disappear and are replaced by a stationary m = 1, n = 1 helical equilibrium without an increase in disruptivity. However toroidal rotation is significantly reduced in these plasmas, thus it is likely that the sawtooth mitigation in these experiments is due to the combination of the helically deformed core and the reduced rotation. The former effect is qualitatively well reproduced by nonlinear MHD simulations performed with the PIXIE3D code. The results obtained in these RFX-mod experiments motivated similar ones in DIII-D L-mode diverted Tokamak plasmas at low q(95). These experiments succeeded in reproducing the sawtooth mitigation with the approach developed in RFX-mod. In DIII-D this effect is correlated with a clear increase of the n = 1 plasma response, that indicates an enhancement of the coupling to the marginally stable n = 1 external kink, as simulations with the linear MHD code IPEC suggest. A significant rotation braking in the plasma core is also observed in DIII-D. Numerical calculations of the neoclassical toroidal viscosity (NTV) carried out with PENT identify this torque as a possible contributor for this effect. C1 [Piron, C.; Martin, P.; Bonfiglio, D.; Piovesan, P.; Franz, P.; Terranova, D.] Univ Padua, Acciaierie Venete SpA, Consorzio RFX, CNR,ENEA,INFN, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. [Hanson, J.; Turco, F.; Bialek, J.; Navratil, G. A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Math & Appl Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Logan, N. C.; Okabayashi, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Paz-Soldan, C.; Jackson, G.; Lanctot, M. J.; Strait, E.; Turnbull, A.] Gen Atom, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Piron, C (reprint author), Univ Padua, Acciaierie Venete SpA, Consorzio RFX, CNR,ENEA,INFN, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. EM chiara.piron@igi.cnr.it FU US DOE [DE-FG02-04ER54761, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FC02-04ER54698]; European Unions Horizon research and innovation program [633053] FX This work is supported by US DOE under DE-FG02-04ER54761, DE-AC02-09CH11466, and DE-FC02-04ER54698. This project has received funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 10 AR 106012 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/56/10/106012 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DW9CQ UT WOS:000383953000016 ER PT J AU Ren, H Xu, XQ AF Ren, H. Xu, X. Q. TI Analytical collisionless damping rate of geodesic acoustic mode SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE geodesic acoustic mode; collisionless; Landau damping ID ZONAL FLOWS; EXCITATION; PLASMAS AB Collisionless damping of geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) is analytically investigated by considering the finite-orbit-width (FOW) resonance effect to the 3rd order in the gyro-kinetic equations. A concise and transparent expression for the damping rate is presented for the first time. Good agreement is found between the analytical damping rate and the previous TEMPEST simulation result (Xu 2008 et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 215001) for systematic q scans. Our result also shows that it is of sufficient accuracy and has to take into account the FOW effect to the 3rd order. C1 [Ren, H.] Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Ren, H.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Xu, X. Q.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ren, H (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Ren, H (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. EM hjren@ustc.edu.cn FU China National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Research Project [2015GB120005, 2013GB112011] FX We thank M.A. Dorf for kindly supplying the COGENT data. This work was supported by the China National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Research Project under Grant Nos. 2015GB120005 and 2013GB112011. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 10 AR 106008 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/56/10/106008 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DW9CQ UT WOS:000383953000012 ER PT J AU Silva, C Hillesheim, JC Hidalgo, C Belonohy, E Delabie, E Gil, L Maggi, CF Meneses, L Solano, E Tsalas, M AF Silva, C. Hillesheim, J. C. Hidalgo, C. Belonohy, E. Delabie, E. Gil, L. Maggi, C. F. Meneses, L. Solano, E. Tsalas, M. CA JET Contributors TI Experimental investigation of geodesic acoustic modes on JET using Doppler backscattering SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE edge turbulence; GAMs; Doppler backscattering ID ZONAL FLOWS; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; REFLECTOMETRY; OSCILLATIONS; WAVES AB Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) have been investigated in JET ohmic discharges using mainly Doppler backscattering. Characteristics and scaling properties of the GAM are studied. Time and spatial resolved measurements of the perpendicular velocity indicate that GAMs are located in a narrow layer at the edge density gradient region with amplitude corresponding to about 50% of the mean local perpendicular velocity. GAMs on JET appear to be regulated by the turbulence drive rather than by their damping rate. It is also shown that the GAM amplitude is similar to 20% larger in deuterium than in hydrogen plasmas. C1 [Silva, C.; Hillesheim, J. C.; Hidalgo, C.; Belonohy, E.; Delabie, E.; Gil, L.; Maggi, C. F.; Meneses, L.; Solano, E.; Tsalas, M.; JET Contributors] EUROfus Consortium, JET, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Silva, C.; Gil, L.; Meneses, L.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, Lisbon, Portugal. [Hillesheim, J. C.; Maggi, C. F.] Culham Sci Ctr, CCFE, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Hidalgo, C.; Solano, E.] CIEMAT, Lab Nacl Fus, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Belonohy, E.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Delabie, E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Tsalas, M.] FOM Inst DIFFER, Nieuwegein, Netherlands. RP Silva, C (reprint author), EUROfus Consortium, JET, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.; Silva, C (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, Lisbon, Portugal. EM csilva@ipfn.tecnico.ulisboa.pt RI Hidalgo, Carlos/H-6109-2015; Solano, Emilia/A-1212-2009 OI Solano, Emilia/0000-0002-4815-3407 FU Euratom research and training programme [633053]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [UID/FIS/50010/2013] FX This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement No 633053. IST activities also received financial support from 'Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia' through project UID/FIS/50010/2013. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 10 AR 106026 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/56/10/106026 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DW9CQ UT WOS:000383953000030 ER PT J AU Teng, Q Brennan, DP Delgado-Aparicio, L Gates, DA Swerdlow, J White, RB AF Teng, Q. Brennan, D. P. Delgado-Aparicio, L. Gates, D. A. Swerdlow, J. White, R. B. TI A predictive model for the tokamak density limit SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE density limit; tearing mode; impurity radiation ID TEARING MODE; PLASMAS; DISRUPTIONS; JET AB The Greenwald density limit, found in all tokamak experiments, is reproduced for the first time using a phenomenologically correct model with parameters in the range of experiments. A simple model of equilibrium evolution and local power balance inside the island has been implemented to calculate the radiation-driven thermo-resistive tearing mode growth and explain the density limit. Strong destabilization of the tearing mode due to an imbalance of local Ohmic heating and radiative cooling in the island predicts the density limit within a few percent. The density limit is found to be a local edge limit and weakly dependent on impurity densities. Results are robust to a substantial variation in model parameters within the range of experiments. C1 [Teng, Q.; Brennan, D. P.; Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Gates, D. A.; Swerdlow, J.; White, R. B.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Teng, Q (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM qteng@pppl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-SC0004125] FX The first author would like to thank A. Reiman, G. Dong and Di Hu for fruitful discussions about the tearing mode theory. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-09CH11466 and DE-SC0004125. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 10 AR 106001 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/56/10/106001 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DW9CQ UT WOS:000383953000005 ER PT J AU Elbakhshwan, MS Gill, SK Motta, AT Weidner, R Anderson, T Ecker, LE AF Elbakhshwan, Mohamed S. Gill, Simerjeet K. Motta, Arthur T. Weidner, Randy Anderson, Thomas Ecker, Lynne E. TI Sample environment for in situ synchrotron corrosion studies of materials in extreme environments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; THERMAL-OXIDATION; INITIAL OXIDATION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS; ZIRCALOY-2; STEAM; MICROSTRUCTURE; MECHANISM; REACTOR AB A new in situ sample environment has been designed and developed to study the interfacial interactions of nuclear cladding alloys with high temperature steam. The sample environment is particularly optimized for synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies for in situ structural analysis. The sample environment is highly corrosion resistant and can be readily adapted for steam environments. The in situ sample environment design complies with G2 ASTM standards for studying corrosion in zirconium and its alloys and offers remote temperature and pressure monitoring during the in situ data collection. The use of the in situ sample environment is exemplified by monitoring the oxidation of metallic zirconium during exposure to steam at 350 degrees C. The in situ sample environment provides a powerful tool for fundamental understanding of corrosion mechanisms by elucidating the substoichiometric oxide phases formed during the early stages of corrosion, which can provide a better understanding of the oxidation process. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Elbakhshwan, Mohamed S.; Gill, Simerjeet K.; Weidner, Randy; Anderson, Thomas; Ecker, Lynne E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Motta, Arthur T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gill, SK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gills@bnl.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 87 IS 10 AR 105122 DI 10.1063/1.4964101 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA EB8SS UT WOS:000387661900075 PM 27802754 ER PT J AU Nagler, B Schropp, A Galtier, EC Arnold, B Brown, SB Fry, A Gleason, A Granados, E Hashim, A Hastings, JB Samberg, D Seiboth, F Tavella, F Xing, Z Lee, HJ Schroer, CG AF Nagler, Bob Schropp, Andreas Galtier, Eric C. Arnold, Brice Brown, Shaughnessy B. Fry, Alan Gleason, Arianna Granados, Eduardo Hashim, Akel Hastings, Jerome B. Samberg, Dirk Seiboth, Frank Tavella, Franz Xing, Zhou Lee, Hae Ja Schroer, Christian G. TI The phase-contrast imaging instrument at the matter in extreme conditions endstation at LCLS SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID COHERENT-LIGHT SOURCE; FREE-ELECTRON LASER; HARD X-RAYS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; RESOLUTION; IMPLOSION; CAPSULES; DENSITY; LENSES; SHOCK AB We describe the phase-contrast imaging instrument at the Matter in Extreme Conditions (MEC) endstation of the Linac Coherent Light Source. The instrument can image phenomena with a spatial resolution of a few hundreds of nanometers and at the same time reveal the atomic structure through X-ray diffraction, with a temporal resolution better than 100 fs. It was specifically designed for studies relevant to high-energy-density science and can monitor, e.g., shock fronts, phase transitions, or void collapses. This versatile instrument was commissioned last year and is now available to the MEC user community. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Nagler, Bob; Galtier, Eric C.; Arnold, Brice; Brown, Shaughnessy B.; Fry, Alan; Gleason, Arianna; Granados, Eduardo; Hashim, Akel; Hastings, Jerome B.; Tavella, Franz; Xing, Zhou; Lee, Hae Ja] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Schropp, Andreas; Schroer, Christian G.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Brown, Shaughnessy B.] Stanford Univ, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gleason, Arianna] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Samberg, Dirk; Seiboth, Frank] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Struct Phys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Schroer, Christian G.] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. RP Nagler, B (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM BNagler@slac.stanford.edu NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 87 IS 10 AR 103701 DI 10.1063/1.4963906 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA EB8SS UT WOS:000387661900033 PM 27802688 ER PT J AU Wang, SY Yu, SF Siedler, MS Ihnat, PM Filoti, DI Lu, M Zuo, L AF Wang, Shuyu Yu, Shifeng Siedler, Michael S. Ihnat, Peter M. Filoti, Dana I. Lu, Ming Zuo, Lei TI Micro-differential scanning calorimeter for liquid biological samples SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID AC NANOCALORIMETER AB We developed an ultrasensitive micro-DSC (differential scanning calorimeter) for liquid protein sample characterization. This design integrated vanadium oxide thermistors and flexible polymer substrates with microfluidics chambers to achieve a high sensitivity (6 V/W), low thermal conductivity (0.7 mW/K), high power resolutions (40 nW), and well-defined liquid volume (1 mu l) calorimeter sensor in a compact and cost-effective way. We further demonstrated the performance of the sensor with lysozyme unfolding. The measured transition temperature and enthalpy change were in accordance with the previous literature data. This micro-DSC could potentially raise the prospect of high-throughput biochemical measurement by parallel operation with miniaturized sample consumption. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Wang, Shuyu] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Yu, Shifeng; Zuo, Lei] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Siedler, Michael S.] AbbVie, D-67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Ihnat, Peter M.; Filoti, Dana I.] AbbVie Biores Ctr, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [Lu, Ming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zuo, L (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM leizuo@vt.edu RI Zuo, Lei/B-3122-2017; OI wang, shuyu /0000-0002-0038-1347 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 87 IS 10 AR 105005 DI 10.1063/1.4965443 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA EB8SS UT WOS:000387661900052 ER PT J AU Chen, T Foley, BJ Park, C Brown, CM Harriger, LW Lee, J Ruff, J Yoon, M Choi, JJ Lee, SH AF Chen, Tianran Foley, Benjamin J. Park, Changwon Brown, Craig M. Harriger, Leland W. Lee, Jooseop Ruff, Jacob Yoon, Mina Choi, Joshua J. Lee, Seung-Hun TI Entropy-driven structural transition and kinetic trapping in formamidinium lead iodide perovskite SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; ORGANIC CATIONS; EFFICIENCY; PHASE AB A challenge of hybrid perovskite solar cells is device instability, which calls for an understanding of the perovskite structural stability and phase transitions. Using neutron diffraction and first-principles calculations on formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI(3)), we show that the entropy contribution to the Gibbs free energy caused by isotropic rotations of the FA(+) cation plays a crucial role in the cubic-to-hexagonal structural phase transition. Furthermore, we observe that the cubic-to-hexagonal phase transition exhibits a large thermal hysteresis. Our first-principles calculations confirm the existence of a potential barrier between the cubic and hexagonal structures, which provides an explanation for the observed thermal hysteresis. By exploiting the potential barrier, we demonstrate kinetic trapping of the cubic phase, desirable for solar cells, even at 8.2 K by thermal quenching. C1 [Chen, Tianran; Lee, Seung-Hun] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Foley, Benjamin J.; Choi, Joshua J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Park, Changwon; Yoon, Mina] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Brown, Craig M.; Harriger, Leland W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lee, Jooseop; Ruff, Jacob] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Lee, SH (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.; Choi, JJ (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM jjc6z@virginia.edu; shlee@virginia.edu NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 23 U2 23 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1601650 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1601650 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500047 PM 27819055 ER PT J AU Gyenis, A Neto, EHD Sutarto, R Schierle, E He, FZ Weschke, E Kavai, M Baumbach, RE Thompson, JD Bauer, ED Fisk, Z Damascelli, A Yazdani, A Aynajian, P AF Gyenis, Andras Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva Sutarto, Ronny Schierle, Enrico He, Feizhou Weschke, Eugen Kavai, Mariam Baumbach, Ryan E. Thompson, Joe D. Bauer, Eric D. Fisk, Zachary Damascelli, Andrea Yazdani, Ali Aynajian, Pegor TI Quasi-particle interference of heavy fermions in resonant x-ray scattering SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID CHARGE ORDER; DENSITY-WAVE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CECOIN5; TRANSITION; PSEUDOGAP; CUPRATE AB Resonant x-ray scattering (RXS) has recently become an increasingly important tool for the study of ordering phenomena in correlated electron systems. Yet, the interpretation of RXS experiments remains theoretically challenging because of the complexity of the RXS cross section. Central to this debate is the recent proposal that impurity-induced Friedel oscillations, akin to quasi-particle interference signals observed with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), can lead to scattering peaks in RXS experiments. The possibility that quasi-particle properties can be probed in RXS measurements opens up a new avenue to study the bulk band structure of materials with the orbital and element selectivity provided by RXS. We test these ideas by combining RXS and STM measurements of the heavy fermion compound CeMIn5 (M = Co, Rh). Temperature-and doping-dependent RXS measurements at the Ce-M-4 edge show abroad scattering enhancement that correlates with the appearance of heavy f-electron bands in these compounds. The scattering enhancement is consistent with the measured quasi-particle interference signal in the STM measurements, indicating that the quasi-particle interference can be probed through the momentum distribution of RXS signals. Overall, our experiments demonstrate new opportunities for studies of correlated electronic systems using the RXS technique. C1 [Gyenis, Andras; Yazdani, Ali] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Gyenis, Andras; Yazdani, Ali] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva; Damascelli, Andrea] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva; Damascelli, Andrea] Univ British Columbia, Quantum Matter Inst, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva] Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Quantum Mat Program, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Sutarto, Ronny; He, Feizhou] Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada. [Schierle, Enrico; Weschke, Eugen] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Kavai, Mariam; Aynajian, Pegor] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Baumbach, Ryan E.; Thompson, Joe D.; Bauer, Eric D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fisk, Zachary] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Yazdani, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Yazdani, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Aynajian, P (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. EM yazdani@princeton.edu; aynajian@binghamton.edu OI He, Feizhou/0000-0002-3125-1406 NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1601086 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1601086 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500034 ER PT J AU Hong, L Jain, N Cheng, XL Bernal, A Tyagi, M Smith, JC AF Hong, Liang Jain, Nitin Cheng, Xiaolin Bernal, Ana Tyagi, Madhusudan Smith, Jeremy C. TI Determination of functional collective motions in a protein at atomic resolution using coherent neutron scattering SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID MERCURIC ION REDUCTASE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE; CYTOCHROME P450CAM; INTERMEDIATE; TRANSITIONS; SUBSTRATE AB Protein function often depends on global, collective internal motions. However, the simultaneous quantitative experimental determination of the forms, amplitudes, and time scales of these motions has remained elusive. We demonstrate that a complete description of these large-scale dynamic modes can be obtained using coherent neutron-scattering experiments on perdeuterated samples. With this approach, a microscopic relationship between the structure, dynamics, and function in a protein, cytochrome P450cam, is established. The approach developed here should be of general applicability to protein systems. C1 [Hong, Liang] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Hong, Liang] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Jain, Nitin; Bernal, Ana] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cheng, Xiaolin; Smith, Jeremy C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biophys Mol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cheng, Xiaolin; Smith, Jeremy C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Tyagi, Madhusudan] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Tyagi, Madhusudan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hong, L (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.; Hong, L (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.; Smith, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biophys Mol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Smith, JC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hongl3liang@sjtu.edu.cn; smithjc@ornl.gov RI smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012; hong, liang/D-5647-2012 OI smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227; NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1600886 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600886 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500022 ER PT J AU Karlen, SD Zhang, CC Peck, ML Smith, RA Padmakshan, D Helmich, KE Free, HCA Lee, S Smith, BG Lu, FC Sedbrook, JC Sibout, R Grabber, JH Runge, TM Mysore, KS Harris, PJ Bartley, LE Ralph, J AF Karlen, Steven D. Zhang, Chengcheng Peck, Matthew L. Smith, Rebecca A. Padmakshan, Dharshana Helmich, Kate E. Free, Heather C. A. Lee, Seonghee Smith, Bronwen G. Lu, Fachuang Sedbrook, John C. Sibout, Richard Grabber, John H. Runge, Troy M. Mysore, Kirankumar S. Harris, Philip J. Bartley, Laura E. Ralph, John TI Monolignol ferulate conjugates are naturally incorporated into plant lignins SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID CELL-WALLS; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; TRANSFERASE PMT; DFRC METHOD; RICE; LIGNIFICATION; OVEREXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; PERSPECTIVE AB Angiosperms represent most of the terrestrial plants and are the primary research focus for the conversion of biomass to liquid fuels and coproducts. Lignin limits our access to fibers and represents a large fraction of the chemical energy stored in plant cell walls. Recently, the incorporation of monolignol ferulates into lignin polymers was accomplished via the engineering of an exotic transferase into commercially relevant poplar. We report that various angiosperm species might have convergently evolved to natively produce lignins that incorporate monolignol ferulate conjugates. We show that this activity may be accomplished by a BAHD feruloyl-coenzyme A monolignol transferase, OsFMT1 (AT5), in rice and its orthologs in other monocots. C1 [Karlen, Steven D.; Smith, Rebecca A.; Padmakshan, Dharshana; Helmich, Kate E.; Harris, Philip J.; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Karlen, Steven D.; Smith, Rebecca A.; Helmich, Kate E.; Lu, Fachuang; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bio Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zhang, Chengcheng; Peck, Matthew L.; Bartley, Laura E.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Free, Heather C. A.; Harris, Philip J.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Free, Heather C. A.; Smith, Bronwen G.] Univ Auckland, Sch Chem Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Lee, Seonghee] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Hort Sci, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, 14625 Cty Rd 672, Wimauma, FL 33598 USA. [Grabber, John H.] Illinois State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Smith, Bronwen G.; Sedbrook, John C.; Grabber, John H.] AgroParisTech, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, Saclay Plant Sci, F-78000 Versailles, France. [Peck, Matthew L.; Free, Heather C. A.; Sibout, Richard; Grabber, John H.] Inst Natl Rech Agronom, F-78000 Versailles, France. [Helmich, Kate E.; Free, Heather C. A.; Lu, Fachuang; Grabber, John H.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Free, Heather C. A.; Sibout, Richard] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Smith, Rebecca A.; Lee, Seonghee] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Plant Biol Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP Ralph, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, Madison, WI 53726 USA.; Ralph, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bio Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Bartley, LE (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM lbartley@ou.edu; jralph@wisc.edu NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1600393 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600393 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500008 ER PT J AU Muller, EA Pollard, B Bechtel, HA van Blerkom, P Raschke, MB AF Muller, Eric A. Pollard, Benjamin Bechtel, Hans A. van Blerkom, Peter Raschke, Markus B. TI Infrared vibrational nano-crystallography and nano-imaging SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; NEAR-FIELD MICROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS; HIGH-MOBILITY; SEMICONDUCTING POLYMERS; DIANHYDRIDE FILMS; DYNAMICS; TRANSISTORS; MORPHOLOGY; INTERFACE AB Molecular solids and polymers can form low-symmetry crystal structures that exhibit anisotropic electron and ion mobility in engineered devices or biological systems. The distribution of molecular orientation and disorder then controls the macroscopic material response, yet it is difficult to image with conventional techniques on the nanoscale. We demonstrated a new form of optical nano-crystallography that combines scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy with both optical antenna and tip-selective infrared vibrational spectroscopy. From the symmetry-selective probing of molecular bond orientation with nanometer spatial resolution, we determined crystalline phases and orientation in aggregates and films of the organic electronic material perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride. Mapping disorder within and between individual nanoscale domains, the correlative hybrid imaging of nanoscale heterogeneity provides insight into defect formation and propagation during growth in functional molecular solids. C1 [Muller, Eric A.; Pollard, Benjamin; van Blerkom, Peter; Raschke, Markus B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Muller, Eric A.; Pollard, Benjamin; van Blerkom, Peter; Raschke, Markus B.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bechtel, Hans A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Raschke, MB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Raschke, MB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM markus.raschke@colorado.edu NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1601006 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1601006 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500032 ER PT J AU Pan, D Galli, G AF Pan, Ding Galli, Giulia TI The fate of carbon dioxide in water-rich fluids under extreme conditions SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID NORM-CONSERVING PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; HYBRID DENSITY FUNCTIONALS; AQUEOUS FLUIDS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; HIGH-PRESSURE; LIQUID WATER; UPPER-MANTLE; H2O; TEMPERATURES AB Investigating the fate of dissolved carbon dioxide under extreme conditions is critical to understanding the deep carbon cycle in Earth, a process that ultimately influences global climate change. We used first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to study carbonates and carbon dioxide dissolved in water at pressures (P) and temperatures (T) approximating the conditions of Earth's upper mantle. Contrary to popular geochemical models assuming that molecular CO2(aq) is the major carbon species present in water under deep Earth conditions, we found that at 11 GPa and 1000 K, carbon exists almost entirely in the forms of solvated carbonate (CO32-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) ions and that even carbonic acid [H2CO3(aq)] is more abundant than CO2(aq). Furthermore, our simulations revealed that ion pairing between Na+ and CO32-/HCO3- is greatly affected by P-T conditions, decreasing with increasing pressure at 800 to 1000 K. Our results suggest that in Earth's upper mantle, water-rich geofluids transport a majority of carbon in the form of rapidly interconverting CO32- and HCO3- ions, not solvated CO2(aq) molecules. C1 [Pan, Ding; Galli, Giulia] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Galli, Giulia] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pan, D (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM dingpan@uchicago.edu OI Pan, Ding/0000-0002-2353-0130 NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1601278 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1601278 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500040 ER PT J AU Rechkoblit, O Gupta, YK Malik, R Rajashankar, KR Johnson, RE Prakash, L Prakash, S Aggarwal, AK AF Rechkoblit, Olga Gupta, Yogesh K. Malik, Radhika Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. Johnson, Robert E. Prakash, Louise Prakash, Satya Aggarwal, Aneel K. TI Structure and mechanism of human PrimPol, a DNA polymerase with primase activity SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID STALLED REPLICATION FORKS; BACTERIOPHAGE T7; ETA; BYPASS; CELLS; POL; PHOTOPRODUCTS; INITIATION; INTEGRITY; RESTART AB PrimPol is a novel human enzyme that contains both DNA primase and DNA polymerase activities. We present the first structure of human PrimPol in ternary complex with a DNA template-primer and an incoming deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP). The ability of PrimPol to function as a DNA primase stems from a simple but remarkable feature-almost complete lack of contacts to the DNA primer strand. This, in turn, allows two dNTPs to bind initiation and elongation sites on the enzyme for the formation of the first dinucleotide. PrimPol shows the ability to synthesize DNA opposite ultraviolet (UV) lesions; however, unexpectedly, the active-site cleft of the enzyme is constrained, which precludes the bypass of UV-induced DNA lesions by conventional translesion synthesis. Together, the structure addresses long-standing questions about how DNA primases actually initiate synthesis and how primase and polymerase activities combine in a single enzyme to carry out DNA synthesis. C1 [Rechkoblit, Olga; Gupta, Yogesh K.; Malik, Radhika; Aggarwal, Aneel K.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Box 1677,1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Northeastern Collaborat Access Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Johnson, Robert E.; Prakash, Louise; Prakash, Satya] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77755 USA. RP Aggarwal, AK (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Box 1677,1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM aneel.aggarwal@mssm.edu OI Gupta, Yogesh/0000-0001-6372-5007 FU NCRR NIH HHS [S10 RR029205]; NIGMS NIH HHS [P41 GM103403] NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR e1601317 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1601317 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EC2YV UT WOS:000387991500042 PM 27819052 ER PT J AU Yue, FX Lan, W Hu, SN Chen, KL Lu, FC AF Yue, Fengxia Lan, Wu Hu, Songnan Chen, Ke-Li Lu, Fachuang TI Structural Modifications of Sugarcane Bagasse Lignins during Wet-Storage and Soda-Oxygen Pulping SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Wet-storage; Dioxane lignin (DL); Soda-oxygen lignin; Elemental analysis (EA); Gel permeation chromatography (GPC); Heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR spectroscopy ID ALKALI-SOLUBLE LIGNINS; ARABIDOPSIS LIGNINS; WOOD; KRAFT; FRACTIONATION; FEATURES; DIOXANE; SPRUCE; NMR AB Wet-storage is the most common way to maintain sugarcane bagasse in the paper-making industry, although there were few studies on the structural alteration of lignins caused by a wet-storage system. Lignin preparations isolated from wet-stored bagasse in a laboratory simulated wet storage system, corresponding pulps, and spent liquors of soda-oxygen pulping were characterized by various analytical techniques, including elemental analysis (EA), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR spectroscopy. The characteristics of these lignins were compared with those of lignin preparations isolated from fresh sugarcane bagasse samples. Eleven percent decrease of p-coumarate (p-CA) in the lignins from wet-stored raw materials were observed. p-Coumarate and tricin were completely removed during the pulping process. Results from this study suggested that syringyl units were more easily degraded and dissolved under low temperature soda-oxygen pulping conditions. Wet-storage for a certain period of time (14 days) did not modify lignin structure or degrade cellulose significantly. KEYWORDS: Wet-storage, Dioxane lignin (DL), Soda-oxygen lignin, Elemental analysis (EA), C1 [Yue, Fengxia; Hu, Songnan; Chen, Ke-Li] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Chem Engn, Chenggong Campus,727 Jingmingnan Rd, Kunming 650500, Peoples R China. [Yue, Fengxia; Lu, Fachuang] South China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, 381 Wushan Rd, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yue, Fengxia; Lan, Wu; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Dept Biochem, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Yue, Fengxia; Lan, Wu; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Chen, KL (reprint author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Chem Engn, Chenggong Campus,727 Jingmingnan Rd, Kunming 650500, Peoples R China.; Lu, FC (reprint author), South China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, 381 Wushan Rd, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Lu, FC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Dept Biochem, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA.; Lu, FC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM chenkeli_prof@sina.com; fachuanglu@wisc.edu FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20567001, 21276119, 51363013]; Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Yunan, China [2004B0013M] FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20567001, 21276119, and 51363013) and the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Yunan (2004B0013M), China. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 5311 EP 5318 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00726 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA DY0MS UT WOS:000384791500022 ER PT J AU Berstis, L Elder, T Crowley, M Beckham, GT AF Berstis, Laura Elder, Thomas Crowley, Michael Beckham, Gregg T. TI Radical Nature of C-Lignin SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Lignin biosynthesis; Lignin valorization; Caffeoyl alcohol; Caffeyl alcohol; Bond dissociation enthalpy ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENTHALPIES; MODEL COMPOUNDS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; BETA-GUAIACYL; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; KRAFT LIGNIN; BIOSYNTHESIS AB The recently discovered lignin composed of caffeoyl alcohol monolignols or C-lignin is particularly intriguing given its homogeneous, linear polymeric structure and exclusive benzodioxane linkage between monomers. By virtue of this simplified chemistry, the potential emerges for improved valorization strategies with C-lignin relative to other natural heterogeneous lignins. To better understand caffeoyl alcohol polymers, we characterize the thermodynamics of the radical recombination dimerization reactions forming the benzodioxane linkage and the bond dissociation into radical monolignol products. These properties are also predicted for the cross-coupling of caffeoyl alcohol with the natural monolignols, coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol, and p-coumaryl alcohol, in anticipation of polymers potentially enabled by genetic modification. The average BDEs for the C-lignin benzodioxane alpha- and beta-bonds are 56.5 and 63.4 kcal/mol, respectively, with similar enthalpies for heterodimers. The BDE of the alpha-bond within the benzodioxane linkage is consistently greater than that of the beta-bond in all dimers of each stereochemical arrangement, explained by the ability the alpha-carbon radical generated to delocalize onto the adjacent phenyl ring. Relative thermodynamics of the heterodimers demonstrates that the substituents on the phenyl ring directly neighboring the bond coupling the monolignols more strongly impact the dimer bond strengths and product stability, compared to the substituents present on the terminal phenyl ring. Enthalpy comparisons furthermore demonstrate that the erythro stereochemical configurations of the benzodioxane bond are slightly less thermodynamically stable than the threo configurations. The overall differences in strength of bonds and reaction enthalpies between stereoisomers are generally found to be insignificant, supporting that postcoupling rearomatization is under kinetic control. Projecting the lowest-energy stereoisomer internal coordinates to longer polymer C-lignin strands highlights how significantly the stereochemical outcomes in polymerization may impact the macromolecular structure and in turn material and chemical properties. Through these comparisons of geometry, bond strengths, and reaction enthalpies, we shed light on the distinctive properties of C-lignin's radical recombination and decomposition chemistry, and its potential as a natural lignin solution for biorefinery feedstocks and unique materials science applications. C1 [Berstis, Laura; Crowley, Michael; Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Elder, Thomas] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 521 Devall Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Crowley, M; Beckham, GT (reprint author), Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Michael.Crowley@nrel.gov; Gregg.Beckham@nrel.gov FU US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office; DOE Office of EERE [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office. We are grateful for supercomputer time on Stampede provided by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at the University of Texas at Austin through MCB-09159 and the NREL Computational Sciences Center, which is supported by the DOE Office of EERE under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 5327 EP 5335 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00520 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA DY0MS UT WOS:000384791500024 ER PT J AU Schutyser, W Van den Bossche, G Raaffels, A Van den Bosch, S Koelewijn, SF Renders, T Sels, BF AF Schutyser, Wouter Van den Bossche, Gil Raaffels, Anton Van den Bosch, Sander Koelewijn, Steven-Friso Renders, Tom Sels, Bert F. TI Selective Conversion of Lignin-Derivable 4-Alkylguaiacols to 4-Alkylcyclohexanols over Noble and Non-Noble-Metal Catalysts SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Lignin; Heterogeneous catalysis; Upgrading Alkylguaiacols; Alkylcyclohexanols ID PYROLYSIS BIO-OIL; MODEL COMPOUNDS; LIGNOCELLULOSE FRACTIONATION; REDUCTIVE FRACTIONATION; GAMMA-VALEROLACTONE; VALUABLE CHEMICALS; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; PD CATALYSTS; BIRCH WOOD; HYDRODEOXYGENATION AB Recent lignin-first catalytic lignocellulosic biorefineries produce large quantities of two potential platform chemicals, 4-n-propylguaiacol (PG) and 4-n-propylsyringol. Because conversion into 4-n-propylcyclohexanol (PCol), a precursor for novel polymer building blocks, presents a promising valorization route, reductive demethoxylation of PG was examined here in the liquid-phase over three commercial hydrogenation catalysts, viz. 5 wt % Ru/C, 5 wt % Pd/C and 65 wt % Ni/SiO2 Al2O3, at elevated temperatures ranging from 200 to 300 degrees C under hydrogen atmosphere. Kinetic profiles suggest two parallel conversion pathways: Pathway I involves PG hydrogenation to 4-n-propyl-2-methoxycyclohexanol (PMCol), followed by its demethox- ylation to PCol, whereas Pathway II constitutes PG hydrodemethoxylation to 4-n-propylphenol (PPh), followed by its hydrogenation into PCol. The slowest step in the catalytic formation of PCol is the reductive methoxy removal from PMCol. Moreover, under the applied reaction conditions, PCo1 may react further into hydrocarbons. The following criteria are therefore essential to reach a high PCol yield: (i) catalytic pathway II is preferred as this route does not involve stable intermediates; (ii) reactivity of PMCol should be higher than that of PCol, and (iii) the overall carbon balance should be high. Both the catalyst type and the reaction conditions have a substantial impact on the PCol yield. Only the commercial Ni catalyst meets the three criteria, provided the reaction is performed at 250 degrees C in hexadecane. Additional advantages of this solvent choice are a high boiling point (low operational pressure in closed reactor systems), high solubility of PG and derived products, high thermal, reductive stability, and easy derivability from fatty biomass feedstock. This Ni catalyst also showed an excellent stability in recycling runs and is capable of converting highly concentrated (up to 20 wt %) PG in hexadecane. Ru and Pd on carbon showed a low PCol yield, as they are not conform the three criteria. Low hydrogen pressure favors Pathway II, resulting in a very high PCol yield of 85% at 10 bar. Catalytic conversion of guaiacol, 4-methyl- and 4-ethylguaiacol in comparable circumstances showed similarly high yields of the corresponding cyclohexanols. C1 [Schutyser, Wouter; Van den Bossche, Gil; Raaffels, Anton; Van den Bosch, Sander; Koelewijn, Steven-Friso; Renders, Tom; Sels, Bert F.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Surface Chem & Catalysis, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Schutyser, Wouter] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Schutyser, W; Sels, BF (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Surface Chem & Catalysis, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.; Schutyser, W (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM wouter.schutyser@biw.kuleuven.be; bert.sels@biw.kuleuven.be FU KU Leuven; ICON project MAIA; Institute for the promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen); IWT-SBO project ARBOR-EF; Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) FX This work was performed in the framework of an IWT-SBO project ARBOREF and an ICON project MAIA. W.S. thanks the internal funds of KU Leuven for a postdoctoral mandate (PDM). G.V.d.B. acknowledges the ICON project MAIA for a doctoral fellowship. S.V.d.B. acknowledges the Institute for the promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen) for a doctoral fellowship. S.-F.K. acknowledges funding through the IWT-SBO project ARBOR-EF. T.R. acknowledges the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for a doctoral fellowship. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 5336 EP 5346 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01580 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA DY0MS UT WOS:000384791500025 ER PT J AU Klemetsrud, B Ukaew, S Thompson, VS Thompson, DN Klinger, J Li, LC Eatherton, D Puengprasert, P Shonnard, D AF Klemetsrud, Bethany Ukaew, Suchada Thompson, Vicki S. Thompson, David N. Klinger, Jordan Li, Lucia Eatherton, Dominic Puengprasert, Parin Shonnard, David TI Characterization of Products from Fast Micropyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste Biomass SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Pyrolysis; MSW; Biomass; Sustainability; Renewable Energy; Bio-oil ID MINERAL MATTER; FAST PYROLYSIS; LIGNIN; WOOD; HEMICELLULOSE; FEEDSTOCK; POPLAR; OIL AB Biomass feedstock costs remain one of the largest impediments to biofuel production economics. Municipal solid waste (MSW) represents an attractive feedstock with year-round availability, an established collection infrastructure paid for by waste generators, low cost, and the potential to be blended with higher cost feedstocks to reduce overall feedstock costs. Paper waste, yard waste, and construction and demolition waste (C&D) were examined for their applicability in the pyrolysis conversion pathway. Paper waste consisted of nonrecyclable paper such as mixed low grade paper, food and beverage packaging, kitchen paper wastes and coated paper; yard waste consisted of grass clippings, and C&D wastes consisted of engineered wood products obtained from a construction waste landfill. The waste materials were tested for thermochemical conversion potential using a bench scale fast micropyrolysis process. Bio-oil yields were the highest for the C&D materials and lowest for the paper waste. The C&D wastes had the highest level of lignin derived compounds (phenolic and cyclics), while the paper waste had higher levels of carbohydrate derived compounds (aldehydes, organic acids, ketones, alcohols, and sugars). However, the paper material had higher amounts of lignin derived compounds than expected based upon lignin content that is likely due to the presence of polyphenolic resins used in paper processing. The paper and yard wastes had significantly higher levels of ash content than the C&D wastes (14-15% versus 0.5-1.3%), which further correlated to higher levels of alkali and alkaline earth metals, which are known to reduce the amount of pyrolysis bio-oil produced. The effect of acid washing was evaluated for grass clipping and waste paper, and the amount of bio-oil produced was increased from 58% to 73% and 67% to 73%, respectively. C1 [Klemetsrud, Bethany; Ukaew, Suchada; Li, Lucia; Eatherton, Dominic; Puengprasert, Parin; Shonnard, David] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Klinger, Jordan] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Shonnard, David] Michigan Technol Univ, Sustainable Futures Inst, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Naresuan Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand. [Thompson, Vicki S.; Thompson, David N.] Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 North Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Klemetsrud, B (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM bjklemet@mtu.edu RI Thompson, Vicki/B-9086-2017; Klinger, Jordan/C-4030-2017 OI Thompson, Vicki/0000-0003-4975-392X; Klinger, Jordan/0000-0003-4004-9864 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. This manuscript has been coauthored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the US Department of Energy. The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 5415 EP 5423 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00610 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA DY0MS UT WOS:000384791500032 ER PT J AU Wang, H Lee, SJ Olarte, MV Zacher, AH AF Wang, Huamin Lee, Suh-Jane Olarte, Mariefel V. Zacher, Alan H. TI Bio-oil Stabilization by Hydrogenation over Reduced Metal Catalysts at Low Temperatures SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Fast pyrolysis; Bio-oil; Hydrotreating; Stabilization; Hydrogenation; Catalyst; Deactivation ID AQUEOUS-PHASE HYDROGENATION; FAST-PYROLYSIS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; TRANSPORTATION FUELS; ADVANCED BIOFUELS; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; PD/C CATALYST; RU/C CATALYST; ACETIC-ACID; HYDRODEOXYGENATION AB The thermal and chemical instability of biomass fast pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) presents significant problems when it is being converted to hydrocarbon transportation fuels. Development of effective approaches for stabilizing bio-oils is critical to the success of the biomass fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading technology. Catalytic hydrogenation to remove reactive species in bio-oil has been considered as one of the most efficient ways to stabilize bio-oil. This paper provides a fundamental understanding of hydrogenation of actual bio-oils over a Ru/TiO2 catalyst under conditions relevant to practical bio-oil hydrotreating processes. The results indicated hydrogenation of various components of the bio-oil, including sugars, aldehydes, ketones, alkenes, aromatics, and carboxylic acids, over the Ru/TiO2 catalyst and 120 to 160 degrees C. Hydrogenation of these species significantly changed the chemical and physical properties of the bio-oil and overall improved its thermal stability, especially by reducing the carbonyl content, which represented the content of the most reactive species (i.e., sugar, aldehydes, and ketones). The change of content of each component in response to increasing hydrogen additions suggests the following bio-oil hydrogenation reaction sequence: sugar conversion to sugar alcohols, followed by ketone and aldehyde conversion to alcohols, followed by alkene and aromatic hydrogenation, and then followed by carboxylic acid hydrogenation to alcohols. Sulfur poisoning of the reduced Ru metal catalysts was significant during hydrogenation; however, the inorganics at low concentrations had minimal impact at short times on stream, indicating that sulfur poisoning was the primary deactivation mode for the bio-oil hydrogenation catalyst. The knowledge gained during this work will allow rational design of more effective catalysts and processes for stabilizing and upgrading bio-oils. C1 [Wang, Huamin; Lee, Suh-Jane; Olarte, Mariefel V.; Zacher, Alan H.] PNNL, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), PNNL, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM huamin.wang@pnnl.gov FU United States Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Bioenergy Technologies Office FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the United States Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Bioenergy Technologies Office for the support of this work. The authors would like to thank our colleagues at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Daniel Santosa, Marie Swita, Teresa Lemmon, Shari X. Lee, and John Cort, for their technical assistance and useful discussion. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for DOE. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 5533 EP 5545 DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01270 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA DY0MS UT WOS:000384791500045 ER PT J AU Boddupalli, A Zhu, LD Bratlie, KM AF Boddupalli, Anuraag Zhu, Lida Bratlie, Kaitlin M. TI N Methods for Implant Acceptance and Wound Healing: Material Selection and Implant Location Modulate Macrophage and Fibroblast Phenotypes SO ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE fibroblasts; host response; implant location; macrophages; materials properties ID FOREIGN-BODY RESPONSE; IN-VIVO RESPONSE; HYALURONIC-ACID; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CHONDROITIN SULFATE; BIOLOGIC SCAFFOLDS; ALGINATE HYDROGELS; HOST RESPONSE AB This review focuses on materials and methods used to induce phenotypic changes in macrophages and fibroblasts. Herein, we give a brief overview on how changes in macrophages and fibroblasts phenotypes are critical biomarkers for identification of implant acceptance, wound healing effectiveness, and are also essential for evaluating the regenerative capabilities of some hybrid strategies that involve the combination of natural and synthetic materials. The different types of cells present during the host response have been extensively studied for evaluating the reaction to different materials and there are varied material approaches towards fabrication of biocompatible substrates. We discuss how natural and synthetic materials have been used to engineer desirable outcomes in lung, heart, liver, skin, and musculoskeletal implants, and how certain properties such as rigidity, surface shape, and porosity play key roles in the progression of the host response. Several fabrication strategies are discussed to control the phenotype of infiltrating macrophages and fibroblasts: decellularization of scaffolds, surface coatings, implant shape, and pore size apart from biochemical signaling pathways that can inhibit or accelerate unfavorable host responses. It is essential to factor all the different design principles and material fabrication criteria for evaluating the choice of implant materials or regenerative therapeutic strategies. C1 [Boddupalli, Anuraag; Zhu, Lida; Bratlie, Kaitlin M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 2114 Sweeney Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bratlie, Kaitlin M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Hoover Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bratlie, Kaitlin M.] Ames Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Met Dev 126, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bratlie, KM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 2114 Sweeney Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Bratlie, KM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Hoover Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Bratlie, KM (reprint author), Ames Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Met Dev 126, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kbratlie@iastate.edu FU Roy J. Carver Charitable Trust [13-4265] FX A.B. and L.Z. contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the Roy J. Carver Charitable Trust Grant No. 13-4265. NR 202 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2192-2640 EI 2192-2659 J9 ADV HEALTHC MATER JI Adv. Healthc. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 5 IS 20 BP 2575 EP 2594 DI 10.1002/adhm.201600532 PG 20 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EB2AN UT WOS:000387158900001 PM 27593734 ER PT J AU Li, JC Zhu, MZ Abernathy, DL Ke, XL Morelli, DT Lai, W AF Li, Junchao Zhu, Mengze Abernathy, Douglas L. Ke, Xianglin Morelli, Donald T. Lai, Wei TI First-principles studies of atomic dynamics in tetrahedrite thermoelectrics SO APL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; BASIS-SET; CU12SB4S13; METALS AB Cu12Sb4S13-based tetrahedrites are high-performance thermoelectrics that contain earth-abundant and environmentally friendly elements. At present, the mechanistic understanding of their low lattice thermal conductivity (< 1 W m(-1) K-1 at 300 K) remains limited. This work applies first-principles molecular dynamics simulations, along with inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments, to study the incoherent and coherent atomic dynamics in Cu10.5NiZn0.5Sb4S13, in order to deepen our insight into mechanisms of anomalous dynamic behavior and low lattice thermal conductivity in tetrahedrites. Our study of incoherent dynamics reveals the anomalous "phonon softening upon cooling" behavior commonly observed in inelastic neutron scattering data. By examining the dynamic Cu-Sb distances inside the Sb[CuS3] Sb cage, we ascribe softening to the decreased anharmonic "rattling" of Cu in the cage. On the other hand, our study of coherent dynamics reveals that acoustic modes are confined in a small region of dynamic scattering space, which we hypothesize leads to a minimum phonon mean free path. By assuming a Debye model, we obtain a lattice minimum thermal conductivity value consistent with experiments. We believe this study furthers our understanding of the atomic dynamics of tetrahedrite thermoelectrics and will more generally help shed light on the origin of intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity in these and other structurally similar materials. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Li, Junchao; Morelli, Donald T.; Lai, Wei] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhu, Mengze; Ke, Xianglin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Abernathy, Douglas L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, JC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012 OI Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X FU Thermal Transport Processes Program of National Science Foundation [CBET-1507789]; Michigan State University; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Department of Energy FX The work of D.T.M. and W.L. is financially supported by the Thermal Transport Processes Program of National Science Foundation (Grant No. CBET-1507789). X.K. acknowledges the start-up funds from Michigan State University. Work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Department of Energy. We also wish to acknowledge the Michigan State University High Performance Computing Center and the Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research for access to their computing resources. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2166-532X J9 APL MATER JI APL Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 AR 104811 DI 10.1063/1.4959961 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EB7NX UT WOS:000387576100019 ER PT J AU Peng, HW Bikowski, A Zakutayev, A Lany, S AF Peng, Haowei Bikowski, Andre Zakutayev, Andriy Lany, Stephan TI Pathway to oxide photovoltaics via band-structure engineering of SnO SO APL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID QUASI-RANDOM STRUCTURES; DEFECT-TOLERANT SEMICONDUCTORS; VISIBLE-LIGHT PHOTOCATALYSIS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; SOLAR-CELLS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; DESIGN AB All-oxide photovoltaics could open rapidly scalable manufacturing routes, if only oxide materials with suitable electronic and optical properties were developed. SnO has exceptional doping and transport properties among oxides, but suffers from a strongly indirect band gap. Here, we address this shortcoming by band-structure engineering through isovalent but heterostructural alloying with divalent cations (Mg, Ca, Sr, and Zn). Using first-principles calculations, we show that suitable band gaps and optical properties close to that of direct semiconductors are achievable, while the comparatively small effective masses are preserved in the alloys. Initial thin film synthesis and characterization support the feasibility of the approach. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Peng, Haowei; Bikowski, Andre; Zakutayev, Andriy; Lany, Stephan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Peng, HW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This work used computational resources sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, located at NREL. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2166-532X J9 APL MATER JI APL Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 AR 106103 DI 10.1063/1.4963661 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EB7NX UT WOS:000387576100028 ER PT J AU Pettes, MT Kim, J Wu, W Bustillo, KC Shi, L AF Pettes, Michael Thompson Kim, Jaehyun Wu, Wei Bustillo, Karen C. Shi, Li TI Thermoelectric transport in surface- and antimony-doped bismuth telluride nanoplates SO APL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL TOPOLOGICAL INSULATOR; FIGURE; MERIT; BI2TE3 AB We report the in-plane thermoelectric properties of suspended (Bi1-xSbx)(2)Te-3 nanoplates with x ranging from 0.07 to 0.95 and thicknesses ranging from 9 to 42 nm. The results presented here reveal a trend of increasing p-type behavior with increasing antimony concentration, and a maximum Seebeck coefficient and thermoelectric figure of merit at x similar to 0.5. We additionally tuned extrinsic doping of the surface using a tetrafluoro-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F-4-TCNQ) coating. The lattice thermal conductivity is found to be below that for undoped ultrathin Bi2Te3 nanoplates of comparable thickness and in the range of 0.2-0.7 W m(-1) K-1 at room temperature. (C) 2016 Author(s). C1 [Pettes, Michael Thompson; Kim, Jaehyun; Shi, Li] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Pettes, Michael Thompson; Wu, Wei] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Pettes, Michael Thompson; Wu, Wei] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Bustillo, Karen C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shi, L (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM lishi@mail.utexas.edu RI Shi, Li/C-8123-2013; OI Shi, Li/0000-0002-5401-6839; Pettes, Michael/0000-0001-6862-6841 FU Microsystems Technology Office of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [N66001-11-1-4107]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46377]; National Science Foundation [CAREER-1553987]; UConn Research Foundation [PD15-0067]; FEI Company Graduate Fellowship; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energ [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work at The University of Texas is supported in parts by the Microsystems Technology Office of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Award No. N66001-11-1-4107 (M.T.P. and L.S.), and by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, Award No. DE-FG02-07ER46377 (J.K.). Work by W.W. and M.T.P. at the University of Connecticut is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CAREER-1553987, the UConn Research Foundation, Award No. PD15-0067, and a FEI Company Graduate Fellowship (W.W.). Transmission electron microscopy performed at the Molecular Foundry by W.W. and K.C.B. was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2166-532X J9 APL MATER JI APL Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 AR 104810 DI 10.1063/1.4955400 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EB7NX UT WOS:000387576100018 ER PT J AU Zhou, MX Zhang, LL Miller, JT Yang, XF Liu, XY Wang, AQ Zhang, T AF Zhou, Maoxiang Zhang, Leilei Miller, Jeffrey T. Yang, Xiaofeng Liu, Xiaoyan Wang, Aiqin Zhang, Tao TI Hydrogen auto-transfer under aerobic oxidative conditions: Efficient synthesis of saturated ketones by aerobic C-C cross-coupling of primary and secondary alcohols catalyzed by a Au6Pd/resin catalyst SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Au-Pd alloys; C-C coupling reaction; Oxidation of alcohols; Hydrogen auto-transfer; Oxidation-resistant ID BETA-ALKYLATION; NANOPARTICLES; ACTIVATION; HALIDES AB Au and Au-containing bimetallic nanoparticles are promising catalysts for the green synthesis of fine chemicals. Here, we used a Au6Pd/resin catalyst for the aerobic C-C cross-coupling of primary and secondary alcohols to produce higher ketones under mild conditions. This is of importance to the construction of a C-C bond. Various substrates were used in the reaction system, and moderate to good yields were obtained. The catalysts can be reused at least five times without decrease of yield. The control experiment and XAFS characterization results showed that hydrogen auto-transfer occurred on metallic Pd sites even under oxidative conditions. On alloying with Au, the Pd sites became resistant to oxidation and readily abstracted the beta-H of the alcohols and transferred the hydride to the C=C bond in the reaction intermediate to give the saturated product. (C) 2016, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Maoxiang; Zhang, Leilei; Yang, Xiaofeng; Liu, Xiaoyan; Wang, Aiqin; Zhang, Tao] Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, State Key Lab Catalysis, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Maoxiang] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Miller, Jeffrey T.] Argonne Natl Lab, CSE, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, AQ; Zhang, T (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, State Key Lab Catalysis, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, Peoples R China. EM aqwang@dicp.ac.cn; taozhang@dicp.ac.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [21373206, 21202163, 21303194, 21476227, 21503219]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences [DE-AC-02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are grateful to the National Science Foundation of China (21373206, 21202163, 21303194, 21476227, 21503219) for the financial supports. JTM was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences under Contract DE-AC-02-06CH11357. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. We also thank the BL 14W at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) for the XAFS experiments. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0253-9837 EI 1872-2067 J9 CHINESE J CATAL JI Chin. J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 37 IS 10 SI SI BP 1764 EP 1770 DI 10.1016/S1872-2067(16)62511-1 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA EA8DK UT WOS:000386865300022 ER PT J AU Fang, YL Heck, KN Zhao, Z Pretzer, LA Guo, N Wu, TP Miller, JT Wong, MS AF Fang, Yu-Lun Heck, Kimberly N. Zhao, Zhun Pretzer, Lori A. Guo, Neng Wu, Tianpin Miller, Jeffrey T. Wong, Michael S. TI Gold-doping of carbon-supported palladium improves reduction catalysis SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bimetallic catalyst; Palladium; Gold; Nanostructures; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Extended X-ray absorption fine structure; Hydrodechlorination; Trichloroethene ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLE CATALYSTS; ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; TRICHLOROETHENE HYDRODECHLORINATION; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; GLYCEROL OXIDATION; PARTICLE-SIZE; PD; AU AB Bimetallic palladium-gold (PdAu) catalysts have better catalytic performance than monometallic catalysts for many applications. PdAu catalysts with controlled nanostructures and enhanced activities have been extensively studied but their syntheses require multiple and occasionally complicated steps. In this work, we demonstrated that supported PdAu catalysts could be simply prepared by doping a supported Pd catalyst with gold through wet impregnation and calcination. Resulting PdAu-on-carbon (PdAu/C) catalysts were tested for the room-temperature, aqueous-phase hydrodechlorination of trichloroethene. The most active PdAu/C catalyst (Pd 1.0 wt%, Au 1.1 wt%, dried/air/H-2 process) had an initial turnover frequency (TOF) of 34.0 x 10(-2) mol(TCE) mol(Pd)(-1) s(-1), which was >15 times higher than monometallic Pd/C (Pd 1.0 wt%, initial TOF of 2.2 x 10(-2) mol(TCE) mol(Pd)(-1) s(-1)). Through X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the gold kept Pd from oxidizing under calcination at 400 degrees C. Probable nanostructure evolution pathways are proposed to explain the observed catalysis. 2016, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fang, Yu-Lun; Heck, Kimberly N.; Zhao, Zhun; Wong, Michael S.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Pretzer, Lori A.; Wong, Michael S.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Guo, Neng; Wu, Tianpin] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Miller, Jeffrey T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wong, Michael S.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Wong, Michael S.] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Wong, MS (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Wong, MS (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Wong, MS (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Wong, MS (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM mswong@rice.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 FU National Science Foundation, United States [EEC-0647452]; Welch Foundation [C-1676]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is supported by the National Science Foundation, United States (EEC-0647452) and the Welch Foundation (C-1676). Materials Research Collaborative Access Team (MRCAT) operations (at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory) are supported by the U. S. Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contract# DE-AC02-06CH11357). We thank Dr. Hitesh G. Bagaria (Rice University) for collecting TEM images, Prof. Mason B. Tomson (Rice University) for use of ICP-OES, Dr. Ping Zhang (Rice University) for assisting with ICP-OES operations. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 0253-9837 EI 1872-2067 J9 CHINESE J CATAL JI Chin. J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 37 IS 10 SI SI BP 1776 EP 1786 DI 10.1016/S1872-2067(16)62530-5 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA EA8DK UT WOS:000386865300024 ER PT J AU Abernethy, EF Turner, KL Beasley, JC DeVault, TL Pitt, WC Rhodes, OE AF Abernethy, Erin F. Turner, Kelsey L. Beasley, James C. DeVault, Travis L. Pitt, William C. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. TI Carcasses of invasive species are predominantly utilized by invasive scavengers in an island ecosystem SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE cane toads; cannibalism; carrion; ecosystem function; Hawai'i; invasive species; mongoose; scavenging ID UNGULATE CARCASSES; AVIAN SCAVENGERS; CARRION; DECOMPOSITION; IMPACTS; SUCCESSION; PREDATORS; AUSTRALIA; NITROGEN; BIOLOGY AB Invasive species have significantly affected ecosystems, particularly islands, and species invasions continue with increasing globalization. Largely unstudied, the influence of invasive species on island ecosystem functions, especially scavenging and decomposition, could be substantive. Quantifying carcass utilization by different scavengers and shifts in community dynamics in the presence of invasive animals is of particular interest for understanding impacts on nutrient recycling. Invasive species could benefit greatly from carcass resources within highly invaded island ecosystems, through increased invasion success and population growth, subsequently exacerbating their impacts on native species. We quantified how experimentally placed invasive amphibian, reptile, small mammal, and bird carcasses were utilized by vertebrate and invertebrate scavengers on the Big Island of Hawai'i in three island habitats: a barren lava field, a vegetated lava field, and a rainforest. We used camera traps to record vertebrate scavengers removing carcasses and elapsed time until removal. We evaluated differences in scavenging between vertebrates and invertebrates and within the vertebrate community across different habitats and carcass types. Despite the small carcass sizes (<1 kg) used in this study, 55% of carcasses were removed by vertebrate scavengers, all invasive: mongoose, rodents, cats, pigs, and a common myna. Our data indicate that invasive vertebrate scavengers in this island ecosystem are highly efficient at assimilating a range of carrion resources across a variety of habitats. Carcasses of invasive animals could contribute substantially to energy budgets of other invasive vertebrate species. This may be a critical component contributing to successful invasions especially on islands and subsequent impacts on ecosystem function. C1 [Abernethy, Erin F.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Abernethy, Erin F.; Turner, Kelsey L.; Beasley, James C.; Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Turner, Kelsey L.; Beasley, James C.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [DeVault, Travis L.] USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Pitt, William C.] USDA APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Abernethy, Erin F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pitt, William C.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Abernethy, EF (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Abernethy, EF (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.; Abernethy, EF (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM efabernethy@gmail.com FU University of Georgia Research Foundation; USDA NWRC Hilo Field Station [12-7415-0936-CA]; US Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; agency of the US Government FX We appreciate the field assistance of Shem Unger. We sincerely thank Kelton Kotake, Bob Sugihara, Dean Foster, Tom McAuliffe, and Aaron Shiels at the USDA National Wildlife Research Center Hilo Field Station for making this study possible. We thank Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park and the Natural Area Reserve System of HI DLNR for giving us a location and permit to conduct our study. This work was supported through Cooperative Agreements among the University of Georgia Research Foundation, the USDA NWRC Hilo Field Station (No. 12-7415-0936-CA), and the US Department of Energy (No. DE-FC09-07SR22506). This paper was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the US Government. Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the US Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US Government or any agency thereof. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD OCT PY 2016 VL 7 IS 10 AR e01496 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1496 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EB2TU UT WOS:000387216300034 ER PT J AU Panayotov, D Poitevin, Y Grief, A Trow, M Dillistone, M Murgatroyd, JT Owen, S Peers, K Lyons, A Heaton, A Scott, R Merrill, BJ Humrickhouse, P AF Panayotov, Dobromir Poitevin, Yves Grief, Andrew Trow, Martin Dillistone, Michael Murgatroyd, Julian T. Owen, Simon Peers, Karen Lyons, Alex Heaton, Adam Scott, Richard Merrill, Brad J. Humrickhouse, Paul TI A Methodology for Accident Analysis of Fusion Breeder Blankets and Its Application to Helium-Cooled Lead-Lithium Blanket SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Accident analyses; DEMO; fusion breeder blankets (BBs); fusion safety; ITER; test blanket system (TBS); tritium breeder module (TBM) ID SAFETY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY; ITER SAFETY; DEMO PLANT; VESSEL LOCA; DESIGN; SYSTEMS; CODE; VALIDATION; LESSONS; PROGRAM AB "Fusion for Energy" (F4E) is designing, developing, and implementing the European helium-cooled lead-lithium (HCLL) and helium-cooled pebble-bed test blanket systems (TBSs) for ITER (Nuclear Facility INB-174). Safety demonstration is an essential element for the integration of these TBSs into ITER and accident analysis is one of its critical components. A systematic approach to accident analysis has been developed under the F4E contract on TBS safety analyses. F4E technical requirements, together with Amec Foster Wheeler and Idaho National Laboratory efforts, have resulted in a comprehensive methodology for fusion breeding blanket accident analysis that addresses the specificity of the breeding blanket designs, materials, and phenomena while remaining consistent with the approach already applied to the ITER accident analyses. The methodology phases are illustrated in this paper by its application to the EU HCLL TBS using both MELCOR and RELAP5 codes. C1 [Panayotov, Dobromir; Poitevin, Yves] Fus Energy F4E, ITER Dept, Barcelona 08019, Spain. [Grief, Andrew; Trow, Martin; Dillistone, Michael; Murgatroyd, Julian T.; Owen, Simon; Peers, Karen; Lyons, Alex; Heaton, Adam; Scott, Richard] Amec Foster Wheeler, Knutsford WA16 8QZ, England. [Merrill, Brad J.; Humrickhouse, Paul] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Humrickhouse, P (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM dobromir.panayotov@f4e.europa.eu; paul.humrickhouse@inl.gov FU F4E; Amec Foster Wheeler; INL under F4E [F4E-OMF-331-04-01-01] FX This work was supported by the F4E, Amec Foster Wheeler, and INL under F4E under Contract F4E-OMF-331-04-01-01. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 44 IS 10 BP 2511 EP 2522 DI 10.1109/TPS.2016.2607784 PN 2 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB3BZ UT WOS:000387238100029 ER PT J AU Yu, YD Kuang, YL Lei, DS Zhai, XB Zhang, M Krauss, RM Ren, G AF Yu, Yadong Kuang, Yu-Lin Lei, Dongsheng Zhai, Xiaobo Zhang, Meng Krauss, Ronald M. Ren, Gang TI Polyhedral 3D structure of human plasma very low density lipoproteins by individual particle cryo-electron tomography SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein B; antibodies; electron microscopy; three-dimensional ID NEGATIVE-STAINING PROTOCOL; APO-B; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; REMNANT LIPOPROTEINS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER; TRANSFER PROTEIN; LIPID TRANSFER; SECRETION; BINDING AB Human VLDLs assembled in the liver and secreted into the circulation supply energy to peripheral tissues. VLDL lipolysis yields atherogenic LDLs and VLDL remnants that strongly correlate with CVD. Although the composition of VLDL particles has been well-characterized, their 3D structure is elusive because of their variations in size, heterogeneity in composition, structural flexibility, and mobility in solution. Here, we employed cryo-electron microscopy and individual-particle electron tomography to study the 3D structure of individual VLDL particles (without averaging) at both below and above their lipid phase transition temperatures. The 3D reconstructions of VLDL and VLDL bound to antibodies revealed an unexpected polyhedral shape, in contrast to the generally accepted model of a spherical emulsion-like particle. The smaller curvature of surface lipids compared with HDL may also reduce surface hydrophobicity, resulting in lower binding affinity to the hydrophobic distal end of the N-terminal beta-barrel domain of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) compared with HDL. The directional binding of CETP to HDL and VLDL may explain the function of CETP in transferring TGs and cholesteryl esters between these particles. This first visualization of the 3D structure of VLDL could improve our understanding of the role of VLDL in atherogenesis. C1 [Yu, Yadong; Lei, Dongsheng; Zhai, Xiaobo; Zhang, Meng; Ren, Gang] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kuang, Yu-Lin; Krauss, Ronald M.] Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Atherosclerosis Res, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Ren, G (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gren@lbl.gov FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01GM104427]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R01HL115153]; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Savannah River Operations Office, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Grant R01GM104427) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Grant R01HL115153) of the National Institutes of Health. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and the Savannah River Operations Office, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Number DE-AC02-05CH11231. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 EI 1539-7262 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 1879 EP 1888 DI 10.1194/jlr.M070375 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB2ZR UT WOS:000387231600013 PM 27538822 ER PT J AU Leary, A Keylin, V Devaraj, A DeGeorge, V Ohodnicki, P McHenry, ME AF Leary, A. Keylin, V. Devaraj, A. DeGeorge, V. Ohodnicki, P. McHenry, M. E. TI Stress induced anisotropy in Co-rich magnetic nanocomposites for inductive applications SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE magnetic properties; nanoscale ID (FE0.5CO0.5)(88)ZR7B4CU1 NANOCRYSTALLINE ALLOYS; INDUCED DIRECTIONAL ORDER; FE-NI ALLOYS; NB-SI-B; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY; HIGH-FREQUENCY; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; FERROMAGNETIC CRYSTAL AB Magnetic nanocomposites, annealed under stress, are investigated for application in inductive devices. Stress annealed Co-based metal/amorphous nanocomposites (MANCs) previously demonstrated induced magnetic anisotropies greater than an order of magnitude larger than field annealed Co-based MANCs and response to applied stress twice that of Fe-based MANCs. Transverse magnetic anisotropies and switching by rotational processes impact anomalous eddy current losses at high frequencies. Here we review induced anisotropies in soft magnetic materials and show new Co-based MANCs having seven times the response to stress annealing as compared to Fe-based MANC systems. This response correlates with the alloying of early transition metal elements (TE) that affect both induced anisotropies and resistivities. At optimal alloy compositions, these alloys exhibit a nearly linear B-H loop, with tunable permeabilities. The electrical resistivity is not a function of processing stress but trends in electrical resistivity and induced anisotropy with choice and concentration of TE content are clearly resolved. Previously reported and record-level induced anisotropies, K-u, approximate to 20 kJ/m(3) (anisotropy fields, H-K approximate to 500 Oe), in stress annealed Co-rich MANCs are increased to K-u approximate to 70 kJ/m(3) (H-K > 1800 Oe) in new systems. C1 [Leary, A.; Keylin, V.; DeGeorge, V.; Ohodnicki, P.; McHenry, M. E.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15221 USA. [Devaraj, A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Phys & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Ohodnicki, P.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Leary, A (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15221 USA. EM leary@cmu.edu FU ARPA-E [DE-AR0000219]; U.S. Army [W911NF1410184]; DOE Solar Energy Technology Office; Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium through the SuNLaMP initiative [DE-EE-00031004]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Material Synthesis and simulations Initiative conducted under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Lab (PNNL) FX A.M.L. and M.E.M. were supported by ARPA-E Award No. DE-AR0000219. V.K. was partially supported by ARPA-E Award No. DE-AR0000219 and by the U.S. Army through Award W911NF1410184. The authors also acknowledge support from the DOE Solar Energy Technology Office and the Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium through the SuNLaMP initiative under agreement # DE-EE-00031004. Atom probe tomography was performed using Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. EMSL is located at PNNL, a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830 for the U.S. Department of Energy. AD would like to acknowledge the funding from the Material Synthesis and simulations Initiative conducted under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Lab (PNNL). The authors thank T. Nuhfer for HRTEM imaging. NR 118 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 31 IS 20 BP 3089 EP 3107 DI 10.1557/jmr.2016.324 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EB7EZ UT WOS:000387550500001 ER PT J AU Cheng, YW Chang, HJ Dong, H Choi, D Sprenkle, VL Liu, J Yao, Y Li, GS AF Cheng, Yingwen Chang, Hee Jung Dong, Hui Choi, Daiwon Sprenkle, Vincent L. Liu, Jun Yao, Yan Li, Guosheng TI Rechargeable Mg-Li hybrid batteries: status and challenges SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE energy storage; mg; li ID HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY; SODIUM-ION BATTERIES; LITHIUM METAL ANODE; REDOX-FLOW BATTERY; MAGNESIUM BATTERIES; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; CURRENT COLLECTORS; GRIGNARD-REAGENT; HIGH-VOLTAGE AB A magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) hybrid battery consists of an Mg metal anode, a Li+ intercalation cathode, and a dual-salt electrolyte with both Mg2+ and Li+ ions. The demonstration of this technology has appeared in literature for few years and great advances have been achieved in terms of electrolytes, various Li cathodes, and cell architectures. Despite excellent battery performances including long cycle life, fast charge/discharge rate, and high Coulombic efficiency, the overall research of Mg-Li hybrid battery technology is still in its early stage, and also raised some debates on its practical applications. In this regard, we focus on a comprehensive overview of Mg-Li hybrid battery technologies developed in recent years. Detailed discussion of Mg-Li hybrid operating mechanism based on experimental results from literature helps to identify the current status and technical challenges for further improving the performance of Mg-Li hybrid batteries. Finally, a perspective for Mg-Li hybrid battery technologies is presented to address strategic approaches for existing technical barriers that need to be overcome in future research direction. C1 [Cheng, Yingwen; Chang, Hee Jung; Choi, Daiwon; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Liu, Jun; Li, Guosheng] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Energy Proc & Mat Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Dong, Hui; Yao, Yan] Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Dong, Hui; Yao, Yan] Univ Houston, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Li, GS (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Energy Proc & Mat Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.; Yao, Y (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM yyao4@uh.edu; guosheng.li@pnnl.gov RI Choi, Daiwon/B-6593-2008 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability [57558]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [KC020105-FW P12152]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0543]; DOE [DE AC05-76RL01830] FX Y.W.C, H.J.C., and H.D equally contributed for this work. Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, under Contract No. 57558, and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Award KC020105-FW P12152. Y. Y. acknowledges financial support from the Office of Naval Research (No. N00014-13-1-0543). PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle under contract DE AC05-76RL01830. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 58 U2 58 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 EI 2044-5326 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 31 IS 20 BP 3125 EP 3141 DI 10.1557/jmr.2016.331 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EB7EZ UT WOS:000387550500004 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Zhou, Z Botterud, A Zhang, KF Ding, Q AF Wang, Ying Zhou, Zhi Botterud, Audun Zhang, Kaifeng Ding, Qia TI Stochastic coordinated operation of wind and battery energy storage system considering battery degradation SO JOURNAL OF MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND CLEAN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Wind power; Battery energy storage system (BESS); Battery degradation; Stochastic programming; Rolling optimization ID POWER-GENERATION; CYCLE LIFE; UNCERTAINTY; MARKETS; LIMIT AB Grid-scale battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are promising to solve multiple problems for future power systems. Due to the limited lifespan and high cost of BESS, there is a cost-benefit trade-off between battery effort and operational performance. Thus, we develop a battery degradation model to accurately represent the battery degradation and related cost during battery operation and cycling. A linearization method is proposed to transform the developed battery degradation model into the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problems. The battery degradation model is incorporated with a hybrid deterministic/stochastic look-ahead rolling optimization model of wind-BESS bidding and operation in the real-time electricity market. Simulation results show that the developed battery degradation model is able to effectively help to extend the battery cycle life and make more profits for wind-BESS. Moreover, the proposed rolling look-ahead operational optimization strategy can utilize the updated wind power forecast, thereby also increase the wind-BESS profit. C1 [Wang, Ying; Zhang, Kaifeng] Southeast Univ, Sch Automat, Key Lab Measurement & Control, CSE, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Zhi; Botterud, Audun] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Ding, Qia] NARI Technol Co Ltd, Nanjing 211106, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, KF (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Sch Automat, Key Lab Measurement & Control, CSE, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM wangyingseu@126.com; zzhou@anl.gov; abotterud@anl.gov; kaifengzhang@seu.edu.cn; dingqia@sgepri.sgcc.com.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51477157]; State Grid Corporation of China (Research on Probabilistic Economic Dispatch and Security Correction with Large-scale Renewable Energy Integration); China Scholarship Council; U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Power Program FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51477157), State Grid Corporation of China (Research on Probabilistic Economic Dispatch and Security Correction with Large-scale Renewable Energy Integration) and China Scholarship Council, as well as the U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Power Program. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU STATE GRID ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INST PI NANJING PA NO 19 CHENGXIN AVE, JIANGNING DISTRICT, NANJING, 211106, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2196-5625 EI 2196-5420 J9 J MOD POWER SYST CLE JI J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 4 SI SI BP 581 EP 592 DI 10.1007/s40565-016-0238-z PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA EB2YP UT WOS:000387228800006 ER PT J AU Sturtevant, BT Pantea, C Sinha, DN AF Sturtevant, Blake T. Pantea, Cristian Sinha, Dipen N. TI High frequency signal acquisition using a smartphone in an undergraduate teaching laboratory: Applications in ultrasonic resonance spectra SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATION AB A simple and inexpensive approach to acquiring signals in the megahertz frequency range using a smartphone is described. The approach is general, applicable to electromagnetic as well as acoustic measurements, and makes available to undergraduate teaching laboratories experiments that are traditionally inaccessible due to the expensive equipment that are required. This paper focuses on megahertz range ultrasonic resonance spectra in liquids and solids, although there is virtually no upper limit on frequencies measurable using this technique. Acoustic resonance measurements in water and Fluorinert in a one dimensional ( 1D) resonant cavity were conducted and used to calculate sound speed. The technique is shown to have a precision and accuracy significantly better than one percent in liquid sound speed. Measurements of 3D resonances in an isotropic solid sphere were also made and used to determine the bulk and shear moduli of the sample. The elastic moduli determined from the solid resonance measurements agreed with those determined using a research grade vector network analyzer to better than 0.5%. The apparatus and measurement technique described can thus make research grade measurements using standardly available laboratory equipment for a cost that is two-to-three orders of magnitude less than the traditional measurement equipment used for these measurements. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Sturtevant, Blake T.; Pantea, Cristian; Sinha, Dipen N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sturtevant, BT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bsturtev@lanl.gov RI Pantea, Cristian/D-4108-2009 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 140 IS 4 BP 2810 EP 2816 DI 10.1121/1.4965289 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA EB3JN UT WOS:000387260600068 PM 27794352 ER PT J AU Ouyang, GY Ray, PK Kramer, MJ Akinc, M AF Ouyang, Gaoyuan Ray, Pratik K. Kramer, Matthew J. Akinc, Mufit TI Effect of AlN Substitutions on the Oxidation Behavior of ZrB2-SiC Composites at 1600 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ZrB2; SiC; AlN; Oxidation; UHTC ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE CERAMICS; DIBORIDE-SILICON CARBIDE; SINTERING AID; OXIDE-FILMS; SIC CONTENT; MICROSTRUCTURE; CONVECTION; EVOLUTION; VISCOSITY; LIQUIDS AB The oxidation behavior of ZrB2-SiC composites, with varying amounts of AlN substituting for ZrB2, was studied isothermally under static ambient air at 1600 degrees C for up to 5 h. Small amounts of AlN substitutions (<= 10 vol%) were found to result in marginal improvement in the oxidation resistance, whereas larger amounts resulted in a significant deterioration. The size of ZrO2 clusters formed on the oxidized surface was found to be a function of the AlN content. This effect was more pronounced after longer oxidation times (similar to 1 h) as opposed to shorter durations (similar to 5 min). It was postulated that presence of AlN results in the formation of Al2O3 during the oxidation process, subsequently resulting in a lowering of viscosity of the glassy silica scale, which facilitates the coarsening of ZrO2 clusters. This also increases oxygen permeation through the scale which adversely affects the oxidation resistance of the high AlN content composites. C1 [Ouyang, Gaoyuan; Ray, Pratik K.; Kramer, Matthew J.; Akinc, Mufit] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ouyang, Gaoyuan; Ray, Pratik K.; Kramer, Matthew J.; Akinc, Mufit] Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ray, PK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Ray, PK (reprint author), Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM prat@iastate.edu FU AFOSRHTAM [FA9550-11-1-201] FX The authors acknowledge the funding support from AFOSRHTAM under contract # FA9550-11-1-201. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 99 IS 10 BP 3389 EP 3397 DI 10.1111/jace.14345 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA EB2WL UT WOS:000387223200032 ER PT J AU Silva, H Carnes, B AF Silva, Humberto, III Carnes, Brian TI Fully Two-Dimensional Verification Problem for Coupled Heat Conduction and Enclosure Radiation SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB Verification of tightly coupled multiphysics computational codes is generally significantly more difficult than verification of single-physics codes. The case of coupled heat conduction and thermal radiation in an enclosure is considered, and it is extended to a manufactured solution verification test for enclosure radiation to a fully two-dimensional coupled problem with conduction and thermal radiation. Convergence results are shown using a production thermal analysis code. Convergence rates are optimal with a pairwise view-factor calculation algorithm. C1 [Silva, Humberto, III; Carnes, Brian] Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 0828, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Silva, H (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mail Stop 0828, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0887-8722 EI 1533-6808 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 799 EP 803 DI 10.2514/1.T4694 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA EB4JQ UT WOS:000387338000006 ER PT J AU Aithal, SM AF Aithal, S. M. TI Turbulent Natural Convection in a Square Cavity with a Circular Cylinder SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT VERTICAL LOCATIONS; HIGH RAYLEIGH NUMBER; HEAT-TRANSFER; DRIVEN CAVITY; ENCLOSURE; LAMINAR; ELEMENT; ANNULUS; RANS; FLOW AB Numerical simulations of high Rayleigh number flows (10(8) - 10(10)) were conducted to investigate the turbulent fluid flow and thermal characteristics of natural convection induced by a centrally placed hot cylinder in a cold square enclosure. The effect of the aspect ratio (radius of the cylinder to the side of the cavity) was investigated for three values (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) for each Rayleigh number. Effects of turbulence induced by the high Rayleigh number (> 10(7)) were computed by using the unsteady k-omega model. A spectral-element method with high polynomial order (high resolution) was used to solve the systemof unsteady time-averaged equations of continuity, momentum, and energy, along with the turbulence equations. Detailed comparison with other numerical work is presented. Contours of velocity, temperature, and turbulence quantities are presented for various high Rayleigh numbers. Also presented is the influence of the Rayleigh number on the local Nusselt number on the centrally placed hot cylinder and the cold enclosure walls. Time-marching results show that the steady-state solutions can be obtained even for high Rayleigh numbers considered in this study. The results also show that the average and peak Nusselt numbers roughly double for each order of magnitude increase of the Rayleigh number for all radii considered. A correlation for the average Nusselt number as a function of Rayleigh number and aspect ratio is also presented. C1 [Aithal, S. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Aithal, SM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM aithal@cels.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This material was based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We gratefully acknowledge the computing resources provided on Blues, the high-performance computing cluster operated by the Laboratory Computing Resource Center at Argonne National Laboratory. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0887-8722 EI 1533-6808 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 843 EP 853 DI 10.2514/1.T4873 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA EB4JQ UT WOS:000387338000023 ER PT J AU Xi, X Johnson, MS Jeong, S Fladeland, M Pied, D Diaz, JA Bland, GL AF Xi, Xin Johnson, Matthew S. Jeong, Seongeun Fladeland, Matthew Pieri, David Diaz, Jorge Andres Bland, Geoffrey L. TI Constraining the sulfur dioxide degassing flux from Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica using unmanned aerial system measurements SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sulfur dioxide; Volcanic degassing; Turrialba; Unmanned aerial system; Inverse modeling; Unmanned aerial vehicle ID ATMOSPHERIC OBSERVATIONS; WEATHER RESEARCH; BOUNDARY-LAYER; STILT MODEL; CO2 FLUXES; EMISSIONS; SO2; GAS; GEOCHEMISTRY; SURVEILLANCE AB Observed sulfur dioxide (SO2) mixing ratios onboard unmanned aerial systems (UAS) during March 11-13, 2013 are used to constrain the three-day averaged SO2 degassing flux from Turrialba volcano within a Bayesian inverse modeling framework. A mesoscale model coupled with Lagrangian stochastic particle backward trajectories is used to quantify the source-receptor relationships at very high spatial resolutions (i.e., <1 km). The model shows better performance in reproducing the near-surface meteorological properties and observed SO2 variations when using a first-order closure non-local planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme. The optimized SO2 degassing fluxes vary from 0.59 +/- 037 to 0.83 +/- 033 kt d(-1) depending on the PBL scheme used. These fluxes are in good agreement with ground-based gas flux measurements, and correspond to corrective scale factors of 8-12 to the posteruptive SO2 degassing rate in the AeroCom emission inventory. The maximum a posteriori solution for the SO2 flux is highly sensitive to the specification of prior and observational errors, and relatively insensitive to the SO2 loss term and temporal averaging of observations. Our results indicate relatively low degassing activity but sustained sulfur emissions from Turrialba volcano to the troposphere during March 2013. This study demonstrates the utility of low-cost small UAS platforms for volcanic gas composition and flux analysis. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Xi, Xin; Johnson, Matthew S.; Fladeland, Matthew] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 232-21, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Jeong, Seongeun] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Pieri, David] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Diaz, Jorge Andres] Univ Costa Rica, CICANUM, GasLab, Sch Phys, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Bland, Geoffrey L.] NASA, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA USA. RP Xi, X (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 232-21, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM xin.xi30@gmail.com OI XI, XIN/0000-0003-3804-2735 FU NASA Postdoctoral Program FX X. Xi is supported by the NASA Postdoctoral Program administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at NASA ARC. SO2 data are obtained from the global 2000 present volcanogenic SO2 catalog being developed for the ASTER Volcano Archive (http://ava.jpl.nasa.gov) which was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology, under contract to NASA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 325 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.023 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EB2NB UT WOS:000387198000009 ER PT J AU Munoz-Saez, C Saltiel, S Manga, M Nguyen, C Gonnermann, H AF Munoz-Saez, Carolina Saltiel, Seth Manga, Michael Nguyen, Chinh Gonnermann, Helge TI Physical and hydraulic properties of modern sinter deposits: El Tatio, Atacama SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Silica sinter; Geothermal; Seismic velocity; Permeability; Porosity; Microbe filaments ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; HOT-SPRING SINTERS; PRECAMBRIAN IRON FORMATIONS; TAUPO VOLCANIC ZONE; GEOTHERMAL-FIELD; NEW-ZEALAND; NORTHERN CHILE; SILICEOUS SINTER; MICROBIAL TEXTURES; LOW-TEMPERATURE AB Sinters are siliceous, sedimentary deposits that form in geothermal areas. Formation occurs in two steps. Hot water circulates in the subsurface and dissolves silica from the host rock, usually rhyolites. Silica then precipitates after hot water is discharged and cools. Extensive sinter formations are linked to up-flow areas of fluids originating from high temperature (>175 degrees C) deep reservoirs. Fluid geochemistry, microbial communities, and environmental conditions of deposition determine the texture of sinter and pore framework. Porosity strongly influences physical and hydraulic properties of rocks. To better understand the properties controlling the transport of fluids, and interpret geophysical observations in geothermal systems, we studied 17 samples of modern geyserite sinter deposits (<10 ka) from the active El Tatio geothermal field in northern Chile. We measured the physical properties (hydraulic, seismic, and electrical), and internal microstructure (using mu X-Ray computed tomography). We find that the pore structure, and thus hydraulic and physical properties, is controlled by the distribution of microbial matter. Based on velocity-porosity relationships, permeability-porosity scaling, and image analysis of the 3D pore structure; we find that the physical and hydraulic properties of sinter more closely resemble those of vesicular volcanic rocks and other material formed by precipitation in geothermal settings (i.e., travertine) than clastic sedimentary rocks. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Munoz-Saez, Carolina; Saltiel, Seth; Manga, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Munoz-Saez, Carolina; Saltiel, Seth; Manga, Michael] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Nguyen, Chinh; Gonnermann, Helge] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. RP Munoz-Saez, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM carolimunoz@berlceley.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR1114184]; CEGA-University of Chile; Conicyt-Chile; Center for Latin American Studies-University of California Berkeley; Judy Webb Chair FX This research was supported by: National Science Foundation (EAR1114184), CEGA-University of Chile, Conicyt-Chile, Center for Latin American Studies-University of California Berkeley, and the Judy Webb Chair. We thank people who provided essential help in the laboratory and in the field: Tim Teague, Dula Parkinson, Yuxin Wu, Seiji Nakagawa, Jonathan Ajo-Franklin, Atsuko Namiki, Shaul Hurwitz, Max Rudolph, Angello Negri, Pablo Ortega. We thank the editor and reviewers of JVGR for their valuable comments. The fieldwork was performed with the permission of the Amayras Communities of Caspana and Toconce. NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 325 BP 156 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.026 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EB2NB UT WOS:000387198000013 ER PT J AU Mortimer, M Petersen, EJ Buchholz, BA Holden, PA AF Mortimer, Monika Petersen, Elijah J. Buchholz, Bruce A. Holden, Patricia A. TI Separation of Bacteria, Protozoa and Carbon Nanotubes by Density Gradient Centrifugation SO NANOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Tetrahymena thermophila; carbon-14; sucrose; iodixanol; bioaccumulation; bioconcentration; Stokes' Law ID TETRAHYMENA-THERMOPHILA; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; QUANTUM DOTS; CUO NANOPARTICLES; TROPHIC TRANSFER; GRAPHENE OXIDE; TOXICITY; TIO2; BIOACCUMULATION; NANOMATERIALS AB Sustainable production and use of carbon nanotube (CNT)-enabled materials require efficient assessment of CNT environmental hazards, including the potential for CNT bioaccumulation and biomagnification in environmental receptors. Microbes, as abundant organisms responsible for nutrient cycling in soil and water, are important ecological receptors for studying the effects of CNTs. Quantification of CNT association with microbial cells requires efficient separation of CNT-associated cells from individually dispersed CNTs and CNT agglomerates. Here, we designed, optimized, and demonstrated procedures for separating bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) from unbound multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and MWCNT agglomerates using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. We demonstrate separation of protozoa (Tetrahymena thermophila) from MWCNTs, bacterial agglomerates, and protozoan fecal pellets by centrifugation in an iodixanol solution. The presence of MWCNTs in the density gradients after centrifugation was determined by quantification of C-14-labeled MWCNTs; the recovery of microbes from the density gradient media was confirmed by optical microscopy. Protozoan intracellular contents of MWCNTs and of bacteria were also unaffected by the designed separation process. The optimized methods contribute to improved efficiency and accuracy in quantifying MWCNT association with bacteria and MWCNT accumulation in protozoan cells, thus supporting improved assessment of CNT bioaccumulation. C1 [Mortimer, Monika; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mortimer, Monika; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, UC CEIN, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mortimer, Monika] NICPB, Lab Environm Toxicol, Akad Tee 23, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. [Petersen, Elijah J.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Buchholz, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Holden, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Holden, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, UC CEIN, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM mmortimer@bren.ucsb.edu; elijah.petersen@nist.gov; buchholz2@llnl.gov; holden@bren.ucsb.edu RI Mortimer, Monika/A-2593-2013 OI Mortimer, Monika/0000-0001-9008-521X FU UC CEIN; NSF; EPA [DBI-1266377, DBI-0830117]; NIH/NIGMS [5P41GM103483]; trust of Henry H. Wheeler; Estonian Research Council [PUTJD16]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported by the UC CEIN with funding from the NSF and EPA under Cooperative Agreements DBI-1266377 and DBI-0830117 and by NIH/NIGMS 5P41GM103483. The project was additionally supported by funds from the trust of Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. M.M. acknowledges the Estonian Research Council grant PUTJD16. Work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344; reviewed and released as LLNL-JRNL-684658. Manu Chopra is acknowledged for assistance in experiments and image analysis and Sage Davis for performing ESEM in the Micro-Environmental Imaging and Analysis Facility at the University of California Santa Barbara [49]. We acknowledge the use of the NRI-MCDB Microscopy Facility and Materials Research Laboratory at UCSB. Certain commercial equipment, instruments and materials are identified in order to specify experimental procedures as completely as possible. In no case does such identification imply a recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology nor does it imply that any of the materials, instruments or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2079-4991 J9 NANOMATERIALS-BASEL JI Nanomaterials PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 AR 181 DI 10.3390/nano6100181 PG 21 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EB6HC UT WOS:000387481400006 ER PT J AU Beaudoin, BL Thangaraj, JCT Edstrom, D Ruan, J Lumpkin, AH Broemmelsiek, D Carlson, KA Crawford, DJ Romanov, A Santucci, JK Stancari, G Thurman-Keup, R Warner, A AF Beaudoin, B. L. Thangaraj, J. C. T. Edstrom, D., Jr. Ruan, J. Lumpkin, A. H. Broemmelsiek, D. Carlson, K. A. Crawford, D. J. Romanov, A. Santucci, J. K. Stancari, G. Thurman-Keup, R. Warner, A. TI Longitudinal bunch shaping of picosecond high-charge MeV electron beams SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID BIREFRINGENT CRYSTALS; LASER AB With ever increasing demands for intensities in modern accelerators, the understanding of space-charge effects becomes crucial. Herein are presented measurements of optically shaped picosecond-long electron beams in a superconducting L-band linac over a wide range of charges, from 0.2 nC to 3.4 nC. At low charges, the shape of the electron beam is preserved, while at higher charge densities, modulations on the beam convert to energy modulations. Energy profile measurements using a spectrometer and time profile measurements using a streak camera reveal the dynamics of longitudinal space-charge on MeV-scale electron beams. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Beaudoin, B. L.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Thangaraj, J. C. T.; Edstrom, D., Jr.; Ruan, J.; Lumpkin, A. H.; Broemmelsiek, D.; Carlson, K. A.; Crawford, D. J.; Romanov, A.; Santucci, J. K.; Stancari, G.; Thurman-Keup, R.; Warner, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Beaudoin, BL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Beaudoin, Brian/D-5174-2017 OI Beaudoin, Brian/0000-0001-9935-4658 FU University Research Association, Inc.; U.S. Department of Energy; DOE [DEAC02-07CH11359] FX We would like to thank A. Valishev, P. Piot, E. Harms, and V. Shiltsev for encouraging and supporting this project as well as thank N. Eddy and B. Fellenz for assisting with instrumentation. We would also like to thank M. Borland (ANL) for his assistance with ELEGANT scripts. We thank the University Research Association, Inc. and the U.S. Department of Energy for supporting our work. This work was supported by the DOE Contract No. DEAC02-07CH11359 to the Fermi Research Alliance LLC. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 103107 DI 10.1063/1.4964722 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500084 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Shepherd, R Allan, P Brown, CRD Hill, MP Hoarty, DJ Hobbs, LMR James, SF Chung, HK Hill, E AF Beiersdorfer, P. Brown, G. V. Shepherd, R. Allan, P. Brown, C. R. D. Hill, M. P. Hoarty, D. J. Hobbs, L. M. R. James, S. F. Chung, H. K. Hill, E. TI Lineshape measurements of He-beta spectra on the ORION laser facility SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID HELIUM-LIKE; LINE IDENTIFICATION; PLASMAS; IONS; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; PULSES; IRON AB We have utilized a newly developed high-resolution X-ray spectrometer to measure the shapes of spectral lines produced from laser-irradiated targets on the Orion laser facility in the United Kingdom. We present measurements of the He-beta spectra of chlorine and chromium from targets irradiated by either a long-pulse or a short-pulse laser beam. The experimental conditions provide a spread in plasma density ranging from about 10(19) to about 10(24) cm(-3). We present spectral calculations that show that the relative intensities of the Li-like satellite lines can be used to infer the density in the lower range, especially if the lithiumlike satellite lines are well resolved. In addition, we use the Stark-broadened width of the He-beta line to infer densities above about 10(22) cm(-3). In the case of a short-pulse irradiated chromium foil, we find that the He-like chromium is produced at a density of almost 8 g/cm(3), i.e., solid density. In addition, we can infer the electron temperature from the observation of dielectronic recombination satellite lines. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Beiersdorfer, P.; Brown, G. V.; Shepherd, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Allan, P.; Brown, C. R. D.; Hill, M. P.; Hoarty, D. J.; Hobbs, L. M. R.; James, S. F.] AWE Plc, Directorate Res & Appl Sci, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Chung, H. K.] IAEA, Vienna Int Ctr, POB 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Hill, E.] Imperial Coll, Blackett Lab, London SW11 2AZ, England. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101211 DI 10.1063/1.4965233 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500017 ER PT J AU Berry, LA Jaeger, EF Phillips, CK Lau, CH Bertelli, N Green, DL AF Berry, L. A. Jaeger, E. F. Phillips, C. K. Lau, C. H. Bertelli, N. Green, D. L. TI A generalized plasma dispersion function for electron damping in tokamak plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ION-CYCLOTRON; FULL-WAVE; FREQUENCIES AB Radio frequency wave propagation in finite temperature, magnetized plasmas exhibits a wide range of physics phenomena. The plasma response is nonlocal in space and time, and numerous modes are possible with the potential for mode conversions and transformations. In addition, diffraction effects are important due to finite wavelength and finite-size wave launchers. Multidimensional simulations are required to describe these phenomena, but even with this complexity, the fundamental plasma response is assumed to be the uniform plasma response with the assumption that the local plasma current for a Fourier mode can be described by the "Stix" conductivity. However, for plasmas with non-uniform magnetic fields, the wave vector itself is nonlocal. When resolved into components perpendicular (k(perpendicular to)) and parallel (k(parallel to)) to the magnetic field, locality of the parallel component can easily be violated when the wavelength is large. The impact of this inconsistency is that estimates of the wave damping can be incorrect (typically low) due to unresolved resonances. For the case of ion cyclotron damping, this issue has already been addressed by including the effect of parallel magnetic field gradients. In this case, a modified plasma response (Z function) allows resonance broadening even when k(parallel to) = 0, and this improves the convergence and accuracy of wave simulations. In this paper, we extend this formalism to include electron damping and find improved convergence and accuracy for parameters where electron damping is dominant, such as high harmonic fast wave heating in the NSTX-U tokamak, and helicon wave launch for off-axis current drive in the DIII-D tokamak. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Berry, L. A.; Jaeger, E. F.] XCEL Engn, 1066 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Phillips, C. K.; Bertelli, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, 100 Stellarator Rd, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Lau, C. H.; Green, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jaeger, EF (reprint author), XCEL Engn, 1066 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM jaegeref@ornl.gov FU Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC-5-00OR22725]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was sponsored by Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC-5-00OR22725. Numerical calculations used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102504 DI 10.1063/1.4964766 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500053 ER PT J AU Collins, GW Valenzuela, JC Hansen, SB Wei, MS Reed, CT Forsman, AC Beg, FN AF Collins, G. W. Valenzuela, J. C. Hansen, S. B. Wei, M. S. Reed, C. T. Forsman, A. C. Beg, F. N. TI Characterization of laser-cut copper foil X-pinches SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID ATOMIC MODELS; PLASMA AB Quantitative data analyses of laser-cut Cu foil X-pinch experiments on the 150 ns quarter-period, similar to 250 kA GenASIS driver are presented. Three different foil designs are tested to determine the effects of initial structure on pinch outcome. Foil X-pinch data are also presented alongside the results from wire X-pinches with comparable mass. The X-ray flux and temporal profile of the emission from foil X-pinches differed significantly from that of wire X-pinches, with all emission from the foil X-pinches confined to a similar to 3 ns period as opposed to the delayed, long-lasting electron beam emission common in wire X-pinches. Spectroscopic data show K-shell as well as significant L-shell emission from both foil and wire X-pinches. Fits to synthetic spectra using the SCRAM code suggest that pinching foil X's produced a similar to 1 keV, n(e) >= 10(23) cm(-3) plasma. The spectral data combined with the improved reliability of the source timing, flux, and location indicate that foil X-pinches generate a reproducible, K-shell point-projection radiography source that can be easily modified and tailored to suit backlighting needs across a variety of applications. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Collins, G. W.; Valenzuela, J. C.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Hansen, S. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Wei, M. S.; Reed, C. T.; Forsman, A. C.] Gen Atom, La Jolla, CA 92121 USA. RP Collins, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101212 DI 10.1063/1.4965238 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500018 ER PT J AU Comisso, L Lingam, M Huang, YM Bhattacharjee, A AF Comisso, L. Lingam, M. Huang, Y. -M. Bhattacharjee, A. TI General theory of the plasmoid instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FORCED MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AB A general theory of the onset and development of the plasmoid instability is formulated by means of a principle of least time. The scaling relations for the final aspect ratio, transition time to rapid onset, growth rate, and number of plasmoids are derived and shown to depend on the initial perturbation amplitude ((w) over cap (0)),the characteristic rate of current sheet evolution (1/tau), and the Lundquist number (S). They are not simple power laws, and are proportional to S-alpha tau(beta)[ln f (S, tau, (w) over cap (0))](sigma). The detailed dynamics of the instability is also elucidated, and shown to comprise of a period of quiescence followed by sudden growth over a short time scale. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Comisso, L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Princeton Univ, Ctr Heliophys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Comisso, L (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM lcomisso@princeton.edu RI Huang, Yi-Min/G-6926-2011; OI Huang, Yi-Min/0000-0002-4237-2211; Comisso, Luca/0000-0001-8822-8031 FU NSF [AGS-1338944, AGS-1460169]; DOE [DE-AC02-09CH-11466] FX It is a pleasure to acknowledge fruitful discussions with Eero Hirvijoki, Hantao Ji, Russell Kulsrud, Roscoe White, and Yao Zhou. This research was supported by the NSF Grant Nos. AGS-1338944 and AGS-1460169, and by the DOE Grant No. DE-AC02-09CH-11466. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 100702 DI 10.1063/1.4964481 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500002 ER PT J AU Cooper, CM Weisberg, DB Khalzov, I Milhone, J Flanagan, K Peterson, E Wahl, C Forest, CB AF Cooper, C. M. Weisberg, D. B. Khalzov, I. Milhone, J. Flanagan, K. Peterson, E. Wahl, C. Forest, C. B. TI Direct measurement of the plasma loss width in an optimized, high ionization fraction, magnetic multi-dipole ring cusp SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-ION SOURCE; CONFINEMENT; CONTAINMENT; DISCHARGE; FIELD AB The loss width of plasma in the WiPAL multi-dipole magnetic ring cusp [Cooper et al., Phys. Plasmas 21, 13505 (2014); Forest et al., J. Plasma Phys. 81, 345810501 (2015)] has been directly measured using a novel array of probes embedded in the insulating plasma limiters. The large plasma volume (similar to 10 m(3)), small loss area associated with strong rare earth permanent magnets (B-o similar to 2.23 kG at face), and large heating power (<= 200 kW) produces a broad range of electron temperatures (2 < T-e < 15 eV), ion temperatures (0: 03 < T-i < 2 eV), plasma densities (3 x 10(10) < n(e) < 2 x 10(12) cm(-3)), and ionization fractions (0: 05 < n(e)/(n(e) + n(n)) < 1), in both argon and helium, all of which were accurately measured. This plasma regime, accessible with high magnetic fields, differs from previous devices: the cusp loss width is much larger than the Debye length and electron gyroradius and comparable to the collision length. Plasma parameters measured at the surface of ceramic limiter tiles covering the magnets and along radial chords in the cusp magnetic field indicate that electron density and temperature are nearly constant on magnetic field lines and that the mirror forces play little role in confining the plasma other than to constrict the loss area. Particle balance modeling is used to determine the cross field diffusion coefficient base on the measured losses to the limiters. The experimentally determined cross field diffusion coefficient (which determines the cusp loss width) is consistent with ambipolar diffusion across five orders of magnitude. The ambipolar diffusion across a given field line is set primarily by the electron-neutral collisions in the region where the magnetic field is the weakest, even though these plasmas can have ionization fractions near 1. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Cooper, C. M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cooper, C. M.; Weisberg, D. B.; Khalzov, I.; Milhone, J.; Flanagan, K.; Peterson, E.; Wahl, C.; Forest, C. B.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Magnet Self Org, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weisberg, D. B.; Milhone, J.; Flanagan, K.; Peterson, E.; Wahl, C.; Forest, C. B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Khalzov, I.] Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. RP Cooper, CM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Cooper, CM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Magnet Self Org, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU NSF Award [PHY 0821899]; PFC Center for Magnetic Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas; DOE FX This work was funded in part by NSF Award No. PHY 0821899, PFC Center for Magnetic Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, and DOE. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102505 DI 10.1063/1.4963850 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500054 ER PT J AU Dasgupta, A Clark, RW Ouart, N Giuliani, J Velikovich, A Ampleford, DJ Hansen, SB Jennings, C Harvey-Thompson, AJ Jones, B Flanagan, TM Bell, KS Apruzese, JP Fournier, KB Scott, HA May, MJ Barrios, MA Colvin, JD Kemp, GE AF Dasgupta, A. Clark, R. W. Ouart, N. Giuliani, J. Velikovich, A. Ampleford, D. J. Hansen, S. B. Jennings, C. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Jones, B. Flanagan, T. M. Bell, K. S. Apruzese, J. P. Fournier, K. B. Scott, H. A. May, M. J. Barrios, M. A. Colvin, J. D. Kemp, G. E. TI A non-LTE analysis of high energy density Kr plasmas on Z and NIF SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID Z-PINCH PLASMAS; X-RAY; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; SHELL RADIATION; ATOMIC-NUMBER; Z MACHINE; EMISSION; IMPLOSIONS; TRANSPORT; PHYSICS AB Multi-keV X-ray radiation sources have a wide range of applications, from biomedical studies and research on thermonuclear fusion to materials science and astrophysics. The refurbished Z pulsed power machine at the Sandia National Laboratories produces intense multi-keV X-rays from argon Z-pinches, but for a krypton Z-pinch, the yield decreases much faster with atomic number ZA than similar sources on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. To investigate whether fundamental energy deposition differences between pulsed power and lasers could account for the yield differences, we consider the Kr plasma on the two machines. The analysis assumes the plasma not in local thermodynamic equilibrium, with a detailed coupling between the hydrodynamics, the radiation field, and the ionization physics. While for the plasma parameters of interest the details of krypton's M-shell are not crucial, both the L-shell and the K-shell must be modeled in reasonable detail, including the state-specific dielectronic recombination processes that significantly affect Kr's ionization balance and the resulting X-ray spectrum. We present a detailed description of the atomic model, provide synthetic K-and L-shell spectra, and compare these with the available experimental data from the Z-machine and from NIF to show that the K-shell yield behavior versus ZA is indeed related to the energy input characteristics. This work aims at understanding the probable causes that might explain the differences in the X-ray conversion efficiencies of several radiation sources on Z and NIF. C1 [Dasgupta, A.; Ouart, N.; Giuliani, J.; Velikovich, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Clark, R. W.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, 6551 Mid Cities Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ampleford, D. J.; Hansen, S. B.; Jennings, C.; Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Jones, B.; Flanagan, T. M.; Bell, K. S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Fournier, K. B.; Scott, H. A.; May, M. J.; Barrios, M. A.; Colvin, J. D.; Kemp, G. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dasgupta, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101208 DI 10.1063/1.4965243 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500014 ER PT J AU Harvey-Thompson, AJ Jennings, CA Jones, B Apruzese, JP Ampleford, DJ Lamppa, DC Coverdale, CA Cuneo, ME Giuliani, JL Hansen, SB Jones, MC Moore, NW Rochau, GA Thornhill, JW AF Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Jennings, C. A. Jones, B. Apruzese, J. P. Ampleford, D. J. Lamppa, D. C. Coverdale, C. A. Cuneo, M. E. Giuliani, J. L. Hansen, S. B. Jones, M. C. Moore, N. W. Rochau, G. A. Thornhill, J. W. TI Investigating the effect of adding an on-axis jet to Ar gas puff Z pinches on Z SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID K-SHELL EMISSION; X-RAY; RADIATION; IMPLOSIONS; SIMULATIONS; DIAGNOSTICS; PHYSICS AB Double-shell Ar gas puff implosions driven by 16.5 +/- 0.5 MA on the Z generator at Sandia National Laboratories are very effective emitters of Ar K-shell radiation (photon energy >3 keV), producing yields of 330 +/- 9% kJ [B. Jones et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 020706 (2015)]. Previous simulations and experiments have reported dramatic increases in K-shell yields when adding an on-axis jet to double shell gas puffs for some configurations. We report on a series of experiments on Z testing Ar gas puff configurations with and without an on-axis jet guided by 3D magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. Adding an on-axis jet was found to significantly improve the performance of some, but not all, configurations. The maximum observed K-shell yield of 375 +/- 9% kJ was produced with a configuration that rapidly imploded onto an on-axis jet. A dramatic difference was observed in the plasma conditions at stagnation when a jet was used, producing a narrower stagnation column in experiments with a higher density but relatively lower electron temperature. The MHD simulations accurately reproduce the experimental measurements. The conversion efficiency for electrical energy delivered to the load to K-shell x-rays is estimated to be similar to 12.5% for the best-performing configuration, similar to the best results from experiments at smaller facilities. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Jennings, C. A.; Jones, B.; Ampleford, D. J.; Lamppa, D. C.; Coverdale, C. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Hansen, S. B.; Jones, M. C.; Moore, N. W.; Rochau, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.; Giuliani, J. L.; Thornhill, J. W.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Naval Res Lab, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Harvey-Thompson, AJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101203 DI 10.1063/1.4965234 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500009 ER PT J AU Kemp, GE Colvin, JD Blue, BE Fournier, KB AF Kemp, G. E. Colvin, J. D. Blue, B. E. Fournier, K. B. TI Simulation study of enhancing laser driven multi-keV line-radiation through application of external magnetic fields SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; LOW-DENSITY PLASMA; X-RAY-EMISSION; KRYPTON; ENERGY; COEFFICIENTS; TRANSPORT; TARGETS; BEAMS AB We present a path forward for enhancing laser driven, multi-keV line-radiation from mid-to high-Z, sub-quarter-critical density, non-equilibrium plasmas through inhibited thermal transport in the presence of an externally generated magnetic field. Preliminary simulations with Kr and Ag suggest that as much as 50%-100% increases in peak electron temperatures are possible-without any changes in laser drive conditions-with magnetized interactions. The increase in temperature results in similar to 2-3x enhancements in laser-to-x-ray conversion efficiency for K-shell emission with simultaneous less than or similar to 4x reduction in L-shell emission using current field generation capabilities on the Omega laser and near-term capabilities on the National Ignition Facility laser. Increased plasma temperatures and enhanced K-shell emission are observed to come at the cost of degraded volumetric heating. Such enhancements in high-photon-energy x-ray sources could expand the existing laser platforms for increasingly penetrating x-ray radiography. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Kemp, G. E.; Colvin, J. D.; Blue, B. E.; Fournier, K. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kemp, GE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kemp10@llnl.gov OI Fournier, Kevin/0000-0002-1123-3788 NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101204 DI 10.1063/1.4965236 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500010 ER PT J AU Kirchen, M Lehe, R Godfrey, BB Dornmair, I Jalas, S Peters, K Vay, JL Maier, AR AF Kirchen, M. Lehe, R. Godfrey, B. B. Dornmair, I. Jalas, S. Peters, K. Vay, J. -L. Maier, A. R. TI Stable discrete representation of relativistically drifting plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER WAKEFIELD ACCELERATORS; LORENTZ-BOOSTED FRAME; NUMERICAL STABILITY; PIC SIMULATIONS; PARTICLE CODES; ALGORITHM; INSTABILITIES AB Representing the electrodynamics of relativistically drifting particle ensembles in discrete, co-propagating Galilean coordinates enables the derivation of a Particle-In-Cell algorithm that is intrinsically free of the numerical Cherenkov instability for plasmas flowing at a uniform velocity. Application of the method is shown by modeling plasma accelerators in a Lorentz-transformed optimal frame of reference. (C) 2016 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license C1 [Kirchen, M.; Dornmair, I.; Jalas, S.; Peters, K.; Maier, A. R.] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Kirchen, M.; Dornmair, I.; Jalas, S.; Peters, K.; Maier, A. R.] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Lehe, R.; Godfrey, B. B.; Vay, J. -L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Godfrey, B. B.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Kirchen, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.; Kirchen, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. EM manuel.kirchen@desy.de OI Godfrey, Brendan/0000-0003-2311-7060; Maier, Andreas/0000-0003-3361-4247 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Berkeley Lab; [HHH20] FX We gratefully acknowledge the computing time provided on the supercomputer JURECA under project HHH20 and on the PHYSnet cluster of the University of Hamburg. For verification of the method in Cartesian geometry with Warp, this research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work at LBNL was funded by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, including the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) funding from Berkeley Lab. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 100704 DI 10.1063/1.4964770 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500004 ER PT J AU Le, A Kwan, TJT Schmitt, MJ Herrmann, HW Batha, SH AF Le, A. Kwan, T. J. T. Schmitt, M. J. Herrmann, H. W. Batha, S. H. TI Simulation and assessment of ion kinetic effects in a direct-drive capsule implosion experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HYDRA SIMULATIONS; PLASMA SIMULATION; FUSION; TRANSPORT; IMPLICIT AB The first simulations employing a kinetic treatment of both fuel and shell ions to model inertial confinement fusion experiments are presented, including results showing the importance of kinetic physics processes in altering fusion burn. A pair of direct drive capsule implosions performed at the OMEGA facility with two different gas fills of deuterium, tritium, and helium-3 are analyzed. During implosion shock convergence, highly non-Maxwellian ion velocity distributions and separations in the density and temperature amongst the ion species are observed. Diffusion of fuel into the capsule shell is identified as a principal process that degrades fusion burn performance. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Le, A.; Kwan, T. J. T.; Schmitt, M. J.; Herrmann, H. W.; Batha, S. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Le, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory under U.S. DOE/NNSA Contract [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We would like to thank C. Bellei and S. Wilks for sharing the input deck of their LSP simulation and for useful advice and E. Dodd for helpful discussion and computing support. D. Welch and C. Thoma of the LSP team at Voss Scientific deserve our special thanks for their invaluable guidance. This work was performed under the auspices of Los Alamos National Laboratory under U.S. DOE/NNSA Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. Simulations were performed with LANL IC and ASC resources. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102705 DI 10.1063/1.4965913 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500069 ER PT J AU Le, A Egedal, J Daughton, W AF Le, A. Egedal, J. Daughton, W. TI Two-stage bulk electron heating in the diffusion region of anti-parallel symmetric reconnection SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONLESS MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; ACCELERATION; SIMULATIONS AB Electron bulk energization in the diffusion region during anti-parallel symmetric reconnection entails two stages. First, the inflowing electrons are adiabatically trapped and energized by an ambipolar parallel electric field. Next, the electrons gain energy from the reconnection electric field as they undergo meandering motion. These collisionless mechanisms have been described previously, and they lead to highly structured electron velocity distributions. Nevertheless, a simplified control-volume analysis gives estimates for how the net effective heating scales with the upstream plasma conditions in agreement with fully kinetic simulations and spacecraft observations. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Le, A.; Daughton, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Egedal, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Le, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU NASA at the Space Science Institute [NNX14AL38G]; LDRD office at LANL; NSF GEM [1405166]; NASA [NNX14AC68G]; NASA's Heliophysics Theory Program FX A.L. was supported by NASA Grant No. NNX14AL38G at the Space Science Institute and by the LDRD office at LANL. J.E. acknowledges the support through NSF GEM Award No. 1405166 and NASA Grant No. NNX14AC68G. W.D.'s work was supported by NASA's Heliophysics Theory Program. Simulations were performed on Pleiades provided by NASA's HEC Program and with LANL Institutional Computing resources. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102109 DI 10.1063/1.4964768 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500027 ER PT J AU Luo, J Chen, M Zhang, GB Yuan, T Yu, JY Shen, ZC Yu, LL Weng, SM Schroeder, CB Esarey, E AF Luo, J. Chen, M. Zhang, G. -B. Yuan, T. Yu, J. -Y. Shen, Z. -C. Yu, L. -L. Weng, S. -M. Schroeder, C. B. Esarey, E. TI Dynamics of boundary layer electrons around a laser wakefield bubble SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; ACCELERATORS; BEAMS; MODEL; WAKE AB The dynamics of electrons forming the boundary layer of a highly nonlinear laser wakefield driven in the so called bubble or blowout regime is investigated using particle-in-cell simulations. It is shown that when the driver pulse intensity increases or the focal spot size decreases, a significant amount of electrons initially pushed by the laser pulse can detach from the bubble structure at its tail, middle, or front and form particular classes of waves locally with high densities, referred to as the tail wave, lateral wave, and bow wave. The tail wave and bow wave correspond to real electron trajectories, while the lateral wave does not. The detached electrons can be ejected transversely, containing considerable energy, and reducing the efficiency of the laser wakefield accelerator. Some of the transversely emitted electrons may obtain MeV level energy. These electrons can be used for wake evolution diagnosis and producing high frequency radiation. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Luo, J.; Chen, M.; Zhang, G. -B.; Yuan, T.; Yu, J. -Y.; Shen, Z. -C.; Yu, L. -L.; Weng, S. -M.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Laser Plasmas, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Luo, J.; Chen, M.; Zhang, G. -B.; Yuan, T.; Yu, J. -Y.; Shen, Z. -C.; Yu, L. -L.; Weng, S. -M.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Luo, J.; Chen, M.; Zhang, G. -B.; Yuan, T.; Yu, J. -Y.; Shen, Z. -C.; Yu, L. -L.; Weng, S. -M.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr IFSA CICIFSA, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Schroeder, C. B.; Esarey, E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, M (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Laser Plasmas, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.; Chen, M (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.; Chen, M (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr IFSA CICIFSA, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM minchen@sjtu.edu.cn RI Chen, Min/A-9955-2010; Weng, Su-Ming/F-8076-2011 OI Chen, Min/0000-0002-4290-9330; Weng, Su-Ming/0000-0001-7746-9462 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2013CBA01504]; National Science Foundation of China [11421064, 11374209, 11374210]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CBA01504), the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11421064, 11374209, and 11374210). This work was also supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to acknowledge the OSIRIS Consortium, consisting of UCLA and IST (Lisbon, Portugal) for the use of OSIRIS and the visXD framework. Simulations were performed on the Supercomputer at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Tianhe II supercomputer at Guangzhou. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 103112 DI 10.1063/1.4966047 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500089 ER PT J AU Safronova, AS Kantsyrev, VL Weller, ME Shlyaptseva, VV Shrestha, IK Stafford, A Schmidt-Petersen, MT Lorance, MY Schultz, KA Chuvatin, AS AF Safronova, A. S. Kantsyrev, V. L. Weller, M. E. Shlyaptseva, V. V. Shrestha, I. K. Stafford, A. Schmidt-Petersen, M. T. Lorance, M. Y. Schultz, K. A. Chuvatin, A. S. TI Larger sized planar wire arrays of complex configuration on 1.5-1.8 MA Z-pinch generator SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV AB Two new approaches of (i) simultaneous study of implosion and radiative characteristics of different materials in wire array Z-pinch plasmas in one shot and (ii) investigation of larger sized wire arrays (to enhance energy coupling to plasmas and provide better diagnostic access) were developed in experiments with 1.5-1.8 MA Zebra with a Load Current Multiplier. In particular, the larger sized multi-plane Planar Wire Arrays with two outer planes placed at 9 and 15 mm from each other and then as far as at 19mm (compared with 6 mm studied before at standard 1 MA current) and with a modified central plane with 8 to 12 empty slots were investigated. Though K-shell Al and L-shell Ni, Cu plasmas have similar electron temperatures and densities, the ablation dynamics and radiation of Al and Ni, Cu planes are somewhat different, which was investigated in detail using the full set of diagnostics and modeling. Advantages of using such wire arrays at higher currents to study plasma flow and radiation from different materials and jets are highlighted. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Safronova, A. S.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Weller, M. E.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.; Shrestha, I. K.; Stafford, A.; Schmidt-Petersen, M. T.; Lorance, M. Y.; Schultz, K. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Chuvatin, A. S.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Phys Plasmas, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Weller, M. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Safronova, AS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101210 DI 10.1063/1.4965239 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500016 ER PT J AU Smalyuk, VA Robey, HF Doppner, T Casey, DT Clark, DS Jones, OS Milovich, JL Peterson, JL Bachmann, B Baker, KL Benedetti, LR Hopkins, LFB Bionta, R Bond, E Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Celliers, PM Cerjan, C Chen, KC Goyon, C Grim, G Dixit, SN Eckart, MJ Edwards, MJ Farrell, M Fittinghoff, DN Frenje, JA Gatu-Johnson, M Gharibyan, N Haan, SW Hamza, AV Hartouni, E Hatarik, R Havre, M Hohenberger, M Hoover, D Hurricane, OA Izumi, N Jancaitis, KS Khan, SF Knauer, JP Kroll, JJ Kyrala, G Lafortune, KN Landen, OL Ma, T MacGowan, BJ MacPhee, AG Mauldin, M Merrill, FE Moore, AS Nagel, S Nikroo, A Pak, A Patel, PK Ralph, JE Sayre, DB Shaughnessy, D Spears, BK Tommasini, R Turnbull, DP Velikovich, AL Volegov, PL Weber, CR Widmayer, CC Yeamans, C AF Smalyuk, V. A. Robey, H. F. Doppner, T. Casey, D. T. Clark, D. S. Jones, O. S. Milovich, J. L. Peterson, J. L. Bachmann, B. Baker, K. L. Benedetti, L. R. Hopkins, L. F. Berzak Bionta, R. Bond, E. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Celliers, P. M. Cerjan, C. Chen, K. -C. Goyon, C. Grim, G. Dixit, S. N. Eckart, M. J. Edwards, M. J. Farrell, M. Fittinghoff, D. N. Frenje, J. A. Gatu-Johnson, M. Gharibyan, N. Haan, S. W. Hamza, A. V. Hartouni, E. Hatarik, R. Havre, M. Hohenberger, M. Hoover, D. Hurricane, O. A. Izumi, N. Jancaitis, K. S. Khan, S. F. Knauer, J. P. Kroll, J. J. Kyrala, G. Lafortune, K. N. Landen, O. L. Ma, T. MacGowan, B. J. MacPhee, A. G. Mauldin, M. Merrill, F. E. Moore, A. S. Nagel, S. Nikroo, A. Pak, A. Patel, P. K. Ralph, J. E. Sayre, D. B. Shaughnessy, D. Spears, B. K. Tommasini, R. Turnbull, D. P. Velikovich, A. L. Volegov, P. L. Weber, C. R. Widmayer, C. C. Yeamans, C. TI Experimental results of radiation-driven, layered deuterium-tritium implosions with adiabat-shaped drives at the National Ignition Facility SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; TAILORED DENSITY PROFILES; TAYLOR INSTABILITY; SHOCK AB Radiation-driven, layered deuterium-tritium (DT) implosions were carried out using 3-shock and 4-shock "adiabat-shaped" drives and plastic ablators on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [E. M. Campbell et al., AIP Conf. Proc. 429, 3 (1998)]. The purpose of these shots was to gain further understanding on the relative performance of the low-foot implosions of the National Ignition Campaign [M. J. Edwards et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 070501 (2013)] versus the subsequent high-foot implosions [T. Doppner et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 055001 (2015)]. The neutron yield performance in the experiment with the 4-shock adiabat-shaped drive was improved by factors similar to 3 to similar to 10, compared to five companion low-foot shots despite large low-mode asymmetries of DT fuel, while measured compression was similar to its low-foot companions. This indicated that the dominant degradation source for low-foot implosions was ablation-front instability growth, since adiabat shaping significantly stabilized this growth. For the experiment with the low-power 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive, the DT fuel compression was significantly increased, by similar to 25% to similar to 36%, compared to its companion high-foot implosions. The neutron yield increased by similar to 20%, lower than the increase of similar to 50% estimated from one-dimensional scaling, suggesting the importance of residual instabilities and asymmetries. For the experiment with the high-power, 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive, the DT fuel compression was slightly increased by similar to 14% compared to its companion high-foot experiments. However, the compression was reduced compared to the lower-power 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive, correlated with the increase of hot electrons that hypothetically can be responsible for reduced compression in high-power adiabat-shaped experiments as well as in high-foot experiments. The total neutron yield in the high-power 3-shock adiabat-shaped shot N150416 was 8.5 x 10(15) +/- 0.2 x 10(15), with the fuel areal density of 0.90 +/- 0.07 g/cm(2), corresponding to the ignition threshold factor parameter IFTX (calculated without alpha heating) of 0.34 +/- 0.03 and the yield amplification due to the alpha heating of 2.4 +/- 0.2. The performance parameters were among the highest of all shots on NIF and the closest to ignition at this time, based on the IFTX metric. The follow-up experiments were proposed to continue testing physics hypotheses, to measure implosion reproducibility, and to improve quantitative understanding on present implosion results. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Smalyuk, V. A.; Robey, H. F.; Doppner, T.; Casey, D. T.; Clark, D. S.; Jones, O. S.; Milovich, J. L.; Peterson, J. L.; Bachmann, B.; Baker, K. L.; Benedetti, L. R.; Hopkins, L. F. Berzak; Bionta, R.; Bond, E.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Celliers, P. M.; Cerjan, C.; Goyon, C.; Grim, G.; Dixit, S. N.; Eckart, M. J.; Edwards, M. J.; Fittinghoff, D. N.; Gharibyan, N.; Haan, S. W.; Hamza, A. V.; Hartouni, E.; Hatarik, R.; Hurricane, O. A.; Izumi, N.; Jancaitis, K. S.; Khan, S. F.; Kroll, J. J.; Lafortune, K. N.; Landen, O. L.; Ma, T.; MacGowan, B. J.; MacPhee, A. G.; Moore, A. S.; Nagel, S.; Nikroo, A.; Pak, A.; Patel, P. K.; Ralph, J. E.; Sayre, D. B.; Shaughnessy, D.; Spears, B. K.; Tommasini, R.; Turnbull, D. P.; Weber, C. R.; Widmayer, C. C.; Yeamans, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chen, K. -C.; Farrell, M.; Havre, M.; Hoover, D.; Mauldin, M.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Frenje, J. A.; Gatu-Johnson, M.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hohenberger, M.; Knauer, J. P.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Kyrala, G.; Merrill, F. E.; Volegov, P. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Velikovich, A. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Smalyuk, VA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009; OI Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565; Peterson, Luc/0000-0002-5167-5708 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; General Atomics [DE-NA0001808] FX The authors would like to thank K. Anderson, R. Betti, V. N. Goncharov, J. D. Lindl, and D. Shvarts for useful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by General Atomics under Contract No. DE-NA0001808. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102703 DI 10.1063/1.4964919 PG 19 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500067 ER PT J AU Stafford, A Safronova, AS Kantsyrev, VL Keim, SF Weller, ME Shrestha, I Shlyaptseva, VV AF Stafford, A. Safronova, A. S. Kantsyrev, V. L. Keim, S. F. Weller, M. E. Shrestha, I. Shlyaptseva, V. V. TI Radiation from mid-atomic-number X-pinches at 1.5-1.7 MA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID RAY SPECTROSCOPY; ZEBRA GENERATOR; PLASMAS; DENSE; UNR AB Recently, the first X-pinch experiments were performed at enhanced current on the Zebra generator using the Load Current Multiplier (LCM). Previously, X-pinches were found to achieve the highest K-shell electron temperatures at 1 MA on Zebra and these new experiments were performed to determine how the increased current will affect the radiative properties of the X-pinches. A comparison of the linear radiation yields suggests an increase of around 50% for the LCM experiments (similar to 10 kJ/cm at 1 MA, similar to 16 kJ/cm with LCM). These experiments used Cu or Ti alloy (6% Al, 4% V) wires for a first look at X-pinches at 1.5-1.7 MA at the University of Nevada, Reno. For Cu X-pinches, intense L-shell Cu radiation with electron temperatures >300 eV was recorded by both time gated and time integrated spectrometers. The time gated spectra show an evolution of line intensities from the high Rydberg states. For Ti alloy X-pinches, many interesting results from time gated spectra recorded during the Ti experiments were found such as: (i) the appearance of characteristic emission of Ti (wire material) and Fe (hardware material) in different orders of reflection beginning shortly before the first x-ray burst that was recorded for the next 15 ns, (ii) prominent K-shell Al radiation from the Ti alloy experiments despite the low percentage of Al in the alloy, and (iii) K-shell Al radiation that corresponds to 400-550 eV plasmas starting near the first x-ray burst. Time integrated spectra recorded intense K-shell Al radiation and K-shell Ti radiation from higher order reflections. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Stafford, A.; Safronova, A. S.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Keim, S. F.; Weller, M. E.; Shrestha, I.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Weller, M. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stafford, A (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101209 DI 10.1063/1.4965245 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500015 ER PT J AU Tangri, V Harvey-Thompson, AJ Giuliani, JL Thornhill, JW Velikovich, AL Apruzese, JP Ouart, ND Dasgupta, A Jones, B Jennings, CA AF Tangri, V. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Giuliani, J. L. Thornhill, J. W. Velikovich, A. L. Apruzese, J. P. Ouart, N. D. Dasgupta, A. Jones, B. Jennings, C. A. TI Simulations of Ar gas-puff Z-pinch radiation sources with double shells and central jets on the Z generator SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Radiation from High Energy Density Plasmas (RHEDP) CY JUN 09-12, 2015 CL Stateline, NV ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; MODELING ASSESSMENT; Z MACHINE; X-RAY; EMISSION; IMPLOSIONS; TRANSPORT; NOZZLE; CODE; MA AB Radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations using the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium Mach2-Tabular Collisional-Radiative Equilibrium code in (r, z) geometry are performed for two pairs of recent Ar gas-puff Z-pinch experiments on the refurbished Z generator with an 8 cm diameter nozzle. One pair of shots had an outer-to-inner shell mass ratio of 1:1.6 and a second pair had a ratio of 1:1. In each pair, one of the shots had a central jet. The experimental trends in the Ar Kshell yield and power are reproduced in the calculations. However, the K-shell yield and power are significantly lower than the other three shots for the case of a double-shell puff of 1:1 mass ratio and no central jet configuration. Further simulations of a hypothetical experiment with the same relative density profile of this configuration, but higher total mass, show that the coupled energy from the generator and the K-shell yield can be increased to levels achieved in the other three configurations, but not the K-shell power. Based on various measures of effective plasma radius, the compression in the 1:1 mass ratio and no central jet case is found to be less because the plasma inside the magnetic piston is hotter and of lower density. Because of the reduced density, and the reduced radiation cooling (which is proportional to the square of the density), the core plasma is hotter. Consequently, for the 1:1 outer-to-inner shell mass ratio, the load mass controls the yield and the center jet controls the power. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Tangri, V.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Jones, B.; Jennings, C. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Giuliani, J. L.; Thornhill, J. W.; Velikovich, A. L.; Ouart, N. D.; Dasgupta, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] NRL Engil Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Tangri, V (reprint author), Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. OI Velikovich, Alexander/0000-0002-2782-6246 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 101201 DI 10.1063/1.4965235 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500007 ER PT J AU Teng, Q Ferraro, N Gates, DA Jardin, SC White, RB AF Teng, Q. Ferraro, N. Gates, D. A. Jardin, S. C. White, R. B. TI Nonlinear asymmetric tearing mode evolution in cylindrical geometry SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK AB The growth of a tearing mode is described by reduced MHD equations. For a cylindrical equilibrium, tearing mode growth is governed by the modified Rutherford equation, i.e., the nonlinear Delta'(w). For a low beta plasma without external heating, Delta'(w) can be approximately described by two terms, Delta(ql)'(w), Delta(A)'(w) [White et al., Phys. Fluids 20, 800 (1977); Phys. Plasmas 22, 022514 (2015)]. In this work, we present a simple method to calculate the quasilinear stability index Delta(ql)' rigorously, for poloidal mode number m >= 2. Delta(ql)' is derived by solving the outer equation through the Frobenius method. Delta(ql)' is composed of four terms proportional to: constant Delta(0)', w, wlnw, and w 2. Delta(A)' is proportional to the asymmetry of island that is roughly proportional to w. The sum of Delta(ql)' and Delta(A)' is consistent with the more accurate expression calculated perturbatively [Arcis et al., Phys. Plasmas 13, 052305 (2006)]. The reduced MHD equations are also solved numerically through a 3D MHD code M3D-C1 [Jardin et al., Comput. Sci. Discovery 5, 014002 (2012)]. The analytical expression of the perturbed helical flux and the saturated island width agree with the simulation results. It is also confirmed by the simulation that the Delta(A)' has to be considered in calculating island saturation. Published by AIP Publishing. C1 [Teng, Q.; Ferraro, N.; Gates, D. A.; Jardin, S. C.; White, R. B.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Teng, Q (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. OI Ferraro, Nathaniel/0000-0002-6348-7827 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-SC0004125] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-09CH11466 and DE-SC0004125. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 AR 102515 DI 10.1063/1.4966243 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA EB5UH UT WOS:000387445500064 ER PT J AU Sato, TK Tremaine, M Parreiras, LS Hebert, AS Myers, KS Higbee, AJ Sardi, M McIlwain, SJ Ong, IM Breuer, RJ Narasimhan, RA Mcgee, MA Dickinson, Q La Reau, A Xie, D Tian, MY Reed, JL Zhang, YP Coon, JJ Hittinger, CT Gasch, AP Landick, R AF Sato, Trey K. Tremaine, Mary Parreiras, Lucas S. Hebert, Alexander S. Myers, Kevin S. Higbee, Alan J. Sardi, Maria McIlwain, Sean J. Ong, Irene M. Breuer, Rebecca J. Narasimhan, Ragothaman Avanasi Mcgee, Mick A. Dickinson, Quinn La Reau, Alex Xie, Dan Tian, Mingyuan Reed, Jennifer L. Zhang, Yaoping Coon, Joshua J. Hittinger, Chris Todd Gasch, Audrey P. Landick, Robert TI Directed Evolution Reveals Unexpected Epistatic Interactions That Alter Metabolic Regulation and Enable Anaerobic Xylose Use by Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MAP KINASE PATHWAY; C-OXIDASE BIOGENESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CAMP PATHWAY; TRANSLATIONAL REGULATION; SIGNALING NETWORK; GENOME SEQUENCE; GROWTH-RATE; IN-VIVO; YEAST AB The inability of native Saccharomyces cerevisiae to convert xylose from plant biomass into biofuels remains a major challenge for the production of renewable bioenergy. Despite extensive knowledge of the regulatory networks controlling carbon metabolism in yeast, little is known about how to reprogram S. cerevisiae to ferment xylose at rates comparable to glucose. Here we combined genome sequencing, proteomic profiling, and metabolomic analyses to identify and characterize the responsible mutations in a series of evolved strains capable of metabolizing xylose aerobically or anaerobically. We report that rapid xylose conversion by engineered and evolved S. cerevisiae strains depends upon epistatic interactions among genes encoding a xylose reductase (GRE3), a component of MAP Kinase (MAPK) signaling (HOG1), a regulator of Protein Kinase A (PKA) signaling (IRA2), and a scaffolding protein for mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis (ISU1). Interestingly, the mutation in IRA2 only impacted anaerobic xylose consumption and required the loss of ISU1 function, indicating a previously unknown connection between PKA signaling, Fe-S cluster biogenesis, and anaerobiosis. Proteomic and metabolomic comparisons revealed that the xylose-metabolizing mutant strains exhibit altered metabolic pathways relative to the parental strain when grown in xylose. Further analyses revealed that interacting mutations in HOG1 and ISU1 unexpectedly elevated mitochondrial respiratory proteins and enabled rapid aerobic respiration of xylose and other non-fermentable carbon substrates. Our findings suggest a surprising connection between Fe-S cluster biogenesis and signaling that facilitates aerobic respiration and anaerobic fermentation of xylose, underscoring how much remains unknown about the eukaryotic signaling systems that regulate carbon metabolism. C1 [Sato, Trey K.; Tremaine, Mary; Parreiras, Lucas S.; Hebert, Alexander S.; Myers, Kevin S.; Higbee, Alan J.; Sardi, Maria; McIlwain, Sean J.; Ong, Irene M.; Breuer, Rebecca J.; Narasimhan, Ragothaman Avanasi; Mcgee, Mick A.; Dickinson, Quinn; La Reau, Alex; Xie, Dan; Tian, Mingyuan; Reed, Jennifer L.; Zhang, Yaoping; Coon, Joshua J.; Hittinger, Chris Todd; Gasch, Audrey P.; Landick, Robert] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hebert, Alexander S.; Myers, Kevin S.; Higbee, Alan J.; Sardi, Maria; Coon, Joshua J.; Hittinger, Chris Todd; Gasch, Audrey P.] Univ Wisconsin, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Myers, Kevin S.; Sardi, Maria; Hittinger, Chris Todd; Gasch, Audrey P.] Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Higbee, Alan J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sardi, Maria; Hittinger, Chris Todd; Gasch, Audrey P.; Landick, Robert] Univ Wisconsin, Microbiol Doctoral Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tian, Mingyuan; Reed, Jennifer L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Coon, Joshua J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomol Chem, Madison, WI USA. [Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, JF Crow Inst Study Evolut, Madison, WI USA. [Landick, Robert] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Sato, TK; Gasch, AP; Landick, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Gasch, AP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Gasch, AP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Gasch, AP; Landick, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Microbiol Doctoral Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Landick, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM tksato@glbrc.wisc.edu; agasch@wisc.edu; landick@wisc.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Pew Charitable Trusts; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; NSF FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). CTH is a Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences and an Alfred Toepfer Faculty Fellow, supported by the Pew Charitable Trusts and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. MS was supported by a predoctoral NSF fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 94 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 AR e1006372 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006372 PG 31 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA EA5SM UT WOS:000386683300036 PM 27741250 ER PT J AU Kurt, TD Jiang, L Alderson, N Liu, J Eisenberg, D Sigurdson, CJ AF Kurt, Timothy D. Jiang, Lin Alderson, Nazilla Liu, Jun Eisenberg, David Sigurdson, Christina J. TI Key asparagine and glutamine residues promote cross-species prion conversion SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Kurt, Timothy D.; Alderson, Nazilla; Liu, Jun; Sigurdson, Christina J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kurt, Timothy D.; Alderson, Nazilla; Liu, Jun; Sigurdson, Christina J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Jiang, Lin; Eisenberg, David] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Jiang, Lin; Eisenberg, David] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Sigurdson, Christina J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol Immunol & Microbiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400014 ER PT J AU Parmeggiani, F Brunette, TJ Huang, PS Ekiert, D Bhabha, G Tsutakawa, S Hura, GL Tainer, JA Baker, D AF Parmeggiani, Fabio Brunette, T. J. Huang, Po-Ssu Ekiert, Damian Bhabha, Gira Tsutakawa, Susan Hura, Greg L. Tainer, John A. Baker, David TI Computational design of novel repeat protein families with atomic level accuracy SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Parmeggiani, Fabio; Brunette, T. J.; Huang, Po-Ssu; Baker, David] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ekiert, Damian; Bhabha, Gira] UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. [Tsutakawa, Susan; Hura, Greg L.; Tainer, John A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 66 EP 66 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400104 ER PT J AU Arturo, EC Gupta, K Heroux, A Stith, L Cross, PJ Parker, EJ Loll, PJ Jaffe, EK AF Arturo, Emilia C. Gupta, Kushol Heroux, Annie Stith, Linda Cross, Penelope J. Parker, Emily J. Loll, Patrick J. Jaffe, Eileen K. TI First Structure of Full-Length Mammalian Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Reveals the Architecture of the Resting-state Tetramer SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Arturo, Emilia C.; Stith, Linda; Jaffe, Eileen K.] Temple Hlth, Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Arturo, Emilia C.; Loll, Patrick J.] Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. [Gupta, Kushol] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Heroux, Annie] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cross, Penelope J.; Parker, Emily J.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 82 EP 83 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400130 ER PT J AU Kim, JJ Lorenz, R Arold, ST Reger, AS Sankaran, B Casteel, DE Herberg, FW Kim, C AF Kim, Jeong Joo Lorenz, Robin Arold, Stefan T. Reger, Albert S. Sankaran, Banumathi Casteel, Darren E. Herberg, Friedrich W. Kim, Choel TI Crystal Structure of PKG I:cGMP Complex Reveals a cGMP-Mediated Dimeric Interface that Facilitates cGMP-induced Activation SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Kim, Jeong Joo; Reger, Albert S.; Kim, Choel] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kim, Jeong Joo; Lorenz, Robin; Herberg, Friedrich W.] Univ Kassel, Dept Biochem, Kassel, Germany. [Arold, Stefan T.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol KAUST, Div Biol & Environm Sci & Engn, Computat Biosci Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Sankaran, Banumathi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Ctr Struct Biol, Berkeley, CA USA. [Casteel, Darren E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Kim, Choel] Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reger, Albert S.] Patheon Biol STL, St Louis, MO 63134 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400271 ER PT J AU Qin, LY Reger, AS Guo, E Yang, MP Zwart, P Casteel, DE Kim, C AF Qin, Liying Reger, Albert S. Guo, Elaine Yang, Matthew P. Zwart, Peter Casteel, Darren E. Kim, Choel TI Structures of cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase (PKG) I? Leucine Zippers Reveal an Interchain Disulfide Bond Important for Dimer Stability SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Qin, Liying; Kim, Choel] Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX USA. [Reger, Albert S.; Kim, Choel] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Yang, Matthew P.] Rice Univ, Dept Biochem, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Zwart, Peter] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 159 EP 159 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400279 ER PT J AU Rosa, L Tsygelnytska, A Kocmarek, A Wiggins, O Laspina, D Soares, A AF Rosa, Limone Tsygelnytska, Anna Kocmarek, Andrea Wiggins, Olivia Laspina, Denise Soares, Alexei TI Crystallization by controlled evaporation with acoustic monitoring SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Rosa, Limone; Tsygelnytska, Anna; Kocmarek, Andrea; Wiggins, Olivia; Laspina, Denise; Soares, Alexei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 159 EP 160 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400280 ER PT J AU Soares, AS Jakoncic, J Fuchs, MR Schneider, DK Berman, LE Myers, S Lazo, E Bhogadi, DK Bernstein, HJ Shi, WX Skinner, J Martins, B Stojanoff, V Sweet, RM McSweeney, S AF Soares, Alexei S. Jakoncic, Jean Fuchs, Martin R. Schneider, Dieter K. Berman, Lonny E. Myers, Stuart Lazo, Edwin Bhogadi, Dileep K. Bernstein, Herbert J. Shi, Wuxian Skinner, John Martins, Bruno Stojanoff, Vivian Sweet, Robert M. McSweeney, Sean TI NSLS-II macromolecular crystallography beamlines: opportunities for advanced data collection SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Soares, Alexei S.; Jakoncic, Jean; Fuchs, Martin R.; Schneider, Dieter K.; Berman, Lonny E.; Myers, Stuart; Lazo, Edwin; Bhogadi, Dileep K.; Bernstein, Herbert J.; Shi, Wuxian; Skinner, John; Martins, Bruno; Stojanoff, Vivian; Sweet, Robert M.; McSweeney, Sean] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 160 EP 161 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400282 ER PT J AU Teplitsky, E Joshi, K Zipper, L Borelli, A Scalia, A Ericson, D Laspina, D Soares, A AF Teplitsky, Ella Joshi, Karan Zipper, Lauren Borelli, Anthony Scalia, Alexander Ericson, Daniel Laspina, Denise Soares, Alexei TI New labware for high throughput screening of crystallization conditions and chemical libraries SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Teplitsky, Ella] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Joshi, Karan] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Zipper, Lauren] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Borelli, Anthony] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Scalia, Alexander] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY USA. [Ericson, Daniel] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biomed Engn, Buffalo, NY USA. [Laspina, Denise] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Soares, Alexei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci Directorate, NSLS 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 162 EP 163 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400286 ER PT J AU Thompson, MC Cascio, D Leibly, DJ Yeates, TO AF Thompson, Michael C. Cascio, Duilio Leibly, David J. Yeates, Todd O. TI An Allosteric Model for Control of Pore Opening by Substrate Binding in the EutL Microcompartment Shell Protein SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Thompson, Michael C.; Leibly, David J.; Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Cascio, Duilio; Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 163 EP 163 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400287 ER PT J AU He, W Evans, AC Felderman, M Tifrea, DF Rasley, A Homan, D Kamrud, K Wang, N Pal, S de la Maza, LM Hubby, B Peterson, T Fischer, NO Coleman, MA AF He, Wei Evans, Angela C. Felderman, Martina Tifrea, Delia F. Rasley, Amy Homan, David Kamrud, Kurt Wang, Nathaniel Pal, Sukumar de la Maza, Luis M. Hubby, Bolyn Peterson, Todd Fischer, Nicholas O. Coleman, Matthew A. TI Producing Membrane Bound Proteins as Countermeasures to Infectious Diseases SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [He, Wei; Evans, Angela C.; Rasley, Amy; Homan, David; Fischer, Nicholas O.; Coleman, Matthew A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Evans, Angela C.; Kamrud, Kurt; Wang, Nathaniel; Hubby, Bolyn; Peterson, Todd] Synthet Genom Vaccine Inc, La Jolla, CA USA. [Tifrea, Delia F.; Pal, Sukumar; de la Maza, Luis M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Pathol & Lab Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Coleman, Matthew A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Radiat Oncol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 165 EP 166 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400292 ER PT J AU Thompson, MC Cascio, D Leibly, DJ Yeates, TO AF Thompson, Michael C. Cascio, Duilio Leibly, David J. Yeates, Todd O. TI An Allosteric Model for Control of Pore Opening by Substrate Binding in the EutL Microcompartment Shell Protein SO PROTEIN SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Anniversary Symposium of the Protein-Society CY JUL 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Protein Soc C1 [Thompson, Michael C.; Leibly, David J.; Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, 405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Cascio, Duilio; Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Thompson, Michael C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0961-8368 EI 1469-896X J9 PROTEIN SCI JI Protein Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 SU S1 BP 176 EP 176 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EB1YJ UT WOS:000387152400314 ER PT J AU Doyle, JL Clark, SB AF Doyle, Jamie L. Clark, Sue B. TI Optimization of the electrochemical pre-concentration of trivalent lanthanum from aqueous media SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Electrochemical pre-concentration; mechanism of pre-concentration; lanthanides; lanthanum; mercury-film electrode ID MERCURY FILM; IN-SITU; CHRONOCOULOMETRY; VOLTAMMETRY; ELECTRODES; SEPARATION; ADSORPTION; ELEMENTS; SYSTEM AB Electrochemical pre-concentration has been shown to effectively increase sample sensitivity and decrease processing time; however, the basic mechanism and optimal conditions of the technique remain unknown, specifically for lanthanides. To gain a better understanding of the mechanism of action, the aqueous solution conditions required to maximize the electrochemical pre-concentration of lanthanum (La) were studied. Parameters investigated included pH, applied potential, and ionic strength. To further optimize and elucidate the mechanism of lanthanide pre-concentration, specific interactions of lanthanum with the mercury film electrode were studied. Three possible mechanisms were proposed based on preliminary observations, including ligand bridging, hydroxide formation, and amalgamation. C1 [Doyle, Jamie L.; Clark, Sue B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Doyle, Jamie L.] Low Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Clark, Sue B.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Doyle, JL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM doyle@lanl.gov FU Academic Research Initiative of the Joint Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Department of Homeland Security; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0833548, DN-077-ARI-03302]; DHS; NSF; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA-1-14-10069] FX J. L. D. would like to thank Dr. Francis Cheng of the University of Idaho and Dr. Mark Engelmann of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for their advice and suggestions on the electrochemistry. The authors would like to thank Charles Knaack and Scott Boroughs at the Washington State University GeoAnalytical Laboratory for their assistance in the ICP-MS measurements. The authors would also like to thank Academic Research Initiative of the Joint Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Department of Homeland Security, and the National Science Foundation, for funding under Grant Numbers ECCS-0833548 and DN-077-ARI-03302. S. B. C. also acknowledges support from DHS and NSF as described above, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, grant number HDTRA-1-14-10069. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0033-8230 J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA JI Radiochim. Acta PD OCT PY 2016 VL 104 IS 10 BP 707 EP 714 DI 10.1515/ract-2015-2554 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA EB1WJ UT WOS:000387146700004 ER PT J AU Bollinger, AT Bozovic, I AF Bollinger, A. T. Bozovic, I. TI Two-dimensional superconductivity in the cuprates revealed by atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE high temperature superconductvity; two-dimensional superconductivity; interface superconductivity; superconductor insulator transition ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; INTERFACE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; DENSITY; SUPERLATTICES; LA2-XSRXCUO4; MULTILAYERS; TRANSITION; PSEUDOGAP; INSULATOR; OXIDES AB Various electronic phases displayed by cuprates that exhibit high temperature superconductivity continue to attract much interest. We provide a short review of several experiments that we have performed aimed at investigating the superconducting state in these compounds. Measurements on single-phase films, bilayers, and superlattices all point to the conclusion that the high-temperature superconductivity (HTS) in these materials is an essentially quasi-two dimensional phenomenon. With proper control over the film growth, HTS can exist in a single copper oxide plane with the critical temperatures as high as that achieved in the bulk samples. C1 [Bollinger, A. T.; Bozovic, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bozovic, I.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Bozovic, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Bozovic, I (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM bozovic@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 EI 1361-6668 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 29 IS 10 AR 103001 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/29/10/103001 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA EB4NG UT WOS:000387348000001 ER PT J AU Kalinin, SV Strelcov, E Belianinov, A Somnath, S Vasudevan, RK Lingerfelt, EJ Archibald, RK Chen, CM Proksch, R Laanait, N Jesse, S AF Kalinin, Sergei V. Strelcov, Evgheni Belianinov, Alex Somnath, Suhas Vasudevan, Rama K. Lingerfelt, Eric J. Archibald, Richard K. Chen, Chaomei Proksch, Roger Laanait, Nouamane Jesse, Stephen TI Big, Deep, and Smart Data in Scanning Probe Microscopy SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SEMANTIC PREDICATIONS; SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE; BAND EXCITATION; ION DIFFUSION; NANOSCALE; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; RECOGNITION; CANTILEVER AB Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques have opened the door to nanoscience and nanotechnology by enabling imaging and manipulation of the structure and functionality of matter at nanometer and atomic scales. Here, we analyze the scientific discovery process in SPM by following the information flow from the tip surface junction, to knowledge adoption by the wider scientific community. We further discuss the challenges and opportunities offered by merging SPM with advanced data mining,, visual analytics, and knowledge discovery technologies. C1 [Kalinin, Sergei V.; Strelcov, Evgheni; Belianinov, Alex; Somnath, Suhas; Vasudevan, Rama K.; Lingerfelt, Eric J.; Archibald, Richard K.; Laanait, Nouamane; Jesse, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Inst Funct Imaging Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kalinin, Sergei V.; Strelcov, Evgheni; Belianinov, Alex; Somnath, Suhas; Vasudevan, Rama K.; Laanait, Nouamane; Jesse, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lingerfelt, Eric J.; Archibald, Richard K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chen, Chaomei] Drexel Univ, Coll Comp & Informat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Proksch, Roger] Asylum Res, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. RP Kalinin, SV; Belianinov, A; Jesse, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Inst Funct Imaging Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Kalinin, SV; Belianinov, A; Jesse, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov; belianinova@ornl.gov; sjesse@ornl.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Eugene P. Wigner Fellowship at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Compute and Data Environment for Science (CADES); applied mathematics program at the DOE; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, a DOE Office of Science User Facility at ORNL [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The research on developing advanced SPM methods and analysis was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility (S.V.K., E.S., A.B., S.S., R.K.V., N.L., and S.J.). Research by E.J.L. on developing the HPC data analysis and stewardship infrastructure is sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. N.L. was supported by the Eugene P. Wigner Fellowship at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. R.K.A. acknowledges the Compute and Data Environment for Science (CADES) for continuous support. The mathematical aspects were sponsored by the applied mathematics program at the DOE and the computational aspects made use of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, a DOE Office of Science User Facility at ORNL supported under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This manuscript has been authored by UT -Battelle, LLC, with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 172 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9068 EP 9086 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b04212 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600005 ER PT J AU Sang, XH Xie, Y Lin, MW Alhabeb, M Van Aken, KL Gogotsi, Y Kent, PRC Xiao, K Unocic, RR AF Sang, Xiahan Xie, Yu Lin, Ming-Wei Alhabeb, Mohamed Van Aken, Katherine L. Gogotsi, Yury Kent, Paul R. C. Xiao, Kai Unocic, Raymond R. TI Atomic Defects in Monolayer Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE MXene; conductivity; defect; vacancy; minimally intensive layer delamination (MILD) ID HIGH VOLUMETRIC CAPACITANCE; TRANSITION-METAL CARBIDES; 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; LIQUID EXFOLIATION; BORON-NITRIDE; GRAPHENE; INTERCALATION; PHOSPHORUS; MICROSCOPY AB The 2D transition metal carbides or nitrides, or MXenes, are emerging as a group of materials showing great promise in lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. Until now, characterization and properties of single-layer MXenes have been scarcely reported. Here, using scanning transmission electron microscopy, we determined the atomic structure of freestanding monolayer Ti3C2Tx flakes prepared via the minimally intensive layer delamination method and characterized different point defects that are prevalent in the monolayer flakes. We determine that the Ti vacancy concentration can be controlled by the etchant concentration during preparation. Density function theory-based calculations confirm the defect structures and predict that the defects can influence the surface morphology and termination groups, but do not strongly influence the metallic conductivity. Using devices fabricated from single- and few-layer Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes, the effect of the number of layers in the flake on conductivity has been demonstrated. C1 [Sang, Xiahan; Xie, Yu; Lin, Ming-Wei; Kent, Paul R. C.; Xiao, Kai; Unocic, Raymond R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kent, Paul R. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Alhabeb, Mohamed; Van Aken, Katherine L.; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Alhabeb, Mohamed; Van Aken, Katherine L.; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Sang, XH; Xie, Y; Unocic, RR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sangx@ornl.gov; xiey@ornl.gov; unocicrr@ornl.gov RI Kent, Paul/A-6756-2008; Sang, Xiahan/R-8229-2016 OI Kent, Paul/0000-0001-5539-4017; Sang, Xiahan/0000-0002-2861-6814 FU Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Research was supported as part of the Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Aberration corrected STEM imaging and device fabrication and measurement were conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 125 U2 125 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9193 EP 9200 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b05240 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600019 ER PT J AU Leng, K Chen, ZX Zhao, XX Tang, W Tian, BB Nai, CT Zhou, W Loh, KP AF Leng, Kai Chen, Zhongxin Zhao, Xiaoxu Tang, Wei Tian, Bingbing Nai, Chang Tai Zhou, Wu Loh, Kian Ping TI Phase Restructuring in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Highly Stable Energy Storage SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE 2D materials; lithium ion batteries; phase engineering; energy storage; transition metal dichalcogenides ID MOS2 NANOSHEETS; ATOMIC MECHANISM; SINGLE-LAYER; MONOLAYER; CATALYSIS AB Achieving homogeneous phase transition and uniform charge distribution is essential for good cycle stability and high capacity when phase conversion materials are used as electrodes. Herein, we show that chemical lithiation of bulk 2H-MoS2 distorts its crystalline domains in three primary directions to produce mosaic-like IT' nanocrystalline domains, which improve phase and charge uniformity during subsequent electrochemical phase conversion. 1T'-Li MoS2 a macroscopic dense material with interconnected nanoscale grains, shows excellent cycle stability and rate capability in a lithium rechargeable battery compared to bulk or exfoliated-restacked MOS2. Transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that the interconnected MoS2 nanocrystals created during the phase change process are reformable even after multiple cycles of galvanostatic charging/discharging, which allows them to play important roles in the long term cycling performance of the chemically intercalated TMD materials. These studies shed light on how bulk TMDs can be processed into quasi-2D nanophase material for stable energy storage. C1 [Leng, Kai; Chen, Zhongxin; Zhao, Xiaoxu; Tang, Wei; Tian, Bingbing; Nai, Chang Tai; Loh, Kian Ping] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem, 3 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore. [Loh, Kian Ping] Ctr Adv 2D Mat, 2 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 117526, Singapore. [Loh, Kian Ping] Graphene Res Ctr, 2 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 117526, Singapore. [Leng, Kai] SERIS, 7 Engn Dr 1, Singapore 117574, Singapore. [Zhou, Wu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Loh, KP (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem, 3 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.; Loh, KP (reprint author), Ctr Adv 2D Mat, 2 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 117526, Singapore.; Loh, KP (reprint author), Graphene Res Ctr, 2 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 117526, Singapore. EM chmlohkp@nus.edu.sg RI Tang, Wei/R-2997-2016; Zhou, Wu/D-8526-2011; OI Zhou, Wu/0000-0002-6803-1095; Loh, KianPing/0000-0002-1491-743X; Chen, Zhongxin/0000-0001-6153-5381 FU National Research Foundation of Singapore [R-143-000-610-281]; Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility FX K.P.L. is thankful for the National Research Foundation of Singapore Investigator Award R-143-000-610-281. L.K. thanks the Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS) for the research scholarship. The electron microscopy work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (W.Z.), and through a user project at ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 51 U2 51 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9208 EP 9215 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b05746 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600021 ER PT J AU Jeong, BG Park, YS Chang, JH Cho, I Kim, JK Kim, H Char, K Cho, J Klirnov, VI Park, P Lee, DC Bae, WK AF Jeong, Byeong Guk Park, Young-Shin Chang, Jun Hyuk Cho, Ikjun Kim, Jai Kyeong Kim, Heesuk Char, Kookheon Cho, Jinhan Klirnov, Victor I. Park, Philip Lee, Doh C. Bae, Wan Ki TI Colloidal Spherical Quantum Wells with Near-Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield and Suppressed Blinking SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE spherical quantum well; near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield; coherently strained heterostructure; misfit defect; critical thickness ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; LUMINESCENT SOLAR CONCENTRATORS; CORE-SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; AUGER RECOMBINATION; EPITAXIAL MULTILAYERS; HIGHLY LUMINESCENT; DOTS; CDSE; PERFORMANCE; THICKNESS AB Thick inorganic shells endow colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) with enhanced photochemical stability and suppression of photoluminescence intermittency (also known as blinking). However, the progress of using thick-shell 100 90 heterostructure NCs in applications has been limited due to the low photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY <= 60%) at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate thick-shell NCs with CdS/CdSe/CdS seed/spherical quantum well/shell (SQW) geometry that exhibit near-unity PL QY at room temperature and suppression of blinking. In SQW NCs, the lattice mismatch is diminished between the emissive CdSe layer and the surrounding CdS layers as a result of coherent strain, which suppresses the formation of misfit defects and consequently permits, similar to 100% PL QY for SQW NCs with a thick CdS shell (>5 nm). High PL QY of thick-shell SQW NCs is preserved even in concentrated dispersion and in film under thermal stress, which makes them promising candidates for applications in solid-state concentrators. C1 [Jeong, Byeong Guk; Lee, Doh C.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, KAIST Inst Nanocentury, 291 Daehak Ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea. [Park, Young-Shin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Park, Young-Shin] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Chang, Jun Hyuk; Char, Kookheon] Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Intelligent Hybrids, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea. [Cho, Jinhan] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 145 Anam Ro, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Bae, Wan Ki] Korea Inst Sci & Technol KIST, Photoelect Hybrids Res Ctr, 14 Gil 5 Hwarang Ro, Seoul 02792, South Korea. [Park, Philip] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Lee, DC (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, KAIST Inst Nanocentury, 291 Daehak Ro, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.; Bae, WK (reprint author), Korea Inst Sci & Technol KIST, Photoelect Hybrids Res Ctr, 14 Gil 5 Hwarang Ro, Seoul 02792, South Korea.; Park, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Lee, Doh Chang/C-1835-2011; OI Park, Young-Shin/0000-0003-4204-1305; Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179 FU Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) [2E26530]; Ministry of Trade, Industry Energy (MOTIE) [10051541]; Korea Display Research Consortium (KDRC) support program for the development of future devices technology for display industry; National Research Foundation (NRF) - Korean government [NRF-2014R1A2A2A01006739, NRF-2015R1A2A1A01004354, NRF-2016M3A7B4910618] FX This research was financially supported by Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST, 2E26530), the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, 10051541) and Korea Display Research Consortium (KDRC) support program for the development of future devices technology for display industry. This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) grants funded by the Korean government (NRF-2014R1A2A2A01006739, NRF-2015R1A2A1A01004354, NRF-2016M3A7B4910618). Y.-S.P. and V.I.K. acknowledge the Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9297 EP 9305 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b03704 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600029 ER PT J AU Arguilla, MQ Katoch, J Krymowski, K Cultrara, ND Xu, JS Xi, XX Hanks, A Jiang, S Ross, RD Koch, RJ Ulstrup, S Bostwick, A Jozwiak, C McComb, DW Rotenberg, E Shan, J Windl, W Kawakami, RK Goldberger, JE AF Arguilla, Maxx Q. Katoch, Jyoti Krymowski, Kevin Cultrara, Nicholas D. Xu, Jinsong Xi, Xiaoxiang Hanks, Amanda Jiang, Shishi Ross, Richard D. Koch, Roland J. Ulstrup, Soren Bostwick, Aaron Jozwiak, Chris McComb, David W. Rotenberg, Eli Shan, Jie Windl, Wolfgang Kawakami, Roland K. Goldberger, Joshua E. TI NaSn2As2: An Exfoliatable Layered van der Waals Zintl Phase SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE 2D materials; Zintl phases; layered materials ID TRANSITION-METAL CARBIDES; REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE; ACTIVE EDGE SITES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MOS2 TRANSISTORS; MONOLAYER MOS2; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; DOPED GRAPHENE; FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY AB The discovery of new families of exfoliatable 2D crystals that have diverse sets of electronic, optical, and spin-orbit coupling properties enables the realization of unique physical phenomena in these few-atom-thick building blocks and in proximity to other materials. Herein, using NaSn2As2 as a model system, we demonstrate that layered Zintl phases having the stoichiometry ATt(2)Pn(2) (A = group 1 or 2 element, Tt = group 14 tetrel element, and Pn = group 15 pnictogen element) and feature networks separated by van der Waals gaps can be readily exfoliated with both mechanical and liquid-phase methods. We identified the symmetries of the Raman-active modes of the bulk crystals via polarized Raman spectroscopy. The bulk and mechanically exfoliated NaSn2As2 samples are resistant toward oxidation, with only the top surface oxidizing in ambient conditions over a couple of days, while the liquid-exfoliated samples oxidize much more quickly in ambient conditions. Employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory, and transport on bulk and exfoliated samples, we show that NaSn2As2 is a highly conducting 2D semimetal, with resistivities on the order of 10(-6) Omega.m. Due to peculiarities in the band structure, the dominating p-type carriers at low temperature are nearly compensated by the opening of n-type conduction channels as temperature increases. This work further expands the family of exfoliatable 2D materials to layered van der Waals Zintl phases, opening up opportunities in electronics and spintronics. C1 [Arguilla, Maxx Q.; Cultrara, Nicholas D.; Jiang, Shishi; Ross, Richard D.; Goldberger, Joshua E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Katoch, Jyoti; Xu, Jinsong; Kawakami, Roland K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Krymowski, Kevin; Hanks, Amanda; McComb, David W.; Windl, Wolfgang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Xi, Xiaoxiang; Shan, Jie] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Koch, Roland J.; Ulstrup, Soren; Bostwick, Aaron; Jozwiak, Chris; Rotenberg, Eli] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goldberger, JE (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM goldberger@chemistry.ohio-state.edu RI Goldberger, Joshua/F-5484-2011; Ulstrup, Soren/B-9190-2017 OI Goldberger, Joshua/0000-0003-4284-604X; Ulstrup, Soren/0000-0001-5922-4488 FU Center for Emergent Materials: an NSF MRSEC [DMR-1420451]; NSF [EFRI-1433467]; Postdoc Program of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); Danish Council for Independent Research [4090-00125]; Ohio Supercomputer Center [PAS0072]; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Center for Emergent Materials: an NSF MRSEC under award number DMR-1420451. Partial funding for this research was provided by NSF EFRI-1433467. R.J.K. was supported by a fellowship within the Postdoc Program of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). S.U. acknowledges financial support from the Danish Council for Independent Research (Grant No. 4090-00125). K.K. and W.W. thank the Ohio Supercomputer Center for support under Project No. PAS0072. J.E.G. acknowledges the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation for partial support. We acknowledge the Analytical Spectroscopy Laboratory and the Surface Analysis Laboratory (NSF DMR-0114098) of The Ohio State University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and The Ohio State University Nanosystems Laboratory (NSL) and Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 86 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 25 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9500 EP 9508 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b04609 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600050 ER PT J AU Li, J He, K Meng, QP Li, X Zhu, YZ Hwang, S Sun, K Gan, H Zhu, YM Mo, YF Stach, EA Su, D AF Li, Jing He, Kai Meng, Qingping Li, Xin Zhu, Yizhou Hwang, Sooyeon Sun, Ke Gan, Hong Zhu, Yimei Mo, Yifei Stach, Eric A. Su, Dong TI Kinetic Phase Evolution of Spinel Cobalt Oxide during Lithiation SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE Co3O4 nanoparticles; lithium-ion battery; in situ TEM ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; IN-SITU OBSERVATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIATION; REVERSIBLE CAPACITY; NEGATIVE ELECTRODES; RATE CAPABILITY; ANODE MATERIAL; SNO2 NANOWIRE; CO3O4 AB Spinel cobalt oxide has been proposed to undergo a multiple-step reaction during the electrochemical lithiation process. Understanding the kinetics of the lithiation process in this compound is crucial to optimize its performance and cyclability. In this work, we have utilized a low-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy method to visualize the dynamic reaction process in real time and study the reaction kinetics at different rates. We show that the particles undergo a two-step reaction at the single-particle level, which includes an initial intercalation reaction followed by a conversion reaction. At low rates, the conversion reaction starts after the intercalation reaction has fully finished, consistent with the prediction of density functional theoretical calculations. At high rates, the intercalation reaction is overwhelmed by the subsequently nucleated conversion reaction, and the reaction speeds of both the intercalation and conversion reactions are increased. Phase-field simulations show the crucial role of surface diffusion rates of lithium ions in controlling this process. This work provides microscopic insights into the reaction dynamics in non-equilibrium conditions and highlights the effect of lithium diffusion rates on the overall reaction homogeneity as well as the performance. C1 [Li, Jing; He, Kai; Meng, Qingping; Hwang, Sooyeon; Sun, Ke; Gan, Hong; Zhu, Yimei; Stach, Eric A.; Su, Dong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Li, Jing] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11720 USA. [Li, Xin] Harvard Univ, John A Paulson Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zhu, Yizhou; Mo, Yifei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [He, Kai] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [He, Kai] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [He, Kai] Northwestern Univ, NUANCE Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Su, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dsu@bnl.gov RI Su, Dong/A-8233-2013; Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Mo, Yifei/F-5671-2011 OI Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683; Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Mo, Yifei/0000-0002-8162-4629 FU Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory,; U.S. Department Of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Science [DE- SC0012704]; DOE/BES, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-SC0012704]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012673]; Minta Martin award at University of Maryland; National Science Foundation [TG-DMR130142] FX This work is supported by the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department Of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Science, under Contract No. DE- SC0012704. Q.M. and Yimei Z. were supported by DOE/BES, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. J.L., H.G., and E.A.S. had additional support for data compilation and analysis as part off the Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties, an Energy Frontier Research Center supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, under Award #DE-SC0012673. Yizhou Z. and Y.M. acknowledge the support of the Minta Martin award at University of Maryland, and the computational resources from Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. TG-DMR130142 and from University of Maryland supercomputing resources. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 32 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 9577 EP 9585 DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b04958 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EA2LK UT WOS:000386423600059 ER PT J AU Goetz, KP Tsutsumi, J Pookpanratana, S Chen, JH Corbin, NS Behera, RK Coropceanu, V Richter, CA Hacker, CA Hasegawa, T Jurchescu, OD AF Goetz, Katelyn P. Tsutsumi, Jun'ya Pookpanratana, Sujitra Chen, Jihua Corbin, Nathan S. Behera, Rakesh K. Coropceanu, Veaceslav Richter, Curt A. Hacker, Christina A. Hasegawa, Tatsuo Jurchescu, Oana D. TI Polymorphism in the 1:1 Charge-Transfer Complex DBTTF-TCNQ and Its Effects on Optical and Electronic Properties SO ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE charge-transfer complexes; organic semiconductors; polymorphism; single crystals ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS; TRANSFER CRYSTALS; BEDT-TTF; TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS; MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BAND-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; CO-CRYSTAL AB The organic charge-transfer complex dibenzotetrathiafulvalene-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane is found to crystallize in two polymorphs when grown by physical vapor transport: the known -polymorph and a new structure, the -polymorph. Structural and elemental analysis via selected area electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and polarized IR spectroscopy reveal that the complexes have the same stoichiometry with a 1:1 donor: acceptor ratio, but exhibit unique unit cells. The structural variations result in significant differences in the optoelectronic properties of the crystals, as observed in the experiments and electronic-structure calculations. Raman spectroscopy shows that the -polymorph has a degree of charge transfer of about 0.5e, while the -polymorph is nearly neutral. Organic field-effect transistors fabricated on these crystals reveal that in the same device structure both polymorphs show ambipolar charge transport, but the -polymorph exhibits electron-dominant transport while the -polymorph is hole-dominant. Together, these measurements imply that the transport features result from differing donor-acceptor overlap and consequential varying in frontier molecular orbital mixing, as suggested theoretically for charge-transfer complexes. C1 [Goetz, Katelyn P.; Jurchescu, Oana D.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Tsutsumi, Jun'ya; Hasegawa, Tatsuo] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Flexible Elect Res Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan. [Pookpanratana, Sujitra; Richter, Curt A.; Hacker, Christina A.] NIST, Div Engn Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Chen, Jihua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 38831 USA. [Corbin, Nathan S.; Behera, Rakesh K.; Coropceanu, Veaceslav] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Corbin, Nathan S.; Behera, Rakesh K.; Coropceanu, Veaceslav] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Hasegawa, Tatsuo] Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. RP Jurchescu, OD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM jurchescu@wfu.edu RI Tsutsumi, Jun'ya/O-6490-2016 OI Tsutsumi, Jun'ya/0000-0002-0910-1188 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1105147, ECCS-1254757]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-13-1-0387]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) [DGE-0907738]; NSF Graduate Research Opportunities Worldwide (GROW) [DGE-0907738] FX The authors acknowledge Dr. Rachel Williamson of the Australian Synchrotron in her efforts to discern the structure for the beta-DBTTF-TCNQ. The authors would also like to thank Prof. Alejandro Briseno and Dr. Marcos Reyes-Martinez at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst for their advice and training in preparing the parylene deposition system. This research was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under grants DMR-1105147 and ECCS-1254757 and by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and U.S. Army Research Office under contract/grant number W911NF-13-1-0387. KPG acknowledges the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) and Graduate Research Opportunities Worldwide (GROW) under grant DGE-0907738. TEM (J.C.) experiments were conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2199-160X J9 ADV ELECTRON MATER JI Adv. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 2 IS 10 AR 1600203 DI 10.1002/aelm.201600203 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA EA4YW UT WOS:000386624100005 ER PT J AU Bricault, C Yusim, K Giorgi, E Wagh, K Kovacs, J Shields, J Lavine, C Ghantous, F Rist, M Bayne, M Neubauer, G Jones, J Zeng, J Ochsenbauer, C Nkolola, J Stephenson, K Chen, B Seaman, M Korber, B Barouch, D AF Bricault, Christine Yusim, Karina Giorgi, Elena Wagh, Kshitij Kovacs, James Shields, Jennifer Lavine, Christy Ghantous, Fadi Rist, Michael Bayne, Madeleine Neubauer, George Jones, Jennifer Zeng, Jie Ochsenbauer, Christina Nkolola, Joseph Stephenson, Kathryn Chen, Bing Seaman, Michael Korber, Bette Barouch, Dan TI Antibody Signature-based Design of HIV-1 Env gp140 Expands Tier 2 Neutralizing Antibody Breadth in Guinea Pigs SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Bricault, Christine; Shields, Jennifer; Lavine, Christy; Ghantous, Fadi; Rist, Michael; Bayne, Madeleine; Neubauer, George; Nkolola, Joseph; Stephenson, Kathryn; Seaman, Michael; Barouch, Dan] Harvard Med Sch, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Yusim, Karina; Giorgi, Elena; Wagh, Kshitij; Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Yusim, Karina; Giorgi, Elena; Wagh, Kshitij; Korber, Bette] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Kovacs, James; Chen, Bing] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Kovacs, James; Chen, Bing] Childrens Hosp, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Jones, Jennifer; Zeng, Jie; Ochsenbauer, Christina] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. Ragon Inst MGH MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA OA14.06LB BP 77 EP 77 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600133 ER PT J AU Smith, CEP Eudailey, J Kumar, A Stamper, L Giorgi, E Fouda, G Mcguire, E Gao, F Permar, S AF Smith, Claire E. P. Eudailey, Josh Kumar, Amit Stamper, Lisa Giorgi, Elena Fouda, Genevieve Mcguire, Erin Gao, Feng Permar, Sallie TI Infant Peripartum Transmitted-founder HIV-1 Variants are Resistant to Autologous Maternal Plasma Neutralization SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Smith, Claire E. P.; Eudailey, Josh; Kumar, Amit; Stamper, Lisa; Fouda, Genevieve; Mcguire, Erin; Gao, Feng; Permar, Sallie] Duke Human Vaccine Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Giorgi, Elena] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA OA18.02 BP 87 EP 87 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600153 ER PT J AU Montefiori, D Seaman, M Korber, B Wagh, K Morris, L Zolla-Pazner, S Lu, S Corey, L Scarlatti, G D'Souza, P AF Montefiori, David Seaman, Michael Korber, Bette Wagh, Kshitij Morris, Lynn Zolla-Pazner, Susan Lu, Shan Corey, Larry Scarlatti, Gabriella D'Souza, Patricia TI Tier 1 Strains of HIV-1: Time to Break an Old Habit? SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Montefiori, David] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Seaman, Michael] Harvard, Beth Isreal Deaconess Med Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. [Korber, Bette; Wagh, Kshitij] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Korber, Bette; Wagh, Kshitij] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Morris, Lynn] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Zolla-Pazner, Susan] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Lu, Shan] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Corey, Larry] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1124 Columbia St, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Scarlatti, Gabriella] Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, New York, NY USA. [D'Souza, Patricia] NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA P01.33LB BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600262 ER PT J AU Rademeyer, C Korber, B Seaman, MS Giorgi, EE Thebus, R Robles, A Sheward, DJ Wagh, K Garrity, J Carey, BR Gao, HM Tang, HL Bandawe, GP Hraber, P Tumba, N Moore, PL Morris, L Montefiori, DC Williamson, C AF Rademeyer, Cecilia Korber, Bette Seaman, Michael S. Giorgi, Elena E. Thebus, Ruwayhida Robles, Alexander Sheward, Daniel J. Wagh, Kshitij Garrity, Jetta Carey, Brittany R. Gao, Hongmei Tang, Haili Bandawe, Gama P. Hraber, Peter Tumba, Nancy Moore, Penny L. Morris, Lynn Montefiori, David C. Williamson, Carolyn TI Features of Recently Transmitted HIV-1 Clade C Viruses That Impact Antibody Recognition: Implications for Active and Passive Immunization SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Rademeyer, Cecilia; Thebus, Ruwayhida; Sheward, Daniel J.; Bandawe, Gama P.; Williamson, Carolyn] Univ Cape Town, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Korber, Bette; Wagh, Kshitij; Hraber, Peter] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Korber, Bette; Wagh, Kshitij; Hraber, Peter] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Seaman, Michael S.; Giorgi, Elena E.; Robles, Alexander; Garrity, Jetta; Carey, Brittany R.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Gao, Hongmei; Tang, Haili; Montefiori, David C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Tumba, Nancy; Moore, Penny L.; Morris, Lynn] NICD, NHLS, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Tumba, Nancy; Moore, Penny L.; Morris, Lynn] Univ Witwatersrand, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA P12.06 BP 261 EP 261 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600480 ER PT J AU Korber, B Yoon, H Theiler, J Yusim, K Wagh, K Hraber, P Bricualt, C Barouch, D Montefiori, D Seaman, M AF Korber, Bette Yoon, Heyjin Theiler, James Yusim, Karina Wagh, Kshitij Hraber, Peter Bricualt, Christine Barouch, Dan Montefiori, David Seaman, Michael TI HIV Neutralizing Antibody Sensitivity/Resistance Signatures and Applications SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Korber, Bette; Yoon, Heyjin; Theiler, James; Yusim, Karina; Wagh, Kshitij; Hraber, Peter] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Bricualt, Christine; Barouch, Dan; Seaman, Michael] Harvard Med Sch, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Montefiori, David] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA P17.13LB BP 304 EP 304 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600562 ER PT J AU Ondondo, B Murakoshi, H Clutton, G Abdul-Jawad, S Wee, E Gatanaga, H Oka, S McMichael, A Takiguchi, M Korber, B Hanke, T AF Ondondo, Beatrice Murakoshi, Hayato Clutton, Genevieve Abdul-Jawad, Sultan Wee, Edmund Gatanaga, Hiroyuki Oka, Shinichi McMichael, Andrew Takiguchi, Masafumi Korber, Bette Hanke, Tomas TI Novel Conserved-region T-cell Mosaic Vaccine with High Global HIV-1 Coverage Is Recognized by Protective Responses in Untreated Infection SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Ondondo, Beatrice; Clutton, Genevieve; Abdul-Jawad, Sultan; Wee, Edmund; McMichael, Andrew; Hanke, Tomas] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Murakoshi, Hayato; Gatanaga, Hiroyuki; Oka, Shinichi; Takiguchi, Masafumi; Hanke, Tomas] Kumamoto Univ, Kumamoto 860, Japan. [Gatanaga, Hiroyuki; Oka, Shinichi] AIDS Res Ctr, Kumamoto, Japan. [Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Korber, Bette] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA P19.03 BP 323 EP 323 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600599 ER PT J AU Wagh, K Barouch, D Burton, D Nussenzweig, M Ho, D Montefiori, D Seaman, M Korber, B AF Wagh, Kshitij Barouch, Dan Burton, Dennis Nussenzweig, Michel Ho, David Montefiori, David Seaman, Michael Korber, Bette TI Antibodies for Prevention of Subtype A, C & D HIV-1 Infection SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Conference on HIV Research for Prevention (HIV R4P) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Chicago, IL C1 [Wagh, Kshitij; Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys T6, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Barouch, Dan; Seaman, Michael] Harvard Med Sch, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Ctr Virol & Vaccine Res, Boston, MA USA. [Burton, Dennis] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Nussenzweig, Michel] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Mol Immunol, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Ho, David] Rockefeller Univ, Aaron Diamond AIDS Res Ctr, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Montefiori, David] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 32 SU 1 MA P20.01LB BP 350 EP 350 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EA6YH UT WOS:000386774600651 ER PT J AU Leistedt, B Peiris, HV Elsner, F Benoit-Levy, A Amara, A Bauer, AH Becker, MR Bonnett, C Bruderer, C Busha, MT Kind, MC Chang, C Crocce, M da Costa, LN Gaztanaga, E Huff, EM Lahav, O Palmese, A Percival, WJ Refregier, A Ross, AJ Rozo, E Rykoff, ES Sanchez, C Sadeh, I Sevilla-Noarbe, I Sobreira, F Suchyta, E Swanson, MEC Wechsler, RH Abdalla, FB Allam, S Banerji, M Bernstein, GM Bernstein, RA Bertin, E Bridle, SL Brooks, D Buckley-Geer, E Burke, DL Capozzi, D Rosell, AC Carretero, J Cunha, CE D'Andrea, CB DePoy, DL Desai, S Diehl, HT Doel, P Eifler, TF Evrard, AE Neto, AF Flaugher, B Fosalba, P Frieman, J Gerdes, DW Gruen, D Gruendl, RA Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K James, DJ Jarvis, M Kent, S Kuehn, K Kuropatkin, N Li, TS Lima, M Maia, MAG March, M Marshall, JL Martini, P Melchior, P Miller, CJ Miquel, R Nichol, RC Nord, B Ogando, R Plazas, AA Reil, K Romer, AK Roodman, A Sanchez, E Santiago, B Scarpine, V Schubnell, M Smith, RC Soares-Santos, M Tarle, G Thaler, J Thomas, D Vikram, V Walker, AR Wester, W Zhang, Y Zuntz, J AF Leistedt, B. Peiris, H. V. Elsner, F. Benoit-Levy, A. Amara, A. Bauer, A. H. Becker, M. R. Bonnett, C. Bruderer, C. Busha, M. T. Kind, M. Carrasco Chang, C. Crocce, M. da Costa, L. N. Gaztanaga, E. Huff, E. M. Lahav, O. Palmese, A. Percival, W. J. Refregier, A. Ross, A. J. Rozo, E. Rykoff, E. S. Sanchez, C. Sadeh, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Sobreira, F. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M. E. C. Wechsler, R. H. Abdalla, F. B. Allam, S. Banerji, M. Bernstein, G. M. Bernstein, R. A. Bertin, E. Bridle, S. L. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D. L. Capozzi, D. Carnero Rosell, A. Carretero, J. Cunha, C. E. D'Andrea, C. B. DePoy, D. L. Desai, S. Diehl, H. T. Doel, P. Eifler, T. F. Evrard, A. E. Fausti Neto, A. Flaugher, B. Fosalba, P. Frieman, J. Gerdes, D. W. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R. A. Gutierrez, G. Honscheid, K. James, D. J. Jarvis, M. Kent, S. Kuehn, K. Kuropatkin, N. Li, T. S. Lima, M. Maia, M. A. G. March, M. Marshall, J. L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Miller, C. J. Miquel, R. Nichol, R. C. Nord, B. Ogando, R. Plazas, A. A. Reil, K. Romer, A. K. Roodman, A. Sanchez, E. Santiago, B. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Smith, R. C. Soares-Santos, M. Tarle, G. Thaler, J. Thomas, D. Vikram, V. Walker, A. R. Wester, W. Zhang, Y. Zuntz, J. TI MAPPING AND SIMULATING SYSTEMATICS DUE TO SPATIALLY VARYING OBSERVING CONDITIONS IN DES SCIENCE VERIFICATION DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: statistics; large-scale structure of universe ID DARK ENERGY SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT PDFS; GALAXY POWER SPECTRUM; COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; ANGULAR MASKS; SDSS-III; INFORMATION; UNCERTAINTIES; SEXTRACTOR AB Spatially varying depth and the characteristics of observing conditions, such as seeing, airmass, or sky background, are major sources of systematic uncertainties in modern galaxy survey analyses, particularly in deep multi-epoch surveys. We present a framework to extract and project these sources of systematics onto the sky, and apply it to the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to map the observing conditions of the Science Verification (SV) data. The resulting distributions and maps of sources of systematics are used in several analyses of DES-SV to perform detailed null tests with the data, and also to incorporate systematics in survey simulations. We illustrate the complementary nature of these two approaches by comparing the SV data with BCC-UFig, a synthetic sky catalog generated by forward-modeling of the DES-SV images. We analyze the BCC-UFig simulation to construct galaxy samples mimicking those used in SV galaxy clustering studies. We show that the spatially varying survey depth imprinted in the observed galaxy densities and the redshift distributions of the SV data are successfully reproduced by the simulation and are well-captured by the maps of observing conditions. The combined use of the maps, the SV data, and the BCC-UFig simulation allows us to quantify the impact of spatial systematics on N(z), the redshift distributions inferred using photometric redshifts. We conclude that spatial systematics in the SV data are mainly due to seeing fluctuations and are under control in current clustering and weak-lensing analyses. However, they will need to be carefully characterized in upcoming phases of DES in order to avoid biasing the inferred cosmological results. The framework presented here is relevant to all multi-epoch surveys and will be essential for exploiting future surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which will require detailed null tests and realistic end-to-end image simulations to correctly interpret the deep, high-cadence observations of the sky. C1 [Leistedt, B.; Peiris, H. V.; Elsner, F.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Lahav, O.; Palmese, A.; Sadeh, I.; Abdalla, F. B.; Brooks, D.; Doel, P.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Amara, A.; Bruderer, C.; Chang, C.; Refregier, A.] ETH, Dept Phys, Wolfgang Pauli Str 16, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bauer, A. H.; Crocce, M.; Gaztanaga, E.; Carretero, J.; Fosalba, P.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Becker, M. R.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Becker, M. R.; Busha, M. T.; Rykoff, E. S.; Wechsler, R. H.; Burke, D. L.; Cunha, C. E.; Roodman, A.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, POB 2450, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bonnett, C.; Sanchez, C.; Carretero, J.; Miquel, R.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Busha, M. T.; Rykoff, E. S.; Wechsler, R. H.; Burke, D. L.; Reil, K.; Roodman, A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kind, M. Carrasco; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Gruendl, R. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kind, M. Carrasco; Swanson, M. E. C.; Gruendl, R. A.] Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [da Costa, L. N.; Sobreira, F.; Carnero Rosell, A.; Fausti Neto, A.; Lima, M.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.; Santiago, B.] Lab Interinst & Astron LIneA, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [da Costa, L. N.; Carnero Rosell, A.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.] Observ Nacl, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Huff, E. M.; Ross, A. J.; Suchyta, E.; Honscheid, K.; Martini, P.; Melchior, P.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Huff, E. M.; Suchyta, E.; Honscheid, K.; Melchior, P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Percival, W. J.; Capozzi, D.; D'Andrea, C. B.; Nichol, R. C.; Thomas, D.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Rozo, E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sevilla-Noarbe, I.; Sanchez, E.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Sobreira, F.; Allam, S.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Diehl, H. T.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, J.; Gutierrez, G.; Kent, S.; Kuropatkin, N.; Nord, B.; Scarpine, V.; Soares-Santos, M.; Wester, W.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Abdalla, F. B.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Banerji, M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Banerji, M.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Bernstein, G. M.; Eifler, T. F.; Jarvis, M.; March, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bernstein, R. A.] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Bertin, E.] CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Bertin, E.] Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, Sorbonne Univ, F-75014 Paris, France. [Bridle, S. L.; Zuntz, J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [DePoy, D. L.; Li, T. S.; Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [DePoy, D. L.; Li, T. S.; Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Desai, S.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Desai, S.] Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Eifler, T. F.; Plazas, A. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Evrard, A. E.; Miller, C. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Evrard, A. E.; Gerdes, D. W.; Miller, C. J.; Schubnell, M.; Tarle, G.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Frieman, J.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gruen, D.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gruen, D.] Univ Munich, Univ Sternwarte, Fak Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [James, D. J.; Smith, R. C.; Walker, A. R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Kuehn, K.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Lima, M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Matema, CP 66318, BR-05314970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Martini, P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Miquel, R.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Romer, A. K.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Pevensey Bldg, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Santiago, B.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 15051, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Thaler, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vikram, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Leistedt, B (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. RI Lima, Marcos/E-8378-2010; Gaztanaga, Enrique/L-4894-2014; Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; OI Gaztanaga, Enrique/0000-0001-9632-0815; Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345; Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658 FU MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [240672, 291329, 306478]; STFC; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC [306478]; National Science Foundation [PHYS-1066293, AST-1138766]; Swiss National Foundation [200021-149442, 200021-143906]; CAPES [3171-13-2]; FAPESP; CNPq; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; DES FX B.L., H.V.P., and F.E. are supported by STFC and the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. 306478-CosmicDawn. This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant No. PHYS-1066293 and the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics. C.C., A.R., A.A., and C.B. are supported by in part the Swiss National Foundation grants 200021-149442 and 200021-143906. F.S. acknowledges financial support provided by CAPES under contract No. 3171-13-2. M.L. is partially supported by FAPESP and CNPq. We acknowledge use of the HEALPix software package (Gorski et al. 2005).; Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de A mparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the DES. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766.; The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 226 IS 2 AR 24 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/226/2/24 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA3HJ UT WOS:000386492400004 ER PT J AU Huang, JH Harris, JF Nath, P Iyer, R AF Huang, Jen-Huang Harris, Jennifer F. Nath, Pulak Iyer, Rashi TI Hollow fiber integrated microfluidic platforms for in vitro Co-culture of multiple cell types SO BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES LA English DT Article DE Co-culture; Microfluidic device; Hollow fiber; Tissue engineering; Cell seeding ID TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS; CULTURE; MEMBRANES; VASCULARIZATION; BIOREACTORS; TRANSPORT; ORGANS; CHIP AB This study demonstrates a rapid prototyping approach for fabricating and integrating porous hollow fibers (HFs) into microfluidic device. Integration of HF can enhance mass transfer and recapitulate tubular shapes for tissue-engineered environments. We demonstrate the integration of single or multiple HFs, which can give the users the flexibility to control the total surface area for tissue development. We also present three microfluidic designs to enable different co-culture conditions such as the ability to co-culture multiple cell types simultaneously on a flat and tubular surface, or inside the lumen of multiple HFs. Additionally, we introduce a pressurized cell seeding process that can allow the cells to uniformly adhere on the inner surface of HFs without losing their viabilities. Co-cultures of lung epithelial cells and microvascular endothelial cells were demonstrated on the different platforms for at least five days. Overall, these platforms provide new opportunities for co-culturing of multiple cell types in a single device to reconstruct native tissue micro-environment for biomedical and tissue engineering research. C1 [Huang, Jen-Huang; Harris, Jennifer F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nath, Pulak] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Analyt Intelligence & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Iyer, Rashi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nath, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Analyt Intelligence & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Iyer, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pulakn@lanl.gov; rashi@lanl.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [CBMXCEL-XL1-2-0001, 100271 A5196]; Integration of Novel Technologies for Organ Development; Rapid Assessment of Medical Countermeasures (INTO-RAM) FX The authors acknowledge Andrew M. Goumas and Jonathan W. Thoma for cell preparation. This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) interagency agreement CBMXCEL-XL1-2-0001, 100271 A5196, Integration of Novel Technologies for Organ Development and Rapid Assessment of Medical Countermeasures (INTO-RAM). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-2176 EI 1572-8781 J9 BIOMED MICRODEVICES JI Biomed. Microdevices PD OCT PY 2016 VL 18 IS 5 AR 88 DI 10.1007/s10544-016-0102-y PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EA4CH UT WOS:000386555500014 PM 27613401 ER PT J AU Baer, ZC Bormann, S Sreekumar, S Grippo, A Toste, FD Blanch, HW Clark, DS AF Baer, Zachary C. Bormann, Sebastian Sreekumar, Sanil Grippo, Adam Toste, F. Dean Blanch, Harvey W. Clark, Douglas S. TI Co-Production of Acetone and Ethanol With Molar Ratio Control Enables Production of Improved Gasoline or Jet Fuel Blends SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE metabolic engineering; fermentation; biofuels; catalytic alkylation ID CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; PATHWAY; FERMENTATION; BIOFUEL; ACID AB The fermentation of simple sugars to ethanol has been the most successful biofuel process to displace fossil fuel consumption worldwide thus far. However, the physical properties of ethanol and automotive components limit its application in most cases to 10-15 vol% blends with conventional gasoline. Fermentative co-production of ethanol and acetone coupled with a catalytic alkylation reaction could enable the production of gasoline blendstocks enriched in higher-chain oxygenates. Here we demonstrate a synthetic pathway for the production of acetone through the mevalonate precursor hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA. Expression of this pathway in various strains of Escherichia coli resulted in the co-production of acetone and ethanol. Metabolic engineering and control of the environmental conditions for microbial growth resulted in controllable acetone and ethanol production with ethanol: acetone molar ratios ranging from 0.7: 1 to 10.0: 1. Specifically, use of gluconic acid as a substrate increased production of acetone and balanced the redox state of the system, predictively reducing the molar ethanol: acetone ratio. Increases in ethanol production and the molar ethanol: acetone ratio were achieved by co-expression of the aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE) from E. coli MG1655 and by co-expression of pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhB) from Z. mobilis. Controlling the fermentation aeration rate and pH in a bioreactor raised the acetone titer to 5.1 g L-1, similar to that obtained with wild-type Clostridium acetobutylicum. Optimizing the metabolic pathway, the selection of host strain, and the physiological conditions employed for host growth together improved acetone titers over 35-fold (0.14-5.1 g/L). Finally, chemical catalysis was used to upgrade the co-produced ethanol and acetone at both low and high molar ratios to higher-chain oxygenates for gasoline and jet fuel applications. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Baer, Zachary C.; Bormann, Sebastian; Sreekumar, Sanil; Grippo, Adam; Toste, F. Dean; Blanch, Harvey W.; Clark, Douglas S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy Biosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baer, Zachary C.; Blanch, Harvey W.; Clark, Douglas S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sreekumar, Sanil; Toste, F. Dean] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Toste, F. Dean] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Toste, FD; Blanch, HW; Clark, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy Biosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Blanch, HW; Clark, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Toste, FD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Toste, FD (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fdtoste@berkeley.edu; blanch@berkeley.edu; clark@berkeley.edu FU Energy Biosciences Institute; DAAD FX Contract grant sponsor: Energy Biosciences Institute; Contract grant sponsor: DAAD NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 EI 1097-0290 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 113 IS 10 BP 2079 EP 2087 DI 10.1002/bit.25978 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EA6QJ UT WOS:000386753600001 PM 26987294 ER PT J AU Rezaei, H Yazdanpanah, F Lim, CJ Lau, A Sokhansanj, S AF Rezaei, Hamid Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh Lim, C. Jim Lau, Anthony Sokhansanj, Shahab TI Pyrolysis of ground pine chip and ground pellet particles SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE drying; pyrolysis; particle size; chip; pellet ID HEATING RATE; THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS; DRYING KINETICS; BIO-OIL; AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES; BIOMASS PARTICLE; RICE STRAW; SIZE; TEMPERATURE; WOOD AB In addition to particle size, biomass density influences heat and mass transfer rates during the thermal treatment processes. In this research, thermal behaviour of ground pine chip particles and ground pine pellet particles in the range of 0.25-5mm was investigated. A single particle from ground pellets was almost 3 to 4 times denser than a single particle from ground chips at a similar size and volume of particle. Temperature was ramped up from room temperature (approximate to 25 degrees C) to 600 degrees C with heating rates of 10, 20, 30, and 50 degrees C/min. Pellet particles took 25-88% longer time to dry than the chip particles. Microscopic examination of 3mm and larger chip particles showed cracks during drying. No cracks were observed for pellet particles. The mass loss due to treatment at temperatures higher than 200 degrees C was about 80% both for chip and pellet particles. It took 4min for chip and pellet particles to lose roughly 63% of their dry mass at a heating rate of 50 degrees C/min. The SEM structural analysis showed enlarged pores and cracks in cell walls of the pyrolyzed wood chips. These pores were not observed in pyrolyzed pellet particles. C1 [Rezaei, Hamid; Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh; Lim, C. Jim; Lau, Anthony; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Sokhansanj, S (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Sokhansanj, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM shahab.sokhansanj@ubc.ca FU Biofuel Network Canada FX Funding of the present study from Biofuel Network Canada is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge the Ontario Power Generation (OPG) of Canada for providing the information on particle size distribution of pulverized pellet particles. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-4034 EI 1939-019X J9 CAN J CHEM ENG JI Can. J. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 94 IS 10 BP 1863 EP 1871 DI 10.1002/cjce.22574 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA DW5QU UT WOS:000383702300006 ER PT J AU Smith, JB Turner, KL Beasley, JC DeVault, TL Pitt, WC Rhodes, OE AF Smith, Joshua B. Turner, Kelsey L. Beasley, James C. DeVault, Travis L. Pitt, William C. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. TI Brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) population density and carcass locations following exposure to acetaminophen SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetaminophen; Carcass location; Brown tree snake; Indirect toxicant transfer; Scavenging ID RESOURCE PULSES; GUAM; ISLAND; TREESNAKES; CARRION; DECOMPOSITION; SCAVENGERS; REPTILIA; EFFICACY; IMPACTS AB Mass aerial delivery of dead mouse baits treated with acetaminophen has been evaluated as a means to reduce brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) populations over large areas, increasing the likelihood of wide-scale eradication on Guam. Given the high density of snakes in some areas of their invasive range, eradication efforts could result in a resource pulse that may influence food web dynamics and the indirect transport of acetaminophen among trophic levels. We evaluated abundance, habitat type, and snake size (i.e., age) within two study sites on Guam, a secondary limestone forest (upland) and an abandoned coconut plantation (coastal), to determine how experimentally dosing snakes with acetaminophen is likely to influence carrion availability. We found snakes trapped in 3.24 ha plots occurred in greater abundance (population size = 72.5 snakes; SE = 8.8) and were significantly larger (978.6 mm, SE = 14.9) in the coastal than in the upland site (population size = 26.9, SE = 21.5; length = 903.0 mm, SE = 15.9). Despite these differences, carcasses of snakes that died after consuming acetaminophen-laced mice (80 mg) were recovered in consistent locations between sites, with 92 % located on the ground, 4 % in trees, and 4 % found in rock cavities at both sites. Given that most snakes were found on the ground rather than in the tree canopy, our results suggest that many poisoned snake carcasses will be accessible to a wide range of potential scavengers, possibly influencing food web dynamics and potentially contributing to indirect toxicant transfer within affected ecosystems. C1 [Smith, Joshua B.; Turner, Kelsey L.; Beasley, James C.; Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Turner, Kelsey L.; Beasley, James C.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [DeVault, Travis L.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH USA. [Pitt, William C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Smith, JB (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM jsmith77@uga.edu FU University of Georgia Research Foundation; United Stated Department of the Navy via the United States Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Research Center [14-7439-1099-CA]; United States Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX We thank M. Hall, S. Mosher, D. Lujan, and the staff at the United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Service Andersen Air Force Base, Guam for logistical support and capture assistance. This work was supported through Cooperative Agreements between the University of Georgia Research Foundation and the United Stated Department of the Navy via the United States Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Research Center (No. 14-7439-1099-CA) and the United States Department of Energy (No. DE-FC09-07SR22506). NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 EI 1573-3017 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1556 EP 1562 DI 10.1007/s10646-016-1711-1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA EA6BU UT WOS:000386710800010 PM 27604786 ER PT J AU Gardner, WP Hokr, M Shao, H Balvin, A Kunz, H Wang, YF AF Gardner, W. Payton Hokr, Milan Shao, Hua Balvin, Ales Kunz, Herbert Wang, Yifeng TI Investigating the age distribution of fracture discharge using multiple environmental tracers, Bedrichov Tunnel, Czech Republic SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Environmental isotopes; Hydrogeology; Isotope geochemistry; Surface water; DECOVALEX ID POROUS-MEDIA; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; PARALLEL FRACTURES; FISSURED ROCKS; MASS-TRANSFER; GROUNDWATER; WATER; DIFFUSION; BEHAVIOR; MATRIX AB The transit time distribution (TTD) of discharge collected from fractures in the Bedrichov Tunnel, Czech Republic, is investigated using lumped parameter models and multiple environmental tracers. We utilize time series of delta O-18, delta H-2 and H-3 along with CFC measurements from individual fractures in the Bedrichov Tunnel of the Czech Republic to investigate the TTD, and the uncertainty in estimated mean travel time in several fracture networks of varying length and discharge. We compare several TTDs, including the dispersion distribution, the exponential distribution, and a developed TTD which includes the effects of matrix diffusion. The effect of seasonal recharge is explored by comparing several seasonal weighting functions to derive the historical recharge concentration. We identify best fit mean ages for each TTD by minimizing the error-weighted, multi-tracer chi(2) residual for each seasonal weighting function. We use this methodology to test the ability of each TTD and seasonal input function to fit the observed tracer concentrations, and the effect of choosing different TTD and seasonal recharge functions on the mean age estimation. We find that the estimated mean transit time is a function of both the assumed TTD and seasonal weighting function. Best fits as measured by the chi(2) value were achieved for the dispersion model using the seasonal input function developed here for two of the three modeled sites, while at the third site, equally good fits were achieved with the exponential model and the dispersion model and our seasonal input function. The average mean transit time for all TTDs and seasonal input functions converged to similar values at each location. The sensitivity of the estimated mean transit time to the seasonal weighting function was equal to that of the TTD. These results indicated that understanding seasonality of recharge is at least as important as the uncertainty in the flow path distribution in fracture networks and that unique identification of the TTD and mean transit time is difficult given the uncertainty in the recharge function. However, the mean transit time appears to be relatively robust to the structural model uncertainty. The results presented here should be applicable to other studies using environmental tracers to constrain flow and transport properties in fractured rock systems. C1 [Gardner, W. Payton] Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, 32 Campus Dr 1296, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Hokr, Milan; Balvin, Ales] Tech Univ Liberec, Studentska 2, Liberec 46117, Czech Republic. [Shao, Hua; Kunz, Herbert] Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany. [Wang, Yifeng] Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Gardner, WP (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, 32 Campus Dr 1296, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM payton.gardner@umontana.edu FU Radioactive Waste Repository Authority of the Czech Republic (SURAO) [SO2013-077]; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (MSMT) [LO1201]; BMWi (Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Energie, Berlin); DOE-Used Fuel Disposition campaign; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The work described in this paper was conducted within the context of the international DECOVALEX 2015 Project. The authors are grateful to the funding organizations who supported the work. The views expressed in the paper are, however, those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the funding organizations. Technical University of Liberec (TUL) has been supported by the Radioactive Waste Repository Authority of the Czech Republic (SURAO), under contract No. SO2013-077. The results of the TUL authors were also obtained through the financial support of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (MSMT) from the project LO1201 in the framework of the targeted support of the "National Programme for Sustainability I.'' BGR's work was supported by the BMWi (Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Energie, Berlin). Sandia National Laboratory was supported under the DOE-Used Fuel Disposition campaign. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 EI 1866-6299 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 75 IS 20 AR 1374 DI 10.1007/s12665-016-6160-x PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA EA4JN UT WOS:000386578200037 ER PT J AU Cervarich, M Shu, SJ Jain, AK Arneth, A Canadell, J Friedlingstein, P Houghton, RA Kato, E Koven, C Patra, P Poulter, B Sitch, S Stocker, B Viovy, N Wiltshire, A Zeng, N AF Cervarich, Matthew Shu, Shijie Jain, Atul K. Arneth, Almut Canadell, Josep Friedlingstein, Pierre Houghton, Richard A. Kato, Etsushi Koven, Charles Patra, Prabir Poulter, Ben Sitch, Stephen Stocker, Beni Viovy, Nicolas Wiltshire, Andy Zeng, Ning TI The terrestrial carbon budget of South and Southeast Asia SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE terrestrial carbon; land surface model; carbon budget ID LAND-USE CHANGE; GLOBAL FIRE EMISSIONS; PROCESS-BASED MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CYCLE; DEFORESTATION; ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; DATABASE; DIOXIDE AB Accomplishing the objective of the current climate policies will require establishing carbon budget and flux estimates in each region and county of the globe by comparing and reconciling multiple estimates including the observations and the results of top-down atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) inversions and bottom-up dynamic global vegetation models. With this in view, this study synthesizes the carbon source/sink due to net ecosystem productivity (NEP), land cover land use change (E-LUC), fires and fossil burning (E-FIRE) for the South Asia (SA), Southeast Asia (SEA) and South and Southeast Asia (SSEA = SA + SEA) and each country in these regions using the multiple top-down and bottom-up modeling results. The terrestrial net biome productivity (NBP = NEP - E-LUC - E-FIRE) calculated based on bottom-up models in combination with E-FIRE based on GFED4s data show net carbon sinks of 217 +/- 147, 10 +/- 55, and 227 +/- 279 TgC yr(-1) for SA, SEA, and SSEA. The top-down models estimated NBP net carbon sinks were 20 +/- 170, 4 +/- 90 and 24 +/- 180 TgC yr(-1). In comparison, regional emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels were 495, 275, and 770 TgC yr(-1), which are many times higher than the NBP sink estimates, suggesting that the contribution of the fossil fuel emissions to the carbon budget of SSEA results in a significant net carbon source during the 2000s. When considering both NBP and fossil fuel emissions for the individual countries within the regions, Bhutan and Laos were net carbon sinks and rest of the countries were net carbon source during the 2000s. The relative contributions of each of the fluxes (NBP, NEP, ELUC, and EFIRE, fossil fuel emissions) to a nation's net carbon flux varied greatly from country to country, suggesting a heterogeneous dominant carbon fluxes on the country-level throughout SSEA. C1 [Cervarich, Matthew; Shu, Shijie; Jain, Atul K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Arneth, Almut] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res Atmospher Environm Re, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Canadell, Josep] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship, Global Carbon Project, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Friedlingstein, Pierre] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4 4QF, Devon, England. [Houghton, Richard A.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, 149 Woods Hole Rd, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Kato, Etsushi] Inst Appl Energy, Tokyo 1050003, Japan. [Koven, Charles] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Patra, Prabir] JAMSTEC, Dept Environm Geochem Cycle Res, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan. [Poulter, Ben] Montana State Univ, Inst Ecosyst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Poulter, Ben] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Sitch, Stephen] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Stocker, Beni] Imperial Coll, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Viovy, Nicolas] CEA Saclay, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Wiltshire, Andy] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Fitzroy Rd, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England. [Zeng, Ning] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zeng, Ning] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Jain, AK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jain1@illinois.edu RI Zeng, Ning/A-3130-2008; Canadell, Josep/E-9419-2010; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; Jain, Atul/D-2851-2016; Patra, Prabir/B-5206-2009 OI Zeng, Ning/0000-0002-7489-7629; Canadell, Josep/0000-0002-8788-3218; Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065; Jain, Atul/0000-0002-4051-3228; Patra, Prabir/0000-0001-5700-9389 FU NASA Land Cover and Land Use Change Program [NNX14AD94G]; US National Science Foundation [NSF-AGS-12-43071] FX This research was partly supported by the NASA Land Cover and Land Use Change Program (NNX14AD94G) and the US National Science Foundation (No. NSF-AGS-12-43071). NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 IS 10 AR 105006 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/11/10/105006 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EA4WN UT WOS:000386616600001 ER PT J AU Mills, E Jones, RB AF Mills, Evan Jones, Richard B. TI An Insurance Perspective on US Electric Grid Disruption Costs SO GENEVA PAPERS ON RISK AND INSURANCE-ISSUES AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE power outages; business interruptions; utilities ID CLIMATE AB Large yet infrequent disruptions of electrical power can impact tens of millions of people in a single event, triggering significant economic damages, portions of which are insured. Small and frequent events are also significant in the aggregate. This article explores the role that insurance claims data can play in better defining the broader economic impacts of grid disruptions in the U.S. context. We developed four case studies, using previously unpublished data for specific actual grid disruptions. The cases include the 1977 New York City blackout, the 2003 Northeast blackout, multi-year national annual lightning-related electrical damage and multi-year national line-disturbance events. Insured losses represent between 3 and 64 per cent of total loss costs across the case studies. The household sector emerges as a larger locus of costs than indicated in previous studies, and short-lived events emerge as important sources of loss costs. C1 [Mills, Evan] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jones, Richard B.] Hartford Steam Boiler Insurance & Inspect Co, Engn & Res, One State St,POB 5024, Hartford, CT 06102 USA. RP Mills, E (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-2000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM emills@lbl.gov; rick-jones@solomononline.com FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Useful comments were provided by Joe Eto (LBNL), Robert Muir-Wood (RMS), Anthony Wagar (Willis), Howard Kunnreuther (Wharton), Tom Phillips (CARB, retired), Eric Rollison and Sharon Hernandez (USDOE) and two anonymous reviewers. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 1018-5895 EI 1468-0440 J9 GENEVA PAP R I-ISS P JI Geneva Pap. Risk Insur.-Issues Pract. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 555 EP 586 DI 10.1057/gpp.2016.9 PG 32 WC Business, Finance SC Business & Economics GA EA7CK UT WOS:000386785500002 ER PT J AU Denton, MH Reeves, GE Thomsen, MF Henderson, MG Friedel, RHW Larsen, B Skoug, RM Funsten, HO Spence, HE Kletzing, CA AF Denton, M. H. Reeves, G. E. Thomsen, M. F. Henderson, M. G. Friedel, R. H. W. Larsen, B. Skoug, R. M. Funsten, H. O. Spence, H. E. Kletzing, C. A. TI The complex nature of storm-time ion dynamics: Transport and local acceleration SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE plasma sheet ID FIELD-ALIGNED ION; RING CURRENT IONS; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; CYCLOTRON WAVES; PLASMASPHERE; LIFETIME; PARTICLE; PROTONS; BEAMS AB Data from the Van Allen Probes Helium, Oxygen, Proton, and Electron (HOPE) spectrometers reveal hitherto unresolved spatial structure and dynamics in ion populations. Complex regions of O+ dominance, at energies from a few eV to >10keV, are observed throughout the magnetosphere. Isolated regions on the dayside that are rich in energetic O+ might easily be interpreted as strong energization of ionospheric plasma. We demonstrate, however, that both the energy spectrum and the limited magnetic local time extent of these features can be explained by energy-dependent drift of particles injected on the nightside 24h earlier. Particle tracing simulations show that the energetic O+ can originate in the magnetotail, not in the ionosphere. Enhanced wave activity is colocated with the heavy ion-rich plasma, and we further conclude that the waves were not a source of free energy for accelerating ionospheric plasma but rather the consequence of the arrival of substorm-injected plasma. C1 [Denton, M. H.; Reeves, G. E.; Friedel, R. H. W.; Larsen, B.] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Denton, M. H.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Reeves, G. E.; Henderson, M. G.; Larsen, B.; Skoug, R. M.; Funsten, H. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR 1, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Thomsen, M. F.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Friedel, R. H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, NSEC CSES, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Spence, H. E.] Univ New Hampshire, Expt Space Plasma Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Kletzing, C. A.] Univ Iowa, Expt Space Plasma Phys, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Denton, MH (reprint author), New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.; Denton, MH (reprint author), Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM mdenton@newmexicoconsortium.org RI Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011; OI Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 FU New Mexico Consortium by RBSP-Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma - under NASA [NAS5-01072] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the OMNI database for the solar wind and geophysical parameters used in this study. Data from the RBSP-ECT instrument suite used in this study are available at http://www.rbsp-ect.lanl.gov/. This work was supported at New Mexico Consortium by RBSP-Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma funding under NASA's Prime contract NAS5-01072. M.H.D. would like to thank Joe Borovsky and David Hartley for helpful comments regarding this study. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 43 IS 19 BP 10059 EP 10067 DI 10.1002/2016GL070878 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EA9CW UT WOS:000386939800056 ER PT J AU Bilek, SL Rotman, HMM Phillips, WS AF Bilek, Susan L. Rotman, Holly M. M. Phillips, W. Scott TI Low stress drop earthquakes in the rupture zone of the 1992 Nicaragua tsunami earthquake SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE tsunami earthquake; stress drop; Nicaragua ID COSTA-RICA; SUBDUCTION ZONES; CODA WAVES; LOCAL EARTHQUAKES; NICOYA PENINSULA; JOINT INVERSION; P-WAVE; TOMOGRAPHY; DEPTH; FAULT AB Tsunami earthquakes, events that generate larger than expected tsunami and are deficient in high-frequency seismic radiation, are rare but hazardous to coastal populations. One model for these events is shallow rupture through low-strength materials. We calculate seismic moment, corner frequency, and stress drop for 216 earthquakes (2.114C sample preparation and analysis. We also thank Ed Peltzer (MBARI) for the MATLAB (R) scripts of model II geometric mean regression analysis used in Keeling models. This work was funded by a UCOP Campus Laboratory Collaboration (to M.D.M. and T.P.G.), NSF Chemical Oceanography program (OCE 0961980 and OCE 1458941 to E.R.M.D. and OCE 1436922 to F.W.P.), NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (to S.R.B.), and a Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship (to B.D.W). A portion of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (contracts W-7405-Eng-48 and DE-AC52-07NA27344). Data are included as tables in the supporting information file; any additional data may be obtained from B.D.W. upon request (e-mail: brett.walker@uci.edu). NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 43 IS 19 BP 10385 EP 10393 DI 10.1002/2016GL070359 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA EA9CW UT WOS:000386939800059 ER PT J AU Vaughn, LJS Conrad, ME Bill, M Torn, MS AF Vaughn, Lydia J. S. Conrad, Mark E. Bill, Markus Torn, Margaret S. TI Isotopic insights into methane production, oxidation, and emissions in Arctic polygon tundra SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; high latitude; isotopic composition; methane emissions; methane oxidation; methane production; permafrost; polygon tundra ID ICE-WEDGE POLYGONS; PERMAFROST THAW; STABLE CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LENA DELTA; METHANOGENIC PATHWAYS; THERMOKARST LAKES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; NORTHERN SIBERIA; ALASKAN TUNDRA AB Arctic wetlands are currently net sources of atmospheric CH4. Due to their complex biogeochemical controls and high spatial and temporal variability, current net CH4 emissions and gross CH4 processes have been difficult to quantify, and their predicted responses to climate change remain uncertain. We investigated CH4 production, oxidation, and surface emissions in Arctic polygon tundra, across a wet-to-dry permafrost degradation gradient from low-centered ( intact) to flat-and high-centered ( degraded) polygons. From 3 microtopographic positions ( polygon centers, rims, and troughs) along the permafrost degradation gradient, we measured surface CH4 and CO2 fluxes, concentrations and stable isotope compositions of CH4 and DIC at three depths in the soil, and soil moisture and temperature. More degraded sites had lower CH4 emissions, a different primary methanogenic pathway, and greater CH4 oxidation than did intact permafrost sites, to a greater degree than soil moisture or temperature could explain. Surface CH4 flux decreased from 64 nmol m(-2) s(-1) in intact polygons to 7 nmol m(-2) s(-1) in degraded polygons, and stable isotope signatures of CH4 and DIC showed that acetate cleavage dominated CH4 production in low-centered polygons, while CO2 reduction was the primary pathway in degraded polygons. We see evidence that differences in water flow and vegetation between intact and degraded polygons contributed to these observations. In contrast to many previous studies, these findings document a mechanism whereby permafrost degradation can lead to local decreases in tundra CH4 emissions. C1 [Vaughn, Lydia J. S.; Conrad, Mark E.; Bill, Markus; Torn, Margaret S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate & Ecosyst Sci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vaughn, Lydia J. S.; Torn, Margaret S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, 310 Barrows Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vaughn, LJS; Torn, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate & Ecosyst Sci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Vaughn, LJS; Torn, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, 310 Barrows Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mstorn@lbl.gov; mstorn@lbl.gov RI Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; OI Vaughn, Lydia J. S./0000-0001-9337-464X FU Biological and Environmental Research program in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science FX The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments in the Arctic (NGEE Arctic) project is supported by the Biological and Environmental Research program in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. We thank Stan Wullschleger for guidance, Bryan Curtis, Oriana Chafe, and Melanie Hahn for field assistance, and the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation for logistical support. NR 117 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 28 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 22 IS 10 BP 3487 EP 3502 DI 10.1111/gcb.13281 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA5RQ UT WOS:000386680600021 PM 26990225 ER PT J AU Khanova, E Lazaro, RG Wang, W Ansong, C French, SW Morgan, TR Bataller, R Schnabl, B Tsukamoto, H AF Khanova, Elena Lazaro, Raul G. Wang, Wen Ansong, Charles French, Samuel W. Morgan, Timothy R. Bataller, Ramon Schnabl, Bernd Tsukamoto, Hidekazu TI Pyroptosis by Caspase11/4-Gasdermin-D Pathway in Alcoholic Hepatitis SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 67th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY NOV 11-15, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Khanova, Elena; Lazaro, Raul G.; Wang, Wen; Tsukamoto, Hidekazu] Univ Southern Calif, Keck Sch Med, Southern Calif Res Ctr ALPD & Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Schnabl, Bernd] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Morgan, Timothy R.] VA Long Beach Healthcare Syst, Long Beach, CA USA. [Bataller, Ramon] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [French, Samuel W.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Ansong, Charles] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2016 VL 64 SU 1 MA 44 BP 23A EP 23A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DY9YT UT WOS:000385493800045 ER PT J AU Garlapati, S Kuruganti, T Buehrer, MR Reed, JH AF Garlapati, Shravan Kuruganti, Teja Buehrer, Michael R. Reed, Jeffrey H. TI SMAC: A Soft MAC to Reduce Control Overhead and Latency in CDMA-Based AMI Networks SO IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING LA English DT Article DE Average throughput and packet delay; CAPEX; CDMA; Markov chain; OPEX; OTRA-THS MAC; SDMAC; smart meter networks AB The use of state-of-the-art 3G cellular CDMA technologies in a utility owned AMI network results in a large amount of control traffic relative to data traffic, increases the average packet delay and hence are not an appropriate choice for smart grid distribution applications. Like the CDG, we consider a utility owned cellular like CDMA network for smart grid distribution applications and classify the distribution smart grid data as scheduled data and random data. Also, we propose SMAC protocol, which changes its mode of operation based on the type of the data being collected to reduce the data collection latency and control overhead when compared to 3G cellular CDMA2000 MAC. The reduction in the data collection latency and control overhead aids in increasing the number of smart meters served by a base station within the periodic data collection interval, which further reduces the number of base stations needed by a utility or reduces the bandwidth needed to collect data from all the smart meters. The reduction in the number of base stations and/or the reduction in the data transmission bandwidth reduces the CAPital EXpenditure (CAPEX) and OPerational EXpenditure (OPEX) of the AMI network. The proposed SMAC protocol is analyzed using markov chain, analytical expressions for average throughput and average packet delay are derived, and simulation results are also provided to verify the analysis. C1 [Garlapati, Shravan; Buehrer, Michael R.; Reed, Jeffrey H.] Virginia Tech, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Kuruganti, Teja] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Garlapati, S (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM gshra09@vt.edu; kurugantipv@ornl.gov; buehrer@vt.edu; reedjh@vt.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This paper has been coauthored by employees of UTBattelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Accordingly, the United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1063-6692 EI 1558-2566 J9 IEEE ACM T NETWORK JI IEEE-ACM Trans. Netw. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 24 IS 5 BP 2648 EP 2662 DI 10.1109/TNET.2015.2481718 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA DZ9YL UT WOS:000386238600006 ER PT J AU Strepis, N Sanchez-Andrea, I van Gelder, AH van Kruistum, H Shapiro, N Kyrpides, N Goker, M Klenk, HP Schaap, P Stams, AJM Sousa, DZ AF Strepis, Nikolaos Sanchez-Andrea, Irene van Gelder, Antonie H. van Kruistum, Henri Shapiro, Nicole Kyrpides, Nikos Goeker, Markus Klenk, Hans-Peter Schaap, Peter Stams, Alfons J. M. Sousa, Diana Z. TI Description of Trichococcus ilyis sp nov by combined physiological and in silico genome hybridization analyses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RUMINOCOCCUS-PALUSTRIS; SEQUENCE DATA; RNA GENES; BACTERIA; ACID; CLASSIFICATION; FERMENTATION; ANNOTATION; PASTEURII; GLYCEROL AB Species of the genus Trichococcus share high similarity of their 16S rRNA gene sequences (>99 %). Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values (dDDH) among type strains of all described species of the genus Trichococcus (T. flocculiformis DSM 2094(T), T. pasteurii DSM 2381(T), T. collinsii DSM 14526(T), T. palustris DSM 9172(T), and T. patagoniensisDSM 18806(T)) indicated that Trichococcus sp. strain R210(T) represents a novel species of the genus Trichococcus. The dDDH values showed a low DNA relatedness between strain R210(T) and all other species of the genus Trichococcus (23-32%). Cells of strain R210(T) were motile, slightly curved rods, 0.63-1.40 x 0.48-0.90 mu m and stained Gram-positive. Growth was optimal at pH 7.8 and at temperature of 30 degrees C. Strain R210(T) could utilize several carbohydrates, and the main products from glucose fermentation were lactate, acetate, formate and ethanol. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain R210(T) was 47.9 mol%. Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics along with measured dDDH values for all species of the genus Trichococcus, it is suggested that strain R210(T) represents a novel species within the genus Trichococcus, for which the name Trichococcus ilyis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R210(T) (= DSM 22150(T) = JCM 31247(T)). C1 [Strepis, Nikolaos; Sanchez-Andrea, Irene; van Gelder, Antonie H.; van Kruistum, Henri; Stams, Alfons J. M.; Sousa, Diana Z.] Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands. [Strepis, Nikolaos; Schaap, Peter] Wageningen Univ, Lab Syst & Synthet Biol, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands. [Shapiro, Nicole; Kyrpides, Nikos] DOE Joint Genome Inst, 2800 Mitchell Dr 100, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Inhoffenstr 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. [Klenk, Hans-Peter] Newcastle Univ, Sch Biol, Ridley Bldg 2, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Stams, Alfons J. M.; Sousa, Diana Z.] Univ Minho, Ctr Biol Engn, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. RP Sousa, DZ (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, Netherlands.; Sousa, DZ (reprint author), Univ Minho, Ctr Biol Engn, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal. EM diana.sousa@wur.nl RI Sousa, Diana/K-5558-2012 OI Sousa, Diana/0000-0003-3569-1545 FU European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP)/ERC [323009]; Gravitation grant of the Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science [024.002.002]; Office of Science of the DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement (323009) and by the Gravitation grant (024.002.002) of the Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI), a DOE Office of Science User Facility, was supported by the Office of Science of the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors gratefully acknowledge M. Huntemann, A. Clum, M. Pillay, K. Palaniappan, N. Varghese, N. Mikhailova, D. Stamatis, T.B.K. Reddy, C.Y. Ngan, C. Daum, V. Markowitz, N. Ivanova, and T. Woyke from JGI for their technical assistance. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MICROBIOLOGY SOC PI LONDON PA CHARLES DARWIN HOUSE, 12 ROGER ST, LONDON WC1N 2JU, ERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 66 BP 3957 EP 3963 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.001294 PN 10 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EA8FV UT WOS:000386871600031 PM 27406836 ER PT J AU Dong, YR Sanford, RA Boyanov, MI Kemner, KM Flynn, TM O'Loughlin, EJ Locke, RA Weber, JR Egan, SM Fouke, BW AF Dong, Yiran Sanford, Robert A. Boyanov, Maxim I. Kemner, Kenneth M. Flynn, Theodore M. O'Loughlin, Edward J. Locke, Randall A. Weber, Joseph R. Egan, Sheila M. Fouke, Bruce W. TI Tepidibacillus decaturensis sp nov., a microaerophilic, moderately thermophilic iron-reducing bacterium isolated from 1.7 km depth groundwater SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DEEP SUBSURFACE; INTRAGENOMIC HETEROGENEITY; DISSIMILATORY FE(III); ANAEROBIC SEDIMENTS; MN(IV) REDUCTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; FERRIC IRON; GEN. NOV.; SEQUENCE AB A Gram-stain-negative, microaerophilic rod-shaped organism designated as strain Z9(T) was isolated from groundwater of 1.7 km depth from the Mt. Simon Sandstone of the Illinois Basin, Illinois, USA. Cells of strain Z9(T) were rod shaped with dimensions of 0.3 x (1-10) mu m and stained Gram-negative. Strain Z9(T) grew within the temperature range 20-60 degrees C (optimumat 30-40 degrees C), between pH 5 and 8 (optimum 5.2-5.8) and under salt concentrations of 1-5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.5% NaCl). In addition to growth by fermentation and nitrate reduction, this strain was able to reduce Fe(III), Mn(IV), Co(III) and Cr(VI) when H-2 or organic carbon was available as the electron donor, but did not actively reduce oxidized sulfur compounds (e.g. sulfate, thiosulfate or S-0). The G+C content of the DNA from strain Z9(T) was 36.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene from strain Z9(T) showed that it belongs to the class Bacilli and shares 97% sequence similarity with the only currently characterized member of the genus Tepidibacillus, T. fermentans. Based on the physiological distinctness and phylogenetic information, strain Z9(T) represents a novel species within the genus Tepidibacillus, for which the name Tepidibacillus decaturensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Z9(T) (= ATCC BAA-2644(T) = DSM 103037(T)). C1 [Dong, Yiran; Fouke, Bruce W.] Univ Illinois, Carl R Woese Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL USA. [Dong, Yiran; Sanford, Robert A.; Fouke, Bruce W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL USA. [Boyanov, Maxim I.; Kemner, Kenneth M.; Flynn, Theodore M.; O'Loughlin, Edward J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Boyanov, Maxim I.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Engn, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Locke, Randall A.; Fouke, Bruce W.] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Geol Survey, Champaign, IL USA. [Weber, Joseph R.; Fouke, Bruce W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL USA. [Egan, Sheila M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biochem, Champaign, IL USA. RP Dong, YR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Carl R Woese Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL USA.; Dong, YR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL USA. EM dong5600@illinois.edu RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) grant award (US DOE) [DE-FC26-05NT42588]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the NASA Astrobiology Institute [NNA13AA91A]; Subsurface Science Scientific Focus Area (SFA) at Argonne National Laboratory - Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of the Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This project was a fully collaborative research effort. The Illinois Basin-Decatur Project (IBDP) well was planned, drilled and maintained by the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC), Schlumberger Carbon Services and Water Services, led by the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS), and funded by a U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) grant award (US DOE DE-FC26-05NT42588). This work was also partially supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the NASA Astrobiology Institute under Cooperative Agreement No. NNA13AA91A issued through the Science Mission Directorate. We thank technical support from Lou Ann Miller and Catalin Chiritescu at the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities, UIUC, for transmission electron microscopy. K. M. K., M. I. B., E. J. O. and T. M. F. were supported by the Subsurface Science Scientific Focus Area (SFA) at Argonne National Laboratory funded by the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of the Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU MICROBIOLOGY SOC PI LONDON PA CHARLES DARWIN HOUSE, 12 ROGER ST, LONDON WC1N 2JU, ERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 66 BP 3964 EP 3971 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.001295 PN 10 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EA8FV UT WOS:000386871600032 PM 27406851 ER PT J AU Hausmann, B Knorr, KH Schreck, K Tringe, SG del Rio, TG Loy, A Pester, M AF Hausmann, Bela Knorr, Klaus-Holger Schreck, Katharina Tringe, Susannah G. del Rio, Tijana Glavina Loy, Alexander Pester, Michael TI Consortia of low-abundance bacteria drive sulfate reduction-dependent degradation of fermentation products in peat soil microcosms SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; MODERATELY ACIDIC FEN; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REDUCING PROKARYOTES; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; RARE BIOSPHERE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEQUENCES; OXIDATION; WETLANDS AB Dissimilatory sulfate reduction in peatlands is sustained by a cryptic sulfur cycle and effectively competes with methanogenic degradation pathways. In a series of peat soil microcosms incubated over 50 days, we identified bacterial consortia that responded to small, periodic additions of individual fermentation products (formate, acetate, propionate, lactate or butyrate) in the presence or absence of sulfate. Under sulfate supplementation, net sulfate turnover (ST) steadily increased to 16-174 nmol cm(-3) per day and almost completely blocked methanogenesis. 16S rRNA gene and cDNA amplicon sequencing identified microorganisms whose increases in ribosome numbers strongly correlated to ST. Natively abundant (>= 0.1% estimated genome abundance) species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) showed no significant response to sulfate. In contrast, low-abundance OTUs responded significantly to sulfate in incubations with propionate, lactate and butyrate. These OTUs included members of recognized sulfate-reducing taxa (Desulfosporosinus, Desulfopila, Desulfomonile, Desulfovibrio) and also members of taxa that are either yet unknown sulfate reducers or metabolic interaction partners thereof. Most responsive OTUs markedly increased their ribosome content but only weakly increased in abundance. Responsive Desulfosporosinus OTUs even maintained a constantly low population size throughout 50 days, which suggests a novel strategy of rare biosphere members to display activity. Interestingly, two OTUs of the non-sulfate-reducing genus Telmatospirillum (Alphapro-teobacteria) showed strongly contrasting preferences towards sulfate in butyrate-amended microcosms, corroborating that closely related microorganisms are not necessarily ecologically coherent. We show that diverse consortia of low-abundance microorganisms can perform peat soil sulfate reduction, a process that exerts control on methane production in these climate-relevant ecosystems. C1 [Hausmann, Bela; Schreck, Katharina; Loy, Alexander; Pester, Michael] Univ Vienna, Res Network Chem Meets Microbiol, Dept Microbiol & Ecosyst Sci, Div Microbial Ecol, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Hausmann, Bela; Pester, Michael] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, Constance, Germany. [Knorr, Klaus-Holger] Univ Munster, Inst Landscape Ecol, Hydrol Grp, Munster, Germany. [Tringe, Susannah G.; del Rio, Tijana Glavina] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Loy, A (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Res Network Chem Meets Microbiol, Dept Microbiol & Ecosyst Sci, Div Microbial Ecol, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM loy@microbial-ecology.net RI Knorr, Klaus-Holger/B-8321-2008; OI Knorr, Klaus-Holger/0000-0003-4175-0214; Hausmann, Bela/0000-0002-0846-1202; Loy, Alexander/0000-0001-8923-5882; Pester, Michael/0000-0001-6296-4145 FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P23117-B17]; US Department of Energy [CSP605]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [PE 2147/1-1]; European Union [PCIG14-GA-2013-630188]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was financially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF, P23117-B17 to MP and AL), the US Department of Energy (CSP605 to MP and AL), the German Research Foundation (DFG, PE 2147/1-1 to MP) and the European Union (FP7-People-2013-CIG, Grant No. PCIG14-GA-2013-630188 to MP). The work conducted by the Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are grateful to Martin Huemer and Norbert Bittner for technical support during qPCR analysis and field sampling, respectively. We additionally thank Ilias Lagkouvardos for performing analyses with the integrated microbial NGS platform, Craig Herbold for help with the taxonomic classification and the staff of the Joint Genome Institute for amplicon library preparation, sequencing and standard bioinformatics support. NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 24 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 10 IS 10 BP 2365 EP 2375 DI 10.1038/ismej.2016.42 PG 11 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA EB0LN UT WOS:000387035400003 PM 27015005 ER PT J AU Solomon, EI Hadt, RG Snyder, BER AF Solomon, Edward I. Hadt, Ryan G. Snyder, Benjamin E. R. TI Activating Metal Sites for Biological Electron Transfer SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE blue copper; cytochromes; electron transfer; structure-activity relationships; transition metal spectroscopy ID BLUE COPPER SITE; PLASTOCYANIN SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HEART CYTOCHROME-C; ACTIVE-SITES; REDUCTION POTENTIALS; POPLAR PLASTOCYANIN; EXPERIMENTAL PROBE; AXIAL METHIONINE; K-EDGE; PROTEINS AB This review focuses on the unique spectroscopic features of the blue copper active sites. These reflect a novel electronic structure that activates the site for rapid long-range electron transfer in its biological function. The role of the protein in determining the geometric and electronic structure of this site is defined, as is its contribution to function. This has been referred to as the entatic/rack-induced state. These concepts are then extended to cytochrome c, which is also determined to be in an entatic state. C1 [Solomon, Edward I.; Hadt, Ryan G.; Snyder, Benjamin E. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Solomon, Edward I.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hadt, Ryan G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Solomon, EI (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Solomon, EI (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM edward.solomon@stanford.edu FU NIH [DK31450] FX This work was supported by a grant from the NIH (DK31450 to E. I. S.). NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0021-2148 EI 1869-5868 J9 ISR J CHEM JI Isr. J. Chem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 56 IS 9-10 SI SI BP 649 EP 659 DI 10.1002/ijch.201600016 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DZ2IS UT WOS:000385666100003 ER PT J AU Barai, P Mukherjee, PP AF Barai, Pallab Mukherjee, Partha P. TI Stochastics of diffusion induced damage in intercalation materials SO MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS LA English DT Article DE intercalation material; diffusion induced stress; microcrack formation; scaling; stochastic modeling ID ION BATTERY ELECTRODES; RANDOM FUSE MODEL; THERMAL-EXPANSION ANISOTROPY; LATTICE SPRING MODEL; CRACK-PROPAGATION; MECHANICAL DEGRADATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL SHOCK; FRACTURE SIMULATIONS; STATISTICAL-MODELS; ACOUSTIC-EMISSION AB Fundamental understanding of the underlying diffusion-mechanics interplay in the intercalation electrode materials is critical toward improved life and performance of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. Especially, diffusion induced microcrack formation in brittle, intercalation active materials, with emphasis on the grain/grain-boundary (GB) level implications, has been fundamentally investigated based on a stochastic modeling approach. Quasistatic damage evolution has been analyzed under lithium concentration gradient induced stress. Scaling of total amount of microcrack formation shows a power law variation with respect to the system size. Difference between the global and local roughness exponent indicates the existence of anomalous scaling. The deterioration of stiffness with respect to microcrack density displays two distinct regions of damage propagation; namely, diffused damage evolution and stress concentration driven localized crack propagation. Polycrystalline material microstructures with different grain sizes have been considered to study the diffusion-induced fracture in grain and GB regions. Intergranular crack paths are observed within microstructures containing softer GB region, whereas, transgranular crack paths have been observed in microstructures with relatively strong GB region. Increased tortuosity of the spanning crack has been attributed as the reason behind attaining increased fracture strength in polycrystalline materials with smaller grain sizes. C1 [Barai, Pallab; Mukherjee, Partha P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Barai, Pallab] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Storage & Distributed Resources Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mukherjee, PP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM pmukherjee@tamu.edu FU NSF [1438431]; Texas A&M University faculty research initiation grant FX Financial support from NSF grant no. 1438431 and Texas A&M University faculty research initiation grant is gratefully acknowledged. NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2053-1591 J9 MATER RES EXPRESS JI Mater. Res. Express PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 AR 104001 DI 10.1088/2053-1591/3/10/104001 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EA4ER UT WOS:000386563000001 ER PT J AU Doerner, SK Reis, ES Leung, ES Ko, JS Heaney, JD Berger, NA Lambris, JD Nadeau, JH AF Doerner, Stephanie K. Reis, Edimara S. Leung, Elaine S. Ko, Justine S. Heaney, Jason D. Berger, Nathan A. Lambris, John D. Nadeau, Joseph H. TI High-Fat Diet-Induced Complement Activation Mediates Intestinal Inflammation and Neoplasia, Independent of Obesity SO MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION STRAINS; T-CELL RESPONSES; C5A RECEPTOR; COLON-CANCER; MOUSE MODEL; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; MICE; MECHANISMS; CARCINOGENESIS AB Obesity and related metabolic disturbances are closely associated with pathologies that represent a significant burden to global health. Epidemiological and molecular evidence links obesity and metabolic status with inflammation and increased risk of cancer. Here, using a mouse model of intestinal neoplasia and strains that are susceptible or resistant to diet-induced obesity, it is demonstrated that high-fat diet-induced inflammation, rather than obesity or metabolic status, is associated with increased intestinal neoplasia. The complement fragment C5a acts as the trigger for inflammation and intestinal tumorigenesis. High-fat diet induces complement activation and generation of C5a, which in turn induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and expression of proto-oncogenes. Pharmacological and genetic targeting of the C5a receptor reduced both inflammation and intestinal polyposis, suggesting the use of complement inhibitors for preventing diet-induced neoplasia. Implications: This study characterizes the relations between diet and metabolic conditions on risk for a common cancer and identifies complement activation as a novel target for cancer prevention. (C) 2016 AACR. C1 [Doerner, Stephanie K.; Ko, Justine S.; Berger, Nathan A.; Nadeau, Joseph H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Reis, Edimara S.; Lambris, John D.] Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Leung, Elaine S.; Nadeau, Joseph H.] Pacific Northwest Res Inst, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. [Heaney, Jason D.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Heaney, Jason D.] Baylor Coll Med, Dan L Duncan Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Berger, Nathan A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Case Comprehens Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Nadeau, JH (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Res Inst, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. EM jnadeau@pnri.org FU Transdisciplinary Research in Energy Balance and Cancer Grant [U54 CA116867, AI030040, AI068730, P40 RR012305] FX We thank David A. DeSantis and Carmen Fiuza-Luces for technical assistance. This work was supported by the Transdisciplinary Research in Energy Balance and Cancer Grant #U54 CA116867 to N.A. Berger and J.H. Nadeau, AI030040 and AI068730 to J.D. Lambris and P40 RR012305 to J.H. Nadeau and N.A. Berger. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1541-7786 EI 1557-3125 J9 MOL CANCER RES JI Mol. Cancer Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 14 IS 10 BP 953 EP 965 DI 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-16-0153 PG 13 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA EA4NT UT WOS:000386590200007 PM 27535705 ER PT J AU Holliday, KS Kohlgruber, TA Tran, IC Aberg, D Seeley, ZM Bagge-Hansen, M Srivastava, AM Cherepy, NJ Payne, SA AF Holliday, K. S. Kohlgruber, T. A. Tran, I. C. Aberg, D. Seeley, Z. M. Bagge-Hansen, M. Srivastava, A. M. Cherepy, N. J. Payne, S. A. TI Increased fluorescence intensity in CaTiO3:Pr3+ phosphor due to NH3 treatment and Nb Co-doping SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Red phosphor; Calcium titanate; Praseodymium emission; Lighting phosphor ID LUMINESCENCE; AFTERGLOW; METALS AB Development of next generation red phosphors for commercial lighting requires understanding of how increased luminescence is achieved by various treatment strategies. In this work, we compare co-doping with Nb to NH3 treatment of CaTiO3:Pr phosphors to reveal a general mechanism responsible for the increased luminescence. The phosphors were synthesized using standard solid-state synthesis techniques and the fluorescence was characterized for potential use in fluorescent lighting, with 254 nm excitation. The lifetime of the fluorescence was determined and used to identify a change in a trap state by the co-doping of Nb5+ in the phosphor. The oxidation state of the Pr was probed by NEXAFS and revealed that both Nb5+ co-doping and NH3 treatment reduced the number of non-fluorescing Pr4+ centers. Calculations were performed to determine the energetically favorable defects. Vacuum annealing was also used to further probe the nature of the trap state. It was determined that NH3 treatments reduce the number of Pr4+ non-fluorescing centers, while Nb5+ co-doping additionally reduces the number of excess oxygen trap states that quench the fluorescence. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Holliday, K. S.; Kohlgruber, T. A.; Tran, I. C.; Aberg, D.; Seeley, Z. M.; Bagge-Hansen, M.; Cherepy, N. J.; Payne, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Srivastava, A. M.] GE Global Res, One Res Circle, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. [Tran, I. C.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine Mat Res Inst, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Holliday, KS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM holliday7@llnl.gov RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013 OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; DOE EERE Critical Materials Institute; U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank Alex Drobshoff for his assistance with fluorescence lifetime measurements. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Funding Was provided by the DOE EERE Critical Materials Institute, and work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 EI 1873-1252 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 60 BP 359 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2016.08.016 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EA5FJ UT WOS:000386644500056 ER PT J AU Hirth, JP Wang, J Tome, CN AF Hirth, J. P. Wang, J. Tome, C. N. TI Disconnections and other defects associated with twin interfaces SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Interfacial defects; Twinning; Hexagonal metals ID CLOSE-PACKED METALS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; NANOCRYSTALLINE FCC METALS; DEFORMED MAGNESIUM ALLOY; ANGLE GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; 0 (1)OVER-BAR 2; DEFORMATION TWINS; HCP METALS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION AB The general topological model for interfacial defects is reviewed and expanded, and the role of these defects in the coupled shear - migration of interfaces is explored. We focus on twinning in hexagonal metals for many defect examples. The definition of shuffles within the topological model is presented. The concept of partitioning of the rotational component of elastic distortions at a grain boundary or interphase interface has recently been elucidated. This work shows that rotational coherency has an important role in twinning. The role of disconnections in type II twins is presented. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hirth, J. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wang, J.] Univ Nebraska, Mech & Mat Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Tome, C. N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Mech & Mat Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM jianwang@unl.edu RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences under US DOE [FWP 06SCPE401, W-7405-ENG-36] FX The authors were fully supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Project FWP 06SCPE401, under US DOE Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. The authors are indebted to R.C. Pond for helpful discussion and contributions to this work. J.W. Christian, R.G. Hoagland, J. M. Howe, S. Mahajan, and Y.T. Zhu also provided helpful discussions and comments on this topic. NR 254 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 26 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6425 J9 PROG MATER SCI JI Prog. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 83 BP 417 EP 471 DI 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2016.07.003 PG 55 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EA9RJ UT WOS:000386982100009 ER PT J AU Cartwright, MM Schmuck, SC Corredor, C Wang, BB Scoville, DK Chisholm, CR Wilkerson, HW Afsharinejad, Z Bammler, TK Posner, JD Shutthanandan, V Baer, DR Mitra, S Altemeier, WA Kavanagh, TJ AF Cartwright, Megan M. Schmuck, Stefanie C. Corredor, Charlie Wang, Bingbing Scoville, David K. Chisholm, Claire R. Wilkerson, Hui-Wen Afsharinejad, Zahra Bammler, Theodor K. Posner, Jonathan D. Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam Baer, Donald R. Mitra, Somenath Altemeier, William A. Kavanagh, Terrance J. TI The pulmonary inflammatory response to multiwalled carbon nanotubes is influenced by gender and glutathione synthesis SO REDOX BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gender differences; Glutathione; Inflammation; Multiwalled carbon nanotubes; Nanotoxicology; Oxidative stress ID GLUTAMATE-CYSTEINE LIGASE; LUNG INFLAMMATION; INHALATION EXPOSURE; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; C57BL/6 MICE; MOUSE LUNG; IN-VITRO; TOXICITY; GENE; FIBROSIS AB Inhalation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) during their manufacture or incorporation into various commercial products may cause lung inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in exposed workers. Some workers may be more susceptible to these effects because of differences in their ability to synthesize the major antioxidant and immune system modulator glutathione (GSH). Accordingly, in this study we examined the influence of GSH synthesis and gender on MWCNT-induced lung inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. GSH synthesis was impaired through genetic manipulation of Gclm, the modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase, the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis. Twenty-four hours after aspirating 25 mu g of MWCNTs, all male mice developed neutrophilia in their lungs, regardless of Gclm genotype. However, female mice with moderate (Gclm heterozygous) and severe (Gclm null) GSH deficiencies developed significantly less neutrophilia. We found no indications of MWCNT-induced oxidative stress as reflected in the GSH content of lung tissue and epithelial lining fluid, 3-nitrotyrosine formation, or altered mRNA or protein expression of several redox-responsive enzymes. Our results indicate that GSH-deficient female mice are rendered uniquely susceptible to an attenuated neutrophil response. If the same effects occur in humans, GSH-deficient women manufacturing MWCNTs may be at greater risk for impaired neutrophil-dependent clearance of MWCNTs from the lung. In contrast, men may have effective neutrophil-dependent clearance, but may be at risk for lung neutrophilia regardless of their GSH levels. (C) 2016 Publishedd by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cartwright, Megan M.; Schmuck, Stefanie C.; Scoville, David K.; Chisholm, Claire R.; Wilkerson, Hui-Wen; Afsharinejad, Zahra; Bammler, Theodor K.; Kavanagh, Terrance J.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Corredor, Charlie; Posner, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wang, Bingbing; Shutthanandan, Vaithiyalingam; Baer, Donald R.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Posner, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Altemeier, William A.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mitra, Somenath] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Kavanagh, TJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM tjkav@uw.edu FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research; [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX We thank the staff of the University of Washington's Department of Comparative Medicine for their diligent care of our laboratory animals. Helium ion microscopy images were captured using equipment at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE Office of Science User Facility sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research. EMSL is operated under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2213-2317 J9 REDOX BIOL JI Redox Biol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 9 BP 264 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.redox.2016.08.009 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EA6RQ UT WOS:000386757000028 PM 27596734 ER PT J AU Griffin, PJ Bocharova, V Middleton, LR Composto, RJ Clarke, N Schweizer, KS Winey, KI AF Griffin, Philip J. Bocharova, Vera Middleton, L. Robert Composto, Russell J. Clarke, Nigel Schweizer, Kenneth S. Winey, Karen I. TI Influence of the Bound Polymer Layer on Nanoparticle Diffusion in Polymer Melts SO ACS MACRO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; NANOCOMPOSITES; ADSORPTION; INTERFACE; SURFACES AB We measure the center-of-mass diffusion of silica nanoparticles (NPs) in entangled poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) melts using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. While these NPs are well within the size regime where enhanced, nonhydrodynamic NP transport is theoretically predicted and has been observed experimentally (2R(NP)/d(tube) approximate to 3, where 2R(NP) is the NP diameter and d(tube) is the tube diameter), we find that the diffusion of these NPs in P2VP is in fact well-described by the hydrodynamic Stokes Einstein relation. The effective NP diameter 2R(eff) is significantly larger than 2RNP and strongly dependent on P2VP molecular weight, consistent with the presence of a bound polymer layer on the NP surface with thickness h(eff) approximate to 1.1R(g). Our results show that the bound polymer layer significantly augments the NP hydrodynamic size in polymer melts with attractive polymer NP interactions and effectively transitions the mechanism of NP diffusion from the nonhydrodynamic to hydrodynamic regime, particularly at high molecular weights where NP transport is expected to be notably enhanced. Furthermore, these results provide the first experimental demonstration that hydrodynamic NP transport in polymer melts requires particles of size greater than or similar to 5d(tube), consistent with recent theoretical predictions. C1 [Griffin, Philip J.; Middleton, L. Robert; Composto, Russell J.; Winey, Karen I.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3231 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bocharova, Vera] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Clarke, Nigel] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Schweizer, Kenneth S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Winey, KI (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3231 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM winey@seas.upenn.edu FU NSF Division of Materials Research [DMR-1120901, DMR-1210379, DMR-1507713]; American Chemical Society PRF Grant [54028-ND7]; DuPont CRD; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX The University of Pennsylvania team acknowledges funding of this work from the NSF Division of Materials Research through Grant Nos. DMR-1120901, DMR-1210379 (K.I.W.), and DMR-1507713 (R.J.C.). R.J.C. acknowledges funding from the American Chemical Society PRF Grant No. 54028-ND7 and DuPont CR&D. V.B. and K.S.S. acknowledge financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. We thank J. S. Meth (Dupont) for assistance with molecular weight characterization and C.-C. Lin for transmission electron microscopy. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 27 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2161-1653 J9 ACS MACRO LETT JI ACS Macro Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1141 EP 1145 DI 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00649 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA DZ5PK UT WOS:000385913800015 ER PT J AU Liu, S Keeler, GA Reno, JL Sinclair, MB Brener, I AF Liu, Sheng Keeler, Gordon A. Reno, John L. Sinclair, Michael B. Brener, Igal TI III-V Semiconductor Nanoresonators-A New Strategy for Passive, Active, and Nonlinear All-Dielectric Metamaterials SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-FRONT CONTROL; DIRECTIONAL SCATTERING; HUYGENS METASURFACES; VISIBLE WAVELENGTHS; NANOPARTICLES; GENERATION C1 [Liu, Sheng; Keeler, Gordon A.; Reno, John L.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liu, Sheng; Reno, John L.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, S; Brener, I (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.; Liu, S; Brener, I (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM snliu@sandia.gov; ibrener@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Parts of this work were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering and performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 23 U2 23 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2195-1071 J9 ADV OPT MATER JI Adv. Opt. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1457 EP 1462 DI 10.1002/adom.201600240 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA EA1MR UT WOS:000386356900002 ER PT J AU Flewett, S Saintenoy, T Sepulveda, M Mosso, EF Robles, C Vega, K Gutierrez, S Romero, A Finney, L Maxey, E Vogt, S AF Flewett, Samuel Saintenoy, Thibault Sepulveda, Marcela Fabian Mosso, Edward Robles, Carolina Vega, Katherine Gutierrez, Sebastian Romero, Alvaro Finney, Lydia Maxey, Evan Vogt, Stefan TI Micro X-ray Fluorescence Study of Late Pre-Hispanic Ceramics from the Western Slopes of the South Central Andes Region in the Arica y Parinacota Region, Chile: A New Methodological Approach SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Archaeology; ceramics; image processing; micro x-ray fluorescence; XRF ID PORTABLE XRF; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; POTTERY; SPECTROMETRY; INAA AB Archeological ceramic paste material typically consists of a mix of a clay matrix and various millimeter and sub-millimeter sized mineral inclusions. Micro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a standard compositional classification tool and in this work we propose and demonstrate an improved fluorescence map processing protocol where the mineral inclusions are automatically separated from the clay matrix to allow independent statistical analysis of the two parts. Application of this protocol allowed us to enhance the discrimination between different ceramic shards compared with the standard procedure of working with only the spatially averaged elemental concentrations. Using the new protocol, we performed an initial compositional classification of a set of 83 ceramic shards from the western slopes of the south central Andean region in the Arica y Parinacota region (Chile). Comparing the classifications obtained using the new versus the old (average concentrations only) protocols, we found that some samples were erroneously classified with the old protocol. From an archaeological perspective, a broad and heterogeneous regional sample set was used in this experimental study due to the fact that this was the first such analysis to be performed on ceramics from this region. This allowed a general overview to be obtained, however further work on more specific sample sets will be necessary to extract concrete archaeological conclusions. C1 [Flewett, Samuel; Robles, Carolina] Pontificia Univ Catolica Valparaiso, Inst Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Saintenoy, Thibault] Ctr Invest Hombre Desierto CIHDE CONCIYT, Arica, Chile. [Saintenoy, Thibault] Asociated Lab Archeol Amer ARCHAM CNRS, Paris, France. [Sepulveda, Marcela; Gutierrez, Sebastian] Univ Tarapaca, Inst Invest, Lab Anal & Inves Arqueometr, Lab Arqueol & Paleoambiente, Arica, Chile. [Fabian Mosso, Edward; Vega, Katherine] Univ Tarapaca, Dept Fis, Fac Ciencias, Arica, Chile. [Romero, Alvaro] Consejo Asesor Monumentos Nacl Arica & Parinacota, Arica, Chile. [Finney, Lydia; Maxey, Evan; Vogt, Stefan] Argonne Natl Labs, Adv Photon Source, Lemont, IL USA. RP Flewett, S (reprint author), Av Univ 330, Valparaiso 2340000, V Region, Chile. EM Samuel.flewett@gmail.com FU FONDECYT, Mission Archeologique Arica-Belen (MAEDI) [11121665]; FONDECYT [3130433, 11130563]; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso FX Samuel Flewett was funded by FONDECYT 11130563. Thibault Saintenoy was funded by FONDECYT 11121665, Mission Archeologique Arica-Belen (MAEDI). Fabian Mosso was funded by FONDECYT Postdoctoral Grant No. 3130433. Travel to Chicago for Sebastian Gutierrez was funded by the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 70 IS 10 BP 1759 EP 1769 DI 10.1177/0003702816654153 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA DZ7EB UT WOS:000386026300017 ER PT J AU Finbloom, JA Han, K Aanei, IL Hartman, EC Finley, DT Dedeo, MT Fishman, M Downing, KH Francis, MB AF Finbloom, Joel A. Han, Kenneth Aanei, Ioana L. Hartman, Emily C. Finley, Daniel T. Dedeo, Michel T. Fishman, Max Downing, Kenneth H. Francis, Matthew B. TI Stable Disk Assemblies of a Tobacco Mosaic Virus Mutant as Nanoscale Scaffolds for Applications in Drug Delivery SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL CAPSIDS; CANCER-THERAPY; ASPECT RATIO; IN-VIVO; DOXORUBICIN; DESIGN; PH; BIODISTRIBUTION; NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLES AB Current approaches to nanoscale therapeutic delivery rely on the attachment of a drug of interest to a nanomaterial scaffold that is capable of releasing the drug selectively in a tumor environment. One class of nanocarriers receiving significant attention is protein nanomaterials, which are biodegradable and homogeneous in morphology and can be equipped with multiple functional handles for drug attachment. Although most protein-based nanocarriers are spherical in morphology, recent research has revealed that nonspherical nanomaterials may have favorable tumor uptake in comparison to their spherical counterparts. It is therefore important to expand the number of nonspherical protein based nanocarriers that are available. Herein, we report the development of a self-assembling nanoscale disk derived from a double arginine mutant of recombinantly expressed tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (RR-TMV). RR-TMV disks display highly stable double-disk assembly states. These RR-TMV disks were functionalized with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) and further modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for improved solubility. RR-TMVDOX-PEG displayed cytotoxic properties similar to those of DOX alone when incubated with U87MG glioblastoma cells, but unmodified RR-TMV did not cause any cytotoxicity. The RR-TMV disk assembly represents a promising protein-based nanomaterial for applications in drug delivery. C1 [Finbloom, Joel A.; Han, Kenneth; Aanei, Ioana L.; Hartman, Emily C.; Finley, Daniel T.; Dedeo, Michel T.; Fishman, Max; Francis, Matthew B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Aanei, Ioana L.; Hartman, Emily C.; Francis, Matthew B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Downing, Kenneth H.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Francis, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Francis, MB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbfrancis@berkeley.edu FU UCSF Hana Jabsheh Fund; Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship; NIGMS [P41-GM103311] FX This work was supported by the UCSF Hana Jabsheh Fund. J.A.F. and E.C.H. were supported by the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship. Molecular graphics and analyses were performed with the UCSF Chimera package. Chimera is developed by the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the University of California, San Francisco (supported by NIGMS P41-GM103311). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2480 EP 2485 DI 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00424 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA DZ6SK UT WOS:000385992000030 ER PT J AU Bacchi, M Veinberg, E Field, MJ Niklas, J Matsui, T Tiede, DM Poluektov, OG Ikeda-Saito, M Fontecave, M Artero, V AF Bacchi, Marine Veinberg, Elias Field, Martin J. Niklas, Jens Matsui, Toshitaka Tiede, D. M. Poluektov, Oleg G. Ikeda-Saito, Masao Fontecave, Marc Artero, Vincent TI Artificial Hydrogenases Based on Cobaloximes and Heme Oxygenase SO CHEMPLUSCHEM LA English DT Article DE biohybrids; cobalt; enzyme models; heme proteins; hydrogen evolution ID CORYNEBACTERIUM-DIPHTHERIAE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONAL MODELS; CATALYST; PROTEIN; MECHANISM; DESIGN; ENZYME; WATER; FLAVOPROTEINS AB The insertion of cobaloxime catalysts in the heme-binding pocket of heme oxygenase (HO) yields artificial hydrogenases active for H-2 evolution in neutral aqueous solutions. These novel biohybrids have been purified and characterized by using UV/visible and EPR spectroscopy. These analyses revealed the presence of two distinct binding conformations, thereby providing the cobaloxime with hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments, respectively. Quantum chemical/molecular mechanical docking calculations found open and closed conformations of the binding pocket owing to mobile amino acid residues. HO-based biohybrids incorporating a {Co(dmgH)(2)} (dmgH(2)=dimethylglyoxime) catalytic center displayed up to threefold increased turnover numbers with respect to the cobaloxime alone or to analogous sperm whale myoglobin adducts. This study thus provides a strong basis for further improvement of such biohybrids, using well-designed modifications of the second and outer coordination spheres, through site-directed mutagenesis of the host protein. C1 [Bacchi, Marine; Fontecave, Marc; Artero, Vincent] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Lab Chem & Biol Met,UMR 5249, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Veinberg, Elias; Field, Martin J.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA,UMR 5075, DYNAMO DYNAMOP,Inst Biol Struct Jean Pierre Ebel, 41 Rue Jules Horowitz, F-38027 Grenoble 1, France. [Niklas, Jens; Tiede, D. M.; Poluektov, Oleg G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 South Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Matsui, Toshitaka; Ikeda-Saito, Masao] Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Fontecave, Marc] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Coll France, Lab Chim Proc Biol,UMR 8229, 11 Pl Marcellin Berthelot, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Artero, V (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Lab Chem & Biol Met,UMR 5249, 17 Rue Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. EM vincent.artero@cea.fr RI Ikeda-Saito, Masao/A-5992-2008; Niklas, Jens/I-8598-2016 OI Niklas, Jens/0000-0002-6462-2680 FU French National Research Agency (LABEX program ARCANE) [ANR-11-LABX-0003-01]; COST Action PERSPECT-H2O [CM1202]; Life Science Division of the CEA (Irtelis program); Life Science Division of the CEA (DSV-Energy program); US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, through Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-6CH11357]; JSPS [2412006, 24350081, 23550186, 25109504, 15K05555, 15H00912]; MEXT, Japan FX We acknowledge support from the French National Research Agency (LABEX program ARCANE; grant ANR-11-LABX-0003-01), the COST Action CM1202 PERSPECT-H2O, and the Life Science Division of the CEA (Irtelis and 2011 DSV-Energy programs). This material is based upon studies supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, through grant DE-AC02-6CH11357 at Argonne National Laboratory. Studies at Tohoku University were supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (M.I.-S., 2412006, 24350081; T.M., 23550186, 25109504, 15K05555, 15H00912) from JSPS and MEXT, Japan. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 19 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2192-6506 J9 CHEMPLUSCHEM JI ChemPlusChem PD OCT PY 2016 VL 81 IS 10 SI SI BP 1083 EP 1089 DI 10.1002/cplu.201600218 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DZ7WC UT WOS:000386078200010 ER PT J AU Getov, V Hoisie, A Bose, P AF Getov, Vladimir Hoisie, Adolfy Bose, Pradip TI New Frontiers in Energy-Efficient Computing SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material ID DESIGN; POWER AB Energy-efficient computing remains a critical challenge across the wide range of future data-processing engines-from ultra-low-power embedded systems to servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. C1 [Getov, Vladimir] Univ Westminster, Distributed & High Performance Comp HPC, London W1R 8AL, England. [Getov, Vladimir] Univ Westminster, Distributed & Intelligent Syst Res Grp, London W1R 8AL, England. [Hoisie, Adolfy] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Comp, Richland, WA USA. [Bose, Pradip] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Efficient & Resilient Syst Dept, Yorktown Hts, NY USA. RP Getov, V (reprint author), Univ Westminster, Distributed & High Performance Comp HPC, London W1R 8AL, England.; Getov, V (reprint author), Univ Westminster, Distributed & Intelligent Syst Res Grp, London W1R 8AL, England. EM v.s.getov@westminster.ac.uk; adolfy.hoisie@pnnl.gov; pbose@us.ibm.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 14 EP 18 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EA0BI UT WOS:000386248500002 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Taylor, V Cook, J Mucci, PJ AF Wu, Xingfu Taylor, Valerie Cook, Jeanine Mucci, Philip J. TI Using Performance-Power Modeling to Improve Energy Efficiency of HPC Applications SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB Energy-efficient scientific applications require insight into how high-performance computing system features impact the applications' power and performance. This insight results from the development of performance and power models. When used with an earthquake simulation and an aerospace application, a proposed modeling framework reduces energy consumption by up to 48.65 and 30.67 percent, respectively. C1 [Wu, Xingfu] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Taylor, Valerie] Texas A&M Univ, Dwight Look Coll Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Taylor, Valerie] Texas A&M Univ, Royce E Wisenbaker Professorship, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cook, Jeanine] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Architectures Grp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mucci, Philip J.] Minimal Metr LLC, Navarre, FL USA. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wuxf@tamu.edu; vtaylor@tamu.edu; jeacook@sandia.gov; phil@minimalmetrics.com FU National Science Foundation [CCF-1619236, CNS-0911023, DMS-1317131] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation under grants CCF-1619236, CNS-0911023, and DMS-1317131. We thank B. Duan from Texas A&M University for providing the earthquake simulations with different problem sizes, K. Cameron of Virginia Tech for the use of PowerPack and SystemG, the Argonne Leaders-hip Computing Facility for the use of BlueGene/Q Mira under DOE INCITE project PEACES, and the reviewers for their valuable comments. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 20 EP 29 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EA0BI UT WOS:000386248500003 ER PT J AU Grant, RE Levenhagen, M Olivier, SL DeBonis, D Pedretti, KT Laros, JH AF Grant, Ryan E. Levenhagen, Michael Olivier, Stephen L. DeBonis, David Pedretti, Kevin T. Laros, James H., III TI Standardizing Power Monitoring and Control at Exascale SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB Power API-the result of collaboration among national laboratories, universities, and major vendors-provides a range of standardized power management functions, from application-level control and measurement to facility-level accounting, including real-time and historical statistics gathering. Support is already available for Intel and AMD CPUs and standalone measurement devices. C1 [Grant, Ryan E.; Levenhagen, Michael; Olivier, Stephen L.; DeBonis, David; Pedretti, Kevin T.; Laros, James H., III] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Res Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Grant, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Res Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM regrant@sandia.gov; mjleven@sandia.gov; slolivi@sandia.gov; ddeboni@sandia.gov; ktpedre@sandia.gov; jhlaros@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 38 EP 46 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EA0BI UT WOS:000386248500005 ER PT J AU Merkel, C Hasan, R Soures, N Kudithipudi, D Taha, T Agarwal, S Marinella, M AF Merkel, Cory Hasan, Raqibul Soures, Nicholas Kudithipudi, Dhireesha Taha, Tarek Agarwal, Sapan Marinella, Matthew TI Neuromemristive Systems: Boosting Efficiency through Brain-Inspired Computing SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB Neuromemristive systems (NMSs) are gaining traction as an alternative to conventional CMOS-based von Neumann systems because of their greater energy and area efficiency. A proposed NMS accelerator for machine-learning tasks reduced power dissipation by five orders of magnitude, relative to a multicore reduced-instruction set computing processor. C1 [Merkel, Cory] US Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Washington, DC USA. [Soures, Nicholas] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Kudithipudi, Dhireesha] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Comp Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Taha, Tarek] Univ Dayton, Elect & Comp Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Agarwal, Sapan; Marinella, Matthew] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Merkel, C (reprint author), US Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Washington, DC USA. EM cory.merkel.1@us.af.mil; hasanm1@udayton.edu; nms9121@g.rit.edu; dxkeec@rit.edu; ttaha@ieee.org; sagarwa@sandia.gov; mmarine@sandia.gov OI Agarwal, Sapan/0000-0002-3676-6986 FU Hardware Acceleration of Adaptive Neural Algorithms Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Grand Challenge; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Work at Sandia National Laboratories was funded by the Hardware Acceleration of Adaptive Neural Algorithms Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Grand Challenge. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 EI 1558-0814 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 56 EP 64 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA EA0BI UT WOS:000386248500007 ER PT J AU Musat, N Musat, F Weber, PK Pett-Ridge, J AF Musat, Niculina Musat, Florin Weber, Peter Kilian Pett-Ridge, Jennifer TI Tracking microbial interactions with NanoSIMS SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION; METHANE OXIDATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; PLANT-CELLS; CARD-FISH; CARBON AB The combination of stable isotope probing (SIP), NanoSIMS imaging and microbe identification via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is often used to link identity to function at the cellular level in microbial communities. Many opportunities remain for nanoSIP to identify metabolic interactions and nutrient fluxes within syntrophic associations and obligate symbioses where exchanges can be extremely rapid. However, additional data, such as genomic potential, gene expression or other imaging modalities are often critical to deciphering the mechanisms underlying specific interactions, and researchers must keep sample preparation artefacts in mind. Here we focus on recent applications of nanoSlP, particularly where used to track exchanges of isotopically labelled molecules between organisms. We highlight metabolic interactions within syntrophic consortia, carbon/nitrogen fluxes between phototrophs and their heterotrophic partners, and symbiont-host nutrient sharing. C1 [Musat, Niculina; Musat, Florin] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Isotope Biogeochem, Leipzig, Germany. [Weber, Peter Kilian; Pett-Ridge, Jennifer] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. RP Musat, N (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Isotope Biogeochem, Leipzig, Germany. EM niculina.musat@ufz.de FU Dept. of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Centre for Chemical Microscopy (ProVIS), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ); U.S. Department of Energy Genomic Science Program [SCW1039]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Science Foundation (USA) via NSF [OCE-1136727] FX This work was supported by the Dept. of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Centre for Chemical Microscopy (ProVIS), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) and the U.S. Department of Energy Genomic Science Program under contract SCW1039 to the Physical and Life Science Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Work at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. For Fig. 2, Dr. Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk acquired and analysed the NanoSIMS data; the National Science Foundation (USA) provided support via NSF grant OCE-1136727 to S Sievert. Samples for Fig. 3 were provided by S Behrens and T Loesekann. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 32 U2 32 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 EI 1879-0429 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.06.007 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA DZ5KA UT WOS:000385899800016 PM 27419912 ER PT J AU Agblevor, FA Elliott, DC Santosa, DM Olarte, MV Burton, SD Swita, M Beis, SH Christian, K Sargent, B AF Agblevor, Foster A. Elliott, Douglas C. Santosa, Daniel M. Olarte, Mariefel V. Burton, Sarah D. Swita, Marie Beis, Sedat H. Christian, Kyle Sargent, Brandon TI Red Mud Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pinyon Juniper and Single-Stage Hydrotreatment of Oils SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID BIO-OIL; BIOMASS AB Pinyon juniper biomass feedstocks, which cover a large acreage of rangeland in the western United States, are being eradicated and, therefore, considered as a convenient biomass feedstock for biofuel production. Pinyon juniper whole biomass (wood, bark, and leaves) were pyrolyzed in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized-bed reactor at 450 degrees C, and the non condensable gases were recycled to fluidize the reactor. Red mud was used as the in situ catalyst for the pyrolysis of the pinyon juniper biomass. The pyrolysis products were condensed in three stages, and products were analyzed for physicochemical properties. The condenser oil formed two phases with the aqueous fraction, whereas the electrostatic precipitator oils formed a single phase. The oil pH was 3.3; the higher heating value (HHV) was 28 MJ/kg; and the viscosity was less than 100 cP. There was a direct correlation between the viscosity of the oils and the alcohol/ether content of the oils, and this was also related to the aging rate of the oils. The catalytic pyrolysis oils were hydrotreated in a continuous single-stage benchtop hydrotreater to produce hydrocarbon fuels with a density of 0.80-0.82 cm(3)/g. The hydrotreater ran continuously for over 300 h with no significant catalyst deactivation or coke formation. This is the first time that such a long single-stage hydrotreatment has been demonstrated on biomass catalytic pyrolysis oils. C1 [Agblevor, Foster A.; Beis, Sedat H.; Christian, Kyle; Sargent, Brandon] Utah State Univ, USTAR Bioenergy Ctr, Biol Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Elliott, Douglas C.; Santosa, Daniel M.; Olarte, Mariefel V.; Burton, Sarah D.; Swita, Marie] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Agblevor, FA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USTAR Bioenergy Ctr, Biol Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM foster.agblevor@usu.edu FU Bioenergy Technology Office (BETO), United States Department of Energy FX The Bioenergy Technology Office (BETO), United States Department of Energy, is acknowledged for funding the project. Almatis LLC, Burnside, LA, is acknowledged for supplying the red mud for the experiments. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 10 BP 7947 EP 7958 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00925 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DZ8FV UT WOS:000386107200017 ER PT J AU Engtrakul, C Hu, MZ Bischoff, BL Jang, GG AF Engtrakul, Chaiwat Hu, Michael Z. Bischoff, Brian L. Jang, Gyoung G. TI Surface-Enhanced Separation of Water from Hydrocarbons: Potential Dewatering Membranes for the Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Pine Biomass SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID BIO-OIL AB The impact of surface-selective coatings on water permeation through a membrane when exposed to catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) vapor products was studied by tailoring the surface properties of the membrane coating from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic. Our approach used high-performance architectured surface-selective (HiPAS) membranes that were inserted after a CFP reactor. At this insertion point, the inner wall surface of a tubular membrane was exposed to a mixture of water and upgraded product vapors, including light gases and deoxygenated hydrocarbons. Under proper membrane operating conditions, a high selectivity for water over one-ring upgraded biomass pyrolysis hydrocarbons was observed as a result of a surface-enhanced capillary condensation process. Owing to this surface-enhanced effect, HiPAS membranes have the potential to enable high flux separations, suggesting that water can be selectively removed from the CFP product vapors. C1 [Engtrakul, Chaiwat] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hu, Michael Z.; Bischoff, Brian L.; Jang, Gyoung G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Engtrakul, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.; Hu, MZ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chaiwat.engtrakul@nrel.gov; hum1@ornl.gov OI Bischoff, Brian/0000-0002-3021-7898 FU Bioenergy Technology Office (BETO) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by funding from the Bioenergy Technology Office (BETO) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Contract DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The authors thank Calvin Mukarakate (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) for stimulating discussions and Johnson Matthey for supplying the catalyst. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 10 BP 8343 EP 8348 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01851 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DZ8FV UT WOS:000386107200062 ER PT J AU Whitmore, LS Davis, RW McCormick, RL Gladden, JM Simmons, BA George, A Hudson, CM AF Whitmore, Leanne S. Davis, Ryan W. McCormick, Robert L. Gladden, John M. Simmons, Blake A. George, Anthe Hudson, Corey M. TI BioCompoundML: A General Biofuel Property Screening Tool for Biological Molecules Using Random Forest Classifiers SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID SOOT FORMATION; FUEL; CLASSIFICATION; DATABASES; PACKAGE; INDEXES; MODEL AB Screening a large number of biologically derived molecules for potential fuel compounds without recourse to experimental testing is important in identifying understudied yet valuable molecules. Experimental testing, although a valuable standard for measuring fuel properties, has several major limitations, including the requirement of testably high quantities, considerable expense, and a large amount of time. This paper discusses the development of a general-purpose fuel property tool, using machine learning, whose outcome is to screen molecules for desirable fuel properties. BioCompoundML adopts a general methodology, requiring as input only a list of training compounds (with identifiers and measured values) and a list of testing compounds (with identifiers). For the training data, BioCompoundML collects open data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, incorporates user-provided features, imputes missing values, performs feature reduction, builds a classifier, and clusters compounds. BioCompoundML then collects data for the testing compounds, predicts class membership, and determines whether compounds are found in the range of variability of the training data set. This tool is demonstrated using three different fuel properties: research octane number (RON), threshold soot index (TSI), and melting point (MP). We provide measures of its success with these properties using randomized train/test measurements: average accuracy is 88% in RON, 85% in TSI, and 94% in MP; average precision is 88% in RON, 88% in TSI, and 95% in MP; and average recall is 88% in RON, 82% in TSI, and 97% in MP. The receiver operator characteristics (area under the curve) were estimated at 0.88 in RON, 0.86 in TSI, and 0.87 in MP. We also measured the success of BioCompoundML by sending 16 compounds for direct RON determination. Finally, we provide a screen of 1977 hydrocarbons/oxygenates within the 8696 compounds in MetaCyc, identifying compounds with high predictive strength for high or low RON. C1 [Whitmore, Leanne S.; Davis, Ryan W.; Gladden, John M.; Simmons, Blake A.; George, Anthe; Hudson, Corey M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Whitmore, Leanne S.; Gladden, John M.; George, Anthe; Hudson, Corey M.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [McCormick, Robert L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Simmons, Blake A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hudson, CM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.; Hudson, CM (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM cmhudso@sandia.gov FU Bioenergy Technologies and Vehicle Technologies Offices, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); National Nuclear Security Administration, DOE [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Vehicle Technologies Office, DOE [DE347AC36-99GO10337]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This research was conducted as part of the Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines (Co-Optima) Project sponsored by the Bioenergy Technologies and Vehicle Technologies Offices, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Co-Optima is a collaborative project of multiple national laboratories initiated to simultaneously accelerate the introduction of affordable, scalable, and sustainable biofuels and high-efficiency, low emission vehicle engines. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the National Nuclear Security Administration, DOE, under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, DOE, through Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the DOE. This work was also supported by the Vehicle Technologies Office, DOE, under Contract DE347AC36-99GO10337 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript or allow others to do so for United States Government purposes. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 10 BP 8410 EP 8418 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01952 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DZ8FV UT WOS:000386107200069 ER PT J AU Arripomah, W Balch, R Cather, M Rose-Coss, D Dai, ZX Heath, J Dewers, T Mozley, P AF Arripomah, William Balch, Robert Cather, Martha Rose-Coss, Dylan Dai, Zhenxue Heath, Jason Dewers, Thomas Mozley, Peter TI Evaluation of CO2 Storage Mechanisms in CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery Sites: Application to Morrow Sandstone Reservoir SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID DEEP SALINE AQUIFERS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RISK ANALYSIS; TRAPPING PROCESSES; CO2-EOR FIELD; SEQUESTRATION; SCALE; SIMULATION; PERMEABILITY; INJECTION AB This article presents numerical simulations of CO2 storage mechanisms in the Pennsylvanian Upper Morrow sandstone reservoir, locally termed the Morrow B sandstone in the Farnsworth Unit (FWU) of Ochiltree County, Texas. The CO2 storage mechanisms considered in the study under a CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mode include structural-stratigraphic trapping, CO2 dissolution in formation water and oil, and residual trapping. The reservoir simulation model was constructed on the basis of field geophysical, geological, and engineering data such as three-dimensional surface seismic data, well logs, and fluid analysis. A representative fluid sampled from the reservoir was analyzed and used to tune the equation of state. A thermodynamic minimum miscible pressure was subsequently computed and compared to the experimental outcome. A history matched model was constructed and used as a baseline to determine the effects of different hypothetical injection strategies (that consider CO2 purchase, gas recycling, and mull drilling), water-alternating-gas (WAG) schemes, and variable salinity on CO2 storage. The simulation results showed that a significant amount of stored CO2 was dissolved in residual oil, contributing to enhanced oil recovery from the tertiary stage of the field operations. Supercritical-phase CO2 mass within the reservoir compared to CO2 dissolved in formation water was found to be dependent on the CO2 injection strategy. The residual trapping contribution was significant when hysteresis was considered. Pressure, volume of reservoir fluid present, caprock integrity, and optimized WAG injection strategies were significant parameters determining the long-term CO2 storage capacity within the FWU. Caprock integrity analyses showed that sealing units have excellent storage capacity with the potential to support column heights of up to 10000 ft. This work shows an improved strategy of maximizing CO2 storage within a depleted oil reservoir. The results from this study show that pressure changes within the reservoir should be continuously monitored to enhance CO2 storage. This study serves as a benchmark for future CO2-EOR projects in the Anadarko basin or geologically similar basins throughout the world. C1 [Arripomah, William; Balch, Robert; Cather, Martha; Rose-Coss, Dylan; Mozley, Peter] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Dai, Zhenxue] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Heath, Jason; Dewers, Thomas] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Arripomah, W (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM wampomah04@gmail.com OI Dai, Zhenxue/0000-0002-0805-7621 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) through the Southwest Regional Partnership on Carbon Sequestration (SWP) [DE-FC26-05NT42591]; site operator Chaparral Energy, L.L.C.; Schlumberger Carbon Services; U.S. Department of Energy's National Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) through the Southwest Regional Partnership on Carbon Sequestration (SWP) under Award DE-FC26-05NT42591. Additional support was provided by site operator Chaparral Energy, L.L.C., and Schlumberger Carbon Services. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD OCT PY 2016 VL 30 IS 10 BP 8545 EP 8555 DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01888 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DZ8FV UT WOS:000386107200085 ER PT J AU Pinti, M Appay, V Campisi, J Frasca, D Fulop, T Sauce, D Larbi, A Weinberger, B Cossarizza, A AF Pinti, Marcello Appay, Victor Campisi, Judith Frasca, Daniela Fulop, Tamas Sauce, Delphine Larbi, Anis Weinberger, Birgit Cossarizza, Andrea TI Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Aging; B lymphocytes; Longevity; NK cells; Signaling; T lymphocytes; Vaccine ID CD8(+) T-CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; B-CELL; INFLUENZA VACCINE; DENDRITIC CELLS; OLDER-ADULTS; NK CELLS AB Major advances in preventing, delaying, or curing individual pathologies are responsible for an increasingly long life span in the developed parts of our planet, and indeed reaching eight to nine decades of life is nowadays extremely frequent. However, medical and sanitary advances have not prevented or delayed the underlying cause of the disparate pathologies occurring in the elderly: aging itself. The identification of the basis of the aging processes that drives the multiple pathologies and loss of function typical of older individuals is a major challenge in current aging research. Among the possible causes, an impairment of the immune system plays a major role, and indeed numerous studies have described immunological changes which occur with age. Far from the intention of being exhaustive, this review will focus on recent advances and views on the role that modifications of cell signalling and remodelling of the immune response play during human aging and longevity, paying particular attention to phenomena which are linked to the so called inflammaging process, such as dysregulation of innate immunity, altered T-cell or B-cell maturation and differentiation, as well as to the implications of immune aging for vaccination strategies in the elderly. C1 [Pinti, Marcello] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Life Sci, Modena, Italy. [Appay, Victor; Sauce, Delphine] Univ Paris 06, DHU FAST, Sorbonne Univ, CR7,Ctr Immunol & Malad Infect CIMI Paris, Paris, France. [Campisi, Judith] USA, Berkeley, CA USA. [Campisi, Judith] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Buck Inst Res Aging, Berkeley, CA USA. [Frasca, Daniela] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Fulop, Tamas] Univ Sherbrooke, Res Ctr Aging, Dept Med, Div Geriatr, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Larbi, Anis] ASTAR, Aging & Immun Program, Singapore Immunol Network SIgN, Singapore, Singapore. [Weinberger, Birgit] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Biomed Aging Res, Innsbruck, Austria. [Cossarizza, Andrea] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Sch Med, Dept Surg Med Dent & Morphol Sci, Modena, Italy. RP Cossarizza, A (reprint author), Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Sch Med, Dept Surg Med Dent & Morphol Sci, Modena, Italy. EM andrea.cossarizza@unimore.it FU Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Vignola (Italy); French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-14-CE14-0030-01]; Fondation Recherche Medicale [DEQ20120323690]; NIH [R21 AI096446, R21 AG042826, R56 AG032576]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [106634, 106701]; Universite de Sherbrooke; Research Center on Aging; SIgN; Agency for Science Technology and Research (JCO DP) [1434m00115, SRIS SRG/14018]; European Union [280873 ADITEC]; Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita, Ricerca (MIUR) [RBAP11S8C3] FX M.P. is supported by Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Vignola (Italy); V.A. and D.S. are supported by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR; project ANR-14-CE14-0030-01) and the Fondation Recherche Medicale (project DEQ20120323690); D.F. is supported by NIH grants R21 AI096446, R21 AG042826, and R56 AG032576; T.F. has received grants from by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (No. 106634 and 106701), the Universite de Sherbrooke, and the Research Center on Aging; A.L. is supported by SIgN and the Agency for Science Technology and Research (JCO DP # 1434m00115 and SRIS SRG/14018); B.W. has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under Grant Agreement No: 280873 ADITEC; A.C. has been supported by Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita, Ricerca (MIUR grant RBAP11S8C3). NR 180 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-2980 EI 1521-4141 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 46 IS 10 BP 2286 EP 2301 DI 10.1002/eji.201546178 PG 16 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DZ9VV UT WOS:000386229600002 PM 27595500 ER PT J AU Stevens, MJ Saleh, OA AF Stevens, M. J. Saleh, O. A. TI Simulations of stretching a flexible polyelectrolyte with varying charge separation SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POLYMERS; CHAINS AB We calculated the force-extension curves for a flexible polyelectrolyte chain with varying charge separations by performing Monte Carlo simulations of a 5000 bead chain using a screened Coulomb interaction. At all charge separations, the force-extension curves exhibit a Pincus-like scaling regime at intermediate forces and a logarithmic regime at large forces. As the charge separation increases, the Pincus regime shifts to a larger range of forces and the logarithmic regime starts are larger forces. We also found that force-extension curve for the corresponding neutral chain has a logarithmic regime. Decreasing the diameter of bead in the neutral chain simulations removed the logarithmic regime, and the force-extension curve tends to the freely jointed chain limit. This result shows that only excluded volume is required for the high force logarithmic regime to occur. C1 [Stevens, M. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800,MS 1315, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Saleh, O. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Saleh, O. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, BMSE Program, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Stevens, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800,MS 1315, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU United States Department of Energy [DE -AC04-94AL85000]; US Department of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; National Science Foundation [DMR-1309414] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE -AC04-94AL85000. This work was performed at the US Department of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories. Additionally, Saleh was supported by the National Science Foundation under award No. DMR-1309414. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 EI 1951-6401 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 225 IS 8-9 BP 1683 EP 1692 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2016-60113-0 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EA0HK UT WOS:000386267000022 ER PT J AU Salerno, KM Agrawal, A Peters, BL Perahia, D Grest, GS AF Salerno, K. Michael Agrawal, Anupriya Peters, Brandon L. Perahia, Dvora Grest, Gary S. TI Dynamics in entangled polyethylene melts SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID COARSE-GRAINING PROCEDURE; LINEAR POLYMER MELTS; NEUTRON SPIN-ECHO; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FORCE-FIELD; CHAIN DIMENSIONS; N-ALKANES; SIMULATIONS; MODEL; REPTATION AB Polymer dynamics creates distinctive viscoelastic behavior as a result of a coupled interplay of motion at the atomic length scale and motion of the entire macromolecule. Capturing the broad time and length scales of polymeric motion however, remains a challenge. Using linear polyethylene as a model system, we probe the effects of the degree of coarse graining on polymer dynamics. Coarse-grained (CG) potentials are derived using iterative Boltzmann inversion with. methylene groups per CG bead (denoted CG.) with lambda = 2, 3,4 and 6 from a fully-atomistic polyethylene melt simulation. By rescaling time in the CG models by a factor a, the chain mobility for the atomistic and CG models match. We show that independent of the degree of coarse graining, all measured static and dynamic properties are essentially the same once the dynamic scaling factor a and a non-crossing constraint for the CG6 model are included. The speedup of the CG4 model is about 3 times that of the CG3 model and is comparable to that of the CG6 model. Using these CG models we were able to reach times of over 500 mu s, allowing us to measure a number of quantities, including the stress relaxation function, plateau modulus and shear viscosity, and compare directly to experiment. C1 [Salerno, K. Michael; Peters, Brandon L.; Grest, Gary S.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Agrawal, Anupriya] Washington Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Perahia, Dvora] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Salerno, KM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; [DE-SC007908] FX DP acknowledge financial support from Grant No. DE-SC007908 and an allotment of time on the Clemson University Palmetto cluster. This research used resources at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was supported by the Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Research was carried out in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 EI 1951-6401 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 225 IS 8-9 BP 1707 EP 1722 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2016-60142-7 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EA0HK UT WOS:000386267000024 ER PT J AU Pacalin, NM Leon, L Tirrell, M AF Pacalin, Naomi M. Leon, Lorraine Tirrell, Matthew TI Directing the phase behavior of polyelectrolyte complexes using chiral patterned peptides SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED-RELEASE; COACERVATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ENCAPSULATION; PROTEINS; DRIVEN; ACIDS AB Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) have a broad range of promising applications as soft materials due to their self-assembly and diversity of structure and chemical composition. Peptide polymer PECs are highly biocompatible and biodegradable, making them particularly useful for encapsulation of food additives and flavors, micellar drug delivery, medical and underwater adhesives, fetal membrane patches, and scaffolds for cell growth in tissue engineering. While parameters affecting PEC formation and stability in regards to charge effects are well researched, little is known about the effects of van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonding, and secondary structure in these materials. Peptide chirality provides a unique opportunity to manipulate PEC phase to modulate the amount of solid-like (precipitate) or liquid-like (coacervate) character by influencing hydrogen bonding interactions among peptide chains. In previous work, we showed that chiral peptides form solid complexes, while complexes with even one racemic peptide were fluid. This raised the interesting question of how long a homochiral sequence must be to result in solid phase formation. In this work, we designed chiral patterned peptides of polyglutamic acid and polylysine ranging from 50 to 90% L-chiral residues with increasing numbers of sequential L-chiral residues before a chirality change. These polymers were mixed together to form PECs. We observed that 8 or more sequential L-chiral residues are necessary to achieve both the appearance of a precipitate phase and sustained beta-sheets in the complex, as determined by optical imaging and FTIR Spectroscopy. Less homochiral content results in formation of a coacervate phase. Thus, we show that chiral sequence can be used to control the phase transition of PECs. Understanding how to manipulate PEC phase using chiral sequence as presented here may enable tuning of the material properties to achieve the desired mechanical strength for coatings and polymer brushes, or the most effective molecular release kinetics for drug delivery applications, for example. C1 [Pacalin, Naomi M.; Leon, Lorraine; Tirrell, Matthew] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Leon, Lorraine; Tirrell, Matthew] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tirrell, M (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.; Tirrell, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mtirrell@uchicago.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Program in Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Program in Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. The authors would also like to acknowledge Ryan Klein for initial contributions to this project in the form of chiral patterned peptide synthesis and polyelectrolyte complex characterization and Michael Lueckheide for assisting with GPC measurements. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 EI 1951-6401 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 225 IS 8-9 BP 1805 EP 1815 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2016-60149-6 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA EA0HK UT WOS:000386267000031 ER PT J AU Candy, JV AF Candy, J. V. TI Broadband Processing in a Noisy Shallow Ocean Environment: A Particle Filtering Approach SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Broadband Bayesian processor; information theory; Kullback-Leibler divergence; littoral region; normal modes; particle filter (PF); performance metrics; sequential detection; sequential Monte Carlo (MC) ID DOMAIN SIGNAL TRANSMISSION; MODEL-BASED APPROACH; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; TIME-DOMAIN; SOURCE LOCATION; WAVE-GUIDE AB When a broadband source propagates sound in a shallow ocean the received data can become quite complicated due to temperature-related sound-speed variations and therefore a highly dispersive environment. Noise and uncertainties disrupt this already chaotic environment even further because disturbances propagate through the same inherent acoustic channel. The broadband (signal) estimation/detection problem can be decomposed into a set of narrowband solutions that are processed separately and then combined to achieve more enhancement of signal levels than that available from a single frequency, thereby allowing more information to be extracted leading to a more reliable source detection. A Bayesian solution to the broadband modal function tracking, pressure-field enhancement, and source detection problem is developed that leads to nonparametric estimates of desired posterior distributions enabling the estimation of useful statistics and an improved processor/detector. To investigate the processor capabilities, we synthesize an ensemble of noisy, broadband, shallow-ocean measurements to evaluate its overall performance using an information theoretical metric for the preprocessor and the receiver operating characteristic curve for the detector. C1 [Candy, J. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM candy1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0364-9059 EI 1558-1691 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 794 EP 809 DI 10.1109/JOE.2016.2521243 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA DZ9YH UT WOS:000386238000008 ER PT J AU Wilke, RHT Baker, A Brown-Shaklee, H Johnson-Wilke, R Hettler, C Murata, T O'Malley, P Perini, S Lanagan, M AF Wilke, Rudeger H. T. Baker, Amanda Brown-Shaklee, Harlan Johnson-Wilke, Raegan Hettler, Chad Murata, Takashi O'Malley, Patrick Perini, Steve Lanagan, Michael TI Fabrication of Wound Capacitors Using Flexible Alkali-Free Glass SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Capacitors; electronic components; power capacitors ID TEMPERATURE AB Alkali-free glasses, which exhibit high energy storage densities (similar to 35 J/cc), present a unique opportunity to couple high temperature stability with high breakdown strength, and thus provide an avenue for capacitor applications with stringent temperature and power requirements. Realizing the potential of these materials in kilovolt class capacitors with >1 J/cc recoverable energy density requires novel packaging strategies that incorporate these extremely fragile dielectrics. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating wound capacitors using 50-mu m-thick glass. Two capacitors were fabricated from 2.8-m-long ribbons of thin (50 mu m) glass wound into 125-140-mm-diameter spools. The capacitors exhibit a capacitance of 70-75 nF with loss tangents below 1%. The wound capacitors can operate up to 1 kV and show excellent temperature stability to 150 degrees C. By improving the end terminations, the self-resonance can be shifted to above 1 MHz, indicating that these materials may be useful for pulsed power applications with microsecond discharge times. C1 [Wilke, Rudeger H. T.; Brown-Shaklee, Harlan; Johnson-Wilke, Raegan; Hettler, Chad; O'Malley, Patrick] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Baker, Amanda; Perini, Steve; Lanagan, Michael] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Murata, Takashi] Nippon Elect Glass, Otsu, Shiga 5208639, Japan. RP Wilke, RHT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rhwilke@sandia.gov FU Sandia National Laboratories, a Multi- Program Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Department of Energy Office of Vehicle Technologies FX This work was supported by Sandia National Laboratories, a Multi- Program Laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work of S. Perini and M. Lanagan was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Vehicle Technologies. Recommended for publication by Associate Editor P. McCluskey upon evaluation of reviewers' comments. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3950 EI 2156-3985 J9 IEEE T COMP PACK MAN JI IEEE Trans. Compon. Pack. Manuf. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1555 EP 1560 DI 10.1109/TCPMT.2016.2600946 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DZ9UB UT WOS:000386224000012 ER PT J AU Suh, J Hong, J Franc, J Bolotnikov, AE Hossain, A James, RB Kim, K AF Suh, Jonghee Hong, Jinki Franc, J. Bolotnikov, A. E. Hossain, A. James, Ralph. B. Kim, Kihyun TI Tellurium Secondary-Phase Defects in CdZnTe and their Association With the 1.1-eV Deep Trap SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CdZnTe; I-DLTS; Te inclusions; Te secondary-phase defects; 1.1-eV traps ID DETECTORS; ENERGY; CDTE AB Defects located at the EC - 1.1 (eV) level, which are electro-optically active deep traps, generally have been overlooked since their presence cannot be detected except for those in highly resistive CdTe compounds. The origin of this trap is still debated on whether it is from Te vacancies or from dislocations induced by secondary phase defects in Te. We have grown high-resistivity Te-rich CZT ingots to clarify the origin of the 1.1 eV defects and to analyze the defect levels in the CZT samples by current deep level transient spectroscopy (I-DLTS) and photoluminescence (PL). From the analysis, defect levels such as shallow acceptor/donor, A-centers, Cd vacancies and Te antisite appeared to be in both high and low concentrations of Te inclusions, but the level of 1.1-eV defects exhibited dependence on the density of Te inclusion in the CZT samples. We also evaluated the effect of the 1.1-eV deep-level defects on the detector's performance in point view of carrier trapping and de-trapping. C1 [Suh, Jonghee; Hong, Jinki] Korea Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Chungnam 136713, South Korea. [Franc, J.] Charles Univ Prague, Inst Phys, Fac Math & Phys, Ke Karlovu 5, Prague 12116, Czech Republic. [Bolotnikov, A. E.; Hossain, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [James, Ralph. B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Kim, Kihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Radiol Sci, Seoul 136713, South Korea. RP Kim, K (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Radiol Sci, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM khkim1@korea.ac.kr RI Franc, Jan/C-3802-2017 OI Franc, Jan/0000-0002-9493-3973 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korean government (MSIP) [NRF-2015M2B2A9032788, NRF-2015M2A2A4A01045094]; U.S. DOE/NNSA Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation RD FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (NRF-2015M2B2A9032788, NRF-2015M2A2A4A01045094), and by the U.S. DOE/NNSA Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation R&D. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 63 IS 5 BP 2657 EP 2661 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2598743 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DZ9VM UT WOS:000386228400007 ER PT J AU Persaud, A Regis, MJ Stettler, MW Vytla, VK AF Persaud, A. Regis, M. J. Stettler, M. W. Vytla, V. K. TI Control Infrastructure for a Pulsed Ion Accelerator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Accelerator; Controls; LabVIEW; NoSQL; Python; ZMQ AB We report on updates to the accelerator controls for the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment II, a pulsed induction-type accelerator for heavy ions. The control infrastructure is built around a LabVIEW interface combined with an Apache Cassandra backend for data archiving. Recent upgrades added the storing and retrieving of device settings into the database, as well as ZeroMQ as a message broker that replaces LabVIEW's shared variables. Converting to ZeroMQ also allows easy access via other programming languages, such as Python. C1 [Persaud, A.; Regis, M. J.; Stettler, M. W.; Vytla, V. K.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Persaud, A (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM apersaud@lbl.gov OI Persaud, Arun/0000-0003-3186-8358 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 63 IS 5 BP 2677 EP 2681 DI 10.1109/TNS.2016.2594243 PN 2 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA DZ9VM UT WOS:000386228400010 ER PT J AU Huang, TT Chang, CY Lohman, JR Rudolf, JD Kim, YC Chang, C Yang, D Ma, M Yan, XH Crnovcic, I Bigelow, L Clancy, S Bingman, CA Yennamalli, RM Babnigg, G Joachimiak, A Phillips, GN Shen, B AF Huang, Tingting Chang, Chin-Yuan Lohman, Jeremy R. Rudolf, Jeffrey D. Kim, Youngchang Chang, Changsoo Yang, Dong Ma, Ming Yan, Xiaohui Crnovcic, Ivana Bigelow, Lance Clancy, Shonda Bingman, Craig A. Yennamalli, Ragothaman M. Babnigg, Gyorgy Joachimiak, Andrzej Phillips, George N. Shen, Ben TI Crystal structure of SgcJ, an NTF2-like superfamily protein involved in biosynthesis of the nine-membered enediyne antitumor antibiotic C-1027 SO JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS LA English DT Article ID POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE CALE8; GENE-CLUSTER; STREPTOMYCES-GLOBISPORUS; ANTICANCER DRUG; MODEL; DOMAIN; CORE; PCR; OCTAKETIDE; PREDICTION AB Comparative analysis of the enediyne biosynthetic gene clusters revealed sets of conserved genes serving as outstanding candidates for the enediyne core. Here we report the crystal structures of SgcJ and its homologue NCS-Orf16, together with gene inactivation and site-directed mutagenesis studies, to gain insight into enediyne core biosynthesis. Gene inactivation in vivo establishes that SgcJ is required for C-1027 production in Streptomyces globisporus. SgcJ and NCS-Orf16 share a common structure with the nuclear transport factor 2-like superfamily of proteins, featuring a putative substrate binding or catalytic active site. Site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved residues lining this site allowed us to propose that SgcJ and its homologues may play a catalytic role in transforming the linear polyene intermediate, along with other enediyne polyketide synthaseassociated enzymes, into an enzyme-sequestered enediyne core intermediate. These findings will help formulate hypotheses and design experiments to ascertain the function of SgcJ and its homologues in nine-membered enediyne core biosynthesis. C1 [Huang, Tingting; Chang, Chin-Yuan; Lohman, Jeremy R.; Rudolf, Jeffrey D.; Yang, Dong; Ma, Ming; Yan, Xiaohui; Crnovcic, Ivana; Shen, Ben] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, 130 Scripps Way,3A1, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Babnigg, Gyorgy; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Univ Chicago, Ctr Struct Genom Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Chang, Changsoo; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Chang, Changsoo; Bigelow, Lance; Clancy, Shonda; Babnigg, Gyorgy; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bingman, Craig A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Phillips, George N.] Rice Univ, BioSci Rice, Houston, TX USA. [Phillips, George N.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX USA. [Shen, Ben] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Therapeut, Jupiter, FL USA. [Shen, Ben] Scripps Res Inst, Nat Prod Lib Initiat, Jupiter, FL USA. [Huang, Tingting] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Lohman, Jeremy R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biochem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yennamalli, Ragothaman M.] Jaypee Univ Informat Technol, Biotechnol & Bioinformat, Waknaghat 173234, Himachal Prades, India. RP Shen, B (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, 130 Scripps Way,3A1, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. FU Academia Sinica-The Scripps Research Institute Postdoctoral Talent Development Program; German Research Foundation postdoctoral fellowship; US National Institute of General Medical Science Protein Structure Initiative [GM094585, GM098248]; US National Institutes of Health [GM109456, CA078747, GM115575]; US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is supported in part by a fellowship of Academia Sinica-The Scripps Research Institute Postdoctoral Talent Development Program (to C-YC), a German Research Foundation postdoctoral fellowship (to IC), US National Institute of General Medical Science Protein Structure Initiative Grants GM094585 (to AJ) and GM098248 (to GNP) and US National Institutes of Health Grants GM109456 (to GNP), CA078747 (to BS) and GM115575 (to BS). The use of Structural Biology Center beamlines at the Advanced Photon Source was supported in part by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOC PI TOKYO PA 2 20 8 KAMIOSAKI SHINAGAWA KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0021-8820 J9 J ANTIBIOT JI J. Antibiot. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 IS 10 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1038/ja.2016.88 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EA0ZJ UT WOS:000386317800002 PM 27406907 ER PT J AU Lumetta, GJ Arcia, E AF Lumetta, Gregg J. Arcia, Edgar TI Investigating Dissolution and Precipitation Phenomena with a Smartphone Microscope SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Elementary/Middle School Science; High School/Introductory Chemistry; Laboratory Instruction; Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives; Inquiry-Based/Discovery Learning; Crystals/Crystallography; Laboratory Equipment/Apparatus; Phases/Phase Transitions/Diagrams; Physical Properties; Precipitation/Solubility ID NUCLEATION; PATHWAYS; BUBBLES AB A novel smartphone microscope can be used to observe the dissolution and crystallization of sodium chloride at a microscopic level. Observation of these seemingly simple phenomena through the microscope at 100x magnification can actually reveal some surprising behavior. These experiments offer the opportunity to discuss some basic concepts such as how the morphological features of the crystals dictate how the dissolution process proceeds, and how materials can be purified by recrystallization techniques. C1 [Lumetta, Gregg J.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Arcia, Edgar] Tricities Prep, 9612 St Thomas Dr, Pasco, WA 99301 USA. RP Lumetta, GJ (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM gregg.lumetta@pnnl.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 EI 1938-1328 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 93 IS 10 BP 1754 EP 1759 DI 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00248 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA DZ5LH UT WOS:000385903100011 ER PT J AU Kelly, P Mapes, B AF Kelly, Patrick Mapes, Brian TI February Drying in Southeastern Brazil and the Australian Monsoon: Global Mechanism for a Regional Rainfall Feature SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; MIDLATITUDE JET VARIABILITY; COMMUNITY ATMOSPHERE MODEL; ZONALLY ASYMMETRIC TORQUES; ATLANTIC CONVERGENCE ZONE; ROSSBY-WAVE PROPAGATION; SUBTROPICAL ANTICYCLONES; TROPOSPHERIC RESPONSE; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; MIDSUMMER DROUGHT AB A dry February rainfall signal in southeastern Brazil is shown to be a robust, repeatable feature of climatology. This February depression or minimum in climatological rain curves has an amplitude of about 30% of the seasonal mean and coincides with a poleward excursion of tropical barotropic easterlies to about 25 degrees S in austral midsummer. Momentum budget decomposition indicates that stationary eddy momentum flux [u*v*] near 150 hPa in Australian longitudes is a main sink in that latitude belt's zonal momentum budget. Aphysical linkage among these phenomena is suggested by statistically significant interannual correlations among February anomalies of southeastern Brazil rainfall, zonal-mean zonal wind, and indices of the Australian monsoon. To test a causality hypothesis that the sharply peaked Australian region monsoon drives the sharp climatological dry signal over Brazil, an observation-inspired tropospheric heating signal near Australia is added to the temperature equation of the full-physics Community Atmosphere Model. Results indicate the near linearity of the global subtropical responses for the modest (roughly 1 and 2 K day(-1)) magnitudes and scales of imposed heating. Consistent with the hypothesis, this imposed heating robustly causes easterly changes to subtropical, barotropic, zonal-mean momentum, a westward displacement of the mean synoptic-scale pattern in the western Atlantic (the western edge of the subtropical high), and reduced rainfall in southeastern Brazil. These results are closely analogous to the previous findings on a related boreal summer subtropical signal. C1 [Kelly, Patrick; Mapes, Brian] Univ Miami, Dept Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Kelly, Patrick] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Kelly, P (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.; Kelly, P (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM pkelly@rsmas.miami.edu FU NSF [0731520]; ONR [N000141310704]; National Science Foundation FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from NSF Grant 0731520 and ONR Grant N000141310704. Computing resources were provided by the University of Miami's Center for Computational Science (CCS) as well as NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 29 IS 20 BP 7529 EP 7546 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0838.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DZ9OC UT WOS:000386205200004 ER PT J AU Stegall, DE Elmustafa, AA AF Stegall, D. E. Elmustafa, A. A. TI Activation volume of pure face centered cubic metals using uniaxial testing and nanoindentation equipped with high load capability SO MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS LA English DT Article DE activation volume; nanoindentation; nanohardness ID COTTRELL-STOKES-LAW; STRAIN-RATE SENSITIVITY; FCC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; GRADIENT PLASTICITY; DEFORMATION; HARDNESS; COPPER; STRESS; DEPTH AB Activation volume data measured using uniaxial testing are compared with activation volume data measured using nanoindentation equipped with high load capability that can reach 10 N for Al, Ag, and Ni FCC metals. The data when plotted V*/b(3) versus H (hardness), extrapolated into literature data from conventional uniaxial testing. V*/b(3) is shown to be sensitive to H. This is consistent with the theory of the accumulation of dislocations with strain hardening which results in smaller activation area swept out by dislocations during activation. C1 [Stegall, D. E.; Elmustafa, A. A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Stegall, D. E.; Elmustafa, A. A.] Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Appl Res Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Elmustafa, AA (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.; Elmustafa, AA (reprint author), Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Appl Res Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM aelmusta@odu.edu NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2053-1591 J9 MATER RES EXPRESS JI Mater. Res. Express PD OCT PY 2016 VL 3 IS 10 AR 105024 DI 10.1088/2053-1591/3/10/105024 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EA2TZ UT WOS:000386449100001 ER PT J AU Kerfeld, CA AF Kerfeld, Cheryl A. TI Rewiring Escherichia coli for carbon-dioxide fixation SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB Engineering bacteria to convert carbon dioxide into sugar may enable diverse biotechnological applications. C1 [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biophys & Bioimaging Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kerfeld, CA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.; Kerfeld, CA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biophys & Bioimaging Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ckerfeld@lbl.gov OI kerfeld, cheryl/0000-0002-9977-8482 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 EI 1546-1696 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 34 IS 10 BP 1035 EP 1036 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EA0ZG UT WOS:000386317500016 PM 27727207 ER PT J AU Russ, B Glaudell, A Urban, JJ Chabinyc, ML Segalman, RA AF Russ, Boris Glaudell, Anne Urban, Jeffrey J. Chabinyc, Michael L. Segalman, Rachel A. TI Organic thermoelectric materials for energy harvesting and temperature control SO NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS LA English DT Review ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CONDUCTING POLYMER POLY(3,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE); ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; METAL-INSULATOR BOUNDARY; 25TH ANNIVERSARY ARTICLE; THIN-FILMS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SEEBECK COEFFICIENT; CARBON NANOTUBES AB Conjugated polymers and related processing techniques have been developed for organic electronic devices ranging from lightweight photovoltaics to flexible displays. These breakthroughs have recently been used to create organic thermoelectric materials, which have potential for wearable heating and cooling devices, and near-room-temperature energy generation. So far, the best thermoelectric materials have been inorganic compounds (such as Bi2Te3) that have relatively low Earth abundance and are fabricated through highly complex vacuum processing routes. Molecular materials and hybrid organic-inorganic materials now demonstrate figures of merit approaching those of these inorganic materials, while also exhibiting unique transport behaviours that are suggestive of optimization pathways and device geometries that were not previously possible. In this Review, we discuss recent breakthroughs for organic materials with high thermoelectric figures of merit and indicate how these materials may be incorporated into new module designs that take advantage of their mechanical and thermoelectric properties. C1 [Russ, Boris; Urban, Jeffrey J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Glaudell, Anne; Chabinyc, Michael L.; Segalman, Rachel A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Segalman, Rachel A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Urban, JJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Chabinyc, ML; Segalman, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Segalman, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM jjurban@lbl.gov; mchabinyc@engineering.ucsb.edu; segalman@ucsb.edu NR 157 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 76 U2 76 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2058-8437 J9 NAT REV MATER JI Nat. Rev. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 1 IS 10 AR 16050 DI 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.50 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EA0ET UT WOS:000386259300001 ER PT J AU Connolly, KJ Huning, AJ Rahnema, F Garimella, S AF Connolly, Kevin John Huning, Alexander J. Rahnema, Farzad Garimella, Srinivas TI A Coarse-Mesh Coupled Neutronics and Thermal Fluids Method for Prismatic Cores SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Neutronics; HTGR; whole-core transport ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTOR; FLOW; HEAT; VHTR AB A newly developed coupled neutronic thermal-hydraulic method for prismatic high temperature gas reactors (HTGRs) is presented with accompanying results for several prismatic core configurations and numerical sensitivity studies. The principal advantage of the new method is the determination of coupled, whole-core temperature and pin power distributions with reduced computational effort over other available codes. The coarse-mesh radiation transport method (COMET), which relies solely on radiation transport, is the component of the new method used to compute neutronic parameters. A three-dimensional unit-cell based thermal fluids solver is used to compute steady-state thermal-hydraulic parameters. For both component methods, no geometric approximations or averaging schemes are necessary. Convergence of the neutronic and thermal-hydraulic components and the coupled method is discussed, and coupled analyses are presented. The calculation of whole-core solutions allows for unique insights not possible with limited domain tools such as computational fluid dynamics. Results from one such unique study, near-critical control rod movements, are presented in this paper. Comparisons between coupled and uncoupled analyses are also presented. C1 [Rahnema, Farzad] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch, Med Phys Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Connolly, Kevin John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Rahnema, F (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM farzad@gatech.edu FU Nuclear Energy University Program [DE-AC07-05ID14517 (09-396)]; COMET FX This work was supported by Nuclear Energy University Program award DE-AC07-05ID14517 (project 09-396). Author F. R. owns equity in a company that has licensed the COMET technologies from Georgia Institute of Technology. This study, which is a demonstration of COMET, could affect his personal financial status. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by Georgia Institute of Technology in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 EI 1943-748X J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 184 IS 2 BP 228 EP 243 DI 10.13182/NSE15-105 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EA2GS UT WOS:000386411400006 ER PT J AU Chambers, DH Chandrasekaran, H Walston, SE AF Chambers, David H. Chandrasekaran, Hema Walston, Sean E. TI Fourier Method for Calculating Fission Chain Neutron Multiplicity Distributions SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Fission chains; neutron multiplicity; Fourier transform AB A new way of utilizing the fast Fourier transform is developed to compute the probability distribution for a fission chain to create n neutrons. We then extend this technique to compute the probability distributions for detecting n neutrons. Our technique can be used for fission chains initiated by either a single neutron inducing a fission or by the spontaneous fission of another isotope. C1 [Chambers, David H.; Chandrasekaran, Hema; Walston, Sean E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Walston, SE (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM walston2@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency [DTRA10027-10273] FX A draft of this paper has Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) document number LLNL-JRNL-668317. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency under DTRA10027-10273. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 EI 1943-748X J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 184 IS 2 BP 244 EP 253 DI 10.13182/NSE15-109 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EA2GS UT WOS:000386411400007 ER PT J AU Chaleff, ES Blue, T Sabharwall, P AF Chaleff, Ethan S. Blue, Thomas Sabharwall, Piyush TI Radiation Heat Transfer in the Molten Salt FLiNaK SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Molten salt; radiation heat transfer; FLiNaK ID FLUORIDE AB The molten fluoride salt eutectic LiF-NaF-KF (FLiNaK) has been proposed as a coolant for use in Generation IV reactors designed to operate at temperatures at which radiation heat transfer (RHT) may be significant. Little research has been performed into the absorption coefficient of FLiNaK as it pertains to thermal RHT. An estimate of the spectral absorption coefficient for FLiNaK has been generated using informed assumptions and existing data for the constituent salts. The effect of heat transfer, as it pertains to flowing salt in circular cross-section pipes with heated walls, has been investigated for laminar flow using a mathematical model. The combined energy equation, in various geometries, was solved for laminar flow, with the radiative heat flux calculated using the differential approximation. The percentage of energy transferred by radiation to the salt was found to be primarily a function of pipe diameter, wall temperature, and the salt absorption coefficient. A map of temperatures and pipe diameters has been generated, which indicates where RHT is significant. A correlation has been proposed, based on the mathematical model, to account for increase in Nusselt number due to radiation. Additional discussion is included on the effects of wall emissivity and high Reynolds flows. C1 [Chaleff, Ethan S.; Blue, Thomas] Ohio State Univ, 201 West 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Sabharwall, Piyush] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Chaleff, ES (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, 201 West 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM chaleff.1@osu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Engineering University Programs Fellowship FX The author would like to thank the U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Engineering University Programs Fellowship for supporting this work. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 196 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.13182/NT16-52 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EA2HE UT WOS:000386412600004 ER PT J AU Urso, K Sridharan, K Jaques, BJ Alanko, G Butt, DP Meyer, M Xu, P Tyburska-Puschel, B AF Urso, K. Sridharan, K. Jaques, B. J. Alanko, G. Butt, D. P. Meyer, M. Xu, P. Tyburska-Puschel, B. TI High-Temperature Corrosion Testing of Uranium Silicide Surrogates SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cerium silicide; water corrosion; surrogate ID SYSTEM; WATER AB The corrosion resistance of cerium silicide, a surrogate of uranium silicide, is investigated to gain insight into the reaction of uranium silicide with water. As-received and proton-irradiated Ce3Si2, CeSi2, and CeSi1x monolithic pellets are subjected to corrosion tests in water at 300 degrees C and 9 MPa for up to 48 h. Results show that an oxide layer composed of Ce-4.67(SiO4)(3)O forms on the surface of all samples, and it grows thicker with extended exposure times. Irradiated samples corrode to a greater extent than their unirradiated counterparts, which is mainly a result of the existing post-irradiation cerium oxide and the presence of ion-induced defects. Most of the Ce3Si2 samples crack (as-received) or fracture (ion-irradiated) during testing, which is due to the brittleness of the samples and oxide erosion/spallation that occur during testing. C1 [Urso, K.; Sridharan, K.; Tyburska-Puschel, B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jaques, B. J.; Alanko, G.; Butt, D. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Jaques, B. J.; Alanko, G.; Butt, D. P.] Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Meyer, M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Xu, P.] Westinghouse Elect Co LLC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Tyburska-Puschel, B (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM tyburska@engr.wisc.edu OI Meyer, Mitchell/0000-0002-1980-7862; Jaques, Brian/0000-0002-5324-555X FU U.S. Department of Energy under Nuclear Energy University Program [11-3041]; National Science Foundation [DMR-1121288] FX This project is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Nuclear Energy University Program award 11-3041. The instrumentation support is provided by National Science Foundation grant DMR-1121288. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 196 IS 1 BP 100 EP 110 DI 10.13182/NT15-155 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EA2HE UT WOS:000386412600008 ER PT J AU Dunzik-Gougar, ML van Rooyen, IJ Hill, CM Trowbridge, T Madden, J Burns, J AF Dunzik-Gougar, M. L. van Rooyen, I. J. Hill, C. M. Trowbridge, T. Madden, J. Burns, J. TI Sample Preparation Techniques for Grain Boundary Characterization of Annealed TRISO-Coated Particles SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Silicon carbide; focused ion beam; grain boundary character ID FUEL-PARTICLES; AGR-1 EXPERIMENT; SILVER; EBSD; MICROSTRUCTURE; DIFFUSION AB Crystallographic information about layers of silicon carbide (SiC) deposited by chemical vapor deposition is essential to understanding layer performance, especially when the the layers are in nonplanar geometries (e.g., spherical). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to analyze spherical SiC layers using a different sampling approach that applied focused ion beam (FIB) milling to avoid the negative impacts of traditional sample polishing and address the need for very small samples of irradiated materials for analysis. The mechanical and chemical grinding and polishing of sample surfaces can introduce lattice strain and result in the unequal removal of SiC and the surrounding layers of different materials due to the hardness differences among these materials. The nature of layer interfaces is thought to play a key role in the performance of SiC; therefore, the analysis of representative samples at these interfacial areas is crucial. In the work reported herein, a FIB was employed in a novel manner to prepare a more representative sample for EBSD analysis from tristructural-isotropic layers that are free of effects introduced by mechanical and chemical preparation methods. In addition, the difficulty of handling neutron-irradiated microscopic samples (such as those analyzed in this work) has been simplified using pretilted mounting stages. The results showed that while the average grain sizes of samples may be similar, the grain boundary characteristics can differ significantly. Furthermore, low-angle grain boundaries comprised 25% of all boundaries in the FIB-prepared sample compared to only 1% to 2% in the polished sample from the same particle. This study demonstrated that the characterization results from FIB-prepared samples provide more repeatable results due to the elimination of the effects of sample preparation. C1 [Dunzik-Gougar, M. L.; Hill, C. M.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn & Hlth Phys, Idaho Falls, ID 83209 USA. [van Rooyen, I. J.; Hill, C. M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Trowbridge, T.; Madden, J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Fabricat & Characterizat Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Burns, J.] Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. [Burns, J.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. RP Dunzik-Gougar, ML (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn & Hlth Phys, Idaho Falls, ID 83209 USA. EM mldg@isu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office as part of the Very High Temperature Reactor Development Program [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office as part of an Advanced Test Reactor Nuclear Science User Facilities Experiment FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517, as part of the Very High Temperature Reactor Development Program and as part of an Advanced Test Reactor Nuclear Science User Facilities Experiment. We thank B. Coryell for his work on Fig. 3 and J. I. Cole for his review of this paper. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 196 IS 1 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.13182/NT15-129 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA EA2HE UT WOS:000386412600009 ER PT J AU Taufer, M Balaji, P Matsuoka, S AF Taufer, Michela Balaji, Pavan Matsuoka, Satoshi TI Special Issue on Cluster Computing SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Editorial Material DE Cluster Computing AB This special issue features papers that extend the state of art in various aspects of cluster computing. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Taufer, Michela] Univ Delaware, Comp & Informat Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Taufer, Michela] Univ Delaware, Biomed Dept, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Taufer, Michela] Univ Delaware, Bioinformat Program, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Matsuoka, Satoshi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo, Japan. RP Taufer, M (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Comp & Informat Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.; Taufer, M (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Biomed Dept, Newark, DE 19716 USA.; Taufer, M (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Bioinformat Program, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM taufer@acm.org; balaji@anl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 25 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.09.001 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900002 ER PT J AU Aji, AM Pena, AJ Balaji, P Feng, WC AF Aji, Ashwin M. Pena, Antonio J. Balaji, Pavan Feng, Wu-chun TI MultiCL: Enabling automatic scheduling for task-parallel workloads in OpenCL SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE OpenCL; Runtime systems; Scheduling AB The OpenCL specification tightly binds a command queue to a specific device. For best performance, the user has to find the ideal queue-device mapping at command queue creation time, an effort that requires a thorough understanding of the underlying device architectures and kernels in the program. In this paper, we propose to add scheduling attributes to the OpenCL context and command queue objects that can be leveraged by an intelligent runtime scheduler to automatically perform ideal queuedevice mapping. Our proposed extensions enable the average OpenCL programmer to focus on the algorithm design rather than scheduling and to automatically gain performance without sacrificing programmability. As an example, we design and implement an OpenCL runtime for task-parallel workloads, called MultiCL, which efficiently schedules command queues across devices. Our case studies include the SNU benchmark suite and a real-world seismology simulation. To benefit from our runtime optimizations, users have to apply our proposed scheduler extensions to only four source lines of code, on average, in existing OpenCL applications. We evaluate both single-node and multinode experiments and also compare with SOCL, our closest related work. We show that MultiCL maps command queues to the optimal device set in most cases with negligible runtime overhead. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Aji, Ashwin M.] Adv Micro Devices Inc, AMD Res, Sunnyvale, CA 94088 USA. [Pena, Antonio J.] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, Barcelona, Spain. [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Feng, Wu-chun] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Feng, Wu-chun] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Aji, AM (reprint author), Adv Micro Devices Inc, AMD Res, Sunnyvale, CA 94088 USA. EM ashwin.aji@amd.com; apenya@mcs.anl.gov; balaji@mcs.anl.gov; feng@cs.vt.edu OI Pena Monferrer, Antonio J./0000-0002-3575-4617 FU DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; VT College of Engineering SCHEV grant; NSF [CNS-0960081]; NVIDIA Graduate Fellowship; NVIDIA Professor Partnership; CUDA Research Center at Virginia Tech; National Science Foundation [CNS-0960081]; DOE GTO from Fugro Consultants FX This work was supported in part by the DOE contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, DOE GTO via grant EE0002758 from Fugro Consultants, VT College of Engineering SCHEV grant, NSF grants CNS-0960081, an NVIDIA Graduate Fellowship, NVIDIA Professor Partnership, and CUDA Research Center at Virginia Tech. This research used the HokieSpeed heterogeneous computing resource at Virginia Tech, which is supported by the National Science Foundation under contract CNS-0960081. We thank Kaixi Hou for his efforts in porting the seismology simulation code to OpenCL. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 37 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.05.006 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900004 ER PT J AU Leon, EA Karlin, I Grant, RE Dosanjh, M AF Leon, Edgar A. Karlin, Ian Grant, Ryan E. Dosanjh, Matthew TI Program optimizations: The interplay between power, performance, and energy SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Optimization; Power; Energy; Performance AB Practical considerations for future supercomputer designs will impose limits on both instantaneous power consumption and total energy consumption. Working within these constraints while providing the maximum possible performance, application developers will need to optimize their code for speed alongside power and energy concerns. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of several code optimizations including loop fusion, data structure transformations, and global allocations. A per component measurement and analysis of different architectures is performed, enabling the examination of code optimizations on different compute subsystems. Using an explicit hydrodynamics proxy application from the U.S. Department of Energy, LULESH, we show how code optimizations impact different computational phases of the simulation. This provides insight for simulation developers into the best optimizations to use during particular simulation compute phases when optimizing code for future supercomputing platforms. We examine and contrast both x86 and Blue Gene architectures with respect to these optimizations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Leon, Edgar A.; Karlin, Ian] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Grant, Ryan E.; Dosanjh, Matthew] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Res Comp, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Leon, EA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM leon@llnl.gov; karlin1@llnl.gov; regrant@sandia.gov; mdosanj@sandia.gov FU LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-679744]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We would like to thank Bert Still for his guidance and suggestions. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-679744. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 56 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.05.004 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900005 ER PT J AU Agelastos, A Allan, B Brandt, J Gentile, A Lefantzi, S Monk, S Ogden, J Rajan, M Stevenson, J AF Agelastos, Anthony Allan, Benjamin Brandt, Jim Gentile, Ann Lefantzi, Sophia Monk, Steve Ogden, Jeff Rajan, Mahesh Stevenson, Joel TI Continuous whole-system monitoring toward rapid understanding of production HPC applications and systems SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE HPC monitoring; System profiling; Application profiling; Resource utilization scoring ID PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AB A detailed understanding of HPC applications' resource needs and their complex interactions with each other and HPC platform resources are critical to achieving scalability and performance. Such understanding has been difficult to achieve because typical application profiling tools do not capture the behaviors of codes under the potentially wide spectrum of actual production conditions and because typical monitoring tools do not capture system resource usage information with high enough fidelity to gain sufficient insight into application performance and demands. In this paper we present both system and application profiling results based on data obtained through synchronized system wide monitoring on a production HPC cluster at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). We demonstrate analytic and visualization techniques that we are using to characterize application and system resource usage under production conditions for better understanding of application resource needs. Our goals are to improve application performance (through understanding application-to-resource mapping and system throughput) and to ensure that future system capabilities match their intended workloads. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Agelastos, Anthony; Allan, Benjamin; Brandt, Jim; Gentile, Ann; Lefantzi, Sophia; Monk, Steve; Ogden, Jeff; Rajan, Mahesh; Stevenson, Joel] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gentile, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM amagela@sandia.gov; baallan@sandia.gov; brandt@sandia.gov; gentile@sandia.gov; slefant@sandia.gov; smonk@sandia.gov; jbogden@sandia.gov; mrajan@sandia.gov; josteve@sandia.gov FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors thank Ken Lord for feedback on improving the usefulness of profiles to users experiencing job failures due to OOM; John Noe for prompting the memory usage vs. throughput study; and Aidan Thompson, Michael Foster, and Dan Spataru for participation in that study. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 90 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.05.009 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900007 ER PT J AU Zhou, Z Yang, X Zhao, DF Rich, P Tang, W Wang, J Lan, ZL AF Zhou, Zhou Yang, Xu Zhao, Dongfang Rich, Paul Tang, Wei Wang, Jia Lan, Zhilin TI I/O-aware bandwidth allocation systems for petascale computing SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Job scheduling; Resource management; I/O congestion; Resource allocation AB In the Big Data era, the gap between the storage performance and an application's I/O requirement is increasing. I/O congestion caused by concurrent storage accesses from multiple applications is inevitable and severely harms the performance. Conventional approaches either focus on optimizing an application's access pattern individually or handle I/O requests on a low-level storage layer without any knowledge from the upper-level applications. In this paper, we present a novel I/O-aware bandwidth allocation framework to coordinate ongoing I/O requests on petascale computing systems. The motivation behind this innovation is that the resource management system has a holistic view of both the system state and jobs' activities and can dynamically control the jobs' status or allocate resource on the fly during their execution. We treat a job's I/O requests as periodical sub jobs within its lifecycle and transform the I/O congestion issue into a classical scheduling problem. Based on this model, we propose a bandwidth management mechanism as an extension to the existing scheduling system. We design several bandwidth allocation policies with different optimization objectives either on user-oriented metrics or system performance. We conduct extensive trace-based simulations using real job traces and I/O traces from a production IBM Blue Gene/Q system at Argonne National Laboratory. Experimental results demonstrate that our new design can improve job performance by more than 30%, as well as increasing system performance. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Zhou; Yang, Xu; Zhao, Dongfang; Wang, Jia; Lan, Zhilin] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Rich, Paul; Tang, Wei] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhou, Z (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM zzhou1@hawk.iit.edu FU US National Science Foundation [CNS-1320125, CCF-1422009]; DOE Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work at Illinois Institute of Technology is supported in part by US National Science Foundation grants CNS-1320125 and CCF-1422009. This research used data of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 107 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.05.005 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900008 ER PT J AU Azad, A Buluc, A AF Azad, Ariful Buluc, Aydin TI A matrix-algebraic formulation of distributed -memory maximal cardinality matching algorithms in bipartite graphs SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE cardinality matching; bipartite graph; parallel algorithm; matrix-algebra ID RELABEL BASED ALGORITHMS; PARALLEL; ARCHITECTURES AB We describe parallel algorithms for computing maximal cardinality matching in a bipartite graph on distributed-memory systems. Unlike traditional algorithms that match one vertex at a time, our algorithms process many unmatched vertices simultaneously using a matrix algebraic formulation of maximal matching. This generic matrix-algebraic framework is used to develop three efficient maximal matching algorithms with minimal changes. The newly developed algorithms have two benefits over existing graph-based algorithms. First, unlike existing parallel algorithms, cardinality of matching obtained by the new algorithms stays constant with increasing processor counts, which is important for predictable and reproducible performance. Second, relying on bulk-synchronous matrix operations, these algorithms expose a higher degree of parallelism on distributed-memory platforms than existing graph-based algorithms. We report high-performance implementations of three maximal matching algorithms using hybrid OpenMP-MPI and evaluate the performance of these algorithm using more than 35 real and randomly generated graphs. On real instances, our algorithms achieve up to 200 x speedup on 2048 cores of a Cray XC30 supercomputer. Even higher speedups are obtained on larger synthetically generated graphs where our algorithms show good scaling on up to 16,384 cores. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Azad, Ariful; Buluc, Aydin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Azad, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA USA. EM azad@lbl.gov; abuluc@lbl.gov FU Applied Mathematics Program of the DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is supported by the Applied Mathematics Program of the DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. We used resources of the NERSC supported by the Office of Science of the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 117 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.05.007 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900009 ER PT J AU Dai, D Carns, P Ross, RB Jenkins, J Muirhead, N Chen, Y AF Dai, Dong Carns, Philip Ross, Robert B. Jenkins, John Muirhead, Nicholas Chen, Yong TI An asynchronous traversal engine for graph-based rich metadata management SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Parallel file systems; Rich metadata management; Property graph; Graph traversal; Graph partitioning ID PROVENANCE; SCIENCE; MODELS AB Rich metadata in high-performance computing (HPC) systems contains extended information about users, jobs, data files, and their relationships. Property graphs are a promising data model to represent heterogeneous rich metadata flexibly. Specifically, a property graph can use vertices to represent different entities and edges to record the relationships between vertices with unique annotations. The high-volume HPC use case, with millions of entities and relationships, naturally requires an out-of-core distributed property graph database, which must support live updates (to ingest production information in real time), low-latency point queries (for frequent metadata operations such as permission checking), and large-scale traversals (for provenance data mining). Among these needs, large-scale property graph traversals are particularly challenging for distributed graph storage systems. Most existing graph systems implement a "level synchronous" breadth-first search algorithm that relies on global synchronization in each traversal step. This performs well in many problem domains; but a rich metadata management system is characterized by imbalanced graphs, long traversal lengths, and concurrent workloads, each of which has the potential to introduce or exacerbate stragglers (i.e., abnormally slow steps or servers in a graph traversal) that lead to low overall throughput for synchronous traversal algorithms. Previous research indicated that the straggler problem can be mitigated by using asynchronous traversal algorithms, and many graph-processing frameworks have successfully demonstrated this approach. Such systems require the graph to be loaded into a separate batch-processing framework instead of being iteratively accessed, however. In this work, we investigate a general asynchronous graph traversal engine that can operate atop a rich metadata graph in its native format. We outline a traversal-aware query language and key optimizations (traversal-affiliate caching and execution merging) necessary for efficient performance. We further explore the effect of different graph partitioning strategies on the traversal performance for both synchronous and asynchronous traversal engines. Our experiments show that the asynchronous graph traversal engine is more efficient than its synchronous counterpart in the case of HPC rich metadata processing, where more servers are involved and larger traversals are needed. Moreover, the asynchronous traversal engine is more adaptive to different graph partitioning strategies. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dai, Dong; Muirhead, Nicholas; Chen, Yong] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Carns, Philip; Ross, Robert B.; Jenkins, John] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM yong.chen@ttu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [CCF-1409946, CNS-1263183, CNS-1338078] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357; and by the National Science Foundation under grant CCF-1409946, CNS-1263183 and CNS-1338078. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 BP 140 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2016.06.002 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EA2JZ UT WOS:000386419900011 ER PT J AU Turner, DB Kelly, TD Peterson, GR Reding, JD Hengehold, RL Mann, JM Kolis, JW Zhang, X Dowben, PA Petrosky, JC AF Turner, D. B. Kelly, T. D. Peterson, G. R. Reding, J. D. Hengehold, R. L. Mann, J. M. Kolis, J. W. Zhang, X. Dowben, P. A. Petrosky, J. C. TI Electronic structure of hydrothermally synthesized single crystal U0.22Th0.78O2 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence; electronic properties; inverse photoemission; ThO2; ultraviolet photoemission; UO2 ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT REACTIONS; VALENCE-BAND PHOTOEMISSION; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; THORIUM CARBIDE; 1ST PRINCIPLES; UO2; THO2; GROWTH AB Single crystals of ThO2, UO2, and their solid solutions, UxTh1-xO2, have been obtained through various hydrothermal growth conditions. This technique offers the better of two other growth processes: (i) single crystal purity as by photochemical growth of nanocrystals; and (ii) large/bulk sizes as obtained by the arc melt method. The band gap of the UxTh1-xO2 single crystal solid solution, along with the luminescence transition, have been characterized. The occupied and unoccupied structures are determined using ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopy and the electronic band gap was measured to be 3-4eV. The strain of incorporating U into the ThO2 is analyzed through Vegard's law. In this crystal there are defect and impurity sites, likely arising from the kinetic growth process, giving rise to a similar yet slightly different optical gap evident with cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. There is a major luminescence feature spanning the range from 3.18 to 4.96eV (250-390nm) with a maximum at 4.09eV (303nm), corresponding with the measured electronic band gap. In this paper, the electronic properties of a solid solution U0.22Th0.78O2 are measured and interpreted compared to the pure actinide oxides, ThO2 and UO2. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Turner, D. B.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Kelly, T. D.; Peterson, G. R.; Reding, J. D.; Hengehold, R. L.; Petrosky, J. C.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Mann, J. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Zhang, X.; Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Theodore Jorgensen Hall,855 North 16th St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Turner, DB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM david.turner@afit.edu; james.petrosky@afit.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-14-1-0041]; Nebraska Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [NSF-DMR-1420645] FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (grant no. HDTRA1-14-1-0041) and the Nebraska Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF-DMR-1420645). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 253 IS 10 BP 1970 EP 1976 DI 10.1002/pssb.201600277 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DZ8DQ UT WOS:000386099500015 ER PT J AU Wegner, S Browne, P Dix, D AF Wegner, Susanna Browne, Patience Dix, David TI Identifying reference chemicals for thyroid bioactivity screening SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Reference chemicals; Thyroid; Performance-based validation; Amphibian metamorphosis assay; Rat pubertal assay AB Reference chemicals were selected based on thyroid bioactivity in 'Tier 1' screening assays used by the U.S. EPA's Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program. Active reference chemicals had significant effects on thyroid-responsive endpoints in the amphibian metamorphosis assay, and the male and female pubertal rat assays. In the absence of thyroid weight or histopathological effects, additional published studies providing mechanistic data on thyroid activity were required for active chemicals. Inactive reference chemicals had no significant effects on thyroid-responsive endpoints in Tier 1 assays, or in amphibian or rodent studies from several online databases. The 34 reference chemicals (29 active and five inactive) will be useful for performance-based validation of alternative, high throughput screening assays for thyroid bioactivity. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wegner, Susanna] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Browne, Patience; Dix, David] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Wegner, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM shwegner@uw.edu NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 65 BP 402 EP 413 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.08.016 PG 12 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA DZ6RZ UT WOS:000385990900041 PM 27589887 ER PT J AU Savukov, I Boshier, MG AF Savukov, Igor Boshier, Malcolm G. TI A High-Sensitivity Tunable Two-Beam Fiber-Coupled High-Density Magnetometer with Laser Heating SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE atomic magnetometers; low-frequency; high sensitivity ID MULTICHANNEL ATOMIC MAGNETOMETER; IMAGING APPLICATIONS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-EXCHANGE; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FIELD; NMR; MRI AB Atomic magnetometers (AM) are finding many applications in biomagnetism, national security, industry, and science. Fiber-coupled (FC) designs promise to make them compact and flexible for operation. Most FC designs are based on a single-beam configuration or electrical heating. Here, we demonstrate a two-beam FC AM with laser heating that has 5 fT/Hz(1/2) sensitivity at low frequency (50 Hz), which is higher than that of other fiber-coupled magnetometers and can be improved to the sub-femtotesla level. This magnetometer is widely tunable from DC to very high frequencies (as high as 100 MHz; the only issue might be the application of a suitable uniform and stable bias field) with a sensitivity under 10 fT/Hz(1/2) and can be used for magneto-encephalography (MEG), magneto-cardiography (MCG), underground communication, ultra-low MRI/NMR, NQR detection, and other applications. C1 [Savukov, Igor; Boshier, Malcolm G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Savukov, I (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM isavukov@lanl.gov; boshier@lanl.gov RI Boshier, Malcolm/A-2128-2017; OI Boshier, Malcolm/0000-0003-0769-1927; Savukov, Igor/0000-0003-4190-5335 FU U.S. DOE through the LANL/LDRD program FX This work was supported by the U.S. DOE through the LANL/LDRD program. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 AR 1691 DI 10.3390/s16101691 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DZ8OY UT WOS:000386131600143 ER PT J AU Luo, Z Dauter, Z AF Luo, Zhipu Dauter, Zbigniew TI Detection of twinning in macromolecular crystallography SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KRISTALLOGRAPHIE-CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE macromolecular crystallography; merohedral twinning; pseudo-merohedral twinning; twinning fraction; twinning tests ID INTENSITY STATISTICS; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEIN CRYSTALS; TWINS; MEROHEDRY AB The merohedrally or pseudo-merohedrally twinned crystals cannot be identified during diffraction pattern inspection at the stage of data collection. Several methods for identifying twinning and estimating the twin fraction are suitable for macromolecular crystals, and all are based on the statistical properties of the measured diffraction intensities. They can be based on either the overall statistical properties of the measured reflection intensities or on the comparison of reflection intensities related by the twinning operation. The application of various tests for identification of twinning and estimation of twinning fraction is discussed, with examples of diffraction data from the Protein Data Bank. Twinning makes the solution of crystal structures more difficult, but once initially solved, the atomic models can be properly refined by the existing programs. C1 [Luo, Zhipu; Dauter, Zbigniew] NCI, Argonne Natl Lab, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dauter, Z (reprint author), NCI, Argonne Natl Lab, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dauter@anl.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-4946 EI 2196-7105 J9 Z KRIST-CRYST MATER JI Z. Krist.-Cryst. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 231 IS 10 SI SI BP 561 EP 571 DI 10.1515/zkri-2016-1946 PG 11 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA DZ7NB UT WOS:000386051600004 ER PT J AU Li, YS Leung, K Qi, Y AF Li, Yunsong Leung, Kevin Qi, Yue TI Computational Exploration of the Li-ElectrodelElectrolyte Interface in the Presence of a Nanometer Thick Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Layer SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; INTERCALATION ANODES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; COMPLEX MATERIALS; TIGHT-BINDING; GRAPHITE; SIMULATIONS; MECHANISMS AB A nanometer thick passivation layer will spontaneously form on Li-metal in battery applications due to electrolyte reduction reactions. This passivation layer in rechargeable batteries must have "selective" transport properties: blocking electrons from attacking the electrolytes, while allowing Li+ ion to pass through so the electrochemical reactions can continue. The classical description of the electrochemical reaction, Li4+ e -> Li, occurring at the Limetallelectrolyte - interface is now complicated by the passivation layer and will reply on the coupling of electronic and ionic degrees of freedom in the layer. This passivation layer is called "solid electrolyte interphase (SET)" and is considered as "the most important but the least understood in rechargeable Li ion batteries," partly due to the lack of understanding of its structure property relationship. Predictive modeling, starting from the ab initio level, becomes an important tool to understand the nanoscale processes and materials properties governing the interfacial charge transfer reaction at the Li-metalISEIlelectrolyte interface. Here, we demonstrate pristine Li-metal surfaces indeed dissolve in organic carbonate electrolytes without the SEI layer. Based on joint modeling and experimental results, we point out that the well-known two-layer structure of SEI also exhibits two different Le ion transport mechanisms. The SEI has a porous (organic) outer layer permeable to both Li+ and anions (dissolved in electrolyte), and a dense (inorganic) inner layer facilitate only Li+ transport. This two-layer/two-mechanism diffusion model suggests only the dense inorganic layer is effective at protecting Li-metal in electrolytes. This model suggests a strategy to deconvolute the structure property relationships of the SEI by analyzing an idealized SEI composed of major, components, such as Li2CO3, LiF, Li2O, and their mixtures. After sorting out the Li+ ion diffusion carriers and their diffusion pathways, we design methods to accelerate the Lir' ion conductivity by doping and by using heterogonous structure designs. We will predict the electron tunneling barriers and connect them with measurable first cycle irreversible capacity loss. Finally, we note that the SEI not only affects Li+ and e transport, but it can also impose a potential drop near the Li-metalISEI interface. Our challenge is to fully describe the electrochemical reactions at the Li-metalISEIlelectrolyte interface. This will be the subject of ongoing efforts. C1 [Li, Yunsong; Qi, Yue] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Leung, Kevin] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Qi, Y (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM yueqi@egr.msu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]; NSF GOALI [CMMI-1235092]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We acknowledge the support for degradation mechanism modeling as part of Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DESC0001160. Y.S.L. and Y.Q, also acknowledge the support from NSF GOALI under CMMI-1235092. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 52 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 EI 1520-4898 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 2363 EP 2370 DI 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00363 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DZ5NF UT WOS:000385908100032 PM 27689438 ER PT J AU Katsenovich, YP Cardona, C Lapierre, R Szecsody, J Lagos, LE AF Katsenovich, Yelena P. Cardona, Claudia Lapierre, Robert Szecsody, Jim Lagos, Leonel E. TI The effect of Si and Al concentrations on the removal of U(VI) in the alkaline conditions created by NH3 gas SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Uranium; Silica; Ammonia gas; Vadose zone; Removal efficiency ID CALCIUM-CARBONATE; COMPLEX-FORMATION; SILICA; SEDIMENTS; PRECIPITATION; SOLUBILITY; TRANSPORT; SORPTION AB Remediation of uranium in the deep unsaturated zone is a challenging task, especially in the presence of oxygenated, high-carbonate alkalinity soil and pore water composition typical for arid and semi-arid environments of the western regions of the U.S. This study evaluates the effect of various pore water constituencies on changes of uranium concentrations in alkaline conditions, created in the presence of reactive gases such as NH3 to effectively mitigate uranium contamination in the vadose zone sediments. This contaminant is a potential source for groundwater pollution through slow infiltration of soluble and highly mobile uranium species towards the water table. The objective of this research was to evaluate uranium sequestration efficiencies in the alkaline synthetic pore water solutions prepared in a broad range of Si, Al, and bicarbonate concentrations typically present in field systems of the western U.S. regions and identify solid uranium-bearing phases that result from ammonia gas treatment. In previous studies (Szecsody et al. 2012; Zhong et al. 2015), although uranium mobility was greatly decreased, solid phases could not be identified at the low uranium concentrations in field-contaminated sediments. The chemical composition of the synthetic pore water used in the experiments varied for silica (5-250 mM), Al3+ (2.8 or 5 mM), HCO3- (0-100 mM) and U(VI) (0.0021-0.0084 mM) in the solution mixture. Experiment results suggested that solutions with Si concentrations higher than 50 mM exhibited greater removal efficiencies of U(VI). Solutions with higher concentrations of bicarbonate also exhibited greater removal efficiencies for Si, Al, and U(VI). Overall, the silica polymerization reaction leading to the formation of Si gel correlated with the removal of U(VI), Si, and Al from the solution. If no Si polymerization was observed, there was no U removal from the supernatant solution. Speciation modeling indicated that the dominant uranium species in the presence of bicarbonate were anionic uranyl carbonate complexes (UO2(CO3)(2)(-2) and UO2(CO3)(3)(-4)) and in the absence of bicarbonate in the solution, U(VI) major species appeared as uranyl-hydroxide (UO2(OH)(3)(-) and UO2(OH)(4)(-2)) species. The model also predicted the formation of uranium solid phases. Uranyl carbonates as rutherfordine [UO2CO3], cejkaite [Na-4(UO2)(CO3)(3)] and hydrated uranyl silicate phases as Na-boltwoodite [Na(UO2)(SiO4).1.5H(2)O] were anticipated for most of the synthetic pore water compositions amended from medium (2.9 mM) to high (100 mM) bicarbonate concentrations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Katsenovich, Yelena P.; Cardona, Claudia; Lapierre, Robert; Lagos, Leonel E.] Florida Int Univ, Appl Res Ctr, 10555 W Flagler St, Miami, FL 33174 USA. [Szecsody, Jim] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999,K3-62, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Katsenovich, YP (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Appl Res Ctr, 10555 W Flagler St, Miami, FL 33174 USA. EM katsenov@fiu.edu FU US Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management [DE-EM0000598]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX Funding for this research project was provided by the US Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management under Cooperative Agreement DE-EM0000598. Portions of this work were conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The authors gratefully acknowledge Ms. Peggy Shoffner and Dr. Hilary Emerson for excellent comments and suggestions. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 73 BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.08.002 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DZ0JF UT WOS:000385523900011 ER PT J AU Barnes, J Kasen, D Wu, MR Martinez-Pinedo, G AF Barnes, Jennifer Kasen, Daniel Wu, Meng-Ru Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel TI RADIOACTIVITY AND THERMALIZATION IN THE EJECTA OF COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS AND THEIR IMPACT ON KILONOVA LIGHT CURVES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE nuclear reactions; nucleosynthesis; abundances; radiative transfer; stars: black holes; stars: neutron ID NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; R-PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; POWERED TRANSIENTS; DYNAMICAL EJECTA; MASS EJECTION; SUPERNOVAE AB One promising electromagnetic signature of compact object mergers are kilonovae: approximately isotropic radioactively powered transients that peak days to weeks post-merger. Key uncertainties in kilonova modeling include the emission profiles of the radioactive decay products-non-thermal beta-particles, alpha-particles, fission fragments, and g-rays-and the efficiency with which their kinetic energy is absorbed by the ejecta. The radioactive energy emitted, along with its thermalization efficiency, sets the luminosity budget and is therefore crucial for predicting kilonova light curves. We outline uncertainties in the radioactivity, describe the processes by which the decay products transfer energy to the ejecta, and calculate time-dependent thermalization efficiencies for each particle type. We determine the net thermalization efficiency and explore its dependence on r-process yields -in particular, the production of a-decaying translead nuclei-and on ejecta mass, velocity, and magnetic fields. We incorporate our results into detailed radiation transport simulations, and calculate updated kilonova light curve predictions. Thermalization effects reduce kilonova luminosities by a factor of roughly 2 at peak, and by an order of magnitude at later times (15 days or more after explosion). We present analytic fits to time-dependent thermalization efficiencies, which can be used to improve light curve models. We revisit the putative kilonova that accompanied gamma-ray burst 130603B, and estimate the mass ejected in that event. We find later time kilonova light curves can be significantly impacted by a-decay from translead isotopes; data at these times may therefore be diagnostic of ejecta abundances. C1 [Barnes, Jennifer; Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barnes, Jennifer; Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wu, Meng-Ru; Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Theoriezentrum, Schlossgartenstr 2, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, Planckstr 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Barnes, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Barnes, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jlbarnes@berkeley.edu RI Wu, Meng-Ru/N-1690-2016; Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/A-1915-2013 OI Wu, Meng-Ru/0000-0003-4960-8706; Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel/0000-0002-3825-0131 FU Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics Early Career Award; Office of Energy Research; Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics; Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231]; NSF [AST-1206097]; BMBF-Verbundforschungsprojekt [05P15RDFN1] FX This work is supported in part by a Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics Early Career Award, and by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231, and from NSF grant AST-1206097. Support for M.-R.W. and G.M.-P. is provided in part by the Helmholtz Association through the Nuclear Astrophysics Virtual Institute (VH-VI-417) and the BMBF-Verbundforschungsprojekt number 05P15RDFN1. NR 78 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 829 IS 2 AR 110 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/110 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY8JX UT WOS:000385377200052 ER PT J AU Zhang, HC Diltz, C Bottcher, M AF Zhang, Haocheng Diltz, Chris Bottcher, Markus TI RADIATION AND POLARIZATION SIGNATURES OF THE 3D MULTIZONE TIME-DEPENDENT HADRONIC BLAZAR MODEL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; polarization; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal; relativistic processes ID GAMMA-RAY FLARE; SPECTRUM RADIO QUASARS; BL-LAC OBJECTS; SELF-CONSISTENT; JET MODEL; 3C 279; ENERGY; EMISSION; OUTBURST; ORIGIN AB We present a newly developed time-dependent three-dimensional multizone hadronic blazar emission model. By coupling a Fokker-Planck-based lepto-hadronic particle evolution code, 3DHad, with a polarization-dependent radiation transfer code, 3DPol, we are able to study the time-dependent radiation and polarization signatures of a hadronic blazar model for the first time. Our current code is limited to parameter regimes in which the hadronic gamma-ray output is dominated by proton synchrotron emission, neglecting pion production. Our results demonstrate that the time-dependent flux and polarization signatures are generally dominated by the relation between the synchrotron cooling and the light-crossing timescale, which is largely independent of the exact model parameters. We find that unlike the low-energy polarization signatures, which can vary rapidly in time, the high-energy polarization signatures appear stable. As a result, future high-energy polarimeters may be able to distinguish such signatures from the lower and more rapidly variable polarization signatures expected in leptonic models. C1 [Zhang, Haocheng] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Zhang, Haocheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Diltz, Chris] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Bottcher, Markus] North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. RP Zhang, HC (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.; Zhang, HC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU LANL/LDRD program; DoE/Office of Fusion Energy Science through CMSO; South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) of the Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation5 of South Africa FX We thank the anonymous referee for the insightful suggestions. H.Z. is supported by the LANL/LDRD program and by DoE/Office of Fusion Energy Science through CMSO. M.B. acknowledges support by the South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) of the Department of Science and Technology and the National Research Foundation5 of South Africa. Simulations were conducted on LANL's Institutional Computing machines. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 829 IS 2 AR 69 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/829/2/69 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY8JX UT WOS:000385377200011 ER PT J AU Palliyaguru, NT Corsi, A Kasliwal, MM Cenko, SB Frail, DA Perley, DA Mishra, N Singer, LP Gal-Yam, A Nugent, PE Surace, JA AF Palliyaguru, N. T. Corsi, A. Kasliwal, M. M. Cenko, S. B. Frail, D. A. Perley, D. A. Mishra, N. Singer, L. P. Gal-Yam, A. Nugent, P. E. Surace, J. A. TI RADIO FOLLOW-UP OF GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRIGGERS DURING ADVANCED LIGO O1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gravitational waves; radiation mechanisms: general; radio continuum: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; BLACK-HOLE MERGERS; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; OPTICAL COUNTERPART; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; MIDINFRARED SELECTION; EVENT GW151226; X-RAY; EMISSION AB We present radio follow-up observations carried out with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array during the first observing run (O1) of the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). A total of three gravitational-wave triggers were followed-up during the approximate to 4 months of O1, from 2015 September to 2016 January. Two of these triggers, GW150914 and GW151226, are binary black hole (BH) merger events of high significance. A third trigger, G194575, was subsequently declared as an event of no interest (i.e., a false alarm). Our observations targeted selected optical transients identified by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory in the Advanced LIGO error regions of the three triggers, and a limited region of the gravitational-wave localization area of G194575 not accessible to optical telescopes due to Sun constraints, where a possible high-energy transient was identified. No plausible radio counterparts to GW150914 and GW151226 were found, in agreement with expectations for binary BH mergers. We show that combining optical and radio observations is key to identifying contaminating radio sources that may be found in the follow-up of gravitational-wave triggers, such as emission associated with star formation and active galactic nuclei. We discuss our results in the context of the theoretical predictions for radio counterparts to gravitational-wave transients, and describe our future plans for the radio follow-up of Advanced LIGO (and Virgo) triggers. C1 [Palliyaguru, N. T.; Corsi, A.; Mishra, N.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Kasliwal, M. M.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Cenko, S. B.; Singer, L. P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Mail Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cenko, S. B.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Frail, D. A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB O, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Perley, D. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Mishra, N.] Westview High Sch, 4200 NW 185th Ave, Portland, OR 97229 USA. [Gal-Yam, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nugent, P. E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS 50B-4206, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Surace, J. A.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, MS 220-6, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Corsi, A (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM alessandra.corsi@ttu.edu OI Singer, Leo/0000-0001-9898-5597; Gal-Yam, Avishay/0000-0002-3653-5598; Palliyaguru, Nipuni/0000-0002-4828-0262 FU NSF CAREER award [1455090]; NASA/Swift Cycle 11 GI [NNX16AC12G]; GROWTH project - NSF [1545949]; TTU Clark Scholars program; European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant [307260]; Quantum universe I-Core program by the Israeli Committee for Planning and Budgeting; ISF; Minerva grant; ISF grant; Kimmel award; YeS award; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX A.C. thanks K. Hotokezaka and S. Nissanke for graciously providing the theoretical radio light curves of NS-NS mergers. A.C. acknowledges support from the NSF CAREER award #1455090. A.C. and N.P. acknowledge partial support from NASA/Swift Cycle 11 GI via grant NNX16AC12G. M.M.K. acknowledges partial support from the GROWTH project funded by the NSF under Grant #1545949. N.M. acknowledges support from the TTU Clark Scholars program. A.G.-Y. acknowledges support from the European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant #307260, the Quantum universe I-Core program by the Israeli Committee for Planning and Budgeting and the ISF; by Minerva and ISF grants; and by Kimmel and YeS awards. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory project is a scientific collaboration among the California Institute of Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, the Oskar Klein Center, the Weizmann Institute of Science, the TANGO Program of the University System of Taiwan, and the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 829 IS 2 AR L28 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/829/2/L28 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DY8WJ UT WOS:000385412300007 ER PT J AU Madeen, EP Ognibene, TJ Corley, RA McQuistan, TJ Henderson, MC Baird, WM Bench, G Turteltaub, KW Williams, DE AF Madeen, Erin P. Ognibene, Ted J. Corley, Richard A. McQuistan, Tammie J. Henderson, Marilyn C. Baird, William M. Bench, Graham Turteltaub, Ken W. Williams, David E. TI Human Microdosing with Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene and Metabolites by UPLC Accelerator Mass Spectrometry SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LUNG-CELLS; CYTOCHROMES P450 1A1; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TRANSPLACENTAL CARCINOGENESIS; POTENT CARCINOGEN; DNA-ADDUCTS; ACTIVATION; EXPOSURE; MICE; CYP1B1 AB Metabolism is a key health risk factor following exposures to pro-carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC), an IARC classified 2A probable human carcinogen. Human exposure to PAHs occurs primarily from the diet in nonsmokers. However, little data is available on the metabolism and pharmacokinetics in humans of high molecular weight PAHs (>= 4 aromatic rings), including DBC. We previously determined the pharmacokinetics of DBC in human volunteers orally administered a microdose (29 ng; 5 nCi) of [C-14]-DBC by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis of total [C-14] in plasma and urine. In the current study, we utilized a novel "moving wire" interface between ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and AMS to detect and quantify parent DBC and its major metabolites. The major [C-14] product identified in plasma was unmetabolized [C-14]-DBC itself (C-max = 18.5 +/- 15.9 fg/mL, T-max= 2.1 +/- 1.0 h), whereas the major metabolite was identified as [C-14]-(+/)-DBC-11,12-diol (C-max= 2.5 +/- 1.3 fg/mL, T-max= 1.8 h). Several minor species of [C-14]-DBC metabolites were also detected for which no reference standards were available. Free and conjugated metabolites were detected in urine with [C-14]-(+/)-DBC-11,12,13,14-tetraol isomers identified as the major metabolites, 56.3% of which were conjugated (C-max= 35.8 +/- 23.0 pg/pool, T-max = 6-12 h pool). [C-14]-DBC-11,12-diol, of which 97.5% was conjugated, was also identified in urine (C-max = 29.4 +/- 11.6 pg/pool, T-max = 6-12 h pool). Parent [C-14]-DBC was not detected in urine. This is the first data set to assess metabolite profiles and associated pharmacokinetics of a carcinogenic PAH in human volunteers at an environmentally relevant dose, providing the data necessary for translation of high dose animal models to humans for translation of environmental health risk assessment. C1 [Madeen, Erin P.; Henderson, Marilyn C.; Baird, William M.; Williams, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Madeen, Erin P.; Corley, Richard A.; McQuistan, Tammie J.; Baird, William M.; Williams, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Superfund Res Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ognibene, Ted J.; Bench, Graham; Turteltaub, Ken W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Corley, Richard A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Syst Toxicol & Exposure Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Turteltaub, Ken W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Madeen, Erin P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Clin Pharmacol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Williams, DE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Linus Pauling Sci Ctr 307, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM david.williams@oregonstate.edu FU PHS [P42ES016465, P42ES016465-S1, P41GM103483, P01CA90890, T32ES07060]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Biomedical Technology Research Resources (BTRR) [P41GM103483] FX This study was funded by PHS grants P42ES016465, K. C. Donnelly Supplement P42ES016465-S1, P41GM103483, P01CA90890, and T32ES07060 (to E.P.M.). AMS was performed at the Research Resource for Biomedical AMS which is operated at LLNL under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Biomedical Technology Research Resources (BTRR) under grant number P41GM103483. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 29 IS 10 BP 1641 EP 1650 DI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00169 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA DZ3YK UT WOS:000385785600007 PM 27494294 ER PT J AU de Mesquita, CPB King, AJ Schmidt, SK Farrer, EC Suding, KN AF de Mesquita, Clifton P. Bueno King, Andrew J. Schmidt, Steven K. Farrer, Emily C. Suding, Katharine N. TI Incorporating biotic factors in species distribution modeling: are interactions with soil microbes important? SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANT; ALPINE; DIVERSITY; FACILITATION; PATTERNS; COLONIZATION; ENVIRONMENT AB It is increasingly recognized that species distributions are driven by both abiotic factors and biotic interactions. Despite much recent work incorporating competition, predation, and mutualism into species distribution models (SDMs), the focus has been confined to aboveground macroscopic interactions. Biotic interactions between plants and soil microbial communities are understudied as potentially important drivers of plant distributions. Some soil bacteria promote plant growth by cycling nutrients, while others are pathogenic; thus they have a high potential for influencing plant occurrence. We investigated the influence of soil bacterial clades on the distributions of bryophytes and 12 vascular plant species in a high elevation talus-field ecosystem in the Rocky Mountain Front Range, Colorado, USA. We used an information-theoretic criterion (AICc) modeling approach to compare SDMs with the following different sets of predictors: abiotic variables, abiotic variables and other plant abundances, abiotic variables and soil bacteria clade relative abundances, and a full model with abiotic factors, plant abundances, and bacteria relative abundances. We predicted that bacteria would influence plant distributions both positively and negatively, and that these interactions would improve prediction of plant species distributions. We found that inclusion of either plant or bacteria biotic predictors generally improved the fit, deviance explained, and predictive power of the SDMs, and for the majority of the species, adding information on both other plants and bacteria yielded the best model. Interactions between the modeled species and biotic predictors were both positive and negative, suggesting the presence of competition, parasitism, and facilitation. While our results indicate that plant-plant co-occurrences are a stronger driver of plant distributions than plant-bacteria co-occurrences, they also show that bacteria can explain parts of plant distributions that remain unexplained by abiotic and plant predictors. Our results provide further support for including biotic factors in SDMs, and suggest that belowground factors be considered as well. C1 [de Mesquita, Clifton P. Bueno; Schmidt, Steven K.; Suding, Katharine N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [de Mesquita, Clifton P. Bueno; Schmidt, Steven K.; Suding, Katharine N.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [King, Andrew J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Farrer, Emily C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP de Mesquita, CPB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; de Mesquita, CPB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM cliff.buenodemesquita@colorado.edu OI Bueno de Mesquita, Clifton/0000-0002-2565-7100 FU NSF [MCB-0455606, DEB-1027341] FX This work was supported by the NSF Microbial Observatories Program (MCB-0455606) and Niwot Ridge LTER program (DEB-1027341). Logistic support was provided by the Niwot Ridge LTER program and CU's Mountain Research Station. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 32 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD OCT PY 2016 VL 39 IS 10 BP 970 EP 980 DI 10.1111/ecog.01797 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ0XR UT WOS:000385563500007 ER PT J AU Rifai, SW Munoz, JDU Negron-Juarez, RI Arevalo, FRR Tello-Espinoza, R Vanderwel, MC Lichstein, JW Chambers, JQ Bohlman, SA AF Rifai, Sami W. Urquiza Munoz, Jose D. Negron-Juarez, Robinson I. Ramirez Arevalo, Fredy R. Tello-Espinoza, Rodil Vanderwel, Mark C. Lichstein, Jeremy W. Chambers, Jeffrey Q. Bohlman, Stephanie A. TI Landscape-scale consequences of differential tree mortality from catastrophic wind disturbance in the Amazon SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Amazon; blowdown; canopy gap; downburst; INLA; Iquitos; Loreto; necromass; selective mortality; spectral mixture analysis; tree mortality; wind disturbance; windthrow; wood density ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; WOOD DENSITY; LARGE BLOWDOWNS; MODELS; GROWTH; DAMAGE; WINDTHROW; DROUGHT; MOUNTAINS; WORLDWIDE AB Wind disturbance can create large forest blowdowns, which greatly reduces live biomass and adds uncertainty to the strength of the Amazon carbon sink. Observational studies from within the central Amazon have quantified blowdown size and estimated total mortality but have not determined which trees are most likely to die from a catastrophic wind disturbance. Also, the impact of spatial dependence upon tree mortality from wind disturbance has seldom been quantified, which is important because wind disturbance often kills clusters of trees due to large treefalls killing surrounding neighbors. We examine (1) the causes of differential mortality between adult trees from a 300-ha blowdown event in the Peruvian region of the northwestern Amazon, (2) how accounting for spatial dependence affects mortality predictions, and (3) how incorporating both differential mortality and spatial dependence affect the landscape level estimation of necromass produced from the blowdown. Standard regression and spatial regression models were used to estimate how stem diameter, wood density, elevation, and a satellite-derived disturbance metric influenced the probability of tree death from the blowdown event. The model parameters regarding tree characteristics, topography, and spatial autocorrelation of the field data were then used to determine the consequences of non-random mortality for landscape production of necromass through a simulation model. Tree mortality was highly non-random within the blowdown, where tree mortality rates were highest for trees that were large, had low wood density, and were located at high elevation. Of the differential mortality models, the non-spatial models overpredicted necromass, whereas the spatial model slightly underpredicted necromass. When parameterized from the same field data, the spatial regression model with differential mortality estimated only 7.5% more dead trees across the entire blowdown than the random mortality model, yet it estimated 51% greater necromass. We suggest that predictions of forest carbon loss from wind disturbance are sensitive to not only the underlying spatial dependence of observations, but also the biological differences between individuals that promote differential levels of mortality. C1 [Rifai, Sami W.; Bohlman, Stephanie A.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Urquiza Munoz, Jose D.; Ramirez Arevalo, Fredy R.; Tello-Espinoza, Rodil] Univ Nacl Amazonia Peruana, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Iquitos, Peru. [Negron-Juarez, Robinson I.; Chambers, Jeffrey Q.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate Sci Dept, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vanderwel, Mark C.] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Lichstein, Jeremy W.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chambers, Jeffrey Q.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chambers, Jeffrey Q.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Coordenacao Pesquisas Silvicultura Trop, BR-69060001 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Bohlman, Stephanie A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Rifai, SW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM srifai@gmail.com FU NASA Biodiversity Program [NNX09AK21G]; NASA Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship; Next-Generation Ecosystems Experiments-Tropics (NGEE Tropics); Regional and Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) program - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Conducted research was funded by the NASA Biodiversity Program (Project NNX09AK21G). S. W. Rifai was supported by a NASA Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship. R. Negron-Juarez was supported by Next-Generation Ecosystems Experiments-Tropics (NGEE Tropics) and the Regional and Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. We greatly acknowledge the field assistance of Jarli Isuiza, Pablo Marin Ruiz, and Randal Regnifo. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 26 IS 7 BP 2225 EP 2237 DI 10.1002/eap.1368 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ1TR UT WOS:000385623900020 PM 27755720 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Jain, R Hodge, BM AF Zhang, Jie Jain, Rishabh Hodge, Bri-Mathias TI A data-driven method to characterize turbulence-caused uncertainty in wind power generation SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Data-driven; Surrogate modeling; Uncertainty quantification; Turbulence intensity; Wind distribution ID MODEL; FARM; OPTIMIZATION AB A data-driven methodology is developed to analyze how ambient and wake turbulence affect the power generation of wind turbine(s). Using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) data from a wind plant, we select two sets of wind velocity and power data for turbines on the edge of the plant that resemble (i) an out-of-wake scenario and (ii) an in-wake scenario. For each set of data, two surrogate models are developed to represent the turbine(s) power generation as a function of (i) the wind speed and (ii) the wind speed and turbulence intensity. Three types of uncertainties in turbine(s) power generation are investigated: (i) the uncertainty in power generation with respect to the reported power curve; (ii) the uncertainty in power generation with respect to the estimated power response that accounts for only mean wind speed; and (iii) the uncertainty in power generation with respect to the estimated power response that accounts for both mean wind speed and turbulence intensity. Results show that (i) the turbine(s) generally produce more power under the in-wake scenario than under the out-of-wake scenario with the same wind speed; and (ii) there is relatively more uncertainty in the power generation under the in-wake scenario than under the out-of-wake scenario. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Jie] Univ Texas Dallas, Richardson, DC 75080 USA. [Jain, Rishabh] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hodge, Bri-Mathias] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Richardson, DC 75080 USA. EM jiezhang@utdallas.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-G028308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-G028308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 EI 1873-6785 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 112 BP 1139 EP 1152 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2016.06.144 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA DY7OL UT WOS:000385318700097 ER PT J AU Perez, AP Sauma, EE Munoz, FD Hobbs, BF AF Perez, Andres P. Sauma, Enzo E. Munoz, Francisco D. Hobbs, Benjamin F. TI The Economic Effects of Interregional Trading of Renewable Energy Certificates in the US WECC SO ENERGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Renewable Portfolio Standards; Renewable Energy Credits; Transmission planning; Western Electricity Coordinating Council; Electricity markets ID POLICIES; MARKET AB In the U.S., individual states enact Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs) for renewable electricity production with little coordination. Each state imposes restrictions on the amounts and locations of qualifying renewable generation. Using a co-optimization (transmission and generation) planning model, we quantify the long run economic benefits of allowing flexibility in the trading of Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) among the U.S. states belonging to the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC). We characterize flexibility in terms of the amount and geographic eligibility of out-of-state RECs that can be used to meet a state's RPS goal. Although more trade would be expected to have economic benefits, neither the size of these benefits nor the effects of such trading on infrastructure investments, CO2 emissions and energy prices have been previously quantified. We find that up to 90% of the economic benefits are captured if approximately 25% of unbundled RECs are allowed to be acquired from out of state. Furthermore, increasing REC trading flexibility does not necessarily result in either higher transmission investment costs or a substantial impact on CO2 emissions. Finally, increasing REC trading flexibility decreases energy prices in some states and increases them elsewhere, while the WECC-wide average energy price decreases. C1 [Perez, Andres P.; Sauma, Enzo E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ind & Syst Engn Dept, Santiago, Chile. [Munoz, Francisco D.] Univ Adolfo Ibanez, Fac Sci & Engn, Ind Engn & Operat Grp, Santiago, Chile. [Munoz, Francisco D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Discrete Math & Optimizat, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hobbs, Benjamin F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hobbs, Benjamin F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Environm Energy Sustainabil & Hlth Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Sauma, EE (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ind & Syst Engn Dept, Santiago, Chile. EM esauma@ing.puc.cl FU CONICYT; FONDECYT/Regular [1130781]; FONDAP [15110019]; USDOE; NSF; Department of Energy's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); Lockheed Martin Corporation, for USDOE's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94-AL85000]; [IIA 1243482]; [ECCS 1230788] FX We thank S. Kasina and J. Ho of JHU for their help with the dataset for this model. This research was partially supported by the CONICYT, FONDECYT/Regular 1130781 grant, the CONICYT, FONDAP 15110019 grant, the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) funded by the USDOE, NSF grants IIA 1243482 and ECCS 1230788, and the Department of Energy's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR). Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for USDOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC ENERGY ECONOMICS PI CLEVELAND PA 28790 CHAGRIN BLVD, STE 210, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 0195-6574 EI 1944-9089 J9 ENERG J JI Energy J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 37 IS 4 BP 267 EP 295 DI 10.5547/01956574.37.4.aper PG 29 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ5OZ UT WOS:000385912700012 ER PT J AU Breault, RW Monazam, ER AF Breault, Ronald W. Monazam, Esmail R. TI Modeling of the Reduction of Hematite in the Chemical Looping Combustion of Methane using Barracuda SO ENERGY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon storage; chemical looping combustion; computational chemistry; hydrocarbons; iron ID OXYGEN CARRIER; IRON-OXIDE; FLUIDIZED-BEDS; OXIDATION; PARTICLES; KINETICS; FLOWS; FE2O3 AB Chemical looping combustion is a promising technology for the capture of CO2, which involves the reduction and oxidation of materials known as oxygen carriers. One particular carrier is hematite as it is readily available, relatively inexpensive, and nontoxic. We present a new particle model and reaction kinetics that can be applied to Barracuda simulations of the fuel reactor. This was performed as Barracuda does not allow for the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) (nucleation and growth)-type kinetics that were developed from the results of an analytical study, thermogravimetric analysis, and fixed-bed experiments. We summarize the analytical analysis of the fixed-bed reduction experiments conducted in a cycling fixed-bed reactor and subsequently modeled with Barracuda computational fluid dynamics software to develop the new model. The experiments were conducted using 1000g of hematite material. The cyclic processing began with the reduction step then proceeded to the oxidation step, and this analysis was repeated for several cycles (5-10). The effect of fuel partial pressure (8.4, 7.2, and 5mol%) on the conversion was investigated. The JMA analysis assumed that the reactions occurred in the shell that surrounds the particle grains with the diffusion of oxygen to the grain surface from the core. In contrast, working with the particle kinetics allowed in Barracuda, the reactions occur with different hematite species (surface and core) mixed homogeneously. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new particle model in which the rates are related to the amount of reactant (surface or core) in the particle. We present the development of such a particle model and compare the results with experimental values. C1 [Breault, Ronald W.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Monazam, Esmail R.] REM Engn Serv PLLC, 3537 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Breault, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM ronald.breault@netl.doe.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2194-4288 EI 2194-4296 J9 ENERGY TECHNOL-GER JI Energy Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1221 EP 1229 DI 10.1002/ente.201600097 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA DZ3CH UT WOS:000385721000011 ER PT J AU Horner, NC Shehabi, A Azevedo, IL AF Horner, Nathaniel C. Shehabi, Arman Azevedo, Ines L. TI Known unknowns: indirect energy effects of information and communication technology SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Review DE ICT; indirect energy effects; green computing; e-services ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; DESIGN OPTIMIZATION; TELEWORK ADOPTION; OFFICE EQUIPMENT; ECONOMIC-GROWTH; ELECTRICITY USE; E-COMMERCE; ICT; CONSUMPTION AB Background. There has been sustained and growing interest in characterizing the net energy impact of information and communication technology (ICT), which results from indirect effects offsetting (or amplifying) the energy directly consumed by ICT equipment. These indirect effects may be either positive or negative, and there is considerable disagreement as to the direction of this sign as well as the effect magnitude. Literature in this area ranges from studies focused on a single service (such as e-commerce versus traditional retail) to macroeconomic studies attempting to characterize the overall impact of ICT. Methods. We review the literature on the indirect energy effect of ICT found via Google Scholar, our own research, and input from other researchers in the field. The various studies are linked to an effect taxonomy, which is synthesized from several different hierarchies present in the literature. References are further grouped according to ICT service (e.g., e-commerce, telework) and summarized by scope, method, and quantitative and qualitative findings. Review results. Uncertainty persists in understanding the net energy effects of ICT. Results of indirect energy effect studies are highly sensitive to scoping decisions and assumptions made by the analyst. Uncertainty increases as the impact scope broadens, due to complex and interconnected effects. However, there is general agreement that ICT has large energy savings potential, but that the realization of this potential is highly dependent on deployment details and user behavior. Discussion. While the overall net effect of ICT is likely to remain unknown, this review suggests several guidelines for improving research quality in this area, including increased data collection, enhancing traditional modeling studies with sensitivity analysis, greater care in scoping, less confidence in characterizing aggregate impacts, more effort on understanding user behavior, and more contextual integration across the different levels of the effect taxonomy. C1 [Horner, Nathaniel C.; Azevedo, Ines L.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Shehabi, Arman] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd MS90R2002, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Horner, NC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM nch@cmu.edu OI Horner, Nathaniel/0000-0002-3797-5907 FU Department of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University; Center for Climate and Energy Decision Making [SES-0949710, SES-1463492]; National Science Foundation (NSF); Carnegie Mellon University; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the Department of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University and by the Center for Climate and Energy Decision Making (SES-0949710 and SES-1463492), through a cooperative agreement between the National Science Foundation (NSF) and Carnegie Mellon University. Work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. We wish to thank Jonathan Koomey for his helpful comments on this manuscript and the two anonymous referees for their feedback. An abbreviated version of these findings have been published as Chapter 5 of Shehabi et al (2016), a federally sponsored report on U.S. data center energy use. NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 IS 10 AR 103001 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/11/10/103001 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DZ5YC UT WOS:000385937100001 ER PT J AU Pan, YB Lu, M Jeon, J AF Pan, Yanbiao Lu, Ming Jeon, Jaeseok TI Organic Relay Carry Generator and Logic Gates SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE MEMS; relay; polymer; OFET; OTFT AB This letter demonstrates that a single organic micrometer-scale relay can easily generate a carry for four input bits and perform basic Boolean operations for two input bits. C1 [Pan, Yanbiao; Jeon, Jaeseok] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Lu, Ming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Jeon, Jaeseok] Inst Adv Mat Devices & Nanotechnol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Jeon, J (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM jjeon@ece.rutgers.edu FU Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Functional Nanomaterials within U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012704]; Rutgers University Faculty Research Grant Program FX This work was supported in part by the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, within the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-SC0012704, and in part by the 2012 Rutgers University Faculty Research Grant Program. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor S. Pourkamali. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1351 EP 1353 DI 10.1109/LED.2016.2600257 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DY8HV UT WOS:000385371100025 ER PT J AU Malikopoulos, AA AF Malikopoulos, Andreas A. TI A Duality Framework for Stochastic Optimal Control of Complex Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Complex systems; multiobjective optimization; Pareto control policy; stochastic optimal control ID MARKOV DECISION-PROCESSES; AVERAGE-COST; SEQUENTIAL DECISIONS; CHAINS; CONSTRAINTS; ALGORITHMS; POLICIES AB We address the problem of minimizing the long-run expected average cost of a complex system consisting of interactive subsystems. We formulate a multiobjective optimization problem of the one-stage expected costs of the subsystems and provide a duality framework to prove that the control policy yielding the Pareto optimal solution minimizes the average cost criterion of the system. We provide the conditions of existence and a geometric interpretation of the solution. For practical situations with constraints consistent to those studied here, our results imply that the Pareto control policymay be of value when we seek to derive online the optimal control policy in complex systems. C1 [Malikopoulos, Andreas A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Malikopoulos, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM andreas@ornl.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX The author would like to thank Y. Shen for her assistance in running the simulation of the first illustrative example (Section V-B) with varying transition probability and cost matrices. The support of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9286 EI 1558-2523 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD OCT PY 2016 VL 61 IS 10 BP 2756 EP 2765 DI 10.1109/TAC.2015.2504518 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA DY8UF UT WOS:000385406100001 ER PT J AU Yang, T Meng, ZY Shi, GD Hong, YG Johansson, KH AF Yang, Tao Meng, Ziyang Shi, Guodong Hong, Yiguang Johansson, Karl Henrik TI Network Synchronization With Nonlinear Dynamics and Switching Interactions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Multi-agent systems; nonlinear agents; switching interactions; synchronization ID MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS; GRAPH-THEORY; CONSENSUS; STABILITY; TOPOLOGY; ALGORITHMS AB This technical note considers the synchronization problem for networks of coupled nonlinear dynamical systems under switching communication topologies. Two types of nonlinear agent dynamics are considered. The first one is non-expansive dynamics [stable dynamics with a convex Lyapunov function phi(.)] and the second one is dynamics that satisfies a global Lipschitz condition. For the non-expansive case, we show that various forms of joint connectivity for communication graphs are sufficient for networks to achieve global asymptotic phi-synchronization. We also show that phi-synchronization leads to state synchronization provided that certain additional conditions are satisfied. For the globally Lipschitz case, unlike the non-expansive case, joint connectivity alone is not sufficient for achieving synchronization. A sufficient condition for reaching global exponential synchronization is established in terms of the relationship between the global Lipschitz constant and the network parameters. C1 [Yang, Tao] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Meng, Ziyang] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Precis Instrument, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Meng, Ziyang] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Precis Measurement Technol & Instru, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Shi, Guodong] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Engn & Comp Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Hong, Yiguang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Syst Sci, Key Lab Syst & Control, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Johansson, Karl Henrik] Royal Inst Technol, Sch Elect Engn, ACCESS Linnaeus Ctr, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Yang, T (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Tao.Yang@pnnl.gov; ziyangmeng@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; guodong.shi@anu.edu.au; yghong@iss.ac.cn; kallej@kth.se FU Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council FX This work was supported in part by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and the Swedish Research Council. Recommended by Associate Editor S. Zampieri. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9286 EI 1558-2523 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD OCT PY 2016 VL 61 IS 10 BP 3103 EP 3108 DI 10.1109/TAC.2015.2497907 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA DY8UF UT WOS:000385406100032 ER PT J AU Shi, BC Bangayan, NJ Curd, E Taylor, PA Gallo, RL Leung, DYM Li, HY AF Shi, Baochen Bangayan, Nathanael J. Curd, Emily Taylor, Patricia A. Gallo, Richard L. Leung, Donald Y. M. Li, Huiying TI The skin microbiome is different in pediatric versus adult atopic dermatitis SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; ALLERGIC-ASTHMA; LEBRIKIZUMAB; OMALIZUMAB; CHILDREN; DISEASE; SHIFTS C1 [Shi, Baochen; Bangayan, Nathanael J.; Curd, Emily; Li, Huiying] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Crump Inst Mol Imaging, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Curd, Emily] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Taylor, Patricia A.; Leung, Donald Y. M.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80206 USA. [Gallo, Richard L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Dermatol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Leung, Donald Y. M.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Li, Huiying] Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Li, HY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Crump Inst Mol Imaging, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Leung, DYM (reprint author), Natl Jewish Hlth, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80206 USA.; Leung, DYM (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.; Li, HY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM Leungd@njhealth.org; huiying@mednet.ucla.edu FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR001082]; NIAID NIH HHS [HHSN272201000017C, HHSN272201000020C, U19 AI117673] NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 4 BP 1233 EP 1236 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.053 PG 13 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA DZ0AP UT WOS:000385499400041 PM 27474122 ER PT J AU Gillet, N Berstis, L Wu, XJ Gajdos, F Heck, A de la Lande, A Blumberger, J Elstner, M AF Gillet, Natacha Berstis, Laura Wu, Xiaojing Gajdos, Fruzsina Heck, Alexander de la Lande, Aurelien Blumberger, Jochen Elstner, Marcus TI Electronic Coupling Calculations for Bridge-Mediated Charge Transfer Using Constrained Density Functional Theory (CDFT) and Effective Hamiltonian Approaches at the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Fragment-Orbital Density Functional Tight Binding (FODFTB) Level SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; EXCITATION-ENERGY TRANSFER; TRANSFER MATRIX-ELEMENTS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; AB-INITIO; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; THROUGH-BOND; ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS; BLOCK DIAGONALIZATION AB In this article, four methods to calculate charge transfer integrals in the context of bridge-mediated electron transfer are tested. 1 These methods are based on density functional theory (DFT). We consider two perturbative Green's function effective Hamiltonian methods (first, at the DFT level of theory, using localized molecular orbitals; second, applying a tight-binding DFT approach, using fragment orbitals) and two constrained DFT implementations with either plane-wave or local basis sets. To assess the performance of the methods for through-bond (TB)-dominated or through-space (TS)-dominated transfer, different sets of molecules are considered. For through-bond electron transfer (ET), several molecules that were originally synthesized by Paddon-Row and co-workers for the deduction of electronic coupling values from photo emission and electron transmission spectroscopies, are analyzed. The tested methodologies prove to be successful in reproducing experimental data, the exponential distance decay constant and the superbridge effects arising from interference among ET pathways. For through-space ET, dedicated re-stacked systems with heterocyclopentadiene molecules were created and analyzed on the basis of electronic coupling dependence on donor acceptor distance, structure of the bridge, and ET barrier height. The inexpensive fragment-orbital density functional tight binding (FODFTB) method gives similar results to constrained density functional theory (CDFT) and both reproduce the expected exponential decay of the coupling with donor acceptor distances and the number of bridging units. These four approaches appear to give reliable results for both TB and TS ET and present a good alternative to expensive ab initio methodologies for large systems involving long-range charge transfers. C1 [Gillet, Natacha; Heck, Alexander; Elstner, Marcus] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Phys Chem, Kaiserstr 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Berstis, Laura] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wu, Xiaojing; de la Lande, Aurelien] Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, Univ Paris 11, Lab Chim Phys, Campus Orsay 15,Ave Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Gajdos, Fruzsina; Blumberger, Jochen] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Elstner, M (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Phys Chem, Kaiserstr 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.; Berstis, L (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA.; de la Lande, A (reprint author), Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, Univ Paris 11, Lab Chim Phys, Campus Orsay 15,Ave Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France.; Blumberger, J (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM laura.berstis@nrel.gov; aurelien.de-la-lande@u-psud.fr; j.blumberger@ucl.ac.uk; marcus.elstner@kit.edu RI de la Lande, Aurelien/P-5656-2016 FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/L000202]; DOE Office of EERE [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Alexander v. Humboldt foundation FX CDFT calculations with the CPMD program were carried out on ARCHER, the UK National High Performance Computing facility (Edinburgh, U.K.), to which access was granted via the Materials Chemistry Consortium (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Grant No. EP/L000202). Effective Hamiltonian calculations within GAMESS performed using supercomputer time provided by the NREL Computational Sciences Center, which is supported by the DOE Office of EERE under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. N.G. acknowledges the Alexander v. Humboldt foundation for support. NR 111 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 4793 EP 4805 DI 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00564 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DY7VB UT WOS:000385336300007 PM 27611912 ER PT J AU Liu, C Liu, J Yao, YX Wu, P Wang, CZ Ho, KM AF Liu, C. Liu, J. Yao, Y. X. Wu, P. Wang, C. Z. Ho, K. M. TI Correlation Matrix Renormalization Theory: Improving Accuracy with Two-Electron Density-Matrix Sum Rules SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID MEAN-FIELD THEORY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SYSTEMS AB We recently proposed the correlation matrix renormalization (CMR) theory to treat the electronic correlation effects [Phys. Rev. B 2014, 89, 045131 and Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 13478] in ground state total energy calculations of molecular systems using the Gutzwiller variational wave function (GWF). By adopting a number of approximations, the computational effort of the CMR can be reduced to a level similar to Hartree-Fock calculations. This paper reports our recent progress in minimizing the error originating from some of these approximations. We introduce a novel sum-rule correction to obtain a more accurate description. of the intersite electron correlation effects in total energy calculations. Benchmark calculations are performed on a set of molecules to show the reasonable accuracy of the method. C1 [Liu, C.; Liu, J.; Yao, Y. X.; Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Liu, C.; Liu, J.; Yao, Y. X.; Wang, C. Z.; Ho, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wu, P.; Ho, K. M.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Int Ctr Quantum Design Funct Mat ICQD, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Wu, P.; Ho, K. M.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Yao, YX (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Yao, YX (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ykent@iastate.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M570539]; USTC Qian-Ren B (1000-Talents Program B) fund FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division, including the computer time support from the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) in Berkeley, CA. The research was performed at Ames Laboratory, which is operated for the U.S. DOE by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. PW and KMH were also partially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2015M570539), USTC Qian-Ren B (1000-Talents Program B) fund. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 4806 EP 4811 DI 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00570 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DY7VB UT WOS:000385336300008 PM 27564237 ER PT J AU Levine, DS Horn, PR Mao, YZ Head-Gordon, M AF Levine, Daniel S. Horn, Paul R. Mao, Yuezhi Head-Gordon, Martin TI Variational Energy Decomposition Analysis of Chemical Bonding. 1. Spin-Pure Analysis of Single Bonds SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID LOCALIZED MOLECULAR-ORBITALS; ADAPTED PERTURBATION-THEORY; TRANSITION-STATE METHOD; INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS; KINETIC-ENERGY; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; SCHEME; CHARGE; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY AB We have designed an energy decomposition analysis (EDA) to gain a deeper understanding of single chemical bonds, that is, those in which the interacting fragments are doublet open-shell systems but the supersystem is closed-shell. The method is a spin-pure extension of the absolutely localized molecular orbital (ALMO) EDA to the one-pair perfect pairing energy (equivalently to an active space of two electrons in two orbitals). The total interaction energy is broken up into four terms: frozen interactions, spin-coupling, polarization, and charge-transfer. A variety of single bonds are analyzed and, in addition, we use this method to show how solvation changes the nature of bonds, producing different results in the gas-phase and with explicit solvent molecules. C1 [Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Head-Gordon, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Kenneth S Pitzer Ctr Theoret Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mhg@cchem.berkeley.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [CHE-1363342] FX This work was supported by a grant (CHE-1363342) from the U.S. National Science Foundation. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 4812 EP 4820 DI 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00571 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DY7VB UT WOS:000385336300009 PM 27571026 ER PT J AU Rhyan, J McCollum, M Gidlewski, T Shalev, M Ward, G Donahue, B Arzt, J Stenfeldt, C Mohamed, F Nol, P Deng, M Metwally, S McKenna, T Salman, M AF Rhyan, Jack McCollum, Matthew Gidlewski, Thomas Shalev, Moshe Ward, Gordon Donahue, Brenda Arzt, Jonathan Stenfeldt, Carolina Mohamed, Fawzi Nol, Pauline Deng, Ming Metwally, Samia McKenna, Thomas Salman, Mo TI FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE IN A SMALL SAMPLE OF EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED PRONGHORN (ANTILOCAPRA AMERICANA) SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Antilocapra americana; foot-and-mouth disease; FMD; pathology; PCR; pronghorn; ungulate; wildlife ID BRITISH DEER; VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; WILDLIFE; DIFFERENTIATION; BACULOVIRUS; ANTIBODIES; AFRICA; 3ABC AB There is limited information on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in North American wildlife and none concerning pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). In an experimental study of 13 pronghorn and six steers (Bos taurus), we compared the susceptibility of pronghorn to FMD virus (FMDV) strain O, with that of cattle (Bos taurus). We also determined the potential for intra-and interspecies transmission of FMDV strain O in pronghorn and cattle, assessed the application of conventional laboratory tests in their suitability to detect FMDV infection in pronghorn, and evaluated the potential role of pronghorn as efficient long-term carriers of FMDV. After acclimation to containment at Plum Island Animal Disease Center, two pronghorn and one steer were each infected by intraepithelial tongue inoculation with 10,000 bovine tongue infective doses of FMDV, strain O1 Manisa. Inoculated animals were housed with contact animals. When contact-exposed animals developed fever they were placed in rooms with previously unexposed animals. All inoculated and exposed cattle and pronghorn developed clinical disease typical of FMD. Pronghorn developed severe foot lesions and mild to moderate oral lesions, primarily on the tongue. Duration of clinical signs in both species was 2-3 wk with foot abnormalities evident to the end of the study (51 d postexposure). Other lesions included pancreatitis, myositis of the tongue, and secondary lesions including pleuritis, pneumonia, decubital ulcers, and tenosynovitis. Virus transmission occurred between pronghorn, from cattle to pronghorn, and from pronghorn to cattle. Conventional laboratory tests detected virus and antibodies against nonstructural and structural FMDV proteins in pronghorn and cattle. Virus was present in some animals for 1 wk but was not detectable by virus isolation or PCR at 3 wk postinfection or afterward. C1 [Rhyan, Jack; McCollum, Matthew; Gidlewski, Thomas; Nol, Pauline] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Shalev, Moshe] Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Dept Homeland Secur, Long Isl City, NY 11957 USA. [Ward, Gordon; Donahue, Brenda; Mohamed, Fawzi; Deng, Ming; Metwally, Samia; McKenna, Thomas] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, USDA, Long Isl City, NY 11957 USA. [Arzt, Jonathan; Stenfeldt, Carolina] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Long Isl City, NY 11944 USA. [Stenfeldt, Carolina] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Salman, Mo] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 300 W Drake Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Metwally, Samia] UN, Food & Agr Org, Viale Terme Carracalla, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [McKenna, Thomas] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, 160 Worcester Providence Rd, Sutton, MA 01590 USA. RP Rhyan, J (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jack.c.rhyan@aphis.usda.gov OI Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA); National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through National Research Initiative; Colorado State University Program of Economically Important Infectious Animal Diseases - USDA: NIFA FX We thank Temple Grandin, Mark Deesing, Lauren Harris, and Melissa Syndergaard for excellent assistance in acclimating pronghorn to captivity and handling, and Jeffrey Babcock and his dedicated Animal Care Staff at PIADC for their exceptional handling and care of these challenging animals in biocontainment. Luis Rodriguez and his staff at PIADC, Dave Miller. Elizabeth Clark, and Kathleen Apicelli, provided valuable technical assistance to the study. This study was partially supported by a grant from US Department of Agriculture (USDA): National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA; formerly USDA: Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service) through National Research Initiative and the Colorado State University Program of Economically Important Infectious Animal Diseases funded by a special grant from USDA: NIFA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 52 IS 4 BP 862 EP 873 DI 10.7589/2015-11-312 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DZ4RG UT WOS:000385846300011 PM 27525593 ER PT J AU Bourassa, D Gleber, SC Vogt, S Shin, CH Fahrni, CJ AF Bourassa, Daisy Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte Vogt, Stefan Shin, Chong Hyun Fahrni, Christoph J. TI MicroXRF tomographic visualization of zinc and iron in the zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period SO METALLOMICS LA English DT Article ID RAY-FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; NORMAL HUMAN-BRAIN; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TRACE-ELEMENTS; TRANSITION-METALS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; MOUSE RETINA; DANIO-RERIO; LOCALIZATION; TRANSFERRIN AB Transition metals such as zinc, copper, and iron play key roles in cellular proliferation, cell differentiation, growth, and development. Over the past decade, advances in synchrotron X-ray fluorescence instrumentation presented new opportunities for the three-dimensional mapping of trace metal distributions within intact specimens. Taking advantage of microXRF tomography, we visualized the 3D distribution of zinc and iron in a zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. The reconstructed volumetric data revealed distinct differences in the elemental distributions, with zinc predominantly localized to the yolk and yolk extension, and iron to various regions of the brain as well as the myotome extending along the dorsal side of the embryo. The data set complements an earlier tomographic study of an embryo at the pharyngula stage (24 hpf), thus offering new insights into the trace metal distribution at key stages of embryonic development. C1 [Bourassa, Daisy; Fahrni, Christoph J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Bourassa, Daisy; Fahrni, Christoph J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Petit Inst Bioengn & Biosci, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Gleber, Sophie-Charlotte; Vogt, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shin, Chong Hyun] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol Sci, 315 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Shin, Chong Hyun] Georgia Inst Technol, Petit Inst Bioengn & Biosci, 315 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Fahrni, CJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Fahrni, CJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Petit Inst Bioengn & Biosci, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM fahrni@chemistry.gatech.edu FU National Science Foundation [CHE-1306943]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Robert P. Apkarian Integrated Electron Microscopy Core (RPAIEMC) - Emory College of Arts and Sciences; Emory University School of Medicine FX Financial support by the National Science Foundation (CHE-1306943) is gratefully acknowledged. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The study was also supported in part by the Robert P. Apkarian Integrated Electron Microscopy Core (RPAIEMC), which is subsidized by the Emory College of Arts and Sciences and the Emory University School of Medicine and is one of the Emory Integrated Core Facilities. We thank Dr. Fabian Will (LLS Rowiak LaserLabSolutions GmbH, Hannover, Germany) for performing the TissueSurgeon sample preparations. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1756-5901 EI 1756-591X J9 METALLOMICS JI Metallomics PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 8 IS 10 BP 1122 EP 1130 DI 10.1039/c6mt00073h PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DZ1JF UT WOS:000385594000009 PM 27531414 ER PT J AU Xia, SX Belak, J El-Azab, A AF Xia, Shengxu Belak, James El-Azab, Anter TI The discrete-continuum connection in dislocation dynamics: I. Time coarse graining of cross slip SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE dislocation dynamics; mesocsale plasticity; cross slip; time series analysis ID LOCALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION; ORIENTATION DEPENDENCE; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FCC CRYSTALS; SYSTEMS; SIMULATIONS; ENSEMBLES; EVOLUTION AB A recent continuum dislocation dynamics formalism (Xia and El-Azab 2015 Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 23 055009) has been enriched by incorporating an improved cross slip model. 3D discrete dislocation dynamics simulations were used to collect cross slip rate data in the form of time series that were analysed to estimate the correlation time for cross slip, which was subsequently used as a time scale for local window averaging of the collected cross slip rate data. This time averaging filters out the cross slip rate fluctuations over time intervals less than the correlation time, thus resulting in relatively smoother time series for the cross slip rates. The coarse grained series were further cast in the form of smooth trends with superposed fluctuations and implemented in continuum dislocation dynamics simulations using a Monte Carlo scheme. This approach resulted in a significant improvement of the predicted stress-strain response and a more realistic dislocation cell structure evolution. The similitude law for the average cell size evolution with inverse of stress, however, remains unaffected by the cross slip rates used in continuum dislocation dynamics. C1 [Xia, Shengxu; El-Azab, Anter] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Belak, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP El-Azab, A (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM aelazab@purdue.edu FU Exascale Co-design Center for Materials in Extreme Environments (ExMatEx); DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science program on Advanced Scientific Computing Research FX This work was supported in part by the Exascale Co-design Center for Materials in Extreme Environments (ExMatEx) via a subcontract at Purdue University. The ExMatEx project at LLNL is performed under DOE Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and is supported by US Department of Energy's Office of Science program on Advanced Scientific Computing Research. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 24 IS 7 AR 075007 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/24/7/075007 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DZ2PD UT WOS:000385682800002 ER PT J AU Jeffery, CA AF Jeffery, Christopher A. TI Assessment of Model Error in Limited-Area Simulations of Shallow Water Test Cases on the C-Grid Plane and Sphere SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID LATERAL BOUNDARY SCHEME; PREDICTION MODELS; OCEAN MODELS; EQUATIONS; RELAXATION AB A suite of limited-area test cases for the solution of the shallow water (SW) equations on the plane and sphere is collected and evaluated using the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) modeling system. Included are regional simulations of standard test cases, as well as new viscous and linearized test cases with exact analytic solutions. Four different aspects of model error are isolated and thereby assessed: 1) error generated by grid nonuniformity on the plane and sphere, 2) time-independent (balanced) error and time-dependent (propagating wave) error, 3) lateral boundary implementation error, and 4) error reduction due to a viscous equation set or an absorbing sponge layer. Results show that the nature of model error for these test cases is specific to the geophysical regime: SW flows on a rotating sphere with Froude numbers of O(0.1) and Rossby numbers also of O(0.1). For SW simulations in this context, inward reflection of gravity waves at the domain boundary does not appear to be a driver of instability or a determining factor in solution accuracy. This conclusion has important implications for idealized studies that exclude this geophysical regime, in particular one-dimensional studies of lateral boundary conditions for limited-area models and studies of the absorption of linearized gravity waves at domain boundaries using dynamical relaxation. An old debate over the efficacy of dynamical relaxation for a viscous equation set is addressed; MPAS simulations of an SW test case with and without dynamical relaxation support claims that eddy viscosity does not notably improve solution accuracy or stability. C1 [Jeffery, Christopher A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Sci ISR 2, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Jeffery, CA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR 2, POB 1663,Mail Stop D-436, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cjeffery@lanl.gov FU Earth System Modeling and Regional and Global Climate Modeling programs of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX I thank Todd Ringler for introducing me to the subject area, and for a careful reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Earth System Modeling and Regional and Global Climate Modeling programs of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3591 EP 3610 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00279.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200005 ER PT J AU Daniels, MH Lundquist, KA Mirocha, JD Wiersema, DJ Chow, FK AF Daniels, Megan H. Lundquist, Katherine A. Mirocha, Jeffrey D. Wiersema, David J. Chow, Fotini K. TI A New Vertical Grid Nesting Capability in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; TERRAIN-FOLLOWING COORDINATE; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; COMPLEX TERRAIN; PREDICTION MODELS; RESOLUTION; TURBULENCE; SYSTEM; FLOW AB Mesoscale atmospheric models are increasingly used for high-resolution (<3 km) simulations to better resolve smaller-scale flow details. Increased resolution is achieved using mesh refinement via grid nesting, a procedure where multiple computational domains are integrated either concurrently or in series. A constraint in the concurrent nesting framework offered by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is that mesh refinement is restricted to the horizontal dimensions. This limitation prevents control of the grid aspect ratio, leading to numerical errors due to poor grid quality and preventing grid optimization. Herein, a procedure permitting vertical nesting for one-way concurrent simulation is developed and validated through idealized cases. The benefits of vertical nesting are demonstrated using both mesoscale and large-eddy simulations (LES). Mesoscale simulations of the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) show that vertical grid nesting can alleviate numerical errors due to large aspect ratios on coarse grids, while allowing for higher vertical resolution on fine grids. Furthermore, the coarsening of the parent domain does not result in a significant loss of accuracy on the nested domain. LES of neutral boundary layer flow shows that, by permitting optimal grid aspect ratios on both parent and nested domains, use of vertical nesting yields improved agreement with the theoretical logarithmic velocity profile on both domains. Vertical grid nesting in WRF opens the path forward for multiscale simulations, allowing more accurate simulations spanning a wider range of scales than previously possible. C1 [Daniels, Megan H.; Lundquist, Katherine A.; Mirocha, Jeffrey D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Wiersema, David J.; Chow, Fotini K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lundquist, KA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Engn Div, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lundquist3@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development program [14-ERD-024] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and was supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and the LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development program as Project 14-ERD-024. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 3725 EP 3747 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0049.1 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DY9EA UT WOS:000385435200011 ER PT J AU Hu, EY Lyu, YC Xin, HLL Liu, J Han, LL Bak, SM Bai, JM Yu, XQ Li, H Yang, XQ AF Hu, Enyuan Lyu, Yingchun Xin, Huolin L. Liu, Jue Han, Lili Bak, Seong-Min Bai, Jianming Yu, Xiqian Li, Hong Yang, Xiao-Qing TI Explore the Effects of Microstructural Defects on Voltage Fade of Li- and Mn-Rich Cathodes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE lithium-ion battery; voltage fade; microstructural defect; prelithiation ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; LAYERED COMPOSITE CATHODE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; OXIDE ELECTRODES; HIGH-CAPACITY; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SPINEL PHASE; OXYGEN LOSS; DISORDER; SURFACE AB Li- and Mn-rich (LMR) cathode materials have been considered as promising candidates for energy storage applications due to high energy density. However, these materials suffer from a serious problem of voltage fade. Oxygen loss and the layered-to-spinel phase transition are two major contributors of such voltage fade. In this paper, using a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), pair distribution function (PDF), X-ray absorption (XAS) techniques, and aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), we studied the effects of micro structural defects, especially the grain boundaries, on the oxygen loss and layered-to-spinel phase transition through prelithiation of a model compound Li2Ru0.5Mn0.5O3. It is found that the nanosized micro structural defects, especially the large amount of grain boundaries created by the prelithiation can greatly accelerate the oxygen loss and voltage fade. Defects (such as nanosized grain boundaries) and oxygen release form a positive feedback loop, promote each other during cycling, and accelerate the two major voltage fade contributors: the transition metal reduction and layered-to-spinel phase transition. These results clearly demonstrate the important relationships among the oxygen loss, microstructural defects and voltage fade. The importance of maintaining good crystallinity and protecting the surface of LMR material are also suggested. C1 [Hu, Enyuan; Liu, Jue; Bak, Seong-Min; Yu, Xiqian; Yang, Xiao-Qing] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lyu, Yingchun; Yu, Xiqian; Li, Hong] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Lyu, Yingchun] Shanghai Univ, Mat Genome Inst, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China. [Xin, Huolin L.; Han, Lili] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bai, Jianming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yu, XQ; Yang, XQ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Yu, XQ; Li, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM xyu@iphy.ac.cn; hli@iphy.ac.cn; xyang@bnl.gov RI Yu, Xiqian/B-5574-2014; Hu, Enyuan/D-7492-2016; Li, Hong/C-4643-2008 OI Yu, Xiqian/0000-0001-8513-518X; Hu, Enyuan/0000-0002-1881-4534; Li, Hong/0000-0002-8659-086X FU U.S. Department of Energy, the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies [DE-SC0012704]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012704, DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission [14DZ2261200]; National Science Foundation of China [51325206, 51421002]; "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA09010000]; National project 973 [2012CB932900]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are grateful for the inspiring scientific discussion with Dr. Eric Dooryhee from XPD beamline (28ID) at NSLS-II. The work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. Use of the beamline (28ID) at National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) and STEM at Center for Functional Nanomaterials of Brookhaven National Laboratory were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contracts No. DE-SC0012704. Y.L. is supported by the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No. 14DZ2261200). H.L. is supported by National Science Foundation of China (51325206, 51421002), "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA09010000) and National project 973 (2012CB932900). We acknowledge technical support from the scientists at beamline 12-BM-B and 17-BM-B of APS (ANL), supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Part of this research was conducted at the BL2-2 of Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 57 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 5999 EP 6007 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01609 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800005 PM 27679872 ER PT J AU Ren, XC Singh, AK Fang, L Kanatzidis, MG Tavazza, F Davydov, AV Lauhon, LJ AF Ren, Xiaochen Singh, Arunima K. Fang, Lei Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Tavazza, Francesca Davydov, Albert V. Lauhon, Lincoln J. TI Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Ag Doping in 2D Layered Material (PbSe)(5)(Bi2Se3)(3) SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Atom probe tomography; doping; 2D materials; DFT; Materials genome initiative ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; SINGLE DIRAC CONE; FIELD EVAPORATION; MOS2; GRAPHENE; SURFACE AB Impurity doping in two-dimensional (2D) materials can provide a route to tuning electronic properties, so it is important to be able to determine the distribution of dopant atoms within and between layers. Here we report the totnographic mapping of dopants in layered 2D materials with atomic sensitivity and subnanometer spatial resolution using atom, probe tomography (APT). APT analysis shows that Ag dopes both Bi2Se3 and PbSe layers in (PbSe)(5)(Bi2Se3)(3), and correlations :in the position of Ag atoms suggest a pairing across neighboring Bi2Se3 and PbSe layers. Density functional theory (DFT) calculatiOns confirm the favorability of substitutional-doping for both Pb and Bi and provide insights into the,observed spatial correlations in dopant locations. C1 [Ren, Xiaochen; Lauhon, Lincoln J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Singh, Arunima K.; Tavazza, Francesca; Davydov, Albert V.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Fang, Lei; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Fang, Lei; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lauhon, LJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM lauhon@northwestern.edu RI REN, XIAOCHEN/G-3364-2012 OI REN, XIAOCHEN/0000-0001-5665-1038 FU U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology as part of the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD) [70NANB14H012]; Materials Genome Initiative; Professional Research Experience Postdoctoral Fellowship [70NANB11H012]; National Science Foundation's MRSEC program [DMR-1121262]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Texas Advanced Computing Center [TG-DMR1S0006]; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575] FX This work was performed under the following financial assistance award 70NANB14H012 from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology as part of the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD). F.T. and A.V.D. are funded by the Materials Genome Initiative funding allocated to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A.K.S. is funded by the Professional Research Experience Postdoctoral Fellowship under Award No. 70NANB11H012. Atom probe tomography was performed at the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT), which is a Shared Facility at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University, supported by the National Science Foundation's MRSEC program (DMR-1121262). Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. Computational resources were provided by the Texas Advanced Computing Center under Contract No. TG-DMR1S0006. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. ACI-1053575. The authors thank R. G. Hennig for helpful discussions. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 28 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6064 EP 6069 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02104 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800014 PM 27603879 ER PT J AU Caram, JR Bertram, SN Utzat, H Hess, WR Carr, JA Bischof, TS Beyler, AP Wilson, MWB Bawendi, MG AF Caram, Justin R. Bertram, Sophie N. Utzat, Hendrik Hess, Whitney R. Carr, Jessica A. Bischof, Thomas S. Beyler, Andrew P. Wilson, Mark W. B. Bawendi, Moungi G. TI PbS Nanocrystal Emission Is Governed by Multiple Emissive States SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Colloidal quantum dots; PbS nanocrystals; nanoparticle synthesis; photon correlation. Fourier spectroscopy; semiconductor nanocrystals; spectral linewidth; near infrared emission ID QUANTUM-DOT PHOTOVOLTAICS; SPECTRAL LINEWIDTHS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE; FILMS; TEMPERATURE; ABSORPTION; BANDGAP; GAP AB Lead chalcogenide colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) are promising materials for solution processable Optoelecttonics. However, there is little agreement on the identity and character of PbS NC emission for different degrees of quantum confinement a critical parameter for realizing applications for these nanocrystals. In this work, we combine ensemble and single NC spectroscopies,to interrogate preparations of lead sulfide NCs. We use solution photon correlation Fourier spectroscopy (S-PCFS) to measure the average single NC linewidth of near infrared-emitting PbS quantum dots and find it to be dominated by homogeneous broadening. We further characterize PbS NCs using temperature-dependent linear and time-resolved emission spectroscopy which demonstrate that a kinetically accessed defect state dominates room temperature emission of highly confined emitting.NCs. These experiments, taken together, demonstrate that the linewidth and Stokes shift of PbS NCs are the result of emission from two states: a thermally accessed defect,with ari energetically pinned charge carrier and an inhoinogeneouSly bro'adened band-edge state. C1 [Caram, Justin R.; Bertram, Sophie N.; Utzat, Hendrik; Hess, Whitney R.; Carr, Jessica A.; Bischof, Thomas S.; Beyler, Andrew P.; Wilson, Mark W. B.; Bawendi, Moungi G.] MIT, Dept Chem, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bischof, Thomas S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, 67 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wilson, Mark W. B.] 80 St George St,Rm 241A, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. RP Bawendi, MG (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mgb@mit.edu FU DOE Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-07ER46454]; Department of Energy (DOE) through the DOE Center for Excitonics (an Energy Frontiers Research Center - US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-SC0001088]; DoD; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship [32 CFR 168a] FX This work was primarily funded in part by the DOE Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, under Award No. DE-FG02-07ER46454. S.N.B., T.S.B., and M.W.B.W. were supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) through the DOE Center for Excitonics (an Energy Frontiers Research Center funded by the US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences through Grant DE-SC0001088). J.A.C. and W.R.H. had Government support under and awarded by DoD, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 26 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6070 EP 6077 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02147 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800015 PM 27627129 ER PT J AU Weatherup, RS Shahan, AJ Wang, ZJ Mingard, K Pollard, AJ Willinger, MG Schloegl, R Voorhees, PW Hofmann, S AF Weatherup, Robert S. Shahan, Ashwin J. Wang, Zhu-Jun Mingard, Ken Pollard, Andrew J. Willinger, Marc-Georg Schloegl, Robert Voorhees, Peter W. Hofmann, Stephan TI In Situ Graphene Growth Dynamics on Polycrystalline Catalyst Foils SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; platinum; chemical vapor deposition; growth dynamics; modeling; domain shape ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GRAIN-BOUNDARY DIFFUSION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL GRAPHENE; HEXAGONAL BORON-NITRIDE; PT(111) SURFACE; ATOMISTIC MECHANISMS; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; PHASE-CHANGE; COPPER; CARBON AB The dynamics of graphene growth on polycrystalline Pt foils during chemical vapor deposition (CVD) arelaveitigated using in situ scanning electron microscopy and complementary structural characterization of the catalyst with electron backscatter diffraction. A general growth model outlined that considers precursor dissociation, mass transport, and attachment to the edge of a growing domain. We thereby analyze graphene growth dynamics at different length scales and reveal that the rate -limiting 'step varies throughout the process and across different regions of the catalyst surface, including different facets of an individual. graphene domain. The facets, that define the domain shapes lie normal to Slow growth directions, which are determined, by the. interfacial mobility when attachment to domain edges is rate limiting, as well as anisotropy in surface diffusion as diffusion becomes rate limiting. Our observations and analysis thus reveal that the structure of CVD graphene films is intimately linked to that of the underlying polycrystalline catalyst, with both interfacial mobility and diffusional anisotropy depending on the presence of step edges and grain boundaries. The growth model developed serves as a general framework for understanding and optimizing the growth of 2D materials on polycrystalline catalysts. C1 [Weatherup, Robert S.; Hofmann, Stephan] Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB3 0FA, England. [Weatherup, Robert S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shahan, Ashwin J.; Voorhees, Peter W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Wang, Zhu-Jun; Willinger, Marc-Georg; Schloegl, Robert] Fritz Haber Inst, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Mingard, Ken; Pollard, Andrew J.] Natl Phys Lab, Hampton Rd, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. RP Weatherup, RS (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB3 0FA, England.; Weatherup, RS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rsw31@cam.ac.uk RI Hofmann, Stephan/D-3906-2012; Pollard, Andrew/A-6137-2011 OI Hofmann, Stephan/0000-0001-6375-1459; Pollard, Andrew/0000-0002-6841-2592 FU St. John's College, Cambridge; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (Global) under grant ARTIST from the European Union [656870]; NSF; ERC grant InsituNANO [279342]; EUFP7 Work Programme under grant GRAFOL [285275]; EPSRC [EP/K016636/1]; Strategic Capability programme of the National Measurement System of the U.K Department of Business, Innovation, and Skills [119376] FX R.S.W. acknowledges a Research Fellowship from St. John's College, Cambridge and a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (Global) under grant ARTIST (no. 656870) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. Support for A.J.S. was provided by an NSF graduate research fellowship (DGE-1324585). S.H. acknowledges funding from ERC grant InsituNANO (no. 279342). This research was partially supported by the EUFP7 Work Programme under grant GRAFOL (project reference 285275) and EPSRC under grant GRAPHTED (project reference EP/K016636/1). K.M. and A.J.P. acknowledge financial support from the Strategic Capability programme of the National Measurement System of the U.K Department of Business, Innovation, and Skills (project no. 119376). Figures 3C and 4C were produced in part using the VESTA 3 software.75 NR 74 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 47 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6196 EP 6206 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02459 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800031 ER PT J AU Chen, P Chan, YH Won, MH Fang, XY Chou, MY Mo, SK Hussain, Z Fedorov, AV Chiang, TC AF Chen, P. Chan, Y. -H. Won, M. -H. Fang, X. -Y. Chou, M. Y. Mo, S. -K. Hussain, Z. Fedorov, A. -V. Chiang, T. -C. TI Dimensional Effects on the Charge Density Waves in Ultrathin Films of TiSe2 SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Charge density wave; titanium diselenide; quantum confinement; transition metal dichalcognides; ultrathin film; phase transition ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; PHOTOEMISSION; ORDER AB Charge density wave (CDW) formation in solids is a critical phenomenon involving the collective reorganization of the electrons and atoms in the system into a wave structure, and it is expected to be sensitive to the geometric constraint of the system at the nanoscale. Here, we study the CDW transition in TiSe2, a quasi-two-dimensional layered material, to determine the effects of quantum confinement and changing dimensions in films ranging from a single layer to multilayers. Of key interest is the characteristic length scale for the transformation from a two-dimensional case to the three-dimensional limit. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements of films with thicknesses up to six layers reveal substantial variations in the energy structure of discrete quantum well states; however, the temperature-dependent band gap renormalization,converges at just three layers. The results indicate a layer-dependent mixture of two transition temperatures and a very-short-range CDW interaction within a three-dimensional framework. C1 [Chen, P.; Won, M. -H.; Fang, X. -Y.; Chiang, T. -C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chen, P.; Won, M. -H.; Fang, X. -Y.; Chiang, T. -C.] Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, 104 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chen, P.; Mo, S. -K.; Hussain, Z.; Fedorov, A. -V.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chan, Y. -H.; Chou, M. Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Chou, M. Y.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Chou, M. Y.; Chiang, T. -C.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Chiang, TC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Chiang, TC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, 104 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Chiang, TC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM tcchiang@illinois.edu RI Mo, Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013; Chou, Mei-Yin/D-3898-2012 OI Mo, Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514; FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science (OS), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-FG02-07ER46383]; US NSF [1542747]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Thematic Project at Academia Sinica FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science (OS), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46383 (T.C.C.). M.Y.C. acknowledges support from the US NSF under Grant No. 1542747. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Y.H.C. is supported by a Thematic Project at Academia Sinica. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 32 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6331 EP 6336 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02710 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800049 PM 27648493 ER PT J AU Lu, HD Wang, B Li, T Lipatov, A Lee, H Rajapitamahuni, A Xu, RJ Hong, X Farokhipoor, S Martin, LW Eom, CB Chen, LQ Sinitskii, A Gruyerman, A AF Lu, Haidong Wang, Bo Li, Tao Lipatov, Alexey Lee, Hyungwoo Rajapitamahuni, Anil Xu, Ruijuan Hong, Xia Farokhipoor, Saeedeh Martin, Lane W. Eom, Chang-Beom Chen, Long-Qing Sinitskii, Alexander Gruyerman, Alexei TI Nanodomain Engineering in Ferroelectric Capacitors with Graphene Electrodes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Flexoelectric switching; graphene; domain engineering; ferroelectric films ID PIEZORESPONSE FORCE MICROSCOPY; BATIO3 THIN-FILMS; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; DOMAIN-WALLS; NANOSCALE; CONDUCTION; THICKNESS; MEMRISTOR; STABILITY; EVOLUTION AB Polarization switching in ferroelectric capacitors is typically realized by application of an electrical bias to the capacitor electrodes and occurs via a complex process of domain structure reorganization. As the domain evolution in real devices is governed by the distribution of the nucleation centers, obtaining a domain structure of a desired configuration by electrical pulsing is challenging, if not impossible. Recent discovery of polarization reversal via the flexoelectric effect has opened a possibility for deterministic control of polarization in ferroelectric capacitors. In this paper, we demonstrate mechanical writing of arbitrary-shaped nanoscale domains in thin-film ferroelectric capacitors with graphene electrodes facilitated by a strain gradient induced by a tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM). A phase-field modeling prediction of a strong effect of graphene thickness on the threshold load required to initiate mechanical switching has been confirmed experimentally. Deliberate voltage-free domain writing represents a viable approach for development of functional devices based on domain topology and electronic properties of the domains and domain walls. C1 [Lu, Haidong; Li, Tao; Rajapitamahuni, Anil; Hong, Xia; Gruyerman, Alexei] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Wang, Bo; Chen, Long-Qing] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lipatov, Alexey; Sinitskii, Alexander] Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Lee, Hyungwoo; Eom, Chang-Beom] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1509 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Farokhipoor, Saeedeh] Univ Groningen, Zernike Inst Adv Mat, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. [Xu, Ruijuan; Martin, Lane W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Martin, Lane W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sinitskii, Alexander; Gruyerman, Alexei] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Gruyerman, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.; Gruyerman, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RI Lipatov, Alexey/C-2273-2013; Hong, Xia/B-6710-2014 OI Lipatov, Alexey/0000-0001-5043-1616; Hong, Xia/0000-0002-7873-5774 FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) through Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-1420645, ECCS-1509874]; Center for Nanoferroic Devices (CNFD), a Semiconductor Research Corporation Nanoelectronics Research Initiative (SRC-NRI) [2398.002]; NIST; Nanoelectronics Research Corporation (NERC); Army Research Office [W911NF-13-1-0486]; NSF [DMR-1210588, OCI-0821527, DMR-1148783]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1434147, DMR-1451219] FX The work at the University of Nebraska was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) through Materials Research Science and Engineering Center under Grant DMR-1420645 (thin film fabrication) and under Grant ECCS-1509874 (graphene fabrication and electrical characterization). A.G. and T.L. acknowledge the support by the Center for Nanoferroic Devices (CNFD), a Semiconductor Research Corporation Nanoelectronics Research Initiative (SRC-NRI) under Task ID 2398.002, sponsored by NIST and the Nanoelectronics Research Corporation (NERC). The work at University of Wisconsin-Madison was supported by the Army Research Office Grant W911NF-13-1-0486. The work at Pennsylvania State University (modeling) was supported by the NSF through Grants DMR-1210588. The computer simulations were carried out on the LION and cyberstar clusters at the Pennsylvania State University, in part supported by instrumentation (cyberstar Linux cluster) funded by the NSF through Grant OCI-0821527. X.H. and A.R. acknowledge the support by NSF CAREER Grant DMR-1148783. The work at the University of California, Berkeley, was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants CMMI-1434147 (R.X.) and DMR-1451219 (L.W.M.). NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 46 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6460 EP 6466 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02963 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800068 PM 27662071 ER PT J AU Wang, JF Zhong, Y Wang, L Zhan, N Cao, RH Bian, KF Alarid, L Haddad, RE Bai, F Fan, HY AF Wang, Jiefei Zhong, Yong Wang, Liang Zhan, Na Cao, Ronghui Bian, Kaifu Alarid, Leanne Haddad, Raid E. Bai, Feng Fan, Hongyou TI Morphology-Controlled Synthesis and Metalation of Porphyrin Nanoparticles with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Porphyrin; nanocrystals; photocatalysis; self-assembly; metclation ID HOLLOW NANOSTRUCTURES; SILVER NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; GOLD; REPLACEMENT AB The design and engineering of the size, shape, and chemistry of photoactive building blocks enables the fabrication of functional nanoparticles for applications in light harvesting, photocatalytic synthesis, water splitting, phototherapy, and photodegradation. Here, we report the synthesis of such nanoparticles through a surfactant-assisted interfacial self-assembly process using optically active porphyrin as a functional building block. The self-assembly process relies on specific interactions such as p-p stacking and metalation (metal atoms and ligand coordination) between individual porphyrin building blocks. Depending on the kinetic conditions and type of surfactants, resulting structures exhibit well-defined one- to three-dimensional morphologies such as nanowires, nanooctahedra, and hierarchically ordered internal architectures. Specifically, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction results indicate that these nanoparticles exhibit stable single-crystalline and nanoporous frameworks. Due to the hierarchical ordering of the porphyrins, the nanoparticles exhibit collective optical properties resulted from coupling of molecular porphyrins and photocatalytic activities such as photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) pollutants and hydrogen production. C1 [Wang, Jiefei; Zhong, Yong; Wang, Liang; Zhan, Na; Cao, Ronghui; Bai, Feng] Henan Univ, Key Lab Special Funct Mat, Minist Educ, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jiefei; Zhong, Yong; Wang, Liang; Zhan, Na; Cao, Ronghui; Bai, Feng] Henan Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Nano Funct Mat & Applicat, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China. [Alarid, Leanne; Haddad, Raid E.; Bai, Feng; Fan, Hongyou] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, NSF Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Bian, Kaifu; Fan, Hongyou] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Bai, F (reprint author), Henan Univ, Key Lab Special Funct Mat, Minist Educ, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China.; Bai, F (reprint author), Henan Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Nano Funct Mat & Applicat, Kaifeng 475004, Peoples R China.; Bai, F; Fan, HY (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, NSF Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.; Fan, HY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM baifengsun@gmail.com; hfan@sandia.gov RI Zhong, Yong/N-1586-2014 OI Zhong, Yong/0000-0003-1446-3148 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; National Natural Science Foundation of China [21422102, 21171049, 50828302]; Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province [13HASTIT009]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT_15R18]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. FB acknowledged the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 21422102, 21171049, and 50828302), the Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province (no. 13HASTIT009), and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (no. IRT_15R18). Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by the Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 44 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6523 EP 6528 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03135 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800078 PM 27617350 ER PT J AU Yu, L Yan, ZY Cai, ZH Zhang, DT Han, P Cheng, XM Sun, YG AF Yu, Le Yan, Zhongying Cai, Zhonghou Zhang, Dongtang Han, Ping Cheng, Xuemei Sun, Yugang TI Quantitatively in Situ Imaging Silver Nanowire Hollowing Kinetics SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE transmission X-ray microscopy; Kirkendall effect; void formation; diffusion coefficient; silver nanowire; nanotubes ID KIRKENDALL; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTUBES; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; DIFFUSION; OXIDATION; SPHERES AB We report the in situ investigation of the morphological evolution of silver nanowires to hollow silver oxide nanotubes using transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM). Complex silver diffusion kinetics and hollowing process via the Kirkendall effect have been captured in real time. Further quantitative X-ray absorption analysis reveals the difference between the longitudinal and radial diffusions. The diffusion coefficient of silver in its oxide nanoshell is, for the first time, calculated to be 1.2 X 10(-13) cm(2)/s from the geometrical parameters extracted from the TXM images. C1 [Yu, Le; Han, Ping] Nanjing Univ, Sch Elect Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Yu, Le; Yan, Zhongying; Cheng, Xuemei] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Phys, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. [Cai, Zhonghou] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zhang, Dongtang; Sun, Yugang] Temple Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Cheng, XM (reprint author), Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Phys, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.; Sun, YG (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM xcheng@brynmawr.edu; ygsun@temple.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [1207085]; Temple University; China Scholarship Council FX The in situ TXM experiments were conducted at beamline 32-ID-C of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory with assistance of Dr. Yuxin Wang. Use of the Advanced Photon Source and the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at Bryn Mawr College is supported by NSF grant #1207085. Y.S. acknowledges the support of startup fund from Temple University. Le Yu is supported by the China Scholarship Council fellowship. The authors appreciate Dr. Yuxin Wang for his help in TXM measurements. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6555 EP 6559 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03218 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800083 PM 27680948 ER PT J AU Wu, ZL Hu, GX Jiang, DE Mullins, DR Zhang, QF Allard, LF Wang, LS Overbury, SH AF Wu, Zili Hu, Guoxiang Jiang, De-en Mullins, David R. Zhang, Qian-Fan Allard, Lawrence F., Jr. Wang, Lai-Sheng Overbury, Steven H. TI Diphosphine-Protected Au-22 Nanoclusters on Oxide Supports Are Active for Gas-Phase Catalysis without Ligand Removal SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Gold nanoclusters; ligands; uncoordinated sites; CO oxidation; oxide support ID TEMPERATURE CO OXIDATION; GOLD NANOCLUSTERS; METAL NANOCLUSTERS; AU/SIO2 CATALYST; PERIMETER SITES; CLUSTERS; SURFACE; OXYGEN; NANOPARTICLES; INSIGHT AB Investigation of atomically precise Au nanoclusters provides a route to understand the roles of coordination; size, and ligand effects on Au catalysis. Herein, we explored the catalytic behavior of a newly synthesized Au-22(L-8)(6) nanocluster uncoordinated Au sites supported on TiO2, CeO2, and Al2O3. Stability of the supported Au-22 nanoclusters was probed structurally by in situ extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and high-angle annular dark,field scanning transmission electron microcopy (HAADF-STEM), and their ability to adsorb and oxidize CO was investigated by IR absorption spectroscopy and a temperature-programmed flow-reaction. Low-temperature CO oxidation activity was observed for the supported pristine Au-22(L-8)(6) nanoclusters without ligand, removal. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the eight uncoordinated Au sites In the intact Au-22(L-8)(6) nanoclusters can chemisorb both CO and O-2. Use of isotopically labeled O-2 demonstrated that the reaction pathway,occurs mainly through a redox mechanism consistent with the Observed, support-dependent activity trend of CeO2 > TiO2 > Al2O3. We conclude that the uncoordinated Au sites in the intact Au-22(L-8)(6) nanoclusters are capable of adsorbing CO, activating O-2, and catalyzing CO oxidation reaction. This work is the first clear demonstration of a ligand-protected intact Au nanoduster that is active for gas-phase catalysis without the need of ligand removal. C1 [Wu, Zili; Mullins, David R.; Overbury, Steven H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wu, Zili; Mullins, David R.; Overbury, Steven H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hu, Guoxiang; Jiang, De-en] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zhang, Qian-Fan; Wang, Lai-Sheng] Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Allard, Lawrence F., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wu, ZL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Wu, ZL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wuzl@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6560 EP 6567 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03221 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800084 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZH Mannix, AJ Hu, ZL Kiraly, B Guisinger, NP Hersam, MC Yakobson, BI AF Zhang, Zhuhua Mannix, Andrew J. Hu, Zhili Kiraly, Brian Guisinger, Nathan P. Hersam, Mark C. Yakobson, Boris I. TI Substrate-Induced Nanoscale Undulations of Borophene on Silver SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Boron nanostructure; substrate; two-dimensional material; atomic structure; defect; density functional theory calculation ID MISSING-ROW RECONSTRUCTION; 2-DIMENSIONAL BORON; STRETCHABLE ELECTRONICS; SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION; GRAPHENE; TRANSITION; AG(110); VACANCY; TEMPERATURE; MECHANICS AB Two-dimensional (2D) materials tend to be mechanically flexible yet planar, especially when adhered on metal substrates. Here, we show by first-principles calculations :that periodic nanoscale one-dimensional undulations can be Preferred in borophenes on concertedly reconstructed Ag(111). This "wavy" configuration is more stable than its planar form on :flat Ag(111) due to anisotropic high bending flexibility of borophene that is also well described by a continuum model. Atomic-scale ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy characterization of borophene grown on Ag(111) reveals such undulations, which agree with theory in, terms of topography, wavelength, Moire pattern, and prevalence of vacancy defects. Although the lattice is coherent within a borophene island, the undulations nucleated from different sides of the island form, a distinctive domain boundary when they are laterally misaligned. This structural model suggests that the transfer of undulated borophene onto an elastomeric substrate would allow for high levels of stretchability and compressibility with potential applications to emerging stretchable and foldable devices. C1 [Zhang, Zhuhua; Hu, Zhili; Yakobson, Boris I.] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Zhang, Zhuhua; Hu, Zhili; Yakobson, Boris I.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Mannix, Andrew J.; Kiraly, Brian; Guisinger, Nathan P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 440, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mannix, Andrew J.; Kiraly, Brian; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Yakobson, BI (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Yakobson, BI (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Guisinger, NP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 440, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Hersam, MC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM nguisinger@anl.gov; m-hersam@northwestern.edu; biy@rice.edu RI Zhang, Zhuhua/E-8162-2012 FU Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy SISGR [DE-FG02-09ER16109]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-14-1-0669]; National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship Program [DGE-1324585, DGE-0824162]; US DOE Office of Science [DE-SC0012547] FX Computer resources were provided by XSEDE under allocation TG-DMR100029 and TG-DMR150082 and the DAVinCI cluster. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A.J.M., B.K., M.C.H., and N.P.G acknowledge support by the U.S. Department of Energy SISGR (contract no. DE-FG02-09ER16109), the Office of Naval Research (grant no. N00014-14-1-0669), and the National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship Program (DGE-1324585 and DGE-0824162). Z.Z., Z.H., and B.I.Y. acknowledge support by the US DOE Office of Science grant DE-SC0012547. Z.Z. and B.I.Y. are grateful to Kevin Kelly for helpful discussions. NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 60 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6622 EP 6627 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03349 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800093 PM 27657852 ER PT J AU Yang, X Roling, LT Vara, M Elnabawy, AO Zhao, M Hood, ZD Bao, SX Mavrikakis, M Xia, YA AF Yang, Xuan Roling, Luke T. Vara, Madeline Elnabawy, Ahmed O. Zhao, Ming Hood, Zachary D. Bao, Shixiong Mavrikakis, Manos Xia, Younan TI Synthesis and Characterization of Pt-Ag Alloy Nanocages with Enhanced Activity and Durability toward Oxygen Reduction SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE platinum-based catalyst; nanocage; Pt-Ag alloy; oxygen reduction reaction; density functional theory ID SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; BY-LAYER DEPOSITION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PLATINUM; NANOPARTICLES; NANOBOXES; CATALYSTS; CHALLENGES; NANOCUBES; SURFACES AB Engineering the elemental composition of metal nano crystals offers an effective strategy for the development of catalysts Or electrocatalysts with greatly enhanced activity. Herein, we report the synthesis of Pt-Ag, alloy nanocages with an outer edge length of 18 nm and a wall thickness of about 3 nm. Such nanocages with a composition of Pt19Ag81 could be readily prepared in one step through the galvanic replacement reaction between Ag nanocubes and a Pt(II) precursor. After 10 090 cycles of potential cycling in the range of 0.60-1.0 V as in an accelerated durability test, the composition of the nanocages changed to Pt56Ag44, together with a specific activity of 1.23 mA cm(-2) toward oxygen reduction, which was 3.3 times that of a state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.37 mA cm(-2)) prior to durability testing. Density functional theory calculations attributed the increased activity to the stabilization of the transition state for breaking the O-O bond in molecular oxygen. Even after 30 000 cycles of potential cycling) the Mass activity of the nanocages only dropped from 0.64 to 0.33 A mg(Pt)(-1), which was still about two times that of the pristine Pt/C catalyst (0.19 A mg(Pt)(-1)). C1 [Yang, Xuan; Bao, Shixiong; Xia, Younan] Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Yang, Xuan; Bao, Shixiong; Xia, Younan] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Roling, Luke T.; Elnabawy, Ahmed O.; Mavrikakis, Manos] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Vara, Madeline; Zhao, Ming; Hood, Zachary D.; Xia, Younan] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Hood, Zachary D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xia, YA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Xia, YA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Mavrikakis, M (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Xia, YA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM manos@engr.wisc.edu; younan.xia@bme.gatech.edu RI Roling, Luke/B-8793-2015; Xia, Younan/E-8499-2011 OI Roling, Luke/0000-0001-9742-2573; FU Georgia Tech; DOE-BES (Office of Chemical Sciences) [DE-FG02-05ER15731]; Graduate Research Fellowship award from National Science Foundation [DGE-1148903]; Georgia Tech-ORNL Fellowship; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a DOE Office of Science User Facility by DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; UW-Madison Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC); UW-Madison; Advanced Computing Initiative; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported in part by start-up funds from Georgia Tech and a grant from DOE-BES (Office of Chemical Sciences, grant DE-FG02-05ER15731). Z.D.H. gratefully acknowledges a Graduate Research Fellowship award from the National Science Foundation (DGE-1148903) and the Georgia Tech-ORNL Fellowship. Calculations were performed at supercomputing centers located at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, which is sponsored by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory, supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-06CH11357; the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-05CH11231; and the UW-Madison Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC), supported by UW-Madison, the Advanced Computing Initiative, the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, and the National Science Foundation. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 65 U2 65 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6644 EP 6649 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03395 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800096 PM 27661446 ER PT J AU Cherqui, C Wu, YY Li, GL Quillin, SC Busche, JA Thakkar, N West, CA Montoni, NP Rack, PD Camden, JP Masiello, DJ AF Cherqui, Charles Wu, Yueying Li, Guoliang Quillin, Steven C. Busche, Jacob A. Thakkar, Niket West, Claire A. Montoni, Nicholas P. Rack, Philip D. Camden, Jon P. Masiello, David J. TI STEM/EELS Imaging of Magnetic Hybridization in Symmetric and Symmetry-Broken Plasmon Oligomer Dimers and All-Magnetic Fano Interference SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Electron energy-loss spectroscopy; magnetic plasmon oligomers; metamaterials; Fano interference ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCES; INTERPLAY; MODES; METAMOLECULES; PROPAGATION; FREQUENCIES; RESPONSES; DARK AB Negative-index metamaterials composed of magnetic plasmon oligomers are actively being investigated for their potential role in optical cloaking, superlensing, and nanolithography applications. A significant improvement to their practicality lies in the ability to function at multiple distinct wavelengths, in the visible part of spectrum. Here we utilize the nanometer spatial-resolving power of electron energy-loss spectroscopy to conclusively demonstrate hybridization of magnetic plasmons in oligomer dimers that can achieve this goal. We also show that breaking the dimer's symmetry can induce all-magnetic Fano interferences based solely on the interplay of bright and dark magnetic modes, allowing us to further tailor the system's optical responses. These features are engineered through the design of the oligomer's underlying nanoparticle elements as elongated Ag nanodisks with spectrally isolated long-axis plasmon resonances. The resulting magnetic plasmon oligomers and their hybridized assemblies establish a new design paradigm for optical metamaterials with rich functionality. C1 [Cherqui, Charles; Quillin, Steven C.; Busche, Jacob A.; West, Claire A.; Montoni, Nicholas P.; Masiello, David J.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thakkar, Niket; Masiello, David J.] Univ Washington, Dept Appl Math, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wu, Yueying; Rack, Philip D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Li, Guoliang; Camden, Jon P.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Rack, Philip D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cherqui, C; Masiello, DJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Masiello, DJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Appl Math, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Rack, PD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Camden, JP (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.; Rack, PD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM cherqui@uw.edu; prack@utk.edu; jon.camden@nd.edu; masiello@uw.edu RI Li, Guoliang/M-6614-2014 OI Li, Guoliang/0000-0003-3798-8422 FU NSF [CBET-1603780]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0010536]; Notre Dame Energy postdoctoral fellowship; National Science Foundation [CHE-1253775]; NSF XSEDE [PHY-130045]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-1256082] FX P.D.R acknowledges support from NSF Grant CBET-1603780. The authors acknowledge that the nanofabrication was performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, under award number DE-SC0010536 G.L., Y.W.). G.L. also acknowledges support from a Notre Dame Energy postdoctoral fellowship. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation's CAREER program under award number CHE-1253775 (D.J.M.), NSF XSEDE resources under award number PHY-130045 (D.J.M.), and the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program under award number DGE-1256082 (N.T.). The authors gratefully acknowledge CytoVivo, Inc. for providing hyperspectral visible near-infrared dark-field microscope of the single-ring oligomer. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 6668 EP 6676 DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03504 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY9QI UT WOS:000385469800100 PM 27673696 ER PT J AU Lin, JT Tong, D Davis, S Ni, RJ Tan, XX Pan, D Zhao, HY Lu, ZF Streets, D Feng, T Zhang, Q Yan, YY Hu, YY Li, J Liu, Z Jiang, XJ Geng, GN He, KB Huang, Y Guan, DB AF Lin, Jintai Tong, Dan Davis, Steven Ni, Ruijing Tan, Xiaoxiao Pan, Da Zhao, Hongyan Lu, Zifeng Streets, David Feng, Tong Zhang, Qiang Yan, Yingying Hu, Yongyun Li, Jing Liu, Zhu Jiang, Xujia Geng, Guannan He, Kebin Huang, Yi Guan, Dabo TI Global climate forcing of aerosols embodied in international trade SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION; ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; CHINA; EMISSIONS; CARBON AB International trade separates regions consuming goods and services from regions where goods and related aerosol pollution are produced. Yet the role of trade in aerosol climate forcing attributed to different regions has never been quantified. Here, we contrast the direct radiative forcing of aerosols related to regions' consumption of goods and services against the forcing due to emissions produced in each region. Aerosols assessed include black carbon, primary organic aerosol, and secondary inorganic aerosols, including sulfate, nitrate and ammonium. We find that global aerosol radiative forcing due to emissions produced in East Asia is much stronger than the forcing related to goods and services ultimately consumed in that region because of its large net export of emissions-intensive goods. The opposite is true for net importers such as Western Europe and North America: global radiative forcing related to consumption is much greater than the forcing due to emissions produced in these regions. Overall, trade is associated with a shift of radiative forcing from net importing to net exporting regions. Compared to greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, the short atmospheric lifetimes of aerosols cause large localized differences between consumption-and production-related radiative forcing. International efforts to reduce emissions in the exporting countries will help alleviate trade-related climate and health impacts of aerosols while lowering global emissions. C1 [Lin, Jintai; Ni, Ruijing; Tan, Xiaoxiao; Yan, Yingying; Hu, Yongyun; Li, Jing] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Tong, Dan; Zhao, Hongyan; Feng, Tong; Zhang, Qiang; Jiang, Xujia; Geng, Guannan] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Davis, Steven] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Tan, Xiaoxiao; Huang, Yi] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B9, Canada. [Pan, Da] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lu, Zifeng; Streets, David] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liu, Zhu] CALTECH, Resnick Sustainabil Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [He, Kebin] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [He, Kebin] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Reg Environm Qual, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Guan, Dabo] Univ East Anglia, Sch Int Dev, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Lin, JT (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.; Zhang, Q (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.; Huang, Y (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 0B9, Canada. EM linjt@pku.edu.cn; qiangzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn; yi.huang@mcgill.ca RI Lin, Jintai/A-8872-2012; Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Huang, Yi/E-9479-2016; OI Lin, Jintai/0000-0002-2362-2940; Huang, Yi/0000-0002-5065-4198; Guan, Dabo/0000-0003-3773-3403 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [41422502, 41222036]; 973 program [2014CB441303, 2014CB441301]; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) [10010002399]; Modeling, Analysis and Predictability (MAP) programme of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [08-MAP-0143]; NSFC [41501605, 41328008]; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0602604]; UK Economic and Social Research Council [ES/L016028/1]; Natural Environment Research Council [NE/N00714X/1] FX This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; 41422502 and 41222036), the 973 program (2014CB441303 and 2014CB441301), and World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF; 10010002399). Z.Lu and D.S. acknowledge the support of the Modeling, Analysis and Predictability (MAP) programme of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under Proposal No. 08-MAP-0143. Z.Liu acknowledges the support of NSFC (41501605). D.G. acknowledges the support of NSFC (41328008), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0602604), the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ES/L016028/1), and the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/N00714X/1). NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 EI 1752-0908 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 9 IS 10 BP 790 EP + DI 10.1038/NGEO2798 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DY8IL UT WOS:000385373000017 ER PT J AU He, Y Zhong, L Fan, FF Wang, CM Zhu, T Mao, SX AF He, Yang Zhong, Li Fan, Feifei Wang, Chongmin Zhu, Ting Mao, Scott X. TI In situ observation of shear-driven amorphization in silicon crystals SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THEORETICAL STRENGTH; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PLASTICITY; DEFORMATION; COMPRESSION; TRANSITION; FRACTURE AB Amorphous materials are used for both structural and functional applications(1-5). An amorphous solid usually forms under driven conditions such as melt quenching(4), irradiation(6), shock loading(7-9) or severe mechanical deformation(10). Such extreme conditions impose significant challenges on the direct observation of the amorphization process. Various experimental techniques have been used to detect how the amorphous phases form, including synchrotron X-ray diffraction(11), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)(12) and Raman spectroscopy(13), but a dynamic, atomistic characterization has remained elusive. Here, by using in situ high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), we show the dynamic amorphization process in silicon nanocrystals during mechanical straining on the atomic scale. We find that shear-driven amorphization occurs in a dominant shear band starting with the diamond-cubic (dc) to diamond-hexagonal (dh) phase transition and then proceeds by dislocation nucleation and accumulation in the newly formed dh-Si phase. This process leads to the formation of an amorphous Si (a-Si) band, embedded with dh-Si nanodomains. The amorphization of dc-Si via an intermediate dh-Si phase is a previously unknown pathway of solid-state amorphization. C1 [He, Yang; Zhong, Li; Mao, Scott X.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Fan, Feifei; Zhu, Ting] Georgia Inst Technol, Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Wang, Chongmin] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Zhu, Ting] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chongmin.wang@pnnl.gov; ting.zhu@me.gatech.edu; sxm2@pitt.edu RI Zhu, Ting/A-2206-2009 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) through the University of Pittsburgh [CMMI 1536811]; NSF [DMR 1410331]; US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNN; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO1830] FX S.X.M. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (NSF, CMMI 1536811) through the University of Pittsburgh. T.Z. acknowledges support from the NSF (DMR 1410331). This work was performed, in part, at the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC05-76RLO1830). This work was performed in part at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The authors thank J.Y. Huang for his support on TEM, Z. Zeng for assistance with atomistic simulations and B.M. Nguyen in Los Alamos National Laboratory, X. Dai in Nanyang Technology University, and S. Krylyuk and A.V. Davydov at the National Institute of Standards and Technology for supplying samples. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 28 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 11 IS 10 BP 866 EP + DI 10.1038/NNANO.2016.166 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DZ4BQ UT WOS:000385802900011 PM 27643458 ER PT J AU Hayes, IM McDonald, RD Breznay, NP Helm, T Moll, PJW Wartenbe, M Shekhter, A Analytis, JG AF Hayes, Ian M. McDonald, Ross D. Breznay, Nicholas P. Helm, Toni Moll, Philip J. W. Wartenbe, Mark Shekhter, Arkady Analytis, James G. TI Scaling between magnetic field and temperature in the high-temperature superconductor BaFe2(As1-xPx)(2) SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CRITICAL-POINT; RESISTIVITY AB Many exotic metallic systems have a resistivity that varies linearly with temperature, and the physics behind this is thought to be connected to high-temperature superconductivity in the cuprates and iron pnictides(1-9). Although this phenomenon has attracted considerable attention, it is unclear how the relevant physics manifests in other transport properties, for example their response to an applied magnetic field. We report measurements of the high-field magnetoresistance of the iron pnictide superconductor BaFe2(As1-xPx)(2) and find that it obeys an unusual scaling relationship between applied magnetic field and temperature, with a conversion factor given simply by the ratio of the Bohr magneton and the Boltzmann constant. This suggests that magnetic fields probe the same physics that gives rise to the T-linear resistivity, providing a new experimental clue to this long-standing puzzle. C1 [Hayes, Ian M.; Breznay, Nicholas P.; Helm, Toni; Moll, Philip J. W.; Analytis, James G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hayes, Ian M.; Breznay, Nicholas P.; Helm, Toni; Analytis, James G.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McDonald, Ross D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wartenbe, Mark; Shekhter, Arkady] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Analytis, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Analytis, JG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM analytis@berkeley.edu RI Shekhter, Arkady/H-4941-2015 OI Shekhter, Arkady/0000-0003-1550-3690 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Quantum Materials FWP; US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundations EPiQS Initiative [GBMF4374]; National Science Foundation Cooperative [DMR 1157490]; Department of Energy FX I.M.H. and N.P.B. acknowledge support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. T.H. was supported by the Quantum Materials FWP, US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. A portion of this work was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundations EPiQS Initiative through Grant GBMF4374. A portion of this work was completed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory's Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is supported through National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR 1157490 and the Department of Energy. R.D.M. acknowledges US DOE BES-Science of 100 Tesla. The authors extend their gratitude to the scientific and technical support staff of the NHMFL Pulsed Field Facility, particularly B.J. Ramshaw and the 100 Tesla operations team. The authors also thank S. Kivelson, P. Coleman, D. Maslov, A. Chubukov and P. Phillips for helpful discussions. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 916 EP 919 DI 10.1038/NPHYS3773 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY7VP UT WOS:000385337700013 ER PT J AU Stan, CA Milathianaki, D Laksmono, H Sierra, RG McQueen, TA Messerschmidt, M Williams, GJ Koglin, JE Lane, TJ Hayes, MJ Guillet, SAH Liang, MN Aquila, AL Willmott, PR Robinson, JS Gumerlock, KL Botha, S Nass, K Schlichting, I Shoeman, RL Stone, HA Boutet, S AF Stan, Claudiu A. Milathianaki, Despina Laksmono, Hartawan Sierra, Raymond G. McQueen, Trevor A. Messerschmidt, Marc Williams, Garth J. Koglin, Jason E. Lane, Thomas J. Hayes, Matt J. Guillet, Serge A. H. Liang, Mengning Aquila, Andrew L. Willmott, Philip R. Robinson, Joseph S. Gumerlock, Karl L. Botha, Sabine Nass, Karol Schlichting, Ilme Shoeman, Robert L. Stone, Howard A. Boutet, Sebastien TI Liquid explosions induced by X-ray laser pulses SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; COHERENT-LIGHT SOURCE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; WATER; DYNAMICS; PRESSURE; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFRACTION; INSTRUMENT; MECHANISMS AB Explosions are spectacular and intriguing phenomena that expose the dynamics of matter under extreme conditions. We investigated, using time-resolved imaging, explosions induced by ultraintense X-ray laser pulses in water drops and jets. Our observations revealed an explosive vaporization followed by high-velocity interacting flows of liquid and vapour, and by the generation of shock trains in the liquid jets. These flows are different from those previously observed in laser ablation, owing to a simpler spatial pattern of X-ray absorption. We show that the explosion dynamics in our experiments is consistent with a redistribution of absorbed energy, mediated by a pressure or shock wave in the liquid, and we model the effects of explosions, including their adverse impact on X-ray laser experiments. X-ray laser explosions have predictable dynamics that may prove useful for controlling the state of pure liquids over broad energy scales and timescales, and for triggering pressure-sensitive molecular dynamics in solutions. C1 [Stan, Claudiu A.; Laksmono, Hartawan; Sierra, Raymond G.] Stanford PULSE, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Milathianaki, Despina; Messerschmidt, Marc; Williams, Garth J.; Koglin, Jason E.; Lane, Thomas J.; Hayes, Matt J.; Guillet, Serge A. H.; Liang, Mengning; Aquila, Andrew L.; Willmott, Philip R.; Robinson, Joseph S.; Gumerlock, Karl L.; Boutet, Sebastien] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [McQueen, Trevor A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, SUNCAT Ctr Interface Sci & Catalysis, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Willmott, Philip R.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Botha, Sabine; Nass, Karol; Schlichting, Ilme; Shoeman, Robert L.] Max Planck Inst Med Res, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Stone, Howard A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Messerschmidt, Marc] Natl Sci Fdn, BioXFEL Sci & Technol Ctr, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. [Williams, Garth J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Botha, Sabine] Univ Hamburg, Dept Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. RP Stan, CA (reprint author), Stanford PULSE, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM cstan@slac.stanford.edu FU in-house research programme at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Max Planck Society; Human Frontiers Science Project [RPG005/2011]; SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program FX The work was primarily supported by the in-house research programme at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, and by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division. Use of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-AC02-76SF00515. S.Botha, K.N., I.S. and R.L.S. acknowledge support from the Max Planck Society. The development of the optical imaging set-up was partially supported by the Human Frontiers Science Project Award RPG005/2011, and by the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. We thank R. Curtis for his assistance in assembling the experiment and S. Hau-Riege for discussions. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 20 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 966 EP 971 DI 10.1038/NPHYS3779 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY7VP UT WOS:000385337700021 ER PT J AU Mann, IR Ozeke, LG Murphy, KR Claudepierre, SG Turner, DL Baker, DN Rae, IJ Kale, A Milling, DK Boyd, AJ Spence, HE Reeves, GD Singer, HJ Dimitrakoudis, S Daglis, IA Honary, F AF Mann, I. R. Ozeke, L. G. Murphy, K. R. Claudepierre, S. G. Turner, D. L. Baker, D. N. Rae, I. J. Kale, A. Milling, D. K. Boyd, A. J. Spence, H. E. Reeves, G. D. Singer, H. J. Dimitrakoudis, S. Daglis, I. A. Honary, F. TI Explaining the dynamics of the ultra-relativistic third Van Allen radiation belt SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON ACCELERATION; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; MAGNETIC STORM; CHORUS WAVES; DIFFUSION; DROPOUTS; LOSSES; RING AB Since the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts over 50 years ago, an explanation for their complete dynamics has remained elusive. Especially challenging is understanding the recently discovered ultra-relativistic third electron radiation belt. Current theory asserts that loss in the heart of the outer belt, essential to the formation of the third belt, must be controlled by high-frequency plasma wave-particle scattering into the atmosphere, via whistler mode chorus, plasmaspheric hiss, or electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. However, this has failed to accurately reproduce the third belt. Using a data driven, time-dependent specification of ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves we show for the first time how the third radiation belt is established as a simple, elegant consequence of storm-time extremely fast outward ULF wave transport. High-frequency wave-particle scattering loss into the atmosphere is not needed in this case. When rapid ULF wave transport coupled to a dynamic boundary is accurately specified, the sensitive dynamics controlling the enigmatic ultra-relativistic third radiation belt are naturally explained. C1 [Mann, I. R.; Ozeke, L. G.; Murphy, K. R.; Kale, A.; Milling, D. K.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. [Murphy, K. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Claudepierre, S. G.; Turner, D. L.] Aerosp Corp, POB 92957, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. [Baker, D. N.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Rae, I. J.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Boyd, A. J.; Spence, H. E.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Reeves, G. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci, NIS 1, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Singer, H. J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Dimitrakoudis, S.; Daglis, I. A.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, Penteli 15236, Greece. [Daglis, I. A.] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens 15784, Greece. [Honary, F.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England. RP Mann, IR (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. EM imann@ualberta.ca RI Daglis, Ioannis/L-6100-2013; OI Daglis, Ioannis/0000-0002-0764-3442; Mann, Ian/0000-0003-1004-7841 FU Canadian NSERC; STFC [ST/L000563/1]; NERC [NE/L007495/1]; NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship; Canadian Space Agency; NASA [NAS5-02099]; RBSP-ECT - JHU/APL under NASA's Prime [967399, NAS5-01072]; MAARBLE (Monitoring, Analyzing and Assessing Radiation Belt Loss and Energization) consortium; European Community [284520] FX I.R.M. is supported by a Discovery Grant from Canadian NSERC. I.J.R. is funded by STFC grant ST/L000563/1 and NERC grant NE/L007495/1. K.R.M. is supported by an NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship. CARISMA is operated by the University of Alberta, funded by the Canadian Space Agency. We acknowledge the WDC for Geomagnetism, Kyoto University, Japan for the geomagnetic indices. We acknowledge NASA contract NAS5-02099 and V. Angelopoulos for use of data from the THEMIS Mission. Specifically D. Larson and R. P. Lin for use of SST data and C. W Carlson and J. P. McFadden for use of ESA data. We thank A. Kellerman and T. Onsager for helpful discussions. This work was supported by RBSP-ECT funding provided by JHU/APL Contract No. 967399 under NASA's Prime Contract No. NAS5-01072. The Sub-Auroral Magnetometer Network (SAMNET) is operated by the Space Plasma Environment and Radio Science (SPEARS) group, Department of Physics, Lancaster University. We thank the institutes who maintain the IMAGE Magnetometer Array. This work was supported in part by participation in the MAARBLE (Monitoring, Analyzing and Assessing Radiation Belt Loss and Energization) consortium. MAARBLE has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-SPACE-2010-1, SP1 Cooperation, Collaborative project) under grant agreement no 284520. This paper reflects only the authors' views and the European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 978 EP 983 DI 10.1038/NPHYS3799 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY7VP UT WOS:000385337700023 ER PT J AU McCormack, ML Iversen, CM Eissenstat, DM AF McCormack, M. Luke Iversen, Colleen M. Eissenstat, David M. TI Moving forward with fine-root definitions and research SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Letter DE below-ground; ecosystem; fine roots; fine-root order; functional approach; mycorrhizal fungi C1 [McCormack, M. Luke] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Iversen, Colleen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Iversen, Colleen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Eissenstat, David M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP McCormack, ML (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mltmcc@gmail.com NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 212 IS 2 BP 313 EP 313 DI 10.1111/nph.14100 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW4EQ UT WOS:000383595700005 PM 27574961 ER PT J AU Foster, EL Chan, DM Dyer, RJ AF Foster, Erich L. Chan, David M. Dyer, Rodney J. TI Model Comparison for Abiotic versus Biotic Pollen Dispersal SO NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PSYCHOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE gene flow; agent based modelling; correlated random walk; pollen ID MEDIATED GENE FLOW; MATING-SYSTEM; POLLINATION; MOVEMENT; SIMULATION; PLANTS AB An agent-based model with a correlated random walk is used to explore pollination within a forest. For abiotic dispersal, say via the wind, we use a purely random walk where there is no correlation between consecutive steps and for biotic dispersal, say via insect, we use a moderate or highly correlated random walk. In particular, we examine the differences in a number of biological measurement between a purely random walk and a correlated random walk in terms of gene dispersal in low and high plant densities. C1 [Foster, Erich L.] Sandia Natl Labs, CSRI, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Chan, David M.; Dyer, Rodney J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, 1015 Floyd Ave,POB 842014, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RP Chan, DM (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, 1015 Floyd Ave,POB 842014, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM dmchan@vcu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0640803] FX Portions of this research were supported by a National Science Foundation grant (DEB-0640803) to RJD and DMC. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU SOC CHAOS THEORY PSYCHOLOGY & LIFE SCIENCES PI PEWAUKEE PA W282 N4302 SOMERSET LN, PEWAUKEE, WI 53072 USA SN 1090-0578 EI 1573-6652 J9 NONLIN DYNAM PSYCHOL JI Nonlinear Dyn. Psychol. Life Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 20 IS 4 BP 471 EP 483 PG 13 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Psychology, Mathematical SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Psychology GA DY2WZ UT WOS:000384954100002 PM 27550704 ER PT J AU Hogfeldt, T Jaing, C Mc Loughlin, K Thissen, J Gardner, S Bahnassy, AA Gharizadeh, B Lundahl, J Osterborg, A Porwit, A Zekri, ARN Khaled, HM Mellstedt, H Moshfegh, A AF Hogfeldt, Therese Jaing, Crystal Mc Loughlin, Kevin Thissen, James Gardner, Shea Bahnassy, Abeer A. Gharizadeh, Baback Lundahl, Joachim Osterborg, Anders Porwit, Anna Zekri, Abdel-Rahman N. Khaled, Hussein M. Mellstedt, Hakan Moshfegh, Ali TI Differential expression of viral agents in lymphoma tissues of patients with ABC diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from high and low endemic infectious disease regions SO ONCOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE molecular genetics; lymphoma and Hodgkin disease; virus; hepatitis B virus; gene array ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; JC VIRUS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; HUMAN POLYOMAVIRUSES; LUNG-CANCER; HUMAN BRAIN; DNA; PROTEINS; CHEMOTHERAPY AB Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in adults, accounts for approximately 30-40% of newly diagnosed lymphomas worldwide. Environmental factors, such as viruses and bacteria, may contribute to cancer development through chronic inflammation and the integration of oncogenes, and have previously been indicated in cervical cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer and lymphoproliferative disorders. In the present study, the presence of microbial agents was analyzed in the lymphoma tissue of patients with activated B-cell like (ABC) DLBCL. The present study compared two groups of patients from geographically varied regions that possess a difference in the prevalence of viral and other microbial agents. The patient populations were from Sweden (a low endemic infectious disease region) and Egypt (a high endemic infectious disease region). A differential expression of several viruses in lymphoma tissues was noted when comparing Swedish and Egyptian patients. JC polyomavirus (JCV) was detected in Swedish and Egyptian patients and, uniquely, the complete hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was detected only in Egyptian lymphoma patients. None of these viruses were detected in control lymph tissues from Sweden or Egypt. In total, 38% of the Egyptian patients were found to have HBV surface antigens (HBsAgs) in their serum; however, HBsAgs were not found in any of the Swedish patients. The percentage of serum HBsAgs in Egyptian patients with ABC DLBCL was significantly increased compared with the general Egyptian population (P<0.05). The present study may support a notion that viral agents, including JCV and HBV, may be involved in the tumorigenesis of DLBCL in regions of high infectious disease. C1 [Hogfeldt, Therese; Osterborg, Anders; Porwit, Anna; Mellstedt, Hakan; Moshfegh, Ali] Karolinska Inst, Dept Pathol & Oncol, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Jaing, Crystal; Thissen, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem Mat Earth & Life Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mc Loughlin, Kevin; Gardner, Shea] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bahnassy, Abeer A.] Cairo Univ, Natl Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, Cairo 11796, Egypt. [Gharizadeh, Baback] Stanford Univ, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Lundahl, Joachim] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Immunol & Transfus Med, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. [Zekri, Abdel-Rahman N.] Cairo Univ, Natl Canc Inst, Dept Canc Biol, Cairo 11796, Egypt. [Khaled, Hussein M.] Cairo Univ, Natl Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Cairo 11796, Egypt. RP Mellstedt, H (reprint author), Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Oncol, Radiumhemmet, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. EM hakan.mellstedt@karolinska.se NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD PI ATHENS PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE SN 1792-1074 EI 1792-1082 J9 ONCOL LETT JI Oncol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 12 IS 4 BP 2782 EP 2788 DI 10.3892/ol.2016.5012 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DZ1DN UT WOS:000385579200083 PM 27698858 ER PT J AU Beirau, T Nix, WD Bismayer, U Boatner, LA Isaacson, SG Ewing, RC AF Beirau, Tobias Nix, William D. Bismayer, Ulrich Boatner, Lynn A. Isaacson, Scott G. Ewing, Rodney C. TI Anisotropic mechanical properties of zircon and the effect of radiation damage SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE Zircon; Radiation damage; alpha-Decay; Metamictization; Nanoindentation; Mechanical properties ID ALPHA-DECAY DAMAGE; PARTIALLY METAMICT ZIRCON; NUCLEAR-WASTE FORMS; HIGH-URANIUM ZIRCON; ELASTIC-MODULUS; INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; AMORPHOUS TRANSITION; POISSONS RATIO; EVENT DAMAGE; U-IONS AB This study provides new insights into the relationship between radiation-dose-dependent structural damage due to natural U and Th impurities and the anisotropic mechanical properties (Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus and hardness) of zircon. Natural zircon samples from Sri Lanka (see Muarakami et al. in Am Mineral 76:1510-1532, 1991) and synthetic samples, covering a dose range of zero up to 6.8 x 10(18) alpha-decays/g, have been studied by nanoindentation. Measurements along the [100] crystallographic direction and calculations, based on elastic stiffness constants determined by A-zkan (J Appl Phys 47:4772-4779, 1976), revealed a general radiation-induced decrease in stiffness (similar to 54 %) and hardness (similar to 48 %) and an increase in the Poisson's ratio (similar to 54 %) with increasing dose. Additional indentations on selected samples along the [001] allowed one to follow the amorphization process to the point that the mechanical properties are isotropic. This work shows that the radiation-dose-dependent changes of the mechanical properties of zircon can be directly correlated with the amorphous fraction as determined by previous investigations with local and global probes (Rios et al. in J Phys Condens Matter 12:2401-2412, 2000a; Farnan and Salje in J Appl Phys 89:2084-2090, 2001; Zhang and Salje in J Phys Condens Matter 13:3057-3071, 2001). The excellent agreement, revealed by the different methods, indicates a large influence of structural and even local phenomena on the macroscopic mechanical properties. Therefore, this study indicates the importance of acquiring better knowledge about the mechanical long-term stability of radiation-damaged materials. C1 [Beirau, Tobias; Ewing, Rodney C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Beirau, Tobias; Bismayer, Ulrich] Univ Hamburg, Dept Earth Sci, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Nix, William D.; Isaacson, Scott G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Boatner, Lynn A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Beirau, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Beirau, T (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Dept Earth Sci, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. EM tobias.beirau@uni-hamburg.de FU German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [605728]; University of Hamburg; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX The work leading to this publication was supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) with funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA Grant Agreement No. 605728 (P.R.I.M.E.-Postdoctoral Researchers International Mobility Experience). Financial support by the University of Hamburg is gratefully acknowledged. Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for one author (LAB) was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. The constructive comments and helpful suggestions of L.A. Groat and an anonymous reviewer are gratefully acknowledged. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 EI 1432-2021 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 43 IS 9 BP 627 EP 638 DI 10.1007/s00269-016-0822-9 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA DY6DY UT WOS:000385197800002 ER PT J AU Bernstein, AM Redwine, RP Gibson, BF Seestrom, SJ AF Bernstein, Aron M. Redwine, Robert P. Gibson, Benjamin F. Seestrom, Susan J. TI Virginia Ruth Brown SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Bernstein, Aron M.; Redwine, Robert P.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gibson, Benjamin F.; Seestrom, Susan J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Bernstein, AM (reprint author), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 EI 1945-0699 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 IS 10 BP 67 EP 68 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DZ1FL UT WOS:000385584200019 ER PT J AU Quigg, C AF Quigg, Chris TI John David Jackson SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Quigg, Chris] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Quigg, C (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 EI 1945-0699 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 IS 10 BP 68 EP 68 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DZ1FL UT WOS:000385584200020 ER PT J AU Yang, HB Wei, H Ma, GJ Antunes, MS Vogt, S Cox, J Zhang, X Liu, XP Bu, LT Gleber, SC Carpita, NC Makowski, L Himmel, ME Tucker, MP McCann, MC Murphy, AS Peer, WA AF Yang, Haibing Wei, Hui Ma, Guojie Antunes, Mauricio S. Vogt, Stefan Cox, Joseph Zhang, Xiao Liu, Xiping Bu, Lintao Gleber, S. Charlotte Carpita, Nicholas C. Makowski, Lee Himmel, Michael E. Tucker, Melvin P. McCann, Maureen C. Murphy, Angus S. Peer, Wendy A. TI Cell wall targeted in planta iron accumulation enhances biomass conversion and seed iron concentration in Arabidopsis and rice SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biofuel; cell wall; secretion; iron-binding peptide; carbohydrate-binding module; iron concentration ID CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULES; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; CORN STOVER; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; PRETREATMENT; PROTEIN; CELLULOSE; THALIANA; FERRITIN; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Conversion of nongrain biomass into liquid fuel is a sustainable approach to energy demands as global population increases. Previously, we showed that iron can act as a catalyst to enhance the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production. However, direct addition of iron catalysts to biomass pretreatment is diffusion-limited, would increase the cost and complexity of biorefinery unit operations and may have deleterious environmental impacts. Here, we show a new strategy for in planta accumulation of iron throughout the volume of the cell wall where iron acts as a catalyst in the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. We engineered CBM-IBP fusion polypeptides composed of a carbohydrate-binding module family 11 (CBM11) and an iron-binding peptide (IBP) for secretion into Arabidopsis and rice cell walls. CBM-IBP transformed Arabidopsis and rice plants show significant increases in iron accumulation and biomass conversion compared to respective controls. Further, CBM-IBP rice shows a 35% increase in seed iron concentration and a 40% increase in seed yield in greenhouse experiments. CBM-IBP rice potentially could be used to address iron deficiency, the most common and widespread nutritional disorder according to the World Health Organization. C1 [Yang, Haibing; Ma, Guojie; Antunes, Mauricio S.; Cox, Joseph; Liu, Xiping; McCann, Maureen C.; Murphy, Angus S.; Peer, Wendy A.] Purdue Univ, Ctr Direct Catalyt Convers Biomass Biofuels C3Bio, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yang, Haibing; Ma, Guojie; Cox, Joseph; Zhang, Xiao; Liu, Xiping; Murphy, Angus S.; Peer, Wendy A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yang, Haibing; Antunes, Mauricio S.; Carpita, Nicholas C.; McCann, Maureen C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wei, Hui; Himmel, Michael E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Vogt, Stefan; Gleber, S. Charlotte; Tucker, Melvin P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bu, Lintao] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Carpita, Nicholas C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Makowski, Lee] Northeastern Univ, Dept Bioengn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Makowski, Lee] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Murphy, Angus S.; Peer, Wendy A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Peer, Wendy A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Antunes, Mauricio S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Murphy, AS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Ctr Direct Catalyt Convers Biomass Biofuels C3Bio, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Murphy, AS (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hort, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Murphy, AS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM asmurphy@umd.edu FU Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000997]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, Biosciences [DE-FG02-06ER1580] FX This work was supported by the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award Number DE-SC0000997). We thank Steve Decker, Crissa Doeppke, Erica Gjersing, Geoffrey Turner and Angela Ziebell of NREL HPT team for HTP hot pretreatment and cosaccharification analysis of plant biomass. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We declare no conflict of interest. Support for the contribution from ASM was provided by the US Department of Energy, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, & Biosciences DE-FG02-06ER1580. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1998 EP 2009 DI 10.1111/pbi.12557 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA DW4PI UT WOS:000383625100005 PM 26929151 ER PT J AU Bryan, AC Jawdy, S Gunter, L Gjersing, E Sykes, R Hinchee, MAW Winkeler, KA Collins, CM Engle, N Tschaplinski, TJ Yang, XH Tuskan, GA Muchero, W Chen, JG AF Bryan, Anthony C. Jawdy, Sara Gunter, Lee Gjersing, Erica Sykes, Robert Hinchee, Maud A. W. Winkeler, Kimberly A. Collins, Cassandra M. Engle, Nancy Tschaplinski, Timothy J. Yang, Xiaohan Tuskan, Gerald A. Muchero, Wellington Chen, Jin-Gui TI Knockdown of a laccase in Populus deltoides confers altered cell wall chemistry and increased sugar release SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Populus; biofuel; cell wall; xylose; lignin; recalcitrance ID LIGNIN CONTENT; GENE FAMILY; LIGNOCELLULOSE CRYSTALLINITY; BIOMASS DIGESTIBILITY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; FUNGAL LACCASES; DOWN-REGULATION; RICE MUTANTS; PLANT AB Plant laccases are thought to function in the oxidation of monolignols which leads to higher order lignin formation. Only a hand-full of laccases in plants have been functionally evaluated, and as such little is known about the breadth of their impact on cell wall chemistry or structure. Here, we describe a previously uncharacterized laccase from Populus, encoded by locus Potri.008G064000, whose reduced expression resulted in transgenic Populus trees with changes in syringyl/guaiacyl ratios as well as altered sugar release phenotypes. These phenotypes are consistent with plant biomass exhibiting reduced recalcitrance. Interestingly, the transgene effect on recalcitrance is dependent on a mild pretreatment prior to chemical extraction of sugars. Metabolite profiling suggests the transgene modulates phenolics that are associated with the cell wall structure. We propose that this particular laccase has a range of functions related to oxidation of phenolics and conjugation of flavonoids that interact with lignin in the cell wall. C1 [Bryan, Anthony C.; Jawdy, Sara; Gunter, Lee; Engle, Nancy; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Yang, Xiaohan; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Muchero, Wellington; Chen, Jin-Gui] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Bryan, Anthony C.; Jawdy, Sara; Gunter, Lee; Engle, Nancy; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Yang, Xiaohan; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Muchero, Wellington; Chen, Jin-Gui] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gjersing, Erica; Sykes, Robert] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Hinchee, Maud A. W.; Winkeler, Kimberly A.; Collins, Cassandra M.] ArborGen Inc, Ridgeville, SC USA. RP Muchero, W; Chen, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Muchero, W; Chen, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mucherow@ornl.gov; chenj@ornl.gov RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Yang, Xiaohan/A-6975-2011; OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Yang, Xiaohan/0000-0001-5207-4210; Engle, Nancy/0000-0003-0290-7987 FU DOE BioEnergy Science Center project; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-93ER20097] FX A special thanks to Zackary Moore and Brock Carter for growing and maintaining plants in ORNL greenhouses and Yongil Yang for assistance in creating figures. This research was supported by the DOE BioEnergy Science Center project. The BioEnergy Science Center is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Number DE-AC05-00OR22725. Glycosyl composition analysis at the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center was supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy grant (DE-FG02-93ER20097) to Parastoo Azadi. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2010 EP 2020 DI 10.1111/pbi.12560 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA DW4PI UT WOS:000383625100006 PM 26997157 ER PT J AU Caneses, JF Blackwell, BD AF Caneses, Juan F. Blackwell, Boyd D. TI Collisional damping of helicon waves in a high density hydrogen linear plasma device SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE helicon waves; RF plasma source; linear plasma device; hydrogen plasma; hydrogen plasma ID PARAMETRIC DECAY; MAGNUM-PSI; ION-SOUND; EXCITATION; DISCHARGE; IONIZATION; TURBULENCE; FACILITY; PHYSICS; MODES AB In this paper, we investigate the propagation and damping of helicon waves along the length (50 cm) of a helicon-produced 20 kW hydrogen plasma (n(e) similar to 1-2 x 10(19) m(-3), T-e similar to 1-6 eV, H-2 8 mTorr) operated in a magnetic mirror configuration (antenna region: 50-200 G and mirror region: 800 G). Experimental results show the presence of traveling helicon waves (4-8 G and lambda(z) similar to 10-15 cm) propagating away from the antenna region which become collisionally absorbed within 40-50 cm. We describe the use of the WKB method to calculate wave damping and provide an expression to assess its validity based on experimental measurements. Theoretical calculations are consistent with experiment and indicate that for conditions where Coulomb collisions are dominant classical collisionality is sufficient to explain the observed wave damping along the length of the plasma column. Based on these results, we provide an expression for the scaling of helicon wave damping relevant to high density discharges and discuss the location of surfaces for plasma-material interaction studies in helicon based linear plasma devices. C1 [Caneses, Juan F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Blackwell, Boyd D.] PRL, Sch Phys & Engn ANU, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Caneses, JF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM canesesmarjf@ornl.gov FU NCRIS scheme of the Australian Government FX MAGPIE construction and operation was funded under the NCRIS scheme of the Australian Government. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 EI 1361-6595 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 IS 5 AR 055027 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/25/5/055027 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DY9YV UT WOS:000385494000008 ER PT J AU Heremans, FJ Yale, CG Awschalom, DD AF Heremans, F. Joseph Yale, Christopher G. Awschalom, David D. TI Control of Spin Defects in Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors for Quantum Technologies SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article DE Diamond; divacancy; microwave; nitrogen-vacancy center; photonics; quantum control; silicon carbide; spin defects; wide-bandgap semiconductors ID SOLID-STATE SPIN; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NITROGEN-VACANCY CENTERS; SILICON-CARBIDE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; COHERENT CONTROL; ELECTRON-SPIN; MECHANICAL RESONATOR; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; OPTICAL CONTROL AB Deep-level defects are usually considered undesirable in semiconductors as they typically interfere with the performance of present-day electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, the electronic spin states of certain atomic-scale defects have recently been shown to be promising quantum bits for quantum information processing as well as exquisite nanoscale sensors due to their local environmental sensitivity. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in quantum control protocols of several of these spin defects, the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) center in diamond and a variety of forms of the neutral divacancy (VV0) complex in silicon carbide (SiC). These defects exhibit a spin-triplet ground state that can be controlled through a variety of techniques, several of which allow for room temperature operation. Microwave control has enabled sophisticated decoupling schemes to extend coherence times as well as nanoscale sensing of temperature along with magnetic and electric fields. On the other hand, photonic control of these spin states has provided initial steps toward integration into quantum networks, including entanglement, quantum state teleportation, and all-optical control. Electrical and mechanical control also suggest pathways to develop quantum transducers and quantum hybrid systems. The versatility of the control mechanisms demonstrated should facilitate the development of quantum technologies based on these spin defects. C1 [Heremans, F. Joseph; Yale, Christopher G.; Awschalom, David D.] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Heremans, F. Joseph; Awschalom, David D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Awschalom, DD (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.; Awschalom, DD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM awsch@uchicago.edu NR 129 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 15 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9219 EI 1558-2256 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD OCT PY 2016 VL 104 IS 10 SI SI BP 2009 EP 2023 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2016.2561274 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DY8IB UT WOS:000385371800012 ER PT J AU Sinitsyn, NA Pershin, YV AF Sinitsyn, Nikolai A. Pershin, Yuriy V. TI The theory of spin noise spectroscopy: a review SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE spin noise; spin-orbit interactions; spintronics ID FLUCTUATION-DISSIPATION-THEOREM; FULL COUNTING STATISTICS; QUANTUM-DOT; FARADAY-ROTATION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; FRACTIONAL CHARGE; THERMAL AGITATION; PHASE-TRANSITION; RAMAN-SCATTERING; NUCLEAR SPINS AB Direct measurements of spin fluctuations are becoming the mainstream approach for studies of complex condensed matter, molecular, nuclear, and atomic systems. This review covers recent progress in the field of optical spin noise spectroscopy (SNS) with an additional goal to establish an introduction into its theoretical foundations. Various theoretical techniques that have been recently used to interpret results of SNS measurements are explained alongside examples of their applications. C1 [Sinitsyn, Nikolai A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Pershin, Yuriy V.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pershin, Yuriy V.] Univ South Carolina, Smart State Ctr Expt Nanoscale Phys, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Sinitsyn, NA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nsinitsyn@lanl.gov; pershin@physics.sc.edu FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LDRD program at LANL; Smart State Center for Experimental Nanoscale Physics at USC FX Authors thank Luyi Yang, Avadh Saxena, Scott Crooker and Darryl Smith for useful discussion. The work at LANL was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NAS also thanks the support from the LDRD program at LANL. YVP acknowledges the support from the Smart State Center for Experimental Nanoscale Physics at USC. NR 269 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 27 U2 27 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 EI 1361-6633 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 79 IS 10 AR 106501 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/79/10/106501 PG 44 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY8RJ UT WOS:000385397700001 PM 27615689 ER PT J AU Volkmar, C Holste, K Simon, J AF Volkmar, Chris Holste, Kristof Simon, Jens TI Physics and Technological Aspects of Radio-Frequency Ion Thrusters SO VAKUUM IN FORSCHUNG UND PRAXIS LA German DT Article ID PROPULSION AB Electric space propulsion devices offer a propellant utilization efficiency orders of magnitude higher than chemical ones. This, among other benefits, motivates the usage of electric propulsion for station keeping, attitude and orbit control, orbit raising and interplanetary deep space missions. In particular, radio-frequency ion thrusters (RIT) offer even higher efficiency than comparable electric thrusters. This is mainly due to electrostatically generated thrust in RITs which is decoupled from plasma generation which again is ultimately necessary for the production of thrust-generating ions. This article gives insight into basic physical processes that occur within the thrusters' discharge vessels which lead to highly efficient, highly resolvable thrust generation. Furthermore, a more general systems engineering observation of the complete thruster system is given with special respect to the radio-frequency generator (RFG) which is essential to take into account when speaking of overall efficiency. Finally, an overview on alternative propellants to possibly increase cost efficiency of a particular mission is proposed. C1 [Volkmar, Chris] Deutsch Zentrum Luftund Raumfahrt, Abt Raumfahrzeuge, Inst Aerodynam & Stromungs Tech, Gottingen, Germany. [Holste, Kristof] JLU Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, Giessen, Germany. [Holste, Kristof] PETRA3 Synchrotron Hamburger DESY, Giessen, Germany. [Holste, Kristof] Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Volkmar, C (reprint author), Tech Hsch Mittelhessen, TransMIT Projektbereich Leistungselekt & Elektrom, Wiesenstr 14, D-35390 Giessen, Germany. EM chris.volkmar@me.com OI Volkmar, Chris/0000-0002-5038-3834 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-076X EI 1522-2454 J9 VAK FORSCH PRAX JI Vak. Forsch. Prax. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 5 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1002/vipr.201600624 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DZ6AG UT WOS:000385943300010 ER PT J AU Peng, R Liang, LB Hood, ZD Boulesbaa, A Puretzky, A Ievlev, AV Come, J Ovchinnikova, OS Wang, H Ma, C Chi, MF Sumpter, BG Wu, ZL AF Peng, Rui Liang, Liangbo Hood, Zachary D. Boulesbaa, Abdelaziz Puretzky, Alexander Ievlev, Anton V. Come, Jeremy Ovchinnikova, Olga S. Wang, Hui Ma, Cheng Chi, Miaofang Sumpter, Bobby G. Wu, Zili TI In-Plane Heterojunctions Enable Multiphasic Two-Dimensional (2D) MoS2 Nanosheets As Efficient Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution from Water Reduction SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE MoS2; multiphases; photocatalytic; hydrogen evolution reaction; heterojunctions ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDE; SINGLE-LAYER MOS2; PHASE-TRANSITION; COVALENT FUNCTIONALIZATION; MOLYBDENUM SULFIDES; 1T PHASE; MONOLAYER; TIO2; PERFORMANCE; COCATALYST AB Two-dimensional (2D) single-layer MoS2 nanosheets are demonstrated as efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water reduction, thanks to specific in-plane heterojunctions constructed in the MoS2 monolayer. These functional heterojunctions are formed among the different phases of chemically exfoliated MoS2 monolayers: semiconducting 2H, metallic 1T, and quasi-metallic 1T' phases. The proportion of the three MoS2 phases can be systematically controlled via thermal annealing of the nanosheets. Interestingly, a volcano relationship is observed between the photocatalytic HER activity and the annealing temperature with an optimum activity obtained after annealing at 60 degrees C. First-principles calculations were integrated with experimental studies to shed light on the role of the multiphases of MoS2 and reveal that optimum photocatalytic HER activity results from the formation of the in plane heterojunctions between 1T' MoS2 and 2H MoS2. Importantly, this facilitates not only balanced light absorption and charge generation by the 2H phase, efficient charge separation at the 1T'/2H interface, but also favorable HER over the basal sites of 1T' MoS2. Our work manifests how the confluence of the optical, electronic and chemical properties of 2D MoS2 monolayers can be fully captured for efficient photocatalytic water reduction. C1 [Peng, Rui; Liang, Liangbo; Hood, Zachary D.; Boulesbaa, Abdelaziz; Puretzky, Alexander; Ievlev, Anton V.; Come, Jeremy; Ovchinnikova, Olga S.; Wang, Hui; Ma, Cheng; Chi, Miaofang; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Wu, Zili] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hood, Zachary D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Wu, ZL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wuzl@ornl.gov RI Liang, Liangbo/H-4486-2011; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Ievlev, Anton/H-3678-2012; Ma, Cheng/C-9120-2014 OI Liang, Liangbo/0000-0003-1199-0049; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; Ievlev, Anton/0000-0003-3645-0508; FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 78 U2 78 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 6723 EP 6729 DI 10.1021/acscatal.6b02076 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY4GV UT WOS:000385057900051 ER PT J AU Mouat, AR Lohr, TL Wegener, EC Miller, JT Delferro, M Stair, PC Marks, TJ AF Mouat, Aidan R. Lohr, Tracy L. Wegener, Evan C. Miller, Jeffrey T. Delferro, Massimiliano Stair, Peter C. Marks, Tobin J. TI Reactivity of a Carbon-Supported Single-Site Molybdenum Dioxo Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE heterogeneous catalysis; molybdenum; supported catalysts; biodiesel; transesterification ID 100-PERCENT ACTIVE-SITES; SCHIFF-BASE LIGANDS; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; OXIDE CATALYSTS; POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS; ARENE HYDROGENATION; SURFACE-PROPERTIES; SILICA CATALYSTS; ORGANOZIRCONIUM CATALYST AB A single-site molybdenum dioxo catalyst, (O-c)(2)Mo(=O)(2)@C, was prepared via direct grafting of MoO2Cl2(dme) (dme = 1,2-dimethoxyethane) on high-surface-area activated carbon. The physicochemical and chemical properties of this catalyst were fully characterized by N-2 physisorption, ICP-AES/OES, PXRD, STEM, XPS, XAS, temperature-programmed reduction with H-2 (TPR-H-2), and temperature-programmed NH3 desorption (TPD-NH3). The single-site nature of the Mo species is corroborated by XPS and TPR-H-2 data, and it exhibits the lowest reported MoOx T-max of reduction reported to date, suggesting a highly reactive Mo-VI center. (O-c)(2)Mo(=O)(2)@C catalyzes the transesterification of a variety of esters and triglycerides with ethanol, exhibiting high activity at moderate temperatures (60-90 degrees C) and with negligible deactivation. (Oc)(2)Mo(-O)(2)@C is resistant to water and can be recycled at least three times with no loss of activity. The transesterification reaction is determined experimentally to be first order in [ethanol] and first order in [Mo] with Delta H double dagger = 10.5(8) kcal mol(-1) and Delta S double dagger = -32(2) eu. The low energy of activation is consistent with the moderate conditions needed to achieve rapid turnover. This highly active carbon-supported single-site molybdenum dioxo species is thus an efficient, robust, and low-cost catalyst with significant potential for transesterification processes. C1 [Mouat, Aidan R.; Lohr, Tracy L.; Delferro, Massimiliano; Stair, Peter C.; Marks, Tobin J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Wegener, Evan C.; Miller, Jeffrey T.] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Miller, Jeffrey T.; Delferro, Massimiliano; Stair, Peter C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Delferro, M; Stair, PC; Marks, TJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Delferro, M; Stair, PC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM delferro@anl.gov; pstair@northwestern.edu; t-marks@northwestern.edu OI Delferro, Massimiliano/0000-0002-4443-165X FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE FG02-03ER15457]; NSF [CHE-1213235]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy; Purdue University; School of Chemical Engineering FX Financial support was provided by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy, through grant DE FG02-03ER15457 to the Institute of Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) at Northwestern University. NSF grant CHE-1213235 supported T.L.L. and provided reactor equipment. We gratefully acknowledge Northwestern Clean Cat facilities. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. E.C.W. and J.T.M. were supported by start-up funding from Purdue University and the School of Chemical Engineering. NR 102 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 24 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 6762 EP 6769 DI 10.1021/acscatal.6b01717 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY4GV UT WOS:000385057900055 ER PT J AU Gao, LJ Fu, Q Wei, MM Zhu, YF Liu, Q Crumlin, E Liu, Z Bao, XH AF Gao, Lijun Fu, Qiang Wei, Mingming Zhu, Yifeng Liu, Qiang Crumlin, Ethan Liu, Zhi Bao, Xinhe TI Enhanced Nickel-Catalyzed Methanation Confined under Hexagonal Boron Nitride Shells SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN); nickel; syngas methanation; core-shell; intercalation ID THIN-FILMS; 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; CO METHANATION; CARBON; NANOPARTICLES; DEACTIVATION; GROWTH; SURFACE; DESIGN AB Encapsulation of metal nanoparticles with porous oxide shells is a successful strategy to design catalysts with high catalytic performance. We suggest an alternative route to cover metal nanoparticles with two-dimensional (2D) material shells such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), in which active metal components are stabilized by the outer shells and meanwhile catalytic reactions occur at interfaces between cores and shells through feasible intercalation of the 2D material covers. As an illustration, Ni nanoparticles encapsulated with few-layer h-BN shells were constructed and applied in syngas methanation. Ni@h-BN core-shell nanocatalysts exhibit enhanced methanation activity, higher resistance to particle sintering, and suppressed carbon deposition and Ni loss in reactions. Surface science studies in h-BN/Ni(111) model systems and chemisorption data confirm the occurrence of methanation reactions on Ni surfaces under h-BN cover. The confinement effect of h-BN shells improves Ni-catalyzed reaction activity and Ni catalyst stability. C1 [Gao, Lijun] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Gao, Lijun; Fu, Qiang; Wei, Mingming; Zhu, Yifeng; Bao, Xinhe] Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, iChEM, State Key Lab Catalysis, Dalian 116023, Peoples R China. [Liu, Qiang; Liu, Zhi] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol, State Key Lab Funct Mat Informat, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. [Liu, Qiang; Liu, Zhi] ShanghaiTech Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200031, Peoples R China. [Crumlin, Ethan] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fu, Q; Bao, XH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, iChEM, State Key Lab Catalysis, Dalian 116023, Peoples R China. EM qfu@dicp.ac.cn; xhbao@dicp.ac.cn RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009; OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561; Yifeng, Zhu/0000-0001-8965-5051 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21373208, 91545204, 21321002, 11227902]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2016YFA0200200, 2013CB834603, 2013CB933100]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB17020200]; CAS-Shanghai Science Research Center [CAS-SSRC-YH-2015-01]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21373208, 91545204, 21321002, and 11227902), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Nos. 2016YFA0200200, 2013CB834603, and 2013CB933100), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB17020200). This work was also partially supported by CAS-Shanghai Science Research Center (Grant No. CAS-SSRC-YH-2015-01). The Advanced Light Source and beamlines 9.3.2 are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 95 U2 95 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 6814 EP 6822 DI 10.1021/acscatal.6b02188 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY4GV UT WOS:000385057900061 ER PT J AU Ro, I Liu, YF Ball, MR Jackson, DHK Chada, JP Sener, C Kuech, TF Madon, RJ Huber, GW Dumesic, JA AF Ro, Insoo Liu, Yifei Ball, Madelyn R. Jackson, David H. K. Chada, Joseph Paul Sener, Canan Kuech, Thomas F. Madon, Rostam J. Huber, George W. Dumesic, James A. TI Role of the Cu-ZrO2 Interfacial Sites for Conversion of Ethanol to Ethyl Acetate and Synthesis of Methanol from CO2 and H-2 SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE interfacial sites; bimetallic catalyst; active site; control surface reactions (CSRs); atomic layer deposition (ALD); selective ethanol conversion to ethyl acetate; CO2 hydrogenation ID ZN-DEPOSITED CU(111); REFLECTION-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SUPPORTED COPPER-CATALYSTS; ZIRCONIA PROMOTED CU/SIO2; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; AL-O CATALYST; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ACTIVE-SITE; OXIDE/METAL CATALYSTS; OXIDE CATALYSTS AB Well-defined Cu catalysts containing different amounts of zirconia were synthesized by controlled surface reactions (CSRs) and atomic layer deposition methods and studied for the selective conversion of ethanol to ethyl acetate and for methanol synthesis. Selective deposition of ZrO2 on undercoordinated Cu sites or near Cu nanoparticles via the CSR method was evidenced by UV vis absorption spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma absorption emission spectroscopy. The concentrations of Cu and Cu-ZrO2 interfacial sites were quantified using a combination of subambient CO Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and reactive N2O chemisorption measurements. The oxidation states of the Cu and ZrO2 species for these catalysts were determined using X-ray absorption near edge structure measurements, showing that these species were present primarily as Cu-0 and Zr4+, respectively. It was found that the formation of Cu-ZrO2 interfacial sites increased the turnover frequency by an order of magnitude in both the conversion of ethanol to ethyl acetate and the synthesis of methanol from CO2 and H-2. C1 [Ro, Insoo; Liu, Yifei; Ball, Madelyn R.; Jackson, David H. K.; Chada, Joseph Paul; Sener, Canan; Kuech, Thomas F.; Madon, Rostam J.; Huber, George W.; Dumesic, James A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jackson, David H. K.; Kuech, Thomas F.] Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, 1509 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sener, Canan; Dumesic, James A.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Dumesic, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Dumesic, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jdumesic@wisc.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0014058]; National Science Foundation through the University of Wisconsin Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-1121288]; Wisconsin Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-1121288]; Research Innovation Committee of the College of Engineering at the University of Wisconsin; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Canadian Light Source; Advanced Photon Source; U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Science; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-SC0014058). The authors acknowledge support of this research by the National Science Foundation through the University of Wisconsin Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (DMR-1121288). Use of facilities supported by the Wisconsin Materials Research Science and Engineering Center is also acknowledged (DMR-1121288). We acknowledge funding from the Research Innovation Committee of the College of Engineering at the University of Wisconsin for this project. Sector 20 facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Canadian Light Source and its funding partners, and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE (DE-AC02-06CH11357). The authors acknowledge Thejas S. Wesley for helpful discussion of kinetic modeling for the selective conversion of the conversion of ethanol to ethyl acetate and also acknowledge Jeffrey T. Miller at Argonne National Laboratory for helpful discussion about XANES data analysis. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 74 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 7040 EP 7050 DI 10.1021/acscatal.6b01805 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY4GV UT WOS:000385057900085 ER PT J AU Kennedy, G Melaet, G Han, HL Ralston, WT Somorjai, GA AF Kennedy, Griffin Melaet, Gerome Han, Hui-Ling Ralston, Walter T. Somorjai, Gabor A. TI In Situ Spectroscopic Investigation into the Active Sites for Crotonaldehyde Hydrogenation at the Pt Nanoparticle-Co3O4 Interface SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE hydrogenation; support effects; in situ characterization; cobalt oxide; sum frequency generation; ambient-pressure XPS ID GENERATION VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; METAL; CATALYSTS; SELECTIVITY; PT/TIO2; SBA-15; SILICA AB The hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde by platinum nanoparticles supported on cobalt oxide was used as a reaction to probe the effect of the interface between the two materials on the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. Four potential products can be formed by this reaction: propylene, butyraldehyde, crotyl alcohol, and butanol. When Pt nanoparticles are supported on SiO2, an inert support, only propylene and butyraldehyde are formed. However, when Pt is supported on cobalt oxide, the alcohols make up roughly 40% of the total activity, indicating that cobalt oxide plays a pivotal role in the reaction, much like other active supports such as TiO2. To elucidate the mechanism of alcohol formation, in situ sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG) and ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) were utilized to probe the reactant adsorption and intermediate formation and the chemical state of the materials under working catalytic conditions. The SFG data indicate that crotonaldehyde adsorbs on the oxide surface, likely through the aldehyde oxygen as well as on the Pt surface through the alkene group. AP-XPS results show that the surface of the Co3O4 support becomes partially reduced under the reaction conditions and Pt exists in its metallic state. Taking these results together, we propose that the crotonaldehyde adsorbs at reduced oxide surface sites and that this adsorption mode is responsible for the production of alcohol products. A platinum nanoparticle density dependence study was also undertaken to change the abundance of interface sites and study their effect on the reaction. The selectivity between the two alcohol products was altered as a function of the Pt nanoparticle density: higher selectivity toward butanol and lower selectivity toward crotyl alcohol was obtained with increasing density, while propylene and butyraldehyde selectivities were constant with respect to density. On the basis of the data presented, we propose that butanol is preferentially formed at the metal oxide interface, while crotyl alcohol is formed at oxide surface sites by reaction with spillover hydrogen. C1 [Kennedy, Griffin; Melaet, Gerome; Han, Hui-Ling; Ralston, Walter T.; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kennedy, Griffin; Ralston, Walter T.; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Melaet, Gerome; Han, Hui-Ling; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@berkeley.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lam Research Graduate Student Fellowship FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Additional support for G.K. was provided by the Lam Research Graduate Student Fellowship. Work at the Molecular Foundry was done under proposal 3806. Work at the Advanced Light Source was done under proposals 06698 and 06735. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 48 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 6 IS 10 BP 7140 EP 7147 DI 10.1021/acscatal.6b01640 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY4GV UT WOS:000385057900096 ER PT J AU Cannatelli, MD Ragauskas, AJ AF Cannatelli, Mark D. Ragauskas, Arthur J. TI Conversion of lignin into value-added materials and chemicals via laccase-assisted copolymerization SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Biomaterials; Copolymerization; Functionalization; Laccase; Lignin; Sustainability ID CHEMOENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS; ENZYMATIC MODIFICATION; GRAFT-COPOLYMERS; KRAFT LIGNIN; WOOD FIBERS; POLYMERIZATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; COMPOSITES; ACRYLAMIDE; OXIDASES AB With today's environmental concerns and the diminishing supply of the world's petroleum-based chemicals and materials, much focus has been directed toward alternative sources. Woody biomass presents a promising option due to its sheer abundance, renewability, and biodegradability. Lignin, a highly irregular polyphenolic compound, is one of the major chemical constituents of woody biomass and is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth, surpassed only by cellulose. The pulp and paper and cellulosic ethanol industries produce lignin on the scale of millions of tons each year as a by-product. Traditionally, lignin has been viewed as a waste material and burned as an inefficient fuel. However, in recent decades, research has focused on more economical ways to convert lignin into value-added commodities, such as biofuels, biomaterials, and biochemicals, thus developing and strengthening the concept of fully integrated biorefineries. Owing to the phenolic structure of lignin, it is possible to enzymatically graft molecules onto its surface using laccases (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductases, EC 1.10.3.2) to create exciting novel biomaterials. These environmentally friendly enzymes use oxygen as their only co-substrate and produce water as their sole by-product, and have thus found great industrial application. This mini-review highlights recent advances in the field of laccase-facilitated functionalization of lignin as well as promising future directions for lignin-based polymers. C1 [Cannatelli, Mark D.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Renewable Bioprod Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cannatelli, Mark D.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Joint Inst Biol Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Renewable Bioprod Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Joint Inst Biol Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Ragauskas, AJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Inst Agr, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM aragausk@utk.edu FU Renewable Bioproducts Institute at Georgia Institute of Technology FX The authors are thankful for a student fellowship supported by the Renewable Bioproducts Institute at Georgia Institute of Technology. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 52 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 EI 1432-0614 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 100 IS 20 BP 8685 EP 8691 DI 10.1007/s00253-016-7820-1 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA DY5GS UT WOS:000385128000005 PM 27645296 ER PT J AU Glazoff, MV Dufek, EJ Shalashnikov, EV AF Glazoff, Michael V. Dufek, Eric J. Shalashnikov, Egor V. TI Application of morphological synthesis for understanding electrode microstructure evolution as a function of applied charge/discharge cycles SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID ION BATTERIES; NANOPARTICLES AB Morphological synthesis operations were employed for understanding electrode microstructure transformations and evolution accompanying the application of charge/discharge cycles to electrochemical storage systems (batteries). Using state-of-the-art morphological algorithms, it was possible to predict microstructure evolution in porous Si electrodes for Li-ion batteries with reasonable accuracy. The developed techniques could be considered supplementary to a phase-field mesoscopic approach to microstructure evolution that is based upon clear and definitive changes in the appearance of microstructure. However, unlike in phase field, the governing equations for the morphological approach are geometry, not physics, based. A similar non-physics-based approach to understanding different phenomena was attempted with the introduction of cellular automata. It is anticipated that morphological synthesis will represent a useful supplementary tool to phase field and will render assistance to unraveling the underlying microstructure-property relationships. The paper contains data on electrochemical characterization of different electrode materials that was conducted in parallel to the morphological study. C1 [Glazoff, Michael V.] INL, Adv Proc & Decis Syst, POB 1625-3710, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Dufek, Eric J.] INL, Energy Storage & Transportat Syst, POB 1625-3570, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Shalashnikov, Egor V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. RP Glazoff, MV (reprint author), INL, Adv Proc & Decis Syst, POB 1625-3710, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Michael.glazoff@inl.gov RI Dufek, Eric/B-8847-2017 OI Dufek, Eric/0000-0003-4802-1997 FU INL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program [13-027]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported through the INL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program, Project 13-027. This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the US Department of Energy. The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to Professor Yuri P. Pyt'ev (M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dept. of Physics) for the valuable discussions and ideas generously shared with the authors when developing the morphological algorithms described in the manuscript. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 EI 1432-0630 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 122 IS 10 AR 894 DI 10.1007/s00339-016-0401-4 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DX9YS UT WOS:000384753800024 ER PT J AU Ang, J Ma, D Lund, R Keten, S Xu, T AF Ang, JooChuan Ma, Dan Lund, Reidar Keten, Sinan Xu, Ting TI Internal Structure of 15 nm 3-Helix Micelle Revealed by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Coarse-Grained MD Simulation SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; LIPID-BILAYERS; DRUG-DELIVERY; MODEL; STABILITY; STABILIZATION; NANOPARTICLES AB 3-Helix micelles (3HM) formed by self-assembly of peptide-polymer conjugate amphiphiles have shown promise as a nanocarrier platform due to their long-circulation, deep tumor penetration, selective accumulation in tumor, and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for glioblastoma therapy. There is a need to understand the structural contribution to the high in vivo stability and performance of 3HM. Using selective deuteration, the contrast variation technique in small-angle neutron scattering, and coarse grained molecular dynamics simulation, we determined the spatial distribution of each component within 3HM. Our results show a slightly deformed polyethylene glycol (PEG) conformation within the micelle that is radially offset from its conjugation site toward the exterior of the micelle and a highly solvated shell. Surprisingly, similar to 85 v/v % of 3HM is water, unusually higher than any micellar nanocarrier based on our knowledge. The result will provide important structural insights for future studies to uncover the molecular origin of 3HM's in vivo performance, and development of the nanocarriers. C1 [Ang, JooChuan; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keten, Sinan] Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ma, Dan; Keten, Sinan] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Lund, Reidar] Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, POB 1033, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Xu, Ting] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Xu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Xu, T (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tingxu@berkeley.edu RI Ang, JooChuan/Q-5024-2016; Lund, Reidar/F-3534-2014 OI Ang, JooChuan/0000-0001-7731-2051; FU National Institutes of Health [5R21EB016947-02]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0760]; National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249] FX Deuterated PEG was a generous gift from Professor Thomas Epps. J.C.A., R.L., and T.X. were supported by National Institutes of Health (Contract 5R21EB016947-02). S.K. and D.M. acknowledge funding from the Office of Naval Research (Grant # N00014-13-1-0760). We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron facilities used in this work. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD OCT PY 2016 VL 17 IS 10 BP 3262 EP 3267 DI 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00986 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA DY6IP UT WOS:000385209900017 PM 27584005 ER PT J AU Pendyala, VRR Jacobs, G Ma, WP Sparks, DE Shafer, WD Khalid, S Xiao, QF Hu, YF Davis, BH AF Pendyala, Venkat Ramana Rao Jacobs, Gary Ma, Wenping Sparks, Dennis E. Shafer, Wilson D. Khalid, Syed Xiao, Qunfeng Hu, Yongfeng Davis, Burtron H. TI Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: XANES Investigation of Hydrogen Chloride Poisoned Iron and Cobalt-Based Catalysts at the K-Edges of Cl, Fe, and Co SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; Iron; Cobalt; Hydrogen chloride; Activity; Selectivity; XANES ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; TRANSITION-METAL CHLORIDES; BIOMASS; SYNGAS; SPECTROSCOPY; IMPURITIES; EMISSION; SPECTRA; AMMONIA; FUELS AB The effect of co-fed hydrogen chloride (HCl) in syngas on the performance of iron and cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch (FT) catalysts was investigated in our earlier studies (Ma et al. in ACS Catal 5:3124-3136, 2015; Davis et al., DOE final report, 2011; Gnanamani et al. in Catal Lett 144:1127-1133, 2014). For an iron catalyst, lower HCl concentrations (< 2.0 ppmw of HCl)) in syngas did not significantly affect the activity, whereas rapid deactivation occurred at higher concentrations (similar to 20 ppmw). With cobalt catalysts, even low concentrations of HCl (100 ppbw) caused catalyst deactivation, and the deactivation rate increased with increasing HCl concentration in the syngas. The deactivation of the catalysts is explained by the chloride being adsorbed on the catalyst surface to (1) block the active sites and/or (2) electronically modify the sites. In this study, XANES spectroscopy was employed to investigate the HCl poisoning mechanism on the iron and cobalt catalysts. Normalized XANES spectra recorded at the Cl K-edge indicate that Cl is indeed present on the catalyst following HCl poisoning and exhibits a structure similar to the family of compounds MCl; two main peaks are formed, with the second peak consisting of a main peak and a higher energy shoulder. At the Co K and Fe K edges, the white line was observed to be slightly increased relative to the same catalyst under clean conditions. There is then the additional possibility that Cl adsorption may act in part to intercept electron density from the FT metallic function (e.g., cobalt or iron carbide). If so, this would result in less back-donation and therefore hinder the scission of molecules such as CO. [GRAPHICS] . C1 [Pendyala, Venkat Ramana Rao; Jacobs, Gary; Ma, Wenping; Sparks, Dennis E.; Shafer, Wilson D.; Davis, Burtron H.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, 2540 Res Pk Dr, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. [Khalid, Syed] Brookhaven Natl Labs, NSLS, Brookhaven Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Xiao, Qunfeng; Hu, Yongfeng] Canadian Light Source Inc, 44 Innovat Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada. RP Davis, BH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, 2540 Res Pk Dr, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. EM burtron.davis@uky.edu FU Commonwealth of Kentucky; DOE [DE-FC26-08NT0006368]; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Research Council Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Government of Saskatchewan; Western Economic Diversification Canada; University of Saskatchewan FX This work carried out at the CAER was supported by the Commonwealth of Kentucky and DOE Grant (DE-FC26-08NT0006368). Research described in this paper was performed in part at the Canadian Light Source, which is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the National Research Council Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Government of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, and the University of Saskatchewan. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 146 IS 10 BP 1858 EP 1866 DI 10.1007/s10562-016-1820-8 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY6DO UT WOS:000385196700004 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Kidder, M Ruther, RE Nanda, J Foo, GS Wu, ZL Narula, CK AF Zhang, Yang Kidder, Michelle Ruther, Rose E. Nanda, Jagjit Foo, Guo Shiou Wu, Zili Narula, Chaitanya K. TI Promotional Effects of In on Non-Oxidative Methane Transformation Over Mo-ZSM-5 SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MO/HZSM-5 CATALYSTS; DIRECT CONVERSION; AROMATIZATION; DEHYDROAROMATIZATION; DEHYDROGENATION; BENZENE; ZEOLITES; REDUCTION; OXYGEN; ZSM-5 AB We present a new class of catalysts, InMo-ZSM-5, which can be prepared by indium impregnation of Mo-ZSM-5. The incorporation of indium dramatically decreases coke formation during methane dehydroaromatization. The benzene and C2 hydrocarbons selectivity among total hydrocarbons over InMo-ZSM-5 remains comparable to that of Mo-ZSM-5 despite reduced methane conversion due to decreased coke formation. We found 1 wt% indium to be optimal loading for reducing coke selectivity to half that of Mo-ZSM-5. Characterization methods were not helpful in discerning the interaction of In with Mo but experiments with bimetallic 1In2Mo-ZSM-5 and mechanical mixture 1In+2Mo-ZSM-5 suggest that In and Mo need to be in close proximity to suppress coke formation. This is supported by temperature programmed reduction experiments which show that In incorporation leads to lower Mo reduction temperature in In2Mo-ZMS-5. [GRAPHICS] . C1 [Zhang, Yang; Ruther, Rose E.; Nanda, Jagjit; Narula, Chaitanya K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kidder, Michelle; Foo, Guo Shiou; Wu, Zili] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Narula, CK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM narulack@ornl.gov RI Ruther, Rose/I-9207-2016; OI Ruther, Rose/0000-0002-1391-902X; Foo, Guo Shiou/0000-0003-0807-5878 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy of Science, Chemical Science, Geoscience and Bioscience Division FX This research is sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy. Authors thank Andrew Lepore for critical reading of manuscript. We also thank Shreya Celly, a summer undergraduate intern, for assistance with some of the experiments. Raman microscopy work is supported by Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the US Department of Energy. TPR work was supported by US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy of Science, Chemical Science, Geoscience and Bioscience Division. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 146 IS 10 BP 1903 EP 1909 DI 10.1007/s10562-016-1831-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DY6DO UT WOS:000385196700009 ER PT J AU Legg, BA Zhu, MQ Zhang, HZ Waychunas, G Gilbert, B Banfield, JF AF Legg, Benjamin A. Zhu, Mengqiang Zhang, Hengzhong Waychunas, Glenn Gilbert, Benjamin Banfield, Jillian F. TI A Model for Nucleation When Nuclei Are Nonstoichiometric: Understanding the Precipitation of Iron Oxyhydroxide Nanoparticles SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; IN-SITU; BETA-FEOOH; INTERFACIAL-TENSIONS; SILICA NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; GROWTH AB Despite years of study, quantitative models for the nucleation and growth of metal oxyhydroxide nanoparticles from aqueous solution have remained elusive. The problem is complicated by surface adsorption, which causes the stoichiometry of the nucleus to differ from that of the bulk precipitate and causes the surface tension of the precipitate-water interface to depend upon solution chemistry. Here we present a variation of classical nucleation theory that can accommodate surface adsorption, and apply it to understand the nucleation of beta-FeOOH (akaganeite) nanoparticles from aqueous FeCl3 solutions. We use small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to quantify nucleation rates over a range of concentrations (5-200 mM FeCl3) and temperatures (47-80 degrees C), then apply our model to estimate the critical nucleus size and surface tension at each condition. The surface tension varies from 0.07 J/m(2) in 200 mM solutions to 0.16 J/m(2) in 5 mM solutions. This behavior indicates that the nuclei contain an excess of Cl- and H+ relative to the ideal FeOOH stoichiometry, and the coadsorption of Cl- and H+ is critical for reducing surface tension into a range where classical nucleation pathways can operate. Furthermore, we find that the surface tension can be roughly estimated from aqueous solubility data alone, which may help to understand systems where surface tension data is unavailable. C1 [Legg, Benjamin A.; Zhang, Hengzhong; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhu, Mengqiang; Waychunas, Glenn; Gilbert, Benjamin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Geosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Legg, Benjamin A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Zhu, Mengqiang] Univ Wyoming, Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Zhang, Hengzhong] Ctr High Pressure Sci & Technol Adv Res, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. RP Legg, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Legg, BA (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM benjamin.legg@pnnl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Roseann Csencsits of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for support with TEM image acquisition. We thank Alexander Hexemer, Steven A. Alvarez, and Eric Schaible for the support with SAXS data acquisition. SAXS experiments were performed at the Advanced Light Source, a user facility at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 EI 1528-7505 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 5726 EP 5737 DI 10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00809 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA DY2WI UT WOS:000384952400019 ER PT J AU McCormick, LJ Morris, SA Slawin, AMZ Teat, SJ Morris, RE AF McCormick, Laura J. Morris, Samuel A. Slawin, Alexandra M. Z. Teat, Simon J. Morris, Russell E. TI Coordination Polymers of 5-Alkoxy Isophthalic Acids SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; NITRIC-OXIDE ADSORPTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; 5-METHYLISOPHTHALIC ACID; BUILDING-BLOCKS; GAS SEPARATION; SLOW-RELEASE; HETERO-MOFS; COMPLEXES AB The topology of coordination polymers containing 5-alkoxy isophthalic acids and first row transition metals was found to be dependent on the combination of solvent system used and length of the alkyl chain. Four different framework types were identified: Phase A, M-6(ROip)(5)(OH)(2)(H2O)(4)center dot xH(2)O (M = Co and R = Et, Pr, or Bu-n, or M = Zn and R = Et); Phase B, M-2(ROip)(2)(H2O) (M = Co or Zn and R = Et, Pr, Bu-n, or Bu-i, or M = Mn and R = Bu-n, or Bu-i); Phase C, Zn-3(EtOip)(2)(OH)(2); and Phase D, Zn-2(EtOip)(2)(H2O)(3). Preliminary screening of the NO storage and release capabilities of the Co-containing materials is also reported. C1 [McCormick, Laura J.; Morris, Samuel A.; Slawin, Alexandra M. Z.; Morris, Russell E.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Chem, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, Scotland. [McCormick, Laura J.; Teat, Simon J.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McCormick, LJ (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Chem, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, Scotland.; McCormick, LJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ljmccormick@lbl.gov OI McCormick, Laura/0000-0002-6634-4717 FU British Heart Foundation [NH/11/8/29253]; EPSRC [EP/K005499/1]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX L.J.M. gratefully acknowledges Dr. Yuri G. Andreev for his assistance in collecting VT-PXRD spectra. This work was funded by the British Heart Foundation (NH/11/8/29253) and the EPSRC (EP/K005499/1). Crystallographic data for all Phase A crystals, Co2(EtOip)2(H2O)1.48center dot 2.06H2O, Zn2-(EtOip)2(H2O), and Mn2(nBuOip)2(H2O) were collected at station 11.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source, Berkeley, CA. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 103 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 EI 1528-7505 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 5771 EP 5780 DI 10.1021/acs.cgd.6b00853 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA DY2WI UT WOS:000384952400023 ER PT J AU Ponou, S Lidin, S Gruner, D Miller, GJ AF Ponou, Simeon Lidin, Sven Gruener, Daniel Miller, Gordon J. TI Conflict between the Electronic Factors and Structure-Directing Rules in the lntergrowth Structure of Ca4Ag2+xGe4-x with x=1/2 SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID ZINTL-PHASES; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; INTERGROWTH; TRANSITION AB Combined experimental and theoretical efforts to conceptually understand the structure directing forces in intergrowth structures have led to the discovery of the new ternary phase Ca4Ag2+xGe4-x (x = 0.5), obtained from high temperature reaction of the elements. It crystallizes in a new structure type according to single-crystal diffraction methods: monoclinic space group C2/m-i(10) with a = 10.7516(2) angstrom, b = 4.5475(1) angstrom, c = 18.7773(4)angstrom, beta = 93.69(2)degrees, V = 916.17(3) angstrom(3), Z = 4. The compound corresponds to the n = 2 member of the homologous series Ca2+nAg2+xGe2+n-x,that are built up by linear intergrowths of slabs cut from the CaGe (CrB-type) and the CaAg1+xGe1-x (KHg2 or TiNiSi-type) structures, and may be partitioned in Ag-rich and Ag-free domains. Instead of the predicted Zr2CoSi2-type (C2/m-i(5)), a simultaneous doubling of the size of the two building blocks is observed with the dimerization of the (Ge-2) pairs into Ag-substituted tetramers (AgxGe4-x) due to valence electron shortage. However, the Ag/Ge mixing at one atomic site with roughly one-to-one atomic ratio is therefore unexplained. The electronic band structure calculations and analysis of the chemical bonding provided evidence that the Ag/Ge mixing is rather the result of a direct conflict between the Zintl-Klemm concept and empirically established "structure-directing rules". The implications of these findings for the poorly understood ordered staging structural interfaces, typically observed in secondary Li-ion batteries during charge/discharge process, are briefly discussed. C1 [Ponou, Simeon; Lidin, Sven] Lund Univ, Ctr Anal & Synth, Nat Vetarvagen 14,Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Gruener, Daniel] Forschungszentrum Julich, IEK 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Miller, Gordon J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Miller, Gordon J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ponou, S (reprint author), Lund Univ, Ctr Anal & Synth, Nat Vetarvagen 14,Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.; Miller, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Miller, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Simeon.ponou@chem.lu.se; gmiller@iastate.edu FU Swedish National Science Council (VR); National Science Foundation [NSF DMR 10-05765, 12-09135] FX The work at Lund University was financially supported by the Swedish National Science Council (VR) and, at Iowa State University by the National Science Foundation (NSF DMR 10-05765 and 12-09135). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 EI 1528-7505 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 16 IS 10 BP 5946 EP 5953 DI 10.1021/acs.cgd.6b01002 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA DY2WI UT WOS:000384952400042 ER PT J AU Stulberg, MJ Rascoe, J Li, WB Yan, ZH Nakhla, MK Huang, Q AF Stulberg, Michael J. Rascoe, John Li, Wenbin Yan, Zonghe Nakhla, Mark K. Huang, Qi TI Development and Comparison of TaqMan-Based Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection and Differentiation of Ralstonia solanacearum strains SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MULTIPLEX AB Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is destructive to many plant species worldwide. The race 3 biovar 2 (r3b2) strains of R. solanacearum infect potatoes in temperate climates and are listed as select agents by the U.S. government. TaqMan-based real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is commonly used in federal and state diagnostic laboratories over conventional PCR due to its speed and sensitivity. We developed the Rs16S primers and probe set and compared it with a widely used set (RS) for detecting R. solanacearum species complex strains. We also developed the RsSA3 primers and probe set and compared it with the previously published B2 and RsSA2 sets for specific detection of r3b2 strains. Both comparisons were done under standardized qPCR master mix and cycling conditions. The Rs16S and RS assays detected all 90 R. solanacearum species complex strains and none of the five outgroups, but the former was more sensitive than the latter. For r3b2 strain detection, the RsSA2 and RsSA3 sets specifically detected the 34 r3b2 strains and none of the 56 R. solanacearum non-r3b2 strains or out-group strains. The B2 set, however, detected five non-r3b2 R. solanacearum strains and was less sensitive than the other two sets under the same testing conditions. We conclude that the Rs16S, RsSA2, and RsSA3 sets are best suited under the standardized conditions for the detection of R. solanacearum species complex and r3b2 strains by TaqMan-based qPCR assays. C1 [Stulberg, Michael J.; Huang, Qi] ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Stulberg, Michael J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rascoe, John; Li, Wenbin; Yan, Zonghe; Nakhla, Mark K.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, USDA, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Huang, Q (reprint author), ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM qi.huang@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS); Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); USDA; DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100] FX This research was financially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS) and Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). It was supported in part by an appointment to the ARS Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and USDA. ORISE is managed by ORAU under DOE contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 EI 1432-0991 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 73 IS 4 BP 542 EP 549 DI 10.1007/s00284-016-1091-z PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DY5ZJ UT WOS:000385184100012 PM 27402488 ER PT J AU Wang, JJ Chen, L Kang, QJ Rahman, SS AF Wang, Junjian Chen, Li Kang, Qinjun Rahman, Sheik S. TI Apparent permeability prediction of organic shale with generalized lattice Boltzmann model considering surface diffusion effect SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Shale gas; Lattice Boltzmann method; Surface diffusion ID METHANE ADSORPTION; GAS-FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; SLIP-FLOW; TRANSPORT; RESERVOIRS; NANOPORES; KEROGEN; MATRIX; SIMULATIONS AB Gas flow in shale is associated with both organic matter (OM) and inorganic matter (IOM) which contain nano-pores ranging in size from a few to hundreds of nano-meters. In addition to the non-continuum effect which leads to an apparent permeability of gas higher than the intrinsic permeability, the surface diffusion of adsorbed gas in organic pores also can influence the apparent permeability through its own transport mechanism. In this study, a generalized lattice Boltzmann model (GLBM) is employed for gas flow through the reconstructed shale matrix consisting of OM and IOM. The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is used to assign the pore size distribution to each component, and the dusty gas model (DGM) and generalized Maxwell-Stefan model (GMS) are adopted to calculate the apparent permeability accounting for multiple transport mechanisms including viscous flow, Knudsen diffusion and surface diffusion. Effects of pore radius and pressure on permeability of both IOM and OM as well as effects of Langmuir parameters on OM are investigated. The effect of total organic content and distribution on the apparent permeability of the reconstructed shale matrix at different surface diffusivity is also studied. It is found that the influence of pore size and pressure on the apparent permeability of organic matter is affected by the surface diffusion of adsorbed gas. Moreover, surface diffusion plays a significant role in determining apparent permeability and the velocity distribution of shale matrix. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Junjian; Rahman, Sheik S.] Univ New S Wales Sydney, Sch Petr Engn, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia. [Wang, Junjian; Chen, Li; Kang, Qinjun] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chen, Li] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Energy & Power Engn, MOE, Key Lab Thermofluid Sci & Engn, Xian 710049, Shanxi, Peoples R China. RP Kang, QJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM qkang@lanl.gov FU SCOPE; UNSW; LDRD program of LANL; China Scholarship Council (CSC); National Nature Science Foundation of China [51406145, 51136004]; DOE oil gas project FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support from SCOPE, UNSW and the LDRD program of LANL. J.W. would like to acknowledge the financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC). J.W. also thanks the suggestions from Prof. Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg. L.C. would also like to acknowledge the support from National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51406145, 51136004), and Q.K. would also like to acknowledge the support from a DOE oil & gas project. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 28 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 181 BP 478 EP 490 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2016.05.032 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DN8KU UT WOS:000377328700045 ER PT J AU Iwasaki, M Iglesia, E AF Iwasaki, Masaoki Iglesia, Enrique TI Mechanistic assessments of NO oxidation turnover rates and active site densities on WO3-promoted CeO2 catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE NO oxidation; Cerium oxide; Tungsten oxide; UV-visible spectroscopy; Active site density ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; NITRIC-OXIDE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; O-2 ADSORPTION; REDUCTION; NH3; AMMONIA; SURFACE; OXYGEN; CLUSTERS AB The effects of NO, NO2 and O-2 pressures on NO oxidation rates and UV-visible spectra are used here to assess the elementary steps and the number and type of redox-active sites involved in NO oxidation on CeO2 promoted by contact with WO3 domains. The reversible chemisorption of O-2 on vacancies (*) and the subsequent dissociation of O-2* assisted by NO to form O* and NO2 are the kinetically-relevant steps on surfaces with O* coverage set by NO-NO2 equilibration. O-2p -> Ce-4f ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCf) bands probe the rate constants for O-2* formation and desorption at catalytic conditions; their comparison with those derived from rate data confirms the mechanistic conclusions and the involvement of CeO2 surfaces promoted by contact with WO3 domains. These data allow an accurate assessment of the number and type of redox-active sites, thus allowing reactivity comparisons among catalysts based on turnover rates. The number of redox-active sites increased with increasing W surface density (2.1-9.5 W/nm(2)), but NO oxidation turnover rates were essentially unchanged. These elementary steps and active structures differ markedly from those that mediate NO oxidation on Pt, PdO, RhO2 and Co3O4 catalysts. Turnover rates are similar on WO3/CeO2 and Pt-based catalysts at practical temperatures of diesel exhaust treatment (similar to 500 K), but WO3/CeO2 catalysts exhibit much higher rates based on catalyst mass (>10-fold), thus rendering useful as less costly and more resilient alternatives to noble metals. These findings illustrate a method to probe the number and type of redox-active sites and conceptual insights into the pathways that mediate the chemisorption and activation of O-2 by isolated vacancies and the subsequent dissociation of O=O bonds by assistance from co-reactants. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Iwasaki, Masaoki; Iglesia, Enrique] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Iglesia, Enrique] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Iglesia, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM iglesia@berkeley.edu RI Iglesia, Enrique/D-9551-2017 OI Iglesia, Enrique/0000-0003-4109-1001 FU Toyota Central RD Labs., Inc. FX The authors acknowledge Johannes Simboeck, M.Sc. and Dr. Prashant Deshlahra (UC Berkeley) for technical support about experimental setup of kinetic rate measurement and UV-visible measurement, respectively. We thank Dr. Brian Weiss (Exxon Mobil Research) for helpful technical advice for NO oxidation rate measurement. We are also grateful to Drs. Yongchun Hong and Johannes Simboeck, (UC Berkeley) for careful proofreading and helpful suggestions of the manuscript. MI acknowledges financial support from Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. during research at UC Berkeley. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 51 U2 51 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 EI 1090-2694 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 342 BP 84 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.07.011 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DY1OP UT WOS:000384864600009 ER PT J AU Otto, T Ramallo-Lopez, JM Giovanetti, LJ Requejo, FG Zones, SI Iglesia, E AF Otto, Trenton Ramallo-Lopez, Jose M. Giovanetti, Lisandro J. Requejo, Felix G. Zones, Stacey I. Iglesia, Enrique TI Synthesis of stable monodisperse AuPd, AuPt, and PdPt bimetallic clusters encapsulated within LTA-zeolites SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bimetallic catalyst; Noble metals; Sinter stable; Encapsulation; LTA zeolite; Hydrothermal synthesis; Oxidative dehydrogenation ID CO OXIDATION; CATALYTIC-PROPERTIES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; METAL; GOLD; NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY; SURFACES; ADSORPTION; ALLOYS AB AuPd, AuPt, and PdPt bimetallic clusters uniform in size and composition were prepared using hydrothermal assembly of LTA crystals around cationic precursors stabilized by protecting mercaptosilane ligands. The sulfur moiety in these bifunctional ligands forms adducts that prevent premature reduction or precipitation of metal precursors during crystallization. The silane groups can form bridges with silicate oligomers as they form, thus enforcing homogeneous distributions of precursors throughout crystals and ensuring that subsequent reductive treatments lead to the two elements residing within small and nearly monodisperse clusters. Their confinement within LTA crystals, evident from microscopy and titrations with large poisons, renders them stable against sintering during thermal treatments at high temperatures (820-870 K). Infrared spectra of chemisorbed CO show that bimetallic surfaces are free of synthetic debris after thermal treatments; these spectra also indicate that intracluster segregation occurs upon CO chemisorption, a demonstration of the presence of the two elements within the same clusters. The number and type of atoms coordinated to a given absorber atom, determined from the fine structure in X-ray absorption spectra, are consistent with bimetallic structures of uniform composition. The rates of ethanol oxidative dehydrogenation on these bimetallic clusters were essentially unaffected by exposure to dibenzothiophene, a large poison that suppresses rates on unconfined clusters, indicating that bimetallic clusters are protected within the confines of LTA crystals. These synthetic protocols seem generally applicable to other bimetallic compositions and zeolites, for which the monometallic counterparts have been successfully encapsulated within several microporous frameworks using ligand-stabilized precursors and hydrothermal crystallization methods. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Otto, Trenton; Iglesia, Enrique] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ramallo-Lopez, Jose M.; Giovanetti, Lisandro J.; Requejo, Felix G.] UNLP, CONICET, Inst Invest Fisicoquim Teor & Aplicadas INIFTA, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Zones, Stacey I.] Chevron Energy Technol Co, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Iglesia, Enrique] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Iglesia, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 103 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM iglesia@berkeley.edu RI Iglesia, Enrique/D-9551-2017 OI Iglesia, Enrique/0000-0003-4109-1001 FU Chevron Energy Technology Co; CONICET (PIP) [1035]; LNLS [XAFS1-18861]; ARCS Foundation Fellowship; TEM instrumentation FX We gratefully acknowledge the generous financial support of the Chevron Energy Technology Co, as well as ancillary research support from CONICET (PIP No. 1035) and LNLS (Project XAFS1-18861) and an ARCS Foundation Fellowship (for TO). We thank Dr. Reena Zalpuri (Electron Microscope Lab) for support with TEM instrumentation and Dr. Antonio DiPasquale (X-Ray Facility) for assistance with the acquisition of diffraction data. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 38 U2 38 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 EI 1090-2694 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 342 BP 125 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.07.017 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DY1OP UT WOS:000384864600013 ER PT J AU Liu, NW Guo, XF Navrotsky, A Shi, L Wu, D AF Liu, Naiwang Guo, Xiaofeng Navrotsky, Alexandra Shi, Li Wu, Di TI Thermodynamic complexity of sulfated zirconia catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Sulfated zirconia; Enthalpy of formation; Heterogeneous catalysis; Thermodynamics; Calorimetry; Olefins conversion; Stability and activity ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; ACID; ALKYLATION; ENERGETICS; CALORIMETRY; ADSORPTION; MOLECULE; ETHANOL; WATER AB A series of sulfated zirconia (SZ) catalysts were synthesized by immersion of amorphous zirconium hydroxide in sulfuric acid of various concentrations (1-5 N). These samples were fully characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), and aqueous sulfuric acid immersion and high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. We investigated the enthalpies of the complex interactions between sulfur species and the zirconia surface (Delta H-SZ) for the sulfated zirconia precursor (SZP), ranging from - 109.46 +/- 7.33 (1 N) to -42.50 +/- 0.89 (4 N) S. Delta H-SZ appears to be a roughly exponential function of sulfuric acid concentration. On the other hand, the enthalpy of SZ formation (Delta H-f), becomes more exothermic linearly as sulfur surface coverage increases, from -147.90 +/- 4.16 (2.14 nm(-2)) to -317.03 +/- 4.20 (2.29 nm(-2)) kJ/mol S, indicating formation of energetically more stable polysulfate species. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Naiwang; Shi, Li] East China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Liu, Naiwang; Navrotsky, Alexandra] Univ Calif Davis, Peter A Rock Thermochem Lab, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Liu, Naiwang; Navrotsky, Alexandra] Univ Calif Davis, NEAT ORU, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Guo, Xiaofeng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Earth Syst Observat, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wu, Di] Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. RP Shi, L (reprint author), East China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.; Navrotsky, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Peter A Rock Thermochem Lab, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Navrotsky, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, NEAT ORU, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Wu, D (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. EM anavrotsky@ucdavis.edu; yyshi@ecust.edu.cn; d.wu@wsu.edu RI Wu, Di/A-3039-2014 OI Wu, Di/0000-0001-6879-321X FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-05ER15667]; China Scholarship Council for the State Scholarship Fund [201506740047]; Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at Washington State University FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Grant DE-FG02-05ER15667. N.L. thanks the China Scholarship Council for the State Scholarship Fund (No. 201506740047). D.W. thanks the institutional funds from the Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at Washington State University. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 EI 1090-2694 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 342 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.08.001 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA DY1OP UT WOS:000384864600016 ER PT J AU Qian, C Johs, A Chen, HM Mann, BF Lu, X Abraham, PE Hettich, RL Gu, BH AF Qian, Chen Johs, Alexander Chen, Hongmei Mann, Benjamin F. Lu, Xia Abraham, Paul E. Hettich, Robert L. Gu, Baohua TI Global Proteome Response to Deletion of Genes Related to Mercury Methylation and Dissimilatory Metal Reduction Reveals Changes in Respiratory Metabolism in Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE comparative proteomics; gene deletion; acetyl-CoA pathway; mercury reduction; methylation; metabolic processes ID DESULFOVIBRIO-DESULFURICANS LS; WOOD-LJUNGDAHL PATHWAY; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; LABEL-FREE; EFFLUX; FE(III); ACID; ENVIRONMENTS AB Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA can 'reduce, sorb, and methylate mercury (Hg); however, the underlying biochemical mechanisms of these processes and interdependent metabolic pathways remain unknown. In this study, shotgun proteomics was used to compare global proteome profiles between wild-type G. sulfurreducens PCA and two mutant strains: a Delta hgcAB mutant, which is deficient in two genes known to be essential for Hg methylation and a Delta omcBESTZ mutant, which is deficient in five outer membrane c-type cytochromes and thus impaired in its ability for dissimilatory metal ion reduction. We were able to delineate the global response of G. sulfurreducens PCA in both mutants and identify cellular networks and metabolic pathways that were affected by the loss of these genes. Deletion of hgcAB increased the relative abundances of proteins implicated in extracellular electron transfer, including most of the c-type cytochromes, PilA-C, and OmpB, and is consistent with a previously observed increase in Hg reduction in the Delta hgcAB mutant. Deletion of omcBESTZ was found to significantly increase relative abundances of various methyltransferases, suggesting that a loss of dissimilatory reduction capacity results in elevated activity among one-carbon (C1) metabolic pathways and thus increased methylation. We show that G. sulfurreducens PCA encodes only the folate branch of the acetyl-CoA pathway, and proteins associated with the folate branch were found at lower abundance in the Delta hgcAB mutant strain than the wild type. This observation supports the hypothesis that the function of HgcA and HgcB is linked to C1 metabolism through the folate branch of the acetyl-CoA pathway by providing methyl groups required for Hg methylation. C1 [Qian, Chen; Abraham, Paul E.; Hettich, Robert L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Qian, Chen; Hettich, Robert L.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Johs, Alexander; Chen, Hongmei; Mann, Benjamin F.; Lu, Xia; Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gu, BH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gub1@ornl.gov FU University of Tennessee-Knoxville Genome Science and Technology Program; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, as part of the Mercury Science Focus Area at ORNL FX We thank D. R. Lovley at the University of Massachusetts for providing the Delta omcBESTZ mutant strain, D. A. Elias and R. A. Hurt Jr. for the Delta hgcAB mutant strain, and Qian Zhang, Hui Lin, Yurong Liu, Richard Giannone, and Lauren Swientoniewski at ORNL for technical assistance. C.Q. was supported in part by the University of Tennessee-Knoxville Genome Science and Technology Program. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The research was sponsored by DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, as part of the Mercury Science Focus Area at ORNL. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3540 EP 3549 DI 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00263 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DY4FJ UT WOS:000385054100009 PM 27463218 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZH Chen, H Vaziri, ND Mao, JR Zhang, L Bai, X Zhao, YY AF Zhang, Zhi-Hao Chen, Hua Vaziri, Nosratola D. Mao, Jia-Rong Zhang, Li Bai, Xu Zhao, Ying-Yong TI Metabolomic Signatures of Chronic Kidney Disease of Diverse Etiologies in the Rats and Humans SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chronic kidney disease; adenine-induced CKD rats; 5/6 nephrectomized rats; metabolomics; biomarker; irbesartan; enalapril; plasma ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; SENSITIVITY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TUBULOINTERSTITIAL FIBROSIS; LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID; INFLAMMATION; RECEPTOR; MODEL; NRF2; HEMODIALYSIS AB Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide. It frequently progresses to end-stage renal disease, which is related to very high cost and mortality. Novel biomarkers can provide insight into the novel mechanism, facilitate early detection, and monitor progression of CKD and its response to therapeutic interventions. To identify potential biomarkers, we applied an UPLC-HDMS together with univariate and multivariate statistical analyses using plasma samples from patients with CKD of diverse etiologies (100 sera in discovery set and 120 sera in validation set) and two different rat models of CKD. Using comprehensive screening and validation workflow, we identified a panel of seven metabolites that were shared by all patients and animals regardless of the underlying cause of CKD. These included ricinoleic acid, stearic acid, cytosine, LPA(16:0), LPA(18:2), 3-methylhistidine, and argininic acid. The combination of these seven biomarkers enabled the discrimination of patients with CKD from healthy subjects with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 96.7%. In addition, these biomarkers accurately reflected improvements in renal function in response to the therapeutic interventions. Our results indicated that the identified biomarkers may improve the diagnosis of CKD and provide a novel tool for monitoring of the progression of disease and response to treatment in CKD patients. C1 [Chen, Hua; Zhao, Ying-Yong] Northwest Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Resource Biol & Biotechnol Western China, Minist Educ, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xian 710069, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Vaziri, Nosratola D.; Zhao, Ying-Yong] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, MedSci 1, C352,UCI Campus, Irvine, CA 92897 USA. [Zhang, Zhi-Hao] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhang, Zhi-Hao] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mao, Jia-Rong] Shaanxi Inst Tradit Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp, Dept Nephrol, 2 Xihuamen, Xian 710003, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Li] Xian 4 Hosp, Dept Nephrol, 21 Jiefang Rd, Xian 710004, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Bai, Xu] Waters Technol Shanghai Ltd, Solut Ctr, 1000 Jinhai Rd, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, YY (reprint author), Northwest Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Resource Biol & Biotechnol Western China, Minist Educ, 229 Taibai North Rd, Xian 710069, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Zhao, YY (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, MedSci 1, C352,UCI Campus, Irvine, CA 92897 USA. EM zyy@nwu.edu.cn FU Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0954]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [J1210063, 81202909, 81274025]; project "As a Major New Drug to Create a Major National Science and Technology Special" [2014ZX09304307-02] FX This work was financially supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-13-0954), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. J1210063, 81202909 and 81274025) and the project "As a Major New Drug to Create a Major National Science and Technology Special" (No. 2014ZX09304307-02). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 15 IS 10 BP 3802 EP 3812 DI 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00583 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DY4FJ UT WOS:000385054100032 PM 27636000 ER PT J AU Xu, YF Chen, Y Xu, GL Zhang, XR Chen, ZH Li, JT Huang, L Amine, K Sun, SG AF Xu, Yue-Feng Chen, Yuan Xu, Gui-Liang Zhang, Xiao-Ru Chen, Zonghai Li, Jun-Tao Huang, Ling Amine, Khalil Sun, Shi-Gang TI RuO2 nanoparticles supported on MnO2 nanorods as high efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst of lithium-oxygen battery SO NANO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE RuO2 nanoparticles on MnO2 nanorods; Bifunctional electrocatalysts; ORR; OER; Lithium-oxygen battery ID RECHARGEABLE LI-O-2 BATTERIES; AIR BATTERY; CATHODE CATALYST; POROUS GRAPHENE; LONG-LIFE; PERFORMANCE; CAPACITY; ELECTROLYTES; DECOMPOSITION; CAPABILITY AB RuO2 nanoparticles supported on MnO2 nanorods (denoted as np-RuO2/nr-MnO2) were synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal reaction. SEM and TEM images both illustrated that RuO2 nanoparticles are well dispersed on the surface of MnO2 nanorods in the as-prepared np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 material. Electrochemical results demonstrated that the np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 as oxygen cathode of Li-O-2 batteries could maintain a reversible capacity of 500 mA h g(-1) within 75 cycles at a rate of 50 mA g(-1), and a higher capacity of 4000 mA h g(-1) within 20 cycles at a rate as high as 200 mA g(-1). Moreover, the cell with the np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 catalyst presented much lower voltage polarization (about 0.58 V at a rate of 50 mA g(-1)) than that measured with only MnO2 nanorods during charge/discharge processes. The catalytic property of the np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 and MnO2 nanorods were further compared by conducting studies of using rotating disk electrode (RDE), chronoamperommetry and linear sweep voltammetry. The results illustrated that the np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 exhibited excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activities towards both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Furthermore, in-situ high-energy X-ray diffraction was employed to trace evolution of species on the np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 cathode during the discharge processes. In-situ XRD patterns demonstrated the formation process of the discharge products that consisted of mainly Li2O2. Ex-situ SEM images were recorded to investigate the morphology and decomposition of the sphere-like Li2O2, which could be observed clearly after discharge process, while are decomposed almost after charge process. The excellent electrochemical performances of the np-RuO2/nr-MnO2 as cathode of Li-O-2 battery could be contributed to the excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activities for both the ORR and OER, and to the one-dimensional structure which would benefit the diffusion of oxygen and the storage of Li2O2 in the discharge process of Li-O-2 battery. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Yue-Feng; Chen, Yuan; Zhang, Xiao-Ru; Huang, Ling; Sun, Shi-Gang] Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. [Li, Jun-Tao; Sun, Shi-Gang] Xiamen Univ, Coll Energy, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. [Xu, Gui-Liang; Chen, Zonghai; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 South Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Sun, SG (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China. EM sgsun@xmu.edu.cn RI XU, GUILIANG/F-3804-2017 FU NSFC [21373008, 21321062, 21273184]; U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was financially supported by NSFC (Grant Nos. 21373008, 21321062, 21273184). Research at the Argonne National Laboratory was funded by U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office. Support from Tien Duong of the U.S. DOE's Office of Vehicle Technologies Program is gratefully acknowledged. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 110 U2 110 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-2855 EI 2211-3282 J9 NANO ENERGY JI Nano Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.08.009 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY2GR UT WOS:000384911600007 ER PT J AU Xu, YH Hu, EY Yang, FF Corbett, J Sun, ZH Lyu, YC Yu, XQ Liu, YJ Yang, XQ Li, H AF Xu, Yahong Hu, Enyuan Yang, Feifei Corbett, Jeff Sun, Zhihong Lyu, Yingchun Yu, Xiqian Liu, Yijin Yang, Xiao-Qing Li, Hong TI Structural integrity-Searching the key factor to suppress the voltage fade of Li-rich layered cathode materials through 3D X-ray imaging and spectroscopy techniques SO NANO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion batteries; Cathode; Lithium rich layered oxides; Voltage fade; Transmission X-ray microscopy ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; HIGH-ENERGY-DENSITY; OXIDE ELECTRODES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; COMPOSITE CATHODE; OXYGEN LOSS; FIB-SEM; CAPACITY AB Li-rich layered materials are important cathode compounds used in commercial lithium ion batteries, which, however, suffers from some drawbacks including the so-called voltage fade upon electrochemical cycling. This study employs novel transmission X-ray microscopy to investigate the electrochemical reaction induced morphological and chemical changes in the Li-rich Li2Ru0.5Mn0.5O3 cathode particles at the meso to nano scale. Combined X-ray spectroscopy, diffraction and microscopy experiments are performed to systematically study this cathode material's evolution upon cycling as well as to establish a comprehensive understanding of the structural origin of capacity fade through 2D and 3D fine length scale morphology and heterogeneity change of this material. This work suggests that atomic manipulation (e.g. doping, substitution etc.) or nano engineering (e.g. nano-sizing, heterogeneous structure) are important strategies to mitigate the internal strain and defects induced by extensive lithium insertion/extraction. It also shows that maintaining the structural integrity is the key in designing and synthesizing lithium-rich layered materials with better cycle stability. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xu, Yahong; Sun, Zhihong] Donghua Univ, Coll Mech Engn, Shanghai 200051, Peoples R China. [Xu, Yahong; Corbett, Jeff; Liu, Yijin] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hu, Enyuan; Yu, Xiqian; Yang, Xiao-Qing] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Yang, Feifei] UCSF, Div Biomat & Bioengn, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Lyu, Yingchun; Yu, Xiqian; Li, Hong] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YJ (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.; Yu, XQ; Yang, XQ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Yu, XQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM xyu@iphy.ac.cn; liuyijin@slac.stanford.edu; xyang@bnl.gov RI Yu, Xiqian/B-5574-2014; Hu, Enyuan/D-7492-2016; Li, Hong/C-4643-2008; OI Yu, Xiqian/0000-0001-8513-518X; Hu, Enyuan/0000-0002-1881-4534; Li, Hong/0000-0002-8659-086X; Liu, Yijin/0000-0002-8417-2488 FU National Scientific Foundation of China [51325206]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies [DE-5C0012704]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-765F00515]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The engineering support from Dr. D. Van Campen for the TXM experiment at beamline 6-2C of SSRL is gratefully acknowledged. The work at Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is supported by National Scientific Foundation of China through Grant no. 51325206. The work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies under Contract no. DE-5C0012704. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-AC02-765F00515. The authors also acknowledge technical support from Dr. Wenqian Xu at beamline 17-BM-B of APS (ANL), supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 67 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-2855 EI 2211-3282 J9 NANO ENERGY JI Nano Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.08.039 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DY2GR UT WOS:000384911600019 ER PT J AU Lund-Johansen, F Carrillo, DD Mehta, A Sikorski, K Inngjerdingen, M Kalina, T Roysland, K de Souza, GA Bradbury, ARM Lecrevisse, Q Stuchly, J AF Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof Carrillo, Daniel de la Rosa Mehta, Adi Sikorski, Krzysztof Inngjerdingen, Marit Kalina, Tomas Roysland, Kjetil de Souza, Gustavo Antonio Bradbury, Andrew R. M. Lecrevisse, Quentin Stuchly, Jan TI MetaMass, a tool for meta-analysis of subcellular proteomics data SO NATURE METHODS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC TRAFFICKING; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; REVEALS AB We report a tool for the analysis of subcellular proteomics data, called MetaMass, based on the use of standardized lists of subcellular markers. We analyzed data from 11 studies using MetaMass, mapping the subcellular location of 5,970 proteins. Our analysis revealed large variations in the performance of subcellular fractionation protocols as well as systematic biases in protein annotation databases. The Excel and R versions of MetaMass should enhance transparency and reproducibility in subcellular proteomics. C1 [Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof; Carrillo, Daniel de la Rosa; Mehta, Adi; Sikorski, Krzysztof; Inngjerdingen, Marit; de Souza, Gustavo Antonio] Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Immunol, Oslo, Norway. [Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof; Sikorski, Krzysztof] Univ Oslo, KG Jebsen Ctr Canc Immunotherapy, Oslo, Norway. [Carrillo, Daniel de la Rosa] Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Oslo, Norway. [Mehta, Adi] Univ Oslo, KG Jebsen Inflammat Res Ctr, Oslo, Norway. [Kalina, Tomas; Stuchly, Jan] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 2, Dept Pediat Hematol & Oncol, Childhood Leukemia Invest Prague CLIP, Prague, Czech Republic. [Kalina, Tomas; Stuchly, Jan] Univ Hosp Motol, Prague, Czech Republic. [Roysland, Kjetil] Univ Oslo, Inst Basic Med Sci, Dept Biostat, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway. [Bradbury, Andrew R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div B, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Lecrevisse, Quentin] Univ Salamanca, Canc Res Ctr IBMCC, CSIC USAL, Salamanca, Spain. [Lecrevisse, Quentin] Univ Salamanca, Inst Biomed Res Salamanca IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain. [Lecrevisse, Quentin] Univ Salamanca, NUCLEUS, Salamanca, Spain. [Lecrevisse, Quentin] Univ Salamanca, Dept Med, Salamanca, Spain. RP Lund-Johansen, F (reprint author), Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Immunol, Oslo, Norway.; Lund-Johansen, F (reprint author), Univ Oslo, KG Jebsen Ctr Canc Immunotherapy, Oslo, Norway. EM fridtjol@gmail.com OI Lund-Johansen, Fridtjof/0000-0002-2445-1258; Bradbury, Andrew/0000-0002-5567-8172; Kalina, Tomas/0000-0003-4475-2872 FU K.G. Jebsen Foundation; Helse Sor-Ost [2013128]; Norwegian Research Council; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic (NPU I project) [LO1604] FX The authors thank J. Olweus, K.J. Malmberg and J. Trimmer for helpful discussions and critical reading. Grant support was provided by the K.G. Jebsen Foundation (F.L.-J.), Helse Sor-Ost (2013128, F.L.-J.), Norwegian Research Council (F.L.-J.), and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic (NPU I project no. LO1604, T.K. and J.S.). NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1548-7091 EI 1548-7105 J9 NAT METHODS JI Nat. Methods PD OCT PY 2016 VL 13 IS 10 BP 837 EP + DI 10.1038/nmeth.3967 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DY6CV UT WOS:000385194600018 PM 27571551 ER PT J AU Wright, AV Doudna, JA AF Wright, Addison V. Doudna, Jennifer A. TI Protecting genome integrity during CRISPR immune adaptation SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAS ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; SPACER ACQUISITION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HOST FACTOR; DNA; SYSTEMS; TRANSPOSITION; ELEMENTS; REPEATS; EVOLUTIONARY AB Bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems include genomic arrays of short repeats flanking foreign DNA sequences and provide adaptive immunity against viruses. Integration of foreign DNA must occur specifically to avoid damaging the genome or the CRISPR array, but surprisingly promiscuous activity occurs in vitro. Here we reconstituted full-site DNA integration and show that the Streptococcus pyogenes type II-A Cas1-Cas2 integrase maintains specificity in part through limitations on the second integration step. At non-CRISPR sites, integration stalls at the half-site intermediate, thereby enabling reaction reversal. S. pyogenes Cas1-Cas2 is highly specific for the leader-proximal repeat and recognizes the repeat's palindromic ends, thus fitting a model of independent recognition by distal Cas1 active sites. These findings suggest that DNA-insertion sites are less common than suggested by previous work, thereby preventing toxicity during CRISPR immune adaptation and maintaining host genome integrity. C1 [Wright, Addison V.; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Innovat Genom Initiat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr RNA Syst Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biophys & Integrated Bioimaging Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Innovat Genom Initiat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr RNA Syst Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Doudna, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biophys & Integrated Bioimaging Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM doudna@berkeley.edu FU US National Science Foundation [1244557]; National Institute of General Medicine Sciences [1P50GM102706-01]; US National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship; NIH S10 Instrumentation Grant [S10RR029668, S10RR027303] FX We are grateful to J.K. Nunez for technical assistance and members of the Doudna laboratory for discussion and input on the manuscript. This project was funded by US National Science Foundation grant no. 1244557 (J.A.D.) and National Institute of General Medicine Sciences grant no. 1P50GM102706-01 (J.H. Cate). A.V.W. is supported by a US National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship. J.A.D. is supported as an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and as a Paul Allen Distinguished Investigator. This work used the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 Instrumentation Grants S10RR029668 and S10RR027303. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9993 EI 1545-9985 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 BP 876 EP 883 DI 10.1038/nsmb.3289 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA DY3AZ UT WOS:000384964500004 PM 27595346 ER PT J AU Hayata, T Hidaka, Y Tanizaki, Y AF Hayata, Tomoya Hidaka, Yoshimasa Tanizaki, Yuya TI Complex saddle points and the sign problem in complex Langevin simulation SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-MECHANICS; EQUATIONS; DENSITY; SYSTEMS; QCD AB We show that complex Langevin simulation converges to a wrong result within the semiclassical analysis, by relating it to the Lefschetz-thimble path integral, when the path-integral weight has different phases among dominant complex saddle points. Equilibrium solution of the complex Langevin equation forms local distributions around complex saddle points. Its ensemble average approximately becomes a direct sum of the average in each local distribution, where relative phases among them are dropped. We propose that by taking these phases into account through reweighting, we can solve the wrong convergence problem. However, this prescription may lead to a recurrence of the sign problem in the complex Langevin method for quantum many-body systems. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hayata, Tomoya] RIKEN, Ctr Emergent Matter Sci, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Hidaka, Yoshimasa] RIKEN, Theoret Res Div, Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Tanizaki, Yuya] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hayata, T (reprint author), RIKEN, Ctr Emergent Matter Sci, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. EM hayata@riken.jp OI Hayata, Tomoya/0000-0002-0716-1216; Tanizaki, Yuya/0000-0003-1283-1808 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [25-6615]; Special Postdoctoral Researchers Program of RIKEN; JSPS KAKENHI [15H03652]; RIKEN interdisciplinary Theoretical Science (iTHES) project; Program for Leading Graduate Schools of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Japan FX T.H. thanks A. Yamamoto for stimulating discussions. Y.T. was supported by Grants-in-Aid for the fellowship of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (No. 25-6615) when he belonged to the University of Tokyo, and is supported by Special Postdoctoral Researchers Program of RIKEN. Y.H. is partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grants Numbers 15H03652. This work was partially supported by the RIKEN interdisciplinary Theoretical Science (iTHES) project, and by the Program for Leading Graduate Schools of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Japan. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD OCT PY 2016 VL 911 BP 94 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2016.07.031 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA DX7KL UT WOS:000384565800004 ER PT J AU Wang, MM Wang, SP Wu, LW Xu, DP Lin, QY Hu, YG Li, XZ Zhou, JZ Yang, YF AF Wang, Mengmeng Wang, Shiping Wu, Linwei Xu, Depeng Lin, Qiaoyan Hu, Yigang Li, Xiangzhen Zhou, Jizhong Yang, Yunfeng TI Evaluating the lingering effect of livestock grazing on functional potentials of microbial communities in Tibetan grassland soils SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Microbial functional potential; Tibetan grassland; Post-winter grazing; GeoChip ID ALPINE MEADOW; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; TRAMETES-VERSICOLOR; INNER-MONGOLIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NITROUS-OXIDE; NEW-ZEALAND; CARBON; DIVERSITY AB Livestock grazing is a widely practiced land-use regime that can impose lingering effects on global biogeochemical cycles. However, elucidating the mechanisms of related eco-processes, which are largely mediated by the microbial community, remains challenging. Here, we collected soil samples from two Tibetan grassland sites subjected to grazing in winter followed by a 3-month recovery. We then evaluated functional potentials of microbial communities via a metagenomic tool known as GeoChip 4.0. Significant alterations were detected in post-grazing grassland soils, and further analysis showed that plant diversity was the best indicator of alterations in functional potentials. Relative abundances of labile C degradation genes decreased at the 3400-m site, but those of recalcitrant C degradation genes increased, which could be explained by the higher soil recalcitrant C input owing to their being substantially more forbs species at this site. Nitrification genes decreased at both sites, probably owing to increased soil moisture conducive to oxygen-limiting conditions. Relative abundance of denitrification genes increased at the 3200-m site, concomitant with increased N2O emissions. These results demonstrated that functional gene compositions of the microbial community were altered in post-grazing grassland soils, and linked to soil biogeochemical processes. C1 [Wang, Mengmeng; Wu, Linwei; Xu, Depeng; Zhou, Jizhong; Yang, Yunfeng] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shiping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res, Key Lab Alpine Ecol & Biodivers, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shiping] CAS Ctr Excellence Tibetan Plateau Earth Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Xu, Depeng; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Xu, Depeng; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Lin, Qiaoyan; Hu, Yigang] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Plateau Biol, Key Lab Adapt & Evolut Plateau Biota, Xining 810008, Peoples R China. [Hu, Yigang] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg & Environm Engn Res Inst, Shapotou Desert Expt & Res Stn, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Li, Xiangzhen] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong; Yang, Yunfeng] Tsinghua Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Reg Environm Qual, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Yang, YF (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.; Yang, YF (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Reg Environm Qual, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM yangyf@tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB956601]; Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment [2013ZX07315-001-03]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB15010102]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2012AA061401]; National Science Foundation of China [41471202, 41171201, 41230750, 41430856]; National Basic Research Program [2013CB956000]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0004601]; US National Science Foundation [EF-1065844] FX The authors wish to thank Haibei Research Station staff for sampling and Hao Yu for GeoChip assistance. This research was supported by grants to Yunfeng Yang from the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB956601), Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2013ZX07315-001-03), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB15010102), National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA061401) and National Science Foundation of China (41471202 & 41171201), to Shiping Wang from the National Basic Research Program (2013CB956000) and National Science Foundation of China (41230750), and to Jizhong Zhou from the National Science Foundation of China (41430856). The development of GeoChip and associated pipelines used in this study was supported by the US Department of Energy (DE-SC0004601) and the US National Science Foundation (EF-1065844) to Jizhong Zhou. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 35 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD OCT PY 2016 VL 407 IS 1-2 BP 385 EP 399 DI 10.1007/s11104-016-2897-y PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DY6GT UT WOS:000385205100028 ER PT J AU Sun, XM Xu, HC Zheng, LG He, MC Gong, WL AF Sun, XiaoMing Xu, HuiChen Zheng, LianGe He, ManChao Gong, WeiLi TI An experimental investigation on acoustic emission characteristics of sandstone rockburst with different moisture contents SO SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE sandstone; rockburst; moisture contents; acoustic emission; mechanical characteristics ID II HYDROPOWER STATION; UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION; BURIED TUNNELS; ROCK; PROPAGATION; GRANITE; COALESCENCE; BEHAVIOR; FAILURE; CRACK AB Rockburst occurred frequently during deep mining in China. The mechanism of rockburst is very complicated and related to many factors. In order to investigate the influence of moisture contents of rockmass on rockburst, we conducted a series of laboratory rockburst experiments of sandstone under three different moisture contents by the Modified True-Triaxial Apparatus (MTTA), in which the acoustic emission (AE) system was employed to monitor the internal damage of rock mass. A high-speed video camera was utilized to record the detail of rockburst. Based on the experimental results, the AE characteristics, such as AE count, AE energy, and AE frequency, were analyzed. The rockburst process, type, and indensity under different moisture contents were discussed. The research results show that with the increase of moisture contents, rock strength was soften, the elastic and the cumulative damage of the rock were reduced, resulting in a gradual decrease in AE cumulative counts and cumulative energy over the course of rockburst. This study provides an experimental basis and reference for better understanding to the rockburst mechanism and control. C1 [Sun, XiaoMing; Xu, HuiChen; He, ManChao; Gong, WeiLi] China Univ Min & Technol, State Key Lab Geomech & Deep Underground Engn, Beijing 10083, Peoples R China. [Xu, HuiChen] China Univ Min & Technol, Sch Mech & Civil Engn, Beijing 10083, Peoples R China. [Zheng, LianGe] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Geosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sun, XM (reprint author), China Univ Min & Technol, State Key Lab Geomech & Deep Underground Engn, Beijing 10083, Peoples R China. EM sxmcumtb@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51374214, 51134005, 51574248]; Special Fund of Basic Research and Operating of China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing [2009QL03]; State Scholarship Fund of China FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51374214, 51134005 & 51574248), the Special Fund of Basic Research and Operating of China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing (Grant No. 2009QL03), and the State Scholarship Fund of China. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 32 U2 32 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-7321 EI 1869-1900 J9 SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC JI Sci. China-Technol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 59 IS 10 BP 1549 EP 1558 DI 10.1007/s11431-016-0181-8 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DY4HY UT WOS:000385060800009 ER PT J AU Crawford, BA Andrews, KM AF Crawford, B. A. Andrews, K. M. TI Drivers' attitudes toward wildlife-vehicle collisions with reptiles and other taxa SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE wildlife-vehicle collisions; intentional killing; mortality; persecution; roads; attitudes to wildlife ID ROAD MORTALITY; SNAKES; MANAGEMENT; TURTLES; DEER; CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS; PERCEPTIONS; ORGANISMS; ACCIDENTS AB Wildlife-vehicle collisions threaten most wildlife taxa as road and traffic densities increase across landscapes. While the biophysical effects of roads on wildlife are well-studied, research on psychosocial factors that influence wildlife-vehicle collisions remains sparse. Road characteristics and species behavior are often used to estimate the frequency of collisions, but drivers' attitudes and intentions toward striking animals may put persecuted species at an elevated risk. To inform management and education of road impacts to wildlife, especially reptiles, we surveyed patrons of Jekyll Island (JI), Georgia, USA: to (1) measure their degree of concern for broad impacts of wildlife-vehicle collisions; (2) gauge their degree of disfavor with hitting animals of different taxa with a vehicle; (3) understand specific predictors influencing attitudes toward hitting deer, turtles and snakes. Respondents were more concerned with personal safety and impacts to wildlife than damage to vehicles. They were most upset with collisions involving large mammals (bears and deer), domesticated animals (dogs and cats) and turtles, and they were least upset with hitting snakes. Respondents that showed concern for wildlife and had visited JI nature centers were more likely to be upset with hitting each taxa. Our results support previous psychosocial findings regarding negative attitudes toward snakes but additionally demonstrate that these attitudes can remain alongside positive attitudes toward other taxa, such as mammals and turtles. These findings can inform our ability to predict the frequency of wildlife-vehicle collisions and tailor conservation messages toward taxa when negative attitudes exist. C1 [Crawford, B. A.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Andrews, K. M.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. [Andrews, K. M.] Jekyll Isl Author, Georgia Sea Turtle Ctr, Jekyll Isl, GA USA. RP Crawford, BA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bcrawfor@uga.edu FU Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; AGL Resources Foundation through the Jekyll Island Foundation; University of Georgia Institutional Review Board [2012-10815-1] FX Funding to support this research was provided by the Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, and AGL Resources Foundation through the Jekyll Island Foundation through an assistantship to B.A.C. We thank N. Poudyal and L. Larson for help in survey construction. We thank associates of the Jekyll Island State Park Authority and Jekyll Island Citizens Association for their continued collaborations. All methods were conducted with the approval of the University of Georgia Institutional Review Board (Project #: 2012-10815-1). NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 19 IS 5 BP 444 EP 450 DI 10.1111/acv.12261 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DY1CF UT WOS:000384831800006 ER PT J AU Rauscher, SA O'Brien, TA Piani, C Coppola, E Giorgi, F Collins, WD Lawston, PM AF Rauscher, Sara A. O'Brien, Travis A. Piani, Claudio Coppola, Erika Giorgi, Filippo Collins, William D. Lawston, Patricia M. TI A multimodel intercomparison of resolution effects on precipitation: simulations and theory SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Regional climate modeling; Precipitation; Model resolution ID REGIONAL-CLIMATE MODEL; AQUAPLANET SIMULATIONS; SEASONAL PRECIPITATION; SOUTH-AMERICA; BIAS; SENSITIVITY; EXTREMES; SCHEME; PARAMETERIZATION; TEMPERATURE AB An ensemble of six pairs of RCM experiments performed at 25 and 50 km for the period 1961-2000 over a large European domain is examined in order to evaluate the effects of resolution on the simulation of daily precipitation statistics. Application of the non-parametric two-sample Kolmorgorov-Smirnov test, which tests for differences in the location and shape of the probability distributions of two samples, shows that the distribution of daily precipitation differs between the pairs of simulations over most land areas in both summer and winter, with the strongest signal over southern Europe. Two-dimensional histograms reveal that precipitation intensity increases with resolution over almost the entire domain in both winter and summer. In addition, the 25 km simulations have more dry days than the 50 km simulations. The increase in dry days with resolution is indicative of an improvement in model performance at higher resolution, while the more intense precipitation exceeds observed values. The systematic increase in precipitation extremes with resolution across all models suggests that this response is fundamental to model formulation. Simple theoretical arguments suggest that fluid continuity, combined with the emergent scaling properties of the horizontal wind field, results in an increase in resolved vertical transport as grid spacing decreases. This increase in resolution-dependent vertical mass flux then drives an intensification of convergence and resolvable-scale precipitation as grid spacing decreases. This theoretical result could help explain the increasingly, and often anomalously, large stratiform contribution to total rainfall observed with increasing resolution in many regional and global models. C1 [Rauscher, Sara A.; Lawston, Patricia M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [O'Brien, Travis A.; Collins, William D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Piani, Claudio] Amer Univ Paris, Dept Comp Sci Math & Environm Sci, Paris, France. [Coppola, Erika; Giorgi, Filippo] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Earth Syst Phys Sect, Trieste, Italy. [Collins, William D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Earth & Planetary Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rauscher, SA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM rauscher@udel.edu RI O'Brien, Travis/M-5250-2013; Collins, William/J-3147-2014 OI O'Brien, Travis/0000-0002-6643-1175; Collins, William/0000-0002-4463-9848 FU European Commission's 6th Framework Programme [GOCE-CT-2003-505539]; European Union FP6 project WATCH [036946]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program (RGCM) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments which greatly helped to improve the content, quality, and presentation of this manuscript. We acknowledge the ENSEMBLES project, funded by the European Commission's 6th Framework Programme through Contract GOCE-CT-2003-505539. We acknowledge the climate dataset from the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES (http://www.ensembles-eu.org) and the data providers in the ECA and D project (http://eca.knmi.nl). This study was partly funded by the European Union FP6 project WATCH (Contract No. 036946). This research was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program (RGCM) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank all of the participating modeling groups for providing the data. We thank Malcolm Haylock and Albert Klein Tank for answering questions about the ENSEMBLES observations, and Ole Bolling Christensen for data processing help. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-7575 EI 1432-0894 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 47 IS 7-8 BP 2205 EP 2218 DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2959-5 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX7EN UT WOS:000384549500012 ER PT J AU Kosnicki, E Sefick, SA Paller, MH Jerrell, MS Prusha, BA Sterrett, SC Tuberville, TD Feminella, JW AF Kosnicki, Ely Sefick, Stephen A. Paller, Michael H. Jerrell, Miller S. Prusha, Blair A. Sterrett, Sean C. Tuberville, Tracey D. Feminella, Jack W. TI A Stream Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index (MMI) for the Sand Hills Ecoregion of the Southeastern Plains, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Multimetric index; Sand Hills ecoregion; Lotic ecosystems; Biological integrity; Macroinvertebrates; Biotic assessment ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; BIOLOGICAL CONDITION; FISH COMMUNITIES; BLACKWATER RIVER; WATER-QUALITY; BIOASSESSMENT; FRAMEWORK; HABITAT AB A macroinvertebrate multimetric index is an effective tool for assessing the biological integrity of streams. However, data collected under a single protocol may not be available for an entire region. We sampled macroinvertebrates from the full extent of the Sand Hills ecoregion Level IV of the Southeastern Plains with a standard protocol during the summers of 2010-2012. We evaluated the performance of 94 metrics through a series of screening criteria and built 48 macroinvertebrate multimetric indexs with combinations of the best performing metrics, representing richness, habit, functional feeding guild, sensitivity, and community composition. A series of narrative-response tests for each macroinvertebrate multimetric index was used to find the best performing macroinvertebrate multimetric index which we called the Sand Hills macroinvertebrate multimetric index. The Sand Hills macroinvertebrate multimetric index consisted of the measures Biotic Index, % Shredder taxa, Clinger taxa(2)/total taxa, Plecoptera and Trichoptera richness, and Tanytarsini taxa(2)/Chironomidae taxa. Comparison of the Sand Hills macroinvertebrate multimetric index with existing assessment tools calculated with our data indicated that the Sand Hills macroinvertebrate multimetric index performs at a high level with regard to identifying degraded sites and in its response to stress gradients. C1 [Kosnicki, Ely; Sefick, Stephen A.; Jerrell, Miller S.; Feminella, Jack W.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Paller, Michael H.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. [Prusha, Blair A.] Midwest Biodivers Inst, 5530 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. [Sterrett, Sean C.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Tuberville, Tracey D.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Kosnicki, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatjohnston@gmail.com FU Strategic Research and Development Program Project [RC-1694]; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX We thank Hugh Westbury (Fort Benning, Natural Resources Branch), Chuck Bryan (Fort Bragg, Endangered Species Branch), Michael Juhan (Fort Gordon, Natural Resources Branch), Harvey Belser (Manchester State Forest), Michele Brossett (Georgia Department of Natural Resources), Michael Walters (North Carolina Biological Assessment Unit), George Williams (Osage of Virginia, Inc.), Nancy Jordan (Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge), Brian Davis (Sand Hills State Forest), Michele Elmore and Geoff Sorrell (The Nature Conservancy), and special thanks to Brady Beck (Sandhills Gamelands). We also thank Brian Helms at the Auburn Natural History museum and Andrew Grosse and Bess Harris at Savannah River Ecology Lab with GIS analysis. This project was funded by the Strategic Research and Development Program Project RC-1694. Support was provided in part by Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 from Department of Energy to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 IS 4 BP 741 EP 751 DI 10.1007/s00267-016-0740-0 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DX5KW UT WOS:000384420900013 PM 27581726 ER PT J AU Linley, T Krogstad, E Mueller, R Gill, G Lasorsa, B AF Linley, Timothy Krogstad, Eirik Mueller, Robert Gill, Gary Lasorsa, Brenda TI Mercury concentrations in Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) and sediments in the Columbia River basin SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Pacific lamprey; Recruitment ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; METHYL-MERCURY; FISH; METHYLMERCURY; TOXICITY; LAKES; ACCUMULATION; CONTAMINANTS; DYNAMICS; HEALTH AB The accumulation of mercury was investigated in Pacific lamprey and stream sediments in the Columbia River basin. Mercury concentrations in larval lamprey differed significantly among sample locations (p<0.001) and were correlated with concentrations in sediments (r(2)=0.83). Adult concentrations were highly variable (range, 0.1-9.5g/g) and unrelated to holding time after collection. The results suggest that Pacific lamprey in the Columbia River basin may be exposed to mercury levels that have adverse ecological effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2571-2576. (c) 2016 SETAC C1 [Linley, Timothy; Krogstad, Eirik; Mueller, Robert] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Gill, Gary; Lasorsa, Brenda] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA USA. RP Linley, T (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM Timothy.Linley@pnnl.gov FU Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission FX Funding for the present study was provided by the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. We thank R. Lampman and the Yakama Nation Fisheries Program biologists for collecting the samples of Pacific lamprey and sediments and M. Nims and J. Janak from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory who helped prepare and analyze the samples. The manuscript was also improved by the constructive comments of 4 anonymous reviewers. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 35 IS 10 BP 2571 EP 2576 DI 10.1002/etc.3423 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DY0UD UT WOS:000384810800024 PM 26960187 ER PT J AU Adam, EA Yoder, JS Gould, LH Hlavsa, MC Gargano, JW AF Adam, E. A. Yoder, J. S. Gould, L. H. Hlavsa, M. C. Gargano, J. W. TI Giardiasis outbreaks in the United States, 1971-2011 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Community outbreaks; foodborne infections; Giardia lamblia; waterborne infections; zoonoses ID DAY-CARE-CENTERS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; DRINKING-WATER; BATHER DENSITY; FRESH PRODUCE; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; PATHOGENS; LAMBLIA AB Giardia intestinalis is the leading parasitic aetiology of human enteric infections in the United States, with an estimated 1.2 million cases occurring annually. To better understand transmission, we analysed data on all giardiasis outbreaks reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for 1971-2011. The 242 outbreaks, affecting similar to 41 000 persons, resulted from waterborne (74.8%), foodborne (15.7%), person-to-person (2.5%), and animal contact (1.2%) transmission. Most (74.6%) waterborne outbreaks were associated with drinking water, followed by recreational water (18.2%). Problems with water treatment, untreated groundwater, and distribution systems were identified most often during drinking water-associated outbreak investigations; problems with water treatment declined after the 1980s. Most recreational water-associated outbreaks were linked to treated swimming venues, with pools and wading pools implicated most often. Produce was implicated most often in foodborne outbreaks. Additionally, foods were most commonly prepared in a restaurant and contaminated by a food handler. Lessons learned from examining patterns in outbreaks over time can help prevent future disease. Groundwater and distribution system vulnerabilities, inadequate pool disinfection, fruit and vegetable contamination, and poor food handler hygiene are promising targets for giardiasis prevention measures. C1 [Adam, E. A.; Yoder, J. S.; Gould, L. H.; Hlavsa, M. C.; Gargano, J. W.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adam, E. A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Adam, EA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. EM wsi7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the work of local, state, and territorial health departments in investigating and reporting outbreaks and thank Virginia Roberts for assistance with extracting and interpreting outbreak data, and Sarah Collier for assistance with analyses. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through and interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 24 U2 24 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 144 IS 13 BP 2790 EP 2801 DI 10.1017/S0950268815003040 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DX5RG UT WOS:000384438800012 PM 26750152 ER PT J AU Gothe, RW Mokeev, V Santopinto, E AF Gothe, Ralf W. Mokeev, Viktor Santopinto, Elena TI Nucleon Resonances: From Photoproduction to High Photon Virtualities SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article C1 [Gothe, Ralf W.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, 712 Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Mokeev, Viktor] Jefferson Lab, 1200 Jefferson Ave Suite 5, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Santopinto, Elena] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. RP Santopinto, E (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. EM gothe@sc.edu; mokeev@jlab.org; Elena.Santopinto@ge.infn.it NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 869 EP 871 DI 10.1007/s00601-016-1152-7 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY1VP UT WOS:000384882800001 ER PT J AU Burkert, VD AF Burkert, Volker D. TI Nucleon Resonance Physics SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID BARYONS; ELECTROPRODUCTION; MESONS; MODEL AB Recent results of meson photo-production at the existing electron machines with polarized real photon beams and the measurement of polarization observables of the final state baryons have provided high precision data that led to the discovery of new excited nucleon and states using multi-channel partial wave analyses procedures. The internal structure of several prominent excited states has been revealed employing meson electroproduction processes. On the theoretical front, lattice QCD is now predicting the baryon spectrum with very similar characteristics as the constituent quark model, and continuum QCD, such as is represented in the Dyson-Schwinger equations approach and in light front relativistic quark models, describes the non-perturbative behavior of resonance excitations at photon virtuality of . In this talk I discuss the need to continue a vigorous program of nucleon spectroscopy and the study of the internal structure of excited states as a way to reveal the effective degrees of freedom underlying the excited states and their dependence on the distance scale probed. C1 [Burkert, Volker D.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Burkert, VD (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM burkert@jlab.org FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX I like to thank Inna Aznauryan and Viktor Mokeev for numerous discussions on the subjects discussed in this presentation. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 873 EP 882 DI 10.1007/s00601-016-1121-1 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY1VP UT WOS:000384882800002 ER PT J AU Lee, TSH Wu, JJ Kamano, H AF Lee, T. -S. H. Wu, Jia-jun Kamano, Hiroyuki TI From Extraction of Nucleon Resonances to LQCD SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID PI-N; SCATTERING; MODEL AB The intrinsic difficulties in extracting the hadron resonances from reaction data are illustrated by using several exactly soluble scattering models. The finite-volume Hamiltonian method is applied to predict spectra using two meson-exchange Hamiltonians of reactions. Within a three-channel model with , and channels, we show the advantage of the finite-volume Hamiltonian method over the approach using the Luscher formula to test Lattice QCD calculations aimed at predicting nucleon resonances. We discuss the necessary steps for using the ANL-Osaka eight-channel Hamiltonian to predict the spectra for testing the LQCD calculations for determining the excited nucleon states up to invariant mass GeV. C1 [Lee, T. -S. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wu, Jia-jun] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Special Res Ctr Subat Struct Matter CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Kamano, Hiroyuki] Osaka Univ, Nucl Phys Res Ctr, Osaka 5670047, Japan. RP Lee, TSH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lee@phy.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and resources provided on Blues and/or Fusion, high-performance computing cluster operated by the Laboratory Computing Resource Center at Argonne National Laboratory. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 883 EP 891 DI 10.1007/s00601-016-1123-z PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY1VP UT WOS:000384882800003 ER PT J AU Briceno, RA AF Briceno, Raul A. TI Meson Electro-/Photo-Production from QCD SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID FINITE-VOLUME; STATES; MATRIX; WIDTH AB I present the calculation of the transition amplitude from quantum chromodynamics performed by the Hadron Spectrum Collaboration. The amplitude is determined for a range of values of the photon virtuality and the final state energy. One observes a clear dynamical enhancement due to the presence of the resonance. By fitting the transition amplitude and analytically continuing it onto the -pole, the form factor is obtained. This exploratory calculation, performed using lattice quantum chromodynamics, constitutes the very first determination of an electroweak decay of a hadronic resonance directly from the fundamental theory of quarks and gluons. In this talk, I highlight some of the necessary steps that made this calculation possible, placing emphasis on recently developed formalism. Finally, I discuss the status and outlook of the field for the study of transitions. C1 [Briceno, Raul A.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Briceno, Raul A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Briceno, RA (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rbriceno@jlab.org NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 893 EP 900 DI 10.1007/s00601-016-1124-y PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY1VP UT WOS:000384882800004 ER PT J AU Mokeev, VI AF Mokeev, V. I. TI Updates on the Studies of Structure with CLAS and the Prospects with CLAS12 SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB The recent results on electrocouplings from analyses of the data on exclusive meson electroproduction off protons measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab are presented. The impact of these results on the exploration of the excited nucleon state structure and non-perturbative strong interaction dynamics behind its formation is outlined. The future extension of these studies in the experiments with the CLAS12 detector in the upgraded Hall-B at JLab will provide for the first time electrocouplings of all prominent resonances at the still unexplored distance scales that correspond to extremely low (0.05 GeV 0.5 GeV) and the highest photon virtualities (5.0 GeV 12.0 GeV) ever achieved in the exclusive electroproduction measurements. The expected results will address the most important open problems of the Standard Model: on the nature of more than 98 % of hadron mass, quark-gluon confinement and emergence of the excited nucleon state structure from the QCD Lagrangian, as well as allowing a search for the new states of hadron matter predicted from the first principles of QCD, the so-called hybrid baryons. C1 [Mokeev, V. I.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Mokeev, VI (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM mokeev@jlab.org FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 909 EP 916 DI 10.1007/s00601-016-1127-8 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY1VP UT WOS:000384882800006 ER PT J AU Carman, DS AF Carman, Daniel S. CA CLAS Collaboration TI Nucleon Resonance Structure Studies via Exclusive KY Electroproduction SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-MODEL; BARYONS AB Studying the structure of excited nucleon states employing the electroproduction of exclusive reactions is an important avenue for exploring the nature of the non-perturbative strong interaction. The electrocouplings of states in the mass range below 1.8 GeV have been determined from analyses of CLAS , , and data. This work has made it clear that consistent results from independent analyses of several exclusive channels with different couplings and non-resonant backgrounds but the same electro-excitation amplitudes, is essential to have confidence in the extracted results. In terms of hadronic coupling, many high-lying states preferentially decay through the channel instead of . Data from the KY channels will therefore be critical to provide an independent analysis to compare the extracted electrocouplings for the high-lying states against those determined from the and channels. A program to study excited state structure in both non-strange and strange exclusive electroproduction channels using CLAS12 will measure differential cross sections and polarization observables to be used as input to extract the electrocoupling amplitudes for the most prominent states in the range of invariant energy W up 3 GeV in the virtually unexplored domain of momentum transfers up to 12 GeV. C1 [Carman, Daniel S.] Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Carman, DS (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Ave, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM carman@jlab.org FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. The author is grateful for many lengthy and fruitful discussions on this topic with Victor Mokeev and Ralf Gothe. The author also thanks the organizers of the ECT* 2015 Workshop Nucleon Resonances: From Photoproduction to High Photon Virtualities for the opportunity to present this work and participate in this workshop. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 57 IS 10 BP 941 EP 948 DI 10.1007/s00601-016-1131-z PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DY1VP UT WOS:000384882800010 ER PT J AU Adebali, O Reznik, AO Ory, DS Zhulin, IB AF Adebali, Ogun Reznik, Alexander O. Ory, Daniel S. Zhulin, Igor B. TI Establishing the precise evolutionary history of a gene improves prediction of disease-causing missense mutations SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE missense mutation prediction; Niemann-Pick; NPC1; NPC1L1; orthologs and paralogs in disease ID NIEMANN-PICK-DISEASE; AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTIONS; PROTEIN FUNCTION; NPC1; C1; VISUALIZATION; CHOLESTEROL; DIAGNOSIS; DATABASE; FILIPIN AB Purpose: Predicting the phenotypic effects of mutations has become an important application in clinical genetic diagnostics. Computational tools evaluate the behavior of the variant over evolutionary time and assume that variations seen during the course of evolution are probably benign in humans. However, current tools do not take into account orthologous/paralogous relationships. Paralogs have dramatically different roles in Mendelian diseases. For example, whereas inactivating mutations in the NPC1 gene cause the neuro-degenerative disorder Niemann-Pick C, inactivating mutations in its paralog NPC1L1 are not disease-causing and, moreover, are implicated in protection from coronary heart disease. Methods: We identified major events in NPC1 evolution and revealed and compared orthologs and paralogs of the human NPC1 gene through phylogenetic and protein sequence analyses. We predicted whether an amino acid substitution affects protein function by reducing the organism's fitness. Results: Removing the paralogs and distant homologs improved the overall performance of categorizing disease-causing and benign amino acid substitutions. Conclusion: The results show that a thorough evolutionary analysis followed by identification of orthologs improves the accuracy in predicting disease-causing missense mutations. We anticipate that this approach will be used as a reference in the interpretation of variants in other genetic diseases as well. C1 [Adebali, Ogun; Zhulin, Igor B.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Adebali, Ogun; Zhulin, Igor B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Adebali, Ogun; Reznik, Alexander O.; Zhulin, Igor B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ory, Daniel S.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Diabet Cardiovasc Dis Ctr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Reznik, Alexander O.] Pavlov First St Petersburg State Med Univ, Ctr Bioinformat, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Zhulin, IB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Zhulin, IB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Zhulin, IB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ijouline@utk.edu OI Adebali, Ogun/0000-0001-9213-4070 FU National Institutes of Health [GM072295] FX This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant GM072295 (to I.B.Z.). NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 EI 1530-0366 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 18 IS 10 BP 1029 EP 1036 DI 10.1038/gim.2015.208 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DX8CN UT WOS:000384615800004 PM 26890452 ER PT J AU Wang, Q Martinez-Anido, CB Wu, HY Florita, AR Hodge, BM AF Wang, Qin Martinez-Anido, Carlo Brancucci Wu, Hongyu Florita, Anthony R. Hodge, Bri-Mathias TI Quantifying the Economic and Grid Reliability Impacts of Improved Wind Power Forecasting SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Area control error (ACE); economic dispatch; economic impacts; market operations; reliability; unit commitment; wind forecasting ID ELECTRICITY MARKET; UNIT COMMITMENT; ENERGY; INTEGRATION; GENERATION; DISPATCH; STORAGE; ERRORS; SYSTEM AB Wind power forecasting is an important tool in power system operations to address variability and uncertainty. Accurately doing so is important to reduce the occurrence and length of curtailment, enhancing market efficiency, and improving the operational reliability of the bulk power system. This research quantifies the value of wind power forecasting improvements in the IEEE 118-bus test system as modified to emulate the generation mixes of Midcontinent, California, and New England independent system operator balancing authority areas. To measure the economic value, a commercially available production cost modeling tool was used to simulate the multitimescale unit commitment (UC) and economic dispatch process for calculating the cost savings and curtailment reductions. To measure the reliability improvements, an in-house tool, Flexible energy scheduling tool for integrating variable generation, was used to calculate the system's area control error and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation Control Performance Standard 2. The approach allowed scientific reproducibility of results and cross validation of the tools. A total of 270 scenarios were evaluated to accommodate the variation of three factors: generation mix, wind penetration level, and wind forecasting improvements. The modified IEEE 118-bus systems utilized 1 year of data at multiple time scales, including the day-ahead UC, 4-h-ahead UC, and real-time dispatch. The value of improved wind power forecasting was found to be strongly tied to the conventional generation mix, existence of energy storage devices, and the penetration level of wind energy. The simulation results demonstrate that wind power forecasting brings clear benefits to power system operations. C1 [Wang, Qin; Martinez-Anido, Carlo Brancucci; Wu, Hongyu; Florita, Anthony R.; Hodge, Bri-Mathias] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, Q; Martinez-Anido, CB; Wu, HY; Florita, AR; Hodge, BM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM qin.wang@nrel.gov; Carlo.BrancucciMartinez-Anido@nrel.gov; hongyu.wu@nrel.gov; Anthony.Florita@nrel.gov; bri-mathias.hodge@nrel.gov OI Wu, Hongyu/0000-0002-5223-6635 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Paper no. TSTE-00819-2015. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3029 J9 IEEE T SUSTAIN ENERG JI IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 7 IS 4 BP 1525 EP 1537 DI 10.1109/TSTE.2016.2560628 PG 13 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DX8LT UT WOS:000384640900018 ER PT J AU Singh, S Jain, PK Rizwan-uddin AF Singh, Suneet Jain, Prashant K. Rizwan-uddin TI Analytical Solution for Three-Dimensional, Unsteady Heat Conduction in a Multilayer Sphere SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE transient; multilayer; spherical; analytical; conduction ID DIMENSIONAL COMPOSITE SLAB; BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS; TRANSIENT CONDUCTION; TEMPERATURE MODES; DIFFUSION; EQUATION; MEDIA; REGIONS; BODIES; LAYERS AB An analytical solution has been obtained for the transient problem of three-dimensional multilayer heat conduction in a sphere with layers in the radial direction. The solution procedure can be applied to a hollow sphere or a solid sphere composed of several layers of various materials. In general, the separation of variables applied to 3D spherical coordinates has unique characteristics due to the presence of associated Legendre functions as the eigenfunctions. Moreover, an eigenvalue problem in the azimuthal direction also requires solution; again, its properties are unique owing to periodicity in the azimuthal direction. Therefore, extending existing solutions in 2D spherical coordinates to 3D spherical coordinates is not straightforward. In a spherical coordinate system, one can solve a 3D transient multilayer heat conduction problem without the presence of imaginary eigenvalues. A 2D cylindrical polar coordinate system is the only other case in which such multidimensional problems can be solved without the use of imaginary eigenvalues. The absence of imaginary eigenvalues renders the solution methodology significantly more useful for practical applications. The methodology described can be used for all the three types of boundary conditions in the outer and inner surfaces of the sphere. The solution procedure is demonstrated on an illustrative problem for which results are obtained. C1 [Singh, Suneet] Indian Inst Technol IIT Bombay, Dept Energy Sci & Engn, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Jain, Prashant K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Rizwan-uddin] Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Talbot Lab 216, 104 S Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Singh, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol IIT Bombay, Dept Energy Sci & Engn, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. EM suneet.singh@iitb.ac.in FU Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) FX The first author would like to thank Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) for Bhaskara Advanced Solar Energy (BASE) fellowship provided for visiting Oak Ridge National Lab. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 EI 1528-8943 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 AR 101301 DI 10.1115/1.4033536 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA DX6YO UT WOS:000384532200001 ER PT J AU Piepel, GF AF Piepel, Greg F. TI John A. Cornell (1941-2016) In Memoriam SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Piepel, Greg F.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Piepel, GF (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 48 IS 4 BP 301 EP 302 PG 2 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DX9GV UT WOS:000384702500001 ER PT J AU Lu, L Li, MY Anderson-Cook, CM AF Lu, Lu Li, Mingyang Anderson-Cook, Christine M. TI Multiple Objective Optimization in Reliability Demonstration Tests SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bayesian Analysis; Consumer's Risk; Decision Making; Pareto Front; Producer's Risk; Trade-Offs ID PARETO-OPTIMIZATION AB Reliability demonstration tests are usually performed in product design or validation processes to demonstrate whether a product meets specified requirements on reliability. For binomial demonstration tests, the zero-failure test has been most commonly used due to its simplicity and use of minimum sample size to achieve an acceptable consumer's risk level. However, this test can often result in unacceptably high risk for producers as well as a low probability of passing the test even when the product has good reliability. This paper explicitly explores the interrelationship between multiple objectives that are commonly of interest when planning a demonstration test and proposes structured decision-making procedures using a Pareto front approach for selecting an optimal test plan based on simultaneously balancing multiple criteria. Different strategies are suggested for scenarios with different user priorities and graphical tools are developed to help quantify the trade-offs between choices and to facilitate informed decision making. Potential impacts of some subjective user inputs on the final decision are studied to offer insights and useful guidance for general applications. C1 [Lu, Lu] Univ S Florida, Dept Math & Stat, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Li, Mingyang] Univ S Florida, Dept Ind & Management Syst Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Anderson-Cook, Christine M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lu, L (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Math & Stat, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM lulul@usf.edu; mingyangli@usf.edu; candcook@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA 600 N PLANKINTON AVE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53203 USA SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 48 IS 4 BP 326 EP 342 PG 17 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA DX9GV UT WOS:000384702500003 ER PT J AU Solaiman, DKY Ashby, RD Birbir, M Caglayan, P AF Solaiman, D. K. Y. Ashby, R. D. Birbir, M. Caglayan, P. TI Antibacterial Activity of Sophorolipids Produced by Candida bombicola on Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria Isolated from Salted Hides SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HARDENED BOVINE MANURE; TORULOPSIS-APICOLA; LEATHER; FORMULATIONS; LIPIDS AB Salted hides and soaked hides treated with certain antibacterial agents, may still contain different proteolytic and lipolytic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that affect the quality of leather adversely. The prevalence of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial agents in the leather industry has drawn attention of scientists to search new and effective antimicrobial agents. Examination of antimicrobial glycolipids such as sophorolipids for their effectiveness against proteolytic and lipolytic hide degrading microorganisms, may offer important information. Hence, we describe a research that evaluates the susceptibility of various hide-degrading bacteria to sophorolipids. These extracellular glycolipids were produced by fermentation using Candida bombicola ATCC 22214. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid were used respectively to produce SL-p, SL-s, and SL-o. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SL-p, SL-s, and SL-o against Gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria (Bacillus licheniformis, B. pumilus and B. mycoides), Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecium, Aerococcus viridans, Staphylococcus xylosus, S. cohnii and S. equorum), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas luteola, Enterobacter cloacae, E. sakazakii and Vibrio fluvialis), and mixed culture of these isolates were examined using an agar dilution method. The MICs of both SL-p and SL-o against the test bacteria were determined as 19.5 mu g/mL, with an exception that E. cloacae was inhibited by SL-o at a MIC of 9.76 mu g/mL. Although MICs of SL-p did not change against the test bacteria, the MICs of SL-s (ranging from 4.88 mu g/mL to 19.5 mu g/mL) changed according to species of the test bacteria. The lowest MICs of SL-s were found to be 4.88 mu g/mL against B. licheniformis, B. pumilus, P. luteola, S. xylosus and B. mycoides. The MICs of SL-p, SL-s, and SL-o against the mixed bacterial culture were detected as the same (19.5 mu g/mL). In conclusion, SL-p, SL-s, and SL-o inhibited the growth of 12 different hide bacteria and their mixed culture, and have broad-spectrum activity. The results obtained in the present study may be valuable for the development of SL-p, SL-s, and SL-o as antimicrobial surfactants in the preservation and soaking processes of hides and skins. C1 [Solaiman, D. K. Y.; Ashby, R. D.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, US DOE, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Birbir, M.; Caglayan, P.] Marmara Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Div Plant Dis & Microbiol, TR-34722 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Birbir, M (reprint author), Marmara Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Div Plant Dis & Microbiol, TR-34722 Istanbul, Turkey. EM mbirbir@marmara.edu.tr NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 111 IS 10 BP 358 EP 364 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DX9HU UT WOS:000384705000001 ER PT J AU Finnell, J AF Finnell, Joshua TI Huck Out West SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Finnell, Joshua] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Finnell, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 141 IS 16 BP 69 EP 69 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA DX8JR UT WOS:000384634400109 ER PT J AU Pecharsky, VK AF Pecharsky, Vitalij K. TI Karl A. Gschneidner Jr (1930-2016) OBITUARY SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Pecharsky, Vitalij K.] Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pecharsky, Vitalij K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pecharsky, VK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Pecharsky, VK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vitkp@ameslab.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1059 EP 1059 DI 10.1038/nmat4751 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA DX8YE UT WOS:000384677100007 PM 27658451 ER PT J AU Zheng, XY Smith, W Jackson, J Moran, B Cui, HC Chen, D Ye, JC Fang, N Rodriguez, N Weisgraber, T Spadaccini, CM AF Zheng, Xiaoyu Smith, William Jackson, Julie Moran, Bryan Cui, Huachen Chen, Da Ye, Jianchao Fang, Nicholas Rodriguez, Nicholas Weisgraber, Todd Spadaccini, Christopher M. TI Multiscale metallic metamaterials SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRUCTURAL HIERARCHY; ALUMINUM FOAMS; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH; NANOLATTICES; FABRICATION; TOUGHNESS; LATTICES; BEHAVIOR AB Materials with three-dimensional micro-and nanoarchitectures exhibit many beneficial mechanical, energy conversion and optical properties. However, these three-dimensional microarchitectures are significantly limited by their scalability. Efforts have only been successful in demonstrating overall structure sizes of hundreds of micrometres, or contain size-scale gaps of several orders of magnitude. This results in degraded mechanical properties at the macroscale. Here we demonstrate hierarchical metamaterials with disparate three-dimensional features spanning seven orders of magnitude, from nanometres to centimetres. At the macroscale they achieve high tensile elasticity (>20%) not found in their brittle-like metallic constituents, and a near-constant specific strength. Creation of these materials is enabled by a high-resolution, large-area additive manufacturing technique with scalability not achievable by two-photon polymerization or traditional stereolithography. With overall part sizes approaching tens of centimetres, these unique nanostructured metamaterials might find use in a broad array of applications. C1 [Zheng, Xiaoyu; Cui, Huachen; Chen, Da] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Smith, William; Jackson, Julie; Moran, Bryan; Ye, Jianchao; Rodriguez, Nicholas; Weisgraber, Todd; Spadaccini, Christopher M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Fang, Nicholas] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Zheng, XY (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM raynexzheng@vt.edu RI Fang, Nicholas/A-5856-2008; OI Fang, Nicholas/0000-0001-5713-629X; Zheng, Xiaoyu/0000-0001-8685-5728 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE LDRD LabWide [15-LW-083]; Virginia Tech Startup support; SCHEN fund from State of Virginia; DARPA MCMA (Materials with Controlled Microstructural Architecture) FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Funding support from DOE LDRD LabWide 15-LW-083, Virginia Tech Startup support and SCHEN fund from the State of Virginia and DARPA MCMA (Materials with Controlled Microstructural Architecture, Program Manager J. Goldwasser) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors wish to acknowledge Y. Wang and M. Messner for useful input (LLNL-JRNL-677190). Large-area projection microstereolithography has been submitted and is pending a US patent. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 87 U2 88 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1100 EP + DI 10.1038/NMAT4694 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA DX8YE UT WOS:000384677100015 PM 27429209 ER PT J AU Rathore, DS Doohan, F Mullins, E AF Rathore, Dheeraj Singh Doohan, Fiona Mullins, Ewen TI Capability of the plant-associated bacterium, Ensifer adhaerens strain OV14, to genetically transform its original host Brassica napus SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Ensifer adhaerens OV14; EMT; Oilseed rape; Regeneration; Transformation ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; GENE-TRANSFER; OIL CONTENT; TUMEFACIENS; CANOLA; EXPRESSION; L.; CULTIVARS; DNA AB Land plants exist in intimate associations with complex microbial communities across the phyllosphere, endosphere, and rhizosphere, with the latter inhabited by microbes that establish relationships with their host extending from parasitism to mutualism. For example, the rhizospheric Agrobacterium tumefaciens is pathogenic across a broad host range while its related rhizobia Sinorhizobium meliloti is an important symbiont of plants. Of interest, both species have a recorded capacity to genetically transform plant species with variable success. In this regard they have been recently joined by the rhizospheric non-pathogenic bacterium Ensifer adhaerens OV14, which has demonstrated an ability to genetically transform both dicots (Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana tabaccum, and Solanum tuberosum) and monocot (Oryza sativa). The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of E. adhaerens strain OV14 to genetically transform Brassica napus, the host species from which it was isolated. By tailoring current A. tumefaciens-based protocols to suit the growth parameters of E. adhaerens strain OV14, here we report the successful transformation of the commercial B. napus cultivar Delight. The results indicated that co-cultivating 5 day old cotyledonary petiole explants with E. adhaerens strain OV14 (OD600nm = 0.8) for 5 days in the presence of 200 A mu M acetosyringone delivered transgenic plants of morphological equivalence to the original treated cv. Delight. A transformation frequency of 4.0 +/- 0.2 % was attained based on stable integration patterns recorded for T-1 individuals, which indicated transgene integrations of 1-3 copies/line. Segregation analysis based on the inheritance of the nptII transgene in the T-2 generation showed Mendelian and non-Mendelian segregation patterns for the designated kanamycin resistance phenotype. To conclude, this practical study highlights the expanding host range of Ensifer-mediated transformation by confirming the ability of the symbiont Ensifer adhaerens OV14 to genetically engineer its original host. C1 [Rathore, Dheeraj Singh; Mullins, Ewen] TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland. [Rathore, Dheeraj Singh; Doohan, Fiona] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Rathore, Dheeraj Singh; Doohan, Fiona] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Earth Inst, Dublin 4, Ireland. RP Mullins, E (reprint author), TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland. EM ewen.mullins@teagasc.ie OI Mullins, Ewen/0000-0003-3005-4264 FU Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Scheme FX This research was supported by Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Scheme which funded D. S. Rathore. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 EI 1573-5044 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 127 IS 1 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1007/s11240-016-1032-3 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA DW4AW UT WOS:000383585300008 ER PT J AU Bruggeman, PJ Kushner, MJ Locke, BR Gardeniers, JGE Graham, WG Graves, DB Hofman-Caris, RCHM Maric, D Reid, JP Ceriani, E Rivas, DF Foster, JE Garrick, SC Gorbanev, Y Hamaguchi, S Iza, F Jablonowski, H Klimova, E Kolb, J Krcma, F Lukes, P Machala, Z Marinov, I Mariotti, D Thagard, SM Minakata, D Neyts, EC Pawlat, J Petrovic, ZL Pflieger, R Reuter, S Schram, DC Schroter, S Shiraiwa, M Tarabova, B Tsai, PA Verlet, JRR von Woedtke, T Wilson, KR Yasui, K Zvereva, G AF Bruggeman, P. J. Kushner, M. J. Locke, B. R. Gardeniers, J. G. E. Graham, W. G. Graves, D. B. Hofman-Caris, R. C. H. M. Maric, D. Reid, J. P. Ceriani, E. Rivas, D. Fernandez Foster, J. E. Garrick, S. C. Gorbanev, Y. Hamaguchi, S. Iza, F. Jablonowski, H. Klimova, E. Kolb, J. Krcma, F. Lukes, P. Machala, Z. Marinov, I. Mariotti, D. Thagard, S. Mededovic Minakata, D. Neyts, E. C. Pawlat, J. Petrovic, Z. Lj Pflieger, R. Reuter, S. Schram, D. C. Schroter, S. Shiraiwa, M. Tarabova, B. Tsai, P. A. Verlet, J. R. R. von Woedtke, T. Wilson, K. R. Yasui, K. Zvereva, G. TI Plasma-liquid interactions: a review and roadmap SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE non-equilibrium plasma; plasma-liquid interaction; diagnostics; modeling; reaction rate data sets; multiphase chemistry; photolysis ID INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PLASMA; GLOW-DISCHARGE ELECTROLYSIS; LASER-INDUCED-FLUORESCENCE; REACTION-RATE CONSTANTS; ION-MOLECULE REACTIONS; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; ELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIELECTRIC-BARRIER DISCHARGES; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AB Plasma-liquid interactions represent a growing interdisciplinary area of research involving plasma science, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, photolysis, multiphase chemistry and aerosol science. This review provides an assessment of the state-of-the-art of this multidisciplinary area and identifies the key research challenges. The developments in diagnostics, modeling and further extensions of cross section and reaction rate databases that are necessary to address these challenges are discussed. The review focusses on non-equilibrium plasmas. C1 [Bruggeman, P. J.; Garrick, S. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Kushner, M. J.] Univ Michigan, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 1301 Beal Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Locke, B. R.] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, 2525 Pottsdamer St, Tallahassee, FL 32309 USA. [Gardeniers, J. G. E.; Rivas, D. Fernandez] Univ Twente, Mesoscale Chem Syst, MESA, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Graham, W. G.] Queens Univ Belfast, Math & Phys, Univ Rd, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Graves, D. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Chem & Biomol Engn, 201 Gilman, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hofman-Caris, R. C. H. M.] KWR Watercycle Res Inst, POB 1072, NL-3430 BB Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Maric, D.; Petrovic, Z. Lj] Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade 11080, Serbia. [Reid, J. P.] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. [Ceriani, E.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Sci Chim, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Foster, J. E.] Univ Michigan, Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gorbanev, Y.] Univ York, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Hamaguchi, S.] Osaka Univ, Ctr Atom & Mol Phys, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Iza, F.] Univ Loughborough, Sch Elect Elect & Syst Engn, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Jablonowski, H.; Kolb, J.; Reuter, S.; von Woedtke, T.] INP Greifswald, Leibniz Inst Plasma Sci & Technol, Felix Hausdorff Str 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany. [Klimova, E.; Krcma, F.] Brno Univ Technol, Fac Chem, Purkynova 118, Brno 61200, Czech Republic. [Lukes, P.] Inst Plasma Phys CAS, Vvi, Pulse Plasma Syst Dept, Slovankou 1782-3, Prague 18200 8, Czech Republic. [Machala, Z.; Tarabova, B.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia. [Marinov, I.] Ecole Polytech, Plasma Phys Lab, Ecole Polytech, Route Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Mariotti, D.] Univ Ulster, Nanotechnol & Integrated Bioengn Ctr NIB, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, North Ireland. [Thagard, S. Mededovic] Clarkson Univ, Dept Biomol & Chem Engn, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Minakata, D.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Neyts, E. C.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Chem, Res Grp PLASMANT, Univ Pl 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Pawlat, J.] Lublin Univ Technol, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 38A Nadbystrzycka Str, PL-20618 Lublin, Poland. [Petrovic, Z. Lj] Serbian Acad Arts & Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Pflieger, R.] CNRS CEA UM ENSCM, ICSM UMR 5257, Inst Chim Separat Marcoule, Ctr Marcoule, Batiment 426,BP 17171, F-30207 Bagnols Sur Ceze, France. [Schram, D. C.] Tech Univ Eindhoven, Dept Appl Phys, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Schroter, S.] Univ York, York Plasma Inst, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Shiraiwa, M.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Multiphase Chem Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Tsai, P. A.] Univ Alberta, Dept Mech Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G8, Canada. [Verlet, J. R. R.] Univ Durham, Dept Chem, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Wilson, K. R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yasui, K.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Moriyama Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4638560, Japan. [Zvereva, G.] State Univ Civil Aviat, 38 Pilotov Str, St Petersburg 196210, Russia. RP Bruggeman, PJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, 111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM pbruggem@umn.edu RI Reuter, Stephan/D-2890-2014; Shiraiwa, Manabu/A-6246-2010; Mariotti, Davide/B-6427-2008; Gardeniers, Johannes/B-6309-2013; Lukes, Petr/G-2712-2014; Locke, Bruce/E-9288-2010; Pawl‚at, Joanna/B-3998-2013; Neyts, Erik/H-4198-2012; OI Verlet, Jan/0000-0002-9480-432X; Reuter, Stephan/0000-0002-4858-1081; Shiraiwa, Manabu/0000-0003-2532-5373; Mariotti, Davide/0000-0003-1504-4383; Gardeniers, Johannes/0000-0003-0581-2668; Lukes, Petr/0000-0002-7330-0456; Locke, Bruce/0000-0003-2837-068X; Pawl‚at, Joanna/0000-0001-8224-0355; Neyts, Erik/0000-0002-3360-3196; Fernandez Rivas, David/0000-0003-4329-3248 FU Lorentz Center; COST action (Electrical Discharges with Liquids for Future Applications) [TD1208]; Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences; 'Center on Control of Plasma Kinetics' of the United States Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Science [DE-SC0001319]; National Science Foundation [PHY 1500135, CBET 1236225] FX This manuscript originated from discussions at the Lorentz Center Workshop 'Gas/Plasma-Liquid Interface: Transport, Chemistry and Fundamental Data' that took place at the Lorentz Center, Leiden University in the Netherlands from August 4, through August 8, 2014, and follow-up discussions since the workshop. All authors acknowledge the support of the Lorentz Center, the COST action TD1208 (Electrical Discharges with Liquids for Future Applications) and the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences for their financial support. PJB, MJK, DBG and JEF acknowledge the support of the 'Center on Control of Plasma Kinetics' of the United States Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Science (DE-SC0001319). In addition, PJB and BRL acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation (PHY 1500135 and CBET 1236225, respectively). In addition the enormous help of Mrs. Victoria Piorek (University of Minnesota) in the formatting of the final document including the references is gratefully acknowledged. NR 626 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 85 U2 85 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 EI 1361-6595 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 25 IS 5 AR 053002 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/25/5/053002 PG 59 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DX9KX UT WOS:000384715400001 ER PT J AU Tao, GY Patel, CG AF Tao, Guoyu Patel, Chirag G. TI State Variation in Enrollment Gap, Sexual Activity, and Chlamydia Testing Rate Among Young Medicaid Women SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED-DISEASES AB Objectives To assess state variations in eligibility criteria based on enrollment length and sexual activity on chlamydia testing rates among Medicaid female enrollees aged 15 to 25 years and potential impact of the representatives of testing rates. Methods We used 2010 Medicaid Analytic eXtract to estimate and compare the overall and state-level prevalence of gaps in coverage of 2 consecutive months, service utilization associated with sexuality, and chlamydia testing rates among Medicaid female enrollees aged 15 to 25 years who had 1 month of the full scope of Medicaid benefits and had 1 health service claim. The chlamydia testing rate was calculated as the proportion of sexually active Medicaid female enrollees who received a chlamydia test in 2010. Results Of 5.7 million women aged 15 to 25 years enrolled in Medicaid in 2010, 42.3% had a 2-month gap of enrollment coverage in 2010. The proportion of women who had a 2-month gap varied from 26.1% to 73.2% across states. The proportion of women identified as sexually active was 59.8% among women who had a 2-month gap and 57.1% among women who had no 2-month gap. The chlamydia testing rate was 44.0% among sexually active women with a 2-month gap and 44.2% among sexually active women without a 2-month gap. Eleven states had 10% difference in sexual activity or chlamydia testing rates between women with a 2-month gap and women without a 2-month gap. Conclusions States which exclude a substantial proportion of Medicaid enrollees from inclusion in the chlamydia testing denominator may have less representative testing estimates because those excluded tend to be women aged 19 to 25 years. C1 [Tao, Guoyu; Patel, Chirag G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patel, Chirag G.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Tao, GY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gat3@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 43 IS 10 BP 595 EP 598 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000508 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DX7PH UT WOS:000384580000001 PM 27626186 ER PT J AU Redhammer, GJ Rettenwander, D Pristat, S Dashjav, E Kumar, CMN Topa, D Tietz, F AF Redhammer, G. J. Rettenwander, D. Pristat, S. Dashjav, E. Kumar, C. M. N. Topa, D. Tietz, F. TI A single crystal X-ray and powder neutron diffraction study on NASICON-type Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)(3) (0 <= x <= 0.5) crystals: Implications on ionic conductivity SO SOLID STATE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE LiTi2(PO4)(3); Al3+ substitution; LATP; NASICON; Single crystal X-ray diffraction; Neutron diffraction ID LITHIUM MOBILITY; SOLID-ELECTROLYTE; NMR; LI1+XTI2-XALX(PO4)(3); CONDUCTORS; IMPEDANCE; CHEMISTRY; BATTERIES AB Single crystals of NASICON-type material Li1+xTi2-xAlx(FO4)(3) (LATP) with 0 <= x <= 0.5 were successfully grown using long-term sintering techniques. Sample material was studied by chemical analysis, single crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction. The Ti4+ replacement scales very well with the Al3+ and Li+ incorporation. The additional Li+ thereby enters the M3 cavity of the NASICON framework at x, y, z similar to (0.07, 0.34, 0.09) and is regarded to be responsible for the enhanced Li+ conduction of LATP as compared to Al-free LTP. Variations in structural parameters, associated with the Ti4+ substitution with Al3+ + Li+ will be discussed in detail in this paper. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Redhammer, G. J.] Salzburg Univ, Dept Chem & Phys Mat, Div Mat Sci & Mineral, Hellbrunnerstr 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. [Rettenwander, D.] MIT, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Pristat, S.; Dashjav, E.; Tietz, F.] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Inst Energy & Climate Res Mat Synth & Proc IEK 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Kumar, C. M. N.] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, JCNS, Outstn SNS, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kumar, C. M. N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Topa, D.] Nat Hist Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. [Tietz, F.] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Helmholtz Inst Munster, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Redhammer, GJ (reprint author), Salzburg Univ, Dept Chem & Phys Mat, Div Mat Sci & Mineral, Hellbrunnerstr 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. EM guenther.redhammer@sbg.ac.at RI Redhammer, Guenther/J-9069-2012; OI Redhammer, Guenther/0000-0003-0996-3930; Chogondahalli Muniraju, Naveen Kumar/0000-0002-8867-8291 FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P25702]; JCNS; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (DOE) FX This research was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): project number P25702. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by JCNS to perform the neutron scattering measurements at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge, USA. Part of the research conducted at SNS was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (DOE). NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 31 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1293-2558 EI 1873-3085 J9 SOLID STATE SCI JI Solid State Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 60 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2016.08.011 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DY0IF UT WOS:000384779800014 ER PT J AU Curry, JF Babuska, TF Brumbach, MT Argibay, N AF Curry, J. F. Babuska, T. F. Brumbach, M. T. Argibay, N. TI Temperature-Dependent Friction and Wear of MoS2/Sb2O3/Au Nanocomposites SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Friction; Wear; Nanocomposites; MoS2; Temperature; Characterization; Auger ID MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; SPACE APPLICATIONS; COATINGS; MOS2; COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; CONTACT AB The temperature-dependent friction and wear of magnetron-sputtered MoS2/Sb2O3/Au nanocomposites was investigated in the range -150 to 150 degrees C using macroscale experiments. We investigate the origin of recent reports suggesting the existence of a relatively high friction (mu similar to 0.2) transition for these nanocomposites at temperatures below -20 degrees C, contrasting with the characteristic ultra-low friction behavior (mu < 0.01) for pure and composite MoS2 films in vacuum and inert gas environments at room temperature. We present evidence suggesting that the ability to form and maintain basally oriented low-friction surface films is increasingly compromised with decreasing temperature, and show that low friction is achievable at cryogenic temperatures. C1 [Curry, J. F.; Babuska, T. F.; Brumbach, M. T.; Argibay, N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Argibay, N (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM nargiba@sandia.gov OI Curry, John/0000-0003-2611-1297 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Somuri V. Prasad and Michael T. Dugger for helpful conversations about the friction behavior of MoS2 in extreme environments, Rand Garfield for sample preparation and assistance with fabrication of cryogenic flow cell, and Angela Pitenis, Morgan Jones and W. Gregory Sawyer for insightful conversations about previous research efforts to understand the molecular origins of friction of 2D materials. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 EI 1573-2711 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 64 IS 1 AR 18 DI 10.1007/s11249-016-0748-x PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DX7IG UT WOS:000384559700018 ER PT J AU Curry, JF Argibay, N Babuska, T Nation, B Martini, A Strandwitz, NC Dugger, MT Krick, BA AF Curry, John F. Argibay, Nicolas Babuska, Tomas Nation, Brendan Martini, Ashlie Strandwitz, Nicholas C. Dugger, Michael T. Krick, Brandon A. TI Highly Oriented MoS2 Coatings: Tribology and Environmental Stability SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE MoS2; Nitrogen spray; Aging; Roughness; Friction; Wear; Oxidation; Water vapor ID SPUTTERED MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; SOLID LUBRICANT FILMS; LOW-FRICTION; THIN-FILMS; NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; WEAR; MECHANISM; SURFACE; MICROSTRUCTURE; ORIENTATION AB Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) coatings have been prepared via nitrogen (N-2) spray deposition, a process which deliberately impinges particulates of MoS2 onto a substrate yielding a preferential basally oriented state. Adherent and highly oriented 100- to 300-nm-thick coatings were produced. These coatings exhibited lower initial friction coefficients than sputtered films in dry and humid environments. Such reductions likely stem from a higher degree of basal plane orientation throughout the film as confirmed by XRD. Initial friction in humid air for sprayed coatings (mu = 0.10) was half that of sputtered coatings (mu = 0.21), showing the ability of oriented surface films to produce a low shear strength interface. Aging of these coatings in a humid nitrogen environment also showed the propensity for the films to resist poisoning of their structure which could otherwise result in degraded tribological performance. These results also support the hypothesis that water vapor does not contribute to the oxidation of MoS2. C1 [Curry, John F.; Krick, Brandon A.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Argibay, Nicolas; Babuska, Tomas; Nation, Brendan; Dugger, Michael T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Martini, Ashlie] Univ Calif Merced, Dept Mech Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Strandwitz, Nicholas C.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Krick, BA (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM bakrick@lehigh.edu OI Curry, John/0000-0003-2611-1297 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Sandia National Laboratories staff members Paul Kotula for acquisition of TEM images, Michael Rye for FIB sample preparation, and Bonnie McKenzie for SEM and EDS microscopy. We thank Lehigh University Tribology Lab members Mark Sidebottom and Guosong Zeng for discussions and help in setting up instrumentation. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 28 U2 28 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 EI 1573-2711 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 64 IS 1 AR 11 DI 10.1007/s11249-016-0745-0 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DX7IG UT WOS:000384559700011 ER PT J AU Tate, SB Javernick, DA Lienert, TJ Liu, S AF Tate, S. B. Javernick, D. A. Lienert, T. J. Liu, S. TI Laser Weldability of 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn Stainless Steel: Part I - Impurity Effects and Solidification Mode SO WELDING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Laser Welding; Austenitic Stainless Steel Solidfication Mode; Solidifcation Cracking ID MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; CRACKING; NITROGEN; BEHAVIOR; WELDS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MANGANESE AB For laser welded Type 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn (21-6-9) stainless steels, the relationship between solidification cracking susceptibility and chemical composition was examined, and primary solidification mode (PSM) diagrams were developed to predict the solidification mode. Sigmajig testing was used with experimental heats of Type 21-6-9 to determine the effect of P and S on solidification cracking when primary austenite solidification occurred. Phosphorus showed a larger influence on solidification cracking relative to S, and a relationship of (P + 0.25) was found for total impurity content. The PSM diagrams to predict solidification mode were developed by analyzing welds made at three travel speeds for a wide range of 21-6-9 alloys and some other similar alloys. The minimum Cr-eq/Ni-eq required for primary ferrite solidification increased as travel speed increased, with more alloys showing primary austenite solidification at higher travel rates. As travel speed increased from 21 to 85 mm/s, the average solidification rate increased from 6 to 25 mm/s. C1 [Tate, S. B.] Colorado State, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Tate, S. B.] AK Steel Corp, Middletown, OH 45044 USA. [Javernick, D. A.; Lienert, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Liu, S.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Tate, SB (reprint author), AK Steel Corp, Middletown, OH 45044 USA. EM stephen.tate@aksteel.com; daj@lanl.gov; lienert@lanl.gov; sliu@mines.edu FU Los Alamos National Laboratory FX The authors would like to thank Los Alamos National Laboratory for financial support of this graduate research work. The authors also thank Dr. Graham McIntosh formerly of Carpenter Technology Corp., Dr. Luis Garza of AK Steel Corp., and Dr. John Elmer of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for donating materials for this work. The authors also acknowledge the NSF Center for Integrative Materials Joining Sciences for Energy Applications for the collaborative research opportunity. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 N W LEJEUNE RD, MIAMI, FL 33126 USA SN 0043-2296 J9 WELD J JI Weld. J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 95 IS 10 PG 13 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DY0MJ UT WOS:000384790600014 ER PT J AU Sardi, M Rovinskiy, N Zhang, YP Gasch, AP AF Sardi, Maria Rovinskiy, Nikolay Zhang, Yaoping Gasch, Audrey P. TI Leveraging Genetic-Background Effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae To Improve Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate Tolerance SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRETREATED CORN STOVER; MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE; HOG1 MAP KINASE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; BIOMASS CONVERSION; GENOMIC EXPRESSION; YEAST; STRESS; FERMENTATION; ACID AB A major obstacle to sustainable lignocellulosic biofuel production is microbe inhibition by the combinatorial stresses in pre-treated plant hydrolysate. Chemical biomass pretreatment releases a suite of toxins that interact with other stressors, including high osmolarity and temperature, which together can have poorly understood synergistic effects on cells. Improving tolerance in industrial strains has been hindered, in part because the mechanisms of tolerance reported in the literature often fail to recapitulate in other strain backgrounds. Here, we explored and then exploited variations in stress tolerance, toxin-induced transcriptomic responses, and fitness effects of gene overexpression in different Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) strains to identify genes and processes linked to tolerance of hydrolysate stressors. Using six different S. cerevisiae strains that together maximized phenotypic and genetic diversity, first we explored transcriptomic differences between resistant and sensitive strains to identify common and strain-specific responses. This comparative analysis implicated primary cellular targets of hydrolysate toxins, secondary effects of defective defense strategies, and mechanisms of tolerance. Dissecting the responses to individual hydrolysate components across strains pointed to synergistic interactions between osmolarity, pH, hydrolysate toxins, and nutrient composition. By characterizing the effects of high-copy gene overexpression in three different strains, we revealed the breadth of the background-specific effects of gene fitness contributions in synthetic hydrolysate. Our approach identified new genes for engineering improved stress tolerance in diverse strains while illuminating the effects of genetic background on molecular mechanisms. C1 [Sardi, Maria; Rovinskiy, Nikolay; Zhang, Yaoping; Gasch, Audrey P.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sardi, Maria] Univ Wisconsin, Microbiol Training Program, Madison, WI USA. [Gasch, Audrey P.] Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rovinskiy, Nikolay] DNAStar, Madison, WI USA. RP Gasch, AP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Gasch, AP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM agasch@wisc.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE-1256259]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work, including the efforts of Maria Isabel Sardi, was funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) (DGE-1256259). This work, including the efforts of Maria Isabel Sardi, Nikolay Rovinskiy, Yaoping Zhang, and Audrey P. Gasch, was funded by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 82 IS 19 BP 5838 EP 5849 DI 10.1128/AEM.01603-16 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DX0JX UT WOS:000384048700011 PM 27451446 ER PT J AU Vaccaro, BJ Lancaster, WA Thorgersen, MP Zane, GM Younkin, AD Kazakov, AE Wetmore, KM Deutschbauer, A Arkin, AP Novichkov, PS Wall, JD Adams, MWW AF Vaccaro, Brian J. Lancaster, W. Andrew Thorgersen, Michael P. Zane, Grant M. Younkin, Adam D. Kazakov, Alexey E. Wetmore, Kelly M. Deutschbauer, Adam Arkin, Adam P. Novichkov, Pavel S. Wall, Judy D. Adams, Michael W. W. TI Novel Metal Cation Resistance Systems from Mutant Fitness Analysis of Denitrifying Pseudomonas stutzeri SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN FAMILIES DATABASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HEAVY-METAL; EFFLUX SYSTEM; ALCALIGENES-EUTROPHUS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; MAGNESIUM TRANSPORT; COPPER RESISTANCE; HOMEOSTASIS; GENE AB Metal ion transport systems have been studied extensively, but the specificity of a given transporter is often unclear from amino acid sequence data alone. In this study, predicted Cu2+ and Zn2+ resistance systems in Pseudomonas stutzeri strain RCH2 are compared with those experimentally implicated in Cu2+ and Zn2+ resistance, as determined by using a DNA-barcoded transposon mutant library. Mutant fitness data obtained under denitrifying conditions are combined with regulon predictions to yield a much more comprehensive picture of Cu2+ and Zn2+ resistance in strain RCH2. The results not only considerably expand what is known about well-established metal ion exporters (CzcCBA, CzcD, and CusCBA) and their accessory proteins (CzcI and CusF), they also reveal that isolates with mutations in some predicted Cu2+ resistance systems do not show decreased fitness relative to the wild type when exposed to Cu2+. In addition, new genes are identified that have no known connection to Zn2+ (corB, corC, Psest_3226, Psest_3322, and Psest_0618) or Cu2+ resistance (Mrp antiporter subunit gene, Psest_2850, and Psest_0584) but are crucial for resistance to these metal cations. Growth of individual deletion mutants lacking corB, corC, Psest_3226, or Psest_3322 confirmed the observed Zn-dependent phenotypes. Notably, to our knowledge, this is the first time a bacterial homolog of TMEM165, a human gene responsible for a congenital glycosylation disorder, has been deleted and the resulting strain characterized. Finally, the fitness values indicate Cu2+ -and Zn2+ -based inhibition of nitrite reductase and interference with molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis for nitrate reductase. These results extend the current understanding of Cu2+ and Zn2+ efflux and resistance and their effects on denitrifying metabolism. C1 [Vaccaro, Brian J.; Lancaster, W. Andrew; Thorgersen, Michael P.; Adams, Michael W. W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zane, Grant M.; Younkin, Adam D.; Wall, Judy D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO USA. [Kazakov, Alexey E.; Wetmore, Kelly M.; Deutschbauer, Adam; Arkin, Adam P.; Novichkov, Pavel S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Genom & Syst Biol Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Adams, MWW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM adams@bmb.uga.edu OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931 FU Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological & Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work, including the efforts of Brian J. Vaccaro, William A. Lancaster, Michael P. Thorgersen, Grant Zane, Adam D. Younkin, Alexey E. Kazakov, Kelly M. Wetmore, Adam Deutschbauer, Adam P. Arkin, Pavel Novichkov, Judy D. Wall, and Michael W. W. Adams, was funded by Department of Energy, Office of Science (DE-AC02-05CH11231).; This material by ENIGMA (Ecosystems and Networks Integrated with Genes and Molecular Assemblies; http://enigma.lbl.gov), a Scientific Focus Area Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological & Environmental Research, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 82 IS 19 BP 6046 EP 6056 DI 10.1128/AEM.01845-16 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DX0JX UT WOS:000384048700032 PM 27474723 ER PT J AU Christensen, GA Wymore, AM King, AJ Podar, M Hurt, RA Santillan, EU Soren, A Brandt, CC Brown, SD Palumbo, AV Wall, JD Gilmour, CC Elias, DA AF Christensen, Geoff A. Wymore, Ann M. King, Andrew J. Podar, Mircea Hurt, Richard A., Jr. Santillan, Eugenio U. Soren, Ally Brandt, Craig C. Brown, Steven D. Palumbo, Anthony V. Wall, Judy D. Gilmour, Cynthia C. Elias, Dwayne A. TI Development and Validation of Broad-Range Qualitative and Clade-Specific Quantitative Molecular Probes for Assessing Mercury Methylation in the Environment SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION; REDUCING BACTERIUM; GENE HGCA; SULFATE; TIME; SEQUENCE; MODEL; PCR; MICROORGANISMS AB Two genes, hgcA and hgcB, are essential for microbial mercury (Hg) methylation. Detection and estimation of their abundance, in conjunction with Hg concentration, bioavailability, and biogeochemistry, are critical in determining potential hot spots of methylmercury (MeHg) generation in at-risk environments. We developed broad-range degenerate PCR primers spanning known hgcAB genes to determine the presence of both genes in diverse environments. These primers were tested against an extensive set of pure cultures with published genomes, including 13 Deltaproteobacteria, nine Firmicutes, and nine methanogenic Archaea genomes. A distinct PCR product at the expected size was confirmed for all hgcAB(+) strains tested via Sanger sequencing. Additionally, we developed clade-specific degenerate quantitative PCR (qPCR) primers that targeted hgcA for each of the three dominant Hg-methylating clades. The clade-specific qPCR primers amplified hgcA from 64%, 88%, and 86% of tested pure cultures of Deltaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Archaea, respectively, and were highly specific for each clade. Amplification efficiencies and detection limits were quantified for each organism. Primer sensitivity varied among species based on sequence conservation. Finally, to begin to evaluate the utility of our primer sets in nature, we tested hgcA and hgcAB recovery from pure cultures spiked into sand and soil. These novel quantitative molecular tools designed in this study will allow for more accurate identification and quantification of the individual Hg-methylating groups of microorganisms in the environment. The resulting data will be essential in developing accurate and robust predictive models of Hg methylation potential, ideally integrating the geochemistry of Hg methylation to the microbiology and genetics of hgcAB. C1 [Christensen, Geoff A.; Wymore, Ann M.; King, Andrew J.; Podar, Mircea; Hurt, Richard A., Jr.; Brandt, Craig C.; Brown, Steven D.; Palumbo, Anthony V.; Elias, Dwayne A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Santillan, Eugenio U.; Soren, Ally; Gilmour, Cynthia C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Wall, Judy D.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. RP Elias, DA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM eliasda@ornl.gov OI Christensen, Geoffrey/0000-0003-1360-0729 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research Subsurface Biogeochemical Research (SBR) Program; subsurface biogeochemical research program of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Smithsonian Burch Fellowship FX This research is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research Subsurface Biogeochemical Research (SBR) Program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy.; The Hg Science Focus Area at ORNL is funded by the subsurface biogeochemical research program of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. E.U.S. was supported by a Smithsonian Burch Fellowship. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 82 IS 19 BP 6068 EP 6078 DI 10.1128/AEM.01271-16 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DX0JX UT WOS:000384048700034 PM 27422835 ER PT J AU Herring, SD Germann, TC Gronbech-Jensen, N AF Herring, Stuart Davis Germann, Timothy Clark Gronbech-Jensen, Niels TI Dimensionality effects in void-induced explosive sensitivity SO COMBUSTION THEORY AND MODELLING LA English DT Article DE shock sensitivity; spherical voids; high explosives; molecular dynamics; REBO ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ENERGETIC MATERIAL; SHOCK INITIATION; COLLAPSE; MODEL AB The dimensionality of defects in high explosives controls their heat generation and the expansion of deflagrations from them. We compare the behaviour of spherical voids in three dimensions to that of circular voids in two dimensions. The behaviour is qualitatively similar, but the additional focusing along the extra transverse dimension significantly reduces the piston velocity needed to initiate reactions. However, the reactions do not grow as well in three dimensions, so detonations require larger piston velocities. Pressure exponents are seen to be similar to those for the two-dimensional system. C1 [Herring, Stuart Davis] Los Alamos Natl Lab, X Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Germann, Timothy Clark] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Gronbech-Jensen, Niels] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Herring, SD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, X Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM herring@lanl.gov OI Germann, Timothy/0000-0002-6813-238X FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) program; Materials Design Institute [75782-001-09]; Fannie and John Hertz Foundation FX This report was prepared by Los Alamos National Security under contract with the US Department of Energy [contract no. DE-AC52-06NA25396]. Funding was provided by the Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) program; the Materials Design Institute [contract no. 75782-001-09]; and the Fannie and John Hertz Foundation. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-7830 EI 1741-3559 J9 COMBUST THEOR MODEL JI Combust. Theory Model. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 866 EP 876 DI 10.1080/13647830.2016.1189598 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mathematics GA DX2PT UT WOS:000384213600005 ER PT J AU Kittell, DE Yarrington, CD AF Kittell, David Erik Yarrington, Cole Davis TI A physically-based Mie-Gruneisen equation of state to determine hot spot temperature distributions SO COMBUSTION THEORY AND MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Mie-Gruneisen equation of state; shock Hugoniot; explosive modelling; hydrocode; heterogeneous impact ID INITIATION; IGNITION; COLLAPSE AB A physically-based form of the Mie-Gruneisen equation of state (EOS) is derived for calculating 1d planar shock temperatures, as well as hot spot temperature distributions from heterogeneous impact simulations. This form utilises a multi-term Einstein oscillator model for specific heat, and is completely algebraic in terms of temperature, volume, an integrating factor, and the cold curve energy. Moreover, any empirical relation for the reference pressure and energy may be substituted into the equations via the use of a generalised reference function. The complete EOS is then applied to calculations of the Hugoniot temperature and simulation of hydrodynamic pore collapse using data for the secondary explosive, hexanitrostilbene (HNS). From these results, it is shown that the choice of EOS is even more significant for determining hot spot temperature distributions than planar shock states. The complete EOS is also compared to an alternative derivation assuming that specific heat is a function of temperature alone, i.e. c(v)(T). Temperature discrepancies on the order of 100-600K were observed corresponding to the shock pressures required to initiate HNS (near 10GPa). Overall, the results of this work will improve confidence in temperature predictions. By adopting this EOS, future work may be able to assign physical meaning to other thermally sensitive constitutive model parameters necessary to predict the shock initiation and detonation of heterogeneous explosives. C1 [Kittell, David Erik; Yarrington, Cole Davis] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kittell, DE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dekitte@sandia.gov FU US Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Office of University Programs [2013-ST-061-ED0001]; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Office of University Programs [Grant Award 2013-ST-061-ED0001]. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by the Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [contract DE-AC04-94AL85000]. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-7830 EI 1741-3559 J9 COMBUST THEOR MODEL JI Combust. Theory Model. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 941 EP 957 DI 10.1080/13647830.2016.1201145 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mathematics GA DX2PT UT WOS:000384213600009 ER PT J AU Carter, MW Gavin, L Zapata, LB Bornstein, M Mautone-Smith, N Moskosky, SB AF Carter, Marion W. Gavin, Loretta Zapata, Lauren B. Bornstein, Marta Mautone-Smith, Nancy Moskosky, Susan B. TI Four aspects of the scope and quality of family planning services in US publicly funded health centers: Results from a survey of health center administrators SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Contraceptive methods; Contraceptive counseling; Youth-friendly services; Title X ID YOUNG-PEOPLE; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMPACT AB Objectives: This study aims to describe aspects of the scope and quality of family planning services provided by US publicly funded health centers before the release of relevant federal recommendations. Study design: Using nationally representative survey data (N=1615), we describe four aspects of service delivery: family planning services provided, contraceptive methods provided onsite, written contraceptive counseling protocols and youth-friendly services. We created a count index for each issue and used multivariable ordered logistic regression to identify health center characteristics associated with scoring higher on each. Results: Half of the sample received Title X funding and about a third each were a community health center or health department clinic. The vast majority reported frequently providing contraceptive services (89%) and STD services (87%) for women in the past 3 months. Service provision to males was substantially lower except for STD screening. A total of 63% and 48% of health centers provided hormonal IUDs and implants onsite in the past 3 months, respectively. Forty percent of health centers included all five recommended contraceptive counseling practices in written protocols. Of youth-friendly services, active promotion of confidential services was among the most commonly reported (83%); offering weekend/evening hours was among the least (42%). In multivariable analyses, receiving Title X funding, having larger volumes of family planning clients and being a Planned Parenthood clinic were associated with higher scores on most indices. Conclusion: Many services were consistent with the recommendations for providing quality family planning services, but there was room for improvement across domains and health centers types. Implications statement: As assessed in this paper, the scope and quality of these family planning services was relatively high, particularly among Planned Parenthood clinics and Title X-funded centers. However, results point to important areas for improvement. Future studies should assess change as implementation of recent family planning service recommendations continues. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Carter, Marion W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E-80, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gavin, Loretta; Mautone-Smith, Nancy; Moskosky, Susan B.] Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Off Populat Affairs, 1101 Wootton Pkwy,Suite 700, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Zapata, Lauren B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Bornstein, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E-80, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Carter, MW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E-80, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Acq0@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD OCT PY 2016 VL 94 IS 4 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.04.009 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DX0DW UT WOS:000384033000007 PM 27125894 ER PT J AU Pollescha, NL Dale, VH AF Pollescha, N. L. Dale, V. H. TI Normalization in sustainability assessment: Methods and implications SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Aggregation; Bioenergy sustainability; Composite indicator; Multi-criteria assessment; Normalization; Sustainability assessment; Standardization ID INDICATORS; INDEXES; AGGREGATION; SYSTEMS AB One approach to assessing progress towards sustainability makes use of multiple indicators spanning the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of the system being studied. Diverse indicators have different units of measurement, and normalization is the procedure employed to transform differing indicator measures onto similar scales or to unit-free measures. Given the inherent complexity entailed in interpreting information related to multiple indicators, normalization and aggregation of sustainability indicators are common steps after indicator measures are quantified. However, it is often difficult for stakeholders to make clear connections between specific indicator measurements and resulting aggregate scores of sustainability. Motivated by challenges and examples in sustainability assessment, this paper explores various normalization schemes including ratio normalization, target normalization, Z-score normalization, and unit equivalence normalization. Methods for analyzing the impacts of normalization choice on aggregate scores are presented. Techniques are derived for general application in studying composite indicators, and advantages and drawbacks associated with different normalization schemes are discussed within the context of sustainability assessment. Theoretical results are clarified through a case study using data from indicators of progress towards bioenergy sustainability. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pollescha, N. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, 1403 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pollescha, N. L.; Dale, V. H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr BioEnergy Sustainabil, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pollescha, NL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, 1403 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pollesch@math.utk.edu; dalevh@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Bioenergy Technologies Office; UT-Battelle, LLC, for DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68005-30410] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Bioenergy Technologies Office. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by the UT-Battelle, LLC, for DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Discussions with Fred Roberts, Esther Parish, Harlan Stech, and Bruce Peckham have been helpful. Comments by Lou Gross on an earlier draft are also appreciated.; The case study in the paper builds from research of the Southeastern Partnership for Integrated Biomass Supply Systems (IBSS), which is funded through Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive grant no. 2011-68005-30410 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 130 BP 195 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.06.018 PG 14 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA DW8ZU UT WOS:000383944800019 ER PT J AU Ashuri, M He, QR Liu, YZ Zhang, K Emani, S Sawicki, MS Shamie, JS Shaw, LL AF Ashuri, Maziar He, Qianran Liu, Yuzi Zhang, Kan Emani, Satyanarayana Sawicki, Monica S. Shamie, Jack S. Shaw, Leon L. TI Hollow Silicon Nanospheres Encapsulated with a Thin Carbon Shell: An Electrochemical Study SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion battery; Anode; Silicon; Hollow Si nanospheres; Sol-gel processing ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; PERFORMANCE ANODE MATERIALS; AT-C NANOCOMPOSITES; FACILE SYNTHESIS; HIGH-CAPACITY; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; STORAGE PERFORMANCE; ALLOY ANODES; PARTICLES; COMPOSITE AB In this study we have investigated the electrochemical properties of hollow silicon nanospheres encapsulated with a thin carbon shell, HSi@C, as a potential candidate for lithium-ion battery anodes. Hollow Si nanospheres are formed using a templating method which is followed by carbon coating via carbonization of a pyrrole precursor to form HSi@C. The synthesis conditions and the resulting structure of HSi@C have been studied in detail to obtain the target design of hollow Si nanospheres encapsulated with a carbon shell. The HSi@C obtained exhibits much better electrochemical cycle stability than both micro-and nano-size silicon anodes and deliver a stable specific capacity of 700 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 2 A g(-1) and 800 mA h g(-1) after 120 cycles at a current density of 1 A g(-1). The superior performance of HSi@C is attributed to the synergistic combination of the nanostructured material, the enhanced conductivity, and the presence of the central void space for Si expansion with little or no change in the volume of the entire HSi@C particle. This study is the first detailed investigation of the synthesis conditions to attain the desired structure of a hollow Si core with a conductive carbon shell. This study also offers guidelines to further enhance the specific capacity of HSi@C anodes in the future. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ashuri, Maziar; He, Qianran; Zhang, Kan; Emani, Satyanarayana; Sawicki, Monica S.; Shamie, Jack S.; Shaw, Leon L.] IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Ashuri, Maziar; He, Qianran; Zhang, Kan; Emani, Satyanarayana; Sawicki, Monica S.; Shamie, Jack S.; Shaw, Leon L.] IIT, WISER, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Liu, Yuzi] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shaw, LL (reprint author), IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM lshaw2@iit.edu RI Ashuri, Maziar/K-3413-2015 OI Ashuri, Maziar/0000-0001-8610-1643 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX MA and LS are grateful to the Rowe Family Endowment Fund, and QH acknowledges Tang Fellowship. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, an Office of Science user facility, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 53 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 EI 1873-3859 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT PY 2016 VL 215 BP 126 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.059 PG 16 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA DW9UT UT WOS:000384008900016 ER PT J AU Asset, T Roy, A Sakamoto, T Padilla, M Matanovic, I Artyushkova, K Serov, A Maillard, F Chatenet, M Asazawa, K Tanaka, H Atanassov, P AF Asset, Tristan Roy, Aaron Sakamoto, Tomokazu Padilla, Monica Matanovic, Ivana Artyushkova, Kateryna Serov, Alexey Maillard, Frederic Chatenet, Marian Asazawa, Koichiro Tanaka, Hirohisa Atanassov, Plamen TI Highly active and selective nickel molybdenum catalysts for direct hydrazine fuel cell SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Direct Hydrazine Fuel Cell; Ni-based catalyst; Nickel; Molybdenum; Ammonia Generation ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; OXYGEN REDUCTION; DIRECT BOROHYDRIDE; ANODE CATALYSTS; ELECTROOXIDATION; PLATINUM; METALS; ELECTROCATALYSIS AB Carbon-supported NiMo catalysts ( NiMo/C) were synthesized and investigated for the electrooxidation of hydrazine. Their morphology and composition were determined with physicochemical characterizations ( TEM-EDS, XPS and XRD) and further bridged to their electrocatalytic activity. The electrochemical performances measured in rotating disk electrode experiments reached 7.68 +/- 0.96 kA g(metal) (1) for hydrazine electrooxidation at E = 0.4 V vs. RHE for the carbon-supported NiMo ( 9:1)/C. This value is amongst the highest reported in the literature. The large activity of the carbon-supported NiMo ( 9: 1)/C catalyst was ascribed to the effect of a low but non-negligible (< 15 at. %) molybdenum content, as molybdenum atoms stabilize the hydrazine N-N bond, thereby preventing the chemical decomposition of hydrazine into ammonia, and improving the catalyst selectivity towards the complete ( and desired) hydrazine oxidation into N-2 gas. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Asset, Tristan; Maillard, Frederic; Chatenet, Marian] Univ Grenoble Alpes, LEPMI, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Asset, Tristan; Maillard, Frederic; Chatenet, Marian] CNRS, LEPMI, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Roy, Aaron; Padilla, Monica; Matanovic, Ivana; Artyushkova, Kateryna; Serov, Alexey; Atanassov, Plamen] Univ New Mexico, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, UNM Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sakamoto, Tomokazu; Asazawa, Koichiro; Tanaka, Hirohisa] Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd, Adv R&D Dept, R&D Ctr, Corp Business Unit, 3000 Yamanoue, Ryuo, Shiga 5202593, Japan. [Tanaka, Hirohisa] Kwansei Gakuin Univ, Dept Nanotechnol Sustainable Energy, Sch Sci & Technol, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 6691337, Japan. [Matanovic, Ivana] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chatenet, Marian] IUF, French Univ Inst, Paris, France. RP Chatenet, M (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, LEPMI, F-38000 Grenoble, France.; Chatenet, M (reprint author), CNRS, LEPMI, F-38000 Grenoble, France.; Atanassov, P (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, UNM Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.; Chatenet, M (reprint author), IUF, French Univ Inst, Paris, France. EM marian.chatenet@phelma.grenoble-inp.fr; plamen@unm.edu RI Maillard, Frederic/C-7954-2012 OI Maillard, Frederic/0000-0002-6470-8900 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; French University Institute FX VASP license was provided through Theoretical division, LANL, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. Computational work was performed using the computational resources of EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, NERSC, supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and CNMS, sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. MC thanks the French University Institute for funding. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 29 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 EI 1873-3859 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT PY 2016 VL 215 BP 420 EP 426 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.106 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA DW9UT UT WOS:000384008900049 ER PT J AU Wang, WX Jiang, T Faybishenko, B Wang, ZF Hu, W Zhao, QJ AF Wang, Wenxue Jiang, Tong Faybishenko, Boris Wang, Zhongfu Hu, Wei Zhao, Qingjie TI Closure of Fracture Due to Cover Stress Re-establishment After Coal Mining SO GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Fracture closure; Fractured rock mass; Cover stress re-establishment; Key strata; Coal mining ID CHINA; DEFORMATION; PROTECTION; OVERBURDEN; NORTHWEST; HEIGHT; STRATA; ZONES; SEAMS AB In situ measurements of deformations, stresses, and closure of fractures, affecting water inflow following coal mining, are challenging due to the inaccessibility of fractured rock. In this paper, the authors studied the closure process of the fractured rock mass with the cover stress re-establishment based on a theoretical analysis and a scale model testing. A quantitative analysis is used to study the fracture distribution in the fractured zone. A function to describe a fracture aperture distribution in the fractured zone is proposed, which takes into account the curvature and thickness of the fractured rock. The theoretical analysis and a scale model testing both indicate that the cover stress re-establishment with mining distance increasing and the relationship between the fracture closure and cover stress re-establishment both satisfy a logarithmic function. The scale model test also shows the following features: (1) the fracture ratio (which is the fracture area divided by the total area of fracture and intact rock with a unit width in the vertical or horizontal direction) in the lower part of the fractured rock mass is greater than that in the upper part; (2) the initially fast decreased of fracture ratios is then followed by a slower decrease during the cover stress re-establishment process; (3) in the upper part of the rock mass, the vertical directional fractures with small apertures are being closed with cover stress re-establishment, which indicates an increase in the water resistance reducing the seepage from these parts of the fractured zone. This study improves the general understanding of the fracture closure process and cover stress re-establishment in the fractured rock mass after coal mining ceased, and provides a theoretical basis for water resource protection in case of underground coal mining. C1 [Wang, Wenxue; Jiang, Tong] North China Univ Water Resources & Elect Power, Henan Prov Key Lab Rock & Soil Mech & Struct Engn, Zhengzhou 450045, Peoples R China. [Faybishenko, Boris] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Wang, Zhongfu] North China Univ Water Resources & Elect Power, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Water Resources Efficient, Zhengzhou 450045, Peoples R China. [Hu, Wei] Changjiang Inst Survey Planning Design & Res, Wuhan 430010, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Qingjie] Lutai Coal Min Co, Taiping Coal Mine, Jining 273517, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, T (reprint author), North China Univ Water Resources & Elect Power, Henan Prov Key Lab Rock & Soil Mech & Struct Engn, Zhengzhou 450045, Peoples R China. EM wang603698305@163.com; jiangtong@ncwu.edu.cn; bafaybishenko@lbl.gov; xfjtwzf@163.com; huwei_cumt@163.com; qjiezhao@126.com NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3182 EI 1573-1529 J9 GEOTECH GEOL ENG JI Geotech. Geol. Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1525 EP 1537 DI 10.1007/s10706-016-0059-x PG 13 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA DX4DV UT WOS:000384332200017 ER PT J AU Khanduri, P Kailkhura, B Thiagarajan, JJ Varshney, PK AF Khanduri, Prashant Kailkhura, Bhavya Thiagarajan, Jayaraman J. Varshney, Pramod K. TI Universal Collaboration Strategies for Signal Detection: A Sparse Learning Approach SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Dimensionality reduction; multitask detection; sparse learning; universal collaboration ID LINEAR COHERENT ESTIMATION; DISTRIBUTED ESTIMATION; SENSOR COLLABORATION AB This paper considers the problem of high-dimensional signal detection in a large distributed network whose nodes can collaborate with their one-hop neighboring nodes (spatial collaboration). We assume that only a small subset of nodes communicate with the fusion center (FC). We design optimal collaboration strategies which are universal for a class of deterministic signals. By establishing the equivalence between the collaboration strategy design problem and sparse principal component analysis (PCA), we solve the problem efficiently and evaluate the impact of collaboration on detection performance. C1 [Khanduri, Prashant; Kailkhura, Bhavya; Varshney, Pramod K.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Thiagarajan, Jayaraman J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Khanduri, P (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM pkhandur@syr.edu; bkailkhu@syr.edu; jayaramanthi1@llnl.gov; varshney@syr.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0339] FX This work was supported in part by Army Research Office under Grant W911NF-14-1-0339. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Deanna Needell. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1070-9908 EI 1558-2361 J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC LET JI IEEE Signal Process. Lett. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 23 IS 10 DI 10.1109/LSP.2016.2601911 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DX2ZR UT WOS:000384242900003 ER PT J AU Huang, H Yoo, SJ Yu, DT Qin, H AF Huang, Hao Yoo, Shinjae Yu, Dantong Qin, Hong TI Diverse Power Iteration Embeddings: Theory and Practice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Approximated spectral analysis; power iteration ID INSTRUMENTS AB Manifold learning, especially spectral embedding, is known as one of the most effective learning approaches on high dimensional data, but for real-world applications it raises a serious computational burden in constructing spectral embeddings for large datasets. To overcome this computational complexity, we propose a novel efficient embedding construction, Diverse Power Iteration Embedding (DPIE). DPIE shows almost the same effectiveness of spectral embeddings and yet is three order of magnitude faster than spectral embeddings computed from eigen-decomposition. Our DPIE is unique in that 1) it finds linearly independent embeddings and thus shows diverse aspects of dataset; 2) the proposed regularized DPIE is effective if we need many embeddings; 3) we show how to efficiently orthogonalize DPIE if one needs; and 4) Diverse Power Iteration Value (DPIV) provides the importance of each DPIE like an eigen value. Such various aspects of DPIE and DPIV ensure that our algorithm is easy to apply to various applications, and we also show the effectiveness and efficiency of DPIE on clustering, anomaly detection, and feature selection as our case studies. C1 [Huang, Hao] GE Global Res, San Ramon, CA 94583 USA. [Yoo, Shinjae; Yu, Dantong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Qin, Hong] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Comp Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. RP Huang, H (reprint author), GE Global Res, San Ramon, CA 94583 USA. EM haohuanghw@gmail.com; shinjae@gmail.com; dtyu@bnl.gov; qin@cs.stonybrook.edu FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [IIS-0949467, IIS-1047715, IIS-1049448]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [61190120, 61190121, 61190125]; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL) [PD 15-025]; US DoE [DE-SC0003361]; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; BSA/DOE Prime Contract [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors gratefully thank all the anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions toward paper improvement. This research is supported in part by US National Science Foundation (NSF) (Nos. IIS-0949467, IIS-1047715, and IIS-1049448), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61190120, 61190121, and 61190125) and by Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL) PD 15-025. It is also supported by US DoE, Grant No. DE-SC0003361, funded through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, and BSA/DOE Prime Contract (DE-AC02-98CH10886) to BNL. This paper is an extension of the work published in ICDM 2014 [19]. S. Yoo is the corresponding author. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1041-4347 EI 1558-2191 J9 IEEE T KNOWL DATA EN JI IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 10 BP 2606 EP 2620 DI 10.1109/TKDE.2015.2499184 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DX2XJ UT WOS:000384236300007 ER PT J AU Di, S Cappello, F AF Di, Sheng Cappello, Franck TI Adaptive Impact-Driven Detection of Silent Data Corruption for HPC Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Fault tolerance; silent data corruption; exascale HPC ID IDEAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; TURBULENCE AB For exascale HPC applications, silent data corruption (SDC) is one of the most dangerous problems because there is no indication that there are errors during the execution. We propose an adaptive impact-driven method that can detect SDCs dynamically. The key contributions are threefold. (1) We carefully characterize 18 HPC applications/benchmarks and discuss the runtime data features, as well as the impact of the SDCs on their execution results. (2) We propose an impact-driven detection model that does not blindly improve the prediction accuracy, but instead detects only influential SDCs to guarantee user-acceptable execution results. (3) Our solution can adapt to dynamic prediction errors based on local runtime data and can automatically tune detection ranges for guaranteeing low false alarms. Experiments show that our detector can detect 80-99.99 percent of SDCs with a false alarm rate less that 1 percent of iterations for most cases. The memory cost and detection overhead are reduced to 15 and 6.3 percent, respectively, for a large majority of applications. C1 [Di, Sheng; Cappello, Franck] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci MCS Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Di, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci MCS Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM disheng222@gmail.com; cappello@mcs.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; ANR RESCUE; INRIA-Illinois-ANL-BSC Joint Laboratory on Extreme Scale Computing; Center for Exascale Simulation of Advanced Reactors (CESAR) at Argonne; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357; and by the ANR RESCUE, the INRIA-Illinois-ANL-BSC Joint Laboratory on Extreme Scale Computing, and Center for Exascale Simulation of Advanced Reactors (CESAR) at Argonne. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2809 EP 2823 DI 10.1109/TPDS.2016.2517639 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DX2YI UT WOS:000384239300003 ER PT J AU Christian, TM Fluegel, B Beaton, DA Alberi, K Mascarenhas, A AF Christian, Theresa M. Fluegel, Brian Beaton, Daniel A. Alberi, Kirstin Mascarenhas, Angelo TI Bismuth-induced Raman modes in GaP1-xBix SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GALLIUM-PHOSPHIDE; GAP-N; GAAS1-XBIX; GROWTH; BAND AB Dilute bismide semiconductor alloys are a promising material platform for optoelectronic devices due to drastic impacts of bismuth on the electronic structure of the alloy. At the same time, the details of bismuth incorporation in the lattice are not fully understood. In this work, we conduct Raman scattering spectroscopy on GaP1-xBix epilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and identify several bismuth-related Raman features including gap vibration modes at 296, 303, and 314cm(-1). This study paves the way for more detailed analysis of the local symmetry at bismuth incorporation sites in the dilute bismide alloy regime. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Christian, Theresa M.; Fluegel, Brian; Beaton, Daniel A.; Alberi, Kirstin; Mascarenhas, Angelo] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Christian, Theresa M.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Christian, TM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.; Christian, TM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM theresa.christian@nrel.gov FU Department of Energy Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC36-80GO28308]; U.S. Government FX The GaP0.992N0.008 sample was provided by H. P. Xin and C. W. Tu. TC acknowledges helpful comments from N. Bendiab. This work was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under DE-AC36-80GO28308. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0021-4922 EI 1347-4065 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 55 IS 10 AR 108002 DI 10.7567/JJAP.55.108002 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DX1PP UT WOS:000384139700001 ER PT J AU Zhulin, IB AF Zhulin, Igor B. TI Classic Spotlight: 16S rRNA Redefines Microbiology SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID SPORE GERMINATION; RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; SEQUENCES; LIFE C1 [Zhulin, Igor B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhulin, Igor B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhulin, IB (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Zhulin, IB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ijouline@utk.edu OI Zhulin, Igor/0000-0002-6708-5323 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 EI 1098-5530 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 198 IS 20 BP 2764 EP 2765 DI 10.1128/JB.00616-16 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DX4JQ UT WOS:000384347500002 PM 27660336 ER PT J AU Lasseux, D Parada, FJV Porter, ML AF Lasseux, Didier Valdes Parada, Francisco J. Porter, Mark L. TI An improved macroscale model for gas slip flow in porous media SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE low-Reynolds-number flows; porous media; rarefied gas ID TANGENTIAL MOMENTUM ACCOMMODATION; CIRCULAR-CYLINDERS; FLUID-FLOW; PERMEABILITY; CHANNELS; HOMOGENIZATION; MICROCHANNELS; COEFFICIENT; TRANSPORT; SURFACES AB We report on a refined macroscopic model for slightly compressible gas slip flow in porous media developed by upscaling the pore-scale boundary value problem. The macroscopic model is validated by comparisons with an analytic solution on a two-dimensional (2-D) ordered model structure and with direct numerical simulations on random microscale structures. The symmetry properties of the apparent slip-corrected permeability tensor in the macroscale momentum equation are analysed. Slip correction at the macroscopic scale is more accurately described if an expansion in the Knudsen number, beyond the first order considered so far, is employed at the closure level. Corrective terms beyond the first order are a signature of the curvature of solid-fluid interfaces at the pore scale that is incompletely captured by the classical first-order correction at the macroscale. With this expansion, the apparent slip-corrected permeability is shown to be the sum of the classical intrinsic permeability tensor and tensorial slip corrections at the successive orders of the Knudsen number. All the tensorial effective coefficients can be determined from intrinsic and coupled but easy-to-solve closure problems. It is further shown that the complete form of the slip boundary condition at the microscale must be considered and an important general feature of this slip condition at the different orders in the Knudsen number is highlighted. It justifies the importance of slip-flow correction terms beyond the first order in the Knudsen number in the macroscopic model and sheds more light on the physics of slip flow in the general case, especially for large porosity values. Nevertheless, this new nonlinear dependence of the apparent permeability with the Knudsen number should be further verified experimentally. C1 [Lasseux, Didier] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, ENSAM, IPB,I2M,UMR5295,Esplanade Arts & Metiers, F-33405 Talence, France. [Valdes Parada, Francisco J.] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Dept Ingn Proc & Hidraul, Ave San Rafael Atlixco 186, Mexico City 09340, DF, Mexico. [Porter, Mark L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth Syst Observat, MS D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lasseux, D (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, ENSAM, IPB,I2M,UMR5295,Esplanade Arts & Metiers, F-33405 Talence, France. EM didier.lasseux@ensam.eu FU CONACyT [12511908, 112087] FX FVP expresses his gratitude to Fondo Sectorial de Investigacion para la educacion from CONACyT (Project number: 12511908; Arrangement number: 112087) for the financial aid provided. Authors are thankful to L. Mieussens, B. Dubroca, S. Brull and P. Charrier from University of Bordeaux for fruitful discussions about the BGK method. Special thanks are due to an anonymous reviewer who brought to our attention the results obtained from this numerical approach. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 805 BP 118 EP 146 DI 10.1017/jfm.2016.562 PG 29 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA DX4DT UT WOS:000384332000009 ER PT J AU Cooper, P Martin, CS O'Hern, TJ AF Cooper, Paul Martin, C. Samuel O'Hern, Timothy J. TI History of the Fluids Engineering Division SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Joint ASME Meetings of the Summer Heat Transfer Conference (SHTC) / Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting (FEDSM) / International Conference on Nanochannels and Microchannels (ICNMM) CY JUL 10-14, 2016 CL Washington, DC SP ASME AB The 90th Anniversary of the Fluids Engineering Division (FED) of ASME will be celebrated on July 10-14, 2016 in Washington, DC. The venue is ASME's Summer Heat Transfer Conference (SHTC), Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting (FEDSM), and International Conference on Nanochannels and Microchannels (ICNMM). The occasion is an opportune time to celebrate and reflect on the origin of FED and its predecessor-the Hydraulic Division (HYD), which existed from 1926-1963. Therefore, the FED Executive Committee decided that it would be appropriate to publish concurrently a history of the HYD/FED. Accordingly, they commissioned Paul Cooper, C. Samuel Martin, and Timothy O'Hern to prepare this paper, which would document the division's past. A brief work in this direction had appeared in the 2010 FED Newsletter (Morgan, W.B., 2010, Brief History of ASME's Hydraulic/Fluids Engineering Division, Fluids Engineering Division Newsletter, New York, pp. 6-7), and the research by Martin for the present paper had been under way for several years prior to that (Cooper, P., 2010, "History of the FED," FED Executive Committee at the ASME-CSME Fluids Engineering Summer Conference (FEDSM-2010), Montreal, QC, Canada, Aug., p. 14). C1 [Cooper, Paul] 415 Pennington Titusville Rd, Titusville, NJ 08560 USA. [Martin, C. Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil Engn, 59 Barque Circle, South Dennis, MA 02660 USA. [O'Hern, Timothy J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cooper, P (reprint author), 415 Pennington Titusville Rd, Titusville, NJ 08560 USA. EM paul.cooper@verizon.net; csammartin@comcast.net; tjohern@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 SI SI AR 100802 DI 10.1115/1.4033976 PG 20 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW8EF UT WOS:000383886100004 ER PT J AU Nordquist, CD Branch, DW Pluym, T Choi, S Nguyen, JH Grine, A Dyck, CW Scott, SM Sing, MN Olsson, RH AF Nordquist, Christopher D. Branch, Darren W. Pluym, Tammy Choi, Sukwon Nguyen, Janet H. Grine, Alejandro Dyck, Christopher W. Scott, Sean M. Sing, Molly N. Olsson, Roy H., III TI MEMS switching of contour-mode aluminum nitride resonators for switchable and reconfigurable radio frequency filters SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE reconfigurable filters; piezoelectric transducers; radiofrequency microelectromechanical systems; aluminum nitride resonators ID MICRORESONATORS; SYSTEMS AB Switching of transducer coupling in aluminum nitride contour-mode resonators provides an enabling technology for future tunable and reconfigurable filters for multi-function RF systems. By using microelectromechanical capacitive switches to realize the transducer electrode fingers, coupling between the metal electrode finger and the piezoelectric material is modulated to change the response of the device. On/off switched width extensional resonators with an area of < 0.2 mm(2) demonstrate a Q of 2000, K-2 of 0.72, and >24 dB switching ratio at a resonator center frequency of 635 MHz. Other device examples include a 63 MHz resonator with switchable impedance and a 470 MHz resonator with 127 kHz of fine center frequency tuning accomplished by mass loading of the resonator with the MEMS switches. C1 [Nordquist, Christopher D.; Branch, Darren W.; Pluym, Tammy; Grine, Alejandro; Dyck, Christopher W.; Olsson, Roy H., III] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Choi, Sukwon] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nguyen, Janet H.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, RF Technol Grp, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. [Scott, Sean M.] Landauer, Glenwood, IL 60425 USA. [Sing, Molly N.] Texas Instruments Inc, Plano, TX 75023 USA. RP Nordquist, CD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM cdnordq@sandia.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories; DARPA RF FPGA program; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories and the DARPA RF FPGA program. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. These devices were fabricated in the Sandia MESAFab, and the authors thank the MESAFab operations team for fabrication contributions. M H Ballance, A Schiess, and G Grossetete provided test and measurement support. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0960-1317 EI 1361-6439 J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG JI J. Micromech. Microeng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 26 IS 10 AR 104001 DI 10.1088/0960-1317/26/10/104001 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA DX0CK UT WOS:000384028900001 ER PT J AU Muller, L Hamilton, LS Edwards, E Bouchard, KE Chang, EF AF Muller, Leah Hamilton, Liberty S. Edwards, Erik Bouchard, Kristofer E. Chang, Edward F. TI Spatial resolution dependence on spectral frequency in human speech cortex electrocorticography SO JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE electrocorticography; spatial; resolution; cortical surface; optimal spacing; ECoG array; human ID BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACES; LOCAL-FIELD POTENTIALS; FUNCTIONAL-ORGANIZATION; VISUAL-CORTEX; OSCILLATIONS; COGNITION; SIGNALS; SURFACE; MACAQUE AB Objective. Electrocorticography (ECoG) has become an important tool in human neuroscience and has tremendous potential for emerging applications in neural interface technology. Electrode array design parameters are outstanding issues for both research and clinical applications, and these parameters depend critically on the nature of the neural signals to be recorded. Here, we investigate the functional spatial resolution of neural signals recorded at the human cortical surface. We empirically derive spatial spread functions to quantify the shared neural activity for each frequency band of the electrocorticogram. Approach. Five subjects with high-density (4 mm center-to-center spacing) ECoG grid implants participated in speech perception and production tasks while neural activity was recorded from the speech cortex, including superior temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and postcentral gyrus. The cortical surface field potential was decomposed into traditional EEG frequency bands. Signal similarity between electrode pairs for each frequency band was quantified using a Pearson correlation coefficient. Main results. The correlation of neural activity between electrode pairs was inversely related to the distance between the electrodes; this relationship was used to quantify spatial falloff functions for cortical subdomains. As expected, lower frequencies remained correlated over larger distances than higher frequencies. However, both the envelope and phase of gamma and high gamma frequencies (30-150 Hz) are largely uncorrelated (<90%) at 4 mm, the smallest spacing of the high-density arrays. Thus, ECoG arrays smaller than 4 mm have significant promise for increasing signal resolution at high frequencies, whereas less additional gain is achieved for lower frequencies. Significance. Our findings quantitatively demonstrate the dependence of ECoG spatial resolution on the neural frequency of interest. We demonstrate that this relationship is consistent across patients and across cortical areas during activity. C1 [Muller, Leah; Hamilton, Liberty S.; Edwards, Erik; Chang, Edward F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol Surg, 675 Nelson Rising Lane,Room 511, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Muller, Leah; Hamilton, Liberty S.; Edwards, Erik; Chang, Edward F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, 675 Nelson Rising Lane,Room 511, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Muller, Leah] UC San Francisco, UC Berkeley, Joint Program Bioengn, San Francisco, CA USA. [Muller, Leah] UC San Francisco, Med Scientist Training Program, San Francisco, CA USA. [Hamilton, Liberty S.; Edwards, Erik; Chang, Edward F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Integrat Neurosci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bouchard, Kristofer E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Syst & Engn Div, Berkeley Hills, CA USA. RP Chang, EF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol Surg, 675 Nelson Rising Lane,Room 511, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.; Chang, EF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, 675 Nelson Rising Lane,Room 511, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.; Chang, EF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Integrat Neurosci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM edward.chang@ucsf.edu OI Hamilton, Liberty/0000-0003-0182-2500 FU NIH; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders [R01 DC012379 04]; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (Ruth L Kirschstein Postdoctoral NRSA) [F32DC014192-01]; DARPA SUBNETS [W911NF-14-2-0043]; William K. Bowes, Jr Foundation; Shurl and Kay Curci Foundation; McKnight Foundation FX The authors would like to thank M Leonard, D Moses, C Tang, M Sjerps, M Baud, B Dichter, D Conant, G Anumanchipalli, L Frank, C Schreiner, D Lowenstein, and M Maharbiz for helpful discussion on this work. This work was supported by grants from the NIH and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01 DC012379 04, to EFC, and a Ruth L Kirschstein Postdoctoral NRSA F32DC014192-01, to LSH), DARPA SUBNETS W911NF-14-2-0043, the William K. Bowes, Jr Foundation, the Shurl and Kay Curci Foundation, and the McKnight Foundation. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1741-2560 EI 1741-2552 J9 J NEURAL ENG JI J. Neural Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 13 IS 5 AR 056013 DI 10.1088/1741-2560/13/5/056013 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Neurosciences SC Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DX0MQ UT WOS:000384057600002 PM 27578414 ER PT J AU Xu, Q Su, XQ Ouyang, CM Xu, NN Cao, W Zhang, YP Li, Q Hu, C Gu, JQ Tian, Z Azad, AK Han, JG Zhang, WL AF Xu, Quan Su, Xiaoqiang Ouyang, Chunmei Xu, Ningning Cao, Wei Zhang, Yuping Li, Quan Hu, Cong Gu, Jianqiang Tian, Zhen Azad, Abul K. Han, Jiaguang Zhang, Weili TI Frequency-agile electromagnetically induced transparency analogue in terahertz metamaterials SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FANO RESONANCES; WAVE-GUIDE AB Recently reported active metamaterial analogues of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) are promising in developing novel optical components, such as active slow light devices. However, most of the previous works have focused on manipulating the EIT resonance strength at a fixed characteristic frequency and, therefore, realized onto-off switching responses. To further extend the functionalities of the EIT effect, here we present a frequency tunable EIT analogue in the terahertz regime by integrating photoactive silicon into the metamaterial unit cell. A tuning range from 0.82 to 0.74 THz for the EIT resonance frequency is experimentally observed by optical pump-terahertz probe measurements, allowing a frequency tunable group delay of the terahertz pulses. This straightforward approach delivers frequency agility of the EIT resonance and may enable novel ultrafast tunable devices for integrated plasmonic circuits. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Xu, Quan; Su, Xiaoqiang; Ouyang, Chunmei; Li, Quan; Gu, Jianqiang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Tianjin Univ, Ctr Terahertz Waves, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Xu, Quan; Su, Xiaoqiang; Ouyang, Chunmei; Li, Quan; Gu, Jianqiang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Tianjin Univ, Coll Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Xu, Quan; Su, Xiaoqiang; Ouyang, Chunmei; Li, Quan; Gu, Jianqiang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Minist Educ China, Key Lab Optoelect Informat & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Xu, Quan; Su, Xiaoqiang; Ouyang, Chunmei; Li, Quan; Gu, Jianqiang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Cooperat Innovat Ctr Terahertz Sci, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Xu, Ningning; Cao, Wei; Zhang, Weili] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Zhang, Yuping; Azad, Abul K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhang, Yuping] Shandong Univ Sci & Technol, Qingdao Key Lab Terahertz Technol, Qingdao 266510, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Hu, Cong] Guilin Univ Elect Technol, Guangxi Key Lab Automat Detecting Technol & Instr, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China. RP Ouyang, CM (reprint author), Tianjin Univ, Ctr Terahertz Waves, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.; Ouyang, CM (reprint author), Tianjin Univ, Coll Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.; Ouyang, CM (reprint author), Minist Educ China, Key Lab Optoelect Informat & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.; Ouyang, CM (reprint author), Cooperat Innovat Ctr Terahertz Sci, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. EM cmouyang@tju.edu.cn; aazad@lanl.gov; jiaghan@tju.edu.cn RI Zhang, Weili/C-5416-2011; OI Zhang, Weili/0000-0002-8591-0200; Azad, Abul/0000-0002-7784-7432 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB339800]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [61307125, 61138001, 61427814, 61422509, 61420106006, 61328503, 61205098]; Major National Development Project of Scientific Instruments and Equipment [2011YQ150021]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [ECCS-1232081]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, "PCSIRT" [IRT13033]; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments [YQ14207]; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB339800); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (61307125, 61138001, 61427814, 61422509, 61420106006, 61328503, 61205098); Major National Development Project of Scientific Instruments and Equipment (2011YQ150021); U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) (ECCS-1232081); Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, "PCSIRT" (IRT13033); Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments (YQ14207); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (DE-AC52-06NA25396). NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 33 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 19 BP 4562 EP 4565 DI 10.1364/OL.41.004562 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA DX1LG UT WOS:000384128300036 PM 27749881 ER PT J AU Lincoln, D Stuver, A AF Lincoln, Don Stuver, Amber TI Ripples in Reality SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Article C1 [Lincoln, Don] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Stuver, Amber] LIGO Livingston Observ, Livingston, LA USA. RP Lincoln, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM lincoln@fnal.gov; stuver@ligo-la.caltech.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 54 IS 7 BP 398 EP 403 DI 10.1119/1.4962773 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DX6CN UT WOS:000384470600011 ER PT J AU Albert, F Thomas, AGR AF Albert, Felicie Thomas, Alec G. R. TI Applications of laser wakefield accelerator-based light sources SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Review DE laser wakefield accelerator; x-rays; gamma-rays; THz radiation; applications ID NONLINEAR THOMSON SCATTERING; FREE-ELECTRON LASER; RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SHOCK-COMPRESSED MATTER; X-RAY; PLASMA ACCELERATOR; COMPTON-SCATTERING; GAMMA-RAYS; RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE; SOLID INTERACTIONS AB Laser-wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) were proposed more than three decades ago, and while they promise to deliver compact, high energy particle accelerators, they will also provide the scientific community with novel light sources. In a LWFA, where an intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma forms an electromagnetic wave in its wake, electrons can be trapped and are now routinely accelerated to GeV energies. From terahertz radiation to gamma-rays, this article reviews light sources from relativistic electrons produced by LWFAs, and discusses their potential applications. Betatron motion, Compton scattering and undulators respectively produce x-rays or gamma-rays by oscillating relativistic electrons in the wakefield behind the laser pulse, a counter-propagating laser field, or a magnetic undulator. Other LWFA-based light sources include bremsstrahlung and terahertz radiation. We first evaluate the performance of each of these light sources, and compare them with more conventional approaches, including radio frequency accelerators or other laser-driven sources. We have then identified applications, which we discuss in details, in a broad range of fields: medical and biological applications, military, defense and industrial applications, and condensed matter and high energy density science. C1 [Albert, Felicie] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF & Photon Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Thomas, Alec G. R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thomas, Alec G. R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thomas, Alec G. R.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thomas, Alec G. R.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Bailrigg LA1 4YW, England. RP Albert, F (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF & Photon Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM albert6@llnl.gov RI Albert, Felicie/G-2645-2013; OI Thomas, Alexander/0000-0003-3206-8512 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program [16-ERD-024, 16-ERD-041]; DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [SCW1461]; NSF under CAREER [1054164]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research Young Investigator Program [FA9550-12-1-0310] FX Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 at LLNL and supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program under tracking code 16-ERD-024 and 16-ERD-041. FA acknowledges support from the DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under SCW1461. AGRT acknowledges support from the NSF under CAREER Grant No. 1054164 and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Young Investigator Program under award number FA9550-12-1-0310. NR 299 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 41 U2 41 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD OCT PY 2016 VL 58 IS 10 AR 103001 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/58/10/103001 PG 35 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA DX1MO UT WOS:000384131700001 ER PT J AU Erdemir, A AF Erdemir, Ali TI Tribology and a sustainable ecology SO TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Erdemir, Ali] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Erdemir, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM erdemir@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1545-858X J9 TRIBOL LUBR TECHNOL JI Tribol. Lubr. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 72 IS 10 BP 4 EP 4 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DX0GU UT WOS:000384040600001 ER PT J AU Sheng, SW AF Sheng, Shuangwen TI Monitoring of Wind Turbine Gearbox Condition through Oil and Wear Debris Analysis: A Full-Scale Testing Perspective SO TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Wind turbine gearbox; oil condition monitoring; oil debris monitoring; oil sample analysis; wear debris analysis AB Despite the wind industry's dramatic development during the past decade, it is still challenged by premature turbine subsystem/component failures, especially for turbines rated above 1 MW Because a crane is needed for each replacement, gearboxes have been a focal point for improvement in reliability and availability. Condition monitoring (CM) is a technique that can help improve these factors, leading to reduced turbine operation and maintenance costs and, subsequently, lower cost of energy for wind power Although technical benefits of CM for the wind industry are normally recognized, there is a lack of published information on the advantages and limitations of each CM technique confirmed by objective data from full-scale tests. This article presents first-hand oil and wear debris analysis results obtained through tests that were based on full-scale wind turbine gearboxes rated at 750 kW The tests were conducted at the 2.5-MW dynamometer test facility at the National Wind Technology Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The gearboxes were tested in three conditions: run-in, healthy, and damaged. The investigated CM techniques include real-time oil condition and wear debris monitoring, both inline and online sensors, and offline oil sample and wear debris analysis, both onsite and offsite laboratories. The reported results and observations help increase wind industry awareness of the benefits and limitations of oil and debris analysis technologies and highlight the challenges in these technologies and other tribological fields for the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers and other organizations to help address, leading to extended gearbox service life. C1 [Sheng, Shuangwen] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sheng, SW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Wind and Water Power Technologies Office; SGS Herguth Laboratories; FEI Aspex FX The equipment from Parker Kittiwake, Macom Technologies/Poseidon Systems, and GasTOPS loaned to NREL and the support for conducting oil CM research are sincerely acknowledged. The support from SGS Herguth Laboratories and FEI Aspex is greatly appreciated. The author is also grateful for the support from the GRC dynamometer and field testing teams. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Funding for this work was provided by the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Wind and Water Power Technologies Office. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1545-858X J9 TRIBOL LUBR TECHNOL JI Tribol. Lubr. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 72 IS 10 BP 56 EP + PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DX0GU UT WOS:000384040600013 ER PT J AU Hanson, R Ickes, A Wallner, T AF Hanson, Reed Ickes, Andrew Wallner, Thomas TI Use of Adaptive Injection Strategies to Increase the Full Load Limit of RCCI Operation SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Dual-fuel combustion using port-injection of low reactivity fuel combined with direct injection (DI) of a higher reactivity fuel, otherwise known as reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI), has been shown as a method to achieve low-temperature combustion with moderate peak pressure rise rates, low engine-out soot and NOx emissions, and high indicated thermal efficiency. A key requirement for extending to high-load operation is moderating the reactivity of the premixed charge prior to the diesel injection. One way to accomplish this is to use a very low reactivity fuel such as natural gas. In this work, experimental testing was conducted on a 13 l multicylinder heavy-duty diesel engine modified to operate using RCCI combustion with port injection of natural gas and DI of diesel fuel. Engine testing was conducted at an engine speed of 1200 rpm over a wide variety of loads and injection conditions. The impact on dual-fuel engine performance and emissions with respect to varying the fuel injection parameters is quantified within this study. The injection strategies used in the work were found to affect the combustion process in similar ways to both conventional diesel combustion (CDC) and RCCI combustion for phasing control and emissions performance. As the load is increased, the port fuel injection (PFI) quantity was reduced to keep peak cylinder pressure (PCP) and maximum pressure rise rate (MPRR) under the imposed limits. Overall, the peak load using the new injection strategy was shown to reach 22 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) with a peak brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 47.6%. C1 [Hanson, Reed; Ickes, Andrew; Wallner, Thomas] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Hanson, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); National Energy Technology (NETL) office, under cooperative agreement "SuperTruck-Development and Demonstration of a Fuel-Efficient Class 8 Tractor Trailer" DOE [DE-EE0003303]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the National Energy Technology (NETL) office, under cooperative agreement "SuperTruck-Development and Demonstration of a Fuel-Efficient Class 8 Tractor & Trailer" DOE Contract No. DE-EE0003303. The authors wish to thank Roland Gravel, Gurpreet Singh, and Ken Howden of DOE and Ralph Nine of NETL for their continuing support.; Additionally, the authors would like to acknowledge Navistar for their continued partnership in this work thru the SuperTruckprogram, and acknowledge Jim Cigler, James Park, and Gengxin Han for their technical support and discussions. Crank-angle resolved data processing, including calculation of heat release, was performed using AVL Concerto. The authors wish to express their gratitude to the staff at AVL North America Inc. for their support.; The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in the said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 AR 102802 DI 10.1115/1.4032847 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW8EX UT WOS:000383888100010 ER PT J AU Upadhyay, MV Van Petegem, S Panzner, T Lebensohn, RA Van Swygenhoven, H AF Upadhyay, M. V. Van Petegem, S. Panzner, T. Lebensohn, R. A. Van Swygenhoven, H. TI Study of lattice strain evolution during biaxial deformation of stainless steel using a finite element and fast Fourier transform based multi-scale approach SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Biaxial stresses; Lattice strains; Multi-scale modeling; Finite element; Neutron diffraction ID SITU NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; OF-FLIGHT DIFFRACTION; CRUCIFORM SPECIMENS; METAL SHEETS; YIELD LOCI; VERIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; OVERLAP; TENSION; DESIGN AB A multi-scale elastic-plastic finite element and fast Fourier transform based approach is proposed to study lattice strain evolution during uniaxial and biaxial loading of stainless steel cruciform shaped samples. At the macroscale, finite element simulations capture the complex coupling between applied forces in the arms and gauge stresses induced by the cruciform geometry. The predicted gauge stresses are used as macroscopic boundary conditions to drive a mesoscale elasto-viscoplastic fast Fourier transform model, from which lattice strains are calculated for particular grain families. The calculated lattice strain evolution matches well with experimental values from in-situ neutron diffraction measurements and demonstrates that the spread in lattice strain evolution between different grain families decreases with increasing biaxial stress ratio. During equibiaxial loading, the model reveals that the lattice strain evolution in all grain families, and not just the 311 grain family, is representative of the polycrystalline response. A detailed quantitative analysis of the 200 and 220 grain family reveals that the contribution of elastic and plastic anisotropy to the lattice strain evolution significantly depends on the applied stress ratio. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Upadhyay, M. V.; Van Petegem, S.; Van Swygenhoven, H.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Panzner, T.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, NUM, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Lebensohn, R. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Van Swygenhoven, H.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Neutrons & Xrays Mech Mat, IMX, CH-1012 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Van Swygenhoven, H (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.; Van Swygenhoven, H (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Neutrons & Xrays Mech Mat, IMX, CH-1012 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM helena.vs@psi.ch RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008; OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; Upadhyay, Manas/0000-0001-6490-869X FU European Research Council [339245] FX MVU and HVS thank the European Research Council for financial support within the ERC-advanced grant MULTIAX (339245). NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 118 BP 28 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.07.028 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DW8WI UT WOS:000383935800004 ER PT J AU Zhu, CY Harrington, T Livescu, V Gray, GT Vecchio, KS AF Zhu, Chaoyi Harrington, Tyler Livescu, Veronica Gray, George T., III Vecchio, Kenneth S. TI Determination of geometrically necessary dislocations in large shear strain localization in aluminum SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Geometrically-necessary dislocations; Shear bands; Electron backscattered diffraction; Morphological anisotropy ID 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; FAILURE; EBSD; DIFFRACTION; TEXTURE; TITANIUM; DENSITY; BANDS AB In this paper, a systematic approach is presented to quantifying shear band evolution by quantifying geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) associated with morphological anisotropy in 7039-aluminum alloy using the compact forced-simple shear (CFSS) design. A statistically motivated approach, i.e. the line averaged GND density profile, has been developed to investigate the GND density near heavily deformed, shear band regions. Our study shows that: i) line average GND density profiles for the Al samples machined in the A-direction (transverse to pancake-shaped grains), B-direction (parallel to longitudinal pancake-shaped grains, shearing in through-thickness direction), C-direction (parallel to pancake-shaped grains, shearing in the in-plane direction) and D-direction (parallel and through the pancake-shaped grains) are nominally similar; ii) apart from 7039-aluminum alloy C-direction that has a uniform GND distribution in the direction normal to shear due to a grain-sliding mechanism, GND profiles for other samples decrease steadily away from the shear band as plastic strain diminishes, in agreement with Ashby's theory of work hardening, iii) anisotropy in damage evolution and shear-stress shear-strain response of 7039-aluminum alloy is associated with the grain structure of the material, i.e. morphological anisotropy creating variations in grain boundary interactions; iv) microbands formation in D-direction is associated with local GND peaks; v) stress-relief crack propagating along grain boundaries due to the presence of voids or inclusions generates a 'shielding effect' on neighboring grains; and vi) the line average GND density profile within a single grain usually varies inversely with the width of the grain for A-, B- and D-directions, leading to generally pronounced higher GND density near triple junctions. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Chaoyi; Harrington, Tyler; Vecchio, Kenneth S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, San Diego, CA 92131 USA. [Livescu, Veronica; Gray, George T., III] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vecchio, KS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, San Diego, CA 92131 USA. EM kvecchio@ucsd.edu OI Zhu, Chaoyi/0000-0001-7798-9484; Vecchio, Kenneth/0000-0003-0217-6803 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Joint DoD/DOE Munitions Technology Development Program FX Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The LANL work was partially sponsored by the Joint DoD/DOE Munitions Technology Development Program. Chaoyi Zhu would like to acknowledge insightful discussions with Dr. Ben Britton and Dr. Jun Jiang from Imperial College London. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 118 BP 383 EP 394 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.07.051 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DW8WI UT WOS:000383935800037 ER PT J AU Benjamin, N Harrison, SM Kachru, S Paquette, NM Whalen, D AF Benjamin, Nathan Harrison, Sarah M. Kachru, Shamit Paquette, Natalie M. Whalen, Daniel TI On the Elliptic Genera of Manifolds of Spin(7) Holonomy SO ANNALES HENRI POINCARE LA English DT Article ID MATHIEU-GROUP M-24; K3 SURFACES; REPRESENTATIONS; MODELS; GENUS AB Superstring compactification on a manifold of Spin(7) holonomy gives rise to a 2d worldsheet conformal field theory with an extended supersymmetry algebra. The superconformal algebra is extended by additional generators of spins 2 and 5/2, and instead of just superconformal symmetry one has a c = 12 realization of the symmetry group . In this paper, we compute the characters of this supergroup and decompose the elliptic genus of a general Spin(7) compactification in terms of these characters. We find suggestive relations to various sporadic groups, which are made more precise in a companion paper. C1 [Benjamin, Nathan; Kachru, Shamit; Paquette, Natalie M.; Whalen, Daniel] Stanford Univ, SITP, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Benjamin, Nathan; Kachru, Shamit; Paquette, Natalie M.; Whalen, Daniel] Stanford Univ, Theory Grp, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Harrison, Sarah M.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Fundamental Laws Nat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Benjamin, N (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SITP, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Benjamin, N (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Theory Grp, SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM nathansb@stanford.edu; sarharr@physics.harvard.edu; skachru@stanford.edu; npaquett@stanford.edu; dwhalen@stanford.edu OI Whalen, Daniel/0000-0001-5499-1944 FU Stanford Graduate Fellowship; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; Harvard University Lawrence Golub Fellowship in the Physical Sciences; NSF [PHY-0756174]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; John Templeton Foundation FX We would like to thank V. Buciumas, D. Bump, M. Cheng, X. Dong, J. Duncan, D. Ramirez, and T. Wrase for helpful discussions. We especially thank Ryan North of Dinosaur Comics (TM) for permission to use awesome graphics. N.B. is supported by a Stanford Graduate Fellowship and N.M.P. is supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. S.M.H. is supported by the Harvard University Lawrence Golub Fellowship in the Physical Sciences. S.K. and D.P.W. acknowledge the support of the NSF via grant PHY-0756174, DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences contract DE-AC02-76SF00515, and the John Templeton Foundation. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-0637 EI 1424-0661 J9 ANN HENRI POINCARE JI Ann. Henri Poincare PD OCT PY 2016 VL 17 IS 10 BP 2663 EP 2697 DI 10.1007/s00023-015-0454-5 PG 35 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DW2HR UT WOS:000383464000002 ER PT J AU Moon, S Huang, WD Li, ZL Wang, J AF Moon, Seoksu Huang, Weidi Li, Zhilong Wang, Jin TI End-of-injection fuel dribble of multi-hole diesel injector: Comprehensive investigation of phenomenon and discussion on control strategy SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Multi-hole diesel injector; End of injection; Fuel dribble; Fuel cavitation; Air ingestion ID HARD X-RAYS; VORTEX FLOW; CAVITATION; PRESSURE AB The needle shutdown of fuel injectors leads to an undesired fuel dribble that forms unburned hydrocarbons and decreases the engine thermal efficiency in modern engines. Understanding of the fuel dribbling process is of great importance to establish its minimization strategy for optimal use of conventional fuels. However, the detailed needle dynamics and in-and near-nozzle flow characteristics governing the fuel dribble process have not been thoroughly understood. In this study, the needle dynamics, in-and near-nozzle flow characteristics and fuel dribble of a mini-sac type three-hole diesel injector were investigated using a high-speed X-ray phase-contrast imaging technique at different injection pressures. The results showed that an increase in injection pressure increased the flow evacuation velocity at the needle close that induced a more intense fuel cavitation and air ingestion inside the nozzle. The fuel dribbling process showed a high shot-to-shot deviation. A statistical analysis of 50-shot results exhibited two breakup modes of fuel dribble determined by the flow evacuation velocity at the needle close and presence of air ingestion. In the first mode, the fast breakup with a short residence time of fuel dribble occurred. Meanwhile, the dripping of undisturbed liquid column with a long residence time of fuel dribble occurred in the second mode. An increase in injection pressure increased the population of the first mode due to more intense air ingestion that primarily caused by an increase in needle closing speed other than an increase in peak injection velocity. Based on the results, the formation mechanism and control strategies of the fuel dribble from modern diesel injectors were discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Moon, Seoksu; Huang, Weidi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Inst Energy Conservat, Tokyo, Japan. [Li, Zhilong; Wang, Jin] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Moon, S (reprint author), 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058564, Japan. EM ss.moon@aist.go.jp NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 7 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.116 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800002 ER PT J AU Wiser, R Bolinger, M Heath, G Keyser, D Lantz, E Macknick, J Mai, T Millstein, D AF Wiser, Ryan Bolinger, Mark Heath, Garvin Keyser, David Lantz, Eric Macknick, Jordan Mai, Trieu Millstein, Dev TI Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Potential benefits and secondary impacts SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Wind energy; Co-benefits; Greenhouse gases; Air pollution; Water use ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE POLICY; RENEWABLE ENERGY; ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; ECONOMIC-IMPACTS; NATURAL-GAS; ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; WATER-USE; LAND-USE AB We model scenarios of the U.S. electric sector in which wind generation reaches 10% of end-use electricity demand in 2020, 20% in 2030, and 35% in 2050. As shown in a companion paper, achieving these penetration levels would have significant implications for the wind industry and the broader electric sector. Compared to a baseline that assumes no new wind deployment, under the primary scenario modeled, achieving these penetrations imposes an incremental cost to electricity consumers of less than 1% through 2030. These cost implications, however, should be balanced against the variety of environmental and social implications of such a scenario. Relative to a baseline that assumes no new wind deployment, our analysis shows that the high-penetration wind scenario yields potential greenhouse-gas benefits of $85-$1,230 billion in present-value terms, with a central estimate of $400 billion. Air-pollution-related health benefits are estimated at $52-$272 billion, while annual electric-sector water withdrawals and consumption are lower by 15% and 23% in 2050, respectively. We also find that a high-wind-energy future would have implications for the diversity and risk of energy supply, local economic development, and land use and related local impacts on communities and ecosystems; however, these additional impacts may not greatly affect aggregate social welfare owing to their nature, in part, as resource transfers. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wiser, Ryan; Bolinger, Mark; Millstein, Dev] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Heath, Garvin; Keyser, David; Lantz, Eric; Macknick, Jordan; Mai, Trieu] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wiser, R (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rhwiser@lbl.gov; mabolinger@lbl.gov; garvin.heath@nrel.gov; david.keyser@nrel.gov; eric.lantz@nrel.gov; Jordan.macknick@nrel.gov; trieu.mai@nrel.gov; dmillstein@lbl.gov FU DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (Wind and Water Power Technologies Office) [AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank the many contributors to the analysis described in this paper: Ian Baring-Gould (NREL), Alberta Carpenter (NREL), Stuart Cohen (NREL), Ed Demeo (consultant), Edward Eugeni (SRA International), Thomas Jenkin (NREL), Venkat Krishnan (NREL), Jessica Lin-Powers (NREL), Jeff Logan (NREL), Andrew Mills (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), David Mulcahy (formerly NREL), Brian Naughton (Sandia), Arman Shehabi (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Suzanne Tegen (NREL), Rich Tusing (New West Energy), and Jose Zayas (DOE). This work was supported by DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (Wind and Water Power Technologies Office) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The opinions represented in this article are the authors' own and do not reflect the view of DOE or the U.S. Government. Any errors are the responsibility of the authors. NR 143 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 31 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 146 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.123 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800013 ER PT J AU Liang, X Hong, TZ Shen, GQ AF Liang, Xin Hong, Tianzhen Shen, Geoffrey Qiping TI Improving the accuracy of energy baseline models for commercial buildings with occupancy data SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Baseline model; Occupancy; Building energy use; Measurement and verification; Energy efficiency retrofit ID EFFICIENCY; VERIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; CHINA; BENCHMARKING; SIMULATION; STRATEGIES; DEMAND AB More than 80% of energy is consumed during operation phase of a building's life cycle, so energy efficiency retrofit for existing buildings is considered a promising way to reduce energy use in buildings. The investment strategies of retrofit depend on the ability to quantify energy savings by "measurement and verification" (M&V), which compares actual energy consumption to how much energy would have been used without retrofit (called the "baseline" of energy use). Although numerous models exist for predicting baseline of energy use, a critical limitation is that occupancy has not been included as a variable. However, occupancy rate is essential for energy consumption and was emphasized by previous studies. This study develops a new baseline model which is built upon the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) model but includes the use of building occupancy data. The study also proposes metrics to quantify the accuracy of prediction and the impacts of variables. However, the results show that including occupancy data does not significantly improve the accuracy of the baseline model, especially for HVAC load. The reasons are discussed further. In addition, sensitivity analysis is conducted to show the influence of parameters in baseline models. The results from this study can help us understand the influence of occupancy on energy use, improve energy baseline prediction by including the occupancy factor, reduce risks of M&V and facilitate investment strategies of energy efficiency retrofit. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liang, Xin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Int & Publ Affairs, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Liang, Xin; Hong, Tianzhen] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Bldg Technol & Urban Syst Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shen, Geoffrey Qiping] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Bldg & Real Estate, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Liang, X (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Bldg Technol & Urban Syst Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM liangxinpku@gmail.com; thong@lbl.gov OI Hong, Tianzhen/0000-0003-1886-9137 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [71271184]; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy through U.S.-China joint program of Clean Energy Research Center on Building Energy Efficiency [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71271184) and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. It is also supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 through the U.S.-China joint program of Clean Energy Research Center on Building Energy Efficiency. Authors appreciated Clinton Andrews of Rutgers University for providing the occupancy data of Building 101. This work is also part of the research activities of IEA EBC Annex 66, definition and simulation of occupant behavior in buildings. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 247 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.141 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800022 ER PT J AU Lantz, E Mai, T Wiser, RH Krishnan, V AF Lantz, Eric Mai, Trieu Wiser, Ryan H. Krishnan, Venkat TI Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Direct electric system impacts and costs SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Wind energy; Wind vision; Scenario modeling; Wind integration; Transmission ID ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; NATURAL-GAS; ENERGY; PENETRATION; SCENARIOS; US AB This paper evaluates potential changes in the power system associated with sustained growth in wind generation in the United States to 35% of end-use demand by 2050; Wiser et al. (2016) evaluate societal benefits and other impacts for this same scenario. Under reference or central conditions, the analysis finds cumulative wind capacity of 404 gigawatts (GW) would be required to reach this level and drive 2050 incremental electricity rate and cumulative electric sector savings of 2% and 3% respectively, relative to a scenario with no new wind capacity additions. Greater savings are estimated under higher fossil fuel costs or with greater advancements in wind technologies. Conversely, incremental costs are found when fossil fuel costs are lower than central assumptions or wind technology improvements are more-limited. Through 2030, the primary generation sources displaced by new wind capacity include natural gas and coal-fired generation. By 2050, wind could displace other renewables. Incremental new transmission infrastructure totaling 29 million megawatt-miles is estimated to be needed by 2050. In conjunction with related societal benefits, this work demonstrates that 35% wind energy by 2050 is plausible, could support enduring benefits, and could result in long-term consumer savings, if nearer-term (pre-2030) cost barriers are overcome; at the same time, these opportunities are not anticipated to be realized in their full form "under "business-as-usual" conditions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lantz, Eric; Mai, Trieu; Krishnan, Venkat] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy,RSF 300, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wiser, Ryan H.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lantz, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy,RSF 300, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM eric.lantz@nrel.gov; trieu.mai@nrel.gov; rhwiser@lbl.gov; venkat.krishnan@nrel.gov FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (Wind and Water Power Technologies Office) of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX We thank the many contributors to the analysis described in this paper: Chad Augustine (NREL), Stuart Cohen (NREL), Ed Demeo (consultant), Ed Eugeni (SRA International), David Feldman (NREL), Maureen Hand (NREL), Donna Heimiller (NREL), Brendan Kirby (consultant), Jessica Lin-Powers (NREL), Michael Milligan (NREL), David Mulcahy (formerly NREL), Patrick O'Connor (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Aaron Smith (NREL), Rich Tusing (New West Technologies), and Jose Zayas (DOE). We also thank Jeff Logan, Paul Schwabe, and Scott Gossett of NREL and Mary Lukkonen for their reviews and edits. This work was supported by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (Wind and Water Power Technologies Office) of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The opinions represented in this article are the authors' own and do not reflect the view of DOE or the U.S. government. Any and all errors are the responsibility of the authors. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 832 EP 846 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.023 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800067 ER PT J AU Odukomaiya, A Abu-Heiba, A Gluesenkamp, KR Abdelaziz, O Jackson, RK Daniel, C Graham, S Momen, AM AF Odukomaiya, Adewale Abu-Heiba, Ahmad Gluesenkamp, Kyle R. Abdelaziz, Omar Jackson, Roderick K. Daniel, Claus Graham, Samuel Momen, Ayyoub M. TI Thermal analysis of near-isothermal compressed gas energy storage system SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Energy storage; Compressed air; Micro pumped-hydro storage; Near-isothermal expansion/compression; Waste-heat utilization; Stirling cycle ID AIR; TECHNOLOGIES; CONVECTION; PLANT AB Due to the increasing generation capacity of intermittent renewable electricity sources and an electrical grid ill-equipped to handle the mismatch between electricity generation and use, the need for advanced energy storage technologies will continue to grow. Currently, pumped-storage hydroelectricity and compressed air energy storage are used for grid-scale energy storage, and batteries are used at smaller scales. However, prospects for expansion of these technologies suffer from geographic limitations (pumped storage hydroelectricity and compressed air energy storage), low roundtrip efficiency (compressed air energy storage), and high cost (batteries). Furthermore, pumped-storage hydroelectricity and compressed air energy storage are challenging to scale-down, while batteries are challenging to scale-up. In 2015, a novel compressed gas energy storage prototype system was developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In this paper, a near-isothermal modification to the system is proposed. In common with compressed air energy storage, the novel storage technology described in this paper is based on air compression/expansion. However, several novel features lead to near-isothermal processes, higher efficiency, greater system scalability, and the ability to site a system anywhere. The enabling features are utilization of hydraulic machines for expansion/compression, above-ground pressure vessels as the storage medium, spray cooling/heating, and waste-heat utilization. The base configuration of the novel storage system was introduced in a previous paper. This paper describes the results obtained from a transient, analytical, physics-based thermodynamic system model used for the system design and evaluation of three design configurations (including base configuration). The system model captures real gas effects and all loss mechanisms. The model demonstrates an energy storage roundtrip efficiency of 82% and energy density of 3.59 MJ/m(3). Experimental evaluation of system performance and detailed cost analysis will be presented in future publications. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Odukomaiya, Adewale; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, 801 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Abu-Heiba, Ahmad; Gluesenkamp, Kyle R.; Abdelaziz, Omar; Jackson, Roderick K.; Daniel, Claus; Graham, Samuel; Momen, Ayyoub M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Momen, AM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM aodukomaiya3@gatech.edu; abuheibaag@ornl.gov; gluesenkampk@ornl.gov; abdelazizoa@ornl.gov; jacksonrk@ornl.gov; danielc@ornl.gov; sgraham@gatech.edu; momena@ornl.gov OI Abu-Heiba, Ahmad/0000-0001-5335-6180; Odukomaiya, Adewale/0000-0002-9560-9964 FU ORNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program FX This work was sponsored by the ORNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 948 EP 960 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.059 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800076 ER PT J AU Walter, T Sohn, MD AF Walter, Travis Sohn, Michael D. TI A regression-based approach to estimating retrofit savings using the Building Performance Database SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Building energy data; Retrofit savings; Linear regression; Uncertainty ID ENERGY-CONSERVATION MEASURES; CONDITIONED OFFICE BUILDINGS; MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; EXISTING BUILDINGS; CONSUMPTION; UNCERTAINTY; MODELS; ELECTRICITY; STRATEGIES AB Retrofitting building systems is known to provide cost-effective energy savings. However, prioritizing retrofits and computing their expected energy savings and cost/benefits can be a complicated, costly, and an uncertain effort. Prioritizing retrofits for a portfolio of buildings can be even more difficult if the owner must determine different investment strategies for each of the buildings. Meanwhile, we are seeing greater availability of data on building energy use, characteristics, and equipment. These data provide opportunities for the development of algorithms that link building characteristics and retrofits empirically. In this paper we explore the potential of using such data for predicting the expected energy savings from equipment retrofits for a large number of buildings. We show that building data with statistical algorithms can provide savings estimates when detailed energy audits and physics-based simulations are not cost- or time-feasible. We develop a multivariate linear regression model with numerical predictors (e.g., operating hours, occupant density) and categorical indicator variables (e.g., climate zone, heating system type) to predict energy use intensity. The model quantifies the contribution of building characteristics and systems to energy use, and we use it to infer the expected savings when modifying particular equipment. We verify the model using residual analysis and cross-validation. We demonstrate the retrofit analysis by providing a probabilistic estimate of energy savings for several hypothetical building retrofits. We discuss the ways understanding the risk associated with retrofit investments can inform decision making. The contributions of this work are the development of a statistical model for estimating energy savings, its application to a large empirical building dataset, and a discussion of its use in informing building retrofit decisions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Walter, Travis; Sohn, Michael D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Walter, Travis] Univ Calif Berkeley, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Walter, T (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM twalter@lbl.gov; mdsohn@lbl.gov FU Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the DOE FX This work was performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under DOE contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. We gratefully acknowledge partial support from the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the DOE. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 996 EP 1005 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.087 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DV9WB UT WOS:000383291800080 ER PT J AU Tulub, AA AF Tulub, Alexander A. TI Magnesium cations assist with unpairing hydrogen-bonded 2-deoxyribose trinucleotides SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Magnesium cations; Oxidation states; Trinucleotides; Unpairing; Nucleotide transpositions ID NUCLEIC-ACID AB 2-deoxyribose trinucleotides are essential units for storage and transfer of the genetic information. Nucleotide transpositions in trinucleotide sequences affect production of different amino acids. The study focuses on the mechanism of unpairing initially H-bonded trinucleotides. In living cells, the unpairing proceeds through DNA polymerase operating only in the presence of Mg cations. The DNA polymerase is a very complex system to be studied quantum chemically. In our simplistic approach, the polymerase is replaced by two Mg cations attached to both sides of the complementary trinucleotides. A distinguished feature of Mg in cell is in its easiness to accept and donate the electron density. In a particular molecular configuration, this makes Mg singly charged. As to the current case, we observe an unpaired electron on the Mg+ and an unpaired electron on the trinucleotide - totally, a radical pair which coupling produces either triplet or singlet state. The study, based on the DFT B3 LYP (6-311G** basis set) computations, shows that the singlet state energetically is less preferable than the triplet state. The latter is unstable and makes the trinucleotide strands unpair in the region where the singlet and triplet states cross. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tulub, Alexander A.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700S, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Tulub, Alexander A.] St Petersburg State Univ, Univ Skaya Nab 7-9, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. RP Tulub, AA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700S, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Tulub, AA (reprint author), St Petersburg State Univ, Univ Skaya Nab 7-9, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. EM atulub@yahoo.co.uk FU NASA Ecology grant [NASA-05789-2015-(A)] FX The study is sponsored by the NASA Ecology grant NASA-05789-2015-(A). NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-9861 EI 1096-0384 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 607 BP 44 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.abb.2016.08.013 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA DW8RL UT WOS:000383923100007 PM 27555494 ER PT J AU Esposito, TM Fitzgerald, MP Graham, JR Kalas, P Lee, EJ Chiang, E Duchene, G Wang, J Millar-Blanchaer, MA Nielsen, E Ammons, SM Bruzzone, S De Rosa, RJ Draper, ZH Macintosh, B Marchis, F Metchev, SA Perrin, M Pueyo, L Rajan, A Rantakyro, FT Vega, D Wolff, S AF Esposito, Thomas M. Fitzgerald, Michael P. Graham, James R. Kalas, Paul Lee, Eve J. Chiang, Eugene Duchene, Gaspard Wang, Jason Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A. Nielsen, Eric Ammons, S. Mark Bruzzone, Sebastian De Rosa, Robert J. Draper, Zachary H. Macintosh, Bruce Marchis, Franck Metchev, Stanimir A. Perrin, Marshall Pueyo, Laurent Rajan, Abhijith Rantakyro, Fredrik T. Vega, David Wolff, Schuyler TI BRINGING "THE MOTH" TO LIGHT: A PLANET-SCULPTING SCENARIO FOR THE HD 61005 DEBRIS DISK SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: planetary systems; planet-disk interactions; stars: individual (HD 61005); techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: polarimetric ID SUN-LIKE STARS; EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; AU MICROSCOPII; BETA-PICTORIS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; ORBITAL PARAMETERS; POLARIZED-LIGHT; DUST DYNAMICS; INNER DISK AB The HD 61005 debris disk ("The Moth") stands out from the growing collection of spatially resolved circumstellar disks by virtue of its unusual swept-back morphology, brightness asymmetries, and dust ring offset. Despite several suggestions for the physical mechanisms creating these features, no definitive answer has been found. In this work, we demonstrate the plausibility of a scenario in which the disk material is shaped dynamically by an eccentric, inclined planet. We present new Keck NIRC2 scattered-light angular differential imaging of the disk at 1.2-2.3 mu m that further constrains its outer morphology (projected separations of 27-135 au). We also present complementary Gemini Planet Imager 1.6 mu m total intensity and polarized light detections that probe down to projected separations less than 10 au. To test our planet-sculpting hypothesis, we employed secular perturbation theory to construct parent body and dust distributions that informed scattered-light models. We found that this method produced models with morphological and photometric features similar to those seen in the data, supporting the premise of a planet-perturbed disk. Briefly, our results indicate a disk parent body population with a semimajor axis of 40-52 au and an interior planet with an eccentricity of at least 0.2. Many permutations of planet mass and semimajor axis are allowed, ranging from an Earth mass at 35 au to a Jupiter mass at 5 au. C1 [Esposito, Thomas M.; Fitzgerald, Michael P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Esposito, Thomas M.; Graham, James R.; Kalas, Paul; Lee, Eve J.; Chiang, Eugene; Duchene, Gaspard; Wang, Jason; De Rosa, Robert J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kalas, Paul; Nielsen, Eric; Marchis, Franck; Vega, David] Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, 189 Bernardo Ave, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Duchene, Gaspard] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Nielsen, Eric; Macintosh, Bruce] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ammons, S. Mark] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bruzzone, Sebastian; Metchev, Stanimir A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Planetary Sci & Explorat, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Draper, Zachary H.] Univ Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. [Draper, Zachary H.] Natl Res Council Canada Herzberg, 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Metchev, Stanimir A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Perrin, Marshall; Pueyo, Laurent] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Rajan, Abhijith] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, POB 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Rantakyro, Fredrik T.] Gemini Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Wolff, Schuyler] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Esposito, TM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Esposito, TM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tesposito@berkeley.edu OI Fitzgerald, Michael/0000-0002-0176-8973; Esposito, Thomas/0000-0002-0792-3719; Duchene, Gaspard/0000-0002-5092-6464; Wang, Jason/0000-0003-0774-6502 FU UCLA graduate research fellowship; NASA [NNX14AJ80G, NNX15AC89G]; NSF [AST-1518332, AST-1413718]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA's Science Mission Directorate grant [NNX15AD95G]; W.M. Keck Foundation FX The authors wish to thank the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions that improved this manuscript. T.E. was supported by a UCLA graduate research fellowship and in part by NASA Grants NNX14AJ80G, NNX15AC89G, and NSF AST-1518332. M.P.F. and G.D. recognize the support of the NSF (AST-1413718) in their work on GPIES. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The results reported herein also benefited from collaborations and/or information exchange within NASA's Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) research coordination network sponsored by NASA's Science Mission Directorate grant NNX15AD95G.; Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation and is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 152 IS 4 AR 85 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/4/85 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW7BB UT WOS:000383805000007 ER PT J AU Law, DR Cherinka, B Yan, RB Andrews, BH Bershady, MA Bizyaev, D Blanc, GA Blanton, MR Bolton, AS Brownstein, JR Bundy, K Chen, YM Drory, N D'Souza, R Fu, H Jones, A Kauffmann, G MacDonald, N Masters, KL Newman, JA Parejko, JK Sanchez-Gallego, JR Sanchez, SF Schlegel, DJ Thomas, D Wake, DA Weijmans, AM Westfall, KB Zhang, K AF Law, David R. Cherinka, Brian Yan, Renbin Andrews, Brett H. Bershady, Matthew A. Bizyaev, Dmitry Blanc, Guillermo A. Blanton, Michael R. Bolton, Adam S. Brownstein, Joel R. Bundy, Kevin Chen, Yanmei Drory, Niv D'Souza, Richard Fu, Hai Jones, Amy Kauffmann, Guinevere MacDonald, Nicholas Masters, Karen L. Newman, Jeffrey A. Parejko, John K. Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R. Sanchez, Sebastian F. Schlegel, David J. Thomas, Daniel Wake, David A. Weijmans, Anne-Marie Westfall, Kyle B. Zhang, Kai TI THE DATA REDUCTION PIPELINE FOR THE SDSS-IV MaNGA IFU GALAXY SURVEY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; surveys; techniques: imaging spectroscopy ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; INTEGRAL-FIELD SPECTROSCOPY; STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES; 2.5 M TELESCOPE; SURVEY DESIGN; EMISSION-LINES; DATA RELEASE; AREA SURVEY; NIGHT-SKY; PROTOTYPE OBSERVATIONS AB Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) is an optical fiber-bundle integral-field unit (IFU) spectroscopic survey that is one of three core programs in the fourth-generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV). With a spectral coverage of 3622-10354 angstrom and an average footpoint similar to 500 arcsec(2) per IFU the scientific data products derived from MaNGA will permit exploration of the internal structure of a statistically large sample of 10,000 low-redshift galaxies in unprecedented detail. Comprising 174 individually pluggable science and calibration IFUs with a near-constant data stream, MaNGA is expected to obtain similar to 100 million raw-frame spectra and similar to 10 million reduced galaxy spectra over the six-year lifetime of the survey. In this contribution, we describe the MaNGA Data Reduction Pipeline algorithms and centralized metadata framework that produce sky-subtracted spectrophotometrically calibrated spectra and rectified three-dimensional data cubes that combine individual dithered observations. For the 1390 galaxy data cubes released in Summer 2016 as part of SDSS-IV Data Release 13, we demonstrate that the MaNGA data have nearly Poisson-limited sky subtraction shortward of similar to 8500 angstrom and reach a typical 10 sigma limiting continuum surface brightness mu = 23.5 AB arcsec(-2) in a five-arcsecond-diameter aperture in the g-band. The wavelength calibration of the MaNGA data is accurate to 5 km s(-1) rms, with a median spatial resolution of 2.54 arcsec FWHM (1.8 kpc at the median redshift of 0.037) and a median spectral resolution of sigma = 72 km s(-1). C1 [Law, David R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Cherinka, Brian] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Yan, Renbin; Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R.; Zhang, Kai] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, 505 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Andrews, Brett H.; Newman, Jeffrey A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Andrews, Brett H.; Newman, Jeffrey A.] Univ Pittsburgh, PITT PACC, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Bershady, Matthew A.; Wake, David A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, 475 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bizyaev, Dmitry] Apache Point Observ, POB 59, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Blanc, Guillermo A.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Camino Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile. [Blanc, Guillermo A.] CATA, Camino Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile. [Blanton, Michael R.] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel R.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bundy, Kevin] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Todai Inst Adv Study, WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Chen, Yanmei] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, Yanmei] Nanjing Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Drory, Niv] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, McDonald Observ, 1 Univ Stn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [D'Souza, Richard; Jones, Amy; Kauffmann, Guinevere] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Fu, Hai] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [MacDonald, Nicholas; Parejko, John K.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Masters, Karen L.; Thomas, Daniel; Westfall, Kyle B.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth, Hants, England. [Sanchez, Sebastian F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, AP 70-264, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Schlegel, David J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wake, David A.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes, Bucks, England. [Weijmans, Anne-Marie] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. RP Law, DR (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM dlaw@stsci.edu OI Yan, Renbin/0000-0003-1025-1711 FU World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan; Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship; NSF [AST-1517006]; CONICYT/FONDECYT [11150220]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah; Carnegie Institution for Science; Carnegie Mellon University; Chilean Participation Group; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Johns Hopkins University; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching); Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg); National Astronomical Observatory of China; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory; United Kingdom Participation Group; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Arizona; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Portsmouth; University of Utah; University of Washington; University of Wisconsin; Vanderbilt University; Yale University FX This work was supported by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. A.W. acknowledges support of a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship. M.A.B. acknowledges support from NSF AST-1517006. G.B. is supported by CONICYT/FONDECYT, Programa de Iniciacion, Folio 11150220. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org.; SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. NR 74 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 152 IS 4 AR 83 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/4/83 PG 35 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW7BB UT WOS:000383805000005 ER PT J AU Lucas, DD Gowardhan, A Cameron-Smith, P Baskett, RL AF Lucas, Donald D. Gowardhan, Akshay Cameron-Smith, Philip Baskett, Ronald L. TI Impact of meteorological inflow uncertainty on tracer transport and source estimation in urban atmospheres SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Meteorological inflow uncertainty; Source estimation; Bayesian inversion ID OKLAHOMA-CITY; DISPERSION MODELS; PLUME DISPERSION; WIND-FIELD; PART I; FLOW; TRAJECTORIES; SIMULATIONS; SENSITIVITY; STATISTICS AB A computational Bayesian inverse technique is used to quantify the effects of meteorological inflow uncertainty on tracer transport and source estimation in a complex urban environment. We estimate a probability distribution of meteorological inflow by comparing wind observations to Monte Carlo simulations from the Aeolus model. Aeolus is a computational fluid dynamics model that simulates atmospheric and tracer flow around buildings and structures at meter-scale resolution. Uncertainty in the inflow is propagated through forward and backward Lagrangian dispersion calculations to determine the impact on tracer transport and the ability to estimate the release location of an unknown source. Our uncertainty methods are compared against measurements from an intensive observation period during the Joint Urban 2003 tracer release experiment conducted in Oklahoma City. The best estimate of the inflow at 50 m above ground for the selected period has a wind speed and direction of 4.6(-2.5)(+2.0) m s(-1) and 158.0(-23)(+16), where the uncertainty is a 95% confidence range. The wind speed values prescribed in previous studies differ from our best estimate by two or more standard deviations. Inflow probabilities are also used to weight backward dispersion plumes and produce a spatial map of likely tracer release locations. For the Oklahoma City case, this map pinpoints the location of the known release to within 20 m. By evaluating the dispersion patterns associated with other likely release locations, we further show that inflow uncertainty can explain the differences between simulated and measured tracer concentrations. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Lucas, Donald D.; Gowardhan, Akshay; Cameron-Smith, Philip; Baskett, Ronald L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lucas, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ddlucas@llnl.gov RI Cameron-Smith, Philip/E-2468-2011 OI Cameron-Smith, Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development at LLN [PLS-14ERD006] FX The authors thank G. Johannesson for valuable discussions about source inversion, and Livermore Computing for providing computational resources through an institutional allocation for the Monte Carlo simulations. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was funded by Laboratory Directed Research and Development at LLNL under project tracking code PLS-14ERD006. The manuscript is released under UCRL number LLNL-JRNL-676479. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 143 BP 120 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.019 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DW8VA UT WOS:000383932400011 ER PT J AU Perry, SG Heist, DK Brouwer, LH Monbureau, EM Brixey, LA AF Perry, S. G. Heist, D. K. Brouwer, L. H. Monbureau, E. M. Brixey, L. A. TI Characterization of pollutant dispersion near elongated buildings based on wind tunnel simulations SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Wind tunnel; Dispersion; Building wake; Modeling; Downwash; AERMOD ID CONFIGURATIONS; VALIDATION; MODEL; FLOW; WAKE AB This paper presents a wind tunnel study of the effects of elongated rectangular buildings on the dispersion of pollutants from nearby stacks. The study examines the influence of source location, building aspect ratio, and wind direction on pollutant dispersion with the goal of developing improved algorithms within dispersion models. The paper also examines the current AERMOD/PRIME modeling capabilities compared to wind tunnel observations. Differences in the amount of plume material entrained in the wake region downwind of a building for various source locations and source heights are illustrated with vertical and lateral concentration profiles. These profiles were parameterized using the Gaussian equation and show the influence of building/source configurations on those parameters. When the building is oriented at 45 to the approach flow, for example, the effective plume height descends more rapidly than it does for a perpendicular building, enhancing the resulting surface concentrations in the wake region. Buildings at angles to the wind cause a cross-wind shift in the location of the plume resulting from a lateral mean flow established in the building wake. These and other effects that are not well represented in many dispersion models are important considerations when developing improved algorithms to estimate the location and magnitude of concentrations downwind of elongated buildings. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Perry, S. G.; Heist, D. K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brouwer, L. H.; Brixey, L. A.] Jacobs Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Monbureau, E. M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Perry, SG (reprint author), MD 80,109 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM perry.steven@epa.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 142 BP 286 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.052 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DV9WO UT WOS:000383293100028 ER PT J AU Park, O Veloo, PS Sheen, DA Tao, YJ Egolfopoulus, FN Wang, H AF Park, Okjoo Veloo, Peter S. Sheen, David A. Tao, Yujie Egolfopoulus, Fokion N. Wang, Hai TI Chemical kinetic model uncertainty minimization through laminar flame speed measurements SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Laminar flame speeds; Uncertainty quantification; Kinetics; Chemical model development, Alkanes; Alkenes ID HYDROCARBON COMBUSTION; COUNTERFLOW IGNITION; OXYGENATED FUELS; HIGH-PRESSURES; RATE CONSTANTS; FLOW REACTOR; SHOCK-TUBE; MIXTURES; OXIDATION; OPTIMIZATION AB Laminar flame speed measurements were carried for mixture of air with eight C3-4 hydrocarbons (propene, propane, 1,3-butadiene, 1-butene, 2-butene, iso-butene, n-butane, and iso-butane) at the room temperature and ambient pressure. Along with C1-2 hydrocarbon data reported in a recent study, the entire dataset was used to demonstrate how laminar flame speed data can be utilized to explore and minimize the uncertainties in a reaction model for foundation fuels. The USC Mech II kinetic model was chosen as a case study. The method of uncertainty minimization using polynomial chaos expansions (MUM-PCE) (Sheen and Wang, 2011) was employed to constrain the model uncertainty for laminar flame speed predictions. Results demonstrate that a reaction model constrained only by the laminar flame speed values of methane/air flames notably reduces the uncertainty in the predictions of the laminar flame speeds of C-3 and C-4 alkanes, because the key chemical pathways of all of these flames are similar to each other. The uncertainty in model predictions for flames of unsaturated C3-4 hydrocarbons remain significant without considering fuel specific laminar flames speeds in the constraining target data set, because the secondary rate controlling reaction steps are different from those in the saturated alkanes. It is shown that the constraints provided by the laminar flame speeds of the foundation fuels could reduce notably the uncertainties in the predictions of laminar flame speeds of C-4 alcohol/air mixtures. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that an accurate prediction of the laminar flame speed of a particular C-4 alcohol/air mixture is better achieved through measurements for key molecular intermediates formed during the pyrolysis and oxidation of the parent fuel. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. C1 [Park, Okjoo; Egolfopoulus, Fokion N.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Veloo, Peter S.] Exponent, Los Angeles, CA 90066 USA. [Sheen, David A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Tao, Yujie; Wang, Hai] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Park, Okjoo] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Park, O (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM okjoo.park@gmail.com FU CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001198]; AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0472, FA9550-16-1-0051] FX This material is based upon work partially supported as part of the CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award number DE-SC0001198. Work was also partially supported by AFOSR under Grant nos. FA9550-12-1-0472 and FA9550-16-1-0051. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD OCT PY 2016 VL 172 BP 136 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.07.004 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DW8RE UT WOS:000383922400011 PM 27890938 ER PT J AU Krisman, A Hawkes, ER Talei, M Bhagatwala, A Chen, JH AF Krisman, Alex Hawkes, Evatt R. Talei, Monsen Bhagatwala, Ankit Chen, Jacqueline H. TI Characterisation of two-stage ignition in diesel engine-relevant thermochemical conditions using direct numerical simulation SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Diesel-relevant; Autoignition; Edge flame; Cool flame; Negative temperature coefficient; Direct numerical simulation ID N-HEPTANE/AIR MIXTURES; TURBULENT LIFTED FLAMES; EXPLOSIVE MODE ANALYSIS; DME/AIR COFLOW FLAMES; JET DIFFUSION FLAMES; HIGHLY-HEATED COFLOW; VITIATED CO-FLOW; PREMIXED COMBUSTION; STABILIZATION MECHANISM; HIGH-TEMPERATURE AB With the goal of providing a more detailed fundamental understanding of ignition processes in diesel engines, this study reports analysis of a direct numerical simulation (DNS) database. In the DNS, a pseudo turbulent mixing layer of dimethyl ether (DME) at 400 K and air at 900 K is simulated at a pressure of 40 atmospheres. At these conditions, DME exhibits a two-stage ignition and resides within the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) regime of ignition delay times, similar to diesel fuel. The analysis reveals a complex ignition process with several novel features. Autoignition occurs as a distributed, two-stage event. The high-temperature stage of ignition establishes edge flames that have a hybrid premixed/autoignition flame structure similar to that previously observed for lifted laminar flames at similar thermochemical conditions. A combustion mode analysis based on key radical species illustrates the multi-stage and multi-mode nature of the ignition process and highlights the substantial modelling challenge presented by diesel combustion. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Krisman, Alex; Bhagatwala, Ankit; Chen, Jacqueline H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 96551 USA. [Krisman, Alex; Hawkes, Evatt R.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Mech & Mfg Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Hawkes, Evatt R.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Photovolta & Renewable Energy Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Talei, Monsen] Univ Melbourne, Dept Mech Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Krisman, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 96551 USA. EM ankrism@sandia.gov RI Hawkes, Evatt/C-5307-2012 OI Hawkes, Evatt/0000-0003-0539-7951 FU Australian Research Council; Combustion Energy Frontier Research Center; Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001198]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Australian NCI National Facility through the National Computational Merit Allocation Scheme and Intersect Australia partner share; Pawsey Supercomputing Centre FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council. The work at Sandia National Laboratories was supported by the Combustion Energy Frontier Research Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award no. DE-SC0001198. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The research was supported by computational resources on the Australian NCI National Facility through the National Computational Merit Allocation Scheme and Intersect Australia partner share and by resources at the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD OCT PY 2016 VL 172 BP 326 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.06.010 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DW8RE UT WOS:000383922400027 ER PT J AU Hashemi, H Christensen, JM Gersen, S Levinsky, H Klippenstein, SJ Glarborg, P AF Hashemi, Hamid Christensen, Jakob M. Gersen, Sander Levinsky, Howard Klippenstein, Stephen J. Glarborg, Peter TI High-pressure oxidation of methane SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Methane; Ignition; High pressure; Reaction kinetics ID RAPID COMPRESSION MACHINE; IGNITION DELAY TIMES; TEMPERATURE RATE CONSTANTS; LAMINAR BURNING VELOCITY; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; CHEMICAL KINETIC DATABASE; REFLECTED SHOCK-TUBE; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; AIR MIXTURES; ELEMENTARY REACTIONS AB Methane oxidation at high pressures and intermediate temperatures was investigated in a laminar flow reactor and in a rapid compression machine (RCM). The flow-reactor experiments were conducted at 700-900 K and 100 bar for fuel-air equivalence ratios (Phi) ranging from 0.06 to 19.7, all highly diluted in nitrogen. It was found that under the investigated conditions, the onset temperature for methane oxidation ranged from 723 K under reducing conditions to 750 K under stoichiometric and oxidizing conditions. The RCM experiments were carried out at pressures of 15-80 bar and temperatures of 800-1250 K under stoichiometric and fuel-lean (Phi=0.5) conditions. Ignition delays, in the range of 1-100 ms, decreased monotonically with increasing pressure and temperature. A chemical kinetic model for high-pressure methane oxidation was established, with particular emphasis on the peroxide chemistry. The thermodynamic properties of CH3OO and CH3OOH, as well as the rate constants for the abstraction reactions CH3OOH + CH3 = CH3OO + CH4 and CH3OH + CH3 = CH3O + CH4, were calculated at a high level of theory. Model predictions were evaluated against the present data as well as shock tube data (1100-1700 K, 7-456 bar) and flame speeds (1-10 bar) from literature. The model yielded satisfactory predictions for the onset temperature as well as for most major species upon ignition in the flow reactor, but the concentration of particularly CH3OH was severely underpredicted, indicating that further work is desirable on reactions of CH3O and CH3OO. Measured ignition delay times from the RCM tests were reproduced well by the model for high pressures, but underpredicted at 15 bar. For the shock tube and flame conditions, predictions were mostly within the experimental uncertainty. Prompt dissociation of HCO increased predicted flame speeds by up to 4 cm s(-1) but had little impact under flow reactor, RCM or shock tube calculations. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hashemi, Hamid; Christensen, Jakob M.; Glarborg, Peter] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Chem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Gersen, Sander; Levinsky, Howard] DNV GL Oil & Gas, NL-9704 CA Groningen, Netherlands. [Levinsky, Howard] Univ Groningen, Energy & Sustainabil Res Inst, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands. [Klippenstein, Stephen J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hashemi, H (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Chem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM hah@kt.dtu.dk; pgl@kt.dtu.dk RI Hashemi, Hamid/H-7291-2014; Christensen, Jakob/C-1823-2014 OI Hashemi, Hamid/0000-0002-1002-0430; Christensen, Jakob/0000-0002-2495-8905 FU European Graduate School; MAN Diesel Turbo; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences , and Biosciences as part of the Argonne-Sandia Consortium on High-Pressure Combustion Chemistry [ANL FWP 59044] FX We thank Nicole J. Labbe for providing the software to calculate the prompt dissociation of weakly-bound radicals. Financial support from the European Graduate School and MAN Diesel & Turbo are gratefully acknowledged. The work is based in part on work at Argonne supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences as part of the Argonne-Sandia Consortium on High-Pressure Combustion Chemistry (ANL FWP 59044). NR 126 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD OCT PY 2016 VL 172 BP 349 EP 364 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.07.016 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DW8RE UT WOS:000383922400029 ER PT J AU Pless, J Arent, DJ Logan, J Cochran, J Zinaman, O AF Pless, Jacquelyn Arent, Douglas J. Logan, Jeffrey Cochran, Jaquelin Zinaman, Owen TI Quantifying the value of investing in distributed natural gas and renewable electricity systems as complements: Applications of discounted cash flow and real options analysis with stochastic inputs SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Real options; Project valuation; Energy sector; Renewable electricity; Natural gas ID COMMODITY PRICES; VALUATION AB One energy policy objective in the United States is to promote the adoption of technologies that provide consumers with stable, secure, and clean energy. Recent work provides anecdotal evidence of natural gas (NG) and renewable electricity (RE) synergies in the power sector, however few studies quantify the value of investing in NG and RE systems together as complements. This paper uses discounted cash flow analysis and real options analysis to value hybrid NG-RE systems in distributed applications, focusing on residential and commercial projects assumed to be located in the states of New York and Texas. Technology performance and operational risk profiles are modeled at the hourly level to capture variable RE output and NG prices are modeled stochastically as geometric Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) stochastic processes to capture NG price uncertainty. The findings consistently suggest that NG-RE hybrid distributed systems are more favorable investments in the applications studied relative to their single technology alternatives when incentives for renewables are available. In some cases, NG-only systems are the favorable investments. Understanding the value of investing, in NG-RE hybrid systems provides insights into one avenue towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions, given the important role of NG and RE in the power sector. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pless, Jacquelyn; Arent, Douglas J.] NREL, JISEA, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Pless, Jacquelyn] Univ Oxford, Inst New Econ Thinking, Eagle House,Walton Well Rd, Oxford OX2 6ED, England. [Logan, Jeffrey; Cochran, Jaquelin; Zinaman, Owen] NREL, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Pless, J (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Inst New Econ Thinking, Eagle House,Walton Well Rd, Oxford OX2 6ED, England. EM jacq.pless@gmail.com FU [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX The Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis is operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the University of Colorado-Boulder, the Colorado School of Mines, the Colorado State University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Stanford University. This analysis was prepared under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 and Task no. WWJI1022. The authors would like to thank the following expert reviewers for their comments and suggestions: Saurin Shah of Neuberger Berman, Matt Ferguson of Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton, one anonymous expert commenter, and two anonymous referees. The authors also would like to thank the participants of the Synergies of Natural Gas and Renewable Energy: 360 Degrees of Opportunity workshop series for their expertize and helping to inform this study, and particularly those who participated in the San Antonio, Texas Edition workshop in November 2014 for their invaluable feedback and comments on preliminary analyses. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 97 BP 378 EP 390 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.07.002 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DV9WM UT WOS:000383292900036 ER PT J AU McNeil, MA Feng, W du Can, SD Khanna, NZ Ke, J Zhou, N AF McNeil, Michael A. Feng, Wei du Can, Stephane de la Rue Khanna, Nina Zheng Ke, Jing Zhou, Nan TI Energy efficiency outlook in China's urban buildings sector through 2030 SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Energy efficiency policy; Energy demand modeling; Building sector China ID REDUCTION AB emission reduction impacts from the impleinentation of energy efficiency programs in the building sector in China. Policies considered include (1) accelerated building codes in residential and commercial buildings, (2) increased penetration of district heat metering and controls, (3) district heating efficiency improvement, (4) building energy efficiency labeling programs and (5) retrofits of existing commercial buildings. Among these programs, we found that the implementation of building codes provide by far the largest savings opportunity, leading to an overall 17% reduction in overall space heating and cooling demand relative to the baseline. Second are energy efficiency labels with 6%, followed by reductions of losses associated with district heating representing 4% reduction and finally, retrofits representing only about a 1% savings. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McNeil, Michael A.; Feng, Wei; du Can, Stephane de la Rue; Khanna, Nina Zheng; Ke, Jing; Zhou, Nan] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Div, Energy Technol Area, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R2121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP du Can, SD (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Div, Energy Technol Area, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R2121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sadelarueducan@lbl.gov FU Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Directed Research and Development under the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Directed Research and Development funding under the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Any errors or omissions are the authors' own. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 97 BP 532 EP 539 DI 10.1016/j.enpo1.2016.07.033 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DV9WM UT WOS:000383292900050 ER PT J AU Yelle, DJ Ralph, J AF Yelle, Daniel J. Ralph, John TI Characterizing phenol-formaldehyde adhesive cure chemistry within the wood cell wall SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES LA English DT Article DE Adhesives for wood; Phenolic; Wood and wood composites; Adhesion by chemical bonding; Arylglycerol-beta-aryl ether ID SOLUTION-STATE NMR; MODEL EXPERIMENTS; ALKALINE-DEGRADATION; TECHNICAL LIGNINS; ETHER STRUCTURES; KRAFT LIGNINS; DURCH ALKALI; WHITE LIQUOR; GLUE LINES; SPECTROSCOPY AB Adhesive bonding of wood using phenol-formaldehyde remains the industrial standard in wood product bond durability. Not only does this adhesive infiltrate the cell wall, it also is believed to form primary bonds with wood cell wall polymers, particularly guaiacyl lignin. However, the mechanism by which phenol-formaldehyde adhesive integrally interacts and bonds to lignin within the cell wall remains unclear. We used recently developed solubilization methodologies in conjunction with two-dimensional H-1-C-13 solution-state NMR spectroscopy of ball-milled pine earlywood and latewood bonded assemblies to characterize the chemical modification of wood cell wall polymers after phenol-formaldehyde curing at various cooking times. The results showed that the highly alkaline resin at 140 degrees C decreased the frequency of the principal arylglycerol-beta-aryl ether interunit linkage by eighty percent in earlywood and by twenty percent in latewood. The presence of newly formed diarylmethanes between guaiacyl lignin units and phenolic methylols was confirmed via NMR spectra of the aliphatic methylene and aromatic regions. The phenol-formaldehyde cure chemistry showed that o-p methylene bridges dominated in both earlywood and latewood cell walls, but the propensity of p-p substitution is higher in the latewood cell wall. Our results provide evidence for a simultaneous wood polymer degradation and guaiacyl unit C5 bond formation that occurs during phenol-formaldehyde curing. This competition may be necessary for developing good bond durability between the adhesive and wood. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yelle, Daniel J.] USDA Forest Serv, US Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Biochem, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Yelle, DJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, US Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dyelle@fs.fed.us FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX We thank Prof. Chip Frazier for very insightful discussions. JR was funded in part by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 30 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-7496 EI 1879-0127 J9 INT J ADHES ADHES JI Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 70 BP 26 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.05.002 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DV9YF UT WOS:000383297400004 ER PT J AU Kadioglu, SY Colak, V AF Kadioglu, Samet Y. Colak, Veli TI An Essentially Non-Oscillatory Spectral Deferred Correction Method for Conservation Laws SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Spectral deferred corrections (SDC) method; essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) method; piece-wise parabolic method (PPM); high resolution; high-order time-space accuracy; conservation laws ID ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; ARTIFICIAL COMPRESSION METHOD; SHOCK-CAPTURING SCHEMES; EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION; GAS-DYNAMICS; FLOW AB We present a computational method based on the Spectral Deferred Corrections (SDC) time integration technique and the Essentially Non-Oscillatory (ENO) finite volume method for the conservation laws (one-dimensional Euler equations). The SDC technique is used to advance the solutions in time with high-order of accuracy. The ENO method is used to define high-order cell edge quantities that are then used to evaluate numerical fluxes. The coupling of the SDC method with a high-order finite volume method (Piece-wise Parabolic Method (PPM)) for solving the conservation laws is first carried out by Layton et al. in [Layton, A. T. and Minion, M. L. [2004] "Conservative multi-implicit spectral deferred correction methods for reacting gas dynamics," J. Comput. Phys. 194(2), 697-714]. Issues about this approach have been addressed and some improvements have been added to it in [Kadioglu et al. [2012] "A gas dynamics method based on the spectral deferred corrections (SDC) time integration technique and the piecewise parabolic method (PPM)," Am. J. Comput. Math. 1-4, 303-317]. Here, we investigate the implications when the PPM method is replaced with the well-known ENO method. We note that the SDC-PPM method is fourth-order accurate in time and space. Therefore, we kept the order of accuracy of the ENO procedure as fourth-order in order to be able to make a consistent comparison between the two approaches (SDC-ENO versus SDC-PPM methods). We have tested the new SDC-ENO technique by solving several test problems involving moderate to strong shock waves and smooth/complex flow structures. Our numerical results show that we have numerically achieved the formally fourth-order convergence of the new method for smooth problems. Our numerical results also indicate that the newly proposed technique performs very well providing highly resolved shock discontinuities and fairly good contact solutions. More importantly, the discontinuities in the flow test problems are captured with essentially no-oscillations. We have numerically compared the fourth-order SDC-ENO scheme to the fourth-order SDC-PPM method for the same test problems. The results are similar for most of the test problems except in some cases the SDC-PPM method suffers from minor oscillations compared to SDC-ENO scheme being completely oscillation free. C1 [Kadioglu, Samet Y.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat Dept, POB 1625,MS 3840, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Kadioglu, Samet Y.; Colak, Veli] Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Engn Math, TR-34210 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Kadioglu, SY (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat Dept, POB 1625,MS 3840, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.; Kadioglu, SY (reprint author), Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Engn Math, TR-34210 Istanbul, Turkey. EM samet.kadioglu@inl.gov; vecolak@yildiz.edu.tr FU U.S. Government [DEAC07-05ID14517 (INL/JOU-15-36588)] FX The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under Contract No. DEAC07-05ID14517 (INL/JOU-15-36588). Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royaltyfree license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0219-8762 EI 1793-6969 J9 INT J COMP METH-SING JI Int. J. Comput. Methods PD OCT PY 2016 VL 13 IS 5 AR 1650027 DI 10.1142/S0219876216500274 PG 22 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA DW0QG UT WOS:000383345400008 ER PT J AU Dempsey, AB Curran, SJ Wagner, RM AF Dempsey, Adam B. Curran, Scott J. Wagner, Robert M. TI A perspective on the range of gasoline compression ignition combustion strategies for high engine efficiency and low NOx and soot emissions: Effects of in-cylinder fuel stratification SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Low temperature combustion; gasoline compression ignition; pollutant emissions reduction; advanced combustion engines; high-efficiency engines ID PARTIALLY PREMIXED COMBUSTION; LOW-TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION; DIESEL; SPRAY; MODEL AB Many research studies have shown that low temperature combustion in compression ignition engines has the ability to yield ultra-low NOx and soot emissions while maintaining high thermal efficiency. To achieve low temperature combustion, sufficient mixing time between the fuel and air in a globally dilute environment is required, thereby avoiding fuel-rich regions and reducing peak combustion temperatures, which significantly reduces soot and NOx formation, respectively. It has been demonstrated that achieving low temperature combustion with diesel fuel over a wide range of conditions is difficult because of its properties, namely, low volatility and high chemical reactivity. On the contrary, gasoline has a high volatility and low chemical reactivity, meaning it is easier to achieve the amount of premixing time required prior to autoignition to achieve low temperature combustion. In order to achieve low temperature combustion while meeting other constraints, such as low pressure rise rates and maintaining control over the timing of combustion, in-cylinder fuel stratification has been widely investigated for gasoline low temperature combustion engines. The level of fuel stratification is, in reality, a continuum ranging from fully premixed (i.e. homogeneous charge of fuel and air) to heavily stratified, heterogeneous operation, such as diesel combustion. However, to illustrate the impact of fuel stratification on gasoline compression ignition, the authors have identified three representative operating strategies: partial, moderate, and heavy fuel stratification. Thus, this article provides an overview and perspective of the current research efforts to develop engine operating strategies for achieving gasoline low temperature combustion in a compression ignition engine via fuel stratification. In this study, computational fluid dynamics modeling of the in-cylinder processes during the closed valve portion of the cycle was used to illustrate the opportunities and challenges associated with the various fuel stratification levels. C1 [Dempsey, Adam B.; Curran, Scott J.; Wagner, Robert M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Dempsey, AB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM dempsab@gmail.com FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory [10.13039/100006228 DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (10.13039/100006228 DE-AC05-00OR22725). NR 91 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1468-0874 EI 2041-3149 J9 INT J ENGINE RES JI Int. J. Engine Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 17 IS 8 BP 897 EP 917 DI 10.1177/1468087415621805 PG 21 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Transportation GA DW1YN UT WOS:000383440000008 ER PT J AU Busch, S Zha, K Warey, A Pesce, F Peterson, R AF Busch, Stephen Zha, Kan Warey, Alok Pesce, Francesco Peterson, Richard TI On the Reduction of Combustion Noise by a Close-Coupled Pilot Injection in a Small-Bore Direct-Injection Diesel Engine SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB For a pilot-main injection strategy in a single-cylinder light-duty diesel engine, the dwell between the pilot-and main-injection events can significantly impact combustion noise. As the solenoid energizing dwell decreases below 200 mu s, combustion noise decreases by approximately 3 dB and then increases again at shorter dwells. A zero-dimensional thermodynamic model has been developed to capture the combustion noise reduction mechanism; heat release (HR) profiles are the primary simulation input and approximating them as top-hat shapes preserves the noise reduction effect. A decomposition of the terms of the underlying thermodynamic equation reveals that the direct influence of HR on the temporal variation of cylinder pressure is primarily responsible for the trend in combustion noise. Fourier analyses reveal the mechanism responsible for the reduction in combustion noise as a destructive interference in the frequency range between approximately 1 kHz and 3 kHz. This interference is dependent on the timing of increases in cylinder pressure during pilot HR relative to those during main HR. The mechanism by which combustion noise is attenuated is fundamentally different from the traditional noise reduction that occurs with the use of long-dwell pilot injections, for which noise is reduced primarily by shortening the ignition delay of the main injection. Band-pass filtering of measured cylinder pressure traces provides evidence of this noise reduction mechanism in the real engine. When this close-coupled pilot noise reduction mechanism is active, metrics derived from cylinder pressure such as the location of 50% HR, peak HR rates, and peak rates of pressure rise cannot be used reliably to predict trends in combustion noise. The quantity and peak value of the pilot HR affect the combustion noise reduction mechanism, and maximum noise reduction is achieved when the height and steepness of the pilot HR profile are similar to the initial rise of the main HR event. A variation of the initial rise rate of the main HR event reveals trends in combustion noise that are the opposite of what would happen in the absence of a close-coupled pilot. The noise reduction mechanism shown in this work may be a powerful tool to improve the tradeoffs among fuel efficiency, pollutant emissions, and combustion noise. C1 [Busch, Stephen; Zha, Kan] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Warey, Alok; Peterson, Richard] Gen Motors, Warren, MI 48093 USA. [Pesce, Francesco] Gen Motors, I-10129 Turin, Italy. RP Busch, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sbusch@sandia.gov; kzha@sandia.gov; alok.warey@gm.com; francesco_concetto.pesce@gm.com; richard.peterson@gm.com OI Zha, Kan/0000-0002-5578-1081 FU United States Department of Energy (Office of Vehicle Technologies); General Motors Corporation [FI083070326]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Support for this work was provided by the United States Department of Energy (Office of Vehicle Technologies) and by General Motors Corporation (Agreement No. FI083070326). This work was performed at the Combustion Research Facility of Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, California. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 AR 102804 DI 10.1115/1.4032864 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW8EX UT WOS:000383888100012 ER PT J AU Van Dam, N Rutland, C AF Van Dam, Noah Rutland, Chris TI Understanding In-Cylinder Flow Variability Using Large-Eddy Simulations SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Multicycle large-eddy simulations (LES) of motored flow in an optical engine housed at the University of Michigan have been performed. The simulated flow field is compared against particle image velocimetry (PIV) data in several cutting planes. Circular statistical methods have been used to isolate the contributions to overall turbulent fluctuations from changes in flow direction or magnitude. High levels of turbulence, as indicated by high velocity root mean square (RMS) values, exist in relatively large regions of the combustion chamber. But the circular standard deviation (CSD), a measure of the variability in flow direction independent of velocity magnitude, is much more limited to specific regions or points, indicating that much of the turbulence is from variable flow magnitude rather than variable flow direction. Using the CSD is also a promising method to identify critical points, such as vortex centers or stagnation points, within the flow, which may prove useful for future engine designers. C1 [Van Dam, Noah] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Engn Res Bldg,Room 1008, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rutland, Chris] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Engn Res Bldg,Room 1018B,1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Van Dam, Noah] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Van Dam, N (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Engn Res Bldg,Room 1008, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Van Dam, N (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM nvandam@wisc.edu; rutland@engr.wisc.edu OI Van Dam, Noah/0000-0002-8786-0550 FU University of Wisconsin-General Motors Collaborative Research Laboratory (UW-GM CRL) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the University of Michigan for providing the experimental data as part of the LES Working Group. This work was funded through the University of Wisconsin-General Motors Collaborative Research Laboratory (UW-GM CRL). NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 10 AR 102809 DI 10.1115/1.4033064 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW8EX UT WOS:000383888100017 ER PT J AU Yu, BB Karr, DG Song, HM Sirnivas, S AF Yu, Bingbin Karr, Dale G. Song, Huimin Sirnivas, Senu TI A Surface Ice Module for Wind Turbine Dynamic Response Simulation Using FAST SO JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE MECHANICS AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE ice mechanics; offshore wind turbine; FAST; numerical simulation AB Developing offshore wind energy has become more and more serious worldwide in recent years. Many of the promising offshore wind farm locations are in cold regions that may have ice cover during wintertime. The challenge of possible ice loads on offshore wind turbines raises the demand of modeling capacity of dynamic wind turbine response under the joint action of ice, wind, wave, and current. The simulation software FAST is an open source computer-aided engineering (CAE) package maintained by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. In this paper, a new module of FAST for assessing the dynamic response of offshore wind turbines subjected to ice forcing is presented. In the ice module, several models are presented which involve both prescribed forcing and coupled response. For conditions in which the ice forcing is essentially decoupled from the structural response, ice forces are established from existing models for brittle and ductile ice failure. For conditions in which the ice failure and the structural response are coupled, such as lock-in conditions, a rate-dependent ice model is described, which is developed in conjunction with a new modularization framework for FAST. In this paper, analytical ice mechanics models are presented that incorporate ice floe forcing, deformation, and failure. For lower speeds, forces slowly build until the ice strength is reached and ice fails resulting in a quasi-static condition. For intermediate speeds, the ice failure can be coupled with the structural response and resulting in coinciding periods of the ice failure and the structural response. A third regime occurs at high speeds of encounter in which brittle fracturing of the ice feature occurs in a random pattern, which results in a random vibration excitation of the structure. An example wind turbine response is simulated under ice loading of each of the presented models. This module adds to FAST the capabilities for analyzing the response of wind turbines subjected to forces resulting from ice impact on the turbine support structure. The conditions considered in this module are specifically addressed in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 19906: 2010 for arctic offshore structures design consideration. Special consideration of lock-in vibrations is required due to the detrimental effects of such response with regard to fatigue and foundation/soil response. The use of FAST for transient, time domain simulation with the new ice module is well suited for such analyses. C1 [Yu, Bingbin; Karr, Dale G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Song, Huimin; Sirnivas, Senu] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Yu, BB (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM ybingbin@umich.edu; dgkarr@umich.edu; Huimin.Song@nrel.gov; Senu.Sirnivas@nrel.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0892-7219 EI 1528-896X J9 J OFFSHORE MECH ARCT JI J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 5 AR 051501 DI 10.1115/1.4033001 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA DW7YX UT WOS:000383870900006 ER PT J AU Cooper, MWD Kuganathan, N Burr, PA Rushton, MJD Grimes, RW Stanek, CR Andersson, DA AF Cooper, M. W. D. Kuganathan, N. Burr, P. A. Rushton, M. J. D. Grimes, R. W. Stanek, C. R. Andersson, D. A. TI Development of Xe and Kr empirical potentials for CeO2, ThO2, UO2 and PuO2, combining DFT with high temperature MD SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamics; empirical potentials; atomic interactions; fission gas; nuclear fuel ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FISSION-GAS; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; PLUS U; IRRADIATION; SIMULATION; DIFFUSION; DEFECTS; RELEASE AB The development of embedded atom method (EAM) many-body potentials for actinide oxides and associated mixed oxide (MOX) systems has motivated the development of a complementary parameter set for gas-actinide and gas-oxygen interactions. A comprehensive set of density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to study Xe and Kr incorporation at a number of sites in CeO2, ThO2, UO2 and PuO2. These structures were used to fit a potential, which was used to generate molecular dynamics (MD) configurations incorporating Xe and Kr at 300 K, 1500 K, 3000 K and 5000 K. Subsequent matching to the forces predicted by DFT for these MD configurations was used to refine the potential set. This fitting approach ensured weighted fitting to configurations that are thermodynamically significant over a broad temperature range, while avoiding computationally expensive DFT-MD calculations. The resultant gas potentials were validated against DFT trapping energies and are suitable for simulating combinations of Xe and Kr in solid solutions of CeO2, ThO2, UO2 and PuO2, providing a powerful tool for the atomistic simulation of conventional nuclear reactor fuel UO2 as well as advanced MOX fuels. C1 [Cooper, M. W. D.; Stanek, C. R.; Andersson, D. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kuganathan, N.; Rushton, M. J. D.; Grimes, R. W.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Burr, P. A.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Cooper, MWD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cooper_m@lanl.gov OI Rushton, Michael/0000-0001-7650-4377 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling Simulation (NEAMS) program; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; EPSRC as part of the INDO-UK project [EP/K00817X/1] FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling Simulation (NEAMS) program. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. Computational resources for DFT calculations were provided by the Imperial College London HPC facility, UK, the Australian national computational intrastructure NCI-Raijin and the the multi-modal Australian sciences imaging and visualisation environment (MASSIVE). Funding for N Kuganathan was provided by the EPSRC, grant number EP/K00817X/1, as part of the INDO-UK project. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 18 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 40 AR 405401 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/40/405401 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AX UT WOS:000383804500010 PM 27549186 ER PT J AU Galvin, COT Cooper, MWD Fossati, PCM Stanek, CR Grimes, RW Andersson, DA AF Galvin, C. O. T. Cooper, M. W. D. Fossati, P. C. M. Stanek, C. R. Grimes, R. W. Andersson, D. A. TI Pipe and grain boundary diffusion of He in UO2 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamics; He diffusion; dislocation; grain boundary; UO2 ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; INTRAGRANULAR FISSION-GAS; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; BUBBLE NUCLEATION; HELIUM; DISLOCATIONS; FUEL; IRRADIATION; BEHAVIOR AB Molecular dynamics simulations have been conducted to study the effects of dislocations and grain boundaries on He diffusion in UO2. Calculations were carried out for the {100}, {110} and {111} < 110 > edge dislocations, the screw < 110 > dislocation and Sigma 5, Sigma 13, Sigma 19 and Sigma 25 tilt grain boundaries. He diffusivity as a function of distance from the dislocation core and grain boundaries was investigated for the temperature range 2300-3000 K. An enhancement in diffusivity was predicted within 20 angstrom of the dislocations or grain boundaries. Further investigation showed that He diffusion in the edge dislocations follows anisotropic behaviour along the dislocation core, suggesting that pipe diffusion occurs. An Arrhenius plot of He diffusivity against the inverse of temperature was also presented and the activation energy calculated for each structure, as a function of distance from the dislocation or grain boundary. C1 [Galvin, C. O. T.; Fossati, P. C. M.; Grimes, R. W.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Cooper, M. W. D.; Stanek, C. R.; Andersson, D. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Grimes, RW (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM r.grimes@imperial.ac.uk FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Energy, through the Consortium for Advanced Simulations of Light Water Reactors (CASL); Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) programs; National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; PACIFIC project [EP/L018616/1] FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Office of Nuclear Energy, through the Consortium for Advanced Simulations of Light Water Reactors (CASL) and Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) programs. Computational resources were provided be the Imperial College High Performance Computing Service and Los Alamos National Laboratory. The Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. P C M Fossati would like to acknowledge the H2020 pilot projects TASTEFUL and MECHAFUEL. R W Grimes would like to acknowledge support from the PACIFIC project, Grant No. EP/L018616/1. M J D Rushton is acknowledged for useful insight for NEB calculations. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 40 AR 405002 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/40/405002 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AX UT WOS:000383804500008 PM 27537341 ER PT J AU Halder, A Kresin, VV AF Halder, Avik Kresin, Vitaly V. TI Energies and densities of electrons confined in elliptical and ellipsoidal quantum dots SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE quantum dots; nanoclusters; self-consistent field; Thomas-Fermi theory ID SIMPLE METAL-CLUSTERS; THOMAS-FERMI; ARTIFICIAL ATOMS; SPECTROSCOPY; PHYSICS AB We consider a droplet of electrons confined within an external harmonic potential well of elliptical or ellipsoidal shape, a geometry commonly encountered in work with semiconductor quantum dots and other nanoscale or mesoscale structures. For droplet sizes exceeding the effective Bohr radius, the dominant contribution to average system parameters in the Thomas-Fermi approximation comes from the potential energy terms, which allows us to derive expressions describing the electron droplet's shape and dimensions, its density, total and capacitive energy, and chemical potential. The analytical results are in very good agreement with experimental data and numerical calculations, and make it possible to follow the dependence of the properties of the system on its parameters (the total number of electrons, the axial ratios and curvatures of the confinement potential, and the dielectric constant of the material). An interesting feature is that the eccentricity of the electron droplet is not the same as that of its confining potential well. C1 [Halder, Avik] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Halder, Avik; Kresin, Vitaly V.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90404 USA. RP Halder, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Halder, A (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90404 USA. EM ahalder@anl.gov; kresin@usc.edu OI Kresin, Vitaly/0000-0002-6226-4576 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-1206334]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC-02-06CH11357] FX This research was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1206334. A.H. acknowledges the support by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-AC-02-06CH11357. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 39 AR 395302 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/39/395302 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AQ UT WOS:000383803700010 PM 27502044 ER PT J AU Hammouri, M Fohtung, E Vasiliev, I AF Hammouri, Mahmoud Fohtung, Edwin Vasiliev, Igor TI Ab initio study of magnetoelectric coupling in La0.66Sr0.33MnO3/PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 multiferroic heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE electronic structure; density functional theory; multiferroics; perovskites; heterostructures; magnetoelectric coupling ID FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; POLARIZATION; STRAIN; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; PHYSICS; FILMS AB Multiferroic heterostructures composed of thin layers of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric perovskites have attracted considerable attention in recent years. We apply ab initio computational methods based on density functional theory to study the magnetoelectric coupling at the (001) interface between La0.66Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) and PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (PZT). Our study demonstrates that the ferroelectric polarization of PZT has a strong influence on the distribution of magnetization in LSMO. The presence of polarized PZT changes the balance between the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states of LSMO. The observed interfacial magnetoelectric effect can be explained by the variation of the charge density across the LSMO/ PZT interface and by the change of the magnetic order in the LSMO layer adjacent to PZT. C1 [Hammouri, Mahmoud; Fohtung, Edwin; Vasiliev, Igor] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Fohtung, Edwin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Expt Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vasiliev, I (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM vasiliev@nmsu.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0363]; New Mexico State University Graduate Research Enhancement Grant; LANSCE Professorship - National Security Education Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory [257827] FX This research was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under award No FA9550-14-1-0363 and by a New Mexico State University Graduate Research Enhancement Grant. EF also acknowledges support from the LANSCE Professorship sponsored by the National Security Education Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory under subcontract No 257827. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 39 AR 396004 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/39/396004 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AQ UT WOS:000383803700023 PM 27494690 ER PT J AU Ma, YC Lu, CM Wang, XW Du, XL Li, LJ Petrovic, C AF Ma, Yongchang Lu, Cuimin Wang, Xuewei Du, Xueli Li, Lijun Petrovic, Cedomir TI Field-induced dielectric response saturation in o-TaS3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE dielectric constant; tunnelling; soliton ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; CONDUCTIVITY; CRYSTALS; CREATION; TAS3 AB We investigated dependence of the dielectric properties on temperature and electric field below 50 K along the chain direction of o-TaS3. With external electric field increase, two threshold features could be identified. For electric fields somewhat larger than the lower threshold E-T', the dielectric constant starts to decrease whereas the conductivity increases due to the tunnelling of solitons. For higher external electric field we observe a saturation of dielectric response and analyze that the possible reasons may be related to the polarization behavior of charged solitons. With a decrease in temperature, the effect of external field on the dielectric response of the system weakens gradually and at 13 K it diminishes due to soliton freezing. C1 [Ma, Yongchang; Lu, Cuimin; Wang, Xuewei; Du, Xueli] Tianjin Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China. [Ma, Yongchang; Li, Lijun; Petrovic, Cedomir] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ma, Yongchang] Tianjin Univ Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Display Mat & Photoelect Devices, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China. [Lu, Cuimin] Tianjin Key Lab Photoelect Mat & Devices, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China. [Li, Lijun] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mat Phys, Inst Solid State Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. RP Ma, YC (reprint author), Tianjin Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China.; Ma, YC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.; Ma, YC (reprint author), Tianjin Univ Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Display Mat & Photoelect Devices, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China. EM ycma@tjut.edu.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [10704054]; US DOE [DE-SC00112704] FX The authors are very grateful for instructive discussions with Toru Matsuura. The research work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10704054). Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the US DOE, Contract No. DE-SC00112704. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 39 AR 395901 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/39/395901 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AQ UT WOS:000383803700018 ER PT J AU Majewski, PW Yager, KG AF Majewski, Pawel W. Yager, Kevin G. TI Rapid ordering of block copolymer thin films SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review DE annealing; block copolymer; grain size; image analysis; ordering kinetics; morphology characterization; x-ray scattering ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; PS-B-PMMA; SYMMETRIC DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; MOVING TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT; ELECTRIC-FIELD ALIGNMENT; SELECTIVELY ASSOCIATING HOMOPOLYMER; CONTROLLED INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS; PERPENDICULARLY ORIENTED LAMELLAE; SEQUENTIAL INFILTRATION SYNTHESIS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION TRANSITION AB Block-copolymers self-assemble into diverse morphologies, where nanoscale order can be finely tuned via block architecture and processing conditions. However, the ultimate usage of these materials in real-world applications may be hampered by the extremely long thermal annealing times-hours or days-required to achieve good order. Here, we provide an overview of the fundamentals of block-copolymer self-assembly kinetics, and review the techniques that have been demonstrated to influence, and enhance, these ordering kinetics. We discuss the inherent tradeoffs between oven annealing, solvent annealing, microwave annealing, zone annealing, and other directed self-assembly methods; including an assessment of spatial and temporal characteristics. We also review both real-space and reciprocal-space analysis techniques for quantifying order in these systems. C1 [Majewski, Pawel W.; Yager, Kevin G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Majewski, Pawel W.] Univ Warsaw, Dept Chem, Warsaw, Poland. RP Yager, KG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kyager@bnl.gov FU US DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704] FX This work took place at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a US DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. NR 599 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 55 U2 58 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 40 AR 403002 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/40/403002 PG 37 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AX UT WOS:000383804500002 PM 27537062 ER PT J AU von Rudorff, GF Jakobsen, R Rosso, KM Blumberger, J AF von Rudorff, Guido Falk Jakobsen, Rasmus Rosso, Kevin M. Blumberger, Jochen TI Hematite(001)-liquid water interface from hybrid density functional-based molecular dynamics SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE transition metal oxide; solvation structure; hybrid functional; hematite; surface termination; hydrogen bonds; autoionization ID ALPHA-FE2O3 CRYSTAL FACES; LIQUID WATER; HYDROGEN-BOND; 0001 SURFACE; ANATASE TIO2(101); HEMATITE; ADSORPTION; REACTIVITY; HYDRATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB The atom-scale characterisation of interfaces between transition metal oxides and liquid water is fundamental to our mechanistic understanding of diverse phenomena ranging from crystal growth to biogeochemical transformations to solar fuel production. Here we report on the results of large-scale hybrid density functional theory-based molecular dynamics simulations for the hematite(001)-liquid water interface. A specific focus is placed on understanding how different terminations of the same surface influence surface solvation. We find that the two dominant terminations for the hematite(001) surface exhibit strong differences both in terms of the active species formed on the surface and the strength of surface solvation. According to present simulations, we find that charged oxyanions (-O-) and doubly protonated oxygens (-OH2+) can be formed on the iron terminated layer via autoionization of neutral -OH groups. No such charged species are found for the oxygen terminated surface. In addition, the missing iron sublayer in the iron terminated surface strongly influences the solvation structure, which becomes less well ordered in the vicinity of the interface. These pronounced differences are likely to affect the reactivity of the two surface terminations, and in particular the energetics of excess charge carriers at the surface. C1 [von Rudorff, Guido Falk; Jakobsen, Rasmus; Blumberger, Jochen] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Rosso, Kevin M.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Blumberger, J (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM j.blumberger@ucl.ac.uk FU University College London; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) through its BES Geosciences program - U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division; EPSRC [EP/L000202]; Tableau Inc. FX GvR gratefully acknowledges a PhD studentship co-sponsored by University College London and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) through its BES Geosciences program supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division. MD simulations were carried out on ARCHER, the UK national HPC facility (Edinburgh), to which access was granted via the ARCHER Leadership pilot call and the Materials Chemistry Consortium (EPSRC grant EP/L000202). Data analysis was carried out with computing resources provided through a Microsoft Azure Sponsorship and supported by software made available by Tableau Inc. NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 24 U2 24 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 39 AR 394001 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/39/394001 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AQ UT WOS:000383803700002 PM 27464954 ER PT J AU Yin, WK Qin, Y Fowler, WB Stavola, M Boatner, LA AF Yin, Weikai Qin, Ying Fowler, W. Beall Stavola, Michael Boatner, Lynn A. TI The structures of interstitial hydrogen centers in VO2 in the dilute limit from their vibrational properties and theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE hydrogen impurities; VO2; IR spectroscopy; density functional theory ID VANADIUM DIOXIDE; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HARTREE-FOCK; PHASE; STABILIZATION; TEMPERATURE; NANOBEAMS; DENSITY; DRIVEN AB The introduction of a large concentration of H into VO2 is known to suppress the insulating phase of the metal-insulator transition that occurs upon cooling below 340 K. We have used infrared spectroscopy and complementary theory to study the properties of interstitial H and D in VO2 in the dilute limit to determine the vibrational frequencies, thermal stabilities, and equilibrium positions of isolated interstitial H and D centers. The vibrational lines of several OH and OD centers were observed to have thermal stabilities similar to that of the hydrogen that suppresses the insulating phase. Theory associates two of the four possible OH configurations for Hi in the insulating VO2 monoclinic phase with OH lines seen by experiment. Furthermore, theory predicts the energies and vibrational frequencies for configurations with Hi trapped near a substitutional impurity and suggests such defects as candidates for additional OH centers that have been observed. C1 [Yin, Weikai; Qin, Ying; Fowler, W. Beall; Stavola, Michael] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bldg 16, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Yin, Weikai; Qin, Ying; Fowler, W. Beall; Stavola, Michael] Lehigh Univ, Sherman Fairchild Lab, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Boatner, Lynn A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Stavola, M (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bldg 16, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.; Stavola, M (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Sherman Fairchild Lab, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM michael.stavola@Lehigh.edu FU NSF [DMR 1160756]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX We are grateful to P Weiser for his assistance with measurements of the temperature dependence of the OH and OD line frequencies. The work at Lehigh University was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 1160756. Research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for one author (LAB) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 39 AR 395401 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/39/395401 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AQ UT WOS:000383803700012 ER PT J AU Zhang, JZ Velisavljevic, N Zhu, JL Wang, LP AF Zhang, Jianzhong Velisavljevic, Nenad Zhu, Jinlong Wang, Liping TI Equation of state and thermodynamic Gruneisen parameter of monoclinic 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE equation of state; phase transformation; FOX-7; high explosive; pressure ID ENERGY DENSITY MATERIAL; CRYSTALLINE FOX-7; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; PRESSURE; COMPRESSION; DIAMINODINITROETHYLENE; DECOMPOSITION; NACL AB In situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments were conducted on 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) at pressures up to 6.8 GPa and temperatures up to 485 K. Within the resolution of the present diffraction data, our results do not reveal evidence for a pressure-induced structural phase transition near 2 GPa, previously observed in several vibrational spectroscopy experiments. Based on unit-cell volume measurements, the least-squares fit using the third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (EOS) yields K-0 = 12.6 +/- 1.4 GPa and K-0' = 11.3 +/- 2.1 for the a-phase of FOX-7, which are in good agreement with recently reported values for the deuterated sample, indicating that the effect of hydrogen-deuterium substitution on the compressibility of FOX-7 is negligibly small. A thermal EOS is also obtained for the a-phase of FOX-7, including pressure dependence of thermal expansivity, (partial derivative alpha/partial derivative P)(T) = -7.0 +/- 2.0 x 10(-5) K-1 GPa(-1), and temperature derivative of the bulk modulus, (partial derivative K-T/partial derivative T)(P) = -1.1 x 10(-2) GPa K-1. From these EOS parameters, we calculate heat capacity at constant volume (CV) and thermodynamic Gruneisen parameter (gamma(TH)) as a function of temperature. At ambient conditions, the calculated gamma(TH) is 1.055, which is in good agreement with the value (1.09) previously obtained from density functional theory (DFT). The obtained C-V, however, is 13% larger than that calculated from the first-principles calculations, indicating that the dispersion correction in the DFT calculations may need to be further improved for describing intermolecular interactions of molecular crystals. C1 [Zhang, Jianzhong] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Velisavljevic, Nenad] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dynam & Energet Mat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhu, Jinlong; Wang, Liping] Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Zhu, Jinlong; Wang, Liping] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jzhang@lanl.gov OI Zhang, Jianzhong/0000-0001-5508-1782 FU DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NNSA Science Campaigns (C2); COMPRES, the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences under NSF [EAR 11-57758]; US Department of Energy, Office of Sience, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC, under DOE contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was also supported, in part, by NNSA Science Campaigns (C2) and by COMPRES, the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences under NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR 11-57758. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Sience, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT PY 2016 VL 28 IS 39 AR 395402 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/39/395402 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW7AQ UT WOS:000383803700013 ER PT J AU Ho, CK Carlson, M Garg, P Kumar, P AF Ho, Clifford K. Carlson, Matthew Garg, Pardeep Kumar, Pramod TI Technoeconomic Analysis of Alternative Solarized s-CO2 Brayton Cycle Configurations SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSION GAS-TURBINE AB This paper evaluates cost and performance tradeoffs of alternative supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) closed-loop Brayton cycle configurations with a concentrated solar heat source. Alternative s-CO2 power cycle configurations include simple, recompression, cascaded, and partial cooling cycles. Results show that the simple closed-loop Brayton cycle yielded the lowest power-block component costs while allowing variable temperature differentials across the s-CO2 heating source, depending on the level of recuperation. Lower temperature differentials led to higher sensible storage costs, but cycle configurations with lower temperature differentials (higher recuperation) yielded higher cycle efficiencies and lower solar collector and receiver costs. The cycles with higher efficiencies (simple recuperated, recompression, and partial cooling) yielded the lowest overall solar and power-block component costs for a prescribed power output. C1 [Ho, Clifford K.; Carlson, Matthew] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Garg, Pardeep; Kumar, Pramod] Indian Inst Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Ho, CK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ckho@sandia.gov FU Solar Energy Research Institute for India; U.S. (SERIIUS) by the U.S. Department of Energy [DE AC36-08G028308]; Government of India; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This research is based upon work supported in part by the Solar Energy Research Institute for India and the U.S. (SERIIUS) funded jointly by the U.S. Department of Energy Subcontract No. DE AC36-08G028308 (Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technology Program, with support from the Office of International Affairs) and the Government of India subcontract IUSSTF/JCERDC-SERIIUS/2012 dated Nov. 22, 2012.; Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 EI 1528-8986 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 5 AR 051008 DI 10.1115/1.4033573 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DW8OC UT WOS:000383914400008 ER PT J AU Lave, M Stein, J Smith, R AF Lave, Matthew Stein, Joshua Smith, Ryan TI Solar Variability Datalogger SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID IRRADIANCE; IMPACT AB To address the lack of knowledge of local solar variability, we have developed and deployed a low-cost solar variability datalogger (SVD). While most currently used solar irradiance sensors are expensive pyranometers with high accuracy (relevant for annual energy estimates), low-cost sensors display similar precision (relevant for solar variability) as high-cost pyranometers, even if they are not as accurate. In this work, we present evaluation of various low-cost irradiance sensor types, describe the SVD, and present validation and comparison of the SVD collected data. The low cost and ease of use of the SVD will enable a greater understanding of local solar variability, which will reduce developer and utility uncertainty about the impact of solar photovoltaic (PV) installations and thus will encourage greater penetrations of solar energy. C1 [Lave, Matthew] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Stein, Joshua] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Smith, Ryan] Pordis LLC, Austin, TX 78729 USA. RP Lave, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mlave@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy, SunShot Initiative [SNL 29096, SAND2015-10902 J] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by the Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, SunShot Initiative, under Award No. SNL 29096. Report No. SAND2015-10902 J. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 EI 1528-8986 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD OCT PY 2016 VL 138 IS 5 AR 054503 DI 10.1115/1.4034071 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA DW8OC UT WOS:000383914400014 ER PT J AU Fernando, D Nigro, TAE Dyer, ID Alia, SM Pivovar, BS Vasquez, Y AF Fernando, Deshani Nigro, Toni A. E. Dyer, I. D. Alia, Shaun M. Pivovar, Bryan S. Vasquez, Yolanda TI Synthesis and catalytic activity of the metastable phase of gold phosphide SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT North American Solid State Chemistry Conference (NASSCC) CY MAY, 2015 CL Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL HO Florida State Univ DE Gold phosphide; Synthesis; Nanoparticles; HER; Catalysis ID HYDROGEN-EVOLUTION REACTION; TEMPERATURE SOLUTION SYNTHESIS; TRANSITION-METAL PHOSPHIDES; NICKEL PHOSPHIDE; HYDRODESULFURIZATION PROPERTIES; SULFIDE CATALYSTS; NANOPARTICLES; NI2P; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS AB Recently, transition metal phosphides have found new applications as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction that has generated an impetus to synthesize these materials at the nanoscale. In this work, Au2P3 was synthesized utilizing the high temperature decomposition of tri-n-octylphosphine as a source of elemental phosphorous. Gold nanorods were used as morphological templates with the aim of controlling the shape and size of the resulting gold phosphide particles. We demonstrate that the surface capping ligand of the gold nanoparticle precursors can influence the purity and extent to which the gold phosphide phase will form. Gold nanorods functionalized with 1-dodecanethiol undergo digestive ripening to produce discrete spherical particles that exhibit reduced reactivity towards phosphorous, resulting in low yields of the gold phosphide. In contrast, gold phosphide was obtained as a phase pure product when cetyltrimethylammonium bromide functionalized gold nanorods are used instead. The Au2P3 nanoparticles exhibited higher activity than polycrystalline gold towards the hydrogen evolution reaction. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernando, Deshani; Nigro, Toni A. E.; Dyer, I. D.; Vasquez, Yolanda] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, 107 Phys Sci 1, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Alia, Shaun M.; Pivovar, Bryan S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Vasquez, Y (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, 107 Phys Sci 1, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM yolanda.vasquez@okstate.edu NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 242 SI SI BP 182 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.07.009 PN 2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DW0BC UT WOS:000383304900025 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Carvajal, L Diaz-San Segundo, F Ramirez-Medina, E Rodriguez, LL de los Santos, T AF Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth Rodriguez, Luis L. de los Santos, Teresa TI Constitutively Active IRF7/IRF3 Fusion Protein Completely Protects Swine against Foot-and-Mouth Disease SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID I INTERFERON; VIRUS; VACCINES; COMBINATION; ALPHA; DIFFERENTIATION; INFECTIVITY; VALIDATION; EXPRESSION; CHALLENGE AB Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) remains one of the most devastating livestock diseases around the world. Several serotype-specific vaccine formulations exist, but they require about 5 to 7 days to induce protective immunity. Our previous studies have shown that a constitutively active fusion protein of porcine interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRF) 7 and 3 [IRF7/3(5D)] strongly induced type I IFN and antiviral genes in vitro and prevented mortality in an FMD mouse model when delivered with a replication-defective adenoviral vector [Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D)]. Here, we demonstrate that pigs treated with 10(8), 10(9), or 10(10) PFU of Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) 24 h before FMDV challenge were fully protected from FMD clinical signs and did not develop viremia, virus shedding or antibodies against FMDV nonstructural proteins. Pigs treated with Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) had higher levels of IFN and antiviral activity in serum, and upregulated expression of several IFN-stimulated genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, compared to pigs treated with Ad5-Blue vector control. Importantly, treatment of porcine cultured cells with Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) inhibited the replication of all 7 FMDV serotypes. In vitro experiments using cultured embryonic fibroblasts derived from IFN receptor knockout mice suggested that the antiviral response induced by Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) was dependent on type I and III IFN pathways; however, experiments with mice demonstrated that a functional type I IFN pathway mediates Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) protection conferred in vivo. Our studies demonstrate that inoculation with Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) completely protects swine against FMD by inducing a strong type I IFN response and highlights its potential application to rapidly and effectively prevent FMDV replication and dissemination. IMPORTANCE Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a fast-spreading disease that affects farm animals, with economically and socially devastating consequences. Our study shows that inoculation with a constitutively active transcription factor, namely, a fusion protein of porcine interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRF) 7 and 3 delivered by an adenovirus vector [Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D)], is a new effective treatment to prevent FMD in swine. Animals pretreated with Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) 1 day before being exposed to FMDV were completely protected from viral replication and clinical disease. It is noteworthy that the doses of Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) required for protection are lower than those previously reported for similar approaches using Ad5 vectors delivering type I, II, or III IFN, suggesting that this novel strategy would be economically appealing to counteract FMD. Our results also indicate that a dynamic interplay among different components of pigs' innate immune defenses allows potent antiviral effects after Ad5-poIF7/3(5D) administration. C1 [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth; Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth; Rodriguez, Luis L.; de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth; Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna] Univ Connecticut, CANR, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT USA. RP de los Santos, T (reprint author), ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM teresa.delossantos@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [Cris 1940-32000-057-00D]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) [HSHQDC-11-X-00189, HSHQPM-13-X-00113] FX This work, including the efforts of Teresa de los Santos, Lisbeth Ramirez-Carvajal, Fayna Diaz San Segundo, Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, and Luis Rodriguez, was funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) (Cris 1940-32000-057-00D). This work, including the efforts of Fayna Diaz San Segundo and Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, was funded by U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (HSHQDC-11-X-00189 and HSHQPM-13-X-00113). NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 90 IS 19 BP 8809 EP 8821 DI 10.1128/JVI.00800-16 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA DW6LH UT WOS:000383761900036 PM 27466421 ER PT J AU Kadakia, KS Jampani, PH Velikokhatnyi, OI Datta, MK Patel, P Chung, SJ Park, SK Poston, JA Manivannan, A Kumta, PN AF Kadakia, Karan Sandeep Jampani, Prashanth H. Velikokhatnyi, Oleg I. Datta, Moni Kanchan Patel, Prasad Chung, Sung Jae Park, Sung Kyoo Poston, James A. Manivannan, Ayyakkannu Kumta, Prashant N. TI Study of fluorine doped (Nb,Ir)O-2 solid solution electro-catalyst powders for proton exchange membrane based oxygen evolution reaction SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE PEM electrolysis; (Nb,Ir)O-2:F; Oxygen evolution; Nanoparticles; Electra-catalysts ID PEM WATER ELECTROLYSIS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; ANODE ELECTROCATALYSTS; OXIDE ELECTROCATALYSTS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; HYDROGEN ECONOMY; SULFURIC-ACID; TEMPERATURE; IRO2 C1 [Kadakia, Karan Sandeep; Patel, Prasad; Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Jampani, Prashanth H.; Velikokhatnyi, Oleg I.; Datta, Moni Kanchan; Park, Sung Kyoo; Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Velikokhatnyi, Oleg I.; Datta, Moni Kanchan; Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Complex Engn Multifunct Mat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Chung, Sung Jae; Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Poston, James A.; Manivannan, Ayyakkannu] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Biol, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. RP Jampani, PH (reprint author), Dept Bioengn, 815C Benedum Hall,3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM pjampani@pitt.edu RI Jampani Hanumantha, Prashanth/A-9840-2013 OI Jampani Hanumantha, Prashanth/0000-0001-7159-1993 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0001531]; National Science Foundation [NSF-CBET 0933141, NSF-CBET 1511390]; Edward R. Weidlein Chair Professorship; Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) FX Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award DE-SC0001531. Financial support of the National Science Foundation, NSF-CBET 0933141 and NSF-CBET 1511390 is also gratefully acknowledged. PNK also acknowledges the Edward R. Weidlein Chair Professorship funds and the Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) for procuring the electrochemical equipment and facilities used in this research work. The authors also acknowledge the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) for allocation of the computational resources used for the study reported herein. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-5107 EI 1873-4944 J9 MATER SCI ENG B-ADV JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Adv. Funct. Solid-State Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 212 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2016.06.015 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA DW7IG UT WOS:000383823800012 ER PT J AU Favole, G Comparat, J Prada, F Yepes, G Jullo, E Niemiec, A Kneib, JP Rodriguez-Torres, SA Klypin, A Skibba, RA McBride, CK Eisenstein, DJ Schlegel, DJ Nuza, SE Chuang, CH Delubac, T Yeche, C Schneider, DP AF Favole, Ginevra Comparat, Johan Prada, Francisco Yepes, Gustavo Jullo, Eric Niemiec, Anna Kneib, Jean-Paul Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio A. Klypin, Anatoly Skibba, Ramin A. McBride, Cameron K. Eisenstein, Daniel J. Schlegel, David J. Nuza, Sebastian E. Chuang, Chia-Hsun Delubac, Timothee Yeche, Christophe Schneider, Donald P. TI Clustering properties of g-selected galaxies at z similar to 0.8 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: statistics; cosmology: observations; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; TELESCOPE LENSING SURVEY; REDSHIFT SURVEY VIPERS; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; LESS-THAN 1.2; SDSS-III; DARK-MATTER; DATA RELEASE AB Current and future large redshift surveys, as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (SDSS-IV/eBOSS) or the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), will use emission-line galaxies (ELGs) to probe cosmological models by mapping the large-scale structure of the Universe in the redshift range 0.6 < z < 1.7. With current data, we explore the halo-galaxy connection by measuring three clustering properties of g-selected ELGs as matter tracers in the redshift range 0.6 < z < 1: (i) the redshift-space two-point correlation function using spectroscopic redshifts from the BOSS ELG sample and VIPERS; (ii) the angular two-point correlation function on the footprint of the CFHT-LS; (iii) the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal around the ELGs using the CFHTLenS. We interpret these observations by mapping them on to the latest high-resolution MultiDark Planck N-body simulation, using a novel (Sub) Halo-Abundance Matching technique that accounts for the ELG incompleteness. ELGs at z similar to 0.8 live in haloes of (1 +/- 0.5) x 10(12) h(-1)M(circle dot) and 22.5 +/- 2.5 per cent of them are satellites belonging to a larger halo. The halo occupation distribution of ELGs indicates that we are sampling the galaxies in which stars form in the most efficient way, according to their stellar-to-halo mass ratio. C1 [Favole, Ginevra; Comparat, Johan; Prada, Francisco; Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio A.; Chuang, Chia-Hsun] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor IFT UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Favole, Ginevra; Comparat, Johan; Prada, Francisco; Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio A.; Chuang, Chia-Hsun] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Comparat, Johan; Yepes, Gustavo; Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio A.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor M8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Prada, Francisco; Schlegel, David J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Prada, Francisco] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Jullo, Eric; Niemiec, Anna; Kneib, Jean-Paul] Univ Aix Marseille, Lab Astrophys Marseille LAM, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Jullo, Eric; Niemiec, Anna; Kneib, Jean-Paul] CNRS, UMR7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Kneib, Jean-Paul; Delubac, Timothee] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Astrophys, Observ Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Klypin, Anatoly] New Mexico State Univ, Astron Dept, MSC 4500,POB 30001, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Skibba, Ramin A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [McBride, Cameron K.; Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nuza, Sebastian E.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Favole, G; Comparat, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor IFT UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.; Favole, G; Comparat, J (reprint author), Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.; Comparat, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor M8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM g.favole@csic.es; johan.comparat@uam.es FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of the Spanish Government through FPI grant [AYA2010-2131-C02-01]; MINECO (Spain) [AYA2012-31101, FPA2012-34694]; CNRS; Labex OCEVU; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [NU 332/21]; Spanish MICINN Consolider-Ingenio Programme [CSD2009-00064]; MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Programme [SEV-2012-0249]; MINECO [AYA2014-60641-C2-1-P]; spanish MEC 'Salvador de Madariaga' program [PRX14/00444]; PRACE [2012060963]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX GF is supported by the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of the Spanish Government through FPI grant AYA2010-2131-C02-01. JC acknowledges financial support from MINECO (Spain) under project number AYA2012-31101. GY acknowledges financial support from MINECO (Spain) under project number AYA2012-31101 and grant FPA2012-34694. EJ acknowledges the support of CNRS, and the Labex OCEVU. SEN acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under the grant NU 332/21. GF, FP, SART, AK, SN and CC acknowledge financial support from the Spanish MICINN Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme under grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064, MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Programme under grant SEV-2012-0249, and MINECO grant AYA2014-60641-C2-1-P. GF, JC and FP wish to thank the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the hospitality during the creation of this work. FP acknowledges the spanish MEC 'Salvador de Madariaga' program, Ref. PRX14/00444.; The MultiDark Planck simulation has been performed in the Supermuc supercomputer at the Libniz Supercomputing Center (LRZ, Munich) thanks to the cpu time awarded by PRACE (proposal number 2012060963).; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 4 BP 3421 EP 3431 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1483 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW3AS UT WOS:000383514900003 ER PT J AU Chuang, CH Prada, F Pellejero-Ibanez, M Beutler, F Cuesta, AJ Eisenstein, DJ Escoffier, S Ho, S Kitaura, FS Kneib, JP Manera, M Nuza, SE Rodriguez-Torres, S Ross, A Rubino-Martin, JA Samushia, L Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Wang, YT Weaver, BA Zhao, GB Brownstein, JR Dawson, KS Maraston, C Olmstead, MD Thomas, D AF Chuang, Chia-Hsun Prada, Francisco Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos Beutler, Florian Cuesta, Antonio J. Eisenstein, Daniel J. Escoffier, Stephanie Ho, Shirley Kitaura, Francisco-Shu Kneib, Jean-Paul Manera, Marc Nuza, Sebastian E. Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio Ross, Ashley Rubino-Martin, J. A. Samushia, Lado Schlegel, David J. Schneider, Donald P. Wang, Yuting Weaver, Benjamin A. Zhao, Gongbo Brownstein, Joel R. Dawson, Kyle S. Maraston, Claudia Olmstead, Matthew D. Thomas, Daniel TI The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: single-probe measurements from CMASS anisotropic galaxy clustering SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; distance scale; large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; REDSHIFT-SPACE DISTORTIONS; DATA RELEASE 9; FINAL DATA RELEASE; MEASURING D-A; ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; POWER-SPECTRUM; DARK ENERGY; GROWTH-RATE AB With the largest spectroscopic galaxy survey volume drawn from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), we can extract cosmological constraints from the measurements of redshift and geometric distortions at quasi-linear scales (e.g. above 50 h(-1) Mpc). We analyse the broad-range shape of the monopole and quadrupole correlation functions of the BOSS Data Release 12 (DR12) CMASS galaxy sample, at the effective redshift z = 0.59, to obtain constraints on the Hubble expansion rate H(z), the angular-diameter distance D-A(z), the normalized growth rate f(z)sigma(8)(z), and the physical matter density Omega(m)h(2). We obtain robust measurements by including a polynomial as the model for the systematic errors, and find it works very well against the systematic effects, e.g. ones induced by stars and seeing. We provide accurate measurements {D-A(0.59)r(s,fid)/r(s), H(0.59)r(s)/r(s, fid), f(0.59)sigma(8)(0.59), Omega(m)h(2)} = {1427 +/- 26 Mpc, 97.3 +/- 3.3 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), 0.488 +/- 0.060, 0.135 +/- 0.016}, where r(s) is the comoving sound horizon at the drag epoch and r(s, fid) = 147.66 Mpc is the sound scale of the fiducial cosmology used in this study. The parameters which are not well constrained by our galaxy clustering analysis are marginalized over with wide flat priors. Since no priors from other data sets, e.g. cosmic microwave background (CMB), are adopted and no dark energy models are assumed, our results from BOSS CMASS galaxy clustering alone may be combined with other data sets, i. e. CMB, SNe, lensing or other galaxy clustering data to constrain the parameters of a given cosmological model. The uncertainty on the dark energy equation of state parameter, w, from CMB+CMASS is about 8 per cent. The uncertainty on the curvature fraction, Omega(k), is 0.3 per cent. We do not find deviation from flat Lambda CDM. C1 [Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Prada, Francisco; Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Kitaura, Francisco-Shu; Nuza, Sebastian E.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Prada, Francisco; Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Prada, Francisco] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Glorieta Astron, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos; Rubino-Martin, J. A.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, C Via Lactea S-N, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos; Rubino-Martin, J. A.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Beutler, Florian; Kitaura, Francisco-Shu; Schlegel, David J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beutler, Florian; Manera, Marc; Samushia, Lado; Wang, Yuting; Zhao, Gongbo; Maraston, Claudia; Thomas, Daniel] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Dennis Sciama Bldg, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Cuesta, Antonio J.] Univ Barcelona IEEC UB, Inst Ciencies Cosmos ICCUB, Marti & Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Escoffier, Stephanie] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, F-13288 Marseille, France. [Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Kitaura, Francisco-Shu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kitaura, Francisco-Shu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Astrophys, Observ Sauverny, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM Lab Astrophys Marseille, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Manera, Marc] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor M8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Ross, Ashley] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Samushia, Lado] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, 2A Kazbegi Ave, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wang, Yuting; Zhao, Gongbo] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 550 1St Ave, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Olmstead, Matthew D.] Kings Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, 133 North River St, Wilkes Barre, PA 18711 USA. RP Chuang, CH (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.; Chuang, CH (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. EM achuang@aip.de RI Gil Marin, Hector/B-2013-2017; OI Gil Marin, Hector/0000-0003-0265-6217; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470 FU Spanish MICINN's Consolider-Ingenio Programme [CSD2009-00064, AYA2010-21231-C02-01]; Comunidad de Madrid [HEPHACOS S2009/ESP-1473]; MINECO [AYA2012-39702-C02-01]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX CC would like to thank Savvas Nesseris for useful discussions. CC and FP acknowledge support from the Spanish MICINN's Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme under grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064 and AYA2010-21231-C02-01 grant. CC was also supported by the Comunidad de Madrid under grant HEPHACOS S2009/ESP-1473. MPI acknowledges support from MINECO under the grant AYA2012-39702-C02-01.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 104 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 4 BP 3781 EP 3793 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1535 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW3AS UT WOS:000383514900031 ER PT J AU Baxter, E Clampitt, J Giannantonio, T Dodelson, S Jain, B Huterer, D Bleem, L Crawford, T Efstathiou, G Fosalba, P Kirk, D Kwan, J Sanchez, C Story, K Troxel, MA Abbott, TMC Abdalla, FB Armstrong, R Benoit-Levy, A Benson, B Bernstein, GM Bernstein, RA Bertin, E Brooks, D Carlstrom, J Rosell, AC Kind, MC Carretero, J Chown, R Crocce, M Cunha, CE da Costa, LN Desai, S Diehl, HT Dietrich, JP Doel, P Evrard, AE Neto, AF Flaugher, B Frieman, J Gruen, D Gruendl, RA Gutierrez, G de Haan, T Holder, G Honscheid, K Hou, Z James, DJ Kuehn, K Kuropatkin, N Lima, M March, M Marshall, JL Martini, P Melchior, P Miller, CJ Miquel, R Mohr, JJ Nord, B Omori, Y Plazas, AA Reichardt, C Romer, AK Rykoff, ES Sanchez, E Sevilla-Noarbe, I Sheldon, E Smith, RC Soares-Santos, M Sobreira, F Suchyta, E Stark, A Swanson, MEC Tarle, G Thomas, D Walker, AR Wechsler, RH AF Baxter, E. Clampitt, J. Giannantonio, T. Dodelson, S. Jain, B. Huterer, D. Bleem, L. Crawford, T. Efstathiou, G. Fosalba, P. Kirk, D. Kwan, J. Sanchez, C. Story, K. Troxel, M. A. Abbott, T. M. C. Abdalla, F. B. Armstrong, R. Benoit-Levy, A. Benson, B. Bernstein, G. M. Bernstein, R. A. Bertin, E. Brooks, D. Carlstrom, J. Carnero Rosell, A. Kind, M. Carrasco Carretero, J. Chown, R. Crocce, M. Cunha, C. E. da Costa, L. N. Desai, S. Diehl, H. T. Dietrich, J. P. Doel, P. Evrard, A. E. Fausti Neto, A. Flaugher, B. Frieman, J. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R. A. Gutierrez, G. de Haan, T. Holder, G. Honscheid, K. Hou, Z. James, D. J. Kuehn, K. Kuropatkin, N. Lima, M. March, M. Marshall, J. L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Miller, C. J. Miquel, R. Mohr, J. J. Nord, B. Omori, Y. Plazas, A. A. Reichardt, C. Romer, A. K. Rykoff, E. S. Sanchez, E. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Sheldon, E. Smith, R. C. Soares-Santos, M. Sobreira, F. Suchyta, E. Stark, A. Swanson, M. E. C. Tarle, G. Thomas, D. Walker, A. R. Wechsler, R. H. TI Joint measurement of lensing-galaxy correlations using SPT and DES SV data SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: weak; cosmic background radiation; large-scale structure of the Universe ID SCIENCE VERIFICATION DATA; SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFT PDFS; BACKGROUND DAMPING TAIL; MATTER POWER SPECTRUM; DARK ENERGY SURVEY; SHEAR MEASUREMENT; DISTANT GALAXIES; MODEL; EVOLUTION AB We measure the correlation of galaxy lensing and cosmic microwave background lensing with a set of galaxies expected to trace the matter density field. The measurements are performed using pre-survey Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification optical imaging data and millimetre-wave data from the 2500 sq. deg. South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. The two lensing-galaxy correlations are jointly fit to extract constraints on cosmological parameters, constraints on the redshift distribution of the lens galaxies, and constraints on the absolute shear calibration of DES galaxy-lensing measurements. We show that an attractive feature of these fits is that they are fairly insensitive to the clustering bias of the galaxies used as matter tracers. The measurement presented in this work confirms that DES and SPT data are consistent with each other and with the currently favoured Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model. It also demonstrates that joint lensing-galaxy correlation measurement considered here contains a wealth of information that can be extracted using current and future surveys. C1 [Baxter, E.; Clampitt, J.; Jain, B.; Kwan, J.; Bernstein, G. M.; March, M.; Suchyta, E.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Giannantonio, T.; Efstathiou, G.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Giannantonio, T.; Efstathiou, G.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Giannantonio, T.] Univ Cambridge, Ctr Theoret Cosmol, DAMTP, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. [Dodelson, S.; Benson, B.; Diehl, H. T.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, J.; Gutierrez, G.; Kuropatkin, N.; Nord, B.; Soares-Santos, M.; Sobreira, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Dodelson, S.; Bleem, L.; Crawford, T.; Benson, B.; Carlstrom, J.; Frieman, J.; Hou, Z.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Huterer, D.; Evrard, A. E.; Miller, C. J.; Tarle, G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bleem, L.; Carlstrom, J.; Hou, Z.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Crawford, T.; Benson, B.; Carlstrom, J.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Fosalba, P.; Carretero, J.; Crocce, M.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Kirk, D.; Abdalla, F. B.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Brooks, D.; Doel, P.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Sanchez, C.; Carretero, J.; Miquel, R.] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. [Story, K.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Story, K.; Cunha, C. E.; Gruen, D.; Rykoff, E. S.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, POB 2450, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Troxel, M. A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Abbott, T. M. C.; James, D. J.; Smith, R. C.; Walker, A. R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Abdalla, F. B.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Armstrong, R.; Melchior, P.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Benoit-Levy, A.; Bertin, E.] Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Benoit-Levy, A.; Bertin, E.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Bernstein, R. A.] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Carnero Rosell, A.; da Costa, L. N.; Fausti Neto, A.; Lima, M.; Sobreira, F.] Lab Interinst & Astron LIneA, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Carnero Rosell, A.; da Costa, L. N.] Observ Nacl, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Kind, M. Carrasco; Gruendl, R. A.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kind, M. Carrasco; Gruendl, R. A.; Swanson, M. E. C.] Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chown, R.; de Haan, T.; Holder, G.; Omori, Y.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Mohr, J. J.] Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Mohr, J. J.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Evrard, A. E.; Miller, C. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gruen, D.; Rykoff, E. S.; Wechsler, R. H.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [de Haan, T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Honscheid, K.; Martini, P.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kuehn, K.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Lima, M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Matemat, CP 66318, BR-05314970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Martini, P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Miquel, R.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Mohr, J. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Plazas, A. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Reichardt, C.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Romer, A. K.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Pevensey Bldg, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Sanchez, E.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Sheldon, E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 510, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Stark, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 12, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Thomas, D.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. RP Baxter, E (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM ebax@sas.upenn.edu RI Lima, Marcos/E-8378-2010; OI Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345; Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Argonne National Laboratory; University of California at Santa Cruz; University of Cambridge; Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid; University of Chicago, University College London; DES-Brazil Consortium; University of Edinburgh; Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC); Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen; associated Excellence Cluster Universe; University of Michigan; National Optical Astronomy Observatory; University of Nottingham; Ohio State University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Portsmouth; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford University; University of Sussex; Texas AM University; OzDES Membership Consortium; National Science Foundation [AST-1138766, PLR-1248097]; MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; European Research Council under the European Union [240672, 291329, 306478]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [947]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the US Department of Energy, the US National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the DES.; The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium.; The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478.; The SPT programme is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through Grant GBMF#947 to the University of Chicago. Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported under the US Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 4 BP 4099 EP 4114 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1584 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW3AS UT WOS:000383514900057 ER PT J AU Lochhaas, C Weinberg, DH Peirani, S Dubois, Y Colombi, S Blaizot, J Font-Ribera, A Pichon, C Devriendt, J AF Lochhaas, Cassandra Weinberg, David H. Peirani, Sebastien Dubois, Yohan Colombi, Stephane Blaizot, Jeremy Font-Ribera, Andreu Pichon, Christophe Devriendt, Julien TI Modelling Lyman alpha forest cross-correlations with LyMAS SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE large-scale structure of Universe ID OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; COLD DARK-MATTER; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; SMALL-SCALE STRUCTURE; 9TH DATA RELEASE; SDSS-III; GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; QUASARS AB We use the Lya Mass Association Scheme (LyMAS) to predict cross-correlations at z = 2.5 between dark matter haloes and transmitted flux in the Lya forest, and compare to crosscorrelations measured for quasars and damped Lya systems (DLAs) from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) by Font-Ribera et al. We calibrate LyMAS using Horizon-AGN hydrodynamical cosmological simulations of a (100 h(-1) Mpc) 3 comoving volume. We apply this calibration to a (1 h(-1) Gpc) 3 simulation realized with 20483 dark matter particles. In the 100 h(-1) Mpc box, LyMAS reproduces the halo-flux correlations computed from the full hydrodynamic gas distribution very well. In the 1 h(-1) Gpc box, the amplitude of the large-scale cross-correlation tracks the halo bias bh as expected. We provide empirical fitting functions that describe our numerical results. In the transverse separation bins used for the BOSS analyses, LyMAS cross-correlation predictions follow linear theory accurately down to small scales. Fitting the BOSS measurements requires inclusion of random velocity errors; we find best-fitting rms velocity errors of 399 and 252 km s(-1) for quasars and DLAs, respectively. We infer bias-weighted mean halo masses of Mh/10(12) h(-1)M(circle dot) = 2.19(-0.15)(+0.16) and 0.69(-0.14)(+0.16) for the host haloes of quasars and DLAs, with similar to 0.2 dex systematic uncertainty associated with redshift evolution, intergalactic medium parameters, and selection of data fitting range. C1 [Lochhaas, Cassandra; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lochhaas, Cassandra; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Peirani, Sebastien; Dubois, Yohan; Colombi, Stephane; Pichon, Christophe; Devriendt, Julien] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Inst Astrophys Paris, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Peirani, Sebastien; Dubois, Yohan; Colombi, Stephane; Pichon, Christophe; Devriendt, Julien] CNRS, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Blaizot, Jeremy] Univ Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France. [Font-Ribera, Andreu] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Font-Ribera, Andreu] Univ Tokyo, UTIAS, Kavli IPMU WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Pichon, Christophe] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. RP Lochhaas, C (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Lochhaas, C (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM lochhaas@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; dhw@astronomy.ohio-state.edu FU Programme National Cosmologie et Galaxies; NSF [AST-1516997] FX We are grateful to numerous colleagues in the BOSS Collaboration for fruitful discussions on this project, especially Jordi Miralda-Escude. We acknowledge support from the 'Programme National Cosmologie et Galaxies'. This work was supported in part by NSF Grant AST-1516997. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 4 BP 4353 EP 4373 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1646 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW3AS UT WOS:000383514900078 ER PT J AU Shi, L Dong, HL Reguera, G Beyenal, H Lu, AH Liu, J Yu, HQ Fredrickson, JK AF Shi, Liang Dong, Hailiang Reguera, Gemma Beyenal, Haluk Lu, Anhuai Liu, Juan Yu, Han-Qing Fredrickson, James K. TI Extracellular electron transfer mechanisms between microorganisms and minerals SO NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; C-TYPE CYTOCHROME; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-PALUSTRIS TIE-1; CONDUCTIVE BACTERIAL NANOWIRES; GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS PILI; ANAEROBIC BENZENE OXIDATION; MICROBIAL FUEL-CELL; OUTER-MEMBRANE; CABLE BACTERIA; PUTREFACIENS MR-1 AB Electrons can be transferred from microorganisms to multivalent metal ions that are associated with minerals and vice versa. As the microbial cell envelope is neither physically permeable to minerals nor electrically conductive, microorganisms have evolved strategies to exchange electrons with extracellular minerals. In this Review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that underlie the ability of microorganisms to exchange electrons, such as c-type cytochromes and microbial nanowires, with extracellular minerals and with microorganisms of the same or different species. Microorganisms that have extracellular electron transfer capability can be used for biotechnological applications, including bioremediation, biomining and the production of biofuels and nanomaterials. C1 [Shi, Liang] China Univ Geosci, Sch Environm Studies, Dept Biol Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Dong, Hailiang] Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Dong, Hailiang] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Reguera, Gemma] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Beyenal, Haluk] Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lu, Anhuai] Peking Univ, Sch Space & Earth Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Liu, Juan] Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Yu, Han-Qing] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Fredrickson, James K.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shi, L (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, Sch Environm Studies, Dept Biol Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Dong, HL (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.; Dong, HL (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM liang.shi@cug.edu.cn; dongh@miamioh.edu RI Yu, Han-Qing/F-7925-2010; Liu, Juan/G-6035-2016; Urban Pollutant Conversion , Key Laboratory /H-1471-2016 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research/Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program of the US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; US National Institutes of Health and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; US Office of Naval Research; National Natural Science Foundation of China; 973 program of China; One-Hundred Talented Researchers Project of the Chinese Academy of Science FX The authors acknowledge research grant funding from the Office of Biological and Environmental Research/Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program of the US Department of Energy (L.S., H.D., G.R., H.B. and J.K.F.), the US National Science Foundation (H.D., G.R. and H.B.), the US National Institutes of Health and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (L.S. and G.R.), the US Office of Naval Research (H.B.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (H.D., A.L., J.L. and H.Q.Y.), the 973 program of China (A.L.) and the One-Hundred Talented Researchers Project of the Chinese Academy of Science (H.Q.Y.). The authors also thank D. Lovley, J. Gralnick and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments. NR 157 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 139 U2 149 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1740-1526 EI 1740-1534 J9 NAT REV MICROBIOL JI Nat. Rev. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 14 IS 10 BP 651 EP 662 DI 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.93 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DW7BO UT WOS:000383806400010 PM 27573579 ER PT J AU Carroll, MC Windes, WE Rohrbaugh, DT Strizak, JP Burchell, TD AF Carroll, Mark C. Windes, William E. Rohrbaugh, David T. Strizak, Joseph P. Burchell, Timothy D. TI Leveraging comprehensive baseline datasets to quantify property variability in nuclear-grade graphites SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID STRENGTH AB The full characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of candidate nuclear-grade graphites is highly dependent upon an understanding of the distribution of values that are inherent to graphite. Not only do the material properties of graphites vary considerably between grades owing to the raw materials sources, filler particle type and size, methods of compaction, and production process parameters, but variability is observed between billets of the same grade from a single batch and even across spatial positions within a single billet. Properly enveloping the expected properties of interest requires both a substantial amount of data to statistically capture this variability and a representative distribution capable of accurately describing the range of values. A two-parameter Weibull distribution is confirmed to be representative of the distribution of physical (density, modulus) and mechanical (compressive, flexure, and tensile strength) values in five different nuclear-grades of graphite. The fine-grained isomolded grades tend toward higher Weibull modulus and characteristic strength values, while the extruded grade being examined exhibits relatively large distributions in property values. With the number of candidate graphite specimens that can undergo full irradiation exposure and subsequent testing having limited feasibility with regard to economics and timely evaluations, a proper capture of the raw material variability in an unirradiated state can provide crucial supplementary resolution to the limited amount of available data on irradiated candidate grades. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Carroll, Mark C.; Windes, William E.; Rohrbaugh, David T.] Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Strizak, Joseph P.; Burchell, Timothy D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Carroll, MC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM mark.carroll@inl.gov RI Burchell, Tim/E-6566-2017 OI Burchell, Tim/0000-0003-1436-1192 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This study was carried out under Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 307 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.06.028 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW7IM UT WOS:000383824400006 ER PT J AU Spencer, BW Williamson, RL Stafford, DS Novascone, SR Hales, JD Pastore, G AF Spencer, B. W. Williamson, R. L. Stafford, D. S. Novascone, S. R. Hales, J. D. Pastore, G. TI 3D modeling of missing pellet surface defects in BWR fuel SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID MULTIDIMENSIONAL MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR AB One of the important roles of cladding in light water reactor fuel rods is to prevent the release of fission products. To that end, it is essential that the cladding maintain its integrity under a variety of thermal and mechanical loading conditions. Local geometric irregularities in fuel pellets caused by manufacturing defects known as missing pellet surfaces (MPS) can in some circumstances lead to elevated cladding stresses that are sufficiently high to cause cladding failure. Accurate modeling of these defects can help prevent these types of failures. The BISON nuclear fuel performance code developed at Idaho National Laboratory can be used to simulate the global thermo-mechanical fuel rod behavior, as well as the local response of regions of interest, in either 2D or 3D. In either case, a full set of models to represent the thermal and mechanical properties of the fuel, cladding and plenum gas is employed. A procedure for coupling 2D full-length fuel rod models to detailed 3D models of the region of the rod containing a MPS defect is detailed here. The global and local model each contain appropriate physics and behavior models for nuclear fuel. This procedure is demonstrated on a simulation of a boiling water reactor (BWR) fuel rod containing a pellet with an MPS defect, subjected to a variety of transient events, including a control blade withdrawal and a ramp to high power. The importance of modeling the local defect using a 3D model is highlighted by comparing 3D and 2D representations of the defective pellet region. Parametric studies demonstrate the effects of the choice of gaseous swelling model and of the depth and geometry of the MPS defect on the response of the cladding adjacent to the defect. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Spencer, B. W.; Williamson, R. L.; Stafford, D. S.; Novascone, S. R.; Hales, J. D.; Pastore, G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Modeling & Simulat, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Stafford, D. S.] Southwestern Sci Ltd Co, Albuquerque, NM 87122 USA. RP Spencer, BW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Modeling & Simulat, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Benjamin.Spencer@inl.gov OI Hales, Jason/0000-0003-0836-0476 FU US Department of Energy under the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program; US Department of Energy under Consortium for the Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) program; U.S. Government [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy under the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) and Consortium for the Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) programs. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 307 BP 155 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.07.008 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW7IM UT WOS:000383824400013 ER PT J AU Yoder, GL Heatherly, D Wilson, D Caja, M AF Yoder, Graydon L. Heatherly, Dennis Wilson, Dane Caja, Mario TI FLiNaK compatibility studies with Inconel 600 and silicon carbide SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article AB A small liquid fluoride salt test apparatus has been constructed and testing has been conducted to examine the compatibility of silicon carbide (SiC), Inconel 600 and a spiral wound gasket material in FLiNaK, the ternary eutectic alkaline metal fluoride salt mixture. These tests were conducted to evaluate materials and sealing systems that could be used in fluoride salt systems. Three months of testing at 700 degrees C was conducted to assure that these materials and seals would be acceptable when operating under prototypic operating conditions. The SiC specimens showed little or no change over the test period, while the spiral wound gasket material did not show any degradation except that salt might have been seeping into the outermost spirals of the gasket. The Inconel 600 specimens showed regions of voiding which penetrated the specimen surface to about 250 mu m in depth. Analysis indicated that the salt had leached chrome from the Inconel surface, as was expected for this material. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yoder, Graydon L.; Heatherly, Dennis; Wilson, Dane] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 5700,MS 6167 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Caja, Mario] Electrochem Syst Inc, 9320 Collingwood Rd, Knoxville, TN 37922 USA. RP Yoder, GL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 5700,MS 6167 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yodergljr@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Government FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 307 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.06.037 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DW7IM UT WOS:000383824400014 ER PT J AU Rowland, JC Shelef, E Pope, PA Muss, J Gangodagamage, C Brumby, SP Wilson, CJ AF Rowland, Joel C. Shelef, Eitan Pope, Paul A. Muss, Jordan Gangodagamage, Chandana Brumby, Steven P. Wilson, Cathy J. TI A morphology independent methodology for quantifying planview river change and characteristics from remotely sensed imagery SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Rivers; Change detection; Morphology; Erosion; Accretion ID CHANNEL PLANFORM CHANGE; OPEN WATER FEATURES; BANK EROSION; MEANDERING RIVERS; FLOODPLAIN GEOMORPHOLOGY; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; DISTANCE TRANSFORMS; LATERAL MIGRATION; SACRAMENTO RIVER; SATELLITE IMAGES AB Remotely sensed imagery of rivers has long served as a means for characterizing channel properties and detection of planview change. In the last decade the dramatic increase in the availability of satellite imagery and processing tools has created the potential to greatly expand the spatial and temporal scale of our understanding of river morphology and dynamics. To date, the majority of GIS and automated analyses of planview changes in rivers from remotely sensed data has been developed for single-threaded meandering river systems. These methods have limited applicability to many of the earth's rivers with complex multi-channel planforms. Here we present the methodologies of a set of analysis algorithms collectively called Spatially Continuous Riverbank Erosion and Accretion Measurements (SCREAM). SCREAM analyzes planview river metrics regardless of river morphology. These algorithms quantify both the erosion and accretion rates of riverbanks from binary masks of channels generated from imagery acquired at two time periods. Additionally, the program quantifies the area of change between river channels and the surrounding floodplain and area of islands lost or formed between these two time periods. To examine variations in erosion rates in relation to local channel attributes and make rate comparisons between river systems of varying sizes, the program determines channel widths and bank curvature at every bank pixel. SCREAM was developed and tested on rivers with diverse and complex planform morphologies in imagery acquired from a range of observational platforms with varying spatial resolutions. Validation and verification of SCREAM-generated metrics against manual measurements show no significant measurement errors in determination of channel width, erosion, and bank aspects. SCREAM has the potential to provide data for both the quantitative examination of the controls on erosion rates and for the comparison of these rates across river systems ranging broadly in size and planform morphology. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rowland, Joel C.; Shelef, Eitan; Muss, Jordan; Gangodagamage, Chandana; Wilson, Cathy J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, MS-J495, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA. [Pope, Paul A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Intelligence & Space Res Div, MS-B244, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA. [Brumby, Steven P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, MS-B244, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA. RP Rowland, JC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, MS-J495, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA. EM jrowland@lanl.gov; shelefeitan@gmail.com; papope@lanl.gov; muss@lanl.gov; chhandana@gmail.com; steven@descarteslabs.com; cjw@lanl.gov RI Shelef, Eitan/B-7077-2017 OI Shelef, Eitan/0000-0003-0672-5144 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program FX The Early Career Research, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research, Earth System Modeling, and the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Programs within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research supported this work. Initial efforts in the development of these analysis methods were also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program. We thank Wes Lauer for sharing the Strickland River results for comparison in the development of our methods and for providing valuable insights on analysis methodologies. We also thank five anonymous reviewers and Tim McVicar for detailed and constructive comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 109 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 184 BP 212 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.005 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DW7JU UT WOS:000383827800017 ER PT J AU Ben-Zvi, I AF Ben-Zvi, Ilan TI Superconducting energy recovery linacs SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE energy recovery linac; superconducting RF accelerators; high brightness electron beams ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; EMITTANCE COMPENSATION; PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; HALO FORMATION; LINEAR-THEORY; LIGHT; BEAMS; RF; PHOTOCATHODES; INSTABILITY AB High-average-power and high-brightness electron beams from a combination of laser photocathode electron guns and a superconducting energy recovery linac (ERL) is an emerging accelerator science with applications in ERL light sources, high repetition rate free electron lasers, electron cooling, electron ion colliders and more. This paper reviews the accelerator physics issues of superconducting ERLs, discusses major subsystems and provides a few examples of superconducting ERLs. C1 [Ben-Zvi, Ilan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ben-Zvi, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM benzvi@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886/DE-SC0012704] FX This manuscript has been authored by an employee of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886/DE-SC0012704 with the US Department of Energy. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 EI 1361-6668 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 29 IS 10 AR 103002 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/29/10/103002 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DW9YQ UT WOS:000384019100001 ER PT J AU Haggard, DE Noyes, PD Waters, KM Tanguay, RL AF Haggard, Derik E. Noyes, Pamela D. Waters, Katrina M. Tanguay, Robert L. TI Phenotypically anchored transcriptome profiling of developmental exposure to the antimicrobial agent, triclosan, reveals hepatotoxicity in embryonic zebrafish SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Zebrafish; Transcriptomics; Phenotypic anchoring; Hepatotoxicity; ToxCast ID CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; WATER TREATMENT-PLANT; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; LARGE GENE LISTS; IN-VITRO; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; NEONATAL THYROXINE; FLAME RETARDANTS; US POPULATION AB Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent commonly found in a variety of personal care products and cosmetics. TCS readily enters the environment through wastewater and is detected in human plasma, urine, and breast milk due to its widespread use. Studies have implicated TCS as a disruptor of thyroid and estrogen signaling; therefore, research examining the developmental effects of TCS is warranted. In this study, we used embryonic zebrafish to investigate the developmental toxicity and potential mechanism of action of TCS. Embryos were exposed to graded concentrations of TCS from 6 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf) and the concentration where 80% of the animals had mortality or morbidity at 120 hpf (EC80) was calculated. Transcriptomic profiling was conducted on embryos exposed to the EC80 (7.37 mu M). We identified a total of 922 significant differentially expressed transcripts (FDR adjusted P-value <= 0.05; fold change >= 2). Pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses identified biological networks and transcriptional hubs involving normal liver functioning, suggesting TCS may be hepatotoxic in zebrafish. Tissue-specific gene enrichment analysis further supported the role of the liver as a target organ for TCS toxicity. We also examined the in vitro bioactivity profile of TCS reported by the ToxCast screening program. TCS had a diverse bioactivity profile and was a hit in 217 of the 385 assay endpoints we identified. We observed similarities in gene expression and hepatic steatosis assays; however, hit data for TCS were more concordant with the hypothesized CAR/PXR activity of TCS from rodent and human in vitro studies. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Haggard, Derik E.; Noyes, Pamela D.; Tanguay, Robert L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Noyes, Pamela D.] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Waters, Katrina M.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA USA. RP Tanguay, RL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Sinnhuber Aquat Res Lab, 28645 East Highway 34, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Robert.Tanguay@oregonstate.edu FU NIH [P30 ES000210, T32 ES007060, P42 ES016465]; EPA [R835168]; Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX We would like to acknowledge Carrie Barton and Greg Gonnerman, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, for providing help and support with fish husbandry, spawning, and embryo screening. We would also like to thank Dr. Lisa Truong and Dr. Michael Simonich for assistance with manuscript preparation and editing. This research was supported by NIH P30 ES000210, T32 ES007060, P42 ES016465 and EPA #R835168. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multi-program laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 91 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 308 BP 32 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.013 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DW8RR UT WOS:000383923700004 PM 27538710 ER PT J AU House, SD Bonifacio, CS Grieshaber, RV Li, L Zhang, ZF Ciston, J Stach, EA Yang, JC AF House, Stephen D. Bonifacio, Cecile S. Grieshaber, Ross V. Li, Long Zhang, Zhongfan Ciston, Jim Stach, Eric A. Yang, Judith C. TI Statistical analysis of support thickness and particle size effects in HRTEM imaging of metal nanoparticles SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE HRTEM; Support effect; Nanoparticles; Particle size; Image artifacts; Cs aberration ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; IN-SITU; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; HREM; SPECTROSCOPY; GRAPHENE; CLUSTERS AB High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) examination of nanoparticles requires their placement on some manner of support - either TEM grid membranes or part of the material itself, as in many heterogeneous catalyst systems - but a systematic quantification of the practical imaging limits of this approach has been lacking. Here we address this issue through a statistical evaluation of how nanoparticle size and substrate thickness affects the ability to resolve structural features of interest in HRTEM images of metallic nanoparticles on common support membranes. The visibility of lattice fringes from crystalline Au nanoparticles on amorphous carbon and silicon supports of varying thickness was investigated with both conventional and aberration-corrected TEM. Over the 1-4 nm nanoparticle size range examined, the probability of successfully resolving lattice fringes differed significantly as a function both of nanoparticle size and support thickness. Statistical analysis was used to formulate guidelines for the selection of supports and to quantify the impact a given support would have on HRTEM imaging of crystalline structure. For nanoparticles >= 1 nm, aberration-correction was found to provide limited benefit for the purpose of visualizing lattice fringes; electron dose is more predictive of lattice fringe visibility than aberration correction. These results confirm that the ability to visualize lattice fringes is ultimately dependent on the signal-to-noise ratio of the HRTEM images, rather than the point-to-point resolving power of the microscope. This study provides a benchmark for HRTEM imaging of crystalline supported metal nanoparticles and is extensible to a wide variety of supports and nanostructures. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [House, Stephen D.; Bonifacio, Cecile S.; Grieshaber, Ross V.; Li, Long; Zhang, Zhongfan; Yang, Judith C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [House, Stephen D.; Bonifacio, Cecile S.; Grieshaber, Ross V.; Li, Long; Zhang, Zhongfan; Yang, Judith C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Ciston, Jim] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Li, Long] RJ Lee Grp Inc, Monroeville, PA 15146 USA. RP House, SD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.; House, SD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM sdh46@pitt.edu RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; House, Stephen/0000-0003-2035-6373 FU DOE BES [DE-FG02- 03ER15476]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This research project was supported by DOE BES under Contract No. DE-FG02- 03ER15476. The electron microscopy was performed at the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab which is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors kindly acknowledge Dr. Abhay Gautam for technical assistance with the evaporation of Au nanoparticles onto various support grids. The authors would also like to acknowledge Allison Gardner (University of Illinois) and Jie Li (University of Pittsburgh) for their valuable suggestions and discussions on statistical analysis. E.A.S. acknowledges funding to the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 EI 1879-2723 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 169 BP 22 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.06.007 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA DW7GL UT WOS:000383819100003 PM 27421079 ER PT J AU Chen, Z Weyland, M Ercius, P Ciston, J Zheng, C Fuhrer, MS D'Alfonso, AJ Allen, LJ Findlay, SD AF Chen, Z. Weyland, M. Ercius, P. Ciston, J. Zheng, C. Fuhrer, M. S. D'Alfonso, A. J. Allen, L. J. Findlay, S. D. TI Practical aspects of diffractive imaging using an atomic-scale coherent electron probe SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Diffractive imaging; Convergent beam electron diffraction; Differential phase contrast; Phase reconstruction ID MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; STEM; DETECTORS; IMAGES; PTYCHOGRAPHY; FIELDS AB Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) is a technique where a full two-dimensional convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) pattern is acquired at every STEM pixel scanned. Capturing the full diffraction pattern provides a rich dataset that potentially contains more information about the specimen than is contained in conventional imaging modes using conventional integrating detectors. Using 4D datasets in STEM from two specimens, monolayer MoS2 and bulk SrTiO3, we demonstrate multiple STEM imaging modes on a quantitative absolute intensity scale, including phase reconstruction of the transmission function via differential phase contrast imaging. Practical issues about sampling (i.e. number of detector pixels), signal-to-noise enhancement and data reduction of large 4D-STEM datasets are emphasized. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Z.; Zheng, C.; Fuhrer, M. S.; Findlay, S. D.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Weyland, M.] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Elect Microscopy, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Weyland, M.] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Ercius, P.; Ciston, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Natl Ctr Elect Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zheng, C.] Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [D'Alfonso, A. J.; Allen, L. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Chen, Z (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM zhen.chen@monash.edu RI Fuhrer, Michael/E-7634-2010; OI Fuhrer, Michael/0000-0001-6183-2773; Zheng, Changxi/0000-0002-7463-0289; Findlay, Scott/0000-0003-4862-4827 FU Australian Research Council [DP110102228, DP140102538]; DECRA funding scheme [DE130100739]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors wish to thank Drs N.R. Lugg and P.R. Miller for helpful discussions. This research was supported under the Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme (Projects DP110102228 and DP140102538) and its DECRA funding scheme (Project DE130100739). Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy is acknowledged for providing facilities for sample preparation, initial microscopy and data analysis. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 EI 1879-2723 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 169 BP 107 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.06.009 PG 15 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA DW7GL UT WOS:000383819100013 PM 27517162 ER PT J AU Finger, JW Hamilton, MT Metts, BS Glenn, TC Tuberville, TD AF Finger, John W., Jr. Hamilton, Matthew T. Metts, Brian S. Glenn, Travis C. Tuberville, Tracey D. TI Chronic Ingestion of Coal Fly-Ash Contaminated Prey and Its Effects on Health and Immune Parameters in Juvenile American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRACE-ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS; CROCODILES CROCODYLUS-POROSUS; CHRONIC DIETARY EXPOSURE; SNAKES NERODIA-FASCIATA; SELENIUM CONCENTRATIONS; REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE; MATERNAL TRANSFER; COMBUSTION WASTE; BUFO TERRESTRIS; SOUTHERN TOADS AB Coal-burning power plants supply approximately 37 % of the electricity in the United States. However, incomplete combustion produces ash wastes enriched with toxic trace elements that have historically been disposed of in aquatic basins. Organisms inhabiting such habitats may accumulate these trace elements; however, studies investigating the effects on biota have been primarily restricted to shorter-lived, lower-trophic organisms. The American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis), a long-lived, top-trophic carnivore, has been observed inhabiting these basins, yet the health or immune effects of chronic exposure and possible accumulation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated how chronic dietary ingestion of prey contaminated with coal combustion wastes (CCWs) for 25 months, and subsequent accumulation of trace elements present in CCWs, affected juvenile alligator immune function and health. Alligators were assigned to one of four dietary-treatment groups including controls and those fed prey contaminated with CCWs for one, two, or three times a week. However, no effect of Dietary Treatment (p > 0.05) was observed on any immune parameter or hematological or plasma analyte we tested. Our results suggest that neither exposure to nor accumulation of low doses of CCWs had a negative effect on certain aspects of the immune and hematological system. However, future studies are required to elucidate this further. C1 [Finger, John W., Jr.; Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Finger, John W., Jr.; Hamilton, Matthew T.; Metts, Brian S.; Tuberville, Tracey D.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Finger, John W., Jr.; Glenn, Travis C.; Tuberville, Tracey D.] Univ Georgia, Interdisciplinary Toxicol Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hamilton, Matthew T.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Finger, John W., Jr.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Metts, Brian S.] Grovetown Middle Sch, Grovetown, GA 30813 USA. RP Finger, JW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Finger, JW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.; Finger, JW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Interdisciplinary Toxicol Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Finger, JW (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM jwf0016@auburn.edu OI Finger, John/0000-0003-0661-7821 FU Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program; Department of Environmental Health Science at the University of Georgia; Area Closures Project FX Support was provided in part by Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 from Department of Energy to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. All experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Georgia (Approval No. A2010 11-561-Y3-A3). J. W. F. was funded by the Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program and the Department of Environmental Health Science at the University of Georgia. MTH and all sample analysis was funded by a grant from the Area Closures Project to T. D. T. We thank David E. Scott and Stacey L. Lance for their assistance with project design and dissections. Brett DeGregorio was instrumental in setting up the experimental tanks; Caitlin Kupar assisted with the collection of prey, and Matthew Atkinson helped conduct PHA assays on alligators. We would also like to thank John Seaman at SREL for guidance on tissue digestions and data interpretation. Thanks must also be extended to Suresh Benedict at Berrimah Veterinary Laboratories in Berrimah, NT, Australia, for advisement on BKAs and to Peter C. Thomson at the University of Sydney for statistical insight. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 EI 1432-0703 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 71 IS 3 BP 347 EP 358 DI 10.1007/s00244-016-0301-9 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DV5AI UT WOS:000382937100005 PM 27475646 ER PT J AU Henning, B Lu, XC Melia, T Murayama, H AF Henning, Brian Lu, Xiaochuan Melia, Tom Murayama, Hitoshi TI Hilbert series and operator bases with derivatives in effective field theories SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We introduce a systematic framework for counting and finding independent operators in effective field theories, taking into account the redundancies associated with use of the classical equations of motion and integration by parts. By working in momentum space, we show that the enumeration problem can be mapped onto that of understanding a polynomial ring in the field momenta. All-order information about the number of independent operators in an effective field theory is encoded in a geometrical object of the ring known as the Hilbert series. We obtain the Hilbert series for the theory of N real scalar fields in (0+1) dimensions-an example, free of space-time and internal symmetries, where aspects of our framework are most transparent. Although this is as simple a theory involving derivatives as one could imagine, it provides fruitful lessons to be carried into studies of more complicated theories: we find surprising and rich structure from an interplay between integration by parts and equations of motion and a connection with SL(2,) representation theory, which controls the structure of the operator basis. C1 [Henning, Brian; Lu, Xiaochuan; Melia, Tom; Murayama, Hitoshi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Henning, Brian; Lu, Xiaochuan; Melia, Tom; Murayama, Hitoshi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Murayama, Hitoshi] Univ Tokyo, Todai Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys andMathemat Univ WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. RP Henning, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Henning, B (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bhenning@berkeley.edu; luxiaochuan123456@berkeley.edu; tmelia@lbl.gov; hitoshi@berkeley.edu FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC03-76SF00098]; ERC [291377]; NSF [PHY-1316783]; JSPS [26400241, 15H05887]; WPI, MEXT, Japan FX We thank Landon Lehman, Adam Martin, Mike Zaletel, and Yeping Zhang for conversations and correspondence, and Takumi Murayama, Bernd Sturmfels, Yuji Tachikawa, and Kyoji Saito for valuable comments on an early version of this manuscript. TM is supported by U.S. DOE grant DE-AC02-05CH11231 and acknowledges computational resources provided through ERC Grant Number 291377: "LHCtheory". HM is supported in part by the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098, in part by the NSF under Grant PHY-1316783, in part by the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (No. 26400241), Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 15H05887), and by WPI, MEXT, Japan. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0010-3616 EI 1432-0916 J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS JI Commun. Math. Phys. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 347 IS 2 BP 363 EP 388 DI 10.1007/s00220-015-2518-2 PG 26 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA DV4YI UT WOS:000382931300002 ER PT J AU Goodman, J Lin, KK Morzfeld, M AF Goodman, Jonathan Lin, Kevin K. Morzfeld, Matthias TI Small-Noise Analysis and Symmetrization of Implicit Monte Carlo Samplers SO COMMUNICATIONS ON PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION; PARTICLE FILTERS; SYSTEMS; MODELS AB Implicit samplers are algorithms for producing independent, weighted samples from multivariate probability distributions. These are often applied in Bayesian data assimilation algorithms. We use Laplace asymptotic expansions to analyze two implicit samplers in the small noise regime. Our analysis suggests a symmetrization of the algorithms that leads to improved implicit sampling schemes at a relatively small additional cost. Computational experiments confirm the theory and show that symmetrization is effective for small noise sampling problems.(c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Goodman, Jonathan] Courant Inst, 251 Mercer St, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Lin, Kevin K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Math, 617 N Santa Rita Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Lin, Kevin K.] Univ Arizona, Program Appl Math, 617 N Santa Rita Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Morzfeld, Matthias] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Morzfeld, Matthias] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Morzfeld, Matthias] 1 Cyclotron Rd M-S 50A1148, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Goodman, J (reprint author), Courant Inst, 251 Mercer St, New York, NY 10012 USA. EM goodman@cims.nyu.edu; klin@math.arizona.edu; mmo@math.lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics Program [DE-AC02005CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Science Foundation [DMS-1217065, DMS-1418775, DMS-1419044] FX The work of Jonathan Goodman was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics Program under contract number DE-AC02005CH11231 under a subcontract from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to New York University. The work of Kevin Lin was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-1217065 and DMS-1418775. The work of Matthias Morzfeld was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Applied Mathematics Program under contract number DE-AC02005CH11231, and by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-1217065 and DMS-1419044. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0010-3640 EI 1097-0312 J9 COMMUN PUR APPL MATH JI Commun. Pure Appl. Math. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 IS 10 BP 1924 EP 1951 DI 10.1002/cpa.21592 PG 28 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA DV4YW UT WOS:000382932900003 ER PT J AU Huang, CK Zeng, Y Wang, Y Meyers, MD Yi, S Albright, BJ AF Huang, C. -K. Zeng, Y. Wang, Y. Meyers, M. D. Yi, S. Albright, B. J. TI Finite grid instability and spectral fidelity of the electrostatic Particle-In-Cell algorithm SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Finite grid instability; Particle-In-cell; Spectral fidelity; Numerical instability ID PLASMA SIMULATION; PIC SIMULATIONS; IMPLICIT; ENERGY AB The origin of the Finite Grid Instability (FGI) is studied by resolving the dynamics in the 1D electrostatic Particle-In-Cell (PIC) model in the spectral domain at the single particle level and at the collective motion level. The spectral fidelity of the PIC model is contrasted with the underlying physical system or the gridless model. The systematic spectral phase and amplitude errors from the charge deposition and field interpolation are quantified for common particle shapes used in the PIC models. It is shown through such analysis and in simulations that the lack of spectral fidelity relative to the physical system due to the existence of aliased spatial modes is the major cause of the FGI in the PIC model. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Huang, C. -K.; Zeng, Y.; Wang, Y.; Meyers, M. D.; Yi, S.; Albright, B. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Meyers, M. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Huang, CK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM huangck@lanl.gov OI Albright, Brian/0000-0002-7789-6525; Huang, Chengkun/0000-0002-3176-8042 FU U.S. Department of Energy through the LDRD program at LANL FX We are grateful to many of our colleagues for their valuable comments to this work. One of the authors (C.H.) would like to thank Prof. D.F. Escande for his lectures in Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) which motivated the analysis using the collective modes. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the LDRD program at LANL. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 207 BP 123 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2016.05.021 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DV9WT UT WOS:000383293600009 ER PT J AU Hakel, P AF Hakel, Peter TI FESTR: Finite-Element Spectral Transfer of Radiation spectroscopic modeling and analysis code SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Radiation transport; Raytracing ID X-RAY; LASER-PULSES; ATOMIC DATA; PLASMAS; OPACITY; DRIVEN; GRADIENTS; IMPLOSION AB We report on the development of a new spectral postprocessor of hydrodynamic simulations of hot, dense plasmas. Based on given time histories of one-, two-, and three-dimensional spatial distributions of materials, and their local temperature and density conditions, spectroscopically-resolved signals are computed. The effects of radiation emission and absorption by the plasma on the emergent spectra are simultaneously taken into account. This program can also be used independently of hydrodynamic calculations to analyze available experimental data with the goal of inferring plasma conditions. C1 [Hakel, Peter] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hakel, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hakel@lanl.gov OI Hakel, Peter/0000-0002-7936-4231 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. We thank C.J. Fontes, H.M. Johns, and D.P. Kilcrease for valuable suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 207 BP 415 EP 425 AR SICI 1016/j.cpc.2016.05.027 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DV9WT UT WOS:000383293600036 ER PT J AU Hu, LT Zhang, KN Cao, XY Li, Y Guo, CB AF Hu, Litang Zhang, Keni Cao, Xiaoyuan Li, Yi Guo, Chaobin TI IGMESH: A convenient irregular-grid-based pre- and post-processing tool for TOUGH2 simulator SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE TOUGH2; Pre- and post processing; Irregular grid; The Beishan area AB As a powerful simulator with input files in fixed-format formats, the capabilities of TOUGH2 simulator urge programmers to develop the pre- and post-processing programs. A new program (IGMESH) with Graphical User Interface (GUI) is introduced. The elements for spatial discrezation are classified into domain bound, boundary for refinement, well, fault, drift and free point, which will be discreted into a series of points. The Voronoi tessellation method is employed to generate Voronoi diagrams in the plane and the relation of neighbor points in a polygon is obtained from the geometric relationship of Voronoi diagrams. Three-dimensional mesh is built based on top elevation and thickness of each model layer. IGMESH provides functions for rock type assignment, boundary conditions, interpolation method of elevation and thickness, simulation results conversion and visualization with TECPLOT software. The case studies in the Beishan area demonstrate the applicability of the approach. IGMESH software has shown to be adequate to build quasi-3D unstructured grids from the beginning of numerical model build to the results analysis, and thus will facilitate the application of TOUGH2 simulator. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hu, Litang; Zhang, Keni; Cao, Xiaoyuan; Li, Yi] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Hu, Litang; Cao, Xiaoyuan; Li, Yi] Beijing Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Groundwater Pollut Control & Remedia, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Keni] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guo, Chaobin] Tongji Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China. RP Hu, LT (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM litanghu@bnu.edu.cn; keniz@hotmail.com; 787110395@qq.com; 745663519@qq.com; cubgcb@163.com FU Research and Development Project on Geological Disposal of High Level Radioactive Waste by State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense [2012-240]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41572220] FX This study was supported by the Research and Development Project on Geological Disposal of High Level Radioactive Waste by State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (Grant number: 2012-240) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant number: 41572220). We also thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments and suggestions. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 EI 1873-7803 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 95 BP 11 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2016.06.014 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA DV5ZU UT WOS:000383010000002 ER PT J AU Ono, FB Penido, ES Tappero, R Sparks, D Guilherme, LRG AF Ono, F. B. Penido, E. S. Tappero, R. Sparks, D. Guilherme, L. R. G. TI Bioaccessibility of Cd and Pb in tailings from a zinc smelting in Brazil: implications for human health SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Trace elements; Anthropogenic impacts; In vitro test; Environmental contamination ID CONTAMINATED SOILS INFLUENCE; ARSENIC BIOACCESSIBILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION; LEAD BIOAVAILABILITY; ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; EXTRACTION TEST; CADMIUM; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN AB Soils and wastes enriched with heavy metals may present ecological and human health risks. A considerable number of mining areas exist in Brazil, where high levels of metals have been found. However, studies of bioaccessibility of metals in soils/tailings from these areas are scarce, despite their potential informational contribution concerning exposure risks of residents near these areas. This study evaluated tailings collected from four sites of a zinc smelting area located in Brazil with aims to: (1) evaluate the presence of metals of potential concern; (2) investigate Cd and Pb bioaccessibility; and (3) determine the desorption kinetics of Cd and Pb. High concentrations of total Cd and Pb (up to 1743 mg Cd kg(-1) and 8675 mg Pb kg(-1)) and great variability were found in the tailings, indicating the importance of adequate planning for their final disposal, in order to avoid contamination in the surrounding environment. Cadmium and Pb bioaccessibility percentages in the intestinal phase were less than 47 and 4 %, respectively, which represents significant fractions not available for absorption in the intestinal tract. However, this material has to be monitored since its bioaccessibility may increase with eventual physicochemical changes, releasing Cd and Pb. Desorption kinetics experiments revealed that Pb in the samples remained in less labile fractions, whereas Cd was found in more labile fractions, which is in accordance with the bioaccessibility results. C1 [Ono, F. B.; Penido, E. S.; Guilherme, L. R. G.] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Soil Sci, CP 3037,Campus UFLA, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Tappero, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Beamline X27A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sparks, D.] Univ Delaware, Delaware Environm Inst, Interdisciplinary Sci & Engn Lab, Suite 250a, Delaware, DE 19716 USA. RP Guilherme, LRG (reprint author), Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Soil Sci, CP 3037,Campus UFLA, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. EM guilherm@dcs.ufla.br FU CNPq; CAPES; FAPEMIG; University of Delaware FX We gratefully acknowledge funding received from the CNPq, CAPES, and FAPEMIG. We would like to thank the Delaware Environmental Institute and Environmental Soil Chemistry research group of the University of Delaware, especially Matt Siebecker and Jerry Hendricks, for their assistance during the experimental analyses. Fabio Ono appreciates the Sandwich Doctorate fellowship for this work funded by Capes and also the support of the University of Delaware. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 39 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-4042 EI 1573-2983 J9 ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH JI Environ. Geochem. Health PD OCT PY 2016 VL 38 IS 5 BP 1083 EP 1096 DI 10.1007/s10653-015-9774-0 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources GA DU2CE UT WOS:000382017800003 PM 26493831 ER PT J AU Reda, K Johnson, AE Papka, ME Leigh, J AF Reda, Khairi Johnson, Andrew E. Papka, Michael E. Leigh, Jason TI Modeling and evaluating user behavior in exploratory visual analysis SO INFORMATION VISUALIZATION LA English DT Article DE Exploratory visual analysis; visual exploration; evaluation; insight-based evaluation ID INFORMATION VISUALIZATION; ANALYTICS; INSIGHT; DESIGN AB Empirical evaluation methods for visualizations have traditionally focused on assessing the outcome of the visual analytic process as opposed to characterizing how that process unfolds. There are only a handful of methods that can be used to systematically study how people use visualizations, making it difficult for researchers to capture and characterize the subtlety of cognitive and interaction behaviors users exhibit during visual analysis. To validate and improve visualization design, it is important for researchers to be able to assess and understand how users interact with visualization systems under realistic scenarios. This article presents a methodology for modeling and evaluating the behavior of users in exploratory visual analysis. We model visual exploration using a Markov chain process comprising transitions between mental, interaction, and computational states. These states and the transitions between them can be deduced from a variety of sources, including verbal transcripts, videos and audio recordings, and log files. This model enables the evaluator to characterize the cognitive and computational processes that are essential to insight acquisition in exploratory visual analysis and reconstruct the dynamics of interaction between the user and the visualization system. We illustrate this model with two exemplar user studies, and demonstrate the qualitative and quantitative analytical tools it affords. C1 [Reda, Khairi; Papka, Michael E.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 240, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Reda, Khairi; Leigh, Jason] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Johnson, Andrew E.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Papka, Michael E.] Northern Univ Illinois, De Kalb, IL USA. RP Reda, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 240, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kreda@anl.gov FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1473-8716 EI 1473-8724 J9 INFORM VISUAL JI Inf. Vis. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 15 IS 4 BP 325 EP 339 DI 10.1177/1473871616638546 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DV5DP UT WOS:000382946600006 ER PT J AU Coopersmith, EJ Cosh, MH Bell, JE Kelly, V Hall, M Palecki, MA Temimi, M AF Coopersmith, Evan J. Cosh, Michael H. Bell, Jesse E. Kelly, Victoria Hall, Mark Palecki, Michael A. Temimi, Marouane TI Deploying temporary networks for upscaling of sparse network stations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Soil moisture; Temporary networks; In-situ observation; Upscaling; Data mining ID CLIMATE REFERENCE NETWORK; SOIL-MOISTURE; STABILITY AB Soil observations networks at the national scale play an integral role in hydrologic modeling, drought assessment, agricultural decision support, and our ability to understand climate change. Understanding soil moisture variability is necessary to apply these measurements to model calibration, business and consumer applications, or even human health issues. The installation of soil moisture sensors as sparse, national networks is necessitated by limited financial resources. However, this results in the incomplete sampling of the local heterogeneity of soil type, vegetation cover, topography, and the fine spatial distribution of precipitation events. To this end, temporary networks can be installed in the areas surrounding a permanent installation within a sparse network. The temporary networks deployed in this study provide a more representative average at the 3 km and 9 km scales, localized about the permanent gauge. The value of such temporary networks is demonstrated at test sites in Millbrook, New York and Crossville, Tennessee. The capacity of a single U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) sensor set to approximate the average of a temporary network at the 3 km and 9 km scales using a simple linear scaling function is tested. The capacity of a temporary network to provide reliable estimates with diminishing numbers of sensors, the temporal stability of those networks, and ultimately, the relationship of the variability of those networks to soil moisture conditions at the permanent sensor are investigated. In this manner, this work demonstrates the single-season installation of a temporary network as a mechanism to characterize the soil moisture variability at a permanent gauge within a sparse network. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Coopersmith, Evan J.; Cosh, Michael H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bell, Jesse E.] Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites NC, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Kelly, Victoria] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Hall, Mark] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, NOAA ATDD, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Bell, Jesse E.; Palecki, Michael A.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. [Temimi, Marouane] CUNY, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Temimi, Marouane] Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. RP Coopersmith, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM evan@prognosticdatasolutions.com OI Palecki, Michael/0000-0002-1557-9866; Coopersmith, Evan/0000-0002-6223-4828 FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites - North Carolina [NA09NES4400006]; NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program [NNH10ZDA001N-THP]; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites - North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement NA09NES4400006. This work was also supported by the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program (NNH10ZDA001N-THP) and USDA Agricultural Research Service. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Additional thanks are owed to Howard Diamond and NOAA's Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division (ATDD). NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 52 BP 433 EP 444 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2016.07.013 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DV5XH UT WOS:000383003500040 ER PT J AU Vajravijayan, S Pletnev, S Pletnev, VZ Nandhagopal, N Gunasekaran, K AF Vajravijayan, S. Pletnev, S. Pletnev, V. Z. Nandhagopal, N. Gunasekaran, K. TI Structural analysis of beta-prism lectin from Colocasia esculenta (L.) S chott SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article DE Lectin; Colocasia esculenta; Protein purification; Crystallization; beta-prism ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BINDING; SPECIFICITY; PROTEIN; PURIFICATION; AGGLUTININ; RECEPTORS; INSIGHTS; SNOWDROP AB The Mannose-binding beta-Prism Colocasia esculenta lectin (beta-PCL) was purified from tubers using ion exchange chromatography. The purified beta-PCL appeared as a single band of similar to 12 kDa on SDS-PAGE. beta-PCL crystallizes in trigonal space group P3(1)21 and diffracted to a resolution of 2.1 angstrom. The structure was solved using Molecular replacement using Crocus vernus lectin (PDB: 3MEZ) as a model. From the final refined model to an R-factor of 16.5% and an Rfree of 20.4%, it has been observed that the biological unit consists of two beta-Prism domains augmented through C-terminals swap over to form one of faces for each domain. C alpha superposition of individual domains of beta-PCL with individual domains of other related structures and superposition of whole protein structures were carried out. The higher RMS deviation for the superposition of whole structures suggest that beta-prism domains assume different orientation in each structure. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vajravijayan, S.; Nandhagopal, N.; Gunasekaran, K.] Univ Madras, Ctr Adv Study Crystallog & Biophys, Guindy Campus, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. [Pletnev, S.] SAIC Frederick Inc, Basic Res Program, Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pletnev, V. Z.] Russian Acad Sci, Shemyakin Ovchinnikov Inst Bioorgan Chem, Moscow, Russia. RP Nandhagopal, N; Gunasekaran, K (reprint author), Univ Madras, Ctr Adv Study Crystallog & Biophys, Guindy Campus, Madras 600025, Tamil Nadu, India. EM nandhanu@gmail.com; gunaunom@gmail.com RI Pletnev, Vladimir/Q-6151-2016 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8130 EI 1879-0003 J9 INT J BIOL MACROMOL JI Int. J. Biol. Macromol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 91 BP 518 EP 523 DI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.048 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA DU6QH UT WOS:000382339200060 PM 27262515 ER PT J AU Park, C Heo, K Oh, S Kim, SB Lee, SH Kim, YH Kim, Y Lee, J Han, SO Lee, SW Kim, SW AF Park, Chulhwan Heo, Kwang Oh, Seokhyeon Kim, Sung Bong Lee, Sang Hun Kim, Yong Hwan Kim, Younghun Lee, Jinwon Han, Sung Ok Lee, Seung-Wuk Kim, Seung Wook TI Eco-design and evaluation for production of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid from carbohydrate wastes discharged after microalgae-based biodiesel production SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Microalgae; Beta-lactam antibiotics; 7-aminocephalosporanic acid; Process design; Economic evaluation ID ACREMONIUM-CHRYSOGENUM M35; CEPHALOSPORIN-C; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; FERMENTATION; EXTRACTION; CULTURE AB The production process of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) was designed, and green microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris, was used as the raw material for its production. After the oil extraction of C. vulgaris, the waste carbohydrates were utilized by Acremonium chrysogenum M35 as the carbon source to produce cephalosporin C (CPC). An adsorption process using a nonionic resin was designed for the purification of CPC. The resulting CPC was converted to 7-ACA, which was later purified by crystallization. The feasibility of the production process was evaluated by the economics and productivity, and factorial design was used as the statistical investigation of the significance of the factors. The results of the factorial design in this study indicate that the factors such as the carbohydrates quantity and CPC yield in the fermentation were significant for the production of 7-ACA, and the P-IYF (Process for the production of 7-ACA by increasing the fermentation yield) showed the best economic indices except P-SA (Process for the production of 7-ACA by a statistical analysis) among all the designed processes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Chulhwan; Oh, Seokhyeon; Kim, Yong Hwan; Kim, Younghun] Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 20 Kwangwoon Ro, Seoul 01897, South Korea. [Park, Chulhwan; Heo, Kwang; Lee, Seung-Wuk] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Syst & Engn Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Park, Chulhwan; Heo, Kwang; Lee, Sang Hun; Lee, Seung-Wuk] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Heo, Kwang] Sejong Univ, Dept Nanotechnol & Adv Mat Engn, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 05006, South Korea. [Kim, Sung Bong; Kim, Seung Wook] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 145 Anam Ro, Seoul 02841, South Korea. [Lee, Jinwon] Sogang Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 35 Baekbeom Ro, Seoul 04107, South Korea. [Han, Sung Ok] Korea Univ, Dept Biotechnol, 145 Anam Ro, Seoul 02841, South Korea. RP Park, C (reprint author), Kwangwoon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 20 Kwangwoon Ro, Seoul 01897, South Korea. EM chpark@kw.ac.kr RI Kim, Seung Wook/F-6955-2013 FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2057887]; C1 Gas Refinery Program through NRF - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [NRF-2016M3D3A1A01913548] FX This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2057887) and the C1 Gas Refinery Program through NRF funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2016M3D3A1A01913548). This research was conducted during the sabbatical year of Kwangwoon University (2015-2016). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 21 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 133 BP 511 EP 517 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.168 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT5TJ UT WOS:000381545200049 ER PT J AU Christon, MA Lu, R Bakosi, J Nadiga, BT Karoutas, Z Berndt, M AF Christon, Mark A. Lu, Roger Bakosi, Jozsef Nadiga, Balasubramanya T. Karoutas, Zeses Berndt, Markus TI Large-eddy simulation, fuel rod vibration and grid-to-rod fretting in pressurized water reactors SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Thermal-hydraulics; Nuclear reactor; Rod-bundles; Grid-to-rod fretting; Implicit large-eddy simulation; Nonlinear structural dynamics; Incompressible flow; Monotonicity preserving advection ID TURBULENT-FLOW AB Grid-to-rod fretting (GTRF) in pressurized water reactors is a flow-induced vibration phenomenon that results in wear and fretting of the cladding material on fuel rods. GTRF is responsible for over 70% of the fuel failures in pressurized water reactors in the United States. Predicting the GTRF wear and concomitant interval between failures is important because of the large costs associated with reactor shutdown and replacement of fuel rod assemblies. The GTRF-induced wear process involves turbulent flow, mechanical vibration, tribology, and time-varying irradiated material properties in complex fuel assembly geometries. This paper presents a new approach for predicting GTRF induced fuel rod wear that uses high-resolution implicit large-eddy simulation to drive nonlinear transient dynamics computations. The GTRF fluid-structure problem is separated into the simulation of the turbulent flow field in the complex-geometry fuel-rod bundles using implicit large-eddy simulation, the calculation of statistics of the resulting fluctuating structural forces, and the nonlinear transient dynamics analysis of the fuel rod. Ultimately, the methods developed here, can be used, in conjunction with operational management, to improve reactor core designs in which fuel rod failures are minimized or potentially eliminated. Robustness of the behavior of both the structural forces computed from the turbulent flow simulations and the results from the transient dynamics analyses highlight the progress made towards achieving a predictive simulation capability for the GTRF problem. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Christon, Mark A.] Computat Sci Int, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Christon, Mark A.; Bakosi, Jozsef; Nadiga, Balasubramanya T.; Berndt, Markus] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Methods Grp CCS 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lu, Roger; Karoutas, Zeses] Westinghouse Elect Co, Hopkins, SC 29061 USA. RP Nadiga, BT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Methods Grp CCS 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM machriston@c-sciences.com; lur@westinghouse.com; jbakosi@lanl.gov; balu@lanl.gov; karoutze@westinghouse.com; berndt@lanl.gov OI Berndt, Markus/0000-0001-5360-6848; Bakosi, Jozsef/0000-0002-0604-5555 FU Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors, an Energy Innovation Hub for Modeling and Simulation of Nuclear Reactors under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Los Alamos Report LA-UR-16-23692. This research was supported by the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (http://www.casl.gov), an Energy Innovation Hub (http ://www.energy.gov/hubs) for Modeling and Simulation of Nuclear Reactors under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This research used resources provided by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Institutional Computing Program, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors gratefully acknowledge the experimental data for the 5 x 5 rod bundle provided by Elvis Dominguez-Ontiveros and Yassin Hassan at Texas A&M. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 322 BP 142 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2016.06.042 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DT6HK UT WOS:000381585100008 ER PT J AU Barlow, AJ Maire, PH Rider, WJ Rieben, RN Shashkov, MJ AF Barlow, Andrew J. Maire, Pierre-Henri Rider, William J. Rieben, Robert N. Shashkov, Mikhail J. TI Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian methods for modeling high-speed compressible multimaterial flows SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian hydrodynamics; Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian hydrodynamics; Rezone; Remap; Multimaterial cells; Interface-aware sub-scale closure models; Staggered discretization; Cell-centered discretization; High-order methods ID PREDICTOR/MULTI-CORRECTOR METHOD; TENSOR ARTIFICIAL VISCOSITY; GENERAL UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; GAS-DYNAMICS EQUATIONS; INTERFACE RECONSTRUCTION; REMAPPING METHOD; SHOCK HYDRODYNAMICS; COMPUTING METHOD; MESH QUALITY; TOTAL-ENERGY AB This paper reviews recent developments in Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) methods for modeling high speed compressible multimaterial flows in complex geometry on general polygonal meshes. We only consider the indirect ALE approach which consists of three key stages: a Lagrangian stage, in which the solution and the computational mesh are updated; a rezoning stage, in which the nodes of the computational mesh are moved to improve grid quality; and a remapping stage, in which the Lagrangian solution is transferred to the rezoned mesh. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Barlow, Andrew J.] AWE, Aldermaston, England. [Maire, Pierre-Henri] CEA, CESTA, Le Barp, France. [Rider, William J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Rieben, Robert N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Shashkov, Mikhail J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Shashkov, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM Andy.Barlow@awe.co.uk; Pierre-Henri.MAIRE@CEA.FR; wjrider@sandia.gov; rieben1@llnl.gov; shashkov@lanl.gov RI Maire, Pierre-Henri/H-6219-2013 OI Maire, Pierre-Henri/0000-0002-4180-8220 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) Program in Applied Mathematics Research; French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-10-IDEX-03-02] FX The work of R. Rieben was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.; The work of M. Shashkov was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and the DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) Program in Applied Mathematics Research.; This work of P.-H. Maire has been carried out with financial support from the French State, managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR) in the frame of the Investments for the future Programme IdEx Bordeaux (ANR-10-IDEX-03-02). NR 180 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 322 BP 603 EP 665 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2016.07.001 PG 63 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DT6HK UT WOS:000381585100032 ER PT J AU Parker, SE Chacon, L AF Parker, Scott E. Chacon, Luis TI Preface to advances in numerical simulation of plasmas SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Parker, Scott E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Chacon, Luis] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87545 USA. RP Chacon, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87545 USA. EM chacon@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 322 BP 849 EP 849 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2016.07.013 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA DT6HK UT WOS:000381585100042 ER PT J AU Pekin, TC Allen, FI Minor, AM AF Pekin, T. C. Allen, F. I. Minor, A. M. TI Evaluation of neon focused ion beam milling for TEM sample preparation SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE FIB; GFIS; ion milling; LMIS; sample preparation; TEM ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SPECIMEN PREPARATION; DAMAGE; ALUMINUM; GOLD AB Gallium-based focused ion beams generated from liquid-metal sources are widely used in micromachining and sample preparation for transmission electron microscopy, with well-known drawbacks such as sample damage and contamination. In this work, an alternative (neon) focused ion beam generated by a gas field-ionization source is evaluated for the preparation of electron-transparent specimens. To do so, electron-transparent sections of Si and an Al alloy are prepared with both Ga and Ne ion beams for direct comparison. Diffraction-contrast imaging and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy are used to evaluate the relative damage induced by the two beams, and cross-sections of milled trenches are examined to compare the implantation depth with theoretical predictions from Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that for the beam voltages and materials systems investigated, Ne ion beam milling does not significantly reduce the focused ion beam induced artefacts. However, the Ne ion beam does enable more precise milling and may be of interest in cases where Ga contamination cannot be tolerated. C1 [Pekin, T. C.; Allen, F. I.; Minor, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pekin, T. C.; Allen, F. I.; Minor, A. M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Minor, AM (reprint author), One Cyclotron Rd,MS 72, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aminor@lbl.gov FU National Science Foundation CMMI/MoM program under GOALI Grant [1235610]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF grant from Major Research Instrumentation Program (NSF) [DMR-1338139]; Biomolecular Nanotechnology Center/QB3 at the University of California, Berkeley FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation CMMI/MoM program under GOALI Grant 1235610. Portions of this work were performed as a user project at the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.; The Zeiss Orion NanoFab microscope was funded by an NSF grant from the Major Research Instrumentation Program (NSF Award DMR-1338139) and is located at the Biomolecular Nanotechnology Center/QB3 at the University of California, Berkeley. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-2720 EI 1365-2818 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 264 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1111/jmi.12416 PG 5 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA DW3KA UT WOS:000383539300007 PM 27172066 ER PT J AU Lim, C Yan, B Kang, HX Song, ZB Lee, WC De Andrade, V De Carlo, F Yin, LL Kim, Y Zhu, LK AF Lim, Cheolwoong Yan, Bo Kang, Huixiao Song, Zhibin Lee, Wen Chao De Andrade, Vincent De Carlo, Francesco Yin, Leilei Kim, Youngsik Zhu, Likun TI Analysis of geometric and electrochemical characteristics of lithium cobalt oxide electrode with different packing densities SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Li ion battery; Synchrotron nano-computed tomography; Calendering; Packing density; Geometric characteristics ID LI-ION BATTERY; RAY NANO-TOMOGRAPHY; LICOO2 CATHODE; 3-DIMENSIONAL MICROSTRUCTURE; GALVANOSTATIC DISCHARGE; INTERCALATION ELECTRODE; POSITIVE ELECTRODE; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; POROUS-ELECTRODE; PERFORMANCE AB To investigate geometric and electrochemical characteristics of Li ion battery electrode with different packing densities, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) cathode electrodes were fabricated from a 94:3:3 (wt%) mixture of LiCoO2, polymeric binder, and super-P carbon black and calendered to different densities. A synchrotron X-ray nano-computed tomography system with a spatial resolution of 58.2 nm at the Advanced Photon Source of the Argonne National Laboratory was employed to obtain three dimensional morphology data of the electrodes. The morphology data were quantitatively analyzed to characterize their geometric properties, such as porosity, tortuosity, specific surface area, and pore size distribution. The geometric and electrochemical analysis reveal that high packing density electrodes have smaller average pore size and narrower pore, size distribution, which improves the electrical contact between carbon-binder matrix and LiCoO2 particles. The better contact improves the capacity and rate capability by reducing the possibility of electrically isolated LiCoO2 particles and increasing the electrochemically active area. The results show that increase of packing density results in higher tortuosity, but electrochemically active area is more crucial to cell performance than tortuosity at up to 3.6 g/cm(3) packing density and 4 C rate. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lim, Cheolwoong; Yan, Bo; Kang, Huixiao; Song, Zhibin; Lee, Wen Chao; Zhu, Likun] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 723 W Michigan St,Room SL 260 L, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Yan, Bo] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [De Andrade, Vincent; De Carlo, Francesco] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yin, Leilei] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kim, Youngsik] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Chem Engn, Ulsan, South Korea. RP Zhu, LK (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 723 W Michigan St,Room SL 260 L, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM likzhu@iupui.edu FU US National Science Foundation [1335850]; DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by US National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1335850 and used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Prof. Yongzhu Fu and Dr. Yadong Liu at IUPUI for helpful discussions about the electrochemical performance analysis. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 36 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 46 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.119 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DV9WR UT WOS:000383293400006 ER PT J AU Zenyuk, IV Parkinson, DY Connolly, LG Weber, AZ AF Zenyuk, Iryna V. Parkinson, Dilworth Y. Connolly, Liam G. Weber, Adam Z. TI Gas-diffusion-layer structural properties under compression via X-ray tomography SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Fuel-cells; Gas diffusion layers; Porosity; Pore-size distribution; Tortuosity; Compression ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS; LIQUID WATER SATURATION; OXYGEN-TRANSPORT RESISTANCE; REDOX-FLOW BATTERIES; NUMERICAL DETERMINATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; LOW-TEMPERATURES; POROUS-MEDIA; PEMFC GDLS; MICROSCOPY AB There is a need to understand the structure properties of gas-diffusion layers (GDLs) in order to optimize their performance in various electrochemical devices. This information is important for mathematical modelers, experimentalists, and designers. In this article, a comprehensive study of a large set of commercially available GDLs' porosity, tortuosity, and pore-size distribution (PSD) under varying compression is presented in a single study using X-ray computed tomography (CT), which allows for a noninvasive measurement. Porosities and PSDs are directly obtained from reconstructed stacks of images, whereas tortuosity is computed with a finite-element simulation. Bimodal PSDs due to the presence of binder are observed for most of the GDLs, approaching unimodal distributions at high compressions. Sample to sample variability is conducted to show that morphological properties hold across various locations. Tortuosity values are the lowest for MRC and Freudenberg, highest for TGP, and in-between for SGL papers. The exponents for the MRC and Freudenberg tortuosity demonstrate a very small dependence on compression because the shapes of the pores are spherical indicating minimal heterogeneity. From the representative-elementary-volume studies it is shown that domains of 1 x 1 mm in-plane and full thickness in through-plane directions accurately represent GDL properties. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zenyuk, Iryna V.; Connolly, Liam G.] Tufts Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 200 Boston Ave,2500, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Parkinson, Dilworth Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Sci Area, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Weber, Adam Z.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Technol Area, Energy Convers Grp, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zenyuk, IV (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 200 Boston Ave,2500, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM lryna.Zenyuk@tufts.edu OI Zenyuk, Iryna/0000-0002-1612-0475 FU Fuel Cell Performance and Durability Consortium (FC PAD) - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; LBNL [LB08003874]; Toyota Motor Company [LB08003874]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded under the Fuel Cell Performance and Durability Consortium (FC PAD) funded by the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, of the U. S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231, Program Development Manager Dimitrios Papageorgopoulos; and CRADA agreement LB08003874 between LBNL and Toyota Motor Company. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 21 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 364 EP 376 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.020 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DV9WR UT WOS:000383293400041 ER PT J AU Ou, SQ Zhao, Y Aaron, DS Regan, JM Mench, MM AF Ou, Shiqi Zhao, Yi Aaron, Douglas S. Regan, John M. Mench, Matthew M. TI Modeling and validation of single-chamber microbial fuel cell cathode biofilm growth and response to oxidant gas composition SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Microbial fuel cell; High performance computing; Oxygen transport; Cathodic biofilm growth; Transient model ID TRANSPORT; PERFORMANCE; GENERATION; DIFFUSION AB This work describes experiments and computational simulations to analyze single-chamber, air-cathode microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance and cathodic limitations in terms of current generation, power output, mass transport, biomass competition, and biofilm growth. Steady-state and transient cathode models were developed and experimentally validated. Two cathode gas mixtures were used to explore oxygen transport in the cathode: the MFCs exposed to a helium-oxygen mixture (heliox) produced higher current and power output than the group of MFCs exposed to air or a nitrogen-oxygen mixture (nitrox), indicating a dependence on gas-phase transport in the cathode. Multi-substance transport, biological reactions, and electrochemical reactions in a multi-layer and multi-biomass cathode biofilm were also simulated in a transient model. The transient model described biofilm growth over 15 days while providing insight into mass transport and cathodic dissolved species concentration profiles during biofilm growth. Simulation results predict that the dissolved oxygen content and diffusion in the cathode are key parameters affecting the power output of the air-cathode MFC system, with greater oxygen content in the cathode resulting in increased power output and fully-matured biomass. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ou, Shiqi; Aaron, Douglas S.; Mench, Matthew M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ou, Shiqi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. [Zhao, Yi; Regan, John M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. RP Mench, MM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Electrochem Energy Storage & Convers Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mmench@utk.edu FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-11-1-0531] FX This research was supported by the US Army Research Office, contract number: W911NF-11-1-0531. The authors thank Hiroyuki Kashima from Penn State for assistance with measurement of the cathode structure. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 24 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 328 BP 385 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.007 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DV9WR UT WOS:000383293400043 ER PT J AU Gao, ZW Gao, YF AF Gao, Zhiwen Gao, Yanfei TI Why do receptor-ligand bonds in cell adhesion cluster into discrete focal-adhesion sites? SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Receptor-ligand bond; Integrin density evolution; Cohesive interface model; Unstable crack growth; De-adhesion anisotropy ID PROBING MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES; CONVENTIONAL THEORY; PLANAR CRACK; CONTACT; CONTRACTILITY; NUCLEATION; PLASTICITY; STRENGTH; FRICTION; LIFETIME AB Cell adhesion often exhibits the clustering of the receptor-ligand bonds into discrete focal-adhesion sites near the contact edge, thus resembling a rosette shape or a contracting membrane anchored by a small number of peripheral forces. The ligands on the extra cellular matrix are immobile, and the receptors in the cell plasma membrane consist of two types: high-affinity integrins (that bond to the substrate ligands and are immobile) and low-affinity integrins (that are mobile and not bonded to the ligands). Thus the adhesion energy density is proportional to the high-affinity integrin density. This paper provides a mechanistic explanation for the clustering/assembling of the receptor-ligand bonds from two main points: (1) the cellular contractile force leads to the density evolution of these two types of integrins, and results into a large high-affinity integrin density near the contact edge and (2) the front of a propagating crack into a decreasing toughness field will be unstable and wavy. From this fracture mechanics perspective, the chemomechanical equilibrium is reached when a small number of patches with large receptorligand bond density are anticipated to form at the cell periphery, as opposed to a uniform distribution of bonds on the entire interface. Cohesive fracture simulations show that the de-adhesion force can be significantly enhanced by this nonuniform bond density field, but the de-adhesion force anisotropy due to the substrate elastic anisotropy is significantly reduced. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Zhiwen] Lanzhou Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mech Disaster & Environm Western China, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiwen] Lanzhou Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Mech, Dept Mech & Engn Sci, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Gao, Zhiwen; Gao, Yanfei] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Gao, Yanfei] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gao, ZW; Gao, YF (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM gaozhw@lzu.edu.cn; ygao7@utk.edu RI Gao, Yanfei/F-9034-2010 OI Gao, Yanfei/0000-0003-2082-857X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11272140, 10902046]; NSFC Innovative Research Group [11421062]; State Key Project of ITER on Magneto-Constrained Fusion Energy Development Program [2013GB110002B]; State Key Project of Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development [11327802]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [lzujbky-2015-176]; US National Science Foundation [CMMI 1300223] FX ZWG acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (11272140 and 10902046), the NSFC Innovative Research Group (11421062), the State Key Project of ITER on Magneto-Constrained Fusion Energy Development Program (2013GB110002B), the State Key Project of Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development (11327802), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (lzujbky-2015-176). YFG acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation (CMMI 1300223). We are grateful to Prof. Wei He at the University of Tennessee for fruitful discussions on cell biology, and also to the two reviewers for their thoughtful comments that have significantly improved this work. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD OCT PY 2016 VL 95 BP 557 EP 574 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2016.05.012 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA DV9XD UT WOS:000383294600030 ER PT J AU Liu, ZL Moore, JA Liu, WK AF Liu, Zeliang Moore, John A. Liu, Wing Kam TI An extended micromechanics method for probing interphase properties in polymer nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Micromechanics; Overlapping geometries; Boolean-Poisson model; Polymer composite; Viscoelasticity; Interphase; Inverse problem ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NONLINEAR COMPOSITES; MICROSTRUCTURE; FILLER AB Inclusions comprised on filler particles and interphase regions commonly form complex morphologies in polymer nanocomposites. Addressing these morphologies as systems of overlapping simple shapes allows for the study of dilute particles, clustered particles, and interacting interphases all in one general modeling framework. To account for the material properties in these overlapping geometries, weighted-mean and additive overlapping conditions are introduced and the corresponding inclusion-wise integral equations are formulated. An extended micromechanics method based on these overlapping conditions for linear elastic and viscoelastic heterogeneous material is then developed. An important feature of the proposed approach is that the effect of both the geometric overlapping (clustered particles) and physical overlapping (interacting interphases) on the effective properties can be distinguished. We apply the extended micromechanics method to a viscoelastic polymer nanocomposite with interphase regions, and estimate the properties and thickness of the interphase region based on experimental data for carbon-black filled styrene butadiene rubbers. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Zeliang] Northwestern Univ, Theoret & Appl Mech, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Moore, John A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Liu, Wing Kam] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Liu, WK (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM w-liu@northwestern.edu FU AFOSR [FA9550-14-1-0032]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-673797)] FX Z.L. and W.K.L. warmly thank the support from AFOSR Grant no. FA9550-14-1-0032. Z.L. would like to thank Stephen Lin and Benjamin Sonin for their parts in helpful discussions. This work performed, in part, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-673797). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD OCT PY 2016 VL 95 BP 663 EP 680 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2016.05.002 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA DV9XD UT WOS:000383294600036 ER PT J AU Mianroodi, JR Hunter, A Beyerlein, IJ Svendsen, B AF Mianroodi, J. R. Hunter, A. Beyerlein, I. J. Svendsen, B. TI Theoretical and computational comparison of models for dislocation dissociation and stacking fault/core formation in fcc crystals SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Phase field; Dislocation; Dissociation; Core; Stacking fault; Molecular statics ID PHASE FIELD MODEL; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CORE STRUCTURE; PEIERLS MODEL; ENERGY; DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES; AL AB The purpose of the current work is the theoretical and computational comparison of selected models for the energetics of dislocation dissociation resulting in stacking fault and partial dislocation (core) formation in fcc crystals as based on the (generalized) Peierls-Nabarro (GPN: e.g., Xiang et al., 2008; Shen et al., 2014), and phase-field (PF: e.g., Shen and Wang, 2004; Hunter et al., 2011, 2013; Mianroodi and Svendsen, 2015), methodologies (e.g., Wang and Li, 2010). More specifically, in the current work, the GPN-based model of Xiang et al. (2008) is compared theoretically with the PF-based models of Shen and Wang (2004), Hunter et al. (2011, 2013), and Mianroodi and Svendsen (2015). This is carried out here with the help of a unified formulation for these models via a generalization of the approach of Cahn and Hilliard (1958) to mechanics. Differences among these include the model forms for the free energy density psi(ela) of the lattice and the free energy density psi(sli) associated with dislocation slip. In the PF-based models, for example, psi(ela) is formulated with respect to the residual distortion H-R due to dislocation slip (e.g., Khachaturyan, 1983; Mura, 1987), and with respect to the dislocation tensor curl H-R in the GPN model (e.g., Xiang et al., 2008). As shown here, both model forms for psi(ela) are in fact mathematically equal and so physically equivalent On the other hand, model forms for psi(sli) differ in the assumed dependence on the phase or disregistry fields phi, whose spatial variation represents the transition from unslipped to slipped regions in the crystal. In particular, Xiang et al. (2008) and Hunter et al. (2011, 2013) work with psi(sli) (phi). On the other hand, Shen and Wang (2004) and Mianroodi and Svendsen (2015) employ psi(sli) (phi, del phi). To investigate the consequences of these differences for the modeling of the dislocation core, dissociation, and stacking fault formation, predictions from the models of Hunter et al. (2011, 2013) and Mianroodi and Svendsen (2015) are compared with results from molecular statics (MS) for the deformation field of dissociated edge and screw dipoles in Al and Au. Particularly notable is the agreement of the MS and PF strain field results for the case of perfect screw dissociation which, in contrast to the edge case, are characterized by asymmetric displacement and strain fields. The degree of this asymmetry is apparently related to the corresponding anisotropy ratio. As well, comparison of MS and PF disregistry fields implies that the gradient dependence of psi(sli) results in a broadening of the (otherwise too narrow) disregistry profile to the form predicted by MS. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mianroodi, J. R.; Svendsen, B.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Mat Mech, D-54062 Aachen, Germany. [Hunter, A.; Beyerlein, I. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663 MS T086, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Svendsen, B.] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, Microstruct Phys & Alloy Design, D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Mianroodi, JR (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Mat Mech, D-54062 Aachen, Germany. EM jaber.rezaeimianroodi@rwth-aachen.de FU Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program [LDRD 20160156ER, LDRD 20140348ER]; German Science Foundation (DFG) [SFB 761] FX A. Hunter and I.J. Beyerlein gratefully acknowledge support from the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program through project numbers LDRD 20160156ER and LDRD 20140348ER, respectively. J.R. Mianroodi and B. Svendsen gratefully acknowledge the support of the German Science Foundation (DFG) for Subproject A10 in the Collaborative Research Center SFB 761. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 EI 1873-4782 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD OCT PY 2016 VL 95 BP 719 EP 741 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2016.04.029 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA DV9XD UT WOS:000383294600040 ER PT J AU Chakraborty, P Biner, SB AF Chakraborty, Pritam Biner, S. Bulent TI Crystal plasticity modeling of irradiation effects on flow stress in pure-iron and iron-copper alloys SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE-VESSEL STEELS; BRITTLE TRANSITION; RPV STEELS; DUCTILE; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; DAMAGE; CURVE AB The mechanistic modeling of irradiation induced embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel steels strongly depends on the precise evaluation of flow stress behavior. This requires accurate characterization of change in both the yield strength as well as the strain-hardening capacity. A dislocation-density based crystal plasticity model is thus developed in this work to quantify these variations with irradiation. The model considers the interaction between dislocations and irradiation induced defects such as self interstitial atomic loops, vacancy clusters and precipitates to obtain flow stress variations in irradiated ferritic alloys. The model is calibrated and validated for polycrystalline pure-iron and iron-copper alloys, neutron-irradiated to different dose levels under typical pressure vessel operating conditions. A comparison with experimental results show that the model is able to quantify the changes in flow stress behavior accurately. At 0.2 dpa a loss of strain-hardening capacity beyond 2% strain is also obtained from the model. The yield strength increase with irradiation obtained from the model is also compared with analytical strengthening models based on Orowan's equation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chakraborty, Pritam; Biner, S. Bulent] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Modeling & Simulat Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RP Chakraborty, P (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Modeling & Simulat Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. EM pritam.chakraborty@inl.gov FU DOE Light Water Reactor Sustain ability Program; US Government under the Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was funded by the DOE Light Water Reactor Sustain ability Program. This manuscript was authored by contractors (Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC) of the US Government under the Department of Energy Contract No DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the publisher by accepting the paper for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 EI 1872-7743 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 101 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2016.07.013 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA DV9XR UT WOS:000383296000007 ER PT J AU Jian, SY Li, JW Chen, J Wang, GS Mayes, MA Dzantor, KE Hui, DF Luo, YQ AF Jian, Siyang Li, Jianwei Chen, Ji Wang, Gangsheng Mayes, Melanie A. Dzantor, Kudjo E. Hui, Dafeng Luo, Yiqi TI Soil extracellular enzyme activities, soil carbon and nitrogen storage under nitrogen fertilization: A meta-analysis SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen fertilization; Extracellular enzyme activities (EEA); Soil organic carbon (SOC); Microbial biomass carbon (MBC); Meta-analysis ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; ELEVATED CO2; ECOENZYMATIC STOICHIOMETRY; GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE; METHANE OXIDATION; DEPOSITION; ECOSYSTEM; RESPONSES; FOREST; LITTER AB Nitrogen (N) fertilization affects the rate of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition by regulating extracellular enzyme activities (EEA). Extracellular enzymes have not been represented in global biogeochemical models. Understanding the relationships among EEA and SOC, soil N (TN), and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) under N fertilization would enable modeling of the influence of EEA on SOC decomposition. Based on 65 published studies, we synthesized the activities of alpha-1,4-glucosidase (AG), beta-1,4-glucosidase (BG), beta-D-cellobiosidase (CBH), beta-1,4-xylosidase (BX), beta-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), leucine amino peptidase (LAP), urease (UREA), acid phosphatase (AP), phenol oxidase (PHO), and peroxidase (PEO) in response to N fertilization. The proxy variables for hydrolytic C acquisition enzymes (C-acq), N acquisition (N-acq), and oxidative decomposition (OX) were calculated as the sum of AG, BG, CBH and BX; AG and LAP; PHO and PEO, respectively. The relationships between response ratios (RRs) of EEA and SOC, TN, or. MBC were explored when they were reported simultaneously. Results showed that N fertilization significantly increased CBH, C-acq, AP, BX, BG, AG, and UREA activities by 6.4, 9.1, 10.6, 11.0, 11.2, 12.0, and 18.6%, but decreased PEO, OX and PHO by 6.1, 7.9 and 11.1%, respectively. N fertilization enhanced SOC and TN by 7.6% and 15.3%, respectively, but inhibited MBC by 9.5%. Significant positive correlations were found only between the RRs of C-acq and MBC, suggesting that changes in combined hydrolase activities might act as a proxy for MBC under N fertilization. In contrast with other variables, the RRs of AP, MBC, and TN showed unidirectional trends under different edaphic, environmental, and physiological conditions. Our results provide the first comprehensive set of evidence of how hydrolase and oxidase activities respond to N fertilization in various ecosystems. Future large-scale model projections could incorporate the observed relationship between hydrolases and microbial biomass as a proxy for C acquisition under global N enrichment scenarios in different ecosystems. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jian, Siyang; Li, Jianwei; Dzantor, Kudjo E.] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Chen, Ji] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, Key Lab Aerosol Chem & Phys, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. [Chen, Ji; Luo, Yiqi] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Wang, Gangsheng; Mayes, Melanie A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Gangsheng; Mayes, Melanie A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hui, Dafeng] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. RP Li, JW (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. EM jli2@tnstate.edu OI , Ji/0000-0001-7026-6312 FU USDA Evans-Allen grant [1005761]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research received financial support from the USDA Evans-Allen grant awarded to JL (No. 1005761). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank Steven Allison for constructive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We appreciate three anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful comments and suggestions. Thanks also go to the authors whose work was included in the meta-analyses. NR 87 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 96 U2 109 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 101 BP 32 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.07.003 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DV9ZH UT WOS:000383300200004 ER PT J AU Castle, SC Nemergut, DR Grandy, AS Leff, JW Graham, EB Hood, E Schmidt, SK Wickings, K Cleveland, CC AF Castle, Sarah C. Nemergut, Diana R. Grandy, A. Stuart Leff, Jonathan W. Graham, Emily B. Hood, Eran Schmidt, Steven K. Wickings, Kyle Cleveland, Cory C. TI Biogeochemical drivers of microbial community convergence across actively retreating glaciers SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Microbial succession; Soil carbon chemistry; Bacteria; Convergence; 16S rRNA gene sequencing; 454 ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; PRIMARY SUCCESSION; ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION; CATABOLIC DIVERSITY; MENDENHALL GLACIER; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BETA-DIVERSITY; MOUNT BAKER; BACTERIAL AB The ecological processes that influence biogeographical patterns of microorganisms are actively debated. To investigate how such patterns emerge during ecosystem succession, we examined the biogeochemical drivers of bacterial community assembly in soils over two environmentally distinct, recently deglaciated chronosequences separated by a distance of more than 1300 km. Our results show that despite different geographic, climatic, and soil chemical and physical characteristics at the two sites, soil bacterial community structure and decomposer function converged during plant succession. In a comparative analysis, we found that microbial communities in early succession soils were compositionally distinct from a diverse group of mature forest soils, but that the differences between successional soils and mature soils decreased from early to late stages of succession. Overall differences in bacterial community composition between sites were explained by soil pH. However, within-site successional patterns - leading to community convergence across sites at the latest stage of succession - were explained by alternate factors such as soil organic carbon and soil organic matter chemistry, which were correlated to bacterial community structure across both glacial and mature forest soils. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Castle, Sarah C.; Cleveland, Cory C.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Nemergut, Diana R.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Grandy, A. Stuart] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Leff, Jonathan W.; Schmidt, Steven K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Leff, Jonathan W.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Graham, Emily B.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Hood, Eran] Univ Southeast Alaska, Environm Sci Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Wickings, Kyle] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Castle, Sarah C.] 495 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Castle, SC (reprint author), 495 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sccastle@umn.edu OI Graham, Emily/0000-0002-4623-7076 FU National Science Foundation [NSF DEB-0922306]; Microbiomes in Transition (MinT) Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX We thank Noah Fierer and Chris Lauber for providing us with soil samples and Sean O'Neill for assistance with molecular sample processing. We thank Sasha Reed and several anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This project was funded the National Science Foundation (NSF DEB-0922306). E.B.G was supported by the Microbiomes in Transition (MinT) Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC05-76RL01830). NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 29 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 101 BP 74 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.07.010 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DV9ZH UT WOS:000383300200008 ER PT J AU Healey, AL Lupoi, JS Lee, DJ Sykes, RW Guenther, JM Tran, K Decker, SR Singh, S Simmons, BA Henry, RJ AF Healey, Adam L. Lupoi, Jason S. Lee, David J. Sykes, Robert W. Guenther, Joel M. Tran, Kim Decker, Stephen R. Singh, Seema Simmons, Blake A. Henry, Robert J. TI Effect of aging on lignin content, composition and enzymatic saccharification in Corymbia hybrids and parental taxa between years 9 and 12 SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Corymbia; Saccharification; Lignin; S/G; Bioproducts; Biofuels ID EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; PULP YIELD; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; WOOD FORMATION; HYDROLYSIS; BIOSYNTHESIS; PRETREATMENT; GROWTH; EFFICIENCY AB Corymbia (a eucalypt) is an important forestry genus and a potential lignocellulosic bioenergy feedstock. The composition of the lignocellulosic cell wall significantly impacts pretreatment efficiency and conversion to biofuel but is variable and changes with age. In this study, we estimated Klason lignin content, composition, and monosaccharide (glucose and xylose) release after enzymatic saccharification of untreated and hydrothermally pretreated biomass from Corymbia parental species Corymbia torelliana (CT), Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata (spotted gum; CCV), and interspecific F1 hybrids (CT x CCV) at ages 9 and 12 years from planting. Analysis of lignin composition derived from syringyl/guaiacyl monolignols (S/G) found significant differences among taxa, with CT S/G ratios (2.2 and 2.0) being significantly lower than CCV (2.6 and 2.3) or hybrids (2.5 and 2.3) at ages 9 and 12 respectively. In general, enzymatic saccharification yields from untreated biomass were significantly different among taxa, with CT (113 and 75 mg g(-1)) and hybrids (108 and 81 mg g(-1)) yielding significantly higher glucose from untreated biomass than CCV (82 and 56 mg g(-1)) at ages 9 and 12 respectively. Comparison of traits within taxa between ages 9 and 12 found S/G ratios and glucose yields from untreated biomass were significantly lower in CT, CCV and hybrid taxa. In conclusion, the formation of lignocellulosic cell walls is complex, influenced by genetics and age of material, requiring optimization of rotation age for biofuel production and other industrial processes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Healey, Adam L.; Simmons, Blake A.; Henry, Robert J.] Univ Queensland, Queensland Alliance Agr & Food Innovat, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Lupoi, Jason S.] Sage Analyt, 1650 38th St,Suite 101E, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Lee, David J.] Univ Sunshine Coast, Forest Ind Res Ctr, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia. [Lee, David J.] Dept Agr & Fisheries, Agri Sci Queensland, Forestry & Biosci, 1 Cartwright Rd, Gympie, Australia. [Sykes, Robert W.; Decker, Stephen R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sykes, Robert W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Guenther, Joel M.; Tran, Kim; Singh, Seema; Simmons, Blake A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Guenther, Joel M.; Tran, Kim; Singh, Seema; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biol & Engn Sci Ctr, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Decker, Stephen R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Healey, AL (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Queensland Alliance Agr & Food Innovat, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM a.healey1@uq.edu.au; jslupoi0213@gmail.com; dlee@usc.edu.au; Robert.Sykes@nrel.gov; JMGuenther@lbl.gov; KTran@lbl.gov; steve.decker@nrel.gov; seesing@sandia.gov; basimmons@lbl.gov; robert.henry@uq.edu.au FU Queensland government; University of Queensland; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Joint BioEnergy Institute; BioEnergy Science Center [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX Funding for this project was supported through the Future Biofuels collaboration between the Queensland government and The University of Queensland. This research was also supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. DOE contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the Joint BioEnergy Institute and DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the BioEnergy Science Center. Additionally, the authors would like to thank John Oostenbrink (Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries) for assisting with the collection of the 12-year-old material and Jacqueline Sztepanacz for providing statistical advice. The enzymes used were obtained as a gift from Novozymes. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 93 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.06.016 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA DU9MF UT WOS:000382541000008 ER PT J AU Maddi, B Panisko, E Wietsma, T Lemmon, T Swita, M Albrecht, K Howe, D AF Maddi, Balakrishna Panisko, Ellen Wietsma, Thomas Lemmon, Teresa Swita, Marie Albrecht, Karl Howe, Daniel TI Quantitative characterization of the aqueous fraction from hydrothermal liquefaction of algae SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrothermal liquefaction; Algae; Biofuels; Thermochemical conversions; Wastewater analysis ID BIO-OIL; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; BIOMASS; PYROLYSIS; GASIFICATION; FEEDSTOCKS; PRODUCTS; PERSPECTIVE; CONVERSION AB The aqueous fraction generated from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of algae contains approximately 20-35% of the total carbon present in the algal feed. Hence, this aqueous fraction can be utilized to produce liquid fuels and/or specialty chemicals for economic sustainability of HTL on an industrial scale. In this study, aqueous fractions produced from HTL of freshwater and saline-water algal cultures were analyzed using a wide variety of analytical instruments to determine their compositional characteristics. Organic chemical compounds present in eight aqueous fractions were identified using two-dimensional gas chromatography equipped with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Identified compounds include organic acids, nitrogen compounds and aldehydes/ketones. Conventional gas chromatography and liquid chromatography methods were utilized to quantify the identified compounds. Inorganic species in the aqueous stream from HTL of algae also were quantified using ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The concentrations of organic chemical compounds and inorganic species are reported. The amount quantified carbon ranged from 45 to 72% of the total carbon in the aqueous fractions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Maddi, Balakrishna; Panisko, Ellen; Wietsma, Thomas; Lemmon, Teresa; Swita, Marie; Albrecht, Karl; Howe, Daniel] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Howe, D (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Daniel.howe@pnnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This manuscript was written by staff members at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), which is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The authors would like to thank Andrew Schmidt at PNNL for supplying the aqueous byproduct generated from HTL of saline-water and freshwater algae. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 21 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 93 BP 122 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.07.010 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA DU9MF UT WOS:000382541000016 ER PT J AU Hasan, A Saliba, J Modarres, HP Bakhaty, A Nasajpour, A Mofrad, MRK Sanati-Nezhad, A AF Hasan, Anwarul Saliba, John Modarres, Hassan Pezeshgi Bakhaty, Ahmed Nasajpour, Amir Mofrad, Mohammad R. K. Sanati-Nezhad, Amir TI Micro and nanotechnologies in heart valve tissue engineering SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Review DE Heart valves; Tissue engineering; Nanotechnologies; Microtechnologies; Scaffolds; Hydrogels ID IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; TARGETED GENE DELIVERY; INDUCED PLATELET ACTIVATION; FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; FREE EMBOLI FORMATION; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; IN-VITRO; AORTIC-VALVE AB Due to the increased morbidity and mortality resulting from heart valve diseases, there is a growing demand for off-the-shelf implantable tissue engineered heart valves (TEHVs). Despite the significant progress in recent years in improving the design and performance of TEHV constructs, viable and functional human implantable TEHV constructs have remained elusive. The recent advances in micro and nanoscale technologies including the microfabrication, nano-microfiber based scaffolds preparation, 3D cell encapsulated hydrogels preparation, microfluidic, micro-bioreactors, nano-microscale biosensors as well as the computational methods and models for simulation of biological tissues have increased the potential for realizing viable, functional and implantable TEHV constructs. In this review, we aim to present an overview of the importance and recent advances in micro and nano-scale technologies for the development of TEHV constructs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hasan, Anwarul] Qatar Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Doha 2713, Qatar. [Hasan, Anwarul; Saliba, John] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Hasan, Anwarul; Nasajpour, Amir] Harvard Med Sch, Biomat Innovat Res Ctr, Div Biomed Engn, Dept Med,Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Modarres, Hassan Pezeshgi; Sanati-Nezhad, Amir] Univ Calgary, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, BioMEMS & Bioinspired Microfluid Lab, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Modarres, Hassan Pezeshgi; Sanati-Nezhad, Amir] Univ Calgary, Ctr BioEngn Res & Educ, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Modarres, Hassan Pezeshgi; Bakhaty, Ahmed; Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Mol Cell Biomech Lab, Dept Bioengn, 208A Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Modarres, Hassan Pezeshgi; Bakhaty, Ahmed; Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Mol Cell Biomech Lab, Dept Mech Engn, 208A Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hasan, A (reprint author), Qatar Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Doha 2713, Qatar.; Sanati-Nezhad, A (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, BioMEMS & Bioinspired Microfluid Lab, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. EM ahasan@qu.edu.qa; amir.sanatinezhad@ucalgary.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research of Canada; Qatar Foundation [NPRP9-144-3-021]; Qatar University [QUUG-CENG-MIE-15/16-7, QUST-CENG-FALL-15/16-20]; American University of Beirut; CNRS from National Council for Scientific Research, Lebanon FX The authors acknowledge the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research of Canada, NPRP9-144-3-021 from Qatar Foundation, QUUG-CENG-MIE-15/16-7 and QUST-CENG-FALL-15/16-20 from Qatar University, the Farouk Jabre interdisciplinary research award from American University of Beirut, and the CNRS grant from National Council for Scientific Research, Lebanon, for the support for this paper. NR 242 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 50 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 EI 1878-5905 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD OCT PY 2016 VL 103 BP 278 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.07.001 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DT6KB UT WOS:000381592000024 PM 27414719 ER PT J AU Lange, R ter Heine, R Knapp, R de Klerk, JMH Bloemendal, HJ Hendrikse, NH AF Lange, Rogier ter Heine, Rob Knapp, Russ (FF) de Klerk, John M. H. Bloemendal, Haiko J. Hendrikse, N. Harry TI Pharmaceutical and clinical development of phosphonate-based radiopharmaceuticals for the targeted treatment of bone metastases SO BONE LA English DT Review DE Bone metastases; Therapeutic bone-targeting radiopharmaceuticals; Phosphonates; Alpha emitters; Beta emitters; Conversion electron emitters ID RE-188 HYDROXYETHYLIDENE DIPHOSPHONATE; PAINFUL OSSEOUS METASTASES; REFRACTORY PROSTATE CARCINOMA; SKELETAL-RELATED EVENTS; METAL-ION SPECIATION; CARRIER-FREE RE-188; IN-VIVO; QUALITY-CONTROL; IODINE-131-LABELED DIPHOSPHONATES; PALLIATIVE TREATMENT AB Therapeutic phosphonate-based radiopharmaceuticals radiolabeled with beta, alpha and conversion electron emitting radioisotopes have been investigated for the targeted treatment of painful bone metastases for >35 years. We performed a systematic literature search and focused on the pharmaceutical development, pre-clinical research and early human studies of these radiopharmaceuticals. The characteristics of an ideal bone-targeting therapeutic radiopharmaceutical are presented and compliance with these criteria by the compounds discussed is verified. The importance of both composition and preparation conditions for the stability and biodistribution of several agents is discussed. Very few studies have described the characterization of these products, although knowledge on the molecular structure is important with respect to in vivo behavior. This review discusses a total of 91 phosphonate-based therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, of which only six agents have progressed to clinical use. Extensive clinical studies have only been described for Re-186-HEDP, Re-188-HEDP and Sm-153-EDTMP. Of these, Sm-153-EDTMP represents the only compound with worldwide marketing authorization. Lu-177-EDTMP has recently received approval for clinical use in India. This review illustrates that a thorough understanding of the radiochemistry of these agents is required to design simple and robust preparation and quality control methods, which are needed to fully exploit the potential benefits of these theranostic radiopharmaceuticals. Extensive biodistribution and dosimetry studies are indispensable to provide the portfolios that are required for assessment before human administration is possible. Use of the existing knowledge collected in this review should guide future research efforts and may lead to the approval of new promising agents. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lange, Rogier] Meander Med Ctr, Dept Clin Pharm, POB 1502, NL-3800 BM Amersfoort, Netherlands. [ter Heine, Rob] Radboud Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [ter Heine, Rob; de Klerk, John M. H.] Meander Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Amersfoort, Netherlands. [Knapp, Russ (FF)] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Med Radioisotope Program, Nucl Secur & Isotope Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Bloemendal, Haiko J.] Meander Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med Med Oncol, Amersfoort, Netherlands. [Hendrikse, N. Harry] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Pharmacol & Pharm, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bloemendal, Haiko J.] Univ Med Ctr, Dept Med Oncol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hendrikse, N. Harry] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Lange, R (reprint author), Meander Med Ctr, Dept Clin Pharm, POB 1502, NL-3800 BM Amersfoort, Netherlands. EM r.lange@meandermc.nl NR 161 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 8756-3282 EI 1873-2763 J9 BONE JI Bone PD OCT PY 2016 VL 91 BP 159 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.bone.2016.08.002 PG 21 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DU7YX UT WOS:000382431600018 PM 27496068 ER PT J AU Ross, RD Mashiatulla, M Acerbo, AS Almer, JD Miller, LM Johnson, ML Sumner, DR AF Ross, Ryan D. Mashiatulla, Maleeha Acerbo, Alvin S. Almer, Jonathan D. Miller, Lisa M. Johnson, Mark L. Sumner, D. Rick TI HBM Mice Have Altered Bone Matrix Composition and Improved Material Toughness SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE HBM; LRP5; Matrix composition; Mineralization; Collagen cross-linking; Toughness ID HUMAN CORTICAL BONE; INTRINSIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN-5; INBRED MOUSE STRAINS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; X-RAY-SCATTERING; OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AB The G171V mutation in the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) leads to a high bone mass (HBM) phenotype. Studies using HBM transgenic mouse models have consistently found increased bone mass and whole-bone strength, but little attention has been paid to the composition of the bone matrix. The current study sought to determine if the cortical bone matrix composition differs in HBM and wild-type mice and to determine how much of the variance in bone material properties is explained by variance in matrix composition. Consistent with previous studies, HBM mice had greater cortical area, moment of inertia, ultimate force, bending stiffness, and energy to failure than wild-type animals. The increased energy to failure was primarily caused by a large increase in post-yield behavior, with no difference in pre-yield behavior. The HBM mice had increased mineral-to-matrix and collagen cross-link ratios, and decreased crystallinity, carbonate, and acid phosphate substitution as measured by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, but no differences in crystal length, intra-fibular strains, and mineral spacing compared to wild-type controls, as measured by X-ray scattering. The largest between genotype difference in material properties was a twofold increase in the modulus of toughness in HBM mice. Step-wise regression analyses showed that the specific matrix compositional parameters most closely associated with material properties varied between the wild-type and HBM genotypes. Although the mechanisms controlling the paradoxical combination of more mineralized yet tougher bone in HBM mice remain to be fully explained, the findings suggest that LRP5 represents a target to not only build bone mass but also to improve bone quality. C1 [Ross, Ryan D.; Mashiatulla, Maleeha; Sumner, D. Rick] Rush Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Med Ctr, 600 South Paulina,Suite 507, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Sumner, D. Rick] Rush Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Mashiatulla, Maleeha; Sumner, D. Rick] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Chicago, IL USA. [Acerbo, Alvin S.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Acerbo, Alvin S.; Miller, Lisa M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Almer, Jonathan D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Johnson, Mark L.] Univ Missouri, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Kansas City, MO USA. RP Ross, RD (reprint author), Rush Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Med Ctr, 600 South Paulina,Suite 507, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM ryan_ross@rush.edu FU NIH [R01 AR053949] FX This work was supported by NIH Grant R01 AR053949 (MLJ). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0171-967X EI 1432-0827 J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 99 IS 4 BP 384 EP 395 DI 10.1007/s00223-016-0154-2 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DV0TT UT WOS:000382633200007 PM 27230741 ER PT J AU Hu, QN Aboustait, M Kim, T Ley, MT Hanan, JC Bullard, J Winarski, R Rose, V AF Hu, Qinang Aboustait, Mohammed Kim, Taehwan Ley, M. Tyler Hanan, Jay C. Bullard, Jeffrey Winarski, Robert Rose, Volker TI Direct three-dimensional observation of the microstructure and chemistry of C3S hydration SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microstructure; Ca3SiO5; Hydration product; EDX; Nano-tomography ID C-S-H; CALCIUM SILICATE HYDRATE; CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS; RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; BETA-DICALCIUM SILICATE; TRICALCIUM SILICATE; PORTLAND-CEMENT; ALITE HYDRATION; FLY-ASH; MICROSCOPY AB Disagreements about the mechanisms of cement hydration remain despite the fact that portland cement has been studied extensively for over 100 years. One reason for this is that direct observation of the change in microstructure and chemistry are challenging for many experimental techniques. This paper presents results from synchrotron nano X-ray tomography and fluorescence imaging. The data show unprecedented direct observations of small collections of C3S particles before and after different periods of hydration in 15 mmol/L lime solution. X-ray absorption contrast is used to make three dimensional maps of the changes of these materials with time. The chemical compositions of hydration products are then identified with X-ray fluorescence mapping and scanning electron microscopy. These experiments are used to provide insight into the rate and morphology of the microstructure formation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hu, Qinang; Aboustait, Mohammed; Kim, Taehwan; Ley, M. Tyler] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hanan, Jay C.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Tulsa, OK 74106 USA. [Bullard, Jeffrey] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Winarski, Robert; Rose, Volker] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rose, Volker] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hu, QN (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM Qinang@okstate.edu RI Rose, Volker/B-1103-2008; OI Rose, Volker/0000-0002-9027-1052; Hu, Qinang/0000-0002-3841-8280; Kim, Taehwan/0000-0003-4371-7178 FU Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) program [DTFH61-12-H-00003]; United State National Science Foundation [CMMI 1150404]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was sponsored by funding from Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) program Award #: DTFH61-12-H-00003 and funding from the United State National Science Foundation CMMI 1150404 CAREER Award. We thank our collaborators, George Scherer (Princeton University), Brad Chmelka (University of California, Santa Barbara), Andreas Luttge and Rolf Arvidson (University of Bremen), Denise Silva and Josephine Cheung (W.R. Grace) and Larry Robert (Roberts Consulting), for their insightful advice on this work. The XRD and ICP-OES measurements were made at W.R. Grace by Jeffrey Nicolich. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials and the Advanced Photon Source were supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 EI 1873-3948 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 88 BP 157 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.07.006 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA DV3EH UT WOS:000382803300015 ER PT J AU Bensema, K Gosink, L Obermaier, H Joy, KI AF Bensema, Kevin Gosink, Luke Obermaier, Harald Joy, Kenneth I. TI Modality-Driven Classification and Visualization of Ensemble Variance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE Scientific visualization; ensemble visualization; modality classification ID INFORMATION-THEORETIC FRAMEWORK; VISUAL ANALYSIS; UNCERTAINTY; FLOW; GLYPHS AB Advances in computational power now enable domain scientists to address conceptual and parametric uncertainty by running simulations multiple times in order to sufficiently sample the uncertain input space. While this approach helps address conceptual and parametric uncertainties, the ensemble datasets produced by this technique present a special challenge to visualization researchers as the ensemble dataset records a distribution of possible values for each location in the domain. Contemporary visualization approaches that rely solely on summary statistics (e.g., mean and variance) cannot convey the detailed information encoded in ensemble distributions that are paramount to ensemble analysis; summary statistics provide no information about modality classification and modality persistence. To address this problem, we propose a novel technique that classifies high-variance locations based on the modality of the distribution of ensemble predictions. Additionally, we develop a set of confidence metrics to inform the end-user of the quality of fit between the distribution at a given location and its assigned class. Finally, for the special application of evaluating the stability of bimodal regions, we develop local and regional metrics. C1 [Bensema, Kevin] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gosink, Luke] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Obermaier, Harald] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Joy, Kenneth I.] Univ Calif Davis, Inst Data Anal & Visualizat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bensema, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kbensema@ucdavis.edu; Luke.Gosink@pnnl.gov; hobermaier@ucdavis.edu; joy@cs.ucdavis.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 EI 1941-0506 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 22 IS 10 BP 2289 EP 2299 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2015.2507569 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DV1IM UT WOS:000382674500008 PM 26685249 ER PT J AU Kuang, YD Lindsay, L Shi, SQ Wang, XJ Huang, BL AF Kuang, Youdi Lindsay, Lucas Shi, Sanqiang Wang, Xinjiang Huang, Baoling TI Thermal conductivity of graphene mediated by strain and size SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Phonon thermal transport; Graphene; First principles; Strain and size effects ID SINGLE-LAYER GRAPHENE; TRANSPORT; GRAPHITE AB Based on first-principles calculations and full iterative solution of the linearized Boltzmann-Peierls transport equation for phonons, we systematically investigate effects of strain, size and temperature on the thermal conductivity k of suspended graphene. The calculated size-dependent and temperature dependent k for finite samples agree well with experimental data. The results show that, contrast to the convergent room-temperature k = 5450 W/m-K of unstrained graphene at a sample size similar to 8 cm, k of strained graphene diverges with increasing the sample size even at high temperature. Out-of-plane acoustic phonons are responsible for the significant size effect in unstrained and strained graphene due to their ultralong mean free path and acoustic phonons with wavelength smaller than 10 nm contribute 80% to the intrinsic room temperature k of unstrained graphene. Tensile strain hardens the flexural modes and increases their lifetimes, causing interesting dependence of k on sample size and strain due to the competition between boundary scattering and intrinsic phonon-phonon scattering. k of graphene can be tuned within a large range by strain for the size larger than 500 mu m. These findings shed light on the nature of thermal transport in two-dimensional materials and may guide predicting and engineering k of graphene by varying strain and size. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kuang, Youdi; Wang, Xinjiang] Jinan Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Kuang, Youdi] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Kuang, Youdi; Shi, Sanqiang] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lindsay, Lucas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Shi, Sanqiang] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. RP Shi, SQ; Huang, BL (reprint author), Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM san.qiang.shi@polyu.edu.hk; mebhuang@ust.hk RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012; Huang, Baoling/G-8685-2011 OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993; Huang, Baoling/0000-0001-7507-5371 NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 20 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 EI 1879-2189 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 101 BP 772 EP 778 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.05.072 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA DS1XB UT WOS:000380417300076 ER PT J AU Mercer, B Mandadapu, KK Papadopoulos, P AF Mercer, Brian Mandadapu, Kranthi K. Papadopoulos, Panayiotis TI Homogenization of high-frequency wave propagation in linearly elastic layered media using a continuum Irving-Kirkwood theory SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Multiscale; Homogenization; Irving-Kirkwood theory; High-frequency waves; Wave dispersion ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; COMPOSITES; SOLIDS AB This article presents an application of a recently developed continuum homogenization theory, inspired by the classical work of Irving and Kirkwood, to the homogenization of plane waves in layered linearly elastic media. The theory explicitly accounts for the effects of microscale dynamics on the macroscopic definition of stress. It is shown that for problems involving high-frequency wave propagation, the macroscopic stress predicted by the theory differs significantly from classical homogenized stress definitions. The homogenization of plane waves is studied to illustrate key aspects and implications of the theory, including the characteristics of the homogenized macroscopic stress and the influence of frequency on the determination of an intermediate asymptotic length scale. In addition, a method is proposed for predicting the homogenized stress field in a one-dimensional bar subjected to a frequency-dependent forced vibration using only knowledge of the boundary conditions and the material's dispersion solution. Furthermore, it is shown that due to the linearity of the material, the proposed method accurately predicts the homogenized stress for any time-varying displacement or stress boundary condition that can be expressed as a sum of time-periodic signals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mercer, Brian; Papadopoulos, Panayiotis] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mandadapu, Kranthi K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mandadapu, Kranthi K.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mandadapu, KK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Mandadapu, KK (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kranthi@berkeley.edu; panos@berkeley.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 EI 1879-2146 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 96 BP 162 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2016.06.011 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA DT2QE UT WOS:000381324700015 ER PT J AU Zheng, B Chen, LP Hu, XZ Chen, L Nochetto, RH Xu, JC AF Zheng, Bin Chen, Luoping Hu, Xiaozhe Chen, Long Nochetto, Ricardo H. Xu, Jinchao TI Fast Multilevel Solvers for a Class of Discrete Fourth Order Parabolic Problems SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Fourth order problem; Multigrid method; GMRes; Mass lumping; Preconditioner ID CAHN-HILLIARD EQUATION; FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHODS; 2-BY-2 LINEAR-SYSTEMS; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; MULTIGRID METHODS; DIFFERENCE SCHEME; ERROR ANALYSIS; WAVE-EQUATION AB In this paper, we study fast iterative solvers for the solution of fourth order parabolic equations discretized by mixed finite element methods. We propose to use consistent mass matrix in the discretization and use lumped mass matrix to construct efficient preconditioners. We provide eigenvalue analysis for the preconditioned system and estimate the convergence rate of the preconditioned GMRes method. Furthermore, we show that these preconditioners only need to be solved inexactly by optimal multigrid algorithms. Our numerical examples indicate that the proposed preconditioners are very efficient and robust with respect to both discretization parameters and diffusion coefficients. We also investigate the performance of multigrid algorithms with either collective smoothers or distributive smoothers when solving the preconditioner systems. C1 [Zheng, Bin] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chen, Luoping] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Math, Chengdu 611756, Peoples R China. [Hu, Xiaozhe] Tufts Univ, Dept Math, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Chen, Long] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Nochetto, Ricardo H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Math, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Nochetto, Ricardo H.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Xu, Jinchao] Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Zheng, B (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM binzhengmath@gmail.com; clpchenluoping@163.com; Xiaozhe.Hu@tufts.edu; chenlong@math.uci.edu; rhn@math.umd.edu; xu@math.psu.edu FU NSF [DMS-0807811, DMS-1418934, DMS-1109325, DMS-1411808, DMS-1522615]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11501473]; NIH [P50GM76516]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0014400, DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX B. Zheng would like to acknowledge the support by NSF Grant DMS-0807811 and a Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. L.P. Chen was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11501473. L. Chen was supported by NSF Grant DMS-1418934 and in part by NIH Grant P50GM76516. R.H. Nochetto was supported by NSF under Grants DMS-1109325 and DMS-1411808. J. Xu was supported by NSF Grant DMS-1522615 and in part by US Department of Energy Grant DE-SC0014400. Computations were performed using the computational resources of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Institutional Computing cluster systems. The PNNL is operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 IS 1 BP 201 EP 226 DI 10.1007/s10915-016-0189-6 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DV2LP UT WOS:000382752400009 ER PT J AU Rotundo, N Kim, TY Jiang, W Heltai, L Fried, E AF Rotundo, Nella Kim, Tae-Yeon Jiang, Wen Heltai, Luca Fried, Eliot TI Error Analysis of a B-Spline Based Finite-Element Method for Modeling Wind-Driven Ocean Circulation SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Quasigeostrophic equations; Stream function; Vorticity; Nitsche's method; Optimal convergence ID DIRICHLET BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC EQUATIONS; INTERFACE PROBLEMS; ISOGEOMETRIC ANALYSIS; NITSCHES METHOD; FORMULATION; MECHANICS; FLOWS; NURBS AB We present the results of an error analysis of a B-spline based finite-element approximation of the stream-function formulation of the large scale wind-driven ocean circulation. In particular, we derive optimal error estimates for h-refinement using a Nitsche-type variational formulations of the two simplied linear models of the stationary quasigeostrophic equations, namely the Stommel and Stommel-Munk models. Numerical results obtained from simulations performed on rectangular and embedded geometries confirm the error analysis. C1 [Rotundo, Nella] Weierstrass Inst, Mohrenstr 39, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. [Kim, Tae-Yeon] Khalifa Univ, Civil Infrastruct & Environm Engn, Abu Dhabi 127788, U Arab Emirates. [Jiang, Wen] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Heltai, Luca] Scuola Int Super Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. [Fried, Eliot] Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol Grad Univ, Math Soft Matter Unit, Onna, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. RP Fried, E (reprint author), Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol Grad Univ, Math Soft Matter Unit, Onna, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. EM nella.rotundo@wias-berlin.de; taeyeon.kim@kustar.ac.ae; jiangwen84@gmail.com; luca.heltai@sissa.it; eliot.fried@oist.jp RI Kim, Tae-Yeon/P-5766-2016; OI Kim, Tae-Yeon/0000-0003-4743-6023; Heltai, Luca/0000-0001-5514-4683; Jiang, Wen/0000-0001-6978-9159 FU ERC-AdG [267802]; project OpenViewSHIP, "Sviluppo di un ecosistema computazionale per la progettazione idrodinamica del sistema elica-carena"; Regione FVG - PAR FSC; Fondo per lo Sviluppo e la Coesione; project "TRIM - Tecnologia e Ricerca Industriale per la Mobilita Marina" [CTN01-00176-163601]; MIUR, the Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; Cabinet Office, Government of Japan FX The work has been partially supported by (N.R.) ERC-2010-AdG No. 267802 Analysis of Multiscale Systems Driven by Functionals, and by (L.H.) project OpenViewSHIP, "Sviluppo di un ecosistema computazionale per la progettazione idrodinamica del sistema elica-carena", supported by Regione FVG - PAR FSC 2007-2013, Fondo per lo Sviluppo e la Coesione and by the project "TRIM - Tecnologia e Ricerca Industriale per la Mobilita Marina", CTN01-00176-163601, supported by MIUR, the Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research. E.F. gratefully acknowledges support from the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University with subsidy funding from the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 69 IS 1 BP 430 EP 459 DI 10.1007/s10915-016-0201-1 PG 30 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA DV2LP UT WOS:000382752400018 ER PT J AU Townsend, A Senin, N Blunt, L Leach, RK Taylor, JS AF Townsend, A. Senin, N. Blunt, L. Leach, R. K. Taylor, J. S. TI Surface texture metrology for metal additive manufacturing: a review SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Metal additive manufacturing; Surface texture; Metrology ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TOP SURFACE; LASER; ROUGHNESS; PARTS; TI-6AL-4V; DEPOSITION; POWDER; STEEL AB A comprehensive analysis of literature pertaining to surface texture metrology for metal additive manufacturing has been performed. This review paper structures the results of this analysis into sections that address specific areas of interest: industrial domain; additive manufacturing processes and materials; types of surface investigated; surface measurement technology and surface texture characterisation. Each section reports on how frequently specific techniques, processes or materials have been utilised and discusses how and why they are employed. Based on these results, possible optimisation of methods and reporting is suggested and the areas that may have significant potential for future research are highlighted. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Townsend, A.; Blunt, L.] Univ Huddersfield, EPSRC Ctr Innovat Mfg Adv Metrol, Huddersfield, W Yorkshire, England. [Senin, N.; Leach, R. K.] Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Mfg Metrol Team, Nottingham, England. [Senin, N.] Univ Perugia, Dept Engn, Perugia, Italy. [Taylor, J. S.] Univ North Carolina Charlotte, Ctr Precis Metrol, Charlotte, NC USA. [Taylor, J. S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. RP Townsend, A (reprint author), Univ Huddersfield, CE3-04 Canalside East, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, W Yorkshire, England. EM a.townsend@hud.ac.uk OI Leach, Richard/0000-0001-5777-067X FU UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) funding of the EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Advanced Metrology [EP/1033424/1]; EC; EPSRC [EP/M008983/1]; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX AT and LB gratefully acknowledge the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) funding of the EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Advanced Metrology (Grant Ref: EP/1033424/1). NS and RKL would like to thank the EC for the MC-IEF-METROSURF grant, RKL would also like to thank the EPSRC for the EP/M008983/1 grant. JT would like to acknowledge that his contribution was prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and in collaboration with the Center for Precision Metrology at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte. NR 118 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 62 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-6359 EI 1873-2372 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 46 BP 34 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2016.06.001 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DU6SJ UT WOS:000382344600003 ER PT J AU Panas, RM AF Panas, Robert M. TI Large displacement behavior of double parallelogram flexure mechanisms with underconstraint eliminators SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Underconstraint elimination; Four-bar flexure; Folded flexure; Double parallelogram flexure; Nested linkage; Nonlinear beam analysis; Elastokinematic effect; Large displacement axial stiffness; Large stroke; Flexure mechanism ID COMB-DRIVE ACTUATORS; BEAM; SUSPENSION; SYSTEMS; DESIGN; RANGE AB This paper presents a new analytical method for predicting the large displacement behavior of flexural double parallelogram (DP) bearings with underconstraint eliminator (UE) linkages. This closed-form perturbative Euler analysis method is able to - for the first time - directly incorporate the elastomechanics of a discrete UE linkage, which is a hybrid flexure element that is linked to ground as well as both stages on the bearing. The models are used to understand a nested linkage UE design, however the method is extensible to other UE linkages. Design rules and figures-of-merit are extracted from the analysis models, which provide powerful tools for accelerating the design process. The models, rules and figures-of-merit enable the rapid design of a UE for a desired large displacement behavior, as well as providing a means for determining the limits of UE and DP structures. This will aid in the adoption of UE linkages into DP bearings for precision mechanisms. Models are generated for a nested linkage UE design, and the performance of this DP with UE structure is compared to a DP-only bearing. The perturbative Euler analysis is shown to match existing theories for DP-only bearings with distributed compliance within approximate to 2%, and Finite Element Analysis for the DP with UE bearings within an average 10%. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Panas, Robert M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-229,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Panas, RM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-229,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM panas3@llnl.gov FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Institutional Postdoc Account [31006/12.1.1.A.4]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was funded by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Institutional Postdoc Account (31006/12.1.1.A.4), and performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-657740. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-6359 EI 1873-2372 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 46 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2016.06.010 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DU6SJ UT WOS:000382344600039 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Pulido, A Martinez-Gutierrez, H Calderon-Polania, GA Lozano, MAG Cullen, DA Terrones, H Smith, DJ Terrones, M AF Rodriguez-Pulido, A. Martinez-Gutierrez, H. Calderon-Polania, G. A. Gonzalez Lozano, M. A. Cullen, D. A. Terrones, H. Smith, D. J. Terrones, M. TI Anchorage of gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Alumina; Carbon nanotubes; Coating ID NANORODS; DEPOSITION AB Nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNx-MWNTs) have been decorated with gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles by a novel method. This process involved a wet chemical approach in conjunction with thermal treatment. During the particle anchoring process, individual CNx-MWNT nanotubes agglomerated into bundles, resulting in arrays of aligned CNx-MWNT coated with gamma-Al2O3. Extensive characterization of the resulting gamma-Al2O3/CNx-MWNT bundles was performed using a range of electron microscopy imaging and microanalytical techniques. A possible mechanism explaining the nanobundle alignment is described, and possible applications of these materials for the fabrication of ceramic composites using CNx-MWNTs are briefly discussed. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Rodriguez-Pulido, A.; Calderon-Polania, G. A.] Univ Autonoma Noreste, Dept Invest & Posgrad, Ac, Coahuila, Mexico. [Rodriguez-Pulido, A.; Gonzalez Lozano, M. A.] Univ Juarez Estado Durango, Fac Ciencias Quim, Durango, Mexico. [Martinez-Gutierrez, H.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Unidad Zacatenco, CNMN, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Cullen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Terrones, H.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, 110 Eighth St, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Smith, D. J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Mat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Smith, D. J.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Terrones, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Rodriguez-Pulido, A (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Noreste, Dept Invest & Posgrad, Ac, Coahuila, Mexico.; Rodriguez-Pulido, A (reprint author), Univ Juarez Estado Durango, Fac Ciencias Quim, Durango, Mexico. EM investigacion_arp@hotmail.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 17 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.03.012 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DT5QS UT WOS:000381538300005 ER PT J AU Argibay, N Furnish, TA Boyce, BL Clark, BG Chandross, M AF Argibay, N. Furnish, T. A. Boyce, B. L. Clark, B. G. Chandross, M. TI Stress-dependent grain size evolution of nanocrystalline Ni-W and its impact on friction behavior SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Nanocrystalline metal; Wear; Friction; Plastic deformation; Microstructural evolution ID STATIC FRICTION; SLIDING WEAR; METALS; ALLOY; CONTACT; COATINGS; NICKEL AB The friction behavior of ultra-nanocrystalline Ni-W coatings was investigated. A critical stress threshold was identified below which friction remained low, and above which a time-dependent evolution toward higher friction behavior occurred. Founded on established plasticity models we propose a correlation between surface grain size and applied stress that can be used to predict the critical stress separating the two friction regimes. This interpretation of plasticity models suggests that macro-scale low and high friction regimes are respectively associated with the nano-scale mechanisms of grain boundary and dislocation-mediated plasticity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Argibay, N.; Furnish, T. A.; Boyce, B. L.; Clark, B. G.; Chandross, M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Chandross, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Mat Sci & Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM mechand@sandia.gov FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), under FWP Award [15013170]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Brendan Nation for performing friction measurements, Michael Rye for TEM specimen preparation in FIB, and Mark Rodriguez for determination of initial grain size via XRD. The authors would also like to acknowledge Chris Schuh (MIT) for providing specimens and Tim Rupert (UC Irvine) for helpful conversations about prior literature. BLB, TF, and BGC would like to acknowledge support from the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), under FWP Award #15013170, for investigation of the mechanically-induced abnormal grain growth phenomenon and its impact on mechanical properties evolution. The mechanical testing and analytic modeling was funded by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 26 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.009 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DT5QS UT WOS:000381538300007 ER PT J AU Cheng, GM Xu, WZ Wang, YQ Misra, A Zhu, YT AF Cheng, G. M. Xu, W. Z. Wang, Y. Q. Misra, A. Zhu, Y. T. TI Grain size effect on radiation tolerance of nanocrystalline Mo SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Radiation damage; Body-centered cubic (bcc); Nanocrystalline; Grain size effect; Magnetron sputtering ID MICROSCOPE IMAGE-CONTRAST; SMALL DISLOCATION LOOPS; THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; IRRADIATED MOLYBDENUM; ION IRRADIATION; DAMAGE; HELIUM; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES AB We report a significant grain size effect on radiation tolerance of nanocrystalline Mo under He ion irradiation. Irradiation -induced dislocation loops mainly contribute to the irradiation-induced hardening of Mo films with grain size of >90 nm, while few such loops in those with grain size of <90 nm. The hardness increment after irradiation decreases with decreasing the grain size, and approaches zero at the grain size of 25 nm. Also, the size and the density of irradiation-induced He bubbles decrease as the grain size decreases. This observation provides direct evidence that nanocrystalline body-centered-cubic metals have greater radiation tolerance than their ultra-fine-grained or coarse-grained counterparts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cheng, G. M.; Xu, W. Z.; Zhu, Y. T.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Y. Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Misra, A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ytzhu@ncsu.edu RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program office of the Idaho National Laboratory; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE nanoscience user facility; State of North Carolina; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program office of the Idaho National Laboratory. He ion implantation was supported by Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE nanoscience user facility jointly operated by Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories. The authors wish to thank Dr. Dieter Wolf whose insight and discussions with the authors inspired and initiated the current study on bcc metals. The authors acknowledge the use of the Analytical Instrumentation Facility (AIF) at North Carolina State University, which is supported by the State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 90 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.06.007 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DT5QS UT WOS:000381538300022 ER PT J AU Guthrey, H Johnston, S Weiss, DN Grover, S Jones, K Blosse, A Al-Jassim, M AF Guthrey, Harvey Johnston, Steve Weiss, Dirk N. Grover, Sachit Jones, Kim Blosse, Alain Al-Jassim, Mowafak TI Three-dimensional minority-carrier collection channels at shunt locations in silicon solar cells SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Multicrystalline silicon; Shunts; Characterization; Precipitates ID MULTICRYSTALLINE SILICON; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS; CLASSIFICATION; RECOMBINATION; IMPURITIES; EFFICIENCY; DEFECTS; WAFERS; STATES AB In this contribution, we demonstrate the value of using a multiscale multi-technique characterization approach to study the performance-limiting defects in multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) photovoltaic devices. The combination of dark lock-in thermography (DLIT) imaging, electron beam induced current imaging, and both transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM) on the same location revealed the nanoscale origin of the optoelectronic properties of shunts visible at the device scale. Our site-specific correlative approach identified the shunt behavior to be a result of three-dimensional inversion channels around structural defects decorated with oxide precipitates. These inversion channels facilitate enhanced minority-carrier transport that results in the increased heating observed through DLIT imaging. The definitive connection between the nanoscale structure and chemistry of the type of shunt investigated here allows photovoltaic device manufacturers to immediately address the oxygen content of their mc-Si absorber material when such features are present, instead of engaging in costly characterization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Guthrey, Harvey; Johnston, Steve; Jones, Kim; Al-Jassim, Mowafak] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Weiss, Dirk N.; Grover, Sachit; Blosse, Alain] Scifiniti, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. [Weiss, Dirk N.; Grover, Sachit] First Solar, Tempe, AZ USA. [Jones, Kim] Whiting Petr Inc, Denver, CO USA. RP Guthrey, H (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM harvey.guthrey@nrel.gov FU National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the Non-Proprietary Partnering Program [DE-AC36-08-G028308]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory as a part of the Non-Proprietary Partnering Program under Contract Number DE-AC36-08-G028308 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 135 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.solener.2016.05.023 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA DV3AN UT WOS:000382793500017 ER PT J AU Xie, Y Sengupta, M Dudhia, J AF Xie, Yu Sengupta, Manajit Dudhia, Jimy TI A Fast All-sky Radiation Model for Solar applications (FARMS): Algorithm and performance evaluation SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Solar radiation; Radiative transfer model; Cloud ID CLOUD OPTICAL-THICKNESS; PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; ACCURATE PARAMETERIZATION; LARGE PARTICLES; CLIMATE MODELS; PART I; IRRADIANCE; CLEAR; SURFACE AB Radiative transfer (RT) models simulating broadband solar radiation have been widely used by atmospheric scientists to model solar resources for various energy applications such as operational forecasting. Due to the complexity of solving the RT equation, the computation under cloudy conditions can be extremely time consuming though many approximations (e.g. two-stream approach and delta-M truncation scheme) have been utilized. Thus, a more efficient RT model is crucial for model developers as a new option for approximating solar radiation at the land surface with minimal loss of accuracy. In this study, we developed a fast all-sky radiation model for solar applications (FARMS) using the simplified clear-sky RT model, REST2, and simulated cloud transmittances and reflectances from Rapid Radiation Transfer Model (RRTM) with a sixteen-stream Discrete Ordinates Radiative Transfer (DISORT). Simulated lookup tables (LUTs) of cloud transmittances and reflectances are created by varying cloud optical thicknesses, cloud particle sizes, and solar zenith angles. Equations with optimized parameters are fitted to the cloud transmittances and reflectances to develop the model. The all-sky solar irradiance at the land surface can then be computed rapidly by combining REST2 with the cloud transmittances and reflectances. This new RT model is more than 1000 times faster than those currently utilized in solar resource assessment and forecasting since it does not explicitly solve the RT equation for each individual cloud condition. Our results indicate the accuracy of the fast radiative transfer model is comparable to or better than two-stream approximation in term of computing cloud transmittance and solar radiation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xie, Yu; Sengupta, Manajit] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Power Syst Engn Ctr, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Dudhia, Jimy] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Xie, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Power Syst Engn Ctr, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM yu.xie@nrel.gov RI Dudhia, Jimy/B-1287-2008 OI Dudhia, Jimy/0000-0002-2394-6232 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; DOE Solar Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.; We would also like to acknowledge the DOE Solar Program for supporting this research. Specifically we would like to thank Minh Le, Dr. Ranga Pitchumani and Dr. Subhashree Mishra for their support and encouragement. We also thank the four anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 135 BP 435 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.003 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA DV3AN UT WOS:000382793500045 ER PT J AU Doubleday, K Choi, B Maksimovic, D Deline, C Olalla, C AF Doubleday, Kate Choi, Beomseok Maksimovic, Dragan Deline, Chris Olalla, Carlos TI Recovery of inter-row shading losses using differential power-processing submodule DC-DC converters SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Photovoltaic systems; Power electronics; Partial shading; Energy conversion; Power system simulation ID MISMATCHED PV SYSTEMS; PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS; PERFORMANCE; ARCHITECTURES AB Large commercial photovoltaic (PV) systems can experience regular and predictable energy loss due to both inter-row shading and reduced diffuse irradiance in tightly spaced arrays. This paper investigates the advantages of replacing bypass diodes with submodule-integrated DC-DC converters (subMICs) to mitigate these losses. Yearly simulations of commercial-scale PV systems were conducted considering a range of row-to-row pitches. In the limit case of array spacing (unity ground coverage), subMICs can confer a 7% increase in annual energy output and peak energy density (kW h/m(2)). Simulation results are based on efficiency assumptions experimentally confirmed by prototype submodule differential power-processing converters. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Doubleday, Kate; Choi, Beomseok; Maksimovic, Dragan] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Deline, Chris] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Olalla, Carlos] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Tarragona, Spain. RP Deline, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM chris.deline@nrel.gov OI Deline, Christopher/0000-0002-9867-8930 FU Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AR0000216]; People Programme of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under REA [626117] FX This work was supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, under Award DE-AR0000216 and in part by the People Programme of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement no. 626117. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 135 BP 512 EP 517 DI 10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA DV3AN UT WOS:000382793500053 ER PT J AU Doyle, JL Kuhn, K Byerly, B Colletti, L Fulwyler, J Garduno, K Keller, R Lujan, E Martinez, A Myers, S Porterfield, D Spencer, K Stanley, F Townsend, L Thomas, M Walker, L Xu, N Tandon, L AF Doyle, Jamie L. Kuhn, Kevin Byerly, Benjamin Colletti, Lisa Fulwyler, James Garduno, Katherine Keller, Russell Lujan, Elmer Martinez, Alexander Myers, Steve Porterfield, Donivan Spencer, Khalil Stanley, Floyd Townsend, Lisa Thomas, Mariam Walker, Laurie Xu, Ning Tandon, Lay TI Nuclear forensic analysis of a non-traditional actinide sample SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Np; Neptunium oxide; Nuclear forensics; Chronometry ID NEPTUNIUM; PU-238; CONTAMINATION; PLUTONIUM; AM-241 AB Nuclear forensic publications, performance tests, and research and development efforts typically target the bulk global inventory of intentionally safeguarded materials, such as plutonium (Pu) and uranium (U). Other materials, such as neptunium (Np), pose a nuclear security risk as well. Trafficking leading to recovery of an interdicted Np sample is a realistic concern especially for materials originating in countries that reprocesses fuel. Using complementary forensic methods, potential signatures for an unknown Np oxide sample were investigated. Measurement results were assessed against published Np processes to present hypotheses as to the original intended use, method of production, and origin for this Np oxide. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Doyle, Jamie L.; Kuhn, Kevin; Byerly, Benjamin; Colletti, Lisa; Fulwyler, James; Garduno, Katherine; Keller, Russell; Lujan, Elmer; Martinez, Alexander; Myers, Steve; Porterfield, Donivan; Spencer, Khalil; Stanley, Floyd; Townsend, Lisa; Thomas, Mariam; Walker, Laurie; Xu, Ning; Tandon, Lay] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Doyle, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM doyle@lanl.gov OI Byerly, Benjamin/0000-0003-0165-8122 FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, National Technical Nuclear Forensics Center [HSHQDC-14-X-00028] FX The authors would like to thank a number of individuals who assisted in collection and compilation of the data presented here. These individuals include Sharla Dempsey, Karen Duran-Suazo, James Dyke, David Gallimore, Maria De La Torre-Garcia, Michele Gubernatis, Terry Hahn, Kenneth Laintz, Frances Martin, David Martinez, Partrick Martinez, Paul Mendoza, Jeffrey Miller, Dominic Peterson, Joseph Rodriguez III, Constance Soderberg, Julie Trujillo, Christopher Worley, Andres Valdez, Grace Vuyisich, and Cari Zocco. Special thanks must be given to Steve Chase, formerly of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (currently with FEMA). This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, National Technical Nuclear Forensics Center [Grant number HSHQDC-14-X-00028]. This support does not constitute an express or implied endorsement on the part of the Government. This document is LA-UR-16-21338. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 EI 1873-3573 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 159 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.06.028 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DT2PD UT WOS:000381322000029 PM 27474299 ER PT J AU Luo, HW Xu, F AF Luo, Hong-Wei Xu, Fang TI Bioreduction and reoxidation of uranium enhanced by thiol functional groups in natural organic matter (Retraction of Vol 147, Pg 20, 2016) SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Retraction C1 [Luo, Hong-Wei; Xu, Fang] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, CAS Key Lab Urban Pollutant Convers, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Luo, Hong-Wei] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Luo, Hong-Wei] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Luo, HW (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, CAS Key Lab Urban Pollutant Convers, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2016 VL 161 BP 563 EP 563 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.059 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU7QH UT WOS:000382409200067 PM 27516053 ER PT J AU Luo, HW AF Luo, Hong-Wei TI Effect of thiols enrichment on Cr(VI) photo-reduction by natural organic matter (NOM) (Retraction of Vol 151, Pg 234, 2016) SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Retraction C1 [Luo, Hong-Wei] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Luo, Hong-Wei] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Luo, Hong-Wei] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Luo, HW (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD OCT PY 2016 VL 161 BP 564 EP 564 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.060 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU7QH UT WOS:000382409200068 PM 27516054 ER PT J AU Zhao, QT Cao, SC Liu, M Sheng, XK Wang, YR Zong, Y Zhang, XM Jing, Y Cheng, R Zhao, YT Zhang, ZM Du, YC Gai, W AF Zhao, Quantang Cao, S. C. Liu, M. Sheng, X. K. Wang, Y. R. Zong, Y. Zhang, X. M. Jing, Y. Cheng, R. Zhao, Y. T. Zhang, Z. M. Du, Y. C. Gai, W. TI High energy electron radiography system design and simulation study of beam angle-position correlation and aperture effect on the images SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE High energy electron radiography; Imaging lens system; Linear achromat; Angle-position correlation AB A beam line dedicated to high-energy electron radiography experimental research with linear achromat and imaging lens systems has been designed. The field of view requirement on the target and the beam angle-position correlation correction can be achieved by fine-tuning the fields of the quadrupoles used in the achromat in combination with already existing six quadrupoles before the achromat. The radiography system is designed by fully considering the space limitation of the laboratory and the beam diagnostics devices. Two kinds of imaging lens system, a quadruplet and an octuplet system are integrated into one beam line with the same object plane and image plane but with different magnification factor. The beam angle-position correlation on the target required by the imaging lens system and the aperture effect on the images are studied with particle tracking simulation. It is shown that the aperture position is also correlated to the beam angle-position on the target. With matched beam on the target, corresponding aperture position and suitable aperture radius, clear pictures can be imaged by both lens systems. The aperture is very important for the imaging. The details of the beam optical requirements, optimized parameters and the simulation results are presented. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Quantang; Cao, S. C.; Liu, M.; Sheng, X. K.; Wang, Y. R.; Zong, Y.; Zhang, X. M.; Jing, Y.; Cheng, R.; Zhao, Y. T.; Zhang, Z. M.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Wang, Y. R.; Zhang, X. M.] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Du, Y. C.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Gai, W.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhao, QT; Zhang, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. EM zhaoquantang@impcas.ac.cn; zzm@impcas.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11435015, 11505251, 10921504] FX The work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 11435015, 11505251 and 10921504. One of the authors (Q. Zhao) would like to thank Dr. Hernandez-Garcia Carlos (Jefferson Lab) for proof reading and editing the manusript. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 832 BP 144 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.103 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA DU5MS UT WOS:000382256400015 ER PT J AU Carlson, JS Feng, PL AF Carlson, Joseph S. Feng, Patrick L. TI Melt-cast organic glasses as high-efficiency fast neutron scintillators SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Organic scintillator; Pulse-shape discrimination; Neutron; Glass; Plastic; Crystal ID PULSE-SHAPE DISCRIMINATION; PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS AB In this work we report a new class of organic-based scintillators that combines several of the desirable attributes of existing crystalline, liquid, and plastic organic scintillators. The prepared materials may be isolated in single crystalline form or melt-cast to produce highly transparent glasses that have been shown to provide high light yields of up to 16,000 photons/MeVee, as evaluated against EJ-200 plastic scintillators and solution-grown trans-stilbene crystals. The prepared organic glasses exhibit neutron/ gamma pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) and are compatible with wavelength shifters to reduce optical self-absorption effects that are intrinsic to pure materials such as crystalline organics. The combination of high scintillation efficiency, PSD capabilities, and facile scale-up via melt-casting distinguishes this new class of amorphous materials from existing alternatives. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Carlson, Joseph S.; Feng, Patrick L.] Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Feng, PL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM plfeng@sandia.gov FU office of NA-22, NNSA; U.S. Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the office of NA-22, NNSA, U.S. Department of Energy. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Claire Huestis is acknowledged for her assistance in acquiring fluorescence data. Stanley Mrowka is acknowledged for creating the PSD-FOM analysis software. F. Patrick Doty is acknowledged for helpful discussions. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 832 BP 152 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.116 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA DU5MS UT WOS:000382256400016 ER PT J AU Wang, MHLS Cancelo, G Green, C Guo, DY Wang, K Zmuda, T AF Wang, Michael H. L. S. Cancelo, Gustavo Green, Christopher Guo, Deyuan Wang, Ke Zmuda, Ted TI Using the automata processor for fast pattern recognition in high energy physics experiments-A proof of concept SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Pattern recognition; Tracking; Trigger; Finite automata AB We explore the Micron Automata Processor (AP) as a suitable commodity technology that can address the growing computational needs of pattern recognition in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments. A toy detector model is developed for which an electron track confirmation trigger based on the Micron AP serves as a test case. Although primarily meant for high speed text-based searches, we demonstrate a proof of concept for the use of the Micron AP in a HEP trigger application. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Michael H. L. S.; Cancelo, Gustavo; Green, Christopher; Zmuda, Ted] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Guo, Deyuan; Wang, Ke] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Wang, MHLS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM mwang@fnal.gov FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [De-AC02-07CH11359] FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Simon Kwan who worked tirelessly on the CMS pixel detector and upgrade project and who inspired our choice of the pixel-augmented electron trigger as a proof-of-concept application. We are grateful to David Christian, Aurore Savoy-Navarro, Chang-Seong Moon, Tiehui Ted Liu, Jin-Yuan Wu, Zijun Xu, and Ken Treptow for valuable discussions. We thank the supportive staffs at the University of Virginia's Center for Automata Processing and Micron Technology for their technical assistance. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 832 BP 219 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.119 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA DU5MS UT WOS:000382256400025 ER PT J AU Koehler, KE Henzl, V Croft, S Henzlova, D Santi, PA AF Koehler, Katrina E. Henzl, Vladimir Croft, Stephen Henzlova, Daniela Santi, Peter A. TI Characterizations of double pulsing in neutron multiplicity and coincidence counting systems SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Neutron multiplicity counting; Coincidence counting; Rossi-alpha distribution; Double pulsing; Dead time AB Passive neutron coincidence/multiplicity counters are subject to non-ideal behavior, such as double pulsing and dead time. It has been shown in the past that double-pulsing exhibits a distinct signature in a Rossi-alpha distribution, which is not readily noticed using traditional Multiplicity Shift Register analysis. However, it has been assumed that the use of a pre-delay in shift register analysis removes any effects of double pulsing. In this work, we use high-fidelity simulations accompanied by experimental measurements to study the effects of double pulsing on multiplicity rates. By exploiting the information from the double pulsing signature peak observable in the Rossi-alpha distribution, the double pulsing fraction can be determined. Algebraic correction factors for the multiplicity rates in terms of the double pulsing fraction have been developed. We discuss the role of these corrections across a range of scenarios. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Koehler, Katrina E.; Henzl, Vladimir; Henzlova, Daniela; Santi, Peter A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Croft, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Koehler, KE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kkoehler@lanl.gov OI Koehler, Katrina/0000-0003-3258-8526 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 832 BP 279 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.130 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA DU5MS UT WOS:000382256400033 ER PT J AU Li, QG Wang, Z Cheng, X Wen, HM AF Li, Qinggang Wang, Zhi Cheng, Xin Wen, Haiming TI In-situ growth and characterization of SiC fibers during Si vapor infiltration process without catalysis SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Fibers; Growth; In-situ; Mechanism; Microstructures ID SILICON-CARBIDE WHISKERS; CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION; STACKING-FAULTS; STRENGTH; CERAMICS; NICALON; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURES; COMPOSITES; MORPHOLOGY AB SiC fibers were synthesized on the surface of reaction sintered SiC substrate by Si vapor deposition without catalyst at 1700 degrees C for 4 h in the nitrogen atmosphere. SiC fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the fibers have beta-SiC structure and their diameters are several-hundred nanometers. The length of the SiC fibers is similar to 1.5-3.0 mm and their growth direction is [111]. Investigation of growth mechanism indicates that the SiC fibers grow via the vapor-solid (VS) growth process. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights C1 [Li, Qinggang; Wang, Zhi; Cheng, Xin] Univ Jinan, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250022, Peoples R China. [Li, Qinggang; Cheng, Xin] Shandong Prov Key Lab Preparat & Measurement Bldg, Jinan 250022, Peoples R China. [Wen, Haiming] Idaho State Univ, Dept Phys Nucl & Elect Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Wen, Haiming] Idaho Natl Lab, Characterizat & Adv PIE Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Li, QG; Cheng, X (reprint author), Univ Jinan, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250022, Peoples R China. EM mse_liqg@ujn.edu.cn; chengxin@ujn.edu.cn RI Wen, Haiming/B-3250-2013 OI Wen, Haiming/0000-0003-2918-3966 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51172256, 51142010, 51372099]; Doctoral Fund of University of Jinan [XBS1310]; Scientific Research Innovation Team in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province FX Authors appreciate the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Grant nos. 51172256, 51142010, 51372099 and the Doctoral Fund of University of Jinan (XBS1310). Authors also appreciate the financial supported by Program for Scientific Research Innovation Team in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province. H. M. W. acknowledges the start-up package provided by Idaho State University. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0272-8842 EI 1873-3956 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 42 IS 13 BP 15107 EP 15112 DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.06.112 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA DT0KE UT WOS:000381171600113 ER PT J AU Moore, JA Frankel, D Prasannavenkatesan, R Domel, AG Olson, GB Liu, WK AF Moore, John A. Frankel, Dana Prasannavenkatesan, Rajesh Domel, August G. Olson, Gregory B. Liu, Wing Kam TI A crystal plasticity-based study of the relationship between microstructure and ultra-high-cycle fatigue life in nickel titanium alloys SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE LA English DT Article DE Microstructures; Finite elements; Surface effects; Image-based modeling ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; BEARING STEEL; NITI; DEFORMATION; INCLUSIONS; TRANSFORMATION; SUPERALLOYS; RESISTANCE AB Nickel Titanium (NiTi) alloys are often used in biomedical devices where failure due to mechanical fatigue is common. For other alloy systems, computational models have proven an effective means of determining the relationship between microstructural features and fatigue life. This work will extend the subset of those models which were based on crystal plasticity to examine the relationship between microstructure and fatigue life in NiTi alloys. It will explore the interaction between a spherical inclusion and the material's free surface along with several NiTi microstructures reconstructed from 3D imaging. This work will determine the distance at which the free surface interacts with an inclusion and the effect of applied strain of surface-inclusion interaction. The effects of inclusion-inclusion interaction, matrix voiding, and matrix strengthening are explored and ranked with regards to their influence on fatigue life. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moore, John A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Frankel, Dana; Olson, Gregory B.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Prasannavenkatesan, Rajesh] QuesTek Inovat LLC, 1820 Ridge Ave, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Moore, John A.; Liu, Wing Kam] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Domel, August G.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Moore, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.; Moore, JA; Liu, WK (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM moore236@llnl.gov; w-liu@northwestern.edu FU National Institute of Standards and Technology [70NANB13H194]; U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology as part of the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD) [70NANB14H012]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-675697)] FX This work was performed under the following financial assistance award 70NANB13H194 from National Institute of Standards and Technology, and 70NANB14H012 from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology as part of the Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD). This work was also performed, in part, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-675697). The majority of this work was part of the first author's dissertation [62] and he would like to acknowledge the Predictive Science and Engineering Design (PSED) cluster at Northwestern University, Jacob Smith for his help with high performance computing and for providing the spherical inclusion mesh, and Hongyi Xu for the 3D reconstructions. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-1123 EI 1879-3452 J9 INT J FATIGUE JI Int. J. Fatigue PD OCT PY 2016 VL 91 BP 183 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.06.006 PN 1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA DT2PB UT WOS:000381321800017 ER PT J AU Unocic, KA Pint, BA Hoelzer, DT AF Unocic, Kinga A. Pint, Bruce A. Hoelzer, David T. TI Advanced TEM characterization of oxide nanoparticles in ODS Fe-12Cr-5Al alloys SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED ALLOYS; FERRITIC STEELS; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; INCOLOY MA956; PM-2000 STEEL; LEAD-BISMUTH; FUSION; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; RESISTANCE AB The oxide nanoparticles present in three oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) Fe-12Cr-5Al alloys containing additions of (1) Y2O3 (125Y), (2) Y2O3 + ZrO2 (125YZ), and (3) Y2O3 + HfO2 (125YH), were investigated using transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy. In all three alloys nano-sized (<3.5 nm) oxide particles distributed uniformly throughout the microstructure were characterized using advanced electron microscopy techniques. In the 125Y alloy, mainly Al2O3 and yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) phases (Y3Al5O12) were present, while in the 125YZ alloy, additional Zr(C,N) precipitates were identified. The 125YH alloy had the most complex precipitation sequence whereby in addition to the YAG and Al2O3 phases, Hf(C,N), Y2Hf2O7, and HfO2 precipitates were also found. The presence of HfO2 was mainly due to the incomplete incorporation of HfO2 powder during mechanical alloying of the 125YH alloy. The alloy having the highest total number density of the oxides, the smallest grain size, and the highest Vickers hardness was the 125YZ alloy indicating, that Y2O3 + ZrO2 additions had the strongest effect on grain size and tensile properties. High-temperature mechanical testing will be addressed in the near future, while irradiation studies are underway to investigate the irradiation resistance of these new ODS FeCrAl alloys. C1 [Unocic, Kinga A.; Pint, Bruce A.; Hoelzer, David T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Unocic, KA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM unocicka@ornl.gov FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Fusion Energy Materials Program FX Research sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, Fusion Energy Materials Program. A portion of the microscopy was performed as part of a user proposal at ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a US Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility, and also some of the microscopy research was performed, in part, using instrumentation (FEI Talos F200X S/TEM) provided by the Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Fuel Cycle R&D Program and the Nuclear Science User Facilities. D. W. Coffey, T. M. Lowe, M. S. Stephens, and T. S. Geer assisted with the experimental work. D. Cullen and K. G. Field provided comments on the results and manuscript and S. Dryepondt provided PM2000. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 23 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 EI 1573-4803 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 51 IS 20 BP 9190 EP 9206 DI 10.1007/s10853-016-0111-5 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DT0NW UT WOS:000381181300002 ER PT J AU Hasanbeigi, A Arens, M Cardenas, JCR Price, L Triolo, R AF Hasanbeigi, Ali Arens, Marlene Rojas Cardenas, Jose Carlos Price, Lynn Triolo, Ryan TI Comparison of carbon dioxide emissions intensity of steel production in China, Germany, Mexico, and the United States SO RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING LA English DT Article DE Carbon dioxide intensity; Iron and steel industry; Energy intensity ID ENERGY INTENSITY; INDUSTRY; IRON; INDICATORS; REDUCTION; POLICY AB Production of iron and steel is an energy-intensive manufacturing process. The goal of this study was to develop a methodology for accurately and more fairly comparing the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions intensity of steel production in different countries and to demonstrate the application of this methodology in an analysis of the steel industry in China, Germany, Mexico, and the U.S. Our methodology addresses the industry's boundary definition, conversion factors, and industry structure. The results of our analysis show that, for the entire iron and steel production process, the base-case (2010) CO2 emissions intensity was 2148 kg CO2/tonne crude steel in China, 1708 kg CO2/tonne crude steel in Germany, 1080 kg CO2/tonne crude steel in Mexico, and 1736 kg CO2/tonne crude steel in the U.S. One of the main reasons that Mexico has the lowest CO2 emissions intensity is Mexico's large share of steel production using electric arc furnaces (EAFs) (69.4%). EAF steel production has lower CO2 emissions intensity than production using blast furnaces/basic oxygen furnaces. China, by contrast, has the smallest share of EAF production among the four countries-9.8% in the base-case year 2010. In one scenario, we applied the Chinese share of EAF production to the other three case-study countries; the result was an increase in CO2 emissions intensity of steel production of 19% (2036 kg CO2/tonne crude steel) in Germany, 92% (2074 kgCO(2)/tonne crude steel) in Mexico, and 56% (2703 kg CO2/tonne crude steel) in the U.S. compared to these countries' base-case analyses. In another scenario, we applied the Chinese national average grid electricity CO2 emissions factor from 2010, which is the highest emissions factor among the four countries, to the other three countries. In that scenario, the CO2 emissions intensity of steel production increased by 5% in Germany, 11% in Mexico, and 10% in the U.S. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hasanbeigi, Ali; Rojas Cardenas, Jose Carlos; Price, Lynn; Triolo, Ryan] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Div, China Energy Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arens, Marlene] Fraunhofer Inst Syst & Innovat Res ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Rojas Cardenas, Jose Carlos] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Engn, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Hasanbeigi, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Div, China Energy Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hasanbeigi@gmail.com FU Energy Foundation China through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Energy Foundation China through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors gratefully acknowledge the significant contribution of Nathaniel Aden, a forrner staff member at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Zhang Chunxia, Li Xiuping, and Shangguan Fangqin from State Key Laboratory of Advanced Steel Processes and Products, China Iron & Steel Research Institute (CISRI), Beijing, China in Phase I of this project. We are also grateful to Zhang Chunxia of CISRI, Hans Bodo Lungen of Steel Institute VDEh of Germany, Brett Smith of AISI, Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo of National Autonomous University of Mexico, and Nihan Karali of LBNL for their comments on and inputs to this paper. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-3449 EI 1879-0658 J9 RESOUR CONSERV RECY JI Resour. Conserv. Recycl. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 113 BP 127 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.06.008 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT2PT UT WOS:000381323600011 ER PT J AU Triantafyllidou, S Lytle, D Muhlen, C Swertfeger, J AF Triantafyllidou, Simoni Lytle, Darren Muhlen, Christy Swertfeger, Jeff TI Copper-silver ionization at a US hospital: Interaction of treated drinking water with plumbing materials, aesthetics and other considerations SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Copper silver ionization; Cold; Hot; Reduced silver; Copper pipe; Porcelain staining ID LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; DISINFECTION; SURVEILLANCE; EXPERIENCE; PATHOGENS; SYSTEM; IONS AB Tap water sampling and surface analysis of copper pipe/bathroom porcelain were performed to explore the fate of copper and silver during the first nine months of copper-silver ionization (CSI) applied to cold and hot water at a hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio. Ions dosed by CSI into the water at its point of entry to the hospital were inadvertently removed from hot water by a cation-exchange softener in one building (average removal of 72% copper and 51% silver). Copper at the tap was replenished from corrosion of the building's copper pipes but was typically unable to reach 200 mu g/L in first-draw and flushed hot and cold water samples. Cold water lines had >20 mu g/L silver at most of the taps that were sampled, which further increased after flushing. However, silver plating onto copper pipe surfaces (in the cold water line but particularly in the hot water line) prevented reaching 20 mu g/L silver in cold and/or hot water of some taps. Aesthetically displeasing purple/grey stains in bathroom porcelain were attributed to chlorargyrite [AgCl(s)], an insoluble precipitate that formed when CSI-dosed Ag+ ions combined with Cl- ions that were present in the incoming water. Overall, CSI aims to control Legionella bacteria in drinking water, but plumbing material interactions, aesthetics and other implications also deserve consideration to holistically evaluate in-building drinking water disinfection. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Triantafyllidou, Simoni] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lytle, Darren; Muhlen, Christy] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Swertfeger, Jeff] Greater Cincinnati Water Works, Cincinnati, OH 45230 USA. RP Triantafyllidou, S (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM triantafyllidou.simoni@epa.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 50 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 102 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.010 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA DU1EG UT WOS:000381950400001 PM 27318299 ER PT J AU Fu, QG Wu, XQ Ye, QF Ernst, F Gan, J AF Fu, Qiuguo Wu, Xiaoqin Ye, Qingfu Ernst, Fredrick Gan, Jay TI Biosolids inhibit bioavailability and plant uptake of triclosan and triclocarban SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biosolids; Triclosan; Triclocarban; PPCPs; Plant uptake; Bioavailability ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; WASTE-WATER IRRIGATION; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; MODELING UPTAKE; FOOD CROPS; PHARMACEUTICALS; SOIL; VEGETABLES; BIOACCUMULATION; SORPTION AB Biosolids from wastewater treatment are primarily disposed of via land applications, where numerous pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) may contaminate food crops and pose a human exposure risk. Biosolids are rich in organic carbon and addition of biosolids can increase the sorption of certain PPCPs in soil, decreasing their bioavailability. This study tested the hypothesis that the relative plant uptake of PPCPs decreases with increasing biosolids amendment. Accumulation of triclosan and triclocarban was measured in roots of radish and carrot grown in soils with or without biosolids. Addition of biosolids significantly-prolonged the persistence of triclosan in soil. When expressed in bioaccumulation factor (BCF), accumulation of triclosan drastically decreased in biosolids-amended soils, while the effect was limited for triclocarban. Compared to the unamended soil, amending biosolids at 2% (w/w) decreased BCF of triclosan in the edible tissues of radish and carrot by 85.4 and 89.3%, respectively. Measurement using a thin-film passive sampler provided direct evidence showing that the availability of triclosan greatly decreased in biosolids-amended soils. Partial correlation analysis using data from this and published studies validated that biosolids decreased plant uptake primarily by increasing soil organic carbon content and subsequently sorption. Therefore, contamination of food crops by biosolids-borne contaminants does not linearly depend on biosolids use rates. This finding bears significant implications in the overall risk evaluation of biosolids-borne contaminants. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fu, Qiuguo; Wu, Xiaoqin; Ernst, Fredrick; Gan, Jay] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Fu, Qiuguo; Ye, Qingfu] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Nucl Agr Sci, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xiaoqin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ecol 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gan, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM jgan@ucr.edu RI Wu, Xiaoqin/H-4879-2013; OI FU, QIUGUO/0000-0002-4227-5948 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (STAR Grant) [83582901] FX This research was financially supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (STAR Grant No. 83582901). NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 43 U2 56 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 102 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.026 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA DU1EG UT WOS:000381950400012 PM 27337347 ER PT J AU Chen, K Yogeesh, MN Huang, Y Zhang, SQ He, F Meng, XH Fang, SY Sheehan, N Tao, TH Bank, SR Lin, JF Akinwande, D Sutter, P Lai, TS Wang, YG AF Chen, Ke Yogeesh, Maruthi Nagavalli Huang, Yuan Zhang, Shaoqing He, Feng Meng, Xianghai Fang, Shaoyin Sheehan, Nathanial Tao, Tiger Hu Bank, Seth R. Lin, Jung-Fu Akinwande, Deji Sutter, Peter Lai, Tianshu Wang, Yaguo TI Non-destructive measurement of photoexcited carrier transport in graphene with ultrafast grating imaging technique SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; DIFFUSION LENGTH; PUMP-PROBE; DYNAMICS; DEVICES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTORS; MOBILITY; SPECTROSCOPY AB Graphene has great potential for fabrication of ultrafast opto-electronics, in which relaxation and transport of photoexcited carriers determine device performance. Even though ultrafast carrier relaxation in graphene has been studied vigorously, transport properties of photoexcited carriers in graphene are largely unknown. In this work, we utilize an ultrafast grating imaging technique to measure lifetime (tau(r)), diffusion coefficient (D), diffusion length (L) and mobility (mu) of photoexcited carriers in mono-and multi-layer graphene non-invasively. In monolayer graphene, D similar to 10,000 cm(2)/s and mu similar to 120,000 cm(2)/V have been observed, both of which decrease drastically in multilayer graphene, indicating that the remarkable transport properties in monolayer graphene originate from its unique Dirac-Cone energy structure. Mobilities of photoexcited carriers measured here are several times larger than the Hall and Field-Effect mobilities reported in literature (<15,000 cm(2)/V), due to the high energy of photoexcited carriers. Our results indicate the importance of obtaining monolayer graphene to realize high-performance graphene devices, as well as the necessity to use transport properties of photoexcited carriers for predicting the performance of graphene-based opto-electronics. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Ke; Fang, Shaoyin; Lai, Tianshu] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, State Key Lab Optoelect Mat & Technol, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, Ke; Zhang, Shaoqing; He, Feng; Meng, Xianghai; Tao, Tiger Hu; Wang, Yaguo] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Yogeesh, Maruthi Nagavalli; Sheehan, Nathanial; Bank, Seth R.; Akinwande, Deji] Univ Texas Austin, Microelect Res Ctr, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Huang, Yuan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [He, Feng; Wang, Yaguo] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Lin, Jung-Fu] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Lin, Jung-Fu] Ctr High Pressure Sci & Technol Adv Res HPSTAR, Shanghai 201900, Peoples R China. [Sutter, Peter] Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Lai, TS (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, State Key Lab Optoelect Mat & Technol, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Wang, YG (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM stslts@mail.sysu.edu.cn; yaguo.wang@austin.utexas.edu RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011 FU National Science Foundation (CARER) [CBET-1351881]; National Science Foundation (NASCENT) [EEC-1160494]; National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB922403]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11274399, 61475195]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2014A030311029] FX The authors are grateful for the support from National Science Foundation (CARER, Grant No. CBET-1351881, and NASCENT, Grant No. EEC-1160494). T. S. Lai also acknowledges the support from National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2013CB922403, National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11274399 and 61475195, Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under Grant No.2014A030311029. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD OCT PY 2016 VL 107 BP 233 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.05.075 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DS5EJ UT WOS:000380803600027 ER PT J AU Amir, FZ Pham, VH Mullinax, DW Dickerson, JH AF Amir, F. Z. Pham, V. H. Mullinax, D. W. Dickerson, J. H. TI Enhanced performance of HRGO-RuO2 solid state flexible supercapacitors fabricated by electrophoretic deposition SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE; CARBON NANOTUBES; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRODES; SHEETS AB Ruthenium oxide (RuO2) nanomaterials exist as excellent materials for electrochemical capacitors. However, they tend to suffer from low mechanical flexibility when cast into films, which makes them unsuitable for flexible device applications. Herein, we report an environmentally friendly and solution-processable approach to fabricate RuO2-based composite electrodes for flexible solid state supercapacitors. The composites were produced by anchoring RuO2 nanoparticles onto holey reduced graphene oxide (HRGO) via a sol-gel method, followed by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of the material into thin films. The uniform anchoring of ultra-small RuO2 nanoparticles on the two-dimensional HRGO sheets resulted in HRGO-RuO2 hybrid sheets with excellent mechanical flexibility of HRGO. EPD induced a layer-by-layer assembly mechanism for the HRGO-RuO2 hybrid sheets, which resulted in a binder-free, flexible electrode. The obtained HRGO-RuO2 flexible supercapacitors exhibited excellent electrochemical capacitive performance in a PVA-H2SO4 gel electrolyte with a specific capacitance of 418 F g(-1) and superior cycling stability of 88.5% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. In addition, these supercapacitors exhibited high rate performance with capacitance retention of 85% by increasing the current density from 1.0 to 20.0 A g(-1), and excellent mechanical flexibility with only 4.9% decay in the performance when bent 180 degrees. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Amir, F. Z.; Mullinax, D. W.] Winthrop Univ, Dept Chem Phys & Geol, Rock Hill, SC 29733 USA. [Pham, V. H.; Dickerson, J. H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Amir, FZ (reprint author), Winthrop Univ, Dept Chem Phys & Geol, Rock Hill, SC 29733 USA. EM amirf@winthrop.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) under the Visiting Faculty Program (VFP); U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) under the Visiting Faculty Program (VFP). The research used resources of the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, which is a U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 28 U2 57 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD OCT PY 2016 VL 107 BP 338 EP 343 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.06.013 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DS5EJ UT WOS:000380803600041 ER PT J AU Wang, BY Wang, HT Chen, LY Hsueh, HC Li, X Guo, JH Luo, Y Chiou, JW Wang, WH Wang, PH Chen, KH Chen, YC Chen, LC Chen, CH Wang, J Pong, WF AF Wang, Bo-Yao Wang, Hsiaotsu Chen, Ling-Yen Hsueh, Hung-Chung Li, Xin Guo, Jinghua Luo, Yi Chiou, Jau-Wern Wang, Wei-Hua Wang, Po-Hsiang Chen, Kuei-Hsien Chen, Yen-Chih Chen, Li-Chyong Chen, Chia-Hao Wang, Jian Pong, Way-Faung TI Nonlinear bandgap opening behavior of BN co-doped graphene SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID HEXAGONAL BORON-NITRIDE; X-RAY SPECTROMICROSCOPY; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; NITROGEN; GAP; GROWTH; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY AB We have demonstrated a nonlinear behavior for the bandgap opening of doped graphene by controlling the concentration of B and N co-dopants. X-ray absorption and emission spectra reveal that the bandgap increases from 0 to 0.6 eV as the concentration of BN dopants is increased from 0 to 6%, while the bandgap closes when the doping concentration becomes 56%. This nonlinear behavior of bandgap opening of the BN-doped graphene depending on the BN concentrations is consistent with the valenceband photoemission spectroscopic measurements. The spatially resolved B, N and C K-edge scanning transmission x-ray microscopy and their x-ray absorption near- edge structure spectra all support the scenario of the development of h-BN-like domains at high concentrations of BN. Ab initio calculation, by taking into account of the strong correlation between the bandgap and the geometry/concentration of the dopant, has been performed with various BN-dopant nano-domains embedded in the graphene monolayer to verify the unique bandgap behavior. Based on the experimental measurements and ab initio calculation, we propose the progressive formation of a phase-separated zigzag-edged BN domain from BN quantum dots with increasing BN-dopant concentration to explain the extraordinary nonlinear behavior of bandgap opening of BN-doped graphene sheets. This study reveals a new way to engineer the bandgap of low-dimensional systems. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Bo-Yao] Natl Changhua Univ Educ, Dept Phys, Changhua 500, Taiwan. [Wang, Hsiaotsu] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. [Chen, Ling-Yen; Hsueh, Hung-Chung; Pong, Way-Faung] Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui 251, Taiwan. [Li, Xin; Guo, Jinghua] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Xin; Luo, Yi] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Dept Theoret Chem & Biol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Chiou, Jau-Wern] Natl Univ Kaohsiung, Dept Appl Phys, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan. [Wang, Wei-Hua; Wang, Po-Hsiang; Chen, Kuei-Hsien] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Chen, Yen-Chih; Chen, Li-Chyong] Natl Taiwan Univ, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Chen, Chia-Hao] Natl Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. [Wang, Jian] Univ Saskatchewan, Canadian Light Source Inc, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada. RP Hsueh, HC; Pong, WF (reprint author), Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui 251, Taiwan. EM hchsueh@mail.tku.edu.tw; wfpong@mail.tku.edu.tw RI Luo, Yi/B-1449-2009; Chen, Li-Chyong/B-1705-2015; Wang, Jian/M-1805-2013; Wang, Wei-Hua/F-7911-2012 OI Luo, Yi/0000-0003-0007-0394; Chen, Li-Chyong/0000-0001-6373-7729; FU Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of Taiwan [MoST 104-2112-M-032-002-MY3, NSC 102-2632-M-032-001-MY3]; NCTS of Taiwan; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Research Council Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Province of Saskatchewan; Western Economic Diversification Canada; University of Saskatchewan FX The authors (H.C.H. and W.F.P.) would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of Taiwan for financially supporting this research under Contract No. MoST 104-2112-M-032-002-MY3 and NSC 102-2632-M-032-001-MY3. H.C.H. also acknowledges the support of NCTS of Taiwan. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Canadian Light Source was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the National Research Council Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Province of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, and the University of Saskatchewan. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 51 U2 76 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD OCT PY 2016 VL 107 BP 857 EP 864 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.06.091 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA DS5EJ UT WOS:000380803600099 ER PT J AU Heine, C Eren, B Lechner, BAJ Salmeron, M AF Heine, Christian Eren, Baran Lechner, Barbara A. J. Salmeron, Miquel TI A study of the O/Ag(111) system with scanning tunneling microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at ambient pressures SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ag(111); Oxidation; APSTM; APXPS; Ambient pressure; Surface science ID CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS; ETHYLENE EPOXIDATION; SURFACE SCIENCE; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN-ADSORPTION; ATOMIC OXYGEN; SILVER; AG(111); XPS; TEMPERATURE AB The interaction of O-2 with the Ag(111) surface was studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in the pressure range from 10(-9) Torr to 1 atm at room temperature and with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) up to 0.3 Torr O-2 in the temperature range from RT to 413 K. STM images show that the Ag(111) surface topography is little affected in regions with large flat terraces, except for the appearance of mobile features due to oxygen atoms at pressures above 0.01 Torr. In regions where the step density is high, the surface became rough under 0.01 Torr of O-2, due to the local oxidation of Ag. Various chemical states of oxygen due to chemisorbed, oxide and subsurface species were identified by XPS as a function of pressure and temperature. The findings from the STM images and XPS measurements indicate that formation of an oxide phase, the thermodynamically stable form at room temperature under ambient O-2 pressure, is kinetically hindered in the flat terrace areas but proceeds readily in regions with high-step density. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Heine, Christian; Eren, Baran; Lechner, Barbara A. J.; Salmeron, Miquel] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Salmeron, Miquel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbsalmeron@lbl.gov FU Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis (IMASC), an Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012573]; Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanostructures program, in the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis (IMASC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0012573. BE and BAJL were funded by the Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanostructures program, in the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. It used resources of the Advance Light Source, a user facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. We also thank Dr. Hendrik Bluhm and Dr. Osman Karslioglu for support during the beamtime at the 11.0.2 endstation of the Advanced Light Source. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.02.012 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700010 ER PT J AU Karakalos, S Zugic, B Stowers, KJ Biener, MM Biener, J Friend, CM Madix, RJ AF Karakalos, Stavros Zugic, Branko Stowers, Kara J. Biener, Monika M. Biener, Juergen Friend, Cynthia M. Madix, Robert J. TI Catalytic production of methyl acrylates by gold-mediated cross coupling of unsaturated aldehydes with methanol SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aldehyde esterification; Oxidative cross-coupling; Methyl acrylate production; Nanoporous gold; Gold; Au(110); Selective oxidation ID NANOPOROUS GOLD; OXIDATIVE ESTERIFICATION; PRIMARY ALCOHOLS; ESTER SYNTHESIS; METALLIC GOLD; OXYGEN; AU(111); SELECTIVITY; ETHANOL; AMINES AB Modern methods of esterification, one of the most important reactions in organic synthesis, are reaching their limits, as far as waste and expense are concerned. Novel chemical approaches to ester formation are therefore of importance. Here we report a simple procedure free of caustic reagents or byproducts for the facile direct oxidative methyl esterification of aldehydes over nanoporous Au catalysts. Complementary model studies on single crystal gold surfaces establish the fundamental reactions involved. We find that methanol more readily reacts with adsorbed active oxygen than do the aldehydes, but that once the aldehydes do react, they form strongly bound acrylates that block reactive sites and decrease the yields of acrylic esters under steady flow conditions at 420 K. Significant improvements in yield can be achieved by operating at higher temperatures, which render the site-blocking acrylates unstable. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Karakalos, Stavros; Zugic, Branko; Stowers, Kara J.; Friend, Cynthia M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Friend, Cynthia M.; Madix, Robert J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Biener, Monika M.; Biener, Juergen] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Madix, RJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rmadix@seas.harvard.edu OI Stowers, Kara/0000-0003-1119-5264; Karakalos, Stavros/0000-0002-3428-5433 FU Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0012573]; U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported as part of the Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under award #DE-SC0012573. The work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 58 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.03.017 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700011 ER PT J AU Kelly, SJ Sorescu, DC Wang, J Archer, KA Jordan, KD Maksymovych, P AF Kelly, Simon J. Sorescu, Dan C. Wang, Jun Archer, Kaye A. Jordan, Kenneth D. Maksymovych, Petro TI Structural and electronic properties of ultrathin picene films on the Ag(100) surface SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Picene; Tunneling spectroscopy; Potassium; Silver; Electron affinity ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; STATES AB Using scanning tunneling microscopy and electronic structure calculations, we investigated the assembly and electronic properties of picene molecules on the Ag(100), Ag(111), and Cu(111) surfaces, with particular emphasis on Ag(100). In each case, picene molecules are found to lie parallel to the surface at coverages up to half a monolayer and to adopt alternating parallel and tilted orientations at full monolayer coverage. In the latter case, the arrangement of the molecules is roughly similar to that in the bulk crystal. On the metal surfaces considered, the growth mode of picene is quite different from that of its structural isomer pentacene, which forms a bilayer overlayer on top of a dense monolayer of flat-lying molecules on metal surfaces. Tunneling spectroscopy measurements provide estimates of the energies of several low-lying unfilled molecular orbitals as well as of the highest occupied molecular orbital of the absorbed picene molecules. From analysis of these results, we establish that the on-site Coulomb repulsion for picene decreases by similar to 2 eV in going from the gas phase to the full mono layer on Ag(100), bringing it close to that of the undoped bulk crystal. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelly, Simon J.; Wang, Jun; Maksymovych, Petro] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sorescu, Dan C.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Sorescu, Dan C.; Jordan, Kenneth D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Archer, Kaye A.; Jordan, Kenneth D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Maksymovych, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM maksymovychp@ornl.gov FU Division of User Facilities, Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [CHE-1362334] FX SK, JW, PM: Experiments were carried out at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, sponsored at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, by the Division of User Facilities, Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. KDJ and KA acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation through grant CHE-1362334. Some of the calculations were carried out at the University of Pittsburgh's Center for Simulation and Modeling. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.02.007 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700012 ER PT J AU Lee, J Sorescu, DC Lee, JG Dougherty, D AF Lee, Junseok Sorescu, Dan C. Lee, Jae-Gook Dougherty, Dan TI Supramolecular clusters and chains of 2,6-dimethylpyridine on Cu(110): Observation of dynamic configuration change with real-space surface science techniques and DFT calculations SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Adatom; Hydrogen bonding; Nanostructure; Self-assembly; STM; DFT ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; O HYDROGEN-BOND; CHEMISORBED PYRIDINE; ADSORPTION GEOMETRY; PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; ORGANIC MONOLAYERS; BASIS-SET; C-H; NANOSTRUCTURES AB The adsorption of 2,6-dimethylpyridine (2,6-DMP) on Cu(110) has been studied using low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (LT-STM), time-of-flight electron stimulated desorption ion angular distribution (TOF-ESDIAD), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. At low temperatures (T < similar to 150 K), the 2,6-DMP adsorbs in a flat configuration on Cu(110) producing clusters and extended domains via weak hydrogen bonding (C-H center dot center dot center dot N) with the molecular symmetry axis aligned along the < 001 > surface direction. At near-saturation coverage, a c(6 x 2) long-range ordered structure was observed. Upon annealing to T = 200 K, the 2,6-DMP molecules adopt an upright configuration with their pyridine ring plane oriented parallel to the <1 (1) over bar0> azimuth. These upright 2,6-DMP molecules produce extended molecular chains where the repulsive interactions between the molecular chains give rise to coverage-dependent interchain distances. At near-saturation coverage, a (12 60 surface structure is observed for the upright configuration. The DFT calculations suggest that the Cu adatom plays an important role in the adsorption configuration change of the 2,6-DMP molecule. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Junseok; Sorescu, Dan C.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Lee, Junseok] AECOM, POB 618,South Pk, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Lee, Jae-Gook] LAM Res Corp, Etch Prod Grp, 4400 Cushing Pkwy, Fremont, CA 94539 USA. [Dougherty, Dan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lee, Junseok; Lee, Jae-Gook; Dougherty, Dan] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Surface Sci, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Sorescu, Dan C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM junseok.lee@netl.doe.gov FU W. M. Keck Foundation for Molecular Electronics; NEDO; National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0004000]; United States Government FX The initial stage of this work was performed at the Surface Science Center at the University of Pittsburgh and was supported by a grant from the W. M. Keck Foundation for Molecular Electronics and by a NEDO grant from Japan.; We acknowledge many stimulating discussions and strong support from the late Prof. John T. Yates, Jr. He was the PI on this work and guided its design and progress. Unfortunately, he did not have a chance to read the manuscript before his passing. In our experience, Prof. Yates would not sign his name to a manuscript that he had not read and critiqued. We omit his name as co-author here in tribute to his strong sense of scientific ethics and to honor his legacy.; This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 82 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.01.020 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700014 ER PT J AU Xiong, K Wan, WM Chen, JGG AF Xiong, Ke Wan, Weiming Chen, Jingguang G. TI Reaction pathways of furfural, furfuryl alcohol and 2-methylfuran on Cu(111) and NiCu bimetallic surfaces SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Furfural; Hydrodeoxygenation; NiCu bimetallic; 2-Methylfuran ID MOLYBDENUM CARBIDE CATALYSTS; SUPPORTED CATALYSTS; MODEL SURFACES; BIOMASS; HYDRODEOXYGENATION; ADSORPTION; FURAN; NI(111); METALS; CO AB Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is an important reaction for converting biomass-derived furfural to value-added 2-methylfuran, which is a promising fuel additive. In this work, the HDO of furfural to produce 2-methylfuran occurred on the NiCu bimetallic surfaces prepared on either Ni(111) or Cu(111). The reaction pathways of furfural were investigated on Cu(111) and Ni/Cu(111) surfaces using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) experiments. These studies provided mechanistic insights into the effects of bimetallic formation on enhancing the HDO activity. Specifically, furfural weakly adsorbed on Cu(111), while it strongly adsorbed on Ni/Cu(111) through an eta(2)(C,O) configuration, which led to the HDO of furfural on Ni/Cu(111). The ability to dissociate H-2 on Ni/Cu(111) is also an important factor for enhancing the HDO activity over Cu(111). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiong, Ke] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Wan, Weiming; Chen, Jingguang G.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chen, Jingguang G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chen, JGG (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM jgchen@columbia.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Brookhaven National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LORD) Project [13-038] FX We acknowledge support of this work under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and supported by the Brookhaven National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LORD) Project No. 13-038. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 36 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.02.011 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700015 ER PT J AU Kim, B Dohnalek, Z Szanyi, J Kay, BD Kim, YK AF Kim, Boseong Dohnalek, Zdenek Szanyi, Janos Kay, Bruce D. Kim, Yu Kwon TI Temperature-programmed desorption study of NO reactions on rutile TiO2(110)-1 x 1 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE TiO2(110); Temperature-programmed desorption; Nitric oxide; Nitrogen dioxide; Nitrous oxide; NO dimers ID NITRIC-OXIDE; SURFACE HYDROXYLS; REDUCTION; CHEMISTRY; TIO2; ADSORPTION; REACTIVITY; MECHANISM; OXYGEN; WATER AB Systematic temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) studies of NO adsorption and reactions on rutile TiO2(110)-1 x 1 surface reveal several distinct reaction channels in a temperature range of 50-500 K. NO readily reacts on TiO2(110) to form N2O, which desorbs between 50 and 200 K (LT N2O channels), which leaves the TiO2 surface populated with adsorbed oxygen atoms (O-a) as a by-product of N2O formation. In addition, we observe simultaneous desorption peaks of NO and N2O at 270 K (HT1 N2O) and 400 K (HT2 N2O), respectively, both of which are attributed to reaction-limited processes. No N-derived reaction product desorbs from TiO2(110) surface above 500 K or higher, while the surface may be populated with O-a's and oxidized products such as NO2 and NO3. The adsorbate-free TiO2 surface with oxygen vacancies can be regenerated by prolonged annealing at 850 K or higher. Detailed analysis of the three N2O desorption yields reveals that the surface species for the HT channels are likely to be various forms of NO dimers. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Boseong; Kim, Yu Kwon] Ajou Univ, Dept Energy Syst Res, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Kim, Boseong; Kim, Yu Kwon] Ajou Univ, Dept Chem, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Dohnalek, Zdenek; Szanyi, Janos; Kay, Bruce D.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Div Phys Sci, POB 999,Mail Stop K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kim, YK (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Energy Syst Res, Suwon 443749, South Korea.; Kim, YK (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Chem, Suwon 443749, South Korea. EM yukwonkim@ajou.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [NRF-2012R1A1A2007641]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Y. K. Kim acknowledges financial support from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2012R1A1A2007641). ZD, JS, and BDK were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for the DOE by Battelle. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 148 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.01.032 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700021 ER PT J AU Petrik, NG Kimmel, GA Shen, MM Henderson, MA AF Petrik, Nikolay G. Kimmel, Greg A. Shen, Mingmin Henderson, Michael A. TI Quenching of electron transfer reactions through coadsorption: A study of oxygen photodesorption from TiO2(110) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Photodesorption; TiO2(110); Oxygen; Photochemistry; Coadsorption ID REDUCED RUTILE TIO2(110); TIO2 110 SURFACE; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; O-2 PHOTODESORPTION; VACANCY DIFFUSION; ADSORPTION; PHOTOCATALYSIS; CHEMISORPTION; DEFECTS; CO AB Using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and photon-stimulated desorption (PSD), we show that coadsorbates of varying binding energies on the rutile TiO2(110) surface exert a commensurate inhibiting influence on the hole-mediated photodesorption of adsorbed O-2. A variety of coadsorbates (Ar, Kr, Xe, N-2, CO, CO2, CH4, N2O, acetone, methanol or water) were shown to quench O-2 photoactivity, with the extent correlating with the coadsorbate's gas phase basicity, which in turn determines the strength of the coadsorbate-Ti4+ bond. Coadsorbed rare gases inhibited the photodesorption of O-2 by similar to 10-25%, whereas strongly bound species (water, methanol, and acetone) nearly completely inhibited O-2 PSD. We suggest that coadsorption of these molecules inhibit the arrival probability of holes to the surface. Band-bending effects, which vary with the extent of charge transfer between the coadsorbate and the TiO2(110) surface, are not expected to be significant in the cases of the rare gases and physisorbed species. These results indicate that neutral coadsorbates can exert a significant influence on charge transfer events by altering the interfacial dipole in the vicinity of the target molecule. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Petrik, Nikolay G.; Kimmel, Greg A.; Shen, Mingmin; Henderson, Michael A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, MSIN K8-87,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Shen, Mingmin] Rive Technol, 1 Deer Pk Dr,Suite A, Monmouth Jct, NJ 08852 USA. RP Henderson, MA (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, MSIN K8-87,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ma.henderson@pnnl.gov RI Petrik, Nikolay/G-3267-2015; OI Petrik, Nikolay/0000-0001-7129-0752; Kimmel, Greg/0000-0003-4447-2440 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; DOE by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. The work was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2015.12.038 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700025 ER PT J AU Senanayake, SD Pappoe, NA Nguyen-Phan, TD Luo, S Li, YY Xu, WQ Liu, ZY Mudiyanselage, K Johnston-Peck, AC Frenkel, AI Heckler, I Stacchiola, D Rodriguez, JA AF Senanayake, Sanjaya D. Pappoe, Naa Adokaley Thuy-Duong Nguyen-Phan Luo, Si Li, Yuanyuan Xu, Wenqian Liu, Zongyuan Mudiyanselage, Kumudu Johnston-Peck, Aaron C. Frenkel, Anatoly I. Heckler, Ilana Stacchiola, Dario Rodriguez, Jose A. TI Interfacial Cu+ promoted surface reactivity: Carbon monoxide oxidation reaction over polycrystalline copper-titania catalysts SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Copper; Titania; Interface; Carbon monoxide; Oxidation; Carbon dioxide ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; CO OXIDATION; MIXED-OXIDE; IN-SITU; K-EDGE; METAL; MECHANISM; OPERANDO; DRIFTS; XANES AB We have studied the catalytic carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation (CO + 0.5O(2) -> CO2) reaction using a powder catalyst composed of both copper (5 wt.% loading) and titania (CuOx-TiO2). Our study was focused on revealing the role of Cu, and the interaction between Cu and TiO2, by systematic comparison between two nanocatalysts, CuOx-TiO2 and pure CuOx. We interrogated these catalysts under in situ conditions using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to probe the structure and electronic properties of the catalyst at all stages of the reaction and simultaneously probe the surface states or intermediates of this reaction. With the aid of several ex situ characterization techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the local catalyst morphology and structure were also studied. Our results show that a CuOx-TiO2 system is more active than bulk CuOx for the CO oxidation reaction due to its lower onset temperature and better stability at higher temperatures. Our results also suggest that surface Cu species observed in the CuOx-TiO2 interface are likely to be a key player in the CO oxidation mechanism, while implicating that the stabilization of this species is probably associated with the oxide-oxide interface. Both in situ DRIFTS and XAFS measurements reveal that there is likely to be a Cu(Ti)-O mixed oxide at this interface. We discuss the nature of this Cu(Ti)-O interface and interpret its role on the CO oxidation reaction. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Senanayake, Sanjaya D.; Thuy-Duong Nguyen-Phan; Xu, Wenqian; Mudiyanselage, Kumudu; Stacchiola, Dario; Rodriguez, Jose A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Pappoe, Naa Adokaley] CUNY, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Johnston-Peck, Aaron C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, CFN, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Luo, Si; Liu, Zongyuan; Heckler, Ilana; Rodriguez, Jose A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. [Li, Yuanyuan; Frenkel, Anatoly I.] Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Senanayake, SD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ssenanay@bnl.gov RI Stacchiola, Dario/B-1918-2009; Mudiyanselage, Kumudu/B-2277-2013; Nguyen Phan, Thuy Duong/C-8751-2014; Frenkel, Anatoly/D-3311-2011; Senanayake, Sanjaya/D-4769-2009 OI Stacchiola, Dario/0000-0001-5494-3205; Mudiyanselage, Kumudu/0000-0002-3539-632X; Frenkel, Anatoly/0000-0002-5451-1207; Senanayake, Sanjaya/0000-0003-3991-4232 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Catalysis Science Program [DE-SC0012704]; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-03ER15476, DE-SC0012335] FX The research carried out in this manuscript was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and Catalysis Science Program under contract no. DE-SC0012704. This work used resources of the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) and the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), that are DOE Office of Science User Facilities. AIF and YL gratefully acknowledge funding of their work by the U.S. DOE grant no. DE-FG02-03ER15476. The authors acknowledge the support the facilities provided at the Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium (U.S. DOE grant no. DE-SC0012335). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 30 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 206 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.02.014 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700029 ER PT J AU Novotny, Z Netzer, FP Dohnalek, Z AF Novotny, Z. Netzer, F. P. Dohnalek, Z. TI Ceria nanoclusters on graphene/Ru(0001): A new model catalyst system SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ceria; CeO2; Nanoclusters; Graphene; Ru(0001); Smoluchowski ripening; STM; AES ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS; DEFECT STRUCTURE; OXIDE LAYERS; METAL-OXIDE; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; CEO2(111); CU(111); SURFACE AB The growth of ceria nanoclusters on single-layer graphene on Ru(0001) has been examined, with a view towards fabricating a stable system for model catalysis studies. The surface morphology and cluster distribution as a function of oxide coverage and substrate temperature has been monitored by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), whereas the chemical composition of the cluster deposits has been determined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The ceria nanoparticles are of the CeO2(111)-type and are anchored at the intrinsic defects of the graphene surface, resulting in a variation of the cluster densities across the macroscopic sample surface. The ceria clusters on graphene display a remarkable stability against reduction in ultrahigh vacuum up to 900 K, but some sintering of clusters is observed for temperatures >450 K. The evolution of the cluster size distribution suggests that the sintering proceeds via a Smoluchowski ripening mechanism, i.e. diffusion and aggregation of entire clusters. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Novotny, Z.; Dohnalek, Z.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Phys & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Novotny, Z.; Dohnalek, Z.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Netzer, F. P.] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Phys, Surface & Interface Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Dohnalek, Z (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Phys & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA.; Dohnalek, Z (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99354 USA.; Netzer, FP (reprint author), Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Phys, Surface & Interface Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. EM falko.netzer@uni-graz.at; zdenek.dohnalek@pnnl.gov OI Dohnalek, Zdenek/0000-0002-5999-7867 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences Biosciences [KC0301050-47319] FX US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences under grant KC0301050-47319. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 23 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 230 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.03.020 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700032 ER PT J AU Mullins, DR AF Mullins, David R. TI The interaction of carbon monoxide with rhodium on potassium-modified CeO2(111) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cerium oxide; Soft X-ray photoemission; Temperature programmed desorption; Potassium ID FILM CERIUM OXIDE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; RU(001) SURFACE; RH(111) SURFACE; THIN-FILMS; ADSORPTION; CO; PHOTOEMISSION; DISSOCIATION AB The adsorption and reactions of CO adsorbed on Rh particles deposited on K-covered CeO2(111) were studied by temperature programmed desorption and photoelectron spectroscopy. K deposited on CeO2(111) forms a KOx over-layer by extracting O from the ceria and partially reducing some of the Ce4+ to Ce3+. CO does not adsorb on the KOx/CeO2-x(111) surface in the absence of Rh particles. CO adsorbed on Rh/K/CeO2(111) adsorbs molecularly on the Rh at 200 K. As the surface is heated the CO spills-over and reacts with the KOx to form carbonate. The carbonate decomposes at elevated temperature to produce CO and CO2. The carbonate stabilizes the KOX so that K desorbs at a higher temperature than it would in the absence of CO. When the Rh and K deposition are reversed so that K is deposited on both the Rh and the CeO2(111), CO adsorbs as CO2- at 200 K. The CO2- decomposes below 350 K to produce gas phase CO and adsorbed CO32- and CO. The CO is stabilized by the K on the Rh and desorbs above 540 K. The carbonate decomposes into gas phase CO and CO2. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mullins, David R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008,MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mullins, DR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008,MS 6201, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mullinsdr@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DEAC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division. Research was carried out in part at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract DEAC02-98CH10886. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 238 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.01.024 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700033 ER PT J AU Yuan, CQ Yates, JT AF Yuan, Chunqing Yates, John T., Jr. TI Spectroscopic observations of the displacement dynamics of physically adsorbed molecules-CO on C-60 SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Physical adsorption; Dynamic displacement; C-60 ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SOLID C-60; ADSORPTION; DESORPTION; SURFACE AB In this paper, we observed physically adsorbed CO molecules on C-60 surface being displaced by impinging noble gas atoms (He, Ne, Ar, Kr), either through a dynamic displacement process or an exothermic replacement process, depending on their adsorption energies. This displacement mechanism could shift from one to the other depending on the surface coverage and temperature. Furthermore, rotational energy of the impinging molecules may also contribute to the dynamic displacement process by supplying additional energy. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yuan, Chunqing; Yates, John T., Jr.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Yuan, CQ (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM chunqing.yuan@pnnl.gov FU DTRA [HDTRA1-09-1-0008]; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia FX This work was partially supported by DTRA under Contract Number HDTRA1-09-1-0008. C.Y. acknowledges fellowship support from Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia. We also acknowledge helpful comments from Dr. Scott Smith and Dr. Bruce Kay at PNNL. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 294 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2016.02.021 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700040 ER PT J AU Yuan, CQ Smith, RS Kay, BD AF Yuan, Chunqing Smith, R. Scott Kay, Bruce D. TI Surface and bulk crystallization of amorphous solid water films: Confirmation of "top-down" crystallization SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Amorphous solid water; Crystallization kinetics; Surface nucleation; Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD); Reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) ID THIN-FILMS; THERMAL-DESORPTION; MOLECULAR-BEAMS; 150 K; KINETICS; ICE; MODEL; MORPHOLOGY; PHASE; SUBLIMATION AB The crystallization kinetics of nanoscale amorphous solid water (ASW) films are investigated using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS). TPD measurements are used to probe surface crystallization and RAIRS measurements are used to probe bulk crystallization. Isothermal TPD results show that surface crystallization is independent of the film thickness (from 100 to 1000 ML). Conversely, the RAIRS measurements show that the bulk crystallization time increases linearly with increasing film thickness. These results suggest that nucleation and crystallization begin at the ASW/vacuum interface and then the crystallization growth front propagates linearly into the bulk. This mechanism was confirmed by selective placement of an isotopic layer (5% D2O in H2O) at various positions in an ASW (H2O) film. In this case, the closer the isotopic layer was to the vacuum interface, the earlier the isotopic layer crystallized. These experiments provide direct evidence to confirm that ASW crystallization in vacuum proceeds by a "top-down" crystallization mechanism. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yuan, Chunqing; Smith, R. Scott; Kay, Bruce D.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, RS; Kay, BD (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM scott.smith@pnnl.gov; bruce.kay@pnnl.gov RI Smith, Scott/G-2310-2015 OI Smith, Scott/0000-0002-7145-1963 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the DOE. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 652 SI SI BP 350 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2015.12.037 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA DS2LJ UT WOS:000380600700047 ER PT J AU Adigun, BJ Fensin, ML Galloway, JD Trellue, HR AF Adigun, Babatunde J. Fensin, Michael L. Galloway, Jack D. Trellue, Holly R. TI Maintaining a critical spectra within Monteburns for a gas-cooled reactor array by way of control rod manipulation SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Criticality search; Critical spectra; Monteburns; Gas cooled reactors ID DEPLETION; SEARCH; DESIGN AB This burnup study examined the effect of a predicted critical control rod position on the nuclide predictability of several axial and radial locations within a 4 x 4 graphite moderated gas cooled reactor fuel cluster geometry. To achieve this, a control rod position estimator (CRPE) tool was developed within the framework of the linkage code Monteburns between the transport code MCNP and depletion code CINDER90, and four methodologies were proposed within the tool for maintaining criticality. Two of the proposed methods used an inverse multiplication approach - where the amount of fissile material in a set configuration is slowly altered until criticality is attained - in estimating the critical control rod position. Another method carried out several MCNP criticality calculations at different control rod positions, then used a linear fit to estimate the critical rod position. The final method used a second order polynomial fit of several MCNP criticality calculations at different control rod positions to guess the critical rod position. The results showed that consistency in prediction of power densities as well as uranium and plutonium isotopics was mutual among methods within the CRPE tool that predicted critical position consistently well. While the CRPE tool is currently limited to manipulating a single control rod, future work could be geared toward implementing additional criticality search methodologies along with additional features. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Adigun, Babatunde J.; Fensin, Michael L.; Galloway, Jack D.; Trellue, Holly R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS P939, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Adigun, BJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS P939, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM badigun@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research Development FX The authors acknowledge support of National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research & Development. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 36 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.05.025 PG 25 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DS2LF UT WOS:000380600300006 ER PT J AU Brown, NR Carlsen, BW Dixon, BW Peng, B Greenberg, HR Hays, RD Passerini, S Todosow, M Worrall, A AF Brown, Nicholas R. Carlsen, Brett W. Dixon, Brent W. Peng, Bo Greenberg, Harris R. Hays, Ross D. Passerini, Stefano Todosow, Michael Worrall, Andrew TI Identification of fuel cycle simulator functionalities for analysis of transition to a new fuel cycle SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Fuel cycle simulator; Transition analysis; Unit tests AB Dynamic fuel cycle simulation tools are intended to model holistic transient nuclear fuel cycle scenarios. As with all simulation tools, fuel cycle simulators require verification through unit tests, benchmark cases, and integral tests. Model validation is a vital aspect, as well. Although comparative studies have been performed, there is no comprehensive unit test and benchmark library for fuel cycle simulator tools. The objective of this paper is to identify some of the "must test" functionalities of a fuel cycle simulator tool within the context of specific problems of interest to the Fuel Cycle Options Campaign within the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE). This paper identifies the features needed to cover the range of promising fuel cycle options identified in the DOE-NE Fuel Cycle Evaluation and Screening and categorizes these features to facilitate prioritization. Features are categorized as essential functions, integrating features, and exemplary capabilities. A library of unit tests applicable to each of the essential functions should be developed as future work. An international dialog on the functionalities and standard test methods for fuel cycle simulator tools is encouraged. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Nicholas R.; Worrall, Andrew] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 5700,Room H212,Mail Stop 6165, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Carlsen, Brett W.; Dixon, Brent W.; Hays, Ross D.] Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Peng, Bo; Passerini, Stefano] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Greenberg, Harris R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Todosow, Michael] Brookhaven Natl Lab, 2 Ctr St, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Brown, NR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg 5700,Room H212,Mail Stop 6165, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM brownnr@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Fuel Cycle Options Campaign; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC0500OR22725]; Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Fuel Cycle Options Campaign.; This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC0500OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.govidownloadsidoe-public-access-plan). NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 88 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.05.027 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DS2LF UT WOS:000380600300010 ER PT J AU Edwards, J Bindra, H Sabharwall, P AF Edwards, Jacob Bindra, Hitesh Sabharwall, Piyush TI Exergy analysis of thermal energy storage options with nuclear power plants SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Nuclear power plants; Thermal energy storage; Exergy efficiency; Energy density ID PACKED-BED; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB Storing excess thermal energy in a storage media, that can later be extracted during peak-load times is one of the better economic options for nuclear power in future. Thermal energy storage integration with light-water cooled and advanced nuclear power plants is analyzed to assess technical feasibility of different options. Various choices of storage media considered in this study include molten salts, synthetic heat transfer fluids, and packed beds of solid rocks or ceramics. Due to limitations of complex process conditions and safety requirements there are only few combinations which have potential integration possibilities. In-depth quantitative assessment of these integration possibilities are then analyzed using exergy analysis and energy density models. The exergy efficiency of thermal energy storage systems is quantified based on second law thermodynamics. This study identifies, examines, and compares different energy storage options for integration with modular NPPs, with the calculated values of energy density and exergy efficiency. The thermal energy storage options such as synthetic heat transfer fluids perform well for light-water cooled NPPs, whereas liquid storage salt show better performance with advanced NPPs as compared to other options. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Edwards, Jacob; Bindra, Hitesh] Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Sabharwall, Piyush] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Bindra, H (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM hbindra@ksu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy via Idaho National Laboratory [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; NRC FX The material presented is based upon work partly supported by the U.S. Department of Energy via Idaho National Laboratory under Prime Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. First author, Jacob Edwards, was supported by NRC graduate fellowship program. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.06.005 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DS2LF UT WOS:000380600300012 ER PT J AU Isotalo, AE Davidson, GG Pandya, TM Wieselquist, WA Johnson, SR AF Isotalo, A. E. Davidson, G. G. Pandya, T. M. Wieselquist, W. A. Johnson, S. R. TI Flux renormalization in constant power burnup calculations SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Burnup calculations; Renormalization; Substeps; Constant power depletion ID DEPLETION COUPLING SCHEMES; BATEMAN SOLUTIONS AB To more accurately represent the desired power in a constant power burnup calculation, the depletion steps of the calculation can be divided into substeps and the neutron flux renormalized on each substep to match the desired power. This paper explores how such renormalization should be performed, how large a difference it makes, and whether using renormalization affects results regarding the relative performance of different neutronics-depletion coupling schemes. When used with older coupling schemes, renormalization can provide a considerable improvement in overall accuracy. With previously published higher order coupling schemes, which are more accurate to begin with, renormalization has a much smaller effect. While renormalization narrows the differences in the accuracies of different coupling schemes, their order of accuracy is not affected. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Isotalo, A. E.; Davidson, G. G.; Pandya, T. M.; Wieselquist, W. A.; Johnson, S. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Isotalo, A. E.] Aalto Univ, POB 14100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. RP Isotalo, AE (reprint author), Aalto Univ, POB 14100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. EM aarno.isotalo@aalto.fi OI Wieselquist, William/0000-0002-2211-7395 FU Finnish Research Program on Nuclear Power Plant Safety [SAFIR2018]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Advanced Modeling and Simulation Office, under the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program FX Funding from SAFIR2018, the Finnish Research Program on Nuclear Power Plant Safety, is acknowledged. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Advanced Modeling and Simulation Office, under the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 148 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.05.031 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DS2LF UT WOS:000380600300016 ER PT J AU Schillo, KJ Kumar, A Harris, KE Hew, YM Howe, SD AF Schillo, Kevin J. Kumar, Akansha Harris, Kurt E. Hew, Yayu M. Howe, Steven D. TI Neutronics and thermal hydraulics analysis of a low-enriched uranium cermet fuel core for a Mars surface power reactor SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Supercritical; Neutronics; Thermal hydraulics; CO2; Mars AB A fission reactor utilizing low-enriched uranium cermet fuel and supercritical carbon dioxide as coolant was designed to provide electrical power for a manned Mars base. The reactor was designed to generate 1.67 MWth for a fifteen year operational lifetime, with an electric output of 333 kWe. The core has alternating rows of fuel elements and a breeder blanket, with nineteen coolant channels in the fuel element and a single coolant channel in the breeder blanket. The design uses 15% isotopic enriched U-235 based cermet fuel, and uranium dioxide fuelled blankets. S-CO2 is used as a coolant, which converts the heat generated by the reactor to electricity using a closed Brayton cycle. Cermet fuel is used in the form of hexagonal shaped elements with 19 coolant channels and a zirconium hydride neutron moderator. The reactor uses B4C based control drums for control and safety. ZrC is used as thermal insulator, and ensures that the ZrH moderator does not reach an unacceptably high temperature. The coolant channels have a cladding of tungsten to prevent the release of fission gas from the fuel into the coolant. Beryllium reflectors are used to moderate and reflect neutrons back into the active core. The active core has a bull's eye configuration, in which there are alternate fuel and blanket circular rows. Nuclear reactor modeling, neutronics, and depletion analysis were done using MCNP6. The neutronics analysis found the maximum peaking factor that would occur in the core. This was used to determine the greatest amount of thermal power that the core's fuel elements and breeder blanket would experience. This provided the basis for the thermal hydraulics, which sought to determine the maximum inlet and outlet temperatures of the S-CO2 that could be obtained while also keeping all of the reactor materials within an acceptable temperature range. Maximizing these temperatures would provide the highest performance for a power conversion system. Finding the coolant conditions that kept this section of the core below the maximum permissible temperature would ensure that the rest of the core would also remain within an acceptable temperature limit. Simulations were conducted at the different power levels the fuel element and breeder blanket would generate throughout the reactor's fifteen-year lifecycle. The thermal hydraulics which was done using COMSOL Multiphysics. This research presents a very viable reactor design that uses materials currently tested on other types of reactors. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schillo, Kevin J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kumar, Akansha] Idaho Natl Lab, Ctr Space Nucl Res, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. [Harris, Kurt E.] Utah State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hew, Yayu M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Howe, Steven D.] Talos Power LLC, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Schillo, KJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM kjs0011@uah.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 307 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.05.035 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DS2LF UT WOS:000380600300034 ER PT J AU Chang, GS AF Chang, G. S. TI Advanced CANDU reactors axial xenon oscillation controllability validation SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE MCNP; ORIGEN2; Fuel burnup; Controllability; Stability; Xenon oscillation ID CARLO BURNUP CODES; NUMERICAL STABILITY; CYCLE CALCULATIONS AB Advanced CANDU reactor fuel channel assembly MCNP model with top, bottom, and four lattice sides reflecting boundaries is used to generate a conservative flat axial neutron flux distribution for the Xe-135 oscillation controllability analyses. Burnup-dependent neutron Fission Tally and Xe-135 axial profiles are calculated using the Monte Carlo burnup script MCOS. The controllability of the Xe-135 oscillations is validated by the MCOS-calculated xenon reactivity worth swings with respect to the mean. The validated upper bound of the xenon reactivity swing band of 3 mk is well within the zone controller reactivity bank of +/- 7 mk. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, G. S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Chang, GS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM gray.chang@gmail.com NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 441 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.06.039 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA DS2LF UT WOS:000380600300047 ER PT J AU Simbeck, AJ Lanzillo, NA Kharche, N Nayak, SK AF Simbeck, Adam J. Lanzillo, Nicholas A. Kharche, Neerav Nayak, Saroj K. TI Substrate polarization effect on the band gaps of one-dimensional semiconducting atomic wires SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Density functional theory; Surface polarization; 2D nanostructures; Perturbation theory ID QUASI-PARTICLE ENERGIES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; NANOWIRE BUILDING-BLOCKS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SILICON NANOWIRES; ELECTRON-GAS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; GRAPHENE; EXCHANGE; SURFACE AB The dielectric screening induced modulation of the electronic structure of model SiH2 and GeH2 one-dimensional atomic wires is investigated using graphene as a prototypical substrate. A combination of first-principles density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory within the GW approximation is employed to investigate how the substrate alters the electronic structure of the weakly bounds wires. The quasiparticle GW band gaps of the atomic wires are reduced by similar to 1 eV when supported by a graphene substrate. The band gap reduction is attributed to a change in the correlation energy of the frontier orbitals of the atomic wires due to the increased effective screening of the Coulomb interaction as a result of the polarization of the dielectric substrate. This work indicates that the band gaps of semiconducting nanowires composed of Si and Ge can be engineered via the interaction with the substrate in addition to conventional approaches such as adjusting size and crystal orientation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Simbeck, Adam J.; Lanzillo, Nicholas A.; Kharche, Neerav; Nayak, Saroj K.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Kharche, Neerav] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Computat Ctr Nanotechnol Innovat, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Kharche, Neerav] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Nayak, Saroj K.] Indian Inst Technol Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa, India. RP Simbeck, AJ (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM adamjsimbeck@gmail.com; lanzin2@rpi.edu; nkharche@bnl.gov; nayaks@iitbbs.ac.in FU Interconnect Focus Center (MARCO program); National Science Foundation (NSF) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program [0333314]; NSF Petascale Simulations and Analysis (PetaApps) program [0749140]; Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-12-2-0023]; State of New York FX This work is supported by the Interconnect Focus Center (MARCO program), State of New York, the National Science Foundation (NSF) Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program, Grant No. 0333314, the NSF Petascale Simulations and Analysis (PetaApps) program, Grant No. 0749140, the Army Research Laboratory under cooperative agreement number W911NF-12-2-0023, and an anonymous gift from Rensselaer. Computing resources of the Center for Computational Innovations (CCI) at Rensselaer, partly funded by the State of New York, have been used for this work. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 14 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.06.014 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DS0SK UT WOS:000380306800003 ER PT J AU Huang, GY Juslin, N Wirth, BD AF Huang, Gui-Yang Juslin, Niklas Wirth, Brian D. TI First-principles study of vacancy, interstitial, noble gas atom interstitial and vacancy clusters in bcc-W SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Tungsten; First-principles; Formation energy; Migration energy; Binding energy ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; THERMAL-EXPANSION; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; METALLIC ELEMENTS; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; POINT-DEFECTS; TUNGSTEN; SIMULATION; DIFFUSION AB Based on first-principles calculations, the vacancy and self-interstitial formation energy in bcc-W are 3.19 eV and 9.97 eV. Binding energy between the dumbbell interstitials can be up to 2.29 eV. Binding energy for the first and second nearest neighbor vacancy pair are -0.12 eV and -0.41 eV. The migration barrier of vacancy, He, Ne and Ar interstitial are 1.70 eV, 0.07 eV, 0.15 eV and 0.25 eV. The migration barrier of self-interstitial along 111 is 0.05 eV. The so-called rotation barrier of self-interstitial is 0.35 eV. The formation energy of He, Ne, Ar substitutional and He, Ne, Ar tetrahedral interstitial are 4.85 eV, 6.42 eV, 9.54 eV and 6.23 eV, 10.40 eV, 15.10 eV, respectively. Binding energy for di-gas atom (He, Ne and Ar) interstitial are 0.95 eV, 2.28 eV and 1.70 eV. The binding energy of noble gas atom interstitial and vacancy cluster are obtained and can be used as an input to build a molecular dynamics (MD) W-Ne potential. Then molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can be used to investigate the mechanism and temperature dependence of the surface modification of plasma-facing tungsten in the application of future fusion reactors in the following investigations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Gui-Yang; Juslin, Niklas; Wirth, Brian D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Wirth, Brian D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Huang, GY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM huangguiyang@gmail.com; njuslin@gmail.com; bdwirth@utk.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DOE-DE-SC0006661]; Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program on Plasma Surface Interactions; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Fusion Energy Sciences FX The authors acknowledge partial support for this work from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under grant DOE-DE-SC0006661, and through the Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program on Plasma Surface Interactions, funded by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Fusion Energy Sciences. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 121 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.06.022 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DS0SK UT WOS:000380306800018 ER PT J AU Xi, JQ Liu, B Zhang, YW Weber, WJ AF Xi, Jianqi Liu, Bin Zhang, Yanwen Weber, William J. TI Ab initio study of point defects near stacking faults in 3C-SiC SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Stacking fault; Charged point defects; Density functional theory; 3C-SiC ID JAHN-TELLER DISTORTIONS; CUBIC SILICON-CARBIDE; SPIN-STATE; VACANCY; CRYSTALS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; AMORPHIZATION; RESISTANCE; DIAMOND; ENERGY AB Interactions between point defects and stacking faults in 3C-SiC are studied using an ab initio method based on density functional theory. The results show that the discontinuity of the stacking sequence considerably affects the configurations and behavior of intrinsic defects, especially in the case of silicon interstitials. The existence of an intrinsic stacking fault (missing a C-Si bilayer) shortens the distance between the tetrahedral-center site and its second-nearest-neighboring silicon layer, making the tetrahedral silicon interstitial unstable. Instead of a tetrahedral configuration with four C neighbors, a pyramid-like interstitial structure with a defect state within the band gap becomes a stable configuration. In addition, orientation rotation occurs in the split interstitials that has diverse effects on the energy landscape of silicon and carbon split interstitials in the stacking fault region. Furthermore, our analyses of ionic relaxation and electronic structure of vacancies show that the built-in strain field, owing to the existence of the stacking fault, makes the local environment around vacancies more complex than that in the bulk. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xi, Jianqi; Liu, Bin; Zhang, Yanwen; Weber, William J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Liu, Bin] Shanghai Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yanwen; Weber, William J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Weber, WJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM wjweber@utk.edu RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Xi, Jianqi/P-3904-2016; Liu, Bin/N-9955-2014 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Xi, Jianqi/0000-0002-0501-9718; FU University of Tennessee Governor's Chair Program FX We thank Dr. Takuji Oda for helpful suggestions. We also thank Dr. Fenglin Yuan and Dr. Haiyan Xiao for insightful discussions. This work was supported by the University of Tennessee Governor's Chair Program. The density functional theory calculations were performed using the Newton cluster and Darter supercomputer at the University of Tennessee. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 131 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.06.023 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DS0SK UT WOS:000380306800019 ER PT J AU Casillas-Trujillo, L Xu, H McMurray, JW Shin, D Baldinozzi, G Sickafus, KE AF Casillas-Trujillo, L. Xu, H. McMurray, J. W. Shin, D. Baldinozzi, G. Sickafus, K. E. TI Structure and cation ordering in La2UO6, Ce2UO6, LaUO4, and CeUO4 by first principles calculations SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ab initio calculations; Density functional theory; Rare-earth; Oxides ID LA-O SYSTEM; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; PHASE; STABILITY; METALS; OXIDE AB In the present work, we have used density functional theory (DFT) and DFT+U to investigate the crystal structure and phase stability of four model compounds in the Ln(2)O(3)-UO2-UO3 ternary oxide system: La2UO6, Ce2UO6, LaUO4, CeUO4, due to the highly-correlated nature of the f-electrons in uranium. We have considered both hypothetical ordered compounds and compounds in which the cations randomly occupy atomic sites in a fluorite-like lattice. We determined that ordered compounds are stable and are energetically favored compared to disordered configurations, though the ordering tendencies are weak. To model and analyze the structures of these complex oxides, we have used supercells based on a layered atomic model. In the layer model, the supercell is composed of alternating planes of anions and cations. We have considered two different ordering motifs for the cations, namely single species (isoatomic) cation layers versus mixed species cation layers. Energy differences between various ordered cationic arrangements were found to be small. This may have implications regarding radiation stability, since cationic arrangements should be able to change under irradiation with little cost in energy. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Casillas-Trujillo, L.; Xu, H.; Sickafus, K. E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [McMurray, J. W.; Shin, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Baldinozzi, G.] Centralesupelec, CNRS, Lab Struct Proprietes & Modelisat Solides, F-92295 Chatenay Malabry, France. RP Xu, H; Sickafus, KE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM xhx@utk.edu; kurt@utk.edu RI Shin, Dongwon/C-6519-2008 OI Shin, Dongwon/0000-0002-5797-3423 FU Stewardship Science Academic Alliances (SSAA) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) [DE-NA0001983]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Program; National Institute for Computational Sciences at UT [UT-TENN0112] FX This work was performed under grant number DE-NA0001983 from the Stewardship Science Academic Alliances (SSAA) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the DOE, NNSA, or the SSAA. Research partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Program. This research used computing resources of the National Institute for Computational Sciences at UT under contract UT-TENN0112. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 201 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.05.042 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DS0SK UT WOS:000380306800026 ER PT J AU Antonelli, PE Bryden, KM LeSar, R AF Antonelli, P. E. Bryden, K. M. LeSar, R. TI A model-to-model interface for concurrent multiscale simulations SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Multiscale modeling; Model-to-model interface; Lattice Boltzmann; Molecular dynamics ID LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD; DYNAMICS; EQUATION; SCIENCE; STATE; GAS AB We present a low-level model-to-model interface that will enable independent models to be linked into an integrated system of models. The interface is based on a standard set of functions that contain appropriate export and import schemas that enable models to be linked with no changes to the models themselves. These ideas are presented in the context of a specific multiscale materials problem that couples atomistic-based molecular dynamics calculations to continuum calculations of fluid flow to examine the influence of interactions of the fluid with an adjacent solid on the fluid flow. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Antonelli, P. E.; Bryden, K. M.; LeSar, R.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Antonelli, P. E.; LeSar, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bryden, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP LeSar, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM lesar@iastate.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy; Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy and was performed at the Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 EI 1879-0801 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 123 BP 244 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.06.031 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DS0SK UT WOS:000380306800030 ER PT J AU Jackson, RS Wiens, RC Vaniman, DT Beegle, L Gasnault, O Newsom, HE Maurice, S Meslin, PY Clegg, S Cousin, A Schroder, S Williams, JM AF Jackson, R. S. Wiens, R. C. Vaniman, D. T. Beegle, L. Gasnault, O. Newsom, H. E. Maurice, S. Meslin, P. -Y. Clegg, S. Cousin, A. Schroder, S. Williams, J. M. TI ChemCam investigation of the John Klein and Cumberland drill holes and tailings, Gale crater, Mars SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Experimental techniques; Mars; Mars, surface ID INSTRUMENT SUITE; SYSTEM; UNIT AB The ChemCam instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory rover analyzed the rock surface, drill hole walls, tailings, and unprocessed and sieved dump piles to investigate chemical variations with depth in the first two martian drill holes and possible fractionation or segregation effects of the drilling and sample processing. The drill sites are both in Sheepbed Mudstone, the lowest exposed member of the Yellowknife Bay formation. Yellowknife Bay is composed of detrital basaltic materials in addition to clay minerals and an amorphous component. The drill tailings are a mixture of basaltic sediments and diagenetic material like calcium sulfate veins, while the shots on the drill site surface and walls of the drill holes are closer to those pure end members. The sediment dumped from the sample acquisition, processing, and handling subsystem is of similar composition to the tailings; however, due to the specifics of the drilling process the tailings and dump piles come from different depths within the hole. This allows the ChemCam instrument to analyze samples representing the bulk composition from different depths. On the pre-drill surfaces, the Cumberland site has a greater amount of CaO and evidence for calcium sulfate veins, than the John Klein site. However, John Klein has a greater amount of calcium sulfate veins below the surface, as seen in mapping, drill hole wall analysis, and observations in the drill tailings and dump pile. In addition, the Cumberland site does not have any evidence of variations in bulk composition with depth down the drill hole, while the John Klein site has evidence for a greater amount of CaO (calcium sulfates) in the top portion of the hole compared to the middle section of the hole, where the drill sample was collected. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jackson, R. S.; Newsom, H. E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Wiens, R. C.; Clegg, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Vaniman, D. T.] Planetary Sci Inst, 1700 East Ft Lowell,Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Beegle, L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Maurice, S.; Meslin, P. -Y.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31000 Toulouse, France. [Maurice, S.; Meslin, P. -Y.; Cousin, A.; Schroder, S.] CNRS, IRAP, 9 Ave Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Williams, J. M.] Western Washington Univ, 516 High St, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. RP Jackson, RS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM ryansteelejackson@yahoo.com RI Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010 OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012 FU Mars Science Laboratory project; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) on the French part of the ChemCam project FX This work was supported by the Mars Science Laboratory project, with additional support from the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) on the French part of the ChemCam project. In addition, the authors would like to thank JPL for designing and leading this successful mission. The lead author would also like to thank his wife and parents for their support. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD OCT PY 2016 VL 277 BP 330 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.04.026 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS1UB UT WOS:000380385100023 ER PT J AU Sun, TT Lin, WP Chen, GS Guo, PP Zeng, Y AF Sun, Tengteng Lin, Wenpeng Chen, Guangsheng Guo, Pupu Zeng, Ying TI Wetland ecosystem health assessment through integrating remote sensing and inventory data with an assessment model for the Hangzhou Bay, China SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Hangzhou Bay; Wetlands; Ecosystem health assessment; Remote sensing; PSR model; AHP ID RIVER-BASIN; MACROINVERTEBRATES; LANDSCAPE; INDICATOR; FRAMEWORK AB Due to rapid urbanization, industrialization and population growth, wetland area in China has shrunk rapidly and many wetland ecosystems have been reported to degrade during recent decades. Wetland health assessment could raise the public awareness of the wetland condition and guide policy makers to make reasonable and sustainable policies or strategies to protect and restore wetland ecosystems. This study assessed the health levels of wetland ecosystem at the Hangzhou Bay, China using the pressure-state-response (PSR) model through synthesizing remote sensing and statistical data. Ten ecological and social-economic indicators were selected to build the wetland health assessment system. Weights of these indicators and PSR model components as well as the normalized wetland health score were assigned and calculated based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. We analyzed the spatio-temporal changes in wetland ecosystem health status during the past 20 years (1990-2010) from the perspectives of ecosystem pressure, state and response. The results showed that the overall wetland health score was in a fair health level, but displayed large spatial variability in 2010. The wetland health score declined from good health level to fair health level from 1990 to 2000, then restored slightly from 2000 to 2010. Overall, wetland health levels showed a decline from 1990 to 2010 for most administrative units. The temporal change patterns in wetland ecosystem health varied significantly among administrative units. Our results could help to clarify the administrative responsibilities and obligations and provide scientific guides not only for wetland protection but also for restoration and city development planning at the Hangzhou Bay area. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Tengteng; Lin, Wenpeng; Guo, Pupu; Zeng, Ying] Shanghai Normal Univ, Coll Tourism, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. [Sun, Tengteng] Shanghai Normal Univ, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. [Chen, Guangsheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lin, WP (reprint author), Shanghai Normal Univ, Coll Tourism, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China.; Chen, GS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM linwenpeng@163.com; cheng@ornl.gov OI chen, guangsheng/0000-0001-6544-5287 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41571047]; Shanghai Natural Science Foundation [15ZR1431000]; National Special Research Fund for Public Welfare (Meteorology) of China [GYHY201406028] FX This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41571047), Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (No. 15ZR1431000), and the National Special Research Fund for Public Welfare (Meteorology) of China (GYHY201406028). We would also like to express our sincere thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 36 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 566 BP 627 EP 640 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.028 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DS8VK UT WOS:000381060900065 PM 27236628 ER PT J AU DeRolph, CR Schramm, MP Bevelhimer, MS AF DeRolph, Christopher R. Schramm, Michael P. Bevelhimer, Mark S. TI Predicting environmental mitigation requirements for hydropower projects through the integration of biophysical and socio-political geographies SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Hydropower; Mitigation; Modeling; Prediction; Environmental; Sociopolitical ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; MODELS; ECOSYSTEMS; URBANIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; GENERATION; MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPE; HABITAT AB Uncertainty about environmental mitigation needs at existing and proposed hydropower projects makes it difficult for stakeholders to minimize environmental impacts. Hydropower developers and operators desire tools to better anticipate mitigation requirements, while natural resource managers and regulators need tools to evaluate different mitigation scenarios and order effective mitigation. Here we sought to examine the feasibility of using a suite of multi-faceted explanatory variables within a spatially explicit modeling framework to fit predictive models for future environmental mitigation requirements at hydropower projects across the conterminous U.S. Using a database comprised of mitigation requirements from more than 300 hydropower project licenses, we were able to successfully fit models for nearly 50 types of environmental mitigation and to apply the predictive models to a set of more than 500 non-powered dams identified as having hydropower potential. The results demonstrate that mitigation requirements are functions of a range of factors, from biophysical to socio-political. Project developers can use these models to inform cost projections and design considerations, while regulators can use the models to more quickly identify likely environmental issues and potential solutions, hopefully resulting in more timely and more effective decisions on environmental mitigation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [DeRolph, Christopher R.; Schramm, Michael P.; Bevelhimer, Mark S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP DeRolph, CR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM derolphcr@ornl.gov OI Schramm, Michael/0000-0003-1876-6592 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office, Wind and Water Power Technologies Program through Oak Ridge National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We would like to thank R. McManamay for statistical advice, suggestions for predictor variables, and valuable comments on this manuscript. We also thank S.C. Kao for assistance with the NHAAP database and FERC licenses. This study was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office, Wind and Water Power Technologies Program through Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 566 BP 888 EP 918 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.099 PG 31 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DS8VK UT WOS:000381060900086 PM 27280379 ER PT J AU Breault, RW Rowan, SL Monazam, E Stewart, KT AF Breault, Ronald W. Rowan, Steven L. Monazam, Esmail Stewart, Kyle T. TI Lateral particle size segregation in a riser under core annular flow conditions due to the Saffman lift force SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Saffman force; Core annular flow; Particle segregation ID CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED-BED AB It has been observed under certain flow conditions that there is a measured increase in fine particle concentration at the center of the circulating fluidized bed riser just below the exit to the cyclone. It is hypothesized that the Saffman force might be responsible for this phenomena. Therefore, this research paper discusses the likelihood of the existence of "Saffman" forces, or lift due to viscous shear, in cylindrical, circulating fluidized bed (CFB) risers operating in the core annular regime. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Breault, Ronald W.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Rowan, Steven L.; Stewart, Kyle T.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Morgantown, WV USA. [Monazam, Esmail] REM Engn Serv, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Breault, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM ronald.breault@netl.doe.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the National Energy Technology Laboratory Research Participation Program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-5910 EI 1873-328X J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 299 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.05.047 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA DR0YU UT WOS:000379633600013 ER PT J AU Bakshi, A Altantzis, C Bates, RB Ghoniem, AF AF Bakshi, A. Altantzis, C. Bates, R. B. Ghoniem, A. F. TI Study of the effect of reactor scale on fluidization hydrodynamics using fine-grid CFD simulations based on the two-fluid model SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fluidized bed; Scale-up; Bubble dynamics; Solids circulation; Two-Fluid Model ID BUBBLE-GROWTH; PARTICLE TRACKING; TUBE BANKS; BEDS; GAS; FLOW; DIAMETER; CIRCULATION; COALESCENCE; FREQUENCY AB Reliable scale-up of fluidized beds is essential to ensure that analysis and performance optimization at lab-scale can be applied to commercial scales. However, scaling fluidized beds for dynamic similarity continues to be challenging because flow hydrodynamics at lab-scale are largely influenced by bed geometry making extrapolation of conclusions to large-scales infeasible. Therefore, this study is focused on analyzing the effect of bed geometry on the fluidization hydrodynamics using large-scale CFD simulations. The two fluid model (TFM) is employed to describe the solids motion efficiently and simulations are conducted for fluidization of 1150 mu m LLDPE and 500 pm glass beads in beds of different sizes (diameter D = 15-70 cm and initial bed height H-0 = 10-75 cm). The hydrodynamics are subsequently investigated qualitatively using time-resolved visualizations, bubble centroid and solids velocity maps as well as quantitatively using detailed bubble statistics and solids circulation metrics. It is shown that as the bed diameter is increased, average bubble sizes decrease although similar-sized bubbles rise faster because of lower wall resistance, both factors contributing to faster solids circulation. On the other hand, fluidization hydrodynamics in 50 cm diameter bed are relatively insensitive to the choice of H-0 and similarities in solids circulation patterns are observed in shallow beds as well as in the lower regions of deep beds. Finally, it is shown that the size and spatial-distribution of bubbles is crucial for maintaining dynamic similarity of bubbling beds. Specifically, the bed dimensions (D, H-0) must ensure that (a) bubbles are typically much smaller than the bed diameter and (b) solids circulation patterns are similar across scales of interest. Overall, insights from this study can be used for describing the gas distribution and solids motion more accurately for better design of commercial beds. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bakshi, A.; Altantzis, C.; Bates, R. B.; Ghoniem, A. F.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Altantzis, C.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Bakshi, A (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mech Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM abakshi@mit.edu FU BP; U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge BP for funding this research. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the National Energy Technology Laboratory Research Participation Program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-5910 EI 1873-328X J9 POWDER TECHNOL JI Powder Technol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 299 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.05.029 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA DR0YU UT WOS:000379633600019 ER PT J AU Tom, NM Lawson, MJ Yu, YH Wright, AD AF Tom, N. M. Lawson, M. J. Yu, Y. H. Wright, A. D. TI Development of a nearshore oscillating surge wave energy converter with variable geometry SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Oscillating surge wave energy converter; Variable structures; Structural load control; Linearization ID ABSORBER; CAPTURE AB This paper presents an analysis of a novel wave energy converter concept that combines an oscillating surge wave energy converter (OSWEC) with control surfaces. The control surfaces allow for a variable device geometry that enables the hydrodynamic properties to be adapted with respect to structural loading, absorption range and power-take-off capability. The device geometry is adjusted on a sea state to-sea state time scale and combined with wave-to-wave manipulation of the power take-off (PTO) to provide greater control over the capture efficiency, capacity factor, and design loads. This work begins with a sensitivity study of the hydrodynamic coefficients with respect to device width, support structure thickness, and geometry. A linear frequency domain analysis is used to evaluate device performance in terms of absorbed power, foundation loads, and PTO torque. Previous OSWEC studies included nonlinear hydrodynamics, in response a nonlinear model that includes a quadratic viscous damping torque that was linearized via the Lorentz linearization. Inclusion of the quadratic viscous torque led to construction of an optimization problem that incorporated motion and PTO constraints. Results from this study found that, when transitioning from moderate-to-large sea states the novel OSWEC was capable of reducing structural loads while providing a near constant power output. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tom, N. M.; Lawson, M. J.; Yu, Y. H.; Wright, A. D.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, MS 3811,15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Tom, NM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, MS 3811,15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM nathan.tom@nrel.gov; Michael.Lawson@nrel.gov; Yi-Hsiang.Yu@nrel.gov; Alan.Wright@nrel.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD OCT PY 2016 VL 96 BP 410 EP 424 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2016.04.016 PN A PG 15 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA DQ5UX UT WOS:000379271800036 ER PT J AU Bryner, D Huffer, F Rosenthal, M Tucker, JD Srivastava, A AF Bryner, Darshan Huffer, Fred Rosenthal, Michael Tucker, J. Derek Srivastava, Anuj TI Estimation of linear target-layer trajectories using cluttered point cloud data SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Spatial point process; Poisson process; Point clouds; Line detection ID MINEFIELDS; CLASSIFICATION; FEATURES; MINES AB The problem of estimating a target-layer trajectory, modeled by a straight line, in 2D point clouds that contain target locations and overwhelming clutter is studied. These point clouds are generated by an image-based pre-processing tool, termed ATR, operating on SONAR image data that results in: (1) point locations and (2) an ATR score: a measure of the "target-likeness" for each point. The model of choice assumes that the observed point cloud is a superposition of two spatial processes: (1) a 1D Poisson process along the target-layer line, corrupted by 2D Gaussian noise, denoting target locations and (2) a 2D Poisson process denoting clutter. It is further assumed that the target-likeness measure follows known probability distributions for both target locations and clutter. The line is parameterized by distance from the origin and the angle with respect to a horizontal axis, and the likelihood of these parameters for observed data is derived. Using a maximum-likelihood approach, a gradient-based estimate for line parameters and other nuisance parameters is developed. A formal procedure that tests for the presence of a target-layer trajectory in the point cloud data is additionally developed. The success of this method in both simulated and real datasets collected by NSWC PCD is demonstrated. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bryner, Darshan; Rosenthal, Michael] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Panama City Div X13, 110 Vernon Ave, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. [Huffer, Fred; Srivastava, Anuj] Florida State Univ, Dept Stat, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Tucker, J. Derek] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 1202, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bryner, D (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Panama City Div X13, 110 Vernon Ave, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. EM darshan.bryner@navy.mil; huffer@stat.fsu.edu; michael.m.rosenthal@navy.mil; jdtuck@sandia.gov; anuj@stat.fsu.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 EI 1872-7352 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 102 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.csda.2016.04.002 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA DQ3KS UT WOS:000379101800001 ER PT J AU Klaehn, JR Orme, CJ Peterson, ES AF Klaehn, John R. Orme, Christopher J. Peterson, Eric S. TI Blended polybenzimidazole and melamine-co-formaldehyde thermosets SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE High performance polymers; Synthesis; Polybenzimidazoles; High temperature; Gas permeation analysis ID HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANES; PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; HIGH-TEMPERATURE PEMFC; POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE); ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; HYDROGEN SEPARATION; SYNTHESIS GAS; FUEL-CELLS; PBI; PERMEATION AB Polybenzimidazole [PBI; poly-2,2'(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole] is known to have excellent high temperature stability (up to 450 degrees C) and superb H-2/CO2 selectivity compared to most high performance (HP) polymers. New blended thermosets were made with PBI and poly(melamine co-formaldehyde) [PMF] to produce stable thin-films after thermal processing at 220-250 degrees C. PBI film formation is difficult, because of challenging processing techniques. As a result, the film tends to fracture and fissure due to processing aids and stabilizers (salt/acid additives) that are found in PBI solutions above 10 wt%. Therefore, PBI dense thin-films are fragile and prone to fracturing during film processing. The reported PBI-PMF blended thermosets do not have stabilizers, and can be made into dense thin-films. The PBI-PMF films were analyzed using pure and mixed gas permeability measurement techniques. At 250 degrees C, the data show H-2/CO2 gas selectivities greater than 13. Also from the gas permeation data, the energy of activation (Ep) of a mixed gas stream for PBI-PMF shows that hydrogen permeates more easily than the other gases, while the permeabilities for the larger kinetic diameter gases are greatly diminished. In addition, the FTIR spectra show that the PBI-PMF films have changed from parent PBI after thermal processing, and PMF dominates the spectra even in minor percent compositions. Overall, the reported PBI-PMF thermoset films show good stability which can be used for high temperature gas separation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Klaehn, John R.; Orme, Christopher J.; Peterson, Eric S.] Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Klaehn, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM john.klaehn@inl.gov RI Peterson, Eric/B-9127-2017; Klaehn, John/C-6011-2017 OI Peterson, Eric/0000-0002-2292-4939; Klaehn, John/0000-0002-7077-4509 FU United States Department of Energy [DE AC07-051D14517]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) at the Idaho National Laboratory FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy through contract DE AC07-051D14517 and by Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) at the Idaho National Laboratory. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 95 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 EI 1873-3123 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 515 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.05.016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA DO8UU UT WOS:000378060800001 ER PT J AU Zuo, C Huang, L Zhang, ML Chen, Q Asundi, A AF Zuo, Chao Huang, Lei Zhang, Minliang Chen, Qian Asundi, Anand TI Temporal phase unwrapping algorithms for fringe projection profilometry: A comparative review SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE Phase measurement; Fringe projection profilometry; Temporal phase unwrapping ID 3-DIMENSIONAL SHAPE MEASUREMENT; FOURIER-TRANSFORM PROFILOMETRY; GRAY-CODE LIGHT; DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHIC MICROSCOPY; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; NONSINUSOIDAL WAVE-FORMS; SPECKLE-EMBEDDED FRINGE; CAMERA LENS DISTORTION; SHIFTING INTERFEROMETRY; REAL-TIME AB In fringe projection profilometry (FPP), temporal phase unwrapping is an essential procedure to recover an unambiguous absolute phase even in the presence of large discontinuities or spatially isolated surfaces. So far, there are typically three groups of temporal phase unwrapping algorithms proposed in the literature: multi-frequency (hierarchical) approach, multi-wavelength (heterodyne) approach, and number-theoretical approach. In this paper, the three methods are investigated and compared in detail by analytical, numerical, and experimental means. The basic principles and recent developments of the three kind of algorithms are firstly reviewed. Then, the reliability of different phase unwrapping algorithms is compared based on a rigorous stochastic noise model. Furthermore, this noise model is used to predict the optimum fringe period for each unwrapping approach, which is a key factor governing the phase measurement accuracy in FPP. Simulations and experimental results verified the correctness and validity of the proposed noise model as well as the prediction scheme. The results show that the multi frequency temporal phase unwrapping provides the best unwrapping reliability, while the multi-wavelength approach is the most susceptible to noise-induced unwrapping errors. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zuo, Chao; Zhang, Minliang] Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Smart Computat Imaging Lab SCILab, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zuo, Chao; Zhang, Minliang; Chen, Qian] Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Se, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Huang, Lei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS 2 50 Rutherford Dr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Asundi, Anand] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, COLE, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Zuo, C (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Smart Computat Imaging Lab SCILab, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM surpasszuo@163.com; chenqian@njust.edu.cn RI Zuo, Chao/D-7273-2014 OI Zuo, Chao/0000-0002-1461-0032 FU National Natural Science Fund of China [11574152, 61505081]; Six Talent Peaks project (Jiangsu Province, China) [2015-DZXX-009]; '333 Engineering' research project (Jiangsu Province, China) [BRA2015294]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [30915011318]; Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense [3092014012200417]; 'Zijin Star' program of Nanjing University of Science and Technology FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (11574152, 61505081), Six Talent Peaks project (2015-DZXX-009, Jiangsu Province, China) and '333 Engineering' research project (BRA2015294, Jiangsu Province, China), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (30915011318), and Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging & Intelligent Sense (3092014012200417). C. Zuo thanks the support of the 'Zijin Star' program of Nanjing University of Science and Technology. NR 112 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 23 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-8166 EI 1873-0302 J9 OPT LASER ENG JI Opt. Lasers Eng. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 85 BP 84 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2016.04.022 PG 20 WC Optics SC Optics GA DO5PN UT WOS:000377835300011 ER PT J AU Simmons, CW Higgins, B Staley, S Joh, LD Simmons, BA Singer, SW Stapleton, JJ VanderGheynst, JS AF Simmons, Christopher W. Higgins, Brendan Staley, Simon Joh, Lawrence D. Simmons, Blake A. Singer, Steven W. Stapleton, James J. VanderGheynst, Jean S. TI The role of organic matter amendment level on soil heating, organic acid accumulation, and development of bacterial communities in solarized soil SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biosolarization; Heat generation; Compost; Soil amendment; Organic acid; Microbial community structure ID COMPOST STABILITY AB In light of the negative environmental impacts of soil fumigants such as methyl bromide, soil solarization, the treatment of soil using passive solar heating, has emerged as an environmentally friendly approach to soil pest suppression. Unfortunately, traditional solarization processes remove land from cultivation for 4-6 weeks during the peak of the growing season, limiting economic practicality. Biosolarization, where soil is amended with organic residues prior to solarization, can accelerate pest suppression, compress the solarization timetable, and facilitate effective treatment in shorter time periods. A combination of laboratory experiments and a field trial were employed in this study to examine the effects of organic matter amendment on soil heating, organic acid accumulation, and microbial community dynamics during biosolarization. Provision of organic matter resulted in robust metabolic activity, boosting peak soil temperatures by up to 2 degrees C beyond what could be achieved without an organic amendment. In the deep soil layers, organic matter amendment led to significant accumulation of acetic, iso-butyric, and butyric acids; increasing organic matter from 0% to 5% yielded 352-1271 fold increases in organic acid accumulation. The relative abundance of several organisms belonging to the phylum Firmicutes also increased with increasing organic matter amendment. The organic acid levels observed in this study (17 mg g(-1) soil) would result in soil suppressive to a variety of fungal and nematode plant pathogens. Moreover, results suggest that suppression could be achieved within 2 weeks, potentially making biosolarization a more attractive alternative to chemical fumigation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Simmons, Christopher W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Higgins, Brendan; Staley, Simon; Joh, Lawrence D.; VanderGheynst, Jean S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Simmons, Blake A.; Singer, Steven W.; VanderGheynst, Jean S.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Simmons, Blake A.; Singer, Steven W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Syst & Engn Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stapleton, James J.] Univ Calif, Kearney Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP VanderGheynst, JS (reprint author), Dept Biol & Agr Engn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jsvander@ucdavis.edu OI Higgins, Brendan/0000-0001-6854-9612 FU United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [US-4266-09 R]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [CA-D-BAE-2228-RR]; UC Laboratory Fees Research Program [12-LR-237496]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank Dr. Ruth Dahlquist, Lauren Jabusch and Josh Claypool for assistance with the solarization field experiments, Charles Karagosian for preparation of compost, and Dr. Michael Raviv at Newe Ya'ar Research Center at the Agricultural Research Organization of Israel, for discussions related to field experiments. This work was funded by the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund #US-4266-09 R, National Institute of Food and Agriculture project CA-D-BAE-2228-RR, the UC Laboratory Fees Research Program #12-LR-237496, and was performed as part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. The financial sponsors of this work had no role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the article; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted by the Joint Genome Institute, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD OCT PY 2016 VL 106 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.018 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DN8WB UT WOS:000377359500006 ER PT J AU Zerkle, DK Nunez, MP Zucker, JM AF Zerkle, David K. Nunez, Marcel P. Zucker, Jonathan M. TI Molten Composition B Viscosity at Elevated Temperature SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE viscosity; molten high explosive; maximum volume fraction; Composition B; non-Newtonian ID FALLING CYLINDER VISCOMETER; CONCENTRATED DISPERSE SYSTEMS; NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS; RHEOLOGY; TNT; DENSITY; SPHERE AB A shear-thinning viscosity model is developed for molten Composition B at elevated temperature from analysis of falling ball viscometer data. Results are reported with the system held at 85, 110, and 135 degrees C. Balls of densities of 2.7, 8.0, and 15.6g/cm(3) are dropped to generate a range of strain rates in the material. Analysis of video recordings gives the speed at which the balls fall. Computer simulation of the viscometer is used to determine parameters for a non-Newtonian model calibrated to measured speeds. For the first time, viscosity is shown to be a function of temperature and strain rate-dependent maximum RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine) particle volume fraction. C1 [Zerkle, David K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Syst & Modeling, Analyt Intelligence & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nunez, Marcel P.] Univ Delaware, Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE USA. [Zucker, Jonathan M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Explos Sci & Shock Phys Div, Explos Applicat & Special Projects, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zerkle, DK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,Mail Stop F609, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dzerkle@lanl.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by LANS, LLC, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 23 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 EI 1545-8822 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 BP 368 EP 383 DI 10.1080/07370652.2015.1102179 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA DH5QW UT WOS:000372847900002 ER PT J AU Aaboud, M Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Abdinov, O Abeloos, B Aben, R AbouZeid, OS Abraham, NL Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Abreu, R Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Adachi, S Adamczyk, L Adams, DL Adelman, J Adomeit, S Adye, T Affolder, AA Agatonovic-Jovin, T Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Ahlen, SP Ahmadov, F Aielli, G Akerstedt, H Aring;kesson, TPA Akimov, AV Alberghi, GL Albert, J Albrand, S Verzini, MJA Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Ali, B Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Alkire, SP Allbrooke, BMM Allen, BW Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alshehri, AA Alstaty, M Gonzalez, BA Piqueras, DA Alviggi, MG Amadio, BT Amako, K Coutinho, YA Amelung, C Amidei, D Dos Santos, SPA Amorim, A Amoroso, S Amundsen, G Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anders, JK Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Angelidakis, S Angelozzi, I Angerami, A Anghinolfi, F Anisenkov, AV Anjos, N Annovi, A Antel, C Antonelli, M Antonov, A Anulli, F Aoki, M Bella, LA Arabidze, G Arai, Y Araque, JP Arce, ATH Arduh, FA Arguin, JF Argyropoulos, S Arik, M Armbruster, AJ Armitage, LJ Arnaez, O Arnold, H Arratia, M Arslan, O Artamonov, A Artoni, G Artz, S Asai, S Asbah, N Ashkenazi, A Asman, B Asquith, L Assamagan, K Astalos, R Atkinson, M Atlay, NB Augsten, K Avolio, G Axen, B Ayoub, MK Azuelos, G Baak, MA Baas, AE Baca, MJ Bachacou, H Bachas, K Backes, M Backhaus, M Bagiacchi, P Bagnaia, P Bai, Y Baines, JT Baker, OK Baldin, EM Balek, P Balestri, T Balli, F Balunas, WK Banas, E Banerjee, S Bannoura, AAE Barak, L Barberio, EL Barberis, D Barbero, M Barillari, T Barisits, MS Barklow, T Barlow, N Barnes, SL Barnett, BM Barnett, RM Barnovska-Blenessy, Z Baroncelli, A 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Zhou, C. Zhou, L. Zhou, L. Zhou, M. Zhou, N. Zhu, C. G. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhukov, K. Zibell, A. Zieminska, D. Zimine, N. I. Zimmermann, C. Zimmermann, S. Zinonos, Z. Zinser, M. Ziolkowski, M. Zivkovi, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. Nedden, M. Zur Zwalinski, L. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Dark matter interpretations of ATLAS searches for the electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in root s=8 TeV proton-proton collisions SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments) ID DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY-BREAKING; HADRON COLLIDERS; MEASURING MASSES; MONTE-CARLO; EXTENSION; MODEL; VIOLATION; COSMOLOGY; EFFICIENT; PROGRAM AB A selection of searches by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC for the electroweak production of SUSY particles are used to study their impact on the constraints on dark matter candidates. The searches use 20 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at root s = 8 TeV. A likelihood-driven scan of a five-dimensional effective model focusing on the gaugino-higgsino and Higgs sector of the phenomenological minimal supersymmetric Standard Model is performed. This scan uses data from direct dark matter detection experiments, the relic dark matter density and precision flavour physics results. Further constraints from the ATLAS Higgs mass measurement and SUSY searches at LEP are also applied. A subset of models selected from this scan are used to assess the impact of the selected ATLAS searches in this five-dimensional parameter space. These ATLAS searches substantially impact those models for which the mass m((chi) over tilde (0)(1)) of the lightest neutralino is less than 65 GeV, excluding 86% of such models. 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[Arslan, O.; Bechtle, P.; Bernlochner, F. U.; Brock, I.; Bruscino, N.; Caudron, J.; Cioara, I. A.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch.; Ghneimat, M.; Grefe, C.; Hagebock, S.; Hansen, M. C.; Hohn, D.; Huegging, F.; Janssen, J.; Kosek, T.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenz, T.; Leyko, A. M.; Liebal, J.; Moles-Valls, R.; Obermann, T.; Poggioli, L.; Pohl, D.; Ricken, O.; Sarrazin, B.; Schaepe, S.; Schopf, E.; Schultens, M. J.; Schwindt, T.; Seema, P.; Stillings, J. A.; von Toerne, E.; Wagner, P.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Winter, B. T.; Wong, K. H. Yau; Yuen, S. P. Y.; Zhang, R.] Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Kruskal, M.; Long, B. A.; Shank, J. T.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Amelung, C.; Amundsen, G.; Barone, G.; Bensinger, J. R.; Bianchini, L.; Blocker, C.; Dhaliwal, S.; Goblirsch-Kolb, M.; Herde, H.; Loew, K. M.; Sciolla, G.; Venturini, A.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Amaral Coutinho, Y.; Caloba, L. P.; Maidantchik, C.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.; de Andrade Filho, L. Manhaes; Peralva, B. S.] Fed Univ Juiz De Fora UFJF, Elect Circuits Dept, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [Do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao Del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Navarro, J. L. La Rosa; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Begel, M.; Buttinger, W.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Debbe, R.; Elmsheuser, J.; Ernst, M.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Iakovidis, G.; Klimentov, A.; Kouskoura, V.; Kravchenko, A.; Lanni, F.; Lee, C. A.; Liu, H.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Mountricha, E.; Nevski, P.; Nilsson, P.; Damazio, D. Oliveira; Paige, F.; Panitkin, S.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Pleier, M. -A.; Polychronakos, V.; Protopopescu, S.; Purohit, M.; Radeka, V.; Rajagopalan, S.; Redlinger, G.; Snyder, S.; Steinberg, P.; Stucci, S. A.; Takai, H.; Tricoli, A.; Undrus, A.; Wenaus, T.; Xu, L.; Ye, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Transilvania Univ Brasov, Brasov, Romania. [Alexa, C.; Caprini, I.; Caprini, M.; Chitan, A.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescu, S.; Dita, P.; Dita, S.; Dobre, M.; Ducu, O. A.; Jinaru, A.; Martoiu, V. S.; Maurer, J.; Olariu, A.; Pantea, D.; Rotaru, M.; Stoicea, G.; Tudorache, A.; Tudorache, V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Popeneciu, G. A.] Natl Inst Res & Dev Isotop & Mol Technol, Dept Phys, Cluj Napoca, Romania. Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. [Gravila, P. M.] West Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Bossio Sola, J. D.; Marceca, G.; Garzon, G. Otero Y.; Piegaia, R.; Sacerdoti, S.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Arratia, M.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Brunt, B. H.; Carli, I.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; Cottin, G.; Gillam, T. P. S.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Lester, C. G.; Malone, C.; Mueller, T.; Parker, M. A.; Potter, C. J.; Robinson, D.; Rosten, J. H. N.; Ward, C. P.; Yusuff, I.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge, England. [Bellerive, A.; Cree, G.; Di Valentino, D.; Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Lacey, J.; Leight, W. A.; Nomidis, I.; Oakham, F. G.; Pasztor, G.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Vincter, M. G.; Weber, S. A.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Amoroso, S.; Anders, G.; Anghinolfi, F.; Arnaez, O.; Avolio, G.; Baak, M. A.; Backhaus, M.; Barak, L.; Barisits, M-S; Beermann, T. A.; Beltramello, O.; Bianco, M.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Bortfeldt, J.; Boveia, A.; Boyd, J.; Burckhart, H.; Camarda, S.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Carrillo-Montoya, G. D.; Catinaccio, A.; Cattai, A.; Cerv, M.; Chisholm, A. S.; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Conti, G.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Di Girolamo, A.; Di Girolamo, B.; Di Nardo, R.; Dittus, F.; Dobos, D.; Dudarev, A.; Duhrssen, M.; Eifert, T.; Ellis, N.; Elsing, M.; Faltova, J.; Farthouat, P.; Fassnacht, P.; Feng, E. J.; Francis, D.; Fressard-Batraneanu, S. M.; Froidevaux, D.; Gadatsch, S.; Goossens, L.; Gorini, B.; Gray, H. M.; Gumpert, C.; Hawkes, M.; Hawkings, R. J.; Helary, L.; Helsens, C.; Correia, M. Henriques; Hervas, L.; Hesketh, G. G.; Hoecker, A.; Huhtinen, M.; Iengo, P.; Jakobsen, S.; Jenni, P.; Klioutchnikova, T.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lapoire, C.; Laporte, J. F.; Lassnig, M.; Miotto, G. Lehmann; Lenzi, B.; Lichard, P.; Malyukov, S.; Manousos, A.; Mapelli, L.; Marzin, A.; Berlingen, J. Montejo; Morgenstern, S.; Mornacchi, G.; Nairz, A. M.; Nessi, M.; Nordberg, M.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pernegger, H.; Petersen, B. A.; Pommes, K.; Poppleton, A.; Poulard, G.; Poveda, J.; Astigarraga, M. E. Pozo; Rammensee, M.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Ritsch, E.; Roe, S.; Ruthmann, N.; Salzburger, A.; Schaefer, D.; Schlenker, S.; Schmieden, K.; Sforza, F.; Sanchez, C. A. Solans; Spigo, G.; Starz, S.; Stelzer, H. J.; Teischinger, F. A.; Ten Kate, H.; Unal, G.; Vandelli, W.; Voss, R.; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Werner, P.; Wilkens, H. G.; Wotschack, J.; Young, C. J. S.; Zwalinski, L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Alison, J.; Anderson, K. J.; Bryant, P.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cheng, Y.; Dandoy, J. R.; Facini, G.; Gardner, R. W.; Kapliy, A.; Kim, Y. K.; Krizka, K.; Li, H. L.; Merritt, F. S.; Miller, D. W.; Oreglia, M. J.; Pilcher, J. E.; Saxon, J.; Shochet, M. J.; Stark, G. H.; Swiatlowski, M.; Vukotic, I.; Wu, M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Blunier, S.; Diaz, M. A.; Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooks, W. K.; Carquin, E.; Kuleshov, S.; Lopez, J. A.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.; Salazar Loyola, J. E.; Araya, S. Tapia; Vasquez, G. A.; White, R.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Bai, Y.; da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Cheng, H. J.; Fang, Y.; Jin, S.; Li, Q.; Liang, Z.; Merino, J. Llorente; Lou, X.; Mansour, J. D.; Ouyang, Q.; Peng, C.; Ren, H.; Shan, L. Y.; Sun, X.; Xu, D.; Zhu, H.; Zhuang, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.; Wang, C.; Zhang, H.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, X.; Zhou, N.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Chomont, A. R.; Donini, J.; Gris, Ph.; Madar, R.; Pallin, D.; Saez, S. M. Romano; Santoni, C.; Simon, D.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Chomont, A. R.; Donini, J.; Gris, Ph.; Madar, R.; Pallin, D.; Saez, S. M. Romano; Santoni, C.; Simon, D.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Chomont, A. R.; Donini, J.; Gris, Ph.; Madar, R.; Pallin, D.; Saez, S. M. Romano; Santoni, C.; Simon, D.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Alkire, S. P.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Carbone, R. M.; Clark, M. R.; Cole, B.; Hughes, E. W.; Iordanidou, K.; Klein, M. H.; Mohapatra, S.; Ochoa, I.; Parsons, A.; Smith, M. N. K.; Smith, R. W.; Tuts, P. M.; Wang, T.; Zhou, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Alonso, A.; Besjes, G. J.; Dam, M.; Galster, G.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Monk, J.; Mortensen, S. S.; Pedersen, L. E.; Petersen, T. C.; Pingel, A.; Wiglesworth, C.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Cairo, V. M.; Callea, G.; Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Del Gaudio, M.; Rotonda, L. La; Mastroberardino, A.; Palazzo, S.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Scarfone, V.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Cosenza, Lab Nazl Frascati, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Cairo, V. M.; Callea, G.; Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Del Gaudio, M.; Rotonda, L. La; Mastroberardino, A.; Palazzo, S.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Scarfone, V.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartmento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Gach, G. P.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.; Zemla, A.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Palka, M.; Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Marian Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Burka, K.; Chwastowski, J. J.; Derendarz, D.; Godlewski, J.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Kaczmarska, A.; Knapik, J.; Korcyl, K.; Kowalewska, A. B.; Malecki, Pa.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Stapnes, S.; Staszewski, R.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Cao, T.; Firan, A.; Gupta, R.; Hetherly, J. W.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Varol, T.; Wang, H.; Ye, J.; Zhao, X.; Zhou, L.] Southern Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Izen, J. M.; Leyton, M.; Meirose, B.; Reeves, K.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Behr, J. K.; Bertsche, C.; Bessner, M.; Bloch, I.; Britzger, D.; Deterre, C.; Cornell, S. Diez; Dutta, B.; Dyndal, M.; Eckardt, C.; Ferrando, J.; Filipuzzi, M.; Flaschel, N.; Bravo, A. Gascon; Gasnikova, K.; Glazov, A.; Gregor, I. M.; Haleem, M.; Hamnett, P. G.; Hiller, K. H.; Howarth, J.; Huang, Y.; Katzy, J.; Keller, J. S.; Kondrashova, N.; Kuhl, T.; Lobodzinska, E. M.; Lohwasser, K.; Madsen, A.; Medinnis, M.; Monig, K.; Garcia, R. F. Naranjo; Naumann, T.; O'Rourke, A. A.; Peschke, R.; Peters, K.; Pirumov, H.; Poley, A.; Rauch, M.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Schaefer, R.; Schmitt, S.; South, D.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Trofymov, A.; Wang, J.; Zakharchuk, N.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Behr, J. K.; Bertsche, C.; Bessner, M.; Bloch, I.; Britzger, D.; Deterre, C.; Cornell, S. Diez; Dutta, B.; Dyndal, M.; Eckardt, C.; Ferrando, J.; Filipuzzi, M.; Flaschel, N.; Bravo, A. Gascon; Gasnikova, K.; Glazov, A.; Gregor, I. M.; Haleem, M.; Hamnett, P. G.; Hiller, K. H.; Howarth, J.; Huang, Y.; Katzy, J.; Keller, J. S.; Kondrashova, N.; Kuhl, T.; Lobodzinska, E. M.; Lohwasser, K.; Madsen, A.; Medinnis, M.; Monig, K.; Garcia, R. F. Naranjo; Naumann, T.; O'Rourke, A. A.; Peschke, R.; Peters, K.; Pirumov, H.; Poley, A.; Rauch, M.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Schaefer, R.; Schmitt, S.; South, D.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Trofymov, A.; Wang, J.; Zakharchuk, N.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Burmeister, I.; Cinca, D.; Dette, K.; Erdmann, J.; Esch, H.; Gossling, C.; Homann, M.; Klingenberg, R.; Kroeninger, K.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Lehrstuhl Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Duschinger, D.; Friedrich, F.; Gutschow, C.; Hauswald, L.; Kobel, M.; Mader, W. F.; Novgorodova, O.; Siegert, F.; Socher, F.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.; Wahrmund, S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bjergaard, D. M.; Bocci, A.; Goshaw, A. T.; Kajomovitz, E.; Kotwal, A.; Kruse, M. C.; Li, L.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Oh, S. H.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bristow, T. M.; Clark, P. J.; Dias, F. A.; Edwards, N. C.; Gao, Y.; Walls, F. M. Garay; Glaysher, P. C. F.; Harrington, R. D.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Martin, V. J.; Mijovic, L.; Mills, C.; Pino, S. A. Olivares; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Antonelli, M.; Beretta, M.; Bilokon, H.; Chiarella, V.; Curatolo, M.; Esposito, B.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Mancini, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Arnold, H.; Betancourt, C.; Boehler, M.; Bruneliere, R.; Buehrer, F.; Burgard, C. D.; Buescher, D.; Cardillo, F.; Coniavitis, E.; Consorti, V.; Dang, N. P.; Dao, V.; Di Simone, A.; Glatzer, J.; Gonella, G.; Herten, G.; Hirose, M.; Jakobs, K.; Javurek, T.; Jenni, P.; Kiss, F.; Koneke, K.; Kopp, A. K.; Kuehn, S.; Landgraf, U.; Luedtke, C.; Nagel, M.; Pagacova, M.; Parzefall, U.; Ronzani, M.; Rosbach, K.; Ruehr, F.; Rurikova, Z.; Sammel, D.; Schillo, C.; Schnoor, U.; Schumacher, M.; Sommer, P.; Sundermann, J. E.; Ta, D.; Temming, K. K.; Tornambe, P.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Zhang, L.; Zimmermann, S.] Albert Ludwigs Univ, Fak Math & Phys, Freiburg, Germany. [Ancu, L. S.; De Mendizabal, J. Bilbao; Calace, N.; Chatterjee, A.; Clark, A.; Coccaro, A.; Delitzsch, C. M.; Della Volpe, D.; Ferrere, D.; Golling, T.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Gramling, J.; Guescini, F.; Iacobucci, G.; Katre, A.; Khoo, T. J.; Lanfermann, C.; Lionti, A. E.; March, L.; Mermod, P.; Nackenhorst, O.; Nessi, M.; Paolozzi, L.; Ristic, B.; Schramm, S.; Sfyrla, A.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Darbo, G.; Favareto, A.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gaudiello, A.; Gemme, C.; Guido, E.; Miglioranzi, S.; Morettini, P.; Oide, H.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Sannino, M.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Favareto, A.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gaudiello, A.; Guido, E.; Miglioranzi, S.; Oide, H.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Sannino, M.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Tskhadadze, E. G.] Iv Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Durglishvili, A.; Khubua, J.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Duren, M.; Heinz, C.; Kreutzfeldt, K.; Stenzel, H.] Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Phys Inst 2, Giessen, Germany. [Alshehri, A. A.; Bates, R. L.; Blue, A.; Boutle, S. K.; Madden, W. D. Breaden; Britton, D.; Buckley, A. G.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Buzatu, A.; Crawley, S. J.; D'Auria, S.; Doyle, A. T.; Gul, U.; Knue, A.; Mullen, P.; O'Shea, V.; Owen, M.; Pollard, C. S.; Qin, G.; Quilty, D.; Ravenscroft, T.; Robson, A.; St. Denis, R. D.; Stewart, G. A.; Thompson, A. S.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Bindi, M.; Bisanz, T.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, G.; De Maria, A.; Drechsler, E.; Graber, L.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Janus, M.; Kareem, M. J.; Kawamura, G.; Lai, S.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mantoani, M.; Mchedlidze, G.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Musheghyan, H.; Quadt, A.; Rieger, J.; Rosien, N. -A.; Rzehorz, G. F.; Shabalina, E.; Stolte, P.; Veatch, J.; Weingarten, J.; Zinonos, Z.] Georg August Univ, Phys Inst 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Berlendis, S.; Bethani, A.; Camincher, C.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Gradin, P. O. J.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Petit, E.; Stark, J.; Trocme, B.; Wu, M.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Chan, S. K.; Clark, B. L.; Franklin, M.; Giromini, P.; Huth, J.; Ippolito, V.; Lazovich, T.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Morii, M.; Rogan, C. S.; Skottowe, H. P.; Sun, S.; Tolley, E.; Tong, B.; Tuna, A. N.; Zambito, S.] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Barnovska-Blenessy, Z.; Gao, J.; Geng, C.; Guo, Y.; Han, L.; Hu, Q.; Jiang, Y.; Li, B.; Li, C.; Liu, J. B.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y. L.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Song, H. Y.; Wang, W.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, R.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Andrei, V.; Antel, C.; Baas, A. E.; Brandt, O.; Djuvsland, J. I.; Dunford, M.; Geisler, M. P.; Hanke, P.; Jongmanns, J.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lang, V. S.; Meier, K.; Theenhausen, H. Meyer Zu; Villar, D. I. Narrias; Sahinsoy, M.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Suchek, S.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Anders, C. F.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Giulini, M.; Kolb, M.; Lisovyi, M.; Schaetzel, S.; Schoening, A.; Sosa, D.] Heidelberg Univ, Phys Inst, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kretz, M.; Kugel, A.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Bortolotto, V.; Chan, Y. L.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Lu, H.; Salvucci, A.; Tsui, K. M.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Bortolotto, V.; Orlando, N.; Salvucci, A.; Tu, Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Bortolotto, V.; Prokofiev, K.; Salvucci, A.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Calfayan, P.; Choi, K.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Kopeliansky, R.; Lammers, S.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Weinert, B.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Guenther, J.; Iwanski, W.; Jansky, R.; Kneringer, E.; Lukas, W.; Milic, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Argyropoulos, S.; Benitez, J.; Mallik, U.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, F.; Jiang, H.; Krumnack, N.; Pluth, D.; Prell, S.; Werner, M. D.; Yu, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Ahmadov, F.; Aleksandrov, I. N.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Gongadze, A.; Gostkin, M. I.; Huseynov, N.; Javadov, N.; Karpov, S. N.; Karpova, Z. M.; Khramov, E.; Kruchonak, U.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lyubushkin, V.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Potrap, I. N.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Sapronov, A.; Shiyakova, M.; Soloshenko, A.; Turchikhin, S.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Yeletskikh, I.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zimine, N. I.] JINR Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Aoki, M.; Arai, Y.; Hanagaki, K.; Honda, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kondo, T.; Kono, T.; Makida, Y.; Nagai, R.; Nagano, K.; Nakamura, K.; Odaka, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, S.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Usui, J.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Chen, Y.; Hasegawa, M.; Kido, S.; Kurashige, H.; Maeda, J.; Ochi, A.; Shimizu, S.; Tanioka, R.; Yamazaki, Y.; Yuan, L.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Kunigo, T.; Monden, R.; Sumida, T.; Tashiro, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan. [Kawagoe, K.; Oda, S.; Otono, H.; Shirabe, S.; Tojo, J.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka, Japan. [Alconada Verzini, M. J.; Alonso, F.; Arduh, F. A.; Dova, M. T.; Hoya, J.; Monticelli, F.; Wahlberg, H.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Argentina. [Alconada Verzini, M. J.; Alonso, F.; Arduh, F. A.; Dova, M. T.; Hoya, J.; Monticelli, F.; Wahlberg, H.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Beattie, M. D.; Bertram, I. A.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Grimm, K.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Muenstermann, D.; Parker, A. J.; Skinner, M. B.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.; Wharton, A. M.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Aliev, M.; Bachas, K.; Chiodini, G.; Gorini, E.; Longo, L.; Primavera, M.; Reale, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Aliev, M.; Bachas, K.; Gorini, E.; Longo, L.; Reale, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Affolder, A. A.; Anders, J. K.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Lehan, A.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Readioff, N. P.; Vossebeld, J. H.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kanjir, L.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Muskinja, M.; Sfiligoj, T.; Sokhrannyi, G.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kanjir, L.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Muskinja, M.; Sfiligoj, T.; Sokhrannyi, G.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Armitage, L. J.; Bevan, A. J.; Bona, M.; Hays, J. M.; Hickling, R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lewis, D.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morris, J. D.; Nooney, T.; Piccaro, E.; Rizvi, E.; Sandbach, L.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Brooks, T.; Connelly, I. A.; Cowan, G.; Giannelli, M. Faucci; Gadomski, S.; George, S.; Gibson, S. M.; Kempster, J. J.; Kilby, C. R.; Vazquez, J. G. Panduro; Pastore, Fr.; Savage, G.; Sowden, B. C.; Spano, F.; Teixeira-Dias, P.; Thomas-Wilsker, J.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Egham, Surrey, England. [Bell, A. S.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Christodoulou, V.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, P.; Falla, R. J.; Freeborn, D.; Gregersen, K.; Grout, Z. J.; Ortiz, N. G. Gutierrez; Jiggins, S.; Konstantinidis, N.; Korn, A.; Kucuk, H.; Leney, K. J. C.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McClymont, L. I.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Nurse, E.; Richter, S.; Scanlon, T.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Wardrope, D. R.; Waugh, B. M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Greenwood, Z. D.; Grossi, G. C.; Jana, D. K.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Francavilla, P.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Solis, A. Lopez; Luzi, P. M.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Pandini, C. E.; Pires, S.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Varouchas, D.; Yap, Y. C.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Francavilla, P.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Solis, A. Lopez; Luzi, P. M.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Pandini, C. E.; Pires, S.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Varouchas, D.; Yap, Y. C.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Francavilla, P.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Solis, A. Lopez; Luzi, P. M.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Pandini, C. E.; Pires, S.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Varouchas, D.; Yap, Y. C.] CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Bryngemark, L.; Doglioni, C.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lytken, E.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.; Viazlo, O.] Lund Univ, Fys Inst, Lund, Sweden. [Barreiro, F.; Calvente Lopez, S.; Cueto, A.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Artz, S.; Becker, M.; Bertella, C.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Cuth, J.; Dudder, A. Chr.; Endner, O. C.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Torregrosa, E. Fullana; Geisen, M.; Groh, S.; Heck, T.; Jakobi, K. B.; Kaluza, A.; Karnevskiy, M.; Kleinknecht, K.; Kopke, L.; Lin, T. H.; Masetti, L.; Mattmann, J.; Meyer, C.; Moritz, S.; Pleskot, V.; Rave, S.; Reiss, A.; Schaeffer, J.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schmitz, S.; Schott, M.; Schuh, N.; Schulte, A.; Simioni, E.; Simon, M.; Tapprogge, S.; Urrejola, P.; Webb, S.; Yildirim, E.; Zimmermann, C.; Zinser, M.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Mainz, Germany. [Barnes, S. L.; Bielski, R.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Dann, N. S.; Forcolin, G. T.; Forti, A.; Ponce, J. M. Iturbe; Li, X.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marsden, S. P.; Masik, J.; Sanchez, F. J. Munoz; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Ospanov, R.; Pater, J. R.; Peters, R. F. Y.; Pilkington, A. D.; Pin, A. W. J.; Price, D.; Qin, Y.; Queitsch-Maitland, M.; Raine, J. A.; Schweiger, H.; Shaw, S. M.; Tomlinson, L.; Watts, S.; Wilk, F.; Woudstra, M. J.; Wyatt, T. R.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aad, G.; Alstaty, M.; Barbero, M.; Calandri, A.; Calvet, T. P.; Coadou, Y.; Diaconu, C.; Djama, F.; Ellajosyula, V.; Feligioni, L.; Hadef, A.; Hallewell, G. D.; Hubaut, F.; Kahn, S. J.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Liu, J.; Liu, K.; Madaffari, D.; Monnier, E.; Muanza, S.; Nagy, E.; Pralavorio, P.; Rodina, Y.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, R. E. Ticse; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.; Wang, C.; Zhang, R.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aad, G.; Alstaty, M.; Barbero, M.; Calandri, A.; Calvet, T. P.; Coadou, Y.; Diaconu, C.; Djama, F.; Ellajosyula, V.; Feligioni, L.; Hadef, A.; Hallewell, G. D.; Hubaut, F.; Kahn, S. J.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Liu, J.; Liu, K.; Madaffari, D.; Monnier, E.; Muanza, S.; Nagy, E.; Pralavorio, P.; Rodina, Y.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, R. E. Ticse; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.; Wang, C.; Zhang, R.] CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Bellomo, M.; Bernard, N. R.; Brau, B.; Dallapiccola, C.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pettersson, E.; Picazio, A.; Willocq, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Chuinard, A. J.; Corriveau, F.; Keyes, R. A.; Lefebvre, B.; Mantifel, R.; Prince, S.; Robertson, H.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Stockton, M. C.; Stoebe, M.; Vachon, B.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Wang, K.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Brennan, A. J.; Dawe, E.; Geng, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Guo, Y.; Jennens, D.; Kubota, T.; Le, B.; Li, B.; McDonald, E. F.; Milesi, M.; Nuti, F.; Rados, P.; Scutti, F.; Spiller, L. A.; Tan, K. G.; Taylor, G. N.; Taylor, P. T. E.; Ungaro, F. C.; Urquijo, P.; Volpi, M.; Zanzi, D.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Amidei, D.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Cheng, H. C.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Edgar, R. C.; Feng, H.; Ferretti, C.; Fleischmann, P.; Guan, L.; Levin, D.; Liu, H.; Lu, N.; Marley, D. E.; Mc Kee, S. P.; McCarn, A.; Neal, H. A.; Qian, J.; Schwarz, T. A.; Searcy, J.; Sekhon, K.; Wu, Y.; Yu, J. M.; Zhang, D.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Chegwidden, A.; De la Torre, H.; Fisher, W. C.; Halladjian, G.; Hauser, R.; Hayden, D.; Huston, J.; Martin, B.; Mondragon, M. C.; Plucinski, P.; Pope, B. G.; Schoenrock, B. D.; Schwienhorst, R.; Willis, C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Camplani, A.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Giugni, D.; Lari, T.; Lazzaroni, M.; Mandelli, L.; Manzoni, S.; Mazza, S. M.; Meroni, C.; Monzani, S.; Perini, L.; Ragusa, F.; Ratti, M. G.; Resconi, S.; Shojaii, S.; Stabile, A.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Perez, M. Villaplana] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Andreazza, A.; Camplani, A.; Carminati, L.; Fanti, M.; Lazzaroni, M.; Manzoni, S.; Mazza, S. M.; Monzani, S.; Perini, L.; Ragusa, F.; Ratti, M. G.; Shojaii, S.; Turra, R.; Perez, M. Villaplana] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Inst Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Hrynevich, A.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Arguin, J-F.; Azuelos, G.; Billoud, T. R. V.; Dallaire, F.; Ducu, O. A.; Gagnon, L. G.; Gauthier, L.; Leroy, C.; Mochizuki, K.; Nguyen Manh, T.; Rezvani, R.; Saadi, D. Shoaleh] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Zhukov, K.] Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Belyaev, N. L.; Bulekov, O.; Kantserov, V. A.; Krasnopevtsev, D.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E. Yu.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Timoshenko, S.; Vorobev, K.] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Maevskiy, A.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, DV Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Bender, M.; Biebel, O.; Bock, C.; Chow, B. K. B.; Duckeck, G.; Hartmann, N. M.; Heinrich, J. J.; Hertenberger, R.; Hoenig, F.; Legger, F.; Lorenz, J.; Losel, P. J.; Maier, T.; Mann, A.; Mehlhase, S.; Meineck, C.; Mitrevski, J.; Mueller, R. S. P.; Rauscher, F.; Ruschke, A.; Schachtner, M.; Schaile, D.; Unverdorben, C.; Valderanis, C.; Walker, R.; Wittkowski, J.] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Barillari, T.; Bethke, S.; Compostella, G.; Cortiana, G.; Ecker, K. M.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giuliani, C.; Ince, T.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Koehler, N. M.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kroha, H.; La Rosa, A.; Macchiolo, A.; Maier, A. A.; McCarthy, T. G.; Menke, S.; Mueller, F.; Nisius, R.; Nowak, S.; Oberlack, H.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Savic, N.; Schacht, P.; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, K. R.; Spettel, F.; Stonjek, S.; von der Schmitt, H.; Wildauer, A.] Werner Heisenberg Inst, Max Planck Inst Phys, Munich, Germany. [Fusayasu, T.; Shimojima, M.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Horii, Y.; Kawade, K.; Nakahama, Y.; Onogi, K.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.; Yamauchi, K.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Horii, Y.; Kawade, K.; Nakahama, Y.; Onogi, K.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.; Yamauchi, K.] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Carlino, G.; Cirotto, F.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; Doria, A.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Perrella, S.; Rossi, E.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Cirotto, F.; Merola, L.; Perrella, S.; Rossi, E.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Mc Fadden, N. C.; Seidel, S. C.; Taylor, A. C.; Toms, K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Caron, S.; Colasurdo, L.; Croft, V.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Galea, C.; Igonkina, O.; Konig, A. C.; Nektarijevic, S.; Schouwenberg, J. F. P.; Strubig, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Angelozzi, I.; Bedognetti, M.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berge, D.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Brenner, L.; Bruni, L. S.; Butti, P.; Castelijn, R.; Castelli, A.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; Deigaard, I.; Duda, D.; Ferrari, P.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Liem, S.; Mahlstedt, J.; Meyer, J.; Oussoren, K. P.; Sabato, G.; Salek, D.; Slawinska, M.; Valencic, N.; Van den Wollenberg, W.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; van der Graaf, H.; van Vulpen, I.; van Woerden, M. C.; Vankov, P.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vreeswijk, M.; Weits, H.; Williams, S.; Wolf, T. M. H.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Angelozzi, I.; Bedognetti, M.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berge, D.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Brenner, L.; Bruni, L. S.; Butti, P.; Castelijn, R.; Castelli, A.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; Deigaard, I.; Duda, D.; Ferrari, P.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Liem, S.; Mahlstedt, J.; Meyer, J.; Oussoren, K. P.; Sabato, G.; Salek, D.; Slawinska, M.; Valencic, N.; Van den Wollenberg, W.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; van der Graaf, H.; van Vulpen, I.; van Woerden, M. C.; Vankov, P.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Vreeswijk, M.; Weits, H.; Williams, S.; Wolf, T. M. H.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Adelman, J.; Brost, E.; Burghgrave, B.; Chakraborty, D.; Klimek, P.; Saha, P.] Northern Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Anisenkov, A. V.; Baldin, E. M.; Bobrovnikov, V. S.; Bogdanchikov, A. G.; Buzykaev, A. R.; Kazanin, V. F.; Kharlamov, A. G.; Kharlamova, T.; Korol, A. A.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Mincer, A. I.; Peleganchuk, V.; Rezanova, O. L.; Soukharev, A. M.; Talyshev, A. A.; Tikhonov, Yu. A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Becot, C.; Bernius, C.; Cranmer, K.; Haas, A.; Heinrich, L.; Kaplan, B.; Karthik, K.; Konoplich, R.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.] NYU, Dept Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Beacham, J. B.; Che, S.; Gan, K. K.; Gui, B.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Looper, K. A.; Penc, O.; Shrestha, S.; Strauss, M.; Tannenwald, B. B.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Alhroob, M.; Bertsche, D.; De Benedetti, A.; Gutierrez, P.; Hasib, A.; Norberg, S.; Pearson, B.; Rifki, O.; Severini, H.; Shope, D. R.; Skubic, P.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK USA. [Cantero, J.; Haley, J.; Jamin, D. O.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Sidorov, D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Chytka, L.; Hamal, P.; Hrabovsky, M.; Kvita, J.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Abreu, R.; Allen, B. W.; Brau, J. E.; Dattagupta, A.; Hopkins, W. H.; Majewski, S.; Potter, C. T.; Radloff, P.; Sinev, N. B.; Snyder, I. M.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.; Wanotayaroj, C.; Whalen, K.; Winklmeier, F.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Abeloos, B.; Ayoub, M. K.; Bassalat, A.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Delgove, D.; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Gkougkousis, E. L.; Goudet, C. R.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Hariri, F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Kado, M.; Lounis, A.; Maiani, C.; Makovec, N.; Morange, N.; Nellist, C.; Petroff, P.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Schaffer, S.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris Sud, LAL, CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Ishijima, N.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.; Teoh, J. J.; Yamaguchi, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, M. K.; Cameron, D.; Catmore, J. R.; Feigl, S.; Franconi, L.; Garonne, V.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Gramstad, E.; Morisbak, V.; Nilsen, J. K.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Pedersen, M.; Raddum, S.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Sandaker, H.; Serfon, C.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Artoni, G.; Backes, M.; Barr, A. J.; Becker, K.; Beresford, L.; Bortoletto, D.; Burr, J. T. P.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Ortuzar, M. Crispin; Fawcett, W. J.; Frost, J. A.; Gallas, E. J.; Giuli, F.; Gupta, S.; Gwenlan, C.; Hays, C. P.; Henderson, J.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Kalderon, C. W.; Nagai, K.; Nickerson, R. B.; Norjoharuddeen, N.; Petrov, M.; Pickering, M. A.; Radescu, V.; Sandoval, C.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Vigani, L.; Weidberg, A. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Dondero, P.; Farina, E. M.; Ferrari, R.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Introzzi, G.; Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, A.; Lanza, A.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Dondero, P.; Farina, E. M.; Fraternali, M.; Introzzi, G.; Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, A.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, Pavia, Italy. [Haney, B.; Hines, E.; Jackson, B.; Lipeles, E.; Meyer, C.; Thomson, E.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Basalaev, A.; Ezhilov, A.; Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Levchenko, M.; Maleev, V. P.; Naryshkin, I.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Solovyev, V.] BP Konstantinov Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Kurchatov Inst, Natl Res Ctr, St Petersburg, Russia. [Annovi, A.; Bertolucci, F.; Biesuz, N. V.; Cavasinni, V.; Chiarelli, G.; Del Prete, T.; Dell'Orso, M.; Donati, S.; Giannetti, P.; Leone, S.; Roda, C.; Scuri, F.; Sotiropoulou, C. L.; Spalla, M.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Annovi, A.; Bertolucci, F.; Biesuz, N. V.; Cavasinni, V.; Chiarelli, G.; Del Prete, T.; Dell'Orso, M.; Donati, S.; Giannetti, P.; Leone, S.; Roda, C.; Scuri, F.; Sotiropoulou, C. L.; Spalla, M.; Volpi, G.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bianchi, R. M.; Boudreau, J.; Escobar, C.; Farina, C.; Hong, T. M.; Mueller, J.; Sapp, K.; Su, J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Dos Santos, S. P. Amor; Amorim, A.; Araque, J. P.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Muino, P. Conde; De Sousa, M. J. Da Cunha Sargedas; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Gomes, A.; Goncalo, R.; Jorge, P. M.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Seabra, L. F. Oleiro; Onofre, A.; Pedro, R.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, G.; Silva, J.; Delgado, A. Tavares; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Muino, P. Conde; De Sousa, M. J. Da Cunha Sargedas; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Miguens, J. Machado; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Pedro, R.; Silva, J.; Delgado, A. Tavares] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Dos Santos, S. P. Amor; Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Saraiva, G.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Nucl, Lisbon, Portugal. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. Univ Nova Lisboa, Dep Fis, Caparica, Portugal. Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias Tecnol, CEFITEC, Caparica, Portugal. [Chudoba, J.; Havranek, M.; Hejbal, J.; Jakoubek, T.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lokajicek, M.; Lysak, R.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Nemecek, S.; Penc, O.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ali, B.; Augsten, K.; Caforio, D.; Gallus, P.; Hubacek, Z.; Myska, M.; Pospisil, S.; Seifert, F.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Solar, M.; Sopczak, A.; Sopko, V.; Suk, M.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.; Vykydal, Z.; Zeman, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. [Berta, P.; Carli, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Kosek, T.; Leitner, R.; Mlynarikova, M.; Reznicek, P.; Scheirich, D.; Slovak, R.; Spousta, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Borisov, A.; Cheremushkina, E.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Golubkov, D.; Kamenshchikov, A.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kozhin, A. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Ryzhov, A.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.] NRC KI, State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys Protvino, Moscow, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Burke, S.; Dewhurst, A.; Dopke, J.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Martin-Haugh, S.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Sawyer, C.; Tyndel, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.; Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Anulli, F.; Bagiacchi, P.; Bagnaia, P.; Bauce, M.; Bini, C.; Ciapetti, G.; Corradi, M.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; Di Donato, C.; Falciano, S.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Gustavino, G.; Kuna, M.; Lacava, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Messina, A.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Vanadia, M.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Verducci, M.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Bagiacchi, P.; Bagnaia, P.; Bauce, M.; Bini, C.; Ciapetti, G.; Corradi, M.; Di Donato, C.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Gustavino, G.; Kuna, M.; Lacava, F.; Luci, C.; Messina, A.; Vanadia, M.; Verducci, M.; Zanello, L.] Sapienza Univ Roma, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cerrito, L.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Liberti, B.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cerrito, L.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Ceradini, F.; Di Micco, B.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Orestano, D.; Petrucci, F.; Puddu, D.; Salamanna, G.; Sessa, M.; Stanescu, C.; Taccini, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Ceradini, F.; Di Micco, B.; Orestano, D.; Petrucci, F.; Puddu, D.; Salamanna, G.; Sessa, M.; Taccini, C.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA Marrakech, Fac Sci Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco. [Aaboud, M.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Aaboud, M.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui; Ezzi, M.; Fassi, F.; Haddad, N.; Idrissi, Z.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohammed 5, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Balli, F.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Hoffmann, M. Dano; Deliot, F.; Denysiuk, D.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Giraud, P. F.; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Guyot, C.; Hanna, R.; Hassani, S.; Jeanneau, F.; Kivernyk, O.; Kozanecki, W.; Kukla, R.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Le Quilleuc, E. P.; Lesage, A. A. J.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Rodriguez, L. Pacheco; Perego, M. M.; Peyaud, A.; Saimpert, M.; Schoeffel, L.; Schune, Ph.; Schwemling, Ph.; Schwindling, J.] CEA Saclay, Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat, Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, DSM IRFU, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Battaglia, M.; Debenedetti, C.; Grillo, A. A.; Hance, M.; Kuhl, A.; Law, A. T.; Litke, A. M.; Nielsen, J.; Reece, R.; Rose, P.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schier, S.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Alpigiani, C.; Blackburn, D.; Goussiou, G.; Hsu, S. -C.; Johnson, W. J.; Lubatti, H. J.; Meehan, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rosten, R.; Rothberg, J.; Russell, H. L.; De Bruin, P. H. Sales; Pastor, E. Torro; Watts, G.; Whallon, N. L.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Du, Y.; Feng, C.; Ma, L. L.; Ma, Y.; Wang, C.; Zhang, X.; Zhao, Y.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Bret, M. Cano; Guo, J.; Hu, S.; Li, L.; Yang, H.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Bret, M. Cano; Guo, J.; Hu, S.; Li, L.; Yang, H.] PKU CHEP, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Anastopoulos, C.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Fletcher, G. T.; Hamity, G. N.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Klinger, J. A.; Kondrashova, N.; Kyriazopoulos, D.; Paredes, B. Lopez; Macdonald, C. M.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Parker, K. A.; Tovey, D. R.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Atlay, N. B.; Buchholz, P.; Campoverde, A.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Ghasemi, S.; Ibragimov, I.; Li, Y.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, Siegen, Germany. [Buat, Q.; Horton, A. J.; Mori, D.; O'Neil, D. C.; Pachal, K.; Stelzer, B.; Temple, D.; Torres, H.; Van Nieuwkoop, J.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC, Canada. [Armbruster, A. J.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Black, J. E.; Gao, Y. S.; Garelli, N.; Grenier, P.; Ilic, N.; Kagan, M.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Malone, C.; Moss, J.; Mount, R.; Nachman, B. P.; Piacquadio, G.; Rubbo, F.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Su, D.; Tompkins, L.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.; Zeng, Q.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Astalos, R.; Bartos, P.; Blazek, T.; Dado, T.; Melo, M.; Plazak, L.; Smiesko, J.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Bruncko, D.; Kladiva, E.; Strizenec, P.; Urban, J.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice, Slovakia. [Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Hamilton, A.; Yacoob, S.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, Cape Town, South Africa. [Connell, S. H.; Govender, N.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Jivan, H.; Kar, D.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Reed, G.; Ruan, X.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Abulaiti, Y.; Akerstedt, H.; Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bertoli, G.; Bylund, O. Bessidskaia; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Cribbs, W. A.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Jon-And, K.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Molander, S.; Pani, P.; Poettgen, R.; Rossetti, V.; Shaikh, N. W.; Shcherbakova, A.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Ughetto, M.; Santurio, E. Valdes; Wallangen, V.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Stockholm, Sweden. [Abulaiti, Y.; Akerstedt, H.; Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bertoli, G.; Bylund, O. Bessidskaia; Clement, C.; Cribbs, W. A.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Jon-And, K.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Molander, S.; Pani, P.; Poettgen, R.; Rossetti, V.; Shaikh, N. W.; Shcherbakova, A.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Ughetto, M.; Santurio, E. Valdes; Wallangen, V.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Kastanas, A.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Sidebo, P. E.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Stockholm, Sweden. [Balestri, T.; Bee, C. P.; Chen, K.; Hobbs, J.; Huo, P.; Jia, J.; Li, H.; Lindquist, B. E.; McCarthy, R. L.; Montalbano, A.; Morvaj, L.; Piacquadio, G.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Tsybychev, D.; Zaman, A.; Zhou, M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Balestri, T.; Bee, C. P.; Chen, K.; Hobbs, J.; Huo, P.; Jia, J.; Li, H.; Lindquist, B. E.; McCarthy, R. L.; Montalbano, A.; Morvaj, L.; Piacquadio, G.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Tsybychev, D.; Zaman, A.; Zhou, M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Abraham, N. L.; Allbrooke, B. M. M.; Asquith, L.; Cerri, A.; Barajas, A. Chavez; De Sanctis, U.; De Santo, A.; Lerner, G.; Miano, F.; Salvatore, F.; Castillo, I. Santoyo; Shehu, C. Y.; Suruliz, K.; Sutton, M. R.; Vivarelli, I.; Winston, O. J.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Black, C. W.; Finelli, K. D.; Jeng, G. -Y.; Limosani, A.; Morley, A. K.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Wang, J.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Hou, S.; Hsu, P. J.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, B.; Liu, D.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Mazini, R.; Shi, L.; Soh, D. A.; Song, H. Y.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, G.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Abreu, H.; Gabizon, O.; Gozani, E.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; van Eldik, N.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Ashkenazi, A.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Davies, M.; Duarte-Campderros, J.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Gueta, O.; Oren, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, Tel Aviv, Israel. [Gentsos, C.; Gkaitatzis, S.; Gkialas, I.; Iliadis, D.; Kimura, N.; Kordas, K.; Leisos, A.; Maznas, I.; Papageorgiou, K.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Adachi, S.; Asai, S.; Chen, S.; Enari, Y.; Hanawa, K.; Ishino, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kato, C.; Kawamoto, T.; Kishimoto, T.; Kobayashi, A.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Kozakai, C.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Minami, Y.; Minegishi, Y.; Mori, T.; Morinaga, M.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Nobe, T.; Okumura, Y.; Saito, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamanaka, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Adachi, S.; Asai, S.; Chen, S.; Enari, Y.; Hanawa, K.; Ishino, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kato, C.; Kawamoto, T.; Kishimoto, T.; Kobayashi, A.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Kozakai, C.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Minami, Y.; Minegishi, Y.; Mori, T.; Morinaga, M.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Nobe, T.; Okumura, Y.; Saito, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamanaka, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Hayakawa, D.; Ishitsuka, M.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kobayashi, D.; Kuze, M.; Motohashi, K.; Tanaka, M.; Todome, K.; Yamaguchi, D.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Chelkov, G. A.; Vaniachine, A.] Tomsk State Univ, Tomsk, Russia. [Batista, S. J.; Chau, C. C.; Cormier, K. J. R.; DeMarco, D. A.; Di Sipio, R.; Diamond, M.; Keoshkerian, H.; Krieger, P.; Liblong, A.; Mc Goldrick, G.; Orr, R. S.; Pascuzzi, R.; Polifka, R.; Rudolph, M. S.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Taenzer, J.; Teuscher, R. J.; Trischuk, W.; Veloce, L. M.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Iuppa, R.] INFN TIFPA, Trento, Italy. [Iuppa, R.] Univ Trento, Trento, Italy. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Gingrich, D. M.; Jovicevic, J.; Oakham, F. G.; Codina, E. Perez; Savard, P.; Schneider, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Ramos, J. Manjarres; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Hagihara, M.; Hara, K.; Ito, F.; Kasahara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kiuchi, K.; Nagata, K.; Okawa, H.; Sato, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Hagihara, M.; Hara, K.; Ito, F.; Kasahara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kiuchi, K.; Nagata, K.; Okawa, H.; Sato, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Integrated Res Fundamental Sci & Engn, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Meoni, E.; Sliwa, K.; Son, H.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Casper, D. W.; Colombo, T.; Frate, M.; Guest, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Mete, A. S.; Nelson, A.; Ntekas, K.; Scannicchio, A.; Schernau, M.; Shimmin, C. O.; Taffard, A.; Unel, G.; Whiteson, D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Boldyrev, A. S.; Cheatham, S.; Cobal, M.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Quayle, W. B.; Serkin, L.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.; Truong, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, Sez Trieste, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.; Quayle, W. B.; Serkin, L.; Shaw, K.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Boldyrev, A. S.; Cheatham, S.; Cobal, M.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Soualah, R.; Truong, L.] Univ Udine, Fis & Ambiente, Dipartimento Chim, Udine, Italy. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Brenner, R.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Maddocks, H. J.; Ohman, H.; Rangel-Smith, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Atkinson, M.; Armadans, R. Caminal; Cavaliere, V.; Chang, P.; Errede, S.; Hooberman, B. H.; Khader, M.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; Liu, L.; Long, J. D.; Outschoorn, V. I. Martinez; Neubauer, M. S.; Rybar, M.; Shang, R.; Sickles, A. M.; Vichou, I.; Zeng, J. C.; Zhang, M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M. J.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Pena, J. Jimenez; King, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Melini, D.; Mitsou, V. A.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Valero, A.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M. J.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Pena, J. Jimenez; King, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Melini, D.; Mitsou, V. A.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Valero, A.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M. J.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Pena, J. Jimenez; King, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Melini, D.; Mitsou, V. A.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Valero, A.; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M. J.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; de la Hoz, S. 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RI Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013 OI Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW, Austria; FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, Israel; I-CORE, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia; NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America; BCKDF, Canada; Canada Council, Canada; CANARIE, Canada; CRC, Canada; Compute Canada, Canada; FQRNT, Canada; Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, European Union; ERC, European Union; FP7, European Union; Horizon, European Union; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissement d'Avenir Labex, France; Investissement d'Avenir Idex, France; ANR, France; Region Auvergne, France; Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos programme - EU-ESF; Thales programme - EU-ESF; Aristeia programme - EU-ESF; Greek NSRF; BSF, Israel; GIF, Israel; Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD SEP 30 PY 2016 IS 9 AR 175 DI 10.1007/JHEP09(2016)175 PG 44 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA EH4IL UT WOS:000391734800001 ER PT J AU Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, A Tumasyan, A Adam, W Asilar, E Bergauer, T Brandstetter, J Brondolin, E Dragicevic, M Ero, J Flechl, M Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, V Hartl, C Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Knunz, V Konig, A Krammer, M Kratschmer, I Liko, D Matsushita, T Mikulec, I Rabady, D Rad, N Rahbaran, B Rohringer, H Schieck, J Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Treberer-Treberspurg, W Waltenberger, W Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Alderweireldt, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Knutsson, A Lauwers, J Luyckx, S Van De Klundert, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Abu Zeid, S Blekman, F D'Hondt, J Daci, N De Bruyn, I Deroover, K Heracleous, N Keaveney, J Lowette, S Moreels, L Olbrechts, A Python, Q Strom, D Tavernier, S Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Van Parijs, I Barria, P Brun, H 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of dijet azimuthal decorrelation in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article AB A measurement of the decorrelation of azimuthal angles between the two jets with the largest transverse momenta is presented for seven regions of leading jet transverse momentum up to 2.2. The analysis is based on the proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7. The dijet azimuthal decorrelation is caused by the radiation of additional jets and probes the dynamics of multijet production. The results are compared to fixed-order predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and to simulations using Monte Carlo event generators that include parton showers, hadronization, and multiparton interactions. Event generators with only two outgoing high transverse momentum partons fail to describe the measurement, even when supplemented with next-to-leading-order QCD corrections and parton showers. Much better agreement is achieved when at least three outgoing partons are complemented through either next-to-leading-order predictions or parton showers. This observation emphasizes the need to improve predictions for multijet production. C1 [Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Asilar, E.; Bergauer, T.; Brandstetter, J.; Brondolin, E.; Dragicevic, M.; Ero, J.; Flechl, M.; Friedl, M.; Fruhwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hartl, C.; Hormann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Knunz, V.; Konig, A.; Krammer, M.; Kratschmer, I.; Liko, D.; Matsushita, T.; Mikulec, I.; Rabady, D.; Rad, N.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, H.; Schieck, J.; Schofbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Treberer-Treberspurg, W.; Waltenberger, W.; Wulz, C. E.] OeAW, Inst Hochenergiephys, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Alderweireldt, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Knutsson, A.; Lauwers, J.; Luyckx, S.; Van De Klundert, M.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [Abu Zeid, S.; Blekman, F.; D'Hondt, J.; Daci, N.; De Bruyn, I.; Deroover, K.; Heracleous, N.; Keaveney, J.; Lowette, S.; Moreels, L.; Olbrechts, A.; Python, Q.; Strom, D.; Tavernier, S.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Van Parijs, I.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [Barria, P.; Brun, H.; Caillol, C.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Fasanella, G.; Favart, L.; Goldouzian, R.; Grebenyuk, A.; Karapostoli, G.; Lenzi, T.; Leonard, A.; Maerschalk, T.; Marinov, A.; Pernie, L.; Randle-conde, A.; Seva, T.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Yonamine, R.; Zenoni, F.; Zhang, F.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Beernaert, K.; Benucci, L.; Cimmino, A.; Crucy, S.; Dobur, D.; Fagot, A.; Garcia, G.; Gul, M.; Mccartin, J.; Rios, A. A. Ocampo; Poyraz, D.; Ryckbosch, D.; Salva, S.; Sigamani, M.; Tytgat, M.; Van Driessche, W.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.] Univ Ghent, Ghent, Belgium. [Basegmez, S.; Beluffi, C.; Bondu, O.; Brochet, S.; Bruno, G.; Caudron, A.; Ceard, L.; Delaere, C.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Jafari, A.; Jez, P.; Komm, M.; Lemaitre, V.; Mertens, A.; Musich, M.; Nuttens, C.; Perrini, L.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Popov, A.; Quertenmont, L.; Selvaggi, M.; Marono, M. Vidal] Catholic Univ Louvain, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium. [Beliy, N.; Hammad, G. H.] Univ Mons, Mons, Belgium. [Alda Junior, W. L.; Alves, F. L.; Alves, G. A.; Brito, L.; Martins Junior, M. Correa; Hamer, M.; Hensel, C.; Moraes, A.; Pol, M. E.; Rebello Teles, P.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Batista Das Chagas, E. Belchior; Carvalho, W.; Chinellato, J.; Custodio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; De Jesus Damiao, D.; De Oliveira Martins, C.; Fonseca De Souza, S.; Huertas Guativa, L. M.; Malbouisson, H.; Matos Figueiredo, D.; Mora Herrera, C.; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Da Silva, W. L. Prado; Santoro, A.; Sznajder, A.; Tonelli Manganote, E. J.; Vilela Pereira, A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Ahuja, S.; Dogra, S.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R.; Moon, C. S.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.; Romero Abad, D.; Ruiz Vargas, J. C.] Univ Estadual Paulista, So Paulo, Brazil. [Aleksandrov, A.; Hadjiiska, R.; Iaydjiev, P.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Vutova, M.] Inst Nucl Energy Res, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dimitrov, A.; Glushkov, I.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Ahmad, M.; Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Du, R.; Jiang, C. H.; Leggat, D.; Plestina, R.; Romeo, F.; Shaheen, S. M.; Spiezia, A.; Tao, J.; Wang, C.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, H.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Li, Q.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Wang, D.; Xu, Z.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Avila, C.; Cabrera, A.; Sierra, L. F. Chaparro; Florez, C.; Gomez, J. P.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Puljak, I.; Ribeiro Cipriano, P. M.] Univ Split, Fac Elect Engn Mech Engn & Naval Architecture, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Fac Sci, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Micanovic, S.; Sudic, L.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.; Rykaczewski, H.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Bodlak, M.; Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [El-khateeb, E.; Elkafrawy, T.; Mohamed, A.; Salama, E.] Egyptian Network High Energy Phys Cairo, Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Calpas, B.; Kadastik, M.; Murumaa, M.; Raidal, M.; Tiko, A.; Veelken, C.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Eerola, P.; Pekkanen, J.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Harkonen, J.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Peltola, T.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Talvitie, J.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Besancon, M.; Couderc, F.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Favaro, C.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Machet, M.; Malcles, J.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Titov, M.; Zghiche, A.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Antropov, I.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Busson, P.; Cadamuro, L.; Chapon, E.; Charlot, C.; Davignon, O.; Filipovic, N.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Jo, M.; Lisniak, S.; Mastrolorenzo, L.; Mine, P.; Naranjo, I. N.; Nguyen, M.; Ochando, C.; Ortona, G.; Paganini, P.; Pigard, P.; Regnard, S.; Salerno, R.; Sauvan, J. B.; Sirois, Y.; Strebler, T.; Yilmaz, Y.; Zabi, A.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3 CNRS, Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Aubin, A.; Bloch, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Buttignol, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Chanon, N.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Coubez, X.; Fontaine, J. C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Goetzmann, C.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Merlin, J. A.; Skovpen, K.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Gadrat, S.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules CNRS IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Beauceron, S.; Bernet, C.; Boudoul, G.; Bouvier, E.; Carrillo Montoya, C. A.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Courbon, B.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Fan, J.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Lagarde, F.; Laktineh, I. B.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Pequegnot, A. L.; Perries, S.; Alvarez, J. D. Ruiz; Sabes, D.; Sgandurra, L.; Sordini, V.; Vander Donckt, M.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Toriashvili, T.] Georgian Tech Univ, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Bagaturia, I.] Tbilisi State Univ, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Autermann, C.; Beranek, S.; Feld, L.; Heister, A.; Kiesel, M. K.; Klein, K.; Lipinski, M.; Ostapchuk, A.; Preuten, M.; Raupach, F.; Schael, S.; Schulte, J. F.; Verlage, T.; Weber, H.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Brodski, M.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Duchardt, D.; Endres, M.; Erdmann, M.; Erdweg, S.; Esch, T.; Fischer, R.; Guth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Knutzen, S.; Kreuzer, P.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Millet, P.; Mukherjee, S.; Olschewski, M.; Padeken, K.; Papacz, P.; Pook, T.; Radziej, M.; Reithler, H.; Rieger, M.; Scheuch, F.; Sonnenschein, L.; Teyssier, D.; Thuer, S.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, Aachen, Germany. [Cherepanov, V.; Erdogan, Y.; Flugge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kunsken, A.; Lingemann, J.; Nehrkorn, A.; Nowack, A.; Nugent, I. M.; Pistone, C.; Pooth, O.; Stahl, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Asin, I.; Bartosik, N.; Behnke, O.; Behrens, U.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Campbell, A.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Costanza, F.; Pardos, C. Diez; Dolinska, G.; Dooling, S.; Dorland, T.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Eichhorn, T.; Flucke, G.; Gallo, E.; Garcia, J. Garay; Geiser, A.; Gizhko, A.; Gunnellini, P.; Hauk, J.; Hempel, M.; Jung, H.; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Karacheban, O.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kieseler, J.; Kleinwort, C.; Korol, I.; Lange, W.; Leonard, J.; Lipka, K.; Lobanov, A.; Lohmann, W.; Mankel, R.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mittag, G.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Nayak, A.; Ntomari, E.; Perrey, H.; Pitzl, D.; Placakyte, R.; Raspereza, A.; Roland, B.; Sahin, M. O-.; Saxena, P.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Seitz, C.; Spannagel, S.; Stefaniuk, N.; Trippkewitz, K. D.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Blobel, V.; Vignali, M. Centis; Draeger, A. R.; Erfle, J.; Garutti, E.; Goebel, K.; Gonzalez, D.; Gorner, M.; Haller, J.; Hoffmann, M.; Hoing, R. S.; Junkes, A.; Klanner, R.; Kogler, R.; Kovalchuk, N.; Lapsien, T.; Lenz, T.; Marchesini, I.; Marconi, D.; Meyer, M.; Nowatschin, D.; Ott, J.; Pantaleo, F.; Peiffer, T.; Perieanu, A.; Pietsch, N.; Poehlsen, J.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Scharf, C.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schumann, S.; Schwandt, J.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Steinbruck, G.; Stober, F. M.; Tholen, H.; Troendle, D.; Usai, E.; Vanelderen, L.; Vanhoefer, A.; Vormwald, B.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Baus, C.; Berger, J.; Boser, C.; Butz, E.; Chwalek, T.; Colombo, F.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Fink, S.; Frensch, F.; Friese, R.; Giffels, M.; Gilbert, A.; Haitz, D.; Hartmann, F.; Heindl, S. M.; Husemann, U.; Katkov, I.; Kornmayer, A.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Maier, B.; Mildner, H.; Mozer, M. U.; Muller, T.; Muller, Th.; Plagge, M.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Rocker, S.; Roscher, F.; Schroder, M.; Sieber, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weber, M.; Weiler, T.; Williamson, S.; Wohrmann, C.; Wolf, R.] Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Anagnostou, G.; Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Giakoumopoulou, V. A.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Psallidas, A.; Topsis-Giotis, I.] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys INPP, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Agapitos, A.; Kesisoglou, S.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Tziaferi, E.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Flouris, G.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Loukas, N.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Paradas, E.; Strologas, J.] Univ Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hazi, A.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.; Zsigmond, A. J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Karancsi, J.; Molnar, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Bartok, M.; Makovec, A.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. [Choudhury, S.; Mal, P.; Mandal, K.; Sahoo, D. K.; Sahoo, N.; Swain, S. K.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. [Bansal, S.; Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Chawla, R.; Gupta, R.; Bhawandeep, U.; Kalsi, A. K.; Kaur, A.; Kaur, M.; Kumar, R.; Mehta, A.; Mittal, M.; Singh, J. B.; Walia, G.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Garg, R. B.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Nishu, N.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, R.; Sharma, V.] Univ Delhi, Delhi, India. [Bhattacharya, S.; Chatterjee, K.; Dey, S.; Dutta, S.; Majumdar, N.; Modak, A.; Mondal, K.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Roy, A.; Roy, D.; Chowdhury, S. Roy; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Chudasama, R.; Dutta, D.; Jha, V.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.; Topkar, A.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Banerjee, S.; Bhowmik, S.; Chatterjee, R. M.; Dewanjee, R. K.; Dugad, S.; Ganguly, S.; Ghosh, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Jain, Sa.; Kole, G.; Kumar, S.; Mahakud, B.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mitra, S.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sarkar, T.; Sur, N.; Sutar, B.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Chauhan, S.; Dube, S.; Kapoor, A.; Kothekar, K.; Sharma, S.] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res IISER, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Bakhshiansohi, H.; Behnamian, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi Najafabadi, M.; Naseri, M.; Paktinat Mehdiabadi, S.; Rezaei Hosseinabadi, F.; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Felcini, M.; Grunewald, M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. [Abbrescia, M.; Calabria, C.; Caputo, C.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; Cristella, L.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Miniello, G.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Radogna, R.; Ranieri, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Venditti, R.] Univ Bari, Politecn Bari, INFN Sez Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Battilana, C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Campanini, R.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Chhibra, S. S.; Codispoti, G.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Guiducci, L.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Perrotta, A.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Tosi, N.] Univ Bologna, INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Di Mattia, A.; Giordano, F.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, INFN Sez Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Gori, V.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Viliani, L.] Univ Firenze, INFN Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.; Primavera, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Calvelli, V.; Ferro, F.; Lo Vetere, M.; Monge, M. R.; Robutti, E.; Tosi, S.] Univ Genoa, INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Brianza, L.; Dinardo, M. E.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Gerosa, R.; Ghezzi, A.; Govoni, P.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Marzocchi, B.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Cavallo, N.; Di Guida, S.; Esposito, M.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lanza, G.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.; Sciacca, C.; Thyssen, F.] Univ Naples Federico II, INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Benato, L.; Bisello, D.; Boletti, A.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dall'Osso, M.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Passaseo, M.; Pazzini, J.; Pegoraro, M.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Zanetti, M.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.] Univ Padua, INFN Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Braghieri, A.; Magnani, A.; Montagna, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Re, V.; Riccardi, C.; Salvini, P.; Vai, I.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Solestizi, L. Alunni; Bilei, G. M.; Ciangottini, D.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.] Univ Perugia, INFN Sez Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [Androsov, K.; Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Castaldi, R.; Ciocci, M. A.; Dell'Orso, R.; Donato, S.; Fedi, G.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Grippo, M. T.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Savoy-Navarro, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Univ Pisa, INFN Sez Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; D'imperio, G.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Gelli, S.; Jorda, C.; Longo, E.; Margaroli, F.; Meridiani, P.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Preiato, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.; Santanastasio, F.; Traczyk, P.] Univ Roma, INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Bellan, R.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Costa, M.; Covarelli, R.; Degano, A.; Demaria, N.; Finco, L.; Kiani, B.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Monteil, E.; Obertino, M. M.; Pacher, L.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Angioni, G. L. Pinna; Ravera, F.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.] Univ Torino, INFN Sez Torino, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Casarsa, M.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; La Licata, C.; Marone, M.; Schizzi, A.; Zanetti, A.] Univ Trieste, INFN Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Kropivnitskaya, A.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, M. S.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, S.; Oh, Y. D.; Sakharov, A.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Daegu, South Korea. [Cifuentes, J. A. Brochero; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Jeonju, South Korea. [Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Cho, S.; Choi, S.; Go, Y.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Kim, H.; Kim, Y.; Lee, B.; Lee, K.; Lee, K. S.; Lee, S.; Lim, J.; Park, S. K.; Roh, Y.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Yoo, H. D.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Lee, J. S. H.; Park, I. C.; Ryu, G.; Ryu, M. S.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, Y.; Goh, J.; Kim, D.; Kwon, E.; Lee, J.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Dudenas, V.; Juodagalvis, A.; Vaitkus, J.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Ahmed, I.; Ibrahim, Z. A.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Ali, M. A. B. Md; Idris, F. Mohamad; Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan; Yusli, M. N.; Zolkapli, Z.] Univ Malaya, Natl Ctr Particle Phys, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Linares, E. Casimiro; Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-De La Cruz, I.; Hernandez-Almada, A.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.] IPN, Ctr Invest Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Pedraza, I.; Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Morelos Pineda, A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. [Butler, P. H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Ahmad, A.; Ahmad, M.; Hassan, Q.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bialkowska, H.; Bluj, M.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Byszuk, A.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Misiura, M.; Olszewski, M.; Walczak, M.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bargassa, P.; Da Cruz Silva, C. Beirao; Di Francesco, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Hollar, J.; Leonardo, N.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Nguyen, F.; Rodrigues Antunes, J.; Seixas, J.; Toldaiev, O.; Vadruccio, D.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Matveev, V.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Shulha, S.; Skatchkov, N.; Smirnov, V.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Kuznetsova, E.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Karneyeu, A.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.] Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Pozdnyakov, I.; Safronov, G.; Spiridonov, A.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bylinkin, A.; Chadeeva, M.; Chistov, R.; Danilov, M.; Rusinov, V.] Natl Res Nucl Univ, Moscow Engn Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Baskakov, A.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Miagkov, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Petrushanko, S.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Kachanov, V.; Kalinin, A.; Konstantinov, D.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Cirkovic, P.; Milosevic, J.; Rekovic, V.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Del Valle, A. Escalante; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Navarro De Martino, E.; Perez-Calero Yzquierdo, A.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.] CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; de Troconiz, J. F.; Missiroli, M.; Moran, D.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Palencia Cortezon, E.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Castineiras De Saa, J. R.; De Castro Manzano, P.; Fernandez, M.; Garcia-Ferrero, J.; Gomez, G.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Trevisani, N.; Vila, I.; Cortabitarte, R. Vilar] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Bachtis, M.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benaglia, A.; Bendavid, J.; Benhabib, L.; Berruti, G. M.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Castello, R.; Cerminara, G.; D'Alfonso, M.; d'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; Daponte, V.; David, A.; De Gruttola, M.; De Guio, F.; De Roeck, A.; De Visscher, S.; Di Marco, E.; Dobson, M.; Dordevic, M.; Dorney, B.; du Pree, T.; Duggan, D.; Dunser, M.; Dupont, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Franzoni, G.; Fulcher, J.; Funk, W.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Girone, M.; Glege, F.; Guida, R.; Gundacker, S.; Guthoff, M.; Hammer, J.; Harris, P.; Hegeman, J.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kirschenmann, H.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Kousouris, K.; Krajczar, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lucchini, M. T.; Magini, N.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Martelli, A.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moortgat, F.; Morovic, S.; Mulders, M.; Nemallapudi, M. V.; Neugebauer, H.; Orfanelli, S.; Orsini, L.; Pape, L.; Perez, E.; Peruzzi, M.; Petrilli, A.; Petrucciani, G.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Piparo, D.; Racz, A.; Reis, T.; Rolandi, G.; Rovere, M.; Ruan, M.; Sakulin, H.; Schafer, C.; Schwick, C.; Seidel, M.; Sharma, A.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Steggemann, J.; Stieger, B.; Stoye, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Treille, D.; Triossi, A.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Wardle, N.; Wohri, H. K.; Zagozdzinska, A.; Zeuner, W. D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Rohe, T.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Bachmair, F.; Bani, L.; Bianchini, L.; Casal, B.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Eller, P.; Grab, C.; Heidegger, C.; Hits, D.; Hoss, J.; Kasieczka, G.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Mangano, B.; Marionneau, M.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Masciovecchio, M.; Meinhard, M. T.; Meister, D.; Micheli, F.; Musella, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pata, J.; Pauss, F.; Perrozzi, L.; Quittnat, M.; Rossini, M.; Schonenberger, M.; Starodumov, A.; Takahashi, M.; Tavolaro, V. R.; Theofilatos, K.; Wallny, R.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aarrestad, T. K.; Amsler, C.; Caminada, L.; Canelli, M. F.; Chiochia, V.; De Cosa, A.; Galloni, C.; Hinzmann, A.; Hreus, T.; Kilminster, B.; Lange, C.; Ngadiuba, J.; Pinna, D.; Rauco, G.; Robmann, P.; Salerno, D.; Yang, Y.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Cardaci, M.; Chen, K. H.; Doan, T. H.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Konyushikhin, M.; Kuo, C. M.; Lin, W.; Lu, Y. J.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Kumar, Arun; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Chen, P. H.; Dietz, C.; Fiori, F.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Lu, R. -S.; Moya, M. Minano; Petrakou, E.; Tsai, J. F.; Tzeng, Y. M.] Natl Taiwan Univ NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Asavapibhop, B.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Singh, G.; Srimanobhas, N.; Suwonjandee, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. [Adiguzel, A.; Cerci, S.; Damarseckin, S.; Demiroglu, Z. S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Gecit, F. H.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Guler, Y.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozcan, M.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Zorbilmez, C.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Isildak, B.; Karapinar, G.; Yalvac, M.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Yetkin, E. A.; Yetkin, T.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cakir, A.; Cankocak, K.; Sen, S.; Vardarli, F. I.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Grynyov, B.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Scintillat Mat, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Levchuk, L.; Sorokin, P.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Aggleton, R.; Ball, F.; Beck, L.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Jacob, J.; Kreczko, L.; Lucas, C.; Meng, Z.; Newbold, D. M.; Paramesvaran, S.; Poll, A.; Sakuma, T.; El Nasr-storey, S. Seif; Senkin, S.; Smith, D.; Smith, V. J.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Calligaris, L.; Cieri, D.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Thea, A.; Tomalin, I. R.; Williams, T.; Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Baber, M.; Bainbridge, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Bundock, A.; Burton, D.; Casasso, S.; Citron, M.; Colling, D.; Corpe, L.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; De Wit, A.; Della Negra, M.; Dunne, P.; Elwood, A.; Futyan, D.; Hall, G.; Iles, G.; Lane, R.; Lucas, R.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Malik, S.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Richards, A.; Rose, A.; Seez, C.; Tapper, A.; Uchida, K.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Zenz, S. C.] Imperial Coll, London, England. [Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge, Middx, England. [Borzou, A.; Call, K.; Dittmann, J.; Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Pastika, N.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Cooper, S. I.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Arcaro, D.; Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Gastler, D.; Rankin, D.; Richardson, C.; Rohlf, J.; Sulak, L.; Zou, D.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Berry, E.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Garabedian, A.; Hakala, J.; Heintz, U.; Jesus, O.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Mao, Z.; Narain, M.; Piperov, S.; Sagir, S.; Syarif, R.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Erbacher, R.; Funk, G.; Gardner, M.; Ko, W.; Lander, R.; Mclean, C.; Mulhearn, M.; Pellett, D.; Pilot, J.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Shalhout, S.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Stolp, D.; Tripathi, M.; Wilbur, S.; Yohay, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cousins, R.; Everaerts, P.; Florent, A.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Saltzberg, D.; Takasugi, E.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Burt, K.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Hanson, G.; Heilman, J.; Paneva, M. Ivova; Jandir, P.; Kennedy, E.; Lacroix, F.; Long, O. R.; Malberti, M.; Negrete, M. Olmedo; Shrinivas, A.; Wei, H.; Wimpenny, S.; Yates, B. R.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Derdzinski, M.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Klein, D.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Olivito, D.; Padhi, S.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Tadel, M.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Welke, C.; Wurthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Della Porta, G. Zevi] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Bradmiller-Feld, J.; Campagnari, C.; Dishaw, A.; Dutta, V.; Flowers, K.; Sevilla, M. Franco; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Golf, F.; Gouskos, L.; Gran, J.; Incandela, J.; Mccoll, N.; Mullin, S. D.; Richman, J.; Stuart, D.; Suarez, I.; West, C.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Anderson, D.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Duarte, J.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Pena, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Vlimant, J. R.; Xie, S.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Andrews, M. B.; Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carlson, B.; Ferguson, T.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Sun, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Jensen, F.; Johnson, A.; Krohn, M.; Mulholland, T.; Nauenberg, U.; Stenson, K.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Chaves, J.; Chu, J.; Dittmer, S.; Eggert, N.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Ryd, A.; Skinnari, L.; Soffi, L.; Sun, W.; Tan, S. M.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Weng, Y.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Apollinari, G.; Banerjee, S.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bolla, G.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gottschalk, E.; Gray, L.; Green, D.; Grunendahl, S.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Hare, D.; Harris, R. M.; Hasegawa, S.; Hirschauer, J.; Hu, Z.; Jayatilaka, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kreis, B.; Lammel, S.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Liu, T.; De Sa, R. Lopes; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Merkel, P.; Mrenna, S.; Nahn, S.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pedro, K.; Prokofyev, O.; Rakness, G.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Soha, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bortignon, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Carnes, A.; Carver, M.; Curry, D.; Das, S.; Field, R. D.; Furic, I. K.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kotov, K.; Ma, P.; Matchev, K.; Mei, H.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Rank, D.; Rossin, R.; Shchutska, L.; Snowball, M.; Sperka, D.; Terentyev, N.; Thomas, L.; Wang, J.; Wang, S.; Yelton, J.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Hewamanage, S.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Ackert, A.; Adams, J. R.; Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bein, S.; Bochenek, J.; Diamond, B.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Johnson, K. F.; Khatiwada, A.; Prosper, H.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Bhopatkar, V.; Colafranceschi, S.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Noonan, D.; Roy, T.; Yumiceva, F.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Apanasevich, L.; Berry, D.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Kurt, P.; O'Brien, C.; Gonzalez, I. D. Sandoval; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.; Wu, Z.; Zakaria, M.; Zhang, J.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Dilsiz, K.; Durgut, S.; Gandrajula, R. P.; Haytmyradov, M.; Khristenko, V.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Ogul, H.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Penzo, A.; Snyder, C.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Anderson, I.; Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Eminizer, N.; Fehling, D.; Feng, L.; Gritsan, A. V.; Maksimovic, P.; Osherson, M.; Roskes, J.; Sady, A.; Sarica, U.; Swartz, M.; Xiao, M.; Xin, Y.; You, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Bruner, C.; Kenny, R. P., III; Majumder, D.; Malek, M.; Mcbrayer, W.; Murray, M.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Wang, Q.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Ivanov, A.; Kaadze, K.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Mohammadi, A.; Saini, L. K.; Skhirtladze, N.; Toda, S.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lange, D.; Rebassoo, F.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Anelli, C.; Baden, A.; Baron, O.; Belloni, A.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Ferraioli, C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Jabeen, S.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kolberg, T.; Kunkle, J.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Shin, Y. H.; Skuja, A.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Barbieri, R.; Baty, A.; Bierwagen, K.; Brandt, S.; Busza, W.; Cali, I. A.; Demiragli, Z.; Di Matteo, L.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Gulhan, D.; Iiyama, Y.; Innocenti, G. M.; Klute, M.; Kovalskyi, D.; Lai, Y. S.; Lee, Y. -J.; Levin, A.; Luckey, P. D.; Marini, A. C.; Mcginn, C.; Mironov, C.; Narayanan, S.; Niu, X.; Paus, C.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sumorok, K.; Varma, M.; Velicanu, D.; Veverka, J.; Wang, J.; Wang, T. W.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Zhukova, V.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Benvenuti, A. C.; Dahmes, B.; Evans, A.; Finkel, A.; Gude, A.; Hansen, P.; Kalafut, S.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Lesko, Z.; Mans, J.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Rusack, R.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Oliveros, S.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bartek, R.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Fangmeier, C.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Kamalieddin, R.; Knowlton, D.; Kravchenko, I.; Meier, F.; Monroy, J.; Ratnikov, F.; Siado, J. E.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Alyari, M.; Dolen, J.; George, J.; Godshalk, A.; Harrington, C.; Iashvili, I.; Kaisen, J.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Rappoccio, S.; Roozbahani, B.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Hortiangtham, A.; Massironi, A.; Morse, D. M.; Nash, D.; Orimoto, T.; De Lima, R. Teixeira; Trocino, D.; Wang, R. -J.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Hahn, K. A.; Kubik, A.; Low, J. F.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Pollack, B.; Schmitt, M.; Sung, K.; Trovato, M.; Velasco, M.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Dev, N.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kellams, N.; Lannon, K.; Marinelli, N.; Meng, F.; Mueller, C.; Musienko, Y.; Planer, M.; Reinsvold, A.; Ruchti, R.; Smith, G.; Taroni, S.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Woodard, A.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Antonelli, L.; Brinson, J.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Flowers, S.; Hart, A.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Ji, W.; Ling, T. Y.; Liu, B.; Luo, W.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Winer, B. L.; Wulsin, H. W.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Driga, O.; Elmer, P.; Hardenbrook, J.; Hebda, P.; Koay, S. A.; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Palmer, C.; Piroue, P.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Malik, S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Savoy-Navarro, A.; Barker, A.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bortoletto, D.; Gutay, L.; Jha, M. K.; Jones, M.; Jung, A. W.; Jung, K.; Kumar, A.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shi, X.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Sun, J.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Xu, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Parashar, N.; Stupak, J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Akgun, B.; Chen, Z.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Guilbaud, M.; Li, W.; Michlin, B.; Northup, M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Rorie, J.; Tu, Z.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Ferbel, T.; Galanti, M.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Hindrichs, O.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Lo, K. H.; Petrillo, G.; Tan, P.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Halkiadakis, E.; Heindl, M.; Hidas, D.; Hughes, E.; Kaplan, S.; Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam; Lath, A.; Nash, K.; Saka, H.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Sheffield, D.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.; Thomassen, P.; Walker, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Foerster, M.; Riley, G.; Rose, K.; Spanier, S.; Thapa, K.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Bouhali, O.; Hernandez, A. Castaneda; Celik, A.; Dalchenko, M.; De Mattia, M.; Delgado, A.; Dildick, S.; Eusebi, R.; Gilmore, J.; Huang, T.; Kamon, T.; Krutelyov, V.; Mueller, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Patel, R.; Perloff, A.; Rose, A.; Safonov, A.; Tatarinov, A.; Ulmer, K. A.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Cowden, C.; Damgov, J.; Dragoiu, C.; Dudero, P. R.; Faulkner, J.; Kunori, S.; Lamichhane, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Undleeb, S.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Janjam, R.; Johns, W.; Maguire, C.; Mao, Y.; Melo, A.; Ni, H.; Sheldon, P.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.; Xu, Q.] Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Li, H.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Sun, X.; Wang, Y.; Wolfe, E.; Wood, J.; Xia, F.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Clarke, C.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sturdy, J.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Belknap, D. A.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Dodd, L.; Duric, S.; Gomber, B.; Grothe, M.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Lanaro, A.; Levine, A.; Long, K.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Perry, T.; Pierro, G. A.; Polese, G.; Ruggles, T.; Sarangi, T.; Savin, A.; Sharma, A.; Smith, N.; Smith, W. H.; Taylor, D.; Verwilligen, P.; Woods, N.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Jeitler, M.; Krammer, M.; Schieck, J.; Wulz, C. E.] Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, Austria. [Rabady, D.; Merlin, J. A.; Pantaleo, F.; Hartmann, F.; Kornmayer, A.; Szillasi, Z.; Mohanty, A. K.; Silvestris, L.; Battilana, C.; Tosi, N.; Viliani, L.; Primavera, F.; Manzoni, R. A.; Di Guida, S.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Azzi, P.; Pazzini, J.; Zucchetta, A.; Ciangottini, D.; Azzurri, P.; Donato, S.; D'imperio, G.; Del Re, D.; Traczyk, P.; Arcidiacono, R.; Finco, L.; Ulmer, K. A.] European Org Nucl Res, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Zhang, F.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Beluffi, C.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Giammanco, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Popov, A.; Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Chinellato, J.; Tonelli Manganote, E. J.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Moon, C. S.] Ctr Natl Rech Sci CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Plestina, R.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3 CNRS, Palaiseau, France. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [El-khateeb, E.; Elkafrawy, T.; Salama, E.] Ain Shams Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mohamed, A.] Zewail City Sci & Technol, Zewail, Egypt. [Salama, E.] British Univ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Fontaine, J. C.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Toriashvili, T.] Tbilisi State Univ, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Bagaturia, I.] Ilia State Univ, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Borras, K.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Gallo, E.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Hempel, M.; Karacheban, O.; Lohmann, W.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [Horvath, D.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. [Bartok, M.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Choudhury, S.] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhopal, India. [Bhowmik, S.; Maity, M.; Sarkar, T.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Gurtu, A.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Wickramage, N.] Univ Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka. [Etesami, S. M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, Iran. [Fahim, A.] Univ Tehran, Dept Engn Sci, Tehran, Iran. [Safarzadeh, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Androsov, K.; Ciocci, M. A.; Grippo, M. T.] Univ Siena, Siena, Italy. [Ali, M. A. B. Md] Int Islamic Univ Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Idris, F. Mohamad] MOSTI, Malaysian Nucl Agcy, Kajang, Malaysia. [Heredia-De La Cruz, I.] Consejo Nacl Ciencia & Technol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Byszuk, A.; Zagozdzinska, A.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Elect Syst, Warsaw, Poland. [Matveev, V.; Musienko, Y.] Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Matveev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Leonidov, A.] Natl Res Nucl Univ, Moscow Engn Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Kim, V.] St Petersburg State Polytech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. [Dubinin, M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Adzic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade, Serbia. [Di Marco, E.] Univ Rome, INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Orfanelli, S.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Rolandi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Scuola Normale & Sez, Pisa, Italy. [Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Amsler, C.] Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Cerci, S.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey. [Kangal, E. E.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Onengut, G.] Cag Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Ozdemir, K.] Piri Reis Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Ozturk, S.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey. [Isildak, B.] Ozyegin Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Karapinar, G.] Izmir Inst Technol, Izmir, Turkey. [Kaya, M.] Marmara Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kaya, O.] Kafkas Univ, Kars, Turkey. [Yetkin, E. A.] Istanbul Bilgi Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Yetkin, T.] Yildiz Tech Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Sen, S.] Hacettepe Univ, Ankara, Turkey. [Newbold, D. M.; Lucas, R.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Belyaev, A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton, Hants, England. [Acosta, M. Vazquez] Inst Astrofis Canarias, San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. [Wasserbaech, S.] Utah Valley Univ, Orem, UT USA. [Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade, Serbia. [Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Roma, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Bilki, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mermerkaya, H.] Erzincan Univ, Erzincan, Turkey. [Ozok, F.] Mimar Sinan Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Bouhali, O.; Hernandez, A. Castaneda] Texas A&M Univ Qatar, Doha, Qatar. [Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Daegu, South Korea. RI Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Manganote, Edmilson/K-8251-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Puljak, Ivica/D-8917-2017; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016 OI Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083 FU BMWFW (Austria); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER (Estonia); ERC IUT (Estonia); ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NIH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP (Republic of Korea); NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); MOE (Malaysia); UM (Malaysia); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter (Thailand); IPST (Thailand); STAR (Thailand); NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council; EPLANET (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for Polish Science; European Union, Regional Development Fund; OPUS programme of the National Science Center (Poland); Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); MIUR (Italy) [20108T4XTM]; Thalis programme - EU-ESF; Aristeia programme - EU-ESF; Greek NSRF; National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University (Thailand); Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); Welch Foundation [C-1845] FX We acknowledge discussions and comparisons with P. Sun, C. P. Yuan, and F. Yuan following the approach of [48]. We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, ERC IUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and EPLANET (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund; the OPUS programme of the National Science Center (Poland); the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); MIUR project 20108T4XTM (Italy); the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University (Thailand); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); and the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 76 IS 10 AR 536 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4346-8 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA ED6KW UT WOS:000388965500001 PM 28316485 ER PT J AU Frumkin, JP Patra, BN Sevold, A Ganguly, K Patel, C Yoon, S Schmid, MB Ray, A AF Frumkin, Jesse P. Patra, Biranchi N. Sevold, Anthony Ganguly, Kumkum Patel, Chaya Yoon, Stephanie Schmid, Molly B. Ray, Animesh TI The interplay between chromosome stability and cell cycle control explored through gene-gene interaction and computational simulation SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SPINDLE ASSEMBLY CHECKPOINT; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE GENOME; ANAPHASE-PROMOTING COMPLEX; SYNTHETIC DOSAGE LETHALITY; BUDDING YEAST; MITOTIC EXIT; G1 PHASE; PHOSPHORYLATION; SEGREGATION; TRANSCRIPTION AB Chromosome stability models are usually qualitative models derived from molecular-genetic mechanisms for DNA repair, DNA synthesis, and cell division. While qualitative models are informative, they are also challenging to reformulate as precise quantitative models. In this report we explore how (A) laboratory experiments, (B) quantitative simulation, and (C) seriation algorithms can inform models of chromosome stability. Laboratory experiments were used to identify 19 genes that when over-expressed cause chromosome instability in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To better understand the molecular mechanisms by which these genes act, we explored their genetic interactions with 18 deletion mutations known to cause chromosome instability. Quantitative simulations based on a mathematical model of the cell cycle were used to predict the consequences of several genetic interactions. These simulations lead us to suspect that the chromosome instability genes cause cell-cycle perturbations. Cell-cycle involvement was confirmed using a seriation algorithm, which was used to analyze the genetic interaction matrix to reveal an underlying cyclical pattern. The seriation algorithm searched over 10(14) possible arrangements of rows and columns to find one optimal arrangement, which correctly reflects events during cell cycle phases. To conclude, we illustrate how the molecular mechanisms behind these cell cycle events are consistent with established molecular interaction maps. C1 [Frumkin, Jesse P.; Patra, Biranchi N.; Sevold, Anthony; Patel, Chaya; Yoon, Stephanie; Schmid, Molly B.; Ray, Animesh] Keck Grad Inst, Sch Appl Life Sci, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Frumkin, Jesse P.] Claremont Grad Univ, Dept Math, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Ganguly, Kumkum] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ray, Animesh] CALTECH, Div Biol & Biol Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Ray, A (reprint author), Keck Grad Inst, Sch Appl Life Sci, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.; Ray, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Biol & Biol Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM aray@kgi.edu OI Ray, Animesh/0000-0002-0120-5820 FU National Science Foundation [0527023, 0523643, 0941078]; National Institutes of Health [1R01GM084881-01]; Los Alamos National Laboratory National Flow Cytometry Resource - National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [P41-RR01315]; Keck Graduate Institute FX National Science Foundation [0527023, 0523643, 0523643, 0941078 to A.R.]; National Institutes of Health [1R01GM084881-01 to A.R.]. Part of the work was supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory National Flow Cytometry Resource funded by the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [P41-RR01315]. Funding for open access charge: Keck Graduate Institute. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 17 BP 8073 EP 8085 DI 10.1093/nar/gkw715 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DZ8YL UT WOS:000386158800011 PM 27530428 ER PT J AU Jha, RK Kern, TL Kim, Y Tesar, C Jedrzejczak, R Joachimiak, A Strauss, CEM AF Jha, Ramesh K. Kern, Theresa L. Kim, Youngchang Tesar, Christine Jedrzejczak, Robert Joachimiak, Andrzej Strauss, Charlie E. M. TI A microbial sensor for organophosphate hydrolysis exploiting an engineered specificity switch in a transcription factor SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REGULATORS; EVOLUTION; MODEL; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; OPERATOR; MUTANTS; ROSETTA; INDUCER AB A whole-cell biosensor utilizing a transcription factor (TF) is an effective tool for sensitive and selective detection of specialty chemicals or anthropogenic molecules, but requires access to an expanded repertoire of TFs. Using homology modeling and ligand docking for binding pocket identification, assisted by conservative mutations in the pocket, we engineered a novel specificity in an Acinetobacter TF, PobR, to 'sense' a chemical p-nitrophenol (pNP) and measured the response via a fluorescent protein reporter expressed from a PobR promoter. Out of 10(7) variants of PobR, four were active when dosed with pNP, with two mutants showing a specificity switch from the native effector 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HB). One of the mutants, pNPmut1 was then used to create a smart microbial cell responding to pNP production from hydrolysis of an insecticide, paraoxon, in a coupled assay involving phosphotriesterase (PTE) enzyme expressed from a separate promoter. We show the fluorescence of the cells correlated with the catalytic efficiency of the PTE variant expressed in each cell. High selectivity between similar molecules (4HB versus pNP), high sensitivity for pNP detection (similar to 2 mu M) and agreement of apo- and holo-structures of PobR scaffold with predetermined computational models are other significant results presented in this work. C1 [Jha, Ramesh K.; Kern, Theresa L.; Strauss, Charlie E. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Tesar, Christine; Jedrzejczak, Robert; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Tesar, Christine; Jedrzejczak, Robert; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Biosci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Joachimiak, Andrzej] Univ Chicago, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jha, RK; Strauss, CEM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rjha@lanl.gov; cems@lanl.gov OI Jha, Ramesh/0000-0001-5904-3441 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CBCALL12-LS-6-0622]; LANL Institutional Computing [W13_SynBio]; UC Lab Fees research program [118766]; National Institutes of Health [GM094585, GM115586]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CBCALL12-LS-6-0622 to C.E.M.S.]; LANL Institutional Computing [W13_SynBio to C.E.M.S.]: UC Lab Fees research program [118766 to C.E.M.S.]; National Institutes of Health [GM094585, GM115586 to A.J.]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357 to A. J.]. Funding for open access charge: DTRA [CBCALL12-LS-6-0622]. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 17 BP 8490 EP 8500 DI 10.1093/nar/gkw687 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DZ8YL UT WOS:000386158800045 PM 27536006 ER PT J AU Rajkumar, AS Liu, GD Bergenholm, D Arsovska, D Kristensen, M Nielsen, J Jensen, MK Keasling, JD AF Rajkumar, Arun S. Liu, Guodong Bergenholm, David Arsovska, Dushica Kristensen, Mette Nielsen, Jens Jensen, Michael K. Keasling, Jay D. TI Engineering of synthetic, stress-responsive yeast promoters SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INTEGRITY SIGNALING PATHWAY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL-WALL; LOW-PH; ACID STRESS; INORGANIC ACID; LACTIC-ACID; ACETIC-ACID; TRANSCRIPTION AB Advances in synthetic biology and our understanding of the rules of promoter architecture have led to the development of diverse synthetic constitutive and inducible promoters in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, the design of promoters inducible by specific endogenous or environmental conditions is still rarely undertaken. In this study, we engineered and characterized a set of strong, synthetic promoters for budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are inducible under acidic conditions (pH a parts per thousand currency sign 3). Using available expression and transcription factor binding data, literature on transcriptional regulation, and known rules of promoter architecture we improved the low-pH performance of the YGP1 promoter by modifying transcription factor binding sites in its upstream activation sequence. The engineering strategy outlined for the YGP1 promoter was subsequently applied to create a response to low pH in the unrelated CCW14 promoter. We applied our best promoter variants to low-pH fermentations, enabling ten-fold increased production of lactic acid compared to titres obtained with the commonly used, native TEF1 promoter. Our findings outline and validate a general strategy to iteratively design and engineer synthetic yeast promoters inducible to environmental conditions or stresses of interest. C1 [Rajkumar, Arun S.; Arsovska, Dushica; Kristensen, Mette; Nielsen, Jens; Jensen, Michael K.; Keasling, Jay D.] Tech Univ Denmark, Novo Nordisk Fdn, Ctr Biosustainabil, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. [Liu, Guodong; Bergenholm, David; Nielsen, Jens] Chalmers, Novo Nordisk Fdn, Ctr Biosustainabil, Dept Biol & Biol Engn, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Syst & Engn Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jensen, MK (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Novo Nordisk Fdn, Ctr Biosustainabil, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. EM mije@biosustain.dtu.dk FU Novo Nordisk Foundation FX Novo Nordisk Foundation. Funding for open access charge: Novo Nordisk Foundation. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 17 AR e136 DI 10.1093/nar/gkw553 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DZ8YL UT WOS:000386158800001 PM 27325743 ER PT J AU Kuang, MC Hutchins, PD Russell, JD Coon, JJ Hittinger, CT AF Kuang, Meihua Christina Hutchins, Paul D. Russell, Jason D. Coon, Joshua J. Hittinger, Chris Todd TI Ongoing resolution of duplicate gene functions shapes the diversification of a metabolic network SO ELIFE LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-GENOME DUPLICATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; REGULATORY NETWORK; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; MOONLIGHTING PROTEINS; BIOCONDUCTOR PACKAGE; GLUCOSE REPRESSION; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; PATHWAY GENES; HOX CLUSTERS AB The evolutionary mechanisms leading to duplicate gene retention are well understood, but the long-term impacts of paralog differentiation on the regulation of metabolism remain underappreciated. Here we experimentally dissect the functions of two pairs of ancient paralogs of the GALactose sugar utilization network in two yeast species. We show that the Saccharomyces uvarum network is more active, even as over-induction is prevented by a second co-repressor that the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacks. Surprisingly, removal of this repression system leads to a strong growth arrest, likely due to overly rapid galactose catabolism and metabolic overload. Alternative sugars, such as fructose, circumvent metabolic control systems and exacerbate this phenotype. We further show that S. cerevisiae experiences homologous metabolic constraints that are subtler due to how the paralogs have diversified. These results show how the functional differentiation of paralogs continues to shape regulatory network architectures and metabolic strategies long after initial preservation. C1 [Kuang, Meihua Christina; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Lab Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kuang, Meihua Christina; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Grad Program Cellular & Mol Biol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kuang, Meihua Christina; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kuang, Meihua Christina; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, JF Crow Inst Study Evolut, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kuang, Meihua Christina; Hutchins, Paul D.; Russell, Jason D.; Coon, Joshua J.; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hutchins, Paul D.; Coon, Joshua J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hutchins, Paul D.; Russell, Jason D.; Coon, Joshua J.; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Russell, Jason D.; Coon, Joshua J.] Morgridge Inst Res, Metab Res Grp, Madison, WI USA. [Coon, Joshua J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomol Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Lab Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Grad Program Cellular & Mol Biol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, JF Crow Inst Study Evolut, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cthittinger@wisc.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R35 GM118110]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center DOE Office of Science [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1253634, DEB-1442148]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [1003258]; Pew Charitable Trusts Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung FX National Institutes of Health R35 GM118110 Joshua J Coon; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494 Chris Todd Hittinger; National Science Foundation DEB-1253634 Chris Todd Hittinger; National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project 1003258 Chris Todd Hittinger; Pew Charitable Trusts Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences Chris Todd Hittinger; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Alfred Toepfer Faculty Fellow Chris Todd Hittinger; National Science Foundation DEB-1442148 Chris Todd Hittinger; The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. NR 118 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA SHERATON HOUSE, CASTLE PARK, CAMBRIDGE, CB3 0AX, ENGLAND SN 2050-084X J9 ELIFE JI eLife PD SEP 30 PY 2016 VL 5 AR e19027 DI 10.7554/eLife.19027 PG 28 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EB8TJ UT WOS:000387663700001 ER EF