FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Feng, ZX Yacoby, Y Hong, WT Zhou, H Biegalski, MD Christen, HM Shao-Horn, Y AF Feng, Zhenxing Yacoby, Yizhak Hong, Wesley T. Zhou, Hua Biegalski, Michael D. Christen, Hans M. Shao-Horn, Yang TI Revealing the atomic structure and strontium distribution in nanometer-thick La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-delta grown on (001)-oriented SrTiO3 SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; OXYGEN-SURFACE EXCHANGE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CATHODE MATERIALS; QUANTUM DOTS; IN-SITU; FILMS; PEROVSKITES; REDUCTION AB Surface segregation in metal oxides can greatly influence the oxygen transport and surface oxygen exchange kinetics critical to the performance of solid-state devices such as oxygen permeation membranes and solid oxide fuel/electrolytic cell electrodes. Unfortunately detecting elemental distributions at the atomic scale near the surface remains challenging, which hampers the understanding of underpinning mechanisms and control of surface segregation for the design of high-performance materials. Using the coherent Bragg rod analysis (COBRA) method, we report the first direct 3D atomic imaging of a 4 nm-thick "La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-delta"/SrTiO3 epitaxial film. Of significance, energy differential COBRA revealed pronounced Sr segregation (La1-xSrxCoO3-delta, x similar to 0.4)in the four unit cells from the top surface while complete Sr depletion was detected in the five unit cells from the "La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-delta"/SrTiO3 interface. The drastic strontium compositional changes in the film were associated with large changes in the atomic positions of apical oxygen sites in the perovskite structure. Such Sr segregation tendencies toward the surface were also found in nominal "La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-delta" thin films, which can greatly enhance the surface oxygen exchange properties of oxides. The results presented here show that COBRA and the differential COBRA methods can be used to investigate a variety of electrochemically active systems providing atomic scale structural and chemical information that can help understand the physical and chemical properties of these systems and serve as a basis for comparison with DFT calculations. C1 [Feng, Zhenxing; Hong, Wesley T.; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Electrochem Energy Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Feng, Zhenxing; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Yacoby, Yizhak] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Hong, Wesley T.; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Zhou, Hua] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Biegalski, Michael D.; Christen, Hans M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Feng, ZX (reprint author), MIT, Electrochem Energy Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM shaohorn@mit.edu RI Hong, Wesley/H-1102-2014; Feng, Zhenxing/J-7457-2013; Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013 OI Feng, Zhenxing/0000-0001-7598-5076; Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469 FU DOE (SISGR) [DESC0002633]; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Israel Science [1005/11]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported in part by DOE (SISGR DESC0002633) and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. The authors like to thank the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Dharam, Saudi Arabia, for funding the research reported in this paper through the Center for Clean Water Clean Energy at MIT and KFUPM. This research was supported by the Israel Science Foundation under grant no. 1005/11. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Authors thank the beamline technical support from Zhan Zhang, Christian M. Schlepuetz and Lynette Jirik at ID-33 of APS. The PLD preparation performed was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scienti. c User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 63 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 EI 1754-5706 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 BP 1166 EP 1174 DI 10.1039/c3ee43164a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD4FR UT WOS:000333203900036 ER PT J AU Oldani, N Tretiak, S Bazan, G Fernandez-Alberti, S AF Oldani, N. Tretiak, S. Bazan, G. Fernandez-Alberti, S. TI Modeling of internal conversion in photoexcited conjugated molecular donors used in organic photovoltaics SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; UNIDIRECTIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; NONLINEAR POLARIZABILITIES; NONADIABATIC COUPLINGS; ELECTRONIC COHERENCE; OPTICAL-EXCITATIONS; VITREOUS SILICA; EFFICIENCY; LOCALIZATION AB Using the Non-Adiabatic Excited States Molecular Dynamics (NA-ESMD) approach, we investigate the ultrafast electronic relaxation in a recently synthesized small molecule donor, p-DTS(PTTh2)(2), which belongs to the dithienosilole-pyridylthiadiazole family of chromophores. In combination with the PC70BM acceptor, p-DTS(PTTh2)(2) can be used to fabricate high efficiency bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. After photoexcitation to its broad high-energy peak in the 3-4 eV range, associated with multiple excited states, p-DTS(PTTh2)(2) undergoes efficient ultrafast internal conversion to its lowest excited state. During this process, about 1-2 eV electronic energy transfers to the vibrational degrees of freedom leading to rapid heating of the molecule. Nevertheless, our simulations do not detect possible bond-breaking or decomposition of the system. This suggests minimal intra-molecular photodamage after photoexcitation to high-energy states in the 3-4 eV region. Calculated radiationless deactivation mainly consists of a sequential mechanism that involves electronic transitions between the current transient state and the corresponding state directly below in energy. Changes in the density of states along the relaxation process lead to pronounced variations and time-dependence of the accumulated populations of the different intermediate electronic excited states. Visualization of the electronic transition density during internal conversion reveals spatial intramolecular delocalization of electronic excitation from the thiophene moieties to the entire chromophore. Finally, our analysis of non-adiabatic coupling vectors suggests characteristic vibrational degrees of freedom coupled to the electronic system during various stages of non-radiative relaxation. C1 [Oldani, N.; Fernandez-Alberti, S.] Univ Nacl Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina. [Tretiak, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies CNLS, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tretiak, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bazan, G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Bazan, G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Ctr Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Oldani, N (reprint author), Univ Nacl Quilmes, Roque Saenz Pena 352,B1876BXD, Bernal, Argentina. EM serg@lanl.gov; sfalberti@gmail.com RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009; Bazan, Guillermo/B-7625-2014 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647; FU Energy Efficient Materials (CEEM), Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) FX S. T. and G. B. acknowledge support of the Center for Energy Efficient Materials (CEEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES). This work was partially supported by CONICET, UNQ, ANPCyT (PICT-20102375) and the National Science Foundation grant no. CHE0239120 and CHE-0808910, and the U. S. Department of Energy and Los Alamos LDRD funds. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. We acknowledge support of Center for Integrated Nanotechnology (CINT) and Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL. NR 96 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 44 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 EI 1754-5706 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 BP 1175 EP 1184 DI 10.1039/c3ee43170c PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD4FR UT WOS:000333203900037 ER PT J AU Lambert, WB Brickey, A Newman, AM Eurek, K AF Lambert, W. Brian Brickey, Andrea Newman, Alexandra M. Eurek, Kelly TI Open-Pit Block-Sequencing Formulations: A Tutorial SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE mine scheduling; mine planning; open-pit mining; surface mining; optimization; integer programming applications ID ALGORITHM AB A classical problem in the mining industry for open-pit mines involves scheduling the production of notional three-dimensional production blocks, each containing a predetermined amount of ore and waste. That is, given operational resource constraints on extraction and processing, we seek a net present value-maximizing schedule of when, if ever, to extract each block in a deposit. We present a version of the problem, which some literature refers to as (CPIT). This constrained ultimate pit limit problem (i.e., open-pit production-scheduling problem variant) produces a sequence of blocks to extract given minimum and maximum bounds on production and processing capacity, and geospatial precedences. Our tutorial demonstrates methods to expedite solutions for instances of this model through variable definition, preprocessing, algorithmic choice, and the provision of an initial feasible solution. As such, our paper is relevant for any mining practitioner interested in production scheduling, and any operations researcher interested in a basic introduction before extending the boundaries of algorithmic development in this area. C1 [Lambert, W. Brian; Newman, Alexandra M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Brickey, Andrea] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Min Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Eurek, Kelly] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lambert, WB (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM wlambert@mines.edu; abrickey@mymail.mines.edu; newman@mines.edu; keurek@gmail.com NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 0092-2102 EI 1526-551X J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 44 IS 2 SI SI BP 127 EP 142 DI 10.1287/inte.2013.0731 PG 16 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA AE1SK UT WOS:000333749800002 ER PT J AU Puente, APY Dickson, J Keiser, DD Sohn, YH AF Puente, A. Paz Y. Dickson, J. Keiser, D. D., Jr. Sohn, Y. H. TI Investigation of interdiffusion behavior in the Mo-Zr binary system via diffusion couple studies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Interdiffusion; Interdiffusion coefficients; Diffusion couples; Molybdenum; Zirconium ID CR AB Zirconium has recently garnered attention for use as a diffusion barrier between U-Mo metallic nuclear fuels and Al alloy cladding. In order to gain a fundamental understanding of the diffusional interactions, the interdiffusion behavior in the binary Mo-Zr system was investigated via solid-to-solid diffusion couples annealed in the temperature range of 750 to 1050 degrees C. A combination of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis were used to examine the microstructure and concentration profiles across the interdiffusion zone. A large beta-Zr (cI2) solid solution layer and a thin (similar to 1-2 mu m) layer of Mo2Zr (cF24) developed in all couples. Parabolic growth constants and concentration dependent interdiffusion coefficients were calculated for the Mo2Zr and Zr solid solution phases, respectively. The pre-exponential factor and activation energy for growth of the Mo2Zr phase were determined to be approximately 6.5 x 10(-15) m(2)/s and 90 kJ/mol, respectively. The interdiffusion coefficient in beta-Zr solid solution decreased with an increase in Mo concentration. Both the pre-exponential factors (2 x 10(-8) m(2)/s at 2 at.% Mo to near 5 x 10(-8) m(2)/s at 9 at.% Mo) and activation energies (140 kJ/mol at 2 at.% Mo to approximately 155 kJ/mol at 9 at.% Mo) of interdiffusion coefficients were determined to increase with an increase in Mo concentration. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Puente, A. Paz Y.; Dickson, J.; Sohn, Y. H.] Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Keiser, D. D., Jr.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Scoville, ID 83415 USA. RP Puente, APY (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mat Sci Engn, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RI Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010; Paz y Puente, Ashley/M-2022-2015 OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743; Paz y Puente, Ashley/0000-0001-7108-7164 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction [NA-212]; National Nuclear Security Administration under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212) and the National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-4368 J9 INT J REFRACT MET H JI Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mat. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 43 BP 317 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2013.12.017 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA AE2FW UT WOS:000333789700048 ER PT J AU He, JY Lu, L Zhao, C Mei, DH Lercher, JA AF He, Jiayue Lu, Lu Zhao, Chen Mei, Donghai Lercher, Johannes A. TI Mechanisms of catalytic cleavage of benzyl phenyl ether in aqueous and apolar phases SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Lignin; Hydrolysis; Hydrogenolysis; Ether cleavage; Alkylation; Pyrolysis ID SYNCHRONOUS-TRANSIT METHOD; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; ACID CATALYSIS; ARYL ETHERS; LIGNIN; HYDROGENOLYSIS; CONVERSION; PYROLYSIS; PHENOLS; SOLVENT AB Catalytic pathways for the cleavage of ether bonds in benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) in liquid phase using Ni- and zeolite-based catalysts are explored. In the absence of catalysts, the C-O bond is selectively cleaved in water by hydrolysis, forming phenol and benzyl alcohol as intermediates, followed by alkylation. The hydronium ions catalyzing the reactions are provided by the dissociation of water at 523 K. Upon addition of HZSM-5, rates of hydrolysis and alkylation are markedly increased in relation to proton concentrations. In the presence of Ni/SiO2, the selective hydrogenolysis dominates for cleaving the C-aliphatic-O bond. catalyzed by the dual-functional Ni/HZSM-5, hydrogenolysis occurs as the major route rather than hydrolysis (minor route). In apolar undecane, the non-catalytic thermal pyrolysis route dominates. Hydrogenolysis of BPE appears to be the major reaction pathway in undecane in the presence of Ni/SiO2 or Ni/HZSM-5, almost completely suppressing radical reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations strongly support the proposed C-O bond cleavage mechanisms on BPE in aqueous and apolar phases. These calculations show that BPE is initially protonated and subsequently hydrolyzed in the aqueous phase. DFT calculations suggest that the radical reactions in non-polar solvents lead to primary benzyl and phenoxy radicals in undecane, which leads to heavier condensation products as long as metals are absent for providing dissociated hydrogen. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Jiayue; Lu, Lu; Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [He, Jiayue; Lu, Lu; Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Catalysis Res Ctr, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Mei, Donghai; Lercher, Johannes A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhao, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, Lichtenbergstr 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany. EM chenzhao@mytum.de; johannes.lercher@ch.tum.de RI Mei, Donghai/A-2115-2012; Mei, Donghai/D-3251-2011; He, Jiayue/P-9867-2016 OI Mei, Donghai/0000-0002-0286-4182; He, Jiayue/0000-0002-6498-9538 FU graduate school (Faculty Graduate Center of Chemistry) of the Technische Universitat Munchen; Elite Network of Bavaria (Graduate School NanoCat); US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences Biosciences; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX J.H. gratefully acknowledges for the support from the graduate school (Faculty Graduate Center of Chemistry) of the Technische Universitat Munchen and the Elite Network of Bavaria (Graduate School NanoCat). D.M. and J.A.L. thank for the support from the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle. Computing time was granted by the grand challenge of computational catalysis of the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) and by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). EMSL is a national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. NR 39 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 12 U2 182 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 EI 1090-2694 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 311 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.10.024 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA AD8AS UT WOS:000333489500006 ER PT J AU Balakrishnan, K AF Balakrishnan, Kaushik TI Diffusion- and Kinetics-Limited Combustion of an Explosively Dispersed Aluminum Particle SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID DETONATION C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balakrishnan, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, MS 50A-1148,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kaushikb258@gmail.com NR 14 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 EI 1533-3876 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 30 IS 2 BP 522 EP 526 DI 10.2514/1.B35059 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA AD8ST UT WOS:000333536600028 ER PT J AU Medikonda, M Muthinti, GR Fronheiser, J Kamineni, V Wormington, M Matney, K Adam, TN Karapetrova, E Diebold, AC AF Medikonda, Manasa Muthinti, Gangadhara R. Fronheiser, Jody Kamineni, Vimal Wormington, Matthew Matney, Kevin Adam, Thomas N. Karapetrova, Evguenia Diebold, Alain C. TI Measurement of periodicity and strain in arrays of single crystal silicon and pseudomorphic Si1-xGex/Si fin structures using x-ray reciprocal space maps SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID SURFACE GRATINGS; DIFFRACTION AB Characterization of the periodicity and strain state of an array of lithographically patterned silicon and silicon-germanium alloy on silicon fins using reciprocal space mapping of Bragg diffraction peaks is presented. Various patterned structures with different pitch values of 90 nm, 65 nm, and 42 nm have been studied and data for the 42 nm pitch sample is discussed in this paper. Diffraction from fin arrays is treated kinematically analogous to periodic surface grating structures. Diffraction from the symmetric 004 planes is used to calculate pitch and analyze the pitch walking pattern which appears as harmonic peaks on either side of the fin peaks. Pitch walking refers to the presence of two periodicities in the array due to the lithographic process. Longitudinal scans are evaluated at the fin peak positions to probe into the shape of the fin structure. Nonrectangular fin shapes resulted in peak splitting of the longitudinal scans of higher order fin peaks indicating a finite sidewall slope. Asymmetric 224 planes were analyzed to study the quality and strain-relaxation of the fin structures both parallel and perpendicular to the fin length using reciprocal space mapping techniques. (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Medikonda, Manasa; Muthinti, Gangadhara R.; Adam, Thomas N.; Diebold, Alain C.] SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Fronheiser, Jody; Kamineni, Vimal] GLOBALFOUNDRIES, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Wormington, Matthew; Matney, Kevin] Jordan Valley Semicond Inc, Austin, TX 78744 USA. [Karapetrova, Evguenia] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Medikonda, M (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA. EM mmedikonda@albany.edu FU Center for Nanoscale Metrology; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors acknowledge TEL Technology Center, America, for their generous contribution of analysis time on the BML tool. M. Medikonda gratefully acknowledges funding from the Center for Nanoscale Metrology. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors acknowledge the integration support of Jeremy Wahl, Kerem Akarvardar, and Steven Bentley along with the management support from William Taylor and Ajey Jacob from GLOBALFOUNDRIES. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAR PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 AR 021804 DI 10.1116/1.4863316 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA AD9BW UT WOS:000333560600049 ER PT J AU Song, T Park, Y Shamputa, IC Seo, S Lee, SY Jeon, HS Choi, H Lee, M Glynne, RJ Barnes, SW Walker, JR Batalov, S Yusim, K Feng, SH Tung, CS Theiler, J Via, LE Boshoff, HIM Murakami, KS Korber, B Barry, CE Cho, SN AF Song, Taeksun Park, Yumi Shamputa, Isdore Chola Seo, Sunghwa Lee, Sun Young Jeon, Han-Seung Choi, Hongjo Lee, Myungsun Glynne, Richard J. Barnes, S. Whitney Walker, John R. Batalov, Serge Yusim, Karina Feng, Shihai Tung, Chang-Shung Theiler, James Via, Laura E. Boshoff, Helena I. M. Murakami, Katsuhiko S. Korber, Bette Barry, Clifton E., III Cho, Sang-Nae TI Fitness costs of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are amplified under conditions of nutrient starvation and compensated by mutation in the beta ' subunit of RNA polymerase SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; SOUTH-AFRICA; EVOLUTION; PPGPP; ADAPTATION; MECHANISMS; VIRULENCE AB Rifampicin resistance, a defining attribute of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, is conferred by mutations in the subunit of RNA polymerase. Sequencing of rifampicin-resistant (RIF-R) clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed, in addition to RIF-R mutations, enrichment of potential compensatory mutations around the double-psi -barrel domain of the subunit comprising the catalytic site and the exit tunnel for newly synthesized RNA. Sequential introduction of the resistance allele followed by the compensatory allele in isogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis showed that these mutations respectively caused and compensated a starvation enhanced growth defect by altering RNA polymerase activity. While specific combinations of resistance and compensatory alleles converged in divergent lineages, other combinations recurred among related isolates suggesting transmission of compensated RIF-R strains. These findings suggest nutrient poor growth conditions impose larger selective pressure on RIF-R organisms that results in the selection of compensatory mutations in a domain involved in catalysis and starvation control of RNA polymerase transcription. C1 [Song, Taeksun; Park, Yumi; Seo, Sunghwa; Lee, Sun Young; Jeon, Han-Seung; Choi, Hongjo; Lee, Myungsun; Barry, Clifton E., III; Cho, Sang-Nae] Int TB Res Ctr, Chang Won, South Korea. [Shamputa, Isdore Chola; Via, Laura E.; Boshoff, Helena I. M.; Barry, Clifton E., III] NIAID, TB Res Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Glynne, Richard J.; Barnes, S. Whitney; Walker, John R.; Batalov, Serge] Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA USA. [Yusim, Karina; Feng, Shihai; Tung, Chang-Shung; Theiler, James; Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Murakami, Katsuhiko S.] Penn State Univ, Ctr RNA Mol Biol, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cho, Sang-Nae] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Sang-Nae] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Inst Immunol & Immunol Dis, Seoul, South Korea. RP Barry, CE (reprint author), Int TB Res Ctr, Chang Won, South Korea. EM cbarry@niaid.nih.gov; raycho@yonsei.kr RI Barry, III, Clifton/H-3839-2012 OI Via, Laura/0000-0001-6074-9521; FU NIAID, NIH; Korean Centers for Disease Control of the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare; NIH [GM087350-A1] FX This work was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of the NIAID, NIH, (in part) by continuous support from the Korean Centers for Disease Control of the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare to the International Tuberculosis Research Center, and (in part) by NIH Grant GM087350-A1 (K. S. M.). We would like to thank the subjects who enrolled in this research study for their active participation and donation of specimens (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00341601) and the clinical staff who supported that trial. The authors of this study declare that they have no conflicts of interest with respect to any aspect of this research. NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-382X EI 1365-2958 J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 91 IS 6 BP 1106 EP 1119 DI 10.1111/mmi.12520 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA AD7LV UT WOS:000333446300006 PM 24417450 ER PT J AU Poskas, P Narkuniene, A Grigaliuniene, D Finsterle, S AF Poskas, Povilas Narkuniene, Asta Grigaliuniene, Dalia Finsterle, Stefan TI COMPARISON OF RADIONUCLIDE RELEASES FROM A CONCEPTUAL GEOLOGICAL REPOSITORY FOR RBMK-1500 AND BWR SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geological repository; RBMK and BWR reactor spent nuclear fuel; radionuclide migration AB Approximately 22 600 spent nuclear fuel (SNF) assemblies originating from the RBMK-1500 reactor of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania need to be managed and disposed of safely. Generic investigations of RBMK-1500 SNF disposal options in Lithuania were initiated. This paper presents insights on RBMK-1500 SNF disposal in crystalline rocks gained during participation in the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project "The Use of Numerical Models in Support of Site Characterization and Performance Assessment Studies for Geological Repositories," as well as in the Lithuanian Science Development Program. The research was focused on the analysis of disposal behavior of different SNF types under generic geological conditions and for a one-canister defect scenario with two different corrosion rates. A comparison of peak fluxes from the near field for Lithuanian RBMK-1500 and Swedish boiling water reactor SNF revealed differences that are not directly proportional to the differences in SNF inventory. C1 [Poskas, Povilas; Narkuniene, Asta; Grigaliuniene, Dalia] Lithuanian Energy Inst, Nucl Engn Lab, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania. [Finsterle, Stefan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Poskas, P (reprint author), Lithuanian Energy Inst, Nucl Engn Lab, 3 Breslaujos Str, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania. EM poskas@mail.lei.lt RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009 OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906 FU IAEA Coordinated Research Project [13370/RBF]; Lithuanian Science Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work has partly been funded by the IAEA Coordinated Research Project (13370/RBF) and the Lithuanian Science Development Program. The last coauthor was supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3 BP 322 EP 335 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA AE1LF UT WOS:000333730100008 ER PT J AU Zhang, SW Song, YT Wang, ZW Ji, X Daly, E Kalish, M Lu, S Du, SS Liu, XF Feng, CL Yang, H Wang, SK AF Zhang Shanwen Song Yuntao Wang Zhongwei Ji Xiang Daly, E. Kalish, M. Lu Su Du Shuangsong Liu Xufeng Feng Changle Yang Hong Wang Songke TI Design of Tokamak ELM Coil Support in High Nuclear Heat Environment SO PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tokomak; ELM coil; rigid support; flexible support; high nuclear heat AB In Tokomak, the support of the ELM coil, which is close to the plasma and subject to high radiation level, high temperature and high magnetic field, is used to transport and bear the thermal load due to thermal expansion and the alternating electromagnetic force generated by high magnetic field and AC current in the coil. According to the feature of ITER ELM coil, the mechanical performance of rigid and flexible supports under different high nuclear heat levels is studied. Results show that flexible supports have more excellent performance in high nuclear heat condition than rigid supports. Concerning thermal and electromagnetic (EM) loads, optimized results further prove that flexible supports have better mechanical performance than rigid ones. Through these studies, reasonable support design can be provided for the ELM coils or similar coils in Tokamak based on the nuclear heat level. C1 [Zhang Shanwen; Song Yuntao; Wang Zhongwei; Ji Xiang; Lu Su; Du Shuangsong; Liu Xufeng; Feng Changle; Yang Hong; Wang Songke] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 200031, Peoples R China. [Daly, E.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Kalish, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Zhang, SW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 200031, Peoples R China. EM zhangsw@ipp.ac.cn NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1009-0630 J9 PLASMA SCI TECHNOL JI Plasma Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 16 IS 3 BP 300 EP 304 DI 10.1088/1009-0630/16/3/23 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AE1RO UT WOS:000333747400022 ER PT J AU Olsson, RH Hattar, K Homeijer, SJ Wiwi, M Eichenfield, M Branch, DW Baker, MS Nguyen, J Clark, B Bauer, T Friedmann, TA AF Olsson, Roy H., III Hattar, Khalid Homeijer, Sara J. Wiwi, Michael Eichenfield, Matthew Branch, Darren W. Baker, Michael S. Nguyen, Janet Clark, Blythe Bauer, Todd Friedmann, Thomas A. TI A high electromechanical coupling coefficient SHO Lamb wave lithium niobate micromechanical resonator and a method for fabrication SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article DE Contour mode resonator; Coupling coefficient; Lamb wave resonator; Lithium niobate; Microresonator ID SILICON RESONATORS; THIN; TECHNOLOGIES; FILTERS AB We present a high coupling coefficient, k(eff)(2), micromechanical resonator based on the propagation of SHO Lamb waves in thin, suspended plates of single crystal X-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO3). The thin plates are fabricated using ion implantation of He to create a damaged layer of LiNbO3 below the wafer surface. This damaged layer is selectively wet etched in a hydrofluoric (HF) acid based chemistry to form thin, suspended plates of LiNbO3 without the wafer bonding, layer fracturing and chemical mechanical polishing in previously reported LiNbO3 microfabrication approaches. The highest coupling coefficient is found for resonators with acoustic propagation rotated 170 degrees from the y-axis, where a fundamental mode SHO Lamb wave resonator with a plate width of 20 mu m and a corresponding resonant frequency of 101 MHz achieves a k(eff)(2) of 12.4%, a quality factor of 1300 and a resonator figure of merit (M) of 185. The k(eff)(2). and M are among the highest reported for micromechanical resonators. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Olsson, Roy H., III; Eichenfield, Matthew; Baker, Michael S.; Nguyen, Janet] Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hattar, Khalid; Clark, Blythe] Sandia Natl Labs, Radiat Solid Interact Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Homeijer, Sara J.; Wiwi, Michael; Bauer, Todd; Friedmann, Thomas A.] Sandia Natl Labs, MESAFAB Operat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Branch, Darren W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Olsson, RH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rholsso@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 209 BP 183 EP 190 DI 10.1016/j.sna.2014.01.033 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA AE2DK UT WOS:000333783300025 ER PT J AU LePoire, DJ AF LePoire, David J. TI Review of Potential Characterization Techniques in Approaching Energy and Sustainability SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE energy efficiency; integrated economic indices; research and development; environmental impacts; foresight techniques ID SCIENCE AB Societal prosperity is linked to sustainable energy and a healthy environment. However, tough global challenges include increased demand for fossil fuels, while approaching peak oil production and uncertainty in the environmental impacts of energy generation. Recently, energy use was identified as a major component of economic productivity, along with capital and labor. Other environmental resources and impacts may be nearing environmental thresholds, as indicated by nine planetary environmental boundaries, many of which are linked to energy production and use. Foresight techniques could be applied to guide future actions which include emphasis on (1) energy efficiency to bridge the transition to a renewable energy economy; (2) continued research, development, and assessment of new technologies; (3) improved understanding of environment impacts including natural capital use and degradation; (4) exploration of GDP alternative measures that include both economic production and environmental impacts; and (5) international cooperation and awareness of longer-term opportunities and their associated potential scenarios. Examples from the U.S. and the international community illustrate challenges and potential. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP LePoire, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dlepoire@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH171357] FX Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH171357. The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of Argonne, UChicago-Argonne, the University of Chicago, or DOE. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1489 EP 1503 DI 10.3390/su6031489 PG 15 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE0SC UT WOS:000333675500020 ER PT J AU Satchwell, A Hledik, R AF Satchwell, Andrew Hledik, Ryan TI Analytical frameworks to incorporate demand response in long-term resource planning SO UTILITIES POLICY LA English DT Article DE Utility planning; Demand response; Integrated resource planning AB Many utilities are obligated by state regulatory or legislative requirements to consider demand response (DR) as part of their resource planning process. There are several ways to incorporate DR into resource planning modeling and each has its advantages and disadvantages. We explore the current analytical frameworks for incorporating DR into long-term resource planning. We also consider whether current approaches accurately and realistically model DR resources in capacity expansion and production cost models and whether barriers exist to incorporating DR into resource planning models in a more robust fashion. We identify 10 specific recommendations for enhancing and expanding the current approaches. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Satchwell, Andrew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hledik, Ryan] Brattle Grp, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Satchwell, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ASatchwell@lbl.gov; Ryan.Hledik@Brattle.com FU National Electricity Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work described in this report was funded by the National Electricity Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Larry Mansueti (DOE OE) for his support of this project. The authors would also like to thank Galen Barbose, Peter Cappers, Emily Fisher and Charles Goldman of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Ahmad Faruqui, Frank Graves, and Kathleen Spees of The Brattle Group, for their thoughtful comments on earlier drafts. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0957-1787 EI 1878-4356 J9 UTIL POLICY JI Util. Policy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.jup.2013.12.003 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AE2DI UT WOS:000333783100008 ER PT J AU Bailey, DH Borwein, J AF Bailey, David H. Borwein, Jonathan TI Pi Day Is Upon Us Again and We Still Do Not Know if Pi Is Normal SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATION; CONSTANTS; NUMBERS AB The digits of pi have intrigued both the public and research mathematicians from the beginning of time. This article briefly reviews the history of this venerable constant, and then describes some recent research on the question of whether pi is normal, or, in other words,. whether its digits are statistically random in a specific sense. C1 [Bailey, David H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borwein, Jonathan] Univ Newcastle, Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math & Its Applicat CARMA, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DHBailey@lbl.gov; jonathan.borwein@newcastle.edu.au FU Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX David H. Bailey was supported in part by the Director, Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-9890 EI 1930-0972 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 121 IS 3 BP 191 EP 206 DI 10.4169/amer.math.monthly.121.03.191 PG 16 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AD0KD UT WOS:000332922000001 ER PT J AU Medin, Z Cumming, A AF Medin, Zach Cumming, Andrew TI A SIGNATURE OF CHEMICAL SEPARATION IN THE COOLING LIGHT CURVES OF TRANSIENTLY ACCRETING NEUTRON STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE dense matter; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general ID CRUST; CHALLENGE; EVOLUTION; RELEASE; ENERGY; MODELS; OCEANS; STATE; PHASE AB We show that convection driven by chemical separation can significantly affect the cooling light curves of accreting neutron stars after they go into quiescence. We calculate the thermal relaxation of the neutron star ocean and crust including the thermal and compositional fluxes due to convection. After the inward propagating cooling wave reaches the base of the neutron star ocean, the ocean begins to freeze, driving chemical separation. The resulting convection transports heat inward, giving much faster cooling of the surface layers than found assuming the ocean cools passively. The light curves including convection show a rapid drop in temperature weeks after outburst. Identifying this signature in observed cooling curves would constrain the temperature and composition of the ocean as well as offer a real time probe of the freezing of a classical multicomponent plasma. C1 [Medin, Zach] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cumming, Andrew] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. RP Medin, Z (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM zmedin@lanl.gov; cumming@physics.mcgill.ca FU NSERC; LANL Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory; [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank Chuck Horowitz, Nathalie Degenaar, and Chris Fontes for useful discussions. A. C. is supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant and is an associate member of the CIFAR Cosmology and Gravity program. We are grateful for the support of an International Team on Neutron Star Crusts by ISSI in Bern. Z.M. was supported by a LANL Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship. This research was carried out in part under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory and supported by Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 783 IS 1 AR L3 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/783/1/L3 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AC4UB UT WOS:000332515500003 ER PT J AU Paul, KB Hedge, JM Rotroff, DM Hornung, MW Crofton, KM Simmons, SO AF Paul, Katie B. Hedge, Joan M. Rotroff, Daniel M. Hornung, Michael W. Crofton, Kevin M. Simmons, Steven O. TI Development of a Thyroperoxidase Inhibition Assay for High-Throughput Screening SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; THYROID PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; MATERNAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; EARLY-PREGNANCY; IODINE SUPPLEMENTATION; SOY ISOFLAVONES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MECHANISM AB High-throughput screening (HTPS) assays to detect inhibitors of thyroperoxidase (TPO), the enzymatic catalyst for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis, are not currently available. Herein, we describe the development of a HTPS TPO inhibition assay. Rat thyroid microsomes and a fluorescent peroxidase substrate, Amplex UltraRed (AUR), were employed in an end-point assay for comparison to the existing kinetic guaiacol (GUA) oxidation assay. Following optimization of assay metrics, including Z', dynamic range, and activity, using methimazole (MMI), the assay was tested with a 21-chemical training set. The potency of MMI-induced TPO inhibition was greater with AUR compared to GUA. The dynamic range and Z' score with MMI were as follows: 127-fold and 0.62 for the GUA assay, 18-fold and 0.86 for the 96-well AUR assay, and 11.5-fold and 0.93 for the 384-well AUR assay. The 384-well AUR assay drastically reduced animal use, requiring one-tenth of the rat thyroid microsomal protein needed for the GUA 96-well format assay. Fourteen chemicals inhibited TPO, with a relative potency ranking of MMI > ethylene thiourea > 6-propylthiouracil > 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxy-benzophenone > 2-mercaptobenzothiazole > 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole > genistein > 4-propoxyphenol > sulfamethazine > daidzein > 4-nonylphenol > triclosan > iopanoic acid > resorcinol. These data demonstrate the capacity of this assay to detect diverse TPO inhibitors. Seven chemicals acted as negatives: 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, dibutylphthalate, diethylhexylphthalate, diethylphthalate, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-1-methanol, methyl 2-methyl-benzoate, and sodium perchlorate. This assay could be used to screen large numbers of chemicals as an integral component of a tiered TH-disruptor screening approach. C1 [Paul, Katie B.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Paul, Katie B.; Hedge, Joan M.; Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hornung, Michael W.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Simmons, SO (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM simmons.steve@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX K.B.P. was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Postdoctoral Fellowship during this work. The information in this document was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It was subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and was approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names of commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 76 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 27 IS 3 SI SI BP 387 EP 399 DI 10.1021/tx400310w PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA AD3MH UT WOS:000333142700008 PM 24383450 ER PT J AU Ilsche, T Schuchart, J Cope, J Kimpe, D Jones, T Knupfer, A Iskra, K Ross, R Nagel, WE Poole, S AF Ilsche, Thomas Schuchart, Joseph Cope, Jason Kimpe, Dries Jones, Terry Knuepfer, Andreas Iskra, Kamil Ross, Robert Nagel, Wolfgang E. Poole, Stephen TI Optimizing I/O forwarding techniques for extreme-scale event tracing SO CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Event tracing; I/O forwarding; Atomic append ID PERFORMANCE AB Programming development tools are a vital component for understanding the behavior of parallel applications. Event tracing is a principal ingredient to these tools, but new and serious challenges place event tracing at risk on extreme-scale machines. As the quantity of captured events increases with concurrency, the additional data can overload the parallel file system and perturb the application being observed. In this work we present a solution for event tracing on extreme-scale machines. We enhance an I/O forwarding software layer to aggregate and reorganize log data prior to writing to the storage system, significantly reducing the burden on the underlying file system. Furthermore, we introduce a sophisticated write buffering capability to limit the impact. To validate the approach, we employ the Vampir tracing toolset using these new capabilities. Our results demonstrate that the approach increases the maximum traced application size by a factor of 5x to more than 200,000 processes. C1 [Ilsche, Thomas; Knuepfer, Andreas; Nagel, Wolfgang E.] Tech Univ Dresden ZIH, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Cope, Jason; Kimpe, Dries; Iskra, Kamil; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Schuchart, Joseph; Jones, Terry; Poole, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ilsche, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden ZIH, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. EM thomas.ilsche@tu-dresden.de; schuchartj@ornl.gov; copej@mcs.anl.gov; dkimpe@mcs.anl.gov; trj@ornl.gov; andreas.knuepfer@tu-dresden.de; iskra@mcs.anl.gov; rross@mcs.anl.gov; wolfgang.nagel@tu-dresden.de; spoole@ornl.gov OI Jones, Terry/0000-0003-2187-9707 FU DOE Office of Science; National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC05-00OR22725]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF-0937928, NSF-0724599]; German Research Foundation (DFG) in the Collaborative Research Center 912 "Highly Adaptive Energy-Efficient Computing"; ORNL; UT-Battelle FX We thank Ramanan Sankaran (ORNL) for providing a working version of S3D as well as a benchmark problem set for JaguarPF. We are grateful to Matthias Jurenz for his assistance on VampirTrace as well as Matthias Weber and Ronald Geisler for their support for Vampir. The IOFSL project is supported by the DOE Office of Science and National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory and the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC05-00OR22725, respectively. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through NSF-0937928 and NSF-0724599. This work is supported in a part by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the Collaborative Research Center 912 "Highly Adaptive Energy-Efficient Computing".; The general enhancement of the VampirTrace and Vampir tools at TU Dresden for full-size runs on large-scale HPC systems is supported with funding and cooperation by ORNL and UT-Battelle. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1386-7857 EI 1573-7543 J9 CLUSTER COMPUT JI Cluster Comput. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1007/s10586-013-0272-9 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA AD3BE UT WOS:000333111000001 ER PT J AU Wang, GC Carr, TR Ju, YW Li, CF AF Wang, Guochang Carr, Timothy R. Ju, Yiwen Li, Chaofeng TI Identifying organic-rich Marcellus Shale lithofacies by support vector machine classifier in the Appalachian basin SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Shale lithofacies; Support vector machine; Classification; Marcellus Shale ID MISSISSIPPIAN BARNETT SHALE; FORT-WORTH BASIN; NEURAL-NETWORK; PREDICTION; IDENTIFICATION; FACIES; TEXAS; LOGS; WELL AB Unconventional shale reservoirs as the result of extremely low matrix permeability, higher potential gas productivity requires not only sufficient gas-in-place, but also a high concentration of brittle minerals (silica and/or carbonate) that is amenable to hydraulic fracturing. Shale lithofacies is primarily defined by mineral composition and organic matter richness, and its representation as a 3-D model has advantages in recognizing productive zones of shale-gas reservoirs, designing horizontal wells and stimulation strategy, and aiding in understanding depositional process of organic-rich shale. A challenging and key step is to effectively recognize shale lithofacies from well conventional logs, where the relationship is very complex and nonlinear. In the recognition of shale lithofacies, the application of support vector machine (SVM), which underlies statistical learning theory and structural risk minimization principle, is superior to the traditional empirical risk minimization principle employed by artificial neural network (ANN). We propose SVM classifier combined with learning algorithms, such as grid searching, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization, and various kernel functions the approach to identify Marcellus Shale lithofacies. Compared with ANN classifiers, the experimental results of SVM classifiers showed higher cross-validation accuracy, better stability and less computational time cost. The SVM classifier with radius basis function as kernel worked best as it is trained by particle swarm optimization. The lithofacies predicted using the SVM classifier are used to build a 3-D Marcellus Shale lithofacies model, which assists in identifying higher productive zones, especially with thermal maturity and natural fractures. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Guochang; Ju, Yiwen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Earth Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Carr, Timothy R.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Carr, Timothy R.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Li, Chaofeng] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Internet Things Engn, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. RP Wang, GC (reprint author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Earth Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. EM w.guochang@gmail.com FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's Regional University Alliance (NETL-RUA); RES [DE-FE0004000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [698796867]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M520432] FX This research was supported as part of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Regional University Alliance (NETL-RUA), a collaborative initiative of the NETL, this technical effort was performed under the RES contract DE-FE0004000, and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 698796867). The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2012M520432) also funded this research. Special thanks to Energy Corporation of America, Consol Energy, EQT Production and Petroleum Develop Corporation for providing core and log data. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 EI 1873-7803 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 64 BP 52 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.12.002 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA AD4PJ UT WOS:000333232700007 ER PT J AU Fan, YY Siriwardane, R AF Fan, Yueying Siriwardane, Ranjani TI Novel New Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion of Solid Fuels SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID FLUIDIZED-BED; SYNTHESIS GAS; METAL-OXIDE; REACTOR; COAL; MN; FERRITE; SYSTEM AB Several bimetallic oxygen carriers, MFe2O4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) and MnFeO3, prepared by the precipitation method in a microwave and the direct decomposition method, were tested for potential use in the application of chemical looping combustion (CLC) of solid fuels. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study their reduction rate, oxidation rate, and cyclic reduction/oxidation properties. Comparative experimental data of novel bimetallic ferrites and pure Fe2O3 and CuO showed that all bimetallic ferrites had better reduction rates than pure Fe2O3. The Group 2 metal ferrites had better reduction and oxidation rates than transition-metal ferrites. BaFe2O4 was the highest performing among all bimetallic ferrites during both reduction and oxidation reactions. The reduction rate of BaFe2O4 is comparable to that of CuO at higher reaction temperatures (>900 degrees C). A 10 wt % loading of an inert support on the surface of the bimetallic oxygen carriers significantly decreased the particle agglomeration during the cyclic tests, which contributed to a better cyclic reaction performance. C1 [Fan, Yueying; Siriwardane, Ranjani] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Fan, Yueying] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Siriwardane, R (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd,POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM yueying.fan@contr.netl.doe.gov FU National Energy Technology Laboratory under the Research and Engineering Services (RES) [DE-FE0004000] FX This work was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the Research and Engineering Services (RES) Contract DE-FE0004000. The authors also greatly appreciate Dr. Yun Chen from West Virginia University (WVU) and James A. Poston from the National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), for help with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 2248 EP 2257 DI 10.1021/ef402528g PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AD6OR UT WOS:000333381200073 ER PT J AU Guildenbecher, DR Engvall, L Gao, J Grasser, TW Reu, PL Chen, J AF Guildenbecher, Daniel R. Engvall, Luke Gao, Jian Grasser, Thomas W. Reu, Phillip L. Chen, Jun TI Digital in-line holography to quantify secondary droplets from the impact of a single drop on a thin film SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID SIZE MEASUREMENT; DYNAMICS; BUBBLES; SURFACE AB Digital in-line holography (DIH) is an optical technique which measures particle sizes and their three-dimensional (3D) positions and velocities. Here DIH and a recently proposed hybrid method of particle detection are applied to quantify the secondary droplets generated by the impact of a single drop on a thin film. By leveraging the expected symmetry between in-plane and out-of-plane velocities, experimental depth uncertainty is measured to be approximately 0.7 of the mean droplet diameter. Furthermore, comparison with previous measurements using alternative techniques shows good agreement with the measured temporal evolution of drop number, size, and velocity components. Finally, the power of DIH to extract the complex 3D morphology of the protruding jets is demonstrated. C1 [Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Engvall, Luke; Grasser, Thomas W.; Reu, Phillip L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gao, Jian; Chen, Jun] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Guildenbecher, DR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM drguild@sandia.gov RI Gao, Jian/Q-6457-2016 OI Gao, Jian/0000-0003-3744-453X FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Bion Shelden for assistance with the initial setup and Alexander L. Brown for a thorough review of the manuscript. Both are from Sandia National Laboratories, which is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 IS 3 AR 1670 DI 10.1007/s00348-014-1670-3 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA AD4FP UT WOS:000333203600001 ER PT J AU Kastengren, A Powell, CF AF Kastengren, Alan Powell, Christopher F. TI Synchrotron X-ray techniques for fluid dynamics SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Review ID DIESEL SPRAY; FUEL SPRAYS; DEEP POOL; FLUORESCENCE; RADIOGRAPHY; FLOW; SCATTERING; RESOLUTION; VELOCIMETRY; EVOLUTION AB X-ray diagnostics have the potential for making quantitative measurements in many flowfields where optical diagnostics are challenging, especially multiphase flows. In the past, many such measurements have been taken with laboratory-scale X-ray sources. This review describes the measurements that are possible with synchrotron X-ray sources, which can provide high-flux, tunable, monochromatic X-ray beams that cannot be created with laboratory sources. The relevant properties of X-rays and their interactions with matter are described. The types and capabilities of various X-ray optics and sources are discussed. Finally, four major X-ray diagnostics are described in detail. X-ray radiography provides quantitative measurements of density in variable-density flows. X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to visualize multiphase flows with high spatial and temporal resolution. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy shows significant promise to study mixing in single-phase and multiphase flows. Small-angle X-ray scattering is a powerful technique to examine small-scale particles in flows. C1 [Kastengren, Alan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Powell, Christopher F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kastengren, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM akastengren@anl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US DOE Vehicle Technologies Office and its Advanced Combustion Engine program FX This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, as well as the US DOE Vehicle Technologies Office and its Advanced Combustion Engine program. NR 69 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 EI 1432-1114 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 IS 3 AR 1686 DI 10.1007/s00348-014-1686-8 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA AD4FP UT WOS:000333203600006 ER PT J AU Kreuzer, HW Hill, EA Moran, JJ Bartholomew, RA Yang, H Hegg, EL AF Kreuzer, Helen W. Hill, Eric. A. Moran, James J. Bartholomew, Rachel A. Yang, Hui Hegg, Eric L. TI Contributions of the [ NiFe]-and [ FeFe]-hydrogenase to H2 production in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 as revealed by isotope ratio analysis of evolved H-2 SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE stable isotope; bacteria; metabolism; anaerobic; enzyme; metabolic pathway ID FRACTIONATION FACTOR; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; REDUCTION; HYDROGENASES; CARBON; IRON(III); SEQUENCE; METHANE AB Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 encodes both a [NiFe]- and an [FeFe]-hydrogenase. While the output of these proteins has been characterized in mutant strains expressing only one of the enzymes, the contribution of each to H-2 synthesis in the wild-type organism is not clear. Here, we use stable isotope analysis of H-2 in the culture headspace, along with transcription data and measurements of the concentrations of gases in the headspace, to characterize H-2 production in the wild-type strain. After most of the O-2 in the headspace had been consumed, H-2 was produced and then consumed by the bidirectional [NiFe]-hydrogenase. Once the cultures were completely anaerobic, a new burst of H-2 synthesis catalyzed by both enzymes took place. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that at this point in the culture cycle, a pool of electrons is shunted toward both hydrogenases in the wild-type organisms, but that in the absence of one of the hydrogenases, the flux is redirected to the available enzyme. To our knowledge, this is the first use of natural-abundance stable isotope analysis of a metabolic product to elucidate substrate flux through two alternative enzymes in the same cellular system. C1 [Kreuzer, Helen W.; Hill, Eric. A.; Moran, James J.; Bartholomew, Rachel A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Yang, Hui; Hegg, Eric L.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kreuzer, HW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM helen.kreuzer@pnnl.gov OI Moran, James/0000-0001-9081-9017 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), as part of BER's Genomic Science Program (GSP) FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), as part of BER's Genomic Science Program (GSP). We thank Samantha Reed for her generous gift of the S. oneidensis strains used in these studies, and we thank Li Zhang for technical assistance. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0378-1097 EI 1574-6968 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 352 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1111/1574-6968.12361 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC2PO UT WOS:000332345400003 PM 24372594 ER PT J AU Baughman, AK Chuang, W Dixon, KR Benz, Z Basilico, J AF Baughman, Aaron K. Chuang, Wesley Dixon, Kevin R. Benz, Zachary Basilico, Justin TI DeepQA Jeopardy! Gamification: A Machine-Learning Perspective SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND AI IN GAMES LA English DT Article DE Gamification; machine learning; natural language processing (NLP); pattern recognition AB DeepQA is a large-scale natural language processing (NLP) question-and-answer system that responds across a breadth of structured and unstructured data, from hundreds of analytics that are combined with over 50 models, trained through machine learning. After the 2011 historic milestone of defeating the two best human players in the Jeopardy! game show, the technology behind IBM Watson, DeepQA, is undergoing gamification into real-world business problems. Gamifying a business domain for Watson is a composite of functional, content, and training adaptation for nongame play. During domain gamification for medical, financial, government, or any other business, each system change affects the machine-learning process. As opposed to the original Watson Jeopardy!, whose class distribution of positive-to-negative labels is 1:100, in adaptation the computed training instances, question-and-answer pairs transformed into true-false labels, result in a very low positive-to-negative ratio of 1:100 000. Such initial extreme class imbalance during domain gamification poses a big challenge for the Watson machine-learning pipelines. The combination of ingested corpus sets, question-and-answer pairs, configuration settings, and NLP algorithms contribute toward the challenging data state. We propose several data engineering techniques, such as answer key vetting and expansion, source ingestion, oversampling classes, and question set modifications to increase the computed true labels. In addition, algorithm engineering, such as an implementation of the Newton-Raphson logistic regression with a regularization term, relaxes the constraints of class imbalance during training adaptation. We conclude by empirically demonstrating that data and algorithm engineering are complementary and indispensable to overcome the challenges in this first Watson gamification for real-world business problems. C1 [Baughman, Aaron K.] IBM Special Events, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. [Chuang, Wesley] IBM Res Grp, Chantilly, VA 22182 USA. [Dixon, Kevin R.; Benz, Zachary] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Basilico, Justin] Netflix Inc, Los Gatos, CA 95032 USA. RP Baughman, AK (reprint author), IBM Special Events, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. EM baaron@us.ibm.com; chuangwe@us.ibm.com; krdixon@sandia.gov; zobenz@sandia.gov; jbasilico@netflix.com FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [E-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND Number: 2012-10343J. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 69 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1943-068X EI 1943-0698 J9 IEEE T COMP INTEL AI JI IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1109/TCIAIG.2013.2285651 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA AD3CL UT WOS:000333115100005 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Yue, M Muljadi, E Gao, WZ AF Wang, Xiaoyu Yue, Meng Muljadi, Eduard Gao, Wenzhong TI Probabilistic Approach for Power Capacity Specification of Wind Energy Storage Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Battery energy storage system (BESS); hybrid energy storage system (HESS); nonparametric probability density estimation; supercapacitor; wind power fluctuation ID OPTIMIZATION; GENERATION AB To accommodate the wind power fluctuations, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of a battery energy storage system (BESS) and a supercapacitor is evaluated in this paper. A probabilistic approach for economically determining the power capacity specification for the HESS is proposed. This method would allow the capacities of the BESS and the supercapacitor to be properly designed to optimize the characteristics of high energy density of the BESS and high power density of the supercapacitor. Results show that the supercapacitor within the HESS helps to process the high frequency fluctuations, which contributes to the extension of the BESS lifetime. In addition, the supercapacitor helps to address the peaks in wind power fluctuations without the severe penalty of round-trip losses associated with a BESS. The proposed approach has been simulated using real wind data from an existing wind power plant in Iowa. C1 [Wang, Xiaoyu; Yue, Meng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Muljadi, Eduard] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Gao, Wenzhong] Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. RP Wang, XY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM xywang@bnl.gov; yuemeng@bnl.gov; Eduard.muljadi@nrel.gov; wenzhong.gao@du.edu NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-9994 EI 1939-9367 J9 IEEE T IND APPL JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 50 IS 2 BP 1215 EP 1224 DI 10.1109/TIA.2013.2272753 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AD5OY UT WOS:000333304000028 ER PT J AU Cabelli, D AF Cabelli, Diane TI Probing Superoxide Dismutases through Radiation Chemistry SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE copper; manganese superoxide dismutase; pulse radiolysis; superoxide; zinc superoxide dismutase ID PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; ACTIVE-SITE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; PRODUCT INHIBITION; MANGANESE; ZINC; COPPER; ARGININE AB Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that likely evolved to remove superoxide (O-2(.-)) from cells. These enzymes span a range of three uniquely different protein structures and four different metals to enable a similar overall chemistry, the catalytic and accelerated conversion of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide dismutases have the attractive feature that the substrate (O-2(.-)) for the catalytic reaction is easily generated using radiation chemistry, allowing the ability to follow catalysis on a fast time scale under a wide variety of conditions. This review will show how the utility of radiation chemistry was realized and enabled mechanistic understanding immediately upon discovery of these enzymes. It will then highlight some applications of pulse radiolysis, carried out in this laboratory, that illustrate mechanistic details of the enzyme function for a variety of wild-type and mutant superoxide dismutases. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cabelli, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Cabelli@bnl.gov FU US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The author would like to recognize the seminal contributions of all of her collaborators referenced here. The work at Brookhaven was supported by the US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences under contracts No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0021-2148 EI 1869-5868 J9 ISR J CHEM JI Isr. J. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 SI SI BP 272 EP 278 DI 10.1002/ijch.201300120 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AD4DN UT WOS:000333197200007 ER PT J AU Schneewind, O Missiakas, D AF Schneewind, Olaf Missiakas, Dominique TI Lipoteichoic Acids, Phosphate-Containing Polymers in the Envelope of Gram-Positive Bacteria SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID WALL TEICHOIC-ACID; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS 168; ALANINE ESTER SUBSTITUTION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS H; CELL-WALL; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; C-POLYSACCHARIDE; LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; DLT OPERON; HETEROPHILE ANTIGEN AB Lipoteichoic acids (LTA) are polymers of alternating units of a polyhydroxy alkane, including glycerol and ribitol, and phosphoric acid, joined to form phosphodiester units that are found in the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria. Here we review four different types of LTA that can be distinguished on the basis of their chemical structure and describe recent advances in the biosynthesis pathway for type I LTA, D-alanylated polyglycerol-phosphate linked to di-glucosyl-diacylglycerol. The physiological functions of type I LTA are discussed in the context of inhibitors that block their synthesis and of mutants with discrete synthesis defects. Research on LTA structure and function represents a large frontier that has been investigated in only few Gram-positive bacteria. C1 [Missiakas, Dominique] Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Missiakas, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA. EM dmissiak@bsd.uchicago.edu FU Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (NIH) [1-U54-AI-057153] FX Research on LTA synthesis and inhibition in the laboratories of O.S. and D.M. is supported by the Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (NIH Award 1-U54-AI-057153). NR 137 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 EI 1098-5530 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 196 IS 6 BP 1133 EP 1142 DI 10.1128/JB.01155-13 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC6JO UT WOS:000332628700001 PM 24415723 ER PT J AU Tam, C Demke, O Hermanas, T Mitchell, A Hendrickx, APA Schneewind, O AF Tam, Christina Demke, Owen Hermanas, Timothy Mitchell, Anthony Hendrickx, Antoni P. A. Schneewind, Olaf TI YfbA, a Yersinia pestis Regulator Required for Colonization and Biofilm Formation in the Gut of Cat Fleas SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; PLAGUE-ENDEMIC REGION; CTENOCEPHALIDES-FELIS; BORNE TRANSMISSION; DIGUANYLATE CYCLASE; IDENTIFICATION; VECTOR; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; PROTEINS AB For transmission to new hosts, Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, replicates as biofilm in the foregut of fleas that feed on plague-infected animals or humans. Y. pestis biofilm formation has been studied in the rat flea; however, little is known about the cat flea, a species that may bridge zoonotic and anthroponotic plague cycles. Here, we show that Y. pestis infects and replicates as a biofilm in the foregut of cat fleas in a manner requiring hmsFR, two determinants for extracellular biofilm matrix. Examining a library of transposon insertion mutants, we identified the LysR-type transcriptional regulator YfbA, which is essential for Y. pestis colonization and biofilm formation in cat fleas. C1 [Schneewind, Olaf] Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Schneewind, O (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA. EM oschnee@bsd.uchicago.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [U19 AI107792, RO1AI042797]; Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (NIH) [1-U54-AI-057153] FX This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under grant/contract no. U19 AI107792 and RO1AI042797. We acknowledge membership of and support from the Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (NIH award 1-U54-AI-057153). NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 EI 1098-5530 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 196 IS 6 BP 1165 EP 1173 DI 10.1128/JB.01187-13 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AC6JO UT WOS:000332628700004 PM 24391055 ER PT J AU Martin-Diaconescu, V Serena, D Gennari, M Gerey, B Duboc, C Collomb, M Tsui, E Kanady, J Agapie, T Tran, R Yano, J Pecaut, J AF Martin-Diaconescu, V. Serena, D. Gennari, M. Gerey, B. Duboc, C. Collomb, M. Tsui, E. Kanady, J. Agapie, T. Tran, R. Yano, J. Pecaut, J. TI Application of X-ray Absorption (XAS) and Emission (XES) Spectroscopies to the Calcium Centers of PSII Oxygen Evolving Complex Structural Analogs SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 16th International Conference on Biological Inorganic Chemistry (ICBIC) CY JUL 22-26, 2013 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP Int Organizing Comm, Natl Organizing Comm, SBIC, Veolia Environm, Arcane, Grenoble Innovat Adv New Technologies, LOREAL, Soc Chimique France, CEA, Life Sci Div, SHIMADZU, High Tech Mat, CEA, Div Matter Sci, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Univ Joseph Fourier, Springer, CNRS, Euriso Top, Int Union Crystallog, Dominique Dutscher, ROTH, Sci Comp & Modeling, Bruker C1 [Martin-Diaconescu, V.; Serena, D.] Max Planck Inst Chem Energy Convers, Mulheim, Nrw, Germany. [Gennari, M.; Gerey, B.; Duboc, C.; Collomb, M.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Dept Chim Mol, Grenoble, France. [Tsui, E.; Kanady, J.; Agapie, T.] CALTECH, Dept Chem, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Tran, R.; Yano, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkley, KS USA. [Pecaut, J.] Lab Reconnaissance Ion & Chim Coordinat, Grenoble, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 EI 1432-1327 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 1719403 BP S498 EP S498 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AC9DU UT WOS:000332835300436 ER PT J AU Shaw, W AF Shaw, W. TI Proton Channels for Hydrogenase Mimics SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 16th International Conference on Biological Inorganic Chemistry (ICBIC) CY JUL 22-26, 2013 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP Int Organizing Comm, Natl Organizing Comm, SBIC, Veolia Environm, Arcane, Grenoble Innovat Adv New Technologies, LOREAL, Soc Chimique France, CEA, Life Sci Div, SHIMADZU, High Tech Mat, CEA, Div Matter Sci, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Univ Joseph Fourier, Springer, CNRS, Euriso Top, Int Union Crystallog, Dominique Dutscher, ROTH, Sci Comp & Modeling, Bruker C1 [Shaw, W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 EI 1432-1327 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 1735108 BP S574 EP S574 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AC9DU UT WOS:000332835300511 ER PT J AU Shaw, W Reback, M Ginovska-Pangovska, B Roberts, J Raugei, S Jain, A AF Shaw, W. Reback, M. Ginovska-Pangovska, B. Roberts, J. Raugei, S. Jain, A. TI Controlling Molecular Catalysts with a Peptide-Based Outer Coordination Sphere SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 16th International Conference on Biological Inorganic Chemistry (ICBIC) CY JUL 22-26, 2013 CL Grenoble, FRANCE SP Int Organizing Comm, Natl Organizing Comm, SBIC, Veolia Environm, Arcane, Grenoble Innovat Adv New Technologies, LOREAL, Soc Chimique France, CEA, Life Sci Div, SHIMADZU, High Tech Mat, CEA, Div Matter Sci, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Univ Joseph Fourier, Springer, CNRS, Euriso Top, Int Union Crystallog, Dominique Dutscher, ROTH, Sci Comp & Modeling, Bruker C1 [Shaw, W.; Reback, M.; Ginovska-Pangovska, B.; Roberts, J.; Raugei, S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Jain, A.] Indiana Univ Penn, Indiana, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-8257 EI 1432-1327 J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 19 SU 1 MA 1711153 BP S158 EP S158 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AC9DU UT WOS:000332835300101 ER PT J AU Leang, SS Rendell, AP Gordon, MS AF Leang, Sarom S. Rendell, Alistair P. Gordon, Mark S. TI Quantum Chemical Calculations Using Accelerators: Migrating Matrix Operations to the NVIDIA Kepler GPU and the Intel Xeon Phi SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID GRAPHICAL PROCESSING UNITS; CHEMISTRY; SIMULATIONS AB Increasingly, modern computer systems comprise a multicore general-purpose processor augmented with a number of special purpose devices or accelerators connected via an external interface such as a PCI bus. The NVIDIA Kepler Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) and the Intel Phi are two examples of such accelerators. Accelerators offer peak performances that can be well above those of the host processor. How to exploit this heterogeneous environment for legacy application codes is not, however, straightforward. This paper considers how matrix operations in typical quantum chemical calculations can be migrated to the GPU and Phi systems. Double precision general matrix multiply operations are endemic in electronic structure calculations, especially methods that include electron correlation, such as density functional theory, second order perturbation theory, and coupled cluster theory. The use of approaches that automatically determine whether to use the host or an accelerator, based on problem size, is explored, with computations that are occurring on the accelerator and/or the host. For data-transfers over PCI-e, the GPU provides the best overall performance for data sizes up to 4096 MB with consistent upload and download rates between 5-5.6 GB/s and 5.4-6.3 GB/s, respectively. The GPU outperforms the Phi for both square and nonsquare matrix multiplications. C1 [Rendell, Alistair P.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Comp Sci, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia. [Leang, Sarom S.; Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Leang, Sarom S.; Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gordon, MS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mark@si.msg.chem.iastate.edu FU National Science Foundation; Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0476]; National Science Foundation MRI award FX This material is based upon work supported in part by a National Science Foundation SI2 grant and in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award No. FA9550-12-1-0476. The computations performed for this work were done on the Iowa State University Cyence computer, provided by a National Science Foundation MRI award. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 908 EP 912 DI 10.1021/ct4010596 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AD0GW UT WOS:000332913500003 PM 26580169 ER PT J AU Berardo, E Hu, HS Shevlin, SA Woodley, SM Kowalski, K Zwijnenburg, MA AF Berardo, Enrico Hu, Han-Shi Shevlin, Stephen A. Woodley, Scott M. Kowalski, Karol Zwijnenburg, Martijn A. TI Modeling Excited States in TiO2 Nanoparticles: On the Accuracy of a TD-DFT Based Description SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID (TIO2)(N) CLUSTERS N=1-10; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; QUANTUM DOTS; ANATASE TIO2; BASIS-SETS; SIZE; WATER; OXIDE; NANOSTRUCTURES AB We have investigated the suitability of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) to describe vertical low-energy excitations in naked and hydrated titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Specifically, we compared TD-DFT results obtained using different exchange-correlation (XC) potentials with those calculated using Equation-of-Motion Coupled Cluster (EOM-CC) quantum chemistry methods. We demonstrate that TD-DFT calculations with commonly used XC potentials (e.g., B3LYP) and EOM-CC methods give qualitatively similar results for most TiO2 nanoparticles investigated. More importantly, however, we also show that, for a significant subset of structures, TD-DFT gives qualitatively different results depending upon the XC potential used and that only TD-CAM-B3LYP and TD-BHLYP calculations yield results that are consistent with those obtained using EOM-CC theory. Moreover, we demonstrate that the discrepancies for such structures originate from a particular Combination of defects that give rise to charge-transfer excitations, which are poorly described by XC potentials that do not contain sufficient Hartree-Fock like exchange. Finally, we consider that such defects are readily healed in the presence of ubiquitously present water and that, as a result, the description of vertical low-energy excitations for hydrated TiO2 nanoparticles is nonproblematic. C1 [Berardo, Enrico; Shevlin, Stephen A.; Woodley, Scott M.; Zwijnenburg, Martijn A.] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. [Hu, Han-Shi; Kowalski, Karol] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zwijnenburg, MA (reprint author), UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England. EM m.zwijnenburg@ucl.ac.uk RI Berardo, Enrico/F-2180-2013; Shevlin, Stephen/G-9269-2011; Woodley, Scott/B-6817-2012; Berardo, Enrico/D-1874-2017 OI Shevlin, Stephen/0000-0001-5896-0301; Woodley, Scott/0000-0003-3418-9043; Berardo, Enrico/0000-0003-3979-2247 FU UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/I004424/1]; UCL Impact studentship; IRIDIS regional high-performance computing service; e-Infrastructure South Centre for Innovation (EPSRC) [EP/K000144/1, EP/K000136/1]; EPSRC [EP/F067496/1, EP/L000202/1]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute [DEAC06.76RLO-1830] FX We kindly acknowledge Prof S. T. Bromley, Dr. M. Calatayud, Dr. A. Kerridge, Prof A Shluger, Dr. A. A. Sokol, and Dr. C. Sousa for stimulating discussions. M.A.Z. acluiowledges the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for a Career Acceleration Fellowship (Grant EP/I004424/1). This study has further been supported by a UCL Impact studentship award to E.B. Computational time on the computers of the Unity High Performance Computing Facility at University College London, the IRIDIS regional high-performance computing service provided by the e-Infrastructure South Centre for Innovation (EPSRC Grants EP/K000144/1 and EP/K000136/1) and on HECToR, the U.K's national high-performance computing service (via our membership in the UK's HPC Materials Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC grants EP/F067496/1 and EP/L000202/1), is gratefully acknowledged. A significant portion of the research was also performed using PNNL Institutional Computing at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DEAC06.76RLO-1830. NR 74 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1189 EP 1199 DI 10.1021/ct4010273 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AD0GW UT WOS:000332913500028 ER PT J AU Senecal, PK Pomraning, E Richards, KJ Som, S AF Senecal, P. K. Pomraning, E. Richards, K. J. Som, S. TI Grid-Convergent Spray Models for Internal Combustion Engine Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A state-of-the-art spray modeling methodology is presented. Key features of the methodology, such as adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), advanced liquid-gas momentum coupling, and improved distribution of the liquid phase, are described. The ability of this approach to use cell sizes much smaller than the nozzle diameter is demonstrated. Grid convergence of key parameters is verified for nonevaporating, evaporating, and reacting spray cases using cell sizes down to 1/32 mm. Grid settings are recommended that optimize the accuracy/runtime tradeoff for RANS-based spray simulations. C1 [Senecal, P. K.; Pomraning, E.; Richards, K. J.] Convergent Sci Inc, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Som, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Senecal, PK (reprint author), Convergent Sci Inc, 6405 Century Ave,Suite 102, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM senecal@convergecfd.com FU Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The submitted manuscript has been created in collaboration with UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0195-0738 J9 J ENERG RESOUR-ASME JI J. Energy Resour. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2014 VL 136 IS 1 AR 012204 DI 10.1115/1.4024861 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA AD2CW UT WOS:000333041700015 ER PT J AU Joumaa, H Ostoja-Starzewski, M Demmie, P AF Joumaa, Hady Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin Demmie, Paul TI Elastodynamics in micropolar fractal solids SO MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Elastodynamics; fractal solid; micropolar elasticity ID MEDIA; EQUATIONS AB This research explores elastodynamics and wave propagation in fractal micropolar solid media. Such media incorporate a fractal geometry while being modelled constitutively by the Cosserat elasticity. The formulation of the balance laws which govern the mechanics of fractal micropolar solid media is presented. Four eigenvalue-type elastodynamic problems admitting closed-form analytical solutions are introduced and discussed. A numerical procedure to solve general initial boundary value wave propagation problems in three-dimensional micropolar bodies exhibiting geometric fractality is then applied. Verification of the numerical procedure is discussed using the analytical solutions. C1 [Joumaa, Hady; Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Demmie, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Joumaa, H (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, 1206 W Green St 244, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM hjoumaa2@illinois.edu OI Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin/0000-0002-3493-363X FU Sandia-DTRA [HDTRA1-08-10-BRCWMD]; NSF [CMMI-1030940]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by Sandia-DTRA (grant number HDTRA1-08-10-BRCWMD) and the NSF (grant number CMMI-1030940). Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1081-2865 EI 1741-3028 J9 MATH MECH SOLIDS JI Math. Mech. Solids PD MAR PY 2014 VL 19 IS 2 BP 117 EP 134 DI 10.1177/1081286512454557 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mathematics; Mechanics GA AD4QR UT WOS:000333236100001 ER PT J AU Brennecka, GA Borg, LE Wadhwa, M AF Brennecka, G. A. Borg, L. E. Wadhwa, M. TI Insights into the Martian mantle: The age and isotopics of the meteorite fall Tissint SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIATION HISTORY; MARS; SYSTEMATICS; CHRONOLOGY; LAUNCH; EJECTA; YOUNG AB The recent witnessed fall of the meteorite Tissint represents the delivery of a pristine new sample from the surface of Mars. This meteorite provides an unprecedented opportunity to study a variety of aspects about the planet's evolution. Using the Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic systems, we determined that Tissint, a depleted shergottite, has a crystallization age of 574 +/- 20Ma, an initial epsilon Nd-143=+42.2 +/- 0.5, and an initial Sr-87/Sr-86=0.700760 +/- 11. These initial Nd and Sr isotopic compositions suggest that Tissint originated from a mantle source on Marsthat is distinct from the source reservoirs of the other Martian meteorites. The known crystallization ages, geochemical characteristics, ejection ages, and ejection dynamics of Tissint and other similarly grouped Martian meteorites suggest that they are likely derived from a source crater up to approximately 90km in diameter with an age of approximately 1Ma that is located on terrain that is approximately 600 million years old. C1 [Brennecka, G. A.; Borg, L. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wadhwa, M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 84550 USA. RP Brennecka, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM brennecka2@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA Cosmochemistry grants [NNH08ZDA001N, NNX11AK75G] FX The authors would like to thank H. McSween and J. Bridges for helpful reviews that improved the manuscript. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC52-07NA27344. The portions of the work performed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Arizona State University were supported by NASA Cosmochemistry grants NNH08ZDA001N (to LB) and NNX11AK75G (to MW), respectively. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 412 EP 418 DI 10.1111/maps.12258 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AD4WJ UT WOS:000333251800008 ER PT J AU Heck, PR Stadermann, FJ Isheim, D Auciello, O Daulton, TL Davis, AM Elam, JW Floss, C Hiller, J Larson, DJ Lewis, JB Mane, A Pellin, MJ Savina, MR Seidman, DN Stephan, T AF Heck, Philipp R. Stadermann, Frank J. Isheim, Dieter Auciello, Orlando Daulton, Tyrone L. Davis, Andrew M. Elam, Jeffrey W. Floss, Christine Hiller, Jon Larson, David J. Lewis, Josiah B. Mane, Anil Pellin, Michael J. Savina, Michael R. Seidman, David N. Stephan, Thomas TI Atom-probe analyses of nanodiamonds from Allende SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIELD-ION MICROSCOPE; INTERSTELLAR DIAMONDS; PRESOLAR DIAMONDS; SOLAR-SYSTEM; TOMOGRAPHY; METEORITES; CARBON; NITROGEN; ISOTOPE; EVAPORATION AB Atom-probe tomography (APT) is currently the only analytical technique that, due to its spatial resolution and detection efficiency, has the potential to measure the carbon isotope ratios of individual nanodiamonds. We describe three different sample preparation protocols that we developed for the APT analysis of meteoritic nanodiamonds at sub-nm resolution and present carbon isotope peak ratios of meteoritic and synthetic nanodiamonds. The results demonstrate an instrumental bias associated with APT that needs to be quantified and corrected to obtain accurate isotope ratios. After this correction is applied, this technique should allow determination of the distribution of C-12/C-13 ratios in individual diamond grains, solving the decades-old question of the origin of meteoritic nanodiamonds: what fraction, if any, formed in the solar system and in presolar environments? Furthermore, APT could help us identify the stellar sources of any presolar nanodiamonds that are detected. C1 [Heck, Philipp R.; Davis, Andrew M.; Stephan, Thomas] Field Museum Nat Hist, Robert A Pritzker Ctr Meteorit & Polar Studies, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Heck, Philipp R.; Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.; Savina, Michael R.; Stephan, Thomas] Univ Chicago, Chicago Ctr Cosmochem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Stadermann, Frank J.; Floss, Christine; Lewis, Josiah B.] Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO USA. [Stadermann, Frank J.; Daulton, Tyrone L.; Floss, Christine; Lewis, Josiah B.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Isheim, Dieter; Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Atom Probe Tomog, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Auciello, Orlando; Hiller, Jon; Pellin, Michael J.; Savina, Michael R.; Stephan, Thomas] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Auciello, Orlando] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Auciello, Orlando] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Bioengn, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Daulton, Tyrone L.] Washington Univ, Ctr Mat Innovat, St Louis, MO USA. [Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.; Stephan, Thomas] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Elam, Jeffrey W.; Mane, Anil] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Larson, David J.] Cameca Instruments Inc, Madison, WI USA. RP Heck, PR (reprint author), Field Museum Nat Hist, Robert A Pritzker Ctr Meteorit & Polar Studies, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. EM prheck@fieldmuseum.org RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; Seidman, David/B-6697-2009 OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768; FU NASA grants [NNX09AC28G, NNX13AF53G, NNX09AG39G, NNX11AG77G]; Tawani Foundation; US Department of Energy, Office of Science Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF-MRI [DMR-0420532]; ONR-DURIP [N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781]; National Science Foundation's MRSEC program [DMR-1121262] FX We thank R. S. Lewis for providing the Allende nanodiamond sample, K. Knight for the detonation diamonds, J. Pearson for sputter coating, and D. Schreiber for helpful discussions. We are grateful to I. Lyon, L. Nittler, and J. Matsuda for careful and constructive reviews, which significantly improved this article. This study is supported by NASA grants NNX09AC28G and NNX13AF53G (C.F.), NNX09AG39G (A.M.D. and T.S.), NNX11AG77G (P.R.H.), and by the Tawani Foundation. Atomic layer deposition, UNCD film growth, and some of the FIB microscope work were performed at Argonne National Laboratory. Assistance with UNCD film growth and APT analysis was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (M.R.S., M.J.P, O.A.). The NUCAPT LEAP was purchased and upgraded with funding from NSF-MRI (DMR-0420532) and ONR-DURIP (N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781) grants. This study was also supported by the National Science Foundation's MRSEC program (DMR-1121262) and made use of its Shared Facilities at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. We also gratefully acknowledge the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN) for grants to upgrade the capabilities of NUCAPT. NR 52 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 49 IS 3 BP 453 EP 467 DI 10.1111/maps.12265 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AD4WJ UT WOS:000333251800010 ER PT J AU Anderson, L Aubourg, E Bailey, S Beutler, F Bolton, AS Brinkmann, J Brownstein, JR Chuang, CH Cuesta, AJ Dawson, KS Eisenstein, DJ Ho, S Honscheid, K Kazin, EA Kirkby, D Manera, M McBride, CK Mena, O Nichol, RC Olmstead, MD Padmanabhan, N Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Ross, AJ Ross, NP Sanchez, AG Samushia, L Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Seo, HJ Strauss, MA Thomas, D Tinker, JL Tojeiro, R Verde, L Wake, D Weinberg, DH Xu, XY Yeche, C AF Anderson, Lauren Aubourg, Eric Bailey, Stephen Beutler, Florian Bolton, Adam S. Brinkmann, J. Brownstein, Joel R. Chuang, Chia-Hsun Cuesta, Antonio J. Dawson, Kyle S. Eisenstein, Daniel J. Ho, Shirley Honscheid, Klaus Kazin, Eyal A. Kirkby, David Manera, Marc McBride, Cameron K. Mena, O. Nichol, Robert C. Olmstead, Matthew D. Padmanabhan, Nikhil Palanque-Delabrouille, N. Percival, Will J. Prada, Francisco Ross, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Sanchez, Ariel G. Samushia, Lado Schlegel, David J. Schneider, Donald P. Seo, Hee-Jong Strauss, Michael A. Thomas, Daniel Tinker, Jeremy L. Tojeiro, Rita Verde, Licia Wake, David Weinberg, David H. Xu, Xiaoying Yeche, Christophe TI The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: measuring D-A and H at z=0.57 from the baryon acoustic peak in the Data Release 9 spectroscopic Galaxy sample SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; dark energy; distance scale; large scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; POWER-SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; PROBING DARK ENERGY; SURVEY IMAGING DATA; CENT DISTANCE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; REDSHIFT SURVEYS; FLUCTUATIONS AB We present measurements of the angular diameter distance to and Hubble parameter at z = 0.57 from the measurement of the baryon acoustic peak in the correlation of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. Our analysis is based on a sample from Data Release 9 of 264 283 galaxies over 3275 square degrees in the redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.70. We use two different methods to provide robust measurement of the acoustic peak position across and along the line of sight in order to measure the cosmological distance scale. We find D-A(0.57) = 1408 +/- 45 Mpc and H(0.57) = 92.9 +/- 7.8 km s(-1) Mpc(-1) for our fiducial value of the sound horizon. These results from the anisotropic fitting are fully consistent with the analysis of the spherically averaged acoustic peak position presented in Anderson et al. Our distance measurements are a close match to the predictions of the standard cosmological model featuring a cosmological constant and zero spatial curvature. C1 [Anderson, Lauren] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Aubourg, Eric] Univ Paris Diderot, APC, CNRS IN2P3, CEA Irfu,Obs Paris, Sorbonne Paris, France. [Bailey, Stephen; Beutler, Florian; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.; Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Olmstead, Matthew D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Brinkmann, J.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Prada, Francisco] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Cuesta, Antonio J.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ho, Shirley; Xu, Xiaoying] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dawson, Kyle S.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Kirkby, David] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Manera, Marc; Nichol, Robert C.; Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Mena, O.] IFIC CSIC UV, Valencia, Spain. [Palanque-Delabrouille, N.; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Prada, Francisco] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Prada, Francisco] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Tinker, Jeremy L.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Verde, Licia] ICREA, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Verde, Licia] ICC Univ Barcelona IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Wake, David] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Anderson, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM djschlegel@lbl.gov RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014 OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington and Yale University. NR 93 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 439 IS 1 BP 83 EP 101 DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2206 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AD5MR UT WOS:000333297700026 ER PT J AU Sadowski, A Narayan, R McKinney, JC Tchekhovskoy, A AF Sadowski, Aleksander Narayan, Ramesh McKinney, Jonathan C. Tchekhovskoy, Alexander TI Numerical simulations of super-critical black hole accretion flows in general relativity SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; relativistic processes; methods: numerical; galaxies: jets ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; RADIATION-MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT; ULTRA-FAST OUTFLOWS; 2 DIMENSIONS; DISKS; DISCS; SCHEME AB A new general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamical code KORAL is described, which employs the M1 scheme to close the radiation moment equations. The code has been successfully verified against a number of tests. Axisymmetric simulations of super-critical magnetized accretion on non-rotating (a(*) = 0.0) and spinning (a(*) = 0.9) black holes are presented. The accretion rates in the two models are (M) over dot approximate to 100-200 (M) over dot(Edd). These first general relativistic simulations of super-critical black hole accretion are potentially relevant to tidal disruption events and hyper-accreting supermassive black holes in the early Universe. Both simulated models are optically and geometrically thick, and have funnels through which energy escapes in the form of relativistic gas, Poynting flux and radiative flux. The jet is significantly more powerful in the a(*) = 0.9 run. The net energy outflow rate in the two runs correspond to efficiencies of 5 per cent (a(*) = 0) and 33 per cent (a(*) = 0.9), as measured with respect to the mass accretion rate at the black hole. These efficiencies agree well with those measured in previous simulations of non-radiative geometrically thick discs. Furthermore, in the a(*) = 0.9 run, the outflow power appears to originate in the spinning black hole, suggesting that the associated physics is again similar in non-radiative and super-critical accretion flows. While the two simulations are efficient in terms of total energy outflow, both runs are radiatively inefficient. Their luminosities are only similar to 1-10L(Edd), which corresponds to a radiative efficiency similar to 0.1 per cent. Interestingly, most of the radiative luminosity emerges through the funnels where the local radiative flux is highly super-Eddington. C1 [Sadowski, Aleksander; Narayan, Ramesh] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02134 USA. [McKinney, Jonathan C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Tchekhovskoy, Alexander] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sadowski, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02134 USA. EM asadowski@cfa.harvard.edu OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU NSF [AST1312651]; NASA [NNX11AE16G]; NSF via XSEDE resources [TG-AST080026N, TG-AST100040]; NASA via the High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center FX We thank Juri Poutanen and Ken Ohsuga for useful comments. RN and AS were supported in part by NSF grant AST1312651 and NASA grant NNX11AE16G. We also acknowledge computational support from NSF via XSEDE resources (grant TG-AST080026N to RN and AS, and grant TG-AST100040 to AT), and from NASA (to RN and AS) via the High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. NR 76 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 439 IS 1 BP 503 EP 520 DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2479 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AD5MR UT WOS:000333297700054 ER PT J AU Zarzycki, CM Jablonowski, C Taylor, MA AF Zarzycki, Colin M. Jablonowski, Christiane Taylor, Mark A. TI Using Variable-Resolution Meshes to Model Tropical Cyclones in the Community Atmosphere Model SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Model evaluation/performance; Multigrid models; Numerical analysis/modeling; General circulation models; Tropical cyclones ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; AQUAPLANET SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICAL CORE; CLIMATE; GRIDS; SPHERE; AGCMS; GCM AB A statically nested, variable-mesh option has recently been introduced into the Community Atmosphere Model's (CAM's) Spectral Element (SE) dynamical core that has become the default in CAM version 5.3. This paper presents a series of tests of increasing complexity that highlight the use of variable-resolution grids in CAM-SE to improve tropical cyclone representation by dynamically resolving storms without requiring the computational demand of a global high-resolution grid. As a simplified initial test, a dry vortex is advected through grid transition regions in variable-resolution meshes on an irrotational planet with the CAM subgrid parameterization package turned off. Vortex structure and intensity is only affected by grid resolution and no spurious artifacts are observed. CAM-SE model simulations using an idealized tropical cyclone test case on an aquaplanet show no numerical distortion or wave reflection when the cyclone interacts with an abrupt transition region. Using the same test case, the authors demonstrate that a regionally refined mesh with significantly fewer degrees of freedom can produce the same local results as a globally uniform grid. Additionally, the authors discuss a more complex aquaplanet experiment with meridionally varying sea surface temperatures that reproduces a quasi-realistic global climate. Tropical cyclogenesis is facilitated without the need for vortex bogusing in a high-resolution patch embedded within a global grid that is otherwise too coarse to resolve realistic tropical cyclones in CAM. C1 [Zarzycki, Colin M.; Jablonowski, Christiane] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Taylor, Mark A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zarzycki, CM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM zarzycki@umich.edu RI Jablonowski, Christiane/I-9068-2012; Zarzycki, Colin/E-5691-2014 OI Jablonowski, Christiane/0000-0003-0407-0092; FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0003990, DE-SC0006684]; Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research [11-014996]; National Science Foundation; University of Michigan's Center for Advanced Computing at the College of Engineering FX The authors thank Michael N. Levy and Jose Garcia for their help with variable-resolution CAM-SE as well as Kevin Reed for assistance with the idealized test cases and graphical output. We also thank Lucas Harris and one anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that improved the original manuscript. Some of this work was completed during the "Multiscale Numerics for the Atmosphere and Ocean" Programme at the Issac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences in Cambridge, United Kingdom. Support for this work has been provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Awards DE-SC0003990 and DE-SC0006684. M.A.T. was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Work Package 11-014996. We acknowledge the high-performance computing support provided by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, which is sponsored by the National Science Foundation, as well as the University of Michigan's Center for Advanced Computing at the College of Engineering. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 142 IS 3 BP 1221 EP 1239 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00179.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AB8PM UT WOS:000332052500015 ER PT J AU Sanford, T Frumhoff, PC Luers, A Gulledge, J AF Sanford, Todd Frumhoff, Peter C. Luers, Amy Gulledge, Jay TI The climate policy narrative for a dangerously warming world SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MORTALITY; RISKS C1 [Sanford, Todd] Union Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Frumhoff, Peter C.] Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02238 USA. [Luers, Amy] Skoll Global Threats Fund, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. [Gulledge, Jay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sanford, T (reprint author), Union Concerned Scientists, 1825 K St NW,Ste 800, Washington, DC 20006 USA. EM pfrumhoff@ucsusa.org RI Gulledge, Jay/G-3252-2010 OI Gulledge, Jay/0000-0002-9779-8690 NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 8 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 IS 3 BP 164 EP 166 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AE0PU UT WOS:000333669100010 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Wu, B Gao, F Li, X Sun, X Khaleel, MA Akinlalu, AV Liu, L AF Wang, Xiangyu Wu, Bin Gao, Fei Li, Xin Sun, Xin Khaleel, Mohammed A. Akinlalu, Ademola V. Liu, Li TI Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermodynamic Properties in Uranium Dioxide SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING TECHNIQUES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; PLUTONIUM OXIDE; 2000 K; UO2; TRANSPORT; TEMPERATURE; EQUILIBRIUM AB In the present study, we investigated the thermodynamic properties of uranium dioxide (UO2) by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. As for solid UO2, the lattice parameter, density, and enthalpy obtained by MD simulations were in good agreement with existing experimental data and previous theoretical predictions. The calculated thermal conductivities matched the experiment results at the midtemperature range but were underestimated at very low and very high temperatures. The calculation results of mean square displacement represented the stability of uranium at all temperatures and the high mobility of oxygen toward 3000 K. By fitting the diffusivity constant of oxygen with the Vogel-FulcherTamman law, we noticed a secondary phase transition near 2006.4 K, which can be identified as a "strong'' to "fragile'' supercooled liquid or glass phase transition in UO2. By fitting the oxygen diffusion constant with the Arrhenius equation, activation energies of 2.0 and 2.7 eV that we obtained were fairly close to the recommended values of 2.3 to 2.6 eV. C1 [Wang, Xiangyu; Wu, Bin; Li, Xin; Akinlalu, Ademola V.; Liu, Li] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Gao, Fei; Sun, Xin; Khaleel, Mohammed A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directory, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, XY (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM liue@rpi.edu OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under NERI-C award [DE-FG07-07ID14889]; U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission [NRC-38-08-950]; DOE's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX Financial support by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under NERI-C award DE-FG07-07ID14889 and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission under award NRC-38-08-950 is acknowledged. F. Gao, X. Sun, and M. A. Khaleel were supported by the DOE's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 EI 1943-748X J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 176 IS 3 BP 360 EP 369 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA AD6BR UT WOS:000333338800008 ER PT J AU Ma, Q Reeves, JH Liberles, DA Yu, LL Chang, Z Zhao, J Cui, J Xu, Y Liu, L AF Ma, Qin Reeves, Jaxk H. Liberles, David A. Yu, Lili Chang, Zheng Zhao, Jing Cui, Juan Xu, Ying Liu, Liang TI A phylogenetic model for understanding the effect of gene duplication on cancer progression SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; CLONAL EVOLUTION; FAMILY EVOLUTION; MUTATION; TUMOR; CELL; HETEROGENEITY; INITIATION; EMERGENCE; DYNAMICS AB As biotechnology advances rapidly, a tremendous amount of cancer genetic data has become available, providing an unprecedented opportunity for understanding the genetic mechanisms of cancer. To understand the effects of duplications and deletions on cancer progression, two genomes (normal and tumor) were sequenced from each of five stomach cancer patients in different stages (I, II, III and IV). We developed a phylogenetic model for analyzing stomach cancer data. The model assumes that duplication and deletion occur in accordance with a continuous time Markov Chain along the branches of a phylogenetic tree attached with five extended branches leading to the tumor genomes. Moreover, coalescence times of the phylogenetic tree follow a coalescence process. The simulation study suggests that the maximum likelihood approach can accurately estimate parameters in the phylogenetic model. The phylogenetic model was applied to the stomach cancer data. We found that the expected number of changes (duplication and deletion) per gene for the tumor genomes is significantly higher than that for the normal genomes. The goodness-of-fit test suggests that the phylogenetic model with constant duplication and deletion rates can adequately fit the duplication data for the normal genomes. The analysis found nine duplicated genes that are significantly associated with stomach cancer. C1 [Ma, Qin; Xu, Ying; Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ma, Qin; Xu, Ying; Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Reeves, Jaxk H.; Zhao, Jing; Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Liberles, David A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Yu, Lili] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biostat, Statesboro, GA 30458 USA. [Chang, Zheng] Shandong Univ, Sch Math, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Cui, Juan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Xu, Ying] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Xu, Ying] Jilin Univ, Coll Comp Sci Technol, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. RP Liu, L (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu; lliu@uga.edu RI Ma, Qin/O-1525-2013 OI Ma, Qin/0000-0002-3264-8392 FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1222745, DMS-1222940, DEB-0830024]; DOE BioEnergy Science Center [DE-PS02-717 06ER64304, DOE 4000063512] FX National Science Foundation Grant [DMS-1222745] to Dr Liu and National Science Foundation Grant [DMS-1222940] to Dr Liberles. Funding for open access charge: National Science Foundation Grant [DEB-0830024] and the DOE BioEnergy Science Center [contract no. DE-PS02-717 06ER64304] [DOE 4000063512]. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 5 BP 2870 EP 2878 DI 10.1093/nar/gkt1320 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AD2VJ UT WOS:000333093600014 PM 24371277 ER PT J AU Davis, MJ Janke, R Magnuson, ML AF Davis, Michael J. Janke, Robert Magnuson, Matthew L. TI A Framework for Estimating the Adverse Health Effects of Contamination Events in Water Distribution Systems and its Application SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE drinking water; contamination events; terrorist attacks; Consequence analysis; water distribution systems ID DRINKING-WATER; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; MODEL; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS; PESTICIDES; EXPOSURE; IMPACTS AB Intentional or accidental releases of contaminants into a water distribution system (WDS) have the potential to cause significant adverse health effects among individuals consuming water from the system. A flexible analysis framework is presented here for estimating the magnitude of such potential effects and is applied using network models for 12 actual WDSs of varying sizes. Upper bounds are developed for the magnitude of adverse effects of contamination events in WDSs and evaluated using results from the 12 systems. These bounds can be applied in cases in which little system-specific information is available. The combination of a detailed, network-specific approach and a bounding approach allows consequence assessments to be performed for systems for which varying amounts of information are available and addresses important needs of individual utilities as well as regional or national assessments. The approach used in the analysis framework allows contaminant injections at any or all network nodes and uses models that (1)account for contaminant transport in the systems, including contaminant decay, and (2)provide estimates of ingested contaminant doses for the exposed population. The approach can be easily modified as better transport or exposure models become available. The methods presented here provide the ability to quantify or bound potential adverse effects of contamination events for a wide variety of possible contaminants and WDSs, including systems without a network model. C1 [Davis, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Janke, Robert; Magnuson, Matthew L.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Davis, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mike_davis@anl.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development; EPA under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development funded, managed, and participated in the research described here under an interagency agreement. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of EPA. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was sponsored by the EPA under interagency agreement through U.S. Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. An anonymous reviewer suggested the use of a simple mass-based bounding model. All postsimulation data analysis and preparation of graphics for this article were done using R.(35) NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 498 EP 513 DI 10.1111/risa.12107 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA AD3MK UT WOS:000333143000008 PM 24102461 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Hsieh, YC Volkov, V Su, D An, W Si, R Zhu, YM Liu, P Wang, JX Adzic, RR AF Zhang, Yu Hsieh, Yu-Chi Volkov, Vyacheslav Su, Dong An, Wei Si, Rui Zhu, Yimei Liu, Ping Wang, Jia X. Adzic, Radoslav R. TI High Performance Pt Mono layer Catalysts Produced via Core-Catalyzed Coating in Ethanol SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE core shell; atomic layer coating; platinum monolayer; electrocatalysis; nanostructure; oxygen reduction; catalyst ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; PLATINUM-MONOLAYER ELECTROCATALYSTS; LIMITED REDOX REPLACEMENT; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; SHELL NANOPARTICLES; FUEL-CELLS; PT-ALLOY; PD CORES; DEPOSITION; SURFACES AB Platinum monolayer core-shell nanocatalysts were shown to have excellent catalytic activities and stabilities. Usually, they are fabricated via electrochemical routes. Here, we report a surfactant-free, ethanol-based, wet chemical approach to coating Pd nanoparticles with uniform Pt atomic layers, inspired by aerobic alcohol oxidation catalyzed by the Pd cores. The as-prepared Pt monolayer electrocatalysts also exhibited high electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen reduction reaction. C1 [Zhang, Yu; Hsieh, Yu-Chi; An, Wei; Si, Rui; Liu, Ping; Wang, Jia X.; Adzic, Radoslav R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Volkov, Vyacheslav; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Su, Dong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, JX (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jia@bnl.gov; adzic@bnl.gov RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011; An, Wei/E-9270-2010; Su, Dong/A-8233-2013; OI An, Wei/0000-0002-0760-1357; Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683; Hsieh, Yu-Chi/0000-0003-0823-6571; Zhang, Yu/0000-0002-0814-2965 FU Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Office of Science of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-0SCH11231] FX This research was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The DFT calculations were performed using computational resources at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials of BNL, and at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-0SCH11231. NR 52 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 14 U2 137 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 IS 3 BP 738 EP 742 DI 10.1021/cs401091u PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AC8AZ UT WOS:000332756700004 ER PT J AU Sturgeon, MR Kim, S Lawrence, K Paton, RS Chmely, SC Nimlos, M Foust, TD Beckham, GT AF Sturgeon, Matthew R. Kim, Seonah Lawrence, Kelsey Paton, Robert S. Chmely, Stephen C. Nimlos, Mark Foust, Thomas D. Beckham, Gregg T. TI A Mechanistic Investigation of Acid-Catalyzed Cleavage of Aryl-Ether Linkages: Implications for Lignin Depolymerization in Acidic Environments SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Density functional theory; Biofuels; beta-O-4; Ether bond ID BETA-O-4 BOND-CLEAVAGE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PHENOLS; PHENETHYL PHENYL ETHERS; PLANT-CELL-WALL; C-O BONDS; SULFURIC-ACID; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURES; MODEL COMPOUNDS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION AB Acid catalysis has long been used to depolymerize plant cell wall polysaccharides, and the mechanisms by which acid affects carbohydrates have been extensively studied. Lignin depolymerization, however, is not as well understood, primarily due to the heterogeneity and reactivity of lignin. We present an experimental and theoretical study of acid-catalyzed cleavage of two non-phenolic and two phenolic dimers that exhibit the beta-O-4 ether linkage, the most common intermonomer bond in lignin. This work demonstrates that the rate of acid-catalyzed beta-O-4 cleavage in dimers exhibiting a phenolic hydroxyl group is 2 orders of magnitude faster than in non-phenolic dimers. The experiments suggest that the major product distribution is similar for all model compounds, but a stable phenyl-dihydrobenzofuran species is observed in the acidolysis of two of the gamma-carbinol containing model compounds. The presence of a methoxy substituent, commonly found in native lignin, prevents the formation of this intermediate. Reaction pathways were examined with quantum mechanical calculations, which aid in explaining the substantial differences in reactivity. Moreover, we use a radical scavenger to show that the commonly proposed homolytic cleavage pathway of phenolic beta-O-4 linkages is unlikely in acidolysis conditions. Overall, this study explains the disparity between rates of beta-O-4 cleavage seen in model compound experiments and acid pretreatment of biomass, and implies that depolymerization of lignin during acid-catalyzed pretreatment or fractionation will proceed via a hetcrolytic, unzipping mechanism wherein beta-O-4 linkages are cleaved from the phenolic ends of branched, polymer chains inward toward the core of the polymer. C1 [Sturgeon, Matthew R.; Kim, Seonah; Lawrence, Kelsey; Nimlos, Mark; Foust, Thomas D.; Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Adv Biofuels Consortium, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Sturgeon, Matthew R.; Kim, Seonah; Chmely, Stephen C.; Foust, Thomas D.; Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Paton, Robert S.] Univ Oxford, Chem Res Lab, Oxford OX1 3TA, England. [Beckham, Gregg T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Beckham, GT (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Adv Biofuels Consortium, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Gregg.beckham@nrel.gov RI Paton, Robert/A-4564-2010 OI Paton, Robert/0000-0002-0104-4166 FU DOE BioEnergy Technologies Office through American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Funds; Oxford University Press John Fell Fund; Royal Society [RG RG110617]; DOE Office of EERE [DE-AC36-08G028308] FX We acknowledge funding from the National Advanced Biofuels Consortium, which is funded by the DOE BioEnergy Technologies Office through American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Funds. R.S.P. thanks the Oxford University Press John Fell Fund and the Royal Society (RG RG110617) for funding. We acknowledge Marykate O'Brien, Jessica Hamlin, and Kellene McKinney for their help synthesizing model compounds, Luc Moens for his insightful mechanistic discussions, William Michener and Erica Gjersing for analysis, and J. D. McMillan for a critical reading of the manuscript. Computer time was provided by the Trestles and Gordon clusters at the San Diego Supercomputing Center and the Ember cluster at NCSA under the NSF XSEDE Grant MCB090159 and by the NREL Computational Sciences Center supported by the DOE Office of EERE under Contract Number DE-AC36-08G028308. NR 94 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 9 U2 154 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 2 IS 3 BP 472 EP 485 DI 10.1021/sc400384w PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA AC2QK UT WOS:000332348800019 ER PT J AU Eastwood, DS Yufit, V Gelb, J Gu, A Bradley, RS Harris, SJ Brett, DJL Brandon, NP Lee, PD Withers, PJ Shearing, PR AF Eastwood, David S. Yufit, Vladimir Gelb, Jeff Gu, Allen Bradley, Robert S. Harris, Stephen J. Brett, Daniel J. L. Brandon, Nigel P. Lee, Peter D. Withers, Philip J. Shearing, Paul R. TI Lithiation- Induced Dilation Mapping in a Lithium- Ion Battery Electrode by 3D X- Ray Microscopy and Digital Volume Correlation SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE batteries; digital volume correlation; lithiation; lithium-ion batteries; X-ray microscopy ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; OXIDES; CT AB Recent advances in high-resolution 3D X-ray computed tomography (CT) allow detailed, non-destructive 3D structural mapping of a complete lithium-ion battery. By repeated 3D image acquisition (time lapse CT imaging) these investigations of material microstructure are extended into the fourth dimension (time) to study structural changes of the device in operando. By digital volume correlation (DVC) of successive 3D images the dimensional changes taking place during charge cycling are quantified at the electrode level and at the Mn2O4 particle scale. After battery discharging, the extent of lithiation of the manganese (III/IV) oxide grains in the electrode is found to be a function of the distance from the battery terminal with grains closest to the electrode/current collector interface having the greatest expansion (approximate to 30%) and grains furthest from the current collector and closest to the counter electrode showing negligible dilation. This implies that the discharge is limited by electrical conductivity. This new CT+DVC technique is widely applicable to the 3D exploration of the microstructural degradation processes for a range of energy materials including fuel cells, capacitors, catalysts, and ceramics. C1 [Eastwood, David S.; Bradley, Robert S.; Lee, Peter D.; Withers, Philip J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Eastwood, David S.; Lee, Peter D.; Withers, Philip J.] Res Complex Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxon, England. [Yufit, Vladimir; Brandon, Nigel P.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Gelb, Jeff; Gu, Allen] Carl Zeiss Xray Microscopy, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA. [Harris, Stephen J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brett, Daniel J. L.; Shearing, Paul R.] UCL, Dept Chem Engn, London WC1E 7JE, England. RP Eastwood, DS (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM david.eastwood@manchester.ac.uk; peter.lee@manchester.ac.uk; p.shearing@ucl.ac.uk RI Lee, Peter/R-2323-2016; OI Lee, Peter/0000-0002-3898-8881; Brett, Dan/0000-0002-8545-3126 FU Office of Naval Research Global; EPSRC [EP/I02249X/1]; Royal Academy of Engineering; Research Complex at Harwell; Manchester-Diamond Collaboration FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Office of Naval Research Global, the EPSRC (EP/I02249X/1), the Royal Academy of Engineering, the Research Complex at Harwell, and the Manchester-Diamond Collaboration. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 67 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 IS 4 AR 1300506 DI 10.1002/aenm.201300506 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA AD0LE UT WOS:000332924700006 ER PT J AU Yamaguchi, H Granstrom, J Nie, WY Sojoudi, H Fujita, T Voiry, D Chen, MW Gupta, G Mohite, AD Graham, S Chhowalla, M AF Yamaguchi, Hisato Granstrom, Jimmy Nie, Wanyi Sojoudi, Hossein Fujita, Takeshi Voiry, Damien Chen, Mingwei Gupta, Gautam Mohite, Aditya D. Graham, Samuel Chhowalla, Manish TI Reduced Graphene Oxide Thin Films as Ultrabarriers for Organic Electronics SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE gas barrier; graphene oxide; solution processing; organic electronics ID SOLAR-CELLS; BARRIER; TRANSPARENT; PERMEATION; REDUCTION; COMPOSITE; EVOLUTION; MEMBRANES; WATER; P3HT AB Encapsulation of electronic devices based on organic materials that are prone to degradation even under normal atmospheric conditions with hermetic barriers is crucial for increasing their lifetime. A challenge is to develop ultrabarriers that are impermeable, flexible, and preferably transparent. Another important requirement is that they must be compatible with organic electronics fabrication schemes (i.e., must be solution processable, deposited at room temperature and be chemically inert). Here, a lifetime increase of 1300 h for poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films encapsulated by uniform and continuous thin (approximate to 10 nm) films of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is reported. This level of protection against oxygen/water vapor diffusion is substantially better than conventional polymeric barriers such as Cytop, which degrades after only 350 h despite being 400 nm thick. Analysis using atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy suggest that the superior oxygen gas/moisture barrier property of rGO is due to the close interlayer distance packing and absence of pinholes within the impermeable sheets. These material properties can be correlated to the enhanced lag time of 500 h. The results provide new insight for the design of high-performance and solution-processable transparent ultrabarriers for a wide range of encapsulation applications. C1 [Yamaguchi, Hisato; Voiry, Damien; Chhowalla, Manish] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Yamaguchi, Hisato; Nie, Wanyi; Gupta, Gautam; Mohite, Aditya D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Mat Phys & Applicat MPA Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Granstrom, Jimmy; Sojoudi, Hossein; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Granstrom, Jimmy; Sojoudi, Hossein; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Fujita, Takeshi; Chen, Mingwei] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Yamaguchi, H (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 607 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM hisatoy@lanl.gov; manish1@rci.rutgers.edu RI Fujita, Takeshi/B-1867-2009; Yamaguchi, Hisato/C-5571-2008; Chen, Mingwei/A-4855-2010; Voiry, Damien/G-3541-2016 OI Fujita, Takeshi/0000-0002-2318-0433; Yamaguchi, Hisato/0000-0002-6703-8826; Chen, Mingwei/0000-0002-2850-8872; Voiry, Damien/0000-0002-1664-2839 FU Rutgers University; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Postdoctoral Fellowship; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); Center on Materials and Devices for Information Technology Research (CDMITR); National Science Foundation (NSF) [0120967]; NSF CMMI [0927736]; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO FX The authors acknowledge K. Kuraoka of Kobe University, Japan and G. Eda of National University of Singapore for their technical supports at the initial stage of the work. Authors also acknowledge E. Cheng, J. Kim, and R. Kappera of Rutgers University for the experimental support, D. Watanabe of Tohoku University, Japan for the technical support. H.Y., D. V., M. C. acknowledge Donald H. Jacobs' Chair funding from Rutgers University. H.Y. acknowledges the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad, and Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for financial support. This research was funded in part by the Center on Materials and Devices for Information Technology Research (CDMITR), the National Science Foundation (NSF) grant #0120967, NSF CMMI 0927736, and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 103 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 EI 1614-6840 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 IS 4 AR 1300986 DI 10.1002/aenm.201300986 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA AD0LE UT WOS:000332924700001 ER PT J AU Katipamula, S Wang, WM Vowles, M AF Katipamula, Srinivas Wang, Weimin Vowles, Mira TI Improving Operating Efficiency Of Packaged Air Conditioners & Heat Pumps SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Katipamula, Srinivas; Wang, Weimin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Vowles, Mira] Bonneville Power Adm, Energy Efficiency Dept, Portland, OR USA. RP Katipamula, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 EI 1943-6637 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 56 IS 3 BP 36 EP 54 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA AC8YH UT WOS:000332820500008 ER PT J AU Ebadian, M Sowlati, T Sokhansanj, S Smith, LT Stumborg, M AF Ebadian, Mahmood Sowlati, Taraneh Sokhansanj, Shahab Smith, Lawrence T. Stumborg, Mark TI Development of an integrated tactical and operational planning model for supply of feedstock to a commercial-scale bioethanol plant SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR LA English DT Article DE bioethanol; biomass supply chain; integrated simulation; optimization modeling; operational planning; tactical planning ID LOGISTICS SYSTEM-DESIGN; FUEL DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; SIMULATION-MODEL; BIOENERGY INDUSTRY; BIOMASS; OPTIMIZATION; CHAIN; IBSAL; SHAM; L. AB In this paper, a new modeling approach is proposed to integrate the tactical and operational planning levels in the biomass supply chain. The proposed approach includes an optimization model and a simulation model. The integration is made between these models (i) to assure the fulfillment of the daily biomass demand year-round for a commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plant and (ii) to reduce biomass delivery costs. The optimization model prescribes the design of the supply area in a way that the annual biomass demand is met at a minimum delivery cost for a five-year planning horizon. Given the design of the supply area, the simulation model schedules the flow of multi-biomass in the supply chain to meet the daily biomass demand of the ethanol plant subject to the dynamics and uncertainties in the supply chain. If the daily demand cannot be met, the outputs of the simulation model are used to adjust the design in the optimization model to assure the fulfillment of the daily demand. The application of the integrated model to a proposed commercial-sized bioethanol plant shows the efficiency of the integrated approach to design the supply area in a way that the daily biomass demand is met at the minimum delivery cost possible. The results of the sensitivity analysis reveal that the most influential parameter on the design is biomass yield. In addition, bale bulk density, in-farm and road transportation operations, and farmer participation rates have the highest impact on delivery cost compared to other input parameters. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd C1 [Ebadian, Mahmood; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Sowlati, Taraneh] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Smith, Lawrence T.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Natl Agroclimate Informat Serv, Regina, SK, Canada. [Stumborg, Mark] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK, Canada. RP Sowlati, T (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, 2931-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. EM taraneh.sowlati@ubc.ca FU University of British Columbia's Graduate Fellowship; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agriculture and Agri-Food; BC Ministry of Forest, Lands and Natural Resource Operations FX This study is funded in part through the University of British Columbia's Graduate Fellowship, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food and the BC Ministry of Forest, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. The Oak Ridge National laboratory is acknowledged for providing data and helping in the validation of the developed models. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-104X EI 1932-1031 J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 171 EP 188 DI 10.1002/bbb.1446 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AC4UY UT WOS:000332517800014 ER PT J AU Wang, ZC Dunn, JB Han, J Wang, MQ AF Wang, Zhichao Dunn, Jennifer B. Han, Jeongwoo Wang, Michael Q. TI Effects of co-produced biochar on life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of pyrolysis-derived renewable fuels SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR LA English DT Article DE fast pyrolysis; biochar; life-cycle analysis; greenhouse gas emissions; biofuels; carbon abatement ID BLACK CARBON; ORGANIC-CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOIL; BIOMASS; SYSTEMS; STABILIZATION; IMPACT; MANURE AB Biochar is a co-product from biomass pyrolysis that can sequester carbon when applied to soils. It may also reduce N2O and CH4 emissions from soils, increase fertilizer efficiency, increase soil organic carbon, and increase crop yields. Treatment of these additional agricultural effects in life cycle analyses (LCAs) of pyrolysis-based liquid fuels could significantly influence LCA results. In this study, we include these effects in analyses of fast and slow pyrolysis. We also consider scenarios in which biochar is combusted to produce electricity. Probability distribution functions are developed for biochar yield and carbon content whereas average, minimum, and maximum values for biochar's stability factor and agricultural effects are developed from a thorough literature review and used in baseline and sensitivity analyses. Overall, life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for pyrolysis-based gasoline are lower when biochar is applied to soil than when it is combusted. Carbon abatement (CA) values of fast and slow pyrolysis fuel production systems are comparable. CA is reduced for an alternative fast pyrolysis system in which the pyrolysis oil is combusted for heat and electricity generation rather than upgraded to a hydrocarbon fuel. In the baseline case with biochar soil application, inclusion of agricultural effects reduces GHG emissions by 2.1 g CO(2)e/MJ from 16 g CO(2)e/MJ. Biochar carbon content and yield exert the strongest influence on GHG emissions results. Results are also sensitive to biochar's ability to suppress N2O emissions and increase soil organic carbon, which are subject to high uncertainty. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd C1 [Wang, Zhichao] Argonne Natl Lab, Area Biofuel Life Cycle Anal, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dunn, Jennifer B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biofuel Life Cycle Anal Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Han, Jeongwoo] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wang, Michael Q.] Argonne Natl Lab, Syst Assessment Grp, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dunn, JB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Syst Assessment Sect, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jdunn@anl.gov FU Biomass Program of the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This study was supported by the Biomass Program of the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Zia Haq, Kristen Johnson, and Alicia Lindauer of the Bioenergy Technology Office for their support and guidance. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-104X EI 1932-1031 J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 189 EP 204 DI 10.1002/bbb.1447 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AC4UY UT WOS:000332517800015 ER PT J AU Chum, HL Warner, E Seabra, JEA Macedo, IC AF Chum, Helena L. Warner, Ethan Seabra, Joaquim E. A. Macedo, Isaias C. TI A comparison of commercial ethanol production systems from Brazilian sugarcane and US corn SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR LA English DT Article DE sugarcane; corn; ethanol; trade; life cycle assessment; greenhouse gas ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; BIOENERGY; ENERGY; BIOETHANOL; BIOMASS AB Global biofuels production grew rapidly from 2007 to 2012, led by the United States and Brazil, the world's two largest fuel-ethanol-producing systems. In this paper we provide insights into the characteristics of mature Brazilian sugarcane and maturing US dry mill corn ethanol industries. Both systems continue to improve as measured by life cycle data such as total renewable energy produced per unit of fossil energy consumed [renewable energy ratio (RER)]. Sugarcane self-benchmarking systems showed RER values of 7.0 in 2002 to 9.4 in 2009 as the industry started to switch to mechanized harvesting. The average US RER improved from 1.1 to 1.7 from 2000 to 2010. RERs of 4.4 to 5.5 are observed in corn ethanol plants employing natural gas or corn stover combined heat and power. Ethanol systems configured to produce ethanol and electricity had similar net energy balances (a ratio of net energy produced to energy contained in the fuel). One measure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions (biomass use efficiency) compares the effectiveness of displacing carbon from combustion of fossil fuels with renewable carbon. Advanced corn ethanol systems reach higher GHG emission reduction levels compared to sugarcane ethanol by displacing coal-based electricity. Sugarcane systems achieve double the GHG emissions reductions per unit of harvested land relative to corn ethanol because sugarcane and corn are grown as perennial and annual crops in tropical and temperate climatic zones, respectively. Carbon dioxide capture and storage systems could offer additional GHG emission reductions for both corn and sugarcane ethanol systems. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd C1 [Chum, Helena L.; Warner, Ethan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Seabra, Joaquim E. A.; Macedo, Isaias C.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Warner, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ethan.warner@nrel.gov NR 73 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-104X EI 1932-1031 J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 205 EP 223 DI 10.1002/bbb.1448 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AC4UY UT WOS:000332517800016 ER PT J AU Hines, WC Su, Y Kuhn, I Polyak, K Bissell, MJ AF Hines, William C. Su, Ying Kuhn, Irene Polyak, Kornelia Bissell, Mina J. TI Sorting Out the FACS: A Devil in the Details SO CELL REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hines, William C.; Kuhn, Irene; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Su, Ying; Polyak, Kornelia] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Su, Ying; Polyak, Kornelia] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Su, Ying; Polyak, Kornelia] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Hines, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mailstop 977R225A,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM chines@lbl.gov; ying_su@dfci.harvard.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [R01CA140663,, CA116235-04S1, P01 CA080111, P50 CA89383, R37CA064786,, U01 CA143233, U54CA112970,, U54CA143836] NR 7 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 10 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 2211-1247 J9 CELL REP JI Cell Reports PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 5 BP 779 EP 781 DI 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.02.021 PG 3 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA AD2BL UT WOS:000333037800001 PM 24630040 ER PT J AU Zhao, LX Hua, T Crowley, C Ru, H Ni, XM Shaw, N Jiao, LY Ding, W Qu, L Hung, LW Huang, W Liu, L Ye, KQ Ouyang, SY Cheng, GH Liu, ZJ AF Zhao, Lixia Hua, Tian Crowley, Christopher Ru, Heng Ni, Xiangmin Shaw, Neil Jiao, Lianying Ding, Wei Qu, Lu Hung, Li-Wei Huang, Wei Liu, Lei Ye, Keqiang Ouyang, Songying Cheng, Genhong Liu, Zhi-Jie TI Structural analysis of asparaginyl endopeptidase reveals the activation mechanism and a reversible intermediate maturation stage SO CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE asparaginyl endopeptidase; autoproteolytic maturation; crystal structure; innate immunity ID RAY SOLUTION SCATTERING; MAMMALIAN LEGUMAIN; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; CYSTEINE PROTEASES; RECEPTOR 9; CLEAVAGE; PROTEIN; SITE; DIFFRACTION AB Asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) is an endo/lysosomal cysteine endopeptidase with a preference for an asparagine residue at the P1 site and plays an important role in the maturation of toll-like receptors 3/7/9. AEP is known to undergo autoproteolytic maturation at acidic pH for catalytic activation. Here, we describe crystal structures of the AEP proenzyme and the mature forms of AEP. Structural comparisons between AEP and caspases revealed similarities in the composition of key residues and in the catalytic mechanism. Mutagenesis studies identified N44, R46, H150, E189, C191, S217/S218 and D233 as residues that are essential for the cleavage of the peptide substrate. During maturation, autoproteolytic cleavage of AEP's cap domain opens up access to the active site on the core domain. Unexpectedly, an intermediate autoproteolytic maturation stage was discovered at approximately pH 4.5 in which the partially activated AEP could be reversed back to its proenzyme form. This unique feature was confirmed by the crystal structure of AEPpH4.5 (AEP was matured at pH 4.5 and crystallized at pH 8.5), in which the broken peptide bonds were religated and the structure was transformed back to its proenzyme form. Additionally, the AEP inhibitor cystatin C could be digested by the fully activated AEP, but could not be digested by activated cathepsins. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time that cystatins may regulate the activity of AEP through substrate competition for the active site. C1 [Zhao, Lixia; Hua, Tian; Ru, Heng; Ni, Xiangmin; Shaw, Neil; Jiao, Lianying; Ding, Wei; Qu, Lu; Ouyang, Songying; Liu, Zhi-Jie] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Natl Lab Biomacromol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Lixia; Huang, Wei; Liu, Zhi-Jie] ShanghaiTech Univ, iHuman Inst, Shanghai 201210, Peoples R China. [Crowley, Christopher; Cheng, Genhong] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hung, Li-Wei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Liu, Lei] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Key Lab Bioorgan Phosphorus Chem & Chem Biol, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Ye, Keqiang] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Natl Lab Biomacromol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM ouyangsy@moon.ibp.ac.cn; gcheng@mednet.ucla.edu; zjliu@ibp.ac.cn OI Hung, Li-Wei/0000-0001-6690-8458 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2014CB910400, 2013CB911103, 2011CB911103]; Ministry of Health of China [2013ZX10004-602]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31330019, 31200559, 91313301, 31300613] FX The authors thank the staff at the synchrotron beamlines (17U of the SSRF, 17A of KEK, and SIBYLS of the ALS) for their assistance with the X-ray diffraction and solution X-ray scattering data collection. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2014CB910400, 2013CB911103 and 2011CB911103), the Ministry of Health of China (2013ZX10004-602) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31330019, 31200559, 91313301 and 31300613). NR 47 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 22 PU INST BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY PI SHANGHAI PA SIBS, CAS, 319 YUEYANG ROAD, SHANGHAI, 200031, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-0602 EI 1748-7838 J9 CELL RES JI Cell Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 344 EP 358 DI 10.1038/cr.2014.4 PG 15 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA AC1HV UT WOS:000332246500010 PM 24407422 ER PT J AU Sproul, J Wan, MP Mandel, BH Rosenfeld, AH AF Sproul, Julian Wan, Man Pun Mandel, Benjamin H. Rosenfeld, Arthur H. TI Economic comparison of white, green, and black flat roofs in the United States SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE White roofs; Green roofs; Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA); Urban heat island; Energy efficiency; Stormwater management; Building codes AB White and "green" (vegetated) roofs have begun replacing conventional black (dark-colored) roofs to mitigate the adverse effects of dark impervious urban surfaces. This paper presents an economic perspective on roof color choice using a 50-year life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). We find that relative to black roofs, white roofs provide a 50-year net savings (NS) of $25/m(2) ($2.40/ft(2)) and green roofs have a negative NS of $71/m(2) ($6.60/ft(2)). Despite lasting at least twice as long as white or black roofs, green roofs cannot compensate for their installation cost premium. However, while the 50-year NS of white roofs compared to green roofs is $96/m(2) ($8.90/ft(2)), the annualized cost premium is just $3.20/m(2)-year ($0.30/ft(2)-year). This annual difference is sufficiently small that the choice between a white and green roof should be based on preferences of the building owner. Owners concerned with global warming should choose white roofs, which are three times more effective than green roofs at cooling the globe. Owners concerned with local environmental benefits should choose green roofs, which offer built-in stormwater management and a "natural" urban landscape esthetic. We strongly recommend building code policies that phase out dark-colored roofs in warm climates to protect against their adverse public health externalities. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sproul, Julian; Mandel, Benjamin H.; Rosenfeld, Arthur H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wan, Man Pun] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Mandel, BH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM julian.sproul@gmail.com; mpwan@ntu.edu.sg; benjamin.h.mandel@gmail.com; ahrosenfeld@lbl.gov RI Wan, Man Pun/C-3742-2008; OI Mandel, Benjamin/0000-0001-7259-0722 FU Heat Island Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N) [SERC 112-176-0021]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX First we would like to thank the Heat Island Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N) through grant number (SERC 112-176-0021) for their financial support. Second we would like to thank the following individuals for their technical oversight and overall support: Ronnen Levinson, George Ban-Weiss, Kirstin Weeks, Jordan O'Brien, Adam Friedberg, Stuart Gaffin, Andre Desjarlais, Louise Dunlap, Robert Goo, Kent Peterson, Don Moseley, James McClendon, Scott Williams, Kurt Shickman, Chris Mackey, and Amy Nagengast. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 41 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 9 U2 74 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 EI 1872-6178 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 71 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.11.058 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AD0JS UT WOS:000332920900003 ER PT J AU Roset, R Inagaki, A Hohl, M Brenet, F Lafrance-Vanasse, J Lange, J Scandura, JM Tainer, JA Keeney, S Petrini, JHJ AF Roset, Ramon Inagaki, Akiko Hohl, Marcel Brenet, Fabienne Lafrance-Vanasse, Julien Lange, Julian Scandura, Joseph M. Tainer, John A. Keeney, Scott Petrini, John H. J. TI The Rad50 hook domain regulates DNA damage signaling and tumorigenesis SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Mre11 complex; double-strand breaks; Rad50; ATM ID STRAND-BREAK REPAIR; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MRE11 COMPLEX FUNCTIONS; ATM-DEFICIENT MICE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; CELLULAR-RESPONSE; PROTEIN COMPLEX; COILED-COIL; ZINC-HOOK; NBS1 AB The Mre11 complex (Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1) is a central component of the DNA damage response (DDR), governing both double-strand break repair and DDR signaling. Rad50 contains a highly conserved Zn2+-dependent homodimerization interface, the Rad50 hook domain. Mutations that inactivate the hook domain produce a null phenotype. In this study, we analyzed mutants with reduced hook domain function in an effort to stratify hookdependent Mre11 complex functions. One of these alleles, Rad50(46), conferred reduced Zn2+ affinity and dimerization efficiency. Homozygous Rad50(46/46) mutations were lethal in mice. However, in the presence of wildtype Rad50, Rad50(46) exerted a dominant gain-of-function phenotype associated with chronic DDR signaling. At the organismal level, Rad50(+/46) exhibited hydrocephalus, liver tumorigenesis, and defects in primitive hematopoietic and gametogenic cells. These outcomes were dependent on ATM, as all phenotypes were mitigated in Rad50(+/46) Atm(+/-) mice. These data reveal that the murine Rad50 hook domain strongly influences Mre11 complex-dependent DDR signaling, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. C1 [Roset, Ramon; Inagaki, Akiko; Hohl, Marcel; Lange, Julian; Keeney, Scott; Petrini, John H. J.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Program Mol Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Brenet, Fabienne; Scandura, Joseph M.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Med, Lab Mol Hematopoiesis, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Lafrance-Vanasse, Julien; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keeney, Scott] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Keeney, Scott; Petrini, John H. J.] Cornell Univ, Weill Grad Sch Med Sci, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Petrini, JHJ (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Program Mol Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM petrinij@mskcc.org OI Scandura, Joseph/0000-0002-9525-143X; Keeney, Scott/0000-0002-1283-6417 FU National Cancer Institute [CA159175]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HL119872, HL055748, P01 CA092584, R01 CA117638, R01 GM105421]; Fundacion Alfonso Martin Escudero; Le Fonds de la Recherche en Sante du Quebec; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Scholar; American Cancer Society post-doctoral fellowship; [RO1-GM56888] FX We thank Maria Jasin for providing Pim1DR-GFP mice; Fred Alt for the pMX-ISceI plasmid; Linda Johnson and Julie White from the Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology for assistance with pathological analysis; David Klimstra for help with liver pathology; members of the J.H.J.P. laboratory for critical reading of the manuscript, discussions, and helpful insight; Katelynd Vanness for technical assistance; and Thomas J. Kelly for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the following grants: RO1-GM56888 (to J.H.J.P.); National Cancer Institute CA159175 (to J.M.S.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) HL119872 (to J.M.S.); NHLBI HL055748 (to J.M.S.); P01 CA092584 (to J.A.T.); R01 CA117638 (to J.A.T); and R01 GM105421 (to Maria Jasin and S. K.). R.R. was supported in part by Fundacion Alfonso Martin Escudero. J.L.V. is recipient of a fellowship from Le Fonds de la Recherche en Sante du Quebec. J.M.S. is a Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Scholar. J.L. was supported in part by an American Cancer Society post-doctoral fellowship. NR 59 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 0890-9369 EI 1549-5477 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 5 BP 451 EP 462 DI 10.1101/gad.236745.113 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AC4FE UT WOS:000332475600004 PM 24532689 ER PT J AU Pedersen, JS Valen, E Velazquez, AMV Parker, BJ Rasmussen, M Lindgreen, S Lilje, B Tobin, DJ Kelly, TK Vang, S Andersson, R Jones, PA Hoover, CA Tikhonov, A Prokhortchouk, E Rubin, EM Sandelin, A Gilbert, MTP Krogh, A Willerslev, E Orlando, L AF Pedersen, Jakob Skou Valen, Eivind Velazquez, Amhed M. Vargas Parker, Brian J. Rasmussen, Morten Lindgreen, Stinus Lilje, Berit Tobin, Desmond J. Kelly, Theresa K. Vang, Soren Andersson, Robin Jones, Peter A. Hoover, Cindi A. Tikhonov, Alexei Prokhortchouk, Egor Rubin, Edward M. Sandelin, Albin Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Krogh, Anders Willerslev, Eske Orlando, Ludovic TI Genome-wide nucleosome map and cytosine methylation levels of an ancient human genome SO GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO METHYLATION; DNA METHYLATION; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-CELLS; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTION; REVEALS; AMPLIFICATION; NEANDERTHAL AB Epigenetic information is available from contemporary organisms, but is difficult to track back in evolutionary time. Here, we show that genome-wide epigenetic information can be gathered directly from next-generation sequence reads of DNA isolated from ancient remains. Using the genome sequence data generated from hair shafts of a 4000-yr-old Paleo-Eskimo belonging to the Saqqaq culture, we generate the first ancient nucleosome map coupled with a genome-wide survey of cytosine methylation levels. The validity of both nucleosome map and methylation levels were confirmed by the recovery of the expected signals at promoter regions, exon/intron boundaries, and CTCF sites. The top-scoring nucleosome calls revealed distinct DNA positioning biases, attesting to nucleotide-level accuracy. The ancient methylation levels exhibited high conservation over time, clustering closely with modern hair tissues. Using ancient methylation information, we estimated the age at death of the Saqqaq individual and illustrate how epigenetic information can be used to infer ancient gene expression. Similar epigenetic signatures were found in other fossil material, such as 110,000- to 130,000-yr-old bones, supporting the contention that ancient epigenomic information can be reconstructed from a deep past. Our findings lay the foundation for extracting epigenomic information from ancient samples, allowing shifts in epialleles to be tracked through evolutionary time, as well as providing an original window into modern epigenomics. C1 [Pedersen, Jakob Skou; Vang, Soren] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med MOMA, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. [Valen, Eivind] Harvard Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Boston, MA 02138 USA. [Valen, Eivind; Parker, Brian J.; Lindgreen, Stinus; Lilje, Berit; Andersson, Robin; Sandelin, Albin; Krogh, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Bioinformat Ctr, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. [Valen, Eivind; Parker, Brian J.; Lindgreen, Stinus; Lilje, Berit; Andersson, Robin; Sandelin, Albin; Krogh, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, BRIC, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. [Velazquez, Amhed M. Vargas; Rasmussen, Morten; Lindgreen, Stinus; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Krogh, Anders; Willerslev, Eske; Orlando, Ludovic] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Rasmussen, Morten] Univ Copenhagen, Danish Natl Sequencing Ctr, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Lindgreen, Stinus] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Tobin, Desmond J.] Univ Bradford, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Skin Sci, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England. [Kelly, Theresa K.; Jones, Peter A.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, USC Norris Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Urol Biochem & Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Hoover, Cindi A.; Rubin, Edward M.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Tikhonov, Alexei] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Tikhonov, Alexei] North Eastern Fed Univ, Inst Appl Ecol North, Yakutsk 677980, Russia. [Prokhortchouk, Egor] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Bioengn, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Prokhortchouk, Egor] Natl Res Ctr Kurchatov Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia. RP Pedersen, JS (reprint author), Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med MOMA, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. EM jakob.skou@ki.au.dk; Lorlando@snm.ku.dk RI Orlando, Ludovic/A-8932-2013; Andersson, Robin/B-5311-2009; Sandelin, Albin/G-2881-2011; Krogh, Anders/M-1541-2014; Prokhortchouk, Egor/I-9108-2014; Pedersen, Jakob/G-3382-2012; OI Orlando, Ludovic/0000-0003-3936-1850; Andersson, Robin/0000-0003-1516-879X; Sandelin, Albin/0000-0002-7109-7378; Krogh, Anders/0000-0002-5147-6282; Pedersen, Jakob/0000-0002-7236-4001; Valen, Eivind/0000-0003-1840-6108 FU Danish Councils for Independent Research, Natural Sciences (FNU) and Medical Sciences (FSS); Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF94]; Lundbeck Foundation; Marie-Curie Career Integration Grant [CIG-293845]; Novo Nordisk Foundation; Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) FX We thank laboratory technicians at the Centre for GeoGenetics and staff at the Danish High-throughput DNA Sequencing Centre for technical assistance, members of the paleomix group for discussions, Andrea Pauli for useful comments, and Ole Jacob Kielland for illustrating Figure 1D. This work was supported by the Danish Councils for Independent Research, Natural Sciences (FNU) and Medical Sciences (FSS); the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF94); the Lundbeck Foundation; a Marie-Curie Career Integration Grant (CIG-293845); the Novo Nordisk Foundation; and the Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP). NR 87 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 42 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 1088-9051 EI 1549-5469 J9 GENOME RES JI Genome Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 454 EP 466 DI 10.1101/gr.163592.113 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AC1HU UT WOS:000332246100009 PM 24299735 ER PT J AU Pester, NJ Ding, K Seyfried, WE AF Pester, Nicholas J. Ding, Kang Seyfried, William E., Jr. TI Magmatic eruptions and iron volatility in deep-sea hydrothermal fluids SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EAST PACIFIC RISE; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; 9-DEGREES 50' N; PHASE-SEPARATION; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; CHEMISTRY; SYSTEMS; EVOLUTION; FLOOR; EQUILIBRIA AB During periods of volcanic activity, hydrothermal fluid chemistry changes drastically, becoming unusually dilute due to enhanced degrees of phase separation. Despite decreases in nearly all other metals, these dilute fluids maintain surprisingly high dissolved Fe concentrations. This is demonstrated by a 17 yr time series from 9 degrees 50'N on the East Pacific Rise, where two eruption cycles are separated by a decade of steady-state chemical and physical conditions. We report experimental data confirming a sharp increase in Fe solubility in low-salinity and low-density vapors that constitutes a reversal in behavior exhibited in near-critical vapors characteristic of the steady-state condition. In accordance with field observations during the eruptions, a fundamental divergence between the otherwise similar behaviors of Fe and Mn also results. This helps explain how Fe fluxes are maintained during magmatic events, which may have important implications for the succession and temporal evolution of vent-related fauna. Calibrated geochemical proxies for subseafloor reaction conditions (pressure-temperature) now allow us to elucidate hydrothermal processes from steady state through eruptive and recovery stages at the 9 degrees 50'N system. C1 [Pester, Nicholas J.; Ding, Kang; Seyfried, William E., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Pester, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM NJPester@lbl.gov RI Pester, Nicholas/G-2424-2015 OI Pester, Nicholas/0000-0002-1852-6663 FU National Science Foundation [0927615, 0751771, 0813861] FX We thank the captain and crew of R/V Atlantis, the Alvin Group, and D. Foustoukos for assistance in acquiring the EPR 9-10 degrees N fluid samples, as well as R. Knurr for analyses of both the field and experimental samples. We also thank J. Bryce and F. Prado for making available the unpublished fluid chemical data from EPR 9-10 degrees N acquired between 2002 and 2007 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/IEDA/100031). Reviews by David Butterfield and Laurence Coogan improved the clarity and content of the manuscript. Financial support for this research was provided by National Science Foundation grants 0927615, 0751771, 0813861 (WES, KD). NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 32 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 BP 255 EP 258 DI 10.1130/G35079.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA AD4TQ UT WOS:000333244000030 ER PT J AU Tramontina, D Erhart, P Germann, T Hawreliak, J Higginbotham, A Park, N Ravelo, R Stukowski, A Suggit, M Tang, YZ Wark, J Bringa, E AF Tramontina, Diego Erhart, Paul Germann, Timothy Hawreliak, James Higginbotham, Andrew Park, Nigel Ravelo, Ramon Stukowski, Alexander Suggit, Mathew Tang, Yizhe Wark, Justin Bringa, Eduardo TI Molecular dynamics simulations of shock-induced plasticity in tantalum SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Tantalum; Molecular dynamics; Shocks ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL COPPER; BCC METALS; VOID GROWTH; STRAIN-RATE; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; FCC METALS; DEFORMATION; TA; COMPRESSION AB We present Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (NEMD) simulations of shock wave compression along the [001] direction in monocrystalline Tantalum, including pre-existing defects which act as dislocation sources. We use a new Embedded Atom Model (EAM) potential and study the nucleation and evolution of dislocations as a function of shock pressure and loading rise time. We find that the flow stress and dislocation density behind the shock front depend on strain rate. We find excellent agreement with recent experimental results on strength and recovered microstructure, which goes from dislocations to a mixture of dislocations and twins, to twinning dominated response, as the shock pressure increases. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tramontina, Diego] Agencia Nacl Promoc Cient & Tecnol, Caba, Argentina. [Tramontina, Diego; Bringa, Eduardo] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Inst Ciencias Basicas, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Erhart, Paul; Hawreliak, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Germann, Timothy; Ravelo, Ramon] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Higginbotham, Andrew; Suggit, Mathew; Wark, Justin] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Park, Nigel] AWE, Mat Modeling Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Ravelo, Ramon] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Ravelo, Ramon] Univ Texas El Paso, Mat Res Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Stukowski, Alexander] Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Tang, Yizhe] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bringa, Eduardo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Erhart, Paul] Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Bringa, E (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cuyo, Inst Ciencias Basicas, M5502JMA, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. EM ebringa@yahoo.com RI Tang, Yizhe/A-2603-2014; Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011; Tramontina, Diego/J-4528-2014; Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011; OI Tang, Yizhe/0000-0002-2744-3819; Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061; Tramontina, Diego/0000-0001-5356-6719; Stukowski, Alexander/0000-0001-6750-3401; Germann, Timothy/0000-0002-6813-238X FU ANCyT [PICT2008-1325]; SecTyP-U.N. Cuyo [06/M035]; EPSRC [P/J017256/1]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0476]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Swedish Research Council (VR); Area of Advanced Materials at Chalmers FX D. Tramontina and E.M. Bringa were funded by projects PICT2008-1325 from the ANCyT and 06/M035 from SecTyP-U.N. Cuyo. We thank R. Rudd, B. Remington, M.A. Meyers, B.L. Holian and C.J. Ruestes for useful and stimulating discussions. A. Higginbotham acknowledges support from AWE. M. Suggit and J.S. Wark acknowledge support from EPSRC under grant P/J017256/1. R. Ravelo acknowledges support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award FA9550-12-1-0476. Work at Los Alamos was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. P. Erhart acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (VR) and the Area of Advanced Materials at Chalmers. NR 80 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.10.007 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0DO UT WOS:000332904900002 ER PT J AU Kritcher, AL Doppner, T Swift, D Hawreliak, J Collins, G Nilsen, J Bachmann, B Dewald, E Strozzi, D Felker, S Landen, OL Jones, O Thomas, C Hammer, J Keane, C Lee, HJ Glenzer, SH Rothman, S Chapman, D Kraus, D Neumayer, P Falcone, RW AF Kritcher, A. L. Doeppner, T. Swift, D. Hawreliak, J. Collins, G. Nilsen, J. Bachmann, B. Dewald, E. Strozzi, D. Felker, S. Landen, O. L. Jones, O. Thomas, C. Hammer, J. Keane, C. Lee, H. J. Glenzer, S. H. Rothman, S. Chapman, D. Kraus, D. Neumayer, P. Falcone, R. W. TI Probing matter at Gbar pressures at the NIF SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray scattering; X-ray radiography; Gbar; Thomson scattering; Compton scattering; Shock compression ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; RAY THOMSON SCATTERING; SIMULATIONS; TARGETS; PLASMAS AB We describe a platform to measure the material properties, specifically the equation of state and electron temperature, at pressures of 100 Mbar to a Gbar at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In these experiments we launch spherically convergent shock waves into solid CH, CD, or diamond samples using a hohlraum radiation drive, in an indirect drive laser geometry. X-ray radiography is applied to measure the shock speed and infer the mass density profile, enabling determination of the material pressure and Hugoniot equation of state. X-ray scattering is applied to measure the electron temperature through probing of the electron velocity distribution via Doppler broadening. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kritcher, A. L.; Doeppner, T.; Swift, D.; Hawreliak, J.; Collins, G.; Nilsen, J.; Bachmann, B.; Dewald, E.; Strozzi, D.; Felker, S.; Landen, O. L.; Jones, O.; Thomas, C.; Hammer, J.; Keane, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Lee, H. J.; Glenzer, S. H.] SLAC Accelerator Natl Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Rothman, S.; Chapman, D.] Atom Weap Estab, Reading, Berks, England. [Kraus, D.; Falcone, R. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Neumayer, P.] GSI Darmstadt, EMMI, Darmstadt, Germany. RP Kritcher, AL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kritcher2@llnl.gov OI Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development [13-ERD-073]; SSAA program [DE-FG52-06NA26212] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development Grant No. 13-ERD-073. RWF acknowledges support from SSAA program Contract No.DE-FG52-06NA26212. NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.11.002 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0DO UT WOS:000332904900004 ER PT J AU Starrett, CE Saumon, D AF Starrett, C. E. Saumon, D. TI A simple method for determining the ionic structure of warm dense matter SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Average atom; Pair distribution function; Warm dense matter; Dense plasmas ID RAY THOMSON SCATTERING; PRESSURE IONIZATION; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ATOM MODEL; CELL MODEL; PLASMAS; HYDROGEN; METALS; APPROXIMATION; TEMPERATURE AB A model for dense homo-nuclear plasmas that couples an average atom model for the calculation of the electronic structure to the quantum Ornstein-Zernike equations describing the ionic structure is summarized and described pedagogically. The model is applied to the calculation of ion-ion pair distribution functions g(II)(r) for tungsten in the warm and hot dense matter regimes. These results are compared to orbital-free molecular dynamics simulations and excellent agreement is found. Calculations of g(II)(r) with a simple version of the model (which we call the ion-sphere model) are in remarkable agreement with those of the full model. This ion-sphere model provides a simple and efficient method of calculating accurate g(II)(r) for warm and hot dense matter for many applications involving low- to high-Z elements with a modest investment of effort. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Starrett, C. E.; Saumon, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Starrett, CE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM starrett@lanl.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank J. Clerouin for providing the OFMD data. This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 63 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.12.001 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0DO UT WOS:000332904900005 ER PT J AU Fontes, CJ Eriksen, KA Colgan, J Zhang, HL Hughes, JP AF Fontes, C. J. Eriksen, K. A. Colgan, J. Zhang, H. L. Hughes, J. P. TI Spectral modeling of supernova remnants SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Atomic data; Collisional-radiative modeling; X-ray spectra; Supernova remnant ID FINITE-DENSITY PLASMAS; ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; ATOMIC DATA; RECOMBINATION DATA; IONS; ELEMENTS; XXIII AB We report on recent efforts to generate high quality, self-consistent atomic physics models for L-shell ion stages for iron and the use of these data in collisional-radiative modeling of X-ray spectra of supernova remnants. As a specific example, we present comparisons between observed and theoretical X-ray spectra produced by Tycho's supernova remnant. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fontes, C. J.; Zhang, H. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Eriksen, K. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Design Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Colgan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hughes, J. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Fontes, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cjf@lanl.gov OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.10.001 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0DO UT WOS:000332904900006 ER PT J AU Armstrong, GSJ Colgan, J Kilcrease, DP Magee, NH AF Armstrong, G. S. J. Colgan, J. Kilcrease, D. P. Magee, N. H., Jr. TI Ab initio calculation of the non-relativistic free-free Gaunt factor incorporating plasma screening SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Gaunt factor; Inverse-bremsstrahlung; Opacities ID TEMPERATURE STELLAR PLASMA; OPACITIES AB We present calculations of Gaunt factors for free free absorption over a wide range of temperatures and densities. The calculations employ a partial wave expansion approach, which is able to account for plasma screening within the calculation of the free free Gaunt factor. Much of the existing Gaunt factor data pertains to hydrogenic systems, and plasma screening is often incorporated in opacity calculations using approximate methods. The use of a more accurate method allows us to determine the accuracy of such approximations in calculations of the free free monochromatic and mean opacities. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Armstrong, G. S. J.; Colgan, J.; Kilcrease, D. P.; Magee, N. H., Jr.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Armstrong, GSJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gregorya@lanl.gov OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858; Kilcrease, David/0000-0002-2319-5934 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC5206NA25396] FX We would like to thank Brian Wilson of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for providing us with a copy of Joe Green's BREM IV code. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC5206NA25396. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 EI 1878-0563 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.10.005 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0DO UT WOS:000332904900009 ER PT J AU Zatz, IJ Youchison, DL Bosch, HS Cary, WP AF Zatz, Irving J. Youchison, Dennis L. Bosch, Hans-Stephan Cary, William P. TI Foreword to the Special Issue on the 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE 2013) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Zatz, Irving J.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Youchison, Dennis L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bosch, Hans-Stephan] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, Greifswald, Germany. [Cary, William P.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. RP Zatz, IJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM zatz@pppl.gov; dlyouch@sandia.gov; bosch@ipp.mpg.de; cary@fusion.gat.com RI Bosch, Hans-Stephan/F-9527-2015; OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 399 EP 401 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2305476 PN 1 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400001 ER PT J AU Hyatt, A Humphreys, DA Welander, A Eidietis, N Ferron, JR Johnson, R Kolemen, E Lanctot, M Penaflor, B Turco, F Walker, ML Coon, R Qian, JP AF Hyatt, Alan Humphreys, Dave A. Welander, Anders Eidietis, Nicholas Ferron, John R. Johnson, Robert Kolemen, Egemen Lanctot, Matthew Penaflor, Benjamin Turco, Francesca Walker, Mike L. Coon, Robert Qian, Jinping TI Designing, Constructing, and Using Plasma Control System Algorithms on DIII-D SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Algorithm; conditional; control; digital; model; plasma; simulation; tokamak ID RECONSTRUCTION; TOKAMAK AB The DIII-D plasma control system (PCS), initially deployed in the early 1990s, now controls nearly all aspects of the tokamak and plasma environment. Versions of this PCS, supported by General Atomics, are presently used to control several tokamaks around the world, including the superconducting tokamaks Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak and Korean Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research. The experimental challenges posed by the advanced tokamak mission of DIII-D and the variety of devices supported by the PCS have driven the development of a rich array of control algorithms, along with a powerful set of tools for algorithm design and testing. Broadly speaking, the PCS mission is to utilize all available sensors, measurements, and actuators to safely produce a plasma state trajectory leading to and then maintaining the desired experimental conditions. Often new physics understanding leads to new or modified control requirements that use existing actuators in new ways. We describe several important DIII-D PCS design and test tools that support implementation and optimization of algorithms. We describe selected algorithms and the ways they fit within the PCS architecture, which in turn allows great flexibility in designing, constructing, and using the algorithms to reliably produce a desired complex experimental environment. Control algorithms, PCS interfaces, and design and testing tools are described from the perspective of the physics operator (PO), who must operate the PCS to achieve experimental goals and maximize physics productivity of the tokamak. For example, from a POs (and experimental team leader's) standpoint, a PCS algorithm interface that offers maximum actuator, algorithmic, and measurement configuration flexibility is most likely to produce a successful experimental outcome. However, proper constraints that limit flexibility in use of the PCS can also help to maximize effectiveness. For example, device limits and safety must be built into the PCS, sometimes at the algorithm level. We show how the DIII-D PCS toolset enables rapid offline testing of a new or modified algorithm in a simulated tokamak environment. Finally, we illustrate usage of PCS-based checklists and procedures that enhance experimental productivity, and we describe an asynchronous condition detector system within the PCS that enhances device safety and enables complex experiment design. C1 [Hyatt, Alan; Humphreys, Dave A.; Welander, Anders; Eidietis, Nicholas; Ferron, John R.; Johnson, Robert; Lanctot, Matthew; Penaflor, Benjamin; Walker, Mike L.; Coon, Robert] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Kolemen, Egemen] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Turco, Francesca] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Qian, Jinping] ASIPP, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. RP Hyatt, A (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM hyatt@fusion.gat.com; humphreys@fusion.gat.com; welander@fusion.gat.com; eidietis@fusion.gat.com; ferron@fusion.gat.com; johnsonb@fusion.gat.com; ekolemen@pppl.gov; lanctot@fusion.gat.com; penaflor@fusion.gat.com; turco@fusion.gat.com; walker@fusion.gat.com; coon@fusion.gat.com; jpqian@ipp.ac.cn RI Lanctot, Matthew J/O-4979-2016 OI Lanctot, Matthew J/0000-0002-7396-3372 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC-02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG0204ER54761] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-FC-02-04ER54698, Contract DE-AC02-09CH11466, and Contract DE-FG0204ER54761. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2303896 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400004 ER PT J AU Risse, K Fullenbach, F Rummel, T Mardenfeld, M Zhao, X AF Risse, Konrad Fuellenbach, Frank Rummel, Thomas Mardenfeld, Michael Zhao, Xin TI Wendelstein 7-X Trim Coils-Component Safety Aspects and Commissioning Strategy SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Coils; field correction; magnetic field; stellarator AB The stellarator fusion experiment Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is currently under construction at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik in Greifswald, Germany. Five normal conducting trim coils have been designed to allow for fine tuning of the main magnetic field during plasma operation. To limit the mechanical stresses in the coil, the proper functioning of the coil cooling system must be carefully monitored. Two independent systems will monitor the coil temperature. In addition, flow monitors in the outlet hydraulic line of each coil will determine if the required cooling water flow is present. The trim coil system will be provided as a part of a collaboration program between the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the Wendelstein 7-X project, and is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. C1 [Risse, Konrad; Fuellenbach, Frank; Rummel, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. [Mardenfeld, Michael; Zhao, Xin] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Risse, K (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. EM konrad.risse@ipp.mpg.de; frank.fuellenbach@ipp.mpg.de; thomas.rummel@ipp.mpg.de; mmarden@pppl.gov FU Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported in part by the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, in part by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and in part by the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 449 EP 452 DI 10.1109/TPS.2013.2294341 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400009 ER PT J AU Neilson, GH Gates, DA Heitzenroeder, PJ Breslau, J Prager, SC Stevenson, T Titus, P Williams, MD Zarnstorff, MC AF Neilson, George H. Gates, David A. Heitzenroeder, Philip J. Breslau, Joshua Prager, Stewart C. Stevenson, Timothy Titus, Peter Williams, Michael D. Zarnstorff, Michael C. TI Next Steps in Quasi-Axisymmetric Stellarator Research SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Stellarators; strategic planning ID NCSX; TRANSPORT; DESIGN AB The quasi-axisymmetric (QA) stellarator, a 3-D magnetic configuration with close connections to tokamaks, offers solutions for a steady state, disruption-free fusion system. A new experimental facility, QUASAR, provides a rapid approach to the next step in QA development, an integrated experimental test of its physics properties, taking advantage of the designs, fabricated components, and detailed assembly plans developed for the NCSX project. A scenario is presented for constructing the QUASAR facility for physics research operations starting in 2019. Operating in deuterium, such a facility would investigate the scale-up in size and pulse length from QUASAR, while a suitably equipped version operating in deuterium-tritium (DT) could address fusion nuclear missions. New QA optimization strategies, aimed at improved engineering attractiveness, would also be tested. C1 [Neilson, George H.; Gates, David A.; Heitzenroeder, Philip J.; Breslau, Joshua; Prager, Stewart C.; Stevenson, Timothy; Titus, Peter; Williams, Michael D.; Zarnstorff, Michael C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Neilson, GH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM hneilson@pppl.gov; dgates@pppl.gov; pheitzen@pppl.gov; jbreslau@pppl.gov; sprager@pppl.gov; tstevenson@pppl.gov; ptitus@pppl.gov; mwilliams@pppl.gov; mzarnstorff@pppl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Princeton University [DE-AC02 09CH11466] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Princeton University, under Contract DE-AC02 09CH11466. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 489 EP 494 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2298870 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400015 ER PT J AU Lore, JD Andreeva, T Boscary, J Bozhenkov, S Geiger, J Harris, JH Hoelbe, H Lumsdaine, A McGinnis, D Peacock, A Tipton, J AF Lore, Jeremy D. Andreeva, Tamara Boscary, Jean Bozhenkov, Sergey Geiger, Joachim Harris, Jeffrey H. Hoelbe, Hauke Lumsdaine, Arnold McGinnis, Dean Peacock, Alan Tipton, Joseph TI Design and Analysis of Divertor Scraper Elements for the W7-X Stellarator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Divertor; heat flux; island divertor (ID); stellarator; Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) ID ISLAND DIVERTORS; PLASMA; EQUILIBRIA AB A set of new water-cooled divertor components is being designed for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator to protect the edges of the primary plasma facing components during the bootstrap current evolution (similar to 40 s). These new components, referred to as scraper elements (SEs), will intercept field lines and associated heat flux that would otherwise overload the main target edges in certain operational scenarios. The SEs are calculated to experience peak heat fluxes similar to 15-16 MW/m(2) and will be constructed from carbon fiber reinforced composite monoblocks of a type that has been qualified for ITER. The heat flux distribution and magnitude is calculated from field line following in a 3-D magnetic field that includes the contribution from plasma currents. The heat flux calculations are coupled with an engineering design in an iterative process to generate SEs that meet the design criteria while reducing the geometric complexity of the elements. C1 [Lore, Jeremy D.; Harris, Jeffrey H.; Lumsdaine, Arnold; McGinnis, Dean] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Andreeva, Tamara; Boscary, Jean; Geiger, Joachim; Hoelbe, Hauke] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany. [Boscary, Jean; Peacock, Alan] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Tipton, Joseph] Univ Evansville, Evansville, IN 47714 USA. RP Lore, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lorejd@ornl.gov; tamara.andreeva@ipp.mpg.de; jean.boscary@ipp.mpg.de; Sergey.Bozhenkov@ipp.mpg.de; joachim.geiger@ipp.mpg.de; harrisjh@ornl.gov; hauke.hoelbe@ipp.mpg.de; lumsdainea@ornl.gov; mcgin-niswd@ornl.gov; alan.peacock@ipp.mpg.de; tiptonjb@ornl.gov OI Tipton, Joseph/0000-0002-1978-1076; Lore, Jeremy/0000-0002-9192-465X FU UT-Battelle, LLC through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by UT-Battelle, LLC, through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 539 EP 544 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2303649 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400022 ER PT J AU Lumsdaine, A Boscary, J Clark, E Ekici, K Harris, J McGinnis, D Lore, JD Peacock, A Tipton, J Tretter, J AF Lumsdaine, Arnold Boscary, Jean Clark, Emily Ekici, Kivanc Harris, Jeffrey McGinnis, Dean Lore, Jeremy D. Peacock, Alan Tipton, Joseph Tretter, Joerg TI Modeling and Analysis of the W7-X High Heat-Flux Divertor Scraper Element SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Divertor; heat flux; stellarator; Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) ID TWISTED-TAPE INSERTS AB The Wendelstein 7-X stellarator experiment is scheduled for the completion of device commissioning and the start of first plasma in 2015. At the completion of the first two operational phases, the inertially cooled test divertor unit will be replaced with an actively cooled high heat-flux divertor, which will enable the device to increase its pulse length to steady-state plasma performance. Plasma simulations show that the evolution of bootstrap current in certain plasma scenarios produce excessive heat fluxes on the edge of the divertor targets. It is proposed to place an additional scraper element in the 10 divertor locations to intercept some of the plasma flux and reduce the heat load on these divertor edge elements. Each scraper element may experience a 500-kW steady-state power load, with localized heat fluxes as high as 20 MW/m(2). Computational analysis has been performed to examine the thermal integrity of the scraper element. The peak temperature in the carbon-carbon fiber composite, the total pressure drop in the cooling water, and the increase in water temperature must all be examined to stay within specific design limits. Computational fluid dynamics modeling is performed to examine the flow paths through the multiple monoblock fingers as well as the thermal transfer through the monoblock swirl tube channels. C1 [Lumsdaine, Arnold; Harris, Jeffrey; McGinnis, Dean; Lore, Jeremy D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Boscary, Jean; Peacock, Alan; Tretter, Joerg] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Clark, Emily; Ekici, Kivanc] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Tipton, Joseph] Univ Evansville, Evansville, IN 47714 USA. RP Lumsdaine, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lumsdainea@ornl.gov; jean.boscary@ipp.mpg.de; ebuckman@utk.edu; ekici@utk.edu; harrisjh@ornl.gov; mcginniswd@ornl.gov; lorejd@ornl.gov; alan.peacock@ipp.mpg.de; tiptonjb@ornl.gov; joerg.tretter@ipp.mpg.de OI Tipton, Joseph/0000-0002-1978-1076; Lore, Jeremy/0000-0002-9192-465X FU UT-Battelle, LLC through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 through the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 545 EP 551 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2304695 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400023 ER PT J AU Zhou, LH Vieira, R Harrison, S Karnes, D Lipschultz, B AF Zhou, Lihua Vieira, Rui Harrison, Soren Karnes, Dan Lipschultz, Bruce TI Thermal FEA for Alcator C-Mod Advanced Outer Divertor SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Alcator C-Mod; heat transfer; outer divertor; plasma; thermal; tokamak ID UPGRADE AB An advanced outer divertor is being developed for Alcator C-Mod to study reactor fuel (tritium) retention and plasma wall material interaction physics at reactor temperatures with high power long-pulse discharges. The divertor will be operated at controlled temperature of 600 degrees C. To achieve this goal, the divertor will be structurally and electrically continuous along the toroidal direction, requiring it to expand radially as temperature increases. This paper describes the thermal finite element analysis (FEA) and results of the outer divertor. There are four aspects, with focus on the A-Frame assembly. First of all, a one twentieth module of the full divertor is composed of divertor tiles, tile mounting plate, heaters, divertor gusset, A-Frame support, spherical bearings, bracket, halo current shunt, vessel gusset, and so on. By adjusting the power of each of the seven toroidal divertor heaters, the tiles achieve a uniform temperature poloidally with toroidal temperature variation within allowables. The temperature of each component is evaluated, and results are used to support the design changes. Second, radiation simulation on multilayer radiation shields behind divertor plate is presented. Third, radiation simulation of the diverter heater itself is done to understand more details of heat transfer from the heater to the surrounding tiles and support plates. Finally, thermal analysis is completed with a model including a tile and its mounting plate, to predict the effect of plasma heat load on divertor tiles. All the thermal FEA was performed with COMSOL, a commercial FEA software. C1 [Zhou, Lihua; Vieira, Rui; Lipschultz, Bruce] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Harrison, Soren; Karnes, Dan] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08536 USA. RP Zhou, LH (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM lihua@psfc.mit.edu; vieira@psfc.mit.edu; harrison1@psfc.mit.edu; karnes@psfc.mit.edu; blip@psfc.mit.edu RI Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012 OI Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684 FU U.S. DoE [DE-FC02-99ER54512] FX This work was supported by the U.S. DoE under Award DE-FC02-99ER54512. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 563 EP 567 DI 10.1109/TPS.2013.2295533 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400025 ER PT J AU Canik, JM Gray, TK Maingi, R Menard, JE AF Canik, John M. Gray, Travis K. Maingi, Rajesh Menard, Jon E. TI Feasibility of Power and Particle Handling in an ST-FNSF and the Effects of Divertor Geometry SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE) CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE Divertor; fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF) ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; PLASMA PARAMETERS; B2-EIRENE; ITER AB A spherical tokamak (ST) configuration is attractive as the basis for a fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF), due to its small size and relatively low cost. However, the compactness of the ST also exacerbates the power and particle handling problems anticipated in next-step devices, since local fluxes are higher and less space is available for optimizing plasma-facing components. On the other hand, novel divertor geometries that have recently been developed such as the snowflake and super-X divertors can be especially effective at reducing heat fluxes in an ST, helping to meet the exhaust challenge. Here, we present an analysis of the power and particle handling requirements of a candidate ST-FNSF, based on 0-D exhaust projections as well as 2-D edge plasma modeling using the SOLPS code. Both conventional and novel divertor geometries are considered. These show that, for reasonable assumptions on cross-field transport, operating points can be identified that are consistent with both core plasma operation and power and particle exhaust requirements, and these operating points are more easily accessible with novel divertors. C1 [Canik, John M.; Gray, Travis K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Maingi, Rajesh; Menard, Jon E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Canik, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM canikjm@ornl.gov; tkgray@pppl.gov; rmaingi@pppl.gov; jmenard@pppl.gov OI Gray, Travis/0000-0001-8220-8195; Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and Contract DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 SI SI BP 573 EP 579 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2304679 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZM UT WOS:000332963400027 ER PT J AU Statom, TK AF Statom, T. K. TI Pulsed Discharge Irradiance Reaction Identification SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric-pressure plasmas; electric breakdown; plasma chemistry; radiometry ID RADIOMETRY; SATELLITE; PRESSURE; HELIUM; PLASMA AB This paper presents the application of a theoretically developed method, which when applied to a pulsed irradiance signal can provide information about the underlying chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics. The theoretical development uses a combination of state-space, Laplace transform, least-square, and correlation techniques to determine chemical kinetic and reaction dynamic terms from a pulsed discharge. The waveform irradiance signals come from a space-based optical radiometer. Four pulsed radiometry irradiance waveforms are examined where the reaction order, rate constant, and reaction rates are investigated. The application of the theory and the commensurate results demonstrate that irradiance signals obtained under similar circumstances come from distinct pulsed discharge conditions. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. RP Statom, TK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM tstatom@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 BP 833 EP 838 DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2301275 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AD0ZV UT WOS:000332964400020 ER PT J AU Hanna, E Fettweis, X Mernild, SH Cappelen, J Ribergaard, MH Shuman, CA Steffen, K Wood, L Mote, TL AF Hanna, Edward Fettweis, Xavier Mernild, Sebastian H. Cappelen, John Ribergaard, Mads H. Shuman, Christopher A. Steffen, Konrad Wood, Len Mote, Thomas L. TI Atmospheric and oceanic climate forcing of the exceptional Greenland ice sheet surface melt in summer 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; global warming; Greenland; surface melt extent; temperature ID MODEL MAR; RUNOFF; SYSTEM; EXTENT AB The NASA announcement of record surface melting of the Greenland ice sheet in July 2012 led us to examine the atmospheric and oceanic climatic anomalies that are likely to have contributed to these exceptional conditions and also to ask the question of how unusual these anomalies were compared to available records. Our analysis allows us to assess the relative contributions of these two key influences to both the extreme melt event and ongoing climate change. In 2012, as in recent warm summers since 2007, a blocking high pressure feature, associated with negative NAO conditions, was present in the mid-troposphere over Greenland for much of the summer. This circulation pattern advected relatively warm southerly winds over the western flank of the ice sheet, forming a heat dome' over Greenland that led to the widespread surface melting. Both sea-surface temperature and sea-ice cover anomalies seem to have played a minimal role in this record melt, relative to atmospheric circulation. Two representative coastal climatological station averages and several individual stations in south, west and north-west Greenland set new surface air temperature records for May, June, July and the whole (JJA) summer. The unusually warm summer 2012 conditions extended to the top of the ice sheet at Summit, where our reanalysed (1994-2012) DMI Summit weather station summer (JJA) temperature series set new record high mean and extreme temperatures in 2012; 3-hourly instantaneous 2-m temperatures reached an exceptional value of 2.2 degrees C at Summit on 11 July 2012. These conditions translated into the record observed ice-sheet wide melt during summer 2012. However, 2012 seems not to be climatically representative of future average' summers projected this century. C1 [Hanna, Edward] Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Fettweis, Xavier] Univ Liege, Dept Geog, Climatol Lab, Liege, Belgium. [Mernild, Sebastian H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modelling Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Mernild, Sebastian H.] Ctr Estudios Cient, Ctr Sci Studies, Glaciol & Climate Change Lab, Valdivia, Chile. [Cappelen, John] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Ribergaard, Mads H.] Danish Meteorol Inst, Ctr Ocean & Ice, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Shuman, Christopher A.] Univ Maryland, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Shuman, Christopher A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Steffen, Konrad] WSL, Swiss Fed Res Inst, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Steffen, Konrad] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmosphere & Climate, Zurich, Switzerland. [Steffen, Konrad] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Wood, Len] Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. [Mote, Thomas L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hanna, E (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. EM ehanna@sheffield.ac.uk RI Steffen, Konrad/C-6027-2013; Hanna, Edward/H-2219-2016; OI Steffen, Konrad/0000-0001-8658-1026; Hanna, Edward/0000-0002-8683-182X; Fettweis, Xavier/0000-0002-4140-3813; Mote, Thomas/0000-0002-0021-0134 FU NASA MEaSUREs program; Climate Change Prediction Program; Scientific Discovery for Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Director's Fellowship; LANL Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics; NASA's Cryospheric Program; Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation FX NASA MEaSUREs program supported the passive microwave surface melt product produced at the University of Georgia. The SnowModel work was supported by the Climate Change Prediction Program and Scientific Discovery for Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Director's Fellowship, and LANL Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics. Thanks to the Program for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE), Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, the Danish Meteorological Institute, the University of Utrecht, and the Greenland Climate Network (GC-Net) and the University of Colorado at Boulder for providing meteorological station observations. The GC-Net has been supported by NASA's Cryospheric Program with additional logistic support by the US-NSF Office of Polar Program. NOAA near-surface air temperature data are courtesy of Thomas Mefford (NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory Boulder, Colorado and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder) with additional processing by CAS and Michael J. Schnaubelt (University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology and Department of Physics, Baltimore, Maryland). The study received financial support from the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation and is a part of the Greenland Climate Research Centre. NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data (Kalnay et al., 1996) plots were produced using the NOAA/ESRL Physical Sciences Division, Boulder Colorado website at . NAO Index data (Hurrell et al., 2012) were provided by the Climate Analysis Section, NCAR, Boulder, USA. SST data were provided by NOAA/ESRL and NCEP. EH thanks Grant Bigg and Tom Cropper for useful comments, and Paul Coles for help with drawing figures. NR 46 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-8418 EI 1097-0088 J9 INT J CLIMATOL JI Int. J. Climatol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 34 IS 4 BP 1022 EP 1037 DI 10.1002/joc.3743 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC9DG UT WOS:000332833900007 ER PT J AU Kajimoto, M Atkinson, DB Ledee, DR Kayser, EB Morgan, PG Sedensky, MM Isern, NG Des Rosiers, C Portman, MA AF Kajimoto, Masaki Atkinson, Douglas B. Ledee, Dolena R. Kayser, Ernst-Bernhard Morgan, Phil G. Sedensky, Margaret M. Isern, Nancy G. Des Rosiers, Christine Portman, Michael A. TI Propofol compared with isoflurane inhibits mitochondrial metabolism in immature swine cerebral cortex SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE anesthesia; energy metabolism; glucose; mitochondria; MR spectroscopy ID EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; RAT-BRAIN; EARLY EXPOSURE; FATTY-ACID; IN-VIVO; ANESTHESIA; OXIDATION; NMR; PHOSPHORYLATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Anesthetics used in infants and children are implicated in the development of neurocognitive disorders. Although propofol induces neuroapoptosis in developing brain, the underlying mechanisms require elucidation and may have an energetic basis. We studied substrate utilization in immature swine anesthetized with either propofol or isoflurane for 4 hours. Piglets were infused with 13Carbon-labeled glucose and leucine in the common carotid artery to assess citric acid cycle (CAC) metabolism in the parietal cortex. The anesthetics produced similar systemic hemodynamics and cerebral oxygen saturation by near-infrared spectroscopy. Compared with isoflurane, propofol depleted ATP and glycogen stores. Propofol decreased pools of the CAC intermediates, citrate, and alpha-ketoglutarate, while markedly increasing succinate along with decreasing mitochondrial complex II activity. Propofol also inhibited acetyl-CoA entry into the CAC through pyruvate dehydrogenase, while promoting glycolytic flux with marked lactate accumulation. Although oxygen supply appeared similar between the anesthetic groups, propofol yielded a metabolic phenotype that resembled a hypoxic state. Propofol impairs substrate flux through the CAC in the immature cerebral cortex. These impairments occurred without systemic metabolic perturbations that typically accompany propofol infusion syndrome. These metabolic abnormalities may have a role in the neurotoxity observed with propofol in the vulnerable immature brain. C1 [Kajimoto, Masaki; Atkinson, Douglas B.; Ledee, Dolena R.; Kayser, Ernst-Bernhard; Morgan, Phil G.; Sedensky, Margaret M.; Portman, Michael A.] Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Dev Therapeut, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Isern, Nancy G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Des Rosiers, Christine] Univ Montreal, Dept Nutr, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Des Rosiers, Christine] Montreal Heart Inst, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada. [Portman, Michael A.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Portman, MA (reprint author), Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Dev Therapeut, 1900 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM michael.portman@seattlechildrens.org RI Des Rosiers, Christine/O-6285-2014 FU National Institutes of Health [R01HL60666] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health R01HL60666 to MA Portman. A portion of the research was performed using Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0271-678X EI 1559-7016 J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 514 EP 521 DI 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.229 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA AC2QD UT WOS:000332348100019 PM 24398942 ER PT J AU Lu, J Sun, LT Wu, YT Chen, G AF Lu, Jian Sun, Lantao Wu, Yutian Chen, Gang TI The Role of Subtropical Irreversible PV Mixing in the Zonal Mean Circulation Response to Global Warming-Like Thermal Forcing SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE Wave breaking; Potential vorticity; Hadley circulation; Annular mode; Atmospheric circulation ID ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL-CIRCULATION; AMPLITUDE WAVE ACTIVITY; HADLEY-CELL; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; EDDY DIFFUSIVITY; PLANETARY-WAVES; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; PART II; MODEL; TROPOSPHERE AB The atmospheric circulation response to the global warming-like tropical upper tropospheric heating is revisited using a dry atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) in light of new diagnostics based on the concept of finite-amplitude wave activity (FAWA) on equivalent latitude. For a given tropical heating profile, the linear Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) wave refraction analysis sometimes gives a very different and even opposite prediction of the eddy momentum flux response to that of the actual full model simulation, exposing the limitation of the traditional linear approach in understanding the full dynamics of the atmospheric response under global warming. The implementation of the FAWA diagnostics reveals that in response to the upper tropospheric heating, effective diffusivity-a measure of the mixing efficiency-increases and advances upward and poleward in the subtropics and the resultant enhancement and the poleward encroachment of eddy potential vorticity mixing leads to a poleward displaced potential vorticity (PV) gradient peak in the upper troposphere. The anomalous eddy PV flux, in balance with the PV dissipation, gives rise to a poleward shift in the eddy-driven jet and eddy-driven mean meridional circulation. Sensitivity experiments show that these irreversible dissipation processes in the upper troposphere are robust, regardless of the width of the tropical heating. C1 [Lu, Jian] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sun, Lantao] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Wu, Yutian] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Chen, Gang] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Lu, J (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jian.lu@pnnl.gov RI Chen, Gang/I-3305-2012; Sun, Lantao/D-9948-2015 OI Chen, Gang/0000-0003-4934-1909; Sun, Lantao/0000-0001-8578-9175 FU NSF [ATM-1064045, ATM-1064079]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program; Battelle Memoiral Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX JL acknowledges Edwin Schneider for his internal review when the more primitive version of the manuscript was published as an internal technical report at COLA. The manuscript also benefited sub-stantively from the very constructive comments from Nili Harnik and Gwendal Riviere and a third anonymous reviewer. JL is supported by NSF Grant ATM-1064045 and partly by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memoiral Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. LS and GC are supported by NSF Grant ATM-1064079. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 27 IS 6 BP 2297 EP 2316 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00372.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC7CO UT WOS:000332684800005 ER PT J AU Landu, K Leung, LR Hagos, S Vinoj, V Rauscher, SA Ringler, T Taylor, M AF Landu, Kiranmayi Leung, L. Ruby Hagos, Samson Vinoj, V. Rauscher, Sara A. Ringler, Todd Taylor, Mark TI The Dependence of ITCZ Structure on Model Resolution and Dynamical Core in Aquaplanet Simulations SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE Waves, atmospheric; Climate models; Feedback; Intertropical convergence zone ID CENTROIDAL VORONOI TESSELLATIONS; INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE; AQUA-PLANET SIMULATIONS; TROPICAL PRECIPITATION; HADLEY CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERIC-MODEL; CLOUDS; ENERGY; TEMPERATURE; SENSITIVITY AB Aquaplanet simulations using the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4), with the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) and High-Order Method Modeling Environment (HOMME) dynamical cores and using zonally symmetric sea surface temperature (SST) structure are studied to understand the dependence of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) structure on resolution and dynamical core. While all resolutions in HOMME and the low-resolution MPAS-A simulations give a single equatorial peak in zonal mean precipitation, the high-resolution MPAS-A simulations give a double ITCZ with precipitation peaking around 2 degrees-3 degrees on either side of the equator. This study reveals that the structure of ITCZ is dependent on the feedbacks between convection and large-scale circulation. It is shown that the difference in specific humidity between HOMME and MPAS-A can lead to different latitudinal distributions of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) by influencing latent heat release by clouds and the upper-tropospheric temperature. With lower specific humidity, the high-resolution MPAS-A simulation has CAPE increasing away from the equator that enhances convection away from the equator and, through a positive feedback on the circulation, results in a double ITCZ structure. In addition, it is shown that the dominance of antisymmetric waves in the model is not enough to cause double ITCZ, and the lateral extent of equatorial waves does not play an important role in determining the width of the ITCZ but rather the latter may influence the former. C1 [Landu, Kiranmayi; Leung, L. Ruby; Hagos, Samson; Vinoj, V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Rauscher, Sara A.; Ringler, Todd] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Taylor, Mark] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Landu, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kiranmayi.landu@pnnl.gov RI Vinoj, V./C-3241-2008 OI Vinoj, V./0000-0001-8573-6073 FU Department of Energy Regional and Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) Program through the project "Development of frameworks for robust regional modeling''; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO1830] FX This study was funded by the Department of Energy Regional and Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) Program through the project "Development of frameworks for robust regional modeling.'' We thank Prof. Eric D. Maloney of Colorado State University for constructive discussions on analysis of the equatorial waves. We thank Dr. Jin-Ho Yoon for constructive reviews in improving the quality of the manuscript. Thanks also go to Dr. Hui Wan at PNNL for insightful discussions. PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 27 IS 6 BP 2375 EP 2385 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00269.1 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC7CO UT WOS:000332684800010 ER PT J AU Slysz, GW Steinke, L Ward, DM Klatt, CG Clauss, TRW Purvine, SO Payne, SH Anderson, GA Smith, RD Lipton, MS AF Slysz, Gordon W. Steinke, Laurey Ward, David M. Klatt, Christian G. Clauss, Therese R. W. Purvine, Samuel O. Payne, Samuel H. Anderson, Gordon A. Smith, Richard D. Lipton, Mary S. TI Automated Data Extraction from In Situ Protein-Stable Isotope Probing Studies SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE stable isotope probing; C-13 labeling; carbon metabolism; proteomics; bioinformatics; metaproteomics ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; H/D EXCHANGE-MS; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SOFTWARE PACKAGE; PROTEOMICS DATA; ACCURATE MASS; SPECTROMETRY; SIP; QUANTIFICATION AB Protein-stable isotope probing (protein-SIP) has strong potential for revealing key metabolizing taxa in complex microbial communities. While most protein-SIP work to date has been performed under controlled laboratory conditions to allow extensive isotope labeling of the target organism(s), a key application will be in situ studies of microbial communities for short periods of time under natural conditions that result in small degrees of partial labeling. One hurdle restricting large-scale in situ protein-SIP studies is the lack of algorithms and software for automated data processing of the massive data sets resulting from such studies. In response, we developed Stable Isotope Probing Protein Extraction Resources software (SIPPER) and applied it for large-scale extraction and visualization of data from short-term (3 h) protein-SIP experiments performed in situ on phototrophic bacterial mats isolated from Yellowstone National Park. Several metrics incorporated into the software allow it to support exhaustive analysis of the complex composite isotopic envelope observed as a result of low amounts of partial label incorporation. SIPPER also enables the detection of labeled molecular species without the need for any prior identification. C1 [Slysz, Gordon W.; Clauss, Therese R. W.; Purvine, Samuel O.; Payne, Samuel H.; Anderson, Gordon A.; Smith, Richard D.; Lipton, Mary S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Steinke, Laurey] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Ward, David M.; Klatt, Christian G.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Lipton, MS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM mary.lipton@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Lipton, Mary/H-3913-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Payne, Samuel/0000-0002-8351-1994 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DOE/BER) Genome Sciences Program under the Pan-omics and Fundamental Science Focus Area projects; National Science Foundation [EF 0805385]; NASA Exobiology Program; NSF IGERT program [DGE 0654336]; Nebraska Research Initiative FX Portions of this research were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DOE/BER) Genome Sciences Program under the Pan-omics and Fundamental Science Focus Area projects. Work was performed in the Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, a DOE/BER national scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. L.S. and D.M.W. acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation (EF 0805385). D.M.W. also acknowledges support from the NASA Exobiology Program and the NSF IGERT program (DGE 0654336). We appreciate the assistance of Tracy Cheever during the field expedition, and the technical assistance of Michele Fontaine. The UNMC Protein Structure Core Facility, supported by the Nebraska Research Initiative, was instrumental in the completion of this work. This study was conducted under Yellowstone National Park permits YELL-0129 (D.M.W.) and YELL-0567 (LS.). The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and assistance of National Park Service Personnel at Yellowstone National Park. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1200 EP 1210 DI 10.1021/pr400633j PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC8AV UT WOS:000332756300004 PM 24467184 ER PT J AU Li, Z Czarnecki, O Chourey, K Yang, J Tuskan, GA Hurst, GB Pan, CL Chen, JG AF Li, Zhou Czarnecki, Olaf Chourey, Karuna Yang, Jun Tuskan, Gerald A. Hurst, Gregory B. Pan, Chongle Chen, Jin-Gui TI Strigolactone-Regulated Proteins Revealed by iTRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomics in Arabidopsis SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; GR24; iTRAQ; MORE AXILLARY GROWTH (MAX); proteomics; strigolactones ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; TILLER BUD OUTGROWTH; PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; ACTS DOWNSTREAM; PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEED-GERMINATION AB Strigolactones (SLs) are a new class of plant hormones. In addition to acting as a key inhibitor of shoot branching, SLs stimulate seed germination of root parasitic plants and promote hyphal branching and root colonization of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. They also regulate many other aspects of plant growth and development. At the transcription level, SL-regulated genes have been reported. However, nothing is known about the proteome regulated by this new class of plant hormones. A quantitative proteomics approach using an isobaric chemical labeling reagent, iTRAQ, to identify the proteome regulated by SLs in Arabidopsis seedlings is presented. It was found that SLs regulate the expression of about three dozen proteins that have not been previously assigned to SL pathways. These findings provide a new tool to investigate the molecular mechanism of action of SLs. C1 [Li, Zhou; Chourey, Karuna; Hurst, Gregory B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Czarnecki, Olaf; Yang, Jun; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Chen, Jin-Gui] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pan, Chongle] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Li, Zhou] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Chen, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chenj@ornl.gov RI Chen, Jin-Gui/A-4773-2011; Li, Zhou/L-7976-2015; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; OI Chen, Jin-Gui/0000-0002-1752-4201; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Hurst, Gregory/0000-0002-7650-8009; , /0000-0002-9216-3813 FU Plant-Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area in the Genomic Science Program, United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (Seed Money Fund) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Plant-Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area in the Genomic Science Program, United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The early phase of this work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (Seed Money Fund) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 114 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1359 EP 1372 DI 10.1021/pr400925t PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC8AV UT WOS:000332756300018 PM 24559214 ER PT J AU Austin, RA McDowell, DL Benson, DJ AF Austin, Ryan A. McDowell, David L. Benson, David J. TI The deformation and mixing of several Ni/Al powders under shock wave loading: effects of initial configuration SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE metallic powders; shock wave loading; finite element simulation; viscoplasticity; reactant mixing; shock ignition ID INDUCED CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; COMPRESSION RESPONSE; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; COPPER-POWDER; MIXTURES; MESOSCALE; ALUMINUM; VELOCITY; NICKEL AB The shock wave initiation of ultra-fast chemical reactions in inorganic powder mixtures requires the reactants to be blended within the shock front or shortly behind it. As such, the details of particle deformation are crucial to understanding the sequence of events leading up to the shock initiation of these systems. It is known that the initial configuration of a powder (i.e. the mixture composition and particle morphology) can have a significant effect on the degree of mixing that is achieved under shock wave loading. However, it is difficult to fully resolve this mixing behaviour in shock compression experiments due to the time and length scales involved. In this work, the shock wave deformation and mixing of six distinct Ni/Al powders are studied at the particle level using finite element simulation. Attention is focused on the Ni/Al interfaces that are formed since overall mixture reactivity depends on the specific amount of reactant interfacial area and on conditions induced at those interfaces. The analysis reveals (i) a rank ordering of the powders based on reactant interfacial area formation, (ii) a scaling relation for the rate of Ni/Al interface production and (iii) the distributed nature of Ni/Al interface temperature and dislocation density over a range of shock stress. Finally, it is shown that particle velocity differentials tend to develop across Ni/Al interfaces when the compacted powders are reshocked by reflection waves. The velocity differentials stem from the heterogeneity of the aggregates and are hypothesized to drive fragmentation processes that enable ultra-fast reactions on a sub-microsecond time scale. C1 [Austin, Ryan A.; McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Benson, David J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Austin, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM austin28@llnl.gov RI Austin, Ryan/J-9003-2014 FU NDSEG; NSF CMMI [0758265]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-635678)] FX This research was carried out under the support of the NDSEG fellowship programme and the AFRL Munitions Directorate (Y Horie, technical monitor). DLM is grateful for the support of the Carter N Paden, Jr Distinguished Chair in Metals Processing and NSF CMMI grant 0758265 on Multiresolution, Coarse-Grained Modelling of 3D Dislocation Nucleation and Migration. This work was performed, in part, under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-635678). NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 AR 025018 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025018 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AC9DN UT WOS:000332834600018 ER PT J AU Baskes, MI Srinivasan, SG AF Baskes, M. I. Srinivasan, S. G. TI The embedded atom method ansatz: validation and violation SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE EAM; DFT; potentials ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FCC METALS; IMPURITIES; SURFACES AB The addition of the embedding energy term to pair interaction contribution has made the embedded atom method (EAM) potentials a simple and vastly superior alternative to popular classical pair potentials. EAM relies on the ansatz that the embedding energy is a function of a linear superposition of spherically averaged atomic electron densities. This ansatz is taken to be self-evident and inviolate. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations of a model face-centered cubic (fcc) Cu system, we systematically investigate the validity of this foundational ansatz of EAM. We conclude that it (1) agrees well with DFT calculations along a path with changing coordination and symmetry, (2) captures the exponential decrease of the background electron density with respect to distance, (3) demonstrates transferability as seen by agreement of electron densities for other non-fcc structures with first nearest neighbor (NN) coordination ranging from 4 to 12 and (4) fails to explain the behavior of background electron density with respect to second NN distance and arrangements. This failure may be remedied by including a fraction of the second N Natomic electron density in the background electron density, including angular contributions to the density, or including electron density rearrangement. These insights likely make EAM approaches more broadly applicable, more predictive and perhaps unique, and in the process broadly impact atomistic modeling. A new EAM potential is presented that for the first time reproduces electron densities from DFT calculations as well as experimental properties of Cu in the potential fitting. C1 [Baskes, M. I.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Baskes, M. I.; Srinivasan, S. G.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Baskes, MI (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM baskes@lanl.gov; srinivasan.srivilliputhur@unt.edu FU National Science Foundation [0846444] FX We thank G Henkelman for helpful discussions and S Foiles for the use of his computer code. SGS thanks National Science Foundation for support (Award No 0846444). We used the Talon cluster at UNT. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 AR 025025 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025025 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AC9DN UT WOS:000332834600025 ER PT J AU Li, YL Hu, SY Zhang, L Sun, X AF Li, Yulan Hu, Shenyang Zhang, Lei Sun, Xin TI Non-classical nuclei and growth kinetics of Cr precipitates in FeCr alloys during ageing SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE critical nucleus; nucleation barrier; dimer method; phase-field approach; FeCr alloys ID SHRINKING DIMER DYNAMICS; SADDLE-POINT SEARCH; ATOMIC-SCALE; PHASE; TRANSFORMATIONS; MORPHOLOGIES AB In this manuscript, we have quantitatively calculated the thermodynamic properties of the critical nuclei of Cr precipitates in FeCr alloys. The concentration profiles of the critical nuclei and nucleation energy barriers were predicted by the constrained shrinking dimer dynamics method. It is found that Cr concentration distribution in the critical nuclei strongly depends on the overall Cr concentration as well as on the temperature. The critical nuclei are non-classical because the concentration in the nuclei is smaller than the thermodynamic equilibrium value. These results are in agreement with atomic probe observation. The growth kinetics of both classical and non-classical nuclei was investigated by the phase-field approach. The simulations of critical nucleus evolution showed a number of interesting phenomena: (1) a critical classical nucleus first shrinks toward its non-classical nucleus and then grows; (2) a non-classical nucleus has much slower growth kinetics at its earlier growth stage compared to the diffusion-controlled growth kinetics and (3) a critical classical nucleus grows faster at the earlier growth stage than does a non-classical nucleus. All of these results demonstrate that it is critical to introduce the correct critical nuclei in order to correctly capture the kinetics of precipitation. C1 [Li, Yulan; Hu, Shenyang; Sun, Xin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Zhang, Lei] Peking Univ, Beijing Int Ctr Math Res, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Li, YL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yulan.li@pnnl.gov OI HU, Shenyang/0000-0002-7187-3082 FU US Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program in Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program in Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), which is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract No DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 AR 025002 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025002 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AC9DN UT WOS:000332834600002 ER PT J AU Sandoval, L Campbell, GH Marian, J AF Sandoval, Luis Campbell, Geoffrey H. Marian, Jaime TI Thermodynamic interpretation of reactive processes in Ni-Al nanolayers from atomistic simulations SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Ni-Al; molecular dynamics; free energies ID FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MULTILAYER THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LIQUID; PHASE; MODELS; ALLOYS; INTERFACE; DIFFUSION; NI3AL AB Metals that can form intermetallic compounds by exothermic reactions constitute a class of reactive materials with multiple applications. Ni-Al laminates of thin alternating layers are being considered as model nanometric metallic multilayers for studying various reaction processes. However, the reaction kinetics at short timescales after mixing are not entirely understood. In this work, we calculate the free energies of Ni-Al alloys as a function of composition and temperature for different solid phases using thermodynamic integration based on state-of-the-art interatomic potentials. We use this information to interpret molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of bilayer systems at 800K and zero pressure, both in isothermal and isenthalpic conditions. We find that a disordered phase always forms upon mixing as a precursor to a more stable nano crystalline B2 phase. We construe the reactions observed in terms of thermodynamic trajectories governed by the state variables computed. Simulated times of up to 30 ns were achieved, which provides a window to phenomena not previously observed in MD simulations. Our results provide insight into the early experimental reaction timescales and suggest that the path (segregated reactants)->(disordered phase)->(B2 structure) is always realized irrespective of the imposed boundary conditions. C1 [Sandoval, Luis; Campbell, Geoffrey H.; Marian, Jaime] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sandoval, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T1, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Sandoval, Luis/B-2221-2009 OI Sandoval, Luis/0000-0002-1172-7972 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; DOE's Early Career Research Program FX We thank Dr A Caro for critically reviewing the manuscript. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The contributions of LS and GHC to this work were supported by DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. JM acknowledges support from the DOE's Early Career Research Program. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 29 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 AR 025022 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025022 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AC9DN UT WOS:000332834600022 ER PT J AU Sills, RB Cai, W AF Sills, Ryan B. Cai, Wei TI Efficient time integration in dislocation dynamics SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE dislocation dynamics; time integrator; implicit method; subcycling ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MESOSCOPIC SCALE; SIMULATIONS; CRYSTALS AB The efficiencies of one implicit and three explicit time integrators have been compared in line dislocation dynamics simulations using two test cases: a collapsing loop and a Frank-Read (FR) source with a jog. The time-step size and computational efficiency of the explicit integrators is shown to become severely limited due to the presence of so-called stiff modes, which include the oscillatory zig-zag motion of discretization nodes and orientation fluctuations of the jog. In the stability-limited regime dictated by these stiff modes, the implicit integrator shows superior efficiency when using a Jacobian that only accounts for short-range interactions due to elasticity and line tension. However, when a stable dislocation dipole forms during a jogged FR source simulation, even the implicit integrator suffers a substantial drop in the time-step size. To restore computational efficiency, a time-step subcycling algorithm is tested, in which the nodes involved in the dipole are integrated over multiple smaller, local time steps, while the remaining nodes take a single larger, global time step. The time-step subcycling method leads to substantial efficiency gain when combined with either an implicit or an explicit integrator. C1 [Sills, Ryan B.; Cai, Wei] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sills, Ryan B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sills, RB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM rbsills@stanford.edu OI Cai, Wei/0000-0001-5919-8734 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0010412]; Sandia National Laboratories; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award No. DE-SC0010412 (WC), and by Sandia National Laboratories (RBS). Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We would like to thank William P Kuykendall for conducting two-dimensional DD simulations in support of the stability analysis of dipoles. We thank Dr A Arsenlis at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for useful discussions. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 IS 2 AR 025003 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025003 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AC9DN UT WOS:000332834600003 ER PT J AU Meyer, JG Kim, S Maltby, DA Ghassemian, M Bandeira, N Komives, EA AF Meyer, Jesse G. Kim, Sangtae Maltby, David A. Ghassemian, Majid Bandeira, Nuno Komives, Elizabeth A. TI Expanding Proteome Coverage with Orthogonal-specificity-Lytic Proteases SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; STATISTICAL CHARACTERIZATION; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; DATABASE SEARCH; SERINE-PROTEASE; CHARGE-STATE; ACTIVE-SITE; LOW-ENERGY; SPECTRA AB Bottom-up proteomics studies traditionally involve proteome digestion with a single protease, trypsin. However, trypsin alone does not generate peptides that encompass the entire proteome. Alternative proteases have been explored, but most have specificity for charged amino acid side chains. Therefore, additional proteases that improve proteome coverage through cleavage at sequences complementary to trypsin's may increase proteome coverage. We demonstrate the novel application of two proteases for bottom-up proteomics: wild type -lytic protease (WaLP) and an active site mutant of WaLP, M190A -lytic protease (MaLP). We assess several relevant factors, including MS/MS fragmentation, peptide length, peptide yield, and protease specificity. When data from separate digestions with trypsin, LysC, WaLP, and MaLP were combined, proteome coverage was increased by 101% relative to that achieved with trypsin digestion alone. To demonstrate how the gained sequence coverage can yield additional post-translational modification information, we show the identification of a number of novel phosphorylation sites in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe proteome and include an illustrative example from the protein MPD2 wherein two novel sites are identified, one in a tryptic peptide too short to identify and the other in a sequence devoid of tryptic sites. The specificity of WaLP and MaLP for aliphatic amino acid side chains was particularly valuable for coverage of membrane protein sequences, which increased 350% when the data from trypsin, LysC, WaLP, and MaLP were combined. C1 [Meyer, Jesse G.; Ghassemian, Majid; Komives, Elizabeth A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kim, Sangtae] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Maltby, David A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. RP Komives, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM ekomives@ucsd.edu FU Interfaces Training Grant [T32EB009380]; NSF [MCB1244506]; NIH [3-P41-GM103484] FX J.G.M. was supported by the Interfaces Training Grant (T32EB009380). This work was supported by generous funding from the NSF (MCB1244506) to E.A.K. and by funding from the NIH (3-P41-GM103484) to N.B. The Proteome Coverage Summarizer software tool from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (OMICS.PNNL.GOV) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 EI 1535-9484 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 823 EP 835 DI 10.1074/mcp.M113.034710 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC3BX UT WOS:000332391100010 PM 24425750 ER PT J AU Carr, SA Abbatiello, SE Ackermann, BL Borchers, C Domon, B Deutsch, EW Grant, RP Hoofnagle, AN Huttenhain, R Koomen, JM Liebler, DC Liu, T MacLean, B Mani, D Mansfield, E Neubert, H Paulovich, AG Reiter, L Vitek, O Aebersold, R Anderson, L Bethem, R Blonder, J Boja, E Botelho, J Boyne, M Bradshaw, RA Burlingame, AL Chan, D Keshishian, H Kuhn, E Kinsinger, C Lee, JSH Lee, SW Moritz, R Oses-Prieto, J Rifai, N Ritchie, J Rodriguez, H Srinivas, PR Townsend, RR Van Eyk, J Whiteley, G Wiita, A Weintraub, S AF Carr, Steven A. Abbatiello, Susan E. Ackermann, Bradley L. Borchers, Christoph Domon, Bruno Deutsch, Eric W. Grant, Russell P. Hoofnagle, Andrew N. Huettenhain, Ruth Koomen, John M. Liebler, Daniel C. Liu, Tao MacLean, Brendan Mani, D. R. Mansfield, Elizabeth Neubert, Hendrik Paulovich, Amanda G. Reiter, Lukas Vitek, Olga Aebersold, Ruedi Anderson, Leigh Bethem, Robert Blonder, Josip Boja, Emily Botelho, Julianne Boyne, Michael Bradshaw, Ralph A. Burlingame, Alma L. Chan, Daniel Keshishian, Hasmik Kuhn, Eric Kinsinger, Christopher Lee, Jerry S. H. Lee, Sang-Won Moritz, Robert Oses-Prieto, Juan Rifai, Nader Ritchie, James Rodriguez, Henry Srinivas, Pothur R. Townsend, R. Reid Van Eyk, Jennifer Whiteley, Gordon Wiita, Arun Weintraub, Susan TI Targeted Peptide Measurements in Biology and Medicine: Best Practices for Mass Spectrometry- based Assay Development Using a Fit- for- Purpose Approach SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID DATA-INDEPENDENT ACQUISITION; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION DATA; EUROPEAN BIOANALYSIS FORUM; LC-MS/MS ASSAY; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; INBORN-ERRORS; ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY AB Adoption of targeted mass spectrometry (MS) approaches such as multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to study biological and biomedical questions is well underway in the proteomics community. Successful application depends on the ability to generate reliable assays that uniquely and confidently identify target peptides in a sample. Unfortunately, there is a wide range of criteria being applied to say that an assay has been successfully developed. There is no consensus on what criteria are acceptable and little understanding of the impact of variable criteria on the quality of the results generated. Publications describing targeted MS assays for peptides frequently do not contain sufficient information for readers to establish confidence that the tests work as intended or to be able to apply the tests described in their own labs. Guidance must be developed so that targeted MS assays with established performance can be made widely distributed and applied by many labs worldwide. To begin to address the problems and their solutions, a workshop was held at the National Institutes of Health with representatives from the multiple communities developing and employing targeted MS assays. Participants discussed the analytical goals of their experiments and the experimental evidence needed to establish that the assays they develop work as intended and are achieving the required levels of performance. Using this fit-for-purpose approach, the group defined three tiers of assays distinguished by their performance and extent of analytical characterization. Computational and statistical tools useful for the analysis of targeted MS results were described. Participants also detailed the information that authors need to provide in their manuscripts to enable reviewers and readers to clearly understand what procedures were performed and to evaluate the reliability of the peptide or protein quantification measurements reported. This paper presents a summary of the meeting and recommendations. C1 [Carr, Steven A.; Abbatiello, Susan E.; Mani, D. R.; Keshishian, Hasmik; Kuhn, Eric] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Ackermann, Bradley L.] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Borchers, Christoph] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Domon, Bruno] Luxembourg Clin Prote Ctr, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Deutsch, Eric W.; Moritz, Robert] Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA USA. [Grant, Russell P.] Lab Corp Amer, Burlington, NC USA. [Hoofnagle, Andrew N.; MacLean, Brendan] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Huettenhain, Ruth; Aebersold, Ruedi] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mol Syst Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Huettenhain, Ruth; Bradshaw, Ralph A.; Burlingame, Alma L.; Oses-Prieto, Juan; Wiita, Arun] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Koomen, John M.] Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr, Tampa, FL 33682 USA. [Liebler, Daniel C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Liu, Tao] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mansfield, Elizabeth; Boyne, Michael] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Neubert, Hendrik] Pfizer, Andover, MA USA. [Paulovich, Amanda G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Reiter, Lukas] Biognosys Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland. [Vitek, Olga] Purdue Univ, Purdue, IN USA. [Anderson, Leigh] SISCAPA Assay Technol Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Bethem, Robert] RAB Consulting, Novato, CA USA. [Blonder, Josip; Boja, Emily; Kinsinger, Christopher; Lee, Jerry S. H.; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Botelho, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chan, Daniel; Lee, Jerry S. H.; Van Eyk, Jennifer] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lee, Sang-Won] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Rifai, Nader] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ritchie, James] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Srinivas, Pothur R.] NHLBI, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD USA. [Townsend, R. Reid] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Whiteley, Gordon] Liedos Biomed Res Inc, Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Washington, DC USA. [Weintraub, Susan] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Carr, SA (reprint author), Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Dept Prote, 7 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. EM scarr@broad.mit.edu RI Lee, Sang-Won/H-6760-2013; Lee, Jerry/K-4553-2014; OI Lee, Sang-Won/0000-0002-5042-0084; Oses-Prieto, Juan/0000-0003-4759-2341; Lee, Jerry/0000-0003-1515-0952; Liebler, Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031 FU Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; US National Institutes of Health from the National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium Initiative [U24CA160034]; US National Institutes of Health from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN268201000033C, R01HL096738] FX This work was supported in part by the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and by the following grants from the US National Institutes of Health: grant U24CA160034 from the National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium Initiative (to S.A.C.) and grants HHSN268201000033C and R01HL096738 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (to S.A.C.). NR 98 TC 142 Z9 143 U1 11 U2 61 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 EI 1535-9484 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 907 EP 917 DI 10.1074/mcp.M113.036095 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC3BX UT WOS:000332391100017 PM 24443746 ER PT J AU Taminiau, TH Cramer, J van der Sar, T Dobrovitski, VV Hanson, R AF Taminiau, T. H. Cramer, J. van der Sar, T. Dobrovitski, V. V. Hanson, R. TI Universal control and error correction in multi-qubit spin registers in diamond SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-SPIN; QUANTUM REGISTER; ELECTRONIC SPIN; ONE 2ND; ENTANGLEMENT; READOUT; SILICON; GATES AB Quantum registers of nuclear spins coupled to electron spins of individual solid-state defects are a promising platform for quantum information processing(1-13). Pioneering experiments selected defects with favourably located nuclear spins with particularly strong hyperfine couplings(4-10). To progress towards large-scale applications, larger and deterministically available nuclear registers are highly desirable. Here, we realize universal control over multi-qubit spin registers by harnessing abundant weakly coupled nuclear spins. We use the electron spin of a nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond to selectively initialize, control and read out carbon-13 spins in the surrounding spin bath and construct high-fidelity single-and two-qubit gates. We exploit these new capabilities to implement a three-qubit quantum-error-correction protocol(14-17) and demonstrate the robustness of the encoded state against applied errors. These results transform weakly coupled nuclear spins from a source of decoherence into a reliable resource, paving the way towards extended quantum networks and surface-code quantum computing based on multi-qubit nodes(11,18,19). C1 [Taminiau, T. H.; Cramer, J.; van der Sar, T.; Hanson, R.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hanson, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, POB 5046, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. EM r.hanson@tudelft.nl RI Hanson, Ronald/B-9555-2008 FU US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX The authors thank L.Childress, J.J.L.Morton, O.Moussa and L.M.K.Vandersypen for discussions and comments.T.H.T.acknowledges support from a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme.Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences (contract no.DE-AC02-07CH11358). The authors acknowledge support from the Dutch Organization for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), the DARPA QuASAR programme, the EU SOLID and DIAMANT programmes, and the European Research Council through a Starting Grant. NR 32 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 60 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 171 EP 176 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2014.2 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC6MI UT WOS:000332637200008 PM 24487650 ER PT J AU Vasseur, R Jacobsen, JL AF Vasseur, Romain Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke TI Operator content of the critical Potts model in d dimensions and logarithmic correlations SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORY; GL(1-VERTICAL-BAR-1) SPIN CHAIN; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; PHASE-TRANSITION; MONTE-CARLO; LOOP MODELS; PERCOLATION; INVARIANCE; POLYMERS AB Using the symmetric group S-Q symmetry of the Q-state Potts model, we classify the (scalar) operator content of its underlying field theory in arbitrary dimension. In addition to the usual identity, energy and magnetization operators, we find fields that generalize the N-cluster operators well-known in two dimensions, together with their subleading counterparts. We give the explicit form of all these operators up to non-universal constants both on the lattice and in the continuum limit for the Landau theory. We compute exactly their two- and three-point correlation functions on an arbitrary graph in terms of simple probabilities, and give the general form of these correlation functions in the continuum limit at the critical point. Specializing to integer values of the parameter Q, we argue that the analytic continuation of the S-Q symmetry yields logarithmic correlations at the critical point in arbitrary dimension, thus implying a mixing of some scaling fields by the scale transformation generator. All these logarithmic correlation functions are given a clear geometrical meaning, which can be checked in numerical simulations. Several physical examples are discussed, including bond percolation, spanning trees and forests, resistor networks and the Ising model. We also briefly address the generalization of our approach to the O(n) model. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3). C1 [Vasseur, Romain] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vasseur, Romain] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke] LPTENS, F-75231 Paris, France. [Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke] Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. RP Vasseur, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rvasseur@berkeley.edu OI Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke/0000-0002-7615-2874 FU French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR); Quantum Materials program of LBNL; Institut Universitaire de France FX This work was supported by the French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR Projet 2010 Blanc SIMI 4: DIME), the Quantum Materials program of LBNL (RV), and the Institut Universitaire de France (JLJ). We warmly thank Hubert Saleur for collaboration on the related paper [29] which led to the present study. We also thank John Cardy, Raoul Santachiara and Jacopo Viti for discussions. NR 73 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 EI 1873-1562 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD MAR PY 2014 VL 880 BP 435 EP 475 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2014.01.013 PG 41 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC8RS UT WOS:000332803100017 ER PT J AU Martinez-Moyano, IJ McCaffrey, DP Oliva, R AF Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J. McCaffrey, David P. Oliva, Rogelio TI Drift and Adjustment in Organizational Rule Compliance: Explaining the "Regulatory Pendulum" in Financial Markets SO ORGANIZATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE rule change; rule compliance; internal and external regulation; standards erosion; complex systems analysis; qualitative analysis; organizational processes; financial markets; system dynamics ID HIGH-RELIABILITY ORGANIZATION; CORPORATE ILLEGALITY; PROCESS IMPROVEMENT; SERVICE INDUSTRY/; RISK-MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; MODEL; CORRUPTION; PROGRAMS; QUALITY AB This article integrates research on rule development, compliance, and organizational change to model rule development and compliance in organizations, using causal-loop modeling from system dynamics to articulate explicitly a few key underlying processes. We focus on financial markets as a case area, suggesting that recurring regulatory problems in financial markets in the United States over the past 60 years, although differing in specifics, are structurally similar. At the heart of the model is the tension between production goals that focus on short-term, certain, salient benefits and required adherence to production-constraining rules that attempt to mitigate long-term, uncertain, nonsalient risks. It describes systemically how organizations attend to rules depending on the nature of the benefits of production compared with those of rule compliance. The model captures the operative mechanisms responsible for the development of pressures for production and for rule compliance in organizations, providing a structural explanation both for problem-prone organizations characterized by erosion of standards and increased violations and for organizations following rules more reliably. Drawing on studies of institutional work, we conclude by suggesting research on how agency, through strategic and tactical choice, potentially modifies structure in rule compliance. C1 [Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McCaffrey, David P.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Oliva, Rogelio] Texas A&M Univ, Mays Business Sch, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Martinez-Moyano, IJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM imartinez@anl.gov; dmccaffrey@albany.edu; roliva@tamu.edu RI Oliva, Rogelio/A-8542-2008 OI Oliva, Rogelio/0000-0001-7716-1310 NR 155 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 57 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 1047-7039 J9 ORGAN SCI JI Organ Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 2 BP 321 EP 338 DI 10.1287/orsc.2013.0847 PG 18 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA AC9FO UT WOS:000332840000001 ER PT J AU Kelly, TD Petrosky, JC Turner, D McClory, JW Mann, JM Kolis, JW Zhang, X Dowben, PA AF Kelly, T. D. Petrosky, J. C. Turner, D. McClory, J. W. Mann, J. M. Kolis, J. W. Zhang, Xin Dowben, P. A. TI The unoccupied electronic structure characterization of hydrothermally grown ThO 2 single crystals SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE electronic properties; ThO2; photoemission; inverse photoemission; X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR ICOSAHEDRA; DIOXIDES; FILMS AB Single crystals of thorium dioxide ThO2, grown by the hydrothermal growth technique, have been investigated by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS), inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES), and L-3, M-3, M-4, and M-5 X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). The experimental band gap for large single crystals has been determined to be 6 eV to 7 eV, from UPS and IPES, in line with expectations. The combined UPS and IPES, place the Fermi level near the conduction band minimum, making these crystals n-type, with extensive band tailing, suggesting an optical gap in the region of 4.8 eV for excitations from occupied to unoccupied edge states. Hybridization between the Th 6d/5f bands with O 2p is strongly implicated. ((c) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Kelly, T. D.; Petrosky, J. C.; McClory, J. W.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Turner, D.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Mann, J. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Ctr Opt Mat Sci & Engn Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Zhang, Xin; Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Kelly, TD (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM Tony.Kelly@afit.edu; James.Petrosky@afit.edu RI Zhang, Xin/J-5478-2015; OI Zhang, Xin/0000-0001-9232-427X; McClory, John/0000-0002-4303-2729 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA138584]; Nebraska Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF) [DMR-0820521] FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (Grant No. HDTRA138584) and the Nebraska Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF - DMR-0820521). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Air Force, Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 32 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6254 EI 1862-6270 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 283 EP 286 DI 10.1002/pssr.201308286 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA AD0MO UT WOS:000332928600016 ER PT J AU Xiang, CX Haber, J Marcin, M Mitrovic, S Jin, J Gregoire, JM AF Xiang, Chengxiang Haber, Joel Marcin, Martin Mitrovic, Slobodan Jin, Jian Gregoire, John M. TI Mapping Quantum Yield for (Fe-Zn-Sn-Ti)O-x Photoabsorbers Using a High Throughput Photoelectrochemical Screening System SO ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE photoelectrochemistry; metal oxides; semiconductor liquid junction; quantum yield ID SCANNING ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROSCOPY; JUNCTION SOLAR-CELL; METAL-OXIDES; WATER; PHOTOCATALYSTS; FILMS; TECHNOLOGIES; SILICON; DESIGN; BIVO4 AB Combinatorial synthesis and screening of light absorbers are critical to material discoveries for photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical applications. One of the most effective ways to evaluate the energy-conversion properties of a semiconducting light absorber is to form an asymmetric junction and investigate the photogeneration, transport and recombination processes at the semiconductor interface. This standard photoelectrochemical measurement is readily made on a semiconductor sample with a back-side metallic contact (working electrode) and front-side solution contact. In a typical combinatorial material library, each sample shares a common back contact, requiring novel instrumentation to provide spatially resolved and thus sample-resolved measurements. We developed a multiplexing counter electrode with a thin layer assembly, in which a rectifying semiconductor/liquid junction was formed and the short-circuit photocurrent was measured under chopped illumination for each sample in a material library. The multiplexing counter electrode assembly demonstrated a photocurrent sensitivity of sub-10 mu A cm(-2) with an external quantum yield sensitivity of 0.5% for each semiconductor sample under a monochromatic ultraviolet illumination source. The combination of cell architecture and multiplexing allows high-throughput modes of operation, including both fast-serial and parallel measurements. To demonstrate the performance of the instrument, the external quantum yields of 1819 different compositions from a pseudoquaternary metal oxide library, (Fe-Zn-Sn-Ti)O-x, at 385 nm were collected in scanning serial mode with a throughput of as fast as 1 s per sample. Preliminary screening results identified a promising ternary composition region centered at Fe0.894Sn0.103Ti0.0034Ox) with an external quantum yield of 6.7% at 385 nm. C1 [Xiang, Chengxiang; Haber, Joel; Marcin, Martin; Mitrovic, Slobodan; Jin, Jian; Gregoire, John M.] CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jin, Jian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xiang, CX (reprint author), CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM cxx@caltech.edu; gregoire@caltech.edu RI Mitrovic, Slobodan/E-7847-2010 OI Mitrovic, Slobodan/0000-0001-8913-8505 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC000499] FX This material is based upon work performed by the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub, supported through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Award Number DE-SC000499. We gratefully acknowledge critical support and infrastructure provided for this work by the Kavli Nanoscience Institute at Caltech. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2156-8952 EI 2156-8944 J9 ACS COMB SCI JI ACS Comb. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 16 IS 3 BP 120 EP 127 DI 10.1021/co400081w PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AC8AR UT WOS:000332755900004 PM 24471712 ER PT J AU Gao, L Kim, Y Vazquez-Guardado, A Shigeta, K Hartanto, S Franklin, D Progler, CJ Bogart, GR Rogers, JA Chanda, D AF Gao, Li Kim, Youngmin Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham Shigeta, Kazuki Hartanto, Steven Franklin, Daniel Progler, Christopher J. Bogart, Gregory R. Rogers, John A. Chanda, Debashis TI Materials Selections and Growth Conditions for Large-Area, Multilayered, Visible Negative Index Metamaterials Formed by Nanotransfer Printing SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; WAVELENGTHS; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION C1 [Gao, Li; Kim, Youngmin; Shigeta, Kazuki; Hartanto, Steven; Rogers, John A.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bogart, Gregory R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Progler, Christopher J.] Photronics Inc, Allen, TX 75013 USA. [Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham; Franklin, Daniel; Chanda, Debashis] Univ Cent Florida, NanoSci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham; Franklin, Daniel; Chanda, Debashis] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon CREOL, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Rogers, JA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jrogers@illinois.edu; debashis.chanda@creol.ucf.edu RI Rogers, John /L-2798-2016; OI Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham/0000-0002-0648-5921 FU Office of Naval Research; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX L. Gao and Y. Kim contributed equally to this work. The work was supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research. We also gratefully knowledge the contribution of Sandia National Laboratory which is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 in fabricating large area master mask using deep UV lithography (telecom) and electron beam lithography (visible). NR 24 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 31 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2195-1071 J9 ADV OPT MATER JI Adv. Opt. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 2 IS 3 BP 256 EP 261 DI 10.1002/adom.201300356 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA AC7VR UT WOS:000332741400010 ER PT J AU Seal, K Rodriguez, BJ Ivanov, IN Kalinin, SV AF Seal, Katyayani Rodriguez, Brian J. Ivanov, Ilia N. Kalinin, Sergei V. TI Anomalous Photodeposition of Ag on Ferroelectric Surfaces with Below-Bandgap Excitation SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INCOHERENT WHITE-LIGHT; LITHIUM-NIOBATE; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; SPATIAL SOLITONS; BARIUM-TITANATE; NANOSTRUCTURES; SILVER; CRYSTAL; MEDIA; POLARIZATION AB Ferroelectric lithography, a recent method of fabricating functional interfaces, traditionally involves photoreduction on polarized ferroelectric surfaces at optical energies above the bandgap of the ferroelectric. In this work, for the first time, photochemical deposition of elemental Ag nanoparticles on a specifically poled lithium niobate substrate is reported, with a broad white-light spectrum transmitted through the crystal. The transmitted light has energies only below the bandgap, leading to the conclusion that the Ag reduction proceeds through non-linear effects, specifically, second harmonic generation. C1 [Seal, Katyayani] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Rodriguez, Brian J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Ivanov, Ilia N.; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Seal, K (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM sealk@ornl.gov RI ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012 OI ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152 FU US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, US DOE FX This effort was supported by the US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, (K. S.) and performed, in part, at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (S. V. K., I.N.I), which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, US DOE. The authors would like to thank Liam Collins for help with the manuscript. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 38 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2195-1071 J9 ADV OPT MATER JI Adv. Opt. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 2 IS 3 BP 292 EP 299 DI 10.1002/adom.201300380 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA AC7VR UT WOS:000332741400016 ER PT J AU Duan, YH Zhang, KL Li, XHS King, DL Li, BY Zhao, LF Xiao, YH AF Duan, Yuhua Zhang, Keling Li, Xiaohong S. King, David L. Li, Bingyun Zhao, Lifeng Xiao, Yunhan TI ab initio Thermodynamic Study of the CO2 Capture Properties of M2CO3 (M = Na, K)- and CaCO3-Promoted MgO Sorbents Towards Forming Double Salts SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CO2 capture sorbents; Double salt sorbents; Density functional theory; Lattice phonon dynamics; Thermodynamics ID CARBON CAPTURE; REMOVAL; SEQUESTRATION; TEMPERATURES; DOLOMITE; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; K2CO3 AB The CO2 capture properties of M2CO3 (M = Na, K)-promoted and CaCO3-promoted MgO sorbents are investigated by first-principles density functional theory complemented with lattice phonon calculations. The calculated thermodynamic properties indicate that by forming double salts (M2Mg(CO3)(2) and CaMg(CO3)(2)), compared to pure MgO, the maximum allowable CO2 capture temperatures of the M2CO3- and CaCO3- modified MgO sorbents are shifted to higher temperature ranges. Under pre-combustion conditions with PCO2 = 10 bar, the Na2CO3-promoted and CaCO3-promoted MgO sorbents can capture CO2 at temperatures as high as 915 K and 740 K respectively. While under post-combustion conditions with PCO2 = 0.1 bar, their maximum allowable CO2 capture temperatures are 710 K and 600 K respectively. However, when adding K2CO3 into MgO, under both pre-and post-combustion conditions, its maximum CO2 capture temperatures only increased about 10 K relative to pure MgO. These results indicate that by mixing another solid into MgO, it is possible to shift its CO2 capture temperature to fit practical industrial needs. C1 [Duan, Yuhua; Li, Bingyun] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Zhang, Keling; Li, Xiaohong S.; King, David L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Li, Bingyun] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Zhao, Lifeng; Xiao, Yunhan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Engn Thermophys, Key Lab Adv Energy & Power, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. RP Duan, YH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 236 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM yuhua.duan@netl.doe.gov RI Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011 OI Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 37 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 EI 2071-1409 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 470 EP 479 DI 10.4209/aaqr.2013.05.0178 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC7CW UT WOS:000332685800003 ER PT J AU Soong, Y Howard, BH Hedges, SW Haljasmaa, I Warzinski, RP Irdi, G McLendon, TR AF Soong, Yee Howard, Bret H. Hedges, Sheila W. Haljasmaa, Igor Warzinski, Robert P. Irdi, Gino McLendon, Thomas R. TI CO2 Sequestration in Saline Formation SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CO2 sequestration; Mount Simon sandstone; Chemical interaction; Permeability; Saline aquifer ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; DISSOLUTION; PERMEABILITY; AQUIFERS; STORAGE AB Deep saline aquifers are reported to have the largest estimated capacity for CO2 sequestration. Knowledge of possible geochemically-induced changes to the porosity and permeability of host CO2 storage sandstone and seal rock will enhance our capability to predict CO2 storage capacity and long-term reservoir behavior. An experimental study of the potential interaction of CO2/brine/rock on saline formations in a static system under CO2 sequestration conditions was conducted. Chemical interactions in the Mount Simon sandstone environment upon exposure to CO2 mixed with brine under sequestration conditions were studied. Samples were exposed to the estimated in-situ reaction conditions for six months. The experimental parameters used were two core samples of Mount Simon sandstone; Illinois Basin model brine; temperature of 85 degrees C, pressure of 23.8 MPa (3,500 psig), and CO2. Micro-CT, CT, XRD, SEM, petrography, and brine, porosity, and permeability analyses were performed before and after the exposure. Preliminary permeability measurements obtained from the sandstone sample showed a significant change after it was exposed to CO2 saturated brine for six months. This observation suggests that mineral dissolution and mineral precipitation could occur in the host deposit altering its characteristics for CO2 storage over time. C1 [Soong, Yee; Howard, Bret H.; Hedges, Sheila W.; Haljasmaa, Igor; Warzinski, Robert P.; Irdi, Gino; McLendon, Thomas R.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Soong, Y (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM soong@netl.doe.gov NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 18 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 EI 2071-1409 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 522 EP 532 DI 10.4209/aaqr.2013.06.0195 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC7CW UT WOS:000332685800007 ER PT J AU Sinnott, SB Uberuaga, BP AF Sinnott, Susan B. Uberuaga, Bias Pedro TI Role of atomistic simulations in understanding fission product accommodation in ceramic nuclear fuel SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID URANIUM-DIOXIDE C1 [Sinnott, Susan B.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Uberuaga, Bias Pedro] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Sinnott, Susan/P-8523-2014 OI Sinnott, Susan/0000-0002-3598-0403 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 600 N CLEVELAND AVE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43082 USA SN 0002-7812 EI 1945-2705 J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 93 IS 2 BP 28 EP 32 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA AC4LS UT WOS:000332493400009 ER PT J AU Krebs, JE Vaishampayan, P Probst, AJ Tom, LM Marteinsson, VT Andersen, GL Venkateswaran, K AF Krebs, Jordan E. Vaishampayan, Parag Probst, Alexander J. Tom, Lauren M. Marteinsson, Viggo Thor Andersen, Gary L. Venkateswaran, Kasthuri TI Microbial Community Structures of Novel Icelandic Hot Spring Systems Revealed by PhyloChip G3 Analysis SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; AMMONIA OXIDIZING ARCHAEON; SULFOLOBUS-ACIDOCALDARIUS; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; GEOTHERMAL AREAS; ELEMENTAL SULFUR; SP-NOV; TEMPERATURE; LIFE AB Microbial community profiles of recently formed hot spring systems ranging in temperatures from 57 degrees C to 100 degrees C and pH values from 2 to 4 in Hverageroi (Iceland) were analyzed with PhyloChip G3 technology. In total, 1173 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) spanning 576 subfamilies and 38 archaeal OTUs covering 32 subfamilies were observed. As expected, the hyperthermophilic (similar to 100 degrees C) spring system exhibited both low microbial biomass and diversity when compared to thermophilic (similar to 60 degrees C) springs. Ordination analysis revealed distinct bacterial and archaeal diversity in geographically distinct hot springs. Slight variations in temperature (from 57 degrees C to 64 degrees C) within the interconnected pools led to a marked fluctuation in microbial abundance and diversity. Correlation and PERMANOVA tests provided evidence that temperature was the key environmental factor responsible for microbial community dynamics, while pH, H2S, and SO2 influenced the abundance of specific microbial groups. When archaeal community composition was analyzed, the majority of detected OTUs correlated negatively with temperature, and few correlated positively with pH. Key Words: Microbial diversity-PhyloChip G3-Acidophilic-Thermophilic-Hot springs-Iceland. Astrobiology 14, 229-240. C1 [Krebs, Jordan E.; Vaishampayan, Parag; Venkateswaran, Kasthuri] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Biotechnol & Planetary Protect Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Probst, Alexander J.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Microbiol, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Probst, Alexander J.] Univ Regensburg, Archaea Ctr, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Tom, Lauren M.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Ecol, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Marteinsson, Viggo Thor] Matis Ohf Food Safety Environm & Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. RP Vaishampayan, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Biotechnol & Planetary Protect Grp, M-S 89-108,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM vaishamp@jpl.nasa.gov RI Tom, Lauren/E-9739-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Probst, Alexander/K-2813-2016 OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes); Caltech Amgen Scholars Fellowship; European Commission FX Part of the research described in this study was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A. Probst's contribution was supported by the German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes). J. Krebs's participation was funded by a Caltech Amgen Scholars Fellowship awarded in 2011. The authors are grateful to the Co-ordination Action for Research Activities on life in Extreme Environments (CAREX) project funded by the European Commission. A special thanks to N. Walter, European Science Federation, for supporting P. Vaishampayan's travel to Iceland. We are also thankful to all the participants for their assistance in the Icelandic CAREX fieldwork. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 20 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 EI 1557-8070 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 229 EP 240 DI 10.1089/ast.2013.1008 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA AC6GE UT WOS:000332618700003 PM 24588539 ER PT J AU An, H Kaspi, VM Archibald, R Bachetti, M Bhalerao, V Bellm, EC Beloborodov, AM Boggs, SE Chakrabarty, D Christensen, FE Craig, WW Dufour, F Forster, K Gotthelf, EV Grefenstette, BW Hailey, CJ Harrison, FA Hascoet, R Kitaguchi, T Kouveliotou, C Madsen, KK Mori, K Pivovaroff, MJ Rana, VR Stern, D Tendulkar, S Tomsick, JA Vogel, JK Zhang, WW AF An, H. Kaspi, V. M. Archibald, R. Bachetti, M. Bhalerao, V. Bellm, E. C. Beloborodov, A. M. Boggs, S. E. Chakrabarty, D. Christensen, F. E. Craig, W. W. Dufour, F. Forster, K. Gotthelf, E. V. Grefenstette, B. W. Hailey, C. J. Harrison, F. A. Hascoet, R. Kitaguchi, T. Kouveliotou, Ch. Madsen, K. K. Mori, K. Pivovaroff, M. J. Rana, V. R. Stern, D. Tendulkar, S. Tomsick, J. A. Vogel, J. K. Zhang, W. W. CA NuSTAR Team TI NuSTAR results and future plans for magnetar and rotation-powered pulsar observations SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XMM Newton Conference CY MAY 22-24, 2013 CL Madrid, SPAIN DE space vehicles; stars: neutron; telescopes; X-rays: stars ID X-RAY PULSARS; SOFT GAMMA-REPEATERS; NEUTRON-STARS; WHITE-DWARF; 1E 1841-045; AE AQUARII; DISCOVERY; PULSATIONS; EMISSION AB The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is the first focusing hard X-ray mission in orbit and operates in the 3-79 keV range. NuSTAR's sensitivity is roughly two orders of magnitude better than previous missions in this energy band thanks to its superb angular resolution. Since its launch in 2012 June, NuSTAR has performed excellently and observed many interesting sources including four magnetars, two rotation-powered pulsars and the cataclysmic variable AE Aquarii. NuSTAR also discovered 3.76-s pulsations from the transient source SGR J1745-29 recently found by Swift very close to the Galactic center, clearly identifying the source as a transient magnetar. For magnetar 1E 1841-045, we show that the spectrum is well fit by an absorbed blackbody plus broken power-law model with a hard power-law photon index of approximate to 1.3. This is consistent with previous results by INTEGRAL and RXTE. We also find an interesting double-peaked pulse profile in the 25-35 keV band. For AE Aquarii, we show that the spectrum can be described by a multi-temperature thermal model or a thermal plus non-thermal model; a multi-temperature thermal model without a non-thermal component cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, we do not see a spiky pulse profile in the hard X-ray band, as previously reported based on Suzaku observations. For other magnetars and rotation-powered pulsars observed with NuSTAR, data analysis results will be soon available. ((c) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [An, H.; Kaspi, V. M.; Archibald, R.; Dufour, F.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Bachetti, M.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Bachetti, M.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Bhalerao, V.; Bellm, E. C.; Forster, K.; Grefenstette, B. W.; Harrison, F. A.; Madsen, K. K.; Rana, V. R.; Tendulkar, S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bhalerao, V.] Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Beloborodov, A. M.; Gotthelf, E. V.; Hailey, C. J.; Hascoet, R.; Mori, K.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Boggs, S. E.; Craig, W. W.; Tomsick, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chakrabarty, D.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, W. W.; Pivovaroff, M. J.; Vogel, J. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kitaguchi, T.] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kouveliotou, Ch.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, ZP12, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP An, H (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. EM hjan@physics.mcgill.ca RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014; Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816; Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Bachetti, Matteo/0000-0002-4576-9337; Bhalerao, Varun/0000-0002-6112-7609 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C, NNX10AI72G, NNX13AI34G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NSERC; FQRNT Centre de Recherche Astrophysique du Quebec; R. Howard Webster Foundation Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Canada Research Chairs Program; Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). V. M. K. acknowledges support from an NSERC Discovery Grant, the FQRNT Centre de Recherche Astrophysique du Quebec, an R. Howard Webster Foundation Fellowship from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), the Canada Research Chairs Program and the Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology. A. M. B. acknowledges the support by NASA grants NNX10AI72G and NNX13AI34G. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 EI 1521-3994 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 335 IS 3 BP 280 EP 284 DI 10.1002/asna.201312032 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AC2MG UT WOS:000332334600011 ER PT J AU Lupoi, JS Singh, S Simmons, BA Henry, RJ AF Lupoi, Jason S. Singh, Seema Simmons, Blake A. Henry, Robert J. TI Assessment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Analytical Spectroscopy: an Evolution to High-Throughput Techniques SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; High-throughput; Chemometrics ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM RAMAN; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS WOOD; IONIC LIQUID PRETREATMENT; PLANT-CELL-WALLS; LIGNIN MONOMER COMPOSITION; CELLULOSE-I CRYSTALLINITY; CORN STOVER COMPOSITION; CUPRIC OXIDE OXIDATION; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS WOOD AB Lignocellulosic biomass has been proposed as an option for reducing global dependence on nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil. Selection and development of biomass feedstocks that efficiently yield the maximum fuel or biomaterial requires the availability of reliable methods for compositional and structural characterization of plant material. Many standard methods for biomass analysis are laborious and slow, and employ a variety of harsh reagents requiring some degree of remediation. The use of simpler and more rapid spectroscopic methods has proved invaluable in analyzing biomass. In the twenty-first century, researchers have employed techniques such as Raman, mid-infrared, and near-infrared spectroscopy for a wide range of applications in endeavors to further understand biofuel feedstocks. While many methods remain time consuming and expensive, a growing interest in high-throughput spectroscopic techniques has provided faster and larger scale feedstock screening for desirable traits. This review seeks to provide an overview of both high-throughput techniques and those requiring longer analysis times but still providing abundant qualitative and quantitative data. While applications of these instrumental methods have been researched for decades, more recent developments will be discussed here. C1 [Lupoi, Jason S.; Simmons, Blake A.; Henry, Robert J.] Univ Queensland, Queensland Alliance Agr & Food Innovat, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Lupoi, Jason S.; Singh, Seema; Simmons, Blake A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Singh, Seema; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biol & Mat Sci Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lupoi, JS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM jslupoi@lbl.gov; seesing@sandia.gov; basimmons@lbl.gov; robert.henry@uq.edu.au RI Henry, Robert/B-5824-2008; OI Henry, Robert/0000-0002-4060-0292; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation; Joint BioEnergy Institute; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This review was supported as part of a collaboration between the Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the Joint BioEnergy Institute. The work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 282 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 86 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9352-1 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000001 ER PT J AU Johnson, JMF Gresham, GL AF Johnson, Jane M. F. Gresham, Garold L. TI Do Yield and Quality of Big Bluestem and Switchgrass Feedstock Decline over Winter? SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Thermochemical; Bioenergy feedstock; Mineral analysis; Biomass gasification ID BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS; GREAT-PLAINS; HARVEST; COMBUSTION; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; MIXTURES; GRASSES; STORAGE AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and big bluestem (Andropogon gerdardii Vitman) are potential perennial bioenergy feedstocks. Feedstock storage limitations, labor constraints for harvest, and environmental benefits provided by perennials are rationales for developing localized perennial feedstock as an alternative or in conjunction with annual feedstocks (i.e., crop residues). Little information is available on yield, mineral, and thermochemical properties of native species as related to harvest time. The study's objectives were to compare the feedstock quantity and quality between grasses harvested in the fall or the following spring. It was hypothesized that biomass yield may decline, but translocation and/or leaching of minerals from the feedstock would improve feedstock quality. Feedstock yield did not differ by crop, harvest time, or their interactions. Both grasses averaged 6.0 Mg ha(-1) (fall) and 5.4 Mg ha(-1) (spring) with similar high heating value (17.7 MJ kg(-1)). The K/(Ca + Mg) ratio, used as a quality indicator declined to below a 0.5 threshold, but energy yield (Megajoule per kilogram) decreased 13 % by delaying harvest until spring. Only once during the four study-years were conditions ideal for early spring harvest, in contrast during another spring, very muddy conditions resulted in excessive soil contamination. Early spring harvest may be hampered by late snow, lodging, and muddy conditions that may delay or prevent harvest, and result in soil contamination of the feedstock. However, reducing slagging/fouling potential and the mass of mineral nutrients removed from the field without a dramatic loss in biomass or caloric content are reasons to delay harvest until spring. C1 [Johnson, Jane M. F.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Gresham, Garold L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Johnson, JMF (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM jane.johnson@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service under the Renewable Energy Assessment Project (REAP); USDA Rural Development Grant [68-3A75-5-232]; University of Minnesota, Morris; University of Minnesota-West Central Research and Outreach Center FX This publication is based on work supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service under the Renewable Energy Assessment Project (REAP) and through a USDA Rural Development Grant 68-3A75-5-232 in partnership with the University of Minnesota, Morris, and the University of Minnesota-West Central Research and Outreach Center. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 68 EP 77 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9349-9 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000006 ER PT J AU Azarpira, A Ralph, J Lu, FC AF Azarpira, Ali Ralph, John Lu, Fachuang TI Catalytic Alkaline Oxidation of Lignin and its Model Compounds: a Pathway to Aromatic Biochemicals SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pine lignin; 2D NMR; Lignin beta-ether units; Copper-phenanthroline catalyst ID OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATION; GENERAL CONCEPT; KRAFT-LIGNIN; CHEMICALS; PULP; BIOSYNTHESIS; CHEMISTRY; ALCOHOL; BIOMASS AB Catalytic oxidation via the application of molecular oxygen and copper complexes is a useful pathway toward valuable low molecular mass compounds from in situ or waste stream lignins. In this study, two dimeric beta-ether model compounds, one beta-ether oligomer, and a milled wood lignin sample from Loblolly pine were catalytically oxidized. Yields and stability of the aromatic aldehyde and acid products were measured. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography were used to monitor structure/composition and molecular mass changes of the lignin before and after catalytic oxidation to study the degree of depolymerization and structure of the residual lignin. Oxidized units appear to be derived from beta-aryl ether, phenylcoumaran, and biphenyl ether components. To date, this method breaks down the lignin polymeric structure reasonably effectively, producing low molecular mass products; this work also highlights some of the issues that need to be overcome to optimize this approach. C1 [Azarpira, Ali; Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Lu, FC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Wisconsin Energy Inst, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM fachuanglu@wisc.edu FU US Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Ruili Gao, Dharshana Padmakshan, and Sally Ralph for providing model compounds for this study and Hoon Kim for his useful suggestions and assistance with NMR spectroscopy. We are grateful to Yuki Tobimatsu for his useful comments on GPC and NMR analyses. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the US Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 9 U2 117 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 78 EP 86 DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9348-x PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC4IG UT WOS:000332484000007 ER PT J AU Blume-Kohout, R Turner, PS AF Blume-Kohout, Robin Turner, Peter S. TI The Curious Nonexistence of Gaussian 2-Designs SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE QUANTUM MEASUREMENTS; DESIGNS; STATES AB Ensembles of pure quantum states whose 2nd moments equal those of the unitarily uniform Haar ensemble-2-designs-are optimal solutions for several tasks in quantum information science, especially state and process tomography. We show that Gaussian states cannot form a 2-design for the continuous-variable (quantum optical) Hilbert space . This is surprising because the affine symplectic group HWSp (the natural symmetry group of Gaussian states) is irreducible on the symmetric subspace of two copies. In finite dimensional Hilbert spaces, irreducibility guarantees that HWSp-covariant ensembles (such as mutually unbiased bases in prime dimensions) are always 2-designs. This property is violated by continuous variables for a subtle reason: the (well-defined) HWSp-invariant ensemble of Gaussian states does not have a density matrix because its defining integral does not converge. In fact, no Gaussian ensemble is even close (in a precise sense) to being a 2-design. This surprising difference between discrete and continuous quantum mechanics has important implications for optical state and process tomography. C1 [Blume-Kohout, Robin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Turner, Peter S.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Blume-Kohout, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM robin@blumekohout.com RI Turner, Peter/E-9197-2010 FU JSPS Research Fellowships for Young Scientists, JSPS KAKENHI [20549002]; LANL's LDRD program FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with S. Bartlett, A. Harrow, J. Repka, and D. Gross. P.S.T. acknowledges support from JSPS Research Fellowships for Young Scientists, JSPS KAKENHI (20549002) for Scientific Research (C). R.B.K. was supported by LANL's LDRD program. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0010-3616 EI 1432-0916 J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS JI Commun. Math. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 326 IS 3 BP 755 EP 771 DI 10.1007/s00220-014-1894-3 PG 17 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC6TA UT WOS:000332656700005 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, J Larsen, P Barbose, G AF Wilkerson, Jordan Larsen, Peter Barbose, Galen TI Survey of Western US electric utility resource plans SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Resource planning; Electric utility; Risk and uncertainty ID MARKET AB We review long-term electric utility plans representing similar to 90% of generation within the Western U.S. and Canadian provinces. We address what utility planners assume about future growth of electricity demand and supply; what types of risk they consider in their long-term resource planning; and the consistency in which they report resource planning-related data. The region is anticipated to grow by 2% annually by 2020 - before Demand Side Management. About two-thirds of the utilities that provided an annual energy forecast also reported energy efficiency savings projections; in aggregate, they anticipate an average 6.4% reduction in energy and 8.6% reduction in peak demand by 2020. New natural gas-fired and renewable generation will replace retiring coal plants. Although some utilities anticipate new coal-fired plants, most are planning for steady growth in renewable generation over the next two decades. Most planned solar capacity will come online before 2020, with most wind expansion after 2020. Fuel mix is expected to remain 55% of total generation. Planners consider a wide range of risks but focus on future demand, fuel prices, and the possibility of GHG regulations. Data collection and reporting inconsistencies within and across electric utility resource plans lead to recommendations on policies to address this issue. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wilkerson, Jordan; Larsen, Peter] Stanford Univ, Sch Engn, Management Sci & Engn Dept, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Larsen, Peter; Barbose, Galen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wilkerson, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Engn, Management Sci & Engn Dept, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM wilkejt1@stanford.edu OI Wilkerson, Jordan/0000-0003-1447-9465 FU National Electricity Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Electricity (OE) Delivery and Energy Reliability under Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work described in this report was funded by the National Electricity Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Electricity (OE) Delivery and Energy Reliability under Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to acknowledge Larry Mansueti (U.S. Department of Energy-OE) for supporting this project. NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 BP 90 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.029 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB9SL UT WOS:000332135900009 ER PT J AU Glynn, J Chiodi, A Gargiulo, M Deane, JP Bazilian, M Gallachor, BO AF Glynn, James Chiodi, Alessandro Gargiulo, Maurizio Deane, J. P. Bazilian, Morgan Gallachoir, Brian O. TI Energy Security Analysis: The case of constrained oil supply for Ireland SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Energy security; Oil depletion; Energy systems modelling ID POWER; MODEL AB Ireland imports 88% of its energy requirements. Oil makes up 59% of total final energy consumption (TFC). Import dependency, low fuel diversity and volatile prices leave Ireland vulnerable in terms of energy security. This work models energy security scenarios for Ireland using long term macroeconomic forecasts to 2050, with oil production and price scenarios from the International Monetary Fund, within the Irish TIMES energy systems model. The analysis focuses on developing a least cost optimum energy system for Ireland under scenarios of constrained oil supply (0.8% annual import growth, and 2% annual import decline) and subsequent sustained long term price shocks to oil and gas imports. The results point to gas becoming the dominant fuel source for Ireland, at 54% total final energy consumption in 2020, supplanting oil from reference projections of 57% to 10.8% TFC. In 2012, the cost of net oil imports stood at (sic)3.6 billion (2.26% GDP). The modelled high oil and gas price scenarios show an additional annual cost in comparison to a reference of between (sic)2.9bn and (sic)7.5bn by 2020 (1.9-4.9% of GDP) to choose to develop a least cost energy system. Investment and ramifications for energy security are discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Glynn, James; Chiodi, Alessandro; Gargiulo, Maurizio; Deane, J. P.; Gallachoir, Brian O.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Energy Policy & Modelling Grp, Cork, Ireland. [Glynn, James; Chiodi, Alessandro; Gargiulo, Maurizio; Deane, J. P.; Gallachoir, Brian O.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cork, Ireland. [Gargiulo, Maurizio] E4sma Srl, Energy Engn Environm Syst Modelling & Anal Srl, I-10144 Turin, Italy. [Bazilian, Morgan] NREL, Joint Inst Strateg Energy Anal, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Glynn, J (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Lee Rd, Cork, Ireland. EM james.glynn@umail.ucc.ie OI Chiodi, Alessandro/0000-0002-9757-5972; O Gallachoir, Brian/0000-0002-6608-5997 FU Higher Education Authority of Ireland through the PRTLI-5 Graduate Research Engineering Programme in Energy; Environmental Protection Agency; Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland under Ireland's Climate Change Research Programme [2011 - CCRP - MS - 3.5] FX Supported by the Higher Education Authority of Ireland through the PRTLI-5 Graduate Research Engineering Programme in Energy.; The authors acknowledge funding provided by the Environmental Protection Agency and Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland under Ireland's Climate Change Research Programme 2007-2013 for the development of the Irish TIMES model. (2011 - CCRP - MS - 3.5). NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 BP 312 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.043 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB9SL UT WOS:000332135900028 ER PT J AU Carew, JF AF Carew, John F. TI Variational Bounds in N-Particle Scattering Using the Faddeev-Yakubovskii Equations: Deuteron-Deuteron S=2 Scattering SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID CHARGED-PARTICLES; CLUSTER-REDUCTION; 3-BODY SYSTEMS; PHASE-SHIFTS; ENERGY; AMPLITUDES; FORMALISM; STATES AB A variational-bound formulation of the N-particle scattering problem has been developed based on the Yakubovskii-Faddeev chain-of-partition equations. It is shown that the scattering amplitude for the elastic, rearrangement or break-up processes satisfies a Lippmann-Schwinger type integral equation in which the kernel integration is over the open channels and the closed channels enter through the effective potential. In the case where only two (three)-cluster open channels are allowed, the integral equation for the transition amplitude involves integration over only one (two) momentum vector(s). A variational estimate for the effective potential input to the integral equation is obtained when the closed channel partition Green's functions are estimated variationally. It is shown that the variational estimates for the closed-channel Green's function also provide upper and lower bounds that can be used as a subsidiary extremum principle to determine optimum parameters in the trial function. Several methods are provided for simplifying the determination of the effective potential. The inclusion of Coulomb potentials in the Yakubovskii-Faddeev (YF) chain-of-partition formalism is also described. In this approach the inter-particle potential is not assumed to be separable as in typical quasi-particle schemes. The many-body dependence of the effective potential is included via expectation values involving an inter-particle potential and spatially decaying trial functions. The N-body scattering problem is therefore reduced to: (a) solving a two-body scattering problem (three-body in the case of break-up) and (b) a bound-state type calculation to determine the effective potential. As an initial application, the method is applied to the case of low-energy elastic deuteron-deuteron scattering (including the Coulomb force) and compared to a recent cluster-reduction calculation. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carew, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM carew@bnl.gov NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 IS 3 BP 171 EP 190 DI 10.1007/s00601-014-0844-0 PG 20 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC8RL UT WOS:000332801300001 ER PT J AU Goldsmith, MR Grulke, CM Brooks, RD Transue, TR Tan, YM Frame, A Egeghy, PP Edwards, R Chang, DT Tornero-Velez, R Isaacs, K Wang, A Johnson, J Holm, K Reich, M Mitchell, J Vallero, DA Phillips, L Phillips, M Wambaugh, JF Judson, RS Buckley, TJ Dary, CC AF Goldsmith, M. -R. Grulke, C. M. Brooks, R. D. Transue, T. R. Tan, Y. M. Frame, A. Egeghy, P. P. Edwards, R. Chang, D. T. Tornero-Velez, R. Isaacs, K. Wang, A. Johnson, J. Holm, K. Reich, M. Mitchell, J. Vallero, D. A. Phillips, L. Phillips, M. Wambaugh, J. F. Judson, R. S. Buckley, T. J. Dary, C. C. TI Development of a consumer product ingredient database for chemical exposure screening and prioritization SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chemical exposure; Consumer products; Ingredients; Product formulation; Near field exposure; Exposure prioritization ID SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INDOOR ENVIRONMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; INTAKE FRACTION; POLLUTANTS; AIR; RESOURCE; MODELS; AGENCY; DUST AB Consumer products are a primary source of chemical exposures, yet little structured information is available on the chemical ingredients of these products and the concentrations at which ingredients are present. To address this data gap, we created a database of chemicals in consumer products using product Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) publicly provided by a large retailer. The resulting database represents 1797 unique chemicals mapped to 8921 consumer products and a hierarchy of 353 consumer product "use categories" within a total of 15 top-level categories. We examine the utility of this database and discuss ways in which it will support (i) exposure screening and prioritization, (ii) generic or framework formulations for several indoor/consumer product exposure modeling initiatives, (iii) candidate chemical selection for monitoring near field exposure from proximal sources, and (iv) as activity tracers or ubiquitous exposure sources using "chemical space" map analyses. Chemicals present at high concentrations and across multiple consumer products and use categories that hold high exposure potential are identified. Our database is publicly available to serve regulators, retailers, manufacturers, and the public for predictive screening of chemicals in new and existing consumer products on the basis of exposure and risk. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Goldsmith, M. -R.; Grulke, C. M.; Tan, Y. M.; Frame, A.; Egeghy, P. P.; Chang, D. T.; Tornero-Velez, R.; Isaacs, K.; Wang, A.; Johnson, J.; Holm, K.; Vallero, D. A.; Phillips, L.; Phillips, M.; Wambaugh, J. F.; Judson, R. S.; Buckley, T. J.; Dary, C. C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brooks, R. D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Transue, T. R.] Lockheed Martin Informat Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Edwards, R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Frame, A.; Wang, A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Reich, M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Mitchell, J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Goldsmith, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM goldsmith.rocky@epa.gov; tan.cecilia@epa.gov; isaacs.kristin@epa.gov OI Phillips, Martin/0000-0002-6282-529X; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; U.S. EPA Pathfinder Innovation Project award FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. The initial funding for this research came from a U.S. EPA Pathfinder Innovation Project award for "Systems Reality Modeling." We are grateful to the Shaw University Research Internship program for providing students that assisted in this research. We thank Charles Bevington and Cathy Fehrenbacher of the U.S. EPA's Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention for collaboration and helpful discussions. We thank Mike Uhl (Lockheed Martin Information Technology Services), Ravi Nair and Heidi Paulson (both U.S. EPA's Environmental Modeling and Visualization Laboratory) for project coordination on the interface design. We thank Pertti Hakkinen (National Library of Medicine) and Henry Delima (Henry Delima Associates) for providing input through ongoing discussion. We thank Linda Sheldon, Satori Marchitti and Haluk Ozkaynak (NERL) for administrative review and feedback. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 EI 1873-6351 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.029 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA AC4OL UT WOS:000332500500034 PM 24374094 ER PT J AU Sun, YN Elizondo, M Lu, S Fuller, JC AF Sun, Yannan Elizondo, Marcelo Lu, Shuai Fuller, Jason C. TI The Impact of Uncertain Physical Parameters on HVAC Demand Response SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID LA English DT Article DE Demand response; parameter sensitivity; uncertainty quantification AB Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units are one of the major resources providing demand response (DR) in residential buildings. A DR program requires a large population of units to make a significant impact on power grid services like peak shaving and balancing. This paper investigates the importance of various HVAC physical parameters and their distributions that affect the aggregate response of a population of units to DR signals. This is a key step to the construction of HVAC models with DR functionality, given insufficient data, to predict the DR capacity available for dispatch. The HVAC model parameters include the size of floors, insulation efficiency, the amount of solid mass in the house, and efficiency. These parameters are usually assumed to follow Gaussian or Uniform distributions over the population. The impact of uncertainty in parameter distributions are quantified through the following steps: 1) Simulate the response of an HVAC population during the transient phase and during steady state for a given DR signal; 2) Use a quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method with linear regression and Prony analysis to evaluate the sensitivity of the DR output to the uncertainty in the parameter distributions; and 3) Identify important parameters based on their impact to the aggregate HVAC response. Utilities or DR providers can use this analysis as guidance in the collection of data to derive an effective DR model. C1 [Sun, Yannan; Elizondo, Marcelo; Lu, Shuai; Fuller, Jason C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sun, YN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Yannan.sun@pnnl.gov; Marcelo.elizondo@pnnl.gov; Shuai.lu@pnnl.gov; Jason.fuller@pnnl.gov RI Fuller, Jason/C-9951-2014 OI Fuller, Jason/0000-0002-0462-0093 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at the Pacific North-west National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at the Pacific North-west National Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by Battelle for DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Paper no. TSG-00253-2013. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3053 J9 IEEE T SMART GRID JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 2 BP 916 EP 923 DI 10.1109/TSG.2013.2295540 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AB7QH UT WOS:000331985300039 ER PT J AU Du, PW Lu, N Wang, JH Zhang, XP Masiello, R Henderson, M AF Du, Pengwei Lu, Ning Wang, Jianhui Zhang, Xiao-Ping Masiello, Ralph Henderson, Mike TI Introduction to the Special Section on Energy Storage Applications for Smart Grid SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Du, Pengwei] Elect Reliabil Council Texas, Austin, TX 78744 USA. [Lu, Ning] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA. [Zhang, Xiao-Ping] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Masiello, Ralph] KEMA, Chalfont, PA USA. [Henderson, Mike] ISO New England, Holyoke, MA USA. RP Du, PW (reprint author), Elect Reliabil Council Texas, Austin, TX 78744 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3053 J9 IEEE T SMART GRID JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 2 BP 935 EP 936 DI 10.1109/TSG.2014.2305312 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AB7QH UT WOS:000331985300041 ER PT J AU Jin, CL Lu, N Lu, S Makarov, YV Dougal, RA AF Jin, Chunlian Lu, Ning Lu, Shuai Makarov, Yuri V. Dougal, Roger A. TI A Coordinating Algorithm for Dispatching Regulation Services Between Slow and Fast Power Regulating Resources SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID LA English DT Article DE Ancillary services; energy storage; regulation service; renewable integration; wear and tear AB This paper presents a novel coordinating algorithm for dispatching regulation services between slow and fast power regulating resources using a conventional power generator and a flywheel energy storage system as an example. The goal is to let the flywheel storage device follow the fast changes in the regulation signal and let the conventional generator compensate for the energy imbalance when the flywheel storage is nearly fully charged or discharged. A state-of-charge (SOC) band control algorithm is developed tomaintain the storage device SOC within a desired range. Real system regulation signals were used to test the performance of the coordinating algorithm. The simulation results show that: 1) the HRR achieves the same fast response rate as that of the storage device, 2) the up and down movements of the generator are minimized, and 3) the SOC of the storage device is maintained within the desired range most of the time. Therefore, the proposed coordinating algorithm can provide the high quality regulation service while reducing maintenance-inducing strain on conventional generators. C1 [Jin, Chunlian; Lu, Ning; Lu, Shuai; Makarov, Yuri V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Lu, Ning] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dougal, Roger A.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. RP Jin, CL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM chunlian.jin@pnnl.gov; nlu2@ncsu.edu; shuai.lu@pnnl.gov; yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov; dougal@cec.sc.edu FU Internal Research and Development (IR&D) program at the Battelle Memorial Institute FX This work was supported by the Internal Research and Development (IR&D) program at the Battelle Memorial Institute. Paper no. TSG-00145-2013. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3053 J9 IEEE T SMART GRID JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid PD MAR PY 2014 VL 5 IS 2 BP 1043 EP 1050 DI 10.1109/TSG.2013.2277974 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AB7QH UT WOS:000331985300053 ER PT J AU Barrientos, G Masse, WB AF Barrientos, Gustavo Masse, W. Bruce TI The Archaeology of Cosmic Impact: Lessons from Two Mid-Holocene Argentine Case Studies SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL METHOD AND THEORY LA English DT Article DE Extraterrestrial object collisions; Quaternary Period; Archaeological evidence and judgment criteria; Campo del Cielo and Rio Cuarto impact events ID CAMPO DEL CIELO; TEMPORAL FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; LATE PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE; PAMPEAN REGION ARGENTINA; ROMAN GEOMYTH PRESERVES; SOUTHERN SOUTH-AMERICA; YOUNGER DRYAS BOUNDARY; MAMMOTH-KILLER IMPACT; CANYON DIABLO IMPACT; NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS AB Cosmic impact is a category of natural catastrophe neglected or misunderstood by most archaeologists in reconstructions of past human population dynamics. We discuss the nature of impact by asteroids and comets and what is known and theorized about the Quaternary Period impact record. As case studies for our exploration of how archaeological method and theory can be productively applied to the study of cosmic impact, we focus on two confirmed Holocene asteroid impacts in central and northeastern Argentina, Rio Cuarto and Campo del Cielo, both likely dating between 6 and 3 cal ky BP. We model and assess the potential destructive effects of these impacts on contemporary hunting and gathering populations using several lines of evidence. The search for Quaternary Period cosmic impacts, along with the documentation of the effects of confirmed cosmic impacts on human populations, particularly of those organized in small-scale social groups, represents a challenge and key opportunity for future archaeological research. C1 [Barrientos, Gustavo] Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barrientos, Gustavo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Masse, W. Bruce] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Stewardship Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Masse, WB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Stewardship Grp, Mailstop J978, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM barrient@museo.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar; wbmasse@gmail.com NR 360 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1072-5369 EI 1573-7764 J9 J ARCHAEOL METHOD TH JI J. Archaeol. Method Theory PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 1 BP 134 EP 211 DI 10.1007/s10816-012-9149-0 PG 78 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA AC2XD UT WOS:000332378700005 ER PT J AU Shukla, KK Phanikumar, DV Newsom, RK Kumar, KN Ratnam, MV Naja, M Singh, N AF Shukla, K. K. Phanikumar, D. V. Newsom, Rob K. Kumar, K. Niranjan Ratnam, M. Venkat Naja, M. Singh, Narendra TI Estimation of the mixing layer height over a high altitude site in Central Himalayan region by using Doppler lidar SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Doppler lidar; Mixing layer height; GVAX ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; STATION; TOP AB A Doppler lidar was installed at Manora Peak, Nainital (29.4 degrees N; 79.2 degrees E; 1958 amsl) to estimate mixing layer height for the first time by using vertical velocity variance as basic measurement parameter for the period September-November 2011. Mixing layer height is found to be located similar to 0.57 +/- 0.1 and 0.45 +/- 0.05 km AGL during day and nighttime, respectively. The estimation of mixing layer height shows good correlation (R-2 > 0.8) between different instruments and with different methods. Our results show that wavelet co-variance transform is a robust method for mixing layer height estimation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shukla, K. K.; Phanikumar, D. V.; Naja, M.; Singh, Narendra] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci, Naini Tal 263002, Uttrakhand, India. [Shukla, K. K.] Pt Ravishankar Shukla Univ, Raipur, Chhatisgarh, India. [Newsom, Rob K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kumar, K. Niranjan] Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Ratnam, M. Venkat] Natl Atmospher Res Lab, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. RP Shukla, KK (reprint author), Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci, Naini Tal 263002, Uttrakhand, India. EM krishna@aries.res.in OI Venkat Ratnam, M./0000-0002-3882-2523 FU Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates FX This work has been carried out as a part of GVAX campaign in joint collaboration among Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM), Department of Energy (US), Indian institute of Science (IISC) and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), India. We thank Director, ARIES for providing the necessary support. We thank Prof. Rao Kotamurthi for his valuable suggestions for the improvement of the manuscript. We also acknowledge Dr. Baars for fruitful discussions regarding WCT method. One of the authors acknowledges Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, for providing the fellowship. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 EI 1879-1824 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 109 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2014.01.006 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC3QI UT WOS:000332435900008 ER PT J AU Choi, JK Fthenakis, V AF Choi, Jun-Ki Fthenakis, Vasilis TI Crystalline silicon photovoltaic recycling planning: macro and micro perspectives SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Photovoltaic; End-of-life management; Recycling infrastructure ID DYNAMIC-ANALYSIS; SOLAR-CELLS; MODULES; STOCKS; WASTE; FLOWS; LIFE; END; OPTIMIZATION; MANAGEMENT AB The usage of valuable resources and the potential for waste generation at the end of the life cycle of photovoltaic (PV) technologies necessitate a proactive planning for a PV recycling infrastructure. To ensure the sustainability of PV in large scales of deployment, it is vital to develop and institute low-cost recycling technologies and infrastructure for the emerging PV industry in parallel with the rapid commercialization of these new technologies. There are various issues involved in the economics of PV recycling and we examine those at macro and micro levels, developing a holistic interpretation of the economic viability of the PV recycling systems. We developed mathematical models to analyze the profitability of recycling technologies and to guide tactical decisions for allocating optimal location of PV take-back centers (PVTBC), necessary for the collection of end of life products. The economic decision is usually based on the level of the marginal capital cost of each PVTBC, cost of reverse logistics, distance traveled, and the amount of PV waste collected from various locations. Our results illustrated that the reverse logistics costs comprise a major portion of the cost of PVTBC; PV recycling centers can be constructed in the optimally selected locations to minimize the total reverse logistics cost for transporting the PV wastes from various collection facilities to the recycling center. In the micro-process level, automated recycling processes should be developed to handle the large amount of growing PV wastes economically. The market price of the reclaimed materials are important factors for deciding the profitability of the recycling process and this illustrates the importance of the recovering the glass and expensive metals from PV modules. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Choi, Jun-Ki] Univ Dayton, Kettering Labs, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Fthenakis, Vasilis] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photovolta Environm Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Choi, JK (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Kettering Labs, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM jchoi1@udayton.edu; fthenakis@bnl.gov FU University of Dayton [KFL-211]; Solar Technologies Program; Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; USDOE [DE-AC02-76CH000016] FX The Authors thank anonymous reviewers for their insightful and constructive comments on the manuscript. Authors appreciate the University of Dayton for the research council seed grant KFL-211 awarded to support this work. Part of this research was supported by the Solar Technologies Program, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, USDOE Contract DE-AC02-76CH000016. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 66 BP 443 EP 449 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.11.022 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC2TG UT WOS:000332356300045 ER PT J AU Brown, RA Borst, M AF Brown, Robert A. Borst, Michael TI Evaluation of Surface Infiltration Testing Procedures in Permeable Pavement Systems SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Porous asphalt; Permeable pavement; Permeable interlocking concrete pavers; Pervious concrete; Infiltration; Storm water control measure; Green infrastructure; ASTM C1701 ID PERVIOUS CONCRETE; POROUS ASPHALT; STORM-WATER; ASTM C1701; PERFORMANCE; POLLUTION; QUALITY AB The ASTM method for measuring the infiltration rate of in-place pervious concrete provides limited guidance on how to select test locations and how results should be interpreted to assess surface condition and maintenance needs. The ASTM method is written specifically for pervious concrete, so additional research is needed to determine the applicability of this method to other permeable pavement types. In 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency constructed a 0.4-ha parking lot surfaced with permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). Surface infiltration testing was conducted for almost three years, and two methods were used to select test locations: monthly testing at randomly selected locations and quarterly testing at fixed locations. Infiltration rates were significantly different for each pavement type. With almost three years of use, maintenance has yet to be required, although infiltration has decreased in areas immediately downgradient of impermeable asphalt driving lanes and to a greater extent where disturbed soil was present. The longevity was attributed to the clogging mechanism. Runoff transports solids to the upgradient edge of the permeable pavement surface where the solids are filtered and accumulate as runoff infiltrates. As surface clogging progresses from the upgradient edge, the method of selecting a random location across the entire area typically resulted in most locations being on an unaffected area. This did not produce a meaningful change in infiltration rate to suggest maintenance was needed for the entire surface. The results of this study indicate that the ASTM C1701 method may be applicable to PICP; however, for PA, further evaluation is needed. It is recommended that future infiltration testing should strategically select fixed test locations based on expected clogging patterns. Furthermore, less water can be used, enabling more tests to be conducted at strategic locations over the pavement surface area to better determine locations of clogging. C1 [Brown, Robert A.] US EPA, ORISE, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Borst, Michael] US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Brown, RA (reprint author), US EPA, ORISE, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS-104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM brown.robert-a@epa.gov; borst.mike@epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors would like to thank PARS Environmental for conducting the infiltration measurements, and Mr. Thomas O'Connor, Dr. Amy Rowe, and Dr. Emilie Stander for their initial work in setting up the project. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 51 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 3 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000808 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC6UF UT WOS:000332659800001 ER PT J AU Pandey, A Shyam, A Watkins, TR Lara-Curzio, E Stafford, RJ Hemker, KJ AF Pandey, Amit Shyam, Amit Watkins, Thomas R. Lara-Curzio, Edgar Stafford, Randy J. Hemker, Kevin J. TI The Uniaxial Tensile Response of Porous and Microcracked Ceramic Materials SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MAGNESIA-SPINEL COMPOSITES; SPRAYED ZIRCONIA COATINGS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; YOUNGS MODULUS; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; CORDIERITE; FAILURE; CURVES AB The uniaxial tensile stress-strain behavior of three porous ceramic materials was determined at ambient conditions. Test specimens in the form of thin beams were obtained from the walls of diesel particulate filter honeycombs and tested using a microtesting system. A digital image correlation technique was used to obtain full-field 2D in-plane surface displacement maps during tensile loading, and in turn, the 2D strains obtained from displacement fields were used to determine the Secant modulus, Young's modulus, and initial Poisson's ratio of the three porous ceramic materials. Successive unloading-reloading experiments were performed at different levels of stress to decouple the linear elastic, anelastic, and inelastic response in these materials. It was found that the stress-strain response of these materials was nonlinear and that the degree of nonlinearity is related to the initial microcrack density and evolution of damage in the material. C1 [Pandey, Amit; Shyam, Amit; Watkins, Thomas R.; Lara-Curzio, Edgar] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pandey, Amit] Rolls Royce LG Fuel Cell Syst Inc, Reliabil Div, North Canton, OH 44720 USA. [Stafford, Randy J.] Cummins Inc, Ceram & Catalyst Technol, Columbus, IN 47201 USA. [Hemker, Kevin J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Pandey, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dramitpandey@gmail.com RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016; OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329; Shyam, Amit/0000-0002-6722-4709 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Propulsion Materials Program [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC. FX We thank Andrew Wereszczak (ORNL) and Michael Lance (ORNL) for reviewing the manuscript. We would also like to thank the reviewers whose comments and feedback has greatly improved this manuscript. Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Propulsion Materials Program, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 899 EP 906 DI 10.1111/jace.12720 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA AC0OX UT WOS:000332195700037 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG AF Berryman, James G. TI Hybrid effective medium approximations for random elastic composites SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Elastic composites ID EFFECTIVE VISCOELASTIC MODULI; LONG-WAVELENGTH PROPAGATION; MATRIX-BASED COMPOSITES; SELF-CONSISTENT SCHEME; COMPLEX SHEAR MODULUS; MORI-TANAKA THEORY; 2-PHASE MEDIA; RIGOROUS BOUNDS; 2-COMPONENT COMPOSITES; VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLES AB Several popular effective medium approximations for elastic constants of random composites are reformulated in terms of a pair of canonical functions and their transform variables. This choice of reformulation enables easier comparisons of the results of all these methods with rigorous bounds. Furthermore, insight into the various methods gained by taking this point of view suggests a number of new effective medium approximations that, in some cases, are natural variants and/or combinations (i.e., hybrids) of the existing ones, and in other cases are new ones based in part on the bounds themselves. Numerical comparisons are given for several standard inclusion models - including spherical, needle, and pennyshaped inclusions - as well as the penetrable sphere model. Of the various alternatives considered, a new method called the split-step differential (SSD) scheme is one of the more useful ones, as it simplifies the differential scheme by replacing half of this scheme's integration routines with a simple update formula for the bulk modulus. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd,MS 74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jgberryman@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Geosciences Research Program of the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences FX Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Support was provided specifically by the Geosciences Research Program of the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. NR 97 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 EI 1872-7743 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 115 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2013.11.003 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA AC7ZM UT WOS:000332752800010 ER PT J AU Dichosa, AEK Daughton, AR Reitenga, KG Fitzsimons, MS Han, CS AF Dichosa, Armand E. K. Daughton, Ashlynn R. Reitenga, Krista G. Fitzsimons, Michael S. Han, Cliff S. TI Capturing and cultivating single bacterial cells in gel microdroplets to obtain near-complete genomes SO NATURE PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; DARK-MATTER; MICROORGANISMS; COMMUNITIES; ENUMERATION; PHYLOGENY; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCES; INSIGHTS AB Assembling a complete genome from a single bacterial cell, termed single-cell genomics, is challenging with current technologies. Recovery rates of complete genomes from fragmented assemblies of single-cell templates significantly vary. Although increasing the amount of genomic template material by standard cultivation improves recovery, most bacteria are unfortunately not amenable to traditional cultivation, possibly owing to the lack of unidentified, yet necessary, growth signals and/ or specific symbiotic influences. To overcome this limitation, we adopted and modified the method of cocultivation of single-captured bacterial cells in gel microdroplets (GMDs) to improve full genomic sequence recovery. By completing multiple genomes of two novel species derived from single cells, we demonstrated its efficacy on diverse bacterial species using human oral and gut microbiome samples. Here we describe a detailed protocol for capturing single bacterial cells, cocultivating them in medium and isolating microcolonies in GMDs with flow cytometry. Beginning with preliminary studies, obtaining GMDs with single microcolonies for whole-genome amplification may take similar to 4 weeks. C1 [Dichosa, Armand E. K.; Daughton, Ashlynn R.; Reitenga, Krista G.; Fitzsimons, Michael S.; Han, Cliff S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genome Sci Programs, Bioenergy & Biome Sci B 11, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Han, CS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genome Sci Programs, Bioenergy & Biome Sci B 11, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM han_cliff@lanl.gov OI Dichosa, Armand/0000-0003-0640-6629 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory through a Directed Research program [20110034DR] FX This work was supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory through a Directed Research program with project code 20110034DR. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 40 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1754-2189 EI 1750-2799 J9 NAT PROTOC JI Nat. Protoc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 608 EP 621 DI 10.1038/nprot.2014.034 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AC0ZM UT WOS:000332224000009 PM 24525754 ER PT J AU Xie, ZP Sundstrom, JF Jin, YK Liu, CL Jansson, C Sun, CX AF Xie, Zhoupeng Sundstroem, Jens F. Jin, Yunkai Liu, Chunlin Jansson, Christer Sun, Chuanxin TI A selection strategy in plant transformation based on antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE endogenous plant genes; antibiotics and herbicides; Arabidopsis thaliana; antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (asODN) inhibition; traits from a selection marker; plant transformation; Oryza sativa; environmental concerns; technical advance ID SELECTABLE MARKER GENES; VIRUS-REPLICATION; BARLEY; SUGAR; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; TRANSCRIPTION; ALTERNATIVES; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER; DELIVERY AB Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (asODN) inhibition was developed in the 1970s, and since then has been widely used in animal research. However, in plant biology, the method has had limited application because plant cell walls significantly block efficient uptake of asODN to plant cells. Recently, we have found that asODN uptake is enhanced in a sugar solution. The method has promise for many applications, such as a rapid alternative to time-consuming transgenic studies, and high potential for studying gene functionality in intact plants and multiple plant species, with particular advantages in evaluating the roles of multiple gene family members. Generation of transgenic plants relies on the ability to select transformed cells. This screening process is based on co-introduction of marker genes into the plant cell together with a gene of interest. Currently, the most common marker genes are those that confer antibiotic or herbicide resistance. The possibility that traits introduced by selectable marker genes in transgenic field crops may be transferred horizontally is of major public concern. Marker genes that increase use of antibiotics and herbicides may increase development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains or contribute to weed resistance. Here, we describe a method for selection of transformed plant cells based on asODN inhibition. The method enables selective and high-throughput screening for transformed cells without conferring new traits or functions to the transgenic plants. Due to their high binding specificity, asODNs may also find applications as plant-specific DNA herbicides. C1 [Xie, Zhoupeng; Sundstroem, Jens F.; Sun, Chuanxin] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Uppsala BioCtr, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Xie, Zhoupeng; Sundstroem, Jens F.; Sun, Chuanxin] Linnean Ctr Plant Biol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Jin, Yunkai; Liu, Chunlin] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Crop Germplasm Innovat & Utili, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Jansson, Christer] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jansson, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cgjansson@lbl.gov; chuanxin.sun@slu.se OI Sundstrom, Jens/0000-0003-2848-5284 FU Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas); SLU (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences) Larosatesansokan Program (TC4F) for Team 4; Carl Trygger Foundation [CTS 11: 450]; National Science Foundation of China [31370389]; SLU program BarleyFunFood; Formas/Sida (The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency) [220-2009-2069]; US Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Vinnova FX We are especially grateful to Sten Stymne (Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 101, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden) for encouragement and advice in many strategic aspects of the work. We thank Gunilla Sward for Arabidopsis transformation, and Satish Nalawade and Xia Yan for assistance in tissue culture and quantitative PCR experiments. We are grateful to Bjorn Ingemarsson (SLU Holding AB, Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden), Magus Engevik (SLU Holding AB, Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden), Henrik Sjolander (Aros Patent AB, P.O. Box 1544, 751 45 Uppsala, Sweden) and Gerald Pettersson (Forskarpatent i Uppsala AB, Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden) for discussions concerning the layout of the experiments. This work was funded by the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) under the Strategic Research Area for the Trees and Crops Building the Bioeconomy Program, the SLU (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences) Larosatesansokan Program (TC4F) for Team 4 supported by Vinnova, the Carl Trygger Foundation (project number CTS 11: 450), the National Science Foundation of China (project number 31370389), the SLU program BarleyFunFood, a joint Formas/Sida (The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency)-funded program (project number 220-2009-2069) on sustainable development in developing countries, and in part by the US Department of Energy (contract DEAC02-05CH11231) with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 77 IS 6 BP 954 EP 961 DI 10.1111/tpj.12433 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AC4PP UT WOS:000332503500011 PM 24438514 ER PT J AU Phillips, WS Mayeda, KM Malagnini, L AF Phillips, W. Scott Mayeda, Kevin M. Malagnini, Luca TI How to Invert Multi-Band, Regional Phase Amplitudes for 2-D Attenuation and Source Parameters: Tests Using the USArray SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; LG WAVE-PROPAGATION; CODA-Q; SEISMIC DISCRIMINATION; CENTRAL-ASIA; TOMOGRAPHY; SPECTRA; CHINA; EARTHQUAKES; CALIFORNIA AB We inverted for laterally varying attenuation, absolute site terms, moments and apparent stress using over 460,000 Lg amplitudes recorded by the USArray for frequencies between 0.5 and 16 Hz. Corner frequencies of Wells, Nevada, aftershocks, obtained by independent analysis of coda spectral ratios, controlled the tradeoff between attenuation and stress, while independently determined moments from St. Louis University and the University of California constrained absolute levels. The quality factor, Q, was low for coastal regions and interior volcanic and tectonic areas, and high for stable regions such as the Great Plains, and Colorado and Columbia Plateaus. Q increased with frequency, and the rate of increase correlated inversely with 1-Hz Q, with highest rates in low-Q tectonic regions, and lowest rates in high-Q stable areas. Moments matched independently determined moments with a scatter of 0.2 NM. Apparent stress ranged from below 0.01 to above 1 MPa, with means of 0.1 MPa for smaller events, and 0.3 MPa for larger events. Stress was observed to be spatially coherent in some areas; for example, stress was lower along the San Andreas fault through central and northern California, and higher in the Walker Lane, and for isolated sequences such as Wells. Variance reduction relative to 1-D models ranged from 50 to 90 % depending on band and inversion method. Parameterizing frequency dependent Q as a power law produced little misfit relative to a collection of independent, multi-band Q models, and performed better than the omega-square source parameterization in that sense. Amplitude residuals showed modest, but regionally coherent patterns that varied from event to event, even between those with similar source mechanisms, indicating a combination of focal mechanism, and near source propagation effects played a role. An exception was the Wells mainshock, which produced dramatic amplitude patterns due to its directivity, and was thus excluded from the inversions. The 2-D Q plus absolute site models can be used for high accuracy, broad area source spectra, magnitude and yield estimation, and, in combination with models for all regional phases, can be used to improve discrimination, in particular for intermediate bands that allow coverage to be extended beyond that available for high frequency P-to-S discriminants. C1 [Phillips, W. Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mayeda, Kevin M.] Weston Geophys, Lexington, MA USA. [Malagnini, Luca] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Rome, Italy. RP Phillips, WS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM phillipsfive505@comcast.net FU US DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This study relied on waveform and ancillary data collected by the Earthscope USArray project. Waveforms we used included contributions from the ANZA Regional, Berkeley Digital Seismograph, Caltech Regional Seismic, Global Seismograph, Western Great Basin, USArray Transportable, US National Seismic, and U. Utah Regional networks. We further acknowledge the Array Operations Facility (NMT), the Array Network Facility (UCSD), and the IRIS Data Mangement Center for efforts to collect and archive USArray data for use by the scientific community. We also thank Robert Herrmann, Douglas Dreger, and students for their timely production of moment tensor results for public consumption. SAC and GMT software were used for processing and display. We greatly appreciate input from two anonymous reviewers. WSP thanks Mark Fisk for discussions about application of source constraints in Asia, and Michael Fehler for introducing the author to source parameter-attenuation inversions many years ago. Publication of this research was supported by the US DOE under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 469 EP 484 DI 10.1007/s00024-013-0646-1 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900009 ER PT J AU Xu, HM Rodgers, AJ Lomov, IN Vorobiev, OY AF Xu, Heming Rodgers, Arthur J. Lomov, Ilya N. Vorobiev, Oleg Y. TI Seismic Source Characteristics of Nuclear and Chemical Explosions in Granite from Hydrodynamic Simulations SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAVES; PENETRATION; AMPLITUDES; ENERGIES; ROCK AB Seismic source characteristics of low-yield (0.5-5 kt) underground explosions are inferred from hydrodynamic simulations using a granite material model on high-performance (parallel) computers. We use a non-linear rheological model for granite calibrated to historical near-field nuclear test data. Equivalent elastic P-wave source spectra are derived from the simulated hydrodynamic response using reduced velocity potentials. Source spectra and parameters are compared with the models of Mueller and Murphy (Bull Seism Soc Am 61:1675-1692, 1971, hereafter MM71) and Denny and Johnson (Explosion source phenomenology, pp 1-24, 1991, hereafter DJ91). The source spectra inferred from the simulations of different yields at normal scaled depth-of-burial (SDOB) match the MM71 spectra reasonably well. For normally buried nuclear explosions, seismic moments are larger for the hydrodynamic simulations than MM71 (by 25 %) and for DJ91 (by over a factor of 2), however, the scaling of moment with yield across this low-yield range is consistent for our calculations and the two models. Spectra from our simulations show higher corner frequencies at the lower end of the 0.5-5.0 kt yield range and stronger variation with yield than the MM71 and DJ91 models predict. The spectra from our simulations have additional energy above the corner frequency, probably related to non-linear near-source effects, but at high frequencies the spectral slopes agree with the f (-2) predictions of MM71. Simulations of nuclear explosions for a range of SDOB from 0.5 to 3.9 show stronger variations in the seismic moment than predicted by the MM71 and DJ91 models. Chemical explosions are found to generate higher moments by a factor of about two compared to nuclear explosions of the same yield in granite and at normal depth-of-burial, broadly consistent with comparisons of nuclear and chemical shots at the US Nevada Test Site (Denny, Proceeding of symposium on the non-proliferation experiment, Rockville, Maryland, 1994). For all buried explosions, the region of permanent deformation and material damage is not spherical but extends along the free surface above and away from the source. The effect of damage induced by a normally buried nuclear explosion on seismic radiation is explored by comparing the motions from hydrodynamic simulations with those for point-source elastic Green's functions. Results show that radiation emerging at downward takeoff angles appears to be dominated by the expected isotropic source contribution, while at shallower angles the motions are complicated by near-surface damage and cannot be represented with the addition of a simple secondary compensated linear vector dipole point source above the shot point. The agreement and differences of simulated source spectra with the MM71 and DJ91 models motivates the use of numerical simulations to understand observed motions and investigate seismic source features for underground explosions in various emplacement media and conditions, including non-linear rheological effects such as material strength and porosity. C1 [Xu, Heming; Rodgers, Arthur J.; Lomov, Ilya N.; Vorobiev, Oleg Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Xu, HM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM rodgers7@llnl.gov RI Rodgers, Arthur/E-2443-2011 FU National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Discussions with and comments from Bill Walter, Sean Ford and Karl Koch and reviews by the editors and two anonymous referees greatly improved the manuscript. We thank Lew Glenn and Tarabay Antoun for the historical granite explosion data and insightful discussions. We are grateful to the Institute for Scientific Computing Research (ISCR) at LLNL for a Computing Grand Challenge allocation to undertake these calculations. Simulations were performed on the SIERRA Linux cluster operated by Livermore Computing. Funding for this project was provided by the National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development. This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL contribution LLNL-JC-519253. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 507 EP 521 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0623-0 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900011 ER PT J AU Pasyanos, ME Ford, SR Walter, WR AF Pasyanos, Michael E. Ford, Sean R. Walter, William R. TI Testing Event Discrimination over Broad Regions using the Historical Borovoye Observatory Explosion Dataset SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Nuclear explosion monitoring; regional discrimination; attenuation; event identification ID PEACEFUL NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; SEISMIC DISCRIMINATION; WESTERN CHINA; TEST-SITE; EARTHQUAKES; KAZAKSTAN AB We test the performance of high-frequency regional P/S discriminants to differentiate between earthquakes and explosions at test sites and over broad regions using a historical dataset of explosions recorded at the Borovoye Observatory in Kazakhstan. We compare these explosions to modern recordings of earthquakes at the same location. We then evaluate the separation of the two types of events using the raw measurements and those where the amplitudes are corrected for 1-D and 2-D attenuation structure. We find that high-frequency P/S amplitudes can reliably identify earthquakes and explosions, and that the discriminant is applicable over broad regions as long as propagation effects are properly accounted for. Lateral attenuation corrections provide the largest improvement in the 2-4 Hz band, the use of which may successfully enable the identification of smaller, distant events that have lower signal-to-noise at higher frequencies. We also find variations in P/S ratios among the three main nuclear testing locations within the Semipalatinsk Test Site which, due to their nearly identical paths to BRVK, must be a function of differing geology and emplacement conditions. C1 [Pasyanos, Michael E.; Ford, Sean R.; Walter, William R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Pasyanos, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pasyanos1@llnl.gov RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013; Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013; Ford, Sean/F-9191-2011 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616; Ford, Sean/0000-0002-0376-5792 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work would not be possible without the tireless efforts of researchers at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Los Alamos National Laboratory in compiling, deglitching and determining the instrument responses for thirty years of Borovoye data. We also thank the many people who worked at the Borovoye Observatory over the years to enable the decades of acquisition of digital recordings of seismic ground motion. This data is accessible at http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/Monitoring/Arch/BRV_arch_deglitched. html. We thank Paul Richards for providing boundaries of the Semipalatinsk Test Site (http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/similar to richards/Semi.boundaries.html). We thank Terri Hauk and Stan Ruppert for maintaining the LLNL Seismic Research Database, Eric Matzel for making many of the amplitude measurements used in this study, and Alan Sicherman for his assistance with statistical analysis. We also thank Doug Dodge and Mike Ganzberger for the Regional Bodywave Amplitude Processor (RBAP), the tool used to make our amplitude measurements. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL contribution LLNL-JRNL-516095. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 523 EP 535 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0591-4 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900012 ER PT J AU Anderson, DN Patton, HJ Taylor, SR Bonner, JL Selby, ND AF Anderson, D. N. Patton, H. J. Taylor, S. R. Bonner, J. L. Selby, N. D. TI Sources of Error and the Statistical Formulation of M (S): m (b) Seismic Event Screening Analysis SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNITUDE; SURFACE; DISTANCE; DISCRIMINATION; WAVES AB The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), a global ban on nuclear explosions, is currently in a ratification phase. Under the CTBT, an International Monitoring System (IMS) of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic and radionuclide sensors is operational, and the data from the IMS is analysed by the International Data Centre (IDC). The IDC provides CTBT signatories basic seismic event parameters and a screening analysis indicating whether an event exhibits explosion characteristics (for example, shallow depth). An important component of the screening analysis is a statistical test of the null hypothesis H (0): explosion characteristics using empirical measurements of seismic energy (magnitudes). The established magnitude used for event size is the body-wave magnitude (denoted m (b)) computed from the initial segment of a seismic waveform. IDC screening analysis is applied to events with m (b) greater than 3.5. The Rayleigh wave magnitude (denoted M (S)) is a measure of later arriving surface wave energy. Magnitudes are measurements of seismic energy that include adjustments (physical correction model) for path and distance effects between event and station. Relative to m (b), earthquakes generally have a larger M (S) magnitude than explosions. This article proposes a hypothesis test (screening analysis) using M (S) and m (b) that expressly accounts for physical correction model inadequacy in the standard error of the test statistic. With this hypothesis test formulation, the 2009 Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea announced nuclear weapon test fails to reject the null hypothesis H (0): explosion characteristics. C1 [Anderson, D. N.; Patton, H. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Taylor, S. R.] Rocky Mt Geophys, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Bonner, J. L.] Weston Geophys, Lexington, MA USA. [Selby, N. D.] AWE Blacknest, Reading, Berks, England. RP Anderson, DN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dand@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and Treaty Verification Research and Development; US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA24596] FX The authors acknowledge the support of Ms. Leslie A. Casey and the National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and Treaty Verification Research and Development for funding this work. This work was completed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-06NA24596. We thank Dr. Dmitry Storchak, Director of the International Seismological Centre, for his support in the acquisition of the data used in this article. We also thank Dr. Ronan Le Bras, Head of the Software Integration Unit at the International Data Centre, for providing important context in regard to event screening. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 537 EP 547 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0627-9 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900013 ER PT J AU Arrowsmith, S Norris, D Whitaker, R Anderson, D AF Arrowsmith, Stephen Norris, David Whitaker, Rod Anderson, Dale TI Sources of Error Model and Progress Metrics for Acoustic/Infrasonic Analysis: Location Estimation SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Infrasound; event location; nuclear explosion monitoring ID INFRASOUND; EXPLOSIONS; PROPAGATION; ARRAYS; GDOP AB How well can we locate events using infrasound? This question has obvious implications for the use of infrasound within the context of nuclear explosion monitoring, and can be used to inform decision makers on the capability and limitations of infrasound as a sensing modality. This paper attempts to answer this question in the context of regional networks by quantifying current capability and estimating future capability using an example regional network in Utah. This example is contrasted with a sparse network over a large geographical region (representative of the IMS network). As a metric, we utilize the location precision, a measure of the total geographic area in which an event may occur at a 95 % confidence level. Our results highlight the relative importance of backazimuth and arrival time constraints under different scenarios (dense vs. sparse networks), and quantify the precision capability of the Utah network under different scenarios. The final section of this paper outlines the research and development required to achieve the estimated future location precision capability. C1 [Arrowsmith, Stephen; Whitaker, Rod; Anderson, Dale] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Norris, David] Appl Phys Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Arrowsmith, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sarrowsmith@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory FX We thank David Green for his comments and suggestions on a draft of this manuscript and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback. We also thank Leslie Casey for proposing this manuscript and for funding this work. This work was completed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 587 EP 597 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0576-3 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900017 ER PT J AU Carrigan, CR Sun, YW AF Carrigan, Charles R. Sun, Yunwei TI Detection of Noble Gas Radionuclides from an Underground Nuclear Explosion During a CTBT On-Site Inspection SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Noble gas; soil gas transport; CTBT; underground nuclear explosion; on-site inspection; soil gas sampling; radionuclide background ID TEST-BAN TREATY; FAULTS; TRANSPORT; RADON AB The development of a technically sound approach to detecting the subsurface release of noble gas radionuclides is a critical component of the on-site inspection (OSI) protocol under the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. In this context, we are investigating a variety of technical challenges that have a significant bearing on policy development and technical guidance regarding the detection of noble gases and the creation of a technically justifiable OSI concept of operation. The work focuses on optimizing the ability to capture radioactive noble gases subject to the constraints of possible OSI scenarios. This focus results from recognizing the difficulty of detecting gas releases in geologic environments-a lesson we learned previously from the non-proliferation experiment (NPE). Most of our evaluations of a sampling or transport issue necessarily involve computer simulations. This is partly due to the lack of OSI-relevant field data, such as that provided by the NPE, and partly a result of the ability of computer-based models to test a range of geologic and atmospheric scenarios far beyond what could ever be studied by field experiments, making this approach very highly cost effective. We review some highlights of the transport and sampling issues we have investigated and complete the discussion of these issues with a description of a preliminary design for subsurface sampling that addresses some of the sampling challenges discussed here. C1 [Carrigan, Charles R.; Sun, Yunwei] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Carrigan, CR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM carrigan1@LLNL.gov RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 FU Office of Nuclear Verification, US Department of Energy [NA-243]; Office of Proliferation Detection, US Department of Energy [NA-221]; US Fulbright Program; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was funded by the Office of Nuclear Verification (NA-243) with additional support provided by the Office of Proliferation Detection (NA-221), US Department of Energy. C. R. CARRIGAN also thanks the US Fulbright Program for support while on a research sabbatical at Cambridge University during which some of the problems considered here were initially formulated. Some of our thoughts have benefited from recent work at the Nevada Nuclear Security Site with support from NSTec staff. Finally, we thank Jerry Sweeney (LLNL) and Guy Brachet (CEA, France) and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful and supportive comments. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 20 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 717 EP 734 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0563-8 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900027 ER PT J AU Sun, YW Carrigan, CR AF Sun, Yunwei Carrigan, Charles R. TI Modeling Noble Gas Transport and Detection for The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Noble gas; transport; CTBT; detection; modeling ID POROUS-MEDIA; FRACTURED ROCK; EXPLOSIONS AB Detonation gases released by an underground nuclear test include trace amounts of Xe-133 and Ar-37. In the context of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, On Site Inspection Protocol, such gases released from or sampled at the soil surface could be used to indicate the occurrence of an explosion in violation of the treaty. To better estimate the levels of detectability from an underground nuclear test (UNE), we developed mathematical models to evaluate the processes of Xe-133 and Ar-37 transport in fractured rock. Two models are developed respectively for representing thermal and isothermal transport. When the thermal process becomes minor under the condition of low temperature and low liquid saturation, the subsurface system is described using an isothermal and single-gas-phase transport model and barometric pumping becomes the major driving force to deliver Xe-133 and Ar-37 to the ground surface. A thermal test is simulated using a nonisothermal and two-phase transport model. In the model, steam production and bubble expansion are the major processes driving noble gas components to ground surface. After the temperature in the chimney drops below boiling, barometric pumping takes over the role as the major transport process. C1 [Sun, Yunwei; Carrigan, Charles R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sun, YW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sun4@llnl.gov RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 FU Office of Nuclear Verification, US Department of Energy [NA-243]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors wish to thank anonymous reviewers and Chuanhe Lu and Jerry J. Sweeney at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for their careful review and helpful comments that led to an improved manuscript. This research was funded by Office of Nuclear Verification (NA-243), US Department of Energy and performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 735 EP 750 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0514-4 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900028 ER PT J AU Henderson, JR Smith, MO Zelinski, ME AF Henderson, John R. Smith, Milton O. Zelinski, Michael E. TI Overhead Detection of Underground Nuclear Explosions by Multi-Spectral and Infrared Imaging SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty; CTBT; remote sensing; multi-spectral imaging; infrared imaging; underground nuclear explosion; on-site inspection ID TESTS; CLASSIFICATION AB The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty allows for Multi-Spectral and Infrared Imaging from an aircraft and on the ground to help reduce the search area for an underground nuclear explosion from the initial 1,000 km(2). Satellite data, primarily from Landsat, have been used as a surrogate for aircraft data to investigate whether there are any multi-spectral features associated with the nuclear tests in Pakistan, India or North Korea. It is shown that there are multi-spectral observables on the ground that can be associated with the nominal surface ground zero for at least some of these explosions, and that these are likely to be found by measurements allowed by the treaty. C1 [Henderson, John R.; Smith, Milton O.; Zelinski, Michael E.] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. RP Henderson, JR (reprint author), LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. EM henderson9@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0033-4553 EI 1420-9136 J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS JI Pure Appl. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 171 IS 3-5 BP 763 EP 777 DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0574-5 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC7XE UT WOS:000332745900030 ER PT J AU Pavuk, M Olson, JR Sjodin, A Wolff, P Turner, WE Shelton, C Dutton, ND Bartell, S AF Pavuk, M. Olson, J. R. Sjoedin, A. Wolff, P. Turner, W. E. Shelton, C. Dutton, N. D. Bartell, S. CA Anniston Environm Hlth Res Consort TI Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in participants of the Anniston Community Health Survey SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; Anniston; Exposure ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; THYROID-HORMONES; BODY BURDEN; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION; ADULTS AB Serum concentrations of 35 ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) were measured in 765 adults from Anniston, Alabama, where PCBs were manufactured between 1929 and 1971. As part of the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS), demographic data, questionnaire information, and blood samples were collected from participants in 2005-2007. Forty-six percent of study participants were African-American, 70% were female, and the median age was 56 years. The median concentration of the sum of 35 PCB congeners (Sigma PCBs) was 528 ng/g lipid, with a 90th percentile of 2600 ng/g lipid, minimum of 17.0 ng/g lipid, and maximum of 27,337 ng/g lipid. The least square geometric mean Sigma PCBs was more than 25 times higher for African-American participants than for White participants (866 ng/ g lipid vs. 331 ng/g lipid); this difference did not change materially after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and current smoking. In spite of large differences in absolute PCB levels, relative contributions of individual congeners to Sigma PCBs were quite similar between race groups. Nevertheless, while percent contributions to Sigma PCBs for most of the most abundant penta- to heptachlorobiphenyls were higher among African-Americans, the percentages were higher in Whites for the lower-chlorinated PCBs 28 and 74 and for octa- to decachlorinated PCBs. No major differences were observed in geometric mean Sigma PCBs between women and men when adjusted for age, race, BMI and current smoking (516 ng/g lipid vs. 526 ng/g lipid). Principal component analysis revealed groups of co-varying congeners that appear to be determined by chlorine substitution patterns. These congener groupings were similar between ACHS participants and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-04 sample of the general United States population, despite ACHS participants having serum concentrations of Sigma FCBs two to three times higher than those in comparable age and race groups from NHANES. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pavuk, M.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olson, J. R.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Sjoedin, A.; Turner, W. E.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wolff, P.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Shelton, C.] Jacksonville State Univ, Jacksonville, AL USA. [Dutton, N. D.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bartell, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. RP Pavuk, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MPavuk@cdc.gov RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; OI Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534 FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [5U50TS473215] FX The data used for the present study were collected using a grant from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to Jacksonville State University, # 5U50TS473215. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 74 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 473 BP 286 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.041 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB6UB UT WOS:000331923900034 PM 24374590 ER PT J AU Chen, H Mustafi, SM LeMaster, DM Li, Z Heroux, A Li, HM Hernandez, G AF Chen, Hui Mustafi, Sourajit M. LeMaster, David M. Li, Zhong Heroux, Annie Li, Hongmin Hernandez, Griselda TI Crystal structure and conformational flexibility of the unligated FK506-binding protein FKBP12.6 SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CARDIAC RYANODINE RECEPTOR; FK506 BINDING-PROTEINS; TGF-BETA RECEPTOR; HEART-FAILURE; SELECTIVE BINDING; NMR EXPERIMENTS; CALCINEURIN; COMPLEX; DOMAIN; RAPAMYCIN AB The primary known physiological function of FKBP12.6 involves its role in regulating the RyR2 isoform of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ channels in cardiac muscle, pancreatic beta islets and the central nervous system. With only a single previously reported X-ray structure of FKBP12.6, bound to the immunosuppressant rapamycin, structural inferences for this protein have been drawn from the more extensive studies of the homologous FKBP12. X-ray structures at 1.70 and 1.90 angstrom resolution from P2(1) and P3(1)21 crystal forms are reported for an unligated cysteine-free variant of FKBP12.6 which exhibit a notable diversity of conformations. In one monomer from the P3(1)21 crystal form, the aromatic ring of Phe59 at the base of the active site is rotated perpendicular to its typical orientation, generating a steric conflict for the immunosuppressant-binding mode. The peptide unit linking Gly89 and Val90 at the tip of the protein-recognition '80s loop' is flipped in the P2(1) crystal form. Unlike the >30 reported FKBP12 structures, the backbone conformation of this loop closely follows that of the first FKBP domain of FKBP51. The NMR resonances for 21 backbone amides of FKBP12.6 are doubled, corresponding to a slow conformational transition centered near the tip of the 80s loop, as recently reported for 31 amides of FKBP12. The comparative absence of doubling for residues along the opposite face of the active-site pocket in FKBP12.6 may in part reflect attenuated structural coupling owing to increased conformational plasticity around the Phe59 ring. C1 [Chen, Hui; Mustafi, Sourajit M.; LeMaster, David M.; Li, Zhong; Li, Hongmin; Hernandez, Griselda] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [LeMaster, David M.; Li, Hongmin; Hernandez, Griselda] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biomed Sci, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Heroux, Annie] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Hernandez, G (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201 USA. EM griselda@wadsworth.org OI Li, Hongmin/0000-0002-8684-5308 FU National Institutes of Health [GM 088214]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of US Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Center for Research Resources [P41RR012408]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [P41GM103473] FX We acknowledge the use of the NMR facility, X-ray crystallography and Molecular Genetics cores at the Wadsworth Center as well as the NMR facility at the New York Structural Biology Center. One set of diffraction data for this study was measured on beamline X25 of the National Synchrotron Light Source. This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health (GM 088214). Financial support for beamline X25 of the National Synchrotron Light Source comes principally from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy, and from the National Center for Research Resources (P41RR012408) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P41GM103473) of the National Institutes of Health. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1399-0047 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 636 EP 646 DI 10.1107/S1399004713032112 PN 3 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA AC3HC UT WOS:000332406600003 PM 24598733 ER PT J AU Song, JX Xu, T Gordin, ML Zhu, PY Lv, DP Jiang, YB Chen, YS Duan, YH Wang, DH AF Song, Jiangxuan Xu, Terrence Gordin, Mikhail L. Zhu, Pengyu Lv, Dongping Jiang, Ying-Bing Chen, Yongsheng Duan, Yuhua Wang, Donghai TI Nitrogen- Doped Mesoporous Carbon Promoted Chemical Adsorption of Sulfur and Fabrication of High- Areal- Capacity Sulfur Cathode with Exceptional Cycling Stability for Lithium- Sulfur Batteries SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE cathodes; nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon; lithium-sulfur batteries; areal capacity; chemical adsorption ID LI-S BATTERIES; ION BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; LIQUID ELECTROLYTE; RATE CAPABILITY; GRAPHENE OXIDE; NANOTUBES; COMPOSITES; INTERLAYER; STORAGE AB As one important component of sulfur cathodes, the carbon host plays a key role in the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. In this paper, a mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon (MPNC)-sulfur nanocomposite is reported as a novel cathode for advanced Li-S batteries. The nitrogen doping in the MPNC material can effectively promote chemical adsorption between sulfur atoms and oxygen functional groups on the carbon, as verified by X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, and the mechanism by which nitrogen enables the behavior is further revealed by density functional theory calculations. Based on the advantages of the porous structure and nitrogen doping, the MPNC-sulfur cathodes show excellent cycling stability (95% retention within 100 cycles) at a high current density of 0.7 mAh cm(-2) with a high sulfur loading (4.2 mg S cm(-2)) and a sulfur content (70 wt%). A high areal capacity (approximate to 3.3 mAh cm(-2)) is demonstrated by using the novel cathode, which is crucial for the practical application of Li-S batteries. It is believed that the important role of nitrogen doping promoted chemical adsorption can be extended for development of other high performance carbon-sulfur composite cathodes for Li-S batteries. C1 [Song, Jiangxuan; Xu, Terrence; Gordin, Mikhail L.; Lv, Dongping; Wang, Donghai] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Zhu, Pengyu; Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, EMS Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Zhu, Pengyu; Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jiang, Ying-Bing] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Duan, Yuhua] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Song, JX (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dwang@psu.edu RI Wang, Donghai/L-1150-2013; Xu, Terrence/M-8741-2014; Chen, Yongsheng/P-4800-2014; Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011; Song, Jiangxuan/G-8536-2015 OI Wang, Donghai/0000-0001-7261-8510; Xu, Terrence/0000-0002-9385-6881; Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142; FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-EE0005475] FX J.S. and T.X. contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-EE0005475. The authors thank Dr. Daniel Fischer and Dr. Cherno Jaye for their help with the XANES measurements on U7A Beam-line at National Synchrotron Light Source. NR 58 TC 284 Z9 285 U1 113 U2 747 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X EI 1616-3028 J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1243 EP 1250 DI 10.1002/adfm.201302631 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AC2NC UT WOS:000332337000007 ER PT J AU Kang, M Perfect, E Cheng, CL Bilheux, HZ Lee, J Horita, J Warren, JM AF Kang, M. Perfect, E. Cheng, C. L. Bilheux, H. Z. Lee, J. Horita, J. Warren, J. M. TI Multiple pixel-scale soil water retention curves quantified by neutron radiography SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Point water retention curves; Neutron radiography; Quantification ID HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; TOMOGRAPHY; FLOW; DRAINAGE; AVERAGE AB The soil water retention function is needed for modeling multiphase flow in porous media. Traditional techniques for measuring the soil water retention function, such as the hanging water column or pressure cell methods, yield average water retention data which have to be modeled using inverse procedures to extract relevant point parameters. In this study, we have developed a technique for directly measuring multiple point (pixel-scale) water retention curves for a repacked sand material using 2-D neutron radiography. Neutron radiographic images were obtained under quasi-equilibrium conditions at nine imposed basal matric potentials during monotonic drying of Flint sand at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) Cold Guide (CG) 1D beamline at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. All of the images were normalized with respect to an image of the oven dry sand column. Volumetric water contents were computed on a pixel by pixel basis using an empirical calibration equation after taking into account beam hardening and geometric corrections. Corresponding matric potentials were calculated from the imposed basal matric potential and pixel elevations. Volumetric water content and matric potential data pairs corresponding to 120 selected pixels were used to construct 120 point water retention curves. Each curve was fitted to the Brooks and Corey equation using segmented non-linear regression in SAS. A 98.5% convergence rate was achieved resulting in 115 estimates of the four Brooks and Corey parameters. A single Brooks and Corey point water retention function was constructed for Flint sand using the median values of these parameter estimates. This curve corresponded closely with the point Brooks and Corey function inversely extracted from the average water retention data using TrueCell. Forward numerical simulations performed using HYDRUS 1-D showed that the cumulative outflows predicted using the point Brooks and Corey functions from both the direct (neutron radiography) and inverse (TrueCell) methods were in good agreement with independent measurements of cumulative outflow determined with a transducer. Our results indicate that neutron radiography can be used to quantify the point water retention curve of homogeneous mineral particles. Further research will be needed to extend this approach to more heterogeneous porous media. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kang, M.; Perfect, E.; Cheng, C. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kang, M.; Bilheux, H. Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Lee, J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Horita, J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Cheng, C. L.; Warren, J. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kang, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mkang9@utk.edu RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Bilheux, Hassina/H-4289-2012; Cheng, Chu-Lin/G-3471-2013 OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Bilheux, Hassina/0000-0001-8574-2449; Cheng, Chu-Lin/0000-0002-1900-463X FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Joint Directed Research and Development (JDRD) Program of the University of Tennessee UT-ORNL Science Alliance; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX This Research was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Joint Directed Research and Development (JDRD) Program of the University of Tennessee UT-ORNL Science Alliance. The Authors thank Sophie Voisin, Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, ORNL for her contributions to the development of the MATLAB image analysis code. The Authors also acknowledge the assistance of various HFIR support groups and individuals, including the Machine Shop, the Instrument Development Group, Lakeisha Walker, Jaimie Werner, and Brent Taylor. This Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.12.004 PG 8 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA AC3CL UT WOS:000332392500001 ER PT J AU Jasrotia, P Green, SJ Canion, A Overholt, WA Prakash, O Wafula, D Hubbard, D Watson, DB Schadt, CW Brooks, SC Kostka, JE AF Jasrotia, Puja Green, Stefan J. Canion, Andy Overholt, Will A. Prakash, Om Wafula, Denis Hubbard, Daniela Watson, David B. Schadt, Christopher W. Brooks, Scott C. Kostka, Joel E. TI Watershed-Scale Fungal Community Characterization along a pH Gradient in a Subsurface Environment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITROUS-OXIDE PRODUCTION; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; DENITRIFYING BACTERIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; CYTOCHROME P450NOR; LANDFILL LEACHATE; DENITRIFICATION; DIVERSITY; NITRITE AB The objective of this study was to characterize fungal communities in a subsurface environment cocontaminated with uranium and nitrate at the watershed scale and to determine the potential contribution of fungi to contaminant transformation (nitrate attenuation). The abundance, distribution, and diversity of fungi in subsurface groundwater samples were determined using quantitative and semiquantitative molecular techniques, including quantitative PCR of eukaryotic small-subunit rRNA genes and pyrosequencing of fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Potential bacterial and fungal denitrification was assessed in sediment-groundwater slurries amended with antimicrobial compounds and in fungal pure cultures isolated from the subsurface. Our results demonstrate that subsurface fungal communities are dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, and a pronounced shift in fungal community composition occurs across the groundwater pH gradient at the field site, with lower diversity observed under acidic (pH <4.5) conditions. Fungal isolates recovered from subsurface sediments, including cultures of the genus Coniochaeta, which were detected in abundance in pyrosequence libraries of site groundwater samples, were shown to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide. Denitrifying fungal isolates recovered from the site were classified and found to be distributed broadly within the phylum Ascomycota and within a single genus of the Basidiomycota. Potential denitrification rate assays with sediment-groundwater slurries showed the potential for subsurface fungi to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide under in situ acidic pH conditions. C1 [Jasrotia, Puja] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, Res Resource Ctr, DNA Serv Facil, Chicago, IL USA. [Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Overholt, Will A.; Kostka, Joel E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Overholt, Will A.; Kostka, Joel E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Prakash, Om] Natl Ctr Cell Sci, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Wafula, Denis] UNM Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Hubbard, Daniela] Sequenom Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Watson, David B.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Brooks, Scott C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kostka, JE (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM joel.kostka@biology.gatech.edu RI Canion, Andy/Q-2397-2015; Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Watson, David/C-3256-2016; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; OI Canion, Andy/0000-0003-1604-7631; Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Green, Stefan/0000-0003-2781-359X FU Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research [BER]), U.S. Department of Energy [DEFG02-07ER64373, -97ER62469, -97ER64398]; Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge; UT-Battelle LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research [BER]), U.S. Department of Energy, grants DEFG02-07ER64373, -97ER62469, and -97ER64398 and by the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge, operated by the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 76 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 40 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1810 EP 1820 DI 10.1128/AEM.03423-13 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB8FO UT WOS:000332025800001 PM 24389927 ER PT J AU Singaravelu, S Klopf, JM Schriver, KE Park, HK Kelley, MJ Haglund, RF AF Singaravelu, S. Klopf, J. M. Schriver, K. E. Park, H. K. Kelley, M. J. Haglund, R. F., Jr. TI Resonant infrared pulsed laser deposition of cyclic olefin copolymer films SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID ABLATION; MECHANISMS AB Barrier materials on thin-film organic optoelectronic devices inhibit the uptake of water, oxygen, or environmental contaminants, and fabricating them is a major challenge. By definition, these barrier layers must be insoluble, so the usual routes to polymer- or organic-film deposition by spin coating are not problematic. In this paper, we report comparative studies of pulsed laser deposition of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), an excellent moisture barrier and a model system for a larger class of protective materials that are potentially useful in organic electronic devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Thin films of COC were deposited by resonant and nonresonant infrared pulsed laser ablation of solid COC targets, using a free-electron laser tuned to the 3.43 mu m C-H stretch of the COC, and a high-intensity nanosecond Q-switched laser operated at 1064 nm. The ablation craters and deposited films were characterized by scanning-electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, atomic-force microscopy, high-resolution optical microscopy, and surface profilometry. Thermal-diffusion calculations were performed to determine the temperature rise induced in the film at the C-H resonant wavelength. The results show that resonant infrared pulsed laser deposition (RIR-PLD) is an effective, low-temperature thin-film deposition technique that leads to evaporation and deposition of intact molecules in homogeneous, smooth films. Nonresonant PLD, on the other hand, leads to photothermal damage, degradation of the COC polymers, and to the deposition only of particulates. C1 [Singaravelu, S.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Singaravelu, S.; Klopf, J. M.; Kelley, M. J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Schriver, K. E.; Haglund, R. F., Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Singaravelu, S.; Schriver, K. E.; Park, H. K.] AppliFlex LLC, Nashville, TN 37211 USA. [Kelley, M. J.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA. RP Singaravelu, S (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rajaodu@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation Phase 2 STTR program [IIP-0924043]; Office of Naval Research; Army Night Vision Laboratory; Air Force Research Laboratory; Joint Technology Office; Commonwealth of Virginia; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-060R23177] FX We thank Professor D. M. Bubb (Rutgers University-Camden) for the temperature-dependent IR absorption measurements and Professor D. Kranbuehl (College of William and Mary) for measuring the specific heat of the COC samples. Research at AppliFlex LLC and at Vanderbilt University is supported by the National Science Foundation Phase 2 STTR program (IIP-0924043). The Jefferson Lab FEL is supported by the Office of Naval Research, the Army Night Vision Laboratory, the Air Force Research Laboratory, the Joint Technology Office, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and by the US Department of Energy, under contract No. DE-AC05-060R23177. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 EI 1432-0630 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 114 IS 4 BP 1285 EP 1293 DI 10.1007/s00339-013-7933-7 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AC3LW UT WOS:000332421700037 ER PT J AU Aasi, J Abadie, J Abbott, BP Abbott, R Abbott, T Abernathy, MR Accadia, T Acernese, F Adams, C Adams, T Adhikari, RX Affeldt, C Agathos, M Aggarwal, N Aguiar, OD Ajith, P Allen, B Allocca, A Ceron, EA Amariutei, D Anderson, RA Anderson, SB Anderson, WG Arai, K Araya, MC Arceneaux, C Areeda, J Ast, S Aston, SM Astone, P Aufmuth, P Aulbert, C Austin, L Aylott, BE Babak, S Baker, PT Ballardin, G Ballmer, SW Barayoga, JC Barker, D Barnum, SH Barone, F Barr, B Barsotti, L Barsuglia, M Barton, MA Bartos, I Bassiri, R Basti, A Batch, J Bauchrowitz, J Bauer, TS Bebronne, M Behnke, B Bejger, M Beker, MG Bell, AS Bell, C Belopolski, I Bergmann, G Berliner, JM Bertolini, A Bessis, D Betzwieser, J Beyersdorf, PT Beyersdorf, PT Bilenko, IA Billingsley, G Birch, J Bitossi, M Bizouard, MA Black, E Blackburn, JK Blackburn, L Blair, D Blom, M Bock, O Bodiya, TP Boer, M Bogan, C Bond, C Bondu, F Bonelli, L Bonnand, R Bork, R Born, M Bose, S Bosi, L Bowers, J Bradaschia, C Brady, PR Braginsky, VB Branchesi, M Brannen, CA Brau, JE Breyer, J Briant, T Bridges, DO Brillet, A Brinkmann, M Brisson, V Britzger, M Brooks, AF Brown, DA Brown, DD Bruckner, F Bulik, T Bulten, HJ Buonanno, A Buskulic, D Buy, C Byer, RL Cadonati, L Cagnoli, G Bustillo, JC Calloni, E Camp, JB Campsie, P Cannon, KC Canuel, B Cao, J Capano, CD Carbognani, F Carbone, L Caride, S Castiglia, A Caudill, S Cavaglia, M Cavalier, F Cavalieri, R Cella, G Cepeda, C Cesarini, E Chakraborty, R Chalermsongsak, T Chao, S Charlton, P Chassande-Mottin, E Chen, X Chen, Y Chincarini, A Chiummo, A Cho, HS Chow, J Christensen, N Chu, Q Chua, SSY Chung, S Ciani, G Clara, F Clark, DE Clark, JA Cleva, F Coccia, E Cohadon, PF Colla, A Colombini, M Constancio, M Conte, A Conte, R Cook, D Corbitt, TR Cordier, M Cornish, N Corsi, A 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Fournier, JD Franco, S Frasca, S Frasconi, F Frede, M Frei, M Frei, Z Freise, A Frey, R Fricke, TT Fritschel, P Frolov, VV Fujimoto, MK Fulda, P Fyffe, M Gair, J Gammaitoni, L Garcia, J Garufi, F Gehrels, N Gemme, G Genin, E Gennai, A Gergely, L Ghosh, S Giaime, JA Giampanis, S Giardina, KD Giazotto, A Gil-Casanova, S Gill, C Gleason, J Goetz, E Goetz, R Gondan, L Gonzalez, G Gordon, N Gorodetsky, ML Gossan, S Gossler, S Gouaty, R Graef, C Graff, PB Granata, M Grant, A Gras, S Gray, C Greenhalgh, RJS Gretarsson, AM Griffo, C Grote, H Grover, K Grunewald, S Guidi, GM Guido, C Gushwa, KE Gustafson, EK Gustafson, R Hall, B Hall, E Hammer, D Hammond, G Hanke, M Hanks, J Hanna, C Hanson, J Harms, J Harry, GM Harry, IW Harstad, ED Hartman, MT Haughian, K Hayama, K Heefner, J Heidmann, A Heintze, M Heitmann, H Hello, P Hemming, G Hendry, M Heng, IS Heptonstall, AW Heurs, M Hild, S Hoak, D Hodge, KA Holt, K Holtrop, M Hong, T Hooper, S Horrom, T Hosken, DJ Hough, J Howell, EJ Hu, Y Hua, Z 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CA LIGO Sci Collaboration Virgo Collaboration TI FIRST SEARCHES FOR OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS TO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE CANDIDATE EVENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; catalogs; gravitational waves; stars: neutron; surveys ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS; FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS; NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; 28 FEBRUARY 1997; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; LIGHT CURVES; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; SWIFT-ERA; RADIO OBSERVATIONS AB During the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory and Virgo joint science runs in 2009-2010, gravitational wave (GW) data from three interferometer detectors were analyzed within minutes to select GW candidate events and infer their apparent sky positions. Target coordinates were transmitted to several telescopes for follow-up observations aimed at the detection of an associated optical transient. Images were obtained for eight such GW candidates. We present the methods used to analyze the image data as well as the transient search results. No optical transient was identified with a convincing association with any of these candidates, and none of the GW triggers showed strong evidence for being astrophysical in nature. We compare the sensitivities of these observations to several model light curves from possible sources of interest, and discuss prospects for future joint GW-optical observations of this type. C1 [Aasi, J.; Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M. R.; Adhikari, R. X.; Ajith, P.; Anderson, R. A.; Anderson, S. B.; Arai, K.; Araya, M. C.; Austin, L.; Barayoga, J. C.; Billingsley, G.; Black, E.; Blackburn, J. K.; Bork, R.; Brooks, A. F.; Cepeda, C.; Chakraborty, R.; Chalermsongsak, T.; Coyne, D. C.; Daudert, B.; Dergachev, V.; Driggers, J. C.; Ehrens, P.; Etzel, T.; Ferrante, I.; Fotopoulos, N.; Gushwa, K. E.; Gustafson, E. K.; Hall, E.; Harms, J.; Heefner, J.; Heptonstall, A. W.; Hodge, K. 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Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Max-Planck-Society; State of Niedersachsen/Germany; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector; Australian Research Council; International Science Linkages program of the Commonwealth of Australia; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; Conselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes Balears; Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; FOCUS Programme of Foundation for Polish Science; Royal Society; Scottish Funding Council; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; OTKA of Hungary; Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO); National Research Foundation of Korea Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation; National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada; Carnegie Trust; Leverhulme Trust; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Research Corporation, FIRB (Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research) [RBFR12PM1F]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society, and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction and operation of the GEO600 detector, and the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the research by these agencies and by the Australian Research Council, the International Science Linkages program of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy, the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, the Conselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes Balears, the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the FOCUS Programme of Foundation for Polish Science, the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, OTKA of Hungary, the Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the National Research Foundation of Korea, Industry Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, the National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, the Carnegie Trust, the Leverhulme Trust, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the Research Corporation, FIRB 2012 Project RBFR12PM1F (Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research), and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. This work is based on results partially obtained at the ESO observatory, La Silla. The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This document has been assigned the identifier LIGO-P1200171-v19. NR 109 TC 34 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 93 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 211 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/7 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AB9DN UT WOS:000332090200007 ER PT J AU Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Brickhouse, NS Golub, L AF Traebert, Elmar Beiersdorfer, Peter Brickhouse, Nancy S. Golub, Leon TI HIGH-RESOLUTION LABORATORY SPECTRA ON THE lambda 131 CHANNEL OF THE AIA INSTRUMENT ON BOARD THE SOLAR DYNAMICS OBSERVATORY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE atomic data; methods: laboratory: atomic; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; techniques: spectroscopic ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET REGION; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; FE-VII; GRATING SPECTROMETER; X-RAY; CHIANTI; ANGSTROM; ELEMENTS; SDO/AIA AB Extreme ultraviolet spectra of C, O, F, Ne, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, and Ni have been excited in an electron beam ion trap and studied with much higher resolution than available on Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in order to ascertain the spectral composition of the SDO observations. We presently show our findings in the wavelength range 124-134 angstrom, which encompasses the lambda 131 observation channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). While the general interpretation of the spectral composition of the lambda 131 Fe channel is being corroborated, a number of new lines have been observed that might help to improve the diagnostic value of the SDO/AIA data. C1 [Traebert, Elmar; Beiersdorfer, Peter] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Traebert, Elmar] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst, D-44801 Bochum, Germany. [Brickhouse, Nancy S.; Golub, Leon] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Trabert, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Solar and Heliospherical Physics Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH10AN31I]; German Research Association (DFG) [Tr171/18, Tr171/19] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was supported by the Solar and Heliospherical Physics Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under award NNH10AN31I. E. T. acknowledges support from the German Research Association (DFG) (grants Tr171/18 and Tr171/19). NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 211 IS 1 AR 14 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/14 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AB9DN UT WOS:000332090200014 ER PT J AU Gulati, S Stubblefield, AA Hanlon, JS Spier, CL Stringfellow, WT AF Gulati, Shelly Stubblefield, Ashley A. Hanlon, Jeremy S. Spier, Chelsea L. Stringfellow, William T. TI Use of continuous and grab sample data for calculating total maximum daily load (TMDL) in agricultural watersheds SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Diffuse pollution; Chemometrics; Salinity; Real-time data; Sustainability; Agricultural ecosystems ID TRIBUTARY MASS LOADS; SAN-JOAQUIN RIVER; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; STRATEGIES; BASIN; NITROGEN; STREAMS; OXYGEN AB Measuring the discharge of diffuse pollution from agricultural watersheds presents unique challenges. Flows in agricultural watersheds, particularly in Mediterranean climates, can be predominately irrigation runoff and exhibit large diurnal fluctuation in both volume and concentration. Flow and pollutant concentrations in these smaller watersheds dominated by human activity do not conform to a normal distribution and it is not clear if parametric methods are appropriate or accurate for load calculations. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of five load estimation methods to calculate pollutant loads from agricultural watersheds. Calculation of loads using results from discrete (grab) samples was compared with the true-load computed using in situ continuous monitoring measurements. A new method is introduced that uses a non-parametric measure of central tendency (the median) to calculate loads (median-load). The median-load method was compared to more commonly used parametric estimation methods which rely on using the mean as a measure of central tendency (mean-load and daily-load), a method that utilizes the total flow volume (volume-load), and a method that uses measure of flow at the time of sampling (instantaneous-load). Using measurements from ten watersheds in the San Joaquin Valley of California, the average percent error compared to the true-load for total dissolved solids (TDS) was 7.3% for the median-load, 6.9% for the mean-load, 6.9% for the volume-load, 16.9% for the instantaneous-load, and 18.7% for the daily-load methods of calculation. The results of this study show that parametric methods are surprisingly accurate, even for data that have starkly non-normal distributions and are highly skewed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gulati, Shelly; Stubblefield, Ashley A.; Hanlon, Jeremy S.; Spier, Chelsea L.; Stringfellow, William T.] Univ Pacific, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Ecol Engn Res Program, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. [Hanlon, Jeremy S.; Stringfellow, William T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Geochem, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stringfellow, WT (reprint author), Univ Pacific, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Ecol Engn Res Program, 3601 Pacific Ave, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. EM wstringfellow@lbl.gov RI Stringfellow, William/O-4389-2015 OI Stringfellow, William/0000-0003-3189-5604 FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife [E0883006] FX This project was funded by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (Grant Agreement No. E0883006). We are also grateful for the assistance from the San Joaquin Valley Drainage Authority. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2014 VL 99 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.026 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB9UN UT WOS:000332141300009 PM 24238914 ER PT J AU Lu, CS Liu, YG Niu, SJ AF Lu, Chun-Song Liu, Yan-Gang Niu, Sheng-Jie TI Entrainment-mixing parameterization in shallow cumuli and effects of secondary mixing events SO CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Entrainment mixing; Cumulus; Homogeneous/inhomogeneous mixing; Observation; Model ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; MICROPHYSICS; STRATOCUMULUS; SIMULATION; MODEL AB Parameterization of entrainment-mixing processes in cumulus clouds is critical to improve cloud parameterization in models, but is still at its infancy. For this purpose, we have lately developed a formulation to represent a microphysical measure defined as homogeneous mixing degree in terms of a dynamical measure defined as transition scale numbers, and demonstrated the formulation with measurements from stratocumulus clouds. Here, we extend the previous work by examining data from observed cumulus clouds and find positive correlations between the homogeneous mixing degree and transition scale numbers. These results are similar to those in the stratocumulus clouds, but proved valid for the first time in observed cumulus clouds. The empirical relationships can be used to parameterize entrainment-mixing processes in two-moment microphysical schemes. Further examined are the effects of secondary mixing events on the relationships between homogeneous mixing degree and transition scale numbers with the explicit mixing parcel model. The secondary mixing events are found to be at least partially responsible for the larger scatter in the above positive correlations based on observations than that in the previous results based on numerical simulations without considering secondary mixing events. C1 [Lu, Chun-Song] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat China Meteorol A, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lu, Chun-Song; Liu, Yan-Gang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lu, Chun-Song] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Key Lab Numer Modeling Atmospher Sci & Geoph, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Niu, Sheng-Jie] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat China Meteorol A, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Lu, CS (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat China Meteorol A, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM luchunsong110@gmail.com RI Liu, Yangang/H-6154-2011; Lu, Chunsong/K-7124-2013 OI Lu, Chunsong/0000-0002-8967-0371 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41030962, 41305120, 41375138, 41275151, 41075029, 41375137, 41305034]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China [BK20130988, BK2012860]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20133228120002]; Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China [13KJB170014]; China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund [GYHY201406007]; National Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics; Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, China [KDW1102, KDW1104, KDW1201]; Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, China [KLME1305, KLME1205, KLME1107]; Qing-Lan Project for Cloud-Fog-Precipitation-Aerosol Study in Jiangsu Province, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Earth System Modeling (ESM) program via the FASTER project; Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41030962, 41305120, 41375138, 41275151, 41075029, 41375137, 41305034); the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20130988, BK2012860); the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20133228120002); the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China (13KJB170014); China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund (GYHY201406007); the Open Funding from National Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics; the Open Funding from Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, China (KDW1102, KDW1104, KDW1201); the Open Funding from Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, China (KLME1305, KLME1205, KLME1107); the Qing-Lan Project for Cloud-Fog-Precipitation-Aerosol Study in Jiangsu Province, China; a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Earth System Modeling (ESM) program via the FASTER project (www.bnl.gov/faster) and Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program. We appreciate the helpful discussions about the RACORO data with Andrew Vogelmann, Haf Jonsson, Greg McFarquhar, Glenn Diskin, Gunnar Senum and Hee-Jung Yang. We also thank Steven Krueger and Timothy Wagner for their help with the EMPM model. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-6538 EI 1861-9541 J9 CHINESE SCI BULL JI Chin. Sci. Bull. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 59 IS 9 BP 896 EP 903 DI 10.1007/s11434-013-0097-1 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC3MA UT WOS:000332422300010 ER PT J AU King, MD Gulledge, J AF King, Marcus DuBois Gulledge, Jay TI Climate change and energy security: an analysis of policy research SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CONFLICT AB The literature on climate change's impacts on energy security is scattered across disparate fields of research and schools of thought. Much of this literature has been produced outside of the academy by scholars and practitioners working in "think tanks," government agencies, and international/multilateral institutions. Here we reviewed a selected set of 58 articles and reports primarily from such sources and performed textual analysis of the arguments. Our review of this literature identifies three potential mechanisms for linking climate change and energy security: Climate change may 1) create second-order effects that may exacerbate social instability and disrupt energy systems; 2) directly impact energy supply and/or systems or 3) influence energy security through the effects of climate-related policies. We identify emerging risks to energy security driven by climate mitigation technology choices but find less evidence of climate change's direct physical impacts. We used both empirical and qualitative selection factors for choosing the grey literature sample. The sources we selected were published in the last 5 years, available through electronic media and were written in language accessible to general policy or academic readers. The organizations that published the literature had performed previous research in the general fields of energy and/or climate change with some analytical content and identified themselves as non-partisan. This literature is particularly valuable to scholars because identifies understudied relationships that can be rigorously assessed through academic tools and methodologies and informs a translational research agenda that will allow scholars to engage with practitioners to address challenges that lie at the nexus of climate change and energy security. C1 [King, Marcus DuBois] George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Gulledge, Jay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP King, MD (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM mdking@gwu.edu RI Gulledge, Jay/G-3252-2010 OI Gulledge, Jay/0000-0002-9779-8690 NR 45 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD MAR PY 2014 VL 123 IS 1 SI SI BP 57 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0895-0 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC2HE UT WOS:000332319700005 ER PT J AU Green, DL Berry, LA AF Green, D. L. Berry, L. A. TI Iterative addition of parallel temperature effects to finite-difference simulation of radio-frequency wave propagation in plasmas SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Radio frequency heating; FDFD; FEFD; Kinetic effects; Plasmas ID NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; CURRENT DRIVE; CYCLOTRON WAVES; ICRF ANTENNAS; FREQUENCY; TOKAMAK AB Accurate simulations of how radio frequency (RF) power is launched, propagates, and absorbed in a magnetically confined plasma is a computationally challenging problem that for which no comprehensive approach presently exists. The underlying physics is governed by the Vlasov-Maxwell equations, and characteristic length scales can vary by three orders of magnitude. Present algorithms are, in general, based on finding the constituative relation between the induced RF current and the RF electric field and solving the resulting set of Maxwell's equations. These linear equations use a Fourier basis set that is not amenable to multi-scale formulations and have a large dense coefficient matrix that requires a high-communications overhead factorization technique. Here the use of operator splitting to separate the current and field calculations, and a low-overhead iterative solver leads to an algorithm that avoids these issues and has the potential to solve presently intractable problems due to its data-parallel and favorable scaling characteristics. We verify the algorithm for the iterative addition of parallel temperature effects for a 1D electron Langmuir by reproducing the solution obtained with the existing Fourier kinetic RF code AORSA (Jaeger et al., 2008). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Green, D. L.; Berry, L. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Green, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM greendl1@ornl.gov; berryla@ornl.gov FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX This work was supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy, and used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC05-000R22725. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3 BP 736 EP 743 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.032 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA AB6SF UT WOS:000331919100005 ER PT J AU Pang, X Rybarcyk, L AF Pang, X. Rybarcyk, L. TI GPU accelerated online multi-particle beam dynamics simulator for ion linear particle accelerators SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE GPU; Multi-particle; Beam dynamics; Particle accelerator AB An online beam dynamics simulator is being developed for use in the operation of an ion linear particle accelerator. By employing Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) technology, the performance of the simulator has been significantly increased over that of a single CPU and is therefore viable in the demanding accelerator operations environment. Once connected to the accelerator control system, it can rapidly respond to any control set point changes and predict beam properties along an ion linear accelerator in pseudoreal time. This simulator will be a virtual beam diagnostic tool which is especially useful when direct beam measurements are not available. Details about the code structure design, physics algorithms, GPU implementations, and performance are presented. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pang, X.; Rybarcyk, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Pang, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM xpang@lanl.gov FU US DOE; NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors would like to thank Scott A. Baily for support on EPICS control system and Robert W. Garnett for his comments and suggestions in preparing this paper. This work is supported by US DOE, NNSA under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3 BP 744 EP 753 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.033 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA AB6SF UT WOS:000331919100006 ER PT J AU Jiang, W Phillips, JC Huang, L Fajer, M Meng, YL Gumbart, JC Luo, Y Schulten, K Roux, B AF Jiang, Wei Phillips, James C. Huang, Lei Fajer, Mikolai Meng, Yilin Gumbart, James C. Luo, Yun Schulten, Klaus Roux, Benoit TI Generalized scalable multiple copy algorithms for molecular dynamics simulations in NAMD SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE MCA; NAMD; Tcl; Charm plus ID FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; REPLICA-EXCHANGE METHOD; BINDING FREE-ENERGIES; STRING METHOD; TRANSITION PATHWAYS; LANDSCAPE; WATER; TRAJECTORIES; EFFICIENT; SOLVENT AB Computational methodologies that couple the dynamical evolution of a set of replicated copies of a system of interest offer powerful and flexible approaches to characterize complex molecular processes. Such multiple copy algorithms (MCAs) can be used to enhance sampling, compute reversible work and free energies, as well as refine transition pathways. Widely used examples of MCAs include temperature and Hamiltonian-tempering replica-exchange molecular dynamics (T-REMD and H-REMD), alchemical free energy perturbation with lambda replica-exchange (FEP/lambda-REMD), umbrella sampling with Hamiltonian replica exchange (US/H-REMD), and string method with swarms-of-trajectories conformational transition pathways. Here, we report a robust and general implementation of MCAs for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in the highly scalable program NAMD built upon the parallel programming system Charm++. Multiple concurrent NAMD instances are launched with internal partitions of Charm++ and located continuously within a single communication world. Messages between NAMD instances are passed by low-level point-to-point communication functions, which are accessible through NAMD's Tcl scripting interface. The communication-enabled Tcl scripting provides a sustainable application interface for end users to realize generalized MCAs without modifying the source code. Illustrative applications of MCAs with fine-grained inter-copy communication structure, including global lambda exchange in FEP/lambda-REMD, window swapping US/H-REMD in multidimensional order parameter space, and string method with swarms-of-trajectories were carried out on IBM Blue Gene/Q to demonstrate the versatility and massive scalability of the present implementation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jiang, Wei; Luo, Yun] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gumbart, James C.; Roux, Benoit] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Huang, Lei; Fajer, Mikolai; Meng, Yilin; Roux, Benoit] Univ Chicago, Gordon Ctr Integrat Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Phillips, James C.; Schulten, Klaus] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schulten, Klaus] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gumbart, James C.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 240, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wjiang@alcf.anl.gov; kschulte@ks.uiuc.edu; roux@uchicago.edu OI Phillips, James/0000-0002-2296-3591 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institutes of Health [9P41GM104601, U54GM087519, K22-AI100927]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [MCB-0920261]; Early Science Program of Argonne Leadership Computing Facility; Department of Energy Office of Science and used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory FX We would like to acknowledge the Parallel Programming Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, for the implementation of Char on IBM Blue Gene/Q. This research is supported by the Early Science Program of Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, Department of Energy Office of Science and used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work also is supported by the National Institutes of Health through grants 9P41GM104601 (K.S. and J.P.), U54GM087519 (K.S. and B.R.), and K22-AI100927 (J.C.G.) and by MCB-0920261 (B.R.) from the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 55 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3 BP 908 EP 916 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.12.014 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA AB6SF UT WOS:000331919100024 PM 24944348 ER PT J AU Lourderaj, U Sun, R Kohale, SC Barnes, GL de Jong, WA Windus, TL Hase, WL AF Lourderaj, Upakarasamy Sun, Rui Kohale, Swapnil C. Barnes, George L. de Jong, Wibe A. Windus, Theresa L. Hase, William L. TI The VENUS/NWChem software package. Tight coupling between chemical dynamics simulations and electronic structure theory SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Direct dynamics; Classical trajectories; Molecular simulation ID CLASSICAL TRAJECTORY SIMULATIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; POSTTRANSITION STATE DYNAMICS; ABIETIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; UNIMOLECULAR DYNAMICS; PERFORMANCE; DECOMPOSITION; PROGRAM AB The interface for VENUS and NWChem, and the resulting software package for direct dynamics simulations are described. The coupling of the two codes is considered to be a tight coupling since the two codes are compiled and linked together and act as one executable with data being passed between the two codes through routine calls. The advantages of this type of coupling are discussed. The interface has been designed to have as little interference as possible with the core codes of both VENUS and NWChem. VENUS is the code that propagates the direct dynamics trajectories and, therefore, is the program that drives the overall execution of VENUS/NWChem. VENUS has remained an essentially sequential code, which uses the highly parallel structure of NWChem. Subroutines of the interface that accomplish the data transmission and communication between the two computer programs are described. Recent examples of the use of VENUS/NWChem for direct dynamics simulations are summarized. Program summary Program title: VENUS/NWChem Catalogue identifier: AERS_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AERS_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Open Source Educational Community License No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 10,831,970 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 77,141,871 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Fortran 77 with some C in NWChem, MPI. Computer: All Linux based workstations and parallel supercomputers. Operating system: Linux. Has the code been vectorized or parallelized?: Venus is a sequential code; NWChem can run in parallel. Classification: 16.8. Subprograms used: Cat Id Title Reference AEGI_v1_0 NWChem CPC 181(2010)1477 Nature of problem: Direct dynamics simulations play an important role in investigating and understanding atomic-level chemical dynamics information such as atomistic reaction mechanisms, unimolecular and bimolecular rate constants, intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution rates, etc. The ability to couple direct dynamics with electronic structure methods brings a level of fidelity to the simulations that is important for complex systems. However, a tight coupling between two codes that have their own development teams and schedules can be challenging. Solution method: The VENUS/NWChem interface is designed to link the general electronic structure program (NWChem) and classical chemical dynamics simulation program (VENUS) to perform direct dynamics simulation in which the trajectories "on the fly" with the potential and its derivatives obtained directly from electronic structure theory. One of the design goals is to build interfaces that require as little interference in NWChem and VENUS as possible so that each of the code developments can continue independently. This is especially important since VENUS is currently a sequential code and NWChem is a parallel code and being able to compute the energies, gradients, and Hessian in parallel is an important aspect of making the software useful to users. In this manuscript, the tight coupling interface between the two codes is described and examples of its use are given. In the classical chemical dynamics simulation an ensemble of trajectories is calculated, and the initial sampling represents the conditions of the reactants for the chemical reaction under investigation. Each trajectory is evaluated by numerically integrating either Hamilton's or Newton's equations of motion. The Schrodinger equation is solved and the energy and energy gradient are calculated in the electronic structure program (NWChem), and this information is passed to the classical trajectory program (VENUS) to solve the equations of motion. Additional comments: Full documentation is provided in the distribution file. This includes a README file giving the names and brief description of all the files that make up the package and instructions on the installation and execution of the program. Sample input and output data for test run will also be provided. The software is free to download and use once a signed license agreement has been received. The agreement will be displayed when the program is requested. Running time: The running time depends on the size of the chemical system, simulation time, complexity of the ab initio method and number of CPUs. The ab initio method is the most time consuming part of each step in the calculations and scaling, for different types of systems and levels of theory is available in Valiev et al. (2010). Again, there are many factors that affect the running time for the full simulation and it can range from several hours for simulations of a few atoms with DFT and a small basis set running on a single compute node to several days for the simulation of tens of heavy atoms with larger basis set running parallel. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lourderaj, Upakarasamy] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Sch Chem Sci, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Sun, Rui; Kohale, Swapnil C.; Hase, William L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Barnes, George L.] Siena Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Loudonville, NY 12211 USA. [de Jong, Wibe A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Windus, Theresa L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hase, WL (reprint author), Box 41061, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM bill.hase@ttu.edu RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation; Robert A. Welch Foundation [D-0005]; National Science Foundation [OISE-0730114]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The development and applications of the VENUS/NWChem software package by the Hase Research Group have been supported by grants from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Office of Naval Research, and the National Science Foundation. Support from the Robert A. Welch Foundation, from Grant No. D-0005, is also important. This material is also based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OISE-0730114 for the Partnerships in International Research and Education (PIRE). This work was done in part using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3 BP 1074 EP 1080 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.11.011 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA AB6SF UT WOS:000331919100038 ER PT J AU Zhong, ZP Talamo, A Gohar, Y AF Zhong, Zhaopeng Talamo, Alberto Gohar, Yousry TI Monte Carlo and deterministic computational methods for the calculation of the effective delayed neutron fraction (vol 184, pg 1660, 2013) SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Correction C1 [Zhong, Zhaopeng; Talamo, Alberto; Gohar, Yousry] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhong, ZP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM zzhong@anl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3 BP 1193 EP 1193 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.11.007 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA AB6SF UT WOS:000331919100050 ER PT J AU Du, Q Huang, Z Lehoucq, RB AF Du, Qiang Huang, Zhan Lehoucq, Richard B. TI NONLOCAL CONVECTION-DIFFUSION VOLUME-CONSTRAINED PROBLEMS AND JUMP PROCESSES SO DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES B LA English DT Article AB We introduce the Cauchy and time-dependent volume-constrained problems associated with a linear nonlocal convection-diffusion equation. These problems are shown to be well-posed and correspond to conventional convection-diffusion equations as the region of nonlocality vanishes. The problems also share a number of features such as the maximum principle, conservation and dispersion relations, all of which are consistent with their corresponding local counterparts. Moreover, these problems are the master equations for a class of finite activity Levy-type processes with nonsymmetric Levy measure. Monte Carlo simulations and finite difference schemes are applied to these nonlocal problems, to show the effects of time, kernel, nonlocality and different volume-constraints. C1 [Du, Qiang; Huang, Zhan] Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lehoucq, Richard B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Du, Q (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM qdu@math.psu.edu; zxh117@psu.edu; rblehou@sandia.gov RI Du, Qiang/B-1021-2008 OI Du, Qiang/0000-0002-1067-8937 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0005346, WP-09-014290]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DMS-1318586]; US AFOSR MURI Center for Material Failure Prediction through Peridynamics; Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories FX The first two authors are supported by U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-SC0005346, U.S. National Science Foundation grant DMS-1318586, and US AFOSR MURI Center for Material Failure Prediction through Peridynamics. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work of R.B. Lehoucq was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy grant FWP-09-014290 through the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, DOE Office of Science, and by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 1531-3492 EI 1553-524X J9 DISCRETE CONT DYN-B JI Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.-Ser. B PD MAR PY 2014 VL 19 IS 2 BP 373 EP 389 DI 10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.373 PG 17 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AB8HO UT WOS:000332031200003 ER PT J AU Fletcher, DE Lindell, AH Stillings, GK Mills, GL Blas, SA McArthur, JV AF Fletcher, Dean E. Lindell, Angela H. Stillings, Garrett K. Mills, Gary L. Blas, Susan A. McArthur, J. Vaun TI Spatial and taxonomic variation in trace element bioaccumulation in two herbivores from a coal combustion waste contaminated stream SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Trace elements; Bioaccumulation; Coal combustion waste; Clam; Mayfly ID CARBON-ISOTOPE RATIOS; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; BULLFROGS RANA-CATESBEIANA; CLAM CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; COASTAL-PLAIN STREAM; FRESH-WATER; HEAVY-METALS; AQUATIC INSECTS; LIFE-HISTORIES; ARKANSAS RIVER AB Dissimilarities in habitat use, feeding habits, life histories, and physiology can result in syntopic aquatic taxa of similar trophic position bioaccumulating trace elements in vastly different patterns. We compared bioaccumulation in a clam, Corbicula fluminea and mayfly nymph Maccaffertium modestum from a coal combustion waste contaminated stream. Collection sites differed in distance to contaminant sources, incision, floodplain activity, and sources of flood event water and organic matter. Contaminants variably accumulated in both sediment and biofilm. Bioaccumulation differed between species and sites with C fluminea accumulating higher concentrations of Hg, Cs, Sr, Se, As, Be, and Cu, but M. modestum higher Pb and V. Stable isotope analyses suggested both spatial and taxonomic differences in resource use with greater variability and overlap between species in the more physically disturbed site. The complex but essential interactions between organismal biology, divergence in resource use, and bioaccumulation as related to stream habitat requires further studies essential to understand impacts of metal pollution on stream systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fletcher, Dean E.; Lindell, Angela H.; Stillings, Garrett K.; Mills, Gary L.; McArthur, J. Vaun] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Blas, Susan A.] Savannah River Nucl Solut, Area Complet Projects, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Fletcher, DE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM fletcher@srel.uga.edu; lindell@srel.uga.edu; garrett.stillings@ky.gov; gmills@srel.uga.edu; susan.blas@srs.gov; mcarthur@srel.uga.edu FU Department of Energy; Area Completion Projects group-SRNS [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy and the Area Completion Projects group-SRNS under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. We thank Bill Hopkins for his insightful comments that improved this manuscript and David Kling, Cynthia Tant, Beryl Walker, and Nathaniel Fletcher for field and lab assistance, Tracye Murphy and John Seaman for trace element analysis and Tom Maddox for SIA. NR 74 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 EI 1090-2414 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 101 BP 196 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.024 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA AB5UE UT WOS:000331853400028 PM 24507146 ER PT J AU Tsuji, P Poulson, J Engquist, B Ying, LX AF Tsuji, Paul Poulson, Jack Engquist, Bjoern Ying, Lexing TI SWEEPING PRECONDITIONERS FOR ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION WITH SPECTRAL ELEMENT METHODS SO ESAIM-MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS-MODELISATION MATHEMATIQUE ET ANALYSE NUMERIQUE LA English DT Article DE Elastic wave; seismic wave; time-harmonic; frequency domain; spectral elements; parallel preconditioner; iterative solver; sparse-direct; perfectly matched layers; full waveform inversion ID HARMONIC MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; HELMHOLTZ-EQUATION AB We present a parallel preconditioning method for the iterative solution of the time-harmonic elastic wave equation which makes use of higher-order spectral elements to reduce pollution error. In particular, the method leverages perfectly matched layer boundary conditions to efficiently approximate the Schur complement matrices of a block LDLT factorization. Roth sequential and parallel versions of the algorithm are discussed and results for large-scale problems from exploration geophysics are presented. C1 [Tsuji, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Poulson, Jack] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Computat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Engquist, Bjoern] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ying, Lexing] Stanford Univ, Dept Math, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Tsuji, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lexing@math.stanford.edu NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0764-583X EI 1290-3841 J9 ESAIM-MATH MODEL NUM JI ESAIM-Math. Model. Numer. Anal.-Model. Math. Anal. Numer. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 48 IS 2 BP 433 EP 447 DI 10.1051/m2an/2013114 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AB7BH UT WOS:000331943800007 ER PT J AU Johnson, BB Dhople, SV Hamadeh, AO Krein, PT AF Johnson, Brian B. Dhople, Sairaj V. Hamadeh, Abdullah O. Krein, Philip T. TI Synchronization of Nonlinear Oscillators in an LTI Electrical Power Network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS LA English DT Article DE Inverter control; microgrids; nonlinear oscillators; synchronization ID INVERTERS; SYSTEMS; PARALLEL; MICROGRIDS; CONTROLLER; OPERATION; PASSIVITY AB Sufficient conditions are derived for the global asymptotic synchronization of a class of identical nonlinear oscillators coupled through a linear time-invariant network. In particular, we focus on systems where oscillators are connected to a common node through identical branch impedances. For such networks, it is shown that the synchronization condition is independent of the number of oscillators and the value of the load impedance connected to the common node. Theoretical findings are then leveraged to control a system of parallel single-phase voltage source inverters serving an impedance load in an islanded microgrid application. The ensuing paradigm: i) does not necessitate communication between inverters, ii) is independent of system load, and iii) facilitates a modular design approach because the synchronization condition is independent of the number of oscillators. We present both simulation and experimental case studies to validate the analytical results and demonstrate the proposed application. C1 [Johnson, Brian B.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Power Syst Engn Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Dhople, Sairaj V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hamadeh, Abdullah O.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Krein, Philip T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Johnson, BB (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Power Syst Engn Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM brian.johnson@nrel.gov; sdhople@umn.edu; ahamadeh@mit.edu; krein@illinois.edu FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics at the University of Illinois; Global Climate and Energy Project at Stanford University FX The work of B. B. Johnson was supported in part by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and the Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics at the University of Illinois. The work of P. T. Krein was supported in part by the Global Climate and Energy Project at Stanford University. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor R. Sipahi. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1549-8328 EI 1558-0806 J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-I JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I-Regul. Pap. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 61 IS 3 BP 834 EP 844 DI 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2284180 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AB9LM UT WOS:000332115000017 ER PT J AU Jordan, TS Scott, S Leonhardt, D Custer, JO Rodenbeck, CT Wolfley, S Nordquist, CD AF Jordan, Tyler S. Scott, Sean Leonhardt, Darin Custer, Joyce Olsen Rodenbeck, Christopher T. Wolfley, Steve Nordquist, Christopher D. TI Model and Characterization of VO2 Thin-Film Switching Devices SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE Resistive circuits; switches; thin film devices; vanadium compounds ID INSULATOR-TRANSITION; PHASE-TRANSITION AB This paper investigates and models the dc behavior of thin-film-based switching devices. The devices are based on sputtered vanadium dioxide thin films that transition from 200 k Omega/square at room temperature to 390 Omega/square at temperatures above 68 degrees C, with the transition occurring over a narrow temperature range. The device resistance is characterized over temperature and under current-and voltage-sourced electrical bias. The finite-element model predicts the device's nonuniform switching behavior. Electrothermally heated devices show the same transition ratio and switching behavior as externally heated devices suggesting a purely electrothermal switching mechanism. C1 [Jordan, Tyler S.; Leonhardt, Darin; Rodenbeck, Christopher T.; Wolfley, Steve; Nordquist, Christopher D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Scott, Sean] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Custer, Joyce Olsen] Sandia Staffing Alliance, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Jordan, TS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM tsjorda@sandia.gov; scottsm@purdue.edu; dleonha@sandia.gov; jcuster@sandia.gov; ctroden@sandia.gov; slwolfl@sandia.gov; cdnordq@sandia.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Sandia National Laboratories is a Multiprogram Laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor C. K. Sarkar. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 38 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9383 EI 1557-9646 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD MAR PY 2014 VL 61 IS 3 BP 813 EP 819 DI 10.1109/TED.2014.2299549 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA AB8LC UT WOS:000332040700023 ER PT J AU Zhang, C Wang, JH AF Zhang, Chi Wang, Jianhui TI Optimal Transmission Switching Considering Probabilistic Reliability SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Evolutionary algorithm; multi-objective optimization; reliability; transmission switching AB A multi-objective (MO) optimization approach is proposed in this letter to develop optimal transmission switching strategies with minimal generating cost and maximal probabilistic reliability. The problem is solved via an evolutionary algorithm together with Monte Carlo simulation to capture the probabilistic nature of system component failures. The numerical results show that the identified quasi Pareto-optimal solutions can provide insights into the trade-off between generating cost and system reliability considering transmission switching. C1 [Zhang, Chi] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, C (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM czhang@tsinghua.edu.cn; jianhui.wang@anl.gov RI zhang, chi/E-1251-2016 OI zhang, chi/0000-0002-2995-7469 FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy of U.S. Department of Energy; National Natural Science Foundation of China [71301085, 71332005, 71301175] FX This work was supported by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy of U.S. Department of Energy and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 71301085, 71332005, and 71301175. Paper no. PESL-00149-2012. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 EI 1558-0679 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 29 IS 2 BP 974 EP 975 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2287999 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AB7NT UT WOS:000331978000047 ER PT J AU Seong, H Choi, S Lee, K AF Seong, H. Choi, S. Lee, K. TI EXAMINATION OF NANOPARTICLES FROM GASOLINE DIRECT-INJECTION (GDI) ENGINES USING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (TEM) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sub-23-nm particles; Solid carbon nanoparticles; GDI engines; TEM analysis; Morphology; PN regulation ID EXHAUST; DIESEL; PARTICLE; VEHICLES AB Gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines have been reported to produce significantly more particulate matter (PM) mass and particulate number (PN) emissions than do port-fuel-injection (PFI) spark ignition engines. Because small-sized particles are of great concern in terms of their regulation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to evaluate the sizes of primary and aggregate particles that were thermophoretically collected from three different GDI engines under various engine operating conditions. A low load and retarded fuel injection generally reduced the particle size. Consequently, when the fuel injection timing was delayed at low loads, primary and aggregate particles became extremely small. In particular, a number of nanoparticles were sub-23-nm particles. Careful high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) analyses provided the first evidence that these nanoparticles are solid carbon particles with clear fringe patterns and young soot (and/or highly condensed semi-volatiles) with amorphous carbon patterns. Therefore, this result suggests that the current cut-off size at 23 rim for PN regulation in Euro 6 must be further reduced to include sub-23-nm carbon nanoparticles. C1 [Seong, H.; Choi, S.; Lee, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Seong, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hseong@anl.gov FU Advanced Engine Combustion Program at the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Vehicle Technologies; Corning Inc.; Hyundai motor company; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the government. The authors thank the Advanced Engine Combustion Program at the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Vehicle Technologies, Corning Inc. and Hyundai motor company for their support. Additionally, the authors thank Dr. David Rothamer, Stephen Sakai and Mitchel Hageman for their help in collecting particulates from the single-cylinder engine in the Engine Research Center (ERG) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Furthermore, the use of the TEM instruments at the Center for Nanoscale Materials facility and the Electron Microscopy Center was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 41 PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-KSAE PI SEOUL PA #1301, PARADISE VENTURE TOWER, 52-GIL 21, TEHERAN-RO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-919, SOUTH KOREA SN 1229-9138 EI 1976-3832 J9 INT J AUTO TECH-KOR JI Int. J. Automot. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 2 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s12239-014-0019-5 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA AC0OD UT WOS:000332193700001 ER PT J AU Choi, S Myung, CL Park, S AF Choi, S. Myung, C. L. Park, S. TI REVIEW ON CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-PARTICLE EMISSIONS AND PM MORPHOLOGY FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES: PART 2 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Particulate matters (PM); PM characterization; TEM microscopy; X-ray diffraction (XRD); Raman spectroscopy ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; OPERATING-CONDITIONS; PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; FRACTAL DIMENSION; SOOT PARTICLES; AIR-POLLUTION; MOBILITY; SIZE; NANOSTRUCTURE; MICROSCOPY AB This paper presents a review of the characterization of physical properties, morphology, and nanostructure of particulate emissions from internal combustion engines. Because of their convenience and readiness of measurement, various on-line commercial instruments have been used to measure the mass, number, and size distribution of nano-particles from different engines. However, these on-line commercial instruments have inherent limitations in detailed analysis of chemical and physical properties, morphology, and nanostructure of engine soot agglomerates, information that is necessary to understand the soot formation process in engine combustion, soot particle behavior in after-treatment systems, and health impacts of the nano-particles. For these reasons, several measurement techniques used in the carbon research field, i.e., high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy, were used for analysis of engine particulate matter (PM). This review covers a brief introduction of several measurement techniques and previous results from engine nano-particle characterization studies using those techniques. C1 [Choi, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Myung, C. L.; Park, S.] Korea Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Myung, CL (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea. EM gascar@korea.ac.kr FU Korea University; BK21 plus FX This study was supported by Korea University Grant and BK21 plus. NR 62 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 42 PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-KSAE PI SEOUL PA #1301, PARADISE VENTURE TOWER, 52-GIL 21, TEHERAN-RO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-919, SOUTH KOREA SN 1229-9138 EI 1976-3832 J9 INT J AUTO TECH-KOR JI Int. J. Automot. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 2 BP 219 EP 227 DI 10.1007/s12239-014-0023-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA AC0OD UT WOS:000332193700005 ER PT J AU Kim, N Lohse-Busch, H Rousseau, A AF Kim, N. Lohse-Busch, H. Rousseau, A. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF THE DUAL CLUTCH TRANSMISSION IN AUTONOMIE AND VALIDATION WITH DYNAMOMETER TEST DATA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dual clutch transmission; Shifting map; Gearshift pattern; Modeling and simulation; Fuel economy; Performance AB Owing to ever more stringent regulations and customers' expectations, auto manufacturers have been considering numerous technology options to improve vehicle fuel economy. One of these is transmission technology, which has been shown to be one of the most cost-effective technologies. Over the past few years, transmissions have significantly evolved and have impacted both performance and fuel efficiency. As one of the advanced tranmissions, the dual clutch transmission (DCT) is the first automatic transmission to provide better efficiency than manual transmissions. DCTs provide reduced shift shocks and better driver comfort in addition to higher top speeds and torques. In this paper, a model and shifting controller for the DCT are developed in the vehicle systems context using Autonomie, a model-based vehicle simulation tool. Finally, the Autonomie DCT model and control strategy are validated using vehicle test data from Argonne's Advanced Powertrain Research Facility. C1 [Kim, N.; Lohse-Busch, H.; Rousseau, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Rousseau, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM arousseau@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technology Office; [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technology Office under the direction of David Anderson and Lee Slezak. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-KSAE PI SEOUL PA #1301, PARADISE VENTURE TOWER, 52-GIL 21, TEHERAN-RO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-919, SOUTH KOREA SN 1229-9138 EI 1976-3832 J9 INT J AUTO TECH-KOR JI Int. J. Automot. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 2 BP 263 EP 271 DI 10.1007/s12239-014-0027-5 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA AC0OD UT WOS:000332193700009 ER PT J AU Chapline, G Barbieri, J AF Chapline, George Barbieri, James TI COLLECTIVE BARYON DECAY AND GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Article DE Gravitational collapse; baryon decay; firewall; gamma ray bursts ID LAMBDA-PHI-4 FIELD-THEORY; CURVED SPACE-TIME; SCALAR FIELD; RENORMALIZATION; UNIVERSE AB While it is widely believed that the gravitational collapse of a sufficiently large mass will lead to a density singularity and an event horizon, we propose that this never happens when quantum effects are taken into account. In particular, we propose that when the conditions become ripe for the formation of a trapped surface, a quantum critical firewall sweeps over the collapsing body, transforming the nucleons in the collapsing matter into a lepton/photon gas together with droplets of a positive vacuum energy. This will happen regardless of the matter density at the time a trapped surface starts to form, and as a result, we predict that at least in all cases of gravitational collapse involving ordinary matter, a large fraction of the rest mass of the collapsing matter will be converted into a burst of neutrinos and gamma-rays. We predict that the peak luminosity of these bursts is only weakly dependent on the mass of the collapsing object, and on the order of (epsilon(q)/m(P)c(2))(1/4)c(5)/G where epsilon(q) is the mean energy of a nucleon parton and m(P) is the Planck mass. The duration of the bursts will depend on the mass of the collapsing object; in the case of stellar core collapse, we predict that the duration of both the neutrino and gamma-ray bursts will be on the order of 10 s. C1 [Chapline, George] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Barbieri, James] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Chapline, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM barbierijf@hughes.net FU TUBITAK [BIDEB-2219] FX I would like to thank the colleagues in the theoretical high energy physics group at McGill University and especially Robert Brandenberger for their hospitality. This work is supported by TUBITAK BIDEB-2219 grant. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 EI 1793-6594 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD MAR PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 AR 1450025 DI 10.1142/S0218271814500254 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AB9OI UT WOS:000332123800007 ER PT J AU Stefano, G Renna, L Brandizzi, F AF Stefano, Giovanni Renna, Luciana Brandizzi, Federica TI The endoplasmic reticulum exerts control over organelle streaming during cell expansion SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ER; Cytoplasmic streaming; Arabidopsis thaliana ID CLASS-XI MYOSINS; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; F-ACTIN ORGANIZATION; PLANT-CELLS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GOLGI-APPARATUS; TOBACCO-LEAVES; MOTILITY; ER; MOVEMENTS AB Cytoplasmic streaming is crucial for cell homeostasis and expansion but the precise driving forces are largely unknown. In plants, partial loss of cytoplasmic streaming due to chemical and genetic ablation of myosins supports the existence of yet-unknown motors for organelle movement. Here we tested a role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as propelling force for cytoplasmic streaming during cell expansion. Through quantitative live-cell analyses in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana cells and mutants with compromised ER structure and streaming, we demonstrate that cytoplasmic streaming undergoes profound changes during cell expansion and that it depends on motor forces co-exerted by the ER and the cytoskeleton. C1 [Stefano, Giovanni; Renna, Luciana; Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Brandizzi, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM fb@msu.edu RI STEFANO, GIOVANNI/A-8264-2011 OI STEFANO, GIOVANNI/0000-0002-2744-0052 FU National Science Foundation (Molecular and Cellular Biosciences) [1243792] FX This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (Molecular and Cellular Biosciences) [grant number 1243792 to F.B.]. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 24 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0021-9533 EI 1477-9137 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 127 IS 5 BP 947 EP 953 DI 10.1242/jcs.139907 PG 7 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA AB9LV UT WOS:000332116300004 PM 24424025 ER PT J AU Lehmann, M Ghosh, PM Madison, C Karydas, A Coppola, G O'Neil, JP Huang, YD Miller, BL Jagust, WJ Rabinovici, GD AF Lehmann, Manja Ghosh, Pia M. Madison, Cindee Karydas, Anna Coppola, Giovanni O'Neil, James P. Huang, Yadong Miller, Bruce L. Jagust, William J. Rabinovici, Gil D. TI Greater medial temporal hypometabolism and lower cortical amyloid burden in ApoE4-positive AD patients SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE; PET; AMYLOID; GENETICS ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; APOE EPSILON-4 ALLELE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; GENETIC RISK; ONSET; BETA; GENOTYPE; DEMENTIA; ATROPHY AB Background Apolipoprotein E 4 (ApoE4) has been associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid deposition and hypometabolism. ApoE4 is less prevalent in non-amnestic AD variants suggesting a direct effect on the clinical phenotype. However, the impact of ApoE4 on amyloid burden and glucose metabolism across different clinical AD syndromes is not well understood. We aimed to assess the relationship between amyloid deposition, glucose metabolism and ApoE4 genotype in a clinically heterogeneous population of AD patients. Methods 52 patients with probable AD (National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association) underwent [C-11]Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans. All patients had positive PIB-PET scans. 23 were ApoE4 positive (ApoE4+) (14 heterozygous and 9 homozygous) and 29 were ApoE4 negative (ApoE4-). Groups consisted of language-variant AD, visual-variant AD and AD patients with amnestic and dysexecutive deficits. 52 healthy controls were included for comparison. FDG and PIB uptake was compared between groups on a voxel-wise basis and in regions of interest. Results While PIB patterns were diffuse in both patient groups, ApoE4- patients showed higher PIB uptake than ApoE4+ patients across the cortex. Higher PIB uptake in ApoE4- patients was particularly significant in right lateral frontotemporal regions. In contrast, similar patterns of hypometabolism relative to controls were found in both patient groups, mainly involving lateral temporoparietal cortex, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex and middle frontal gyrus. Comparing patient groups, ApoE4+ subjects showed greater hypometabolism in bilateral medial temporal and right lateral temporal regions, and ApoE4- patients showed greater hypometabolism in cortical areas, including supplementary motor cortex and superior frontal gyrus. Conclusions ApoE4+ AD patients showed lower global amyloid burden and greater medial temporal hypometabolism compared with matched ApoE4- patients. These findings suggest that ApoE4 may increase susceptibility to molecular pathology and modulate the anatomic pattern of neurodegeneration in AD. C1 [Lehmann, Manja; Ghosh, Pia M.; Karydas, Anna; Miller, Bruce L.; Jagust, William J.; Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Memory & Aging Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Lehmann, Manja; Ghosh, Pia M.; Madison, Cindee; Jagust, William J.; Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lehmann, Manja] UCL, Natl Hosp Neurol & Neurosurg, Dementia Res Ctr, London WC1N 3BG, England. [Coppola, Giovanni] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Coppola, Giovanni] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [O'Neil, James P.; Jagust, William J.; Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huang, Yadong] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, San Francisco, CA USA. [Huang, Yadong] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, San Francisco, CA 94140 USA. RP Lehmann, M (reprint author), UCL, Natl Hosp Neurol & Neurosurg, Dementia Res Ctr, Box 16, London WC1N 3BG, England. EM m.lehmann@ucl.ac.uk RI Lehmann, Manja/B-9717-2014 FU Alzheimer's Research UK [ART-TRFUS2011-2]; National Institute on Aging [K23-AG031861, R01-AG027859, P01-AG1972403, P50-AG023501, P01-AG022074]; Alzheimer's Association [NIRG-07-59422, ZEN-08-87090]; John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation; State of California Department of Health Services Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of California [04-33516]; Hellman Family Foundation FX This work was supported by an Alzheimer's Research UK grant ART-TRFUS2011-2 to ML; National Institute on Aging grants K23-AG031861 to GDR, R01-AG027859 to WJJ, P01-AG1972403 and P50-AG023501 to BLM and P01-AG022074 to YH; Alzheimer's Association grants NIRG-07-59422 to GDR and ZEN-08-87090 to WJJ; John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation to GDR; State of California Department of Health Services Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of California grant 04-33516 to BLM; gift from the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation to YH and Hellman Family Foundation to GDR and YH. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0022-3050 EI 1468-330X J9 J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS JI J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry PD MAR PY 2014 VL 85 IS 3 BP 266 EP 273 DI 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305858 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery GA AA7HP UT WOS:000331268600009 PM 23965289 ER PT J AU Barcellos-Hoff, MH Adams, C Balmain, A Costes, SV Demaria, S Illa-Bochaca, I Mao, JH Ouyang, H Sebastiano, C Tang, J AF Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen Adams, Cassandra Balmain, Allan Costes, Sylvain V. Demaria, Sandra Illa-Bochaca, Irineu Mao, Jian Hua Ouyang, Haoxu Sebastiano, Christopher Tang, Jonathan TI Systems biology perspectives on the carcinogenic potential of radiation SO JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Heavy Ions in Therapy and Space Radiation Symposium CY MAY 15-18, 2013 CL Chiba, JAPAN DE ionizing radiation; breast cancer; heavy ion radiation; modeling; initiation; promotion ID INDUCED GENOMIC INSTABILITY; TRACHEAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SKIN TUMOR PROGRESSION; AGENT-BASED MODEL; IONIZING-RADIATION; BREAST-CANCER; MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; GROWTH-FACTOR; STEM-CELLS; MOUSE SKIN AB This review focuses on recent experimental and modeling studies that attempt to define the physiological context in which high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation increases epithelial cancer risk and the efficiency with which it does so. Radiation carcinogenesis is a two-compartment problem: ionizing radiation can alter genomic sequence as a result of damage due to targeted effects (TE) from the interaction of energy and DNA; it can also alter phenotype and multicellular interactions that contribute to cancer by poorly understood non-targeted effects (NTE). Rather than being secondary to DNA damage and mutations that can initiate cancer, radiation NTE create the critical context in which to promote cancer. Systems biology modeling using comprehensive experimental data that integrates different levels of biological organization and time-scales is a means of identifying the key processes underlying the carcinogenic potential of high-LET radiation. We hypothesize that inflammation is a key process, and thus cancer susceptibility will depend on specific genetic predisposition to the type and duration of this response. Systems genetics using novel mouse models can be used to identify such determinants of susceptibility to cancer in radiation sensitive tissues following high-LET radiation. Improved understanding of radiation carcinogenesis achieved by defining the relative contribution of NTE carcinogenic effects and identifying the genetic determinants of the high-LET cancer susceptibility will help reduce uncertainties in radiation risk assessment. C1 [Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen; Illa-Bochaca, Irineu; Ouyang, Haoxu] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Adams, Cassandra; Balmain, Allan] Univ Calif San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Costes, Sylvain V.; Mao, Jian Hua; Tang, Jonathan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Demaria, Sandra; Sebastiano, Christopher] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, 450 East 29th St, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM mhbarcellos-hoff@nyumc.org OI Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen/0000-0002-5994-9558; Demaria, Sandra/0000-0003-4426-0499 NR 108 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0449-3060 EI 1349-9157 J9 J RADIAT RES JI J. Radiat. Res. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 55 SU 1 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.1093/jrr/rrt211 PG 10 WC Biology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA AC4GE UT WOS:000332478300003 ER PT J AU Wu, Y Zhang, YW Fan, FY Luo, HM Hu, PZ Shen, YL AF Wu Yun Zhang Youwen Fan Fuyou Luo Huimin Hu Peizhuo Shen Yinglin TI Synthesis of task-specific ionic liquids with grafted diglycolamide moiety. Complexation and stripping of lanthanides SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Task-specific ionic liquids; Diglycolamide; Solvent extraction; Stripping; Lanthanides ID EXTRACTION; WATER; ACTINIDES; SEPARATION; LIGANDS; METALS; SYSTEM; WASTE AB Task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs) of a novel class, with the diglycolamide moietity grafted in the alkyl chain of imidazolium cation, were synthesized and characterized. Lanthanide complexation capabilities of TSILs as active components of solid phase extractants were evaluated by studies on the adsorption of lanthanides from aqueous solutions. The TSIL-based solid adsorbents prepared by immobilization of long-alkyl-chain TSILs in siliceous mesostructured cellular foams adsorb trivalent lanthanides. No extraction of lanthanides from aqueous solution into 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([C(6)mim][Nf(2)T]) was observed at any acidity in the presence of these TSILs in the aqueous phase. This implies that TSILs suppress the extraction of lanthanides by formation of water-soluble complexes. The TSILs added to solvent extraction systems consisting of N, N, N ', N '-tetraoctyl-3-oxapentanediamide (TODGA) in [C(6)mim][Nf(2)T] and aqueous HNO3 solutions show very good stripping properties for lanthanides. C1 [Wu Yun] Northwest Univ Nationalities, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Zhang Youwen; Fan Fuyou; Hu Peizhuo; Shen Yinglin] Lanzhou Univ, Radiochem Lab, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Luo Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shen, YL (reprint author), Lanzhou Univ, Radiochem Lab, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. EM shenyl@lzu.edu.cn FU Basic Energy Science Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-0096OR22725]; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20090211120026]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This research was supported by the Basic Energy Science Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC05-0096OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle and by the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20090211120026). NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 57 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 299 IS 3 BP 1213 EP 1218 DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2878-z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB8IU UT WOS:000332034400009 ER PT J AU Stanley, FE Spencer, KJ Schwartz, DS Watrous, MG Delmore, JE AF Stanley, F. E. Spencer, K. J. Schwartz, D. S. Watrous, M. G. Delmore, J. E. TI Investigating enhanced thorium ionization in TIMS using Re/Pt porous ion emitters SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Porous ion emitter; Nuclear forensics; Thermal ionization mass spectrometry; Thorium ID EFFICIENCY; URANIUM AB Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) is a widely used, benchmark method in actinide isotopic analyses efforts relevant to various nuclear and geological fields. Despite significant previous use and inherent advantages, however, poor sample ionization continues to hamper the use of TIMS in the measurement of trace species; actinide ionization efficiencies frequently fall below 0.1 % using traditional instrument sources. These low efficiencies seriously limit the ability to measure several highly refractory metals (e. g. U and Th) that may provide key signatures data in non-proliferation, safeguards and forensics efforts. Herein, a relatively new TIMS ion source strategy, employing porous ion emitters (PIEs) atop traditional filament assemblies, is investigated for the first time as a straightforward means of enhancing the ionization of Th, arguably a worst case scenario for TIMS-based actinide measurements. These sources yielded up to 410 % greater Th sample utilization, relative to previously published values and in-house measurements collected using traditional methods. Accompanying scanning electron microscopy investigations provide preliminary insight into the mechanisms of PIE functioning and explore the impacts of extended heating on the constructed source's structure and composition. C1 [Stanley, F. E.; Spencer, K. J.; Schwartz, D. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Watrous, M. G.; Delmore, J. E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Stanley, FE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM floyd@lanl.gov FU US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program; US Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for portions of this work. Additional support was provided by the US Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development. This manuscript reviewed and approved under LA-UR-1325890. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 299 IS 3 BP 1447 EP 1452 DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2813-3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB8IU UT WOS:000332034400040 ER PT J AU Meyers, LA Glover, SE LaMont, SP Stalcup, AM Spitz, HB AF Meyers, Lisa A. Glover, Samuel E. LaMont, Stephen P. Stalcup, Apryll M. Spitz, Henry B. TI Radiological chronometry of uranium metal samples SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nuclear forensics; Uranium metal; Age dating; Etching procedures; MC-ICP-MS ID SPECTROMETRY; FOSSIL; AGE AB Radiological chronometry is an important tool in nuclear forensics that uses several methods to determine the length of time that has elapsed since a material was last purified. One of the chronometers used in determining the age of metallic uranium involves measuring the fractional ingrowth of Th-230 from its parent U-234 with the assumption that the uranium metal contained no impurities, especially thorium, when it was purified. The affects of different etching procedures were evaluated for the removal of surface oxidation with three different types of uranium metal samples to determine whether the etching procedure affects the radiological age. The sample treated with a rigorous etching procedure had exhibited the most reliable radiological age while less rigorous etching yields a radiological age from 15 years to hundreds of years older than the known age. Any excess thorium on the surface of a uranium metal sample presents a bias in age determination and the sample will appear older than the true age. Although this research demonstrates the need for rigorous surface etching, a bias in the radiological age could have arisen if the uranium in the metal was heterogeneously distributed. C1 [Meyers, Lisa A.; Stalcup, Apryll M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Glover, Samuel E.; Spitz, Henry B.] Univ Cincinnati, Nucl & Radiol Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [LaMont, Stephen P.] US DOE, Nucl Mat Informat Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Meyers, LA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, 404 Crosley Tower, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM meyersls@mail.uc.edu; henry.spitz@uc.edu RI Stalcup, A. M./E-9386-2013 OI Stalcup, A. M./0000-0003-1537-0437 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [2012-DN-130- NF0001-02]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Ross Williams from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for his expertise and assistance with this research. The authors would also like to thank the U.S. Department of Energy's Nuclear Materials Information Program for funding this Project. This work was part performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This research was part based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number, 2012-DN-130- NF0001-02. This research was part performed under the Nuclear Forensics Graduate Fellowship Program, which is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and the U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 299 IS 3 BP 1833 EP 1837 DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2880-5 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB8IU UT WOS:000332034400086 ER PT J AU Delegard, CH Sinkov, SI Chenault, JW Schmidt, AJ Welsh, TL Pool, KN AF Delegard, C. H. Sinkov, S. I. Chenault, J. W. Schmidt, A. J. Welsh, T. L. Pool, K. N. TI Determination of uranium metal concentration in irradiated fuel storage basin sludge using selective dissolution SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Uranium metal; Uranium oxides; Nuclear fuel storage basin sludge; Phosphoric acid ID ACID AB Irradiated uranium metal fuel was stored underwater in the K East and K West storage basins at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site. The uranium metal under damaged cladding reacted with water to generate hydrogen gas, uranium oxides, and spalled uranium metal particles which intermingled with other particulates to form sludge. While the fuel has been removed, uranium metal in the sludge remains hazardous. An expeditious routine method to analyze 0.03 wt% uranium metal in the presence of >30 wt% total uranium was needed to support safe sludge management and processing. A selective dissolution method was designed based on the rapid uranium oxide dissolution but very low uranium metal corrosion rates in hot concentrated phosphoric acid. The uranium metal-bearing heel from the phosphoric acid step then is rinsed before the uranium metal is dissolved in hot concentrated nitric acid for analysis. Technical underpinnings of the selective dissolution method, including the influence of sludge components, were investigated to design the steps and define the reagents, quantities, concentrations, temperatures, and times within the selective dissolution analysis. Tests with simulant sludge proved the technique feasible. Tests with genuine sludge showed a 0.0028 +/- 0.0037 wt% (at one standard deviation) uranium metal analytical background, a 0.011 wt% detection limit, and a 0.030 wt% quantitation limit in settled (wet) sludge. In tests using genuine K Basin sludge spiked with uranium metal at concentrations above the 0.030 wt% +/- 25 % (relative) quantitation limit, uranium metal recoveries averaged 99.5 % with a relative standard deviation of 3.5 %. C1 [Delegard, C. H.; Sinkov, S. I.; Chenault, J. W.; Schmidt, A. J.; Pool, K. N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Welsh, T. L.] Miss Support Alliance, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Delegard, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM calvin.delegard@pnnl.gov OI Delegard, Calvin/0000-0001-6503-9502 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 299 IS 3 BP 1871 EP 1882 DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2884-1 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB8IU UT WOS:000332034400091 ER PT J AU Maxwell, SL Culligan, BK Hutchison, JB AF Maxwell, Sherrod L. Culligan, Brian K. Hutchison, Jay B. TI Rapid determination of actinides in asphalt samples SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Rapid analysis; Plutonium; Actinides; Asphalt; Soil; Emergency ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ALPHA-SPECTROMETRY; SOIL SAMPLES; PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES; SEPARATION; (NP)-N-237; AMERICIUM; CONCRETE; URANIUM AB A new rapid method for the determination of actinides in asphalt samples has been developed that can be used in emergency response situations or for routine analysis. If a radiological dispersive device, improvised nuclear device or a nuclear accident such as the accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March, 2011 occurs, there will be an urgent need for rapid analyses of many different environmental matrices, including asphalt materials, to support dose mitigation and environmental clean-up. The new method for the determination of actinides in asphalt utilizes a rapid furnace step to destroy bitumen and organics present in the asphalt and sodium hydroxide fusion to digest the remaining sample. Sample preconcentration steps are used to collect the actinides and a new stacked TRU Resin + DGA Resin column method is employed to separate the actinide isotopes in the asphalt samples. The TRU Resin plus DGA Resin separation approach, which allows sequential separation of plutonium, uranium, americium and curium isotopes in asphalt samples, can be applied to soil samples as well. C1 [Maxwell, Sherrod L.; Culligan, Brian K.; Hutchison, Jay B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Maxwell, SL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 735-B, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM sherrod.maxwell@srs.gov FU Department of Energy, DOE [DE-AC09-96SR18500] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the Department of Energy, DOE Contract No. DE-AC09-96SR18500. The authors wish to acknowledge Staci Britt, Jack Herrington and Becky Chavous for their assistance with this work. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 299 IS 3 BP 1891 EP 1901 DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2885-0 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB8IU UT WOS:000332034400093 ER PT J AU Wang, EX Avramov-Zamurovic, S Watkins, RJ Nelson, C Malek-Madani, R AF Wang, Eric X. Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana Watkins, Richard J. Nelson, Charles Malek-Madani, Reza TI Probability density function estimation of laser light scintillation via Bayesian mixtures SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID IRRADIANCE FLUCTUATIONS; TURBULENT ATMOSPHERE; INTENSITY; DISTRIBUTIONS; STATISTICS; INFERENCE; MODELS; PATH AB A method for probability density function (PDF) estimation using Bayesian mixtures of weighted gamma distributions, called the Dirichlet process gamma mixture model (DP-GaMM), is presented and applied to the analysis of a laser beam in turbulence. The problem is cast in a Bayesian setting, with the mixture model itself treated as random process. A stick-breaking interpretation of the Dirichlet process is employed as the prior distribution over the random mixture model. The number and underlying parameters of the gamma distribution mixture components as well as the associated mixture weights are learned directly from the data during model inference. A hybrid Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs sampling parameter inference algorithm is developed and presented in its entirety. Results on several sets of controlled data are shown, and comparisons of PDF estimation fidelity are conducted with favorable results. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America C1 [Wang, Eric X.; Malek-Madani, Reza] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Math, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Watkins, Richard J.] US Naval Acad, Mech Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Nelson, Charles] US Naval Acad, Elect Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wang, EX (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Math, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wang73@llnl.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 EI 1520-8532 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 31 IS 3 BP 580 EP 590 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.31.000580 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA AC1AS UT WOS:000332227200017 PM 24690656 ER PT J AU Yamayoshi, S Yamada, S Fukuyama, S Murakami, S Zhao, DM Uraki, R Watanabe, T Tomita, Y Macken, C Neumann, G Kawaoka, Y AF Yamayoshi, Seiya Yamada, Shinya Fukuyama, Satoshi Murakami, Shin Zhao, Dongming Uraki, Ryuta Watanabe, Tokiko Tomita, Yuriko Macken, Catherine Neumann, Gabriele Kawaoka, Yoshihiro TI Virulence-Affecting Amino Acid Changes in the PA Protein of H7N9 Influenza A Viruses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN TRANSMISSIBILITY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HUMAN INFECTIONS; MOLECULAR-BASIS; RNA-POLYMERASE; H5N1; FERRETS; HUMANS; HOST; REPLICATION AB Novel avian-origin influenza A(H7N9) viruses were first reported to infect humans in March 2013. To date, 143 human cases, including 45 deaths, have been recorded. By using sequence comparisons and phylogenetic and ancestral inference analyses, we identified several distinct amino acids in the A(H7N9) polymerase PA protein, some of which may be mammalian adapting. Mutant viruses possessing some of these amino acid changes, singly or in combination, were assessed for their polymerase activities and growth kinetics in mammalian and avian cells and for their virulence in mice. We identified several mutants that were slightly more virulent in mice than the wild-type A(H7N9) virus, A/Anhui/1/2013. These mutants also exhibited increased polymerase activity in human cells but not in avian cells. Our findings indicate that the PA protein of A(H7N9) viruses has several amino acid substitutions that are attenuating in mammals. C1 [Yamayoshi, Seiya; Yamada, Shinya; Uraki, Ryuta; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Tokyo, Japan. [Fukuyama, Satoshi; Zhao, Dongming; Watanabe, Tokiko; Tomita, Yuriko; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, ERATO Infect Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama, Japan. [Murakami, Shin; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Special Pathogens, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis,Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan. [Macken, Catherine] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Neumann, Gabriele; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Tokyo, Japan. EM kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu RI Yamayoshi, Seiya/C-1982-2013 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan; Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan; ERATO (Japan Science and Technology Agency); NIAID-funded Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis [HHSN266200700010C] FX This study was supported by the Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Diseases from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, by grants-in-aid from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan, by ERATO (Japan Science and Technology Agency), and by a NIAID-funded Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis grant (HHSN266200700010C). NR 36 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 88 IS 6 BP 3127 EP 3134 DI 10.1128/JVI.03155-13 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA AB9PA UT WOS:000332126000007 PM 24371069 ER PT J AU Hong, L Dhupia, JS Sheng, SW AF Hong, Liu Dhupia, Jaspreet Singh Sheng, Shuangwen TI An explanation of frequency features enabling detection of faults in equally spaced planetary gearbox SO MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY LA English DT Article DE Planetary gear set; Modulation; Gear fault; Diagnosis ID DYNAMIC-BEHAVIOR; VIBRATION; DEMODULATION; DEFECT; PHASE; MODEL; SETS; BAND AB Equally spaced planetary gearboxes are important power-train components for varied engineering systems. Their failures can result in significant capital losses and pose safety concerns. The vibration measurements perceived by a sensor mounted on the gearbox housing can provide valuable diagnostic information without normal gearbox operation interference. However, such vibration based monitoring techniques are difficult to implement in planetary gearboxes because of the complex nature of measured vibration spectra that is a result of planets revolving with respect to the stationary sensors mounted on the gearbox housing. Previous research with simulations and experiments using such measurements has reported distinct sideband patterns in the resulting vibration spectra, which differ significantly from the spectra of a normal fixed-axis/parallel gear pair system. In this paper, Fourier series analysis is used to explain these distinct sideband patterns that contain rich diagnostic information. The results obtained are useful to understand the cause of the observed vibration behavior in both healthy and faulty planetary gearboxes and identify the locations of additional frequency components introduced by the damaged gear in a complex measured vibration spectrum. Thus, the formulation presented in this paper can assist in developing robust feature extraction algorithms for early detection of planetary gearbox failures. The theoretical derivations presented in this paper are validated by both dynamic simulations and experiments on a dynamometer test bed using a 750 kW gearbox damaged during its operation while installed in a wind turbine. The predicted frequencies for observed faults in the annulus and sun gears of the gearbox are vividly presented in the experimentally measured frequency spectrum. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hong, Liu; Dhupia, Jaspreet Singh] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Sheng, Shuangwen] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dhupia, JS (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Div Mechatron & Design, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore. EM djaspreet@ntu.edu.sg RI Dhupia, Jaspreet /A-3818-2011; Hong, Liu/P-4922-2016; OI Dhupia, Jaspreet /0000-0001-7181-1917; Hong, Liu/0000-0003-3760-1259; sheng, shuangwen/0000-0003-0134-0907 FU Ministry of Education, Singapore [RG11/09]; U.S. Department of Energy; NREL FX The authors are pleased to acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Education, Singapore (grant number: RG11/09). The authors also thank the U.S. Department of Energy and the NREL Gearbox Reliability Collaborative project partners for their support to this work. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 49 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-114X J9 MECH MACH THEORY JI Mech. Mach. Theory PD MAR PY 2014 VL 73 BP 169 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2013.10.014 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA AC3FA UT WOS:000332399300012 ER PT J AU Deng, Y Olson, DG Zhou, JL Herring, CD Shaw, AJ Lynd, LR AF Deng, Yu Olson, Daniel G. Zhou, Jilai Herring, Christopher D. Shaw, A. Joe Lynd, Lee R. TI Redirecting carbon flux through exogenous pyruvate kinase to achieve high ethanol yields in Clostridium thermocellum (vol 15, pg 151, 2013) SO METABOLIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Correction C1 [Deng, Yu; Olson, Daniel G.; Zhou, Jilai; Herring, Christopher D.; Lynd, Lee R.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Herring, Christopher D.; Lynd, Lee R.] Mascoma Corp, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Deng, Yu; Olson, Daniel G.; Zhou, Jilai; Herring, Christopher D.; Lynd, Lee R.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Shaw, A. Joe] Novogy Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lynd, LR (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn Dartmouth, Engn Dr,8000 Cummings Hall, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Lee.Lynd@Dartmouth.edu RI Olson, Daniel/F-2058-2011 OI Olson, Daniel/0000-0001-5393-6302 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7176 EI 1096-7184 J9 METAB ENG JI Metab. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 22 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.ymben.2013.11.006 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AC3KG UT WOS:000332416200001 ER PT J AU Tsapatsaris, N Kolesov, BA Fischer, J Boldyreva, EV Daemen, L Eckert, J Bordallo, HN AF Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos Kolesov, Boris A. Fischer, Jennifer Boldyreva, Elena V. Daemen, Luke Eckert, Juergen Bordallo, Heloisa N. TI Polymorphism of Paracetamol: A New Understanding of Molecular Flexibility through Local Methyl Dynamics SO MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE molecular drugs; polymorphism; inelastic neutron scattering; methyl rotation; hydrogen bonding; DFT calculations ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; INTERMOLECULAR HYDROGEN-BONDS; P-HYDROXYACETANILIDE; VARIABLE-TEMPERATURE; ORTHORHOMBIC POLYMORPH; N-METHYLACETAMIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MONOCLINIC FORM; HIGH-RESOLUTION; LINE-SHAPES AB This study focuses on the interplay of molecular flexibility and hydrogen bonding manifested in the monoclinic (form I) and orthorhombic (form II) polymorphs of paracetamol. By means of incoherent inelastic neutron scattering and density functional theory calculations, the relaxation processes related to the methyl side-group reorientation were analyzed in detail. Our computational study demonstrates the importance of considering quantum effects to explain how methyl reorientations and subtle conformational changes of the molecule are intertwined. Indeed, by analyzing the quasi elastic signal of the neutron data, we were able to show a unique and complex motional flexibility in form II, reflected by a coupling between the methyl and the phenyl reorientation. This is associated with a higher energy barrier of the methyl rotation and a lower Gibbs free energy when compared to form I. We put forward the idea that correlating solubility and molecular flexibility, through the relation between pK(a) and methyl rotation activation energy, might bring new insights to understanding and predicting drug bioavailability. C1 [Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos; Bordallo, Heloisa N.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Kolesov, Boris A.] Inst Inorgan Chem SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Kolesov, Boris A.; Boldyreva, Elena V.] REC 008 Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Fischer, Jennifer] Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Boldyreva, Elena V.] Inst Solid State Chem & Mechanochem SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630128, Russia. [Daemen, Luke; Eckert, Juergen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Eckert, Juergen] Univ S Florida, Dept Chem, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Bordallo, Heloisa N.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Tsapatsaris, N (reprint author), European Spallat Source ESS AB, POB 176, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM nikolaos.tsapatsaris@esss.se; bordallo@nbi.ku.dk RI Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos/C-7443-2014; Bordallo, Heloisa/I-6836-2012; OI Bordallo, Heloisa/0000-0003-0750-0553; Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos/0000-0003-0226-8345; Boldyreva, Elena/0000-0002-1401-2438 FU Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Russian Ministry of Science and Education [14.B37.21.1093] FX H.N.B. and N.T. acknowledge the support of the Helmholtz-Center Berlin (Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, HZB) for providing some of the neutron research facilities used in this work. This work has also benefited from the use of the Manuel Lujan, Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory and funding from the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. E.V.B. acknowledges the Russian Academy of Sciences and the financial support provided by the Russian Ministry of Science and Education (project 14.B37.21.1093). J.E. thanks the Physics and Chemistry of Materials Group (T-1) at LANL for making computing resources available. Last, N.T. thanks Andrew Jackson, Paul Henry, Esko Oksanen, and Hanna Wacklin at the European Spa Ration Source for many fruitful discussions. NR 56 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1543-8384 J9 MOL PHARMACEUT JI Mol. Pharm. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1032 EP 1041 DI 10.1021/mp400707m PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AC2QI UT WOS:000332348600036 PM 24506163 ER PT J AU Sutter, PM Lavaux, G Wandelt, BD Weinberg, DH Warren, MS AF Sutter, P. M. Lavaux, Guilhem Wandelt, Benjamin D. Weinberg, David H. Warren, Michael S. TI The dark matter of galaxy voids SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE large-scale structure of Universe ID OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; COSMIC VOIDS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES; DATA RELEASE; SIMULATIONS; SPACE; EVOLUTION AB How do observed voids relate to the underlying dark matter distribution? To examine the spatial distribution of dark matter contained within voids identified in galaxy surveys, we apply Halo Occupation Distribution models representing sparsely and densely sampled galaxy surveys to a high-resolution N-body simulation. We compare these galaxy voids to voids found in the halo distribution, low-resolution dark matter and high-resolution dark matter. We find that voids at all scales in densely sampled surveys - and medium- to large-scale voids in sparse surveys - trace the same underdensities as dark matter, but they are larger in radius by similar to 20 per cent, they have somewhat shallower density profiles and they have centres offset by similar to 0.4R(v) rms. However, in void-to-void comparison we find that shape estimators are less robust to sampling, and the largest voids in sparsely sampled surveys suffer fragmentation at their edges. We find that voids in galaxy surveys always correspond to underdensities in the dark matter, though the centres may be offset. When this offset is taken into account, we recover almost identical radial density profiles between galaxies and dark matter. All mock catalogues used in this work are available at http://www.cosmicvoids.net. C1 [Sutter, P. M.; Lavaux, Guilhem; Wandelt, Benjamin D.] Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Sutter, P. M.; Lavaux, Guilhem; Wandelt, Benjamin D.] CNRS, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Sutter, P. M.; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Sutter, P. M.; Wandelt, Benjamin D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lavaux, Guilhem] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Lavaux, Guilhem] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Lavaux, Guilhem] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Wandelt, Benjamin D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Warren, Michael S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sutter, PM (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. EM psutter2@illinois.edu OI WANDELT, Benjamin/0000-0002-5854-8269; Lavaux, Guilhem/0000-0003-0143-8891 FU NSF [AST-0908902, AST-0708849, AST-1009505]; ANR Chaire d'Excellence; UPMC Chaire Internationale in Theoretical Cosmology; CITA National Fellowship; Government of Canada; Government of Canada through Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation FX The authors would like to thank Nico Hamaus for useful comments. PMS and BDW acknowledge support from NSF Grant AST-0908902. BDW acknowledges funding from an ANR Chaire d'Excellence, the UPMC Chaire Internationale in Theoretical Cosmology, and NSF grants AST-0908902 and AST-0708849. GL acknowledges support from CITA National Fellowship and financial support from the Government of Canada Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. DW acknowledges support from NSF Grant AST-1009505. NR 52 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 438 IS 4 BP 3177 EP 3187 DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2425 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AB8KD UT WOS:000332038000035 ER PT J AU Santer, BD Bonfils, C Painter, JF Zelinka, MD Mears, C Solomon, S Schmidt, GA Fyfe, JC Cole, JNS Nazarenko, L Taylor, KE Wentz, FJ AF Santer, Benjamin D. Bonfils, Celine Painter, Jeffrey F. Zelinka, Mark D. Mears, Carl Solomon, Susan Schmidt, Gavin A. Fyfe, John C. Cole, Jason N. S. Nazarenko, Larissa Taylor, Karl E. Wentz, Frank J. TI Volcanic contribution to decadal changes in tropospheric temperature SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE; TRENDS; MODEL AB Despite continued growth in atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases, global mean surface and tropospheric temperatures have shown slower warming since 1998 than previously(1-5). Possible explanations for the slow-down include internal climate variability(3,4,6,7), external cooling influences(1,2,4,8-11) and observational errors(12,13). Several recent modelling studies have examined the contribution of early twenty-first-century volcanic eruptions(1,2,4,8) to the muted surface warming. Here we present a detailed analysis of the impact of recent volcanic forcing on tropospheric temperature, based on observations as well as climate model simulations. We identify statistically significant correlations between observations of stratospheric aerosol optical depth and satellite-based estimates of both tropospheric temperature and short-wave fluxes at the top of the atmosphere. We show that climate model simulations without the effects of early twenty-first-century volcanic eruptions overestimate the tropospheric warming observed since 1998. In two simulations with more realistic volcanic influences following the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, differences between simulated and observed tropospheric temperature trends over the period 1998 to 2012 are up to 15% smaller, with large uncertainties in the magnitude of the effect. To reduce these uncertainties, better observations of eruption-specific properties of volcanic aerosols are needed, as well as improved representation of these eruption-specific properties in climate model simulations. C1 [Santer, Benjamin D.; Bonfils, Celine; Painter, Jeffrey F.; Zelinka, Mark D.; Taylor, Karl E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Mears, Carl; Wentz, Frank J.] Remote Sensing Syst, Santa Rosa, CA 95401 USA. [Solomon, Susan] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmidt, Gavin A.; Nazarenko, Larissa] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Fyfe, John C.; Cole, Jason N. S.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. RP Santer, BD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM santer1@llnl.gov RI Schmidt, Gavin/D-4427-2012; Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011; Zelinka, Mark/C-4627-2011; OI Schmidt, Gavin/0000-0002-2258-0486; Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135; Zelinka, Mark/0000-0002-6570-5445; Cole, Jason/0000-0003-0450-2748 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE/OBER Early Career Research Program Award [SCW1295] FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modelling groups for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the US Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) provides coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. J-P. Vernier (NASA Langley) and M. Sato (GISS) supplied updated SAOD data. T. M. L. Wigley (University of Adelaide), N. Gillett (Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis), A. Robock (Rutgers University), K. Trenberth (National Center for Atmospheric Research) and S. F. B. Tett (University of Edinburgh) provided helpful comments. At PCMDI, work by B. D. S., J.P., M.Z. and K. E. T. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344; C. B. was supported by the DOE/OBER Early Career Research Program Award SCW1295. NR 28 TC 105 Z9 113 U1 14 U2 108 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 EI 1752-0908 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 BP 185 EP 189 DI 10.1038/NGEO2098 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AB9DB UT WOS:000332088800011 ER PT J AU Davies, PK Guiton, BS AF Davies, Peter K. Guiton, Beth S. TI Nanoscale phase separation in perovskites revisited Reply SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Letter ID OXIDES C1 [Davies, Peter K.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Guiton, Beth S.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Guiton, Beth S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Davies, PK (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM davies@seas.upenn.edu NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 217 EP 218 DI 10.1038/nmat3866 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA AB7BV UT WOS:000331945200003 PM 24553640 ER PT J AU Leone, SR McCurdy, CW Burgdoerfer, J Cederbaum, LS Chang, Z Dudovich, N Feist, J Greene, CH Ivanov, M Kienberger, R Keller, U Kling, MF Loh, ZH Pfeifer, T Pfeiffer, AN Santra, R Schafer, K Stolow, A Thumm, U Vrakking, MJJ AF Leone, Stephen R. McCurdy, C. William Burgdoerfer, Joachim Cederbaum, Lorenz S. Chang, Zenghu Dudovich, Nirit Feist, Johannes Greene, Chris H. Ivanov, Misha Kienberger, Reinhard Keller, Ursula Kling, Matthias F. Loh, Zhi-Heng Pfeifer, Thomas Pfeiffer, Adrian N. Santra, Robin Schafer, Kenneth Stolow, Albert Thumm, Uwe Vrakking, Marc J. J. TI What will it take to observe processes in 'real time'? SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON CORRELATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; MOLECULES; PHYSICS C1 [Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leone, Stephen R.; McCurdy, C. William; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ultrafast Xray Sci Lab, Div Chem Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McCurdy, C. William] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Burgdoerfer, Joachim] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Cederbaum, Lorenz S.] Heidelberg Univ, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Chang, Zenghu] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Chang, Zenghu] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Dudovich, Nirit] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Phys & Complex Syst, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Feist, Johannes] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Greene, Chris H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ivanov, Misha; Vrakking, Marc J. J.] Max Born Inst, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Ivanov, Misha] Humboldt Univ, Dept Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Ivanov, Misha] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Kienberger, Reinhard; Kling, Matthias F.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Kienberger, Reinhard] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Keller, Ursula] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Kling, Matthias F.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Loh, Zhi-Heng] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Chem & Biol Chem, S-637371 Singapore, Singapore. [Loh, Zhi-Heng] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Phys & Appl Phys, Sch Phys & Math Sci, S-637371 Singapore, Singapore. [Pfeifer, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Pfeifer, Thomas] Heidelberg Univ, Ctr Quantum Dynam, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantum Elect, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Santra, Robin] DESY, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Santra, Robin] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. [Schafer, Kenneth] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Stolow, Albert] Univ Ottawa, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Stolow, Albert] Queens Univ, Dept Chem, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Stolow, Albert] Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Stolow, Albert] Natl Res Council Canada, Emerging Technol Div, SDT, Ottawa, ON K1A OR6, Canada. [Thumm, Uwe] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srl@berkeley.edu RI Schafer, Katrin/P-4728-2015; Pfeiffer, Adrian/J-7671-2016; Keller, Ursula/N-2437-2016; Loh, Zhi-Heng/B-6952-2011; Santra, Robin/E-8332-2014; Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011; Feist, Johannes/J-7394-2012 OI Keller, Ursula/0000-0002-1689-8041; Loh, Zhi-Heng/0000-0001-9729-9632; Santra, Robin/0000-0002-1442-9815; Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385; Feist, Johannes/0000-0002-7972-0646 NR 25 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 8 U2 170 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 EI 1749-4893 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 162 EP 166 DI 10.1038/nphoton.2014.48 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA AC0YJ UT WOS:000332221100002 ER PT J AU Blok, MS Bonato, C Markham, ML Twitchen, DJ Dobrovitski, VV Hanson, R AF Blok, M. S. Bonato, C. Markham, M. L. Twitchen, D. J. Dobrovitski, V. V. Hanson, R. TI Manipulating a qubit through the backaction of sequential partial measurements and real-time feedback SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM FEEDBACK; ENTANGLEMENT; SPINS AB Quantum measurements not only extract information from a system but also alter its state. Although the outcome of the measurement is probabilistic, the backaction imparted on the measured system is accurately described by quantum theory(1-3). Therefore, quantum measurements can be exploited for manipulating quantum systems without the need for control fields(4-6). We demonstrate measurement-only state manipulation on a nuclear spin qubit in diamond by adaptive partial measurements. We implement the partial measurement via tunable correlation with an electron ancilla qubit and subsequent ancilla readout(7,8). We vary the measurement strength to observe controlled wavefunction collapse and find post-selected quantum weak values(8-10). By combining a novel quantum non-demolition readout on the ancilla with real-time adaptation of the measurement strength we realize steering of the nuclear spin to a target state by measurements alone. Besides being of fundamental interest, adaptive measurements can improve metrology applications(11-13) and are key to measurement-based quantum computing(14,15). C1 [Blok, M. S.; Bonato, C.; Hanson, R.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. [Markham, M. L.; Twitchen, D. J.] Element Six Ltd, Ascot SL5 8BP, Berks, England. [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hanson, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, POB 5046, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. EM r.hanson@tudelft.nl RI Hanson, Ronald/B-9555-2008; OI Bonato, Cristian/0000-0003-1550-8483 FU Dutch Organization for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM); DARPA QuASAR programme; EU DIAMANT programme; EU S3NANO programme; European Research Council; US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences [DE AC02 07CH11358] FX We thank L. DiCarlo, G. De Lange and L. Vandersypen for helpful discussions and comments, and R. N. Schouten and M. J. Tiggelman for technical assistance. We acknowledge support from the Dutch Organization for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), the DARPA QuASAR programme, the EU DIAMANT and S3NANO programmes and the European Research Council through a Starting Grant. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences under contract no. DE AC02 07CH11358. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2881 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC0LK UT WOS:000332185900013 ER PT J AU Analytis, JG Kuo, HH McDonald, RD Wartenbe, M Rourke, PMC Hussey, NE Fisher, IR AF Analytis, James G. Kuo, H-H. McDonald, Ross D. Wartenbe, Mark Rourke, P. M. C. Hussey, N. E. Fisher, I. R. TI Transport near a quantum critical point in BaFe2(As1-xPx)(2) SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KADOWAKI-WOODS RATIO; FERMI-LIQUID; RESISTIVITY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; METALS AB The physics of quantum critical phase transitions connects to some of the most difficult problems in condensed matter physics, including metal-insulator transitions, frustrated magnetism and high-temperature superconductivity. Near a quantum critical point, a new kind of metal emerges, the thermodynamic and transport properties of which do not fit into the unified phenomenology for conventional metals-the Landau Fermi-liquid theory-characterized by a low-temperature limiting T-linear specific heat and a T-2 resistivity(1). Studying the evolution of the temperature dependence of these observables as a function of a control parameter leads to the identification of both the presence and the nature of the quantum phase transition in candidate systems. In this study we measure the transport properties of BaFe2(As1-xPx)(2) below the critical temperature T-c by suppressing superconductivity with high magnetic fields. At sufficiently low temperatures, the resistivity of all compositions (x >= 0.31) crosses over from a linear to a quadratic temperature dependence, consistent with a low-temperature Fermi-liquid ground state. As compositions with optimal T-c are approached from the overdoped side, this crossover becomes steeper, consistent with models of quantum criticality where the effective Fermi temperature T-F goes to zero. C1 [Analytis, James G.; Kuo, H-H.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Analytis, James G.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Analytis, James G.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Analytis, James G.; Wartenbe, Mark] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Analytis, James G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kuo, H-H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McDonald, Ross D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Rourke, P. M. C.; Hussey, N. E.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Hussey, N. E.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, High Field Magnet Lab, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Analytis, JG (reprint author), Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM analytis@berkeley.edu RI Hussey, Nigel/F-9699-2015; OI Rourke, Patrick/0000-0001-7875-9592 FU US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award; EPSRC (UK) [EP/K016709/1]; NSF/DMR [1157490]; US DOE BES-'Science of 100 tesla' FX H-H.K., J.G.A. and I.R.F. acknowledge support of the US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. J.G.A. would like to thank the NHMFL Visiting Scientist Program for valuable support while this data was taken. N.E.H. acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award and funding from the EPSRC (UK) grant EP/K016709/1. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory is supported through NSF/DMR 1157490. R.D.M. acknowledges US DOE BES-'Science of 100 tesla'. NR 25 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 9 U2 74 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 194 EP 197 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2869 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC0LK UT WOS:000332185900014 ER PT J AU Loarte, A Huijsmans, G Futatani, S Baylor, LR Evans, TE Orlov, DM Schmitz, O Becoulet, M Cahyna, P Gribov, Y Kavin, A Naik, AS Campbell, DJ Casper, T Daly, E Frerichs, H Kischner, A Laengner, R Lisgo, S Pitts, RA Saibene, G Wingen, A AF Loarte, A. Huijsmans, G. Futatani, S. Baylor, L. R. Evans, T. E. Orlov, D. M. Schmitz, O. Becoulet, M. Cahyna, P. Gribov, Y. Kavin, A. Naik, A. Sashala Campbell, D. J. Casper, T. Daly, E. Frerichs, H. Kischner, A. Laengner, R. Lisgo, S. Pitts, R. A. Saibene, G. Wingen, A. TI Progress on the application of ELM control schemes to ITER scenarios from the non-active phase to DT operation SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE ELM (edge localized mode); ITER; ELM control; pellet pacing; RMP (resonant magnetic perturbation) ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; DIII-D TOKAMAK; PARTICLE LOSSES; ASDEX UPGRADE; H-MODE; I ELMS; ENERGY; DEVICES; DESIGN AB Progress in the definition of the requirements for edge localized mode (ELM) control and the application of ELM control methods both for high fusion performance DT operation and non-active low-current operation in ITER is described. Evaluation of the power fluxes for low plasma current H-modes in ITER shows that uncontrolled ELMs will not lead to damage to the tungsten (W) divertor target, unlike for high-current H-modes in which divertor damage by uncontrolled ELMs is expected. Despite the lack of divertor damage at lower currents, ELM control is found to be required in ITER under these conditions to prevent an excessive contamination of the plasma by W, which could eventually lead to an increased disruptivity. Modelling with the non-linear MHD code JOREK of the physics processes determining the flow of energy from the confined plasma onto the plasma-facing components during ELMs at the ITER scale shows that the relative contribution of conductive and convective losses is intrinsically linked to the magnitude of the ELM energy loss. Modelling of the triggering of ELMs by pellet injection for DIII-D and ITER has identified the minimum pellet size required to trigger ELMs and, from this, the required fuel throughput for the application of this technique to ITER is evaluated and shown to be compatible with the installed fuelling and tritium re-processing capabilities in ITER. The evaluation of the capabilities of the ELM control coil system in ITER for ELM suppression is carried out (in the vacuum approximation) and found to have a factor of similar to 2 margin in terms of coil current to achieve its design criterion, although such a margin could be substantially reduced when plasma shielding effects are taken into account. The consequences for the spatial distribution of the power fluxes at the divertor of ELM control by three-dimensional (3D) fields are evaluated and found to lead to substantial toroidal asymmetries in zones of the divertor target away from the separatrix. Therefore, specifications for the rotation of the 3D perturbation applied for ELM control in order to avoid excessive localized erosion of the ITER divertor target are derived. It is shown that a rotation frequency in excess of 1Hz for the whole toroidally asymmetric divertor power flux pattern is required (corresponding to n Hz frequency in the variation of currents in the coils, where n is the toroidal symmetry of the perturbation applied) in order to avoid unacceptable thermal cycling of the divertor target for the highest power fluxes and worst toroidal power flux asymmetries expected. The possible use of the in-vessel vertical stability coils for ELM control as a back-up to the main ELM control systems in ITER is described and the feasibility of its application to control ELMs in low plasma current H-modes, foreseen for initial ITER operation, is evaluated and found to be viable for plasma currents up to 5-10MA depending on modelling assumptions. C1 [Loarte, A.; Huijsmans, G.; Futatani, S.; Gribov, Y.; Naik, A. Sashala; Campbell, D. J.; Casper, T.; Daly, E.; Lisgo, S.; Pitts, R. A.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Baylor, L. R.; Wingen, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Evans, T. E.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Orlov, D. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Schmitz, O.; Frerichs, H.; Kischner, A.; Laengner, R.] Assoc EURATOM FZJ, Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52428 Julich, Germany. [Becoulet, M.] CEA IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Cahyna, P.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Plasma Phys, Assoc EURATOM IPP CR, Vvi, Prague 18200 8, Czech Republic. [Kavin, A.] Efremov Res Inst, St Petersburg 196641, Russia. [Saibene, G.] Fus Energy Joint Undertaking, Barcelona 08019, Spain. RP Loarte, A (reprint author), ITER Org, Route Vinon Verdon, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM alberto.loarte@iter.org RI Cahyna, Pavel/G-9116-2014; Orlov, Dmitriy/D-2406-2016; OI Orlov, Dmitriy/0000-0002-2230-457X; Wingen, Andreas/0000-0001-8855-1349; Kirschner, Andreas/0000-0002-3213-3225; Futatani, Shimpei/0000-0001-5742-5454 NR 64 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 14 U2 64 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 AR 033007 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033007 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB8EL UT WOS:000332022800008 ER PT J AU Ma, JF Xu, XQ Dudson, BD AF Ma, J. F. Xu, X. Q. Dudson, B. D. TI Linear peeling-ballooning mode simulations in snowflake-like divertor configuration using BOUT plus plus code SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE tokamaks; snowflake divertor; peeling-ballooning mode; plasma simulation ID EDGE PLASMA; PEDESTAL; CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAK; STABILITY AB We present linear characteristics of peeling-ballooning (P-B) modes in the pedestal region of DIII-D tokamak with snowflake (SF) plus divertor configuration using edge two-fluid code BOUT++. A set of reduced magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations is found to simulate the linear P-B mode in both snowflake plus and standard (STD) single-null divertor configurations. Further analysis shows that the implementation of snowflake geometry changes the local magnetic shear in the pedestal region, which leads to different linear behaviours of the P-B mode in STD and SF divertor configuration. Primary linear simulation results are the following. (1) The growth rate of the coupled P-B mode in SF-plus divertor geometry is larger than that in STD divertor geometry. (2) The global linear mode structures are more radially extended yet less poloidally extended in SF-plus divertor geometry, especially for moderate and high toroidal mode numbers. (3) The current-gradient drive (the kink term) dominates the P-B mode for low n, while the pressure gradient drive (ballooning) dominates for n > 25. In addition, constraints on poloidal field and central solenoid coils for snowflake geometry are briefly discussed based on conclusions in this paper. C1 [Ma, J. F.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ma, J. F.; Xu, X. Q.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dudson, B. D.] Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Ma, JF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. OI Dudson, Benjamin/0000-0002-0094-4867 FU US DoE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA-27344]; IFS [DE-FG02-04ER-54742, LLNL-JRNL-645112] FX The authors wish to thank Drs D. Ryutov, F. Waelbroeck and M. Fenstermacher for useful discussions. The authors also wish to thank Drs M. Umansky and L. Lodestro for providing snowflake-like equilibria using CORSICA. This work was performed under the auspices of the US DoE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA-27344 and by IFS under Contract DE-FG02-04ER-54742. LLNL-JRNL-645112. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 AR 033011 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033011 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB8EL UT WOS:000332022800012 ER PT J AU Mayoral, ML Bobkov, V Czarnecka, A Day, I Ekedahl, A Jacquet, P Goniche, M King, R Kirov, K Lerche, E Mailloux, J Van Eester, D Asunta, O Challis, C Ciric, D Coenen, JW Colas, L Giroud, C Graham, M Jenkins, I Joffrin, E Jones, T King, D Kiptily, V Klepper, CC Maggi, C Maggiora, R Marcotte, F Matthews, G Milanesio, D Monakhov, I Nightingale, M Neu, R Ongena, J Putterich, T Riccardo, V Rimini, F Strachan, J Surrey, E Thompson, V Van Rooij, G AF Mayoral, M. -L. Bobkov, V. Czarnecka, A. Day, I. Ekedahl, A. Jacquet, P. Goniche, M. King, R. Kirov, K. Lerche, E. Mailloux, J. Van Eester, D. Asunta, O. Challis, C. Ciric, D. Coenen, J. W. Colas, L. Giroud, C. Graham, M. Jenkins, I. Joffrin, E. Jones, T. King, D. Kiptily, V. Klepper, C. C. Maggi, C. Maggiora, R. Marcotte, F. Matthews, G. Milanesio, D. Monakhov, I. Nightingale, M. Neu, R. Ongena, J. Puetterich, T. Riccardo, V. Rimini, F. Strachan, J. Surrey, E. Thompson, V. Van Rooij, G. CA JET EFDA Contributors TI On the challenge of plasma heating with the JET metallic wall SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE JET; ILW; plasma heating; NBI; ICRF; LHCD ID ITER-LIKE WALL; ICRF; EDGE; CONFINEMENT; PERFORMANCE; TRANSPORT; TUNGSTEN; PROJECT AB The major aspects linked to the use of the JET auxiliary heating systems: NBI, ICRF and LHCD, in the new JET ITER-like wall are presented. We show that although there were issues related to the operation of each system, efficient and safe plasma heating was obtained with room for higher power. For the NBI up to 25.7 MW was safely injected; issues that had to be tackled were mainly the beam shine-through and beam re-ionization before its entrance into the plasma. For the ICRF system, 5 MW were coupled in L-mode and 4 MW in H-mode; the main areas of concern were RF sheaths related heat loads and impurities production. For the LH, 2.5 MW were delivered without problems; arcing and generation of fast electron beams in front of the launcher that can lead to high heat loads were the keys issues. For each system, an overview will be given of: the main modifications implemented for safe use, their compatibility with the new metallic wall, the differences in behaviour compared with the previous carbon wall, with emphasis on heat loads and impurity content in the plasma. C1 JET EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Mayoral, M. -L.; Day, I.; Jacquet, P.; King, R.; Kirov, K.; Mailloux, J.; Challis, C.; Ciric, D.; Giroud, C.; Graham, M.; Jenkins, I.; Jones, T.; King, D.; Kiptily, V.; Matthews, G.; Monakhov, I.; Nightingale, M.; Riccardo, V.; Rimini, F.; Surrey, E.; Thompson, V.] Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Mayoral, M. -L.; Neu, R.] EFDA Close Support Unit, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bobkov, V.; Maggi, C.; Neu, R.; Puetterich, T.] EURATOM Assoziat, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Czarnecka, A.] Assoc Euratom IPPLM, PL-01497 Warsaw, Poland. [Goniche, M.; Colas, L.; Joffrin, E.] CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Van Eester, D.] Assoc EURATOM Belgian State Lab Plasma Phys, Koninklijke Mil Sch, Ecole Royale Mil, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Asunta, O.] Assoc EURATOM Tekes, VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland. [Coenen, J. W.] EURATOM, Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy Res Plasma Phys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Klepper, C. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Marcotte, F.] Ecole Natl Ponts & Chaussees, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France. [Milanesio, D.] Assoc EURATOM ENEA Fus, Politecn Torino, Turin, Italy. [Strachan, J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Van Rooij, G.] FOM Inst DIFFER, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. RP Mayoral, ML (reprint author), Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EM marie-line.mayoral@efda.org RI Putterich, Thomas/A-6962-2012; Coenen, Jan Willem/K-7802-2013; Neu, Rudolf /B-4438-2010 OI riccardo, valeria/0000-0003-2535-5257; Putterich, Thomas/0000-0002-8487-4973; Coenen, Jan Willem/0000-0002-8579-908X; Neu, Rudolf /0000-0002-6062-1955 FU European Communities FX This work, part-funded by the European Communities under the contract of Association between EURATOM/CCFE, was carried out within the framework of the European Fusion Development Agreement. For further information on the contents of this paper please contact publications-officer@jet.efda.org. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. This work was also part-funded by the RCUK Energy Programme under grant EP/I501045. To obtain further information on the data and models underlying this paper please contact PublicationsManager@ccfe.ac.uk. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 AR 033002 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033002 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB8EL UT WOS:000332022800003 ER PT J AU Raffray, AR Calcagno, B Chappuis, P Fu, Z Furmanek, A Chen, JM Kim, DH Khomiakov, S Labusov, A Martin, A Merola, M Mitteau, R Sadakov, S Ulrickson, M Zacchia, F AF Raffray, A. R. Calcagno, B. Chappuis, P. Fu, Zhang Furmanek, A. Chen Jiming Kim, D-H. Khomiakov, S. Labusov, A. Martin, A. Merola, M. Mitteau, R. Sadakov, S. Ulrickson, M. Zacchia, F. CA Blanket Integrated Prod Team TI The ITER blanket system design challenge SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE blanket; first wall; ITER; plasma-facing components; electro-magnetic loads; nuclear shielding ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; THERMAL RESPONSE; 1ST WALL; TRANSIENTS; RACLETTE; MODEL AB This paper summarizes the latest progress in the ITER blanket system design as it proceeds through its final design phase with the Final Design Review planned for Spring 2013. The blanket design is constrained by demanding and sometime conflicting design and interface requirements from the plasma and systems such as the vacuum vessel, in-vessel coils and blanket manifolds. This represents a major design challenge, which is highlighted in this paper with examples of design solutions to accommodate some of the key interface and integration requirements. C1 [Raffray, A. R.; Calcagno, B.; Chappuis, P.; Fu, Zhang; Furmanek, A.; Martin, A.; Merola, M.; Mitteau, R.; Sadakov, S.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Chen Jiming] China ITER Domest Agcy, Southwestern Inst Phys, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Kim, D-H.] ITER Korea, Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon 305806, South Korea. [Khomiakov, S.] NA Dollezhal Res & Dev Inst Power Engn NIKIET, Moscow 107140, Russia. [Labusov, A.] Efremov Inst, St Petersburg 196641, Russia. [Ulrickson, M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Zacchia, F.] Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, ITER Dept, Fus Energy, Barcelona 08019, Spain. RP Raffray, AR (reprint author), ITER Org, Route Vinon Verdon, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM rene.raffray@iter.org NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 AR 033004 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033004 PG 18 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB8EL UT WOS:000332022800005 ER PT J AU Shiraki, D La Haye, RJ Logan, NC Strait, EJ Volpe, FA AF Shiraki, D. La Haye, R. J. Logan, N. C. Strait, E. J. Volpe, F. A. TI Error field detection in DIII-D by magnetic steering of locked modes SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article DE tokamak; error field; locked mode ID D TOKAMAK; D PLASMAS; BETA; ITER AB Optimal correction coil currents for the n = 1 intrinsic error field of the DIII-D tokamak are inferred by applying a rotating external magnetic perturbation to steer the phase of a saturated locked mode with poloidal/toroidal mode number m/n = 2/1. The error field is detected non-disruptively in a single discharge, based on the toroidal torque balance of the resonant surface, which is assumed to be dominated by the balance of resonant electromagnetic torques. This is equivalent to the island being locked at all times to the resonant 2/1 component of the total of the applied and intrinsic error fields, such that the deviation of the locked mode phase from the applied field phase depends on the existing error field. The optimal set of correction coil currents is determined to be those currents which best cancels the torque from the error field, based on fitting of the torque balance model. The toroidal electromagnetic torques are calculated from experimental data using a simplified approach incorporating realistic DIII-D geometry, and including the effect of the plasma response on island torque balance based on the ideal plasma response to external fields. This method of error field detection is demonstrated in DIII-D discharges, and the results are compared with those based on the onset of low-density locked modes in ohmic plasmas. This magnetic steering technique presents an efficient approach to error field detection and is a promising method for ITER, particularly during initial operation when the lack of auxiliary heating systems makes established techniques based on rotation or plasma amplification unsuitable. C1 [Shiraki, D.; Volpe, F. A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [La Haye, R. J.; Strait, E. J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Logan, N. C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Shiraki, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shirakid@fusion.gat.com RI Volpe, Francesco/D-2994-2009 OI Volpe, Francesco/0000-0002-7193-7090 FU US Department of Energy [DE-SC0008520, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX The authors thank A.M. Garofalo and H. Reimerdes, who collected part of the data analysed in this manuscript. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under DE-SC0008520, DE-FC02-04ER54698 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 54 IS 3 AR 033006 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033006 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB8EL UT WOS:000332022800007 ER PT J AU Pomerantz, AE Bake, KD Craddock, PR Kurzenhauser, KW Kodalen, BG Mitra-Kirtley, S Bolin, TB AF Pomerantz, Andrew E. Bake, Kyle D. Craddock, Paul R. Kurzenhauser, Kurt W. Kodalen, Brian G. Mitra-Kirtley, Sudipa Bolin, Trudy B. TI Sulfur speciation in kerogen and bitumen from gas and oil shales SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; LASER MASS-SPECTROMETRY; X-RAY; PETROLEUM FORMATION; XANES SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC SULFUR; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; ASPHALTENES; FORMS AB The chemical and physical structure of immobile organic matter partially controls both the thermal evolution of organic rich shales and hydrocarbon production from these unconventional fossil fuel resources. This organic matter is typically classified into two fractions: kerogen, which is defined as insoluble in organic solvent and bitumen, which is defined as soluble. Kerogen and bitumen are complex materials that are not yet completely characterized and often considered to be compositionally similar except for molecular weight. Here we present a novel method for measuring sulfur speciation in kerogen and we report measured sulfur speciations of kerogen and bitumen from three shales. We observe a general trend of dissimilarity between kerogen and bitumen, with kerogen being dominated by non-polar sulfur forms (such as elemental, sulfide and thiophene) while bitumen is more abundant in polar sulfur forms (sulfoxide). We propose that this difference in sulfur speciation results from a mechanism involving oxidation of non-polar sulfur forms in kerogen during bitumen generation. Additionally, the measured chemical composition of bitumen suggests that it could act as a naturally occurring surfactant, impacting fluid flow and therefore the feasibility of economic hydrocarbon recovery from shales. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pomerantz, Andrew E.; Bake, Kyle D.; Craddock, Paul R.; Kurzenhauser, Kurt W.] Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. [Kodalen, Brian G.; Mitra-Kirtley, Sudipa] Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA. [Bolin, Trudy B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pomerantz, AE (reprint author), Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. EM apomerantz@slb.com OI Craddock, Paul/0000-0003-4702-0204 NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 BP 5 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.12.011 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AC3GI UT WOS:000332403900002 ER PT J AU Petrik, DL Karlen, SD Cass, CL Padmakshan, D Lu, FC Liu, S Le Bris, P Antelme, S Santoro, N Wilkerson, CG Sibout, R Lapierre, C Ralph, J Sedbrook, JC AF Petrik, Deborah L. Karlen, Steven D. Cass, Cynthia L. Padmakshan, Dharshana Lu, Fachuang Liu, Sarah Le Bris, Philippe Antelme, Sebastien Santoro, Nicholas Wilkerson, Curtis G. Sibout, Richard Lapierre, Catherine Ralph, John Sedbrook, John C. TI p-Coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) acts specifically in the lignin biosynthetic pathway in Brachypodium distachyon SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NMR; Brachypodium distachyon; DFRC method; lignin; BAHD acyltransferase; thioacidolysis; biomass; lignin acylation; grass ID STATE 2D NMR; DFRC METHOD; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; COUPLING REACTIONS; SINAPYL ACETATE; LIGNIFICATION; ACYLTRANSFERASE; EXPRESSION AB Grass lignins contain substantial amounts of p-coumarate (pCA) that acylate the side-chains of the phenylpropanoid polymer backbone. An acyltransferase, named p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (OsPMT), that could acylate monolignols with pCA in vitro was recently identified from rice. In planta, such monolignol-pCA conjugates become incorporated into lignin via oxidative radical coupling, thereby generating the observed pCA appendages; however p-coumarates also acylate arabinoxylans in grasses. To test the authenticity of PMT as a lignin biosynthetic pathway enzyme, we examined Brachypodium distachyon plants with altered BdPMT gene function. Using newly developed cell wall analytical methods, we determined that the transferase was involved specifically in monolignol acylation. A sodium azide-generated Bdpmt-1 missense mutant had no (<0.5%) residual pCA on lignin, and BdPMT RNAi plants had levels as low as 10% of wild-type, whereas the amounts of pCA acylating arabinosyl units on arabinoxylans in these PMT mutant plants remained unchanged. pCA acylation of lignin from BdPMT-overexpressing plants was found to be more than three-fold higher than that of wild-type, but again the level on arabinosyl units remained unchanged. Taken together, these data are consistent with a defined role for grass PMT genes in encoding BAHD (BEAT, AHCT, HCBT, and DAT) acyltransferases that specifically acylate monolignols with pCA and produce monolignol p-coumarate conjugates that are used for lignification in planta. C1 [Petrik, Deborah L.; Cass, Cynthia L.; Sedbrook, John C.] Illinois State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61790 USA. [Petrik, Deborah L.; Cass, Cynthia L.; Sedbrook, John C.] Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Karlen, Steven D.; Padmakshan, Dharshana; Lu, Fachuang; Liu, Sarah; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Biochem,Dept Energy, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Le Bris, Philippe; Antelme, Sebastien; Sibout, Richard; Lapierre, Catherine] INRA, IJPB, UMR1318, F-78000 Versailles, France. [Le Bris, Philippe; Antelme, Sebastien; Sibout, Richard; Lapierre, Catherine] AgroParisTech, IJPB, Saclay Plant Sci, UMR1318, F-78000 Versailles, France. [Santoro, Nicholas] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wilkerson, Curtis G.] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dept Plant Biol,Dept Energy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Sedbrook, JC (reprint author), Illinois State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61790 USA. EM jcsedbr@ilstu.edu FU Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX We thank Frederic Legee for performing the Klason lignin analyses, Cliff Foster for performing thioacidolysis analyses, Hoon Kim for his help with gel-NMR methods, Nick Thrower for help processing RNA-Seq datasets, and Stephen Lutgen, Heather Welch, and Michael Krzyskowski for prepping tissue samples. We thank Marek Mutwil and Staffan Persson for providing access to AraNet Brachypodium co-expression tools before their publication. This work was supported by the Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science grant no. DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 59 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 11 U2 88 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 77 IS 5 BP 713 EP 726 DI 10.1111/tpj.12420 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AB5SJ UT WOS:000331848700005 PM 24372757 ER PT J AU Kharzeev, DE AF Kharzeev, Dmitri E. TI The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Chiral anomaly; Chiral magnetic effect ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARITY-VIOLATING CURRENTS; ROTATING BLACK-HOLES; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; FIELD-THEORY; GAUGE-THEORIES; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; THERMAL-RADIATION AB The Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is the phenomenon of electric charge separation along the external magnetic field that is induced by the chirality imbalance. The CME is a macroscopic quantum effect - it is a manifestation of the chiral anomaly creating a collective motion in Dirac sea. Because the chirality imbalance is related to the global topology of gauge fields, the CME current is topologically protected and hence non-dissipative even in the presence of strong interactions. As a result, the CME and related quantum phenomena affect the hydrodynamical and transport behavior of systems possessing chiral fermions, from the quark-gluon plasma to chiral materials. The goal of the present review is to provide an elementary introduction into the main ideas underlying the physics of CME, a historical perspective, and a guide to the rapidly growing literature on this topic. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kharzeev, DE (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM dmitri.kharzeev@stonybrook.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG-88ER40388, DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX I am grateful to my collaborators G. Basar, G. Dunne, A. Efremov, K. Fukushima, T. Kalaydzhyan, E. Levin, F. Loshaj, L. McLerran, R. Pisarski, M. Polikarpov, D. Son, M. Tytgat, R. Venugopalan, H. Warringa, H.-U. Yee, I. Zahed and A. Zhitnitsky for sharing their insights with me, and to A. Abanov, M. Chernodub, A. Gorsky, U. Gursoy, K. Jensen, T.D. Lee, L Levitov, R. Loganayagam, A. Mazeliauskas, V. Miransky, Y. Oz, K. Rajagopal, O. Ruchayskiy, J. Sandweiss, I. Shovkovy, E. Shuryak, M. Stephanov, O. Teryaev, M. Unsal, A. Vilenkin, S. Voloshin, F. Wilczek, Y. Yin, and V. Zakharov for stimulating discussions. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts DE-FG-88ER40388 and DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 212 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 8 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0146-6410 EI 1873-2224 J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS JI Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 75 BP 133 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.ppnp.2014.01.002 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC2RC UT WOS:000332350600004 ER PT J AU Bhatia, SR AF Bhatia, Surita R. TI A LIFE SCIENTIST'S GUIDE TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SO QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Bhatia, Surita R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bhatia, Surita R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bhatia, SR (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Bhatia, Surita/B-4536-2008 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0033-5770 EI 1539-7718 J9 Q REV BIOL JI Q. Rev. Biol. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 1 BP 50 EP 50 DI 10.1086/675002 PG 1 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AA7SH UT WOS:000331296700014 ER PT J AU Krishna, KS Tarakeshwar, P Mujica, V Kumar, CSSR AF Krishna, Katla Sai Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty Mujica, Vladimiro Kumar, Challa S. S. R. TI Chemically Induced Magnetism in Atomically Precise Gold Clusters SO SMALL LA English DT Article DE Atomically-precise gold clusters; magnetism; surface magnetism; SQUID; DFT calculations ID STABILIZED AU-38 CLUSTERS; PERMANENT MAGNETISM; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; CAPPED GOLD; NANOPARTICLES; NANOCLUSTERS; BEHAVIOR; AU C1 [Krishna, Katla Sai; Kumar, Challa S. S. R.] Louisiana State Univ, CAMD, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA. [Krishna, Katla Sai; Kumar, Challa S. S. R.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Atom Level Catalyst Design, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty; Mujica, Vladimiro] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Mujica, Vladimiro] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Mujica, Vladimiro] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kumar, CSSR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, CAMD, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA. EM ckumar1@lsu.edu RI Katla, Sai Krishna/F-8145-2010; Tarakeshwar, P./B-6609-2008 OI Tarakeshwar, P./0000-0002-0893-0670 FU Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design (CALC-D), an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-SC0001058]; Louisiana Board of Regents [LEQSF (2008-10)-ENH-TR-07]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001058] FX This research is supported as part of the Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design (CALC-D), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001058. We also thank the Louisiana Board of Regents for an equipment grant (LEQSF (2008-10)-ENH-TR-07) to purchase the SQUID magnetometer. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 62 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 EI 1613-6829 J9 SMALL JI Small PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 IS 5 BP 907 EP 911 DI 10.1002/smll.201302393 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AC2PF UT WOS:000332343400011 PM 24150895 ER PT J AU Jarmer, GJS Flynn, EB Todd, MD AF Jarmer, Gregory J. S. Flynn, Eric B. Todd, Michael D. TI Multi-wave-mode, multi-frequency detectors for guided wave interrogation of plate structures SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Guided ultrasonic waves; Lamb waves; generalized likelihood ratio test; detection theory; plate structures AB The detection and localization of damage using an array of closely spaced transducers is investigated theoretically and experimentally using single- and multiple-mode guided wave active sensing models. Detectors are derived using a generalized likelihood ratio approach assuming that amplitude, absolute phase, and source location of a scattered wave are unknown, while frequency, group velocity, and phase velocity are known. Theoretical detection performance for processing with each detector is derived and related to the energy-to-noise ratio of a scattered mode as a metric of determining when processing with multiple modes provides increased performance over processing with a single mode. Experimentally, detectors are implemented to detect scattering from a small mass glued to the surface of an aluminum plate with a 7 x 7 array of transducers. Relative detection and localization performance is compared through receiver operating characteristic curves and histograms of distance from true damage location for 1000 no-damage and damaged measurements. A single-mode, multi-frequency detector is shown to have the best detection and localization performance for the tested damage scenarios. C1 [Jarmer, Gregory J. S.; Todd, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Flynn, Eric B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Todd, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, 8500 Gilman Dr 0085, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM mdtodd@ucsd.edu OI Flynn, Eric/0000-0003-0965-7052 FU Agency for Defense Development of the Korean Government [UD120027JD]; National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea [2011-0030065]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology FX This study was performed under a research grant (No. UD120027JD) supported by the Agency for Defense Development of the Korean Government, and this article was also supported by Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program (2011-0030065) of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1475-9217 EI 1741-3168 J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT JI Struct. Health Monit. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 2 BP 120 EP 130 DI 10.1177/1475921713513972 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA AB1JJ UT WOS:000331547100002 ER PT J AU Jeong, Y Johnson, K Fleming, P AF Jeong, Yunho Johnson, Kathryn Fleming, Paul TI Comparison and testing of power reserve control strategies for grid-connected wind turbines SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE wind turbine control; power reserve; wind turbine grid integration ID FREQUENCY REGULATION AB The stability of the electrical grid depends on enough generators being able to provide appropriate responses to sudden losses in generation capacity, increases in power demand or similar events. Within the United States, wind turbines largely do not provide such generation support, which has been acceptable because the penetration of wind energy into the grid has been relatively low. However, frequency support capabilities may need to be built into future generations of wind turbines to enable high penetration levels over approximately 20%. In this paper, we describe control strategies that can enable power reserve by leaving some wind energy uncaptured. Our focus is on the control strategies used by an operating turbine, where the turbine is asked to track a power reference signal supplied by the wind farm operator. We compare the strategies in terms of their control performance as well as their effects on the turbine itself, such as the possibility for increased loads on turbine components. It is assumed that the wind farm operator has access to the necessary grid information to generate the power reference provided to the turbine, and we do not simulate the electrical interaction between the turbine and the utility grid. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Jeong, Yunho; Johnson, Kathryn] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Fleming, Paul] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Jeong, Y (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Div Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM yunho3600@gmail.com OI Fleming, Paul/0000-0001-8249-2544 FU NREL through the Alliance for Sustainable Energy [UGA-0-41025-04] FX The authors thank the NREL through the Alliance for Sustainable Energy (Authorization No. UGA-0-41025-04) for funding this research. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1095-4244 EI 1099-1824 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 343 EP 358 DI 10.1002/we.1578 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AA7GK UT WOS:000331265400001 ER PT J AU Simley, E Pao, LY Frehlich, R Jonkman, B Kelley, N AF Simley, Eric Pao, Lucy Y. Frehlich, Rod Jonkman, Bonnie Kelley, Neil TI *Analysis of light detection and ranging wind speed measurements for wind turbine control SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE LIDAR; wind turbine control; feedforward control ID TURBULENCE AB Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems are able to measure the speed of incoming wind before it reaches a wind turbine rotor. These preview wind measurements can be used in feedforward control systems designed to reduce turbine structural loads. However, the degree to which such preview-based control techniques can reduce loads by reacting to turbulence depends on how accurately the incoming wind field can be measured. This study examines the accuracy of different measurement scenarios that rely on coherent continuous-wave or pulsed Doppler LIDAR systems, in terms of root-mean-square measurement error, to determine their applicability to feedforward control. In particular, the impacts of measurement range, angular offset of the LIDAR beam from the wind direction, and measurement noise are studied for various wind conditions. A realistic simulation case involving a scanning LIDAR unit mounted in the spinner of a MW-scale wind turbine is studied in depth, with emphasis on preview distances that provide minimum measurement error for a specific scan radius. Measurement error is analyzed for LIDAR-based estimates of point wind speeds at the rotor as well as spanwise averaged blade effective wind speeds. The impact of turbulence structures with high coherent turbulent kinetic energy on measurement error is discussed as well. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Simley, Eric; Pao, Lucy Y.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Frehlich, Rod] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jonkman, Bonnie; Kelley, Neil] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Pao, LY (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM pao@colorado.edu FU US National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Richard & Joy Dorf Professorship FX This work was supported in part by the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory and a Richard & Joy Dorf Professorship. Additional industrial support is also greatly appreciated. The authors thank Alan Wright, Fiona Dunne, and Jason Laks for discussions on desired characteristics of wind speed measurement devices that can enable preview-based control methods for wind turbines. The ZephIR data was provided by Michael Harris of Natural Power Consultants as part of a study with Riso DTU (Technical University of Denmark) National Laboratory. Nikolas Angelou processed the ZephIR data to determine radial velocity. Riso DTU conducted the Tjaereborg spinner LIDAR experiment in 2009 with Torben Mikkelsen as principal investigator in collaboration with Natural Power (UK) as part of the Danish national infrastructure for wind energy research (www.windscanner.dk). NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1095-4244 EI 1099-1824 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 413 EP 433 DI 10.1002/we.1584 PG 21 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AA7GK UT WOS:000331265400005 ER PT J AU Ito, J Herter, T Baidoo, EEK Lao, JM Vega-Saanchez, ME Smith-Moritz, AM Adams, PD Keasling, JD Usadel, B Petzold, CJ Heazlewood, JL AF Ito, Jun Herter, Thomas Baidoo, Edward E. K. Lao, Jeemeng Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E. Smith-Moritz, A. Michelle Adams, Paul D. Keasling, Jay D. Usadel, Bjoern Petzold, Christopher J. Heazlewood, Joshua L. TI Analysis of plant nucleotide sugars by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nucleotide sugars; Plant cell walls; Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography; Arabidopsis; Rice; Selected reaction monitoring ID CELL-WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; O-GLYCOSYLATION; L-ARABINOSE; ARABIDOPSIS; INTERCONVERSION; SEPARATION; CLONING; GROWTH; MUTANT AB Understanding the intricate metabolic processes involved in plant cell wall biosynthesis is limited by difficulties in performing sensitive quantification of many involved compounds. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography is a useful technique for the analysis of hydrophilic metabolites from complex biological extracts and forms the basis of this method to quantify plant cell wall precursors. A zwitterionic silica-based stationary phase has been used to separate hydrophilic nucleotide sugars involved in cell wall biosynthesis from milligram amounts of leaf tissue. A tandem mass spectrometry operating in selected reaction monitoring mode was used to quantify nucleotide sugars. This method was highly repeatable and quantified 12 nucleotide sugars at low femtomole quantities, with linear responses up to four orders of magnitude to several 100 pmol. The method was also successfully applied to the analysis of purified leaf extracts from two model plant species with variations in their cell wall sugar compositions and indicated significant differences in the levels of 6 out of 12 nucleotide sugars. The plant nucleotide sugar extraction procedure was demonstrated to have good recovery rates with minimal matrix effects. The approach results in a significant improvement in sensitivity when applied to plant samples over currently employed techniques. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ito, Jun; Herter, Thomas; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; Lao, Jeemeng; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Smith-Moritz, A. Michelle; Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.; Petzold, Christopher J.; Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ito, Jun; Herter, Thomas; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; Lao, Jeemeng; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Smith-Moritz, A. Michelle; Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.; Petzold, Christopher J.; Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Herter, Thomas; Usadel, Bjoern] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Usadel, Bjoern] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Biol 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Usadel, Bjoern] Forschungszentrum Julich, IBG Plant Sci 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Heazlewood, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, One Cyclotron Rd MS978-4466, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jlheazlewood@lbl.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Usadel, Bjorn/E-1932-2011; Heazlewood, Joshua/A-2554-2008; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Heazlewood, Joshua/0000-0002-2080-3826; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF-RCN [0090281] FX This work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The substrates UDP-xylose, UDP-arabinopyranose, and UDP-galacturonic acid were obtained from Carbosource Services (Athens, GA) which is supported in part by NSF-RCN Grant 0090281. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 26 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 448 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2013.11.026 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AB3GE UT WOS:000331678500003 PM 24299991 ER PT J AU Xu, T Li, YC Van Nostrand, JD He, ZL Zhou, JZ AF Xu, Tao Li, Yongchao Van Nostrand, Joy D. He, Zhili Zhou, Jizhong TI Cas9-Based Tools for Targeted Genome Editing and Transcriptional Control SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS; SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC CONTROL; RNA-GUIDED ENDONUCLEASE; ONE-STEP GENERATION; STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-CELLS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY AB Development of tools for targeted genome editing and regulation of gene expression has significantly expanded our ability to elucidate the mechanisms of interesting biological phenomena and to engineer desirable biological systems. Recent rapid progress in the study of a clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein system in bacteria has facilitated the development of newly facile and programmable platforms for genome editing and transcriptional control in a sequence-specific manner. The core RNA-guided Cas9 endonuclease in the type II CRISPR system has been harnessed to realize gene mutation and DNA deletion and insertion, as well as transcriptional activation and repression, with multiplex targeting ability, just by customizing 20-nucleotide RNA components. Here we describe the molecular basis of the type II CRISPR/Cas system and summarize applications and factors affecting its utilization in model organisms. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Cas9-based tools in comparison with widely used customizable tools, such as Zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases. C1 [Xu, Tao; Li, Yongchao; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Xu, Tao; Li, Yongchao; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016 OI Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450 FU NSF EPSCoR [EPS 0814361] FX This work was supported by the NSF EPSCoR award EPS 0814361. NR 71 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 8 U2 73 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1544 EP 1552 DI 10.1128/AEM.03786-13 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB2MH UT WOS:000331626300001 PM 24389925 ER PT J AU Xing, Y Li, A Felker, DL Burggraf, LW AF Xing, Yun Li, Alex Felker, Daniel L. Burggraf, Larry W. TI Nanoscale Structural and Mechanical Analysis of Bacillus anthracis Spores Inactivated with Rapid Dry Heating SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SUBTILIS VAR NIGER; THERMAL INACTIVATION; BACTERIAL-SPORES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-PRESSURE; WET HEAT; AIR-FLOW; GERMINATION; RESISTANCE AB Effective killing of Bacillus anthracis spores is of paramount importance to antibioterrorism, food safety, environmental protection, and the medical device industry. Thus, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of spore resistance and inactivation is highly desired for developing new strategies or improving the known methods for spore destruction. Previous studies have shown that spore inactivation mechanisms differ considerably depending upon the killing agents, such as heat (wet heat, dry heat), UV, ionizing radiation, and chemicals. It is believed that wet heat kills spores by inactivating critical enzymes, while dry heat kills spores by damaging their DNA. Many studies have focused on the biochemical aspects of spore inactivation by dry heat; few have investigated structural damages and changes in spore mechanical properties. In this study, we have inactivated Bacillus anthracis spores with rapid dry heating and performed nanoscale topographical and mechanical analysis of inactivated spores using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results revealed significant changes in spore morphology and nanomechanical properties after heat inactivation. In addition, we also found that these changes were different under different heating conditions that produced similar inactivation probabilities (high temperature for short exposure time versus low temperature for long exposure time). We attributed the differences to the differential thermal and mechanical stresses in the spore. The buildup of internal thermal and mechanical stresses may become prominent only in ultrafast, high-temperature heat inactivation when the experimental timescale is too short for heat-generated vapor to efficiently escape from the spore. Our results thus provide direct, visual evidences of the importance of thermal stresses and heat and mass transfer to spore inactivation by very rapid dry heating. C1 [Xing, Yun; Li, Alex; Burggraf, Larry W.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Xing, Yun] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Felker, Daniel L.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, Dayton, OH USA. RP Xing, Y (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM yun.xing@afit.edu; alex.li@afit.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency through a program managed by Suhithi Peiris. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1739 EP 1749 DI 10.1128/AEM.03483-13 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB2MH UT WOS:000331626300025 PM 24375142 ER PT J AU Luo, CW Rodriguez-R, LM Johnston, ER Wu, LY Cheng, L Xue, K Tu, QC Deng, Y He, ZL Shi, JZ Yuan, MM Sherry, RA Li, DJ Luo, YQ Schuur, EAG Chain, P Tiedje, JM Zhou, JZ Konstantinidis, KT AF Luo, Chengwei Rodriguez-R, Luis M. Johnston, Eric R. Wu, Liyou Cheng, Lei Xue, Kai Tu, Qichao Deng, Ye He, Zhili Shi, Jason Zhou Yuan, Mengting Maggie Sherry, Rebecca A. Li, Dejun Luo, Yiqi Schuur, Edward A. G. Chain, Patrick Tiedje, James M. Zhou, Jizhong Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T. TI Soil Microbial Community Responses to a Decade of Warming as Revealed by Comparative Metagenomics SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RNA GENE DATABASE; DIVERGENCE; CARBON; ECOSYSTEM; PROJECT; DNA; RESPIRATION; PROKARYOTES; ADAPTATION; DIVERSITY AB Soil microbial communities are extremely complex, being composed of thousands of low-abundance species (<0.1% of total). How such complex communities respond to natural or human-induced fluctuations, including major perturbations such as global climate change, remains poorly understood, severely limiting our predictive ability for soil ecosystem functioning and resilience. In this study, we compared 12 whole-community shotgun metagenomic data sets from a grassland soil in the Midwestern United States, half representing soil that had undergone infrared warming by 2 degrees C for 10 years, which simulated the effects of climate change, and the other half representing the adjacent soil that received no warming and thus, served as controls. Our analyses revealed that the heated communities showed significant shifts in composition and predicted metabolism, and these shifts were community wide as opposed to being attributable to a few taxa. Key metabolic pathways related to carbon turnover, such as cellulose degradation (similar to 13%) and CO2 production (similar to 10%), and to nitrogen cycling, including denitrification (similar to 12%), were enriched under warming, which was consistent with independent physicochemical measurements. These community shifts were interlinked, in part, with higher primary productivity of the aboveground plant communities stimulated by warming, revealing that most of the additional, plant-derived soil carbon was likely respired by microbial activity. Warming also enriched for a higher abundance of sporulation genes and genomes with higher G+C content. Collectively, our results indicate that microbial communities of temperate grassland soils play important roles in mediating feedback responses to climate change and advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of community adaptation to environmental perturbations. C1 [Luo, Chengwei; Rodriguez-R, Luis M.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Genom, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Luo, Chengwei; Rodriguez-R, Luis M.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Wu, Liyou; Cheng, Lei; Xue, Kai; Tu, Qichao; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Shi, Jason Zhou; Yuan, Mengting Maggie; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Wu, Liyou; Cheng, Lei; Xue, Kai; Tu, Qichao; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Shi, Jason Zhou; Yuan, Mengting Maggie; Sherry, Rebecca A.; Li, Dejun; Luo, Yiqi; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Schuur, Edward A. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Chain, Patrick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Johnston, Eric R.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Konstantinidis, KT (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Genom, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM jzhou@rccc.ou.edu; kostas@ce.gatech.edu OI Rodriguez-R, Luis M/0000-0001-7603-3093; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632; Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0004601] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (award DE-SC0004601). NR 55 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 13 U2 160 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1777 EP 1786 DI 10.1128/AEM.03712-13 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AB2MH UT WOS:000331626300029 PM 24375144 ER PT J AU Saxena, S Vuilleumier, D Kozarac, D Krieck, M Dibble, R Aceves, S AF Saxena, Samveg Vuilleumier, David Kozarac, Darko Krieck, Martin Dibble, Robert Aceves, Salvador TI Optimal operating conditions for wet ethanol in a HCCI engine using exhaust gas heat recovery SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; Wet ethanol; HCCI; Power generation; Biofuel; Engines ID STRATEGIES; BENEFITS; COSTS; CYCLE AB This study explores optimal operating conditions for power generation from wet ethanol in a HCCI engine using exhaust gas heat recovery. Wet ethanol is a difficult fuel to ignite as it requires high compressed gas temperatures to achieve ignition causing the requirement for substantial intake charge heating. A heat exchanger is retrofitted to a HCCI engine in this study to recover excess heat from the exhaust gases to provide the energy input for intake charge heating. This study builds on prior experimental research by focusing on optimal operating conditions for wet ethanol in HCCI with exhaust gas heat recovery. Operating points include intake pressures of 1.8 and 2.0 bar absolute, equivalence ratios of 0.50 and 0.55, combustion timings from just before TDC to misfire, and fuel mixtures from 70% to 100% ethanol (with water being the balance). The results suggest that the best operating conditions for the HCCI engine and heat exchanger system in terms of high power output, low ringing, and low nitrogen oxide emissions occur with high intake pressures, high equivalence ratios and highly delayed combustion timing. With a 2 bar absolute intake pressure, an equivalence ratio of 0.55, and a combustion timing near 8 CAD ATDC, 70% ethanol produced a power output of nearly 7.25 bar gross IMEP with low ringing and low nitrogen oxide emissions. This operating point was sustained by using heat transfer from hot exhaust gases into the intake charge, and thus no external heat addition was required - a substantial improvement over prior studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Saxena, Samveg] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vuilleumier, David; Krieck, Martin; Dibble, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kozarac, Darko] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [Aceves, Salvador] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Saxena, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM samveg@berkeley.edu OI Krieck, Martin/0000-0002-8081-3866 FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through the project "Low temperature combustion chemistry at boost pressures for surrogate fuels and ethanol use in HCCI engine experiments"; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX Funding for this study was provided by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through the project "Low temperature combustion chemistry at boost pressures for surrogate fuels and ethanol use in HCCI engine experiments", directed by Dr. S. Aceves. Additional support was also provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the Canada Graduate Scholarship and Postgraduate scholarship programs. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 EI 1872-9118 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 116 BP 269 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.033 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AB0VR UT WOS:000331510700029 ER PT J AU Fang, M Albrecht, BA Ghate, VP Kollias, P AF Fang, Ming Albrecht, Bruce A. Ghate, Virendra P. Kollias, Pavlos TI Turbulence in Continental Stratocumulus, Part I: External Forcings and Turbulence Structures SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Continental stratocumulus; External forcings; Turbulence ID TOPPED BOUNDARY-LAYER; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; MIXED LAYERS; CLOUD; ENTRAINMENT; PARAMETRIZATION; SKEWNESS; MODEL AB Comprehensive, ground-based observations from the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurements program Southern Great Plains site are used to study the variability of turbulence forcings and cloud-scale turbulence structures in a continental stratocumulus cloud. The turbulence observations are made from an upward facing cloud (35 GHz) Doppler radar. Cloud base and liquid water path are characterized using a lidar at the surface and a microwave radiometer. The turbulence characterizations are compared and contrasted with those observed in marine stratocumulus clouds. During the 16-h observation period used in this study the cloud-base and cloud-top heights evolve with time and changes in liquid water path observed by the radiometer are consistent with variations in cloud depth. Unlike marine stratocumulus clouds, a diurnal cycle of cloud thickness and liquid water path is not observed. The observed surface latent, sensible, and virtual sensible heat fluxes and the radiative fluxes exhibit a diurnal cycle with values increasing from sunrise to afternoon and decreasing afterwards. During the night, the sensible heat, virtual sensible heat and the net radiative fluxes at the surface are slightly negative. Solar radiative heating prevails in the cloud layer during the day and strong radiative cooling exists at cloud top even during the day. Unlike marine stratocumulus, surface heating described by the convective velocity scale and cloud-top cooling described by are both important in driving the in-cloud turbulence during the day, whereas cloud-top cooling is the exclusive contributor during the night. The combined and (the total velocity scale provides a useful way to track the evolution of the turbulence structure in the cloud. The variance of the radar-measured radial velocity, which is related to resolved turbulence, follows the diurnal cycle and is consistent with the total velocity scale variations. It is higher during the day and lower during the night, which is contrary to that in marine stratocumulus. The values are lowest around sunset when the radiative cooling is also small due to upper-level clouds observed above the low-level stratus. The vertical distribution of the variance results from the surface heating during the day and cloud-top cooling during the night. The squared spectrum width, which is related to turbulence structures within the radar sampling volume (unresolved turbulence) also follows the diurnal cycle. Its vertical distribution indicates that the unresolved turbulence more closely relates to the processes near cloud top. Turbulence in the cloud requires about an hour to respond to the external forcings of surface heating and cloud-top radiative cooling. Positive skewness prevails during the day and negative skewness prevails at night with a sharp transition around sunset. Resolved turbulence dominates near cloud base whereas unresolved turbulence dominates near cloud top. The turbulence characteristics and variability defined in this study can be used to evaluate the time evolution of turbulence structures in large eddy simulation forced by surface and cloud-top radiative forcings. C1 [Fang, Ming; Albrecht, Bruce A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Ghate, Virendra P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kollias, Pavlos] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Fang, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM mfang3219@hotmail.com FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program Climate Research Facility [DE SC0000777] FX This research was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DE SC0000777 as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program Climate Research Facility. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 150 IS 3 BP 341 EP 360 DI 10.1007/s10546-013-9873-3 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AB4FB UT WOS:000331743800001 ER PT J AU Fang, M Albrecht, BA Ghate, VP Kollias, P AF Fang, Ming Albrecht, Bruce A. Ghate, Virendra P. Kollias, Pavlos TI Turbulence in Continental Stratocumulus, Part II: Eddy Dissipation Rates and Large-Eddy Coherent Structures SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coherent structures; Continental stratocumulus; Energy dissipation rate; Radar observed spectrum width ID DOPPLER RADAR; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; SPECTRAL WIDTH; CLOUD; MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; SHEAR AB This study first illustrates the utility of using the Doppler spectrum width from millimetre wavelength radar to calculate the energy dissipation rate and then to use the energy dissipation rate to study turbulence structure in a continental stratocumulus cloud. It is shown that the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate calculated from the radar-measured Doppler spectrum width agrees well with that calculated from the Doppler velocity power spectrum. During the 16-h stratocumulus cloud event, the small-scale turbulence contributes 40 % of the total velocity variance at cloud base, 50 % at normalized cloud depth = 0.8 and 70 % at cloud top, which suggests that small-scale turbulence plays a critical role near the cloud top where the entrainment and cloud-top radiative cooling act. The 16-h mean vertical integral length scale decreases from about 160 m at cloud base to 60 m at cloud top, and this signifies that the larger scale turbulence dominates around cloud base whereas the small-scale turbulence dominates around cloud top. The energy dissipation rate, total variance and squared spectrum width exhibit diurnal variations, but unlike marine stratocumulus they are high during the day and lowest around sunset at all levels; energy dissipation rates increase at night with the intensification of the cloud-top cooling. In the normalized coordinate system, the averaged coherent structure of updrafts is characterized by low energy dissipation rates in the updraft core and higher energy dissipation rates surround the updraft core at the top and along the edges. In contrast, the energy dissipation rate is higher inside the downdraft core indicating that the downdraft core is more turbulent. The turbulence around the updraft is weaker at night and stronger during the day; the opposite is true around the downdraft. This behaviour indicates that the turbulence in the downdraft has a diurnal cycle similar to that observed in marine stratocumulus whereas the turbulence diurnal cycle in the updraft is reversed. For both updraft and downdraft, the maximum energy dissipation rate occurs at a cloud depth = 0.8 where the maximum reflectivity and air acceleration or deceleration are observed. Resolved turbulence dominates near cloud base whereas unresolved turbulence dominates near cloud top. Similar to the unresolved turbulence, the resolved turbulence described by the radial velocity variance is higher in the downdraft than in the updraft. The impact of the surface heating on the resolved turbulence in the updraft decreases with height and diminishes around the cloud top. In both updrafts and downdrafts, the resolved turbulence increases with height and reaches a maximum at cloud depth = 0.4 and then decreases to the cloud top; the resolved turbulence near cloud top, just as the unresolved turbulence, is mostly due to the cloud-top radiative cooling. C1 [Fang, Ming; Albrecht, Bruce A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Ghate, Virendra P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kollias, Pavlos] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Fang, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM mfang3219@hotmail.com FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE SC 0000777, 0008599] FX This research was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE SC 0000777 and 0008599 and was made possible by the measurement from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility at the Southern Great Plaines. We benefited from useful discussions with Dr. Christoper Fairall. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 EI 1573-1472 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 150 IS 3 BP 361 EP 380 DI 10.1007/s10546-013-9872-4 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AB4FB UT WOS:000331743800002 ER PT J AU Moeller, SJ Honorio, J Tomasi, D Parvaz, MA Woicik, PA Volkow, ND Goldstein, RZ AF Moeller, Scott J. Honorio, Jean Tomasi, Dardo Parvaz, Muhammad A. Woicik, Patricia A. Volkow, Nora D. Goldstein, Rita Z. TI Methylphenidate Enhances Executive Function and Optimizes Prefrontal Function in Both Health and Cocaine Addiction SO CEREBRAL CORTEX LA English DT Article DE anterior cingulate cortex; cerebellum; cocaine addiction; dopamine; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; executive function; fMRI; methylphenidate; norepinephrine; Stroop ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; ERROR-RELATED NEGATIVITY; WORKING-MEMORY TASK; ORAL METHYLPHENIDATE; BRAIN ACTIVATION; STROOP TASK; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; NEURAL SYSTEMS AB Previous studies have suggested dopamine to be involved in error monitoring/processing, possibly through impact on reinforcement learning. The current study tested whether methylphenidate (MPH), an indirect dopamine agonist, modulates brain and behavioral responses to error, and whether such modulation is more pronounced in cocaine-addicted individuals, in whom dopamine neurotransmission is disrupted. After receiving oral MPH (20 mg) or placebo (counterbalanced), 15 healthy human volunteers and 16 cocaine-addicted individuals completed a task of executive function (the Stroop color word) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). During MPH, despite not showing differences on percent accuracy and reaction time, all subjects committed fewer total errors and slowed down more after committing errors, suggestive of more careful responding. In parallel, during MPH all subjects showed reduced dorsal anterior cingulate cortex response to the fMRI contrast errorcorrect. In the cocaine subjects only, MPH also reduced errorcorrect activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (controls instead showed lower errorcorrect response in this region during placebo). Taken together, MPH modulated dopaminergically innervated prefrontal cortical areas involved in error-related processing, and such modulation was accentuated in the cocaine subjects. These results are consistent with a dopaminergic contribution to error-related processing during a cognitive control task. C1 [Moeller, Scott J.; Parvaz, Muhammad A.; Woicik, Patricia A.; Goldstein, Rita Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Honorio, Jean] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Goldstein, RZ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 30 Bell Ave,Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rgoldstein@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015; Moeller, Scott/L-5549-2016; OI Moeller, Scott/0000-0002-4449-0844; Parvaz, Muhammad/0000-0002-2671-2327 FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1R01DA023579, 1F32DA030017-01]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CHI-886] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (to R.Z.G.: 1R01DA023579; to S.J.M.: 1F32DA030017-01). This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CHI-886 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, a worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the US Government purposes. NR 84 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1047-3211 EI 1460-2199 J9 CEREB CORTEX JI Cereb. Cortex PD MAR PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 643 EP 653 DI 10.1093/cercor/bhs345 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA AB5RI UT WOS:000331845700008 PM 23162047 ER PT J AU Arya, V Yang, X Balimane, P Chinn, L Hinderling, P Vaidyanathan, J Zur, AA Wittwer, MB Zhang, L AF Arya, V. Yang, X. Balimane, P. Chinn, L. Hinderling, P. Vaidyanathan, J. Zur, A. A. Wittwer, M. B. Zhang, L. TI CREATININE AS AN ENDOGENOUS MARKER FOR RENAL FUNCTION-EMERGING ROLE OF TRANSPORTERS IN THE OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RENAL TOXICITY. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics (ASCPT) CY MAR 18-22, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut C1 [Arya, V.; Yang, X.; Balimane, P.; Chinn, L.; Hinderling, P.; Vaidyanathan, J.; Zhang, L.] US FDA, CDER, Off Translat Sci, Off Clin Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Zur, A. A.; Wittwer, M. B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, ORISE, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 EI 1532-6535 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 95 SU 1 BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AB7ZL UT WOS:000332009800190 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Wu, F Lee, S Zhao, H Zhang, L AF Zhang, L. Wu, F. Lee, S. Zhao, H. Zhang, L. TI PH-DEPENDENT DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS: POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR NEW DRUG DEVELOPMENT. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics (ASCPT) CY MAR 18-22, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut C1 [Zhang, L.; Wu, F.; Lee, S.; Zhao, H.; Zhang, L.] US FDA, CDER, Off Translat Sci, Off Clin Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Wu, F.] US FDA, CDER, Off Translat Sci, ORISE, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 EI 1532-6535 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 95 SU 1 BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AB7ZL UT WOS:000332009800191 ER PT J AU Prague, M Commenges, D Guedj, J Drylewicz, J Thiebaut, R AF Prague, Melanie Commenges, Daniel Guedj, Jeremie Drylewicz, Julia Thiebaut, Rodolphe TI NIMROD: A program for inference via normal approximation of the posterior in models with random effects based on ordinary differential equations (vol 111, pg 447, 2013) SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Prague, Melanie; Commenges, Daniel; Thiebaut, Rodolphe] Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, Ctr INSERM U897 Epidemiol Biostat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France. [Prague, Melanie; Commenges, Daniel; Thiebaut, Rodolphe] INSERM, ISPED, Ctr INSERM U897 Epidemiol Biostat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France. [Guedj, Jeremie] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Drylewicz, Julia] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Lab Translat Immunol, NL-3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Drylewicz, Julia] Univ Utrecht, Dept Biol, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Prague, M (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, Gironde, France. EM melanie.prague@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr RI Guedj, Jeremie/A-6842-2017 OI Guedj, Jeremie/0000-0002-5534-5482 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0169-2607 EI 1872-7565 J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 113 IS 3 BP 927 EP 927 DI 10.1016/j.cinpb.2013.09.015 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA AB3YQ UT WOS:000331726500020 ER PT J AU Pruett, CL Whelan, C Ricono, A Lance, SL Glenn, T Faircloth, B Winker, K AF Pruett, Christin L. Whelan, Cesili Ricono, Angela Lance, Stacey L. Glenn, Travis Faircloth, Brant Winker, Kevin TI Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for two species of Beringian birds, rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) and Pacific wren (Troglodytes pacificus) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Troglodytes; Calidris; PCR primers; Microsatellite; Aleutian Islands; Pribilof Islands ID DNA LOCI AB Identification and assessment of small, endemic populations are priorities for conservation. We isolated and characterized 8 microsatellite loci from rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) and 5 microsatellite loci from Pacific wren (Troglodytes pacificus), species with endemic populations of named subspecies that are of conservation concern. Eighteen to 20 individuals of each species from several locations in Alaska were screened for polymorphism. Loci for each species showed high polymorphism, with rock sandpiper ranging from 5 to 14 alleles per locus and 0.73-0.88 expected heterozygosity and Pacific wren ranging from 5 to 14 alleles per locus and 0.55-0.91 expected heterozygosity. Loci developed for rock sandpipers were also polymorphic in closely related taxa. These loci are the first developed for either species and will be used to identify and conserve endemic populations in the Bering Sea region. C1 [Pruett, Christin L.; Whelan, Cesili; Ricono, Angela] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Glenn, Travis] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Faircloth, Brant] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Winker, Kevin] Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Pruett, CL (reprint author), Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. EM cpruett@fit.edu RI Winker, Kevin/M-2042-2014; Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013; OI Winker, Kevin/0000-0002-8985-8104; Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733; Faircloth, Brant/0000-0002-1943-0217 FU Florida Institute of Technology; University of Alaska Museum; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX This work was supported by the Florida Institute of Technology, University of Alaska Museum, and by the U.S. Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. We thank M. Zimmerman, S. Garcia, M. Smith, and R. Selvam for help in the laboratory. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 EI 1877-7260 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 BP 175 EP 177 DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0040-4 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA AB3RQ UT WOS:000331708300046 ER PT J AU Morales-Leyva, A Medellin, RA Lance, SL Rodriguez-Herrera, B Del Real-Monroy, M Ortega, J AF Morales-Leyva, Alberto Medellin, Rodrigo A. Lance, Stacey L. Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal Del Real-Monroy, Melina Ortega, Jorge TI Development of microsatellite loci for the Honduran white-bat (Ectophylla alba) by using Illumina paired-end sequences SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Ectophylla alba; Illumina; Microsatellites; Pal_finder AB Ectophylla alba is a bat restricted to Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. A technique based on Illumina paired-end sequencing of a library highly enriched for microsatellite repeats was used to develop loci. Thirteen polymorphic (tri, tetra- and pentanucleotide) microsatellites were developed and tested. All markers were genotyped on 42 different individuals from 5 distinct locations. We observed low to medium-high genetic variation across most loci. Levels of expected heterozygosity across all markers was medium to low (mean H-E = 0.659, mean H-O = 0.672). C1 [Morales-Leyva, Alberto; Del Real-Monroy, Melina; Ortega, Jorge] Inst Politecn Nacl, Lab Bioconservac & Manejo, Dept Zool, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. [Medellin, Rodrigo A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Ecol & Conservac Vertebrados, Dept Ecol Biodiversidad, Inst Ecol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. [Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Secc Zool, San Jose, Costa Rica. RP Ortega, J (reprint author), Inst Politecn Nacl, Lab Bioconservac & Manejo, Dept Zool, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Prolongac Carpio & Plan Ayala S-N, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. EM artibeus2@aol.com RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU CONACyT Ciencia Basica [156725]; DOE [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; CONACyT [156725] FX Financial support was provided by CONACyT Ciencia Basica (156725). Alberto Morales-Leyva thanks supporting field work provided by R. A. Medellin and B. Rodriguez-Herrera. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the DOE under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. Alberto Morales-Leyva is supported by a scholarship provided by CONACyT (156725) as undergraduate student in ENCB, IPN. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 EI 1877-7260 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 BP 219 EP 220 DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0065-8 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA AB3RQ UT WOS:000331708300059 ER PT J AU Peet, YT Fischer, PF AF Peet, Y. T. Fischer, P. F. TI Legendre spectral element method with nearly incompressible materials SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Spectral element method; Nearly incompressible materials; Poisson locking ID ITERATIVE SUBSTRUCTURING METHODS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; P-VERSION; ELASTICITY PROBLEMS; FINITE-ELEMENTS; LINEAR ELASTICITY; ELLIPTIC-SYSTEMS; BLOOD-FLOW; LOCKING; DISCRETIZATIONS AB We investigate convergence behavior of a spectral element method based on Legendre polynomial shape functions solving linear elasticity equations for a range of Poisson's ratios of a material. We document uniform convergence rates independent of Poisson's ratio for a wide class of problems with both straight and curved elements in two and three dimensions, demonstrating locking-free properties of the spectral element method with nearly incompressible materials. We investigate computational efficiency of the current method without a preconditioner and with a simple mass-matrix preconditioner, however no attempt to optimize a choice of a preconditioner was made. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Peet, Y. T.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Peet, Y. T.; Fischer, P. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Peet, YT (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM ypeet@asu.edu; fischer@mcs.anl.gov OI Peet, Yulia/0000-0003-4072-1278 FU NSF RTG at Northwestern University [DMS-0636574]; SHARP project of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work has been initiated when Y.P. was an NSF RTG post-doctoral fellow at the Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics at Northwestern University. We acknowledge the financial support of the NSF RTG grant DMS-0636574 at Northwestern University and the SHARP project of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75015 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0997-7538 EI 1873-7285 J9 EUR J MECH A-SOLID JI Eur. J. Mech. A-Solids PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 44 BP 91 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2013.10.004 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA AB2ZW UT WOS:000331662100007 ER PT J AU Wu, WT Aubry, N Massoudi, M Kim, J Antaki, JF AF Wu, Wei-Tao Aubry, Nadine Massoudi, Mehrdad Kim, Jeongho Antaki, James F. TI A numerical study of blood flow using mixture theory SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Blood flow; Mixture theory; Two phase flow; Rheology; Channel flow; Non-linear fluids ID FLUID-SOLID MIXTURE; TUBE FLOW; PLATELET DEPOSITION; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; CONTINUUM-THEORIES; SOFT-TISSUES; CELL-VOLUME; VISCOSITY; PLASMA AB In this paper, we consider the two dimensional flow of blood in a rectangular microfluidic channel. We use Mixture Theory to treat this problem as a two-component system: One component is the red blood cells (RBCs) modeled as a generalized Reiner-Rivlin type fluid, which considers the effects of volume fraction (hematocrit) and influence of shear rate upon viscosity. The other component, plasma, is assumed to behave as a linear viscous fluid. A CFD solver based on OpenFOAM (R) was developed and employed to simulate a specific problem, namely blood flow in a two dimensional micro-channel, is studied. Finally to better understand this two-component flow system and the effects of the different parameters, the equations are made dimensionless and a parametric study is performed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, Wei-Tao] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Aubry, Nadine] Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Massoudi, Mehrdad] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Kim, Jeongho; Antaki, James F.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM Mehrdad.Massoudi@NETL.DOE.GOV RI Antaki, James/S-3051-2016 OI Antaki, James/0000-0002-5430-7353 FU NIH [1 R01 HL089456] FX This research was supported in part by NIH grant 1 R01 HL089456. NR 86 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7225 EI 1879-2197 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 76 BP 56 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2013.12.001 PG 17 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA AB3CU UT WOS:000331669700006 PM 24791016 ER PT J AU Boyce, BL AF Boyce, Brad L. TI Preface to the Special Issue on the Sandia Fracture Challenge SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Boyce, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM blboyce@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 EI 1573-2673 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 186 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1007/s10704-014-9929-5 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA AB2XB UT WOS:000331654300001 ER PT J AU Boyce, BL Kramer, SLB Fang, HE Cordova, TE Neilsen, MK Dion, K Kaczmarowski, AK Karasz, E Xue, L Gross, AJ Ghahremaninezhad, A Ravi-Chandar, K Lin, SP Chi, SW Chen, JS Yreux, E Ruter, M Qian, D Zhou, Z Bhamare, S O'Connor, DT Tang, S Elkhodary, KI Zhao, J Hochhalter, JD Cerrone, AR Ingraffea, AR Wawrzynek, PA Carter, BJ Emery, JM Veilleux, MG Yang, P Gan, Y Zhang, X Chen, Z Madenci, E Kilic, B Zhang, T Fang, E Liu, P Lua, J Nahshon, K Miraglia, M Cruce, J DeFrese, R Moyer, ET Brinckmann, S Quinkert, L Pack, K Luo, M Wierzbicki, T AF Boyce, B. L. Kramer, S. L. B. Fang, H. E. Cordova, T. E. Neilsen, M. K. Dion, K. Kaczmarowski, A. K. Karasz, E. Xue, L. Gross, A. J. Ghahremaninezhad, A. Ravi-Chandar, K. Lin, S. -P. Chi, S. -W. Chen, J. S. Yreux, E. Ruter, M. Qian, D. Zhou, Z. Bhamare, S. O'Connor, D. T. Tang, S. Elkhodary, K. I. Zhao, J. Hochhalter, J. D. Cerrone, A. R. Ingraffea, A. R. Wawrzynek, P. A. Carter, B. J. Emery, J. M. Veilleux, M. G. Yang, P. Gan, Y. Zhang, X. Chen, Z. Madenci, E. Kilic, B. Zhang, T. Fang, E. Liu, P. Lua, J. Nahshon, K. Miraglia, M. Cruce, J. DeFrese, R. Moyer, E. T. Brinckmann, S. Quinkert, L. Pack, K. Luo, M. Wierzbicki, T. TI The Sandia Fracture Challenge: blind round robin predictions of ductile tearing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE Fracture; Tearing; Deformation; Ductility; Failure; Damage; Crack initiation ID POLYCRYSTALLINE AL 6061-T6; KERNEL PARTICLE METHODS; FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; LARGE-DEFORMATION; FAILURE BEHAVIOR; GURSON MODEL; SHEAR; DAMAGE; PROPAGATION; PLASTICITY AB Existing and emerging methods in computational mechanics are rarely validated against problems with an unknown outcome. For this reason, Sandia National Laboratories, in partnership with US National Science Foundation and Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division, launched a computational challenge in mid-summer, 2012. Researchers and engineers were invited to predict crack initiation and propagation in a simple but novel geometry fabricated from a common off-the-shelf commercial engineering alloy. The goal of this international Sandia Fracture Challenge was to benchmark the capabilities for the prediction of deformation and damage evolution associated with ductile tearing in structural metals, including physics models, computational methods, and numerical implementations currently available in the computational fracture community. Thirteen teams participated, reporting blind predictions for the outcome of the Challenge. The simulations and experiments were performed independently and kept confidential. The methods for fracture prediction taken by the thirteen teams ranged from very simple engineering calculations to complicated multiscale simulations. The wide variation in modeling results showed a striking lack of consistency across research groups in addressing problems of ductile fracture. While some methods were more successful than others, it is clear that the problem of ductile fracture prediction continues to be challenging. Specific areas of deficiency have been identified through this effort. Also, the effort has underscored the need for additional blind prediction-based assessments. C1 [Boyce, B. L.; Kramer, S. L. B.; Fang, H. E.; Cordova, T. E.; Neilsen, M. K.; Dion, K.; Kaczmarowski, A. K.; Karasz, E.; Emery, J. M.; Veilleux, M. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Xue, L.] Schlumberger, Sugar Land, TX USA. [Gross, A. J.; Ravi-Chandar, K.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghahremaninezhad, A.] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Lin, S. -P.; Chen, J. S.; Yreux, E.; Ruter, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Chi, S. -W.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Qian, D.; Zhou, Z.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. [Bhamare, S.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [O'Connor, D. T.; Zhao, J.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Tang, S.] Chongqing Univ, Chongqing 630044, Peoples R China. [Elkhodary, K. I.] Amer Univ Cairo, Dept Mech Engn, Cairo, Egypt. [Hochhalter, J. D.] NASA Langley, Hampton, VA USA. [Cerrone, A. R.; Ingraffea, A. R.; Wawrzynek, P. A.; Carter, B. J.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Yang, P.; Zhang, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Gan, Y.] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. [Chen, Z.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Chen, Z.] Dalian Univ Technol, Dalian, Peoples R China. [Madenci, E.; Kilic, B.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Zhang, T.; Fang, E.; Liu, P.; Lua, J.] Global Engn & Mat Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. [Nahshon, K.; Miraglia, M.; Cruce, J.; DeFrese, R.; Moyer, E. T.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr Carderock Div, Washington, DC USA. [Brinckmann, S.] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, D-40074 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Quinkert, L.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Bochum, Germany. [Pack, K.; Luo, M.; Wierzbicki, T.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Boyce, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM blboyce@sandia.gov RI Xue, Liang/A-1266-2007; Qian, Dong/B-2326-2008; Luo, Meng/J-3829-2013; Brinckmann, Steffen/G-7075-2011; OI Xue, Liang/0000-0003-0468-0624; Qian, Dong/0000-0001-9367-0924; Brinckmann, Steffen/0000-0003-0930-082X; Elkhodary, Khalil/0000-0002-0249-5751; Emery, John /0000-0001-6671-4952 NR 71 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 EI 1573-2673 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 186 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 5 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s10704-013-9904-6 PG 64 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA AB2XB UT WOS:000331654300002 ER PT J AU Neilsen, MK Dion, KN Fang, HE Kaczmarowski, AK Karasz, E AF Neilsen, Michael K. Dion, Kristin N. Fang, H. Eliot Kaczmarowski, Amy K. Karasz, Erin TI Ductile tearing predictions with Wellman's failure model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE Ductile tearing; Metals; Plasticity; Damage; Constitutive model AB Predictions for the Sandia National Laboratories fracture challenge (Boyce et al. in Int J Fract 2013) were generated using a transient dynamic finite element code with a multi-linear elastic plastic failure model developed by Wellman (Simple approach to modeling ductile failure. Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque 2012). This model is a conventional, rate independent, von Mises plasticity model for metals with user-prescribed hardening as a function of equivalent plastic strain. In addition to conventional plasticity, this model has empirical criteria for crack initiation and growth. Ductile tearing predictions generated with this model were found to be in good agreement with experimental measurements and observations. C1 [Neilsen, Michael K.; Dion, Kristin N.; Fang, H. Eliot; Kaczmarowski, Amy K.; Karasz, Erin] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Neilsen, MK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mkneils@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories FX Reviews of this paper by two external reviewers, and internal reviewers, Dr. E. Corona and Dr. J. Emery are gratefully acknowledged and improved the quality of this paper. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Sandia National Laboratories support of this work is gratefully acknowledged. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 EI 1573-2673 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 186 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1007/s10704-013-9913-5 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA AB2XB UT WOS:000331654300005 ER PT J AU He, ZL Xiong, JB Kent, AD Deng, Y Xue, K Wang, GJ Wu, LY Van Nostrand, JD Zhou, JZ AF He, Zhili Xiong, Jinbo Kent, Angela D. Deng, Ye Xue, Kai Wang, Gejiao Wu, Liyou Van Nostrand, Joy D. Zhou, Jizhong TI Distinct responses of soil microbial communities to elevated CO2 and O-3 in a soybean agro-ecosystem SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE microbial responses/feedbacks; soil microbial community; elevated CO2; elevated O-3; functional genes; soybean/SoyFACE; agro-ecosystem ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; FUNCTIONAL GENE MICROARRAYS; PLANT DIVERSITY; NITROGEN TRANSFORMATIONS; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; TREMBLING ASPEN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WINTER-WHEAT AB The concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric ozone (O-3) have been rising due to human activities. However, little is known about how such increases influence soil microbial communities. We hypothesized that elevated CO2(eCO(2)) and elevated O-3 (eO(3)) would significantly affect the functional composition, structure and metabolic potential of soil microbial communities, and that various functional groups would respond to such atmospheric changes differentially. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed 96 soil samples from a soybean free-air CO2 enrichment (SoyFACE) experimental site using a comprehensive functional gene microarray (GeoChip 3.0). The results showed the overall functional composition and structure of soil microbial communities shifted under eCO(2), eO(3) or eCO(2)+eO(3). Key functional genes involved in carbon fixation and degradation, nitrogen fixation, denitrification and methane metabolism were stimulated under eCO(2), whereas those involved in N fixation, denitrification and N mineralization were suppressed under eO(3), resulting in the fact that the abundance of some eO(3)-supressed genes was promoted to ambient, or eCO(2)-induced levels by the interaction of eCO(2)+eO(3)ch effects appeared distinct for each treatment and significantly correlated with soil properties and soybean yield. Overall, our analysis suggests possible mechanisms of microbial responses to global atmospheric change factors through the stimulation of C and N cycling by eCO(2), the inhibition of N functional processes by eO(3) and the interaction by eCO(2) and eO(3). This study provides new insights into our understanding of microbial functional processes in response to global atmospheric change in soybean agro-ecosystems. C1 [He, Zhili; Xiong, Jinbo; Deng, Ye; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [He, Zhili; Xiong, Jinbo; Deng, Ye; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Xiong, Jinbo] Ningbo Univ, Fac Marine Sci, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Kent, Angela D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Wang, Gejiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP He, ZL (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, 101 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM zhili.he@ou.edu; jzhou@ou.edu RI Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016; OI Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450; Kent, Angela/0000-0003-1837-2382; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632 FU US Department of Agriculture [2007-35319-18305]; US Department of Energy, Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program [DE-SC0004601]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231] FX Assistance with sample collection was provided by Ariane L Peralta, Yu-rui Chang, Sara F Paver, Diana N Flanagan and Anthony C Yannarell. We thank Lisa Ainsworth and Andrew Leakey for helpful comments on this manuscript. This work is supported by the US Department of Agriculture (Project 2007-35319-18305) through the NSF-USDA Microbial Observatories Program, by the US Department of Energy, Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program (DE-SC0004601). The GeoChips and associated computational pipelines used in this study were supported by ENIGMA-Ecosystems and Networks Integrated with Genes and Molecular Assemblies through the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231. NR 81 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 129 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 714 EP 726 DI 10.1038/ismej.2013.177 PG 13 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA AB6EH UT WOS:000331879900019 PM 24108327 ER PT J AU Turchi, PEA Soderlind, P Landa, AI AF Turchi, P. E. A. Soederlind, P. Landa, A. I. TI From Electronic Structure to Thermodynamics of Actinide-Based Alloys SO JOM LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; U-ZR SYSTEMS; 5F ELECTRONS; THERMO-CALC; DELTA-PU; METALS; TRANSITION; PLUTONIUM; SIMULATION; ELEMENTS AB In this brief review, we show that thermodynamic modeling of complex multicomponent actinide-based alloys is crucial for fuel development and for predicting the impact of evolving fuel chemistry with time on materials performance. With input from energetics and equilibrium properties of alloys from ab initio electronic-structure calculations, within the framework of density-functional theory, the CALPHAD methodology is a viable approach to thermodynamic assessment for this class of materials. Despite the limited availability of experimental thermodynamic data, this approach can predict important features in the phase diagram and, perhaps more importantly, guide and motivate further experiments for validating the methodology and the data for subsequent modeling of materials performance on a higher level. C1 [Turchi, P. E. A.; Soederlind, P.; Landa, A. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Turchi, PEA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 East Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM turchi1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program [12-SI-008] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work at the LLNL was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under project tracking code 12-SI-008. P. T. gratefully acknowledges useful discussions with Alexey Savchenko from the A. A. Bochvar All Russia Institute of Inorganic Materials (Moscow, Russia). NR 98 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 IS 3 BP 375 EP 388 DI 10.1007/s11837-014-0882-6 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA AB9BM UT WOS:000332084100003 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, JA Sabau, AS Zaeem, MA Tschopp, MA Spearot, DE AF Zimmerman, Jonathan A. Sabau, Adrian S. Zaeem, Mohsen Asle Tschopp, Mark A. Spearot, Douglas E. TI Algorithm Development in Computational Materials Science SO JOM LA English DT Article C1 [Zimmerman, Jonathan A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Sabau, Adrian S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zaeem, Mohsen Asle] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Tschopp, Mark A.] US Army Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Sci Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Spearot, Douglas E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Zimmerman, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jzimmer@sandia.gov RI Sabau, Adrian/B-9571-2008; Tschopp, Mark/B-1594-2008 OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474; Tschopp, Mark/0000-0001-8471-5035 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 IS 3 BP 397 EP 398 DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0846-2 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA AB9BM UT WOS:000332084100005 ER PT J AU Lebensohn, RA Pokharel, R AF Lebensohn, Ricardo A. Pokharel, Reeju TI Interpretation of Microstructural Effects on Porosity Evolution Using a Combined Dilatational/Crystal Plasticity Computational Approach SO JOM LA English DT Article ID TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; NUMERICAL-METHOD; POLYCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES; STRAIN; VOIDS; DEFORMATION; GROWTH; SOLIDS AB A novel formulation based on fast Fourier transforms for the prediction of ductile damage of polycrystalline materials that combines crystal plasticity and dilatational plasticity is reviewed and applied to understand the microstructural origin of available experimental evidence of porosity evolution in incipiently spalled Cu polycrystals. The influence of the Taylor factor of the crystalline ligaments linking interacting voids and the microstructural origin of a nonmonotonic grain-size dependence on porosity evolution is investigated and rationalized by means of numerical simulations using the new model. C1 [Lebensohn, Ricardo A.; Pokharel, Reeju] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lebensohn, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lebenso@lanl.gov RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008 OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105 FU LANL's Laboratory-Directed Research and Development-Directed Research (LDRD-DR) [20140114DR]; ASC Science-Based Validation and Verification Programs FX This work was supported by LANL's Laboratory-Directed Research and Development-Directed Research (LDRD-DR, Project 20140114DR) and ASC Science-Based Validation and Verification Programs. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 IS 3 BP 437 EP 443 DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0849-z PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA AB9BM UT WOS:000332084100010 ER PT J AU Li, DS AF Li, Dongsheng TI Review of Structure Representation and Reconstruction on Mesoscale and Microscale SO JOM LA English DT Review ID STOCHASTIC RECONSTRUCTION; POROUS-MEDIA; MICROSTRUCTURE RECONSTRUCTIONS; 3-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERIZATION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; 2-POINT STATISTICS; FOURIER-TRANSFORMS; 3D RECONSTRUCTION AB Structure representation and reconstruction at both the mesoscale and microscale are critical in materials design, advanced manufacturing, and multiscale modeling. Structure reconstruction has been applied in different areas of materials science and technology, structural materials, energy materials, geology, hydrology, etc. This review summarizes the descriptors and formulations used to represent structures at the microscale and mesoscale, as well as reconstruction algorithms. In stochastic methods using correlation function, different optimization approaches have been adapted for objective function minimization. A variety of reconstruction approaches is compared for efficiency and accuracy. C1 [Li, Dongsheng] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Li, Dongsheng] Pratt & Whitney, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. RP Li, DS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dongshengli@gmail.com FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The author acknowledges support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development-funded Chemical Imaging Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 IS 3 BP 444 EP 454 DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0848-0 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA AB9BM UT WOS:000332084100011 ER PT J AU Wiersma, BJ AF Wiersma, Bruce J. TI The Performance of Underground Radioactive Waste Storage Tanks at the Savannah River Site: A 60-Year Historical Perspective SO JOM LA English DT Article AB The Savannah River Site produced weapons-grade materials for nearly 35 years between 1953 and 1988. The legacy of this production is nearly 37 million gallons of radioactive waste. Since the 1950s, the liquid waste has been stored in large, underground carbon steel waste tanks. During the past 20 years, the site has begun to process the waste so that it may be stored in vitrified and grout forms, which are more suitable for long-term storage. Over the history of the site, some tanks have experienced leakage of the waste to the secondary containment. This article is a review of the instances of leakage and corrosion degradation that the tanks and associated equipment have experienced since the first tanks were built. Furthermore, the activities that the site has taken to mitigate the degradation and manage the service life of the tank for its anticipated lifetime are reviewed. C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Wiersma, BJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 773-A,Rm D-1125, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM bruce.wiersma@srnl.doe.gov NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 IS 3 BP 471 EP 502 DI 10.1007/s11837-014-0870-x PG 32 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA AB9BM UT WOS:000332084100014 ER PT J AU Blakely, CK Davis, JD Bruno, SR Kraemer, SK Zhu, MZ Ke, XL Bi, WL Alp, EE Poltavets, VV AF Blakely, Colin K. Davis, Joshua D. Bruno, Shaun R. Kraemer, Shannon K. Zhu, Mengze Ke, Xianglin Bi, Wenli Alp, E. Ercan Poltavets, Viktor V. TI Multistep synthesis of the SrFeO2F perovskite oxyfluoride via the SrFeO2 infinite-layer intermediate SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE SrFeO2F; Oxyfluoride; Multistep synthesis; Soft chemistry; SrFeO2; Topotactic chemistry ID INORGANIC OXIDE FLUORIDES; TOPOTACTIC ROUTE; MANIPULATION; FLUORINATION; STRATEGIES; INSERTION; CA AB The SrFeO2F oxyfluoride was prepared through a low temperature, multistep synthetic route starting with the SrFe03, perovskite via the SrFeO2 infinite layer intermediate phase. In the final step SrFeO2F was formed by reacting SrFeO2 with XeF2 at 150 degrees C. In spite of utilizing an intermediate with layered ordering of oxygen vacancies, disordered SrFeO2F was synthesized. Rietveld refinement of synchrotron powder diffraction data did not reveal any signs of tetragonal distortion predicted by DFT calculations for SrFeO2F with layered O/F ordering. Significantly, the magnetic properties observed are drastically different from those reported earlier in the literature indicating that the properties of O/F disordered phases depend on the degree of short range ordering. Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements revealed the predominance of cis fluorine configuration in SrFeO2 polyhedra, confirming a difference in local Fe coordination in comparison with O/F disordered SrFeO2F. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Blakely, Colin K.; Davis, Joshua D.; Bruno, Shaun R.; Kraemer, Shannon K.; Poltavets, Viktor V.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhu, Mengze; Ke, Xianglin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bi, Wenli; Alp, E. Ercan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bi, Wenli] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Poltavets, VV (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM poltavets@chemistry.msu.edu OI Poltavets, Viktor/0000-0001-5086-7743 FU National Science Foundation [DMR- 1206718]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-06CH11357]; COMPRES (the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences) FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant DMR- 1206718. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. The Mossbauer lab at the Advanced Photon Source is partially supported by COMPRES (the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences). NR 38 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 EI 1873-3328 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 159 BP 8 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.12.007 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AB9UT UT WOS:000332141900002 ER PT J AU Palaia, JM McConnell, M Achenbach, JE Gustafson, CE Stoermer, KA Nolan, M Guay, LA Leitner, TK Matovu, F Taylor, AW Fowler, MG Janoff, EN AF Palaia, Jana M. McConnell, Michelle Achenbach, Jenna E. Gustafson, Claire E. Stoermer, Kristina A. Nolan, Monica Guay, Laura A. Leitner, Thomas K. Matovu, Flavia Taylor, Allan W. Fowler, Mary Glenn Janoff, Edward N. TI Neutralization of HIV subtypes A and D by breast milk IgG from women with HIV infection in Uganda SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Breast milk; HIV; Neutralization; IgG,IgA; Uganda; Subtype A; Subtype D; Mucosal immunity ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LACTATING RHESUS-MONKEYS; CELL-FREE HIV; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; SECRETORY IGA; TRANSMISSION; RESPONSES; INFANT; TRANSCYTOSIS AB Objectives: Among HIV-exposed infants in resource-limited countries, 8e12% are infected postnatally by breastfeeding. However, most of those uninfected at birth remain uninfected over time despite daily exposure to HIV in breast milk. Thus, we assessed the HIVinhibitory activity of breast milk. Methods: We measured cross-clade neutralization in activated PBMC of Ugandan subtype A (92UG031) and D (92UG005) primary HIV by breast milk or purified milk IgG and IgA from 25 HIV-infected Ugandan women. Isotype-specific antigen recognition was resolved by immunoblot. We determined HIV subtype from envelope population sequences in cells from 13 milk samples by PCR. Results: Milk inhibited p24 production by >= 50% (dose-dependent) by subtype A (21/25; 84%) and subtype D (11/25; 44%). IgG consistently reacted with multiple HIV antigens, including gp120/gp41, but IgA primarily recognized p24 alone. Depletion of IgG (n Z 5), not IgA, diminished neutralization (mean 78 +/- 33%) that was largely restored by IgG repletion. Mothers infected with subtype A more effectively neutralized subtype A than D. Conclusions: Breast milk from HIV-infected women showed homotypic and cross-subtype neutralization of HIV by IgG-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These data direct further investigations into mechanisms of resistance against postnatal transmission of HIV to infants from their mothers. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association. C1 [Palaia, Jana M.; Achenbach, Jenna E.; Gustafson, Claire E.; Stoermer, Kristina A.; Janoff, Edward N.] Univ Colorado, MAVRC, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Palaia, Jana M.; Gustafson, Claire E.; Janoff, Edward N.] Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. [McConnell, Michelle; Nolan, Monica; Taylor, Allan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Guay, Laura A.; Matovu, Flavia; Fowler, Mary Glenn] Johns Hopkins Univ, Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Leitner, Thomas K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Janoff, EN (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, MAVRC, Box B-168,12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Edward.Janoff@ucdenver.edu FU NIH [R01-HD059527, R01-AI41361, R01 AI097265]; United States Centers for Disease Control; Elisabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) [MV00- 9-900-01432-0-00]; University of Colorado Denver's Office of Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Grant; Mucosal and Vaccine Research Colorado Program (MAVRC); University of Colorado Cancer Center DNA Sequencing and Analysis Core [P30 CA046934] FX This work supported by NIH R01-HD059527, R01-AI41361, R01 AI097265, the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC; " Pathobiology of Breast Milk among HIV-1 infected Ugandan women receiving intrapartum nevirapine" study), the Elisabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) MV00- 9-900-01432-0-00, University of Colorado Denver's Office of Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Grant, the Mucosal and Vaccine Research Colorado Program (MAVRC) and the University of Colorado Cancer Center DNA Sequencing and Analysis Core (Grant # P30 CA046934). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank Jacinta Cooper for technical support and advice and the women in Kampala, Uganda for their participation. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 EI 1532-2742 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 264 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.11.002 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB3TC UT WOS:000331712100008 PM 24239588 ER PT J AU Oliveira, L Hitchcock, D Behlow, H Podila, R Skove, MJ Serkiz, SM Rao, AM AF Oliveira, L. Hitchcock, D. Behlow, H. Podila, R. Skove, M. J. Serkiz, S. M. Rao, A. M. TI Second- and Third-Order Elastic Constants of Filaments of HexTow((R)) IM7 Carbon Fiber SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE carbon fibers; high-order elastic constant; nonlinear mechanical behavior ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMBINATIONS; RESISTANCE; FIBRES; STABILIZATION; COMPOSITES; STRAIN AB Single filaments of HexTow(A (R)) IM7-12K carbon fiber were subjected to tensile measurements on a device which applies a known stress sigma, and measures the resulting strain epsilon, and the change in resistivity Delta rho. Young's modulus E, the resistivity rho, the piezoresistivity Delta rho/rho epsilon, and the nonlinearity in the stress-strain relation delta, were determined to be 264.1 +/- A 16.0 GPa, 1.5 +/- A 0.1 x 10(-3) Omega cm, 1.3 +/- A 0.1, and -4.96 +/- A 0.23, respectively. The values obtained for Young's modulus and the resistivity of the fiber are in reasonable agreement with the values reported by the manufacturer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a measurement of a third-order elastic constant of a single filament of HexTow(A (R)) IM7-12K. Given the high elastic strains attainable in these fibers and the negative value of delta, the usual calculation of E from a linear fit to the stress-strain data leads to an incorrect higher value of E. According to the accepted thermodynamic definition of the elastic constants, one must use the initial slope of the stress-strain curve to evaluate E. We also observed that the glue used to secure the fiber has an influence on the apparent modulus of the fiber. C1 [Oliveira, L.] Clemson Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Hitchcock, D.; Behlow, H.; Podila, R.; Skove, M. J.; Rao, A. M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Serkiz, S. M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Natl & Homeland Secur Directorate, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Skove, MJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mskove@g.clemson.edu; arao@clemson.edu OI Podila, Ramakrishna/0000-0003-0472-2361 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 685 EP 692 DI 10.1007/s11665-013-0826-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA AB2ZA UT WOS:000331659700001 ER PT J AU Kafka, OL Ingraham, MD Morrison, DJ Issen, KA AF Kafka, O. L. Ingraham, M. D. Morrison, D. J. Issen, K. A. TI Characterization of Fatigue Fractures in Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam Using x-ray Micro-Computed Tomography SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE aluminum; cellular material; failure analysis; fatigue; three-dimensional tomography ID DEFORMATION AB A post-mortem study of Alporas closed-cell aluminum foam specimens previously failed under strain-controlled fully reversed tension-compression fatigue was conducted using x-ray micro-computed tomography (mu CT). Volumetric renders of the 3D structure of the material were produced. Fractures were identified and marked throughout voxel-based images of the specimens. This produced a 3D plot of fracture locations. At high strain amplitudes (0.175-0.5%), fractures formed an interconnected planar zone oriented approximately perpendicular to the loading axis; typically, the angle of the plane differed from that of a tension failure. Conversely, at low strain amplitudes (0.05-0.1%), short fractures have been formed diffusely within the specimen. In both cases, observed fractures were tortuous. Our previous work with surface strain mapping via digital image correlation (DIC) suggested that for all strain amplitudes, a crack, evidenced by a zone of high extensile strain, was formed and propagated through the material. This result was confirmed at high strain amplitudes, but not at low strain amplitudes. The discrepancy is attributed to three potential causes. Using DIC, short cracks cannot be accurately resolved with relatively coarse light intensity patterns. DIC images indicate fractures under load, while mu CT imaging was conducted under zero load. Finally, the localized extension seen in DIC images could be attributed to strain with no resultant fractures. C1 [Kafka, O. L.; Ingraham, M. D.; Morrison, D. J.; Issen, K. A.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Ingraham, M. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kafka, OL (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM kafkaol@clarkson.edu; issenka@clarkson.edu OI Ingraham, Mathew/0000-0001-9149-0460 FU National Science Foundation [CMS-9512140, CMMI-0923123, CMS-0422045] FX Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation for mechanical testing facilities (award CMS-9512140), micro-computed tomography instrument (award CMMI-0923123), and materials (award CMS-0422045). NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 EI 1544-1024 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 759 EP 765 DI 10.1007/s11665-013-0850-2 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA AB2ZA UT WOS:000331659700010 ER PT J AU Robles-Aguila, MJ Perez, KS Stojanoff, V Juarez-Santiesteban, H Silva-Gonzalez, R Moreno, A AF Robles-Aguila, M. J. Perez, K. S. Stojanoff, V. Juarez-Santiesteban, H. Silva-Gonzalez, R. Moreno, A. TI Design of molecular devices based on metalloproteins: a new approach SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; POROUS SILICON; CYTOCHROME-C; THIN-FILMS; SURFACE; AZURIN; ELLIPSOMETRY; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; IMMOBILIZATION; CELLS AB In this study, cytochrome c and azurin proteins were immobilized onto a porous silicon (PS) surface using the self-assembly technique. The heterostructures were maintained at ambient conditions for several days. Experimental results showed long term stability of proteins in solid state working as electron-transfer devices. Atomic force microscopy showed similar roughness of the surface for both protein heterostructures (14.5 and 11.3 nm, respectively) and globular morphology. Analysis of samples, using scanning electron microscopy, revealed a porous surface of 20-24 nm, whereas cross-section indicated a thickness between 3.6 and 3.8 mu m. The fluorescence peak at room temperature, corresponding to blue emission, was observed at 362-550 nm. This is due to the quantum confinement effect through the silicon. Raman measurement showed one Raman's peak, confirming that the prepared sample retained the crystallinity of bulk silicon; immobilization of proteins produced loss of crystallinity. Reflection spectra revealed the PS, changes in the refractive index profile at the interface of the PS, and the modified surface. C1 [Robles-Aguila, M. J.; Moreno, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Quim, CU, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Perez, K. S.; Silva-Gonzalez, R.] Benemerita Univ Auto noma Puebla, Inst Fis, Puebla 72570, Pue, Mexico. [Stojanoff, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Juarez-Santiesteban, H.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, CIDS ICUAP, Puebla 72570, Pue, Mexico. RP Moreno, A (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Quim, CU, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM carcamo@unam.mx FU Mexican Softmater Network (CONACyT); CONACYT [175924, 163153, MOD-ORD-14-11 PCI-648-0312]; DOE [GM-0080, DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX M.J. R-Athanks for the support and sponsorship as a postdosctoral given by the Mexican Softmater Network (CONACyT). The kind assistance or Dr. A. Mendez-Blas (Laboratory Electrochemical Process) and M.C Laura Serrano (Central Laboratory IFUAP) is higly appreciated. The authors A. M. and R. S. G. gratefully acknowledge financial support from CONACYT Projects Nos. 175924 and 163153, respectively. Preliminary X-ray diffraction experiments were carried out at the National Synchrotron Light Source supported by the NIGMS and DOE under contracts GM-0080 and DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors acknowledge the TXM picture carried out at the National Synchrotron Light Source by Yu-Chen Karen Chen-Wiegert performed on beamline X8C, Brookhaven National Laboratory. The support from CONACYT MOD-ORD-14-11 PCI-648-0312 is also appreciated. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-4522 EI 1573-482X J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 1354 EP 1360 DI 10.1007/s10854-014-1734-4 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA AB4EV UT WOS:000331743200034 ER PT J AU Ozga, K Fedorchuk, AO Lakshminarayana, G AF Ozga, K. Fedorchuk, A. O. Lakshminarayana, G. TI Light operated electrooptical materials based on the [(C2H5)(3)NH](2)CuCl4/polymer nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE PHASE; DERIVATIVES; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; CRYSTALS; COMPLEX AB In this work, we proposed a new type of nanocomposite materials which possess a possibility to be operated with respect to the electrooptical coefficients at 633 nm wavelength. The material is a [(C2H5)(3)NH](2)CuCl4/PMMA polymethylmethacrylate polymer nanocomposite. The operation is performed by external laser light at varied temperatures. The second harmonic generation of the Nd:YAG 532 nm pulsed laser with pulse duration 10 ns was used as a source of the photo-induced changes. At temperature about 320 K an enhancement of corresponding electrooptical response was observed. The effect was sensitive to the size of the corresponding nanocrystallites and the crystallite size was within the range 30-320 nm. The optimal content of the nanocrystallites is 12 % in weighting units. C1 [Ozga, K.] Czestochowa Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, PL-42200 Czestochowa, Poland. [Fedorchuk, A. O.] Lviv Natl Univ Vet Med & Biotechnol, Dept Inorgan & Organ Chem, UA-79010 Lvov, Ukraine. [Fedorchuk, A. O.] Ukrainian Acad Sci, Dept Physicochem Combustible Minerals, UA-79053 Lvov, Ukraine. [Lakshminarayana, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fedorchuk, AO (reprint author), Lviv Natl Univ Vet Med & Biotechnol, Dept Inorgan & Organ Chem, Pekarska St 50, UA-79010 Lvov, Ukraine. EM ft.1958@yahoo.co.uk FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education [IP2011 039671] FX This work was performed within a framework of National Grant and the authors wish to thank the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Grants No. IP2011 039671) for financial support. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-4522 EI 1573-482X J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 1460 EP 1465 DI 10.1007/s10854-014-1752-2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA AB4EV UT WOS:000331743200051 ER PT J AU Kim, DH Tamada, Y Ono, T Bader, SD Rozhkova, EA Novosad, V AF Kim, Dong-Hyun Tamada, Yoshinori Ono, Teruo Bader, Samuel D. Rozhkova, Elena A. Novosad, Valentyn TI The Effect of Ligands on FePt-Fe3O4 Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Magnetic Nanoparticles; Surface Functionalization; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid (DOPAC); Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA); FePt; Fe3O4 ID OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; FEPT NANOPARTICLES; CONTRAST AGENTS; MRI CONTRAST; DELIVERY; HYPERTHERMIA; SIZE AB FePt-Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles functionalized with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) ligands were synthesized and characterized. We found that the DOPAC ligand enhances the magnetic properties of the FePt-Fe3O4 particles, in comparison with the DMSA ligand, which induces the oxidation of the shell layer that causes a significant reduction of the saturation magnetization. The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were evaluated for applications in magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement. C1 [Kim, Dong-Hyun; Bader, Samuel D.; Novosad, Valentyn] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Tamada, Yoshinori; Ono, Teruo] Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji 6110011, Japan. [Bader, Samuel D.; Rozhkova, Elena A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rozhkova, EA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; OI Kim, Dong-Hyun/0000-0001-6815-3319 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U. S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 2648 EP 2652 DI 10.1166/jnn.2014.8471 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AB2LR UT WOS:000331624700075 PM 24745278 ER PT J AU Ramanathan, M Kilbey, SM Darling, SB AF Ramanathan, Muruganathan Kilbey, S. Michael, II Darling, Seth B. TI Process-Controlled Multiscale Morphologies in Metal-Containing Block Copolymer Thin Films SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Block Copolymer; Self-Assembly; Hybrid Annealing; Metal-Containing Polymer ID SEQUENTIAL INFILTRATION SYNTHESIS; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; LITHOGRAPHY; FABRICATION; TEMPLATES; DOMAINS; ARRAYS; ROUTE AB Poly(styrene-block-ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PS-b-PFS) is a metal-containing block copolymer that exhibits certain advantages as a scaffold for nanoporous membranes and as a mask for lithographic applications. These advantages include compatibility with a wide range of substrates, ease of control over domain morphologies and remarkable stability, which aid in the development of robust nanoporous networks or high-aspect-ratio patterns. An asymmetric cylinder-forming PS-b-PFS copolymer is subjected to different processing to manipulate the morphology of the phase-separated domains. Control of film structure and domain morphology is achieved by adjusting the film thickness, mode of annealing, and/or annealing time. Changing the process from thermal or solvent annealing to hybrid annealing (thermal and then solvent annealing in sequence) leads to the formation of mesoscale spherulitic and dendritic morphologies. In this communication, we show that reversing the order of the hybrid annealing (solvent annealing first and then thermal annealing) of relatively thick films (> 100 nm) on homogeneously thick substrates develops a discontinuous lamellar structure. Furthermore, the same processing applied on a substrate with a thin, mechanically flexible window in the center leads to the formation of sub-micron scale concentric ring patterns. Enhanced material mobility in the thick film during hybrid annealing along with dynamic rippling effects that may arise from the vibration of the thin window during spin casting are likely causes for these morphologies. C1 [Ramanathan, Muruganathan; Kilbey, S. Michael, II] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kilbey, S. Michael, II] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Darling, Seth B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Darling, Seth B.] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Ramanathan, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Partial support from the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy is greatly acknowledged. This work was performed in part at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 2653 EP 2657 DI 10.1166/jnn.2014.8481 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AB2LR UT WOS:000331624700076 PM 24745279 ER PT J AU Jiang, H Wang, JAJ AF Jiang, Hao Wang, Jy-An John TI Methodology for mechanical property testing of fuel cladding using an expanding plug wedge test SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB An analysis is presented to determine the stress-strain response of ring-shaped test specimen subjected to internal pressurization using a radially expanding plug. Previous work has been reviewed using this test method to determine the residual ductility of irradiated nuclear fuel cladding and highlight the role of several parameters on the distribution of stresses and the mode of failure. It is shown that bulging effect, which had previously not been accounted for, has a significant effect on the distribution of stresses and mode of failure. The new analysis provides guidelines for optimizing specimen geometry and loading conditions and a means for determining the hoop stress sigma(0) in the ring-shaped test specimen using a scaling factor, chi-factor, to convert the ring load F-ring into hoop stress sigma(0), and is written as sigma(0) = chi F-ring/tl, where t is the clad thickness and l is the clad length. The predicted stress-strain curves were found to agree well with experimental results for alloy Zr-4 over 10% strain. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Hao; Wang, Jy-An John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, JAJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangja@ornl.gov OI Wang, Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832 FU Fuel Qualification Program of the US Department of Energy; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This research was sponsored by the Fuel Qualification Program of the US Department of Energy and was carried out at Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 27 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.026 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400004 ER PT J AU Thompson, AE Meredig, B Stan, M Wolverton, C AF Thompson, Alexander E. Meredig, Bryce Stan, Marius Wolverton, C. TI Interatomic potential for accurate phonons and defects in UO2 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; NUCLEAR-FUELS; DIFFUSION; LATTICE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES AB We have developed an improved uranium dioxide interatomic potential by fitting to forces, energies, and stresses of first principles molecular dynamics calculations via a genetic algorithm approach called Iterative Potential Refinement (IPR). We compare the defect energetics and vibrational properties of the IPR-fit potential with other interatomic potentials, density functional theory calculations, and experimental phonon dispersions. We find that among previously published potentials examined, there is no potential that simultaneously yields accurate defect energetics and accurate vibrational properties. In contrast, our IPR-fit potential produces both accurate defects and the best agreement with the experimental phonon dispersion and phonon density of states. This combination of accurate properties makes this IPR-fit potential useful for simulating UO2 in high temperature, defect-rich environments typical for nuclear fuel. Additionally, we verify that density functional theory with a Hubbard U correction accurately reproduces the experimentally derived UO2 phonon density of states. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Thompson, Alexander E.; Meredig, Bryce; Wolverton, C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Stan, Marius] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wolverton, C (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM c-wolverton@northwestern.edu RI Wolverton, Christopher/B-7542-2009 NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 155 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.040 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400021 ER PT J AU Xiao, HY Weber, WJ Zhang, Y AF Xiao, H. Y. Weber, W. J. Zhang, Y. TI First-principles study of the stability and migration of Kr, I and Xe in ZrO2 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID URANIUM-DIOXIDE; DIFFUSION; ZIRCONIA; ADSORPTION; BEHAVIOR; CESIUM; BULK; TEMPERATURE; RH(111); SURFACE AB The stability and migration of Kr, I and Xe in bulk ZrO2 and on the ZrO2 (111) surface have been studied by standard density functional theory (DFT) and the DFT-D2 method that corrects for the van der Waals interaction. Both methods show that Kr and Xe prefer to incorporate in the bulk phase rather than adsorb on the surface, and Xe is very mobile in the bulk state. For Kr and Xe adsorption on the surface, van der Waals interaction dominates, causing the weak interaction between the adsorbate and substrate. Iodine is found to have comparable stability in both phases and forms < I-O > bonds with strong covalency. It exhibits higher mobility on the surface than in the bulk ZrO2, and diffusion from bulk-like state to surface state is an exothermic process. The fission product behavior in ZrO2 is shown to be a complicated synergetic effect of fission product atomic size, electron negativity, occupation site and phase structure of the host. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, H. Y.; Weber, W. J.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Weber, W. J.; Zhang, Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xiao, HY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hxiao@utk.edu RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 FU DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs FX This research is being performed using funding received from the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs. The theoretical calculations were performed using the supercomputer resources at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center located at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 172 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.044 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400023 ER PT J AU van Rooyen, IJ Lillo, TM Wu, YQ AF van Rooyen, I. J. Lillo, T. M. Wu, Y. Q. TI Identification of silver and palladium in irradiated TRISO coated particles of the AGR-1 experiment SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; FUEL-PARTICLES; DIFFUSION; BEHAVIOR; RELEASE AB Evidence of the release of certain metallic fission products through intact tristructural isotropic (TRISO) particles has been seen for decades around the world, as well as in the recent AGR-1 experiment at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). However, understanding the basic mechanism of transport is still lacking. This understanding is important because the TRISO coating is part of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor functional containment and critical for the safety strategy for licensing purposes. Our approach to identify fission products in irradiated AGR-1 TRISO fuel using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtered TEM (EFTEM), has led to first-of-a-kind data at the nano-scale indicating the presence of silver at triple-points and grain boundaries of the SiC layer in the TRISO particle. Cadmium was also found in the triple junctions. In this initial study, the silver was only identified in SiC grain boundaries and triple points on the edge of the SiC-IPyC interface up to a depth of approximately 0.5 mu m. Palladium was identified as the main constituent of micron-sized precipitates present at the SiC grain boundaries. Additionally spherical nano-sized palladium rich precipitates were found inside the SiC grains. No silver was found in the center of the micron-sized fission product precipitates using these techniques, although silver was found on the outer edge of one of the Pd-U-Si containing precipitates which was facing the IPyC layer. Only Pd-U containing precipitates were identified in the IPyC layer and no silver was identified in the IPyC layer. The identification of silver alongside the SiC grain boundaries and the findings of Pd inside the SiC grains and alongside SiC grain boundaries provide important information needed to understand silver and palladium transport in TRISO fuel, which has been the topic of international research for the past forty years. The findings reported in this paper may support the postulations of recent research that Ag transport may be driven by grain boundary diffusion. However, more work is needed to fully understand the transport mechanisms. Additionally, the usefulness of the advanced electron microscopic techniques for TRISO coated particle research is demonstrated in this paper. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [van Rooyen, I. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Lillo, T. M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Wu, Y. Q.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Wu, Y. Q.] Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA. RP van Rooyen, IJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Isabella.vanRooyen@inl.gov RI Lilllo, Thomas/S-5031-2016 OI Lilllo, Thomas/0000-0002-7572-7883 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. James Madden is acknowledged for the FIB sample preparation. David Petti, James Cole and Paul Demkowicz are thanked for the review of this document. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 178 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.028 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400024 ER PT J AU Gussev, MN Field, KG Busby, JT AF Gussev, M. N. Field, K. G. Busby, J. T. TI Strain-induced phase transformation at the surface of an AISI-304 stainless steel irradiated to 4.4 dpa and deformed to 0.8% strain SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; INDUCED MARTENSITE; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; DEFORMATION; EVOLUTION; TEM AB Surface relief due to localized deformation in a 4.4-dpa neutron-irradiated AISI 304 stainless steel was investigated using scanning electron microscopy coupled with electron backscattering diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. It was found a body-centered-cubic (BCC) phase (deformation-induced martensite) had formed at the surface of the deformed specimen along the steps generated from dislocation channels. Martensitic hill-like formations with widths of similar to 1 mu m and depths of several microns were observed at channels with heights greater than similar to 150 nm above the original surface. Martensite at dislocation channels was observed in grains along the [001]-[111] orientation but not in those along the [101] orientation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gussev, M. N.; Field, K. G.; Busby, J. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gussev, MN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gussevmn@ornl.gov RI Field, Kevin/K-1942-2013 OI Field, Kevin/0000-0002-3105-076X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, for the Light Water Reactor Sustainability Research and Development Effort; ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, for the Light Water Reactor Sustainability Research and Development Effort, and through a user project supported by ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors would like to thank Dr. G.S. Was and K.J. Stephenson (University of Michigan) for help with laser confocal measurements, Dr. C.M. Parish (ORNL) for the fruitful discussion of EBSD results, and D.P. Stevens (ORNL) for valuable help with manuscript preparation.; This manuscript has been authored by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication,. acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 187 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.041 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400025 ER PT J AU Zheng, GQ Xu, P Sridharan, K Allen, T AF Zheng, Guiqiu Xu, Peng Sridharan, Kumar Allen, Todd TI Characterization of structural defects in nuclear graphite IG-110 and NBG-18 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; GRADE GRAPHITE; MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; PORE STRUCTURE; DAMAGE; OXIDATION; DISORDER; CARBON AB Nuclear graphite IG-110 and NBC-18 were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) to understand the structure and microstructure of nuclear graphite. The lattice parameter (a), degree of graphitization ((g) over bar), crystallite size parallel and perpendicular to c-direction (L-c and L-perpendicular to), anisotropy (B), as well as in-plane crystallite size (L-a) were calculated and compared based on XRD patterns and Raman spectra. Results indicate that IG-110 has a larger crystallite size and higher degree of graphitization, but lower anisotropy than NBC-18. These differences are attributed to the properties of coke source and manufacturing processes. Additionally, the shape of the pores and crystallized filler particles, the interface between binders and fillers, Mrozowski cracks and nano-cracks, and the defects of disclination were observed and characterized from SEM and HR-TEM images. The similarities and differences in microstructure between IG-110 and NBG-18 are discussed. The results in this work provide useful information to guide selection of nuclear graphite for the design of next generation nuclear plants (NGNP). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Guiqiu; Sridharan, Kumar] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Xu, Peng] Westinghouse Elect Co, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. [Allen, Todd] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Zheng, GQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM guiqiuzheng@gmail.com RI Zheng, Guiqiu/G-7548-2015; OI Zheng, Guiqiu/0000-0002-5783-5848; Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259 NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.12.013 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400026 ER PT J AU Cantrell, KJ Um, W Williams, BD Bowden, ME Gartman, B Lukens, WW Buck, EC Mausolf, EJ AF Cantrell, Kirk J. Um, Wooyong Williams, Benjamin D. Bowden, Mark E. Gartman, Brandy Lukens, Wayne W. Buck, Edgar C. Mausolf, Edward J. TI Chemical stabilization of Hanford tank residual waste SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID URANYL OXIDE HYDRATE; SOLUBILITY MEASUREMENTS; RELEASE MODELS; BECQUERELITE; 241-C-204; CARBONATE; PHOSPHATE; IFEFFIT; PHASES; U(VI) AB Three different chemical treatment methods were tested for their ability to stabilize residual waste from Hanford tank C-202 for reducing contaminant release (Tc, Cr, and U in particular). The three treatment methods tested were lime addition [Ca(OH)(2)], an in situ Ceramicrete waste form based on chemically bonded phosphate ceramics, and a ferrous iron/goethite treatment. These approaches rely on formation of insoluble forms of the contaminants of concern (lime addition and Ceramicrete) and chemical reduction followed by co-precipitation (ferrous iron/goethite incorporation treatment). The results have demonstrated that release of uranium from tank residual wastes can be dramatically reduced after treatment compared to contact with simulated grout porewater without treatment. All three treatments methods reduced the leachable uranium concentrations by well over three orders of magnitude. In the case of uranium and technetium, released concentrations were well below their respective Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for the wastes tested. For tank C-202 residual waste, chromium release concentrations were above the MCL but were considerably reduced relative to untreated tank waste. This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize Hanford's tank retrieval process, by allowing larger volumes of residual waste to be left in tanks while providing an acceptably low level of risk with respect to contaminant release that is protective of the environment and human health. Such an approach could enable DOE to realize significant cost savings through streamlined retrieval and closure operations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cantrell, Kirk J.; Um, Wooyong; Williams, Benjamin D.; Bowden, Mark E.; Gartman, Brandy; Buck, Edgar C.; Mausolf, Edward J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Lukens, Wayne W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cantrell, KJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop P7-54, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM kirk.cantrell@pnnl.gov RI Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013 OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program within the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program within the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Part of this research was performed at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility at PNNL managed by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 446 IS 1-3 BP 246 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.060 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AB2ZZ UT WOS:000331662400033 ER PT J AU Brandao, P dos Santos, AM Paixao, LS Reis, MS AF Brandao, P. dos Santos, A. M. Paixao, L. S. Reis, M. S. TI Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of a manganese (II) silicate containing frustrated S=5/2 zig-zag ladders SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Hydrothermal synthesis; Serandite mineral; Manganese silicate; Magnetic chain ID CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; TRANSITION; SERANDITE; PECTOLITE; DIFFRACTION; CUGEO3; SERIES; SYSTEM; MN; CU AB The hydrothermal synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties of a manganese silicate with ideal formula of NaMn2Si3O8(OH) is reported. This compound is a synthetic analog to the naturally occurring mineral Serandite. The crystal structure comprises MnO6 octahedra and SiO4 tetrahedra. The MnO6 share four edges with neighboring octahedra forming double chains. These chains are connected by silicate chains Si3O8(OH) resulting in an open framework structure with six-member ring channels where sodium ions are located. From the magnetic point of view, the intra-chain exchange between neighboring S=5/2 manganese ions is weak, partly due to the distortion observed in the octahedra, but also due to the frustrated topology of the chain. A successful fitting of the magnetic susceptibility was obtained by considering a double chain numerical model with Monte Carlo derived empirical parameters. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Brandao, P.] Univ Aveiro, Dept Quim, CICECO, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [dos Santos, A. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Paixao, L. S.; Reis, M. S.] Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Fis, BR-24210346 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. RP Brandao, P (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Quim, CICECO, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. EM pbrandao@ua.pt RI Brandao, Paula/J-3759-2013; dos Santos, Antonio/A-5602-2016; Paixao, Lucas/D-4072-2016 OI Brandao, Paula/0000-0002-4746-6073; dos Santos, Antonio/0000-0001-6900-0816; Paixao, Lucas/0000-0001-5419-4953 FU European Union; QREN; FEDER; COMPETE; FCT; collaboration project FCT/CAPES; CICECO [pEstc/CTM/LA001/2011]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; Brazilian agency: CAPES; Brazilian agency: CNPq; Brazilian agency: FAPERJ; Brazilian agency: PROPPi-UFF FX The authors acknowledge European Union, QREN, FEDER, COMPETE, FCT, collaboration project FCT/CAPES and CICECO (pEstc/CTM/LA001/2011 for financial support). M.S.R. acknowledge Brazilian agencies: CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and PROPPi-UFF. Research conducted at ORNL's SNS was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 211 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.12.013 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AB3JF UT WOS:000331686400019 ER PT J AU Fuchs, MR Pradervand, C Thominet, V Schneider, R Panepucci, E Grunder, M Gabadinho, J Dworkowski, FSN Tomizaki, T Schneider, J Mayer, A Curtin, A Olieric, V Frommherz, U Kotrle, G Welte, J Wang, XY Maag, S Schulze-Briese, C Wang, MT AF Fuchs, Martin R. Pradervand, Claude Thominet, Vincent Schneider, Roman Panepucci, Ezequiel Grunder, Marcel Gabadinho, Jose Dworkowski, Florian S. N. Tomizaki, Takashi Schneider, Joerg Mayer, Aline Curtin, Adrian Olieric, Vincent Frommherz, Uli Kotrle, Goran Welte, Joerg Wang, Xinyu Maag, Stephan Schulze-Briese, Clemens Wang, Meitian TI D3, the new diffractometer for the macromolecular crystallography beamlines of the Swiss Light Source SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE macromolecular crystallography; diffractometer; microspectrophotometer; microcrystallography; beamline endstation ID MICRO-CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; COLD-STREAM; PROTEIN; FLUORESCENCE AB A new diffractometer for microcrystallography has been developed for the three macromolecular crystallography beamlines of the Swiss Light Source. Building upon and critically extending previous developments realised for the high-resolution endstations of the two undulator beamlines X06SA and X10SA, as well as the super-bend dipole beamline X06DA, the new diffractometer was designed to the following core design goals. (i) Redesign of the goniometer to a sub-micrometer peak-to-peak cylinder of confusion for the horizontal single axis. Crystal sizes down to at least 5 mm and advanced sample-rastering and scanning modes are supported. In addition, it can accommodate the new multi-axis goniometer PRIGo (Parallel Robotics Inspired Goniometer). (ii) A rapid-change beam-shaping element system with aperture sizes down to a minimum of 10 mm for microcrystallography measurements. (iii) Integration of the on-axis microspectrophotometer MS3 for microscopic sample imaging with 1 mm image resolution. Its multi-mode optical spectroscopy module is always online and supports in situ UV/Vis absorption, fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. (iv) High stability of the sample environment by a mineral cast support construction and by close containment of the cryo-stream. Further features are the support for in situ crystallization plate screening and a minimal achievable detector distance of 120 mm for the Pilatus 6M, 2M and the macromolecular crystallography group's planned future area detector Eiger 16M. C1 [Fuchs, Martin R.; Pradervand, Claude; Thominet, Vincent; Schneider, Roman; Panepucci, Ezequiel; Grunder, Marcel; Gabadinho, Jose; Dworkowski, Florian S. N.; Tomizaki, Takashi; Schneider, Joerg; Mayer, Aline; Curtin, Adrian; Olieric, Vincent; Frommherz, Uli; Kotrle, Goran; Welte, Joerg; Wang, Xinyu; Maag, Stephan; Wang, Meitian] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Fuchs, Martin R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Schulze-Briese, Clemens] DECTRIS Ltd, CH-5400 Baden, Switzerland. RP Fuchs, MR (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. EM mfuchs@bnl.gov RI Olieric, Vincent/D-1078-2011; Dworkowski, Florian/D-2807-2011; OI Dworkowski, Florian/0000-0001-5004-8684; Curtin, Adrian/0000-0002-7108-7057 FU Max Planck Society (MPG); Novartis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche FX We thank the X10SA beamline partners, i.e. the Max Planck Society (MPG) and the pharmaceutical companies Novartis and F. Hoffmann-La Roche, for funding and for valuable input and feedback, the PSI manufacturing group, Ludwig Paly and his team, for great support, Johan Wickstrom for helpful input in planning the diffractometer table, the alignment group, Karsten Dreyer and his team, for aligning the system, Elmar Zehnder, Beat Sommer and the electrician team for installing the electrical systems, Max Muller and his team for help with the technical installation, and Faselli Coulibaly for providing microcrystals for testing the microscope. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0909-0495 EI 1600-5775 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 BP 340 EP 351 DI 10.1107/S160057751400006X PN 2 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA AB5OA UT WOS:000331836900006 PM 24562555 ER PT J AU Oliver, BV Oliver, RM AF Oliver, B. V. Oliver, R. M. TI Optimal ROE loan pricing with or without adverse selection SO JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE risk-based pricing; loan pricing; risk scores; response scores; banking; finance AB The authors describe the structural solution of the loan rate as a function of default and response risk that maximizes expected return on equity for a lender's portfolio of risky loans. Under the assumptions of our model, the non-linear differential equation for the optimizing price is found to be separable in transformed financial, response and risk variables. With an end-point condition where default-free borrowers are willing to borrow at loan rates higher than the lender's cost of funds, general solutions are obtained for cases where default probabilities may depend explicitly on the offered loan rate and where adverse selection may or may not be present. For the general solution, we suggest a numerical algorithm that involves the sequential solutions of two separate transcendental equations each one of which depends on parameters of the risk and response scores. For the special case where the borrower's default probability is conditionally independent of loan rate, it is shown that the optimal solution is independent of Basel regulations on equity capital. C1 [Oliver, B. V.] Sandia Corp, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Oliver, R. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94707 USA. RP Oliver, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 260 Southampton Ave, Berkeley, CA 94707 USA. EM bvolive@sandia.gov; oliver@ieor.Berkeley.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0160-5682 EI 1476-9360 J9 J OPER RES SOC JI J. Oper. Res. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 IS 3 SI SI BP 435 EP 442 DI 10.1057/jors.2012.87 PG 8 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA AB2JI UT WOS:000331618600011 ER PT J AU Jouvel, S Abdalla, FB Kirk, D Lahav, O Lin, H Annis, J Kron, R Frieman, JA AF Jouvel, S. Abdalla, F. B. Kirk, D. Lahav, O. Lin, H. Annis, J. Kron, R. Frieman, J. A. TI Optimizing spectroscopic and photometric galaxy surveys: efficient target selection and survey strategy SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE surveys; cosmology: observations ID DARK ENERGY SURVEY; ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATION SURVEYS; WEAK-LENSING TOMOGRAPHY; COSMIC SHEAR; DEEP SURVEY; INTRINSIC ALIGNMENTS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; STAR-FORMATION; SDSS-III; COSMOLOGY AB The next generation of spectroscopic surveys will have a wealth of photometric data available for use in target selection. Selecting the best targets is likely to be one of the most important hurdles in making these spectroscopic campaigns as successful as possible. Our ability to measure dark energy depends strongly on the types of targets that we are able to select with a given photometric data set. We show in this paper that we will be able to successfully select the targets needed for the next generation of spectroscopic surveys. We also investigate the details of this selection, including optimization of instrument design and survey strategy in order to measure dark energy. We use colour-colour selection as well as neural networks to select the best possible emission-line galaxies and luminous red galaxies for a cosmological survey. Using the Fisher matrix formalism, we forecast the efficiency of each target selection scenarios. We show how the dark energy figures of merit change in each target selection regime as a function of target type, survey time, survey density and other survey parameters. We outline the optimal target selection scenarios and survey strategy choices which will be available to the next generation of spectroscopic surveys. C1 [Jouvel, S.] Inst Ciencias Espai IEEC CSIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. [Jouvel, S.; Abdalla, F. B.; Kirk, D.; Lahav, O.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Lin, H.; Annis, J.; Kron, R.; Frieman, J. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Frieman, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frieman, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jouvel, S (reprint author), Inst Ciencias Espai IEEC CSIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. EM jouvel@ice.cat OI Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345 FU Consolider-Ingenio [CSD2007-00060]; EC Marie Curie Initial Training Network CosmoComp [PITN-GA-2009-238356]; Generalitat de Catalunya [2009-SGR-1398]; Royal Society; [AYA2009-13936] FX The authors thank the DESpec collaboration for their useful discussions which helped develop this work. Funding for this project was partially provided by the Spanish project AYA2009-13936, Consolider-Ingenio CSD2007-00060, EC Marie Curie Initial Training Network CosmoComp (PITN-GA-2009-238356) and research project 2009-SGR-1398 from Generalitat de Catalunya. FBA thanks the Royal Society for support via an URF. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 438 IS 3 BP 2218 EP 2232 DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2371 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AB6DE UT WOS:000331877000019 ER PT J AU Zhou, L Bosscher, M Zhang, CS Ozcubukcu, S Zhang, L Zhang, W Li, CJ Liu, JZ Jensen, MP Lai, LH He, C AF Zhou, Lu Bosscher, Mike Zhang, Changsheng Oezcubukcu, Salih Zhang, Liang Zhang, Wen Li, Charles J. Liu, Jianzhao Jensen, Mark P. Lai, Luhua He, Chuan TI A protein engineered to bind uranyl selectively and with femtomolar affinity SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ENZYME DESIGN; SEA-WATER; URANIUM; EXTRACTION; SEAWATER; ION; METALLOPROTEINS; FORMS AB Uranyl (UO22+), the predominant aerobic form of uranium, is present in the ocean at a concentration of similar to 3.2 parts per 10(9) (13.7 nM); however, the successful enrichment of uranyl from this vast resource has been limited by the high concentrations of metal ions of similar size and charge, which makes it difficult to design a binding motif that is selective for uranyl. Here we report the design and rational development of a uranyl-binding protein using a computational screening process in the initial search for potential uranyl-binding sites. The engineered protein is thermally stable and offers very high affinity and selectivity for uranyl with a K-d of 7.4 femtomolar (fM) and >10,000-fold selectivity over other metal ions. We also demonstrated that the uranyl-binding protein can repeatedly sequester 30-60% of the uranyl in synthetic sea water. The chemical strategy employed here may be applied to engineer other selective metal-binding proteins for biotechnology and remediation applications. C1 [Zhou, Lu; Bosscher, Mike; Oezcubukcu, Salih; Zhang, Liang; Zhang, Wen; Li, Charles J.; Liu, Jianzhao; He, Chuan] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Zhou, Lu; Bosscher, Mike; Oezcubukcu, Salih; Zhang, Liang; Zhang, Wen; Li, Charles J.; Liu, Jianzhao; He, Chuan] Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Zhang, Changsheng; Lai, Luhua] Peking Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Struct Chem Unstable & Stable Speci, BNLMS, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Changsheng; Lai, Luhua] Peking Univ, Ctr Quantitat Biol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Changsheng; Lai, Luhua] Peking Univ, Ctr Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Jensen, Mark P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lai, LH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Struct Chem Unstable & Stable Speci, BNLMS, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM lhlai@pku.edu.cn; chuanhe@uchicago.edu RI Liu, Jianzhao/E-9165-2011; Zhang, Liang/F-8064-2013; Jensen, Mark/G-9131-2012 OI Liu, Jianzhao/0000-0001-9465-6075; Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER15865]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy at Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Dreyfus Foundation Postdoctoral Program in Environmental Chemistry; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2009CB918500]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [21173013, 11021463]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy, under contract number DE-FG02-07ER15865 to C.H., and at Argonne National Laboratory (M.J.) under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357, the Dreyfus Foundation Postdoctoral Program in Environmental Chemistry to S.O., the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2009CB918500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21173013, 11021463) to L.L. Use of the Advanced Photon Source for protein crystallography data collection at beamlines LS/CA-CAT (21-ID-F) and NE-CAT (24-ID-C) was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank S. F. Reichard for editing the manuscript and C. Yang and L. Lan for experimental support. NR 37 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 14 U2 150 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 EI 1755-4349 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 236 EP 241 DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1856 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AB7EJ UT WOS:000331951800014 PM 24557139 ER PT J AU Brandizzi, F Barlowe, C AF Brandizzi, Federica Barlowe, Charles TI ER-Golgi transport: authors' response SO NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Barlowe, Charles] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Barlowe, C (reprint author), Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM charles.barlowe@dartmouth.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1471-0072 EI 1471-0080 J9 NAT REV MOL CELL BIO JI Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 DI 10.1038/nrm3588-c2 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA AB7VZ UT WOS:000332000300002 ER PT J AU Haskey, SR Lanctot, MJ Liu, YQ Hanson, JM Blackwell, BD Nazikian, R AF Haskey, S. R. Lanctot, M. J. Liu, Y. Q. Hanson, J. M. Blackwell, B. D. Nazikian, R. TI Linear ideal MHD predictions for n=2 non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbations on DIII-D SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article DE edge localized modes; resonant magnetic perturbations; magnetohydrodynamics; tokamaks; toroidal plasma confinement ID RESISTIVE WALL MODES; D TOKAMAK; PLASMA RESPONSE; SIMULATION; STABILITY; PHYSICS; COILS; CODE AB An extensive examination of the plasma response to dominantly n = 2 non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbations (MPs) on the DIII-D tokamak shows the potential to control 3D field interactions by varying the poloidal spectrum of the radial magnetic field. The plasma response is calculated as a function of the applied magnetic field structure and plasma parameters, using the linear magnetohydrodynamic code MARS-F (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 3681). The ideal, single fluid plasma response is decomposed into two main components: a local pitch-resonant response occurring at rational magnetic flux surfaces, and a global kink response. The efficiency with which the field couples to the total plasma response is determined by the safety factor and the structure of the applied field. In many cases, control of the applied field has a more significant effect than control of plasma parameters, which is of particular interest since it can be modified at will throughout a shot to achieve a desired effect. The presence of toroidal harmonics, other than the dominant n = 2 component, is examined revealing a significant n = 4 component in the perturbations applied by the DIII-D MP coils; however, modeling shows the plasma responses to n = 4 perturbations are substantially smaller than the dominant n = 2 responses in most situations. C1 [Haskey, S. R.; Blackwell, B. D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, Plasma Res Lab, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Lanctot, M. J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Liu, Y. Q.] Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Hanson, J. M.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Nazikian, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Haskey, SR (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, Plasma Res Lab, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM shaun.haskey@anu.edu.au RI Haskey, Shaun/M-1469-2015; Blackwell, Boyd/M-2717-2015; Lanctot, Matthew J/O-4979-2016 OI Haskey, Shaun/0000-0002-9978-6597; Blackwell, Boyd/0000-0002-9091-9269; Lanctot, Matthew J/0000-0002-7396-3372 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-04ER54541, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-04ER54541 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. The authors wish to thank Drs A D Turnbull and M J Schaffer for several insightful discussions and the referee's for comments that helped clarify the ideas in this paper. SRH wishes to thank AINSE Ltd for providing financial assistance to enable this work to be conducted. NR 44 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 56 IS 3 AR 035005 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/56/3/035005 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB6KE UT WOS:000331896200005 ER PT J AU Wright, JC Bertelli, N AF Wright, J. C. Bertelli, N. TI The effects of finite electron temperature and diffraction on lower hybrid wave propagation SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article DE lowerhybrid; diffraction; fullwave; ray tracing ID PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CURRENT DRIVE; SIMULATIONS; ABSORPTION; CODE AB In this paper we show that the commonly used cold plasma dispersion relation for plasma waves in the lower hybrid range of frequencies (LHRF) produces a wave trajectory that is notably different than when thermal corrections to the Hermitian part of the dielectric tensor are retained. This is in contrast to the common implementation in LH simulation codes in which thermal effects are retained only for the anti-Hermitian part of the dielectric tensor used for damping calculations. We show which term is the critical one to retain in the dielectric tensor and discuss implications for modeling of LHRF waves in present day and future devices. We conclude with some observations on the effects of diffraction that may be isolated once thermal effects are retained in both ray tracing and full-wave approaches. C1 [Wright, J. C.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bertelli, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Wright, JC (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jcwright@mit.edu FU SciDAC Center for Wave-Plasma Interactions [DE-FC02-01ER54648]; US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-CH0911466] FX We thank Paul Bonoli for helpful comments in the development of this paper. This work was supported by the SciDAC Center for Wave-Plasma Interactions Contract No DE-FC02-01ER54648 and US Department of Energy (DOE) Contract DE-AC02-CH0911466. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 EI 1361-6587 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAR PY 2014 VL 56 IS 3 AR 035006 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/56/3 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA AB6KE UT WOS:000331896200006 ER PT J AU Peng, J Rong, G Cai, M Wang, XJ Zhou, CB AF Peng, Jun Rong, Guan Cai, Ming Wang, Xiaojiang Zhou, Chuangbing TI An Empirical Failure Criterion for Intact Rocks SO ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Hoek-Brown failure criterion; Triaxial compression test; Material parameter m(i); Confining pressure; Rock strength ID GSI SYSTEM; HARD-ROCK; STRENGTH; FRACTURE; MASSES; DAMAGE; COMPRESSION; GRANITE; LAC AB The parameter m (i) is an important rock property parameter required for use of the Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The conventional method for determining m (i) is to fit a series of triaxial compression test data. In the absence of laboratory test data, guideline charts have been provided by Hoek to estimate the m (i) value. In the conventional Hoek-Brown failure criterion, the m (i) value is a constant for a given rock. It is observed that using a constant m (i) may not fit the triaxial compression test data well for some rocks. In this paper, a negative exponent empirical model is proposed to express m (i) as a function of confinement, and this exercise leads us to a new empirical failure criterion for intact rocks. Triaxial compression test data of various rocks are used to fit parameters of this model. It is seen that the new empirical failure criterion fits the test data better than the conventional Hoek-Brown failure criterion for intact rocks. The conventional Hoek-Brown criterion fits the test data well in the high-confinement region but fails to match data well in the low-confinement and tension regions. In particular, it overestimates the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and the uniaxial tensile strength of rocks. On the other hand, curves fitted by the proposed empirical failure criterion match test data very well, and the estimated UCS and tensile strength agree well with test data. C1 [Peng, Jun; Rong, Guan; Wang, Xiaojiang; Zhou, Chuangbing] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Rong, Guan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cai, Ming] Laurentian Univ, Bharti Sch Engn, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. RP Peng, J (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM pengiun2010@gmail.com RI Zhou, Chuangbing/A-6964-2015; Zhou, Chuang-Bing/B-4254-2017 OI Zhou, Chuangbing/0000-0002-0114-735X; FU National Basic Research Program of China ("973'' Program) [2011CB013501, 2010CB732005]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50979081]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-11-0406]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2012206020215] FX The research work presented in this paper is sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China ("973'' Program, grant nos. 2011CB013501 and 2010CB732005), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 50979081), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (grant no. NCET-11-0406), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant no. 2012206020215). The authors are grateful for this financial support. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 9 U2 50 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0723-2632 EI 1434-453X J9 ROCK MECH ROCK ENG JI Rock Mech. Rock Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 BP 347 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s00603-012-0355-6 PG 10 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA AB3SJ UT WOS:000331710200003 ER PT J AU Pan, PZ Rutqvist, J Feng, XT Yan, F AF Pan, Peng-Zhi Rutqvist, Jonny Feng, Xia-Ting Yan, Fei TI An Approach for Modeling Rock Discontinuous Mechanical Behavior Under Multiphase Fluid Flow Conditions SO ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Rock discontinuous cellular automaton; TOUGH2; CO2 injection; Discontinuity; Multiphase flow ID ELASTOPLASTIC CELLULAR-AUTOMATON; SALINE AQUIFERS; FRACTURED ROCK; CO2 STORAGE; MEDIA; SIMULATION; BRINE; HEAT; CODE AB In this paper, the two computer codes TOUGH2 and RDCA (for "rock discontinuous cellular automaton") are integrated for coupled hydromechanical analysis of multiphase fluid flow and discontinuous mechanical behavior in heterogeneous rock. TOUGH2 is a well-established code for geohydrological analysis involving multiphase, multicomponent fluid flow and heat transport; RDCA is a numerical model developed for simulating the nonlinear and discontinuous geomechanical behavior of rock. The RDCA incorporates the discontinuity of a fracture independently of the mesh, such that the fracture can be arbitrarily located within an element, while the fluid pressure calculated by TOUGH2 can be conveniently applied to fracture surfaces. We verify and demonstrate the coupled TOUGH-RDCA simulator by modeling a number of simulation examples related to coupled multiphase flow and geomechanical processes associated with the deep geological storage of carbon dioxide-including modeling of ground surface uplift, stress-dependent permeability, and the coupled multiphase flow and geomechanical behavior of fractures intersecting the caprock. C1 [Pan, Peng-Zhi; Feng, Xia-Ting; Yan, Fei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. [Pan, Peng-Zhi; Rutqvist, Jonny] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pan, PZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. EM pzpan@whrsm.ac.cn RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10972231, 41272349, 11002154]; National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732006]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was finically supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10972231, 41272349, 11002154) and the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2010CB732006, and in part, supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Daniel Hawkes at LBNL for reviewing the initial version of the paper. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0723-2632 EI 1434-453X J9 ROCK MECH ROCK ENG JI Rock Mech. Rock Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 BP 589 EP 603 DI 10.1007/s00603-013-0428-1 PG 15 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA AB3SJ UT WOS:000331710200020 ER PT J AU Nguyen, MC Zhao, X Wang, YG Wang, CZ Ho, KM AF Manh Cuong Nguyen Zhao, Xin Wang, Yangang Wang, Cai-Zhuang Ho, Kai-Ming TI Genetic algorithm prediction of crystal structure of metastable Si-IX phase SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Si metastable structure; Structural properties; Genetic algorithm; First-principles calculations ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; SILICON AB We performed genetic algorithm search for the atomic structure of the long Lime unsolved Si-IX phase. We found two new structures with space groups of P4(2)/m and P-4, respectively, which have lattice parameters in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The phonon calculations showed that the P4(2)/m structure exhibits a soft phonon mode, while the P-4 structure is dynamically stable. Our calculation also showed that the P-4 structure is a meta-stable structure in a pressure range from 0 to 40 GPa, The Si-IX phase could be a mixed phase consisting of the P4(2)/m and the P-4 structures. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Manh Cuong Nguyen; Zhao, Xin; Wang, Yangang; Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Ho, Kai-Ming] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Manh Cuong Nguyen; Zhao, Xin; Wang, Yangang; Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Ho, Kai-Ming] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, Yangang] Chinese Acad Sci, Supercomp Ctr, Comp Network Informat Ctr, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. RP Nguyen, MC (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Nguyen, Manh Cuong/G-2783-2015; OI Nguyen, Manh Cuong/0000-0001-8027-9029; Zhao, Xin/0000-0002-3580-512X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, including a grant of computer time at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Centre (NERSC) in Berkeley, CA under Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 182 BP 14 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.005 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AB2PZ UT WOS:000331635900004 ER PT J AU Duffort, V Caignaert, V Pralong, V Raveau, B Suchomel, MR Mitchell, JF AF Duffort, V. Caignaert, Vincent Pralong, V. Raveau, B. Suchomel, M. R. Mitchell, J. F. TI Photo-induced low temperature structural transition in the "114" YBaFe4O7 oxide SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Photo-induced transition; Iron oxide; Powder diffraction; 114 structure ID T-C; MAGNETISM; YBACO4O7 AB Synchrotron irradiation of the oxide YBaFe4O7.0 below 190 K converts the low temperature monoclinic structure to a higher symmetry tetragonal form analogous to the room temperature structure. This photo-induced metastable tetragonal form is stable even in the absence of irradiation over the range 4-60 K, however, above 60 K the photo-transition is reversible. These structural phenomena are correlated to the magnetic behaviour of this system, suggesting possible spin-lattice coupling. A scenario explaining the low temperature photo-induced transition is proposed, based on the different distributions of the valence electrons in the iron sub-lattice of the monoclinic and tetragonal phases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved C1 [Duffort, V.; Caignaert, Vincent; Pralong, V.; Raveau, B.] ENSICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, F-14050 Caen, France. [Suchomel, M. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mitchell, J. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Caignaert, V (reprint author), ENSICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6 Bd Marechal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France. EM vincent.caignaert@ensicaen.fr RI Suchomel, Matthew/C-5491-2015; OI SUCHOMEL, Matthew/0000-0002-9500-5079; DUFFORT, Victor/0000-0002-9851-0310 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Argonne National Laboratory's work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. VD is grateful to A. Cervellino for his assistance with the X04SA beamline. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 182 BP 22 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.11.006 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AB2PZ UT WOS:000331635900006 ER PT J AU Parker, D Singh, DJ AF Parker, David Singh, David J. TI High temperature thermoelectric properties of rock-salt structure PbS SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Semiconductors; Thermoelectrics; Transport Properties; Seebeck coefficient ID FILLED SKUTTERUDITES; PERFORMANCE; FIGURE; MERIT; PBTE; NANOSTRUCTURES; TELLURIDE; SNTE AB We present an analysis of the high temperature transport properties of rock-salt structure PbS, a sister compound to the better studied lead chalcogenides PbSe and PbTe. We find thermopower magnitudes exceeding 200 mu V/K in a wide doping range for temperatures of 800 K and above. Based on these calculations, and an analysis of recent experimental work, we find that this material has a potential for high thermoelectric performance. We also find favorable mechanical properties, based on an analysis of published data. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Parker, David; Singh, David J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Parker, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM parkerds@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, EERE, Vehicle Technologies, Propulsion Materials Program; Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, EERE, Vehicle Technologies, Propulsion Materials Program (D.P.), and the Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award no. DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577 (D.J.S.). NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 75 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 182 BP 34 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.008 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AB2PZ UT WOS:000331635900009 ER PT J AU Elkin, FS Zibrov, IP Novikov, AP Khasanov, SS Sidorov, VA Petrova, AE Lograsso, TA Thompson, JD Stishov, SM AF Elkin, F. S. Zibrov, I. P. Novikov, A. P. Khasanov, S. S. Sidorov, V. A. Petrova, A. E. Lograsso, T. A. Thompson, J. D. Stishov, S. M. TI Thermodynamics of the ferromagnetic phase transition in nearly half metallic CoS2 at high pressures SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Half-metal; Phase transition; X-ray; Specific heat ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; PYRITE STRUCTURE AB The volume change and heat capacity at the ferromagnetic phase transition in COS2 were measured at high pressures using X-rays generated by the Argonne synchrotron light source and by ac-calorimetry, respectively. The transition entropy, calculated on the basis of these experimental data, drops along the transition line due to quantum degradation, as required by Nernst's law. The volume change increases strongly along the transition line, which is explained by specifics of the compressibility difference of coexisting phases that results from nearly half metallic nature of the ferromagnetic phase of COS2. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Elkin, F. S.; Zibrov, I. P.; Novikov, A. P.; Sidorov, V. A.; Petrova, A. E.; Stishov, S. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys Russian, Troitsk, Russia. [Khasanov, S. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia. [Lograsso, T. A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Thompson, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stishov, SM (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys Russian, Troitsk, Russia. EM sergei@hppi.troitsk.ru RI Khasanov, Salavat/R-8690-2016 FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-02-00376-a]; Program of the Physics Department of RAS on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems; Program of the Presidium of RAS on Strongly Compressed Matter; DOE-NNSA [DE-NA0001974]; DOE-BES [DE-FG02-99ER45775]; NSF FX This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant 12-02-00376-a), Program of the Physics Department of RAS on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems and Program of the Presidium of RAS on Strongly Compressed Matter. Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. TA,L. wish to acknowledge research performed at Ames Laboratory. Ames laboratory is operated for the U.S, Department of Energy by Iowa State University. A portion of this work was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA under Award no. DE-NA0001974 and DOE-BES under Award no. DE-FG02-99ER45775, with partial instrumentation funding by NSF. APS is supported by DOE-BES, under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. F.E and I.Z greatly appreciate help of C. Kenney-Benson, D. Ikuta and D. Popov. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 181 BP 41 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.001 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AB2PL UT WOS:000331634500009 ER PT J AU Glaeser, RM Muller, H AF Glaeser, Robert M. Mueller, Holger TI Generalization of the Matsumoto-Tonomura approximation for the phase shift within an open aperture SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Aperture; Charging; Phase contrast ID PLATE; TEM AB As shown by Matsumoto and Tonomura. the phase shift imposed on an electron beam by an electrostatic phase plate is constant for all (straight) electron trajectories passing through a circular aperture, provided that (1) the electric held goes to zero at distances far above and below the aperture and (2) the value of the phase shift at the boundary (i.e perimeter of the aperture) is constant [5]. We now point out that the I esult can be valid for any shape of the hole in the aperture, and, furthermore, it requires only that the electric held is equal and opposite at large distances above and below the aperture, respectively. We also point out that the conditions of validity of the Matsumoto-Tonomura approximation constrain the phase shift across the open aperture to a quadratic algebraic form when the phase shift is not constant around the perimeter. Finally, it follows that the projection approximation for calculating the phase shift must fail for strong phase shifts of higher than quadratic form. These extensions of the original result of Matsumoto and Tonomura give further insight to the analysis of charging phenomena observed with apertures that are designed to produce contrast in in-focus images of weak phase objects. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Glaeser, Robert M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mueller, Holger] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glaeser, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rmglaeser@lbl.gov RI Mueller, Holger/E-3194-2015 FU NIH [GM083039]; NSF [029907-002] FX This work was supported in part by NIH grant GM083039 and by NSF award #029907-002. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 EI 1879-2723 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 138 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.11.009 PG 3 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA AB3VT UT WOS:000331719000001 PM 24333773 ER PT J AU Gao, L Ding, XD Zong, HX Lookman, T Sun, J Ren, XB Saxena, A AF Gao, Lei Ding, Xiangdong Zong, Hongxiang Lookman, Turab Sun, Jun Ren, Xiaobing Saxena, Avadh TI Diffuse scattering as an indicator for martensitic variant selection SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Precursor phenomena; Martensitic transformation; Diffuse scattering; Molecular dynamics simulations ID R-PHASE TRANSFORMATION; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; NI-BASED ALLOYS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PRECURSOR PHENOMENA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; MICROSTRUCTURES; SIMULATION; ZIRCONIUM AB Diffuse scattering is an important precursor phenomenon prior to the martensitic transformation (MT). It is related to the correlated atomic position fluctuations prior to the MT and can provide important hints of the transformation mechanism. However, the role of this precursor phenomenon in the MT is not clear so far. Here we study the evolution of diffraction patterns prior to temperature- and stress-induced MTs and consider the evolution of atomic configurations during the whole MT process, using molecular dynamics simulations on a generic body-centered cubic hexagonal close-packed transformation as an example. Our results show that, although the diffuse scattering changes with external fields, there exists a general relationship between the transformation pathways, the diffuse scattering streaks and the martensitic products. Two preferred transformation pathways with opposite shuffle directions lead to a single specific diffuse scattering streak prior to the MT and form one pair of anti-variants after the MT. Thus the distribution of diffuse scattering acts as an indicator of the selection of martensitic variants. In addition, we find that the applied stress can change the shear order parameter of the phase transformation, and subsequently determines the preferred transformation pathways and the distribution of diffuse scattering streaks. This work establishes a relationship between the transformation mechanism, the precursor phenomenon and the products after the MT under the influence of external fields. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Lei; Ding, Xiangdong; Zong, Hongxiang; Sun, Jun; Ren, Xiaobing] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Mech Behav Mat, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Ding, Xiangdong; Lookman, Turab; Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ren, Xiaobing] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Ferro Phys Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan. RP Ding, XD (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Mech Behav Mat, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. EM dingxd@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; txl@lanl.gov RI Ren, Xiaobing/B-6072-2009; Ding, Xiangdong/K-4971-2013 OI Ren, Xiaobing/0000-0002-4973-2486; Ding, Xiangdong/0000-0002-1220-3097 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51171140, 51231008, 51320105014, 51321003]; National Basic Research program of China [2010CB631003, 2012CB619402, 2012CB619401]; Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities in China project [B06025]; US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We are grateful to the Natural Science Foundation of China (51171140, 51231008, 51320105014 and 51321003), the National Basic Research program of China (2010CB631003, 2012CB619402 and 2012CB619401) and the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities in China project (B06025) for their support. X.D., T.L. and A.S. thank the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under grant (DE-AC52-06NA25396) NR 31 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.11.068 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA AA9OK UT WOS:000331422600008 ER PT J AU Ungar, T Stoica, AD Tichy, G Wang, XL AF Ungar, Tamas Stoica, Alexandru D. Tichy, Geza Wang, Xun-Li TI Orientation-dependent evolution of the dislocation density in grain populations with different crystallographic orientations relative to the tensile axis in a polycrystalline aggregate of stainless steel SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE In situ neutron diffraction; Line-profile analysis; hkl-Dependent dislocation density; Work-hardening; Taylor equation ID LINE-PROFILE ANALYSIS; VON KUPFER-EINKRISTALLEN; X-RAY; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; STRAIN AMPLITUDE; LATTICE STRAINS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; FLOW-STRESS; CONTRAST; VULCAN AB Line profile analysis was carried out on neutron diffraction patterns collected by the energy-dispersive method for an in situ tensile-deformed AISI-316 stainless steel specimen. The experiments were carried out at the VULCAN engineering beam line of the spallation neutron source of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Both the dislocation densities and the local stresses in grains oriented with different hkl crystal directions along the tensile axis were determined. The work-hardening equation of Taylor was tested for the hkl-dependent phenomenological constant alpha. The grain-orientation-dependent cc values were directly related to the heterogeneity of dislocation distribution in correlation with previous transmission electron microscopy data. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ungar, Tamas; Wang, Xun-Li] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Stoica, Alexandru D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ungar, Tamas; Tichy, Geza] Eotvos Univ Budapest, Dept Mat Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. RP Ungar, T (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM ungar@ludens.elte.hu RI Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013; OI Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134; Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777 FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle; ORISE Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX Neutron diffraction measurements were carried out at the Spallation Neutron Source, which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle. A.S. thanks his colleagues: Dr. Ke An and Mr. Harley Skorpenske, as well as Dr. Sheng Cheng, from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, for their help during the experiment and fruitful discussions. T.U. thanks ORISE Oak Ridge National Laboratory for partial support of this research. NR 51 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 52 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 66 BP 251 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.11.012 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA AA9OK UT WOS:000331422600025 ER PT J AU Creutz, M AF Creutz, Michael TI Emergent spin SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lattice field theory; Spin and statistics; Fermion doubling ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORIES; STAGGERED FERMIONS; EUCLIDEAN LATTICE; TRANSFER-MATRIX; ENERGY; FIELDS AB Quantum mechanics and relativity in the continuum imply the well known spin-statistics connection. However for particles hopping on a lattice, there is no such constraint. If a lattice model yields a relativistic field theory in a continuum limit, this constraint must "emerge" for physical excitations. We discuss a few models where a spin-less fermion hopping on a lattice gives excitations which satisfy the continuum Dirac equation. This includes such well known systems such as graphene and staggered fermions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Creutz, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM creutz@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This manuscript has been authored under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy. Accordingly, the US Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-4916 EI 1096-035X J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 342 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.aop.2013.12.002 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AA9PT UT WOS:000331426100003 ER PT J AU Mitri, FG AF Mitri, F. G. TI Axial and transverse acoustic radiation forces on a fluid sphere placed arbitrarily in Bessel beam standing wave tweezers SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Acoustic radiation force; Acoustic levitation; Acoustic tweezers; Standing waves; Bessel beams; Fluid sphere manipulation ID PLANE-PROGRESSIVE WAVES; POTENTIAL-WELL MODEL; QUASI-GAUSSIAN BEAM; HALF-CONE ANGLES; RIGID SPHERE; SOUND FIELD; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; ELASTIC SPHERE; VISCOUS-FLUID; VORTEX BEAM AB The axial and transverse radiation forces on a fluid sphere placed arbitrarily in the acoustical field of Bessel beams of standing waves are evaluated. The three-dimensional components of the time-averaged force are expressed in terms of the beam-shape coefficients of the incident field and the scattering coefficients of the fluid sphere using a partial-wave expansion (PWE) method. Examples are chosen for which the standing wave field is composed of either a zero-order (non-vortex) Besse (beam, or a first-order Bessel vortex beam. It is shown here, that both transverse and axial forces can push or pull the fluid sphere to an equilibrium position depending on the chosen size parameter ka (where k is the wave-number and a the sphere's radius). The corresponding results are of particular importance in biophysical applications for the design of lab-on-chip devices operating with Bessel beams standing wave tweezers. Moreover, potential investigations in acoustic levitation and related applications in particle rotation in a vortex beam may benefit from the results of this study. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mitri, F. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Chevron Area 52 Technol, 5 Bisbee Ct, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. EM mitri@chevron.com NR 89 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-4916 EI 1096-035X J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 342 BP 158 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.aop.2013.12.009 PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AA9PT UT WOS:000331426100010 ER PT J AU Vuilleumier, D Kozarac, D Mehl, M Saxena, S Pitz, WJ Dibble, RW Chen, JY Sarathy, SM AF Vuilleumier, David Kozarac, Darko Mehl, Marco Saxena, Samveg Pitz, William J. Dibble, Robert W. Chen, Jyh-Yuan Sarathy, S. Mani TI Intermediate temperature heat release in an HCCI engine fueled by ethanol/n-heptane mixtures: An experimental and modeling study SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Chemical kinetic modeling; HCCI engine; Heat release rate; Biofuels ID 2-STAGE IGNITION FUELS; N-HEPTANE; PORT INJECTION; SINGLE-STAGE; LOAD LIMITS; COMBUSTION; AUTOIGNITION; OXIDATION; SIMULATIONS; OPERATION AB This study examines intermediate temperature heat release (ITHR) in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines using blends of ethanol and n-heptane. Experiments were performed over the range of 0-50% n-heptane liquid volume fractions, at equivalence ratios 0.4 and 0.5, and intake pressures from 1.4 bar to 2.2 bar. ITHR was induced in the mixtures containing predominantly ethanol through the addition of small amounts of n-heptane. After a critical threshold, additional n-heptane content yielded low temperature heat release (LTHR). A method for quantifying the amount of heat released during ITHR was developed by examining the second derivative of heat release, and this method was then used to identify trends in the engine data. The combustion process inside the engine was modeled using a single-zone HCCI model, and good qualitative agreement of pre-ignition pressure rise and heat release rate was found between experimental and modeling results using a detailed n-heptane/ethanol chemical kinetic model. The simulation results were used to identify the dominant reaction pathways contributing to ITHR, as well as to verify the chemical basis behind the quantification of the amount of ITHR in the experimental analysis. The dominant reaction pathways contributing to ITHR were found to be H-atom abstraction from n-heptane by OH and the addition of fuel radicals to O-2. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Vuilleumier, David; Sarathy, S. Mani] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Kozarac, Darko] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [Mehl, Marco; Pitz, William J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. [Saxena, Samveg] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dibble, Robert W.; Chen, Jyh-Yuan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sarathy, SM (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. EM mani.sarathy@kaust.edu.sa RI Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; Mehl, Marco/A-8506-2009 OI Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Mehl, Marco/0000-0002-2227-5035 FU Clean Combustion Research Center; Saudi Aramco under the FUELCOM program; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Researchers at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology acknowledge funding from the Clean Combustion Research Center and from Saudi Aramco under the FUELCOM program. The work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 48 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 2014 VL 161 IS 3 BP 680 EP 695 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.008 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AA9QN UT WOS:000331428100006 ER PT J AU Allen, JW Scheer, AM Gao, CW Merchant, SS Vasu, SS Welz, O Savee, JD Osborn, DL Lee, C Vranckx, S Wang, ZD Qi, F Fernandes, RX Green, WH Hadi, MZ Taatjes, CA AF Allen, Joshua W. Scheer, Adam M. Gao, Connie W. Merchant, Shame S. Vasu, Subith S. Welz, Oliver Savee, John D. Osborn, David L. Lee, Changyoul Vranckx, Stijn Wang, Zhandong Qi, Fei Fernandes, Ravi X. Green, William H. Hadi, Masood Z. Taatjes, Craig A. TI A coordinated investigation of the combustion chemistry of diisopropyl ketone, a prototype for biofuels produced by endophytic fungi SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Diisopropyl ketone; Automatic mechanism generation; Ignition delay; Pyrolysis; Combustion; Detailed kinetics modeling ID RAPID COMPRESSION MACHINE; SET MODEL CHEMISTRY; OXIDATION CHEMISTRY; ETHANOL OXIDATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LOW-PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE; RADICALS; KINETICS; FUELS AB Several classes of endophytic fungi have been recently identified that convert cellulosic biomass to a range of ketones and other oxygenated molecules, which are potentially viable as biofuels, but whose oxidation chemistry is not yet well understood. In this work, we present a predictive kinetics model describing the pyrolysis and oxidation of diisopropyl ketone (DIPK) that was generated automatically using the Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG) software package. The model predictions are evaluated against three experiments that cover a range of temperatures, pressures, and oxygen concentrations: (1) Synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS) measurements of pyrolysis in the range 800-1340 K at 30 Ton and 760 Torr; (2) Synchrotron PIMS measurements of laser photolytic Cl-initiated oxidation from 550 K to 700 K at 8 Tort; and (3) Rapid-compression machine measurements of ignition delay between 591 K and 720 K near 10 bar. Improvements made to the model parameters, particularly in the areas of hydrogen abstraction from the initial DIPK molecule and low-temperature peroxy chemistry, are discussed. Our ability to automatically generate this model and systematically improve its parameters without fitting to the experimental results demonstrates the usefulness of the predictive chemical kinetics paradigm. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Allen, Joshua W.; Gao, Connie W.; Merchant, Shame S.; Green, William H.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Scheer, Adam M.; Welz, Oliver; Savee, John D.; Osborn, David L.; Taatjes, Craig A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Vasu, Subith S.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32708 USA. [Lee, Changyoul; Vranckx, Stijn; Fernandes, Ravi X.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Wang, Zhandong; Qi, Fei] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Fernandes, Ravi X.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. [Hadi, Masood Z.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Green, WH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM whgreen@mit.edu; cataatj@sandia.gov RI Wang, Zhandong/B-2839-2009; Welz, Oliver/C-1165-2013; Qi, Fei/A-3722-2012; OI Welz, Oliver/0000-0003-1978-2412; , /0000-0001-8002-1036; Green, William/0000-0003-2603-9694; Vasu, Subith/0000-0002-4164-3163 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2013CB834602]; Natural Science Foundation of China [50925623]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lock-heed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work at Aachen is supported by the Cluster of Excellence "Tailor-Made Fuels from Bio-mass" program, funded by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities. The Hefei work is funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2013CB834602) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (50925623). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 50 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 2014 VL 161 IS 3 BP 711 EP 724 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.019 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AA9QN UT WOS:000331428100008 ER PT J AU Cai, LM Sudholt, A Lee, DJ Egolfopoulos, FN Pitsch, H Westbrook, CK Sarathy, SM AF Cai, Liming Sudholt, Alena Lee, Dong Joon Egolfopoulos, Fokion N. Pitsch, Heinz Westbrook, Charles K. Sarathy, S. Mani TI Chemical kinetic study of a novel lignocellulosic biofuel: Di-n-butyl ether oxidation in a laminar flow reactor and flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Laminar flames; Ignition delay; Flame propagation; Ethers; Di-n-butyl ether ID DIMETHYL ETHER; DIETHYL-ETHER; BURNING VELOCITIES; PREMIXED FLAMES; SHOCK-TUBE; JET FUELS; COMBUSTION; IGNITION; HYDROCARBONS; PROPAGATION AB The combustion characteristics of promising alternative fuels have been studied extensively in the recent years. Nevertheless, the pyrolysis and oxidation kinetics for many oxygenated fuels are not well characterized compared to those of hydrocarbons. In the present investigation, the first chemical kinetic study of a long-chain linear symmetric ether, di-n-butyl ether (DBE), is presented and a detailed reaction model is developed. DBE has been identified recently as a candidate biofuel produced from lignocellulosic biomass. The model includes both high temperature and low temperature reaction pathways with reaction rates generated using appropriate rate rules. In addition, experimental studies on fundamental combustion characteristics, such as ignition delay times and laminar flame speeds have been performed. A laminar flow reactor was used to determine the ignition delay times of lean and stoichiometric DBE/air mixtures. The laminar flame speeds of DBE/air mixtures were measured in the stagnation flame configuration for a wide rage of equivalence ratios at atmospheric pressure and an unburned reactant temperature of 373 K. All experimental data were modeled using the present kinetic model. The agreement between measured and computed results is satisfactory, and the model was used to elucidate the oxidation pathways of DBE. The dissociation of keto-hydroperoxides, leading to radical chain branching was found to dominate the ignition of DBE in the low temperature regime. The results of the present numerical and experimental study of the oxidation of di-n-butyl ether provide a good basis for further investigation of long chain linear and branched ethers. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cai, Liming; Sudholt, Alena; Pitsch, Heinz] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Combust Technol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Lee, Dong Joon; Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Westbrook, Charles K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Sarathy, S. Mani] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia. RP Cai, LM (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Combust Technol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. EM lcai@itv.rwth-aachen.de; mani@sarathy.ca RI Pitsch, Heinz/E-1082-2014; Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; OI Pitsch, Heinz/0000-0001-5656-0961; Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Egolfopoulos, Fokion/0000-0002-7115-5304 FU Excellence Initiative by the German federal government; German Research Foundation (DFG); Clean Combustion Research Center at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; TMFB Visiting Fellowship program; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001198]; Excellence Initiative by the German state government FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Mariam Al Rashidi (KAUST, Saudi Arabia) and Dr. Alex Davis (NIST, USA) for performing the quantum chemical BDE calculations. This work was performed as part of the Cluster of Excellence "Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass", which is funded by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities, and as part of the collaborative research center (SFB) 1029 which is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). This work was partly funded by the Clean Combustion Research Center at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Co-author S.M.S. acknowledges funding from the TMFB Visiting Fellowship program. The LLNL work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The USC work was supported as part of the CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001198. NR 55 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 2014 VL 161 IS 3 BP 798 EP 809 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.003 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AA9QN UT WOS:000331428100014 ER PT J AU Wang, YL Lee, DJ Westbrook, CK Egolfopoulos, FN Tsotsis, TT AF Wang, Yang L. Lee, Dong J. Westbrook, Charles K. Egolfopoulos, Fokion N. Tsotsis, Theodore T. TI Oxidation of small alkyl esters in flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Flame propagation; Laminar flames; Alkyl esters; Methyl esters; Ethyl esters ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; KINETIC REACTION-MECHANISM; IGNITION DELAY TIMES; JET-STIRRED REACTOR; METHYL BUTANOATE; SHOCK-TUBE; PREMIXED FLAMES; BIODIESEL FUELS; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; ELEVATED PRESSURES AB The oxidation characteristics of several small methyl and ethyl esters with carbon number less than six were investigated in laminar flames. The kinetics of such fuels are subsets of those of larger alkyl esters that are constituents of practical biodiesel fuels. A total of seven fuels, namely methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl butanoate, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, and ethyl propionate were considered. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure, elevated reactant temperatures, and over a wide range of equivalence ratios. Laminar flame speeds were determined in the counterflow configuration in which flow velocities were measured using particle image velocimetry. Several detailed kinetic models were tested against the experimental data, and insight was provided into the high-temperature combustion kinetics of the aforementioned fuels. Based on comparisons between experimental and computed results it became apparent that the chemistry of alkyl-ester combustion chemistry is evolving and much needs to be done in order to derive improved rate constants for a wide range of elementary steps. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yang L.; Lee, Dong J.; Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Westbrook, Charles K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Tsotsis, Theodore T.] Univ So Calif, Mork Family Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Egolfopoulos, FN (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM egolfopo@usc.edu OI Egolfopoulos, Fokion/0000-0002-7115-5304 FU CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001198]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001198. Computational portions were performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 59 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAR PY 2014 VL 161 IS 3 BP 810 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.09.013 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AA9QN UT WOS:000331428100015 ER PT J AU Pearce, CI Liu, J Baer, DR Qafoku, O Heald, SM Arenholz, E Grosz, AE McKinley, JP Resch, CT Bowden, ME Engelhard, MH Rosso, KM AF Pearce, C. I. Liu, J. Baer, D. R. Qafoku, O. Heald, S. M. Arenholz, E. Grosz, A. E. McKinley, J. P. Resch, C. T. Bowden, M. E. Engelhard, M. H. Rosso, K. M. TI Characterization of natural titanomagnetites (Fe3-xTixO4) for studying heterogeneous electron transfer to Tc(VII) in the Hanford subsurface SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; 2P ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION; SITE OCCUPANCY; PERTECHNETATE; REDUCTION; SPECTROSCOPY; IRON; SEDIMENTS; PRODUCTS AB Sediments with basaltic provenance, such as those at the Hanford nuclear reservation, Washington, USA, are rich in Fe-bearing minerals of mixed valence. These minerals are redox reactive with aqueous O-2 or Fe(II), and have the potential to react with important environmental contaminants including Tc. Here we isolate, identify and characterize natural Fe(II)/Fe(III)-bearing microparticles from Hanford sediments, develop synthetic analogues and investigate their batch redox reactivity with aqueous Tc(VII). Natural Fe-rich mineral samples were isolated by magnetic separation from sediments collected at several locations on Hanford's central plateau. This magnetic mineral fraction was found to represent up to 1 wt% of the total sediment, and be composed of 90% magnetite with minor ilmenite and hematite, as determined by X-ray diffraction. The magnetite contained variable amounts of transition metals consistent with alio- and isovalent metal substitutions for Fe. Xray microprobe analysis showed that Ti was the most significant substituent, and that these grains could be described with the titanomagnetite formula Fe3-xTixO4, which falls between endmember magnetite (x = 0) and ulvospinel (x = 1). The dominant composition was determined to be x = 0.15 by chemical analysis and electron probe microanalysis in the bulk, and by L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at the surface. Site-level characterization of the titanomagnetites by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism showed that despite native oxidation, octahedral Fe(II) was detectable within 5 nm of the mineral surface. By testing the effect of contact with oxic Hanford and Ringold groundwaters to reduced Ringold groundwater, it was found that the concentration of this near-surface structural Fe(II) was strongly dependent on aqueous redox condition. This highlights the potential for restoring reducing equivalents and thus reduction capacity to oxidized Fe-mineral surfaces through redox cycling in the natural environment. Reaction of these magnetically-separated natural phases from Hanford sediments with a solution containing 10 mu M Tc(VII) showed that they were able to reductively immobilize Tc(VII) with concurrent oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) at the mineral surface, as were synthetic x = 0.15 microparticle and nanoparticle analogue phases. When differences in the particle surface area to solution volume ratio were taken into consideration, measured Tc(VII) reduction rates for Fe3-xTixO4 (x = 0.15) natural material, synthetic bulk powder and nanoparticles scaled systematically, suggesting possible utility for comprehensive batch and flow reactivity studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pearce, C. I.; Liu, J.; Baer, D. R.; Qafoku, O.; McKinley, J. P.; Resch, C. T.; Bowden, M. E.; Engelhard, M. H.; Rosso, K. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Heald, S. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Grosz, A. E.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Pearce, CI (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Chem, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM carolyn.pearce@manchester.ac.uk RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; Liu, Juan/G-6035-2016; OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 FU PNNL Science Focus Area (SFA), Subsurface Biogeochemical Research (SBR) program, the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), US Department of Energy (DOE); US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by PNNL Science Focus Area (SFA), Subsurface Biogeochemical Research (SBR) program, the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), US Department of Energy (DOE). mu-XRD, TEM and SEM measurements were performed in Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory (EMSL), a national user facility supported by the OBER and located at PNNL. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. XA and XMCD measurements were performed at the Advance Light Source supported by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors acknowledge Bruce Bjornstad for identifying the sites for sample collection and arranging site access. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 57 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 128 BP 114 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.010 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AA4ZR UT WOS:000331105700008 ER PT J AU Fetouh, HA Abdel-Fattah, TM El-Tantawy, MS AF Fetouh, Howida A. Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M. El-Tantawy, Mohamed S. TI Novel Plant Extracts as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for 7075-T6 Aluminium Alloy in an Aqueous Medium SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alloys; Electrochemical techniques; Adsorption; Corrosion ID ACID CORROSION; MILD-STEEL; ADSORPTION; RESISTANCE; IRON AB The effect of aqueous extracts of Damsissa, Lupine and Halfa-bar on the corrosion of 7075-T6 aluminium alloy in an aqueous solution of 0.5M sodium chloride has been studied employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The impedance (Nyquist) plots manifested that the dissolution process is controlled by charge transfer from anodic to cathodic sites. The polarization curves showed that the three extracts act as cathodic inhibitors. Inhibitive mechanism was discussed assuming the adsorption of the three extracts on the electrode surface. Theoretical fitting of Langmuir, Flory-Huggins adsorption isotherms and the kinetic-thermodynamic model were tested to clarify the adsorption mechanism. C1 [Fetouh, Howida A.; El-Tantawy, Mohamed S.] Univ Alexandria, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Alexandria 21321, Egypt. [Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.] Christopher Newport Univ, Appl Res Ctr, Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.] Christopher Newport Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Chem, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Fetouh, HA (reprint author), Univ Alexandria, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, POB 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt. EM mohamed.tantawy1@gmail.com NR 26 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU ESG PI BELGRADE PA BORIVOJA STEVANOVICA 25-7, BELGRADE, 11000, SERBIA SN 1452-3981 J9 INT J ELECTROCHEM SC JI Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 1565 EP 1582 PG 18 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA AA6FM UT WOS:000331194200040 ER PT J AU Yoon, SJ Sabharwall, P Kim, ES AF Yoon, Su-Jong Sabharwall, Piyush Kim, Eung-Soo TI Numerical study on crossflow printed circuit heat exchanger for advanced small modular reactors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Crossflow; Heat exchanger; PCHE; Analytical model; Thermal design; Cost estimation; Advanced SMR AB Various fluids such as water, gases (helium), molten-salts (FLiNaK, FLiBe) and liquid metal (sodium) are used as a coolant of advanced small modular reactors (SMRs). The printed-circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) has been adopted as the intermediate and/or secondary heat exchanger of SMR systems because this heat exchanger is compact and effective. The size and cost of PCHE can be changed by the coolant type of each SMR. In this study, the crossflow PCHE analysis code for advanced small modular reactor has been developed for the thermal design and cost estimation of the heat exchanger. The analytical solution of single-pass, both unmixed fluids crossflow heat exchanger model was employed to calculate a two-dimensional temperature profile of a crossflow PCHE. The analytical solution of crossflow heat exchanger was simply implemented by using built-in function of the MATLAB program. The effect of fluid property uncertainty on the calculation results was evaluated. In addition, the effect of heat transfer correlations on the calculated temperature profile was analyzed by taking into account possible combinations of primary and secondary coolants in the SMR systems. Size and cost of heat exchanger were evaluated for the given temperature requirement of each SMR. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yoon, Su-Jong; Sabharwall, Piyush] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Kim, Eung-Soo] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. RP Yoon, SJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM sujong.yoon@inl.gov FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Korean government (MSIP), under DOE Idaho Operations Office [2012-052255, DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (Grant code: 2012-052255), under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 EI 1879-2189 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 250 EP 263 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.10.079 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA AA0VF UT WOS:000330814800027 ER PT J AU Meyer, KM Calfee, MW Wood, JP Mickelsen, L Attwood, B Clayton, M Touati, A Delafield, R AF Meyer, K. M. Calfee, M. W. Wood, J. P. Mickelsen, L. Attwood, B. Clayton, M. Touati, A. Delafield, R. TI Fumigation of a laboratory-scale HVAC system with hydrogen peroxide for decontamination following a biological contamination incident SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; SURFACES; SPORES; VAPOR; STERILIZATION; STEEL C1 [Meyer, K. M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Meyer, K. M.; Calfee, M. W.; Wood, J. P.; Attwood, B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mickelsen, L.] US EPA, Off Emergency Management, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Clayton, M.; Touati, A.; Delafield, R.] Arcadis G&M, Durham, NC USA. RP Calfee, MW (reprint author), US EPA, MD E343-06 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM calfee.worth@epa.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 116 IS 3 BP 533 EP 541 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AA8GV UT WOS:000331334500006 PM 24279292 ER PT J AU Chaudhuri, A Sinha, DN Zalte, A Pereyra, E Webb, C Gonzalez, ME AF Chaudhuri, Anirban Sinha, Dipen N. Zalte, Abhijit Pereyra, Eduardo Webb, Charles Gonzalez, Manuel E. TI Mass Fraction Measurements in Controlled Oil-Water Flows Using Noninvasive Ultrasonic Sensors SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID SEPARATION DYNAMICS; VOLUME FRACTION; CRUDE-OIL; EMULSIONS; ATTENUATION; CAPACITANCE; CORIOLIS; VELOCITY; METER; PROBE AB Controlled flow rate tests using mixtures of crude oil and water at different mass fractions were carried out in a flow loop at the University of Tulsa. A noninvasive acoustic method developed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was applied to calculate the mass and volume fractions of oil and water in the mixed two-phase flow by measuring the speed of sound through the composite fluid mixture along with the instantaneous temperature. The densities and sound speeds in each fluid component were obtained in advance for calibration at various temperatures, and the fitting coefficients were used in the final algorithm. In this paper, we present composition measurement results using the acoustic technique from LANL for different mixture ratios of crude oil and water and at varying flow rates and a comparison of the results from the acoustics-based method with those from Coriolis meters that measured individual mass flow rates prior to mixing. The mean difference between the two metering techniques was observed to be less than 1.4% by weight and is dependent on the total flow rates. A Monte Carlo analysis of the error due to calibration uncertainty has also been included. C1 [Chaudhuri, Anirban; Sinha, Dipen N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zalte, Abhijit; Pereyra, Eduardo] McDougall Sch Petr, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Webb, Charles] San Joaquin Valley Business Unit, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA. [Gonzalez, Manuel E.] Chevron ETC, Houston, TX 77002 USA. RP Chaudhuri, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM anirban@lanl.gov; sinha@lanl.gov; abhijit-zalte@utulsa.edu; eduardo-pereyra@utulsa.edu; charles.webb@chevron.com; gonzame@chevron.com OI Sinha, Dipen/0000-0002-3606-7907 FU Chevron USA Inc. FX This work was supported by Chevron USA Inc. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2014 VL 136 IS 3 AR 031304 DI 10.1115/1.4026055 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA AB0JG UT WOS:000331477200013 ER PT J AU Wu, XJ Wendel, M Chahine, G Riemer, B AF Wu, Xiongjun Wendel, Mark Chahine, Georges Riemer, Bernie TI Gas Bubble Size Measurements in Liquid Mercury Using an Acoustic Spectrometer SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A properly dispersed population of small bubbles can mitigate cavitation damage to a spallation neutron source target. In order to measure such a bubble population, an acoustic device was developed and implemented in a mercury loop at ORNL. The instrument generated pulses of various frequencies and measured their acoustic propagation in the bubbly medium. It then deduced sound speed and attenuation at the various frequencies and used an inverse problem solver to provide near real-time measurements of bubble size distribution and void fraction. The measurements were then favorably compared with an optical method. C1 [Wu, Xiongjun; Chahine, Georges] Dynaflow Inc, Jessup, MD 20794 USA. [Wendel, Mark; Riemer, Bernie] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wu, XJ (reprint author), Dynaflow Inc, 10621-J Iron Bridge Rd, Jessup, MD 20794 USA. EM wxj@dynaflow-inc.com; wendelmw@ornl.gov; glchahine@dynaflow-inc.com; riemerbw@ornl.gov OI Riemer, Bernard/0000-0002-6922-3056; chahine, georges/0000-0003-1610-3314 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER84840] FX This study was conducted under support from the US Department of Energy, SBIR No. DE-FG02-07ER84840 awarded to Dynaflow, Inc. We are very grateful for this support. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 EI 1528-901X J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2014 VL 136 IS 3 AR 031303 DI 10.1115/1.4026440 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA AB0JG UT WOS:000331477200012 ER PT J AU Lee, SY Skorpenske, H Stoica, AD An, K Wang, XL Noyan, IC AF Lee, Seung-Yub Skorpenske, Harley Stoica, Alexandru D. An, Ke Wang, Xun-Li Noyan, I. C. TI Measurement of Interface Thermal Resistance With Neutron Diffraction SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE thermal resistance; buried interface; neutron diffraction ID DIAMOND-SILICON BOUNDARIES; CONTACT CONDUCTANCE; KAPITZA RESISTANCE; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURES; DIFFUSIVITY; FILMS; SOLIDS AB A noncontact, nondestructive neutron diffraction technique for measuring thermal resistance of buried material interfaces in bulk samples, inaccessible to thermocouple measurements, is described. The technique uses spatially resolved neutron diffraction measurements to measure temperature, and analytical or numerical methods to calculate the corresponding thermal resistance. It was tested at the VULCAN instrument of the Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratories on a stack of three 6061 alloy aluminum plates (heat-source, middle-plate, and heat-sink), held in dry thermal contact, at low pressure, in ambient air. The results agreed with thermocouple-based measurements. This technique is applicable to all crystalline materials and most interface configurations, and it can be used for the characterization of thermal resistance across interfaces in actual engineering parts under nonambient conditions and/or in moving/rotating systems. C1 [Lee, Seung-Yub; Noyan, I. C.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Skorpenske, Harley; Stoica, Alexandru D.; An, Ke] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Xun-Li] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM sl3274@columbia.edu; skorpenskehd@ornl.gov; stoicaad@ornl.gov; kean@ornl.gov; xlwang@cityu.edu.hk; icn2@columbia.edu RI An, Ke/G-5226-2011; Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013; OI An, Ke/0000-0002-6093-429X; Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134; Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777 FU NSF [DMR-0520547] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Li Li and Dr. Ling Yang for assistance in data collection, Dr. Sean Polvino, Mr. Mikhail Treger, and Ms. Hande Ozturk for helpful discussion on instrument resolution, Mr. Adrian M. Chitu for AFM measurement, and Ms. Rebecca A. Mills for help with the sample set-up. Experiments were conducted at the Spallation Neutron Source which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. This research utilized a part of DANSE software supported by the NSF Award No. DMR-0520547. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 31 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 EI 1528-8943 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2014 VL 136 IS 3 AR 031302 DI 10.1115/1.4025500 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA AB0IB UT WOS:000331474100002 ER PT J AU deCamp, A Hraber, P Bailer, RT Seaman, MS Ochsenbauer, C Kappes, J Gottardo, R Edlefsen, P Self, S Tang, HL Greene, K Gao, HM Daniell, X Sarzotti-Kelsoe, M Gorny, MK Zolla-Pazner, S LaBranche, CC Mascola, JR Korber, BT Montefiori, DC AF deCamp, Allan Hraber, Peter Bailer, Robert T. Seaman, Michael S. Ochsenbauer, Christina Kappes, John Gottardo, Raphael Edlefsen, Paul Self, Steve Tang, Haili Greene, Kelli Gao, Hongmei Daniell, Xiaoju Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella Gorny, Miroslaw K. Zolla-Pazner, Susan LaBranche, Celia C. Mascola, John R. Korber, Bette T. Montefiori, David C. TI Global Panel of HIV-1 Env Reference Strains for Standardized Assessments of Vaccine-Elicited Neutralizing Antibodies SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HIV-1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; POTENT NEUTRALIZATION; BROAD NEUTRALIZATION; CROSS-REACTIVITY; CD4-BINDING SITE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; RATIONAL DESIGN; V3 DOMAIN AB Standardized assessments of HIV-1 vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses are complicated by the genetic and antigenic variability of the viral envelope glycoproteins (Envs). To address these issues, suitable reference strains are needed that are representative of the global epidemic. Several panels have been recommended previously, but no clear answers have been available on how many and which strains are best suited for this purpose. We used a statistical model selection method to identify a global panel of reference Env clones from among 219 Env-pseudotyped viruses assayed in TZM-bl cells with sera from 205 HIV-1-infected individuals. The Envs and sera were sampled globally from diverse geographic locations and represented all major genetic subtypes and circulating recombinant forms of the virus. Assays with a panel size of only nine viruses adequately represented the spectrum of HIV-1 serum neutralizing activity seen with the larger panel of 219 viruses. An optimal panel of nine viruses was selected and augmented with three additional viruses for greater genetic and antigenic coverage. The spectrum of HIV-1 serum neutralizing activity seen with the final 12-virus panel closely approximated the activity seen with subtype-matched viruses. Moreover, the final panel was highly sensitive for detection of many of the known broadly neutralizing antibodies. For broader assay applications, all 12 Env clones were converted to infectious molecular clones using a proviral backbone carrying a Renilla luciferase reporter gene (Env. IMC. LucR viruses). This global panel should facilitate highly standardized assessments of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies across multiple HIV-1 vaccine platforms in different parts of the world. IMPORTANCE An effective HIV-1 vaccine will need to overcome the extraordinary genetic variability of the virus, where most variation occurs in the viral envelope glycoproteins that are the sole targets for neutralizing antibodies. Efforts to elicit broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies that will protect against infection by most circulating strains of the virus are guided in part by in vitro assays that determine the ability of vaccine-elicited antibodies to neutralize genetically diverse HIV-1 variants. Until now, little information was available on how many and which strains of the virus are best suited for this purpose. We applied robust statistical methods to evaluate a large neutralization data set and identified a small panel of viruses that are a good representation of the global epidemic. The neutralization properties of this new panel of reference strains should facilitate the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine. C1 [deCamp, Allan; Gottardo, Raphael; Edlefsen, Paul; Self, Steve] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Hraber, Peter; Korber, Bette T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Bailer, Robert T.; Mascola, John R.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Seaman, Michael S.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Ctr Virol & Vaccine Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ochsenbauer, Christina; Kappes, John] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Kappes, John] Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tang, Haili; Greene, Kelli; Gao, Hongmei; Daniell, Xiaoju; Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella; LaBranche, Celia C.; Montefiori, David C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Gorny, Miroslaw K.; Zolla-Pazner, Susan] NYU, Dept Pathol, Langone Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Zolla-Pazner, Susan] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect, New York, NY USA. RP Montefiori, DC (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM monte@duke.edu OI Gorny, Miroslaw/0000-0002-2714-8780; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Hraber, Peter/0000-0002-2920-4897 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38619, 1032144]; Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH; Virology Core of the Birmingham Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) [AI27767] FX This work was funded by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery no. 38619 and 1032144) and by the Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH. This work was further supported by the Virology Core of the Birmingham Center for AIDS Research (CFAR, AI27767). NR 85 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 88 IS 5 BP 2489 EP 2507 DI 10.1128/JVI.02853-13 PG 19 WC Virology SC Virology GA AA5JK UT WOS:000331131700012 PM 24352443 ER PT J AU Sullivan, KM Morton, DP Pan, F Smith, JC AF Sullivan, Kelly M. Morton, David P. Pan, Feng Smith, J. Cole TI Securing a border under asymmetric information SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE cutting planes; asymmetric information; network interdiction ID STOCHASTIC NETWORK INTERDICTION; PATH AB We study a stochastic interdiction model of Morton et al. IIE Transactions, 39 (2007):3-14 that locates radiation sensors at border crossings to detect and prevent the smuggling of nuclear material. In this model, an interdictor places sensors at customs checkpoints to minimize a potential smuggler's maximum probability of crossing a border undetected. We focus on a model variant in which the interdictor has different, and likely more accurate, perceptions of the system's parameters than the smuggler does. We introduce a model that is tighter and uses fewer constraints than that of Morton et al. We also develop a class of valid inequalities along with a corresponding separation procedure that can be used within a cutting-plane approach to reduce computational effort. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.Copyright (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 91-100, 2014 C1 [Sullivan, Kelly M.; Smith, J. Cole] Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Morton, David P.] Univ Texas Austin, Grad Program Operat Res & Ind Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Pan, Feng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Smith, JC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cole@ise.left.edu RI Morton, David/K-2388-2014 FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0653916, CMMI-0800676, CMMI-1100765]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-08-1-0029, BRCALL08-A-2-0030, HDTRA1-10-1-0050]; US Department of Homeland Security [2008-DN-077-ARI021-04] FX This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation through grants CMMI-0653916, CMMI-0800676, and CMMI-1100765, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency through grants HDTRA1-08-1-0029, BRCALL08-A-2-0030, and HDTRA1-10-1-0050, and the US Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number 2008-DN-077-ARI021-04. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Department of Homeland Security. The authors are very grateful for the remarks of two anonymous referees and an associate editor, whose input helped to improve the presentation of this paper. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 61 IS 2 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1002/nav.21567 PG 10 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA AA8WF UT WOS:000331375000001 ER PT J AU Gosink, LJ Hogan, EA Pulsipher, TC Baker, NA AF Gosink, Luke J. Hogan, Emilie A. Pulsipher, Trenton C. Baker, Nathan A. TI Bayesian model aggregation for ensemble-based estimates of protein pK(a) values SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID PH MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; APPARENT DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; POISSON-BOLTZMANN EQUATION; STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; IONIZABLE GROUPS; HYDROPHOBIC INTERIOR; STRUCTURAL ORIGINS; RESIDUES; REGRESSION; PREDICTION C1 [Gosink, Luke J.; Pulsipher, Trenton C.; Baker, Nathan A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Analyt Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hogan, Emilie A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Baker, NA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Analyt Div, POB 999,MSID K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM nathan.baker@pnnl.gov RI Baker, Nathan/A-8605-2010 OI Baker, Nathan/0000-0002-5892-6506 FU National Biomedical Computational Resource (NIH) [P41 RR0860516]; NIH [R01 GM069702] FX Grant sponsor: National Biomedical Computational Resource (NIH); Grant number: P41 RR0860516; Grant sponsor: NIH; Grant number: R01 GM069702. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR PY 2014 VL 82 IS 3 BP 354 EP 363 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA AA8TP UT WOS:000331368200002 PM 23946048 ER PT J AU Wenke, BB Lecomte, JTJ Heroux, AH Schlessman, JL AF Wenke, Belinda B. Lecomte, Juliette T. J. Heroux, Annie H. Schlessman, Jamie L. TI The 2/2 hemoglobin from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp PCC 7002 with covalently attached heme: Comparison of X-ray and NMR structures SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID TRUNCATED HEMOGLOBINS; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION; MONOMERIC HEMOGLOBIN; LIGAND-BINDING; SP PCC-7002; PROTEIN; VALIDATION; REFINEMENT; MYOGLOBIN; DYNAMICS C1 [Wenke, Belinda B.; Lecomte, Juliette T. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, TC Jenkins Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Heroux, Annie H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Schlessman, JL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM schlessm@usna.edu FU National Science Foundation [MCB 0843439] FX Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; grant number: MCB 0843439 (to J.T.J.L.). NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-3585 EI 1097-0134 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR PY 2014 VL 82 IS 3 BP 528 EP 534 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA AA8TP UT WOS:000331368200017 PM 23999883 ER PT J AU Sleiman, M Kirchstetter, TW Berdahl, P Gilbert, HE Quelen, S Marlot, L Preble, CV Chen, S Montalbano, A Rosseler, O Akbari, H Levinson, R Destaillats, H AF Sleiman, Mohamad Kirchstetter, Thomas W. Berdahl, Paul Gilbert, Haley E. Quelen, Sarah Marlot, Lea Preble, Chelsea V. Chen, Sharon Montalbano, Amandine Rosseler, Olivier Akbari, Hashem Levinson, Ronnen Destaillats, Hugo TI Soiling of building envelope surfaces and its effect on solar reflectance - Part II: Development of an accelerated aging method for roofing materials SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Cool roofs; Soiling; Weathering; Natural exposure; Accelerated aging; Soot ID PARTICULATE MATTER; COOL ROOFS; COATINGS; LIMESTONE; COLONIZATION; FACADES; CARBON; CYANOBACTERIA; CLEANABILITY; COMMUNITIES AB Highly reflective roofs can decrease the energy required for building air conditioning, help mitigate the urban heat island effect, and slow global warming. However, these benefits are diminished by soiling and weathering processes that reduce the solar reflectance of most roofing materials. Soiling results from the deposition of atmospheric particulate matter and the growth of microorganisms, each of which absorb sunlight. Weathering of materials occurs with exposure to water, sunlight, and high temperatures. This study developed an accelerated aging method that incorporates features of soiling and weathering. The method sprays a calibrated aqueous soiling mixture of dust minerals, black carbon, humic acid, and salts onto preconditioned coupons of roofing materials, then subjects the soiled coupons to cycles of ultraviolet radiation, heat and water in a commercial weatherometer. Three soiling mixtures were optimized to reproduce the site-specific solar spectral reflectance features of roofing products exposed for 3 years in a hot and humid climate (Miami, Florida); a hot and dry climate (Phoenix, Arizona); and a polluted atmosphere in a temperate climate (Cleveland, Ohio). A fourth mixture was designed to reproduce the three-site average values of solar reflectance and thermal emittance attained after 3 years of natural exposure, which the Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) uses to rate roofing products sold in the US. This accelerated aging method was applied to 25 products-single ply membranes, factory and field applied coatings, tiles, modified bitumen cap sheets, and asphalt shingles-and reproduced in 3 days the CRRC's 3-year aged values of solar reflectance. This accelerated aging method can be used to speed the evaluation and rating of new cool roofing materials. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sleiman, Mohamad; Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Berdahl, Paul; Gilbert, Haley E.; Quelen, Sarah; Marlot, Lea; Preble, Chelsea V.; Chen, Sharon; Montalbano, Amandine; Rosseler, Olivier; Levinson, Ronnen; Destaillats, Hugo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Heat Isl Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Preble, Chelsea V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Akbari, Hashem] Concordia Univ, Dept Bldg Civil & Environm Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Destaillats, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Heat Isl Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM HDestaillats@LBL.gov OI Quelen, Sarah/0000-0003-2493-6543 FU Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors thank Marc La France, Karma Sawyer, Patrick Phelan and Alexis Abramson of the Department of Energy (Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office) for program management and support; and Riccardo Paolini (Politecnico de Milano) and George Ban-Weiss (University of Southern California) for valuable suggestions. The authors also recognize the significant support from several industrial collaborators, who provided the roofing samples for natural exposure and laboratory testing, and contributed invaluable feedback and suggestions to improve the accelerated aging method. NR 69 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 EI 1879-3398 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD MAR PY 2014 VL 122 BP 271 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.028 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA AB0PI UT WOS:000331494200036 ER PT J AU Tang, J Fernandez-Garcia, I Vijayakumar, S Martinez-Ruis, H Illa-Bochaca, I Nguyen, DH Mao, JH Costes, SV Barcellos-Hoff, MH AF Tang, Jonathan Fernandez-Garcia, Ignacio Vijayakumar, Sangeetha Martinez-Ruis, Haydeliz Illa-Bochaca, Irineu Nguyen, David H. Mao, Jian-Hua Costes, Sylvain V. Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen TI Irradiation of Juvenile, but not Adult, Mammary Gland Increases Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Estrogen Receptor Negative Tumors SO STEM CELLS LA English DT Article DE Ionizing radiation; Notch; Breast cancer; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; Multiscale; In silico modeling; Mammary stem cell; Transforming growth factor beta ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; BREAST-CANCER; MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; IONIZING-RADIATION; INITIATING CELLS; TGF-BETA; IN-VIVO; MICROENVIRONMENT; CARCINOGENESIS; ACTIVATION AB Children exposed to ionizing radiation have a substantially greater breast cancer risk than adults; the mechanism for this strong age dependence is not known. Here we show that pubertal murine mammary glands exposed to sparsely or densely ionizing radiation exhibit enrichment of mammary stem cell and Notch pathways, increased mammary repopulating activity indicative of more stem cells, and propensity to develop estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors thought to arise from stem cells. We developed a mammary lineage agent-based model (ABM) to evaluate cell inactivation, self-renewal, or dedifferentiation via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as mechanisms by which radiation could increase stem cells. ABM rejected cell inactivation and predicted increased self-renewal would only affect juveniles while dedifferentiation could act in both juveniles and adults. To further test self-renewal versus dedifferentiation, we used the MCF10A human mammary epithelial cell line, which recapitulates ductal morphogenesis in humanized fat pads, undergoes EMT in response to radiation and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and contains rare stem-like cells that are Let-7c negative or express both basal and luminal cytokeratins. ABM simulation of population dynamics of double cytokeratin cells supported increased self-renewal in irradiated MCF10A treated with TGF beta. Radiation-induced Notch concomitant with TGF beta was necessary for increased self-renewal of Let-7c negative MCF10A cells but not for EMT, indicating that these are independent processes. Consistent with these data, irradiating adult mice did not increase mammary repopulating activity or ER-negative tumors. These studies suggest that irradiation during puberty transiently increases stem cell self-renewal, which increases susceptibility to developing ER-negative breast cancer. Stem Cells 2014;32:649-661 C1 [Tang, Jonathan; Mao, Jian-Hua; Costes, Sylvain V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fernandez-Garcia, Ignacio; Vijayakumar, Sangeetha; Martinez-Ruis, Haydeliz; Illa-Bochaca, Irineu; Nguyen, David H.; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, 566 First Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM svcostes@lbl.gov; mhbarcel-los-hoff@nyumc.org RI Illa-Bochaca, Irineu/K-3191-2013; OI Illa-Bochaca, Irineu/0000-0002-8039-565X; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen/0000-0002-5994-9558 FU NASA Specialized Center for Research in Radiation Health Effects [NNX09AM52G]; DOE Low-Dose Radiation program FX We thank Michael Gonzalez, William Chou and Jessica Chang for technical assistance. This research was supported by NASA Specialized Center for Research in Radiation Health Effects, NNX09AM52G and by DOE Low-Dose Radiation program (M.H.B.H.). NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5099 EI 1549-4918 J9 STEM CELLS JI Stem Cells PD MAR PY 2014 VL 32 IS 3 BP 649 EP 661 DI 10.1002/stem.1533 PG 13 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology GA AA9BR UT WOS:000331389200005 PM 24038768 ER PT J AU Qu, J Luo, HM Chi, MF Ma, C Blau, PJ Dai, S Viola, MB AF Qu, Jun Luo, Huimin Chi, Miaofang Ma, Cheng Blau, Peter J. Dai, Sheng Viola, Michael B. TI Comparison of an oil-miscible ionic liquid and ZDDP as a lubricant anti-wear additive SO TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Oil-soluble ionic liquid; Lubricant additives; Tribo-film; ZDDP ID STEEL/STEEL CONTACTS; PERFORMANCE; MECHANISM; AMMONIUM; ALLOYS AB This paper reports the anti-scuffing/anti-wear behavior and mechanism of an oil-miscible ionic liquid (IL), trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, in a base oil at 1.0 wt% concentration under both room and elevated temperatures. Results are benchmarked against those for a conventional anti-wear additive, zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP). Reciprocating sliding, boundary lubrication tests were conducted using a piston ring segment against a cylinder liner piece cut from actual automotive engine components. Although the IL and ZDDP worked equally well to prevent scuffing and reduce wear in the room-temperature tests, the IL significantly outperformed ZDDP in the 100 degrees C tests. The top surfaces and cross sections of the worn surfaces were characterized to reveal the morphology, thickness, nanostructure, and chemical composition of the IL-induced tribo-films. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Qu, Jun; Chi, Miaofang; Ma, Cheng; Blau, Peter J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Viola, Michael B.] Gen Motors Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Detroit, MI USA. RP Qu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM qujn@ornl.gov RI Ma, Cheng/C-9120-2014; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Qu, Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179 FU Vehicle Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, US Department of Energy (DOE) FX The authors thank Dr. J.M. Storey, S.A. Lewis Sr., and D.W. Coffey of ORNL for the pyrolysis analyses and TEM sample preparation, respectively, and Dr. E. Bardasz from Lubrizol and A.G. Bro from ExxonMobil for providing the ZDDP and the PAO base oil, respectively. Research was sponsored by the Vehicle Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, US Department of Energy (DOE). The surface characterization work was supported NR 32 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 6 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-679X EI 1879-2464 J9 TRIBOL INT JI Tribol. Int. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 71 BP 88 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2013.11.010 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA AA8MI UT WOS:000331349200010 ER PT J AU Bachand, GD Bouxsein, NF VanDelinder, V Bachand, M AF Bachand, George D. Bouxsein, Nathan F. VanDelinder, Virginia Bachand, Marlene TI Biomolecular motors in nanoscale materials, devices, and systems SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MOLECULAR MOTORS; COUNTERCLOCKWISE MOTION; MICROTUBULE MOVEMENTS; MEMBRANE NANOTUBES; SELF-ORGANIZATION; GLIDING MOTILITY; KINESIN MOTORS; PHOTO-CONTROL; TRANSPORT; PROTEIN AB Biomolecular motors are a unique class of intracellular proteins that are fundamental to a considerable number of physiological functions such as DNA replication, organelle trafficking, and cell division. The efficient transformation of chemical energy into useful work by these proteins provides strong motivation for their utilization as nanoscale actuators in ex vivo, meso- and macro-scale hybrid systems. Biomolecular motors involved in cytoskeletal transport are quite attractive models within this context due to their ability to direct the transport of nano-/micro-scale objects at rates significantly greater than diffusion, and in the absence of bulk fluid flow. As in living organisms, biomolecular motors involved in cytoskeletal transport (i.e., kinesin, dynein, and myosin) function outside of their native environment to dissipatively self-assemble biological, biomimetic, and hybrid nanostructures that exhibit nonequilibrium behaviors such as self-healing. These systems also provide nanofluidic transport function in hybrid nanodevices where target analytes are actively captured, sorted, and transported for autonomous sensing and analytical applications. Moving forward, the implementation of biomolecular motors will continue to enable a wide range of unique functionalities that are presently limited to living systems, and support the development of nanoscale systems for addressing critical engineering challenges. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bachand, George D.; Bouxsein, Nathan F.; VanDelinder, Virginia; Bachand, Marlene] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bachand, GD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gdbacha@sandia.gov OI Bachand, George/0000-0002-3169-9980 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [KC0203010]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Preparation of this manuscript was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Project KC0203010. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 96 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 89 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1939-5116 EI 1939-0041 J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 2 BP 163 EP 177 DI 10.1002/wnan.1252 PG 15 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AA6MD UT WOS:000331211500004 PM 24523280 ER PT J AU Konemann, J Parekh, O Pritchard, D AF Koenemann, Jochen Parekh, Ojas Pritchard, David TI Multicommodity Flow in Trees: Packing via Covering and Iterated Relaxation SO ALGORITHMICA LA English DT Article DE Multicommodity flow; Approximation algorithms; Iterated LP relaxation; Polyhedral combinatorics ID EDGE-DISJOINT PATHS; APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS; INTEGER PROGRAMS; NETWORK DESIGN; GRAPHS AB We consider the max-weight integral multicommodity flow problem in trees. In this problem we are given an edge-, arc-, or vertex-capacitated tree and weighted pairs of terminals, and the objective is to find a max-weight integral flow between terminal pairs subject to the capacities. This problem is APX-hard and a 4-approximation for the edge- and arc-capacitated versions is known. Some special cases are exactly solvable in polynomial time, including when the graph is a path or a star. We show that all three versions of this problems fit in a common framework: first, prove a counting lemma in order to use the iterated LP relaxation method; second, solve a covering problem to reduce the resulting infeasible solution back to feasibility without losing much weight. The result of the framework is a 1+O(1/mu)-approximation algorithm where mu denotes the minimum capacity, for all three versions. A complementary hardness result shows this is asymptotically best possible. For the covering analogue of multicommodity flow, we also show a 1+I similar to(1/mu) approximability threshold with a similar framework. When the tree is a spider (i.e. only one vertex has degree greater than 2), we give a polynomial-time exact algorithm and a polyhedral description of the convex hull of all feasible solutions. This holds more generally for instances we call root-or-radial. A preliminary version of this work appeared in Konemann et al. (Proc. 6th Int. Workshop Approx. & Online Alg. (WAOA), pp. 1-14, 2008). C1 [Koenemann, Jochen] Univ Waterloo, Dept Combinator & Optimizat, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Parekh, Ojas] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Pritchard, David] Princeton Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Pritchard, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM dp6@cs.princeton.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-4617 EI 1432-0541 J9 ALGORITHMICA JI Algorithmica PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 776 EP 804 DI 10.1007/s00453-012-9701-z PG 29 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA AA3CG UT WOS:000330969900011 ER PT J AU Favorite, JA AF Favorite, Jeffrey A. TI Spherical shields perturbed to ellipsoids in transport theory SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Perturbation theory; Surface perturbation theory; Gamma rays ID INTERNAL INTERFACE PERTURBATIONS AB One-dimensional spheres are perturbed to ellipsoids, and perturbation theory for inhomogeneous transport problems is applied to estimate the leakage of an uncollided decay gamma ray, a neutron thermal capture gamma ray, and a neutron inelastic scatter gamma ray. Only the shielding is perturbed, not the source. The surface transformation function for the sphere-to-ellipsoid change-of-shape perturbation is derived. Schwinger, Roussopolos, and combined perturbation estimates are applied. The perturbation estimates are defined to estimate the total (4 pi) flux at an external spherical surface detector, and they were accurate for point-detector fluxes when the leakage estimated from a point detector was similar to the total external surface flux. For uncollided line fluxes, the Schwinger estimate worked very well when the response of interest was the total external surface flux, but perturbation theory did not work well when the response of interest was the flux measured at a single external point (unless extra care was taken to account for geometric effects). For thermal capture line fluxes, the Roussopolos estimate was extremely accurate for one point detector location but its accuracy depended on the detector location. For inelastic scatter line fluxes, the detector fluxes were relatively insensitive to the detector location and the perturbation estimates were fairly accurate. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Monte Carlo Methods Codes & Applicat XCP3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Favorite, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Monte Carlo Methods Codes & Applicat XCP3, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM fave@lanl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 65 BP 376 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2013.11.011 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA AA2IF UT WOS:000330917600049 ER PT J AU Li, HJ Pu, YQ Kumar, R Ragauskas, AJ Wyman, CE AF Li, Hongjia Pu, Yunqiao Kumar, Rajeev Ragauskas, Arthur J. Wyman, Charles E. TI Investigation of Lignin Deposition on Cellulose During Hydrothermal Pretreatment, Its Effect on Cellulose Hydrolysis, and Underlying Mechanisms SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE hydrothermal pretreatment; lignin droplets; deposition; enzymatic hydrolysis; inhibition mechanisms ID MILLED WOOD LIGNIN; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CORN STOVER; DILUTE-ACID; LIGNOCELLULOSE FRACTIONATION; SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE; ETHANOL; BIOMASS; ACCESSIBILITY; SUBSTRATE AB In dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, lignin has been shown to form droplets that deposit on the cellulose surface and retard enzymatic digestion of cellulose (Donohoe et al., 2008; Selig et al., 2007). However, studies of this nature are limited for hydrothermal pretreatment, with the result that the corresponding mechanisms that inhibit cellulosic enzymes are not well understood. In this study, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and wet chemical analysis of solids formed by hydrothermal pretreatment of a mixture of Avicel cellulose and poplar wood showed that lignin droplets from poplar wood relocated onto the Avicel surface. In addition, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed higher S/G ratios in deposited lignin than the initial lignin in poplar wood. Furthermore, the lignin droplets deposited on Avicel significantly impeded cellulose hydrolysis. A series of tests confirmed that blockage of the cellulose surface by lignin droplets was the main cause of cellulase inhibition. The results give new insights into the fate of lignin in hydrothermal pretreatment and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 485-492. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Li, Hongjia; Kumar, Rajeev; Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Li, Hongjia; Kumar, Rajeev; Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Environm Res & Technol CE CERT, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Pu, Yunqiao; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Li, Hongjia; Pu, Yunqiao; Kumar, Rajeev; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Wyman, Charles E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Wyman, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM charles.wyman@ucr.edu OI Kumar, Rajeev/0000-0001-7523-0108; Pu, Yunqiao/0000-0003-2554-1447; Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X FU BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) FX Contract grant sponsor: BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) NR 36 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 9 U2 112 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 EI 1097-0290 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 111 IS 3 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.1002/bit.25108 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AA4IO UT WOS:000331059500006 PM 24037461 ER PT J AU Pol, VG Wen, JG Lau, KC Callear, S Bowron, DT Lin, CK Deshmukh, SA Sankaranarayanan, S Curtiss, LA David, WIF Miller, DJ Thackeray, MM AF Pol, Vilas G. Wen, Jianguo Lau, Kah Chun Callear, Samantha Bowron, Daniel T. Lin, Chi-Kai Deshmukh, Sanket A. Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian Curtiss, Larry A. David, William I. F. Miller, Dean J. Thackeray, Michael M. TI Probing the evolution and morphology of hard carbon spheres SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID LI-ION BATTERIES; ANODE MATERIAL; PRESSURE CARBONIZATION; HOLLOW CARBON; SPHERULES; MICROSTRUCTURE; POLYETHYLENE; MECHANISM; STORAGE; ORDER AB Monodispersed hard carbon spheres can be synthesized quickly and reproducibly by autogenic reactions of hydrocarbon precursors, notably polyethylene (including plastic waste), at high temperature and pressure. The carbon microparticles formed by this reaction have a unique spherical architecture, with a dominant internal nanometer layered motif, and they exhibit diamond-like hardness and electrochemical properties similar to graphite. In the present study, in situ monitoring by X-ray diffraction along with electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, neutron pair-distribution function analysis, and computational modeling has been used to elucidate the morphology and evolution of the carbon spheres that form from the autogenic reaction of polyethylene at high temperature and pressure. A mechanism is proposed on how polyethylene evolves from a linear chain-based material to a layered carbon motif. Heating the spheres to 2400-2800 degrees C under inert conditions increases their graphitic character, particularly at the surface, which enhances their electrochemical and tribological properties. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pol, Vilas G.; Lin, Chi-Kai; Thackeray, Michael M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Wen, Jianguo; Lau, Kah Chun; Curtiss, Larry A.; Miller, Dean J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Callear, Samantha; Bowron, Daniel T.; David, William I. F.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [David, William I. F.] Univ Oxford, Inorgan Chem Lab, Oxford OX1 3QR, England. [Deshmukh, Sanket A.; Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Thackeray, MM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM thackeray@anl.gov RI lin, chikai/D-4986-2014; Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013; OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397; Bowron, Daniel/0000-0002-4557-1929 FU Center for Electrical Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Center for Electrical Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of facilities at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, Electron Microscopy Center and the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA, all supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and at ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK are gratefully acknowledged. ConocoPhillips is thanked for heating the carbon spheres at 2800 degrees C. We acknowledge grants of computer time through allocations on the CNM Carbon Cluster at Argonne National Laboratory, the ALCF Fusion Cluster at Argonne National Laboratory, and the EMSL Chinook Cluster at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 14 U2 104 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.10.059 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AA0UZ UT WOS:000330814200009 ER PT J AU Thunga, M Chen, K Grewell, D Kessler, MR AF Thunga, Mahendra Chen, Keke Grewell, David Kessler, Michael R. TI Bio-renewable precursor fibers from lignin/polylactide blends for conversion to carbon fibers SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID LIGNIN; POLY(L-LACTIDE); CRYSTALLIZATION AB Lignin, a highly aromatic biopolymer extracted as a coproduct of wood pulping, was investigated as a suitable precursor for carbon fibers. Lignin was chemically modified and blended with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biopolymer before melt spinning into lignin fibers. The chemical modification of raw lignin involved butyration to form ester functional groups in place of polar,hydroxyl (-OH) groups, which enhanced the miscibility of lignin with PLA. Fine fibers were extracted and spooled continuously from lignin/PLA blends with an overall lignin concentration of 75 wt.%. The influence of chemical modification and physical blending of lignin with PLA on the resulting fiber was studied by analyzing the microstructure of the fibers using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of blend composition on the phase behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of composition on the mechanical properties was studied by tensile tests of the lignin/PLA blend fibers. The thermal stability and carbon yield of the blended fibers with different concentrations of lignin were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The microstructure analysis of carbon fibers produced from lignin/PLA blends revealed composition dependent microporous structures inside the fine fibers. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thunga, Mahendra; Chen, Keke; Kessler, Michael R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Thunga, Mahendra; Kessler, Michael R.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Grewell, David] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kessler, Michael R.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kessler, MR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mkessler@iastate.edu RI Kessler, Michael/C-3153-2008 OI Kessler, Michael/0000-0001-8436-3447 FU Iowa Alliance for Wind Innovation and Novel Development (IAWIND); Siemens Wind Energy FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Iowa Alliance for Wind Innovation and Novel Development (IAWIND) and Siemens Wind Energy for funding this research work. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 13 U2 104 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD MAR PY 2014 VL 68 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.10.075 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AA0UZ UT WOS:000330814200015 ER PT J AU Asahina, D Kim, K Li, Z Bolander, JE AF Asahina, Daisuke Kim, Kunhwi Li, Zhen Bolander, John E. TI Flow field calculations within discrete models of multiphase materials SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Interface/interphase; Environmental degradation; Computational modeling; Mass transport ID INTERFACIAL TRANSITION ZONE; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; CHLORIDE DIFFUSION; MOISTURE DIFFUSION; CEMENT COMPOSITES; CRACKED CONCRETE; LATTICE MODELS; FRACTURE; SIMULATION; DAMAGE AB Mass transport in composite materials is affected by the properties of the constituent phases and their interfaces. This paper presents a discrete (lattice) model for simulating mass transport within multiphase materials. The lattice is based on Delaunay/Voronoi tessellations of a semi-random set of points. Fundamental properties of the lattice network are validated for potential flow through homogeneous media. Thereafter, flow is simulated through multiphase particulate materials, in which the inclusions have simple geometries. Explicit representation of the matrix-inclusion interphase enables precise control of interphase thickness and the simulation of percolation phenomena. As expected, interphase percolation leads to dramatic increases in effective permeability of the medium. The ability to calculate nodal flux, and from it visualize complex flow fields, is essential for model validation and model-based engineering of multiphase materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Asahina, Daisuke] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kim, Kunhwi] Yonsei Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Li, Zhen] HDR Engn Inc, Folsom, CA 95630 USA. [Bolander, John E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bolander, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jebolander@ucdavis.edu FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [357-2011-1-D00227] FX The work of the second author was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (357-2011-1-D00227). NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-8368 EI 1879-1069 J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 58 BP 293 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.10.043 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA AA0XO UT WOS:000330820900036 ER PT J AU Wu, Z Bei, H Otto, F Pharr, GM George, EP AF Wu, Z. Bei, H. Otto, F. Pharr, G. M. George, E. P. TI Recovery, recrystallization, grain growth and phase stability of a family of FCC-structured multi-component equiatomic solid solution alloys SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE Alloy design; Solid-solution hardening; Recrystallization and recovery; Microstructure; Diffraction ID HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS; STACKING-FAULT ENERGY; RESOLVED SHEAR-STRESS; SECONDARY RECRYSTALLIZATION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; SEPARATION; SYSTEM; COPPER AB The equiatomic high-entropy alloy FeNiCoCrMn is known to crystallize as a single phase with the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. To better understand this quinary solid solution alloy, we investigate various binary, ternary and quaternary alloys made from its constituent elements. Our goals are twofold: (i) to investigate which of these lower order systems also form solid solution alloys consisting of a single FCC phase, and (ii) to characterize their phase stability and recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth behaviors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron images showed that three of the five possible quaternaries (FeNiCoCr, FeNiCoMn and NiCoCrMn), five of the ten possible ternaries (FeNiCo, FeNiCr, FeNiMn, NiCoCr, and NiCoMn), and two of the ten possible binaries (FeNi and NiCo) were single-phase FCC solid solutions in the cast and homogenized condition, whereas the others either had different crystal structures or were multi-phase. The single-phase FCC quaternary, FeNiCoCr, along with its equiatomic ternary and binary subsidiaries, were selected for further investigations of phase stability and the thermomechanical processing needed to obtain equiaxed grain structures. Only four of these subsidiary alloys-two binaries (FeNi and NiCo) and two ternaries (FeNiCo and NiCoCr)-were found to be single-phase FCC after rolling at room temperature followed by annealing for 1 h at temperatures of 300-1100 degrees C. Pure Ni, which is FCC and one of the constituents of the quinary high-entropy alloy (FeNiCoCrMn), was also investigated for comparison with the higher order alloys. Among the materials investigated after thermomechanical processing (FeNiCoCr, FeNiCo, NiCoCr, FeNi, NiCo, and Ni), FeNiCo and Ni showed abnormal grain growth at relatively low annealing temperatures, while the other four showed normal grain growth behavior. The grain growth exponents for all five of the equiatomic alloys were found to be similar to 0.25 (compared to similar to 0.5 for unalloyed Ni), suggesting that solute drag may control grain growth in the alloys. For all five alloys, as well as for pure Ni, microhardness increases as the grain size decreases in a Hall-Petch type way. The ternary alloy NiCoCr was the hardest of the alloys investigated in this study, even when compared to the quaternary FeNiCoCr alloy. This suggests that solute hardening in equiatomic alloys depends not just on the number of alloying elements but also their type. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Z.; Otto, F.; Pharr, G. M.; George, E. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bei, H.; Otto, F.; Pharr, G. M.; George, E. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP George, EP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM georgeep@ornl.gov RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. FO also received funding from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship. NR 53 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 32 U2 162 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 EI 1879-0216 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD MAR PY 2014 VL 46 BP 131 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2013.10.024 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA AA3WA UT WOS:000331024700022 ER PT J AU Shvartsburg, AA Ibrahim, YM Smith, RD AF Shvartsburg, Alexandre A. Ibrahim, Yehia M. Smith, Richard D. TI Differential Ion Mobility Separations in up to 100 % Helium Using Microchips SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE Ion mobility spectrometry; Differential ion mobility spectrometry; FAIMS; Peptides; Lipids ID SPECTROMETRY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; DRIFT-GAS POLARIZABILITY; CARRIER GASES; ANALYZERS; PEPTIDES; FAIMS; PERFORMANCE; CONFORMERS; PROTEINS; FIELDS AB The performance of differential IMS (FAIMS) analyzers is much enhanced by gases comprising He, especially He/N-2 mixtures. However, electrical breakdown has limited the He fraction to similar to 50 %-75 %, depending on the field strength. By the Paschen law, the threshold field for breakdown increases at shorter distances. This allows FAIMS using chips with microscopic channels to utilize much stronger field intensities (E) than "full-size" analyzers with wider gaps. Here we show that those chips can employ higher He fractions up to 100 %. Use of He-rich gases improves the resolution and resolution/sensitivity balance substantially, although less than for full-size analyzers. The optimum He fraction is similar to 80 %, in line with first-principles theory. Hence, one can now measure the dependences of ion mobility on E in pure He, where ion-molecule cross section calculations are much more tractable than in other gases that form deeper and more complex interaction potentials. This capability may facilitate quantitative modeling of high-field ion mobility behavior and, thus, FAIMS separation properties, which would enable a priori extraction of structural information about the ions. C1 [Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.; Ibrahim, Yehia M.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shvartsburg, AA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM alexandre.shvartsburg@pnnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU PNNL Technology Assistance Program, PNNL Technology Commercialization Office, NIGMS [8 P41 GM103493-10]; USDOE OBER FX The authors thank Owlstone for providing their FAIMS stages, Dr. Keqi Tang, Ronald Moore, Karl Weitz, and Dr. Danielle Toutoungi for major experimental help, Dr. Giorgis Mezengie for the lipid sample, Professor Helen Cooper (University of Birmingham, UK) for the phosphopeptide sample, and Bruce Harrer for useful discussions. This work was supported in part by the PNNL Technology Assistance Program, PNNL Technology Commercialization Office, NIGMS (8 P41 GM103493-10), and the USDOE OBER, and carried out in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE national scientific user facility at PNNL. NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1044-0305 EI 1879-1123 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 480 EP 489 DI 10.1007/s13361-013-0797-4 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA AA1BS UT WOS:000330831900020 PM 24402673 ER PT J AU Merkley, ED Metz, TO Smith, RD Baynes, JW Frizzell, N AF Merkley, Eric D. Metz, Thomas O. Smith, Richard D. Baynes, John W. Frizzell, Norma TI THE SUCCINATED PROTEOME SO MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; NRF2 ANTIOXIDANT PATHWAY; GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS; GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; MITOCHONDRIAL STRESS; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SIGNALING PATHWAY C1 [Merkley, Eric D.; Metz, Thomas O.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Baynes, John W.; Frizzell, Norma] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Neurosci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Frizzell, N (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Neurosci, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd,VA Bldg 1,3rd Floor, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM norma.frizzell@uscmed.sc.edu RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Merkley, Eric/0000-0002-5486-4723 FU National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases Research Grants [DK071283, DK19971]; American Diabetes Association Junior Faculty Award [1-11-JF-13]; NIH NIGMS P41 BTRC [RR185220, GM103493-10] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases Research Grants; Contract grant numbers: DK071283, DK19971; Contract grant sponsor: American Diabetes Association Junior Faculty Award; Contract grant number: 1-11-JF-13; Contract grant sponsor: NIH NIGMS P41 BTRC; Contract grant numbers: RR185220, GM103493-10. NR 67 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-7037 EI 1098-2787 J9 MASS SPECTROM REV JI Mass Spectrom. Rev. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 SI SI BP 98 EP 109 PG 12 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AA7QS UT WOS:000331292600002 PM 24115015 ER PT J AU Dendy, JE AF Dendy, J. E., Jr. TI Multigrid methods 2013 SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dendy, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jed@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1070-5325 EI 1099-1506 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 2 SI SI BP 175 EP 176 DI 10.1002/nla.1929 PG 2 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AA6OB UT WOS:000331216600001 ER PT J AU Vassilevski, PS Yang, UM AF Vassilevski, Panayot S. Yang, Ulrike Meier TI Reducing communication in algebraic multigrid using additive variants SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE multiplicative multigrid; additive implementation; parallelism; reduced communication ID PARALLEL; PRECONDITIONERS; INTERPOLATION; SOLVER AB Algebraic multigrid (AMG) has proven to be an effective scalable solver on many high performance computers; however, its increasing communication complexity on coarser levels has shown to seriously impact its performance on computers with high communication cost. Additive AMG variants provide not only increased parallelism as well as decreased numbers of messages per cycle but also generally exhibit slower convergence. We present various new additive variants with convergence rates that are significantly improved compared to the classical additive algebraic multigrid method and investigate their potential for decreased communication, and improved communication-computation overlap, features that are essential for good performance on future exascale architectures. Published 2014. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Vassilevski, Panayot S.; Yang, Ulrike Meier] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yang, UM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-561, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM umyang@llnl.gov FU Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research (and Basic Energy Sciences/Biological and Environmental Research/High Energy Physics/Fusion Energy Sciences/Nuclear Physics); Applied Mathematics Program, DOE ASCR; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Partial support for this work was provided through Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program funded by US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research (and Basic Energy Sciences/Biological and Environmental Research/High Energy Physics/Fusion Energy Sciences/Nuclear Physics) and by Applied Mathematics Program, DOE ASCR.; This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1070-5325 EI 1099-1506 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 21 IS 2 SI SI BP 275 EP 296 DI 10.1002/nla.1928 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AA6OB UT WOS:000331216600007 ER PT J AU Escamilla-Trevino, L Shen, H Hernandez, T Yin, YB Xu, Y Dixon, R AF Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L. Shen, Hui Hernandez, Timothy Yin, Yanbin Xu, Ying Dixon, Richard A. TI Early lignin pathway enzymes and routes to chlorogenic acid in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phenylpropanoid pathway; Lignin; Flavonoids; Chlorogenic acid ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; FERMENTABLE SUGAR YIELDS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; DOWN-REGULATION; PHENYLPROPANOID BIOSYNTHESIS; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; HYDROXYCINNAMOYL-COENZYME; MONOLIGNOL BIOSYNTHESIS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES AB Studying lignin biosynthesis in Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) has provided a basis for generating plants with reduced lignin content and increased saccharification efficiency. Chlorogenic acid (CGA, caffeoyl quinate) is the major soluble phenolic compound in switchgrass, and the lignin and CGA biosynthetic pathways potentially share intermediates and enzymes. The enzyme hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HQT) is responsible for CGA biosynthesis in tobacco, tomato and globe artichoke, but there are no close orthologs of HQT in switchgrass or in other monocotyledonous plants with complete genome sequences. We examined available transcriptomic databases for genes encoding enzymes potentially involved in CGA biosynthesis in switchgrass. The protein products of two hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) genes (PvHCT1a and PvHCT2a), closely related to lignin pathway HCTs from other species, were characterized biochemically and exhibited the expected HCT activity, preferring shikimic acid as acyl acceptor. We also characterized two switchgrass coumaroyl shikimate 3'-hydroxylase (C3'H) enzymes (PvC3'H1 and PvC3'H2); both of these cytochrome P450s had the capacity to hydroxylate 4-coumaroyl shikimate or 4-coumaroyl quinate to generate caffeoyl shikimate or CGA. Another switchgrass hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, PvHCT-Like1, is phylogenetically distant from HCTs or HQTs, but exhibits HQT activity, preferring quinic acid as acyl acceptor, and could therefore function in CGA biosynthesis. The biochemical features of the recombinant enzymes, the presence of the corresponding activities in plant protein extracts, and the expression patterns of the corresponding genes, suggest preferred routes to CGA in switchgrass. C1 [Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.; Shen, Hui; Hernandez, Timothy; Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.; Shen, Hui; Hernandez, Timothy; Yin, Yanbin; Xu, Ying; Dixon, Richard A.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.; Shen, Hui; Dixon, Richard A.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Dixon, R (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, 1155 Union Circle 305220, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM Richard.Dixon@unt.edu FU BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX We thank Drs. Jerome Verdier and Lina Gallego-Giraldo for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 EI 1573-5028 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 84 IS 4-5 BP 565 EP 576 DI 10.1007/s11103-013-0152-y PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AA3HG UT WOS:000330982900015 PM 24190737 ER PT J AU Kim, WC Reca, IB Kim, Y Park, S Thomashow, M Keegstra, K Han, KH AF Kim, Won-Chan Reca, Ida-Barbara Kim, YongSig Park, Sunchung Thomashow, Michael F. Keegstra, Kenneth Han, Kyung-Hwan TI Transcription factors that directly regulate the expression of CSLA9 encoding mannan synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CSLA9; Mannan synthase; MYB46; Transcription factor ID SECONDARY WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; PLANT-CELL WALL; CELLULOSE SYNTHASES; FAMILY-MEMBERS; DIRECT TARGET; GENE FAMILY; MYB46; POLYSACCHARIDES; IDENTIFICATION; SUPERFAMILY AB Mannans are hemicellulosic polysaccharides that have a structural role and serve as storage reserves during plant growth and development. Previous studies led to the conclusion that mannan synthase enzymes in several plant species are encoded by members of the cellulose synthase-like A (CSLA) gene family. Arabidopsis has nine members of the CSLA gene family. Earlier work has shown that CSLA9 is responsible for the majority of glucomannan synthesis in both primary and secondary cell walls of Arabidopsis inflorescence stems. Little is known about how expression of the CLSA9 gene is regulated. Sequence analysis of the CSLA9 promoter region revealed the presence of multiple copies of a cis-regulatory motif (M46RE) recognized by transcription factor MYB46, leading to the hypothesis that MYB46 (At5g12870) is a direct regulator of the mannan synthase CLSA9. We obtained several lines of experimental evidence in support of this hypothesis. First, the expression of CSLA9 was substantially upregulated by MYB46 overexpression. Second, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to demonstrate the direct binding of MYB46 to the promoter of CSLA9 in vitro. This interaction was further confirmed in vivo by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Finally, over-expression of MYB46 resulted in a significant increase in mannan content. Considering the multifaceted nature of MYB46-mediated transcriptional regulation of secondary wall biosynthesis, we reasoned that additional transcription factors are involved in the CSLA9 regulation. This hypothesis was tested by carrying out yeast-one hybrid screening, which identified ANAC041 and bZIP1 as direct regulators of CSLA9. Transcriptional activation assays and EMSA were used to confirm the yeast-one hybrid results. Taken together, we report that transcription factors ANAC041, bZIP1 and MYB46 directly regulate the expression of CSLA9. C1 [Kim, Won-Chan; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kim, Won-Chan; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kim, Won-Chan; Reca, Ida-Barbara; Keegstra, Kenneth; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kim, Won-Chan; Park, Sunchung; Thomashow, Michael F.; Keegstra, Kenneth] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Han, KH (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, 126 Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM hanky@msu.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DR-FC02-07ER64494]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea via the World Class University Project at Chonnam National University [R31-2009-000-20025-0]; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021] FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DR-FC02-07ER64494) and in part by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea via the World Class University Project at Chonnam National University (R31-2009-000-20025-0). Construction of the PRL TF-AD library was funded by Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (award number DE-FG02-91ER20021) to MFT. The authors would like to thank Linda Danhof and Joshua Temple at the Arabidopsis Service Center of the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) at Michigan State University for technical help in genotyping T-DNA insertion lines and transformation of Arabidopsis, Cliff Foster at the Cell Wall Analytical Platform of the GLBRC at Michigan State University for technical help in analysis of matrix neutral monosaccharide composition. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 EI 1573-5028 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 84 IS 4-5 BP 577 EP 587 DI 10.1007/s11103-013-0154-9 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AA3HG UT WOS:000330982900016 PM 24243147 ER PT J AU Klymko, C Sullivan, BD Humble, TS AF Klymko, Christine Sullivan, Blair D. Humble, Travis S. TI Adiabatic quantum programming: minor embedding with hard faults SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Quantum computing; Adiabatic quantum optimization; Graph embedding; Fault-tolerant computing ID ALGORITHMS; TREEWIDTH AB Adiabatic quantum programming defines the time-dependent mapping of a quantum algorithm into an underlying hardware or logical fabric. An essential step is embedding problem-specific information into the quantum logical fabric. We present algorithms for embedding arbitrary instances of the adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm into a square lattice of specialized unit cells. These methods extend with fabric growth while scaling linearly in time and quadratically in footprint. We also provide methods for handling hard faults in the logical fabric without invoking approximations to the original problem and illustrate their versatility through numerical studies of embeddability versus fault rates in square lattices of complete bipartite unit cells. The studies show that these algorithms are more resilient to faulty fabrics than naive embedding approaches, a feature which should prove useful in benchmarking the adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm on existing faulty hardware. C1 [Klymko, Christine] Emory Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sullivan, Blair D.; Humble, Travis S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Humble, TS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM cklymko@emory.edu; blair_sullivan@ncsu.edu; humblets@ornl.gov FU Lockheed Martin Corporation [NFE-11-03394]; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by the Lockheed Martin Corporation under Contract No. NFE-11-03394. The authors thank Greg Tallant (Lockheed) for technical interchange and Daniel Pack (ORNL) for help preparing Fig. 2. This manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1570-0755 EI 1573-1332 J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS JI Quantum Inf. Process. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 13 IS 3 BP 709 EP 729 DI 10.1007/s11128-013-0683-9 PG 21 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AA6IN UT WOS:000331202100009 ER PT J AU Dzyuba, A Cooley, LD AF Dzyuba, A. Cooley, L. D. TI Combined effects of cold work and chemical polishing on the absorption and release of hydrogen from SRF cavities inferred from resistance measurements of cavity-grade niobium bars SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE supercondictivity; niobium; SRF cavity; electropolishing; linear collider ID PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; HYDRIDE PRECIPITATION; SYSTEM; RESISTIVITY; DIFFUSION; NB; INTERSTITIALS; EMBRITTLEMENT; DISLOCATIONS; NITROGEN AB A series of small fine-grained and single-crystal bars, with strain from 0% (recrystallized) to 50%, were given different amounts of chemical polishing. Four-point resistivity (rho) data was used to characterize the electron scattering from dislocations, hydrogen, and any other trace contaminants. As noted by previous studies, annealed Nb displayed a weak linear increase of rho (11 K) with polishing time due to hydrogen absorption, and bulk hydrogen concentration did not exceed 15% for 200 mu m metal removed. Cold-worked samples displayed steeper slopes with polishing time (after subtracting resistivity due to strain alone), suggesting that dislocations assist the absorption of hydrogen during polishing. Absorption accelerated above 30% strain and 100 mu m material removal, with room-temperature hydrogen concentration rising rapidly from 2% up to 5%. This threshold is significant, since superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities are usually polished as-formed, with > 35% strain, and polishing removes > 150 mu m of metal. Resistance jumps between 40 and 150 K, which signal the formation of hydride precipitates, were stronger in cold-worked samples, suggesting that dislocations also assist precipitate nucleation. High-vacuum anneals at 800 degrees C for 2 h, which are known to fully recrystallize cavity-grade niobium and de-gas hydrogen, removed the 40-150 K jumps and recovered the resistivity increase due to chemical polishing entirely. But, about 30% of the resistivity increase due to cold work remained, possibly due to residual dislocation clusters. Continued annealing only facilitated the diffusion of surface impurities into the bulk and did not recover the initial 0% state. Strain, polishing, and annealing thus appear to combine as irreversible paths that change the material. Bearing this in mind, the significant difference in hydrogen uptake between annealed and cold-worked samples suggests that annealing SRF cavities prior to chemical polishing could greatly reduce hydrogen uptake and storage in the metal, reducing risk of quality-factor loss. This inverts key steps of the present widely-used cavity processing sequence. C1 [Dzyuba, A.; Cooley, L. D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Superconducting Mat Dept, Tech Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Dzyuba, A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Dzyuba, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Superconducting Mat Dept, Tech Div, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM dzyuba@fnal.gov RI Cooley, Lance/E-7377-2015 OI Cooley, Lance/0000-0003-3488-2980 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359] FX Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. The authors would like to thank D Ford, A Romanenko, F Barkov, and H Padamsee for stimulating discussions. Chemical work was carried out with the kind assistance of D Hicks, R Schuessler, and C Thompson. Heat treatment work has been aided by A Rowe, D Bice and M Wong. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 EI 1361-6668 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 27 IS 3 AR 035001 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/27/3/035001 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AA5OK UT WOS:000331149100001 ER PT J AU Masson, Y Pride, SR AF Masson, Yder Pride, Steven R. TI A Fast Algorithm for Invasion Percolation SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE Two-phase flow; Invasion percolation; Numerical simulation ID POROUS-MEDIA; MODEL; FLOW AB We present a computationally fast Invasion Percolation (IP) algorithm. IP is a numerical approach for generating realistic fluid distributions for quasi-static (i.e., slow) immiscible fluid invasion in porous media. The algorithm proposed here uses a binary-tree data structure to identify the site (pore) connected to the invasion cluster that is the next to be invaded. Gravity is included. Trapping is not explicitly treated in the numerical examples but can be added, for example, using a Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm. Computation time to percolation for a 3D system having total sites and invaded sites at percolation goes as for the proposed binary-tree algorithm and as for a standard implementation of IP that searches through all of the uninvaded sites at each step. The relation between and is , where is the fractal dimension of an infinite cluster and is Euclidean space dimension. In numerical practice, on finite-sized cubic lattices with invasion structures influenced by the injection boundary and boundary conditions lateral to the flow direction, we observe the scaling in 3D (valid through the second decimal place) instead of based on the infinite cluster fractal dimension D = 2.53. C1 [Masson, Yder] Inst Phys Globe Paris, Paris, France. [Pride, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pride, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM masson@ipgp.fr; srpride@lbl.gov OI masson, yder/0000-0001-6884-8823 FU Center for Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2, an Energy Frontier Research Center; LBNL Geophysics Cluster; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-05CH11231]; European Community's 7th Framework Program (FP-7-IDEAS-ERC), ERC Advanced Grant (WAVETOMO) FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the Center for Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2, an Energy Frontier Research Center and as part of the LBNL Geophysics Cluster, both funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-ACO2-05CH11231. Y. Masson has recently been supported through the European Community's 7th Framework Program (FP-7-IDEAS-ERC), ERC Advanced Grant (WAVETOMO). NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0169-3913 EI 1573-1634 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD MAR PY 2014 VL 102 IS 2 BP 301 EP 312 DI 10.1007/s11242-014-0277-8 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA AA3IC UT WOS:000330985100009 ER PT J AU Yan, MQ Korshin, GV Chang, HS AF Yan, Mingquan Korshin, Gregory V. Chang, Hyun-Shik TI Examination of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation in source waters: A study using log-transformed differential spectra SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Absorbance; DBPs; Dissolved organic matter (DOM); Halogenation; Log-transformation ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; DRINKING-WATER; TRIHALOMETHANE FORMATION; ABSORBENCY SPECTROSCOPY; NOM CHLORINATION; THM FORMATION; BINDING; MODELS; GENOTOXICITY AB Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in ten drinking source waters located in the United States was examined in this study. DBP generation was interpreted in the context of halogenation-induced changes of log-transformed absorbance spectra of dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in the waters. This approach allows probing the behavior of relatively minor structures that can be highly sensitive towards any process of interest, notably DOM halogenation. This concept was applied to examine effects of chlorination time on the kinetics of chlorine consumption and release of several DBP groups such as total trihalomethanes (THM4, including CHCl3, CHCl2Br, CHClBr2 and CHBr3), haloacetic acids (HAA(9), including MCAA, MBAA, DCAA, TCAA, BCAA, DBAA, BDCAA, DBCAA and TBAA), haloacetonitriles (THAN(4), including TCAN, DCAN, BCAN and DBAN), haloketones (HK2, including DCP and TCP), chloral hydrate (CH) and chloropicrin (CPN). Two alternative parameters, namely the differential logarithm of DOM absorbance at 350 nm (DLnA(350)) and change of the spectral slope in the range of wavelengths 325-375 nm (DSlope(325-375)) were introduced to quantify individual DBP species formed and Cl-2 consumption. DLnA(350) and DSlope(325-375), especially DLnA(350) were determined to be more reliable than differential absorbance at 272 nm that was utilized in prior applications of differential spectroscopy to characterize DBP formation. Strong linear relationships between DLnA(350) values and concentrations of major groups of and individual DBP species (e.g. THM4, HAA(9), HAN(4) and CPN were found to exist (mostly, R-2 > 0.95) and the intercept of these correlations with the y-axis was near zero for the examined water sources. Correlations between DLnA(350) values and concentrations of CH and HK2 were also strong but they were nonlinear. The slope of the correlations between the concentrations of major groups of DBP species vs-DLnA(350) were also well correlated with SUVA(254) and LnA(350) for all the examined source waters. It indicates that log-transformations of the absorbance spectra of surface water and parameters based on such transformations (e.g., DLnA(350) and DSlope(325-375)) have a potential to provide an alternative reliable approach to monitor the halogenation of DOM and attendant formation of individual DBP species. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yan, Mingquan] Peking Univ, Key Lab Water & Sediment Sci, Dept Environm Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Korshin, Gregory V.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Chang, Hyun-Shik] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Yan, MQ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM yanmq@pku.edu.cn FU American Water Works Association Research Foundation [2597]; China NSF [21277005] FX This study was supported by American Water Works Association Research Foundation (Project #2597). Further work on the results was supported by China NSF (grant 21277005). The views represented in this publication do not necessarily represent those of the funding agencies. The authors are grateful to Professor Mark M. Benjamin for his advice and critique of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 94 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 50 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.11.028 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AA2FD UT WOS:000330909600018 PM 24374129 ER PT J AU Bhat, R Bissell, MJ AF Bhat, Ramray Bissell, Mina J. TI Of plasticity and specificity: dialectics of the microenvironment and macroenvironment and the organ phenotype SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GLAND BRANCHING MORPHOGENESIS; EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN BREAST CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; 3-DIMENSIONAL CULTURE; CANCER-CELLS AB The study of biological form and how it arises is the domain of the developmental biologists; but once the form is achieved, the organ poses a fascinating conundrum for all the life scientists: how are form and function maintained in adult organs throughout most of the life of the organism? That they do appears to contradict the inherently plastic nature of organogenesis during development. How do cells with the same genetic information arrive at, and maintain such different architectures and functions, and how do they keep remembering that they are different from each other? It is now clear that narratives based solely on genes and an irreversible regulatory dynamics cannot answer these questions satisfactorily, and the concept of microenvironmental signaling needs to be added to the equation. During development, cells rearrange and differentiate in response to diffusive morphogens, juxtacrine signals, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). These components, which constitute the modular microenvironment, are sensitive to cues from other tissues and organs of the developing embryo as well as from the external macroenvironment. On the other hand, once the organ is formed, these modular constituents integrate and constrain the organ architecture, which ensures structural and functional homeostasis and therefore, organ specificity. We argue here that a corollary of the above is that once the organ architecture is compromised in adults by mutations or by changes in the microenvironment such as aging or inflammation, that organ becomes subjected to the developmental and embryonic circuits in search of a new identity. But since the microenvironment is no longer embryonic, the confusion leads to cancer: hence as we have argued, tumors become new evolutionary organs perhaps in search of an elusive homeostasis. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bhat, Ramray; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Canc & DNA Damage Responses, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Canc & DNA Damage Responses, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjbissell@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, OBER Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Low Dose Scientific Focus Area; National Cancer Institute; Breast Cancer Research Foundation; U.S. Department of Defense; Susan G. Komen for the Cure FX The work from M.J.B.'s laboratory has been supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy, OBER Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Low Dose Scientific Focus Area, by multiple grants from the National Cancer Institute, by a grant from Breast Cancer Research Foundation, and by two 'Innovator awards' from the U.S. Department of Defense. R.B. is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from Susan G. Komen for the Cure. The authors would like to thank Stuart A. Newman, Irene Kuhn, Joni Mott, Kandice Tanner, and the two anonymous reviewers of the first submission of this essay, for critical reading of this essay and providing helpful suggestions. NR 131 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1759-7684 EI 1759-7692 J9 WIRES DEV BIOL JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Dev. Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 3 IS 2 BP 147 EP 163 DI 10.1002/wdev.130 PG 17 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA AA4GJ UT WOS:000331053700001 PM 24719287 ER PT J AU Bedewi, AEL Miller, L AF Bedewi, Ahmed E. L. Miller, Lisa TI Discrimination Between Paraffin-Embedded and Frozen Skin Sections Using Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Frozen; Paraffin; Synchrotron; SIRM ID SPECTROSCOPY; CELLS AB The difference between paraffin-embedded and frozen skin sections is always questionable. Ten patients of early stage mycosis fungoides, ten patients with psoriasis and ten normal controls were included in this study. Aim of this study is to differentiate between paraffin-embedded and frozen skin sections in inflammatory and malignant dermatoses using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (SIRM). It was found that epidermal beta sheets in paraffin-embedded sections were higher in a highly significant manner than frozen sections (P < 0.001). Also, epidermal nucleic acids in paraffin-embedded sections were lower in a highly significant manner than frozen sections (P < 0.001). However, when various skin diseases were compared with the control. It was found that the difference between paraffin-embedded and frozen skin sections were almost similar. In conclusion SIRM is a unique promising diagnostic technique and it seems that frozen processing preserve skin tissue more, this was represented by less apoptosis (beta sheets) and more nucleic acids than paraffin processing. However, there are still many advantages of both approaches over the other depending on the goal of the study. C1 [Bedewi, Ahmed E. L.] Egyptian Atom Energy Author, Natl Ctr Radiat Res & Technol, Dermatol Sect, Cairo, Egypt. [Bedewi, Ahmed E. L.; Miller, Lisa] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bedewi, AEL (reprint author), Egyptian Atom Energy Author, Natl Ctr Radiat Res & Technol, Dermatol Sect, Cairo, Egypt. EM aelbedewi@gmail.com NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1573-3149 EI 1573-3904 J9 INT J PEPT RES THER JI Int. J. Pept. Res. Ther. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 1 BP 13 EP 17 DI 10.1007/s10989-013-9361-0 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 302XO UT WOS:000330638600002 ER PT J AU Gevorgyan, SA Zubillaga, O de Seoane, JMV Machado, M Parlak, EA Tore, N Voroshazi, E Aernouts, T Mullejans, H Bardizza, G Taylor, N Verhees, W Kroon, JM Morvillo, P Minarini, C Roca, F Castro, FA Cros, S Lechene, B Trigo, JF Guillen, C Herrero, J Zimmermann, B Sapkota, SB Veit, C Wurfel, U Tuladhar, PS Durrant, JR Winter, S Rousu, S Valimaki, M Hinrichs, V Cowan, SR Olson, DC Sommer-Larsen, P Krebs, FC AF Gevorgyan, Suren A. Zubillaga, Oihana Maria Vega de Seoane, Jose Machado, Maider Parlak, Elif Alturk Tore, Nesrin Voroshazi, Eszter Aernouts, Tom Muellejans, Harald Bardizza, Giorgio Taylor, Nigel Verhees, Wiljan Kroon, Jan M. Morvillo, Pasquale Minarini, Carla Roca, Francesco Castro, Fernando A. Cros, Stephane Lechene, Balthazar Trigo, Juan F. Guillen, Cecilia Herrero, Jose Zimmermann, Birger Sapkota, Subarna Babu Veit, Clemens Wuerfel, Uli Tuladhar, Pabitra S. Durrant, James R. Winter, Stefan Rousu, Sanna Valimaki, Marja Hinrichs, Volker Cowan, Sarah R. Olson, Dana C. Sommer-Larsen, Peter Krebs, Frederik C. TI Round robin performance testing of organic photovoltaic devices SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Organic photovoltaic; Round robin; I-V characterization; Standard testing conditions; Intercomparability ID INTER-LABORATORY COLLABORATION; VARIETY; DEGRADATION; STABILITY; POLYMER; CELL AB This study addresses the issue of poor intercomparability of measurements of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices among different laboratories. We present a round robin performance testing of novel OPV devices among 16 laboratories, organized within the framework of European Research Infrastructure Project (SOPHIA) and European Energy Research Alliance (EERA). Three types of OPVs with different structures, dimensions and encapsulations are studied and compared with reference Si solar cells certified by accredited laboratories. The agreement of the measurements of these among different laboratories is analyzed by focusing on testing procedures, testing equipment and sample designs. A number of deviations and pitfalls are revealed and based on the analyses, a set of recommendations are suggested for improving the agreement among the measurements of such OPV technologies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gevorgyan, Suren A.; Sommer-Larsen, Peter; Krebs, Frederik C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Energy Convers & Storage, CLOP, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Zubillaga, Oihana; Maria Vega de Seoane, Jose; Machado, Maider] TECNALIA Res & Innovat, San Sebastian 20009, Spain. [Parlak, Elif Alturk; Tore, Nesrin] Natl Metrol Inst, TUBITAK, TR-41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey. [Voroshazi, Eszter; Aernouts, Tom] IMEC, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [Muellejans, Harald; Bardizza, Giorgio; Taylor, Nigel] European Solar Test Installat, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Verhees, Wiljan; Kroon, Jan M.] ECN Solliance, NL-5656 AE Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Morvillo, Pasquale; Minarini, Carla; Roca, Francesco] Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Sviluppo Econ, ENEA, I-80055 Portici, Italy. [Castro, Fernando A.] Natl Phys Lab, Div Mat, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England. [Cros, Stephane; Lechene, Balthazar] CEA DRT LITEN DTS LMPV, Natl Inst Solar Energy INES, F-73377 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Trigo, Juan F.; Guillen, Cecilia; Herrero, Jose] CIEMAT, Renewable Energy Div, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Zimmermann, Birger; Sapkota, Subarna Babu; Veit, Clemens; Wuerfel, Uli] Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst ISE, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany. [Tuladhar, Pabitra S.; Durrant, James R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Plast Elect, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Tuladhar, Pabitra S.; Durrant, James R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Winter, Stefan] PTB, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany. [Rousu, Sanna; Valimaki, Marja] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Oulu 90570, Finland. [Hinrichs, Volker] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany. [Cowan, Sarah R.; Olson, Dana C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gevorgyan, SA (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Energy Convers & Storage, CLOP, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. EM surg@dtu.dk RI Guillen, Cecilia/H-8019-2013; Herrero, Jose/K-2711-2014; Trigo, Juan/C-3750-2008; Castro, Fernando/A-4253-2008; OI Guillen, Cecilia/0000-0002-7928-8240; Herrero, Jose/0000-0002-2680-7019; Trigo, Juan/0000-0001-5842-6918; Castro, Fernando/0000-0002-2409-8300; Gevorgyan, Suren/0000-0001-9906-5485; Wurfel, Uli/0000-0003-4151-8538; Krebs, Frederik C/0000-0003-1148-4314 FU European Research Infrastructure (SOPHIA); European Energy Research Alliance (EERA); EUDP [64011-0002]; UK Department for Business, Innovation and Skills FX European Research Infrastructure (SOPHIA) and European Energy Research Alliance (EERA) are acknowledged for the support; This work has been supported by EUDP (j.no. 64011-0002); Komlan Anika is acknowledged for performing the measurements at ESTI; This work has been supported by the UK Department for Business, Innovation and Skills; Antonio Romano and Aniello Borriello are acknowledged for technical support at ENEA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 49 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD MAR PY 2014 VL 63 BP 376 EP 387 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2013.09.034 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 300TY UT WOS:000330488100043 ER PT J AU Frank, M Carlson, DB Hunter, MS Williams, GJ Messerschmidt, M Zatsepin, NA Barty, A Benner, WH Chu, KQ Graf, AT Hau-Riege, SP Kirian, RA Padeste, C Pardini, T Pedrini, B Segelke, B Seibert, MM Spence, JCH Tsai, CJ Lane, SM Li, XD Schertler, G Boutet, S Coleman, M Evans, JE AF Frank, Matthias Carlson, David B. Hunter, Mark S. Williams, Garth J. Messerschmidt, Marc Zatsepin, Nadia A. Barty, Anton Benner, W. Henry Chu, Kaiqin Graf, Alexander T. Hau-Riege, Stefan P. Kirian, Richard A. Padeste, Celestino Pardini, Tommaso Pedrini, Bill Segelke, Brent Seibert, M. Marvin Spence, John C. H. Tsai, Ching-Ju Lane, Stephen M. Li, Xiao-Dan Schertler, Gebhard Boutet, Sebastien Coleman, Matthew Evans, James E. TI Femtosecond X-ray diffraction from two-dimensional protein crystals SO IUCRJ LA English DT Article DE two-dimensional protein crystal; femtosecond crystallography; single layer X-ray diffraction; membrane protein ID BACTERIORHODOPSIN; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTALLIZATION; MONOLAYERS; MODEL AB X-ray diffraction patterns from two-dimensional (2-D) protein crystals obtained using femtosecond X-ray pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) are presented. To date, it has not been possible to acquire transmission X-ray diffraction patterns from individual 2-D protein crystals due to radiation damage. However, the intense and ultrafast pulses generated by an XFEL permit a new method of collecting diffraction data before the sample is destroyed. Utilizing a diffract-before-destroy approach at the Linac Coherent Light Source, Bragg diffraction was acquired to better than 8.5 angstrom resolution for two different 2-D protein crystal samples each less than 10 nm thick and maintained at room temperature. These proof-of-principle results show promise for structural analysis of both soluble and membrane proteins arranged as 2-D crystals without requiring cryogenic conditions or the formation of three-dimensional crystals. C1 [Frank, Matthias; Hunter, Mark S.; Benner, W. Henry; Graf, Alexander T.; Hau-Riege, Stefan P.; Pardini, Tommaso; Segelke, Brent; Coleman, Matthew] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Carlson, David B.; Evans, James E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Williams, Garth J.; Messerschmidt, Marc; Seibert, M. Marvin; Boutet, Sebastien] Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Zatsepin, Nadia A.; Spence, John C. H.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Barty, Anton; Kirian, Richard A.] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Chu, Kaiqin; Lane, Stephen M.] Ctr Biophoton, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Padeste, Celestino; Pedrini, Bill; Tsai, Ching-Ju; Li, Xiao-Dan; Schertler, Gebhard] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Evans, James E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Frank, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM frank1@llnl.gov; james.evans@pnnl.gov RI Schertler, Gebhard/M-9512-2014; OI Seibert, Mark Marvin/0000-0003-0251-0744; Coleman, Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018; Schertler, Gebhard F.X./0000-0002-5846-6810 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; UCOP Lab Fee Program [118036]; NIH [5RC1GM091755]; NSF award [MCB-1021557]; NSF STC award [1231306]; LLNL Lab-Directed Research and Development Project [012-ERD-031]; PNNL Chemical Imaging Initiative; Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, NSF Science and Technology Center [PHY0120999] FX Work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (operated by Battelle Memorial Institute) under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Support was provided by the UCOP Lab Fee Program (award No. 118036), NIH grant number 5RC1GM091755, NSF award MCB-1021557 and NSF STC award 1231306, LLNL Lab-Directed Research and Development Project 012-ERD-031 and the PNNL Chemical Imaging Initiative. Portions of this research were carried out at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. LCLS is an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. A portion of this work was funded by the Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, a designated NSF Science and Technology Center managed by the University of California, Davis, under Cooperative Agreement No. PHY0120999. NR 26 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 23 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 2052-2525 J9 IUCRJ JI IUCrJ PD MAR PY 2014 VL 1 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.1107/S2052252514001444 PN 2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA CL3PY UT WOS:000356863800004 PM 25075325 ER PT J AU Yilmaz, N Hogan, BC Bocanegra, H Donaldson, AB Gill, W AF Yilmaz, Nadir Hogan, Brian C. Bocanegra, Humberto Donaldson, A. Burl Gill, Walt TI Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle Image Velocimetry Supported Examination of Bidirectional Velocity Probes for Measurements in Flames SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE bidirectional probes; CFD; PIV; measurements; flames AB The bidirectional velocity probe has been used in various flames to measure local velocity. The device is based on the pressure difference between a closed forward facing cavity and a closed rearward facing cavity. The probes have been noted to indicate a pressure difference greater than that which would be predicted based on Bernoulli's equation. Each device must be experimentally calibrated in a wind tunnel at similar Reynolds number to determine its "amplification factor." This study uses PIV, flow visualization and CFD to examine the flow field around the probe, as well as an experimental study which compares various probe configurations for measurement of velocity by pressure differential. The conclusion is that the amplification factor is indeed greater than unity but use of the wind tunnel for calibration is questionable. C1 [Yilmaz, Nadir] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87810 USA. [Hogan, Brian C.; Bocanegra, Humberto] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Donaldson, A. Burl; Gill, Walt] Sandia Natl Labs, Fire & Aerosol Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Yilmaz, N (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87810 USA. EM yilmaznadir@yahoo.com FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DEAC0494AL85000] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DEAC0494AL85000. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1948-5085 EI 1948-5093 J9 J THERM SCI ENG APPL JI J. Therm. Sci. Eng. Appl. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 AR 011001 DI 10.1115/1.4024795 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA CU2UY UT WOS:000363380300001 ER PT J AU Brown, D AF Brown, David CA Mu2e Collaboration TI Mu2e: a Muon to Electron Conversion Experiment at Fermilab SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE Muon; Electron; Conversion; Charged; Lepton; Flavor; Violation AB We present the status of Mu2e, a proposed experiment to measure the rate of muon to electron conversion in the field of a nucleus. The Mu2e experiment will be hosted by Fermi lab at a new muon campus, using a new beamline to deliver protons to the muon generation target. Mu2e will use a series of three solenoids to collect, transport, stop, and analyze the muons produced when the 8 GeV pulsed proton beam from the booster hits the tungsten production target. The 200 nsec wide proton pulse is designed to have a ratio of out-of-time to in-time protons better than 10(-10), insuring a measurement time window of approximately 1 microsecond essentially free from beam pion background. A precision, low-mass straw tube tracker will measure electron momenta with a precision of 1/1000, allowing clean separation of the conversion signal from Decay In Orbit electrons, the principle experimental background. Extensive coverage of multi-layer scintillation counters will detect 99.99% of the cosmic muons which could generate fake signals. A crystal calorimeter will provide particle ID to further reduce backgrounds. Detailed simulations show a 3-year run with 7.56 x 10(17) stopped muons will allow a Single Event Sensitivity of 2 x 10(-17), allowing an estimated 90% confidence level sensitivity to R-mu s of 6 x 10(-17), a four-orders of magnitude improvement over existing limits. The Mu2e schedule is technically limited, with commissioning beginning in 2019. Mu2e may also run at Project X with 10x higher luminosity using either an aluminum or titanium target after minimal upgrades. C1 [Brown, David; Mu2e Collaboration] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brown, D (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dave_brown@lbl.gov NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 41 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.008 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500008 ER PT J AU Pronskikh, VS Coleman, R Glenzinski, D Kashikhin, VV Mokhov, NV AF Pronskikh, V. S. Coleman, R. Glenzinski, D. Kashikhin, V. V. Mokhov, N. V. TI Optimization of the Mu2e Production Solenoid Heat and Radiation Shield SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE muon-to-electron conversion; secondary neutrons; energy deposition; radiation damage AB The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab is designed to study the conversion of a negative muon to electron in the field of a nucleus without emission of neutrinos. Observation of this process would provide unambiguous evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model, and can point to new physics beyond the reach of the LHC. The main parts of the Mu2e apparatus are its superconducting solenoids: Production Solenoid (PS), Transport Solenoid (TS), and Detector Solenoid (DS). Being in the vicinity of the beam, PS magnets are most subjected to the radiation damage. In order for the PS superconducting magnet to operate reliably, the peak neutron flux in the PS coils must be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude by means of sophisticatedly designed massive Heat and Radiation Shield (HRS), optimized for the performance and cost. An issue with radiation damage is related to large residual electrical resistivity degradation in the superconducting coils, especially its Al stabilizer. A detailed MARS 15 analysis and optimization of the HRS has been carried out both to satisfy the Mu2e requirements to the radiation quantities (such as displacements per atom, peak temperature and power density in the coils, absorbed dose in the insulation, and dynamic heat load) and cost. Results of MARS 15 simulations of these radiation quantities are reported and optimized HRS models are presented; it is shown that design levels satisfy all requirements. C1 [Pronskikh, V. S.; Coleman, R.; Glenzinski, D.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Mokhov, N. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Pronskikh, VS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM vspron@fnal.gov; douglasg@fnal.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 118 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.022 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500022 ER PT J AU Assiro, R Cascella, M Grancagnolo, F L'Erario, A Miccoli, A Rella, S Spedicato, M Tassielli, G AF Assiro, R. Cascella, M. Grancagnolo, F. L'Erario, A. Miccoli, A. Rella, S. Spedicato, M. Tassielli, G. TI ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES FOR ULTRA-LOW MASS DRIFT CHAMBERS SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE Drift Chambers; Feed-through-less wiring AB We presents a novel technique for the fast assembly of next generation ultra low mass drift chambers offering space point resolution of the order of 100 gm and high tolerance to pile-up. The chamber design has been developed keeping in mind the requirements for the search of rare processes: high resolutions (order of 100-200 KeV/c) for particles momenta in a range (50-100 MeV/c) totally dominated by the multiple scattering contribution (e.g., muon and kaon decay experiment such as MEG at PSI and Mu2e and ORKA at Fermilab). We describe a novel wiring strategy enabling the semiautomatic wiring of a complete layer with a high degree of control over wire tension and position. We also present feed-through-less wire anchoring system. These techniques have been already implemented at INFN-Lecce in the construction of a prototype drift chamber to be soon tested with cosmic rays and particle beams. C1 [Assiro, R.; Grancagnolo, F.; L'Erario, A.; Miccoli, A.; Rella, S.; Spedicato, M.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Cascella, M.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy. [Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Tassielli, G.] Univ G Marconi, Rome, Italy. RP Rella, S (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. EM michele.cascella@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it; alessia.lerario@le.infn.it; alessandro.miccoli@le.infn.it; simona.rella@unisalento.it; matteo.spedicato@le.infn.it; giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it RI Rella, Simona/E-2247-2015; Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013 OI Rella, Simona/0000-0003-2255-4664; Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 124 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.024 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500024 ER PT J AU Cascella, M Grancagnolo, F Tassielli, G AF Cascella, M. Grancagnolo, F. Tassielli, G. TI Cluster Counting/Timing Techniques for Drift Chambers SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE drift chambers; particle trackers AB We describe the advantages of the cluster counting techniques over the traditional ways of integrating the ionization charge for particle identification for the purpose of particle identification. We also discuss the improvement in the determination of the impact parameter resolution in a drift cell using cluster timing techniques instead of considering only the arrival time of the first electron. Finally, we illustrate a possible way to define a fast trigger/filter. C1 [Cascella, M.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy. [Cascella, M.; Grancagnolo, F.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Milan, Italy. [Tassielli, G.] Univ G Marconi, Rome, Italy. [Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Cascella, M (reprint author), Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy. EM michele.cascella@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it; giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it RI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013 OI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.025 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500025 ER PT J AU Cascella, M Grancagnolo, F Mazzotta, P Miccoli, A Panareo, M Spedicato, M Tassielli, G AF Cascella, M. Grancagnolo, F. Mazzotta, P. Miccoli, A. Panareo, M. Spedicato, M. Tassielli, G. TI Characterization of Gas Mixtures for Ultra-Light Drift Chambers SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE drift chambers; gain measurement; Diethorn formula AB Low pressure helium/hydrocarbons mixtures are a key ingredient for next generation ultra-light drift chambers. Besides the obvious advantage of limiting the contribution to the momentum measurement due to multiple scattering, the operation at low pressure allows for a broad range of the drift chamber working parameters like drift velocity, diffusion, specific ionization and gas gain. Low pressure operation is of particular advantage for experiments where the tracking detector operates in vacuum. We present our campaign to characterize electron drift, primary ionization yield, gas gain, stability and the relative spatial resolution in helium based mixtures at absolute pressures down to 100 mbar. C1 [Cascella, M.; Panareo, M.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy. [Cascella, M.; Grancagnolo, F.; Mazzotta, P.; Miccoli, A.; Panareo, M.; Spedicato, M.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Milan, Italy. [Tassielli, G.] Univ G Marconi, Rome, Italy. [Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Cascella, M (reprint author), Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy. EM michele.cascella@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it; paola.mazzotta@le.infn.it; alessandro.miccoli@le.infn.it; marco.panareo@le.infn.it; matteo.spedicato@le.infn.it; giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it RI Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015; Panareo, Marco/Q-4563-2016; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015 OI Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Panareo, Marco/0000-0002-7757-5553; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 131 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.026 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500026 ER PT J AU Tassielli, GF AF Tassielli, G. F. TI The tracking system for the Mu2e experiment SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE Low mass; Tracker; Straw tube AB Mu2e will search for coherent, neutrino-less conversion of muons into electrons in the field of a nucleus to a few parts in 10(-17), a sensitivity improvement of a factor of 10(4) over existing limits. To reach the goal the Mu2e tracker has to efficiently identify and measure electrons with momentum of 105 MeV/c, with a resolution of the order of less than or similar to 150 keV/c, reject a large amount of backgrounds (average hit rate of similar to 15 kHz/cm(2)) and live in a high radiation environment (peak hit rate of similar to 3 MHz/cm(2)). Moreover it must have the ability to work in a vacuum environment (at 10(-4) Ton) and in a uniform magnetic field of 1 Tesla. We present the low mass straw based tracking device that is under development at Fermilab laboratory. C1 [Tassielli, G. F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Tassielli, G. F.] Univ Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy. [Tassielli, G. F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. RP Tassielli, GF (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it RI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015 OI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 137 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.028 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500028 ER PT J AU Chiarello, G Corvaglia, A Grancagnolo, F Panareo, M Pepino, A Primiceri, P Tassielli, G AF Chiarello, G. Corvaglia, A. Grancagnolo, F. Panareo, M. Pepino, A. Primiceri, P. Tassielli, G. TI A Full Front End Chain for Drift Chambers SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE Drift Chambers; Front End Electronics; Cluster Counting/Timing; FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) AB We developed a high performance full chain for drift chamber signals processing. The Front End electronics is a multistage amplifier board based on high performance commercial devices. In addition a fast readout algorithm for Cluster Counting and Timing purposes has been implemented on a Xilinx-Virtex 4 core FPGA. The algorithm analyzes and stores data coming from a Helium based drift tube and represents the outcome of balancing between efficiency and high speed performance. C1 [Chiarello, G.; Corvaglia, A.; Grancagnolo, F.; Panareo, M.; Pepino, A.; Primiceri, P.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Chiarello, G.; Panareo, M.; Pepino, A.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy. [Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Tassielli, G.] Univ Marconi, Rome, Italy. RP Pepino, A (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. EM gianluigi.chiarello@gmail.com; alessandro.corvaglia@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it; marco.panareo@le.infn.it; aurora.pepino@leinfn.it; patrizio.primiceri@le.infn.it; giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it RI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015; Panareo, Marco/Q-4563-2016; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015 OI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Chiarello, Gianluigi/0000-0002-3974-8388; Panareo, Marco/0000-0002-7757-5553; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 140 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.029 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500029 ER PT J AU Pezzullo, G Murat, P Sarra, I Luca, A AF Pezzullo, Gianantonio Murat, Pavel Sarra, Ivano Luca, Alessandra CA Mu2e Calorimeter Grp TI Cosmic background rejection by means of the calorimeter in the Mu2e experiment at Fermilab SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes CY MAY 06-08, 2013 CL Lecce, ITALY DE muons; charged-lepton-flavor-violation; muon conversion AB Mu2e experiment [1] searches for coherent, neutrino-less conversion of muons into electrons in the field of a nucleus with a sensitivity of fews parts in 10(-17) (a factor of 10(3)-10(4) over existing limits). Mu2e apparatus takes advantage of high intensity muon beams which hit muon stopping targets (devoted for the capture) and uses a basic detector system which is composed by a low-mass straw tubes tracker and by a LYSO crystal calorimeter. One of the main source of background which afflicts this measure is the cosmic induced background. To suppress and keep that source under control the calorimeter operates both: muon identification (with a muon rejection factor of about 10(2) - 10(3)) and fake-signal-electron (created via muon interactions with the experimental set-up) rejection. In this paper a description of the calorimeter role in cosmic suppression is reported showing results from GEANT4 simulations. C1 [Pezzullo, Gianantonio] Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Pezzullo, Gianantonio] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Milan, Italy. [Murat, Pavel] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Sarra, Ivano; Luca, Alessandra] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Milan, Italy. RP Pezzullo, G (reprint author), Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. EM pezzullo@pi.infn.it OI Pezzullo, Gianantonio/0000-0002-6653-1555 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD MAR-MAY PY 2014 VL 248 BP 143 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.030 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AJ7FB UT WOS:000337861500030 ER PT J AU Deaton, JD Irwin, RE DaSilva, LA AF Deaton, Juan D. Irwin, Ryan E. DaSilva, Luiz A. TI Dynamic spectrum access in LTE-advanced networks SO PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article DE Dynamic spectrum access; Long term evolution-advanced; Wireless network architecture; Cognitive radio AB As early as 2014, mobile network operators' spectral capacity will be overwhelmed by the demand brought on by new devices and applications. To augment capacity and meet this demand, operators may choose to deploy a Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) overlay. The signaling and functionality required by such an overlay have not yet been fully considered in the architecture of the planned Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE+) networks. This paper presents a Spectrum Accountability framework to be integrated into LTE+ architectures, defining specific element functionality, protocol interfaces, and signaling flow diagrams required to enforce the rights and responsibilities of primary and secondary users. We also quantify, through integer programs, the benefits of using DSA channels to augment capacity under a scenario in which the LTE+ network can opportunistically use TV and GSM spectra. The framework proposed here may serve as a guide in the development of future LTE+ network standards that account for DSA. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Deaton, Juan D.; Irwin, Ryan E.; DaSilva, Luiz A.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Deaton, Juan D.] Idaho Natl Lab, N&HS Directorate, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [DaSilva, Luiz A.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, CTVR, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Deaton, JD (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM juan.deaton@gmail.com; rei@vt.edu; ldasilva@vt.edu FU Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Ph.D. Candidate Program; Virginia Tech Bradley Fellowship; Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Ph.D. Candidate Program and Virginia Tech Bradley Fellowship. Work supported through the INL is supported through the Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Department of Energy or the U.S. Government. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-4907 J9 PHYS COMMUN-AMST JI Phys. Commun. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 10 BP 127 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.phycom.2013.11.001 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA V41RT UT WOS:000209564000010 ER PT J AU Seemann, KM Kronast, F Horner, A Valencia, S Wixforth, A Chaplik, AV Fischer, P AF Seemann, K. M. Kronast, F. Hoerner, A. Valencia, S. Wixforth, A. Chaplik, A. V. Fischer, P. TI ATTENUATION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES BY SPIN-WAVE EXCITATIONS IN Co60Fe20B20 SO SPIN LA English DT Article DE Spin waves; exchange bias; CoFeB; magnetic ripple domains; surface acoustic waves; SAW; photo-excitation electron microscopy; XPEEM AB The acousto-magnetic attenuation of surface acoustic waves (SAW) in an Co60Fe20B20 exchange spring magnet is evidenced experimentally. By high-resolution magnetic imaging using photo-excitation electron microscopy (XPEEM) and magnetometry measurements, the deflection of the ferromagnet from its equilibrium state is visualized. Along a harmonic oscillator model with damping term, the experimental observation of SAW attenuation is attributed to low-frequency spin wave generation in a magnetic exchange spring. Measuring the SAW attenuation at four eigenfrequencies generated via on-chip higher-harmonic generation, we obtain a sub-GHz resonance at f(0) = 538MHz. C1 [Seemann, K. M.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E21, Munich, Germany. [Seemann, K. M.] Tech Univ Munich, Heinz Maier Leibnitz Zentrum MLZ, Munich, Germany. [Kronast, F.; Valencia, S.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Berlin, Germany. [Hoerner, A.; Wixforth, A.] Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, Expt Phys 1, Augsburg, Germany. [Chaplik, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Semicond Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Fischer, P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Seemann, KM (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E21, Munich, Germany.; Seemann, KM (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Heinz Maier Leibnitz Zentrum MLZ, Munich, Germany. EM klaus.seemann@frm2.tum.de; klaus.seemann@frm2.tum.de RI Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010 OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 2010-3247 EI 2010-3255 J9 SPIN-SINGAPORE JI SPIN PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 IS 1 AR 1440005 DI 10.1142/S2010324714400050 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA V45SB UT WOS:000209835200006 ER PT J AU Loether, A Gao, Y Chen, Z DeCamp, MF Dufresne, EM Walko, DA Wen, H AF Loether, A. Gao, Y. Chen, Z. DeCamp, M. F. Dufresne, E. M. Walko, D. A. Wen, H. TI Transient crystalline superlattice generated by a photoacoustic transducer SO STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; COHERENT CONTROL; STREAK-CAMERA; PULSES; PHONONS; TIME; FILMS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DYNAMICS; PROTEIN AB Designing an efficient and simple method for modulating the intensity of x-ray radiation on a picosecond time-scale has the potential to produce ultrafast pulses of hard x-rays. In this work, we generate a tunable transient superlattice, in an otherwise perfect crystal, by photoexciting a metal film on a crystalline substrate. The resulting transient strain has amplitudes approaching 1%, wavevectors greater than 0: 002 angstrom(-1), and lifetimes approaching 1 ns. This method has the potential to generate isolated picosecond x-ray bursts with scattering efficiencies in excess of 10%. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Loether, A.; Gao, Y.; Chen, Z.; DeCamp, M. F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Dufresne, E. M.; Walko, D. A.; Wen, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Loether, A (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. FU DOE-EPSCoR [DE-FG02-11ER46816]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported from the DOE-EPSCoR Grant No. DE-FG02-11ER46816. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2329-7778 J9 STRUCT DYNAM-US JI Struct. Dyn.-US PD MAR PY 2014 VL 1 IS 2 AR 024301 DI 10.1063/1.4867494 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA CI8AD UT WOS:000354988600002 PM 26798773 ER PT J AU Mittal, S AF Mittal, Sparsh TI A survey of architectural techniques for improving cache power efficiency SO SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING-INFORMATICS & SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Cache energy saving techniques; Dynamic energy; Leakage energy; Power management; Energy efficiency; Green computing AB Modern processors are using increasingly larger sized on-chip caches. Also, with each CMOS technology generation, there has been a significant increase in their leakage energy consumption. For this reason, cache power management has become a crucial research issue in modern processor design. To address this challenge and also meet the goals of sustainable computing, researchers have proposed several techniques for improving energy efficiency of cache architectures. This paper surveys recent architectural techniques for improving cache power efficiency and also presents a classification of these techniques based on their characteristics. For providing an application perspective, this paper also reviews several real-world processor chips that employ cache energy saving techniques. The aim of this survey is to enable engineers and researchers to get insights into the techniques for improving cache power efficiency and motivate them to invent novel solutions for enabling low-power operation of caches. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mittal, Sparsh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Future Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Mittal, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Future Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM sparsh0mittal@gmail.com NR 148 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-5379 EI 2210-5387 J9 SUSTAIN COMPUT-INFOR JI Sust. Comput. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 4 IS 1 BP 33 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.suscom.2013.11.001 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA V41WN UT WOS:000209576400004 ER PT J AU Welsh, JS Young, J Gupta, R AF Welsh, J. S. Young, J. Gupta, R. TI Lionfish on the Loose in the Waters off St Vincent SO WEST INDIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Caribbean; envenomations; lionfish; St Vincent AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if the exotic venomous species, Pterois volitans (lionfish) had reached as far south as St Vincent in the Caribbean. This predatory marine fish has successfully invaded the waters of the Western Atlantic and the Caribbean. Such success as an exotic invasive species is rare for a predatory marine fish. It is possible that the fish are growing larger and spreading faster than anticipated, thanks to a lower burden of parasites and a paucity of natural predators in their new environment. But prior to this report, no sightings of this species this far south had been reported. Methods: The authors conducted a search along with the help of local divers and fishermen in the waters of St Vincent. Results: Approximately one year after the initiation of the search, a juvenile specimen was positively confirmed and captured off the southern coast of St Vincent. Conclusions: The exotic predatory and venomous red lionfish, Pterois volitans, has successfully invaded marine waters as far south as the Windward Islands. Fishermen in these regions should be aware of this venomous species in the region and physicians must be aware of how to manage stings from such animals. C1 [Welsh, J. S.; Gupta, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Welsh, J. S.; Young, J.] Trinity Sch Med, Ratho Mill, St Vincent. [Welsh, J. S.; Young, J.] Trinity Sch Med, Ratho Mill, Grenada. RP Welsh, JS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,Mail Stop 301, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM shermanwelsh@gmail.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU UNIV WEST INDIES FACULTY MEDICAL SCIENCES PI KINGSTON PA MONA CAMPUS, KINGSTON 7, JAMAICA SN 0043-3144 J9 W INDIAN MED J JI West Ind. Med. J. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 63 IS 2 BP 179 EP 181 DI 10.7727/wimj.2013.274 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CX2ZU UT WOS:000365566100013 PM 25303255 ER PT J AU Sun, XQ Do-Thanh, CL Luo, HM Dai, S AF Sun, Xiaoqi Chi-Linh Do-Thanh Luo, Huimin Dai, Sheng TI The optimization of an ionic liquid-based TALSPEAK-like process for rare earth ions separation SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Functionalized ionic liquids; Rare earth elements; Solvent extraction; TALSPEAK ID SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; TEMPERATURE; COPPER(II); ACIDS AB Five new functionalized ionic liquids (FILs), tetraethylammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([N-2222] [DEHPI), tetraethylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinite ([N-2222][BTMPPD, tetraethylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinite ([N-2222][BTMPDTP]), tetrahexylammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([N-6666][DEHP]), and tetraoctylammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([N-8888][DEHP]) were synthesized and characterized. These ILs along with two previously synthesized FILs ([N-4444][DEHP] and [N-1888][DEHP]) were used as ionic extractants and investigated for rare earth elements (REEs) separation in 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide/bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide ([C(10)mim][NTf2]/[BETI]). These FILs as ionic extractants were miscible with [C(10)mim][NTf2]/[BETI]. We herein report the applications of these FILs in an IL-based TALSPEAK-like process and the optimization of the process by adjusting the cations and anions of the FILs, concentrations of the FILs as ionic extractants in the IL phase, concentrations of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) in the aqueous phase, and acidities of the aqueous phase. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Xiaoqi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chi-Linh Do-Thanh; Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. [Sun, Xiaoqi] Chinese Acad Sci, Xiamen Inst Rare Earth Mat, Xiamen 361021, Peoples R China. RP Luo, HM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM luoh@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Do-Thanh, Chi-Linh/0000-0003-2263-8331 FU US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences [DE-AC05-0096OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU); DOE SISGR grant "An Integrated Basic Research Program for Advanced Nuclear Energy Separations Systems Based on Ionic Liquids" FX This research was supported by the US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract DE-AC05-0096OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. XQS acknowledges the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) for postdoctoral fellowships. Programmatic support via a DOE SISGR grant "An Integrated Basic Research Program for Advanced Nuclear Energy Separations Systems Based on Ionic Liquids" is gratefully acknowledged. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 7 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 EI 1873-3212 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 239 BP 392 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2013.11.041 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 300TA UT WOS:000330485700045 ER PT J AU Johnson, GE Sather, NK Skalski, JR Teel, DJ AF Johnson, G. E. Sather, N. K. Skalski, J. R. Teel, D. J. TI Application of diversity indices to quantify early life-history diversity for Chinook salmon SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Species diversity; Diversity index; Life history diversity; Chinook salmon; Juvenile salmon ID SHANNON-WIENER INDEX; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; PACIFIC SALMON; CONSISTENT TERMINOLOGY; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; PARTITIONING DIVERSITY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ESTUARY; RICHNESS AB We developed an approach to quantify early life history diversity for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Early life history diversity (ELHD) is the variation in morphological and behavioral traits expressed within and among populations by individual juvenile salmon during downstream migration. A standard quantitative method does not exist for this prominent concept in salmon biology. For Chinook salmon, ELHD reflects the multitude of possible strategies undertaken during the juvenile (fry through smolt) phases of their life cycle, where a life history strategy (or pattern) describes the combination of traits exhibited by an organism throughout its life cycle. Increasing life history diversity to improve resilience and aid recovery of diminished salmon and steelhead populations is a common objective in fish population recovery efforts. In this paper, we characterized early life history traits and prioritize timing and fish size as two appropriate, measurable dimensions for an ELHD index. We studied diversity index literature, identified an indexing approach based on the effective number of time-size trait combinations, and tested several candidate indices for performance and usefulness in case studies using juvenile salmon catch data from the lower Columbia River and estuary. The recommended ELHD index is diversity expressed as the effective number of time-size trait combinations for the Shannon Index, modified to include an adjustment for missing time-size trait combinations and a sample coverage factor. This index applies to multiple life history strategies of juvenile salmonids; incorporates fish abundance, richness, and evenness; and produces readily interpretable values. The ELHD index can support comparisons across like locales and examinations of trends through time at a given locale. It has application as a high-level indicator to track trends in the status of the recovery of salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River basin and elsewhere where salmon recovery efforts are under way. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnson, G. E.; Sather, N. K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. [Skalski, J. R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Teel, D. J.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Manchester, WA 98353 USA. RP Johnson, GE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 1529 West Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. EM gary.johnson@pnnl.gov; nichole.sather@pnnl.gov; jrs@cbr.washington.edu; david.teel@noaa.gov OI Skalski, John/0000-0002-7070-2505 FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers through the Columbia River Fish Mitigation Project; Heida Diefenderfer; Anadromous Fish Evaluation Program FX This research was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers through the Columbia River Fish Mitigation Project, as instituted under the Anadromous Fish Evaluation Program. We appreciate: oversight from Blaine Ebberts and Cynthia Studebaker, technical leads for the funding agency; reviews of early reports in this effort by Billy Connor; Earl Dawley, Tracy Hillman, and Roy Kropp; compilation of literature by Erin Donley; maps by Amy Borde; genetic stock identifications by David Kuligowski; technical reviews by Heida Diefenderfer, Curtis Roegner, Nick Tolimieri, and Eric Ward; technical editing by Susan Ennor; project management, editing, and support from Heida Diefenderfer; and peer-reviews by two anonymous reviewers. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 38 BP 170 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.11.005 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 300XP UT WOS:000330497600019 ER PT J AU Rohatgi, A Soulami, A Stephens, EV Davies, RW Smith, MT AF Rohatgi, Aashish Soulami, Ayoub Stephens, Elizabeth V. Davies, Richard W. Smith, Mark T. TI An investigation of enhanced formability in AA5182-O Al during high-rate free-forming at room-temperature: Quantification of deformation history SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Formability; High strain-rate; Forming limit diagram; Electro-hydraulic forming; Light-weight; Digital image correlation ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY SHEET; METAL; LIMITS AB The goal of this work is to improve our understanding of formability enhancement in aluminum (Al) sheet alloys that has generally been observed during high-strain-rate forming. In the mirk presented here, experiments and numerical modeling were used to investigate the room-temperature formability of AA5182-O Al alloy sheet (1 mm thick) at high strain-rates using the electro-hydraulic forming (EHF) technique. A finite element model, using Johnson-Cook constitutive equation, was developed to simulate the high-rate forming behavior of Al under EHF and test samples were designed to obtain different strain paths at the apex of the EHF domes. The deformation history of Al sheets, under free-forming conditions and inside a conical die, was experimentally determined and compared to the model predictions. Experimental data shows that the high-rate formability of AA5182-O Al at minor strains of similar to-0.1 and similar to 0.05, relative to its corresponding quasi-static formability, was enhanced locally by similar to 2.5x and similar to 6.5x under free-forming and when forming inside the conical die, respectively. The in-plane peak engineering strain-rate associated with the enhanced formability during free-forming was measured to be similar to 3900/s while the pre-impact strain-rate during conical-die forming was estimated to be similar to 4230/s. The strain-path associated with enhanced formability was experimentally determined under a free-forming case and was found to be in good agreement with that predicted by the numerical model. To the authors' knowledge, these results are the first to experimentally quantify the deformation history associated with enhanced formability that has often been reported in the literature. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rohatgi, Aashish; Soulami, Ayoub; Stephens, Elizabeth V.; Davies, Richard W.; Smith, Mark T.] PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rohatgi, A (reprint author), PNNL, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM aashish.rohatgi@pnnl.gov; ayoub.soulami@pnnl.gov; elizabeth.stephens@pnnl.gov; rich.davies@pnnl.gov; mark.smith@pnnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Lightweight Materials program FX The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was sponsored by Drs. Joseph Carpenter and Carol Schutte in association with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Lightweight Materials program. The authors are thankful to the technical team from the U.S. automotive industries for their suggestions. Capacitor banks' operational guidance provided by J. Johnson (Bonneville Power Administration), and technical support provided by G.L. Vanarsdale (Science Applications International Corporation) and PNNL staff (M.E. Dahl, K.F. Mattlin, P.A. Boyd and C.A. Bonebrake) is gratefully acknowledged. Technical support, to operate the cameras and image analysis using DIC software, provided by Alistair Tofts and Hubert Schreier at Correlated Solutions is also acknowledged. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-0136 J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH JI J. Mater. Process. Technol. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 214 IS 3 BP 722 EP 732 DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.07.015 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 296BL UT WOS:000330160000025 ER PT J AU Tong, JX Hu, BX Huang, H Guo, LJ Yang, JZ AF Tong, Juxiu Hu, Bill X. Huang, Hai Guo, Luanjin Yang, Jinzhong TI Application of a data assimilation method via an ensemble Kalman filter to reactive urea hydrolysis transport modeling SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Data assimilation; EnKF; Chemical concentration; Reactive urea hydrolysis transport; Reactive rate parameter ID ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; ECOSYSTEM MODEL; SOIL; CONTAMINATION; PRODUCTS; FLOW; PH AB With growing importance of water resources in the world, remediations of anthropogenic contaminations due to reactive solute transport become even more important. A good understanding of reactive rate parameters such as kinetic parameters is the key to accurately predicting reactive solute transport processes and designing corresponding remediation schemes. For modeling reactive solute transport, it is very difficult to estimate chemical reaction rate parameters due to complex processes of chemical reactions and limited available data. To find a method to get the reactive rate parameters for the reactive urea hydrolysis transport modeling and obtain more accurate prediction for the chemical concentrations, we developed a data assimilation method based on an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) method to calibrate reactive rate parameters for modeling urea hydrolysis transport in a synthetic one-dimensional column at laboratory scale and to update modeling prediction. We applied a constrained EnKF method to pose constraints to the updated reactive rate parameters and the predicted solute concentrations based on their physical meanings after the data assimilation calibration. From the study results we concluded that we could efficiently improve the chemical reactive rate parameters with the data assimilation method via the EnKF, and at the same time we could improve solute concentration prediction. The more data we assimilated, the more accurate the reactive rate parameters and concentration prediction. The filter divergence problem was also solved in this study. C1 [Tong, Juxiu; Hu, Bill X.] China Univ Geosci, Collage Water Resources & Environm Sci, Key Lab Groundwater Cycle & Environm Evolut, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Tong, Juxiu; Huang, Hai; Guo, Luanjin] Idaho Natl Lab, Carbon Resource Management Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Tong, Juxiu; Yang, Jinzhong] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Tong, Juxiu; Hu, Bill X.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci Geol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Hu, BX (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, Collage Water Resources & Environm Sci, Key Lab Groundwater Cycle & Environm Evolut, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM hu@gly.fsu.edu FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51209187]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2652011286]; National Nature Science Foundation of China Major Research Project [91125024] FX This work is partly supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51209187), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2652011286) and the National Nature Science Foundation of China Major Research Project (Grant No. 91125024). NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1436-3240 EI 1436-3259 J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 729 EP 741 DI 10.1007/s00477-013-0786-y PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water Resources GA 298RR UT WOS:000330342600021 ER PT J AU Ahmed, M Sauck, W Sultan, M Yan, E Soliman, F Rashed, M AF Ahmed, Mohamed Sauck, William Sultan, Mohamed Yan, Eugene Soliman, Farouk Rashed, Mohamed TI Geophysical Constraints on the Hydrogeologic and Structural Settings of the Gulf of Suez Rift-Related Basins: Case Study from the El Qaa Plain, Sinai, Egypt SO SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Gravity; Aeromagnetic; Sinai Peninsula; Groundwater; Sustainable utilization ID ANALYTIC SIGNAL; TRANSFER ZONES; RED-SEA; AREA; STRATIGRAPHY; GEOMETRY; GEOLOGY AB Groundwater has been identified as one of the major freshwater sources that can potentially meet the growing demands of Egypt's population. Gravity data (from 381 ground gravity stations) were collected, processed, and analyzed together with the available aeromagnetic (800 line-km) data to investigate the hydrogeologic and structural settings, areal distribution, geometry, and water storage of the aquifers in El Qaa coastal plain in the southwest Sinai Peninsula, and to assess their longevity given projected extraction rates. Findings include (1) complete Bouguer anomaly and total magnetic intensity maps show two connected sub-basins separated by a narrow saddle with an average basin length of 43 km and an average width of 12 km; (2) two-dimensional modeling of both gravity and magnetic data indicates basin fill with a maximum thickness of 3.5 km; (3) using anomalous residual gravity, the volume of water in storage was estimated at 40-56 km(3); and (4) progressive increases in extraction rates over time will deplete up to 40 % of the aquifers' volume in 200-230 years and will cause the water quality to deteriorate due to seawater intrusion in 45 years. Similar geophysical exploration campaigns, if conducted over the entire coastal plains of the Red Sea and the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba, could assist in the development of sound and sustainable management schemes for the freshwater resources in these areas. The adopted techniques could pave the way toward the establishment of sustainable utilization schemes for a much larger suite of similar aquifers worldwide. C1 [Ahmed, Mohamed; Sauck, William; Sultan, Mohamed] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geosci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Ahmed, Mohamed; Soliman, Farouk; Rashed, Mohamed] Suez Canal Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geol, Ismailia, Egypt. [Yan, Eugene] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rashed, Mohamed] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Earth Sci, Dept Geophys, Jeddah 21441, Saudi Arabia. RP Sultan, M (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geosci, 1903 W Michigan Ave,1187 Rood Hall, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. EM mohamed.sultan@wmich.edu RI Rashed, Mohamed/J-5793-2012; OI Rashed, Mohamed/0000-0002-4977-9209; Sauck, William/0000-0003-2911-3044 FU NATO Science for Peace [SFP 982614] FX Research is supported by a NATO Science for Peace (Grant SFP 982614) awarded to Western Michigan University. We thank Dr. Kamal Ghodeif for providing static water level measurements. We also thank Dr. Khaled Mamoun, Mr. Islam Nagi, and Mrs. Lamees Mohamed for assisting in the collection of the 2011 gravity data. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-3298 EI 1573-0956 J9 SURV GEOPHYS JI Surv. Geophys. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 35 IS 2 BP 415 EP 430 DI 10.1007/s10712-013-9259-6 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 298UB UT WOS:000330348900005 ER PT J AU Kim, D Choi, S Shaddix, CR Geier, M AF Kim, Daehee Choi, Sangmin Shaddix, Christopher R. Geier, Manfred TI Effect of CO2 gasification reaction on char particle combustion in oxy-fuel conditions SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE CO2 gasification; Oxy-combustion; Pulverized coal; Char burnout simulation; High-temperature kinetics ID PULVERIZED COAL CHAR; SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; KINETICS; DEVOLATILIZATION; TECHNOLOGY; ATMOSPHERE; PRESSURE; FURNACE; O-2/N-2 AB CO2 gasification of coal char may play an important role in oxy-combustion environments with flue gas recirculation (FGR), but its effect on the overall reaction rate has not been clearly understood. To give clarity to the likely impact of CO2 gasification on the oxy-combustion of pulverized coal chars, burnout simulations of coal char particles were carried out, adopting apparent char reactivity and a single-film model that includes the Stefan flow effect on mass and energy transfer. Three oxygen concentrations (21%, 30%, and 5% O-2), representing air, oxy-fuel, and oxygen-deficient combustion environments were simulated. A new experimental approach was used to directly measure the CO2 gasification rate of a subbituminous coal char at high temperatures and atmospheric pressure. The measured gasification rate is somewhat higher than previous measurements. The simulation results show that the endothermic gasification reaction reduces the char particle temperature and thereby reduces the oxidation rates. However, due to the contribution of the direct gasification reaction on carbon consumption, the char burnout time and the carbon consumption were improved. The gasification reaction has a greater influence on the char burnout time and the relative carbon consumption in an oxygen-deficient environment and on the drop of particle temperature in an oxygen-enriched environment (for a given gas temperature). In addition, the influence of the gasification reaction on char combustion increases as the gas temperature increases and as the particle size increases. Further, it was observed that the impact of the gasification reaction is dependent on the presumed kinetic rate, which highlights the importance of using reliable kinetic parameters in simulations. Based on the present results, it is important to include the gasification reaction by CO2 when simulating char combustion in oxy-fuel combustion environments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Daehee; Choi, Sangmin] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Shaddix, Christopher R.; Geier, Manfred] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Choi, S (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, 291 Daehak Ro, Taejon 305701, South Korea. EM smchoi@kaist.ac.kr RI Choi, Sangmin/C-1928-2011 FU Korean government; Brain Korea 21 Project; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Power Systems Advanced Research Program; U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX D. Kim has led this research as a part of Ph.D. dissertation requirement at KAIST. Experimental work was conducted at Sandia National Laboratories, where D. Kim joined the team as a visiting researcher. Support for D. Kim's visit at Sandia was provided by the Korean government scholarship, the Brain Korea 21 Project, and also by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Power Systems Advanced Research Program. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 44 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD MAR PY 2014 VL 120 BP 130 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.12.004 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 296XL UT WOS:000330218600015 ER PT J AU Li, L Zhang, XX Chen, RJ Zhao, TL Lu, J Wu, F Amine, K AF Li, Li Zhang, Xiaoxiao Chen, Renjie Zhao, Taolin Lu, Jun Wu, Feng Amine, Khalil TI Synthesis and electrochemical performance of cathode material Li1.2Co0.13Ni0.13Mn0.54O2 from spent lithium-ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Spent lithium-ion battery; Leaching solution; Li-rich cathode material; Oxalic acid co-precipitation ID SECONDARY BATTERIES; COBALT OXIDE; RECOVERY; ELECTRODES; LICOO2; COPRECIPITATION; LEACHANT; CAPACITY; OXALATE; ACID AB Li-rich layered oxide Li1.2Co0.13Ni0.13Mn0.54O2 has been successfully re-synthesized using the ascorbic acid leaching solution of spent lithium-ion batteries as the raw materials. A combination of oxalic acid co-precipitation, hydrothermal and calcination processes was applied to synthesize this material. For comparison, a fresh sample with the same composition has been also synthesized from the commercial raw materials using the same method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical measurements are carried out to characterize these samples. XRD results indicate that both samples have the layered alpha-NaFeO2 structures with a space group of R(3) over bar m. No other crystalline phase was detected by XRD. The electrochemical results show that the re-synthesized and fresh-synthesized sample can deliver discharge capacities as high as 258.8 and 264.2 mAh g(-1) at the first cycle, respectively. After 50 cycles, discharge capacities of 225.1 and 228 mAh g(-1) can be obtained with capacity retention of 87.0 and 86.3%, respectively. This study suggests that the leaching solution from spent lithium ion batteries can be recycled to synthesize Li-rich cathode materials with good electrochemical performance. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Li; Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Chen, Renjie; Zhao, Taolin; Wu, Feng] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Environm, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Lu, Jun; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, RJ (reprint author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Environm, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM chenrj@bit.edu.cn; amine@anl.gov FU International S&T Cooperation Program of China [2010DFB63370]; Chinese National 973 Program [2009CB220106]; Beijing Nova Program [Z121103002512029]; Beijing Excellent Talents Plan Funding; New Century Educational Talents Plan of the Chinese Education Ministry [NCET-12-0050]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0206CH11357]; Vehicle Technologies Office, Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) FX The experimental work of this study was supported by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China (2010DFB63370), the Chinese National 973 Program (2009CB220106), Beijing Nova Program (Z121103002512029), Beijing Excellent Talents Plan Funding and the New Century Educational Talents Plan of the Chinese Education Ministry (NCET-12-0050). This work was also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC0206CH11357 provided by the Vehicle Technologies Office, Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). This work especially thanks to US-China Electric Vehicle and Battery Technology between Argonne National Laboratory and Beijing Institute of Technology. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 17 U2 231 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 249 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.092 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 297LG UT WOS:000330256300005 ER PT J AU Ren, F Cox, T Wang, H AF Ren, Fei Cox, Thomas Wang, Hsin TI Thermal runaway risk evaluation of Li-ion cells using a pinch-torsion test SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Li-ion battery; Internal short circuit; Mechanical abuse; Thermal stability AB Internal short circuit (ISCr) can lead to failure of Li-ion cells and sometimes result in thermal runaway. Understanding the behavior of Li-ion cells in ISCr condition is thus critical to evaluate the safety of these energy storage devices. In the current work, a pinch torsion test is developed to simulate ISCr in a controlled manner. It is demonstrated that the torsional component superimposed on compression loading can reduce the axial load required to induce ISCr with smaller short spot size. Using this pinch-torsion test, two types of commercial Li-ion pouch cells were tested under different state of charge (SOC). Based on the severity of the cell damage, a series of thermal runaway risk scores were used to rate the thermal stability of these cells. One of the cell types showed significantly increased hazard as the SOC increased while the other type exhibited relative uniform behavior among different SOC. Therefore, this novel pinch-torsion test seems to be an attractive candidate for safety testing of Li-ion cells due to its abilities to consistently create small ISCr spots and to differentiate cell stability in a wide range of SOC. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ren, Fei; Cox, Thomas; Wang, Hsin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM wangh2@ornl.gov RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the Department of Energy; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-000R22725]; High Temperature Materials Laboratory program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Vehicle Technologies of the Department of Energy and was carried out at Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-000R22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. The microscopic equipment used in this study was supported by the High Temperature Materials Laboratory program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The authors also acknowledge Drs. Yanfei Gao and Edgar Lara-Curzio of ORNL for helpful discussions and suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 9 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 249 BP 156 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.058 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 297LG UT WOS:000330256300023 ER PT J AU Chen-Wiegart, YCK DeMike, R Erdonmez, C Thornton, K Barnett, SA Wang, J AF Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen Karen DeMike, Ross Erdonmez, Can Thornton, Katsuyo Barnett, Scott A. Wang, Jun TI Tortuosity characterization of 3D microstructure at nano-scale for energy storage and conversion materials SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium ion battery; Solid oxide fuel cell; Tortuosity; X-ray tomography; Three dimensional structure; Novel charaterization ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; LI-ION BATTERY; CURRENT FLOW-RATES; X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; POROUS-MEDIA; ANODE; DIFFUSIVITY; DISTRIBUTIONS AB A distance propagation method is presented for calculating tortuosity with relatively low computation time from three-dimensional (3D) tomographic data. Moreover, a novel concept of tortuosity distribution is developed to provide a more comprehensive picture of inhomogeneous microstructures where tortuosity depends on the actual 3D paths. Instead of using one single tortuosity value, the tortuosity distribution both as spatial distribution map and also statistic histogram can provide a more complete description. The method, which can be applied to any porous medium, is tested against a diffusion-based tortuosity calculation on two 3D microstructures: a LiCoO2 cathode electrode of lithium ion battery measured by x-ray nano-tomography and a lanthanum strontium rnanganite-ttria-stabilized zirconia, solid oxide fuel cells cathode measured using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy serial sectioning. The present method is shown to provide good-agreement with the effective diffusion-based tortuosity values. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen Karen; Wang, Jun] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [DeMike, Ross; Thornton, Katsuyo] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Erdonmez, Can] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Barnett, Scott A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, 744 Ring Rd, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM junwang@bnl.gov RI Barnett, Scott/B-7502-2009; OI /0000-0002-1227-5293 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0907639/0907030] FX We are grateful that Prof. Eric Maire provided us with the methodology developed by his group. We thank William Harris and Prof. Wilson Chiu for the helpful discussion. We thank Dr. Fernando Camino for assisting the development of the sample preparation procedure using FIB-SEM. Research carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Scott Barnett and Katsuyo Thornton gratefully acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number DMR-0907639/0907030. NR 39 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 12 U2 122 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 249 BP 349 EP 356 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.026 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 297LG UT WOS:000330256300045 ER PT J AU Li, GS Lu, XC Kim, JY Lemmon, JP Sprenkle, VL AF Li, Guosheng Lu, Xiaochuan Kim, Jin Y. Lemmon, John P. Sprenkle, Vincent L. TI Improved cycling behavior of ZEBRA battery operated at intermediate temperature of 175 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Sodium-nickel chloride battery; Metallization; Interfacial polarization; Sodium wetting problem ID CHLORIDE BATTERIES AB Operation of the sodium-nickel chloride battery at temperatures below 200 degrees C reduces cell degradation and improves cyclability. One of the main technical issues with operating this battery at intermediate temperatures such as 175 degrees C is the poor wettability of molten sodium on beta ''-alumina solid electrolyte (BASE), which causes reduced active area and limits charging. In order to overcome the poor wettability of molten sodium on BASE at 175 degrees C, a Pt grid was applied on the anode side of the BASE using a screen printing technique. Cells with their active area increased by metallized SASEs exhibited deeper charging and stable cycling behavior. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Y.; Lemmon, John P.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kim, JY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jin.Kim@pnnl.gov FU Energy Storage Systems program; Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work is supported by the Energy Storage Systems program, which is managed by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 249 BP 414 EP 417 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.110 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 297LG UT WOS:000330256300053 ER PT J AU Bloom, I Trahey, L Abouimrane, A Belharouak, I Zhang, XF Wu, QL Lu, WQ Abraham, DP Bettge, M Elam, JW Meng, XB Burrell, AK Ban, CM Tenent, R Nanda, J Dudney, N AF Bloom, Ira Trahey, Lynn Abouimrane, Ali Belharouak, Ilias Zhang, Xiaofeng Wu, Qingliu Lu, Wenquan Abraham, Daniel P. Bettge, Martin Elam, Jeffrey W. Meng, Xiangbo Burrell, Anthony K. Ban, Chunmei Tenent, Robert Nanda, Jagjit Dudney, Nancy TI Effect of interface modifications on voltage fade in 0.5Li(2)MnO(3)center dot 0.5LiNi(0.375)Mn(0.375)CO(0.25)O(2) cathode materials SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion batteries; Composite cathode materials; Voltage fade; Coatings; Electrolyte additives ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; RICH COMPOSITE CATHODE; ELECTROLYTE ADDITIVES; SURFACE MODIFICATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; POSITIVE ELECTRODE; LICOO2 CATHODE; PERFORMANCE; STABILITY AB The effects of the coatings Al2O3, LiAIO(5), ZrO2, TiO2, AlPO4, and LiPON and of the electrolyte additives 3-hexylthiophene and lithium difluoro (oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) on the voltage fade phenomenon in 0.5Li(2)Mn0(3)center dot 0.5LiNi(0.375)Mn(0.375)Co(0.25)O(2) cathodes were investigated. Cells containing these materials or additives were cycled according to a standard protocol at room temperature between 2.0 and 4.7 V vs. Li/Li. As expected, the cells containing either an additive or a coated cathode displayed less capacity loss than cells containing an uncoated cathode and no additive. The voltage fade phenomenon was quantified in terms of changes in the average cell voltage (Wh/Ah). The results indicate that, within experimental error, all of the coatings and additives produced little-to-no effect on voltage fade. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bloom, Ira; Trahey, Lynn; Abouimrane, Ali; Belharouak, Ilias; Zhang, Xiaofeng; Wu, Qingliu; Lu, Wenquan; Abraham, Daniel P.; Bettge, Martin; Burrell, Anthony K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Elam, Jeffrey W.; Meng, Xiangbo] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ban, Chunmei; Tenent, Robert] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Nanda, Jagjit; Dudney, Nancy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bloom, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ira.bloom@anl.gov FU U.S Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies [DE-ACO2-06CH11357]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Vehicles Technology Office of the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) [24282]; Vehicle Technologies Program for the EERE [DE-ACO5000R22725] FX The work at Argonne National Laboratory was performed under the auspices of the U.S Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. J. W. Elam and X. Meng were supported as part of the Center for Electrical Energy Storage: Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Robert Tenent and Chunmei Ban thank Dr. Peter Faguy for funding under the Applied Batteries Research (ABR) program from the Vehicles Technology Office of the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under DOE Agreement #24282. The research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under contract DE-ACO5000R22725, is sponsored by the Vehicle Technologies Program for the EERE. NR 54 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 12 U2 201 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 1 PY 2014 VL 249 BP 509 EP 514 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.035 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 297LG UT WOS:000330256300065 ER PT J AU Iqbal, M ul Islam, G Saleem, S Herrmannsfeldt, WB AF Iqbal, Munawar ul Islam, Ghalib Saleem, Safa Herrmannsfeldt, W. B. TI Optimization of the hairpin-source electron gun using EGUN SO VACUUM LA English DT Article DE Emission density; Power density; Beam convergence; EGUN ID POINT CATHODE; BEAM; SURFACE AB We present a comparison of the experimental and simulated results of the thermionic hairpin-source, electron beam assembly using the SLAC electron beam trajectory program (EGUN). The gun was optimized for maximum emission current density and beam convergence in the post anode region. Therefore, by optimizing different parameters, an emission current density of 32 A/cm(2) with maximum beam convergence of 0.9 mm was obtained. This corresponds to a power density of 3.29 x 10(5) W/cm(2) at the focus point. As this was accomplished without the aid of magnetic focusing, the assembly was much simplified. The gun can now be used for electron devices and accelerator technology which require high current and power densities. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Iqbal, Munawar; ul Islam, Ghalib; Saleem, Safa] Univ Punjab, Ctr High Energy Phys, Lahore, Pakistan. [Herrmannsfeldt, W. B.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Iqbal, M (reprint author), Univ Punjab, Ctr High Energy Phys, Lahore, Pakistan. EM muniqbal@yahoo.com FU Centre for High Energy Physics, University of Punjab Lahore, Pakistan; Higher Education commission of Pakistan FX We are highly grateful to Centre for High Energy Physics, University of Punjab Lahore, Pakistan and Higher Education commission of Pakistan for providing computational facilities and funding to accomplish this work. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0042-207X J9 VACUUM JI Vacuum PD MAR PY 2014 VL 101 SI SI BP 157 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2013.08.005 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 295UY UT WOS:000330143000029 ER PT J AU Zawadzki, RJ Capps, AG Kim, DY Panorgias, A Stevenson, SB Hamann, B Werner, JS AF Zawadzki, Robert J. Capps, Arlie G. Kim, Dae Yu Panorgias, Athanasios Stevenson, Scott B. Hamann, Bernd Werner, John S. TI Progress on Developing Adaptive Optics-Optical Coherence Tomography for In Vivo Retinal Imaging: Monitoring and Correction of Eye Motion Artifacts SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Aberration compensation; adaptive optics; imaging system; motion artifact correction; ophthalmology; optical coherence tomography; scanning laser ophthalmoscopy ID SCANNING LASER OPHTHALMOSCOPY; SCATTERED DATA INTERPOLATION; NERVE-FIBER BUNDLES; LIVING HUMAN RETINA; ULTRAHIGH-RESOLUTION; HIGH-SPEED; CONE PHOTORECEPTORS; LIGHT; INTERFEROMETRY; NEUROPATHIES AB Recent progress in retinal image acquisition techniques, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), combined with improved performance of adaptive optics (AO) instrumentation, has resulted in improvement in the quality of in vivo images of cellular structures in the human retina. Here, we present a short review of progress on developing AO-OCT instruments. Despite significant progress in imaging speed and resolution, eye movements present during acquisition of a retinal image with OCT introduce motion artifacts into the image, complicating analysis and registration. This effect is especially pronounced in high-resolution datasets acquired with AO-OCT instruments. Several retinal tracking systems have been introduced to correct retinal motion during data acquisition. We present a method for correcting motion artifacts in AO-OCT volume data after acquisition using simultaneously captured adaptive optics-scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO) images. We extract transverse eye motion data from the AO-SLO images, assign a motion adjustment vector to each AO-OCTA-scan, and re-sample from the scattered data back onto a regular grid. The corrected volume data improve the accuracy of quantitative analyses of microscopic structures. C1 [Zawadzki, Robert J.; Kim, Dae Yu; Panorgias, Athanasios; Werner, John S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Vis Sci & Adv Retinal Imaging Lab VSRI, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Zawadzki, Robert J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Cell Biol & Human Anat, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Capps, Arlie G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Vis Sci & Adv Retinal Imaging Lab VSRI, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Capps, Arlie G.; Hamann, Bernd] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, IDAV, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Capps, Arlie G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Stevenson, Scott B.] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RP Zawadzki, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Vis Sci & Adv Retinal Imaging Lab VSRI, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. EM rjzawadzki@ucdavis.edu; agcapps@ucdavis.edu; dyukim@ucdavis.edu; apanorgias@ucdavis.edu; SBStevenson@UH.edu; hamann@cs.ucdavis.edu; jswerner@ucdavis.edu RI Zawadzki, Robert/E-7534-2011 OI Zawadzki, Robert/0000-0002-9574-156X FU National Eye Institute [EY 014743]; Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB); U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344.LLNL-JRNL-639865] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Scot Olivier and Steve Jones of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the VSRI UC Davis lab members Suman Pilli, Ravi Jonnal and Susan Garcia. This research was supported by the National Eye Institute (EY 014743) and Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB). It also performed, in part, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.LLNL-JRNL-639865 NR 92 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1077-260X EI 1558-4542 J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD MAR-APR PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 AR 7100912 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2013.2288302 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 293TS UT WOS:000329997200029 ER PT J AU Beerer, D McDonell, V Therkelsen, P Cheng, RK AF Beerer, David McDonell, Vincent Therkelsen, Peter Cheng, Robert K. TI Flashback and Turbulent Flame Speed Measurements in Hydrogen/Methane Flames Stabilized by a Low-Swirl Injector at Elevated Pressures and Temperatures SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID PREMIXED GAS-TURBINES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION AB This paper reports flashback limits and turbulent flame local displacement speed measurements in flames stabilized by a low swirl injector operated at elevated pressures and inlet temperatures with hydrogen and methane blended fuels. The goal of this study is to understand the physics that relate turbulent flame speed to flashback events at conditions relevant to gas turbine engines. Testing was conducted in an optically accessible single nozzle combustor rig at pressures ranging from 1 to 8 atm, inlet temperatures from 290 to 600 K, and inlet bulk velocities between 20 and 60 m/s for natural gas and a 90%/10% (by volume) hydrogen/methane blend. The propensity of flashback is dependent upon the proximity of the lifted flame to the nozzle that is itself dependent upon pressure, inlet temperature, and bulk velocity. Flashback occurs when the leading edge of the flame in the core of the flow ingresses within the nozzle, even in cases when the flame is attached to the burner rim. In general the adiabatic flame temperature at flashback is proportional to the bulk velocity and inlet temperature and inversely proportional to the pressure. The unburned reactant velocity field approaching the flame was measured using a laser Doppler velocimeter with water seeding. Turbulent displacement flame speeds were found to be linearly proportional to the root mean square of the velocity fluctuations about the mean velocity. For identical inlet conditions, high-hydrogen flames had a turbulent flame local displacement speed roughly twice that of natural gas flames. Pressure, inlet temperature, and flame temperature had surprisingly little effect on the local displacement turbulent flame speed. However, the flow field is affected by changes in inlet conditions and is the link between turbulent flame speed, flame position, and flashback propensity. C1 [Beerer, David; McDonell, Vincent] UC Irvine Combust Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Therkelsen, Peter; Cheng, Robert K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McDonell, V (reprint author), UC Irvine Combust Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM djb@ucicl.uci.edu; vgm@ucicl.uci.edu; ptherkelsen@lbl.gov; rkcheng@lbl.gov FU California Energy Commission (CEC); Naval Office of Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; [500-08-034] FX The authors would like to thank the students and staff at the UCICL for their assistance, specifically Adrian Narvaez, Joe Velasco, Kyle Dykman, Adam Silver, Guillermo Gomez, Rich Hack, and Professor Scott Samuelsen. The authors also thank Dr. David Littlejohn (LBNL) and Dr. Bobby Noble (Georgia Tech) for helpful discussions with the experimental setup. Most of the experimental setup and analysis was supported by Contract No. 500-08-034 with the California Energy Commission (CEC) under the direction of Marla Mueller. The LDV system was purchased with funding from the Naval Office of Research. LBNL authors were supported by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Advanced Turbines Program, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 21 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD MAR PY 2014 VL 136 IS 3 AR 031502 DI 10.1115/1.4025636 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 293AI UT WOS:000329943400006 ER PT J AU Clementson, J Beiersdorfer, P Brage, T Gu, MF AF Clementson, J. Beiersdorfer, P. Brage, T. Gu, M. F. TI Atomic data and theoretical X-ray spectra of Ge-like through V-like W ions SO ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; NI-LIKE IONS; HIGHLY IONIZED TUNGSTEN; ZN-LIKE IONS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; ENERGY-LEVELS; CU-LIKE; TRANSITIONS; LINES AB The atomic structure and spectra of ten tungsten ions have been calculated using the Flexible Atomic Code. The calculations yield energy levels, radiative lifetimes, spectral line positions, transition probability rates, and oscillator strengths for the tungsten ions isoelectronic to germanium, W42+, through vanadium, W51+. Collisional-radiative models for high-temperature, low-density plasmas have been implemented to produce line emissivities for X-ray transitions in the 1-4 keV (3-12 angstrom) spectral interval. The Ge-like through V-like W ions are important in nuclear fusion research where their spectra may provide diagnostic information on magnetically confined plasmas. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Clementson, J.; Beiersdorfer, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Clementson, J.; Brage, T.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Gu, M. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clementson, J (reprint author), EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, DE-17491 Greifswald, Germany. EM joel.clementson@ipp.mpg.de FU United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA-27344]; LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development [09-ERD-016] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA-27344 and supported by LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Contract No. 09-ERD-016. The work was carried out as part of the Livermore WOLFRAM Project and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Coordinated Research Project Spectroscopic and Collisional Data for Tungsten from 1 eV to 20 keV. NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0092-640X EI 1090-2090 J9 ATOM DATA NUCL DATA JI Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tables PD MAR PY 2014 VL 100 IS 2 BP 577 EP 649 DI 10.1016/j.adt.2013.07.002 PG 73 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 289KN UT WOS:000329681500004 ER PT J AU Boye, RR Sweatt, WC Jared, BH Ison, AM Winrow, EG Saavedra, MP Hunt, JP AF Boye, Robert R. Sweatt, William C. Jared, Bradley H. Ison, Aaron M. Winrow, Edward G. Saavedra, Michael P. Hunt, Jeffery P. TI Design of head-mounted binoculars utilizing freeform surfaces SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE freeform optics; head-mounted optics; diamond turning; reflective optics AB Sandia has designed and prototyped a monocular for the use in a head-mounted system. The all-reflective design approach utilized freeform and aspheric surfaces to surpass the performance available from more conventional reflective designs. The prototyped design demonstrated and validated the design approach, mirror fabrication process, and alignment of the system. The system exhibited a magnification of 6.6x, a field-of-view of 4.5 deg, and an excellent image quality. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) C1 [Boye, Robert R.; Sweatt, William C.; Jared, Bradley H.; Ison, Aaron M.; Winrow, Edward G.; Saavedra, Michael P.; Hunt, Jeffery P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Boye, RR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0828, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rboye@sandia.gov FU DARPA SCENICC program; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank the technical reviewers for their constructive feedback. In particular, the tool measurement that uncovered the squareness error was motivated by specific comments from one of the technical reviewers. The result is not just an improved paper, but improved performance on the future work. This work was supported by the DARPA SCENICC program. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 53 IS 3 AR 031310 DI 10.1117/1.OE.53.3.031310 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 287VS UT WOS:000329571000016 ER PT J AU Tsitron, J Kreller, CR Sekhar, PK Mukundan, R Garzon, FH Brosha, EL Morozov, AV AF Tsitron, Julia Kreller, Cortney R. Sekhar, Praveen K. Mukundan, Rangachary Garzon, Fernando H. Brosha, Eric L. Morozov, Alexandre V. TI Bayesian decoding of the ammonia response of a zirconia-based mixed-potential sensor in the presence of hydrocarbon interference SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Mixed-potential sensor; Electrochemical sensor; Bayesian modeling; Engine exhaust analysis ID EXHAUST-GAS RECIRCULATION; STATE IONIC DEVICES; STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; OXIDE ELECTRODES; NOX SENSORS; COMBUSTION; REDUCTION; EMISSIONS; ENGINE; ARRAYS AB Zirconia-based mixed-potential sensors are a promising technology for monitoring levels of nitrogen oxides and ammonia in diesel engine exhaust. However, in addition to the target gases these sensors react to unburned hydrocarbons present in the gas mixture. The observed cross-interference between target and non-target gases cannot be fully mitigated by applying different bias currents to the sensor. On the other hand, sensor sensitivity and selectivity toward various components of the mixture depend on the bias current setting, allowing us to effectively create an array of sensors by applying different bias currents to the same device. Here we show how such an array can be used to predict absolute concentrations of ammonia in the presence of propylene. Our Bayesian framework can be easily generalized to other types of sensors and to more complex chemical mixtures. It consists of two steps: the calibration step, in which the parameters of the model are determined a priori in the laboratory setting, and the prediction step, which mimics the deployment of the device in real-world conditions. We investigate a linear model, in which response of the sensor to each gas is assumed to be additive, and a nonlinear model, which takes interference between gases into account. We find that the nonlinear model, although more complex, yields more accurate predictions. We also find that relatively few sensor readings and bias current settings are required to make reliable predictions of gas concentrations in the mixture, making our approach feasible in a variety of automotive and other technological settings. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tsitron, Julia; Morozov, Alexandre V.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Tsitron, Julia; Morozov, Alexandre V.] Rutgers State Univ, BioMaPS Inst Quantitat Biol, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Kreller, Cortney R.; Mukundan, Rangachary; Garzon, Fernando H.; Brosha, Eric L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sekhar, Praveen K.] Washington State Univ, Vancouver, WA USA. RP Brosha, EL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM brosha@lanl.gov; morozov@physics.rutgers.edu RI Morozov, Alexandre/E-1984-2016; OI Morozov, Alexandre/0000-0003-2598-7000; Kreller, Cortney/0000-0003-2180-2494; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 FU US DOE, EERE, Vehicle Technology Programs; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship FX This research was funded by the US DOE, EERE, Vehicle Technology Programs. The authors wish to thank Technology Development Manager Roland Gravel. A.V.M. acknowledges support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 192 BP 283 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2013.10.115 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 282JP UT WOS:000329167500040 ER PT J AU Sudasinghe, N Dungan, B Lammers, P Albrecht, K Elliott, D Hallen, R Schaub, T AF Sudasinghe, Nilusha Dungan, Barry Lammers, Peter Albrecht, Karl Elliott, Doug Hallen, Rich Schaub, Tanner TI High resolution FT-ICR mass spectral analysis of bio-oil and residual water soluble organics produced by hydrothermal liquefaction of the marine microalga Nannochloropsis salina SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Microalgae; Biofuel; Nannochloropsis; Hydrothermal liquefaction; FT-ICR MS ID FIELD DESORPTION IONIZATION; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; NEGATIVE-ION; CRUDE-OIL; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITIONS; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; HEAVY PETROLEUM; FAST PYROLYSIS; SPECTROMETRY; ACIDS AB We report a detailed compositional characterization of a bio-crude oil and aqueous by-product from hydrothermal liquefaction of Nannochloropsis salina by direct infusion Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) in both positive-and negative-ionization modes. The FT-ICR MS instrumentation approach facilitates direct assignment of elemental composition to >7000 resolved mass spectral peaks and three-dimensional mass spectral images for individual heteroatom classes highlight compositional diversity of the two samples and provide a baseline description of these materials. Aromatic nitrogen compounds and free fatty acids are predominant species observed in both the bio-oil and aqueous fraction. Residual organic compounds present in the aqueous fraction show distributions that are slightly lower in both molecular ring and/or double bond value and carbon number relative to those found in the bio-oil, albeit with a high degree of commonality between the two compositions. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sudasinghe, Nilusha; Dungan, Barry; Schaub, Tanner] New Mexico State Univ, Chem Anal & Instrumentat Lab, Coll Agr Consumer & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Lammers, Peter] New Mexico State Univ, Energy Res Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Albrecht, Karl; Elliott, Doug; Hallen, Rich] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Schaub, T (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Chem Anal & Instrumentat Lab, Coll Agr Consumer & Environm Sci, 945 Coll Ave, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM tschaub@nmsu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-EE0003046]; National Science Foundation [IIA-1301346]; Center for Animal Health and Food Safety at New Mexico State University FX We thank Omar Holguin for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-EE0003046 awarded to the National Alliance for Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts, the National Science Foundation (IIA-1301346) and the Center for Animal Health and Food Safety at New Mexico State University. NR 54 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 4 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD MAR PY 2014 VL 119 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.11.019 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 282YV UT WOS:000329212100007 ER PT J AU Malik, V Suthar, KJ Mancini, DC Ilavsky, J AF Malik, Vikash Suthar, Kamleshkumar J. Mancini, Derrick C. Ilavsky, Jan TI Magnetic-field-dependent assembly of silica-coated magnetite nanoclusters probed by Ultra-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (USAXS) SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Magnetic nanocluster; Self-assembly; Colloid; Photonic cluster; Structure factor; Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering ID COLLOIDAL PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; NANOPARTICLES; INSTRUMENT; SOFT AB Colloidal suspension of the silica coated magnetic nanoclusters (MNCs) was used to study the magnetic field mediated assembly of magnetic nanoparticles. The spatial arrangement of these MNCs in colloidal suspension was studied using the ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) technique with magnetic field applied in directions orthogonal and parallel to the scattering vector. In situ magnetic field analysis of the USAXS scattering measurement showed anisotropic behavior that can be attributed to the formation of colloidal crystals. During magnetization, the clustered magnetic core induces a large dipole moment, and the thickness of the silica shell helps keep distance between the neighboring particles. The assembly of these hybrid nanostructured particles was found to be dependent on the strength and orientation of this external magnetic field. The dipolar chains formed of iVINCs arranged themselves into colloidal crystals formed by two-dimensional magnetic sheets. The structure factor calculations suggested that the lattice parameters of these colloidal crystals can be tuned by changing the strength of the external magnetic field. These experiments shed light on the stimuli-responsive assembly of magnetic colloidal nanoparticles that leads to the creation of tunable photonic crystals. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Malik, Vikash] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Suthar, Kamleshkumar J.; Ilavsky, Jan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mancini, Derrick C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ilavsky, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ilavsky@aps.anl.gov RI USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013; Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013 OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [PBFRP2-134284]; National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Vikash Malik would like to thank the Swiss National Science Foundation for financial support (Grant number- PBFRP2-134284). ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under grant number NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We are grateful to Prof, Yadong Yin and Le He of the University of California Riverside for providing the sample. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 EI 1873-4766 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 354 BP 70 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2013.10.027 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 281NW UT WOS:000329109300013 ER PT J AU Alves, EG Harley, P Goncalves, JFD Moura, CED Jardine, K AF Alves, Eliane Gomes Harley, Peter Goncalves, Jose Francisco de C. da Silva Moura, Carlos Eduardo Jardine, Kolby TI Effects of light and temperature on isoprene emission at different leaf developmental stages of Eschweilera coriacea in central Amazon SO ACTA AMAZONICA LA English DT Article DE light response curve; temperature response curve; leaf phenology; tropical species ID TROPICAL FOREST CANOPY; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; SYNTHASE ACTIVITY; MONOTERPENE EMISSION; LEAVES; THERMOTOLERANCE; QUERCUS; MODEL; NITROGEN; CARBON AB Isoprene emission from plants accounts for about one third of annual global volatile organic compound emissions. The largest source of isoprene for the global atmosphere is the Amazon Basin. This study aimed to identify and quantify the isoprene emission and photosynthesis at different levels of light intensity and leaf temperature, in three phenological phases (young mature leaf, old mature leaf and senescent leaf) of Eschweilera coriacea (Matamata verdadeira), the species with the widest distribution in the central Amazon. In situ photosynthesis and isoprene emission measurements showed that young mature leaf had the highest rates at all light intensities and leaf temperatures. Additionally, it was observed that isoprene emission capacity (E-s) changed considerably over different leaf ages. This suggests that aging leads to a reduction of both leaf photosynthetic activity and isoprene production and emission. The algorithm of Guenther et al. (1999) provided good fits to the data when incident light was varied, however differences among E-s of all leaf ages influenced on quantic yield predicted by model. When leaf temperature was varied, algorithm prediction was not satisfactory for temperature higher than -40 degrees C; this could be because our data did not show isoprene temperature optimum up to 45 degrees C. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis of the isoprene functional role in protecting plants from high temperatures and highlight the need to include leaf phenology effects in isoprene emission models. C1 [Alves, Eliane Gomes] Univ Amazon State, Climate & Environm Dept, Natl Inst Amazon Res INPA, Grad Program Climate & Environm, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Harley, Peter] Natl Inst Atmospher Res NCAR, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO USA. [Goncalves, Jose Francisco de C.; da Silva Moura, Carlos Eduardo] Natl Inst Amazon Res INPA, Lab Plant Physiol & Biochem, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Jardine, Kolby] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alves, EG (reprint author), Univ Amazon State, Climate & Environm Dept, Natl Inst Amazon Res INPA, Grad Program Climate & Environm, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. EM elianegomes.alves@gmail.com; harley@ucar.edu; jfc@inpa.gov.br; carlosmoura.dr@gmail.com; kjjardine@lbl.gov RI Harley, Peter/E-1856-2014; Jardine, Kolby/N-2802-2013 OI Harley, Peter/0000-0002-2647-1973; Jardine, Kolby/0000-0001-8491-9310 FU LBA; University of Arizona; National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) FX This research was supported by LBA, University of Arizona and National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Logistic support from LBA support staff is gratefully acknowledged, as is assistance from staff of NCAR and staff of Plant Physiology Laboratory of the INPA. JFC Goncalves acknowledges a fellowship granted by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil). Authors acknowledges Dr. David Adams for English corrections. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 37 PU INST NACIONAL PESQUISAS AMAZONIA PI MANAUS PA CAIXA POSTAL 478, ALAMEDA COSME FERREIRA, 1756, MANAUS, AMAZONAS 00000, BRAZIL SN 0044-5967 EI 1809-4392 J9 ACTA AMAZON JI ACTA AMAZON. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 44 IS 1 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1590/S0044-59672014000100002 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry; Zoology SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Zoology GA 263JI UT WOS:000327804500002 ER PT J AU Lu, L Anderson-Cook, CM Lin, DKJ AF Lu, Lu Anderson-Cook, Christine M. Lin, Dennis K. J. TI Optimal designed experiments using a Pareto front search for focused preference of multiple objectives SO COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Multiple criteria optimization; Prioritization of criteria; Beta distribution; Focused Pareto front search; Computational efficiency ID RESPONSE-SURFACE DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; CRITERIA AB Finding a best designed experiment based on balancing several competing goodness measures of the design is becoming more important in many applications. The Pareto front approach allows the practitioner to understand trade-offs between alternatives and make more informed decisions. Efficient search for the front is a key to successful use and broad adoption of the method. A substantial computational improvement that conducts a more focused search when the experimenter has a focused a priori preference for the prioritizations of the multiple criteria is described. By utilizing a user-specified desirability function weight distribution for quantifying the preferences on different criteria, an algorithm to efficiently populate the desired portion of the front for two-criterion optimization is developed. Improvements over the full Pareto front search for completeness of the front in the region of interest, computational efficiency, and variation of the search are demonstrated with a screening design example where the objectives are precise model estimation and capability to protect against model mis-specification. Much of the existing literature focuses exclusively on finding the Pareto front, but does not offer strategies for making a choice of a best solution from the rich set of options identified on the front. A streamlined decision-making process with a set of tailored graphical tools to facilitate an informed and justifiable decision is described. The graphics incorporate a priori focused prioritization of the criteria, and hence are helpful to match decisions to design goals. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lu, Lu] Univ S Florida, Dept Math & Stat, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Anderson-Cook, Christine M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lin, Dennis K. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Stat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Anderson-Cook, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM c-and-cook@lanl.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9473 EI 1872-7352 J9 COMPUT STAT DATA AN JI Comput. Stat. Data Anal. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 71 SI SI BP 1178 EP 1192 DI 10.1016/j.csda.2013.04.008 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 278DJ UT WOS:000328869000090 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Afzal, W Prausnitz, JM AF Liu, Xiangyang Afzal, Waheed Prausnitz, John M. TI Unusual trend of viscosities and densities for four ionic liquids containing a tetraalkyl phosphonium cation and the anion bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Density; Viscosity; Ionic liquid; Tetraalkyl phosphonium ID THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE; IMIDAZOLIUM; WATER AB Densities and viscosities are reported for three similar ionic liquids, all with anion bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate [TMPP]. The hydrocarbon chains attached to the phosphonium cation vary in length; the three cations are tetrabutylphosphonium [P4444], trimethyloctylphosphonium [P8111] and tributylmethylphosphonium [P1444]. Contrary to expectation, neither the densities nor the viscosities show a monotonic trend with the length of the hydrocarbon chains on the cation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Xiangyang; Afzal, Waheed; Prausnitz, John M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Afzal, Waheed; Prausnitz, John M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Xiangyang] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, MOE Key Lab Thermo Fluid Sci & Engn, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Afzal, Waheed] Univ Punjab, Inst Chem Engn & Technol, Lahore 54590, Pakistan. RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu OI Afzal, Waheed/0000-0002-2927-0114 FU Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory FX The authors are grateful to the Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for financial support and to Prof. Alexis Bell and coworkers for general assistance. We are grateful to Prof. Michael Manga (University of California, Berkeley) for providing his density meter. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0021-9614 EI 1096-3626 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD MAR PY 2014 VL 70 BP 122 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.jct.2013.09.037 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 276FK UT WOS:000328733700013 ER PT J AU Wolfram, F Kitova, EN Robinson, H Walvoort, MTC Codee, JDC Klassen, JS Howell, PL AF Wolfram, Francis Kitova, Elena N. Robinson, Howard Walvoort, Marthe T. C. Codee, Jeroen D. C. Klassen, John S. Howell, P. Lynne TI Catalytic Mechanism and Mode of Action of the Periplasmic Alginate Epimerase AlgG SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Crystal Structure; Enzyme Catalysis; Polysaccharide; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Alginate; Epimerase ID VINELANDII MANNURONAN C-5-EPIMERASE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA ALGG; BIOSYNTHETIC GENE-CLUSTER; PECTATE LYASE-C; AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII; HEPARAN-SULFATE; C5-MANNURONAN EPIMERASE; C-5 EPIMERASE; URONIC ACID; POLYSACCHARIDE LYASES AB Background: The alginate epimerase AlgG converts mannuronate to its C5 epimer guluronate at the polymer level. Results: The structure of Pseudomonas syringae AlgG has been determined, and the protein has been functionally characterized. Conclusion: His(319) acts as the catalytic base, whereas Arg(345) neutralizes the negative charge of the carboxylate group during catalysis. Significance: This is the first structural characterization of a periplasmic alginate epimerase. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that forms chronic biofilm infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. A major component of the biofilm during these infections is the exopolysaccharide alginate, which is synthesized at the inner membrane as a homopolymer of 1-4-linked -d-mannuronate. As the polymer passages through the periplasm, 22-44% of the mannuronate residues are converted to -l-guluronate by the C5-epimerase AlgG to produce a polymer of alternating -d-mannuronate and -l-guluronate blocks and stretches of polymannuronate. To understand the molecular basis of alginate epimerization, the structure of Pseudomonas syringae AlgG has been determined at 2.1- resolution, and the protein was functionally characterized. The structure reveals that AlgG is a long right-handed parallel -helix with an elaborate lid structure. Functional analysis of AlgG mutants suggests that His(319) acts as the catalytic base and that Arg(345) neutralizes the acidic group during the epimerase reaction. Water is the likely catalytic acid. Electrostatic surface potential and residue conservation analyses in conjunction with activity and substrate docking studies suggest that a conserved electropositive groove facilitates polymannuronate binding and contains at least nine substrate binding subsites. These subsites likely align the polymer in the correct register for catalysis to occur. The presence of multiple subsites, the electropositive groove, and the non-random distribution of guluronate in the alginate polymer suggest that AlgG is a processive enzyme. Moreover, comparison of AlgG and the extracellular alginate epimerase AlgE4 of Azotobacter vinelandii provides a structural rationale for the differences in their Ca2+ dependence. C1 [Wolfram, Francis; Howell, P. Lynne] Hosp Sick Children, Program Mol Struct & Funct, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Kitova, Elena N.; Klassen, John S.] Univ Alberta, Alberta Glyc Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada. [Kitova, Elena N.; Klassen, John S.] Univ Alberta, Dept Chem, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Walvoort, Marthe T. C.; Codee, Jeroen D. C.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Chem, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Howell, P. Lynne] Univ Toronto, Dept Biochem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. RP Howell, PL (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Program Mol Struct & Funct, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. EM howell@sickkids.ca FU National Center for Research Resources [P41RR012408]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences from the National Institutes of Health [P41GM103473] FX We thank Ana Mirela Neculai for substantial contributions to the initial studies on P. aeruginosa AlgG; Laura Riley, Joel Weadge, John C. C. Whitney, and Perrin Baker for helpful discussions; and Dustin J. Little and Jason Koo for technical assistance. Beam line X29 at the National Synchrotron Light Source is supported by the United States Department of Energy and by National Center for Research Resources Grant P41RR012408 and National Institute of General Medical Sciences Grant P41GM103473 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 84 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 289 IS 9 BP 6006 EP 6019 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.533158 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AB8BQ UT WOS:000332015500056 PM 24398681 ER PT J AU Deng, B Chernatynskiy, A Khafizov, M Hurley, DH Phillpot, SR AF Deng, B. Chernatynskiy, A. Khafizov, M. Hurley, D. H. Phillpot, S. R. TI Kapitza resistance of Si/SiO2 interface SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SYSTEMS; TRANSPORT; SILICON; SI AB A phonon wave packet dynamics method is used to characterize the Kapitza resistance of a Si/SiO2 interface in a Si/SiO2/Si heterostructure. By varying the thickness of SiO2 layer sandwiched between two Si layers, we determine the Kapitza resistance for the Si/SiO2 interface from both wave packet dynamics and a direct, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics approach. The good agreement between the two methods indicates that they have each captured the anharmonic phonon scatterings at the interface. Moreover, detailed analysis provides insights as to how individual phonon mode scatters at the interface and their contribution to the Kapitza resistance. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Deng, B.; Chernatynskiy, A.; Phillpot, S. R.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Khafizov, M.; Hurley, D. H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Phillpot, SR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM sphil@mse.ufl.edu RI Khafizov, Marat/B-3744-2012; OI Khafizov, Marat/0000-0001-8171-3528; Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535; Chernatynskiy, Aleksandr/0000-0001-7431-7201 FU U.S. Government under DOE [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; U.S. Government under Energy Frontier Research Center (Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science) [FWP 1356] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Government under DOE Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517, under the Energy Frontier Research Center (Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science, FWP 1356). Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains and the publisher (by accepting the article for publication) acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 7 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 115 IS 8 AR 084910 DI 10.1063/1.4867047 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GN UT WOS:000332619600096 ER PT J AU Egan, GC Sullivan, KT LaGrange, T Reed, BW Zachariah, MR AF Egan, Garth C. Sullivan, Kyle T. LaGrange, Thomas Reed, Bryan W. Zachariah, Michael R. TI In situ imaging of ultra-fast loss of nanostructure in nanoparticle aggregates SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; ALUMINUM NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; BURN TIME; COMBUSTION; NANOSCALE; MECHANISM; KINETICS; PHASE AB The word "nanoparticle" nominally elicits a vision of an isolated sphere; however, the vast bulk of nanoparticulate material exists in an aggregated state. This can have significant implications for applications such as combustion, catalysis, and optical excitation, where particles are exposed to high temperature and rapid heating conditions. In such environments, particles become susceptible to morphological changes which can reduce surface area, often to the detriment of functionality. Here, we report on thermally-induced coalescence which can occur in aluminum nanoparticle aggregates subjected to rapid heating (10(6)-10(11) K/s). Using dynamic transmission electron microscopy, we observed morphological changes in nanoparticle aggregates occurring in as little as a few nanoseconds after the onset of heating. The time-resolved probes reveal that the morphological changes initiate within 15 ns and are completed in less than 50 ns. The morphological changes were found to have a threshold temperature of about 1300 +/- 50 K, as determined by millisecond-scale experiments with a calibrated heating stage. The temperature distribution of aggregates during laser heating was modeled with various simulation approaches. The results indicate that, under rapid heating conditions, coalescence occurs at an intermediate temperature between the melting points of aluminum and the aluminum oxide shell, and proceeds rapidly once this threshold temperature is reached. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Egan, Garth C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sullivan, Kyle T.; LaGrange, Thomas; Reed, Bryan W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mrz@umd.edu FU United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [FWP-SCW0974]; DTRA; Army Research Office FX Experimental work was performed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and was supported in part by the US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under FWP-SCW0974. Work by BWR was supported by the US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under FWP-SCW0974. Work by T.L. was supported by DTRA grant. Support for G.C.E. and M.R.Z. was from the Army Research Office. NR 39 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 115 IS 8 AR 084903 DI 10.1063/1.4867116 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GN UT WOS:000332619600089 ER PT J AU Henry, MD Wolfley, S Monson, T Clark, BG Shaner, E Jarecki, R AF Henry, M. David Wolfley, Steve Monson, Todd Clark, Blythe G. Shaner, Eric Jarecki, Robert TI Stress dependent oxidation of sputtered niobium and effects on superconductivity SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTRINSIC STRESS; THIN-FILMS; NB FILMS; TEMPERATURE; TRANSPORT AB We report on the suppression of room temperature oxidation of DC sputtered niobium films and the effects upon the superconductive transition temperature, T-c. Niobium was sputter-deposited on silicon dioxide coated 150 mm wafers and permitted to oxidize at room temperature and pressure for up to two years. Resistivity and stress measurements indicate that tensile films greater than 400 MPa resist bulk oxidation with measurements using transmission electron microscope, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectric spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry confirming this result. Although a surface oxide, Nb2O5, consumed the top 6-10 nm, we measure less than 1 at. % oxygen and nitrogen in the bulk of the films after the oxidation period. T-c measurements using a SQUID magnetometer indicate that the tensile films maintained a T-c approaching the dirty superconductive limit of 8.4 K after two years of oxidation while maintaining room temperature sheet resistance. This work demonstrates that control over niobium film stress during deposition can prevent bulk oxidation by limiting the vertical grain boundaries ability to oxidize, prolonging the superconductive properties of sputtered niobium when exposed to atmosphere. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Henry, M. David; Wolfley, Steve; Monson, Todd; Clark, Blythe G.; Shaner, Eric; Jarecki, Robert] Sandia Natl Labs, MESA Fabricat Facil, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Henry, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MESA Fabricat Facil, POB 5800 MS 1084, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mdhenry@sandia.gov OI Monson, Todd/0000-0002-9782-7084 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors acknowledge the staff of Sandia's MESA facility for fabrication of the films. The authors gratefully acknowledge Mike Siegal and Tom Friedmann for guidance and consultation on this project. XPS and SIMS measurements were performed by J. R. Shallenberger and A. Wan at Evans Analytical Group. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 115 IS 8 AR 083903 DI 10.1063/1.4866554 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GN UT WOS:000332619600043 ER PT J AU Laurence, TA Bude, JD Shen, N Steele, WA Ly, S AF Laurence, Ted A. Bude, Jeff D. Shen, Nan Steele, William A. Ly, Sonny TI Quasi-continuum photoluminescence: Unusual broad spectral and temporal characteristics found in defective surfaces of silica and other materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FUSED-SILICA; LUMINESCENCE BAND; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CRYSTALS; MOLECULES; DAMAGE; SIO2 AB We previously reported a novel photoluminescence (PL) with a distribution of fast decay times in fused silica surface flaws that is correlated with damage propensity by high fluence lasers. The source of the PL was not attributable to any known silica point defect. Due to its broad spectral and temporal features, we here give this PL the name quasi-continuum PL (QC-PL) and describe the features of QC-PL in more detail. The primary features of QC-PL include broad excitation and emission spectra, a broad distribution of PL lifetimes from 20 ps to 5 ns, continuous shifts in PL lifetime distributions with respect to emission wavelength, and a propensity to photo-bleach and photo-brighten. We found similar PL characteristics in surface flaws of other optical materials, including CaF2, DKDP, and quartz. Based on the commonality of the features in different optical materials and the proximity of QC-PL to surfaces, we suggest that these properties arise from interactions associated with high densities of defects, rather than a distribution over a large number of types of defects and is likely found in a wide variety of structures from nano-scale composites to bulk structures as well as in both broad and narrow band materials from dielectrics to semiconductors. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Laurence, Ted A.; Bude, Jeff D.; Shen, Nan; Steele, William A.; Ly, Sonny] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci & Natl Ignit Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Laurence, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci & Natl Ignit Facil, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM laurence2@llnl.gov RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011 OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory within the LDRD program [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 within the LDRD program. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 24 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 115 IS 8 AR 083501 DI 10.1063/1.4866422 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GN UT WOS:000332619600013 ER PT J AU Mahan, AH Dabney, MS Piper, DM Nemeth, W AF Mahan, A. H. Dabney, M. S. Piper, D. Molina Nemeth, W. TI The effect of film tensile stress on crystallite nucleation and growth in thermally annealed a-Si:H SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; SOLID-PHASE CRYSTALLIZATION; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; RELAXATION; PARAMETERS; DEPENDENCE; OXIDE AB The influence of stress in thin films appears to be a widespread issue when such films are thermally annealed to facilitate crystallite nucleation and growth. It is therefore of interest to examine on a fundamental level how stress influences crystallite nucleation and growth in a thermally annealed thin film system that has been extensively studied and well characterized. This article reports crystallite nucleation rates, growth rates and activation energies for nucleation and growth in different spatial regions of a thermally annealed a-Si: H film. The rates far from a cleaved film edge are representative of a film region that is under high tensile stress, while rates near a cleaved film edge are representative of a film region that has undergone stress relief. The existence of or reduction in film stress is supported by mu-Raman measurements. It is shown that film stress increases the film nucleation rate and decreases the crystallite growth rate, resulting in significantly smaller crystallite sizes in the fully crystallized stressed film areas compared to those observed in the stress relieved areas. By combining the activation energy data for nucleation and growth, it is shown how film stress affects two fundamental structural parameters that control crystallization, the height of the amorphous-crystalline energy barrier and the critical crystallite size. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Mahan, A. H.; Dabney, M. S.; Nemeth, W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Piper, D. Molina] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Mahan, AH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC39-98-GO10337] FX One of us (A. H. M.) gratefully acknowledges W. Beyer for stimulating discussions. This work was supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC39-98-GO10337. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 115 IS 8 AR 083502 DI 10.1063/1.4865943 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GN UT WOS:000332619600014 ER PT J AU Zarkadoula, E Devanathan, R Weber, WJ Seaton, MA Todorov, IT Nordlund, K Dove, MT Trachenko, K AF Zarkadoula, E. Devanathan, R. Weber, W. J. Seaton, M. A. Todorov, I. T. Nordlund, K. Dove, M. T. Trachenko, K. TI High-energy radiation damage in zirconia: Modeling results SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; NUCLEAR-WASTE; IRRADIATION; CERAMICS; SEMICONDUCTORS; PERCOLATION; CASCADES; METALS; FUELS; FORM AB Zirconia is viewed as a material of exceptional resistance to amorphization by radiation damage, and consequently proposed as a candidate to immobilize nuclear waste and serve as an inert nuclear fuel matrix. Here, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of radiation damage in zirconia in the range of 0.1-0.5 MeV energies with account of electronic energy losses. We find that the lack of amorphizability co-exists with a large number of point defects and their clusters. These, importantly, are largely isolated from each other and therefore represent a dilute damage that does not result in the loss of long-range structural coherence and amorphization. We document the nature of these defects in detail, including their sizes, distribution, and morphology, and discuss practical implications of using zirconia in intense radiation environments. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Zarkadoula, E.; Dove, M. T.; Trachenko, K.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London E1 4NS, England. [Zarkadoula, E.; Trachenko, K.] Queen Mary Univ London, SEPnet, London E1 4NS, England. [Zarkadoula, E.; Weber, W. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Devanathan, R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Weber, W. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Seaton, M. A.; Todorov, I. T.] Dept Comp Sci, STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Nordlund, K.] Univ Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Zarkadoula, E (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. EM zarkadoulae@ornl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Nordlund, Kai/L-8275-2014; Seaton, Michael/B-3884-2011; OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Nordlund, Kai/0000-0001-6244-1942; Seaton, Michael/0000-0002-4708-573X; Zarkadoula, Eva/0000-0002-6886-9664; Devanathan, Ram/0000-0001-8125-4237 FU EPSRC [EP/F067496]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX This work made use of the facilities of HECToR, via the Materials Chemistry Consortium, funded by EPSRC (EP/F067496). R. D. and W.J.W. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 115 IS 8 AR 083507 DI 10.1063/1.4866989 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GN UT WOS:000332619600019 ER PT J AU Li, W Ni, B Thorne, RM Bortnik, J Nishimura, Y Green, JC Kletzing, CA Kurth, WS Hospodarsky, GB Spence, HE Reeves, GD Blake, JB Fennell, JF Claudepierre, SG Gu, X AF Li, W. Ni, B. Thorne, R. M. Bortnik, J. Nishimura, Y. Green, J. C. Kletzing, C. A. Kurth, W. S. Hospodarsky, G. B. Spence, H. E. Reeves, G. D. Blake, J. B. Fennell, J. F. Claudepierre, S. G. Gu, X. TI Quantifying hiss-driven energetic electron precipitation: A detailed conjunction event analysis SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE plasmaspheric hiss; electron precipitation; infer hiss wave amplitudes ID RADIATION-BELT ELECTRONS; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; PITCH-ANGLE; EVOLUTION; WAVES; RING AB We analyze a conjunction event between the Van Allen Probes and the low-altitude Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) to quantify hiss-driven energetic electron precipitation. A physics-based technique based on quasi-linear diffusion theory is used to estimate the ratio of precipitated and trapped electron fluxes (R), which could be measured by the two-directional POES particle detectors, using wave and plasma parameters observed by the Van Allen Probes. The remarkable agreement between modeling and observations suggests that this technique is applicable for quantifying hiss-driven electron scattering near the bounce loss cone. More importantly, R in the 100-300keV energy channel measured by multiple POES satellites over a broad L magnetic local time region can potentially provide the spatiotemporal evolution of global hiss wave intensity, which is essential in evaluating radiation belt electron dynamics, but cannot be obtained by in situ equatorial satellites alone. Key Points Measured and calculated hiss Bw from POES electron measurements agree well Electron ratio measured by POES is able to estimate hiss wave intensity This technique can be used to provide global hiss wave distribution C1 [Li, W.; Ni, B.; Thorne, R. M.; Bortnik, J.; Nishimura, Y.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Green, J. C.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Kletzing, C. A.; Kurth, W. S.; Hospodarsky, G. B.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Spence, H. E.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Reeves, G. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Sci & Applicat Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Blake, J. B.; Fennell, J. F.; Claudepierre, S. G.] Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. [Gu, X.] Wuhan Univ, Dept Space Phys, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Li, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM moonli@atmos.ucla.edu RI Li, Wen/F-3722-2011; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Kletzing, Craig/0000-0002-4136-3348; Spence, Harlan/0000-0002-2526-2205; Kurth, William/0000-0002-5471-6202; Hospodarsky, George/0000-0001-9200-9878 FU JHU/APL under NASA [967399, 921647, NAS5-01072]; EMFISIS [1001057397: 01]; ECT [13-041]; NASA [NNX11AD75G, NNX11AR64G, NNX13AI61G] FX This work was supported by JHU/APL contracts 967399 and 921647 under NASA's prime contract NAS5-01072. The analysis at UCLA was supported by the EMFISIS subaward 1001057397: 01, ECT subaward 13-041, NASA grants NNX11AD75G, NNX11AR64G, and NNX13AI61G. We also thank the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto for providing AU and AL index used in this study. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1085 EP 1092 DI 10.1002/2013GL059132 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AD1VV UT WOS:000333022700002 ER PT J AU Yu, YQ Jordanova, V Welling, D Larsen, B Claudepierre, SG Kletzing, C AF Yu, Yiqun Jordanova, Vania Welling, Dan Larsen, Brian Claudepierre, Seth G. Kletzing, Craig TI The role of ring current particle injections: Global simulations and Van Allen Probes observations during 17 March 2013 storm SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE substorm injections; self-consistent treatment of fields and plasma; van allen probes; ring current dynamics ID MODEL; ELECTRONS AB We simulate substorm injections observed by the Van Allen Probes during the 17 March 2013 storm using a self-consistent coupling between the ring current model RAM-SCB and the global MHD model BATS-R-US. This is a significant advancement compared to previous studies that used artificially imposed electromagnetic field pulses to mimic substorm dipolarization and associated inductive electric field. Several substorm dipolarizations and injections are reproduced in the MHD model, in agreement with the timing of shape changes in the AE/AL index. The associated inductive electric field transports plasma sheet plasma to geostationary altitudes, providing the boundary plasma source to the ring current model. It is found that impulsive plasma sheet injections, together with a large-scale convection electric field, are necessary to develop a strong ring current. Comparisons with Van Allen Probes observations show that our model reasonably well captures dispersed electron injections and the global Dst index. Key Points New capability for studying substorm-associated depolarization and injections Advanced from previous technique that used artificial electromagnetic pulses The model well produces injections and electron fluxes observed from Van Allen Probes C1 [Yu, Yiqun; Jordanova, Vania; Larsen, Brian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Welling, Dan] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Claudepierre, Seth G.] Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. [Kletzing, Craig] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Yu, YQ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yiqun@lanl.gov RI Welling, Daniel/C-1970-2013; Yu, Yiqun/E-2710-2012; OI Yu, Yiqun/0000-0002-1013-6505; Kletzing, Craig/0000-0002-4136-3348; Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743 FU JHU/APL under NASA [967399, 921647, NAS5-01072]; EMFISIS [NNG13PJ05I]; NSF [1203460] FX This work was supported by JHU/APL contracts 967399 and 921647, under NASA's primer contract NAS5-01072. The analysis at LANL was supported by EMFISIS subaward NNG13PJ05I and NSF grant 1203460. We thank the OMNIWeb from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for providing the solar wind observation data and the Kyoto, Japan, World Data Center System for providing the AE index. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1126 EP 1132 DI 10.1002/2014GL059322 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AD1VV UT WOS:000333022700008 ER PT J AU Dai, L Wygant, JR Cattell, CA Thaller, S Kersten, K Breneman, A Tang, XW Friedel, RH Claudepierre, SG Tao, X AF Dai, Lei Wygant, John R. Cattell, Cynthia A. Thaller, Scott Kersten, Kris Breneman, Aaron Tang, Xiangwei Friedel, Reiner H. Claudepierre, Seth G. Tao, Xin TI Evidence for injection of relativistic electrons into the Earth's outer radiation belt via intense substorm electric fields SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE substorm electric fields; radiation belt relativistic electrons; substorm injection; substorm dipolarization ID PLASMA SHEET; MARCH 24; MULTISATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; VANALLEN RADIATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; DRIFT ECHOES; 1991 SSC; MAGNETOTAIL; SIMULATION; INNER AB Observation and model results accumulated in the last decade indicate that substorms can promptly inject relativistic killer' electrons (MeV) in addition to 10-100 keV subrelativistic populations. Using measurements from Cluster, Polar, LANL, and GOES satellites near the midnight sector, we show in two events that intense electric fields, as large as 20 mV/m, associated with substorm dipolarization are associated with injections of relativistic electrons into the outer radiation belt. Enhancements of hundreds of keV electrons at dipolarization in the magnetotail can account for the injected MeV electrons through earthward transport. These observations provide evidence that substorm electric fields inject relativistic electrons by transporting magnetotail electrons into the outer radiation belt. In these two events, injected relativistic electrons dominated the substorm timescale enhancement of MeV electrons as observed at geosynchronous orbit. Key Points Intense substorm electric fields inject relativistic electrons into radiation belts C1 [Dai, Lei; Wygant, John R.; Cattell, Cynthia A.; Thaller, Scott; Kersten, Kris; Breneman, Aaron; Tang, Xiangwei] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Friedel, Reiner H.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Claudepierre, Seth G.] Aerosp Corp, Space Sci Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. [Tao, Xin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. RP Dai, L (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM dai@physics.umn.edu OI Cattell, Cynthia/0000-0002-3805-320X FU NASA [NNG04GG83G, NNH13ZDA001N, NNX08AF28G, NAG5-12765, NNX13AE16G]; APL FX This research was supported by NASA grants NNG04GG83G, NNH13ZDA001N, NNX08AF28G, NAG5-12765, and NNX13AE16G and a contract from APL for the development of RBSP/EFW. We would like to thank Cluster Active Archive and instrument teams EFW, FGM, RAPID, CIS, and PEACE for providing Cluster data. We thank Forrest Mozer for Polar EFI data, Christopher Russell for Polar MFE data, and Dot DeLapp for providing LANL particle data. GOES EPS and Polar HYDRA data are made available by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center at CDAWeb. L.Dai thanks Steve Monson for proofreading the manuscript. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1133 EP 1141 DI 10.1002/2014GL059228 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AD1VV UT WOS:000333022700009 ER PT J AU Lu, DY Liu, P AF Lu, Deyu Liu, Ping TI Rationalization of the Hubbard U parameter in CeOx from first principles: Unveiling the role of local structure in screening SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATION; GAS-SHIFT REACTION; CERIA SURFACES; VACANCY FORMATION; CO ADSORPTION; OXIDATION; OXIDE; APPROXIMATION; NANOPARTICLES; MECHANISMS AB The density functional theory (DFT)+U method has been widely employed in theoretical studies on various ceria systems to correct the delocalization bias in local and semi-local DFT functionals with moderate computational cost. We present a systematic and quantitative study, aiming to gain better understanding of the dependence of Hubbard U on the local atomic arrangement. To rationalize the Hubbard U of Ce 4f, we employed the first principles linear response method to compute Hubbard U for Ce in ceria clusters, bulks, and surfaces. We found that the Hubbard U varies in a wide range from 4.3 eV to 6.7 eV, and exhibits a strong correlation with the Ce coordination number and Ce-O bond lengths, rather than the Ce 4f valence state. The variation of the Hubbard U can be explained by the changes in the strength of local screening due to O -> Ce intersite transitions. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Lu, Deyu; Liu, Ping] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lu, DY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dlu@bnl.gov; pingliu3@bnl.gov RI Lu, Deyu/O-4418-2016 OI Lu, Deyu/0000-0003-4351-6085 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX D.L. gratefully acknowledges the helpful discussion with Heather Kulik, Stefano Fabris, Stefano Baroni, Qin Wu, and Mark Hybertsen. D.L. also thanks the help of Burak Himmetoglu to run the linear response calculations for Ce including 6s orbitals. This research has been carried out at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 8 AR 084101 DI 10.1063/1.4865831 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AC4IZ UT WOS:000332485900003 PM 24588142 ER PT J AU Buckley, MR Plehn, T Schell, T Takeuchi, M AF Buckley, Matthew R. Plehn, Tilman Schell, Torben Takeuchi, Michihisa TI Buckets of Higgs and tops SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Monte Carlo Simulations; Hadronic Colliders ID BROKEN SYMMETRIES; STANDARD MODEL; BOSON; PARTICLES; MASS; LHC AB We show that associated production of a Higgs with a top pair can be observed in purely hadronic decays. Reconstructing the top quarks in the form of jet buckets allows us to control QCD backgrounds as well as signal combinatorics. The background can be measured from side bands in the reconstructed Higgs mass. We back up our claims with a detailed study of the QCD event simulation, both for the signal and for the backgrounds. C1 [Buckley, Matthew R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Buckley, Matthew R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Plehn, Tilman; Schell, Torben] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Takeuchi, Michihisa] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. RP Buckley, MR (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM mbuckley@physics.rutgers.edu; plehn@uni-heidelberg.de; schell@thphys.uni-heidelberg.de; michihisa.takeuchi@kcl.ac.uk OI Buckley, Matthew/0000-0003-1109-3460 NR 50 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 130 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)130 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC5PV UT WOS:000332573800007 ER PT J AU Hall, LJ Nomura, Y AF Hall, Lawrence J. Nomura, Yasunori TI Grand unification and intermediate scale super symmetry SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Supersymmetry Breaking; Beyond Standard Model; GUT ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; NATURAL SOLUTION; MU-PROBLEM; SUPERSYMMETRY AB With minimal field content and for an interesting range of the supersymmetric Higgs mixing parameter, 0.5 less than or similar to tan(2)beta less than or similar to 2, the superpartner mass scale, (m) over tilde, is found to be at the intermediate scale, similar to 10(10 +/- 1) GeV, near where the Standard Model Higgs quartic coupling passes through zero. For any 4d supersymmetric grand unified symmetry spontaneously broken by a vacuum expectation value , if superpotential interactions for Sigma are forbidden e.g. by R symmetries, the uneaten color octet, Sigma(8), and weak triplet, Sigma(3), have masses of order (m) over tilde. The combination of superpartner and Sigma(8,3) states leads to successful gauge coupling unification, removing the disastrously high proton decay rate of minimal Standard Model unification. Proton decay could be seen in future experiments if (m) over tilde similar to 10(11) GeV, but not if it is lower. If the reheating temperature after inflation, T-R, is less than (m) over tilde dark matter may be axions. If T-R > (m) over tilde, thermal LSP dark matter may lead to the environmental selection of a TeV-scale LSP, either wino or Higgsino, which could comprise all or just one component of dark matter. In the Higgsino case, the dark matter is found to behave inelastically in direct detection experiments, and gauge coupling unification occurs accurately without the need of any threshold corrections. C1 [Hall, Lawrence J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hall, LJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ljhall@lbl.gov; ynomura@berkeley.edu OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0855653, PHY-1214644] FX We recently learned that Patrick Fox, Graham Kribs, and Adam Martin are preparing a paper on Dirac gauginos where the scale of supersymmetry breaking is linked to the scale at which the SM Higgs quartic vanishes. We thank Graham Kribs for useful communications and discussions. We also thank Satoshi Shirai for discussions. This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and in part by the National Science Foundation under grants PHY-0855653 and PHY-1214644. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 129 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)129 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC5PV UT WOS:000332573800006 ER PT J AU Herklotz, A Biegalski, MD Christen, HM Guo, EJ Nenkov, K Rata, AD Schultz, L Dorr, K AF Herklotz, A. Biegalski, M. D. Christen, H. M. Guo, E. -J. Nenkov, K. Rata, A. D. Schultz, L. Doerr, K. TI Strain response of magnetic order in perovskite-type oxide films SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material DE magnetism; strain; magnetoelectric; epitaxy ID BEHAVIOR AB The role of elastic strain for magnetoelectric materials and devices is twofold. It can induce ferroic orders in thin films of otherwise non-ferroic materials. On the other hand, it provides the most exploited coupling mechanism in two-phase magnetoelectric materials and devices today. Complex oxide films (perovskites, spinels) are promising for both routes. The strain control of magnetic order in complex oxide films is a young research field, and few ab initio simulations are available for magnetic order in dependence on lattice parameters and lattice symmetry. Here, an experimental approach for the evaluation of how elastic strain in thin epitaxial films alters their magnetic order is introduced. The magnetic films are grown epitaxially in strain states controlled by buffer layers onto piezoelectric substrates of 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-0.28PbTiO(3)(001). As an example, the strain dependence of the ordered magnetic moment of SrRuO3 has been investigated. At a tensile strain level of approximately 1%, SrRuO3 is tetragonal, and biaxial elastic strain induces a pronounced suppression of the ordered magnetic moment. As a second example, a strain-driven transition from a ferromagnetic to a magnetically disordered phase has been observed in epitaxial La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 films. C1 [Herklotz, A.; Guo, E. -J.; Doerr, K.] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Phys, D-06099 Halle, Germany. [Herklotz, A.; Guo, E. -J.; Nenkov, K.; Rata, A. D.; Schultz, L.; Doerr, K.] IFW Dresden, Inst Metall Mat, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. [Biegalski, M. D.; Christen, H. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Dorr, K (reprint author), Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Phys, D-06099 Halle, Germany. EM kathrin.doerr@physik.uni-halle.de RI Guo, Er-Jia/F-5229-2012; Schultz, Ludwig/B-3383-2010; Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013 OI Guo, Er-Jia/0000-0001-5702-225X; Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469 NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 37 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X EI 1471-2962 J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 372 IS 2009 SI SI AR 20120441 DI 10.1098/rsta.2012.0441 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC2XL UT WOS:000332379500004 PM 24421374 ER PT J AU Berman, PR Ford, GW Milonni, PW AF Berman, P. R. Ford, G. W. Milonni, P. W. TI Nonperturbative calculation of the London-van der Waals interaction potential SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; FORCES; OSCILLATORS; RADIATION; FIELD AB The so-called remarkable formula [G. W. Ford, J. T. Lewis, and R. F. O'Connell, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 2273 (1985)] for the Helmholtz free energy is applied to the problem of determining the interaction potential to all orders in the coupling strength of a pair of oscillator dipoles interacting through the familiar dipole-dipole interaction of electrodynamics. Simple, straightforward calculations lead to expressions for (1) the London short-range potential, (2) the Casimir-Polder long-range potential, and (3) the potential at high temperature. Explicit results are shown for both the temperature dependence of the interaction potential and its deviation from the weak-coupling limit. It is stressed that the interaction potential is a change in free energy, not the energy; in particular, in the high temperature case, the change of energy is zero. C1 [Berman, P. R.; Ford, G. W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Milonni, P. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Milonni, P. W.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Berman, PR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 022127 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.022127 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AC2NB UT WOS:000332336900002 ER PT J AU Kisslinger, LS Liu, MX McGaughey, P AF Kisslinger, Leonard S. Liu, Ming X. McGaughey, Patrick TI Heavy-quark-state production in A-A collisions at root s(pp)=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB We estimate differential rapidity cross sections for J/Psi and Upsilon(1S) production via Cu-Cu and Au-Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), and the relative probabilities of Psi'(2S) to J/Psi production via p-p collisions using our recent theory of mixed heavy-quark hybrids, in which the Psi'(2S) mesons have approximately equal normal q (q) over bar and hybrid q (q) over barg components. We also estimate the relative probabilities of Psi'(2S) to J/Psi production via Cu-Cu and Au-Au collisions, which will be measured in future RHIC experiments. We also review production ratios of Upsilon(2S) and Upsilon(3S) to Upsilon(1S) in comparison to recent experimental results. This is an extension of our recent work on p-p collisions for possible tests of the production of quark-gluon plasma via A-A collisions at RHIC. C1 [Kisslinger, Leonard S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Liu, Ming X.; McGaughey, Patrick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kisslinger, LS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM kissling@andrew.cmu.edu FU Pittsburgh Foundation; DOE [W-7405-ENG-36, DE-FG02-97ER41014] FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the Pittsburgh Foundation, and in part by the DOE contracts W-7405-ENG-36 and DE-FG02-97ER41014. We thank Dr. Ramona Vogt and Dr. Ivan Vitev for helpful discussions and suggestions. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 024914 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.89.024914 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA AC0HN UT WOS:000332175500008 ER PT J AU Beppu, H Kanazawa, K Koike, Y Yoshida, S AF Beppu, Hiroo Kanazawa, Koichi Koike, Yuji Yoshida, Shinsuke TI Three-gluon contribution to the single spin asymmetry for light hadron production in pp collision SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; CHIRAL-ODD CONTRIBUTION; PION-PRODUCTION; DIRECT-PHOTON AB We study the twist-3 three-gluon contribution to the single spin asymmetry in the light-hadron production in pp collision in the framework of the collinear factorization. We derive the corresponding cross-section formula in the leading order with respect to the QCD coupling constant. We also present a numerical calculation of the Relativistic Heavy Ion collider (RHIC) energy, using a model for the three-gluon correlation functions suggested by the asymmetry observed in the D-meson production at the RHIC. C1 [Beppu, Hiroo; Kanazawa, Koichi] Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Ikara, Niigata 9502181, Japan. [Kanazawa, Koichi] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Koike, Yuji] Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Ikara, Niigata 9502181, Japan. [Yoshida, Shinsuke] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Theoret Res Div, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Yoshida, Shinsuke] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Beppu, H (reprint author), Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Ikara, Niigata 9502181, Japan. FU Japan Society of Promotion of Science (JSPS) [24.6959]; Japan Society of Promotion of Science [23540292]; JSPS Strategic Young Researcher Overseas Visits Program for Accelerating Brain Circulation [R2411] FX The work of K. K. is supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant No. 24.6959 from the Japan Society of Promotion of Science (JSPS). The work of Y.K. is supported in part by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant No. 23540292 from the Japan Society of Promotion of Science. The work of S. Y. is supported by JSPS Strategic Young Researcher Overseas Visits Program for Accelerating Brain Circulation Grant No. R2411. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 034029 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.034029 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0DB UT WOS:000332163900003 ER PT J AU Boughezal, R Li, Y Petriello, F AF Boughezal, Radja Li, Ye Petriello, Frank TI Disentangling radiative corrections using the high-mass Drell-Yan process at the LHC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HADRON COLLIDERS; HIGH-ENERGIES; LOGARITHMS; COLLISIONS AB We present a detailed numerical study of lepton-pair production via the Drell-Yan process above the Z-peak at the LHC. Our results consistently combine next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections and next-to-leading order electroweak effects, and include the leading photon-initiated processes using a recent extraction of the photon distribution function. We focus on the effects of electroweak corrections and of photon-photon scattering contributions, and demonstrate which kinematic distributions exhibit sensitivity to these corrections. We show that a combination of measurements allows them to be disentangled and separately determined. C1 [Boughezal, Radja; Petriello, Frank] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Li, Ye] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. [Petriello, Frank] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Boughezal, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rboughezal@anl.gov; yli@slac.stanford.edu; f-petriello@northwestern.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-95ER40896, DE-FG02-08ER4153]; U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC0276SF00515]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to U. Klein, A. Kubik, M. Schmitt, and S. Stoynev for many helpful discussions. The work of R.B. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work of Y.L. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC0276SF00515. The work of F.P. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and Grants No. DE-FG02-95ER40896 and No. DE-FG02-08ER4153. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank S. Stoynev for discussions on this topic. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 034030 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.034030 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0DB UT WOS:000332163900004 ER PT J AU Gilbertson, SM Durakiewicz, T Dakovski, GL Li, YW Zhu, JX Conradson, SD Trugman, SA Rodriguez, G AF Gilbertson, Steve M. Durakiewicz, Tomasz Dakovski, Georgi L. Li, Yinwan Zhu, Jian-Xin Conradson, Steven D. Trugman, Stuart A. Rodriguez, George TI Ultrafast Photoemission Spectroscopy of the Uranium Dioxide UO2 Mott Insulator: Evidence for a Robust Energy Gap Structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy utilizing a probe energy of 32.55 eV and a pump energy of 3.1 and 4.65 eV with 30 fs temporal resolution is used to study the carrier dynamics in the 5f Mott insulator uranium dioxide (UO2). The Mott gap and on-site Coulomb interaction energies are measured directly as E-gap = 2.5 eV and U-C = 5 eV, respectively, and the dynamics of the upper Hubbard band is mapped. The f-f Mott-Hubbard dynamics involves subpicosecond fluence-dependent relaxation, followed by decay via coupling to the lattice upon formation of excitonic polarons. Instead of an expected metallic transition, we observe a robust Mott gap structure, even at high pump fluences. C1 [Gilbertson, Steve M.; Rodriguez, George] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Durakiewicz, Tomasz; Li, Yinwan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Magnet Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dakovski, Georgi L.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Zhu, Jian-Xin; Trugman, Stuart A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Condensed Matter & Complex Syst Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Conradson, Steven D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gilbertson, SM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MS K771, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rodrigeo@lanl.gov RI Song, Huaping/N-1531-2013; Rodriguez, George/G-7571-2012; OI Song, Huaping/0000-0002-7885-0676; Rodriguez, George/0000-0002-6044-9462; Trugman, Stuart/0000-0002-6688-7228 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory under Department of Energy for Los Alamos National Security LLC [DEAC52-06NA25396]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Sciences; Laboratory Directed Research and Development FX Funding for this work was provided by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development and by the Basic Energy Sciences programs at Los Alamos National Laboratory under the auspices of the Department of Energy for Los Alamos National Security LLC under Contract No. DEAC52-06NA25396 and by Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Sciences. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 8 AR 087402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.087402 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC0ET UT WOS:000332168300004 ER PT J AU Lacey, RA Taranenko, A Jia, J Reynolds, D Ajitanand, NN Alexander, JM Gu, Y Mwai, A AF Lacey, Roy A. Taranenko, A. Jia, J. Reynolds, D. Ajitanand, N. N. Alexander, J. M. Gu, Yi Mwai, A. TI Beam Energy Dependence of the Viscous Damping of Anisotropic Flow in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLLECTIVE-FLOW; POINT; QCD AB The flow harmonics v(2,3) for charged hadrons are studied for a broad range of centrality selections and beam collision energies in Au + Au (root s(NN) = 7.7-200 GeV) and Pb + Pb (root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV) collisions. They validate the characteristic signature expected for the system size dependence of viscous damping at each collision energy studied. The extracted viscous coefficients that encode the magnitude of the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density eta/s are observed to decrease to an apparent minimum as the collision energy is increased from root s(NN) = 7.7 to approximately 62.4 GeV; thereafter, they show a slow increase with root s(NN) up to 2.76 TeV. This pattern of viscous damping provides the first experimental constraint for eta/s in the temperature-baryon chemical potential (T, mu B) plane and could be an initial indication for decay trajectories that lie close to the critical end point in the phase diagram for nuclear matter. C1 [Lacey, Roy A.; Taranenko, A.; Jia, J.; Reynolds, D.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Alexander, J. M.; Gu, Yi; Mwai, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Lacey, Roy A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Jia, J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lacey, RA (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM Roy.Lacey@Stonybrook.edu RI Gu, Yi/B-6101-2016 OI Gu, Yi/0000-0003-4467-697X FU U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-87ER40331.A008]; NSF [PHY-1019387] FX This research is supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-FG02-87ER40331.A008 and by the NSF under Grant No. PHY-1019387. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 8 AR 082302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.082302 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC0ET UT WOS:000332168300002 ER PT J AU Moriya, K Schumacher, RA Aghasyan, M Amaryan, MJ Anderson, MD Pereira, SA Ball, J Baltzell, NA Battaglieri, M Bellis, M Biselli, AS Bono, J Boiarinov, S Briscoe, WJ Brooks, WK Burkert, VD Carman, DS Celentano, A Chandavar, S Charles, G Cole, PL Collins, P Contalbrigo, M Cortes, O Crede, V D'Angelo, A Dashyan, N De Vita, R De Sanctis, E Dey, B Djalali, C Dugger, M Dupre, R Egiyan, H El Alaoui, A El Fassi, L Elouadrhiri, L Eugenio, P Fedotov, G Fegan, S Fleming, JA Gilfoyle, GP Giovanetti, KL Girod, FX Gohn, W Golovatch, E Gothe, RW Guidal, M Griffioen, KA Hafidi, K Hakobyan, H Hicks, K Holtrop, M Ilieva, Y Ireland, DG Ishkhanov, BS Isupov, EL Jo, HS Joo, K Keller, D Khandaker, M Kim, W Koirala, S Kubarovsky, V Kuleshov, SV Lenisa, P Lu, HY MacGregor, IJD Markov, N McCracken, M McKinnon, B Mestayer, MD Meyer, CA Mirazita, M Mokeev, V Montgomery, RA Moutarde, H Munevar, E Nadel-Turonski, P Niccolai, S Niculescu, I Osipenko, M Pappalardo, LL Pasyuk, E Peng, P Phillips, JJ Pisano, S Pogorelko, O Pozdniakov, S Price, JW Procureur, S Puckett, AJR Raue, BA Rimal, D Ripani, M Ritchie, BG Rizzo, A Rosner, G Roy, P Sabatie, F Salgado, C Schott, D Seder, E Senderovich, I Smith, ES Sokhan, D Smith, GD Stepanyan, S Strauch, S Tang, W Voskanyan, H Voutier, E Walford, NK Watts, DP Weinstein, LB Williams, M Wood, MH Zachariou, N Zana, L Zhang, J Ziegler, V Zhao, ZW Zonta, I AF Moriya, K. Schumacher, R. A. Aghasyan, M. Amaryan, M. J. Anderson, M. D. Pereira, S. Anefalos Ball, J. Baltzell, N. A. Battaglieri, M. Bellis, M. Biselli, A. S. Bono, J. Boiarinov, S. Briscoe, W. J. Brooks, W. K. Burkert, V. D. Carman, D. S. Celentano, A. Chandavar, S. Charles, G. Cole, P. L. Collins, P. Contalbrigo, M. Cortes, O. Crede, V. D'Angelo, A. Dashyan, N. De Vita, R. De Sanctis, E. Dey, B. Djalali, C. Dugger, M. Dupre, R. Egiyan, H. El Alaoui, A. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, L. Eugenio, P. Fedotov, G. Fegan, S. Fleming, J. A. Gilfoyle, G. P. Giovanetti, K. L. Girod, F. X. Gohn, W. Golovatch, E. Gothe, R. W. Guidal, M. Griffioen, K. A. Hafidi, K. Hakobyan, H. Hicks, K. Holtrop, M. Ilieva, Y. Ireland, D. G. Ishkhanov, B. S. Isupov, E. L. Jo, H. S. Joo, K. Keller, D. Khandaker, M. Kim, W. Koirala, S. Kubarovsky, V. Kuleshov, S. V. Lenisa, P. Lu, H. Y. MacGregor, I. J. D. Markov, N. McCracken, M. McKinnon, B. Mestayer, M. D. Meyer, C. A. Mirazita, M. Mokeev, V. Montgomery, R. A. Moutarde, H. Munevar, E. Nadel-Turonski, P. Niccolai, S. Niculescu, I. Osipenko, M. Pappalardo, L. L. Pasyuk, E. Peng, P. Phillips, J. J. Pisano, S. Pogorelko, O. Pozdniakov, S. Price, J. W. Procureur, S. Puckett, A. J. R. Raue, B. A. Rimal, D. Ripani, M. Ritchie, B. G. Rizzo, A. Rosner, G. Roy, P. Sabatie, F. Salgado, C. Schott, D. Seder, E. Senderovich, I. Smith, E. S. Sokhan, D. Smith, G. D. Stepanyan, S. Strauch, S. Tang, W. Voskanyan, H. Voutier, E. Walford, N. K. Watts, D. P. Weinstein, L. B. Williams, M. Wood, M. H. Zachariou, N. Zana, L. Zhang, J. Ziegler, V. Zhao, Z. W. Zonta, I. CA CLAS Collaboration TI Spin and parity measurement of the Lambda(1405) baryon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEON INTERACTIONS; QUARK-MODEL; STATES AB A determination of the spin and parity of the Lambda(1405) is presented using photoproduction data from the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. The reaction gamma + p -> K+ + Lambda(1405) is analyzed in the decay channel Lambda(1405) -> Sigma(+) + pi(-), where the decay distribution to Sigma(+)pi(-) the variation of the Sigma(+) polarization with respect to the Lambda(1405) polarization direction determines the parity. The Lambda(1405) is produced, in the energy range 2.55 < W < 2.85 GeV and for 0.6 < cos theta(c.m.)(K+) < 0.9, with polarization P = 0.45 +/- 0.02(stat) +/- 0.07(syst). The analysis shows that the decays are in S wave, with the Sigma(+) polarized such that the Lambda(1405) has spin-parity J(P) = 1(-)/2, as expected by most theories. C1 [Moriya, K.; Schumacher, R. A.; Bellis, M.; Dey, B.; McCracken, M.; Williams, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Baltzell, N. A.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Hafidi, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dugger, M.; Ritchie, B. G.; Senderovich, I.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Price, J. W.] Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747 USA. [Wood, M. H.] Canisius Coll, Buffalo, NY 14208 USA. [Collins, P.; Walford, N. K.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Ball, J.; Girod, F. X.; Moutarde, H.; Procureur, S.; Sabatie, F.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu Serv Phys Nucl, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Gohn, W.; Joo, K.; Markov, N.; Puckett, A. J. R.; Seder, E.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Fleming, J. A.; Watts, D. P.; Zana, L.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Biselli, A. S.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06824 USA. [Bono, J.; Raue, B. A.; Rimal, D.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Crede, V.; Eugenio, P.; Roy, P.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Briscoe, W. J.; Ilieva, Y.; Schott, D.; Strauch, S.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Cole, P. L.; Cortes, O.] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Contalbrigo, M.; Pappalardo, L. L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Aghasyan, M.; Pereira, S. Anefalos; De Sanctis, E.; Lenisa, P.; Mirazita, M.; Pisano, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Battaglieri, M.; Celentano, A.; De Vita, R.; Fegan, S.; Osipenko, M.; Ripani, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [D'Angelo, A.; Rizzo, A.; Zonta, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Charles, G.; Dupre, R.; Guidal, M.; Jo, H. S.; Niccolai, S.] Inst Phys Nucl ORSAY, Orsay, France. [Kuleshov, S. V.; Pogorelko, O.; Pozdniakov, S.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Giovanetti, K. L.; Niculescu, I.] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Kim, W.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Voutier, E.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC,INPG, Grenoble, France. [Holtrop, M.; Zana, L.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Khandaker, M.; Salgado, C.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [Chandavar, S.; Hicks, K.; Tang, W.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Amaryan, M. J.; Koirala, S.; Weinstein, L. B.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Gilfoyle, G. P.] Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [D'Angelo, A.; Zonta, I.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Fedotov, G.; Golovatch, E.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Isupov, E. L.; Mokeev, V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Nucl Phys Inst, Moscow 119899, Russia. [Baltzell, N. A.; Djalali, C.; Fedotov, G.; Gothe, R. W.; Ilieva, Y.; Lu, H. Y.; Strauch, S.; Zachariou, N.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Boiarinov, S.; Brooks, W. K.; Burkert, V. D.; Carman, D. S.; Egiyan, H.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Girod, F. X.; Kubarovsky, V.; Mestayer, M. D.; Mokeev, V.; Munevar, E.; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Pasyuk, E.; Raue, B. A.; Smith, E. S.; Stepanyan, S.; Zhang, J.; Ziegler, V.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Brooks, W. K.; El Alaoui, A.; Hakobyan, H.; Kuleshov, S. V.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile. [Anderson, M. D.; Ireland, D. G.; MacGregor, I. J. D.; McKinnon, B.; Montgomery, R. A.; Phillips, J. J.; Rosner, G.; Sokhan, D.; Smith, G. D.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Keller, D.; Peng, P.; Zhao, Z. W.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Griffioen, K. A.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Dashyan, N.; Hakobyan, H.; Voskanyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RP Moriya, K (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM schumacher@cmu.edu RI Celentano, Andrea/J-6190-2012; Ireland, David/E-8618-2010; Charles, Gabriel/B-7573-2015; El Alaoui, Ahmed/B-4638-2015; Sabatie, Franck/K-9066-2015; Osipenko, Mikhail/N-8292-2015; Zhang, Jixie/A-1461-2016; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Schumacher, Reinhard/K-6455-2013; MacGregor, Ian/D-4072-2011; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Meyer, Curtis/L-3488-2014; Lu, Haiyun/B-4083-2012; D'Angelo, Annalisa/A-2439-2012 OI Celentano, Andrea/0000-0002-7104-2983; Zonta, Irene/0000-0003-4952-2160; Bono, Jason/0000-0002-3018-714X; Bellis, Matthew/0000-0002-6353-6043; Ireland, David/0000-0001-7713-7011; Sabatie, Franck/0000-0001-7031-3975; Osipenko, Mikhail/0000-0001-9618-3013; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Schumacher, Reinhard/0000-0002-3860-1827; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Meyer, Curtis/0000-0001-7599-3973; D'Angelo, Annalisa/0000-0003-3050-4907 FU DOE [DE-FG02-87ER40315]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-84ER40150]; National Science Foundation; United Kingdom's Science and Technology Facilities Council; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare FX We thank Professor R. Kraemer for helpful early discussions. We acknowledge the outstanding efforts of the staff of the Accelerator and Physics Divisions at Jefferson Lab that made this experiment possible. The work of the Medium Energy Physics group at Carnegie Mellon University was supported by DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-87ER40315. The Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operated the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-84ER40150. Further support was provided by the National Science Foundation, the United Kingdom's Science and Technology Facilities Council, and the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 8 AR 082004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.082004 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC0ET UT WOS:000332168300001 ER PT J AU Stevens, MJ AF Stevens, Mark J. TI How Shape Affects Microtubule and Nanoparticle Assembly SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DNA CONDENSATION C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Stevens, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM msteve@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 57 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6174 BP 981 EP 982 DI 10.1126/science.1250827 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC2DZ UT WOS:000332309600031 PM 24578572 ER PT J AU Schwadron, NA Adams, FC Christian, ER Desiati, P Frisch, P Funsten, HO Jokipii, JR McComas, DJ Moebius, E Zank, GP AF Schwadron, N. A. Adams, F. C. Christian, E. R. Desiati, P. Frisch, P. Funsten, H. O. Jokipii, J. R. McComas, D. J. Moebius, E. Zank, G. P. TI Global Anisotropies in TeV Cosmic Rays Related to the Sun's Local Galactic Environment from IBEX SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERSTELLAR-BOUNDARY-EXPLORER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; OUTER HELIOSPHERE; LO OBSERVATIONS; ENA FLUX; RIBBON; PARAMETERS; SPECTRUM; ORIGIN; ORIENTATION AB Observations with the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) have shown enhanced energetic neutral atom(ENA) emission from a narrow, circular ribbon likely centered on the direction of the local interstellar medium (LISM) magnetic field. Here, we show that recent determinations of the local interstellar velocity, based on interstellar atom measurements with IBEX, are consistent with the interstellar modulation of high-energy (tera-electron volts, TeV) cosmic rays and diffusive propagation from supernova sources revealed in global anisotropy maps of ground-based high-energy cosmic-ray observatories (Milagro, As gamma, and IceCube). Establishing a consistent local interstellar magnetic field direction using IBEX ENAs at hundreds to thousands of eV and galactic cosmic rays at tens of TeV has wide-ranging implications for the structure of our heliosphere and its interactions with the LISM, which is particularly important at the time when the Voyager spacecraft are leaving our heliosphere. C1 [Schwadron, N. A.; Moebius, E.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Schwadron, N. A.; McComas, D. J.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Adams, F. C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Christian, E. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Desiati, P.] Univ Wisconsin, IceCube Observ, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Desiati, P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Frisch, P.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Funsten, H. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Jokipii, J. R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Planetary Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McComas, D. J.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Zank, G. P.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Schwadron, NA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM n.schwadron@unh.edu RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015; OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978 FU NASA's Explorers Program [NNG05EC85C] FX We thank all those who made IBEX possible. IBEX is primarily funded by NASA's Explorers Program (Contract no. NNG05EC85C). IBEX data are available at http://ibex.swri.edu/researchers/publicdata.shtml. IceCube cosmic ray data are available from http://icecube.wisc.edu/science/data. NR 54 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6174 BP 988 EP 990 DI 10.1126/science.1245026 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC2DZ UT WOS:000332309600036 PM 24526313 ER PT J AU Johnson, JS Bentley, MJ Smith, JA Finkel, RC Rood, DH Gohl, K Balco, G Larter, RD Schaefer, JM AF Johnson, J. S. Bentley, M. J. Smith, J. A. Finkel, R. C. Rood, D. H. Gohl, K. Balco, G. Larter, R. D. Schaefer, J. M. TI Rapid Thinning of Pine Island Glacier in the Early Holocene SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC ICE-SHEET; WEST ANTARCTICA; SEA EMBAYMENT; RETREAT; STABILITY; HISTORY; BAY AB Pine Island Glacier, a major outlet of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, has been undergoing rapid thinning and retreat for the past two decades. We demonstrate, using glacial-geological and geochronological data, that Pine Island Glacier (PIG) also experienced rapid thinning during the early Holocene, around 8000 years ago. Cosmogenic Be-10 concentrations in glacially transported rocks show that this thinning was sustained for decades to centuries at an average rate of more than 100 centimeters per year, which is comparable with contemporary thinning rates. The most likely mechanism was a reduction in ice shelf buttressing. Our findings reveal that PIG has experienced rapid thinning at least once in the past and that, once set in motion, rapid ice sheet changes in this region can persist for centuries. C1 [Johnson, J. S.; Bentley, M. J.; Smith, J. A.; Larter, R. D.] British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. [Bentley, M. J.] Univ Durham, Dept Geog, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Finkel, R. C.; Rood, D. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Finkel, R. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rood, D. H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Gohl, K.] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Balco, G.] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. [Schaefer, J. M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Schaefer, J. M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Johnson, JS (reprint author), British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. EM jsj@bas.ac.uk RI Smith, James/N-1836-2013; Bentley, Michael/F-7386-2011; OI Bentley, Michael/0000-0002-2048-0019; Gohl, Karsten/0000-0002-9558-2116 FU Natural Environment Research Council; Columbia University Earth Institute/Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory FX The data presented here are archived in the supplementary materials. The project was conceived and developed by M.J.B. and R. D. L. Fieldwork and sampling were planned and undertaken by M.J.B., J.A.S., and J.S.J. K. G. led the cruise (RV Polarstern Expedition ANT-XXVI/3). J.S.J. processed the samples and interpreted the data, with direction from J.M.S., and analyses were performed by R. C. F. and D. H. R. G. B. developed the Monte Carlo simulations for Fig. 2 and fig. S4. M.J.B. and J.S.J. wrote the first draft, and all authors contributed to the interpretation and writing of the paper. This work forms part of the British Antarctic Survey program "Polar Science for Planet Earth," funded by the Natural Environment Research Council, and was made possible by a Marie Tharp Fellowship in Earth, Environmental, and Ocean Sciences at Columbia University Earth Institute/Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, awarded to J.S.J. The fieldwork was supported by the research program PACES, Topic 3 "Lessons from the Past" of the Alfred Wegener Institute. This is LDEO publication 7577. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6174 BP 999 EP 1001 DI 10.1126/science.1247385 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC2DZ UT WOS:000332309600039 PM 24557837 ER PT J AU Karrasch, C Moore, JE Heidrich-Meisner, F AF Karrasch, C. Moore, J. E. Heidrich-Meisner, F. TI Real-time and real-space spin and energy dynamics in one-dimensional spin-1/2 systems induced by local quantum quenches at finite temperatures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MATRIX RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; ATOMIC MOTT INSULATOR; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; OPTICAL LATTICE; ULTRACOLD GASES; HEAT-CONDUCTION; MAGNETIC CHAINS; XXZ CHAIN; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB We study the spin and energy dynamics in one-dimensional spin-1/2 systems induced by local quantum quenches at finite temperatures using a time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method. System sizes are chosen large enough to ensure that the time-dependent data for the accessible time scales represent the behavior in the thermodynamic limit. As a main result, we observe a ballistic spreading of perturbations of the energy density in the integrable spin-1/2 XXZ chain for all temperatures and exchange anisotropies, related to the divergent thermal conductivity in this model and the exact conservation of the energy current. In contrast, the spin dynamics is ballistic in the massless phase, but shows a diffusive behavior at high temperatures in the easy-axis phase in the case of a vanishing background spin density. We extract a quantitative estimate for the spin-diffusion constant from the time dependence of the spatial variance of the spin density, which agrees well with values obtained from current-current correlation functions using an Einstein relation. Interestingly, the diffusion constant approaches a constant value deep in the easy-axis regime. As an example for nonintegrable models, we consider two-leg ladders, for which we observe indications of diffusive energy and spin dynamics. The relevance of our results for recent experiments with quantum magnets and bosons in optical lattices is discussed. C1 [Karrasch, C.; Moore, J. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 95720 USA. [Karrasch, C.; Moore, J. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Heidrich-Meisner, F.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Heidrich-Meisner, F.] Univ Munich, Arnold Sommerfeld Ctr Theoret Phys, D-80333 Munich, Germany. RP Karrasch, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 95720 USA. RI Heidrich-Meisner, Fabian/B-6228-2009; Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016; Karrasch, Christoph/S-5716-2016 OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761; Karrasch, Christoph/0000-0002-6475-3584 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [KA3360-1/1, HE-5242/2-2]; Nanostructured Thermoelectrics program of LBNL FX We are indebted to P. van Loosdrecht, M. Montagnese, and R. Steinigeweg for fruitful discussions, and we thank R. Steinigeweg further for sending us exact diagonalization data from Ref. [29] for comparison. We thank T. Prosen and M. Znidaric for their comments on a previous version of the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through Grant No. KA3360-1/1 (C.K.) and through Research unit FOR 912 [Grant No. HE-5242/2-2 (F.H.-M.)] as well as from the Nanostructured Thermoelectrics program of LBNL (C.K.). NR 107 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 7 AR 075139 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.075139 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3LX UT WOS:000332421900001 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Jesse, S Morozovska, A Eliseev, E Tebano, A Yang, N Kalinin, SV AF Kumar, A. Jesse, S. Morozovska, A. Eliseev, E. Tebano, A. Yang, N. Kalinin, S. V. TI Variable temperature electrochemical strain microscopy of Sm-doped ceria (vol 24, 145401, 2013) SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Kumar, A.; Jesse, S.; Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Morozovska, A.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. [Eliseev, E.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. [Tebano, A.; Yang, N.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, CNR SPIN, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Tebano, A.; Yang, N.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Ingn Civile & Ingn Informat, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, N.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, N.] NAST Ctr, Rome, Italy. RP Kumar, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov RI Kumar, Amit/C-9662-2012; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016 OI Kumar, Amit/0000-0002-1194-5531; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 25 IS 8 AR 089501 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/25/8/089501 PG 1 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AB1RQ UT WOS:000331571700008 ER PT J AU Mitri, FG AF Mitri, F. G. TI Acoustic beam interaction with a rigid sphere: The case of a first-order non-diffracting Bessel trigonometric beam (vol 330, pg 6053, 2011) SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Correction C1 [Mitri, F. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Chevron Area 52,5 Bisbee Ct, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. EM mitri@chevron.com NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X EI 1095-8568 J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD FEB 28 PY 2014 VL 333 IS 5 BP 1542 EP 1542 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2013.10.014 PG 1 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 301SX UT WOS:000330553500022 ER PT J AU Li, JJ Bickel, PJ Biggin, MD AF Li, Jingyi Jessica Bickel, Peter J. Biggin, Mark D. TI System wide analyses have underestimated protein abundances and the importance of transcription in mammals SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Transcription; Translation; Mass spectrometry; Gene expression; Protein abundance ID RNA-POLYMERASE-II; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; HALF-LIFE; MICRORNAS; YEAST; QUANTITATION; DYNAMICS; REVEALS; GENOME AB Large scale surveys in mammalian tissue culture cells suggest that the protein expressed at the median abundance is present at 8,000-16,000 molecules per cell and that differences in mRNA expression between genes explain only 10-40% of the differences in protein levels. We find, however, that these surveys have significantly underestimated protein abundances and the relative importance of transcription. Using individual measurements for 61 housekeeping proteins to rescale whole proteome data from Schwanhausser et al. (2011), we find that the median protein detected is expressed at 170,000 molecules per cell and that our corrected protein abundance estimates show a higher correlation with mRNA abundances than do the uncorrected protein data. In addition, we estimated the impact of further errors in mRNA and protein abundances using direct experimental measurements of these errors. The resulting analysis suggests that mRNA levels explain at least 56% of the differences in protein abundance for the 4,212 genes detected by Schwanhausser et al. (2011), though because one major source of error could not be estimated the true percent contribution should be higher. We also employed a second, independent strategy to determine the contribution of mRNA levels to protein expression. We show that the variance in translation rates directly measured by ribosome profiling is only 9% of that inferred by Schwanhausser et al. (2011), and that the measured and inferred translation rates correlate poorly (R-2 = 0.14). Based on this, our second strategy suggests that mRNA levels explain similar to 84% of the variance in protein levels. We also determined the percent contributions of transcription, RNA degradation, translation and protein degradation to the variance in protein abundances using both of our strategies. While the magnitudes of the two estimates vary, they both suggest that transcription plays a more important role than the earlier studies implied and translation a much smaller role. Finally, the above estimates apply to those genes whose mRNA and protein expression was detected. Based on a detailed analysis by Hebenstreit et al. (2012), we estimate that approximately 40% of genes in a given cell within a population express no mRNA. Since there can be no translation in the absence of mRNA, we argue that differences in translation rates can play no role in determining the expression levels for the similar to 40% of genes that are non-expressed. C1 [Li, Jingyi Jessica; Bickel, Peter J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Jingyi Jessica] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Stat, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Li, Jingyi Jessica] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Biggin, Mark D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Biggin, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mdbiggin@lbl.gov FU NIH [P01 GM009655]; Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported in part by NIH grant P01 GM009655. Work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was conducted under Department of Energy contract DEAC02-05CH11231 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 23 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 2 AR e270 DI 10.7717/peerj.270 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AY4PI UT WOS:000347560400004 PM 24688849 ER PT J AU Horowitz, CJ Kumar, KS Michaels, R AF Horowitz, C. J. Kumar, K. S. Michaels, R. TI Electroweak measurements of neutron densities in CREX and PREX at JLab, USA SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; PROTON-SCATTERING; NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-MOMENT; FORM-FACTORS; PB-208; ISOTOPES; WEAK; PARAMETRIZATION; CURRENTS AB Measurement of the parity-violating electron scattering asymmetry is an established technique at Jefferson Lab and provides a new opportunity to measure the weak charge distribution and hence pin down the neutron radius in nuclei in a relatively clean and model-independent way. This is because the Z boson of the weak interaction couples primarily to neutrons. We will describe the PREX and CREX experiments on Pb-208 and Ca-48, respectively; these are both doubly magic nuclei whose first excited state can be discriminated by the high-resolution spectrometers at JLab. The heavier lead nucleus, with a neutron excess, provides an interpretation of the neutron skin thickness in terms of properties of bulk neutron matter. For the lighter Ca-48 nucleus, which is also rich in neutrons, microscopic nuclear theory calculations are feasible and are sensitive to poorly constrained 3-neutron forces. C1 [Horowitz, C. J.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Kumar, K. S.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Michaels, R.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA. RP Horowitz, CJ (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM rom@jlab.org FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-88R40415-A018, DE-FG02-87ER40365]; Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-060R23177] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge all the collaborators on the PREX-II [30] and CREX [31] proposals and the participants at the CREX 2013 workshop [32], and especially the discussions with G. Hagen, J. Mammei, D. McNulty, W. Nazarewicz, K. Paschke, J. Piekarewicz, S. Riordan, and P. A. Souder. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, grants DE-FG02-88R40415-A018 (University of Massachussets) and DE-FG02-87ER40365 (Indiana University), and by the Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, which operates Jefferson Lab for the U.S. DOE under U.S. DOE contract DE-AC05-060R23177. NR 107 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 50 IS 2 AR 48 DI 10.1140/epja/i2014-14048-3 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AH6FE UT WOS:000336225300009 ER PT J AU Mehran, A AghaKouchak, A Phillips, TJ AF Mehran, A. AghaKouchak, A. Phillips, T. J. TI Evaluation of CMIP5 continental precipitation simulations relative to satellite- based gauge- adjusted observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; TEMPERATURE; RESOLUTION; FREQUENCY; ENSEMBLE; EXTREMES; EVENTS; IMPACT; REGION; RAIN C1 [Mehran, A.; AghaKouchak, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Phillips, T. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP AghaKouchak, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM amir.a@uci.edu FU United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) [R11AP81451]; National Science Foundation [OISE-1243543]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We would like to thank the reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions and comments that led to substantial improvements. The financial support for authors AM and AA was made available from the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) award R11AP81451 and National Science Foundation award OISE-1243543. The contributions of author TJP were performed under the auspices of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (listed in Table 1 of this paper) for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the U. S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and leads the development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. Also, the authors acknowledge the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) team for providing and distributing The GPCP data sets. NR 63 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 119 IS 4 BP 1695 EP 1707 DI 10.1002/2013JD021152 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AD3KP UT WOS:000333138300001 ER PT J AU Liu, YG Daum, PH Lu, CS AF Liu, Yangang Daum, Peter H. Lu, Chunsong TI Comment on "Cloud droplet spectral width relationship to CCN spectra and vertical velocity" by Hudson et al. SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE spectral width; standard deviation; relative dispersion; vertical velocity; aerosol indirect effect; dynamical effect ID AUTOCONVERSION PROCESS; RELATIVE DISPERSION; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; PARAMETERIZATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE C1 [Liu, Yangang; Daum, Peter H.; Lu, Chunsong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lu, Chunsong] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YG (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM lyg@bnl.gov RI Liu, Yangang/H-6154-2011; Lu, Chunsong/K-7124-2013 OI Lu, Chunsong/0000-0002-8967-0371 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Earth Systems Modeling (ESM) via the FASTER project; Atmospheric Science Research (ASR) Programs; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41305120]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China [BK20130988]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20133228120002]; Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China [13KJB170014] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Earth Systems Modeling (ESM) via the FASTER project (www.bnl.gov/faster) and Atmospheric Science Research (ASR) Programs. Lu is also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41305120), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20130988), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20133228120002), and the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China (13KJB170014). NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 119 IS 4 BP 1874 EP 1877 DI 10.1002/2012JD019207 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AD3KP UT WOS:000333138300014 ER PT J AU Liu, B Abouimrane, A Balasubramanian, M Ren, Y Amine, K AF Liu, Bo Abouimrane, Ali Balasubramanian, Mahalingam Ren, Yang Amine, Khalil TI GeO2-SnCoC Composite Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-ELECTRODE MATERIALS; TIN-COBALT-CARBON; IN-SITU; LI; PERFORMANCE; CAPACITY; ALLOYS; GE; COMBINATORIAL; NANOPARTICLES AB Current methods for extending the cycle life of volume-expanded anode materials for lithium-ion batteries mainly focus on development of nanosize three-dimensional structures and composite materials. We propose a novel anode material of GeO2-Sn30Co30C40 that is synthesized by high energy ball milling (SPEX). This material depends on the nanosized and composite concept, which combines the advantageous properties of Sn-Co-C (long cycle life) and GeO2 (high capacity). The composite anode shows a reversible capacity over 800 mAh/g with good capacity retention. Furthermore, the first-cycle Coulombic efficiency is 80%, much higher than the 34.6% obtained for pure GeO2. Pair distribution function measurements indicated the reversible reaction of GeO2 and SnO2, which is the key factor in the improved Coulombic efficiency. This reversibility can be explained by the catalytic role of Co3Ge2 phase, which facilities the conversion reactions of metal oxides and acts as an electronic conductive component for the composite anode. C1 [Liu, Bo; Abouimrane, Ali; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liu, Bo] Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84102 USA. [Balasubramanian, Mahalingam; Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Amine, Khalil] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. RP Abouimrane, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM abouimrane@anl.gov FU Applied Battery Research for Transportation program (Department of Energy); U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Funding from the Applied Battery Research for Transportation program (Department of Energy) is gratefully acknowledged. This work has benefited from the use of the Advanced Photon Source 11-ID-C and sector 20 muB The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 3960 EP 3967 DI 10.1021/jp411462v PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100012 ER PT J AU Meek, GA Baczewski, AD Little, DJ Levine, BG AF Meek, Garrett A. Baczewski, Andrew D. Little, Daniel J. Levine, Benjamin G. TI Polaronic Relaxation by Three-Electron Bond Formation in Graphitic Carbon Nitrides SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE NMR; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; SELF-INTERACTION ERROR; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; METAL-FREE CATALYSTS; VISIBLE-LIGHT; INTRABRIDGEHEAD CHEMISTRY; DENSITY FUNCTIONALS; RELATIVE STABILITY; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY AB We apply density functional and ionization potential equation of motion coupled cluster theories to investigate hole transport in graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), an organic photocatalyst which drives water splitting and oxidative organic reactions. Calculations on small cationic model clusters suggest that the formation of two-center, three-electron bonds involving lone pair electrons on the nitrogen atoms of adjacent monomer units in g-C3N4 results in the localization of positive charge; reorganization energies for polaron hopping range from 1.3 to 2.1 eV depending on whether the material is fully condensed into a two-dimensional sheet or linearly polymerized. Similarly, the chemical character of the valence band maximum (VBM) is determined by the strength of the antibonding interaction between lone pair electrons on neighboring monomers; the fully condensed material has a VBM composed predominantly of nitrogen lone pair electrons, whereas the polymer exhibits a VBM of pi character. C1 [Meek, Garrett A.; Little, Daniel J.; Levine, Benjamin G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Baczewski, Andrew D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Levine, BG (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM levine@chemistry.msu.edu OI Levine, Benjamin/0000-0002-0356-0738 FU Michigan State University; LDRD program at Sandia National Laboratories [165731]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors thank S. D. Mahanti for stimulating discussions and Paul Reed for technical assistance. B.G.L. thanks Michigan State University for start-up funds which supported this work. Some calculations in this paper were performed on the computer cluster at the Michigan State University High Performance Computing Center and others on Red Sky at Sandia National Laboratories. This work was partially supported by the LDRD program at Sandia National Laboratories under Project 165731. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 59 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4023 EP 4032 DI 10.1021/jp412305y PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100019 ER PT J AU Ding, F Xu, W Chen, XL Zhang, J Shao, YY Engelhard, MH Zhang, YH Blake, TA Graff, GL Liu, XJ Zhang, JG AF Ding, Fei Xu, Wu Chen, Xilin Zhang, Jian Shao, Yuyan Engelhard, Mark H. Zhang, Yaohui Blake, Thomas A. Graff, Gordon L. Liu, Xingjiang Zhang, Ji-Guang TI Effects of Cesium Cations in Lithium Deposition via Self-Healing Electrostatic Shield Mechanism SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; SURFACE-FILMS; METAL-ANODE; NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ORGANIC ELECTROLYTE; CYCLING EFFICIENCY; DENDRITE GROWTH; ALKALI-METAL AB Lithium (Li) dendrite formation is one of the critical challenges for rechargeable Li metal batteries. The traditional method of suppressing Li dendrites, by using high-quality solid electrolyte interphase films, cannot effectively solve this problem. Recently, we proposed a novel self-healing electrostatic shield (SHES) mechanism to achieve dendrite-free Li deposition by adding so-called non-Li+ SHES additives in electrolytes, which adsorb but do not deposit on the active sites of Li electrodes and thus force Li to be deposited in the region away from protuberant tips. In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of the cesium cation (Cs+) as the typical non-Li cation suitable for the SHES mechanism is further investigated in detail to reveal its effects on preventing the growth of Li dendrites. Typical adsorption behavior rather than chemical reaction is observed. The existence of Cs+ cations in the electrolyte does not change the components or structure of the Li surface film, which is consistent with what the SHES mechanism predicts. Various factors affecting the effectiveness of the SHES mechanism are also discussed. The morphologies of the deposited Li films are smooth and uniform during the repeated deposition-stripping cycles and at various current densities (from 0.1 to 1.0 mA cm(-2)) by adding just a small amount (0.05 M) of Cs+ additive in the electrolyte. C1 [Ding, Fei; Xu, Wu; Chen, Xilin; Zhang, Jian; Shao, Yuyan; Zhang, Yaohui; Graff, Gordon L.; Zhang, Ji-Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Ding, Fei; Liu, Xingjiang] Tianjin Inst Power Sources, Natl Key Lab Power Sources, Tianjin 300381, Peoples R China. [Engelhard, Mark H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Zhang, Yaohui] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter Sci & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. [Blake, Thomas A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Xu, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM wu.xu@pnnl.gov; jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov RI Shao, Yuyan/A-9911-2008; OI Shao, Yuyan/0000-0001-5735-2670; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812; Xu, Wu/0000-0002-2685-8684 FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The XPS measurements were performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 16 U2 125 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4043 EP 4049 DI 10.1021/jp4127754 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100021 ER PT J AU Singh, S Singh, A Fitzsimmons, MR Samanta, S Prajapat, CL Basu, S Aswal, DK AF Singh, Surendra Singh, A. Fitzsimmons, M. R. Samanta, S. Prajapat, C. L. Basu, S. Aswal, D. K. TI Structural and Magnetic Depth Profiling and Their Correlation in Self-Assembled Co and Fe Based Phthalocyanine Thin Films SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; MOLECULAR SPINTRONICS; SCATTERING; SURFACES AB The family of phthalocyanine (Pc) is suitable functional molecules in the field of molecular electronics because of their thermal stability and the possibility to tune their structure, chemical, magnetic, and transport properties by means of different metallic cations within the Pc molecular cage. Here we report the depth dependent chemical composition and magnetization of iron phthalocyanine (FePc), cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and binuclear (Co-Fe)-phthalocyanine [(Co-Fe)Pc] thin films grown on sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The binuclear (Co-Fe)Pc films grown by coevaporation of pure FePc and CoPc exhibited a new structure (binuclear) which show drastically different conducting and magnetic properties. Using X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR), we demonstrated that the structural changes in binuclear (Co-Fe)Pc films as compared to pure film is responsible for about three to four order reduction in resistivity and presence of ferromagnetism in this film at low temperature. PNR data clearly suggest that the binuclear (Co-Fe)Pc film is ferromagnetic with a magnetization of 50 +/- 15 kA/m at 10 K, indicating an increase in magnetic transition temperature. However, the pure FePc or CoPc films show negligible magnetization at 10 K. PNR data in combination of XRR also revealed detail magnetic and chemical structure across the molecule which is highly correlated along the normal and in the plane of the film. C1 [Singh, Surendra; Basu, S.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Singh, A.; Samanta, S.; Prajapat, C. L.; Aswal, D. K.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Tech Phys Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Fitzsimmons, M. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Singh, S (reprint author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. EM surendra@barc.gov.in RI Singh, Surendra/E-5351-2011 OI Singh, Surendra/0000-0001-5482-9744 FU Office of Basic Energy Science, U.S. Department of Energy, BES-DMS; Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, DMR [DE FG03-87ER-45332]; Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DAE-SRC Outstanding Research Investigator Award [2008/21/05-BRNS] FX Work supported by the Office of Basic Energy Science, U.S. Department of Energy, BES-DMS funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, DMR under Grant DE FG03-87ER-45332. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was also supported by "DAE-SRC Outstanding Research Investigator Award" (2008/21/05-BRNS) granted to D.K.A. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4072 EP 4077 DI 10.1021/jp408847z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100024 ER PT J AU Bagge-Hansen, M Wichmann, A Wittstock, A Lee, JRI Ye, JC Willey, TM Kuntz, JD van Buuren, T Biener, J Baumer, M Biener, MM AF Bagge-Hansen, Michael Wichmann, Andre Wittstock, Arne Lee, Jonathan R. I. Ye, Jianchao Willey, Trevor M. Kuntz, Joshua D. van Buuren, Tony Biener, Juergen Baeumer, Marcus Biener, Monika M. TI Quantitative Phase Composition of TiO2-Coated Nanoporous Au Monoliths by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Correlations to Catalytic Behavior SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; AU/TIO2 CATALYST; GOLD CATALYSTS; TIO2; METAL; REDUCTION; STABILITY; OXIDATION; ANATASE AB Porous titania/metal composite materials have many potential applications in the fields of green catalysis, energy harvesting, and storage in which both the overall morphology of the nanoporous host material and the crystallographic phase of the titania (TiO2) guest determine the material's performance. New insights into the structure-function relationships of these materials were obtained by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy that, for example, provides quantitative crystallographic phase composition from ultrathin, nanostructured titania films, including sensitivity to amorphous components. Here, we demonstrate that crystallographic phase, morphology, and catalytic activity of TiO2-functionalized nanoporous gold (np-Au) can be controlled by a simple annealing procedure (T < 1300 K). The material was prepared by atomic layer deposition of similar to 2 nm thick TiO2 on millimeter-sized samples of np-Au (40-50 nm mean ligament size) and catalytically investigated with respect to aerobic CO oxidation. The annealing-induced changes in catalytic activity are correlated with concurrent morphology and phase changes as provided by cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. C1 [Bagge-Hansen, Michael; Lee, Jonathan R. I.; Ye, Jianchao; Willey, Trevor M.; Kuntz, Joshua D.; van Buuren, Tony; Biener, Juergen; Biener, Monika M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wichmann, Andre; Wittstock, Arne; Baeumer, Marcus] Univ Bremen, Ctr Environm Res & Sustainable Technol, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Wichmann, Andre; Wittstock, Arne; Baeumer, Marcus] Univ Bremen, Inst Appl & Phys Chem, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. RP Bagge-Hansen, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM baggehansen1@llnl.gov RI Baumer, Marcus/S-5441-2016; Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011 OI Baumer, Marcus/0000-0002-8620-1764; Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LDRD Program at LLNL [13-LW-031]; Director of the Office of Science, Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University Bremen FX Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Project 13-LW-031 was funded by the LDRD Program at LLNL. NEXAFS data were acquired at beamline 8.0.1.1 at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Director of the Office of Science, Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. A. Wichmann, A. Wittstock, and M. Baumer thank the University Bremen for financial support within the initiative "Func-Band". We gratefully acknowledge the experimental support (SEM) of P. Witte (H. Willems, Historical Geology Paleontology, Geology department of the University Bremen). Furthermore, we thank K. Thiel (Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials (IFAM), Bremen) and W. Menezez for assistance in TEM. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 62 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4078 EP 4084 DI 10.1021/jp4089639 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100025 ER PT J AU Kim, DH Mudiyanselage, K Szanyi, J Hanson, JC Peden, CHF AF Kim, Do Heui Mudiyanselage, Kumudu Szanyi, Janos Hanson, Jonathan C. Peden, Charles H. F. TI Effect of H2O on the Morphological Changes of KNO3 Formed on K2O/Al2O3 NOx Storage Materials: Fourier Transform Infrared and Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction Studies SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION CATALYSTS; SOOT COMBUSTION; TRAP CATALYSTS; NSR CATALYSTS; FT-IR; POTASSIUM; BAO/AL2O3; PERFORMANCE; PT/K/GAMMA-AL2O3; ADSORPTION AB Based on the combined FTIR and XRD studies, we report here that H2O induces a morphological change of KNO3 species formed on model K2O/Al2O3 NOx storage-reduction catalysts. Specifically as evidenced by FTIR, the contact of H2O with NO2 preadsorbed on K2O/Al2O3 promotes the transformation from bidentate (surface-like) KNO3 species to ionic (bulk-like) ones irrespective of K loadings. Once H2O is removed from the sample, a reversible transformation into bidentate KNO3 is observed, demonstrating a significant dependence of H2O on such morphological change. TR-XRD results show the formation of two different types of bulk KNO3 phases (orthorhomobic and rhombohedral) in an as-impregnated sample. Once H2O begins to desorb above 400 K, the former is transformed into the latter, resulting in the existence of rhombohedral KNO3 phase only. On the basis of consistent FTIR and TR-XRD results, we propose a model for the morphological changes of KNO3 species with respect to NO2 adsorption/desorption, H2O and/or heat treatments. Compared with the BaO/Al2O3 system, K2O/Al2O3 shows some similarities with respect to the formation of bulk nitrates upon H2O contact. However, there are significant differences that originate from the lower melting temperature of KNO3 relative to Ba(NO3)(2). C1 [Kim, Do Heui] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Inst Chem Proc, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Mudiyanselage, Kumudu; Szanyi, Janos; Peden, Charles H. F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Hanson, Jonathan C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kim, DH (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Inst Chem Proc, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 151742, South Korea. EM dohkim@snu.ac.kr RI Kim, Do Heui/I-3727-2015; Mudiyanselage, Kumudu/B-2277-2013; Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010 OI Mudiyanselage, Kumudu/0000-0002-3539-632X; FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program; U.S. DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL0 1830]; Research Settlement Fund for the new faculty of Seoul National University FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. The research was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S. DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL0 1830. Prof. Do Heui Kim acknowledges the partial support of Research Settlement Fund for the new faculty of Seoul National University. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4189 EP 4197 DI 10.1021/jp410816r PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100037 ER PT J AU Aidhy, DS Zhang, YW Weber, WJ AF Aidhy, Dilpuneet S. Zhang, Yanwen Weber, William J. TI Strained Ionic Interfaces: Effect on Oxygen Diffusivity from Atomistic Simulations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; GRAIN-BOUNDARY SEGREGATION; DEFECT CLUSTER FORMATION; DOPED CERIA; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CONDUCTIVITY; HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSPORT; OXIDES AB The role of materials' interfaces/grain boundaries on enhancing anion conductivity is an intensely debated issue that has exposed limited understanding on point-defect energetics at interfaces. Using static atomistic simulations on ZrO2 vertical bar CeO2 and ThO2 vertical bar CeO2 interfaces, we disentangle key interface issues, i.e., oxygen vacancy migration barriers at interfaces in the absence and presence of dopants, and oxygen vacancy-dopant binding energies at interfaces. The results show that, while pure, strained interfaces indeed possess very low oxygen migration barriers, the segregated dopants counteract and significantly raise the barriers. In addition, the dopants bind oxygen vacancies much more strongly at the interfaces than in the bulk, thereby further lowering oxygen diffusivity at interfaces. From our simulations, we conclude that the concept of strained interfaces to enhance anion conductivity prevails primarily in the absence of segregated dopants, and strategies that prevent dopant segregation need to be considered in the design of anion-conducting interfacial materials. C1 [Aidhy, Dilpuneet S.; Zhang, Yanwen; Weber, William J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhang, Yanwen; Weber, William J.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Aidhy, DS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM aidhyds@ornl.gov RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 FU Materials Science of Actinides, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This work was supported as part of the Materials Science of Actinides, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The computer simulations were performed at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4207 EP 4212 DI 10.1021/jp411277q PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100039 ER PT J AU Canton, SE Zhang, XY Daku, LML Smeigh, AL Zhang, JX Liu, YZ Wallentin, CJ Attenkofer, K Jennings, G Kurtz, CA Gosztola, D Warnmark, K Hauser, A Sundstrom, V AF Canton, Sophie E. Zhang, Xiaoyi Daku, Latevi M. Lawson Smeigh, Amanda L. Zhang, Jianxin Liu, Yizhu Wallentin, Carl-Johan Attenkofer, Klaus Jennings, Guy Kurtz, Charles A. Gosztola, David Warnmark, Kenneth Hauser, Andreas Sundstrom, Villy TI Probing the Anisotropic Distortion of Photoexcited Spin Crossover Complexes with Picosecond X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID IRON(II) COMPLEX; FE(II) COMPLEXES; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; PHASE-TRANSITION; SCREENING MODEL; METAL-COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-FIELD; BASIS-SETS; K-EDGE AB For numerous spin crossover complexes, the anisotropic distortion of the first coordination shell around the transition metal center governs the dynamics of the high-spin/low-spin interconversion. However, this structural parameter remains elusive for samples that cannot be investigated with crystallography. The present work demonstrates how picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy is able to capture this specific deformation in the photoinduced high-spin state of solvated [Fe(terpy)(2)](2+), a complex which belongs to the prominent family of spin crossover building blocks with nonequivalent metal-ligand bonds. The correlated changes in Fe-N-Axial, Fe-N-Distal, and bite angle N-Distal-Fe-N-Axial extracted from the measurements are in very good agreement with those predicted by DFT calculations in D-2d symmetry. The outlined methodology is generally applicable to the characterization of ultrafast nuclear rearrangements around metal centers in photoactive molecular complexes and nanomaterials, including those that do not display long-range order. C1 [Canton, Sophie E.] Lund Univ, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Instrumentat, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Zhang, Jianxin; Liu, Yizhu; Wallentin, Carl-Johan; Warnmark, Kenneth] Lund Univ, Ctr Anal & Synth, Dept Chem, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Sundstrom, Villy] Lund Univ, Dept Chem Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Zhang, Xiaoyi; Jennings, Guy; Kurtz, Charles A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gosztola, David] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Daku, Latevi M. Lawson; Hauser, Andreas] Univ Geneva, Dept Chim Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Smeigh, Amanda L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Attenkofer, Klaus] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Canton, SE (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Instrumentat, Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. EM Sophie.Canton@maxlab.lu.se; xyzhang@aps.anl.gov; villy.sundstrom@chemphys.lu.se RI Wallentin, Carl-Johan/D-2559-2015; Lawson Daku, Latevi/B-9646-2008; Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011; Canton, Sophie/A-8432-2016; Smeigh, Amanda/C-5605-2014 OI Wallentin, Carl-Johan/0000-0003-1983-9378; Lawson Daku, Latevi/0000-0003-1305-6807; Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379; Smeigh, Amanda/0000-0002-8071-071X FU Swedish Research Council; Knut&Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Science Faculty of Lund University; European Research Council [ERC-AdvG-VISCHEM-226136]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The Swedish Research Council, the Knut&Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Science Faculty of Lund University, and the European Research Council (Grant ERC-AdvG-VISCHEM-226136 to V.S.) are greatly acknowledged for financial support. X.Z., G.J., C.A.K., and the use of the Advanced Photon Source and the Center for Nanoscale Materials were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors are thankful to Dr. T. B. van Driel and Dr. K. S. Kjaer for their help with acquiring some of the reference spectra. The authors also greatly acknowledge Dr. A. Bordage, Dr. G. Vanko, Dr. K. Haldrup, and Dr. M. Jarenmark, for very valuable discussions. NR 100 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 4536 EP 4545 DI 10.1021/jp5003963 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AC0LZ UT WOS:000332188100079 ER PT J AU Parshall, D Heid, R Niedziela, JL Wolf, T Stone, MB Abernathy, DL Reznik, D AF Parshall, D. Heid, R. Niedziela, J. L. Wolf, Th. Stone, M. B. Abernathy, D. L. Reznik, D. TI Phonon spectrum of SrFe2As2 determined using multizone phonon refinement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB The ferropnictidesuperconductors exhibit a sensitive interplay between the lattice and magnetic degrees of freedom, including a number of phonon modes that are much softer than predicted by nonmagnetic calculations using density functional theory (DFT). However, it is not known what effect, if any, the long-range magnetic order has on phonon frequencies above 23 meV, where several phonon branches are very closely spaced in energy and it is challenging to isolate them from each other. We measured these phonons using inelastic time-of-flight neutron scattering in approximate to 40 Brillouin zones, and developed a technique to determine their frequencies. We find this method capable of determining phonon energies to approximate to 0.1 meV accuracy, and that the DFT calculations using the experimental structure yield qualitatively correct energies and eigenvectors. We do not find any effect of the magnetic transition on these phonons. C1 [Parshall, D.; Reznik, D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Heid, R.; Wolf, Th.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Festkorperphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Niedziela, J. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Instrument & Source Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Stone, M. B.; Abernathy, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Parshall, D (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM parshall@nist.gov RI Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012 OI Stone, Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; FU DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [DE-SC0006939]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX D.P and D.R. were supported by the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-SC0006939. The research at ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 6 AR 064310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.064310 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3LD UT WOS:000332419200003 ER PT J AU Pham, TA Zhang, C Schwegler, E Galli, G AF Pham, T. Anh Zhang, Cui Schwegler, Eric Galli, Giulia TI Probing the electronic structure of liquid water with many-body perturbation theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; 1ST PRINCIPLES SIMULATIONS; CONDUCTION-BAND EDGE; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PHOTOEMISSION; PHOTOIONIZATION; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; APPROXIMATION; MICROJETS AB We present a first-principles investigation of the electronic structure of liquid water based on many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), within the G(0)W(0) approximation. The liquid quasiparticle band gap and the position of its valence band maximum and conduction band minimum with respect to vacuum were computed and it is shown that the use of MBPT is crucial to obtain results that are in good agreement with experiment. We found that the level of theory chosen to generate molecular dynamics trajectories may substantially affect the electronic structure of the liquid, in particular, the relative position of its band edges and redox potentials. Our results represent an essential step in establishing a predictive framework for computing the relative position of water redox potentials and the band edges of semiconductors and insulators. C1 [Pham, T. Anh; Zhang, Cui] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pham, T. Anh; Schwegler, Eric] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Galli, Giulia] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Pham, TA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM atupham@ucdavis.edu RI Schwegler, Eric/A-2436-2016 OI Schwegler, Eric/0000-0003-3635-7418 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE/BES [DE-SC0008938]; Lawrence Scholar program FX We thank Deyu Lu for useful discussions. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344; part of this work was supported by DOE/BES (Grant No. DE-SC0008938) T.A.P. acknowledges support from the Lawrence Scholar program. NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 6 AR 060202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.060202 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3LD UT WOS:000332419200001 ER PT J AU Shan, TR van Duin, ACT Thompson, AP AF Shan, Tzu-Ray van Duin, Adri C. T. Thompson, Aidan P. TI Development of a ReaxFF Reactive Force Field for Ammonium Nitrate and Application to Shock Compression and Thermal Decomposition SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; HIGH EXPLOSIVES; BETA-HMX; PHASE; TEMPERATURE; CHEMISTRY AB We have developed a new ReaxFF reactive force field parametrization for ammonium nitrate. Starting with an existing nitramine/TATB ReaxFF parametrization, we optimized it to reproduce electronic structure calculations for dissociation barriers, heats of formation, and crystal structure properties of ammonium nitrate phases. We have used it to predict the isothermal pressure-volume curve and the unreacted principal Hugoniot states. The predicted isothermal pressure-volume curve for phase IV solid ammonium nitrate agreed with electronic structure calculations and experimental data within 10% error for the considered range of compression. The predicted unreacted principal Hugoniot states were approximately 17% stiffer than experimental measurements. We then simulated thermal decomposition during heating to 2500 K. Thermal decomposition pathways agreed with experimental findings. C1 [Shan, Tzu-Ray; Thompson, Aidan P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [van Duin, Adri C. T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Shan, TR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tnshan@sandia.gov FU Department of Energy's Advanced Simulation and Computing; Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX T.-R.S. acknowledges helpful discussions with department manager John B. Aidun. T.-R.S. and A.P.T. acknowledge funding support from Department of Energy's Advanced Simulation and Computing and Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research and Development. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND NO. 2013-1054J NR 87 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 1469 EP 1478 DI 10.1021/jp408397n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AC0MA UT WOS:000332188200022 PM 24479769 ER PT J AU Mayes, HB Tian, JH Nolte, MW Shanks, BH Beckham, GT Gnanakaran, S Broadbelt, LJ AF Mayes, Heather B. Tian, Jianhui Nolte, Michael W. Shanks, Brent H. Beckham, Gregg T. Gnanakaran, S. Broadbelt, Linda J. TI Sodium Ion Interactions with Aqueous Glucose: Insights from Quantum Mechanics, Molecular Dynamics, and Experiment SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE; MAIN-GROUP THERMOCHEMISTRY; BETA-D-GLUCOSE; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; FORCE-FIELD; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; HYDROXYMETHYL GROUPS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ORBITAL METHODS; GAS-PHASE AB In the last several decades, significant efforts have been conducted to understand the fundamental reactivity of glucose derived from plant biomass in various chemical environments for conversion to renewable fuels and chemicals. For reactions of glucose in water, it is known that inorganic salts naturally present in biomass alter the product distribution in various deconstruction processes. However, the molecular-level interactions of alkali metal ions and glucose are unknown. These interactions are of physiological interest as well, for example, as they relate to cation-glucose cotransport. Here, we employ quantum mechanics (QM) to understand the interaction of a prevalent alkali metal, sodium, with glucose from a structural and thermodynamic perspective. The effect on beta-glucose is subtle: a sodium ion perturbs bond lengths and atomic partial charges less than rotating a hydroxymethyl group. In contrast, the presence of a sodium ion significantly perturbs the partial charges of alpha-glucose anomeric and ring oxygens. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide dynamic sampling in explicit water, and both the QM and the MD results show that sodium ions associate at many positions with respect to glucose with reasonably equivalent propensity. This promiscuous binding nature of Na+ suggests that computational studies of glucose reactions in the presence of inorganic salts need to ensure thorough sampling of the cation positions, in addition to sampling glucose rotamers. The effect of NaCl. on the relative populations of the anomers is experimentally quantified polarimetry with light polarimetry. These results support the computational findings that Na+ interacts similarly with alpha- and beta-glucose. C1 [Mayes, Heather B.; Broadbelt, Linda J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Tian, Jianhui; Gnanakaran, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nolte, Michael W.; Shanks, Brent H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Shanks, Brent H.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Biorenewable Chem CBiRC, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80202 USA. RP Gnanakaran, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gnana@lanl.gov; broadbelt@northwestern.edu RI Tian, Jianhui/F-7477-2014; Broadbelt, Linda/B-7640-2009; Mayes, Heather/D-8755-2016; OI Mayes, Heather/0000-0001-9373-0106; Gnanakaran, S/0000-0002-9368-3044 FU National Advanced Biofuels Consortium (NABC); Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) through the Office of Biomass Program [DE-EE0003044]; Office of Science of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Office of EERE [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; CNLS; LANL; DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship (CSGF) [DE-FG02-97ER25308]; ARCS Foundation Inc., Chicago FX This work was supported by the National Advanced Biofuels Consortium (NABC), which is funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) through the Office of Biomass Program, grant number DE-EE0003044. This research used computational resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231; NREL Computational Sciences Center supported by the DOE Office of EERE under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308; as well as by CNLS and LANL Institutional Computing. H.B.M. thanks Chris Mayes for helpful scripts. H.B.M. was supported by the DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship (CSGF), which is provided under grant number DE-FG02-97ER25308, and the ARCS Foundation Inc., Chicago Chapter. NR 82 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 1990 EP 2000 DI 10.1021/jp409481f PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AC0MB UT WOS:000332188300004 PM 24308866 ER PT J AU Johnson, QR Lindsay, RJ Raval, SR Dobbs, JS Nellas, RB Shen, TY AF Johnson, Quentin R. Lindsay, Richard J. Raval, Sherin R. Dobbs, Jeremy S. Nellas, Ricky B. Shen, Tongye TI Effects of Branched O-Glycosylation on a Semiflexible Peptide Linker SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CIS/TRANS ISOMERIZATION; BACKBONE CONFORMATION; FC FRAGMENTS; HUMAN IGA1; PHOSPHORYLATION; GLYCOPEPTIDES; CHAIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN AB Glycosylation is an essential modification of proteins and lipids by the addition of carbohydrate residues. These attached carbohydrates range from single monomers to elaborate branched glycans. Here, we examine how the level of glycosylation affects the conformation of a semiflexible peptide linker using the example of the hinge peptide from immunoglobulin A. Three sets of atomistic models of this hinge peptide with varying degrees of glycosylation are constructed to probe how glycosylation affects the physical properties of the linker. We found that glycosylation greatly altered the predominant conformations of the peptide, causing it to become elongated in reference to the unglycosylated form. Furthermore, glycosylation restricts the conformational exploration of the peptide. At the residue level, glycans are found to introduce a bias for the formation of more extended secondary structural elements for glycosylated serines. Additionally, the flexibility of this semiflexible proline-rich peptide is significantly reduced by glycosylation. C1 [Johnson, Quentin R.] Univ Tennessee, UT ORNL Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Johnson, Quentin R.; Lindsay, Richard J.; Nellas, Ricky B.; Shen, Tongye] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Lindsay, Richard J.; Raval, Sherin R.; Dobbs, Jeremy S.; Nellas, Ricky B.; Shen, Tongye] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Shen, TY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM tshen@utk.edu RI Shen, Tongye/A-9718-2008 OI Shen, Tongye/0000-0003-1495-3104 FU JDRD program of Science Alliance at UT-ORNL; NSF FX Computational support was provided in part by the ORNL-UT Center for Molecular Biophysics and by allocations of advanced computing resources (TG-MCB120011) on Kraken at the National Institute for Computational Sciences. Support from JDRD program of Science Alliance at UT-ORNL is also acknowledged. Q.R.J was supported by an NSF-funded graduate fellowship program SCALE-IT. J.S.D. was supported by NSF-funded REU program. We thank Drs. Robert Woods and Lachele Foley at the University of Georgia for valuable discussions regarding the glycam server.37 NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 2050 EP 2057 DI 10.1021/jp410788r PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AC0MB UT WOS:000332188300010 PM 24533620 ER PT J AU Holroyd, R Miller, JR Cook, AR Nishikawa, M AF Holroyd, Richard Miller, John R. Cook, Andrew R. Nishikawa, Masaru TI Pressure Tuning of Electron Attachment to Benzoquinones in Nonpolar Fluids: Continuous Adjustment of Free Energy Changes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID P-BENZOQUINONE; REACTION-RATES; EQUILIBRIUM E; LIQUIDS; SOLVENTS; ANIONS; 2,2-DIMETHYLBUTANE; TETRAMETHYLSILANE; PHOTODETACHMENT; REDUCTION AB Changing pressure from 1 to 2500 bar continuously tunes free energy changes for electron attachment to molecules in nonpolar liquids by nearly 0.3 eV. Rate constants for electron attachment to substituted benzoquinones were determined over an extended free energy range of nearly 1 eV by a combination of solute, pressure, temperature, and use of solvents with differing energies of the quasifree electron, V-0: tetramethylsilane (TMS) and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP). The rates of attachment to both benzoquinone (BQ) and 2,5-dichlorobenzoquinone in TMS increase as the pressure increases to 2500 bar, while in TMP the rates are higher but change little with pressure; the rate of attachment to fluoranil in TMS is similarly high at 1 bar but decreases with increasing pressure. Together the observed rate constants can be qualitatively interpreted to yield a rate vs free energy relation having both normal and Marcus inverted region behavior. Because the electron attachment reactions yield excited states, quantitative interpretation of the free energy dependence requires knowledge of the excited state energies. The electron enters the second lowest pi* orbital to form a pi*-pi* excited state, which quickly relaxes to the lower n-pi* excited state. The rate of attachment to this excited state is low when the free energy of reaction, Delta G degrees, is positive and increases as Delta G degrees decreases until near -0.2 eV, after which the rate decreases. While excited state energies are uncertain, reasonable estimates are obtained from absorption, excitation, and fluorescence spectra of the product radical anions measured here. The results are modeled using Marcus theory with inclusion of a high frequency molecular vibration. C1 [Holroyd, Richard; Miller, John R.; Cook, Andrew R.; Nishikawa, Masaru] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Holroyd, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM holroyd@bnl.gov; jrmiller@bnl.gov; acook@bnl.gov OI Cook, Andrew/0000-0001-6633-3447 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98-CH10886] FX The authors thank Jack Preses for help with the experimental studies. Also, we gratefully acknowledge the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy for support through Grant No. DE-AC02-98-CH10886 and for use of the LEAF Facility of the BNL Accelerator Center for Energy Research. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 8 BP 2164 EP 2171 DI 10.1021/jp412090k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AC0MB UT WOS:000332188300022 PM 24490849 ER PT J AU Silverstein, HJ Fritsch, K Flicker, F Hallas, AM Gardner, JS Qiu, Y Ehlers, G Savici, AT Yamani, Z Ross, KA Gaulin, BD Gingras, MJP Paddison, JAM Foyevtsova, K Valenti, R Hawthorne, F Wiebe, CR Zhou, HD AF Silverstein, H. J. Fritsch, K. Flicker, F. Hallas, A. M. Gardner, J. S. Qiu, Y. Ehlers, G. Savici, A. T. Yamani, Z. Ross, K. A. Gaulin, B. D. Gingras, M. J. P. Paddison, J. A. M. Foyevtsova, K. Valenti, R. Hawthorne, F. Wiebe, C. R. Zhou, H. D. TI Liquidlike correlations in single-crystalline Y2Mo2O7: An unconventional spin glass SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GEOMETRICALLY FRUSTRATED ANTIFERROMAGNETS; PYROCHLORE ANTI-FERROMAGNET; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; R2MO2O7 R; DISORDER; BEHAVIOR AB The spin-glass behavior of Y2Mo2O7 has remained a puzzle for nearly three decades. Free of bulk disorder within the resolution of powder diffraction methods, it is thought that this material is a rare realization of a spin glass resulting from weak disorder such as bond disorder or local lattice distortions. Here we report on the single-crystal growth of Y2Mo2O7. Using neutron scattering, we present isotropic magnetic diffuse scattering occurring below the spin-glass transition. Our attempts to model the diffuse scattering using a computationally exhaustive search of a class of simple spin Hamiltonians show no agreement with the experimentally observed energy-integrated (diffuse) neutron scattering. This suggests that spin degrees of freedom are insufficient to describe this system. Indeed, a T-2 temperature dependence in the heat capacity and density functional theory calculations hint at the presence of a significant frozen degeneracy in both the spin and orbital degrees of freedom resulting from spin-orbital coupling (Kugel-Khomskii type) and random fluctuations in the Mo environment at the local level. C1 [Silverstein, H. J.; Wiebe, C. R.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Fritsch, K.; Hallas, A. M.; Ross, K. A.; Gaulin, B. D.; Wiebe, C. R.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Flicker, F.; Gingras, M. J. P.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Flicker, F.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Flicker, F.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Sch Phys, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Gardner, J. S.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Gardner, J. S.; Qiu, Y.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ehlers, G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Savici, A. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Neutron Data Anal & Visualizat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yamani, Z.] Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1P0, Canada. [Gaulin, B. D.; Gingras, M. J. P.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Paddison, J. A. M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Chem, Inorgan Chem Lab, Oxford OX1 3QR, England. [Paddison, J. A. M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Foyevtsova, K.; Valenti, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Hawthorne, F.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Wiebe, C. R.] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. [Zhou, H. D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhou, H. D.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Silverstein, HJ (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM umsilve3@myumanitoba.ca RI yamani, zahra/B-7892-2012; Hawthorne, Frank/F-6864-2011; Zhou, Haidong/O-4373-2016; Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008; Savici, Andrei/F-2790-2013 OI Hawthorne, Frank/0000-0001-6405-9931; Flicker, Felix/0000-0002-8362-1384; Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X; Savici, Andrei/0000-0001-5127-8967 FU NSERC; ACS Petroleum Fund; CRC program; CFI; DFG [SFB/TRR49]; Vanier CGS (NSERC); MGS programs; University of Manitoba; STFC; EPSRC [EP/G004528/2]; JDRD program of The University of Tennessee; NSF [DMR-0654118, DMR-0944772]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (APS) [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NRC at Chalk River Laboratories FX This work has been supported by NSERC, the ACS Petroleum Fund, the CRC program, CFI, and the DFG (Grant No. SFB/TRR49). H.J.S. gratefully acknowledges support from the Vanier CGS (NSERC) and MGS programs, as well as the University of Manitoba. In addition to NSERC, M.J.P.G. would like to thank the CRC program for support. J.A.M.P. gratefully acknowledges funding from the STFC and EPSRC (EP/G004528/2). H.D.Z. thanks the JDRD program of The University of Tennessee for its support. The authors want to acknowledge useful discussions with H. Shinaoka, A. B. Dabkowski, K. McEleney, Z. Islam, Y. Feng, M. Bieringer, J. Van Lerop, H. Takagi, and J. E. Greedan. The NHMFL is operated under a cooperative agreement with Florida State University and the NSF under DMR-0654118. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the NSF under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. A portion of this research at ORNL's SNS and Argonne National Laboratory's APS was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (APS under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357). We are greatly appreciative of the staff and for the support of the NRC at Chalk River Laboratories. NR 113 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 77 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 5 AR 054433 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.054433 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3KY UT WOS:000332418600002 ER PT J AU Paskiewicz, DM Savage, DE Holt, MV Evans, PG Lagally, MG AF Paskiewicz, D. M. Savage, D. E. Holt, M. V. Evans, P. G. Lagally, M. G. TI Nanomembrane-based materials for Group IV semiconductor quantum electronics SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; STRAINED SILICON; HETEROSTRUCTURES; GERMANIUM AB Strained-silicon/relaxed-silicon-germanium alloy (strained-Si/SiGe) heterostructures are the foundation of Group IV-element quantum electronics and quantum computation, but current materials quality limits the reliability and thus the achievable performance of devices. In comparison to conventional approaches, single-crystal SiGe nanomembranes are a promising alternative as substrates for the epitaxial growth of these heterostructures. Because the nanomembrane is truly a single crystal, in contrast to the conventional SiGe substrate made by compositionally grading SiGe grown on bulk Si, significant improvements in quantum electronic-device reliability may be expected with nanomembrane substrates. We compare lateral strain inhomogeneities and the local mosaic structure (crystalline tilt) in strained-Si/SiGe heterostructures that we grow on SiGe nanomembranes and on compositionally graded SiGe substrates, with micro-Raman mapping and nanodiffraction, respectively. Significant structural improvements are found using SiGe nanomembranes. C1 [Paskiewicz, D. M.; Savage, D. E.; Evans, P. G.; Lagally, M. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Holt, M. V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lagally, MG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1509 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM lagally@engr.wisc.edu RI Evans, Paul/A-9260-2009 OI Evans, Paul/0000-0003-0421-6792 FU DOE [DE-FG02-03ER46028]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program FX This research is funded by DOE, Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46028. Facilities support by NSF, MRSEC program, is acknowledged. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, specifically the hard x-ray nanoprobe located at sector 26 of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Users Facility under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. D. M. P. acknowledges support from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 37 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 4218 DI 10.1038/srep04218 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB7GD UT WOS:000331956600002 PM 24573089 ER PT J AU Zheng, SJ Carpenter, JS McCabe, RJ Beyerlein, IJ Mara, NA AF Zheng, Shijian Carpenter, John S. McCabe, Rodney J. Beyerlein, Irene J. Mara, Nathan A. TI Engineering Interface Structures and Thermal Stabilities via SPD Processing in Bulk Nanostructured Metals SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; BIMETAL INTERFACES; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; CU; COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; ALLOYS AB Nanostructured metals achieve extraordinary strength but suffer from low thermal stability, both a consequence of a high fraction of interfaces. Overcoming this tradeoff relies on making the interfaces themselves thermally stable. Here we show that the atomic structures of bi-metal interfaces in macroscale nanomaterials suitable for engineering structures can be significantly altered via changing the severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing pathway. Two types of interfaces are formed, both exhibiting a regular atomic structure and providing for excellent thermal stability, up to more than half the melting temperature of one of the constituents. Most importantly, the thermal stability of one is found to be significantly better than the other, indicating the exciting potential to control and optimize macroscale robustness via atomic-scale bimetal interface tuning. Taken together, these results demonstrate an innovative way to engineer pristine bimetal interfaces for a new class of simultaneously strong and thermally stable materials. C1 [Zheng, Shijian; Mara, Nathan A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Carpenter, John S.; McCabe, Rodney J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 6, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Beyerlein, Irene J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zheng, SJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sjzheng@lanl.gov; carpenter@lanl.gov RI zheng, shijian/F-2453-2012; Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; OI McCabe, Rodney /0000-0002-6684-7410; Carpenter, John/0000-0001-8821-043X FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project [ER20140348]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX The authors acknowledge support by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. IJB and RJM would like to acknowledge support through a Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project ER20140348. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. This work has also benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The authors appreciate collaboration pertaining to the neutron diffraction work with Dr. Sven C. Vogel of Los Alamos National Laboratory. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 62 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 4226 DI 10.1038/srep04226 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB7GD UT WOS:000331956600010 PM 24573355 ER PT J AU Charles, J Descotes-Genon, S Ligeti, Z Monteil, S Papucci, M Trabelsi, K AF Charles, Jerome Descotes-Genon, Sebastien Ligeti, Zoltan Monteil, Stephane Papucci, Michele Trabelsi, Karim TI Future sensitivity to new physics in B-d, B-s, and K mixings SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MODEL-INDEPENDENT ANALYSIS; CP-VIOLATION; CKM MATRIX; STANDARD MODEL; DECAYS; CONSTRAINTS AB We estimate, in a large class of scenarios, the sensitivity to new physics in B-d and B-s mixings achievable with 50 ab(-1) of Belle II and 50 fb(-1) of LHCb data. We find that current limits on new physics contributions in both B-d,B-s systems can be improved by a factor of similar to 5 for all values of the CP-violating phases, corresponding to over a factor of 2 increase in the scale of new physics probed. Assuming the same suppressions by Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements as those of the standard model box diagrams, the scale probed will be about 20 TeV for tree-level new physics contributions, and about 2 TeV for new physics arising at one loop. We also explore the future sensitivity to new physics in K mixing. Implications for generic new physics and for various specific scenarios, such as minimal flavor violation, light third-generation dominated flavor violation, or U(2) flavor models are studied. C1 [Charles, Jerome] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CPT, UMR 7332, F-13288 Marseille, France. [Charles, Jerome] Univ Toulon & Var, CNRS, CPT, UMR 7332, F-83957 La Garde, France. [Descotes-Genon, Sebastien] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Lab Phys Theor, UMR 8627, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Ligeti, Zoltan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Monteil, Stephane] Clermont Ferrand Univ Blaise Pascal, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, F-63177 Aubiere, France. [Papucci, Michele] Univ Michigan, Michigan Ctr Theoret Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Trabelsi, Karim] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Charles, J (reprint author), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CPT, UMR 7332, F-13288 Marseille, France. RI Descotes-Genon, Sebastien/N-3364-2013; OI Descotes-Genon, Sebastien/0000-0001-7512-4970; Trabelsi, Karim/0000-0001-6567-3036 FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Riccardo Barbieri, Filippo Sala, and Stephane Jampens for helpful comments. We also thank R. Van De Water for helpful correspondence about future lattice QCD expectations. Z.L. and M.P. were supported in part by the Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We would like to thank all members of the CKMfitter group for suggestions on various aspects of this article. NR 46 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 27 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 033016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.033016 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CY UT WOS:000332163600001 ER PT J AU Yanguas-Gil, A Elam, JW AF Yanguas-Gil, Angel Elam, Jeffrey W. TI A Markov chain approach to simulate Atomic Layer Deposition chemistry and transport inside nanostructured substrates SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS LA English DT Article DE Atomic Layer Deposition; Chemical Vapor Deposition; Ballistic transport; Nanostructured features; Conformality; Step-coverage ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; CONFORMAL FILM GROWTH; STEP-COVERAGE; THIN-FILMS; RECTANGULAR TRENCHES; DIFFUSION; MODEL; HOLES; LPCVD AB In this work, we present a new theoretical framework to model the transport and surface chemistry under molecular (Knudsen) flow. Our approach is based on casting the transport inside nanostructures as a single-particle discrete Markov chain process. One of the advantages of this approach is that it allows us to decouple the complexity of the surface chemistry from the transport model, thus allowing its application under general surface chemistry conditions, including atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Our model also allows us to determine statistical information of the trajectory of individual molecules, such as the average interaction time or the number of wall collisions for molecules entering the nanostructures as well as to track the relative contributions to thin-film growth of different independent reaction pathways at each point of the feature. This offers a straightforward way of incorporating into ALD simulations non-ideal surface processes, such as parasitic CVD or surface recombination. By studying the asymptotic behavior of the Markov chain process, we were also able to establish a direct link between ballistic models, kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, and continuous models based on the use of the diffusion equation under Knudsen conditions. Finally, we show that, under certain approximations, the coverage profile inside a nanostructure under ALD conditions is controlled by the total exposure, and not by the details of the surface flux dependence with time during the exposure, as long as the reaction probabilities are pressure independent. C1 [Yanguas-Gil, Angel; Elam, Jeffrey W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yanguas-Gil, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ayg@anl.gov RI Yanguas-Gil, Angel/G-9630-2011 OI Yanguas-Gil, Angel/0000-0001-8207-3825 FU U.S. DOE, EERE-Industrial Technologies Program [FWP-4902A]; Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001059] FX This work was sponsored in part by the U.S. DOE, EERE-Industrial Technologies Program under FWP-4902A. JWE was supported as part of the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001059. An implementation of the Markov chain model of ballistic transport will be made available at http://smart.es.anl.gov/machball.html. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-881X EI 1432-2234 J9 THEOR CHEM ACC JI Theor. Chem. Acc. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 133 IS 4 AR 1465 DI 10.1007/s00214-014-1465-x PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AE2SU UT WOS:000333824100001 ER PT J AU Winkler, R Fowlkes, J Szkudlarek, A Utke, I Rack, PD Plank, H AF Winkler, Robert Fowlkes, Jason Szkudlarek, Aleksandra Utke, Ivo Rack, Philip D. Plank, Harald TI The Nanoscale Implications of a Molecular Gas Beam during Electron Beam Induced Deposition SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE focused electron beam induced deposition; nanofabrication; platinum; simulation ID COMPOSITE-MATERIALS; 3D NANOSTRUCTURES; PLATINUM; RESOLUTION; GROWTH; REPAIR; NANOSYNTHESIS; PURIFICATION; SIMULATION; PRECURSOR AB The gas flux direction in focused electron beam induced processes can strongly destabilize the morphology on the nanometer scale. We demonstrate how pattern parameters such as position relative to the gas nozzle, axial rotation, scanning direction, and patterning sequence result in different growth modes for identical structures. This is mainly caused by nanoscale geometric shadowing, particularly when shadowing distances are comparable to surface diffusion lengths of (CH3)(3)-Pt-CpCH3 adsorbates. Furthermore, two different adsorbate replenishment mechanisms exist and are governed by either surface diffusion or directional gas flux adsorption. The experimental study is complemented by calculations and dynamic growth simulations which successfully emulate the observed morphology instabilities and support the proposed growth model. C1 [Winkler, Robert; Plank, Harald] Ctr Electron Microscopy, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Fowlkes, Jason; Rack, Philip D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Szkudlarek, Aleksandra; Utke, Ivo] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, EMPA, Lab Mech Mat & Nanostruct, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland. [Rack, Philip D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Plank, Harald] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Elect Microscopy & Nanoanal, A-8010 Graz, Austria. RP Plank, H (reprint author), Ctr Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, A-8010 Graz, Austria. EM harald.plank@felmi-zfe.at RI Utke, Ivo/C-6521-2011; OI Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254 FU FFG Austria; Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth of Austria; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the valuable support provided by Prof. Dr. Ferdinand Hofer, DI Roland Schmied, DI Angelina Orthacker, Martina Dienstleder, and DI Florian Kolb. The authors also thank FFG Austria and the Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth of Austria for their financial support. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 63 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 6 IS 4 BP 2987 EP 2995 DI 10.1021/am405591d PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB9VU UT WOS:000332144600103 PM 24502299 ER PT J AU Kraus, GA Guney, T Kempema, A Hyman, JM Parvin, B AF Kraus, George A. Guney, Tezcan Kempema, Aaron Hyman, Joel M. Parvin, Bahram TI Efficient synthesis of fluorescent rosamines: multifunctional platforms for cellular imaging SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Rosamine; Fluorescent; Benzophenone imine; Organolithium; Xanthone; Acidic hydrolysis ID PROBE; CELLS AB Substituted rosamines are efficiently prepared through a new organometallic addition to an iminesubstituted xanthone as a novel primary amine equivalent. The synthesis reduces the number of synthetic steps to the targeted rosamines, for convenient and facile access to potential libraries of rosamine dyes. The prepared rosamine derivatives represent unique multifunctional platforms that possess radiolabeling capability and fluorescence. Rosamines have (i) useful non-specific binding properties in mammalian cells and plant root hair, and (ii) positive uptake or binding properties in microbial systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kraus, George A.; Guney, Tezcan; Kempema, Aaron] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kraus, George A.; Guney, Tezcan; Kempema, Aaron] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hyman, Joel M.; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kraus, GA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM gakraus@iastate.edu; b_parvin@lbl.gov OI Guney, Tezcan/0000-0002-4587-6773 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Radiochemistry and Imaging Instrumentation, of the U.S. Department of Energy to the University of California [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Radiochemistry and Imaging Instrumentation, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 to the University of California. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 55 IS 9 BP 1549 EP 1551 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.067 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AC3PP UT WOS:000332434000009 ER PT J AU Basha, OM Heintz, YJ Keller, MJ Luebke, DR Resnik, KP Morsi, BI AF Basha, Omar M. Heintz, Yannick J. Keller, Murphy J. Luebke, David R. Resnik, Kevin P. Morsi, Badie I. TI Development of a Conceptual Process for Selective Capture of CO2 from Fuel Gas Streams Using Two TEGO Ionic Liquids as Physical Solvents SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MASS-TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; N-METHYLDIETHANOLAMINE; SURFACE-TENSION; ELEVATED PRESSURES; AGITATED REACTORS; BINARY-MIXTURES; HEAT-CAPACITY; TERTIARY MIXTURES; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE AB Two ionic liquids (ILs), TEGO IL K5 and TEGO IL P51P, were used as physical solvents to develop a conceptual process for CO2 capture from a shifted warm fuel gas stream produced from Pittsburgh no. 8 coal for a 400 MWe power plant. The physical properties of the two ILs and the solubilities of CO2, H-2, N-2, and H2S in the TEGO IL K5 solvent, as well as those of CO2 and H-2 in the TEGO IL P51P solvent, were measured in our laboratories at pressures up to 30 bar and temperatures from 300 to 500 K. The Peng-Robinson equation-of-state (P-R EOS) with Boston-Mathias (BM) alpha function and standard mixing rules was used in the development of the process, and the solubility data were used to obtain the binary interaction parameters (delta(ij) and l(ij)) between the shifted gas constituents and the two ILs. The binary interaction parameters were then correlated as functions of temperature. The conceptual process consists of four identical adiabatic packed-bed absorbers (4.5 m i.d., 27 m height, packed with 0.0254 m plastic Pall Rings) arranged in parallel for CO2 capture, three flash drums arranged in series for solvent regeneration,and two pressure/intercooling systems for separating and pumping CO2 to sequestration sites. The compositions of all process streams, CO2 capture efficiency, and net power were calculated using Aspen Plus for the two solvents. The results showed that TEGO IL K5 and TEGO IL P51P were able to capture 91.28% and 90.59% of CO2 in the fuel gas stream, respectively. C1 [Heintz, Yannick J.; Keller, Murphy J.; Luebke, David R.; Resnik, Kevin P.; Morsi, Badie I.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Basha, Omar M.; Heintz, Yannick J.; Morsi, Badie I.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Resnik, Kevin P.] URS Corp, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Morsi, BI (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM morsi@pitt.edu FU National Energy Technology Laboratory [FE0004000]; Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, an agency of the United States Government; URS Energy & Construction, Inc. FX The technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in CO2 Capture under the Research and Engineering Support (RES) Contract No. FE0004000. This project was funded by the Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, an agency of the United States Government, through a support contract with URS Energy & Construction, Inc. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor URS Energy & Construction, Inc., nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 53 IS 8 BP 3184 EP 3195 DI 10.1021/ie403375m PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA AB9VT UT WOS:000332144500038 ER PT J AU Sevov, CS Zhou, JR Hartwig, JF AF Sevov, Christo S. Zhou, Jianrong (Steve) Hartwig, John F. TI Iridium-Catalyzed, Intermolecular Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Indoles SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INTRAMOLECULAR HYDROAMINATION; ENANTIOSELECTIVE HYDROAMINATION; ASYMMETRIC HYDROAMINATION; MIGRATORY INSERTION; BOND FORMATION; C-N; ALKYLATION; OLEFINS; RHODIUM; AMINES AB The addition of an N-H bond to an olefin is the most direct route for the synthesis of alkylamines. Currently, intermolecular hydroamination is limited to reactions of a narrow range of reagents containing N-H bonds or activated alkenes, and all the examples of additions to unactivated alkenes require large excesses of alkene. We report intermolecular hydroamination reactions of indoles with unactivated olefins. The reactions occur with as few as 1.5 equiv of olefin to form N-alkylindoles exclusively and in good yield. Characterizations of the catalyst resting state, kinetic data, labeling studies, and computational data imply that the addition occurs by olefin insertion into the Ir-N bond of an N-indolyl complex and that this insertion reaction is faster than insertion of olefin into the Ir-C bond of the isomeric C-2-indolyl complex. C1 [Sevov, Christo S.; Hartwig, John F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sevov, Christo S.; Zhou, Jianrong (Steve); Hartwig, John F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartwig, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jhartwig@berkeley.edu RI Zhou, Steve/B-7020-2011 OI Zhou, Steve/0000-0002-1806-7436 FU Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0840505]; NSF; Springborn family FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the Molecular Graphics and Computation Facility at UC Berkeley supported by the National Science Foundation (CHE-0840505). We thank Johnson-Matthey for a generous gift of [Ir(cod)Cl]2, and Takasago for a generous gift of (S)-DTBM-Segphos. C.S.S. thanks the NSF and the Springborn family for graduate research fellowships. NR 56 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 7 U2 106 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 136 IS 8 BP 3200 EP 3207 DI 10.1021/ja412116d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AB9VR UT WOS:000332144300045 PM 24483848 ER PT J AU Impens, F Ttira, CC Behunin, RO Neto, PAM AF Impens, Francois Ttira, Claudio Ccapa Behunin, Ryan O. Maia Neto, Paulo A. TI Dynamical local and nonlocal Casimir atomic phases SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID VACUUM FLUCTUATIONS; INTERFEROMETRY; RADIATION; SURFACE; DECOHERENCE; SYSTEM AB We develop an open-system dynamical theory of the Casimir interaction between coherent atomic waves and a material surface. The system, the external atomic waves, disturbs the environment, the electromagnetic field and the atomic dipole degrees of freedom, in a nonlocal manner by leaving footprints on distinct paths of the atom interferometer. This induces a nonlocal dynamical phase depending simultaneously on two distinct paths, beyond usual atom-optics methods and comparable to the local dynamical phase corrections. Nonlocal and local atomic phase coherences are thus equally important to capture the interplay between the external atomic motion and the Casimir interaction. Such dynamical phases are obtained for finite-width wave packets by developing a diagrammatic expansion of the disturbed environment quantum state. C1 [Impens, Francois] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur ARTEMIS, F-06304 Nice, France. [Impens, Francois; Ttira, Claudio Ccapa; Maia Neto, Paulo A.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Behunin, Ryan O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Behunin, Ryan O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Behunin, Ryan O.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Impens, F (reprint author), Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur ARTEMIS, F-06304 Nice, France. FU CNRS (France); CNPq (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil) FX The authors are grateful to Reinaldo de Melo e Souza for stimulating discussions. This work was partially funded by CNRS (France), CNPq, FAPERJ, and CAPES (Brazil). NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 022516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.022516 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AC2MJ UT WOS:000332334900004 ER PT J AU Abelev, B Adam, J Adamova, D Aggarwal, MM Rinella, GA Agnello, M Agocs, AG Agostinelli, A Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, N Masoodi, AA Ahmed, I Ahn, SU Ahn, SA Aimo, I Aiola, S Ajaz, M Akindinov, A Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alexandre, D Alici, A Alkin, A Alme, J Alt, T Altini, V Altinpinar, S Altsybeev, I Prado, CAG Andrei, C Andronic, A Anguelov, V Anielski, J Anticic, T Antinori, F Antonioli, P Aphecetche, L Appelshauser, H Arbor, N Arcelli, S Armesto, N Arnaldi, R Aronsson, T Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmi, MD Bach, M Badala, A Baek, YW Bagnasco, S Bailhache, R Bairathi, V Bala, R Baldisseri, A Pedrosa, FBD Ban, J Baral, RC Barbera, R Barile, F Barnafoldi, GG Barnby, LS Barret, V Bartke, J Basile, M Bastid, N Basu, S Bathen, B Batigne, G Batyunya, B Batzing, PC Baumann, C Bearden, IG Beck, H Bedda, C Behera, NK Belikov, I Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belmont-Moreno, E Bencedi, G Beole, S Berceanu, I Bercuci, A Berdnikov, Y Berenyi, D Berger, ME Bergognon, AAE Bertens, RA Berzano, D Betev, L Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattacharjee, B Bhom, J Bianchi, L Bianchi, N Bianchin, C Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bilandzic, A Bjelogrlic, S Blanco, F Blau, D Blume, C Bock, F Boehmer, FV Bogdanov, A Boggild, H Bogolyubsky, M Boldizsar, L Bombara, M Book, J Borel, H Borissov, A Bornschein, J Bossu, F Botje, M Botta, E Bottger, S Braun-Munzinger, P Bregant, M Breitner, T Broker, TA Browning, TA Broz, M Bruna, E Bruno, GE Budnikov, D Buesching, H Bufalino, S Buncic, P Busch, O Buthelezi, Z Caffarri, D Cai, X Caines, H Caliva, A Villar, EC Camerini, P Roman, VC Carena, F Carena, W Carminati, F Diiaz, AC Castellanos, JC Casula, EAR Catanescu, V Cavicchioli, C Sanchez, CC Cepila, J Cerello, P Chang, B Chapeland, S Charvet, JL Chattopadhyay, S Chattopadhyay, S Cherney, M Cheshkov, C Cheynis, B Barroso, VC Chinellato, DD Chochula, P Chojnacki, M Choudhury, S Christakoglou, P Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Chujo, T Chung, SU Cicalo, C Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Cleymans, J Colamaria, F Colella, D Collu, A Colocci, M Balbastre, GC del Valle, ZC Connors, ME Contin, G Contreras, JG Cormier, TM Morales, YC Cortese, P Maldonado, IC Cosentino, MR Costa, F Crochet, P Albino, RC Cuautle, E Cunqueiro, L Dainese, A Dang, R Danu, A Das, D Das, I Das, K Das, S Dash, A Dash, S De, S Delagrange, H Deloff, A Denes, E D'Erasmo, G de Barros, GOV De Caro, A de Cataldo, G de Cuveland, J De Falco, A De Gruttola, D De Marco, N De Pasquale, S de Rooij, R Corchero, MAD Dietel, T Divia, R Di Bari, D Di Liberto, S Di Mauro, A Di Nezza, P Djuvsland, O Dobrin, A Dobrowolski, T Gimenez, DD Donigus, B Dordic, O Dorheim, S Dubey, AK Dubla, A Ducroux, L Dupieux, P Majumdar, AKD Elia, D Engel, H Erazmus, B Erdal, HA Eschweiler, D Espagnon, B Estienne, M Esumi, S Evans, D Evdokimov, S Eyyubova, G Fabris, D Faivre, J Falchieri, D Fantoni, A Fasel, M Fehlker, D Feldkamp, L Felea, D Feliciello, A Feofilov, G Ferencei, J Tellez, AF Ferreiro, EG Ferretti, A Festanti, A Figiel, J Figueredo, MAS Filchagin, S Finogeev, D Fionda, FM Fiore, EM Floratos, E Floris, M Foertsch, S Foka, P Fokin, S Fragiacomo, E Francescon, A Frankenfeld, U Fuchs, U Furget, C Girard, MF Gaardhoje, JJ Gagliardi, M Gallio, M Gangadharan, DR Ganoti, P Garabatos, C Garcia-Solis, E Gargiulo, C Garishvili, I Gerhard, J Germain, M Gheata, A Gheata, M Ghidini, B Ghosh, P Ghosh, SK Gianotti, P Giubellino, P Gladysz-Dziadus, E Glassel, P Gomez, R Gonzalez-Zamora, P Gorbunov, S Gorlich, L Gotovac, S Graczykowski, LK Grajcarek, R Grelli, A Grigoras, A Grigoras, C Grigoriev, V Grigoryan, A Grigoryan, S Grinyov, B Grion, N Grosse-Oetringhaus, JF Grossiord, JY Grosso, R Guber, F Guernane, R Guerzoni, B Guilbaud, M Gulbrandsen, K Gulkanyan, H Gunji, T Gupta, A Gupta, R Khan, KH Haake, R Haaland, O Hadjidakis, C Haiduc, M Hamagaki, H Hamar, G Hanratty, LD Hansen, A Harris, JW Hartmann, H Harton, A Hatzifotiadou, D Hayashi, S Hayrapetyan, A Heckel, ST Heide, M Helstrup, H Herghelegiu, A Corral, GH Hess, BA Hetland, KF Hicks, B Hippolyte, B Hladky, J Hristov, P Huang, M Humanic, TJ Hutter, D Hwang, DS Ianigro, JC Ilkaev, R Ilkiv, I Inaba, M Incani, E Innocenti, GM Ionita, C Ippolitov, M Irfan, M Ivanov, M Ivanov, V Ivanytskyi, O Jacholkowski, A Jahnke, C Jang, HJ Janik, MA Jayarathna, PHSY Jena, S Bustamante, RTJ Jones, PG Jung, H Jusko, A Kalcher, S Kalinak, P Kalweit, A Kamin, J Kang, JH Kaplin, V Kar, S Uysal, AK Karavichev, O Karavicheva, T Karpechev, E Kebschull, U Keidel, R Ketzer, B Khan, MM Khan, P Khan, SA Khanzadeev, A Kharlov, Y Kileng, B Kim, B Kim, DW Kim, DJ Kim, JS Kim, M Kim, M Kim, S Kim, T Kirsch, S Kisel, I Kiselev, S Kisiel, A Kiss, G Klay, JL Klein, J Klein-Bosing, C Kluge, A Knichel, ML Knospe, AG Kobdaj, C Kohler, MK Kollegger, T Kolojvari, A Kondratiev, V Kondratyeva, N Konevskikh, A Kovalenko, V Kowalski, M Kox, S Meethaleveedu, GK Kral, J Kralik, I Kramer, F Kravcakova, A Krelina, M Kretz, M Krivda, M Krizek, F Krus, M Kryshen, E Krzewicki, M Kucera, V Kucheriaev, Y Kugathasan, T Kuhn, C Kuijer, PG Kulakov, I Kumar, J Kurashvili, P Kurepin, A Kurepin, AB Kuryakin, A Kushpil, S Kushpil, V Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y de Guevara, PL Fernandes, CL Lakomov, I Langoy, R Lara, C Lardeux, A Lattuca, A La Pointe, SL La Rocca, P Lea, R Lee, GR Legrand, I Lehnert, J Lemmon, RC Lenhardt, M Lenti, V Leogrande, E Leoncino, M Monzon, IL Levai, P Li, S Lien, J Lietava, R Lindal, S Lindenstruth, V Lippmann, C Lisa, MA Ljunggren, HM Lodato, DF Loenne, PI Loggins, VR Loginov, V Lohner, D Loizides, C Lopez, X Torres, EL Lu, XG Luettig, P Lunardon, M Luo, J Luparello, G Luzzi, C Gago, AM Jacobs, PM Ma, R Maevskaya, A Mager, M Mahapatra, DP Maire, A Malaev, M Cervantes, IM Malinina, L Mal'Kevich, D Malzacher, P Mamonov, A Manceau, L Manko, V Manso, F Manzari, V Marchisone, M 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Pachmayer, Y Pachr, M Pagano, P Paic, G Painke, F Pajares, C Pal, SK Palmeri, A Pant, D Papikyan, V Pappalardo, GS Park, WJ Passfeld, A Patalakha, DI Paticchio, V Pawlak, BPT Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Da Costa, HP Filho, EPDO Peresunko, D Lara, CEP Peryt, W Pesci, A Pestov, Y Petracek, V Petran, M Petris, M Petrovici, M Petta, C Piano, S Pikna, M Pillot, P Pinazza, O Pinsky, L Piyarathna, DB Planinic, M Ploskon, M Pluta, J Pochybova, S Podesta-Lerma, PLM Poghosyan, MG Pohjoisaho, EHO Polichtchouk, B Poljak, N Pop, A Porteboeuf-Houssais, S Porter, J Pospisil, V Potukuchi, B Prasad, SK Preghenella, R Prino, F Pruneau, CA Pshenichnov, I Puddu, G Pujahari, P Punin, V Putschke, J Qvigstad, H Rachevski, A Raha, S Rak, J Rakotozafindrabe, A Ramello, L Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Rasanen, SS Rascanu, BT Rathee, D Rauf, AW Razazi, V Read, KF Real, JS Redlich, K Reed, RJ Rehman, A Reichelt, P Reicher, M Reidt, F Renfordt, R Reolon, AR Reshetin, A Rettig, F Revol, JP Reygers, K Riabov, V Ricci, RA 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Trubnikov, V. Trzaska, W. H. Tsuji, T. Tumkin, A. Turrisi, R. Tveter, T. S. Ulery, J. Ullaland, K. Ulrich, J. Uras, A. Usai, G. L. Vajzer, M. Vala, M. Palomo, L. Valencia Vallero, S. Vyvre, P. Vande Vannucci, L. Van Hoorne, J. W. Van Leeuwen, M. Vargas, A. Varma, R. Vasileiou, M. Vasiliev, A. Vechernin, V. Veldhoen, M. Venaruzzo, M. Vercellin, E. Limon, S. Vergara Vernet, R. Verweij, M. Vickovic, L. Viesti, G. Viinikainen, J. Vilakazi, Z. Baillie, O. Villalobos Vinogradov, A. Vinogradov, L. Vinogradov, Y. Virgili, T. Viyogi, Y. P. Vodopyanov, A. Voelkl, M. A. Voloshin, K. Voloshin, S. A. Volpe, G. von Haller, B. Vorobyev, I. Vranic, D. Vrlakova, J. Vulpescu, B. Vyushin, A. Wagner, B. Wagner, J. Wagner, V. Wang, M. Wang, Y. Watanabe, D. Weber, M. Wessels, J. P. Westerhoff, U. Wiechula, J. Wikne, J. Wilde, M. Wilk, G. Wilkinson, J. Williams, M. C. S. Windelband, B. Winn, M. Xiang, C. Yaldo, C. G. Yamaguchi, Y. Yang, H. Yang, P. Yang, S. Yano, S. Yasnopolskiy, S. Yi, J. Yin, Z. Yoo, I. -K. Yushmanov, I. Zaccolo, V. Zach, C. Zaman, A. Zampolli, C. Zaporozhets, S. Zarochentsev, A. Zavada, P. Zaviyalov, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zgura, I. S. Zhalov, M. Zhang, F. Zhang, H. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhao, C. Zhou, D. Zhou, F. Zhou, Y. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, X. Zichichi, A. Zimmermann, A. Zimmermann, M. B. Zinovjev, G. Zoccarato, Y. Zynovyev, M. Zyzak, M. CA ALICE Collaboration TI Two- and three-pion quantum statistics correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CORRELATIONS; PION INTERFEROMETRY; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; COULOMB CORRECTIONS; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COHERENT; STATES; MODEL AB Correlations induced by quantum statistics are sensitive to the spatiotemporal extent as well as dynamics of particle-emitting sources in heavy-ion collisions. In addition, such correlations can be used to search for the presence of a coherent component of pion production. Two- and three-pion correlations of same and mixed charge are measured at low relative momentum to estimate the coherent fraction of charged pions in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider with ALICE. The genuine three-pion quantum statistics correlation is found to be suppressed relative to the two-pion correlation based on the assumption of fully chaotic pion emission. The suppression is observed to decrease with triplet momentum. The observed suppression at low triplet momentum may correspond to a coherent fraction in charged-pion emission of 23% +/- 8%. C1 [Abelev, B.; Garishvili, I.; Soltz, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Adam, J.; Bielcik, J.; Cepila, J.; Krelina, M.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Petracek, V.; Petran, M.; Pospisil, V.; Smakal, R.; Spacek, M.; Vajzer, M.; Wagner, V.; Zach, C.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. 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Mohisin] Aligarh Muslim Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Klay, J. L.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Knospe, A. G.; Markert, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Kobdaj, C.] Suranaree Univ Technol, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. [Krizek, F.; Pohjoisaho, E. H. O.; Rasanen, S. S.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Kweon, M. J.] Inha Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Inchon, South Korea. [Langoy, R.; Lien, J.] Vestfold Univ Coll, Tonsberg, Norway. [Lemmon, R. C.; Romita, R.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Nucl Phys Grp, Daresbury, England. [Leon Monzon, I.; Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.; Sanchez Rodriguez, F. J.] Univ Autonoma Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico. [Malinina, L.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, DV Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Martashvili, I.; Mazer, J.; Nattrass, C.; Read, K. F.; Scott, R.; Sharma, N.; Sorensen, S.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mazumder, R.; Mishra, A. N.; Roy, A.; Sahoo, R.] Indian Inst Technol Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Meddi, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Mohanty, B.; Singha, S.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. [Oeschler, H.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Darmstadt, Germany. [Oh, S. K.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Pestov, Y.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.; Simatovic, G.] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [Redlich, K.] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50138 Wroclaw, Poland. [Ricci, R. A.; Vannucci, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Shigaki, K.; Sugitate, T.; Yano, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. [Takaki, J. D. Tapia] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Vernet, R.] IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. RP Abelev, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Akindinov, Alexander/J-2674-2016; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Ferreiro, Elena/C-3797-2017; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017; Ferretti, Alessandro/F-4856-2013; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/F-4083-2010; Vickovic, Linda/F-3517-2017; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; Vechernin, Vladimir/J-5832-2013; Janik, Malgorzata/O-7520-2015; Graczykowski, Lukasz/O-7522-2015; feofilov, grigory/A-2549-2013; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Chinellato, David/D-3092-2012; de Cuveland, Jan/H-6454-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Jena, Deepika/P-2873-2015; Jena, Satyajit/P-2409-2015; Ahmed, Ijaz/E-9144-2015; Usai, Gianluca/E-9604-2015; Salgado, Carlos A./G-2168-2015; Barbera, Roberto/G-5805-2012; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Karasu Uysal, Ayben/K-3981-2015; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Pshenichnov, Igor/A-4063-2008; Zarochentsev, Andrey/J-6253-2013; Altsybeev, Igor/K-6687-2013; Vinogradov, Leonid/K-3047-2013; Kondratiev, Valery/J-8574-2013; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Blau, Dmitry/H-4523-2012; Yang, Hongyan/J-9826-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Felea, Daniel/C-1885-2012; Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor/L-3486-2013; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Kharlov, Yuri/D-2700-2015; Mitu, Ciprian/E-6733-2011; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Adamova, Dagmar/G-9789-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Kovalenko, Vladimir/C-5709-2013; Bregant, Marco/I-7663-2012; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Sevcenco, Adrian/C-1832-2012; Hladky, Jan/G-7953-2014; Kucera, Vit/G-8459-2014; Vajzer, Michal/G-8469-2014 OI Akindinov, Alexander/0000-0002-7388-3022; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Ferreiro, Elena/0000-0002-4449-2356; Armesto, Nestor/0000-0003-0940-0783; Ferretti, Alessandro/0000-0001-9084-5784; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/0000-0002-8503-3009; Vickovic, Linda/0000-0002-9820-7960; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220; Vechernin, Vladimir/0000-0003-1458-8055; Janik, Malgorzata/0000-0002-3356-3438; feofilov, grigory/0000-0003-3700-8623; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Chinellato, David/0000-0002-9982-9577; de Cuveland, Jan/0000-0003-0455-1398; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Jena, Deepika/0000-0003-2112-0311; Jena, Satyajit/0000-0002-6220-6982; van Leeuwen, Marco/0000-0002-5222-4888; Masera, Massimo/0000-0003-1880-5467; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0001-5092-9748; Gago Medina, Alberto Martin/0000-0002-0019-9692; Riggi, Francesco/0000-0002-0030-8377; Dainese, Andrea/0000-0002-2166-1874; Paticchio, Vincenzo/0000-0002-2916-1671; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Scarlassara, Fernando/0000-0002-4663-8216; Turrisi, Rosario/0000-0002-5272-337X; D'Erasmo, Ginevra/0000-0003-3407-6962; Beole', Stefania/0000-0003-4673-8038; Martynov, Yevgen/0000-0003-0753-2205; Usai, Gianluca/0000-0002-8659-8378; Salgado, Carlos A./0000-0003-4586-2758; Barbera, Roberto/0000-0001-5971-6415; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Karasu Uysal, Ayben/0000-0001-6297-2532; Pshenichnov, Igor/0000-0003-1752-4524; Zarochentsev, Andrey/0000-0002-3502-8084; Altsybeev, Igor/0000-0002-8079-7026; Vinogradov, Leonid/0000-0001-9247-6230; Kondratiev, Valery/0000-0002-0031-0741; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Felea, Daniel/0000-0002-3734-9439; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Kovalenko, Vladimir/0000-0001-6012-6615; Sevcenco, Adrian/0000-0002-4151-1056; FU Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) collaboration; State Committee of Science; World Federation of Scientists (WFS); Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE); Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; European Research Council under the European Community; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Academy of Finland; French Grant [CNRS-IN2P3]; Region Pays de Loire; Region Alsace; Region Auvergne; CEA, France; German BMBF; Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology; Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA; National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy; Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi," Italy; MEXT, Japan; Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT; DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC; EPLANET Program (European Particle Physics Latin American Network) Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and National Science Centre, Poland; Ministry of National Education/Institute for Atomic Physics; CNCS-UEFISCDI, Romania; Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT; EELA; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion); CEADEN; Cubaenergia, Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR); Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); United States Department of Energy; United States National Science Foundation; State of Texas, and the State of Ohio FX We would like to thank Richard Lednicky, Ulrich Heinz, Tamas Csorgo, Mate Csanad, and Yuri Sinyukov for numerous helpful discussions. The ALICE collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE collaboration gratefully acknowledges the resources and support provided by all Grid centers and the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) collaboration. The ALICE collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector: State Committee of Science, World Federation of Scientists (WFS), and Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council, the Carlsberg Foundation, and the Danish National Research Foundation; The European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute of Physics and the Academy of Finland; French Grant No. CNRS-IN2P3, the "Region Pays de Loire," "Region Alsace," "Region Auvergne," and CEA, France; German BMBF and the Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA and National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi," Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC and the EPLANET Program (European Particle Physics Latin American Network) Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and National Science Centre, Poland; Ministry of National Education/Institute for Atomic Physics and CNCS-UEFISCDI, Romania; Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy, Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations, and The Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT, EELA, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion), CEADEN, Cubaenergia, Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); The United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the State of Texas, and the State of Ohio. NR 39 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 90 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 024911 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.89.024911 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA AC0GV UT WOS:000332173700006 ER PT J AU Lee, JZ Burow, LC Woebken, D Everroad, RC Kubo, MD Spormann, AM Weber, PK Pett-Ridge, J Bebout, BM Hoehler, TM AF Lee, Jackson Z. Burow, Luke C. Woebken, Dagmar Everroad, R. Craig Kubo, Mike D. Spormann, Alfred M. Weber, Peter K. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Bebout, Brad M. Hoehler, Tori M. TI Fermentation couples Chloroflexi and sulfate-reducing bacteria to cyanobacteria in hypersaline microbial mats SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE microbial mats; hydrogen; fermentation; Guerrero Negro; NanoSIMS ID GUERRERO-NEGRO; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; LYNGBYA-SP; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; MARINE; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN; FIXATION AB Past studies of hydrogen cycling in hypersaline microbial mats have shown an active nighttime cycle, with production largely from cyanobacteria and consumption from sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). However, the mechanisms and magnitude of hydrogen cycling have not been extensively studied. Two mats types near Guerrero Negro, Mexico-permanently submerged Microcoleus microbial mat (GN-S), and intertidal Lyngbya microbial mat (GN-I)-were used in microcosm diel manipulation experiments with 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), molybdate, ammonium addition, and physical disruption to understand the processes responsible for hydrogen cycling between mat microbes. Across microcosms, H-2 production occurred under dark anoxic conditions with simultaneous production of a suite of organic acids. H-2 production was not significantly affected by inhibition of nitrogen fixation, but rather appears to results from constitutive fermentation of photosynthetic storage products by oxygenic phototrophs. Comparison to accumulated glycogen and to CO2 flux indicated that, in the GN-I mat, fermentation released almost all of the carbon fixed via photosynthesis during the preceding day, primarily as organic acids. Across mats, although oxygenic and anoxygenic phototrophs were detected, cyanobacterial [NiFe]-hydrogenase transcripts predominated. Molybdate inhibition experiments indicated that SRBs from a wide distribution of DsrA phylotypes were responsible for H-2 consumption. Incubation with C-13-acetate and NanoSIMS (secondary ion mass-spectrometry) indicated higher uptake in both chloroflexi and SRBs relative to other filamentous bacteria. These manipulations and diel incubations confirm that cyanobacteria were the main fermenters in Guerrero Negro mats and that the net flux of nighttime fermentation byproducts (not only hydrogen) was largely regulated by the interplay between Cyanobacteria, SRBs, and Chloroflexi. C1 [Lee, Jackson Z.; Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Everroad, R. Craig; Kubo, Mike D.; Bebout, Brad M.; Hoehler, Tori M.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Exobiol Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lee, Jackson Z.] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA USA. [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Spormann, Alfred M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Spormann, Alfred M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kubo, Mike D.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA USA. [Weber, Peter K.; Pett-Ridge, Jennifer] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA USA. RP Lee, JZ (reprint author), NASA Ames Res Ctr, POB 1,MS 239-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jackson.z.lee@nasa.gov RI Woebken, Dagmar/A-4447-2013; OI Woebken, Dagmar/0000-0002-1314-9926 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Genomic Science Program [SCW1039]; U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA Postdoctoral Program FX We thank Erich Fleming, Angela Detweiler, Guillaume Lamarche-Gagnon, Daniel Albert, and Christina Ramon for technical support. We thank Jeff Cann, Associate Wildlife Biologist, Central Region, California Department of Fish and Game for coordinating our access to the Moss Landing Wildlife Area to collect Elkhorn Slough mats and Andrew McDowell at UCB for IRMS analyses. Funding was provided by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Genomic Science Program under contract SCW1039. Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. R. Craig Everroad acknowledges the support of the NASA Postdoctoral Program, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. NR 64 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 51 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 61 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00061 PG 17 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AB8WN UT WOS:000332070800001 PM 24616716 ER PT J AU Drichko, N Beyer, R Rose, E Dressel, M Schlueter, JA Turunova, SA Zhilyaeva, EI Lyubovskaya, RN AF Drichko, Natalia Beyer, Rebecca Rose, Eva Dressel, Martin Schlueter, John A. Turunova, S. A. Zhilyaeva, E. I. Lyubovskaya, R. N. TI Metallic state and charge-order metal-insulator transition in the quasi-two-dimensional conductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Hg(SCN)(2)Cl SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ORGANIC CONDUCTORS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; MOTT TRANSITION; TTF; SUPERCONDUCTORS; REFLECTANCE; RESISTIVITY; BEHAVIOR; SPECTRA; SALTS AB We present a study of optical and dc properties of a highly frustrated organic conductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Hg(SCN)(2)Cl in the 300-10 K temperature range. At temperatures above 30 K, the material shows properties of a half-filled metal with strong electron-electron correlations. At 30 K, the compound undergoes a metal-insulator transition which we identify as a charge-ordering transition. We find that properties of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Hg(SCN)(2)Cl are well explained by a model of a paired electron crystal. C1 [Drichko, Natalia; Beyer, Rebecca; Rose, Eva; Dressel, Martin] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys, Stuttgart, Germany. [Drichko, Natalia] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Schlueter, John A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Schlueter, John A.] Natl Sci Fdn, Div Mat Res, Arlington, VA USA. [Turunova, S. A.; Zhilyaeva, E. I.; Lyubovskaya, R. N.] Inst Problems Chem Phys, Chernogolovka, Russia. RP Drichko, N (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys, Pfaffenwaldring 57, Stuttgart, Germany. EM drichko@pha.jhu.edu RI Dressel, Martin/D-3244-2012 FU Margarete von Wrangell Habilitationstipendium; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [DR 228/39-1]; American Physical Society; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER46544]; National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We are grateful to H. Jeschke, R. Valenti, and S. Mazumdar for stimulating discussions, and to H. Jeschke and R. Valenti for providing the unpublished results of their calculations of the electronic structure of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Hg(SCN)2Cl. N.D. acknowledges support by the Margarete von Wrangell Habilitationstipendium. Work in the University of Stuttgart is supported by by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via Grant No. DR 228/39-1. Work at JHU was supported by the H. Blewett Fellowship of the American Physical Society and by DOE grant for The Institute of Quantum Matter Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46544. Chem-MatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under Grant No. NSF/CHE-0822838. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 7 AR 075133 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.075133 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3KL UT WOS:000332416900001 ER PT J AU Ren, J Zhu, JX AF Ren, Jie Zhu, Jian-Xin TI Asymmetric Andreev reflection induced electrical and thermal Hall-like effects in metal/anisotropic superconductor junctions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID D-WAVE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NORMAL-METAL; TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; JOSEPHSON CURRENT; QUASI-PARTICLE; GRAPHENE; CHARGE; STATES AB By investigating the nonequilibrium transport across a metal/superconductor junction in both nonrelativistic and relativistic cases, we reveal that the asymmetric Andreev reflection with anisotropic superconductors is able to induce electric and thermal Hall-like effects in the absence of a magnetic field. That is, a longitudinal electric voltage or temperature bias can inducetransverse electric or thermal currents merely through the asymmetric Andreev reflection, respectively. In particular, a transverse thermoelectric effect, i.e., the Ettingshausen-like effect, is identified, although the conjugate Nernst effect is absent. The direction change of these electric and thermal Hall-like currents is also discussed. The Hall-like effects uncovered here do not require the conventional time-reversal symmetry breaking but, rather, originate from the mirror symmetry breaking with respect to the interface normal due to the anisotropic paring symmetry of the superconductor. C1 [Ren, Jie; Zhu, Jian-Xin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhu, Jian-Xin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ren, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM renjie@lanl.gov; jxzhu@lanl.gov RI Ren, Jie/G-5314-2010 OI Ren, Jie/0000-0003-2806-7226 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. DOE at LANL [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LDRD Program of LANL; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. DOE user facility FX The work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. DOE at LANL under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and through the LDRD Program of LANL. This work was supported, in part, by the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. DOE user facility. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 6 AR 064512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.064512 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3KC UT WOS:000332415800005 ER PT J AU Saito, H Ejiri, S Aoki, S Kanaya, K Nakagawa, Y Ohno, H Okuno, K Umeda, T AF Saito, H. Ejiri, S. Aoki, S. Kanaya, K. Nakagawa, Y. Ohno, H. Okuno, K. Umeda, T. CA WHOT-QCD Collaboration TI Histograms in heavy-quark QCD at finite temperature and density SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CHIRAL CRITICAL-POINT; PHASE-TRANSITIONS AB We study the phase structure of lattice QCD with heavy quarks at finite temperature and density by a histogram method. We determine the location of the critical point at which the first-order deconfining transition in the heavy-quark limit turns into a crossover at intermediate quark masses through a change of the shape of the histogram under variation of coupling parameters. We estimate the effect of the complex phase factor, which causes the sign problem at finite density, and show that, in heavy-quark QCD, the effect is small around the critical point. We determine the critical surface in 2 + 1 flavor QCD in the heavy-quark region at all values of the chemical potential mu including mu = infinity. C1 [Saito, H.; Aoki, S.; Kanaya, K.] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Ejiri, S.; Nakagawa, Y.; Okuno, K.] Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Niigata 9502181, Japan. [Aoki, S.] Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan. [Ohno, H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Umeda, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Hiroshima 7398524, Japan. RP Ejiri, S (reprint author), Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Niigata 9502181, Japan. EM ejiri@muse.sc.niigata-u.ac.jp FU Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [21340049, 22740168, 20340047, 23540295, 25287046]; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) [12/13-14]; Center for Computational Sciences (CCS); Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists; [20105001]; [20105003]; [23105706] FX We would like to thank Tetsuo Hatsuda and Yu Maezawa for valuable discussions. This work is in part supported by Grants-in-Aid of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grants No. 21340049, No. 22740168, No. 20340047, No. 23540295, and No. 25287046), the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Grants No. 20105001, No. 20105003, and No. 23105706), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) [Grant No. 12/13-14 (FY2012-2013)], Center for Computational Sciences (CCS), and Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP). H. S. is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 034507 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.034507 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CU UT WOS:000332163200001 ER PT J AU Biskup, N Salafranca, J Mehta, V Oxley, MP Suzuki, Y Pennycook, SJ Pantelides, ST Varela, M AF Biskup, Neven Salafranca, Juan Mehta, Virat Oxley, Mark P. Suzuki, Yuri Pennycook, Stephen J. Pantelides, Sokrates T. Varela, Maria TI Insulating Ferromagnetic LaCoO3-delta Films: A Phase Induced by Ordering of Oxygen Vacancies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDES; PEROVSKITE; PHYSICS; BROWNMILLERITE; STATES AB The origin of ferromagnetism in strained epitaxial LaCoO3 films has been a long-standing mystery. Here, we combine atomically resolved Z-contrast imaging, electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, and density-functional calculations to demonstrate that, in epitaxial LaCoO3 films, oxygen-vacancy superstructures release strain, control the film's electronic properties, and produce the observed ferromagnetism via the excess electrons in the Co d states. Although oxygen vacancies typically dope a material n-type, we find that ordered vacancies induce Peierls-like minigaps which, combined with strain relaxation, trigger a nonlinear rupture of the energy bands, resulting in insulating behavior. C1 [Biskup, Neven; Salafranca, Juan; Varela, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Aplicada 3, Madrid 28010, Spain. [Biskup, Neven; Salafranca, Juan; Varela, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, Inst Pluridisciplinar, Madrid 28010, Spain. [Biskup, Neven; Salafranca, Juan; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Pantelides, Sokrates T.; Varela, Maria] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mehta, Virat; Suzuki, Yuri] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mehta, Virat; Suzuki, Yuri] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Oxley, Mark P.; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Oxley, Mark P.; Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Suzuki, Yuri] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Suzuki, Yuri] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Salafranca, J (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Aplicada 3, Madrid 28010, Spain. EM jsalafra@ucm.es RI Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Biskup, Neven/N-2132-2014 OI Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Biskup, Neven/0000-0003-0309-0737 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program; DOE-BES; ERC [239739 STEMOX]; Fundacion Caja de Madrid; Juan de la Cierva program; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-SC0008505]; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-09ER46554]; McMinn Endowment; National Center for Supercomputing Applications (U.S. Department of Energy) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX N. B. and J. S. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank Masashi Watanabe for the Digital Micrograph PCA plug-in and C. Leighton for fruitful discussions (M. V.). Research at ORNL (S. J. P. and M. V.) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, and through a user project supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program, which is also sponsored by DOE-BES. Research at UCM (N. B. and J. S.) was supported by the ERC starting Investigator Award, Grant No. 239739 STEMOX, Fundacion Caja de Madrid, and Juan de la Cierva program (J. S.). Research at UC Berkeley/LBNL and Stanford was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contracts No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and No. DE-SC0008505, respectively. Research at Vanderbilt was supported in part by the U.S. DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-09ER46554 and the McMinn Endowment. Computations were supported by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (U.S. Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 42 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 12 U2 142 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 8 AR 087202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.087202 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7GT UT WOS:000331958400009 ER PT J AU Xi, PW Xu, XQ Diamond, PH AF Xi, P. W. Xu, X. Q. Diamond, P. H. TI Phase Dynamics Criterion for Fast Relaxation of High-Confinement-Mode Plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EDGE LOCALIZED MODES; TURBULENCE AB We derive a new nonlinear criterion for the occurrence of fast relaxation (crash) events at the edge of high-confinement-mode plasmas. These fast relaxation events called ELMs (edge-localized modes) evolve from ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities, but the crash is not due only to linear physics. We show that for an ELM crash to occur, the coherence time of the relative phase between potential and pressure perturbations must be long enough to allow growth to large amplitude. This phase coherence time is determined by both linear and nonlinear dynamics. An ELM crash requires that the instability growth rate exceed a critical value, i.e., gamma > gamma(c), where gamma(c) is set by 1/tau(c) and tau(c) is the phase coherence time. For 0 < gamma < gamma(c), MHD turbulence develops and drives enhanced turbulent transport. The results indicate that the shape of the growth rate spectrum gamma(n) is important to whether the result is a crash or turbulence. We demonstrate that ELMs can be mitigated by reducing the phase coherence time without changing linear instability. These findings also offer an explanation of the occurrence of ELM-free H-mode regimes. C1 [Xi, P. W.] Peking Univ, FSC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Xi, P. W.] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Xi, P. W.; Xu, X. Q.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Diamond, P. H.] Natl Fus Res Inst, WCI Ctr Fus Theory, Taejon 100871, South Korea. [Diamond, P. H.] Univ Calif San Diego, CASS, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Diamond, P. H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Xi, PW (reprint author), Peking Univ, FSC, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM pwxipku@gmail.com FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-7NA27344]; NSFC [10935004, 11261140326]; PKU Program [2013GB112006]; WCI program of Korea; CMTFO; U.S. DOE FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-7NA27344 and is supported by the NSFC under Grants No. 10935004 and No. 11261140326, the PKU Program No. 2013GB112006, the WCI program of Korea, and the CMTFO sponsored by the U.S. DOE. The authors wish to thank X. G. Wang, P. Snyder, F. L. Waelbroeck, T. Y. Xia, and G. Dif-Pradalier for useful discussions. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 8 AR 085001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.085001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7GT UT WOS:000331958400005 ER PT J AU Abramowicz, H Abt, I Adamczyk, L Adamus, M Aggarwal, R Antonelli, S Antonioli, P Antonov, A Arneodo, M Arslan, O Aushev, V Aushev, Y Bachynska, O Bamberger, A Barakbaev, AN Barbagli, G Bari, G Barreiro, F Bartosik, N Bartsch, D Basile, M Behnke, O Behr, J Behrens, U Bellagamba, L Bertolin, A Bhadra, S Bindi, M Blohm, C Bokhonov, V Bold, T Boos, EG Borras, K Boscherini, D Bot, D Brock, I Brownson, E Brugnera, R Brummer, N Bruni, A Bruni, G Brzozowska, B Bussey, PJ Bylsma, B Caldwell, A Capua, M Carlin, R Catterall, CD Chekanov, S Chwastowski, J Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Cooper-Sarkar, AM Coppola, N Corradi, M Corriveau, F Costa, M D'Agostini, G Dal Corso, F del Peso, J Dementiev, RK De Pasquale, S Derrick, M Devenish, RCE Dobur, D Dolgoshein, BA Dolinska, G Doyle, AT Drugakov, V Durkin, LS Dusini, S Eisenberg, Y Ermolov, PF Eskreys, A Fang, S Fazio, S Ferrando, J Ferrero, MI Figiel, J Foster, B Gach, G Galas, A Gallo, E Garfagnini, A Geiser, A Gialas, I Gizhko, A Gladilin, LK Gladkov, D Glasman, C Gogota, O Golubkov, YA Gottlicher, P Grabowska-Bold, I Grebenyuk, J Gregor, I Grigorescu, G Grzelak, G Gueta, O Guzik, M Gwenlan, C Haas, T Hain, W Hamatsu, R Hart, JC Hartmann, H Hartner, G Hilger, E Hochman, D Hori, R Huttmann, A Ibrahim, ZA Iga, Y Ingbir, R Ishitsuka, M Iudin, A Jakob, HP Januschek, F Jones, TW Jungst, M Kadenko, I Kahle, B Kananov, S Kanno, T Karshon, U Karstens, F Katkov, II Kaur, M Kaur, P Keramidas, A Khein, LA Kim, JY Kisielewska, D Kitamura, S Klanner, R Klein, U Koffeman, E Kondrashova, N Kononenko, O Kooijman, P Korol, I Korzhavina, IA Kotanski, A Kotz, U Kovalchuk, N Kowalski, H Kuprash, O Kuze, M Lee, A Levchenko, BB Levy, A Libov, V Limentani, S Ling, TY Lisovyi, M Lobodzinska, E Lohmann, W Lohr, B Lohrmann, E Long, KR Longhin, A Lontkovskyi, D Lukina, OY Maeda, J Magill, S Makarenko, I Malka, J Mankel, R Margotti, A Marini, G Martin, JF Mastroberardino, A Mattingly, MCK Melzer-Pellmann, IA Mergelmeyer, S Miglioranzi, S Idris, FM Monaco, V Montanari, A Morris, JD Mujkic, K Musgrave, B Nagano, K Namsoo, T Nania, R Nigro, A Ning, Y Nobe, T Notz, D Nowak, RJ Nuncio-Quiroz, AE Oh, BY Okazaki, N Olkiewicz, K Onishchuk, Y Papageorgiu, K Parenti, A Paul, E Pawlak, JM Pawlik, B Pelfer, PG Pellegrino, A Perlanski, W Perrey, H Piotrzkowski, K Plucinski, P Pokrovskiy, NS Polini, A Proskuryakov, AS Przybycien, M Raval, A Reeder, DD Reisert, B Ren, Z Repond, J Ri, YD Robertson, A Roloff, P Rubinsky, I Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Samson, U Sartorelli, G Savin, AA Saxon, DH Schioppa, M Schlenstedt, S Schleper, P Schmidke, WB Schneekloth, U Schonberg, V Schorner-Sadenius, T Schwartz, J Sciulli, F Shcheglova, LM Shehzadi, R Shimizu, S Singh, I Skillicorn, IO Lominski, WS Smith, WH Sola, V Solano, A Son, D Sosnovtsev, V Spiridonov, A Stadie, H Stanco, L Stefaniuk, N Stern, A Stewart, TP Stifutkin, A Stopa, P Suchkov, S Susinno, G Suszycki, L Sztuk-Dambietz, J Szuba, D Szuba, J Tapper, AD Tassi, E Terron, J Theedt, T Tiecke, H Tokushuku, K Tomaszewska, J Trofymov, A Trusov, V Tsurugai, T Turcato, M Turkot, O Tymieniecka, T Uribe-Estrada, C Vazquez, M Verbytskyi, A Viazlo, O Vlasov, NN Walczak, R Abdullah, WATW Whitmore, JJ Wichmann, K Wiggers, L Wing, M Wlasenko, M Wolf, G Wolfe, H Wrona, K Yagues-Molina, AG Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Yoshida, R Youngman, C Zakharchuk, N Zarnecki, AF Zawiejski, L Zenaiev, O Zeuner, W Zhautykov, BO Zhmak, N Zichichi, A Zolkapli, Z Zotkin, DS AF Abramowicz, H. Abt, I. Adamczyk, L. Adamus, M. Aggarwal, R. Antonelli, S. Antonioli, P. Antonov, A. Arneodo, M. Arslan, O. Aushev, V. Aushev, Y. Bachynska, O. Bamberger, A. Barakbaev, A. N. Barbagli, G. Bari, G. Barreiro, F. Bartosik, N. Bartsch, D. Basile, M. Behnke, O. Behr, J. Behrens, U. Bellagamba, L. Bertolin, A. Bhadra, S. Bindi, M. Blohm, C. Bokhonov, V. Bold, T. Boos, E. G. Borras, K. Boscherini, D. Bot, D. Brock, I. Brownson, E. Brugnera, R. Bruemmer, N. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Brzozowska, B. Bussey, P. J. Bylsma, B. Caldwell, A. Capua, M. Carlin, R. Catterall, C. D. Chekanov, S. Chwastowski, J. Ciborowski, J. Ciesielski, R. Cifarelli, L. Cindolo, F. Contin, A. Cooper-Sarkar, A. M. Coppola, N. Corradi, M. Corriveau, F. Costa, M. D'Agostini, G. Dal Corso, F. del Peso, J. Dementiev, R. K. De Pasquale, S. Derrick, M. Devenish, R. C. E. Dobur, D. Dolgoshein, B. A. Dolinska, G. Doyle, A. T. Drugakov, V. Durkin, L. S. Dusini, S. Eisenberg, Y. Ermolov, P. F. Eskreys, A. Fang, S. Fazio, S. Ferrando, J. Ferrero, M. I. Figiel, J. Foster, B. Gach, G. Galas, A. Gallo, E. Garfagnini, A. Geiser, A. Gialas, I. Gizhko, A. Gladilin, L. K. Gladkov, D. Glasman, C. Gogota, O. Golubkov, Yu. A. Gottlicher, P. Grabowska-Bold, I. Grebenyuk, J. Gregor, I. Grigorescu, G. Grzelak, G. Gueta, O. Guzik, M. Gwenlan, C. Haas, T. Hain, W. Hamatsu, R. Hart, J. C. Hartmann, H. Hartner, G. Hilger, E. Hochman, D. Hori, R. Huttmann, A. Ibrahim, Z. A. Iga, Y. Ingbir, R. Ishitsuka, M. Iudin, A. Jakob, H. -P. Januschek, F. Jones, T. W. Jungst, M. Kadenko, I. Kahle, B. Kananov, S. Kanno, T. Karshon, U. Karstens, F. Katkov, I. I. Kaur, M. Kaur, P. Keramidas, A. Khein, L. A. Kim, J. Y. Kisielewska, D. Kitamura, S. Klanner, R. Klein, U. Koffeman, E. Kondrashova, N. Kononenko, O. Kooijman, P. Korol, Ie. Korzhavina, I. A. Kotanski, A. Kotz, U. Kovalchuk, N. Kowalski, H. Kuprash, O. Kuze, M. Lee, A. Levchenko, B. B. Levy, A. Libov, V. Limentani, S. Ling, T. Y. Lisovyi, M. Lobodzinska, E. Lohmann, W. Lohr, B. Lohrmann, E. Long, K. R. Longhin, A. Lontkovskyi, D. Lukina, O. Yu. Maeda, J. Magill, S. Makarenko, I. Malka, J. Mankel, R. Margotti, A. Marini, G. Martin, J. F. Mastroberardino, A. Mattingly, M. C. K. Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A. Mergelmeyer, S. Miglioranzi, S. Idris, F. Mohamad Monaco, V. Montanari, A. Morris, J. D. Mujkic, K. Musgrave, B. Nagano, K. Namsoo, T. Nania, R. Nigro, A. Ning, Y. Nobe, T. Notz, D. Nowak, R. J. Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E. Oh, B. Y. Okazaki, N. Olkiewicz, K. Onishchuk, Yu. Papageorgiu, K. Parenti, A. Paul, E. Pawlak, J. M. Pawlik, B. Pelfer, P. G. Pellegrino, A. Perlanski, W. Perrey, H. Piotrzkowski, K. Plucinski, P. Pokrovskiy, N. S. Polini, A. Proskuryakov, A. S. Przybycien, M. Raval, A. Reeder, D. D. Reisert, B. Ren, Z. Repond, J. Ri, Y. D. Robertson, A. Roloff, P. Rubinsky, I. Ruspa, M. Sacchi, R. Samson, U. Sartorelli, G. Savin, A. A. Saxon, D. H. Schioppa, M. Schlenstedt, S. Schleper, P. Schmidke, W. B. Schneekloth, U. Schonberg, V. Schorner-Sadenius, T. Schwartz, J. Sciulli, F. Shcheglova, L. M. Shehzadi, R. Shimizu, S. Singh, I. Skillicorn, I. O. Lominski, W. S. Smith, W. H. Sola, V. Solano, A. Son, D. Sosnovtsev, V. Spiridonov, A. Stadie, H. Stanco, L. Stefaniuk, N. Stern, A. Stewart, T. P. Stifutkin, A. Stopa, P. Suchkov, S. Susinno, G. Suszycki, L. Sztuk-Dambietz, J. Szuba, D. Szuba, J. Tapper, A. D. Tassi, E. Terron, J. Theedt, T. Tiecke, H. Tokushuku, K. Tomaszewska, J. Trofymov, A. Trusov, V. Tsurugai, T. Turcato, M. Turkot, O. Tymieniecka, T. Uribe-Estrada, C. Vazquez, M. Verbytskyi, A. Viazlo, O. Vlasov, N. N. Walczak, R. Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan Whitmore, J. J. Wichmann, K. Wiggers, L. Wing, M. Wlasenko, M. Wolf, G. Wolfe, H. Wrona, K. Yagues-Molina, A. G. Yamada, S. Yamazaki, Y. Yoshida, R. Youngman, C. Zakharchuk, N. Zarnecki, A. F. Zawiejski, L. Zenaiev, O. Zeuner, W. Zhautykov, B. O. Zhmak, N. Zichichi, A. Zolkapli, Z. Zotkin, D. S. 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E.; Paul, E.; Samson, U.; Schonberg, V.; Shehzadi, R.; Wlasenko, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Morris, J. D.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol, Avon, England. [Aggarwal, R.; Kaur, M.; Kaur, P.; Singh, I.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Capua, M.; Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Capua, M.; Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cosenza, Italy. [Kim, J. Y.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Univ & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Ibrahim, Z. A.; Idris, F. Mohamad; Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan; Zolkapli, Z.] Univ Malaya, Jabatan Fizik, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [Ning, Y.; Ren, Z.; Sciulli, F.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Labs, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Eskreys, A.; Figiel, J.; Galas, A.; Olkiewicz, K.; Pawlik, B.; Stopa, P.; Zawiejski, L.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Gach, G.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Guzik, M.; Kisielewska, D.; Przybycien, M.; Suszycki, L.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Kotanski, A.; Lominski, W. S.] Jagellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Bachynska, O.; Bartosik, N.; Behnke, O.; Behr, J.; Behrens, U.; Blohm, C.; Borras, K.; Bot, D.; Ciesielski, R.; Coppola, N.; Dolinska, G.; Fang, S.; Geiser, A.; Gizhko, A.; Gottlicher, P.; Grebenyuk, J.; Gregor, I.; Haas, T.; Hain, W.; Huttmann, A.; Januschek, F.; Kahle, B.; Katkov, I. I.; Klein, U.; Korol, Ie.; Kotz, U.; Kowalski, H.; Kuprash, O.; Libov, V.; Lisovyi, M.; Lobodzinska, E.; Lohr, B.; Lontkovskyi, D.; Makarenko, I.; Malka, J.; Mankel, R.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Miglioranzi, S.; Montanari, A.; Mujkic, K.; Namsoo, T.; Notz, D.; Parenti, A.; Perrey, H.; Raval, A.; Roloff, P.; Rubinsky, I.; Schneekloth, U.; Schorner-Sadenius, T.; Spiridonov, A.; Szuba, J.; Theedt, T.; Tomaszewska, J.; Verbytskyi, A.; Wichmann, K.; Wolf, G.; Wrona, K.; Yagues-Molina, A. G.; Youngman, C.; Zenaiev, O.; Zeuner, W.] DESY, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany. [Drugakov, V.; Lohmann, W.; Schlenstedt, S.] DESY, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Zeuthen, Germany. [Barbagli, G.; Gallo, E.] INFN Florence, Florence, Italy. [Pelfer, P. G.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Pelfer, P. G.] INFN Florence, Florence, Italy. [Bamberger, A.; Dobur, D.; Karstens, F.; Vlasov, N. N.] Univ Freiburg I Br, Fak Phys, Freiburg I Br, Germany. [Bussey, P. J.; Doyle, A. T.; Ferrando, J.; Saxon, D. H.; Skillicorn, I. O.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Gialas, I.; Papageorgiu, K.] Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Chios, Greece. [Klanner, R.; Lohrmann, E.; Schleper, P.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Sztuk-Dambietz, J.; Szuba, D.; Turcato, M.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Long, K. R.; Tapper, A. D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, High Energy Nucl Phys Grp, London, England. [Nagano, K.; Tokushuku, K.; Yamada, S.; Yamazaki, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Org, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Barakbaev, A. N.; Boos, E. G.; Pokrovskiy, N. S.; Zhautykov, B. O.] Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Aushev, V.; Bokhonov, V.; Zhmak, N.] Natl Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Kiev, Ukraine. [Aushev, V.; Aushev, Y.; Gogota, O.; Iudin, A.; Kadenko, I.; Kondrashova, N.; Kononenko, O.; Kovalchuk, N.; Onishchuk, Yu.; Stefaniuk, N.; Trofymov, A.; Trusov, V.; Turkot, O.; Viazlo, O.; Zakharchuk, N.] Natl Taras Shevchenko Univ Kyiv, Dept Nucl Phys, Kiev, Ukraine. [Son, D.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. [Piotrzkowski, K.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys Nucl, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium. [Barreiro, F.; del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. [Corriveau, F.; Schwartz, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Tsurugai, T.] Meiji Gakuin Univ, Fac Gen Educ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Antonov, A.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Gladkov, D.; Sosnovtsev, V.; Stifutkin, A.; Suchkov, S.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Dementiev, R. K.; Ermolov, P. F.; Gladilin, L. K.; Golubkov, Yu. A.; Khein, L. A.; Korzhavina, I. A.; Levchenko, B. B.; Lukina, O. Yu.; Proskuryakov, A. S.; Shcheglova, L. M.; Zotkin, D. S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Abt, I.; Caldwell, A.; Reisert, B.; Schmidke, W. B.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Grigorescu, G.; Keramidas, A.; Koffeman, E.; Kooijman, P.; Pellegrino, A.; Tiecke, H.; Vazquez, M.; Wiggers, L.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Grigorescu, G.; Keramidas, A.; Koffeman, E.; Kooijman, P.; Pellegrino, A.; Tiecke, H.; Vazquez, M.; Wiggers, L.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bruemmer, N.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Lee, A.; Ling, T. Y.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Devenish, R. C. E.; Foster, B.; Gwenlan, C.; Robertson, A.; Uribe-Estrada, C.; Walczak, R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Bertolin, A.; Dal Corso, F.; Dusini, S.; Longhin, A.; Stanco, L.] INFN Padova, Padua, Italy. [Brugnera, R.; Carlin, R.; Garfagnini, A.; Limentani, S.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. [Brugnera, R.; Carlin, R.; Garfagnini, A.; Limentani, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Oh, B. Y.; Whitmore, J. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Iga, Y.] Polytech Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [D'Agostini, G.; Marini, G.; Nigro, A.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [D'Agostini, G.; Marini, G.; Nigro, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Hart, J. C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Abramowicz, H.; Gueta, O.; Ingbir, R.; Kananov, S.; Levy, A.; Stern, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Ishitsuka, M.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Maeda, J.; Nobe, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Hori, R.; Okazaki, N.; Shimizu, S.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Hamatsu, R.; Kitamura, S.; Ri, Y. D.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Costa, M.; Ferrero, M. I.; Monaco, V.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Costa, M.; Ferrero, M. I.; Monaco, V.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Arneodo, M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Turin, Italy. [Martin, J. F.; Stewart, T. P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Jones, T. W.; Wing, M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Brzozowska, B.; Ciborowski, J.; Grzelak, G.; Nowak, R. J.; Pawlak, J. M.; Perlanski, W.; Zarnecki, A. F.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00325 Warsaw, Poland. [Adamus, M.; Plucinski, P.; Tymieniecka, T.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Warsaw, Poland. [Eisenberg, Y.; Hochman, D.; Karshon, U.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, Rehovot, Israel. [Brownson, E.; Reeder, D. D.; Savin, A. A.; Smith, W. H.; Wolfe, H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bhadra, S.; Catterall, C. D.; Hartner, G.] York Univ, Dept Phys, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Aggarwal, R.; Kaur, P.; Singh, I.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Tassi, E.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Chwastowski, J.] Cracow Univ Technol, Fac Phys Math & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Katkov, I. I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Mujkic, K.] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Spiridonov, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Turkot, O.; Wichmann, K.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, Krakow, Poland. [Gialas, I.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Tokushuku, K.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. [Abramowicz, H.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Ciborowski, J.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. RP Abramowicz, H (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RI Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012 OI Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 097 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)106 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AY7HW UT WOS:000347732600001 ER PT J AU Kamiya, Y Batista, CD AF Kamiya, Y. Batista, C. D. TI Magnetic Vortex Crystals in Frustrated Mott Insulator SO PHYSICAL REVIEW X LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; CHIRAL MAGNET; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; FIELD; SKYRMIONS; LATTICE; PHASES; MODEL; GAS AB Quantum fluctuations become particularly relevant in highly frustrated quantum magnets and can lead to new states of matter. We provide a simple and robust scenario for inducing magnetic vortex crystals in frustrated Mott insulators. By considering a quantum paramagnet that has a gapped spectrum with six-fold degenerate low-energy modes, we study the magnetic-field-induced condensation of these modes. We use a dilute gas approximation to demonstrate that a plethora of multi-Q condensates are stabilized for different combinations of exchange interactions. This rich quantum phase diagram includes magnetic vortex crystals, which are further stabilized by symmetric exchange anisotropies. Because skyrmion and domain-wall crystals have already been predicted and experimentally observed, this novel vortex phase completes the picture of emergent crystals of topologically nontrivial spin configurations. C1 [Kamiya, Y.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kamiya, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Kamiya, Yoshitomo/B-6307-2012; Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 OI Kamiya, Yoshitomo/0000-0002-0758-0234; FU U.S. DOE through the LDRD program [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank A. V. Chubukov, S. Brown, T. Okubo, N. Hatano, T. Momoi, and G. Marmorini for valuable discussions. Work at LANL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 through the LDRD program. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2160-3308 J9 PHYS REV X JI Phys. Rev. X PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 1 AR 011023 DI 10.1103/PhysRevX.4.011023 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AG2DD UT WOS:000335225200001 ER PT J AU Gandolfi, S Carlson, J Reddy, S Steiner, AW Wiringa, RB AF Gandolfi, S. Carlson, J. Reddy, S. Steiner, A. W. Wiringa, R. B. TI The equation of state of neutron matter, symmetry energy and neutron star structure SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Review ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; NUCLEAR-MATTER; LIGHT-NUCLEI; GROUND-STATE; DENSITIES; MASSES AB We review the calculation of the equation of state of pure neutron matter using quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods. QMC algorithms permit the study of many-body nuclear systems using realistic two-and three-body forces in a non-perturbative framework. We present the results for the equation of state of neutron matter, and focus on the role of three-neutron forces at supranuclear density. We discuss the correlation between the symmetry energy, the neutron star radius and the symmetry energy. We also combine QMC and theoretical models of the three-nucleon interactions, and recent neutron star observations to constrain the value of the symmetry energy and its density dependence. C1 [Gandolfi, S.; Carlson, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Reddy, S.; Steiner, A. W.] Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wiringa, R. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gandolfi, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM stefano@lanl.gov RI Wiringa, Robert/M-4970-2015; OI Gandolfi, Stefano/0000-0002-0430-9035; Steiner, Andrew/0000-0003-2478-4017 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics; NUCLEI SciDAC program; LANL LDRD program; DOE [DEFG02-00ER41132]; Topical Collaboration to study neutrinos and nucleosynthesis in hot dense matter; US DOE Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Steven C. Pieper for useful discussion regarding the content of this paper. The work of S. G. and J.C. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, by the NUCLEI SciDAC program and by the LANL LDRD program. The work of S. R. and A. W. S. is supported by DOE Grant No. DEFG02-00ER41132 and by the Topical Collaboration to study neutrinos and nucleosynthesis in hot dense matter. The work of R. B. W. is supported by the US DOE Office of Nuclear Physics under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The computing time has been provided by Los Alamos Open Supercomputing. This research used also resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 50 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 50 IS 2 AR 10 DI 10.1140/epja/i2014-14010-5 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AB7QF UT WOS:000331985100002 ER PT J AU Nazarewicz, W Reinhard, PG Satula, W Vretenar, D AF Nazarewicz, W. Reinhard, P. -G. Satula, W. Vretenar, D. TI Symmetry energy in nuclear density functional theory SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID MEAN-FIELD MODELS; HARTREE-BOGOLIUBOV THEORY; SKYRMES INTERACTION; SELF-CONSISTENT; NEUTRON RADII; EXOTIC NUCLEI; STATE; EQUATION; SCATTERING; FORCES AB The nuclear symmetry energy represents a response to the neutron-proton asymmetry. In this paper we discuss various aspects of symmetry energy in the framework of nuclear density functional theory, considering both non-relativistic and relativistic self-consistent mean-field realizations side by side. Key observables pertaining to bulk nucleonic matter and finite nuclei are reviewed. Constraints on the symmetry energy and correlations between observables and symmetry energy parameters, using statistical covariance analysis, are investigated. Perspectives for future work are outlined in the context of ongoing experimental efforts. C1 [Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Nazarewicz, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nazarewicz, W.; Satula, W.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Reinhard, P. -G.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-90158 Erlangen, Germany. [Vretenar, D.] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. RP Nazarewicz, W (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM witek@utk.edu RI Vretenar, Dario/N-8158-2013 OI Vretenar, Dario/0000-0002-2097-6567 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER40963, DE-SC0008499]; BMBF [06 ER 142D]; NCN [2012/07/B/ST2/03907] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG02-96ER40963 (University of Tennessee), No. DE-SC0008499 (NUCLEI SciDAC Collaboration); by BMBF under Contract No. 06 ER 142D; and by NCN under Contract No. 2012/07/B/ST2/03907 NR 97 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. 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Zenis, T. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G. Zevi Zhang, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, L. Zhou, N. Zhu, C. G. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zibell, A. Zieminska, D. Zimin, N. I. Zimmermann, C. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Zinonos, Z. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. Nedden, M. Zur Zurzolo, G. Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. CA Atlas Collaboration TI Measurement of the top quark pair production charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering; Top physics ID LHC AB This paper presents a measurement of the top quark pair () production charge asymmetry A (C) using 4.7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A -enriched sample of events with a single lepton (electron or muon), missing transverse momentum and at least four high transverse momentum jets, of which at least one is tagged as coming from a b-quark, is selected. A likelihood fit is used to reconstruct the event kinematics. A Bayesian unfolding procedure is employed to estimate A (C) at the parton-level. The measured value of the production charge asymmetry is A (C) = 0.006 +/- 0.010, where the uncertainty includes both the statistical and the systematic components. Differential A (C) measurements as a function of the invariant mass, the rapidity and the transverse momentum of the system are also presented. In addition, A (C) is measured for a subset of events with large velocity, where physics beyond the Standard Model could contribute. All measurements are consistent with the Standard Model predictions. C1 [Jackson, P.; Soni, N.; White, M. J.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. 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A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W.; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Urquijo, P.; Vogel, A.; von Toerne, E.; Wagner, P.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, P.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Wong, K. H. Yau; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Bernard, C.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Helary, L.; Kruskal, M.; Shank, J. T.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Amundsen, G.; Artoni, G.; Bensinger, J. R.; Bianchini, L.; Blocker, C.; Coffey, L.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Fitzgerald, E. A.; Gozpinar, S.; Pomeroy, D.; Sciolla, G.; Zambito, S.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Coutinho, Y. Amaral; Caloba, L. P.; Maidantchik, C.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.] Fed Univ Juiz de Fora UFJF, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Begel, M.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Debbe, R.; Ernst, M.; Gadfort, T.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Hu, X.; Klimentov, A.; Kravchenko, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Metcalfe, J.; Mountricha, E.; Nevski, P.; Okawa, H.; Damazio, D. Oliveira; Paige, F.; Panitkin, S.; Pleier, M. -A.; Polychronakos, V.; Protopopescu, S.; Purohit, M.; Radeka, V.; Rajagopalan, S.; Redlinger, G.; Schovancova, J.; Snyder, S.; Steinberg, P.; Stumer, I.; Takai, H.; Triplett, N.; Undrus, A.; Wenaus, T.; Ye, S.; Zaytsev, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Alexa, C.; Badescu, E.; Boldea, V.; Buda, S. I.; Caprini, I.; Caprini, M.; Chitan, A.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescu, S.; Cuciuc, C. -M.; Dita, P.; Dita, S.; Ducu, O. A.; Jinaru, A.; Olariu, A.; Pantea, D.; Rotaru, M.; Stoicea, G.; Tudorache, A.; Tudorache, V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Popeneciu, G. A.] Natl Inst Res & Dev Isotop & Mol Technol, Dept Phys, Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Darlea, G. L.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. West Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Gonzalez Silva, M. L.; Otero y Garzon, G.; Piegaia, R.; Romeo, G.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ask, S.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Buttinger, W.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Gillam, T. P. S.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Mueller, T.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, C.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.; Williams, S.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Bellerive, A.; Cree, G.; Di Valentino, D.; Koffas, T.; Lacey, J.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Anastopoulos, C.; Andari, N.; Anghinolfi, F.; Baak, M. A.; Backes, M.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bianco, M.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Boyd, J.; Burckhart, H.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Catinaccio, A.; Cattai, A.; Barajas, C. A. Chavez; Childers, J. T.; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Di Girolamo, A.; Di Girolamo, B.; Dittus, F.; Dobos, D.; Dopke, J.; Dudarev, A.; Duhrssen, M.; Ellis, N.; Elsing, M.; Facini, G.; Farthouat, P.; Fassnacht, P.; Franchino, S.; Francis, D.; Froidevaux, D.; Garonne, V.; Gianotti, F.; Gillberg, D.; Godlewski, J.; Goossens, L.; Gorini, B.; Gray, H. M.; Hauschild, M.; Hawkings, R. J.; Heller, M.; Helsens, C.; Correia, A. M. Henriques; Hervas, L.; Hoecker, A.; Hubacek, Z.; Huhtinen, M.; Jaekel, M. R.; Jansen, H.; Jenni, P.; Jungst, R. M.; Kaneda, M.; Klioutchnikova, T.; Lantzsch, K.; Lassnig, M.; Miotto, G. Lehmann; Lenzi, B.; Lichard, P.; Macina, D.; Malyukov, S.; Mapelli, L.; Martin, B.; Messina, A.; Meyer, J.; Michal, S.; Molfetas, A.; Mornacchi, G.; Nairz, A. M.; Nakahama, Y.; Negri, G.; Nessi, M.; Nicquevert, B.; Nordberg, M.; Ohm, C. C.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pernegger, H.; Peters, K.; Petersen, B. A.; Petersen, J.; Pommes, K.; Poppleton, A.; Poulard, G.; Prasad, S.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Rodrigues, L.; Roe, S.; Salzburger, A.; Savu, D. O.; Scanlon, T.; Schlenker, S.; Schmieden, K.; Serfon, C.; Sfyrla, A.; Solans, C. A.; Spigo, G.; Stewart, G. A.; Teischinger, F. A.; Ten Kate, H.; Tremblet, L.; Tricoli, A.; Tsarouchas, C.; Unal, G.; van der Ster, D.; van Eldik, N.; Vandelli, W.; Vigne, R.; Voss, R.; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Werner, P.; Wilkens, H. G.; Wotschack, J.; Young, C. J. S.; Zwalinski, L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Alison, J.; Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Cheng, Y.; Choudalakis, G.; Fiascaris, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Jen-La Plante, I.; Kapliy, A.; Li, H. L.; Meehan, S.; Melachrinos, C.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, C.; Miller, D. W.; Okumura, Y.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Shochet, M. J.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J. M.; Vukotic, I.; Webster, J. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carquin, E.; Cottin, G.; Diaz, M. A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooks, W. K.; Kuleshov, S.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.; White, R.] Univ Tecn Feder Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Bai, Y.; Fang, Y.; Jin, S.; Lu, F.; Ouyang, Q.; Shan, L. Y.; Wang, J.; Xu, D.; Yao, L.; Zhuang, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gao, J.; Han, L.; Jiang, Y.; Li, B.; Liu, J. B.; Liu, K.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Xu, C.; Xu, L.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Feng, C.; Ge, P.; Ma, L. L.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Yang, H.] Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Donini, J.; Dubreuil, E.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Donini, J.; Dubreuil, E.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Photochim Mol & Macromol Lab, CNRS, IN2P3, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Altheimer, A.; Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Bain, T.; Brooijmans, G.; Chen, Y.; Cole, B.; Dodd, J.; Guo, J.; Hu, D.; Hughes, E. W.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Reale, V. Perez; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zhou, L.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Alonso, A.; Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Hoffmann, M. Dano; Galster, G.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. B.; Loevschall-Jensen, A. E.; Mackeprang, R.; Mehlhase, S.; Monk, J.; Petersen, T. C.; Pingel, A.; Simonyan, M.; Thomsen, L. A.; Wiglesworth, C.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Cosenza, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.; Zemla, A.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. Jagiellonian Univ, Marian Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Staszewski, R.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Cao, T.; Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Rios, R. R.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Wang, H.; Ye, J.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Haleem, M.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Namasivayam, H.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Argyropoulos, S.; Bloch, I.; Borroni, S.; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ferrara, V.; Filipuzzi, M.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Grahn, K. -J.; Gregor, I. M.; Grohsjean, A.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Katzy, J.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lisovyi, M.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Peters, R. F. Y.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Shushkevich, S.; South, D.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Yatsenko, E.; Yildirim, E.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Argyropoulos, S.; Bloch, I.; Borroni, S.; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ferrara, V.; Filipuzzi, M.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Grahn, K. -J.; Gregor, I. M.; Grohsjean, A.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Katzy, J.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lisovyi, M.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Peters, R. F. Y.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Shushkevich, S.; South, D.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Tamsett, M. C.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Yatsenko, E.; Yildirim, E.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Burmeister, I.; Esch, H.; Goessling, C.; Jentzsch, J.; Jung, C. A.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.; Wittig, T.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Anger, P.; Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, F.; Grohs, J. P.; Gumpert, C.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schnoor, U.; Seifert, F.; Socher, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.; Wahrmund, S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bhimji, W.; Bocci, A.; Bristow, T. M.; Buckley, A. G.; Cerio, B.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Edwards, N. C.; Finelli, K. D.; Walls, F. M. Garay; Harrington, R. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Ko, B. R.; Korn, A.; Kotwal, A.; Kruse, M. C.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Oh, S. H.; Pino, S. A. Olivares; Pollard, C. S.; Proissl, M.; Schaelicke, A.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Wang, C.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Bristow, T. M.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Edwards, N. C.; Walls, F. M. Garay; Harrington, R. D.; Korn, A.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Pino, S. A. Olivares; Proissl, M.; Schaelicke, A.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Chiarella, V.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Aad, G.; Amoroso, S.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Boehler, M.; Bruneliere, R.; Buehrer, F.; Consorti, V.; Di Simone, A.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Giuliani, C.; Herten, G.; Jakobs, K.; Jenni, P.; Koeneke, K.; Kopp, A. K.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Madar, R.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Rurikova, Z.; Ruthmann, N.; Schillo, C.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Ungaro, F. C.; Venturi, M.; von Radziewski, H.; Anh, T. Vu; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Winkelmann, S.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Alexandre, G.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; De Mendizabal, J. Bilbao; Bucci, F.; Toro, R. Camacho; Clark, A.; della Volpe, D.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Gramling, J.; Guescini, F.; Iacobucci, G.; Katre, A.; La Rosa, A.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Muenstermann, D.; Nektarijevic, S.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, D.; Rosbach, K.; Vallecorsa, S.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Darbo, G.; Favareto, A.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Guido, E.; Morettini, P.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Favareto, A.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Guido, E.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Tskhadadze, E. G.] Iv Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Dueren, M.; Kreutzfeldt, K.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Buzatu, A.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Gul, U.; Ortiz, N. G. Gutierrez; Kar, D.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Quilty, D.; Ravenscroft, T.; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Graber, L.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Hamer, M.; Hensel, C.; Kawamura, G.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Nackenhorst, O.; Pashapour, S.; Peters, R. F. Y.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Schorlemmer, A. L. S.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Brown, J.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Le, B. T.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Monini, C.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Brown, J.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Le, B. T.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Monini, C.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.] CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Brown, J.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Le, B. T.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Monini, C.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimares; Belloni, A.; Butler, B.; Catastini, P.; Conti, G.; Franklin, M.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Spearman, W. R.; Yen, A. L.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Dunford, M.; Hanke, P.; Hofmann, J. I.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Laier, H.; Lang, V. S.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Anders, C. F.; Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Colombo, T.; Kugel, A.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Poveda, J.; Whittington, D.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Franz, S.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Lukas, W.; Nagai, K.; Ritsch, E.; Usanova, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Cinca, D.; Gandrajula, R. P.; Halladjian, G.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Mandrysch, R.; Morange, N.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, F.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Prell, S.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Ahmadov, F.; Aleksandrov, I. N.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Huseynov, N.; Karpov, S. N.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kharchenko, D.; Khramov, E.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Potrap, I. N.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Sapronov, A.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zimin, N. 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F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Verzini, M. J. Alconada; Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Argentina. [Allison, L. J.; Barton, A. E.; Borisov, A.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Catmore, J. R.; Chilingarov, A.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Grimm, K.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Maddocks, H. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Chiodini, G.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Orlando, N.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Gorini, E.; Orlando, N.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Bundock, A. C.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Jackson, J. N.; Jackson, M.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Lehan, A.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Price, J.; Schnellbach, Y. J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Fletcher, G.; Goddard, J. R.; Hickling, R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Snidero, G.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Cantrill, R.; Cooper-Smith, N. J.; Cowan, G.; Duguid, L.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Gibson, S. M.; Goncalo, R.; Vazquez, J. G. Panduro; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Casadei, D.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dobson, E.; Gutschow, C.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Ochoa, M. I.; Pilkington, A. D.; Prabhu, R.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Wardrope, D. R.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Bernius, C.; Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.; Sircar, A.; Subramaniam, R.; Tamsett, M. C.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Liu, K.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Liu, K.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Liu, K.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Bryngemark, L.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.; Viazlo, O.; Wielers, M.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Llorente Merino, J.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Arnaez, O.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Ellinghaus, F.; Endner, O. C.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Heck, T.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Huelsing, T. A.; Ji, W.; Karnevskiy, M.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, A. C.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Mattmann, J.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Moritz, S.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Poettgen, R.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schott, M.; Schroeder, C.; Schuh, N.; Simioni, E.; Tapprogge, S.; Wollstadt, S. J.; Zimmermann, C.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Forti, A.; Howarth, J.; Joshi, K. D.; Klinger, J. A.; Loebinger, F. K.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Price, D.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Tomlinson, L.; Watts, S.; Woudstra, M. J.; Wyatt, T. R.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Alio, L.; Barbero, M.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Gao, J.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Nagai, Y.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Serre, T.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tiouchichine, E.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Ughetto, M.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Alio, L.; Barbero, M.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Gao, J.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Nagai, Y.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Serre, T.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tiouchichine, E.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Ughetto, M.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; Varol, T.; Ventura, D.; Willocq, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Mantifel, R.; Robertson, S. H.; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Stoebe, M.; Vachon, B.; Wang, K.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Diglio, S.; Hamano, K.; Jennens, D.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Shao, Q. T.; Tan, K. G.; Taylor, G. N.; Thong, W. M.; Volpi, M.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Dubbert, J.; Feng, H.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, L.; Long, J. D.; Mc Kee, S. P.; McCarn, A.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Searcy, J.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wu, Y.; Zhang, D.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Ge, P.; Hauser, R.; Hayden, D.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Martin, B.; Pope, B. G.; Schoenrock, B. D.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Ta, D.; Tollefson, K.; True, P.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Coelli, S.; Consonni, S. M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Giugni, D.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meloni, F.; Meroni, C.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Andreazza, A.; Carminati, L.; Consonni, S. M.; Fanti, M.; Meloni, F.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Turra, R.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Arguin, J. -F.; Asbah, N.; Azuelos, G.; Bouchami, J.; Dallaire, F.; Davies, M.; Gauthier, L.; Giunta, M.; Leroy, C.; Martin, J. P.; Rezvani, R.; Soueid, P.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Soldatov, E. Yu.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Timoshenko, S.; Vickey, T.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Boldyrev, A. S.; Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.; Turchikhin, S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, DV Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Bortfeldt, J.; Calfayan, P.; Chow, B. K. B.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Legger, F.; Lorenz, J.; Mann, A.; Meineck, C.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruschke, A.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Schmitt, C.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Wittkowski, J.; Zibell, A.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Barillari, T.; Bethke, S.; Bittner, B.; Bronner, J.; Compostella, G.; Cortiana, G.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goblirsch-Kolb, M.; Ince, T.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Macchiolo, A.; Manfredini, A.; Menke, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pahl, C.; Pospelov, G. E.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schwegler, Ph.; Sforza, F.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Terzo, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; Weigell, P.; Wildauer, A.; Wotschack, J.; Zanzi, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Takashima, R.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.; Yamauchi, K.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.; Yamauchi, K.] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Carlino, G.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; Di Donato, C.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Patricelli, S.; Rossi, E.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.; Zurzolo, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Chiefari, G.; Di Donato, C.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Patricelli, S.; Rossi, E.; Sanchez, A.; Zurzolo, G.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Besjes, G. J.; Caron, S.; Dao, V.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Koenig, A. C.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Castelli, A.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Ferrari, P.; Gadatsch, S.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Hod, N.; Igonkina, O.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Mahlstedt, J.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Oussoren, K. P.; Pani, P.; Salek, D.; Valencic, N.; Van Der Deijl, P. C.; van der Geer, R.; van der Graaf, H.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.; Weits, H.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Castelli, A.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Dhaliwal, S.; Ferrari, P.; Gadatsch, S.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Hod, N.; Igonkina, O.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Mahlstedt, J.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Oussoren, K. P.; Pani, P.; Salek, D.; Valencic, N.; Van Der Deijl, P. C.; van der Geer, R.; van der Graaf, H.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.; Weits, H.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Cole, S.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Anisenkov, A. V.; Beloborodova, O. L.; Bobrovnikov, V. S.; Bogdanchikov, A. G.; Kazanin, V. F.; Korol, A. A.; Malyshev, V. M.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Skovpen, K. Yu.; Soukharev, A. M.; Talyshev, A. A.; Tikhonov, Yu. A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Cranmer, K.; Haas, A.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Kaplan, B.; Karthik, K.; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Kreiss, S.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Yang, Y.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Norberg, S.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Sidorov, D.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Hrabovsky, M.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Brost, E.; Majewski, S.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.; Winklmeier, F.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Auge, E.; Bassalat, A.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Charfeddine, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Guillemin, T.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Scifo, E.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Tran, H. L.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Auge, E.; Bassalat, A.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Charfeddine, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Guillemin, T.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Scifo, E.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Tran, H. L.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Endo, M.; Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Nomachi, M.; Okamura, W.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Gramstad, E.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Pedersen, M.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Smestad, L.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Behr, K.; Boddy, C. R.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Ortuzar, M. Crispin; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Gallas, E. J.; Gupta, S.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hays, C. P.; Henderson, J.; Howard, J.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pachal, K.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Sawyer, C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C. -L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Lanza, A.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Conta, C.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Fratina, S.; Heim, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Keener, P. T.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; Lester, C. M.; Lipeles, E.; Newcomer, F. M.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Tuna, A. N.; Van Berg, R.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Solovyev, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Donati, S.; Dotti, A.; Giannetti, P.; Roda, C.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Donati, S.; Dotti, A.; Giannetti, P.; Roda, C.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bianchi, R. M.; Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Prieur, D.; Sapp, K.; Savinov, V.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Amor Dos Santos, S. P.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M. J.; Do Valle Wemans, A.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Marques, C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Tavares Delgado, A.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Hejbal, J.; Jakoubek, T.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lokajicek, M.; Lysak, R.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Monticelli, F.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Dos Santos, D. Roda; Ruzicka, P.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Suk, M.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.; Vykydal, Z.; Zeman, M.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Balek, P.; Berta, P.; Chalupkova, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Torregrosa, E. Fullana; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Pleskot, V.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Golubkov, D.; Ivashin, A. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.] State Res Ctr, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Apolle, R.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Burke, S.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Tyndel, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Bagiacchi, P.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gabrielli, A.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Kuna, M.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Marzano, F.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy. [Bagiacchi, P.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Gabrielli, A.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Kuna, M.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Messina, A.; Nessi, M.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Grossi, G. C.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Grossi, G. C.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Micco, B.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Stanescu, C.; Trovatelli, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Micco, B.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Trovatelli, M.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, LPHEA Marrakech, Oujda, Morocco. [Boutouil, S.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Boutouil, S.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Abreu, H.; Bachacou, H.; Balli, F.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Deliot, F.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Giraud, P. F.; Grabas, H. M. X.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Legendre, M.; Maiani, C.; Mal, P.; Ramos, J. A. Manjarres; Mansoulie, B.; Martinez, H.; Meric, N.; Meyer, J. -P.; Mijovic, L.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Protopapadaki, E.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schoeffel, L.; Schune, Ph.; Schwemling, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Tsionou, D.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.; Xu, L.] CEA Saclay Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies A, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Damiani, D. S.; Grillo, A. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Blackburn, D.; Coccaro, A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Harris, O. M.; Hsu, S. -C.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Marx, M.; Rompotis, N.; Rosten, R.; Rothberg, J.; Verducci, M.; Watts, G.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Fletcher, G. T.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Paredes, B. Lopez; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tua, A.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Atlay, N. B.; Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Ibragimov, I.; Ikematsu, K.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Torres, H.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Van Nieuwkoop, J.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Mayes, J. Backus; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Black, J. E.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Fulsom, B. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Garelli, N.; Grenier, P.; Hansson, P.; Kagan, M.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Piacquadio, G.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Swiatlowski, M.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Astalos, R.; Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Aurousseau, M.; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Yacoob, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Carrillo-Montoya, G. D.; Huang, Y.; Leney, K. J. C.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Quayle, W. B.; Ruan, X.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Abulaiti, Y.; Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bessidskaia, O.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Molander, S.; Petridis, A.; Plucinski, P.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Abulaiti, Y.; Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bessidskaia, O.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Molander, S.; Petridis, A.; Plucinski, P.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Morley, A. K.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Chen, K.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Li, H.; Lindquist, B. E.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Puldon, D.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Zaman, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Chen, K.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Li, H.; Lindquist, B. E.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Puldon, D.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Zaman, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Grout, Z. J.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Castillo, I. Santoyo; Sutton, M. R.; Vivarelli, I.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Black, C. W.; Cuthbert, C.; Jeng, G. -Y.; Patel, N. D.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Jamin, D. O.; Lee, C. A.; Lee, S. C.; Li, B.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhang, L.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Di Mattia, A.; Kopeliansky, R.; Musto, E.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Gueta, O.; Guttman, N.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Bachas, K.; Gkialas, I.; Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Papageorgiou, K.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Enari, Y.; Hanawa, K.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yoshihara, K.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Enari, Y.; Hanawa, K.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yoshihara, K.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Ishitsuka, M.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Nagai, R.; Nobe, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Brelier, B.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Ilic, N.; Keung, J.; Krieger, P.; Mc Goldrick, G.; Orr, R. S.; Polifka, R.; Rudolph, M. S.; Savard, P.; Schramm, S.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Taenzer, J.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Codina, E. Perez; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Seuster, R.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Bustos, A. C. Florez; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kiuchi, K.; Kurata, M.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Meoni, E.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Corso-Radu, A.; Farrell, S.; Gerbaudo, D.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Lankford, A. J.; Magnoni, L.; Mete, A. S.; Nelson, A.; Rao, K.; Relich, M.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, Trieste, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Atkinson, M.; Basye, A.; Benekos, N.; Cavaliere, V.; Chang, P.; Coggeshall, J.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Coniavitis, E.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.; Madsen, A.; Pelikan, D.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gardner, R. W.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, A.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torr Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torr Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torr Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torr Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torr Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Fedorko, W.; Gay, C.; Gecse, Z.; King, S. B.; Lister, A.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Bernlochner, F. U.; Courneyea, L.; David, C.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. -R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Pearce, J.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Farrington, S. M.; Harrison, P. F.; Janus, M.; Jeske, C.; Jones, G.; Martin, T. A.; Pianori, E.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Iizawa, T.; Kimura, N.; Mitani, T.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Citron, Z. H.; Duchovni, E.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Banerjee, Sw.; Chen, C.; Dos Anjos, A.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Hard, A. S.; Jared, R. C.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Kruse, A.; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Yang, H.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Redelbach, A.; Schreyer, M.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Tam, J. Y. C.; Trefzger, T.; Weber, S. W.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becker, K.; Beermann, T. A.; Boek, J.; Boek, T. T.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Duda, D.; Ernis, G.; Fischer, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kohlmann, S.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Neumann, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sartisohn, G.; Sturm, P.; Wagner, W.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich C Phys, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Cummings, J.; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Erdmann, J.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Henrichs, A.; Lagouri, T.; Lee, L.; Leister, A. G.; Loginov, A.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Walsh, B.; Wang, X.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Rahal, G.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Acharya, B. S.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, Lisbon, Portugal. [Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A. A.; Tikhonov, Yu. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Corriveau, F.; McPherson, R. A.; Robertson, S. H.; Sobie, R.; Teuscher, R. J.] Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Do Valle Wemans, A.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dep Fis, Caparica, Portugal. [Do Valle Wemans, A.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, CEFITEC, Caparica, Portugal. [Gkialas, I.; Papageorgiou, K.] Univ Aegean, Dept Financial & Management Engn, Chios, Greece. [Grinstein, S.; Juste Rozas, A.; Martinez, M.] ICREA, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Kono, T.] Ochanomizu Univ, Ochadai Acad Prod, Tokyo 112, Japan. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Mal, P.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Sch Phys Sci, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. [Myagkov, A. G.] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Onyisi, P. U. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Pinamonti, M.] Int Sch Adv Studies SISSA, Trieste, Italy. [Purohit, M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Smirnova, L. N.; Turchikhin, S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Yacoob, S.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Discipline Phys, Durban, South Africa. RP Aad, G (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. RI la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Fassi, Farida/F-3571-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Nechaeva, Polina/N-1148-2015; Vykydal, Zdenek/H-6426-2016; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Ciubancan, Liviu Mihai/L-2412-2015; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Mashinistov, Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Gabrielli, Alessandro/H-4931-2012; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Tomasek, Lukas/G-6370-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Turchikhin, Semen/O-1929-2013; Boldyrev, Alexey/K-6303-2012; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Nozka, Libor/G-5550-2014; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Jakoubek, Tomas/G-8644-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Hejbal, Jiri/H-1358-2014; Marcisovsky, Michal/H-1533-2014 OI la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Smestad, Lillian/0000-0002-0244-8736; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Vykydal, Zdenek/0000-0003-2329-0672; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Ciubancan, Liviu Mihai/0000-0003-1837-2841; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Gabrielli, Alessandro/0000-0001-5346-7841; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Turchikhin, Semen/0000-0001-6506-3123; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, European Union; ERC, European Union; NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; NSRF, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; BRF, Norway; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; NCN, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 61 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 114 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 107 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)107 PG 38 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC4LC UT WOS:000332491600001 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hartl, C Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Kratschmer, I Liko, D Mikulec, I Rabady, D Rahbaran, B Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Treberer-Treberspurg, W Waltenberger, W Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Alderweireldt, S Bansal, M Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Knutsson, A Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Heracleous, N Kalogeropoulos, A Keaveney, J Kim, TJ Lowette, S Maes, M Olbrechts, A Strom, D Tavernier, S Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Caillol, C Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Favart, 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at root s = 8 TeV (vol 2, 024, 2014) SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Correction DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering; Top physics C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hartl, C.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knuenz, V.; Krammer, M.; Kraetschmer, I.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Rabady, D.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Treberer-Treberspurg, W.; Waltenberger, W.; Wulz, C. -E.] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Alderweireldt, S.; Bansal, M.; Bansal, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. 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[Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Guo, Y.; Li, Q.; Li, W.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Wang, D.; Zhang, L.; Zou, W.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Avila, C.; Carrillo Montoya, C. A.; Chaparro Sierra, L. F.; Florez, C.; Gomez, J. P.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Mekterovic, D.; Morovic, S.; Tikvica, L.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Assran, Y.; Elgammal, S.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. 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[Barth, C.; Baus, C.; Berger, J.; Boeser, C.; Butz, E.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Katkov, I.; Kornmayer, A.; Kuznetsova, E.; Pardo, P. Lobelle; Martschei, D.; Mozer, M. U.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Roecker, S.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Wolf, R.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Anagnostou, G.; Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Ntomari, E.; Psallidas, A.; Topsis-giotis, I.] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. 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[Grunewald, M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Radogna, R.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.; Verwilligen, P.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pompili, A.; Radogna, R.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Campanini, R.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Codispoti, G.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Guiducci, L.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Tosi, N.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Campanini, R.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Codispoti, G.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Guiducci, L.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Tosi, N.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Giordano, F.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Giordano, F.] CSFNSM, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Gori, V.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Gonzi, S.; Gori, V.; Lenzi, P.; Tropiano, A.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Ferretti, R.; Ferro, F.; Lo Vetere, M.; Musenich, R.; Robutti, E.; Tosi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Ferretti, R.; Lo Vetere, M.; Tosi, S.] Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; Dinardo, M. E.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Gerosa, R.; Ghezzi, A.; Govoni, P.; Lucchini, M. T.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Marzocchi, B.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; de Fatis, T. 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T.; Montecassiano, F.; Passaseo, M.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Galanti, M.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Romeo, F.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Androsov, K.; Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; Ciocci, M. A.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Grippo, M. T.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Moon, C. S.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Savoy-Navarro, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.; Vernieri, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Broccolo, G.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Vernieri, C.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Grassi, M.; Jorda, C.; Longo, E.; Margaroli, F.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.; Soffi, L.; Traczyk, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Margaroli, F.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Traczyk, P.] Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Bellan, R.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Degano, A.; Demaria, N.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ortona, G.; Pacher, L.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Tamponi, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Bellan, R.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Degano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Ortona, G.; Pacher, L.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Casarsa, M.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; La Licata, C.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.; Umer, T.; Zanetti, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelise, V.; Della Ricca, G.; La Licata, C.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.; Umer, T.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Chang, S.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, M. S.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, S.; Oh, Y. D.; Park, H.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, Y.; Lee, K. S.; Park, S. K.; Roh, Y.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Komaragiri, J. R.] Univ Malaya, Jabatan Fiz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Butt, J.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bialkowska, H.; Bluj, M.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Misiura, M.; Wolszczak, W.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bargassa, P.; Beirao Da Cruz E Silva, C.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Nguyen, F.; Rodrigues Antunes, J.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Tsamalaidze, Z.; Afanasiev, S.; Bunin, P.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Matveev, V.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Skatchkov, N.; Smirnov, V.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Matveev, V.; Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Spiridonov, A.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Popov, A.; Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Bunichev, V.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Savrin, V.; Tsirova, N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Kachanov, V.; Kalinin, A.; Konstantinov, D.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 1100, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Navarro De Martino, E.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; de Troconiz, J. F.; Missiroli, M.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Rabady, D.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Contardo, D.; Lingemann, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Kornmayer, A.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; Giordano, F.; Fiorendi, S.; Lucchini, M. T.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Meola, S.; Paolucci, P.; Galanti, M.; Pelliccioni, M.; Seixas, J.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Bachtis, M.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bendavid, J.; Benhabib, L.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Bondu, O.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Colafranceschi, S.; D'Alfonso, M.; d'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; David, A.; De Guio, F.; De Roeck, A.; De Visscher, S.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Eugster, J.; Franzoni, G.; Funk, W.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Girone, M.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hammer, J.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Krajczar, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lourenco, C.; Magini, N.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moortgat, F.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Petrucciani, G.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Plagge, M.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Rolandi, G.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Sekmen, S.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Steggemann, J.; Stieger, B.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Zeuner, W. D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Bachmair, F.; Baeni, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eller, P.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lustermann, W.; Mangano, B.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Meister, D.; Mohr, N.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Quittnat, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Starodumov, A.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Cosa, A.; Favaro, C.; Hinzmann, A.; Hreus, T.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Kilminster, B.; Mejias, B. Millan; Ngadiuba, J.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Taroni, S.; Verzetti, M.; Yang, Y.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Cardaci, M.; Chen, K. H.; Ferro, C.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Lu, Y. J.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Chen, P. H.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Liu, Y. F.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.; Wilken, R.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Asavapibhop, B.; Suwonjandee, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Karapinar, G.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Bahtiyar, H.; Barlas, E.; Cankocak, K.; Gunaydin, Y. O.; Vardarli, F. I.; Yucel, M.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.; Sorokin, P.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Jacob, J.; Kreczko, L.; Lucas, C.; Meng, Z.; Newbold, D. M.; Paramesvaran, S.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Belyaev, A.; Newbold, D. M.; Bell, K. W.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Ilic, J.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Thea, A.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.; Worm, S. D.; Lucas, R.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Baber, M.; Bainbridge, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Burton, D.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Kenzie, M.; Lane, R.; Lucas, R.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Dittmann, J.; Hatakeyama, K.; Kasmi, A.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Cooper, S. I.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; St John, J.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Alimena, J.; Christopher, G.; Cutts, D.; Demiragli, Z.; Ferapontov, A.; Garabedian, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Swanson, J.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Pilot, J.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Shalhout, S.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Wilbur, S.; Yohay, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Felcini, M.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Takasugi, E.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Hanson, G.; Heilman, J.; Jandir, P.; Lacroix, F.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Malberti, M.; Nguyen, H.; Shrinivas, A.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Evans, D.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Kovalskyi, D.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Campagnari, C.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Golf, F.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Villalba, R. Magana; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Kcira, D.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Pena, C.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Gray, L.; Green, D.; Gruenendahl, S.; Gutsche, O.; Hare, D.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kaadze, K.; Klima, B.; Kwan, S.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Outschoorn, V. I. Martinez; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Nahn, S.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Ratnikova, N.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitbeck, A.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Rinkevicius, A.; Shchutska, L.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Yumiceva, F.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Apanasevich, L.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kurt, P.; Moon, D. H.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Dilsiz, K.; Duru, F.; Haytmyradov, M.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Ogul, H.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tan, P.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Gritsan, A. V.; Maksimovic, P.; Martin, C.; Swartz, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Sekaric, J.; Stringer, R.; Wang, Q.; Wood, J. S.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Saini, L. K.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Rebassoo, F.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Barbieri, R.; Bauer, G.; Busza, W.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Di Matteo, L.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Gulhan, D.; Klute, M.; Lai, Y. S.; Lee, Y. -J.; Levin, A.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Velicanu, D.; Veverka, J.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.; Zhukova, V.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Oliveros, S.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Keller, J.; Knowlton, D.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malik, S.; Meier, F.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Kumar, A.; Dolen, J.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Rappoccio, S.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Massironi, A.; Nash, D.; Orimoto, T.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Hahn, K. A.; Kubik, A.; Lusito, L.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Sung, K.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Chan, K. M.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kellams, N.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Woodard, A.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Antonelli, L.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Flowers, S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Smith, G.; Vuosalo, C.; Winer, B. L.; Wolfe, H.; Wulsin, H. W.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Koay, S. A.; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zenz, S. C.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Brownson, E.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Savoy-Navarro, A.; Alagoz, E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jha, M.; Jones, M.; Jung, K.; Kress, M.; Leonardo, N.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shipsey, I.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Xu, L.; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Li, W.; Adair, A.; Akgun, B.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Michlin, B.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Malik, S.; Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Robles, J.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.; Thomassen, P.; Walker, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Rose, K.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Bouhali, O.; Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Krutelyov, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Cowden, C.; Damgov, J.; Dragoiu, C.; Dudero, P. R.; Faulkner, J.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Kunori, S.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Mao, Y.; Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Belknap, D. A.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Duric, S.; Friis, E.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Levine, A.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Perry, T.; Pierro, G. 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[Etesami, S. M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, Iran. [Fahim, A.] Sharif Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran. [Safarzadeh, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Androsov, K.; Ciocci, M. A.; Grippo, M. T.; Squillacioti, P.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Moon, C. S.] CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Heredia-de La Cruz, I.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Rome, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Rolandi, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. [Amsler, C.] Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Bakirci, M. N.; Ozturk, S.; Topakli, H.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey. [Cerci, S.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey. [Onengut, G.] Cag Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Sogut, K.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Karapinar, G.] Izmir Inst Technol, Izmir, Turkey. [Isildak, B.] Ozyegin Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. 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RI Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Dubinin, Mikhail/I-3942-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Cakir, Altan/P-1024-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; da Cruz e Silva, Cristovao/K-7229-2013; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/I-7972-2012; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; VARDARLI, Fuat Ilkehan/B-6360-2013; Manganote, Edmilson/K-8251-2013; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Yazgan, Efe/A-4915-2015; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Bonacorsi, Daniele/F-1505-2014; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Bellan, Riccardo/G-2139-2014; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014 OI Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Dubinin, Mikhail/0000-0002-7766-7175; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/0000-0002-3240-6270; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 76 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 102 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)102 PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC5QB UT WOS:000332574500001 ER PT J AU Guignard, M Carlier, D Didier, C Suchomel, MR Elkaim, E Bordet, P Decourt, R Darriet, J Delmas, C AF Guignard, Marie Carlier, Dany Didier, Christophe Suchomel, Matthew R. Elkaim, Erik Bordet, Pierre Decourt, Rodolphe Darriet, Jacques Delmas, Claude TI Vanadium Clustering/Declustering in P2-Na1/2VO2 Layered Oxide SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NA-ION BATTERIES; SOLID-STATE NMR; INSULATOR TRANSITION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; METAL; SUPERSTRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION; VO2 AB The new layered phase P2-Na1/2VO2 has been synthesized by sodium electrochemical deintercalation. Its structure has been studied by high resolution powder diffraction, pair distribution function analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy between 300 and 350 K. An increase of 2 orders of magnitude in its electronic conductivity has been observed at approximately 322 K, and a structural transition has been found to occur simultaneously. The arrangement of sodium ordering in P2-Na1/2VO2, which maximizes sodium-sodium distances to lower electrostatic repulsions between alkali ions, is found to be unchanged across this transition. At room temperature, high resolution powder diffraction and pair distribution function analysis reveal the triangular lattice formed by vanadium ions to be distorted by the formation of pseudotrimers clusters with vanadium-vanadium distances as short as 2.581 angstrom. Above the transition, the pseudotrimers disappear and the triangular vanadium lattice becomes more regular with a mean vanadium-vanadium distance of similar to 2.88 angstrom. At 350 K, the increase in P2-Na1/2VO2 electronic conductivity is due to enhanced charge transport resulting from the declustering of vanadium ions. These results highlight how sodium ordering between the MO2 layers and the electronic transport within the MO2 layers are intimately correlated in NaxMO2-type sodium-layered oxides. C1 [Guignard, Marie; Carlier, Dany; Didier, Christophe; Decourt, Rodolphe; Darriet, Jacques; Delmas, Claude] Univ Bordeaux, ICMCB, CNRS, F-33608 Pessac, France. [Suchomel, Matthew R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Elkaim, Erik] Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bordet, Pierre] UJF, Inst NEEL, CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble, France. RP Guignard, M (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, ICMCB, CNRS, 87 Ave Dr A Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac, France. EM guignard@icmcb-bordeaux.cnrs.fr RI Suchomel, Matthew/C-5491-2015; CARLIER, Dany/K-2271-2015; Guignard, Marie/L-9443-2015; OI CARLIER, Dany/0000-0002-5086-4363; SUCHOMEL, Matthew/0000-0002-9500-5079; Guignard, Marie/0000-0002-8627-9289 FU CNRS; Region Aquitaine; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [2011-IS08-001-01] FX Financial support was provided by the CNRS, Region Aquitaine and a grant from Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Blanc Inter II, SIMI 8) no. 2011-IS08-001-01. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 87 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1538 EP 1548 DI 10.1021/cm403114k PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AB8SD UT WOS:000332059400007 ER PT J AU Pinaud, BA Vailionis, A Jaramillo, TF AF Pinaud, Blaise A. Vailionis, Arturas Jaramillo, Thomas F. TI Controlling the Structural and Optical Properties of Ta3N5 Films through Nitridation Temperature and the Nature of the Ta Metal SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID VISIBLE-LIGHT IRRADIATION; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; NANOTUBE ARRAYS; WATER OXIDATION; NANOROD ARRAYS; TANTALUM; PHOTOANODES; TEMPLATE AB The development of a reliable synthetic route to produce high performance Ta3N5 photoanodes has been complicated by the large number of synthetic parameters, notably nitridation conditions. A systematic study of nitridation from 850 degrees C-1000 degrees C reveals that, contrary to common knowledge, nitridation temperature has little effect on the quality of the Ta3N5 produced. Rather, it is the nature of the tantalum starting material and substrate that play a key role. Ta3N5 films synthesized by thermal oxidation and subsequent nitridation of Ta thin films on inert fused silica substrates exhibit identical structural and optical properties, regardless of preparation temperature. The optical spectra collected on these samples reveal clear, distinct features that give insight into the electronic band structure. Films grown in the same manner on Ta foils, however, reveal that textured Ta2N is formed at the Ta3N5/Ta interface even at low temperature, as shown by grazing incidence X-ray scattering. Ta3N5 on Ta foils is converted to bulk Ta5N6 at 1000 degrees C, and the possible mechanisms for these phase transitions are discussed. C1 [Pinaud, Blaise A.; Jaramillo, Thomas F.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Vailionis, Arturas] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Vailionis, Arturas] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Jaramillo, TF (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 381 North South Axis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM jaramillo@stanford.edu RI Jaramillo, Thomas/C-4174-2014; Vailionis, Arturas/C-5202-2008 OI Jaramillo, Thomas/0000-0001-9900-0622; Vailionis, Arturas/0000-0001-5878-1864 FU United Technologies Research Center fellowship in Sustainable Energy; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada graduate award; NSF [CHE-1305124] FX This work was supported by the NSF under the NSF Center CHE-1305124 for CCI Solar Fuels. B.A.P. received funding from a United Technologies Research Center fellowship in Sustainable Energy and a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada graduate award. Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Chad Miller and Ieva Narkeviciute in running the GIXS experiments. Part of this work was performed at the Stanford Nanocharacterization Laboratory (SNL), part of the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 8 U2 106 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1576 EP 1582 DI 10.1021/cm403482s PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AB8SD UT WOS:000332059400012 ER PT J AU Gao, Q Gu, M Nie, AM Mashayek, F Wang, CM Odegard, GM Shahbazian-Yassar, R AF Gao, Qi Gu, Meng Nie, Anmin Mashayek, Farzad Wang, Chongmin Odegard, Gregory M. Shahbazian-Yassar, Reza TI Direct Evidence of Lithium-Induced Atomic Ordering in Amorphous TiO2 Nanotubes SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; IN-SITU TEM; ION BATTERY ANODES; ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIATION; ANATASE TIO2; SILICON NANOWIRES; 1ST PRINCIPLES; RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM; TITANIA NANOTUBES AB In this paper, we report the first direct chemical and imaging evidence of lithium-induced atomic ordering in amorphous TiO2 nanomaterials and propose new reaction mechanisms that contradict the many works in the published literature on the lithiation behavior of these materials. The lithiation process was conducted in situ inside an atomic resolution transmission electron microscope. Our results indicate that the lithiation started with the valence reduction of Ti4+ to Ti3+ leading to a LixTiO2 intercalation compound. The continued intercalation of Li ions in TiO2 nanotubes triggered an amorphous to crystalline phase transformation. The crystals were formed as nano-islands and identified to be Li2Ti2O4 with cubic structure (a = 8.375 angstrom). The tendency for the formation of these crystals was verified with density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The size of the crystalline islands provides a characteristic length scale (similar to 5 nm) at which the atomic bonding configuration has been changed within a short time period. This phase transformation is associated with local inhomogeneities in Li distribution. On the basis of these observations, a new reaction mechanism is proposed to explain the first cycle lithiation behavior in amorphous TiO2 nanotubes. C1 [Gao, Qi; Nie, Anmin; Odegard, Gregory M.; Shahbazian-Yassar, Reza] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Gu, Meng; Wang, Chongmin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Nie, Anmin; Shahbazian-Yassar, Reza] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Mashayek, Farzad; Shahbazian-Yassar, Reza] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chongmin.wang@pnnl.gov; reza@mtu.edu RI Nie, Anmin/N-7859-2014; Gu, Meng/B-8258-2013 OI Nie, Anmin/0000-0002-0180-1366; FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1200383]; American Chemical Society-Petroleum Research Fund [51458-ND10]; MRI-R2 grant from the National Science Foundation [DMR-0959470]; Chemical Imaging Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX R.S.-Y. acknowledges the financial support from the National Science Foundation (Award No. CMMI-1200383) and the American Chemical Society-Petroleum Research Fund (Award No. 51458-ND10). The acquisition of the UIC JEOL JEM-ARM200CF is supported by an MRI-R2 grant from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. DMR-0959470). G.M.O. would like to acknowledge the use of SUPERIOR, a high-performance computing cluster at Michigan Technological University. The use of the aberration-corrected electron microscope (ARM 200CF) at the UIC Electron Microscopy Service (EMS) is also acknowledged. M.G. and C.M.W. acknowledge the support of Chemical Imaging Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). It was conducted under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at PNNL, a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830 for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The work was conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. NR 76 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 8 U2 145 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1660 EP 1669 DI 10.1021/cm403951b PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AB8SD UT WOS:000332059400023 ER PT J AU Rettie, AJE Klavetter, KC Lin, JF Dolocan, A Celio, H Ishiekwene, A Bolton, HL Pearson, KN Hahn, NT Mullins, CB AF Rettie, Alexander J. E. Klavetter, Kyle C. Lin, Jung-Fu Dolocan, Andrei Celio, Hugo Ishiekwene, Ashioma Bolton, Heather L. Pearson, Kristen N. Hahn, Nathan T. Mullins, C. Buddie TI Improved Visible Light Harvesting of WO3 by Incorporation of Sulfur or Iodine: A Tale of Two Impurities SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; DOPED TIO2 PHOTOCATALYSTS; THIN-FILMS; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; WATER OXIDATION; HETEROJUNCTION FILMS; SPRAY-PYROLYSIS; TUNGSTEN-OXIDE; METAL; PHOTOANODES AB We report the incorporation of sulfur or iodine into monoclinic tungsten trioxide (S:WO3 or I:WO3 respectively), with the aim to improve its visible light-harvesting ability. Films were synthesized by spray pyrolysis with either ammonium sulfide or iodide added to the aqueous WO3 precursor solutions. Red shifts of the absorption spectra were observed with S and I incorporation (from similar to 2.7 to 2.6 and 2.1 eV respectively), likely due to the formation of intragap impurity bands. S:WO3 samples exhibited enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance at low S concentrations, but this quickly deteriorated with increasing S content. Incident photon conversion efficiency (IPCE) data showed that this initial improvement was driven by improved collection efficiency at longer wavelengths. Conversely, photocurrent decreased at all levels of I addition. IPCE measurements for these films showed only a marginal increase in efficiency at longer wavelengths, indicating that the extra absorbed photons did not contribute significantly to the photocurrent. Time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) depth profiling revealed a uniform distribution of S throughout the S:WO3 films, but showed surface segregation of I in the I:WO3 samples. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) showed that S and I substituted for oxygen, but in the case of S, other pathways such as interstitial incorporation and cation substitution could not be ruled out. The complexities of intentionally adding nonmetal impurities to metal oxide systems are highlighted in the context of the existing body of literature. C1 [Rettie, Alexander J. E.; Klavetter, Kyle C.; Ishiekwene, Ashioma; Bolton, Heather L.; Pearson, Kristen N.; Mullins, C. Buddie] Univ Texas Austin, McKetta Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Lin, Jung-Fu] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Dolocan, Andrei; Celio, Hugo; Mullins, C. Buddie] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Mullins, C. Buddie] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem, Ctr Electrochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Hahn, Nathan T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Mullins, CB (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, McKetta Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM mullins@che.utexas.edu RI Lin, Jung-Fu/B-4917-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-09ER16119]; Welch Foundation [F-1436]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0618242, DMR-0923096]; EFree, an Energy Frontier Research Center; DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001057] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Grant DE-FG02-09ER16119 and Welch Foundation Grant F-1436. Additionally, we thank the National Science Foundation grants DMR-0618242 and DMR-0923096 used to purchase the Kratos XPS and ION-TOF TOF.SIMS 5 instruments, respectively. J.-F.L. was supported as part of EFree, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award DE-SC0001057. A.J.E.R. thanks W.D. Chemelewski for useful discussions. Finally, we acknowledge C.J. Stolle and B.A. Korgel for their help with diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy measurements. NR 54 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 9 U2 107 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1670 EP 1677 DI 10.1021/cm403969r PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA AB8SD UT WOS:000332059400024 ER PT J AU LaManna, JM Chakraborty, S Gagliardo, JJ Mench, MM AF LaManna, Jacob M. Chakraborty, Subhadeep Gagliardo, Jeffrey J. Mench, Matthew M. TI Isolation of transport mechanisms in PEFCs using high resolution neutron imaging SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Neutron imaging; Diffusion; Water management; Model validation ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE; PEM FUEL-CELL; PLANE WATER DISTRIBUTION; GAS-DIFFUSION LAYER; MICROPOROUS LAYER; RADIOGRAPHY; FLOW; PERFORMANCE; OPERATION; VISUALIZATION AB Liquid water saturation profiles were determined using high resolution neutron radiography for commercially available fuel cell materials and hardware. Temperature, pressure, and relative humidity (concentration) gradients were imposed on the cell to determine individual influences on water content for each gradient. The asymmetric anode/cathode channel/land architecture used in this work results in significant water accumulation in the anode diffusion media with saturation values of up to similar to 50%. Anode water content was found to change substantially with imposed pressure or concentration gradient, whereas the cathode saturation profile remained relatively consistent, indicating the channel/land ratio and thickness have a determinant role in diffusion media retention. The data generated in this work has been made publicly available through www.pemfcdata.org, and should be useful for computational modelers seeking validation data. Copyright (C) 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [LaManna, Jacob M.; Chakraborty, Subhadeep; Mench, Matthew M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Gagliardo, Jeffrey J.] Gen Motors Electrochem Energy Res Lab, Pontiac, MI 48340 USA. [Mench, Matthew M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RP Mench, MM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, 1512 Middle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM mmench@utk.edu FU Department of Energy [DE-EE0000470] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Feng-Yuan Zhang and Mr. Jon P. Owejan for their contributions to this work. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-EE0000470. The authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. Dan Hussey and Dr. David Jacobson of NIST for their assistance with the neutron imaging. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 EI 1879-3487 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 39 IS 7 BP 3387 EP 3396 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.12.021 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA AB6RO UT WOS:000331917400035 ER PT J AU Chen, CY Dev, PSB Soni, A AF Chen, Chien-Yi Dev, P. S. Bhupal Soni, Amarjit TI Standard model explanation of the ultrahigh energy neutrino events at IceCube SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; SCATTERING; LHC AB The recent observation of two PeV events at IceCube, followed by an additional 26 events between 30 and 300 TeV, has generated considerable speculations on its origin, and many exotic new physics explanations have been invoked. For a reliable interpretation, it is, however, important to first scrutinize the Standard Model (SM) expectations carefully, including the theoretical uncertainties, mainly due to the parton distribution functions. Assuming a new isotropic cosmic neutrino flux with a simple unbroken power-law spectrum, Phi proportional to E-s for the entire energy range of interest, we find that with s = 1.5-2, the SM neutrino-nucleon interactions are sufficient to explain all the observed events so far, without the need for any beyond the SM explanation. With more statistics, this powerful detector could provide a unique test of the SM up to the PeV scale and lead to important clues of new physics. C1 [Chen, Chien-Yi; Soni, Amarjit] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dev, P. S. Bhupal] Univ Manchester, Consortium Fundamental Phys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Chen, CY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. OI Dev, Bhupal/0000-0003-4655-2866 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Lancaster-Manchester-Sheffield Consortium for Fundamental Physics under STFC Grant [ST/J000418/1] FX We would like to thank Steve Barwick, Francis Halzen, Claudio Kopper, Alexander Mitov, Subir Sarkar, Maria Ubiali, and Nathan Whitehorn for very helpful discussions and input. P. S. B. D. acknowledges the local hospitality provided by the High Energy Theory group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, where this work was initiated. The work of C-Y. C. and A. S. is supported by the US Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-AC02-98CH10886, and P. S. B. D. is supported by the Lancaster-Manchester-Sheffield Consortium for Fundamental Physics under STFC Grant No. ST/J000418/1. NR 49 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 033012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.033012 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CS UT WOS:000332163000001 ER PT J AU Geller, M Bar-Shalom, S Soni, A AF Geller, Michael Bar-Shalom, Shaouly Soni, Amarjit TI Hybrid dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking with heavy quarks and the 125 GeV Higgs boson SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; 4TH GENERATION; TOP-QUARK; LHC; EXTENSION; SPECTRUM; TOPCOLOR; SEARCH; BROKEN; MASS AB Existing models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) find it very difficult to get a Higgs of mass lighter than m(t). Consequently, in light of the LHC discovery of the similar to 125 GeV Higgs, such models face a significant obstacle. Moreover, with three generations those models have a superheavy cutoff around 10(17) GeV, requiring a significant fine-tuning. To overcome these twin difficulties, we propose a hybrid framework for EWSB, in which the Higgs mechanism is combined with a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio mechanism. The model introduces a strongly coupled doublet of heavy quarks with a mass around 500 GeV, which forms a condensate at a compositeness scale Lambda about a few TeV, and an additional unconstrained scalar doublet which behaves as a "fundamental" doublet at Lambda. This "fundamental"-like doublet has a vanishing quartic term at Lambda and is, therefore, not the SM doublet, but should rather be viewed as a pseudo-Goldstone boson of the underlying strong dynamics. This setup is matched at the compositeness scale Lambda to a tightly constrained hybrid two Higgs doublet model, where both the composite and unconstrained scalars participate in EWSB. This allows us to get a good candidate for the recently observed 125 GeV scalar which has properties very similar to the Standard Model Higgs. The heavier (mostly composite) CP-even scalar has a mass around 500 GeV, while the pseudoscalar and the charged Higgs particles have masses in the range 200-300 GeV. C1 [Geller, Michael; Bar-Shalom, Shaouly] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Soni, Amarjit] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Theory Grp, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Geller, M (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM mic.geller@gmail.com; shaouly@physics.technion.ac.il; adlersoni@gmail.com FU Technion; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886(BNL)] FX S. B.-S and M. G. acknowledge research support from the Technion. The work of A. S. was supported in part by U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886(BNL). NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.035012 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CS UT WOS:000332163000007 ER PT J AU Jimenez-Delgado, P Accardi, A Melnitchouk, W AF Jimenez-Delgado, P. Accardi, A. Melnitchouk, W. CA Jefferson Lab Angular Momentum JAM TI Impact of hadronic and nuclear corrections on global analysis of spin-dependent parton distributions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS G(1)(P); DEUTERON STRUCTURE-FUNCTION; STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS G(2); TARGET MASS CORRECTIONS; ELECTRON-ION COLLIDER; POLARIZED HE-3; SUM-RULES; PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; ASYMMETRY A(2) AB We present the first results of a new global next-to-leading order analysis of spin-dependent parton distribution functions from the most recent world data on inclusive polarized deep-inelastic scattering, focusing in particular on the large-x and low-Q(2) regions. By directly fitting polarization asymmetries we eliminate biases introduced by using polarized structure function data extracted under nonuniform assumptions for the unpolarized structure functions. For analysis of the large-x data we implement nuclear smearing corrections for deuterium and He-3 nuclei, and systematically include target mass and higher twist corrections to the g(1) and g(2) structure functions at low Q(2). We also explore the effects of Q(2) and W-2 cuts in the data sets, and the potential impact of future data on the behavior of the spin-dependent parton distributions at intermediate and large x. C1 [Jimenez-Delgado, P.; Accardi, A.; Melnitchouk, W.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Accardi, A.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Jimenez-Delgado, P (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. FU DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177, DE-SC0008791] FX We thank J. Blumlein, H. Bottcher, V. Braun, J.-P. Chen, C. E. Keppel, S. Kuhn, S. Kumano, E. Nocera, O. Rondon, B. Sawatzky, and D. Stamenov for helpful comments and discussions. This work was supported by the DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC operates Jefferson Lab. The work of A. A. was supported in part by DOE Contract No. DE-SC0008791. NR 100 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 034025 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.034025 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CS UT WOS:000332163000005 ER PT J AU Wang, CC Pilania, G Boggs, SA Kumar, S Breneman, C Ramprasad, R AF Wang, C. C. Pilania, G. Boggs, S. A. Kumar, S. Breneman, C. Ramprasad, R. TI Computational strategies for polymer dielectrics design SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Computation polymer dielectrics ID HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; FUNCTIONAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; FORCE-FIELD; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; GLASS-TRANSITION; POLYETHYLENE; CAPACITORS; TRANSISTORS; PREDICTION AB The present contribution provides a perspective on the degree to which modern computational methods can be harnessed to guide the design of polymeric dielectrics. A variety of methods, including quantum mechanical ab initio methods, classical force-field based molecular dynamics simulations, and data-driven paradigms, such as quantitative structure-property relationship and machine learning schemes, are discussed. Strategies to explore, search and screen chemical and configurational spaces extensively are also proposed. Some examples of computation-guided synthesis and understanding of real polymer dielectrics are also provided, highlighting the anticipated increasing role of such computational methods in the future design of polymer dielectrics. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, C. C.; Ramprasad, R.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Wang, C. C.; Boggs, S. A.; Ramprasad, R.] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Pilania, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kumar, S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Breneman, C.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Rensselaer Exploratory Ctr Cheminformat Res, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Breneman, C.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Ramprasad, R (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 97 North Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM rampi@ims.uconn.edu RI Pilania, Ghanshyam/K-4468-2013 OI Pilania, Ghanshyam/0000-0003-4460-1572 FU Multi-University Research Initiative (MURI) grant from the Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0944]; National Science Foundation through XSEDE resources [TG-DMR080058N] FX This work was supported by a Multi-University Research Initiative (MURI) grant from the Office of Naval Research, under award number N00014-10-1-0944. Partial computational support of this research was provided by the National Science Foundation through XSEDE resources under Grant No. TG-DMR080058N and the Rensselaer Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies. Helpful discussions with Dr. Daniel Sinkovits, Mr. Arun Mannodi-Kanakkithodi and Dr. Huan Tran are also gratefully acknowledged. NR 82 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 8 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 55 IS 4 BP 979 EP 988 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.12.069 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AB6UZ UT WOS:000331926300001 ER PT J AU Garrison, TF Kessler, MR Larock, RC AF Garrison, Thomas F. Kessler, Michael R. Larock, Richard C. TI Effects of unsaturation and different ring-opening methods on the properties of vegetable oil-based polyurethane coatings SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Polyurethanes; Renewable resources; Mechanical properties ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOYBEAN-OIL; SYNTHETIC-POLYMERS; WATERBORNE POLYURETHANE; DISPERSIONS; POLYOLS AB A variety of vegetable oil-based, waterborne polyurethane dispersions have been successfully synthesized from different vegetable oil polyols exhibiting almost constant hydroxyl functionalities of 2.7 OH groups per molecule. The vegetable oil polyols, which have been prepared from vegetable oils with different fatty acid compositions (peanut, corn, soybean, and linseed oil), range in residual degree of unsaturation from 0.4 to 3.5 carbon carbon double bonds per triglyceride molecule. The effects of residual unsaturation on the thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting polyurethane films have been investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) has been used to accurately determine the molecular weight and mass distribution of the vegetable oil polyols. Higher residual unsaturation results in polyurethane films with increased break strength, Young's modulus, and toughness. This work has isolated the effect of unsaturation on vegetable oil-based polyurethane films, which has been neglected in previous studies. The effect of different oxirane ring opening methods (methanol, butanol, acetic acid, and hydrochloric acid) on the properties of the coatings has also been examined. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Garrison, Thomas F.; Larock, Richard C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA USA. [Kessler, Michael R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Kessler, Michael R.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Kessler, Michael R.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kessler, MR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM MichaelR.Kessler@wsu.edu; larock@iastate.edu RI Kessler, Michael/C-3153-2008; Garrison, Thomas/G-6070-2016 OI Kessler, Michael/0000-0001-8436-3447; Garrison, Thomas/0000-0001-6458-5819 FU Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research (CPBR); Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) Company FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research (CPBR) and the Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) Company. We also thank Mr. Joel Nott and Ms. Margie Carter of the Protein Facility at Iowa State University for their assistance with the MALDI-TOF measurements. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1004 EP 1011 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.01.014 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AB6UZ UT WOS:000331926300004 ER PT J AU Lin, WC Iversen, L Tu, HL Rhodes, C Christensen, SM Iwig, JS Hansen, SD Huang, WYC Groves, JT AF Lin, Wan-Chen Iversen, Lars Tu, Hsiung-Lin Rhodes, Christopher Christensen, Sune M. Iwig, Jeffrey S. Hansen, Scott D. Huang, William Y. C. Groves, Jay T. TI H-Ras forms dimers on membrane surfaces via a protein-protein interface SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Ras signaling; Ras assay ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; GTP-BINDING PROTEINS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; LIVING CELLS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BOUND PROTEINS; ACTIVATION; DYNAMICS; DIFFUSION AB The lipid-anchored small GTPase Ras is an important signaling node in mammalian cells. A number of observations suggest that Ras is laterally organized within the cell membrane, and this may play a regulatory role in its activation. Lipid anchors composed of palmitoyl and farnesyl moieties in H-, N-, and K-Ras are widely suspected to be responsible for guiding protein organization in membranes. Here, we report that H-Ras forms a dimer on membrane surfaces through a protein-protein binding interface. A Y64A point mutation in the switch II region, known to prevent Son of sevenless and PI3K effector interactions, abolishes dimer formation. This suggests that the switch II region, near the nucleotide binding cleft, is either part of, or allosterically coupled to, the dimer interface. By tethering H-Ras to bilayers via a membrane-miscible lipid tail, we show that dimer formation is mediated by protein interactions and does not require lipid anchor clustering. We quantitatively characterize H-Ras dimerization in supported membranes using a combination of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, photon counting histogram analysis, time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy, single-molecule tracking, and step photobleaching analysis. The 2D dimerization Kd is measured to be similar to 1 x 10(3) molecules/mu m(2), and no higher-order oligomers were observed. Dimerization only occurs on the membrane surface; H-Ras is strictly monomeric at comparable densities in solution. Analysis of a number of H-Ras constructs, including key changes to the lipidation pattern of the hypervariable region, suggest that dimerization is a general property of native H-Ras on membrane surfaces. C1 [Lin, Wan-Chen; Iversen, Lars; Tu, Hsiung-Lin; Rhodes, Christopher; Christensen, Sune M.; Iwig, Jeffrey S.; Hansen, Scott D.; Huang, William Y. C.; Groves, Jay T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lin, Wan-Chen; Iversen, Lars; Tu, Hsiung-Lin; Rhodes, Christopher; Christensen, Sune M.; Hansen, Scott D.; Huang, William Y. C.; Groves, Jay T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Iwig, Jeffrey S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Groves, Jay T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Groves, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jtgroves@lbl.gov RI Iversen, Lars/C-5298-2011; OI Iversen, Lars/0000-0002-1314-130X; Christensen, Sune/0000-0001-9650-6660 FU National Cancer Institute [U54 CA143836]; National Institutes of Health [P01 AI091580]; Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences FX We thank Prof. John Kuriyan for helpful advice and generous access to his laboratory. We also thank Prof. A. Gorfe for providing molecular coordinates of the molecular dynamics simulation structures of H-Ras. This work was supported in part by Award U54 CA143836 from the National Cancer Institute. Additional support was provided by National Institutes of Health Grant P01 AI091580 (to L. I. and H.-L. T.). L. I. and S. M. C. were also supported, in part, by the Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences. NR 61 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 5 U2 46 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 8 BP 2996 EP 3001 DI 10.1073/pnas.1321155111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AC0JP UT WOS:000332180900033 PM 24516166 ER PT J AU Hertzberg, MP AF Hertzberg, Mark P. TI Effective field theory of dark matter and structure formation: Semianalytical results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BARYONIC ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; POWER SPECTRUM; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE; COSMOLOGY; REDSHIFT AB Complimenting recent work on the effective field theory of cosmological large scale structures, here we present detailed approximate analytical results and further pedagogical understanding of the method. We start from the collisionless Boltzmann equation and integrate out short modes of a dark matter/dark energy dominated universe (Lambda CDM) whose matter is comprised of massive particles as used in cosmological simulations. This establishes a long distance effective fluid, valid for length scales larger than the nonlinear scale similar to 10 Mpc, and provides the complete description of large scale structure formation. Extracting the time dependence, we derive recursion relations that encode the perturbative solution. This is exact for the matter dominated era and quite accurate in.CDM also. The effective fluid is characterized by physical parameters, including sound speed and viscosity. These two fluid parameters play a degenerate role with each other and lead to a relative correction from standard perturbation theory of the form similar to 10(-6)c(2)k(2)/H-2. Starting from the linear theory, we calculate corrections to cosmological observables, such as the baryonacoustic- oscillation peak, which we compute semianalytically at one-loop order. Due to the nonzero fluid parameters, the predictions of the effective field theory agree with observation much more accurately than standard perturbation theory and we explain why. We also discuss corrections from treating dark matter as interacting or wavelike and other issues. C1 [Hertzberg, Mark P.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hertzberg, Mark P.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hertzberg, Mark P.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hertzberg, Mark P.] MIT, Dept Phys, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hertzberg, MP (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mphertz@stanford.edu FU SITP; KIPAC; NSF [PHY-0756174]; Kavli Fellowship FX We would like to thank Tom Abel, Roger Blandford, John Joseph Carrasco, Leonardo Senatore, and Risa Weschler for helpful discussions. M. H. is supported by SITP, KIPAC, NSF grant PHY-0756174, and a Kavli Fellowship. NR 42 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 4 AR 043521 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.043521 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0GG UT WOS:000332172200006 ER PT J AU Burov, A AF Burov, A. TI Nested head-tail Vlasov solver SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Nested head-tail is a Vlasov solver for transverse oscillations in multibunch beams. It takes into account azimuthal, radial, coupled-bunch, and beam-beam degrees of freedom affected by arbitrary dipole wakes, feedback damper, beam-beam effects and Landau damping. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Burov, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359] FX I am extremely thankful to Elias Metral, my CERN host during my FNAL-LARP long-term visit to CERN-not only for his permanently warm hospitality but also for innumerable extremely useful discussions. I am also grateful to Stephane Fartoukh, Nicolas Mounet, and Elena Shaposhnikova for a regular exchange of ideas related to a content of this paper. My special thanks are to Simon White for his help with NHT benchmarking. I appreciate the great support of Fermilab and LARP management for my long-term visit to CERN. FNAL is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 AR 021007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.17.021007 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC0IN UT WOS:000332178100001 ER PT J AU Moreschini, L Lin, PH Lin, CH Ku, W Innocenti, D Chang, YJ Walter, AL Kim, KS Brouet, V Yeh, KW Wu, MK Rotenberg, E Bostwick, A Grioni, M AF Moreschini, L. Lin, P. -H. Lin, C. -H. Ku, W. Innocenti, D. Chang, Y. J. Walter, A. L. Kim, K. S. Brouet, V. Yeh, K. -W. Wu, M. -K. Rotenberg, E. Bostwick, A. Grioni, M. TI Consequences of Broken Translational Symmetry in FeSexTe1-x SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOEMISSION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; BAND AB We investigate the consequences of broken translational symmetry in the superconductor FeSexTe1-x using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find that the intensity does not follow the periodicity dictated by the crystal structure, owing to the form of the perturbing potential and the symmetries of the Fe d orbitals. Their interplay leads to substantial differences in the orbital character and spectral features observed at nominally equivalent locations in the reciprocal space. Such differences cannot be accounted for by the usual dipole matrix element effects and are due instead to the structure factor, which must be explicitly considered whenever more than one atom is present in the unit cell. C1 [Moreschini, L.; Innocenti, D.; Chang, Y. J.; Walter, A. L.; Kim, K. S.; Rotenberg, E.; Bostwick, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lin, P. -H.; Grioni, M.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Condensed Matter Phys, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Lin, C. -H.; Ku, W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lin, C. -H.; Ku, W.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Innocenti, D.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, CNR SPIN, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Innocenti, D.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Ingn Civile & Ingn Informat, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Chang, Y. J.; Walter, A. L.] Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Dept Phys Chem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Chang, Y. J.] Univ Seoul, Dept Phys, Seoul 130743, South Korea. [Brouet, V.] Univ Paris 11, Phys Solides Lab, UMR 8502, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Yeh, K. -W.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Wu, M. -K.] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Dept Phys, Hualien 97401, Taiwan. RP Moreschini, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lmoreschini@lbl.gov; phlinjoy@phys.sinica.edu.tw RI innocenti, davide/H-7786-2012; Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009; Chang, Young Jun/N-3440-2014; Walter, Andrew/B-9235-2011; EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016 OI Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844; Chang, Young Jun/0000-0001-5538-0643; FU Swiss SNF [N PA00P21-36420]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX L. M. and P.-H. Lin equally contributed to this work. We gratefully acknowledge stimulating discussions with C. R. Ast, S. V. Borisenko, J. Denlinger, and H. M. Ronnow. We acknowledge support by the Swiss SNF, namely through Grant No. N PA00P21-36420 (L. M.). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 57 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 8 AR 087602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.087602 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7GM UT WOS:000331957600010 ER PT J AU Jesche, A Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Jesche, A. Bud'ko, S. L. Canfield, P. C. TI Single crystal growth and characterization of the large-unit-cell compound Cu13Ba SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Intermetallics; Crystal growth; Kondo effect; Magnetic measurements ID LOW-TEMPERATURES; QUASI-CRYSTALS; ALLOYS; COPPER; RESISTIVITY; MINIMUM; SYSTEM AB Single crystals of Cu13Ba were successfully grown out of Ba-Cu self flux. Temperature dependent magnetization, M(T), electrical resistivity, rho(T), and specific heat, C-p(T), data are reported. Isothermal magnetization measurements, M(H), show clear de Haas-van Alphen oscillations at T = 2 K for applied fields as low as mu H-0-1T. An anomalous behavior of the magnetic susceptibility is observed up to T approximate to 50 K reflecting the effect of de Haas-van Alphen oscillations at fairly high temperatures. The field-and temperature-dependencies of the magnetization indicate the presence of diluted magnetic impurities with a concentration of the order of 0.01 at.%. Accordingly, the minimum and lower temperature rise observed in the electrical resistivity at and below T = 15 K is attributed to the Kondo-impurity effect. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jesche, A.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. RP Jesche, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jesche@ameslab.gov RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The research was performed at the Ames Laboratory. Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 587 BP 705 EP 709 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.10.161 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 281PS UT WOS:000329114100110 ER PT J AU Ye, ZX Cho, JY Tessema, MM Salvador, JR Waldo, RA Yang, JH Wang, H Cai, W Kirkham, MJ Yang, J Zhang, WQ AF Ye, Zuxin Cho, Jung Young Tessema, Misle M. Salvador, James R. Waldo, Richard A. Yang, Jihui Wang, Hsin Cai, W. Kirkham, M. J. Yang, Jiong Zhang, Wenqing TI Thermoelectric properties of Au-containing type-I clathrates Ba(8)Au(x)Ga(16-3x)Ge30+2x SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Thermoelectric materials; Clathrates; Rietveld analysis; Thermal conductivity ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; STRUCTURAL DISORDER; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; POWER-GENERATION; GE; CU; BA AB Type I clathrates, with compositions based on Ba8Ga16Ge30, are a class of promising thermoelectric materials due to their intrinsically low thermal conductivity. It has been demonstrated previously that the thermoelectric performance can be improved by transition metal substitution of the framework atoms. In this study, the effects of Au substitution for Ga/Ge on thermal and electrical transport properties of type I clathrate compounds have been investigated. Polycrystalline samples with a large range of Au content have been synthesized using conventional solid state techniques with the actual compositions of resulting materials approximately following Zintl-Klemm rules. The charge carrier type changes from electrons (n) to holes (p) as the Au content increases. The Seebeck coefficient (S) and power factor (S-2/rho where rho is the electrical resistivity) were improved by Au substitution and the resulting overall thermoelectric properties were enhanced by Au substitution as compared to polycrystalline Ba8Ga16Ge30. The thermoelectric figure of merit ZT attains a value of 0.63 at 740 K for the composition Ba8Au5.47Ge39.96, a value that is somewhat lower than those reported previously. The results presented herein show that Au-containing type I clathrates are promising p-type thermoelectric materials for high temperature applications. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ye, Zuxin; Cho, Jung Young; Tessema, Misle M.] Optimal Inc, Plymouth, MI 48170 USA. [Salvador, James R.; Waldo, Richard A.] Gen Motors Global R&D, Chem & Mat Syst Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA. [Yang, Jihui] Univ Washington, Dept Mat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wang, Hsin; Cai, W.; Kirkham, M. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yang, Jiong; Zhang, Wenqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. RP Salvador, JR (reprint author), 30500 Mound Rd,MC 480-106-224, Warren, MI 48090 USA. EM james.salvador@gm.com RI Yang, Jihui/A-3109-2009; Yang, Jiong/K-6330-2014; Zhang, Wenqing/K-1236-2012; Kirkham, Melanie/B-6147-2011; Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI Yang, Jiong/0000-0002-5862-5981; Kirkham, Melanie/0000-0001-8411-9751; Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 FU DOE [DE-EE0000014, NFE1103595]; General Motors under the Material Science and Technology Division [IAN: 14B673701]; U.S. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Department of Energy [DE-AC05000OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy FX Z.Y., J.Y.C. and J.R.S. would like to thank J.F. Herbst and M. W. Verbrugge for their continued support and encouragement. The work is supported by GM and by DOE under corporate agreement DE-EE0000014. This research was also performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and sponsored by General Motors under the Material Science and Technology Division, Work-for-Others (WFO) Program, IAN: 14B673701, and DOE agreement: NFE1103595, with the U.S. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by the UT-Battelle LLC, for the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05000OR22725. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 587 BP 747 EP 754 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.10.104 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 281PS UT WOS:000329114100117 ER PT J AU Provino, A Paudyal, D Morozkin, AV Manfrinetti, P Gschneidner, KA AF Provino, A. Paudyal, D. Morozkin, A. V. Manfrinetti, P. Gschneidner, K. A., Jr. TI Systematics and anomalies in formation and crystal structures of RScSb and R3Sc2Sb3 rare earth compounds SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE Rare earth ternary compounds; Rare earth scandium antimonides; Crystal structures; First principles calculations ID COMPOUNDS R=GD-TM; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; COMPOUNDS R; X-RAY; PHASES; TB; TBTI0.85MO0.15GE; TEMPERATURE AB A systematic study of RScSb (R = rare earth) ternary alloys has been carried out by X-ray diffraction, optical and electron microscopy and microprobe analysis. As a result, the new equiatomic RScSb (R = La-Nd, Sm, Gd-Tm, Lu, Y) compounds have been identified. No formation of equiatomic 1:1:1 phases has been observed for Eu and Yb. It has been found the RScSb compounds crystallize in two different crystal structures. The phases formed by the lighter R (La-Nd, Sm) adopt the CeScSi-type (tetragonal tI12, I4/mmm, an ordered variant of the La2Sb-type), while the ones containing the heavier R (R = Gd-Tm, Lu, Y) crystallize with the CeFeSi-type (tetragonal tP6, P4/nmm, an ordered derivative of the Cu2Sb-type). The latter phases were expected to be dimorphic, thus suggesting they might be polymorphic having the CeScSi-type as the low-temperature form; however, no proof of this was found in the course of the present study. Besides the equiatomic compounds, the R3Sc2Sb3 phases have also been identified. They form from Gd-Tm, Lu, included Y, and crystallize in the beta-Yb5Sb3-type (orthorhombic oP32, Pnma). The observed lattice parameters, unit cell volume and volume contraction, for both the series of compounds, decrease on going from La to Lu following the lanthanide contraction trend. First principles calculations pinpoint that the differences in the electronic structure are directly related to the differences in the crystal structures of these compounds. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Provino, A.; Manfrinetti, P.] Univ Genoa, Dept Chem, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Provino, A.; Paudyal, D.; Manfrinetti, P.; Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Morozkin, A. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Gschneidner, K. A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Manfrinetti, P (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dept Chem, Via Dodecaneso 31, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. EM chimfis@chimica.unige.it FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division of the Office of Science [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) [05-07] FX Part of this work was performed at the Ames Laboratory. The Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University of Science and Technology for the U S Department of Energy; the work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division of the Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. Crystallographic data of Gd3Sc2Sb3 were used with permission of JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD Grant No. 05-07). A. P. and P. M. would like to thank E. Caltvedt for carefully reading the manuscript. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD FEB 25 PY 2014 VL 587 BP 783 EP 789 DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.10.197 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 281PS UT WOS:000329114100122 ER PT J AU Foglietti, V Yang, N Tebano, A Aruta, C Di Bartolomeo, E Licoccia, S Cantoni, C Balestrino, G AF Foglietti, Vittorio Yang, Nan Tebano, Antonello Aruta, Carmela Di Bartolomeo, Elisabetta Licoccia, Silvia Cantoni, Claudia Balestrino, Giuseppe TI Heavily strained BaZr0.8Y0.2O3-x interfaces with enhanced transport properties SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; PROTON CONDUCTION; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; BARIUM ZIRCONATE; SINTERED OXIDES; THIN-FILMS; PERFORMANCE; CERIA AB A study of the structure and transport properties of highly textured, epitaxial oriented BaZr0.8Y0.2O3-x thin films grown on NdGaO3(110) is reported. Films have been grown by pulsed laser deposition and their conductivity studied as a function of temperature and thickness. The results show an increased conductance as the sample thickness decreases. The measured conductivity corresponding to an in-plane conductivity of 20 S cm(-1) has been systematically observed in the range of 550-600 degrees C for several 10 nm-thick films. The high values of conductivity are possibly related to the high densities of defects, mostly dislocations at the interface of the film with the substrate. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Foglietti, Vittorio] CNR, ISM Area Ric Montelibretti, I-00016 Monterotondo, Italy. [Yang, Nan; Tebano, Antonello; Aruta, Carmela; Balestrino, Giuseppe] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, CNR SPIN, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, Nan; Tebano, Antonello; Aruta, Carmela; Balestrino, Giuseppe] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept DICII, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Di Bartolomeo, Elisabetta; Licoccia, Silvia] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, NAST Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Di Bartolomeo, Elisabetta; Licoccia, Silvia] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cantoni, Claudia] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Foglietti, V (reprint author), CNR, ISM Area Ric Montelibretti, Via Salaria,Km 29 300, I-00016 Monterotondo, Italy. RI Foglietti, Vittorio/J-7052-2012; Aruta, Carmela/L-2957-2015; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013; OI Foglietti, Vittorio/0000-0002-9588-5379; Aruta, Carmela/0000-0002-6917-6667; TEBANO, ANTONELLO/0000-0002-0229-671X; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021; DI BARTOLOMEO, ELISABETTA/0000-0002-1739-0725 FU META-Materials Enhancement for Technological Applications Project [PIRSES-GA-2010-269182]; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; FIRB Project [RBAP115AYN]; PRIN Project FX The authors acknowledge META-Materials Enhancement for Technological Applications Project (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES-Marie Curie Actions, PIRSES-GA-2010-269182) C. C. acknowledges the support by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Italian MIUR is acknowledged for support through the FIRB Project RBAP115AYN "Oxides at the nanoscale: multifunctionality and applications" and PRIN Project 2010-2011 OXIDE, "OXide Interfaces: emerging new properties, multifunctionality, and Devices for Electronics and Energy." NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 8 AR 081612 DI 10.1063/1.4867020 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GI UT WOS:000332619100035 ER PT J AU Jain, S Novosad, V Fradin, FY Pearson, JE Bader, SD AF Jain, Shikha Novosad, Valentyn Fradin, Frank Y. Pearson, John E. Bader, Samuel D. TI Dynamics of coupled vortices in perpendicular field SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PERMALLOY; STATE; DOTS AB We explore the coupling mechanism of two magnetic vortices in the presence of a perpendicular bias field by pre-selecting the polarity combinations using the resonant-spin-ordering approach. First, out of the four vortex polarity combinations (two of which are degenerate), three stable core polarity states are achieved by lifting the degeneracy of one of the states. Second, the response of the stiffness constant for the vortex pair (similar polarity) in perpendicular bias is found to be asymmetric around the zero field, in contrast to the response obtained from a single vortex core. Finally, the collective response of the system for antiparallel core polarities is symmetric around zero bias. The vortex core whose polarization is opposite to the bias field dominates the response. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Jain, Shikha; Novosad, Valentyn; Fradin, Frank Y.; Pearson, John E.; Bader, Samuel D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Novosad, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM novosad@anl.gov RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences, and Engineering Division FX This work including use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences, and Engineering Division. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 8 AR 082409 DI 10.1063/1.4866900 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GI UT WOS:000332619100078 ER PT J AU Pravarthana, D Trassin, M Chu, JH Lacotte, M David, A Ramesh, R Salvador, PA Prellier, W AF Pravarthana, D. Trassin, M. Chu, Jiun Haw Lacotte, M. David, A. Ramesh, R. Salvador, P. A. Prellier, W. TI BiFeO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterostructures deposited on spark plasma sintered LaAlO3 substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION; THIN-FILMS; TITANIA FILMS; BIFEO3; PHASE; ORIENTATION; GROWTH; POLARIZATION; ANISOTROPY; EPITAXY AB Multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO)/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterostructured thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on polished spark plasma sintered LaAlO3 (LAO) polycrystalline substrates. Both polycrystalline LAO substrates and BFO films were locally characterized using electron backscattering diffraction, which confirmed the high-quality local epitaxial growth on each substrate grain. Piezoforce microscopy was used to image and switch the piezo-domains, and the results are consistent with the relative orientation of the ferroelectric variants with the surface normal. This high-throughput synthesis process opens the routes towards wide survey of electronic properties as a function of crystalline orientation in complex oxide thin film synthesis. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Pravarthana, D.; Lacotte, M.; David, A.; Prellier, W.] Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, CNRS UMR 6508, Lab CRISMAT, F-14050 Caen 4, France. [Trassin, M.; Chu, Jiun Haw; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Trassin, M.] ETH, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Salvador, P. A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Prellier, W (reprint author), Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, CNRS UMR 6508, Lab CRISMAT, 6 Bd Marechal Juin, F-14050 Caen 4, France. EM wilfrid.prellier@ensicaen.fr RI Salvador, Paul/A-9435-2011 OI Salvador, Paul/0000-0001-7106-0017 FU Erasmus Mundus Project IDS-FunMat; Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), through the program Investissements d'Avenir [ANR-10-LABX-09-01]; LabEx EMC3; Interreg IVA MEET project FX We thank L. Gouleuf and J. Lecourt for technical support. D.P. is supported by a Ph.D. fellowship included in the Erasmus Mundus Project IDS-FunMat. M. Lacotte received her Ph.D. scholarship from the Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche. Partial support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), through the program Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-10-LABX-09-01), LabEx EMC3, and the Interreg IVA MEET project is also acknowledged. We also thank O. Copie, R. de Kloe, I. Canero Infante, J. Wang, and R. Ranjith for fruitful discussions. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 67 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 8 AR 082914 DI 10.1063/1.4867021 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AC6GI UT WOS:000332619100101 ER PT J AU Shu, J Gao, WL Reichel, K Nickel, D Dominguez, J Brener, I Mittleman, DM Xu, QF AF Shu, Jie Gao, Weilu Reichel, Kimberly Nickel, Daniel Dominguez, Jason Brener, Igal Mittleman, Daniel M. Xu, Qianfan TI High-Q terahertz Fano resonance with extraordinary transmission in concentric ring apertures SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; METAMATERIALS; NANOSTRUCTURES AB We experimentally demonstrate a polarization-independent terahertz Fano resonance with extraordinary transmission when light passes through two concentric subwavelength ring apertures in the metal film. The Fano resonance is enabled by the coupling between a high-Q dark mode and a low-Q bright mode. We find the Q factor of the dark mode ranges from 23 to 40, which is 3 similar to 6 times higher than Q of bright mode. We show the Fano resonance can be tuned by varying the geometry and dimension of the structures. We also demonstrate a polarization dependent Fano resonance in a modified structure of concentric ring apertures. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America C1 [Shu, Jie; Gao, Weilu; Reichel, Kimberly; Nickel, Daniel; Mittleman, Daniel M.; Xu, Qianfan] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Dominguez, Jason; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Xu, QF (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM qianfan@rice.edu RI Gao, Weilu/O-7521-2016 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-1308014, ECCS-1101171]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0261] FX This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We also acknowledge partial support from the National Science Foundation (through Grants No. ECCS-1308014 and ECCS-1101171) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grants FA9550-12-1-0261. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 64 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 22 IS 4 BP 3747 EP 3753 DI 10.1364/OE.22.003747 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA AC4VU UT WOS:000332520000002 PM 24663692 ER PT J AU Negres, RA Cross, DA Liao, ZM Matthews, MJ Carr, CW AF Negres, Raluca A. Cross, David A. Liao, Zhi M. Matthews, Manyalibo J. Carr, Christopher W. TI Growth model for laser-induced damage on the exit surface of fused silica under UV, ns laser irradiation SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID INITIATED DAMAGE; 351 NM; OPTICS; PULSES; MORPHOLOGY; BREAKDOWN; SITES; NIF AB We present a comprehensive statistical model which includes both the probability of growth and growth rate to describe the evolution of exit surface damage sites on fused silica optics over multiple laser shots spanning a wide range of fluences. We focus primarily on the parameterization of growth rate distributions versus site size and laser fluence using Weibull statistics and show how this model is consistent with established fracture mechanics concepts describing brittle materials. Key growth behaviors and prediction errors associated with the present model are also discussed. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America C1 [Negres, Raluca A.; Cross, David A.; Liao, Zhi M.; Matthews, Manyalibo J.; Carr, Christopher W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Negres, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM negres2@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank W. A. Steele, J. J. Adams, G. M. Guss and the OSL team for assistance in sample preparation and execution of the experiments. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 53 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 29 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 22 IS 4 BP 3824 EP 3844 DI 10.1364/OE.22.003824 PG 21 WC Optics SC Optics GA AC4VU UT WOS:000332520000013 PM 24663703 ER PT J AU Monserud, NC Malm, EB Wachulak, PW Putkaradze, V Balakrishnan, G Chao, WL Anderson, E Carlton, D Marconi, MC AF Monserud, Nils C. Malm, Erik B. Wachulak, Przemyslaw W. Putkaradze, Vakhtang Balakrishnan, Ganesh Chao, Weilun Anderson, Erik Carlton, David Marconi, Mario C. TI Recording oscillations of sub-micron size cantilevers by extreme ultraviolet Fourier transform holography SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY LASER; WAVELENGTH RESOLUTION; RECONSTRUCTION AB We recorded the fast oscillation of sub-micron cantilevers using time-resolved extreme ultraviolet (EUV) Fourier transform holography. A tabletop capillary discharge EUV laser with a wavelength of 46.9 nm provided a large flux of coherent illumination that was split using a Fresnel zone plate to generate the object and the reference beams. The reference wave was produced by the first order focus while a central opening in the zone plate provided a direct illumination of the cantilevers. Single-shot holograms allowed for the composition of a movie featuring the fast oscillation. Three-dimensional displacements of the object were determined as well by numerical back-propagation, or "refocusing" of the electromagnetic fields during the reconstruction of a single hologram. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America C1 [Monserud, Nils C.; Malm, Erik B.; Marconi, Mario C.] Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Monserud, Nils C.; Malm, Erik B.; Marconi, Mario C.] Colorado State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wachulak, Przemyslaw W.] Mil Univ Technol, Inst Optoelect, PL-00908 Warsaw, Poland. [Putkaradze, Vakhtang] Univ Alberta, Dept Math & Stat Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. [Balakrishnan, Ganesh] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Balakrishnan, Ganesh] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Chao, Weilun; Anderson, Erik; Carlton, David] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marconi, MC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM marconi@engr.colostate.edu FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency - Joint Science and Technology office for Chemical Biological Defense [HDTRA1-10-1-007]; National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology [EEC 0310717] FX The authors acknowledge support by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency - Joint Science and Technology office for Chemical Biological Defense (Grant No. HDTRA1-10-1-007) and the National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology award EEC 0310717. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 22 IS 4 BP 4161 EP 4167 DI 10.1364/OE.22.004161 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA AC4VU UT WOS:000332520000050 PM 24663740 ER PT J AU Bousso, R Stanford, D AF Bousso, Raphael Stanford, Douglas TI Measurements without probabilities in the final state proposal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB The black hole final state proposal reconciles the infalling vacuum with the unitarity of the Hawking radiation, but only for some experiments. We study experiments that first verify the exterior, then the interior purification of the same Hawking particle. (This is the same protocol that renders the firewall paradox operationally meaningful in standard quantum mechanics.) We show that the decoherence functional fails to be diagonal, even upon inclusion of external "pointer" systems. Hence, probabilities for outcomes of these measurements are not defined. We conclude that the final state proposal does not offer a consistent alternative to the firewall hypothesis. C1 [Bousso, Raphael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bousso, Raphael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bousso, Raphael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stanford, Douglas] Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Theoret Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Stanford, Douglas] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Bousso, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bousso@lbl.gov; salguod@stanford.edu FU Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics; National Science Foundation [1214644]; Foundational Questions Institute; New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics; NSF [0756174, PHY11-25915] FX We thank A. Kitaev, J. Preskill and V. Rosenhaus for discussions. The work of R. B. is supported by the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. 1214644), by the Foundational Questions Institute, by "New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology," and by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231). The work of D. S. is supported by the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics and NSF Grant No. 0756174. We both acknowledge the hospitality of the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, supported by NSF Grant No. PHY11-25915. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 4 AR 044038 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.044038 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0GA UT WOS:000332171600005 ER PT J AU Cholis, I Hooper, D AF Cholis, Ilias Hooper, Dan TI Constraining the origin of the rising cosmic ray positron fraction with the boron-to-carbon ratio SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-SPECTRA; DARK-MATTER; NUCLEI; SECONDARY; PAMELA; PROPAGATION; MODULATION; MODELS AB The rapid rise in the cosmic ray positron fraction above 10 GeV, as measured by PAMELA and AMS, suggests the existence of nearby primary sources of high energy positrons, such as pulsars or annihilating/decaying dark matter. In contrast, the spectrum of secondary positrons produced through the collisions of cosmic rays in the interstellar medium is predicted to fall rapidly with energy, and thus is unable to account for the observed rise. It has been proposed, however, that secondary positrons could be produced and then accelerated in nearby supernova remnants, potentially explaining the observed rise, without the need of primary positron sources. Yet, if secondary positrons are accelerated in such shocks, other secondary cosmic ray species (such as boron nuclei and antiprotons) will also be accelerated, leading to rises in the boron-to-carbon and antiproton-to-proton ratios. The measurements of the boron-to-carbon ratio by the PAMELA and AMS collaborations, however, show no sign of such a rise. With this new data in hand, we revisit the secondary acceleration scenario for the rising positron fraction. Assuming that the same supernova remnants accelerate both light nuclei (protons, helium) and heavier cosmic ray species, we find that no more than similar to 25% of the observed rise in the positron fraction can result from this mechanism (at the 95% confidence level). C1 [Cholis, Ilias; Hooper, Dan] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Hooper, Dan] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Cholis, I (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM cholis@fnal.gov; dhooper@fnal.gov OI Cholis, Ilias/0000-0002-3805-6478 FU U.S. Department of Energy; NSF [1066293] FX We thank Mirko Boezio for valuable discussions. This work has been supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. We also thank the Aspen Center for Physics for its hospitality during the earlier stages of this project and acknowledge support from the NSF Grant No. 1066293. NR 67 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 4 AR 043013 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.043013 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0GA UT WOS:000332171600003 ER PT J AU He, XH Wang, J Ban, Y Wang, P Adachi, I Aihara, H Asner, DM Aulchenko, V Aushev, T Bakich, AM Bala, A Bonvicini, G Bozek, A Chekelian, V Chen, A Cheon, BG Chilikin, K Choi, Y Cinabro, D Dalseno, J Dolezal, Z Drasal, Z Dutta, D Eidelman, S Farhat, H Fast, JE Ferber, T Gaur, V Gabyshev, N Garmash, A Gillard, R Goh, YM Golob, B Haba, J Hayashii, H Hoshi, Y Hou, WS Hsiung, YB Ishikawa, A Julius, T Kang, JH Kato, E Kawasaki, T Kiesling, C Kim, DY Kim, JH Kim, MJ Kim, YJ Kinoshita, K Klucar, J Ko, BR Kodys, P Lee, SH Libby, J Liu, Y Liventsev, D Matvienko, D Miyata, H Mizuk, R Moll, A Muramatsu, N Mussa, R Nakao, M Nayak, M Nedelkovska, E Nisar, NK Nishida, S Nitoh, O Ogawa, S Okuno, S Olsen, SL Pakhlova, G Park, H Pestotnik, R Petric, M Piilonen, LE Ritter, M Rohrken, M Rostomyan, A Sahoo, H Sakai, Y Sandilya, S Santelj, L Sanuki, T Savinov, V Schneider, O Schnell, G Schwanda, C Senyo, K Seon, O Shapkin, M Shen, CP Shibata, TA Shiu, JG Shwartz, B Sibidanov, A Sohn, YS Solovieva, E Stanic, S Staric, M Sumiyoshi, T Tamponi, U Tanida, K Tatishvili, G Teramoto, Y Uchida, M Uglov, T Unno, Y Van Hulse, C Varner, G Wang, CH Watanabe, Y Yamashita, Y Yashchenko, S Zhang, CC Zhang, ZP Zhilich, V Zhulanov, V Zupanc, A AF He, X. H. Wang, J. Ban, Y. Wang, P. Adachi, I. Aihara, H. Asner, D. M. Aulchenko, V. Aushev, T. Bakich, A. M. Bala, A. Bonvicini, G. Bozek, A. Chekelian, V. Chen, A. Cheon, B. G. Chilikin, K. Choi, Y. Cinabro, D. Dalseno, J. Dolezal, Z. Drasal, Z. Dutta, D. Eidelman, S. Farhat, H. Fast, J. E. Ferber, T. Gaur, V. Gabyshev, N. Garmash, A. Gillard, R. Goh, Y. M. Golob, B. Haba, J. Hayashii, H. Hoshi, Y. Hou, W. -S. Hsiung, Y. B. Ishikawa, A. Julius, T. Kang, J. H. Kato, E. Kawasaki, T. Kiesling, C. Kim, D. Y. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. J. Kim, Y. J. Kinoshita, K. Klucar, J. Ko, B. R. Kodys, P. Lee, S. -H. Libby, J. Liu, Y. Liventsev, D. Matvienko, D. Miyata, H. Mizuk, R. Moll, A. Muramatsu, N. Mussa, R. Nakao, M. Nayak, M. Nedelkovska, E. Nisar, N. K. Nishida, S. Nitoh, O. Ogawa, S. Okuno, S. Olsen, S. L. Pakhlova, G. Park, H. Pestotnik, R. Petric, M. Piilonen, L. E. Ritter, M. Roehrken, M. Rostomyan, A. Sahoo, H. Sakai, Y. Sandilya, S. Santelj, L. Sanuki, T. Savinov, V. Schneider, O. Schnell, G. Schwanda, C. Senyo, K. Seon, O. Shapkin, M. Shen, C. P. Shibata, T. -A. Shiu, J. -G. Shwartz, B. Sibidanov, A. Sohn, Y. -S. Solovieva, E. Stanic, S. Staric, M. Sumiyoshi, T. Tamponi, U. Tanida, K. Tatishvili, G. Teramoto, Y. Uchida, M. Uglov, T. Unno, Y. Van Hulse, C. Varner, G. Wang, C. H. Watanabe, Y. Yamashita, Y. Yashchenko, S. Zhang, C. C. Zhang, Z. P. Zhilich, V. Zhulanov, V. Zupanc, A. CA Belle Collaboration TI Search for the process e(+)e(-) -> J/psi X(1835) at root s approximate to 10.6 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BARYONIUM; GLUEBALL; X(1835); STATE; BES AB We report the results of a search for the X(1835) state in the process e(+)e(-) -> J/psi X(1835) using a data sample of 672 fb(-1) collected with the Belle detector at and near the Upsilon(4S) resonance at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. No significant evidence is found for this process, and an upper limit is set on its cross section times the branching fraction: sigma(Bom) (e(+)e(-) -> J/psi X(1835)).B(X(1835) ->>= 3 charged tracks) < 1.3 fb at 90% confidence level. C1 [Schnell, G.; Van Hulse, C.] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Bilbao 48080, Spain. [Shen, C. P.] Beihang Univ, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Aulchenko, V.; Eidelman, S.; Gabyshev, N.; Garmash, A.; Matvienko, D.; Shwartz, B.; Zhilich, V.; Zhulanov, V.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Aulchenko, V.; Eidelman, S.; Gabyshev, N.; Garmash, A.; Matvienko, D.; Shwartz, B.; Zhilich, V.; Zhulanov, V.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CR-12116 Prague, Czech Republic. [Kinoshita, K.; Liu, Y.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Ferber, T.; Rostomyan, A.; Yashchenko, S.] DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Cheon, B. G.; Goh, Y. M.; Unno, Y.] Hanyang Univ, Seoul 133791, South Korea. [Sahoo, H.; Varner, G.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Adachi, I.; Haba, J.; Liventsev, D.; Nakao, M.; Nishida, S.; Sakai, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Schnell, G.] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48011, Spain. [Dutta, D.] Indian Inst Technol Guwahati, Gauhati 781039, Assam, India. [Libby, J.; Nayak, M.] Indian Inst Technol, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. [Wang, P.; Zhang, C. C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Schwanda, C.] Inst High Energy Phys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria. [Shapkin, M.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia. [Mussa, R.; Tamponi, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Aushev, T.; Chilikin, K.; Mizuk, R.; Pakhlova, G.; Solovieva, E.; Uglov, T.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Golob, B.; Klucar, J.; Pestotnik, R.; Petric, M.; Santelj, L.; Staric, M.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Okuno, S.; Watanabe, Y.] Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2218686, Japan. [Roehrken, M.; Zupanc, A.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Kim, J. H.; Kim, Y. J.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305806, South Korea. [Ko, B. R.; Lee, S. -H.] Korea Univ, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Kim, M. J.; Park, H.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Schneider, O.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Golob, B.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Chekelian, V.; Dalseno, J.; Kiesling, C.; Moll, A.; Nedelkovska, E.; Ritter, M.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Julius, T.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Mizuk, R.] Moscow Phys Engn Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Uglov, T.] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Moscow 141700, Moscow Region, Russia. [Seon, O.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Hayashii, H.] Nara Womens Univ, Nara 6308506, Japan. [Chen, A.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Wang, C. H.] Natl United Univ, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan. [Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y. B.; Shiu, J. -G.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Bozek, A.] H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Yamashita, Y.] Nippon Dent Univ, Niigata 9518580, Japan. [Kawasaki, T.; Miyata, H.] Niigata Univ, Niigata 9502181, Japan. [Stanic, S.] Univ Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica 5000, Slovenia. [Teramoto, Y.] Osaka City Univ, Osaka 5588585, Japan. [Asner, D. M.; Fast, J. E.; Tatishvili, G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bala, A.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [He, X. H.; Wang, J.; Ban, Y.] Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Savinov, V.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Muramatsu, N.] Tohoku Univ, Res Ctr Electron Photon Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Olsen, S. L.; Tanida, K.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Kim, D. Y.] Soongsil Univ, Seoul 156743, South Korea. [Choi, Y.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Bakich, A. M.; Sibidanov, A.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Gaur, V.; Nisar, N. K.; Sandilya, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Dalseno, J.; Moll, A.] Tech Univ Munich, Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ogawa, S.] Toho Univ, Funabashi, Chiba 2748510, Japan. [Hoshi, Y.] Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Tagajo, Miyagi 9858537, Japan. [Ishikawa, A.; Kato, E.; Sanuki, T.] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Aihara, H.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Shibata, T. -A.; Uchida, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Sumiyoshi, T.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Nitoh, O.] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. [Tamponi, U.] Univ Turin, I-10124 Turin, Italy. [Piilonen, L. E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, CNP, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Farhat, H.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Senyo, K.] Yamagata Univ, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. [Kang, J. H.; Sohn, Y. -S.] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP He, XH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RI Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Uglov, Timofey/B-2406-2014; Mizuk, Roman/B-3751-2014; Chilikin, Kirill/B-4402-2014; EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016; Pakhlova, Galina/C-5378-2014; Solovieva, Elena/B-2449-2014 OI Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Uglov, Timofey/0000-0002-4944-1830; Chilikin, Kirill/0000-0001-7620-2053; Pakhlova, Galina/0000-0001-7518-3022; Solovieva, Elena/0000-0002-5735-4059 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Tau-Lepton Physics Research Center of Nagoya University; Australian Research Council; Australian Department of Industry, Innovation, Science and Research; Austrian Science Fund [P 22742-N16]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [10575109, 10775142, 10825524, 10875115, 10935008, 11175187]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [MSM0021620859]; Carl Zeiss Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; VolkswagenStiftung; Department of Science and Technology of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy; WCU program of the Ministry Education Science and Technology, National Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0029457, 2012-0008143, 2012R1A1A2008330, 2013R1A1A3007772]; BRL program under NRF [KRF-2011-0020333, KRF-20110021196]; BK21 Plus program; GSDC of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Science Center; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Russian Federal Agency for Atomic Energy; Slovenian Research Agency; Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE); UPV/EHU [UFI 11/55]; Swiss National Science Foundation; National Science Council; Ministry of Education of Taiwan; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; MEXT for Science Research in a Priority Area ("New Development of Flavor Physics"); JSPS for Creative Scientific Research ("Evolution of Tau-lepton Physics") FX We thank the KEKB group for the excellent operation of the accelerator; the KEK cryogenics group for the efficient operation of the solenoid; and the KEK computer group, the National Institute of Informatics, and the PNNL/EMSL computing group for valuable computing and SINET4 network support. We acknowledge support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and the Tau-Lepton Physics Research Center of Nagoya University; Australian Research Council and the Australian Department of Industry, Innovation, Science and Research; Austrian Science Fund under Grant No. P 22742-N16; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Contracts No. 10575109, No. 10775142, No. 10825524, No. 10875115, No. 10935008, and No. 11175187; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under Contract No. MSM0021620859; the Carl Zeiss Foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the VolkswagenStiftung; the Department of Science and Technology of India; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy; the WCU program of the Ministry Education Science and Technology, National Research Foundation of Korea Grants No. 2011-0029457, No. 2012-0008143, No. 2012R1A1A2008330, No. 2013R1A1A3007772, BRL program under NRF Grants No. KRF-2011-0020333, No. KRF-20110021196, BK21 Plus program, and GSDC of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Center; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federal Agency for Atomic Energy; the Slovenian Research Agency; the Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE) and the UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/55; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the National Science Council and the Ministry of Education of Taiwan; and the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation. This work is supported by a Grant- in- Aid from MEXT for Science Research in a Priority Area ("New Development of Flavor Physics"), and from JSPS for Creative Scientific Research ("Evolution of Tau-lepton Physics"). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 032003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.032003 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CP UT WOS:000332162700001 ER PT J AU Edlund, EM Ji, H AF Edlund, E. M. Ji, H. TI Nonlinear stability of laboratory quasi-Keplerian flows SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSPORT; CIRCULAR COUETTE-FLOW; ROTATING CYLINDERS; HYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; SUBCRITICAL TRANSITION; ACCRETION DISKS; FLUID; INSTABILITY; LAYERS AB Experiments in a modified Taylor-Couette device, spanning Reynolds numbers of 10(5) to greater than 10(6), reveal the nonlinear stability of astrophysically relevant flows. Nearly ideal rotation, expected in the absence of axial boundaries, is achieved for a narrow range of operating parameters. Departures from optimal control parameters identify centrifugal instability of boundary layers as the primary source of turbulence observed in former experiments. By driving perturbations from a series of jets we demonstrate the robustly quiescent nature of quasi-Keplerian flows, indicating that sustained turbulence does not exist. C1 [Edlund, E. M.; Ji, H.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Edlund, EM (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU Center for Momentum Transport and Flow Organization in Plasmas and Magnetofluids; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Sciences-Fusion Energy Sciences Program [DE-AC02-09CH11466]; Center for Magnetic Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas FX We would like to thank J. Goodman for his valuable comments on the manuscript, and the support of E. Schartman, E. Gilson, and P. Sloboda in performing these studies. This work was supported by the Center for Momentum Transport and Flow Organization in Plasmas and Magnetofluids, the Center for Magnetic Self Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas and the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Sciences-Fusion Energy Sciences Program under Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 021004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.021004 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC0JM UT WOS:000332180600001 PM 25353412 ER PT J AU Johnson, WR Nilsen, J AF Johnson, W. R. Nilsen, J. TI Thomson scattering from a three-component plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB A model for a three-component plasma consisting of two distinct ionic species and electrons is developed and applied to study x-ray Thomson scattering. Ions of a specific type are assumed to be identical and are treated in the average-atom approximation. Given the plasma temperature and density, the model predicts mass densities, effective ionic charges, and cell volumes for each ionic type, together with the plasma chemical potential and free-electron density. Additionally, the average-atom treatment of individual ions provides a quantum-mechanical description of bound and continuum electrons. The model is used to obtain parameters needed to determine the dynamic structure factors for x-ray Thomson scattering from a three-component plasma. The contribution from inelastic scattering by free electrons is evaluated in the random-phase approximation. The contribution from inelastic scattering by bound electrons is evaluated using the bound-state and scattering wave functions obtained from the average-atom calculations. Finally, the partial static structure factors for elastic scattering by ions are evaluated using a two-component version of the Ornstein-Zernike equations with hypernetted chain closure, in which electron-ion interactions are accounted for using screened ion-ion interaction potentials. The model is used to predict the x-ray Thomson scattering spectrum from a CH plasma and the resulting spectrum is compared with experimental results obtained by Feltcher et al. [Phys. Plasmas 20, 056316 (2013)]. C1 [Johnson, W. R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Nilsen, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Johnson, WR (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM johnson@nd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors owe a debt of gratitude to L. Fletcher and S. H. Glenzer for providing the experimental data in Fig. 2. We also thank G. Zimmerman for helping us to understand ion mixtures and K. T. Cheng for helpful discussions. The work of J.N. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 023107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.023107 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC0JM UT WOS:000332180600017 PM 25353586 ER PT J AU Souza, AN Perkins, DJ Starrett, CE Saumon, D Hansen, SB AF Souza, A. N. Perkins, D. J. Starrett, C. E. Saumon, D. Hansen, S. B. TI Predictions of x-ray scattering spectra for warm dense matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID THOMSON SCATTERING; PLASMAS; ATOM AB We present calculations of x-ray scattering spectra based on ionic and electronic structure factors that are computed from a new model for warm dense matter. In this model, which has no free parameters, the ionic structure is determined consistently with the electronic structure of the bound and free states. The x-ray scattering spectrum is thus fully determined by the plasma temperature, density and nuclear charge, and the experimental parameters. The combined model of warm dense matter and of the x-ray scattering theory is validated against an experiment on room-temperature, solid beryllium. It is then applied to experiments on warm dense beryllium and aluminum. Generally good agreement is found with the experiments. However, some significant discrepancies are revealed and appraised. Based on the strength of our model, we discuss the current state of x-ray scattering experiments on warm dense matter and their potential to determine plasma parameters, to discriminate among models, and to reveal interesting and difficult to model physics in dense plasmas. C1 [Souza, A. N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. [Perkins, D. J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Starrett, C. E.; Saumon, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hansen, S. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Souza, AN (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Math, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. EM starrett@lanl.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank H. J. Lee and T. Ma for providing their experimental data and for useful discussions, J. D. Kress for providing the quantum molecular dynamics simulation of aluminum, and K.-U. Plagemann for that of beryllium. We are grateful to J. F. Benage and K. Falk for valuable discussions on WDM experiments and to C. F. Fontes for providing the Dirac-Fock-Slater calculation. This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 023108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.023108 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC0JM UT WOS:000332180600018 PM 25353587 ER PT J AU Clark, KW Zhang, XG Gu, G Park, J He, GW Feenstra, RM Li, AP AF Clark, Kendal W. Zhang, X. -G. Gu, Gong Park, Jewook He, Guowei Feenstra, R. M. Li, An-Ping TI Energy Gap Induced by Friedel Oscillations Manifested as Transport Asymmetry at Monolayer-Bilayer Graphene Boundaries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW X LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING POTENTIOMETRY; ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT; INTERFERENCE AB We show that Friedel charge oscillation near an interface opens a gap at the Fermi energy for electrons with wave vectors perpendicular to the interface. If the Friedel gaps on two sides of the interface are different, a nonequilibrium effect-shifting of these gaps under bias-leads to asymmetric transport upon reversing the bias polarity. The predicted transport asymmetry is revealed by scanning tunneling potentiometry at monolayer-bilayer interfaces in epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001). This intriguing interfacial transport behavior opens a new avenue toward novel quantum functions such as quantum switching. C1 [Clark, Kendal W.; Zhang, X. -G.; Park, Jewook; Li, An-Ping] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Gu, Gong] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [He, Guowei; Feenstra, R. M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Li, AP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM apli@ornl.gov RI Feenstra, Randall/P-2530-2014; Gu, Gong/L-5919-2015; Park, Jewook/N-2856-2015; Li, An-Ping/B-3191-2012; OI Feenstra, Randall/0000-0001-7120-5685; Gu, Gong/0000-0002-3888-1427; Li, An-Ping/0000-0003-4400-7493; He, Guowei/0000-0001-8653-2793 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; ORNL-UTK Joint Institute of Advanced Materials (JIAM); National Science Foundation FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The work was partially supported by the ORNL-UTK Joint Institute of Advanced Materials (JIAM) and the National Science Foundation. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2160-3308 J9 PHYS REV X JI Phys. Rev. X PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 1 AR 011021 DI 10.1103/PhysRevX.4.011021 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AC0BP UT WOS:000332160100001 ER PT J AU Burger, F Feng, X Hotzel, G Jansen, K Petschlies, M Renner, DB AF Burger, Florian Feng, Xu Hotzel, Grit Jansen, Karl Petschlies, Marcus Renner, Dru B. TI Four-flavour leading-order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lattice QCD; Standard Model ID MASS LATTICE QCD; G-2; UPDATE; QUARKS AB We present a four-flavour lattice calculation of the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarisation contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, a(mu)(hvp), arising from quark-connected Feynman graphs. It is based on ensembles featuring N-f = 2+1+1 dynamical twisted mass fermions generated by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC). Several light quark masses are used in order to yield a controlled extrapolation to the physical pion mass. We employ three lattice spacings to examine lattice artefacts and several different volumes to check for finite-size effects. Incorporating the complete first two generations of quarks allows for a direct comparison with phenomenological determinations of a(mu)(hvp). Our final result including an estimate of the systematic uncertainty a(mu)(hvp) = 6.74(21)(18) . 10(-8) shows a good overall agreement with these computations. C1 [Burger, Florian; Hotzel, Grit] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Feng, Xu] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Jansen, Karl] DESY, NIC, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Jansen, Karl] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Petschlies, Marcus] Cyprus Inst, CY-1645 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Renner, Dru B.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Burger, F (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Newtonstr 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. EM burger@physik.hu-berlin.de; pkufengxu@gmail.com; grit.hotzel@physik.hu-berlin.de; karl.jansen@desy.de; m.petschlies@cyi.ac.cy; dru@jlab.org FU DFG Corroborative Research Center [SFB/TR9]; German Academic National Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes e.V.); DFG [GK 1504]; Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation [PiPOSigmaELambdaKYSigmaH/EMPiEIPOSigma/0311/16]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX We thank the European Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC) for generating the gauge field ensembles used in this work and Andreas Ammon for providing us with the information of the matching K- and D-meson masses in the mixed-action setup with their physical values. Special thanks goes to Elena Garcia-Ramos and Krzysztof Cichy for enlightening discussions concerning the O(a) improvement. This work has been supported in part by the DFG Corroborative Research Center SFB/TR9. G. H. gratefully acknowledges the support of the German Academic National Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes e.V.) and of the DFG-funded Graduate School GK 1504. K. J. was supported in part by the Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation under contract Pi PO Sigma E Lambda KY Sigma H/EM Pi EIPO Sigma/0311/16. This manuscript has been coauthored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The numerical computations have been performed on the SGI system HLRN-II at the HLRN Supercomputing Service Berlin-Hannover, FZJ/GCS, BG/P, and BG/Q at FZ-Julich. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 24 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 099 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)099 PG 25 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AB7KJ UT WOS:000331968500004 ER PT J AU Erhart, P Schleife, A Sadigh, B Aberg, D AF Erhart, Paul Schleife, Andre Sadigh, Babak Aberg, Daniel TI Quasiparticle spectra, absorption spectra, and excitonic properties of NaI and SrI2 from many-body perturbation theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCINTILLATOR NON-PROPORTIONALITY; ELECTRON-HOLE EXCITATIONS; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; OPTICAL ABSORPTION; GREENS-FUNCTION; ALKALI HALIDES; BASIS-SET; SEMICONDUCTORS AB We investigate the basic quantum-mechanical processes behind the nonproportional response of scintillators to incident radiation responsible for reduced resolution. For this purpose, we conduct a comparative first-principles study of quasiparticle spectra on the basis of the G(0)W(0) approximation as well as absorption spectra and excitonic properties by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation for two important systems, NaI and SrI2. The former is a standard scintillator material with well-documented nonproportionality, while the latter has recently been found to exhibit a very proportional response. We predict band gaps for NaI and SrI2 of 5.5 and 5.2 eV, respectively, in good agreement with experiment. Furthermore, we obtain binding energies for the ground state excitons of 216 meV for NaI and 195 +/- 25 meV for SrI2. We analyze the degree of exciton anisotropy and spatial extent by means of a coarse-grained electron-hole pair-correlation function. Thereby, it is shown that the excitons in NaI differ strongly from those in SrI2 in terms of structure and symmetry, even if their binding energies are similar. Furthermore, we show that quite unexpectedly the spatial extents of the highly-anisotropic low-energy excitons in SrI2 in fact exceed those in NaI by a factor of two to three in terms of the full width at half maxima of the electron-hole pair-correlation function. C1 [Erhart, Paul] Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Erhart, Paul; Schleife, Andre; Sadigh, Babak; Aberg, Daniel] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Erhart, P (reprint author), Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RI Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011; OI Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061; Aberg, Daniel/0000-0003-4364-9419 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22]; "Areas of Advance - Materials Science" at Chalmers FX We acknowledge fruitful discussions with C. Rodl. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 with support from the National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22). P. E. acknowledges support through the "Areas of Advance - Materials Science" at Chalmers and computer time allocations by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing at NSC (Linkoping) and C3SE (Gothenburg). NR 68 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 7 AR 075132 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.075132 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3HT UT WOS:000332408600002 ER PT J AU Lan, T Li, CW Niedziela, JL Smith, H Abernathy, DL Rossman, GR Fultz, B AF Lan, Tian Li, Chen W. Niedziela, J. L. Smith, Hillary Abernathy, Douglas L. Rossman, George R. Fultz, Brent TI Anharmonic lattice dynamics of Ag2O studied by inelastic neutron scattering and first-principles molecular dynamics simulations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE THERMAL-EXPANSION; PAIR DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; CUPRITE-TYPE STRUCTURES; WAVE BASIS-SET; TEMPERATURE; CU2O; SEMICONDUCTORS; DECOMPOSITION; CRYSTALS AB Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on silver oxide (Ag2O) with the cuprite structure were performed at temperatures from 40 to 400 K, and Fourier transform far-infrared spectra were measured from 100 to 300 K. The measured phonon densities of states and the infrared spectra showed unusually large energy shifts with temperature, and large linewidth broadenings. First principles molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were performed at various temperatures, successfully accounting for the negative thermal expansion (NTE) and local dynamics. Using the Fourier-transformed velocity autocorrelation method, the MD calculations reproduced the large anharmonic effects of Ag2O, and were in excellent agreement with the neutron scattering data. The quasiharmonic approximation (QHA) was less successful in accounting for much of the phonon behavior. The QHA could account for some of the NTE below 250 K, although not at higher temperatures. Strong anharmonic effects were found for both phonons and for the NTE. The lifetime broadenings of Ag2O were explained by anharmonic perturbation theory, which showed rich interactions between the Ag-dominated modes and the O-dominated modes in both up-and down-conversion processes. C1 [Lan, Tian; Smith, Hillary; Fultz, Brent] CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys & Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Li, Chen W.; Niedziela, J. L.; Abernathy, Douglas L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Rossman, George R.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Lan, T (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys & Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM tianlan@caltech.edu RI Li, Chen/D-1542-2010; Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; OI Li, Chen/0000-0002-0758-5334; Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; Rossman, George/0000-0002-4571-6884 FU DOE BES [DE-FG02-03ER46055]; NSF [DMR-0520547]; Scientific User Facilities Division, BES, DOE FX This work was supported by DOE BES under Contract No. DE-FG02-03ER46055. The work benefited from software developed in the DANSE project under NSF Grant No. DMR-0520547. Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's SNS was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, BES, DOE. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 38 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 5 AR 054306 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.054306 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3GN UT WOS:000332404600003 ER PT J AU Orgel, JPRO Persikov, AV Antipova, O AF Orgel, Joseph P. R. O. Persikov, Anton V. Antipova, Olga TI Variation in the Helical Structure of Native Collagen SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; I COLLAGEN; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; TRIPLE-HELIX; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DIFFRACTION PATTERN; UNIT-CELL; X-RAY; CONFORMATION; MODEL AB The structure of collagen has been a matter of curiosity, investigation, and debate for the better part of a century. There has been a particularly productive period recently, during which much progress has been made in better describing all aspects of collagen structure. However, there remain some questions regarding its helical symmetry and its persistence within the triple-helix. Previous considerations of this symmetry have sometimes confused the picture by not fully recognizing that collagen structure is a highly complex and large hierarchical entity, and this affects and is effected by the super-coiled molecules that make it. Nevertheless, the symmetry question is not trite, but of some significance as it relates to extracellular matrix organization and cellular integration. The correlation between helical structure in the context of the molecular packing arrangement determines which parts of the amino acid sequence of the collagen fibril are buried or accessible to the extracellular matrix or the cell. In this study, we concentrate primarily on the triple-helical structure of fibrillar collagens I and II, the two most predominant types. By comparing X-ray diffraction data collected from type I and type II containing tissues, we point to evidence for a range of triple-helical symmetries being extant in the molecules native environment. The possible significance of helical instability, local helix dissociation and molecular packing of the triplehelices is discussed in the context of collagen's supramolecular organization, all of which must affect the symmetry of the collagen triple-helix. C1 [Orgel, Joseph P. R. O.] IIT, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Orgel, Joseph P. R. O.] IIT, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Orgel, Joseph P. R. O.] IIT, Dept Biomed Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Orgel, Joseph P. R. O.; Antipova, Olga] IIT, Pritzker Inst Biomed Sci & Engn, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Orgel, Joseph P. R. O.; Antipova, Olga] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, BioCAT, Lemont, IL USA. [Persikov, Anton V.] Princeton Univ, Lewis Sigler Inst Integrat Genom, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Orgel, JPRO (reprint author), IIT, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM orgel@iit.edu RI ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [W31-109-ENG-38]; National Institutes of Health-supported Research Center [RR-08630]; National Science Foundation [MCB0644015 CAREER]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF 09-1-0378] FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under contract No. W31-109-ENG-38. BioCAT is a National Institutes of Health-supported Research Center (RR-08630). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This work was also supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant #MCB0644015 CAREER) and this material is based upon work supported by, or in part by, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.S. Army Research Office under contract/grant number W911NF 09-1-0378. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e89519 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089519 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB6EP UT WOS:000331880700057 PM 24586843 ER PT J AU Kalinina, EA Klise, KA McKenna, SA Hadgu, T Lowry, TS AF Kalinina, Elena A. Klise, Katherine A. McKenna, Sean A. Hadgu, Teklu Lowry, Thomas S. TI Applications of fractured continuum model to enhanced geothermal system heat extraction problems SO SPRINGERPLUS LA English DT Article DE Geothermal reservoir simulation; Enhanced geothermal systems; Heat extraction: Fracture network; Anisotropic permeability; Fractured continuum model; Geostatistical simulations AB This paper describes the applications of the fractured continuum model to the different enhanced geothermal systems reservoir conditions. The capability of the fractured continuum model to generate fracture characteristics expected in enhanced geothermal systems reservoir environments are demonstrated for single and multiple sets of fractures. Fracture characteristics are defined by fracture strike, dip, spacing, and aperture. The paper demonstrates how the fractured continuum model can be extended to represent continuous fractured features, such as long fractures, and the conditions in which the fracture density varies within the different depth intervals. Simulations of heat transport using different fracture settings were compared with regard to their heat extraction effectiveness. The best heat extraction was obtained in the case when fractures were horizontal. A conventional heat extraction scheme with vertical wells was compared to an alternative scheme with horizontal wells. The heat extraction with the horizontal wells was significantly better than with the vertical wells when the injector was at the bottom. C1 [Kalinina, Elena A.; Klise, Katherine A.; Hadgu, Teklu; Lowry, Thomas S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [McKenna, Sean A.] IBM Res, Smarter Cities Technol Ctr, Dublin 15, Ireland. RP Kalinina, EA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM eakalin@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2193-1801 J9 SPRINGERPLUS JI SpringerPlus PD FEB 24 PY 2014 VL 3 AR 110 DI 10.1186/2193-1801-3-110 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CO1YG UT WOS:000358951600002 PM 24600552 ER PT J AU Mincher, BJ Schmitt, NC Tillotson, RD Elias, G White, BM Law, JD AF Mincher, Bruce J. Schmitt, Nicholas C. Tillotson, Richard D. Elias, Gracy White, Byron M. Law, Jack D. TI CHARACTERIZING DIAMYLAMYLPHOSPHONATE (DAAP) AS AN AMERICIUM LIGAND FOR NUCLEAR FUEL-CYCLE APPLICATIONS SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE LA English DT Article DE DAAP; fuel cycle; lanthanides; oxidized Am; sodium bismuthate; solvent extraction ID EXTRACTION; SEPARATION; SOLVENT; URANIUM AB Successful deployment of the currently-envisioned advanced nuclear fuel cycle requires the development of a partitioning scheme to separate Am from the lanthanides. The Am/lanthanide separation is challenging since all the metals are normally trivalent and have similar ionic radii. Oxidation of Am to higher oxidation states is one option to achieve such a separation. Hexavalent Am has now been routinely prepared in our laboratory in strongly acidic solution using sodium bismuthate as the oxidant, and then extracted into diamylamylphosphonate/dodecane solution. Here, we have characterized this phosphonate-containing solvent with regard to the extraction of Am, the lanthanides, Cm, other fission product, and/or inert constituents expected in dissolved nuclear fuel. Additionally, the effects of irradiation on dispersion numbers and the phosphonate concentration were investigated. C1 [Mincher, Bruce J.; Tillotson, Richard D.; Law, Jack D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Schmitt, Nicholas C.; Elias, Gracy; White, Byron M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Chem & Radiat Measurements Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Mincher, BJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM bruce.mincher@inl.gov RI Mincher, Bruce/C-7758-2017; OI Law, Jack/0000-0001-7085-7542 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0736-6299 EI 1532-2262 J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. PD FEB 23 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 153 EP 166 DI 10.1080/07366299.2013.850288 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 295GN UT WOS:000330104700003 ER PT J AU Mincher, BJ Mezyk, SP Elias, G Groenewold, GS LaVerne, JA Nilsson, M Pearson, J Schmitt, NC Tillotson, RD Olson, LG AF Mincher, Bruce J. Mezyk, Stephen P. Elias, Gracy Groenewold, Gary S. LaVerne, Jay A. Nilsson, Mikael Pearson, Jeremy Schmitt, Nicholas C. Tillotson, Richard D. Olson, Lonnie G. TI THE RADIATION CHEMISTRY OF CMPO: PART 2. ALPHA RADIOLYSIS SO SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE LA English DT Article DE CMPO; free radicals; alpha irradiation; solvent extraction ID SOLVENT AB Octylphenyl-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) dissolved in dodecane was subjected to -irradiation using a He-ion beam, (244) Cm isotopic -rays, and He and Li ions created by the n, reaction of B-10 in a nuclear reactor. Post-irradiation samples were analyzed for the radiolytically-induced decrease in CMPO concentration, the appearance of degradation products, and their Am solvent extraction distribution ratios. The -G(CMPO)-value for the radiolytic degradation of CMPO was found to be very low compared to values previously reported for -irradiation. Additionally, isotopic irradiation to absorbed -doses as high as 600 kGy in aerated solution had no effect on Am solvent extraction or stripping. The main CMPO radiolysis products identified in He-ion beam irradiated samples by ESI-MS include amides, an acidic amide, and amines produced by bond rupture on either side of the CMPO carbonyl group. Deaerated samples irradiated using the reactor in the absence of an aqueous phase, or with a dilute nitric acid aqueous phase showed small but measurable decreases in CMPO concentration with increasing absorbed doses. Higher concentrations of nitric acid resulted in lower decomposition rates for the CMPO. The radio-protection by dissolved oxygen and nitric acid previously found for -irradiated CMPO also occurs for -irradiation. This suggests that similar free-radical mechanisms operate in the high-LET system, but with lower degradation yields due to the lower overall radical concentrations produced. C1 [Mincher, Bruce J.; Tillotson, Richard D.; Olson, Lonnie G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Mezyk, Stephen P.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Chem & Biochem, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Elias, Gracy; Groenewold, Gary S.; Olson, Lonnie G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Chem & Radiat Measurements Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [LaVerne, Jay A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Nilsson, Mikael; Pearson, Jeremy] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA USA. RP Mincher, BJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM bruce.mincher@inl.gov RI Mincher, Bruce/C-7758-2017 FU DOE-NEUP [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, United States Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER15533] FX This work was supported under a DOE-NEUP grant and Fuel Cycle R&D programmatic funding, both under Idaho Operations Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. The research of JAL as described herein was supported through the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, United States Department of Energy through grant number DE-FC02-04ER15533. This is contribution number NDRL 4976 from the Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0736-6299 EI 1532-2262 J9 SOLVENT EXTR ION EXC JI Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. PD FEB 23 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 167 EP 178 DI 10.1080/07366299.2013.850300 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 295GN UT WOS:000330104700004 ER PT J AU Leducq, JB Charron, G Samani, P Dube, AK Sylvester, K James, B Almeida, P Sampaio, JP Hittinger, CT Bell, G Landry, CR AF Leducq, Jean-Baptiste Charron, Guillaume Samani, Pedram Dube, Alexandre K. Sylvester, Kayla James, Brielle Almeida, Pedro Sampaio, Jose Paulo Hittinger, Chris Todd Bell, Graham Landry, Christian R. TI Local climatic adaptation in a widespread microorganism SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Saccharomyces paradoxus; climate adaptation; global warming; temperature-dependent fitness; freeze-thaw survival ID YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-PARADOXUS; POPULATION GENOMICS; THERMAL TOLERANCE; CEREVISIAE; EVOLUTION; LIMITS; TREES AB Exploring the ability of organisms to locally adapt is critical for determining the outcome of rapid climate changes, yet few studies have addressed this question in microorganisms. We investigated the role of a heterogeneous climate on adaptation of North American populations of the wild yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus. We found abundant among-strain variation for fitness components across a range of temperatures, but this variation was only partially explained by climatic variation in the distribution area. Most of fitness variation was explained by the divergence of genetically distinct groups, distributed along a north-south cline, suggesting that these groups have adapted to distinct climatic conditions. Within-group fitness components were correlated with climatic conditions, illustrating that even ubiquitous microorganisms locally adapt and harbour standing genetic variation for climate-related traits. Our results suggest that global climatic changes could lead to adaptation to new conditions within groups, or changes in their geographical distributions. C1 [Leducq, Jean-Baptiste; Charron, Guillaume; Dube, Alexandre K.; Landry, Christian R.] Univ Laval, Inst Biol Integrat & Syst, PROTEO, Dept Biol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Samani, Pedram; Bell, Graham] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Sylvester, Kayla; James, Brielle; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Wisconsin Energy Inst, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Lab Genet,Genet Biotechnol Ctr 2434, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Almeida, Pedro; Sampaio, Jose Paulo] Univ Nova Lisboa, Ctr Recursos Microbiol, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Ciencias Vida, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. RP Leducq, JB (reprint author), Univ Laval, Inst Biol Integrat & Syst, PROTEO, Dept Biol, Pavillon Charles Eugene Marchand,1030 Ave Med, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. EM jean-baptiste.leducq.1@ulaval.ca; christian.landry@bio.ulaval.ca RI Sampaio, Jose Paulo/C-5532-2011; OI Almeida, Pedro/0000-0001-6790-8687; Sampaio, Jose/0000-0001-8145-5274 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Human Frontier Science Programme (HFSP) [RGY0073/2010]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1253634]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; FCT (Portugal) [SFRH/BD/77390/2011, PEST/OE/BIA/UI0457/2011, PTDC/BIA-EVF/118618/2010, PTDC/AGR-ALI/118590/2010]; Fonds de Recherche en Sante du Quebec (FRSQ); PROTEO graduate student scholarship; Fonds de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies du Quebec (FQRNT) FX This work was supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) discovery grant to C. R. L. and partly by a Human Frontier Science Programme (HFSP) grant RGY0073/2010. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. DEB-1253634 to C. T. H. and funded in part by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). J.P.S. was supported by FCT (Portugal) grant nos. SFRH/BD/77390/2011 (P. A.) and PEST/OE/BIA/UI0457/2011, PTDC/BIA-EVF/118618/2010, PTDC/AGR-ALI/118590/2010. J.-B.L. was supported by a fellowship from the Fonds de Recherche en Sante du Quebec (FRSQ). G. C. was supported by a PROTEO graduate student scholarship. P. S. was supported by a fellowship from the Fonds de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies du Quebec (FQRNT). NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 40 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD FEB 22 PY 2014 VL 281 IS 1777 AR 20132472 DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.2472 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AC2YK UT WOS:000332382000010 PM 24403328 ER PT J AU Ruggles, A Kelman, J AF Ruggles, Adam Kelman, James TI A GAS TURBINE COMBUSTOR FOR INSTABILITY RESEARCH AND LES VALIDATION: METHODS AND MEAN RESULTS SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE High speed diagnostics; Gas turbine instabilities; Stereo particle imaging velocimetry; LES validation; Model combustor ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; MODEL COMBUSTOR; VORTEX BREAKDOWN; HEAT RELEASE; SWIRL FLAME; ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS; PULSED SYSTEMS; FLOW; DYNAMICS AB A novel atmospheric swirl stabilized dump combustor to facilitate instability investigations and the acquisition of validation and boundary condition data for large eddy simulation has been investigated when artificially perturbed. Combustor features include the capabilities of imposing pressure perturbations upon the premixed flow, preheating the reactant mixture up to 400 degrees C, and introducing dilution air into the chamber. The combustor design is presented in detail. A fully premixed methane/air mixture of equivalence ratio 0.8 and mass flow of 20mgs(-1) perturbed at 100Hz, 200Hz, and 400Hz was investigated in significant detail and the analysis completed. A full description of the high speed phase locked CH chemiluminescence and stereo particle imaging velocimetry used to characterize the unsteady reacting fields, flow fields, and vortex breakdown is given. The ensemble average results presented reveal changes in flame structure with frequency. These were attributed to the upstream movement of the toroidal vortex ring within the internal recirculation zone. C1 [Ruggles, Adam; Kelman, James] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ruggles, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ajruggl@sandia.gov NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 EI 1563-521X J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 186 IS 3 BP 313 EP 331 DI 10.1080/00102202.2013.861829 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AB3KW UT WOS:000331690700004 ER PT J AU Reboredo, FA Kim, J AF Reboredo, Fernando A. Kim, Jeongnim TI Generalizing the self-healing diffusion Monte Carlo approach to finite temperature: A path for the optimization of low-energy many-body bases SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; STOCHASTIC METHOD; DENSITY; SYSTEMS; SIMULATIONS; ERRORS; STATE; GAS AB A statistical method is derived for the calculation of thermodynamic properties of many-body systems at low temperatures. This method is based on the self-healing diffusion Monte Carlo method for complex functions [F. A. Reboredo, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 204101 (2012)] and some ideas of the correlation function Monte Carlo approach [D. M. Ceperley and B. Bernu, J. Chem. Phys. 89, 6316 (1988)]. In order to allow the evolution in imaginary time to describe the density matrix, we remove the fixed-node restriction using complex antisymmetric guiding wave functions. In the process we obtain a parallel algorithm that optimizes a small subspace of the many-body Hilbert space to provide maximum overlap with the subspace spanned by the lowest-energy eigenstates of a many-body Hamiltonian. We show in a model system that the partition function is progressively maximized within this subspace. We show that the subspace spanned by the small basis systematically converges towards the subspace spanned by the lowest energy eigenstates. Possible applications of this method for calculating the thermodynamic properties of many-body systems near the ground state are discussed. The resulting basis can also be used to accelerate the calculation of the ground or excited states with quantum Monte Carlo. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Reboredo, Fernando A.; Kim, Jeongnim] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Reboredo, FA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX The authors would like to thank J. Krogel and P. R. C. Kent for a critical reading of the paper and discussions. Research supported by the (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 7 AR 074103 DI 10.1063/1.4861222 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AB8KV UT WOS:000332039900004 PM 24559334 ER PT J AU Seidel, GM Ito, TM Ghosh, A Sethumadhavan, B AF Seidel, G. M. Ito, T. M. Ghosh, A. Sethumadhavan, B. TI Charge distribution about an ionizing electron track in liquid helium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; HOT-ELECTRONS; IONIZATION; ATOMS; GAS; RECOMBINATION; SCATTERING; MOBILITY AB The dependence on an applied electric field of the ionization current produced by an energetic electron stopped in liquid helium can be used to determine the spatial distribution of secondary electrons with respect to their geminate partners. An analytic expression relating the current and distribution is derived. The distribution is found to be non-Gaussian with a long tail at larger distances. C1 [Seidel, G. M.; Ghosh, A.; Sethumadhavan, B.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Ito, T. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Seidel, GM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM george_seidel@brown.edu; ito@lanl.gov RI ghosh, ambarish/C-2042-2008; OI Ito, Takeyasu/0000-0003-3494-6796 FU US Department of Energy; National Science Foundation FX We appreciate helpful conversations with Y. H. Huang, B. Marston, H. Maris, and W. Guo. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 025808 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.89.025808 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA AC0DW UT WOS:000332166000006 ER PT J AU Lin, CSH Chao, SY Hammel, M Nix, JC Tseng, HL Tsou, CC Fei, CH Chiou, HS Jeng, US Lin, YS Chuang, WJ Wu, JJ Wang, SY AF Lin, Chang Sheng-Huei Chao, Shi-Yu Hammel, Michal Nix, Jay C. Tseng, Hsiao-Ling Tsou, Chih-Cheng Fei, Chun-Hsien Chiou, Huo-Sheng Jeng, U-Ser Lin, Yee-Shin Chuang, Woei-Jer Wu, Jiunn-Jong Wang, Shuying TI Distinct Structural Features of the Peroxide Response Regulator from Group A Streptococcus Drive DNA Binding SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; IRON HOMEOSTASIS; PYOGENES; PERR; FUR; VIRULENCE AB Group A streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) is a strict human pathogen that causes severe, invasive diseases. GAS does not produce catalase, but has an ability to resist killing by reactive oxygen species (ROS) through novel mechanisms. The peroxide response regulator (PerR), a member of ferric uptake regulator (Fur) family, plays a key role for GAS to cope with oxidative stress by regulating the expression of multiple genes. Our previous studies have found that expression of an iron-binding protein, Dpr, is under the direct control of PerR. To elucidate the molecular interactions of PerR with its cognate promoter, we have carried out structural studies on PerR and PerR-DNA complex. By combining crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we confirmed that the determined PerR crystal structure reflects its conformation in solution. Through mutagenesis and biochemical analysis, we have identified DNA-binding residues suggesting that PerR binds to the dpr promoter at the per box through a winged-helix motif. Furthermore, we have performed SAXS analysis and resolved the molecular architecture of PerR-DNA complex, in which two 30 bp DNA fragments wrap around two PerR homodimers by interacting with the adjacent positively-charged winged-helix motifs. Overall, we provide structural insights into molecular recognition of DNA by PerR and define the hollow structural arrangement of PerR-30bpDNA complex, which displays a unique topology distinct from currently proposed DNA-binding models for Fur family regulators. C1 [Lin, Chang Sheng-Huei; Chao, Shi-Yu; Tseng, Hsiao-Ling; Tsou, Chih-Cheng; Fei, Chun-Hsien; Chiou, Huo-Sheng; Lin, Yee-Shin; Wang, Shuying] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Hammel, Michal] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nix, Jay C.; Wu, Jiunn-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Mol Biol Consortium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tseng, Hsiao-Ling; Tsou, Chih-Cheng; Lin, Yee-Shin; Wang, Shuying] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Ctr Infect Dis & Signaling Res, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Jeng, U-Ser] Natl Synchrotron Radiat Res Ctr, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Chuang, Woei-Jer] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Wu, Jiunn-Jong] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. RP Wu, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Mol Biol Consortium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sswang23@mail.ncku.edu.tw; jjwu@mail.ncku.edu.tw RI Wu, Jiunn-Jong/E-6075-2011 FU NSC [1/2897-2311-B-006-006, 98-2311-B-006-004-MY3]; NIH MINOS [R01GM105404] FX This work was supported by NSC 1/2897-2311-B-006-006 and NSC 98-2311-B-006-004-MY3 to SW and NIH MINOS R01GM105404 to MH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e89027 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089027 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB3VI UT WOS:000331717900044 ER PT J AU Terzic, B Deitrick, K Hofler, AS Krafft, GA AF Terzic, Balsa Deitrick, Kirsten Hofler, Alicia S. Krafft, Geoffrey A. TI Narrow-Band Emission in Thomson Sources Operating in the High-Field Regime SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON-LASER; LIGHT-SOURCE AB We present a novel and quite general analysis of the interaction of a high-field chirped laser pulse and a relativistic electron, in which exquisite control of the spectral brilliance of the up-shifted Thomson-scattered photon is shown to be possible. Normally, when Thomson scattering occurs at high field strengths, there is ponderomotive line broadening in the scattered radiation. This effect makes the bandwidth too large for some applications and reduces the spectral brilliance. We show that such broadening can be corrected and eliminated by suitable frequency modulation of the incident laser pulse. Furthermore, we suggest a practical realization of this compensation idea in terms of a chirped-beam-driven free electron laser oscillator configuration and show that significant compensation can occur, even with the imperfect matching to be expected in these conditions. C1 [Terzic, Balsa; Hofler, Alicia S.; Krafft, Geoffrey A.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Terzic, Balsa; Deitrick, Kirsten; Krafft, Geoffrey A.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Accelerator Sci, Norfolk, VA 23539 USA. RP Terzic, B (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM terzic@jlab.org FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; DOE [DE-SC00004094] FX Discussions with S. Benson and D. Douglas are gratefully acknowledged, who assured us that FEL laser pulse chirping could be accomplished by electron beam chirping. S. Benson provided references on early work in FEL tapering. R. Ruth provided information on the work at Lyncean Technologies. In addition, fruitful interactions with I. Ghebregziabher and D. Umstadter are acknowledged. They graciously consented to our Fig. 3 as being reported as qualitatively and quantitatively similar to their Fig. 6 of Ref. [11], even though somewhat different models were used to generate the two figures. Our communications with G. P. Williams, M. Tiefenback, and S. Corneliussen were very helpful. We are thankful to J. Griffin for her help in generating our Fig. 1. This Letter is authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, under U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U. S. Government purposes. K. D. is supported by DOE Contract No. DE-SC00004094. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 074801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.074801 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7GC UT WOS:000331956500009 PM 24579606 ER PT J AU Liu, ZK Zhou, B Zhang, Y Wang, ZJ Weng, HM Prabhakaran, D Mo, SK Shen, ZX Fang, Z Dai, X Hussain, Z Chen, YL AF Liu, Z. K. Zhou, B. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. J. Weng, H. M. Prabhakaran, D. Mo, S-K Shen, Z. X. Fang, Z. Dai, X. Hussain, Z. Chen, Y. L. TI Discovery of a Three-Dimensional Topological Dirac Semimetal, Na3Bi SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INSULATORS; GRAPHENE; PHASE AB Three-dimensional (3D) topological Dirac semimetals (TDSs) represent an unusual state of quantum matter that can be viewed as "3D graphene." In contrast to 2D Dirac fermions in graphene or on the surface of 3D topological insulators, TDSs possess 3D Dirac fermions in the bulk. By investigating the electronic structure of Na3Bi with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we detected 3D Dirac fermions with linear dispersions along all momentum directions. Furthermore, we demonstrated the robustness of 3D Dirac fermions in Na3Bi against in situ surface doping. Our results establish Na3Bi as a model system for 3D TDSs, which can serve as an ideal platform for the systematic study of quantum phase transitions between rich topological quantum states. C1 [Liu, Z. K.; Shen, Z. X.] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Zhou, B.; Prabhakaran, D.; Chen, Y. L.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Zhou, B.; Zhang, Y.; Mo, S-K; Hussain, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wang, Z. J.; Weng, H. M.; Fang, Z.; Dai, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Wang, Z. J.; Weng, H. M.; Fang, Z.; Dai, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Weng, H. M.; Fang, Z.; Dai, X.] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Quantum Matter, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chen, Y. L.] Diamond Light Source, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Chen, Y. L.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RP Chen, YL (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM yulin.chen@physics.ox.ac.uk RI Zhang, Yi/J-9025-2013; Weng, Hongming/F-2948-2011; Dai, Xi/C-4236-2008; Mo, Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013; Wang, Zhijun/O-8015-2014; Fang, Zhong/D-4132-2009 OI Zhang, Yi/0000-0003-1204-8717; Weng, Hongming/0000-0001-8021-9413; Dai, Xi/0000-0003-0538-1829; Mo, Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514; Wang, Zhijun/0000-0003-2169-8068; FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) [EP/K04074X/1]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) MESO project [N66001-11-1-4105]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; NSF of China; National Basic Research Program of China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China FX We thank X. L. Qi and Z. Wang for insightful discussions, S. Clarke and J. Wright for help in sample synthesis, and P. Han and R. Yang for help with data analysis. Y.L.C. and B. Z. acknowledge support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) grant EP/K04074X/1 and a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) MESO project (no. N66001-11-1-4105). Z. K. L. and Z. X. S. acknowledge support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. Z. F., X. D., and H. M. W. acknowledge support by the NSF of China, the National Basic Research Program of China, and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China. The experiments were performed, and data were collected, at Beamline 10.0.1 of the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA. NR 28 TC 412 Z9 414 U1 61 U2 422 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6173 BP 864 EP 867 DI 10.1126/science.1245085 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB1LG UT WOS:000331552600040 PM 24436183 ER PT J AU Akey, DL Brown, WC Dutta, S Konwerski, J Jose, J Jurkiw, TJ DelProposto, J Ogata, CM Skiniotis, G Kuhn, RJ Smith, JL AF Akey, David L. Brown, W. Clay Dutta, Somnath Konwerski, Jamie Jose, Joyce Jurkiw, Thomas J. DelProposto, James Ogata, Craig M. Skiniotis, Georgios Kuhn, Richard J. Smith, Janet L. TI Flavivirus NS1 Structures Reveal Surfaces for Associations with Membranes and the Immune System SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN NS1; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; RNA REPLICATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; COMMON EPITOPES; INFECTED-CELLS; PATHOGENESIS; BIOLOGY; BINDING AB Flaviviruses, the human pathogens responsible for dengue fever, West Nile fever, tick-borne encephalitis, and yellow fever, are endemic in tropical and temperate parts of the world. The flavivirus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) functions in genome replication as an intracellular dimer and in immune system evasion as a secreted hexamer. We report crystal structures for full-length, glycosylated NS1 from West Nile and dengue viruses. The NS1 hexamer in crystal structures is similar to a solution hexamer visualized by single-particle electron microscopy. Recombinant NS1 binds to lipid bilayers and remodels large liposomes into lipoprotein nanoparticles. The NS1 structures reveal distinct domains for membrane association of the dimer and interactions with the immune system and are a basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of NS1 function. C1 [Akey, David L.; Brown, W. Clay; Dutta, Somnath; Konwerski, Jamie; Jurkiw, Thomas J.; DelProposto, James; Skiniotis, Georgios; Smith, Janet L.] Univ Michigan, Inst Life Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Jose, Joyce; Kuhn, Richard J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ogata, Craig M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, GM CA APS, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Skiniotis, Georgios; Smith, Janet L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kuhn, Richard J.] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Smith, JL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Inst Life Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM janetsmith@umich.edu FU NIH [P01AI055672]; Martha L. Ludwig Professorship of Protein Structure and Function; Pew Scholar Program in Biomedical Sciences; Perrigo Undergraduate Summer Fellowship; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [Y1-GM-1104]; National Cancer Institute [Y1-CO-1020] FX We thank D. Raymond for characterization of initial crystals, G. Dodge for assistance with protein purification and crystallization, and A. Dosey for assistance with EM. This work was supported by a grant from the NIH (P01AI055672) to R.J.K. and J.L.S., the Martha L. Ludwig Professorship of Protein Structure and Function to J.L.S., the Pew Scholar Program in Biomedical Sciences to G. S., and a Perrigo Undergraduate Summer Fellowship to T.J.J. Beamlines of GM/CA @ APS were supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences ("GM," Y1-GM-1104) and the National Cancer Institute ("CA," Y1-CO-1020). Atomic coordinates and structure factor files have been deposited in the RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB) under the accession codes 4O6B for DEN2 NS1, 4O6C for WNV NS1 crystal form 2, and 4O6D for WNV NS1 crystal form 1. J.L.S., D. L. A., W. C. B., and R.J.K. are inventors on a patent application filed by The University of Michigan in collaboration with Purdue University on four uses of the NS1 three-dimensional structure (development of flavivirus vaccines, antiviral drugs, antibody diagnostics, or liposome-based NS1-membrane interaction assays) and on the method of production of recombinant NS1. NR 27 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 6 U2 46 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6173 BP 881 EP 885 DI 10.1126/science.1247749 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB1LG UT WOS:000331552600045 PM 24505133 ER PT J AU Govind, N de Jong, WA AF Govind, Niranjan de Jong, Wibe A. TI Simulating Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy in MCl6 (2-) (M = U, Np, Pu) complexes and UOCl5 (-) using time-dependent density functional theory SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS LA English DT Article DE Actinides; Plutonium; Uranium; Neptunium; K-edge; Chlorine; X-ray absorption; Spectroscopy; XAS; XANES ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; SPECTRA; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; APPROXIMATION; COVALENCY; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE; STATES AB We report simulations of the X-ray absorption near edge structure at the Cl K-edge of actinide hexahalides MCl6 (2-) (M = U, Np, Pu) and the UOCl5 (-) complex using linear response time-dependent density functional theory extended for core excitations. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first calculations of the Cl K-edge spectra of NpCl6 (2-) and PuCl6 (2-). In addition, the spectra are simulated with and without the environmental effects of the host crystal as well as ab initio molecular dynamics to capture the dynamical effects due to atomic motion. The calculated spectra are compared with experimental results, where available and the observed trends are discussed. C1 [Govind, Niranjan; de Jong, Wibe A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Govind, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM niri.govind@pnl.gov; wadejong@lbl.gov RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008 OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315 FU BES Heavy Element Chemistry program in the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; US Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO-1830] FX This research was funded by the BES Heavy Element Chemistry program in the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. All the calculations were performed using the Molecular Science Computing Capability at EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the US Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO-1830. Discussions with and access to unpublished UOCl5 structural data from Stosh Kozimor (LANL) are gratefully acknowledged. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-881X EI 1432-2234 J9 THEOR CHEM ACC JI Theor. Chem. Acc. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 133 IS 4 AR 1463 DI 10.1007/s00214-014-1463-z PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AB6OL UT WOS:000331909100001 ER PT J AU Yang, N Doria, S Kumar, A Jang, JH Arruda, TM Tebano, A Jesse, S Ivanov, IN Baddorf, AP Strelcov, E Licoccia, S Borisevich, AY Balestrino, G Kalinin, SV AF Yang, Nan Doria, Sandra Kumar, Amit Jang, Jae Hyuck Arruda, Thomas M. Tebano, Antonello Jesse, Stephen Ivanov, Ilia N. Baddorf, Arthur P. Strelcov, Evgheni Licoccia, Silvia Borisevich, Albina Y. Balestrino, Giuseppe Kalinin, Sergei V. TI Water-mediated electrochemical nano-writing on thin ceria films SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fuel cell; scanning probe microscopy; nano-writing ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; FORCE MICROSCOPY; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; SILICON SURFACES; OXYGEN VACANCIES; OXIDATION; BATTERIES; LI AB Bias dependent mechanisms of irreversible cathodic and anodic processes on a pure CeO2 film are studied using modified atomic force microscopy (AFM). For a moderate positive bias applied to the AFM tip an irreversible electrochemical reduction reaction is found, associated with significant local volume expansion. By changing the experimental conditions we are able to deduce the possible role of water in this process. Simultaneous detection of tip height and current allows the onset of conductivity and the electrochemical charge transfer process to be separated, further elucidating the reaction mechanism. The standard anodic/cathodic behavior is recovered in the high bias regime, where a sizable transport current flows between the tip and the film. These studies give insight into the mechanisms of the tip-induced electrochemical reactions as mediated by electronic currents, and into the role of water in these processes, as well as providing a different approach for electrochemical nano-writing. C1 [Yang, Nan; Doria, Sandra; Tebano, Antonello; Licoccia, Silvia; Balestrino, Giuseppe] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, NAST Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, Nan; Tebano, Antonello; Balestrino, Giuseppe] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, CNR SPIN, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yang, Nan; Tebano, Antonello; Balestrino, Giuseppe] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept DICII, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Kumar, Amit; Arruda, Thomas M.; Jesse, Stephen; Ivanov, Ilia N.; Baddorf, Arthur P.; Strelcov, Evgheni; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jang, Jae Hyuck; Borisevich, Albina Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Licoccia, Silvia] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Chem Sci & Technol, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Yang, N (reprint author), Univ Roma Tor Vergata, NAST Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM nan.yang@uniroma2.it; sergei2@ornl.gov RI Kumar, Amit/C-9662-2012; Borisevich, Albina/B-1624-2009; Strelcov, Evgheni/H-1654-2013; ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016; OI Kumar, Amit/0000-0002-1194-5531; Borisevich, Albina/0000-0002-3953-8460; ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382; TEBANO, ANTONELLO/0000-0002-0229-671X FU META-Materials Enhancement for Technological Applications Project (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES-Marie Curie Actions) [PIRSES-GA-2010-269182]; Italian MIUR through the FIRB Project [RBAP115AYN]; Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department of Energy FX NY greatly acknowledges Dr Carmela Aruta for important discussions on the interpretation of the data. The authors acknowledge META-Materials Enhancement for Technological Applications Project (FP7-PEOPLE-2010-IRSES-Marie Curie Actions, PIRSES-GA-2010-269182) and Italian MIUR through the FIRB Project RBAP115AYN 'Oxides at the nanoscale: multifunctionality and applications'. The research at ORNL was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department of Energy. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 51 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 EI 1361-6528 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 25 IS 7 AR 075701 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/25/7/075701 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AA5KM UT WOS:000331137200008 PM 24451184 ER PT J AU Hugle, T Mocko, M Hartl, MA Daemen, LL Muhrer, G AF Huegle, Th. Mocko, M. Hartl, M. A. Daemen, L. L. Muhrer, G. TI Triphenylmethane, a possible moderator material SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Neutron scattering; Neutron moderator; Scattering kernel ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING-CENTER; HYDROGEN MODERATOR; CONVERSION AB New challenges in neutron scattering result in an increased demand in novel moderator concepts. The most direct way to address the problem would be to change the moderator material itself. However the range of available neutron moderator materials is small. In this paper, we discuss triphenylmethane, a possible moderator material especially promising for cold neutron moderator applications. Our investigations include a parallel experimental and theoretical approach ranging from cross-section measurements and inelastic neutron spectroscopy to molecular modeling. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved, C1 [Huegle, Th.; Mocko, M.; Hartl, M. A.; Daemen, L. L.; Muhrer, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hugle, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM huegle@lanl.gov RI Hartl, Monika/F-3094-2014; Hartl, Monika/N-4586-2016; OI Hartl, Monika/0000-0002-6601-7273; Hartl, Monika/0000-0002-6601-7273; Huegle, Thomas/0000-0002-7762-1302; Mocko, Michael/0000-0003-0447-4687 FU Readiness in Technical Base and Facilities (RTBF); Department of Energy's Office of National Nuclear Security Administration; Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported by Readiness in Technical Base and Facilities (RTBF) which is funded by the Department of Energy's Office of National Nuclear Security Administration. It has benefited from the use of the Manuel Lujan, Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract no. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.063 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000001 ER PT J AU Anassontzis, EG Ioannou, P Kourkoumelis, C Vasileiadis, G Voulgaris, G Kappos, E Beattie, T Krueger, S Lolos, GJ Papandreou, Z Semenov, AY Frye, J Leckey, J Shepherd, MR Bogart, T Lawrence, D Smith, ES AF Anassontzis, E. G. Ioannou, P. Kourkoumelis, C. Vasileiadis, G. Voulgaris, G. Kappos, E. Beattie, T. Krueger, S. Lolos, G. J. Papandreou, Z. Semenov, A. Yu. Frye, J. Leckey, J. Shepherd, M. R. Bogart, T. Lawrence, D. Smith, E. S. TI Relative gain monitoring of the GlueX calorimeters SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Gain monitoring; LED; Multi photon pixel counter; Lead glass calorimeter; Sampling calorimeter ID BARREL CALORIMETER; SCINTILLATING FIBERS; SPECTRAL RESPONSE; PERFORMANCE AB The relative gain of the photocletectors for the GlueX Barrel and Forward calorimeters will be monitored using modular LED driver systems. The BCAL system consists of a global controller that feeds power, bias voltage and trigger signals to 96 local controllers situated at the ends of the 48 BCAL modules, which drive 40 LEDs associated with the 40 light guides at the end of each module. The FCAL system consists also of a global controller, a local controller for each acrylic quadrant covering the face of the FCAL, and ten 4-LED pulser boards per local controller connected in a star configuration along the edges of the acrylic panes. The respective systems are currently being installed on the detectors and their tested performance is presented herein. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Anassontzis, E. G.; Ioannou, P.; Kourkoumelis, C.; Vasileiadis, G.; Voulgaris, G.] Natl & Kapodestrian Univ Athens, Athens 15771, Greece. [Kappos, E.] Symmetron Elect Applicat, Gerakas 15344, Greece. [Beattie, T.; Krueger, S.; Lolos, G. J.; Papandreou, Z.; Semenov, A. Yu.] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Frye, J.; Leckey, J.; Shepherd, M. R.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Bogart, T.; Lawrence, D.; Smith, E. S.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Kourkoumelis, C (reprint author), Natl & Kapodestrian Univ Athens, Athens 15771, Greece. EM hkourkou@phys.uoa.gr; zisis@icloud.com OI Vasileiadis, Georgios/0000-0003-4335-7854; Papandreou, Zisis/0000-0002-5592-8135 FU Jefferson Science Associates, LLC; U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; DOE Office of Nuclear Physics at Indiana University [DE-FG02-05ER41374]; NSERC at the University of Regina [SAPJ-326516] FX This work was supported by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, who operates Jefferson Lab under U.S. DOE Contract no. DE-AC05-06OR23177, DOE Office of Nuclear Physics Grant DE-FG02-05ER41374 at Indiana University and NSERC Grant SAPJ-326516 at the University of Regina, The University of Athens would like to thank Mr. D. Pappas for his help with the mechanical constructions for the test set-ups. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.054 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000007 ER PT J AU Pierce, J Maxwell, J Badman, T Brock, J Carlin, C Crabb, DG Day, D Keith, CD Kvaltine, N Meekins, DG Mulholland, J Shields, J Slifer, K AF Pierce, J. Maxwell, J. Badman, T. Brock, J. Carlin, C. Crabb, D. G. Day, D. Keith, C. D. Kvaltine, N. Meekins, D. G. Mulholland, J. Shields, J. Slifer, K. TI Dynamically polarized target for the g(2)(p) and G(E)(P) experiments at Jefferson Lab SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Polarized target; Superconducting magnet; Dynamic nuclear polarization ID PROTON POLARIZATION; AMMONIA AB We describe a dynamically polarized target that has been utilized for two electron scattering experiments in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The primary components of the target are a new, high cooling power He-4 evaporation refrigerator, and a re-purposed, superconducting split coil magnet. It has been used to polarize protons in irradiated NH3 at a temperature of 1 K and at fields of 2.5 and 5.0 T. The performance of the target material in the electron beam under these conditions will be discussed. Maximum polarizations of 28% and 95% were obtained at those fields, respectively. To satisfy the requirements of both experiments, the magnet had to be routinely rotated between angles of 0 degrees, 6 degrees, and 90 degrees with respect to the incident electron beam. This was accomplished using a new rotating vacuum seal which permits rotations to be performed in only a few minutes. (C). 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Pierce, J.; Brock, J.; Carlin, C.; Keith, C. D.; Meekins, D. G.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Maxwell, J.; Badman, T.; Slifer, K.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Crabb, D. G.; Day, D.; Kvaltine, N.; Mulholland, J.; Shields, J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Pierce, J (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM jpierce@jlab.org RI Day, Donal/C-5020-2015 OI Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934 FU Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purposes, NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 54 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.12.016 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000009 ER PT J AU Dolan, JL Marcath, MJ Flaska, M Pozzi, SA Chichester, DL Tomanin, A Peerani, P AF Dolan, J. L. Marcath, M. J. Flaska, M. Pozzi, S. A. Chichester, D. L. Tomanin, A. Peerani, P. TI Active-interrogation measurements of fast neutrons from induced fission in low-enriched uranium SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Active interrogation; MCNPX-PoliMi; Neutron detectors; Liquid scintillators; Induced; Fission ID SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL AB A detection system was designed with MCNPX-PoliMi to measure induced fission neutrons from U-235 and U-238 using active interrogation. Measurements were then performed with this system at the joint Research Centre in Ispra, Italy on low enriched uranium samples. Liquid scintillators measured induced Fission neutrons to characterize the samples in terms of their uranium mass and enrichment. Results are presented to investigate and support the use of organic liquid scintillators with active interrogation techniques to characterize uranium containing materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Dolan, J. L.; Marcath, M. J.; Flaska, M.; Pozzi, S. A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chichester, D. L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Tomanin, A.; Peerani, P.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. RP Dolan, JL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM jldolan@umich.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy; Material Protection Accountability and Control Technologies Program; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Energy Alliance under DOE [DE-AC07-05-ID14517]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; U.S. Department of Defense's Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy and the Material Protection Accountability and Control Technologies Program. Idaho National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Energy Alliance under DOE contract DE-AC07-05-ID14517 and was performed under the Nuclear Forensics Graduate Fellowship Program which is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and the U.S. Department of Defense's Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.052 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000015 ER PT J AU Vahsen, S Oliver-Mallory, K Lopez-Thibodeaux, M Kadyk, J Garcia-Sciveres, M AF Vahsen, S. Oliver-Mallory, K. Lopez-Thibodeaux, M. Kadyk, J. Garcia-Sciveres, M. TI Tests of gases in a mini-TPC with pixel chip readout SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE GEMs; Pixel chip; TPC readout; WIMP detection; Gas avalanche gain AB Gases for potential use as targets for directional dark matter detection were tested in a prototype detector using two sequential Gas Electron Multipliers, or GEMs. The sensitive volume consists of a mini-TPC of 12 cm length and 7.5 cm diameter. An FEI3 pixel chip, developed for the ATLAS experiment, was used to produce spatial measurements with high resolution. An Fe55 source produced photoelectrons by X-ray conversions in the sensitive volume, and images of these were recorded by the chip. Spatial resolution plots are shown for the gases, which include the practical electron range of the photoelectrons and the effects of diffusion in the mini-TPC. Avalanche gain and gain resolution measurements were made for the four gases tested, at atmospheric and sub-atmospheric pressures: Ar(70)/CO2(30), CF4, He(80)/CF4(20) and He(80)/isobutane(20). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Vahsen, S.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Oliver-Mallory, K.; Lopez-Thibodeaux, M.; Kadyk, J.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kadyk, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jakadyk@lbl.gov FU Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0007852]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [2011-DN-077-ARI050-03]; United States Government FX This work was supported in part by the Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Sven Vahsen acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy under Award Number DE-SC0007852 and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Award Number 2011-DN-077-ARI050-03. This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor the Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or the Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or the Regents of the University of California. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.10.029 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000017 ER PT J AU Rapsevicius, V Juska, E AF Rapsevicius, Valdas Juska, Evaldas TI Expert System for the LHC CMS Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC) detector SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Complex event processing; Ontology; Knowledge base; Integration platform; Monitoring AB Modern High Energy Physics experiments are of high demand for a generic arid consolidated solution to integrate and process high frequency data streams by applying experts' knowledge and inventory configurations. In this paper we present the Expert System application that was built for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC) detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) aiming to support the detector operations and to provide integrated monitoring. The main building blocks are the integration platform, rule-based complex event processing engine, ontology-based knowledge base, persistent storage and user interfaces for results and control. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rapsevicius, Valdas; Juska, Evaldas] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Rapsevicius, Valdas] Vilnius State Univ, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania. RP Rapsevicius, V (reprint author), Vilnius State Univ, Didlaukio G 47-325, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM valdas.rapsevicius@cern.ch; evaldas.juska@cern.ch NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.070 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000019 ER PT J AU McCarter, JL Afanasev, A Gay, TJ Hansknecht, J Kechiantz, A Poelker, M AF McCarter, J. L. Afanasev, A. Gay, T. J. Hansknecht, J. Kechiantz, A. Poelker, M. TI Measurement of electron beam polarization from unstrained GaAs via two-photon photoemission SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Polarization; Two-photon; GaAs; Photocathode; Electron source ID SPIN-POLARIZATION; DOPED GAAS; PHOTOELECTRONS; PHOTOCATHODES; LAYER AB Two-photon absorption of 1560 nm light was used to generate polarized electron beams from unstrained GaAs photocathodes of varying thickness: 625 mu m, 0.32 mu m, and 0.18 mu m. For each photocathode, the degree of spin polarization of the photoemitted beam was less than 50%, contradicting earlier predictions based on simple quantum mechanical selection rules for spherically-symmetric systems but consistent with the more sophisticated model of Bhat et at (Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 035209). Polarization via two-photon absorption was the highest from the thinnest photocathode sample and comparable to that obtained via one-photon absorption (using 778 nm light), with values 40.3 +/- 1.0% and 42.6 +/- 1.0% respectively. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McCarter, J. L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Afanasev, A.; Kechiantz, A.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Gay, T. J.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hansknecht, J.; Poelker, M.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP McCarter, JL (reprint author), Laser & Plasma Technol, 1100 Explorat Way, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. EM jlm2ar@virginia.edu OI Afanasev, Andrei/0000-0003-0679-3307 FU Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; NSF [PHY-0821385, PHY-1206067] FX We thank Steve Covert, Jim Clark, Marcy Stutzman and Phil Adderley for assistance with the apparatus, and acknowledge useful discussions with Leonid Gerchikov of St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Russia, regarding theoretical models of two-photon photoemission and polarization. This work was supported by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract no. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and by NSF Grants PHY-0821385 and PHY-1206067 (TJG). NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 149 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.062 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000021 ER PT J AU Vernieri, C Bellettini, G Latino, G Rusu, V Trovato, M Velev, G AF Vernieri, Caterina Bellettini, Giorgio Latino, Giuseppe Rusu, Vadim Trovato, Marco Velev, George TI Exploiting the full information carried by jets for reconstructing the mass of the hadronically decaying Z in WZ/ZZ events with a lepton, missing transverse energy and 3 jets at CDF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Diboson pair production; W plus jets; Z mass in the hadronic decay ID FERMILAB AB Observing WZ/ZZ production at the Tevatron in the final state with a lepton, missing transverse energy and two jets is extremely difficult because of the low signal rate and the very large background. In the attempt to increase the acceptance in the analysis of the data collected by the CDF experiment, we study the sample with 3 high-energy jets, where according to simulations about 1/3 of the diboson events are expected to be Rather than choosing always the two jets of largest transverse energy (E-r) to reconstruct the Z mass, we make use of the information carried by all jets. We describe in detail how to better combine the jet information, and introduce a method of interest in every experiment searching for hadronic resonances in the W/Z + jets channel, including measurements of Higgs boson production associated with a W or Z. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved C1 [Vernieri, Caterina] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Vernieri, Caterina; Bellettini, Giorgio; Latino, Giuseppe] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bellettini, Giorgio] Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Latino, Giuseppe] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Rusu, Vadim; Trovato, Marco; Velev, George] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Vernieri, C (reprint author), Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. EM caterina.vernieri@cern.ch OI Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD FEB 21 PY 2014 VL 738 BP 154 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.12.003 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 296XZ UT WOS:000330220000022 ER PT J AU Chung, E Yiacoumi, S Tsouris, C AF Chung, Eunhyea Yiacoumi, Sotira Tsouris, Costas TI Interaction forces between spores and planar surfaces in aqueous solutions SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE Particle-surface interactions; Particle adhesive force; Atomic force microscopy; Bacillus thuringiensis spores; DLVO theory ID ALLUVIAL GRAVEL AQUIFER; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; TRANSPORT; ADHESION; AFM; RETENTION; MEDIA; TIPS; DLVO AB Bacterial spore interactions with planar surfaces in aquatic environments, including adhesive forces and force-distance profiles, are influenced by the geometry and physicochemical properties of the system. The characteristics of spores of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are determined using electron microscopy and electrokinetic measurements. The average size of the spores is 1.57 mu m long and 0.86 mu m wide, and the zeta potential values are negative for the solutions used in this work. The zeta potentials of the spores and mica surfaces used in the experiments are measured as a function of pH and ionic strength. The Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek (DLVO) theory is employed to predict the interaction force between the spores and planar surfaces as a function of the separation distance, and a force balance is used to explain the adhesive force. Theoretical estimations are compared to experimental measurements obtained from atomic force microscopy (AFM). The DLVO-based calculations are consistent with AFM force measurements, while the calculated adhesive force shows some deviations from the measurements. The deviations can be minimized by considering the roughness of the Bt spore and substrate surfaces. Results are important in the understanding of spore interactions with environmental surfaces in aquatic systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chung, Eunhyea] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Energy Resources Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Yiacoumi, Sotira; Tsouris, Costas] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Tsouris, Costas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chung, E (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Energy Resources Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. EM echung@snu.ac.kr RI Tsouris, Costas/C-2544-2016 OI Tsouris, Costas/0000-0002-0522-1027 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-07-1-0035]; National Science Foundation [CBET-0651683]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Support for this work was provided by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, under Grant no. HDTRA1-07-1-0035, to Georgia Institute of Technology, and by the National Science Foundation, under Grant no. CBET-0651683. The authors are grateful to Dr. David Joy for his help in electron microscopy measurements, Dr. Susan Burns for her help with zeta potential measurements, and Dr. Marsha Savage for editing the manuscript. SEM and STEM experiments were performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 EI 1873-4359 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 443 BP 80 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.10.051 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AQ0VR UT WOS:000342501300011 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Abeysekara, AU Allen, BT Aune, T Barber, AS Berley, D Braun, J Chen, C Christopher, GE Delay, RS DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Ellsworth, RW Fraija, N Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Hays, E Hoffman, CM Huntemeyer, PH Imran, A Kolterman, BE Linnemann, JT Marinelli, A McEnery, JE Morgan, T Mincer, AI Nemethy, P Patricelli, B Pretz, J Ryan, JM Parkinson, PMS Schneider, M Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Vasileiou, V Walker, GP Williams, DA Yodh, GB AF Abdo, A. A. Abeysekara, A. U. Allen, B. T. Aune, T. Barber, A. S. Berley, D. Braun, J. Chen, C. Christopher, G. E. Delay, R. S. DeYoung, T. Dingus, B. L. Ellsworth, R. W. Fraija, N. Gonzalez, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Hays, E. Hoffman, C. M. Huentemeyer, P. H. Imran, A. Kolterman, B. E. Linnemann, J. T. Marinelli, A. McEnery, J. E. Morgan, T. Mincer, A. I. Nemethy, P. Patricelli, B. Pretz, J. Ryan, J. M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Schneider, M. Shoup, A. Sinnis, G. Smith, A. J. Vasileiou, V. Walker, G. P. Williams, D. A. Yodh, G. B. TI THE STUDY OF TeV VARIABILITY AND THE DUTY CYCLE OF Mrk 421 FROM 3 Yr OF OBSERVATIONS WITH THE MILAGRO OBSERVATORY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421); gamma rays: general ID GAMMA-RAY FLARES; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; CORRELATED VARIABILITY; BLAZAR MARKARIAN-421; EMISSION; MKN-421; 1ES-1959+650; STATE; MODEL AB TeV-flaring activity with timescales as short as tens of minutes and an orphan TeV flare have been observed from the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421). The TeV emission from Mrk 421 is believed to be produced by leptonic synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission. In this scenario, correlations between the X-ray and the TeV fluxes are expected, TeV orphan flares are hardly explained, and the activity (measured as duty cycle) of the source at TeV energies is expected to be equal to or less than that observed in X-rays if only SSC is considered. To estimate the TeV duty cycle of Mrk 421 and to establish limits on its variability at different timescales, we continuously observed Mrk 421 with the Milagro observatory. Mrk 421 was detected by Milagro with a statistical significance of 7.1 standard deviations between 2005 September 21 and 2008 March 15. The observed spectrum is consistent with previous observations by VERITAS. We estimate the duty cycle of Mrk 421 for energies above 1 TeV for different hypotheses of the baseline flux and for different flare selections and we compared our results with the X-ray duty cycle estimated by Resconi et al. The robustness of the results is discussed. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Abeysekara, A. U.; Barber, A. S.; Linnemann, J. T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Abdo, A. A.] Inst Def Anal, Operat Evaluat Div, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA. [Allen, B. T.; Chen, C.; Delay, R. S.; Yodh, G. B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Aune, T.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Schneider, M.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Aune, T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Barber, A. S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Berley, D.; Braun, J.; Goodman, J. A.; Smith, A. J.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Christopher, G. E.; Kolterman, B. E.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [DeYoung, T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dingus, B. L.; Hoffman, C. M.; Imran, A.; Pretz, J.; Sinnis, G.; Walker, G. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Fraija, N.; Gonzalez, M. M.; Patricelli, B.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Huentemeyer, P. H.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Marinelli, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Morgan, T.; Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Lima, OH 45804 USA. [Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Walker, G. P.] Natl Secur Technol, Las Vegas, NV 89102 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3245 BioMed Phys Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; OI Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201, -0601080, ATM-0002744]; US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics); Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of California; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [Conacyt 105033, 103520]; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [PAPIIT IN105211, IN108713, IG100413, IG100414]; DGAPA-UNAM; US Department of Energy (Office of Nuclear Physics) FX The Milagro project has been supported by the National Science Foundation (under grants PHY-0245234, -0302000, -0400424, -0504201, -0601080, and ATM-0002744), the US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of California, the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. This work has been supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (under grants Conacyt 105033 and 103520), Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (under grants PAPIIT IN105211, IN108713, IG100413, and IG100414), and DGAPA-UNAM. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 782 IS 2 AR 110 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/782/2/110 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AF3AV UT WOS:000334584700052 ER PT J AU Hou, Z Reichardt, CL Story, KT Follin, B Keisler, R Aird, KA Benson, BA Bleem, LE Carlstrom, JE Chang, CL Cho, HM Crawford, TM Crites, AT De Haan, T De Putter, R Dobbs, MA Dodelson, S Dudley, J George, EM Halverson, NW Holder, GP Holzapfel, WL Hoover, S Hrubes, JD Joy, M Knox, L Lee, AT Leitch, EM Lueker, M Luong-Van, D McMahon, JJ Mehl, J Meyer, SS Millea, M Mohr, JJ Montroy, TE Padin, S Plagge, T Pryke, C Ruhl, JE Sayre, JT Schaffer, KK Shaw, L Shirokoff, E Spieler, HG Staniszewski, Z Stark, AA Van Engelen, A Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Williamson, R Zahn, O AF Hou, Z. Reichardt, C. L. Story, K. T. Follin, B. Keisler, R. Aird, K. A. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Carlstrom, J. E. Chang, C. L. Cho, H. -M. Crawford, T. M. Crites, A. T. De Haan, T. De Putter, R. Dobbs, M. A. Dodelson, S. Dudley, J. George, E. M. Halverson, N. W. Holder, G. P. Holzapfel, W. L. Hoover, S. Hrubes, J. D. Joy, M. Knox, L. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Luong-Van, D. McMahon, J. J. Mehl, J. Meyer, S. S. Millea, M. Mohr, J. J. Montroy, T. E. Padin, S. Plagge, T. Pryke, C. Ruhl, J. E. Sayre, J. T. Schaffer, K. K. Shaw, L. Shirokoff, E. Spieler, H. G. Staniszewski, Z. Stark, A. A. Van Engelen, A. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Williamson, R. Zahn, O. TI CONSTRAINTS ON COSMOLOGY FROM THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POWER SPECTRUM OF THE 2500 deg(2) SPT-SZ SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic background radiation; cosmological parameters; early universe; inflation ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; 720 SQUARE DEGREES; PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; PRECISION COSMOLOGY; HELIUM ABUNDANCE; GALAXY CLUSTERS; HUBBLE CONSTANT; CENT DISTANCE AB We explore extensions to the Lambda CDM cosmology using measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the recent SPT-SZ survey, along with data from WMAP7 and measurements of H-0 and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO). We check for consistency within Lambda CDM between these data sets, and find some tension. The CMB alone gives weak support to physics beyond Lambda CDM, due to a slight trend relative to Lambda CDM of decreasing power toward smaller angular scales. While it may be due to statistical fluctuation, this trend could also be explained by several extensions. We consider running of the primordial spectral index (dn(s)/d ln k), as well as two extensions that modify the damping tail power (the primordial helium abundance Y-p and the effective number of neutrino species N-eff) and one that modifies the large-scale power due to the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect (the sum of neutrino masses Sigma m(nu)). These extensions have similar observational consequences and are partially degenerate when considered simultaneously. Of the six one-parameter extensions considered, we find CMB to have the largest preference for dn(s)/d ln k with -0.046 < dn(s)/d lnk < -0.003 at 95% confidence, which strengthens to a 2.7 sigma indication of dn(s)/d lnk < 0 from CMB+BAO+H-0. Detectable dn(s)/d ln k not equal 0 is difficult to explain in the context of single-field, slow-roll inflation models. We find N-eff = 3.62 +/- 0.48 for the CMB, which tightens to N-eff = 3.71 +/- 0.35 from CMB+BAO+H-0. Larger values of N-eff relieve the mild tension between CMB, BAO, and H-0. When the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich selected galaxy cluster abundances (SPTCL) data are also included, we obtain N-eff = 3.29 +/- 0.31. Allowing for Sigma m(nu) gives a 3.0s detection of Sigma m(nu) > 0 from CMB+BAO+H-0 +SPTCL. The median value is (0.32+/-0.11) eV, a factor of six above the lower bound set by neutrino oscillation observations. All data sets except H-0 show some preference for massive neutrinos; data combinations including H-0 favor nonzero masses only if BAO data are also included. We also constrain the two-parameter extensions N-eff + Sigma m(nu) and N-eff + Y-p to explore constraints on additional light species and big bang nucleosynthesis, respectively. C1 [Hou, Z.; Follin, B.; Knox, L.; Millea, M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.; George, E. M.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Shirokoff, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Story, K. T.; Keisler, R.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Dodelson, S.; Hoover, S.; Leitch, E. M.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Pryke, C.; Schaffer, K. K.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Story, K. T.; Keisler, R.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Hoover, S.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Aird, K. A.; Hrubes, J. D.; Luong-Van, D.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Meyer, S. S.; Schaffer, K. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Dodelson, S.; Leitch, E. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Pryke, C.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Mehl, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cho, H. -M.] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [De Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Dudley, J.; Holder, G. P.; Shaw, L.; Van Engelen, A.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [De Putter, R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [De Putter, R.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Dodelson, S.; Lueker, M.; Vieira, J. D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Joy, M.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Lee, A. T.; Spieler, H. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mohr, J. J.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Mohr, J. J.] Excellence Cluster Univ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mohr, J. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.; Sayre, J. T.; Staniszewski, Z.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Schaffer, K. K.] Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hou, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; OI Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937]; NSF [PHY-1125897, NSF PHY 1148698]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs program; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; NASA Hubble Fellowship [HF-51275.01]; KICP Fellowship; M. Dobbs an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NASA Office of Space Science FX The SPT is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant ANT-0638937, with partial support provided by NSF grant PHY-1125897, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The McGill group acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs program, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. R. Keisler acknowledges support from NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HF-51275.01, B. A. Benson a KICP Fellowship, M. Dobbs an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship, O. Zahn a BCCP fellowship. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the resources of the University of Chicago Computing Cooperative (UC3), supported in part by the Open Science Grid, NSF grant NSF PHY 1148698. We acknowledge the use of the Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA). Support for LAMBDA is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science. NR 87 TC 117 Z9 117 U1 2 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 782 IS 2 AR 74 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/782/2/74 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AF3AV UT WOS:000334584700016 ER PT J AU Li, YC Xu, T Tschaplinski, TJ Engle, NL Yang, YF Graham, DE He, ZL Zhou, JZ AF Li, Yongchao Xu, Tao Tschaplinski, Timothy J. Engle, Nancy L. Yang, Yunfeng Graham, David E. He, Zhili Zhou, Jizhong TI Improvement of cellulose catabolism in Clostridium cellulolyticum by sporulation abolishment and carbon alleviation SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS LA English DT Article DE Clostridium cellulolyticum; Sporulation; spo0A; Cellulose catabolism; Isobutanol ID ACETOBUTYLICUM ATCC 824; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; IN-VIVO; ASYMMETRIC DIVISION; SOLVENT PRODUCTION; CONTINUOUS-CULTURE; EXPRESSION; INACTIVATION; GENE; FERMENTATIONS AB Background: Clostridium cellulolyticum can degrade lignocellulosic biomass, and ferment the soluble sugars to produce valuable chemicals such as lactate, acetate, ethanol and hydrogen. However, the cellulose utilization efficiency of C. cellulolyticum still remains very low, impeding its application in consolidated bioprocessing for biofuels production. In this study, two metabolic engineering strategies were exploited to improve cellulose utilization efficiency, including sporulation abolishment and carbon overload alleviation. Results: The spo0A gene at locus Ccel_1894, which encodes a master sporulation regulator was inactivated. The spo0A mutant abolished the sporulation ability. In a high concentration of cellulose (50 g/l), the performance of the spo0A mutant increased dramatically in terms of maximum growth, final concentrations of three major metabolic products, and cellulose catabolism. The microarray and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses showed that the valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis pathways were up-regulated in the spo0A mutant. Based on this information, a partial isobutanol producing pathway modified from valine biosynthesis was introduced into C. cellulolyticum strains to further increase cellulose consumption by alleviating excessive carbon load. The introduction of this synthetic pathway to the wild-type strain improved cellulose consumption from 17.6 g/l to 28.7 g/l with a production of 0.42 g/l isobutanol in the 50 g/l cellulose medium. However, the spo0A mutant strain did not appreciably benefit from introduction of this synthetic pathway and the cellulose utilization efficiency did not further increase. A technical highlight in this study was that an in vivo promoter strength evaluation protocol was developed using anaerobic fluorescent protein and flow cytometry for C. cellulolyticum. Conclusions: In this study, we inactivated the spo0A gene and introduced a heterologous synthetic pathway to manipulate the stress response to heavy carbon load and accumulation of metabolic products. These findings provide new perspectives to enhance the ability of cellulolytic bacteria to produce biofuels and biocommodities with high efficiency and at low cost directly from lignocellulosic biomass. C1 [Li, Yongchao; Xu, Tao; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Li, Yongchao; Xu, Tao; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Engle, Nancy L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yang, Yunfeng; Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Engle, Nancy L.; Graham, David E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, 101 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Yang, Yunfeng/H-9853-2013; Graham, David/F-8578-2010; OI Yang, Yunfeng/0000-0001-8274-6196; Graham, David/0000-0001-8968-7344; Tschaplinski, Timothy/0000-0002-9540-6622; Engle, Nancy/0000-0003-0290-7987 FU NSF EPSCoR Program [EPS 0814361]; BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; US Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported mainly by the NSF EPSCoR Program through the award EPS 0814361 and partially by the BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. This manuscript has been co-authored by a contractor of the US Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank Dr Joy D Van Nostrand for discussions and proofreading of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-6834 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS JI Biotechnol. Biofuels PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 25 DI 10.1186/1754-6834-7-25 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AD1SA UT WOS:000333012600001 PM 24555718 ER PT J AU de Urreta, EG Goity, JL Scoccola, NN AF Gonzalez de Urreta, E. Goity, J. L. Scoccola, N. N. TI Global analysis of the negative parity nonstrange baryons in the 1/N-c expansion SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID LARGE N-C; QUARK-MODEL; QCD; PHOTOPRODUCTION; DECAYS; SU(6)W; MASSES AB A global study of the negative parity nonstrange baryon observables is performed in the framework of the 1/N-c expansion. Masses, partial decay widths and photo couplings are simultaneously analyzed. A main objective is to determine the composition of the spin 1/2 and 3/2 nucleon states, which come in pairs and involve two mixing angles which can be determined and tested for consistency by the mentioned observables. The issue of the assignment of those nucleon states to the broken SU(4) x O(3) mixed-symmetry multiplet is studied in detail, with the conclusion that the assignment made in the old studies based on the nonrelativistic quark model is the preferred one. In addition, the analysis involves an update of the input data with respect to previous works. C1 [Gonzalez de Urreta, E.; Scoccola, N. N.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Dept Theoret Phys, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Gonzalez de Urreta, E.; Scoccola, N. N.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Goity, J. L.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Goity, J. L.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Scoccola, N. N.] Univ Favaloro, RA-1078 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP de Urreta, EG (reprint author), Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Dept Theoret Phys, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. FU DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; National Science Foundation (U.S.) [PHY-0855789, PHY-1307413]; CONICET (Argentina) [PIP 00682]; ANPCyT (Argentina) [PICT-2011-0113] FX This work was supported by DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 under which JSA operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, and by the National Science Foundation (U.S.) through Grants No. PHY-0855789 and No. PHY-1307413 (J.L.G.). This work has been partially funded by CONICET (Argentina) under Grant No. PIP 00682 and by ANPCyT (Argentina) under Grant No. PICT-2011-0113 (E.G.U. and N.N.S.). NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 034024 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.034024 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CI UT WOS:000332162000003 ER PT J AU Martin, SP AF Martin, Stephen P. TI Nonuniversal gaugino masses and seminatural supersymmetry in view of the Higgs boson discovery SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXPLICIT CP VIOLATION; COLD DARK-MATTER; STANDARD MODEL; RELIC DENSITY; SUPERGRAVITY THEORIES; COMPUTATIONAL TOOL; N=1 SUPERGRAVITY; GENERIC MODEL; MU-PROBLEM; MSSM AB I consider models with nonuniversal gaugino masses at the gauge coupling unification scale, taking into account the Higgs boson discovery. Viable regions of parameter space are mapped and studied in the case of nonuniversality following from an F-term in a linear combination of singlet and adjoint representations of SU(5). I consider, in particular, "seminatural" models that have small mu, with gaugino masses dominating the supersymmetry-breaking terms at high energies. Higgsino-like particles are then much lighter than all other superpartners, and the prospects for discovery at the Large Hadron Collider can be extremely challenging. C1 [Martin, Stephen P.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Martin, Stephen P.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Martin, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Martin, SP (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1068369, NSF PHY11-25915] FX I thank Graham Kribs and James Younkin for relevant conversations. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1068369. This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY11-25915. NR 145 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035011 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.035011 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CI UT WOS:000332162000004 ER PT J AU Weck, PF Kim, E Jove-Colon, CF Sassani, DC AF Weck, Philippe F. Kim, Eunja Jove-Colon, Carlos F. Sassani, David C. TI First-principles study of anhydrite, polyhalite and carnallite SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD AB We report density functional calculations of the structures and properties of anhydrite (CaSO4), polyhalite (K2SO4 center dot MgSO4 center dot 2CaSO(4)center dot 2H(2)O) and carnallite (KCl center dot MgCl2 center dot 6H(2)O). Densities of states are systematically investigated and phonon analysis using density functional perturbation theory is performed at constant equilibrium volume for anhydrite and polyhalite in order to derive their isochoric thermal properties. Thermal properties at constant atmospheric pressure are also calculated using the quasi-harmonic approximation. The computed molar entropy and isobaric heat capacity for anhydrite reproduce experimental data up to 800 K to within 3% and 10%, respectively, while further experimental work is needed to assess our theoretical predictions for polyhalite. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weck, Philippe F.; Jove-Colon, Carlos F.; Sassani, David C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kim, Eunja] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Weck, PF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pfweck@sandia.gov OI , Philippe/0000-0002-7610-2893 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 EI 1873-4448 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 594 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.01.015 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AB3TH UT WOS:000331712600001 ER PT J AU Kalvius, GM Hartmann, O Wappling, R Gunther, A Krimmel, A Loidl, A MacLaughlin, DE Bernal, OO Nieuwenhuys, GJ Aronson, MC Dickey, RP Maple, MB Amato, A Baines, C AF Kalvius, G. M. Hartmann, O. Wappling, R. Guenther, A. Krimmel, A. Loidl, A. MacLaughlin, D. E. Bernal, O. O. Nieuwenhuys, G. J. Aronson, M. C. Dickey, R. P. Maple, M. B. Amato, A. Baines, C. TI Magnetism of Pd1-xNix alloys near the critical concentration for ferromagnetism SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PD-NI-ALLOYS; FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; MUON SPIN RELAXATION; GIANT MOMENTS; AC SUSCEPTIBILITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CRITICAL-POINT; ZERO-FIELD; METALS; PALLADIUM AB We report results of a muon spin rotation and relaxation (mu SR) study of dilute Pd1-xNix alloys, with emphasis on Ni concentrations x = 0.0243 and 0.025. These are close to the critical value x(cr) for the onset of ferromagnetic long-range order (LRO), which is a candidate for a quantum critical point. Additional control data were taken for pure nonmagnetic Pd, and for an alloy where ferromagnetism is well established (x = 0.05). The 2.43 and 2.5 at.% Ni alloys exhibit similar mu SR properties. Both samples are fully magnetic, with average zero-temperature muon local fields < B-loc(T = 0)> = 2.0 and 3.8 mT and Curie temperatures T-C = 1.0 and 2.03 K for 2.43 and 2.5 at.% Ni, respectively. The temperature dependence of < B-loc > suggests ordering of Ni spin clusters rather than isolated spins. Just above T-C, the temperature where LRO vanishes, a two-phase region is found with coexisting separate volume fractions of quasistatic short-range order (SRO) and paramagnetism. The SRO fraction decreases to zero with increasing temperature a few kelvin above T-C. This mixture of SRO and paramagnetism is consistent with the notion of an inhomogeneous alloy with Ni clustering. The measured values of T-C extrapolate to x(cr) = 0.0236 +/- 0.0027. The dynamic muon spin relaxation in the vicinity of T-C differs for the two samples: a relaxation-rate maximum at T-C is observed for x = 0.0243, reminiscent of critical slowing down, whereas for x = 0.025 no dynamic relaxation is observed within the mu SR time window. The data suggest a mean-field-like transition in this alloy. C1 [Kalvius, G. M.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Hartmann, O.; Wappling, R.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Guenther, A.; Krimmel, A.; Loidl, A.] Univ Augsburg, Ctr Elect Correlat & Magnetism, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany. [MacLaughlin, D. E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Bernal, O. O.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Nieuwenhuys, G. J.; Amato, A.; Baines, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Muon Spin Spect, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Aronson, M. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Aronson, M. C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Dickey, R. P.; Maple, M. B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Kalvius, GM (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85747 Garching, Germany. EM kalvius@ph.tum.de RI Guenther, Axel/A-1754-2009; Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013; Loidl, Alois/L-8199-2015 OI Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498; Loidl, Alois/0000-0002-5579-0746 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Augsburg) [TRR80, FOR 960]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Munich) [TRR80, FOR 960]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Stuggart) [TRR80, FOR 960]; US NSF, (UC Riverside) [DMR-9731361, DMR-0102293]; CSU Los Angeles [DMR-9820631, DMR-1105380]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH1886]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04-ER46105] FX We thank H. Lutkens and R. Scheuermann (Swiss Muon Source) and R. H. Heffner (Los Alamos) for their help in carrying out the experiments. This work was partially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via TRR80 (Augsburg, Munich, Stuttgart) and FOR 960, and by the US NSF, Grant Nos. DMR-9731361 and DMR-0102293 (UC Riverside), and DMR-9820631 and DMR-1105380 (CSU Los Angeles). Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was carried out under the auspices of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1886. Research at U. C. San Diego was supported by the US Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-04-ER46105. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 6 AR 064418 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.064418 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3ET UT WOS:000332398500001 ER PT J AU Li, YM Liu, KX Geng, RL AF Li, Y. M. Liu, K. X. Geng, R. L. TI Comparative simulation studies of multipacting in higher-order-mode couplers of superconducting rf cavities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB Multipacting (MP) in higher-order-mode (HOM) couplers of the International Linear Collider (ILC) baseline cavity and the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) 12 GeV upgrade cavity is studied by using the ACE3P suites, developed by the Advanced Computations Department at SLAC. For the ILC cavity HOM coupler, the simulation results show that resonant trajectories exist in three zones, corresponding to an accelerating gradient range of 0.6-1.6 MV/m, 21-34 MV/m, 32-35 MV/m and >40 MV/m, respectively. For the CEBAF 12 GeV upgrade cavity HOM coupler, resonant trajectories exist in one zone, corresponding to an accelerating gradient range of 6-13 MV/m. Potential implications of these MP barriers are discussed in the context of future high-energy pulsed as well as medium-energy continuous wave accelerators based on superconducting radio frequency cavities. Frequency scaling of MP's predicted in HOM couplers of the ILC, CEBAF upgrade, Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), and Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) third harmonic cavity is given and found to be in good agreement with the analytical result based on the parallel plate model. C1 [Li, Y. M.; Liu, K. X.] Peking Univ, Inst Heavy Ion Phys, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Li, Y. M.; Geng, R. L.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Li, YM (reprint author), Peking Univ, Inst Heavy Ion Phys, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM kxliu@pku.edu.cn; geng@jlab.org FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX We would like to thank Lixing Ge and Zenghai Li of SLAC for numerous discussions about the MP simulations using the Track 3P code. We thank Sang-Ho Kim of ORNL for discussions about the HOM coupler of SNS high beta cavity. Many thanks go to Ivan Gonin and Nikolay Solyak of FNAL for providing information about the 3.9 GHz cavity HOM coupler model. We thank Haipeng Wang of JLab for many useful discussions concerning this work. This work is authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 AR 022002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.17.022002 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC0IK UT WOS:000332177800001 ER PT J AU Wang, ED Rao, T Ben-zvi, I AF Wang, Erdong Rao, Triveni Ben-zvi, Ilan TI Enhancement of photoemission from and postprocessing of K2CsSb photocathode using excimer laser SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID INJECTOR AB The high quantum efficiency at visible wavelengths of alkali-antimonide photoemissive materials, such as K2CsSb, makes them excellent potential photocathodes for high-current applications. We have developed a technique of using an ultraviolet laser to clean the cathode's substrate and thus enhance the photoyield of a K2CsSb photocathode subsequently deposited on the substrate. We have shown that the quantum efficiency of the cathode from the laser-exposed substrate can be at least 50% higher than that of an unexposed surface. We have also formulated a nonthermal technique for completely removing the cathode from the substrate while preserving an ultrahigh vacuum to assure the regrowth of the cathode. The bialkali cathode is dissociated and then removed completely upon 10 s exposure to a 248 nm laser beam with 3.5 mJ/mm(2) of energy density at a 30 Hz repetition frequency. Here, we discuss these experimental results and their potential applications. We also describe applications of this technique to reduce the beam's halo and its emittance. C1 [Wang, Erdong; Rao, Triveni; Ben-zvi, Ilan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ben-zvi, Ilan] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Wang, ED (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM wange@bnl.gov FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was carried out at Brookhaven Science associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. DOE. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 AR 023402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.17.023402 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC0IK UT WOS:000332177800002 ER PT J AU Urdaneta, I Pilme, J Keller, A Atabek, O Tarakeshwar, P Mujica, V Calatayud, M AF Urdaneta, Ines Pilme, Julien Keller, Arne Atabek, Osman Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty Mujica, Vladimiro Calatayud, Monica TI Probing Raman Enhancement in a Dopamine-Ti2O4 Hybrid Using Stretched Molecular Geometries SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SOLAR-CELLS; SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; SYSTEMS; SURFACES AB Hybrids consisting of a metal oxide nanoparticle and a molecule show strong enhancement of Raman modes due to an interfacial charge transfer process that induces the formation of midgap states, thereby reducing the effective gap compared to that of the nanoparticle and creating the posibility of an electronic resonance at energies substantially lower than the nanoparticles's band gap. We have developed a simple methodology to mimic the presence of the nanoparticle through a deformation of the bond involved in the chemical binding between the two entities forming the hybrid. The results provide a convincing interpretative frame to the enhancements observed in Raman spectra when all atoms are included. In addition, these enhancements can be correlated to a crossing of excited molecular orbitals that take part in the virtual excitation associated with the Raman process. We illustrate our method for the dopamine-Ti2O4 hybrid using the most acidic molecular O-H bond as the control parameter for the deformation. C1 [Urdaneta, Ines] Univ Paris 06, Chim Theor Lab, UMR 7616, F-75005 Paris, France. [Urdaneta, Ines; Pilme, Julien; Calatayud, Monica] CNRS, UMR 7616, Chim Theor Lab, F-75005 Paris, France. [Urdaneta, Ines; Keller, Arne; Atabek, Osman] CNRS, Inst Mol Sci, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Urdaneta, Ines; Keller, Arne; Atabek, Osman] Univ Paris 11, UMR8214, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty; Mujica, Vladimiro] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Mujica, Vladimiro] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Mujica, Vladimiro] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Urdaneta, I (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Chim Theor Lab, UMR 7616, F-75005 Paris, France. RI Calatayud, Monica/C-8308-2013; Tarakeshwar, P./B-6609-2008 OI Calatayud, Monica/0000-0003-0555-8938; Tarakeshwar, P./0000-0002-0893-0670 FU FRAMOLSENT program [ANR-11-NS04-0001]; GENCI- CINES/IDRIS [2012-x2012082131, 2013- x2013082131] FX We acknowledge financial support from the ANR-11-NS04-0001 FRAMOLSENT program. This work was performed using HPC resources from GENCI- CINES/IDRIS (Grant 2012-x2012082131, 2013- x2013082131) and the CCRE-DSI of Universite P. M. Curie. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 7 BP 1196 EP 1202 DI 10.1021/jp410781y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AB5XF UT WOS:000331861300006 PM 24456493 ER PT J AU Waegele, MM Doan, HQ Cuk, T AF Waegele, Matthias M. Doan, Hoang Q. Cuk, Tanja TI Long-Lived Photoexcited Carrier Dynamics of d-d Excitations in Spinel Ordered Co3O4 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID COBALT OXIDE-FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SPECTROSCOPIC DETERMINATION; OXYGEN EVOLUTION; THIN-FILMS; ULTRAFAST; ABSORPTION; CATALYSTS; ELECTRON; NANOSTRUCTURES AB The spectrum and dynamics of excited carriers in a spinel-ordered transition metal oxide, Co3O4, were investigated by both selective photoexcitation of all major optical transitions and selectively filling electronic states through an applied voltage. Co3O4 contains strong absorptions at all relevant optical excitations common to transition-metal oxides, inclusive of ligand-to-metal charge transfer, metal-to-metal charge transfer, and intravalence d-d transitions. We find that carriers initially excited across the charge transfer excitations quickly (similar to 3 ps) convert to d-d excitations due to strong electron-phonon coupling. Subsequent recombination from weakly coupled, localized excited d states to the ground state occurs at a much longer, nanosecond time scale. These results suggest that d d excitations represent a special type of long-lived recombination center intrinsic to a transition-metal oxide. Such carrier dynamics may apply to a wider range of transition metal oxides actively being integrated in photocatalytic and photovoltaic devices. C1 [Waegele, Matthias M.; Doan, Hoang Q.; Cuk, Tanja] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cuk, Tanja] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cuk, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tanjacuk@berkeley.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0337]; National Science Foundation FX This material is based on work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award No. FA9550-12-1-0337. H.D. was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Student Fellowship. We also thank the Joint Center of Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for use of the materials deposition and characterization facilities. Finally, we thank Drs. Joel Ager, Heinz Frei, Steven Leone, Joseph Orenstein, Ian Sharp, Annabella Selloni, and Feng Wang for extensive and helpful discussions. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3426 EP 3432 DI 10.1021/jp4113443 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB5XJ UT WOS:000331861700007 ER PT J AU Bowers, GM Hoyt, DW Burton, SD Ferguson, BO Varga, T Kirkpatrick, RJ AF Bowers, Geoffrey M. Hoyt, David W. Burton, Sarah D. Ferguson, Brennan O. Varga, Tamas Kirkpatrick, R. James TI In Situ C-13 and Na-23 Magic Angle Spinning NMR Investigation of Supercritical CO2 Incorporation in Smectite-Natural Organic Matter Composites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CLAY-MINERALS; FULVIC-ACID; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; COMPLEX-FORMATION; POLYACRYLIC-ACID; ALKALI-METAL AB This Article presents an in situ NMR study of clay-natural organic polymer systems (a hectorite-humic acid [HA] composite) under CO2 storage reservoir conditions (90 bar CO2 pressure, 50 degrees C). The C-13 and Na-23 NMR data show that supercritical CO2 interacts more strongly with the composite than with the base clay and does not react to form other C-containing species over several days at elevated CO2. With and without organic matter, the data suggest that CO2 enters the interlayer space of Na- hectorite equilibrated at 43% relative humidity. The presence of supercritical CO, also leads to increased Na-23 signal intensity, reduced line width at half height, increased basal width, more rapid Na-23 T-1 relaxation rates, and a shift to more positive resonance frequencies. Larger changes are observed for the hectorite-HA composite than for the base clay. In light of recently reported MD simulations of other polymer-Na-smectite composites, we interpret the observed changes to be due to an increase in the rate of Na+ site hopping in the presence of supercritical CO2, the presence of potential new Na+ sorption sites when the humic acid is present, and perhaps an accompanying increase in the number of Na+ ions actively involved in site hopping. The results suggest that the presence of organic material either in clay interlayers or on external particle surfaces can significantly affect the behavior of supercritical CO2 and the mobility of metal ions in clay-rich reservoir rocks. C1 [Bowers, Geoffrey M.; Ferguson, Brennan O.] Alfred Univ, Div Chem, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. [Hoyt, David W.; Burton, Sarah D.; Varga, Tamas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kirkpatrick, R. James] Michigan State Univ, Coll Nat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bowers, GM (reprint author), Alfred Univ, Div Chem, 1 Saxon Dr, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. EM bowers@alfred.edu OI Bowers, Geoffrey/0000-0003-4876-9305 FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-FG02-10ER16128, DE-FG02-08ER15929]; Department of Energy' s Office of Biological and Environmental Research; College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Dean's Office FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, through grants DE-FG02-10ER16128 and DE-FG02-08ER15929. The NMR spectra and microXRD data were obtained using facilities housed at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy' s Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). B.O.F. thanks the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Dean's Office for funding to travel to PNNL. NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 8 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3564 EP 3573 DI 10.1021/jp410535d PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB5XJ UT WOS:000331861700022 ER PT J AU Heard, CJ Vajda, S Johnston, RL AF Heard, Christopher J. Vajda, Stefan Johnston, Roy L. TI Support and Oxidation Effects on Subnanometer Palladium Nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC POLARIZABLE ENVIRONMENT; 1ST PRINCIPLES; ALPHA-AL2O3(0001) SURFACE; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; BIMETALLIC CLUSTERS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MGO(100) SURFACE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PD; CATALYSTS AB The effect of cluster size, oxidation state, and the support upon the structures and energetics of subnanometer palladium nanoparticles is investigated within a density functional framework. Gas phase global minima of Pd-4 and Pd-10 along with their suboxide counterparts are determined using a genetic algorithm and deposited upon MgO (001) and a high-index alumina surface. It is observed that there is an oxidation-dependent transition in the smaller clusters from three-dimensional to two-dimensional structures both in the gas phase and when supported by a surface. MgO strongly promotes a change from tetrahedral- and icosahedral-based structures toward cubic forms, while alumina induces significant distortion of the cluster and the breaking of Pd-Pd bonds. Increased oxygenation contributes cooperatively to these effects, causing disruption of the Pd-Pd bond network, favoring the incorporation of oxygen into the cluster structure, further complicating unambiguous structure prediction. C1 [Heard, Christopher J.; Johnston, Roy L.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Vajda, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Nanosci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Yale Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Johnston, RL (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Chem, POB 363, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM r.l.johnston@bham.ac.uk RI Johnston, Roy/H-2281-2014 OI Johnston, Roy/0000-0003-4019-9280 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; University of Birmingham North America academic collaboration fund; U.S. Department of Energy, BES Materials Sciences under UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC-02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. C.J.H. thanks Glen Ferguson and Michael Sternberg of Argonne National Laboratory for insightful advice and support, both scientific and technical. C.J.H. and R.L.J. acknowledge the University of Birmingham North America academic collaboration fund for support to visit Argonne. S.V. acknowledges support by the U.S. Department of Energy, BES Materials Sciences, under Contract DE-AC-02-06CH11357, with UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3581 EP 3589 DI 10.1021/jp411019t PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB5XJ UT WOS:000331861700024 ER PT J AU Doi, K Tsutsui, M Ohshiro, T Chien, CC Zwolak, M Taniguchi, M Kawai, T Kawano, S Di Ventra, M AF Doi, Kentaro Tsutsui, Makusu Ohshiro, Takahito Chien, Chih-Chun Zwolak, Michael Taniguchi, Masateru Kawai, Tomoji Kawano, Satoyuki Di Ventra, Massimiliano TI Nonequilibrium Ionic Response of Biased Mechanically Controllable Break Junction (MCBJ) Electrodes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE NANOPORES; NANOFLUIDIC DIODE; NERNST-PLANCK; DNA; TRANSPORT; OVERVOLTAGE; NUCLEOTIDES; VOLTAMMETRY; MOLECULE; BEHAVIOR AB Novel experimental techniques allow for the manipulation and interrogation of biomolecules between metallic probes immersed in micro/nanofluidic channels. The behavior of ions in response to applied fields is a major issue in the use of these techniques in sensing applications. Here, we experimentally and theoretically elucidate the behavior of background currents in these systems. These large currents have a slowly decaying transient response, as well as noise that increases with ionic concentration. Using mechanically controllable break junctions (MCBJ), we study the ionic response in nanogaps with widths ranging from a few nanometers to millimeters. Moreover, we obtain an expression for the ionic current by solving time-dependent Nernst-Planck and Poisson equations. This expression shows that after turning on an applied voltage, ions rapidly respond to the strong fields near the electrode surface, screening the field in the process. Ions subsequently translocate in the weak electric field and slowly relax within the diffusion layer. Our theoretical results help to explain the short- and long-time behavior of the ionic response found in experiments, as well as the various length scales involved. C1 [Doi, Kentaro; Kawano, Satoyuki] Osaka Univ, Dept Mech Sci & Bioengn, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. [Tsutsui, Makusu; Ohshiro, Takahito; Taniguchi, Masateru; Kawai, Tomoji] Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Osaka 5670047, Japan. [Chien, Chih-Chun] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zwolak, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Di Ventra, Massimiliano] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Doi, K (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Dept Mech Sci & Bioengn, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. EM doi@me.es.osaka-u.ac.jp; taniguti@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp; kawano@me.es.osaka-u.ac.jp; diventra@physics.ucsd.edu RI Kawano, Satoyuki/D-3028-2012; Tsutsui, Makusu/G-3652-2012; Zwolak, Michael/G-2932-2013 OI Zwolak, Michael/0000-0001-6443-7816 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through its "Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology"; U.S. DOE through the LANL/LDRD Program; NIH FX This work was partly supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through its "Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology". C.C.C. acknowledges the support of the U.S. DOE through the LANL/LDRD Program and M.D. partial support from NIH. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3758 EP 3765 DI 10.1021/jp409798t PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB5XJ UT WOS:000331861700043 ER PT J AU Tarakeshwar, P Palma, JL Finkelstein-Shapiro, D Keller, A Urdaneta, I Calatayud, M Atabek, O Mujica, V AF Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty Palma, Julio L. Finkelstein-Shapiro, Daniel Keller, Arne Urdaneta, Ines Calatayud, Monica Atabek, Osman Mujica, Vladimiro TI SERS as a Probe of Charge-Transfer Pathways in Hybrid Dye/Molecule-Metal Oxide Complexes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; ELECTRON-TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; DISTRIBUTED POLARIZABILITY; MOLECULAR JUNCTIONS; ANCHORING GROUP; BASIS-SET; SYSTEMS; TIO2; 1ST-PRINCIPLES AB Interfacial charge transfer has been an area of intense interest because of its relevance in molecular electronics, dye-sensitized solar cells, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and photocatalysis. Although the chemical natures of both the contact and the linker have been shown to play important roles in determining the properties of hybrid dye/molecule-metal oxide complexes, little is known about the nature of the charge-transfer pathways. In this work, we explore in detail the idea that Raman enhancement and charge transfer are intimately related. To this end, we analyze the vibrational modes of molecules exhibiting the maximum enhancement of the Raman activities when they are adsorbed on semiconducting metal oxide nanoparticles. Our analysis of the potential energy distributions of these modes in the hybrid complexes indicates the significant involvement of bending and torsional modes of atoms deep within the metal oxide nanoparticle. Whereas the individual contribution of each of these oxide bending and torsional modes is very small (similar to 1%), their cumulative contribution (similar to 20-35%) is substantial. We found that the observed Raman enhancement can be correlated to changes in the magnitude of the atomic polarizabilities. More importantly, we note that there is a direct correlation between the observed Raman enhancement and the electron-transfer rates across the molecule-metal oxide interface. Although the current work is a step in our attempts to find a propensity rule connecting Raman enhancement and charge transfer through preferential modes, the involvement of the low-frequency torsional modes of the metal oxide implies that modes involving both the molecule and atoms deep inside the nanoparticle could be responsible for the bulk of charge transfer. The results of the current work are also relevant in understanding the nature of charge-transfer pathways in dye-sensitized solar cells and photoinduced catalysis. The identification of vibrational modes involved in enhancement of the Raman response could lead to interesting insights into interfacial energy transfer and thermoelectric effects in nanosystems. C1 [Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty; Finkelstein-Shapiro, Daniel; Mujica, Vladimiro] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Palma, Julio L.] Arizona State Univ, Ctr Biosensors & Bioelect, Biodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Keller, Arne; Urdaneta, Ines; Atabek, Osman] CNRS, Inst Mol Sci, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Keller, Arne; Urdaneta, Ines; Atabek, Osman] Univ Paris 11, UMR8214, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Urdaneta, Ines; Calatayud, Monica] CNRS, Lab Chim Theor, UMR 7616, F-75005 Paris, France. [Calatayud, Monica] Univ Paris 06, Lab Chim Theor, UMR 7616, F-75005 Paris, France. [Calatayud, Monica] Inst Univ France, Paris, France. [Mujica, Vladimiro] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Mujica, Vladimiro] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tarakeshwar, P (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM tarakesh@asu.edu; vmujica@asu.edu RI Calatayud, Monica/C-8308-2013; Tarakeshwar, P./B-6609-2008; OI Calatayud, Monica/0000-0003-0555-8938; Tarakeshwar, P./0000-0002-0893-0670; Finkelstein Shapiro, Daniel/0000-0001-8015-5376 FU National Science Foundation (USA) [CHE-1124895]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) [ANR-11-NS04-0001] FX We acknowledge support from the joint project of the National Science Foundation (USA) through Grant CHE-1124895 and Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) through Grant ANR-11-NS04-0001 under the FRAMOLSENT program. We thank Dr. Henrik Lofas for providing the python scripts to visualize the bond currents. NR 72 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 118 IS 7 BP 3774 EP 3782 DI 10.1021/jp410725w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA AB5XJ UT WOS:000331861700045 ER PT J AU Li, H Catanzaro, MJ Tretiak, S Chernyak, VY AF Li, Hao Catanzaro, Michael J. Tretiak, Sergei Chernyak, Vladimir Y. TI Excited-State Structure Modifications Due to Molecular Substituents and Exciton Scattering in Conjugated Molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERS; COMPUTATIONS; LOCALIZATION; DENDRIMERS; OLIGOMERS AB Attachment of chemical substituents (such as polar moieties) constitutes an efficient and convenient way to modify physical and chemical properties of conjugated polymers and oligomers. Associated modifications in the molecular electronic states can be comprehensively described by examining scattering of excitons in the polymer's backbone at the scattering center representing the chemical substituent. Here, we implement effective tight-binding models as a tool to examine the analytical properties of the exciton scattering matrices in semi-infinite polymer chains with substitutions. We demonstrate that chemical interactions between the substitution and attached polymer are adequately described by the analytical properties of the scattering matrices. In particular, resonant and bound electronic excitations are expressed via the positions of zeros and poles of the scattering amplitude, analytically continued to complex values of exciton quasi-momenta. We exemplify the formulated concepts by analyzing excited states in conjugated phenylacetylenes substituted by perylene. C1 [Li, Hao; Tretiak, Sergei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tretiak, Sergei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Catanzaro, Michael J.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Math, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Chernyak, Vladimir Y.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Tretiak, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@lanl.gov; chernyak@chem.wayne.edu RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009; Chernyak, Vladimir/F-5842-2016 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647; Chernyak, Vladimir/0000-0003-4389-4238 FU National Science Foundation [CHE- 1111350]; U.S. Department of Energy through the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) LDRD Program; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Center for Integrated Nanotechnology (CINT); Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CHE- 1111350. We acknowledge support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) LDRD Program. LANL is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under CVontract DE-AC52-06NA25396. We acknowledge support of the Center for Integrated Nanotechnology (CINT) and the Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 5 IS 4 BP 641 EP 647 DI 10.1021/jz4027198 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AB5XB UT WOS:000331860900001 PM 26270830 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hartl, C Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Kratschmer, I Liko, D Mikulec, I Rabady, D Rahbaran, B Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Treberer-Treberspurg, W Waltenberger, W Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Alderweireldt, S Bansal, M Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Knutsson, A Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Heracleous, N Kalogeropoulos, A Keaveney, J Kim, TJ Lowette, S Maes, M Olbrechts, A Strom, D Tavernier, S Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Caillol, C Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Favart, L Gay, APR Leonard, A Marage, PE Mohammadi, A Pernie, L Reis, T Seva, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wang, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Benucci, L Cimmino, A Costantini, S Dildick, S Garcia, G Klein, B Lellouch, J Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Diblen, SS Sigamani, M Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Beluffi, C Bruno, G Castello, R Caudron, A Ceard, L Da Silveira, GG Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Jez, P Komm, M Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Popov, A Quertenmont, L Selvaggi, M Marono, MV Garcia, JMV Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Chinellato, J Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Damiao, DD Martins, CD De Souza, SF Malbouisson, H Malek, M Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Da Silva, WLP Santaolalla, J Santoro, A Sznajder, A Manganote, EJT Pereira, AV Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Marinov, A Piperov, S Rodozov, M Sultanov, G Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Glushkov, I Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Chen, M Du, R Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Plestina, R Tao, J Wang, X Wang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, Y Li, Q Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Wang, D Zhang, L Zou, W Avila, C Montoya, CAC Sierra, LFC Florez, C Gomez, JP Moreno, BG Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Kadija, K Luetic, J Mekterovic, D Morovic, S Tikvica, L Attikis, A Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Abdelalim, AA Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kamel, AE Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Murumaa, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Wendland, L Tuuva, T Besancon, M Couderc, F Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Nayak, A Rander, J Rosowsky, A Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dalchenko, M Dobrzynski, L Florent, A de Cassagnac, RG Mine, P Mironov, C Naranjo, IN Nguyen, M Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Veelken, C Yilmaz, Y Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Brom, JM Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Goetzmann, C Juillot, P Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Gadrat, S Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Boudoul, G Brochet, S Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Fan, J Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Alvarez, JDR Sgandurra, L Sordini, V Vander Donckt, M Verdier, P Viret, S Xiao, H Tsamalaidze, Z Autermann, C Beranek, S Bontenackels, M Calpas, B Edelhoff, M Feld, L Hindrichs, O Klein, K Ostapchuk, A Perieanu, A Raupach, F Sammet, J Schael, S Sprenger, D Weber, H Wittmer, B Zhukov, V Ata, M Caudron, J Dietz-Laursonn, E Duchardt, D Erdmann, M Fischer, R Guth, A Hebbeker, T Heidemann, C Hoepfner, K Klingebiel, D Knutzen, S Kreuzer, P Merschmeyer, M Meyer, A Olschewski, M Padeken, K Papacz, P Reithler, H Schmitz, SA Sonnenschein, L Teyssier, D Thuer, S Weber, M Cherepanov, V Erdogan, Y Flugge, G Geenen, H Geisler, M Ahmad, WH Hoehle, F Kargoll, B Kress, T Kuessel, Y Lingemann, J Nowack, A Nugent, IM Perchalla, L Pooth, O Stahl, A Asin, I Bartosik, N Behr, J Behrenhoff, W Behrens, U Bell, AJ Bergholz, M Bethani, A Borras, K Burgmeier, A Cakir, A Calligaris, L Campbell, A Choudhury, S Costanza, F Pardos, CD Dooling, S Dorland, T Eckerlin, G Eckstein, D Eichhorn, T Flucke, G Geiser, A Grebenyuk, A Gunnellini, P Habib, S Hauk, J Hellwig, G Hempel, M Horton, D Jung, H Kasemann, M Katsas, P Kieseler, J Kleinwort, C Kramer, M Krucker, D Lange, W Leonard, J Lipka, K Lohmann, W Lutz, B Mankel, R Marfin, I Melzer-Pellmann, IA Meyer, AB Mnich, J Mussgiller, A Naumann-Emme, S Novgorodova, O Nowak, F Perrey, H Petrukhin, A Pitzl, D Placakyte, R Raspereza, A Cipriano, PMR Riedl, C Ron, E Sahin, MO Salfeld-Nebgen, J Schmidt, R Schoerner-Sadenius, T Schroder, M Stein, M Trevino, ADRV Walsh, R Wissing, C Martin, MA Blobel, V Enderle, H Erfle, J Garutti, E Gorner, M Gosselink, M Haller, J Heine, K Hoing, RS Kirschenmann, H Klanner, R Kogler, R Lange, J Marchesini, I Ott, J Peiffer, T Pietsch, N Rathjens, D Sander, C Schettler, H Schleper, P Schlieckau, E Schmidt, A Seidel, M Sibille, J Sola, V Stadie, H Steinbruck, G Troendle, D Usai, E Vanelderen, L Barth, C Baus, C Berger, J Boser, C Butz, E Chwalek, T De Boer, W Descroix, A Dierlamm, A Feindt, M Guthoff, M Hartmann, F Hauth, T Held, H Hoffmann, KH Husemann, U Katkov, I Kornmayer, A Kuznetsova, E Pardo, PL Martschei, D Mozer, MU Muller, T Niegel, M Nurnberg, A Oberst, O Quast, G Rabbertz, K Ratnikov, F Rocker, S Schilling, FP Schott, G Simonis, HJ Stober, FM Ulrich, R Wagner-Kuhr, J Wayand, S Weiler, T Wolf, R Zeise, M Anagnostou, G Daskalakis, G Geralis, T Kesisoglou, S Kyriakis, A Loukas, D Markou, A Markou, C Ntomari, E Topsis-giotis, I Gouskos, L Panagiotou, A Saoulidou, N Stiliaris, E Aslanoglou, X Evangelou, I Flouris, G Foudas, C Kokkas, P Manthos, N Papadopoulos, I Paradas, E Bencze, G Hajdu, C Hidas, P Horvath, D Sikler, F Veszpremi, V Vesztergombi, G Zsigmond, AJ Beni, N Czellar, S Molnar, J Palinkas, J Szillasi, Z Karancsi, J Raics, P Trocsanyi, ZL Ujvari, B Swain, SK Beri, SB Bhatnagar, V Dhingra, N Gupta, R Kaur, M Mehta, MZ Mittal, M Nishu, N Sharma, A Singh, JB Kumar, A Kumar, A Ahuja, S Bhardwaj, A 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Studies of azimuthal dihadron correlations in ultra-central PbPb collisions at=2.76 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Relativistic heavy ion physics; Heavy Ions; harmonic flow ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DEPENDENCE; ELLIPTIC FLOW; ECCENTRICITY FLUCTUATIONS; ANGULAR-CORRELATIONS; ROOT-S(NN)=2.76 TEV; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; SPECTRA; MATTER AB Azimuthal dihadron correlations of charged particles have been measured in PbPb collisions at = 2.76TeV by the CMS collaboration, using data from the 2011 LHC heavy-ion run. The data set includes a sample of ultra-central (0-0.2% centrality) PbPb events collected using a trigger based on total transverse energy in the hadron forward calorimeters and the total multiplicity of pixel clusters in the silicon pixel tracker. A total of about 1.8 million ultra-central events were recorded, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 120 mu b -aEuro parts per thousand 1. The observed correlations in ultra-central PbPb events are expected to be particularly sensitive to initial-state fluctuations. The single-particle anisotropy Fourier harmonics, from v (2) to v (6), are extracted as a function of particle transverse momentum. At higher transverse momentum, the v (2) harmonic becomes significantly smaller than the higher-order v (n) (n a parts per thousand yenaEuro parts per thousand 3). The p (T)-averaged v (2) and v (3) are found to be equal within 2%, while higher-order v (n) decrease as n increases. The breakdown of factorization of dihadron correlations into single-particle azimuthal anisotropies is observed. This effect is found to be most prominent in the ultra-central PbPb collisions, where the initial-state fluctuations play a dominant role. A comparison of the factorization data to hydrodynamic predictions with event-by-event fluctuating initial conditions is also presented. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hartl, C.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knuenz, V.; Krammer, M.; Kraetschmer, I.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Rabady, D.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Treberer-Treberspurg, W.; Waltenberger, W.; Wulz, C-E] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Alderweireldt, S.; Bansal, M.; Bansal, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Knutsson, A.; Luyckx, S.; Mucibello, L.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Rougny, R.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Heracleous, N.; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Keaveney, J.; Kim, T. J.; Lowette, S.; Maes, M.; Olbrechts, A.; Strom, D.; Tavernier, S.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.; Giammanco, A.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [Caillol, C.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Favart, L.; Gay, A. P. R.; Leonard, A.; Marage, P. E.; Mohammadi, A.; Pernie, L.; Reis, T.; Seva, T.; Thomas, L.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wang, J.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Adler, V.; Beernaert, K.; Benucci, L.; Cimmino, A.; Costantini, S.; Dildick, S.; Garcia, G.; Klein, B.; Lellouch, J.; Mccartin, J.; Rios, A. A. Ocampo; Ryckbosch, D.; Diblen, S. Salva; Sigamani, M.; Strobbe, N.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Walsh, S.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.; Chinellato, J.; Tonelli Manganote, E. J.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Basegmez, S.; Beluffi, C.; Bruno, G.; Castello, R.; Caudron, A.; Ceard, L.; Da Silveira, G. G.; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Hollar, J.; Jez, P.; Komm, M.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Popov, A.; Quertenmont, L.; Selvaggi, M.; Marono, M. Vidal; Garcia, J. M. Vizan] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.; Hammad, G. H.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Alves, G. A.; Correa Martins Junior, M.; Martins, T.; Pol, M. E.; Souza, M. H. G.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Alda Junior, W. L.; Carvalho, W.; Chinellato, J.; Custodio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; De Jesus Damiao, D.; De Oliveira Martins, C.; Fonseca De Souza, S.; Malbouisson, H.; Malek, M.; Matos Figueiredo, D.; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Prado Da Silva, W. L.; Santaolalla, J.; Santoro, A.; Sznajder, A.; Tonelli Manganote, E. J.; Vilela Pereira, A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Dias, F. A.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R.; Lagana, C.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Marinov, A.; Piperov, S.; Rodozov, M.; Sultanov, G.; Vutova, M.] Inst Nucl Energy Res, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dimitrov, A.; Glushkov, I.; Hadjiiska, R.; Kozhuharov, V.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Chen, M.; Du, R.; Jiang, C. H.; Liang, D.; Liang, S.; Meng, X.; Plestina, R.; Tao, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Guo, Y.; Li, Q.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Wang, D.; Zhang, L.; Zou, W.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Avila, C.; Carrillo Montoya, C. A.; Chaparro Sierra, L. F.; Florez, C.; Gomez, J. P.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Mekterovic, D.; Morovic, S.; Tikvica, L.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Assran, Y.; Elgammal, S.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Murumaa, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Harkonen, J.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Besancon, M.; Couderc, F.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Nayak, A.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dalchenko, M.; Dobrzynski, L.; Florent, A.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Mironov, C.; Naranjo, I. N.; Nguyen, M.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Veelken, C.; Yilmaz, Y.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.; Miner, D. C.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Alderweireldt, S.; Bansal, M.; Bansal, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Knutsson, A.; Luyckx, S.; Mucibello, L.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Rougny, R.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.; Beluffi, C.; Agram, J-L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Brom, J-M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J-C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Goetzmann, C.; Juillot, P.; Le Bihan, A-C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Gadrat, S.] CNRS, Ctr Calcul, IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Boudoul, G.; Brochet, S.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Fan, J.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Alvarez, J. D. Ruiz; Sgandurra, L.; Sordini, V.; Vander Donckt, M.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.; Xiao, H.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Tsamalaidze, Z.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Klein, B.; Autermann, C.; Beranek, S.; Bontenackels, M.; Calpas, B.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Hindrichs, O.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Duchardt, D.; Erdmann, M.; Fischer, R.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klingebiel, D.; Knutzen, S.; Kreuzer, P.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Padeken, K.; Papacz, P.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Teyssier, D.; Thueer, S.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Cherepanov, V.; Erdogan, Y.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Lingemann, J.; Nowack, A.; Nugent, I. M.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Stahl, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Asin, I.; Bartosik, N.; Behr, J.; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bell, A. J.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Choudhury, S.; Costanza, F.; Pardos, C. Diez; Dooling, S.; Dorland, T.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Eichhorn, T.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Grebenyuk, A.; Gunnellini, P.; Habib, S.; Hauk, J.; Hellwig, G.; Hempel, M.; Horton, D.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kieseler, J.; Kleinwort, C.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Lange, W.; Leonard, J.; Lipka, K.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Melzer-Pellmann, I-A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Novgorodova, O.; Nowak, F.; Perrey, H.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Placakyte, R.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Riedl, C.; Ron, E.; Sahin, M. Oe; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Schroeder, M.; Stein, M.; Trevino, A. D. R. Vargas; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Blobel, V.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Garutti, E.; Goerner, M.; Gosselink, M.; Haller, J.; Heine, K.; Hoeing, R. S.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Kogler, R.; Lange, J.; Marchesini, I.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Pietsch, N.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Seidel, M.; Sibille, J.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Troendle, D.; Usai, E.; Vanelderen, L.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Baus, C.; Berger, J.; Boeser, C.; Butz, E.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Katkov, I.; Kornmayer, A.; Kuznetsova, E.; Pardo, P. Lobelle; Martschei, D.; Mozer, M. U.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Roecker, S.; Schilling, F-P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Wolf, R.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Anagnostou, G.; Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Ntomari, E.; Topsis-giotis, I.] NCSR Demokritos, INPP, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Aslanoglou, X.; Evangelou, I.; Flouris, G.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Paradas, E.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.; Zsigmond, A. J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. [Swain, S. K.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Kaur, M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Mittal, M.; Nishu, N.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J. B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Arun; Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Saxena, P.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Singh, J. B.; Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Chatterjee, K.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Modak, A.; Mukherjee, S.; Roy, D.; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.; Topkar, A.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Chatterjee, R. M.; Ganguly, S.; Ghosh, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Kole, G.; Kumar, S.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Guchait, M.; Dugad, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Behnamian, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Naseri, M.; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Grunewald, M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Radogna, R.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.; Verwilligen, P.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pompili, A.; Radogna, R.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Campanini, R.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Codispoti, G.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Guiducci, L.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Tosi, N.; Travaglini, R.; Cavallo, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Campanini, R.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Codispoti, G.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Guiducci, L.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Tosi, N.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Giordano, F.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.; Costa, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. CSFNSM, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Gori, V.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Gonzi, S.; Gori, V.; Lenzi, P.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Ferretti, R.; Ferro, F.; Lo Vetere, M.; Musenich, R.; Robutti, E.; Tosi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Ferretti, R.; Lo Vetere, M.; Tosi, S.] Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; Dinardo, M. E.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Govoni, P.; Lucchini, M. T.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Dinardo, M. E.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Govoni, P.; Lucchini, M. T.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Cavallo, N.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Iorio, A. O. M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Cavallo, F. R.; Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata Potenza, Naples, Italy. [Meola, S.] Univ G Marconi Roma, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Biasotto, M.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Galanti, M.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Montecassiano, F.; Passaseo, M.; Pazzini, J.; Pegoraro, M.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Galanti, M.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Androsov, K.; Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; Ciocci, M. A.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Grippo, M. T.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Moon, C. S.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Savoy-Navarro, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.; Vernieri, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.; Vernieri, C.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Broccolo, G.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Grassi, M.; Jorda, C.; Longo, E.; Margaroli, F.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.; Soffi, L.; Traczyk, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Margaroli, F.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Traczyk, P.] Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Bellan, R.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Degano, A.; Demaria, N.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ortona, G.; Pacher, L.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Tamponi, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Bellan, R.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Degano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Ortona, G.; Pacher, L.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Casarsa, M.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; La Licata, C.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.; Umer, T.; Zanetti, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelise, V.; Della Ricca, G.; La Licata, C.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.; Umer, T.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Chang, S.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, S.; Oh, Y. D.; Park, H.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, Y.; Lee, K. S.; Park, S. K.; Roh, Y.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Lee, S.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De la Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Butt, J.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bialkowska, H.; Bluj, M.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Misiura, M.; Wolszczak, W.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bargassa, P.; Beirao Da Cruz E Silva, C.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Nguyen, F.; Rodrigues Antunes, J.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Tsamalaidze, Z.; Afanasiev, S.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Matveev, V.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Skatchkov, N.; Smirnov, V.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Matveev, V.; Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Spiridonov, A.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Caillol, C.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Favart, L.; Gay, A. P. R.; Leonard, A.; Marage, P. E.; Mohammadi, A.; Pernie, L.; Reis, T.; Seva, T.; Thomas, L.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wang, J.; Popov, A.; Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Demiyanov, A.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Korotkikh, V.; Lokhtin, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Petrushanko, S.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.; Vardanyan, I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Kachanov, V.; Kalinin, A.; Konstantinov, D.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De la Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Navarro De Martino, E.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Rabady, D.; Bloch, D.; Lingemann, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Kornmayer, A.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; Seixas, J.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Bachtis, M.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bendavid, J.; Benhabib, L.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Bondu, O.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Colafranceschi, S.; D'Alfonso, M.; d'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; David, A.; De Guio, F.; De Roeck, A.; De Visscher, S.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Eugster, J.; Franzoni, G.; Funk, W.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Girone, M.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hammer, J.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Krajczar, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lourenco, C.; Magini, N.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moortgat, F.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Petrucciani, G.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Plagge, M.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Rolandi, G.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Sekmen, S.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Steggemann, J.; Stieger, B.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. 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Ivova; Kilminster, B.; Mejias, B. Millan; Ngadiuba, J.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Taroni, S.; Verzetti, M.; Yang, Y.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Cardaci, M.; Chen, K. H.; Ferro, C.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Lu, Y. J.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Chen, P. H.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W-S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Liu, Y. F.; Lu, R-S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.; Wilken, R.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Asavapibhop, B.; Suwonjandee, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Karapinar, G.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Guelmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Bahtiyar, H.; Barlas, E.; Cankocak, K.; Vardarli, F. I.; Yuecel, M.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.; Sorokin, P.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Jacob, J.; Kreczko, L.; Lucas, C.; Meng, Z.; Newbold, D. M.; Paramesvaran, S.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Ilic, J.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Thea, A.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.; Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Baber, M.; Bainbridge, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Burton, D.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Kenzie, M.; Lane, R.; Lucas, R.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A-M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Dittmann, J.; Hatakeyama, K.; Kasmi, A.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Cooper, S. I.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; St John, J.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Alimena, J.; Christopher, G.; Cutts, D.; Demiragli, Z.; Ferapontov, A.; Garabedian, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Swanson, J.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Pilot, J.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Shalhout, S.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Wilbur, S.; Yohay, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gay, A. P. R.; Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Felcini, M.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Takasugi, E.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Hanson, G.; Heilman, J.; Jandir, P.; Lacroix, F.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Malberti, M.; Nguyen, H.; Shrinivas, A.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Evans, D.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Kovalskyi, D.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Campagnari, C.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Golf, F.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Villalba, R. Magana; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Basegmez, S.; Beluffi, C.; Bruno, G.; Castello, R.; Caudron, A.; Ceard, L.; Da Silveira, G. G.; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Hollar, J.; Jez, P.; Komm, M.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Popov, A.; Quertenmont, L.; Selvaggi, M.; Marono, M. Vidal; Garcia, J. M. Vizan; Dias, F. A.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Kcira, D.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Pena, C.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Gray, L.; Green, D.; Gruenendahl, S.; Gutsche, O.; Hare, D.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kaadze, K.; Klima, B.; Kwan, S.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Outschoorn, V. I. Martinez; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Nahn, S.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Ratnikova, N.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitbeck, A.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yun, J. C.; Martinez, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Rinkevicius, A.; Shchutska, L.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Yumiceva, F.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Apanasevich, L.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kurt, P.; Moon, D. H.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Dilsiz, K.; Duru, F.; Merlo, J-P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Ogul, H.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tan, P.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Gritsan, A. V.; Maksimovic, P.; Martin, C.; Swartz, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Sekaric, J.; Stringer, R.; Wang, Q.; Wood, J. S.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Saini, L. K.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Rebassoo, F.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Barbieri, R.; Bauer, G.; Busza, W.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Di Matteo, L.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Gulhan, D.; Klute, M.; Lai, Y. S.; Lee, Y-J.; Levin, A.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Velicanu, D.; Veverka, J.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.; Zhukova, V.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Oliveros, S.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Keller, J.; Knowlton, D.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malik, S.; Meier, F.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Kumar, A.; Dolen, J.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Rappoccio, S.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Massironi, A.; Nash, D.; Orimoto, T.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Hahn, K. 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Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Lo Vetere, Maurizio/0000-0002-6520-4480; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/0000-0002-3240-6270; FU BMWF (Austria); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEPCenter (Thailand); IPST (Thailand); STAR (Thailand); NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (U.S.A.); NSF (U.S.A.); Marie-Curie programme (European Union); European Research Council (European Union); EPLANET (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of Czech Republic; Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science; EU, Regional Development Fund; Thalis and Aristeia programmes; EU-ESF; Greek NSRF FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.).; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and EPLANET (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, co-financed by EU, Regional Development Fund; and the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF. NR 42 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 89 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 088 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)088 PG 38 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AB7MQ UT WOS:000331974800001 ER PT J AU Herrmann, M AF Herrmann, Mark TI PLASMA PHYSICS A promising advance in nuclear fusion SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Pulsed Power Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Herrmann, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Pulsed Power Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mherrma@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 39 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 506 IS 7488 BP 302 EP 303 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB0JL UT WOS:000331477800026 PM 24522529 ER PT J AU Grefenstette, BW Harrison, FA Boggs, SE Reynolds, SP Fryer, CL Madsen, KK Wik, DR Zoglauer, A Ellinger, CI Alexander, DM An, H Barret, D Christensen, FE Craig, WW Forster, K Giommi, P Hailey, CJ Hornstrup, A Kaspi, VM Kitaguchi, T Koglin, JE Mao, PH Miyasaka, H Mori, K Perri, M Pivovaroff, MJ Puccetti, S Rana, V Stern, D Westergaard, NJ Zhang, WW AF Grefenstette, B. W. Harrison, F. A. Boggs, S. E. Reynolds, S. P. Fryer, C. L. Madsen, K. K. Wik, D. R. Zoglauer, A. Ellinger, C. I. Alexander, D. M. An, H. Barret, D. Christensen, F. E. Craig, W. W. Forster, K. Giommi, P. Hailey, C. J. Hornstrup, A. Kaspi, V. M. Kitaguchi, T. Koglin, J. E. Mao, P. H. Miyasaka, H. Mori, K. Perri, M. Pivovaroff, M. J. Puccetti, S. Rana, V. Stern, D. Westergaard, N. J. Zhang, W. W. TI Asymmetries in core-collapse supernovae from maps of radioactive Ti-44 in Cassiopeia A SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; A SUPERNOVA; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; REMNANT CASSIOPEIA; CAS-A; EXPLOSION; EJECTA; STARS; IIB; HYDRODYNAMICS AB Asymmetry is required by most numerical simulations of stellar core-collapse explosions, but the form it takes differs significantly among models. The spatial distribution of radioactive Ti-44, synthesized in an exploding star near the boundary between material falling back onto the collapsing core and that ejected into the surrounding medium(1), directly probes the explosion asymmetries. Cassiopeia A is a young(2), nearby(3), core-collapse(4) remnant from which Ti-44 emission has previously been detected(5-8) but not imaged. Asymmetries in the explosion have been indirectly inferred from a high ratio of observed Ti-44 emission to estimated Ni-56 emission(9), from optical light echoes(10), and from jet-like features seen in the X-ray(11) and optical(12) ejecta. Here we report spatial maps and spectral properties of the Ti-44 in Cassiopeia A. This may explain the unexpected lack of correlation between the Ti-44 and iron X-ray emission, the latter being visible only in shock-heated material. The observed spatial distribution rules out symmetric explosions even with a high level of convective mixing, as well as highly asymmetric bipolar explosions resulting from a fast-rotating progenitor. Instead, these observations provide strong evidence for the development of low-mode convective instabilities in core-collapse supernovae. C1 [Grefenstette, B. W.; Harrison, F. A.; Madsen, K. K.; Forster, K.; Mao, P. H.; Miyasaka, H.; Rana, V.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Boggs, S. E.; Zoglauer, A.; Craig, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reynolds, S. P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fryer, C. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wik, D. R.; Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ellinger, C. I.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Alexander, D. M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [An, H.; Kaspi, V. M.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Barret, D.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Barret, D.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Christensen, F. E.; Hornstrup, A.; Westergaard, N. J.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, W. W.; Pivovaroff, M. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Giommi, P.; Perri, M.; Puccetti, S.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Hailey, C. J.; Mori, K.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kitaguchi, T.] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Koglin, J. E.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Perri, M.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Grefenstette, BW (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM bwgref@srl.caltech.edu; fiona@srl.caltech.edu RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014; Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816; Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; Perri, Matteo/0000-0003-3613-4409; Puccetti, Simonetta/0000-0002-2734-7835; Alexander, David/0000-0002-5896-6313 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; NASA FX This work was supported by NASA under grant no. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) mission, a project led by Caltech, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and funded by NASA. We thank the NuSTAR operations, software and calibration teams for support with execution and analysis of these observations. NR 40 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 506 IS 7488 BP 339 EP + DI 10.1038/nature12997 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB0JL UT WOS:000331477800035 PM 24553239 ER PT J AU Hurricane, OA Callahan, DA Casey, DT Celliers, PM Cerjan, C Dewald, EL Dittrich, TR Doppner, T Hinkel, DE Hopkins, LFB Kline, JL Le Pape, S Ma, T MacPhee, AG Milovich, JL Pak, A Park, HS Patel, PK Remington, BA Salmonson, JD Springer, PT Tommasini, R AF Hurricane, O. A. Callahan, D. A. Casey, D. T. Celliers, P. M. Cerjan, C. Dewald, E. L. Dittrich, T. R. Doeppner, T. Hinkel, D. E. Hopkins, L. F. Berzak Kline, J. L. Le Pape, S. Ma, T. MacPhee, A. G. Milovich, J. L. Pak, A. Park, H. -S. Patel, P. K. Remington, B. A. Salmonson, J. D. Springer, P. T. Tommasini, R. TI Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY AB Ignition is needed to make fusion energy a viable alternative energy source, but has yet to be achieved(1). A key step on the way to ignition is to have the energy generated through fusion reactions in an inertially confined fusion plasma exceed the amount of energy deposited into the deuterium-tritium fusion fuel and hotspot during the implosion process, resulting in a fuel gain greater than unity. Here we report the achievement of fusion fuel gains exceeding unity on the US National Ignition Facility using a 'high-foot' implosion method(2,3), which is a manipulation of the laser pulse shape in a way that reduces instability in the implosion. These experiments show an order-of-magnitude improvement in yield performance over past deuterium-tritium implosion experiments. We also see a significant contribution to the yield from alpha-particle self-heating and evidence for the 'bootstrapping' required to accelerate the deuterium-tritium fusion burn to eventually 'run away' and ignite. C1 [Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Casey, D. T.; Celliers, P. M.; Cerjan, C.; Dewald, E. L.; Dittrich, T. R.; Doeppner, T.; Hinkel, D. E.; Hopkins, L. F. Berzak; Le Pape, S.; Ma, T.; MacPhee, A. G.; Milovich, J. L.; Pak, A.; Park, H. -S.; Patel, P. K.; Remington, B. A.; Salmonson, J. D.; Springer, P. T.; Tommasini, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hurricane, OA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM hurricane1@llnl.gov RI Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; lepape, sebastien/J-3010-2015; Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009; OI Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank P. Albright, J. Atherton, L. R. Benedetti, D. Bradley, J. A. Caggiano, R. Dylla-Spears, M. J. Edwards, W. H. Goldstein, B. Goodwin, S. Haan, A. Hamza, W. Hsing, P. Kervin, J. Kilkenny, B. Kozioziemski, O. Landen, J. Lindl, B. MacGowan, A. Mackinnon, N. Meezan, J. F. Meeker, J. Moody, E. Moses, D. Pilkington, T. Parham, J. Ralph, S. Ross, H. Robey, R. Rygg, B. Spears, R. Town, C. Verdon, A. Wan and B. Van Wonterghem, and the NIF operations, cryogenics and targets teams. We also thank V. Goncharov and J. Knauer for their advice, and R. Betti for bringing our attention to equation (3). Thanks also go to NIF's external collaborators at GA (targets), LLE (diagnostics), the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center (magnetic recoil spectrometer diagnostic), CEA and AWE. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 29 TC 249 Z9 255 U1 32 U2 145 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 506 IS 7488 BP 343 EP + DI 10.1038/nature13008 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB0JL UT WOS:000331477800036 PM 24522535 ER PT J AU Baringhaus, J Ruan, M Edler, F Tejeda, A Sicot, M Taleb-Ibrahimi, A Li, AP Jiang, ZG Conrad, EH Berger, C Tegenkamp, C de Heer, WA AF Baringhaus, Jens Ruan, Ming Edler, Frederik Tejeda, Antonio Sicot, Muriel Taleb-Ibrahimi, Amina Li, An-Ping Jiang, Zhigang Conrad, Edward H. Berger, Claire Tegenkamp, Christoph de Heer, Walt A. TI Exceptional ballistic transport in epitaxial graphene nanoribbons SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM; CONFINEMENT; CONDUCTANCE AB Graphene nanoribbons will be essential components in future graphene nanoelectronics(1). However, in typical nanoribbons produced from lithographically patterned exfoliated graphene, the charge carriers travel only about ten nanometres between scattering events, resulting in minimum sheet resistances of about one kilohm per square(2-5). Here we show that 40-nanometre-wide graphene nanoribbons epitaxially grown on silicon carbide(6,7) are single-channel room-temperature ballistic conductors on a length scale greater than ten micrometres, which is similar to the performance of metallic carbon nanotubes. This is equivalent to sheet resistances below 1 ohm per square, surpassing theoretical predictions for perfect graphene(8) by at least an order of magnitude. In neutral graphene ribbons, we show that transport is dominated by two modes. One is ballistic and temperature independent; the other is thermally activated. Transport is protected from back-scattering, possibly reflecting ground-state properties of neutral graphene. At room temperature, the resistance of both modes is found to increase abruptly at a particular length-the ballistic mode at 16 micrometres and the other at 160 nanometres. Our epitaxial graphene nanoribbons will be important not only in fundamental science, but also-because they can be readily produced in thousands-in advanced nanoelectronics, which can make use of their room-temperature ballistic transport properties. C1 [Baringhaus, Jens; Edler, Frederik; Tegenkamp, Christoph] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Festkorperphys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Ruan, Ming; Jiang, Zhigang; Conrad, Edward H.; Berger, Claire; de Heer, Walt A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Tejeda, Antonio; Sicot, Muriel] Univ Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7198, Inst Jean Lamour, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Tejeda, Antonio; Taleb-Ibrahimi, Amina] UR1 CNRS Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Li, An-Ping] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Berger, Claire] CNRS UJF INP, Inst Neel, F-38042 Grenoble 6, France. RP de Heer, WA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM walt.deheer@physics.gatech.edu RI Li, An-Ping/B-3191-2012; Tejeda, Antonio/C-4711-2014 OI Li, An-Ping/0000-0003-4400-7493; Tejeda, Antonio/0000-0003-0125-4603 FU German Research Foundation [1459]; AFOSR; NSF [MRSEC - DMR 0820382]; W. M. Keck Foundation; Partner University Fund; Scientific User Facilities Division, BES of the DOE FX C.T. thanks the German Research Foundation Priority Program 1459 'Graphene' for financial support. C. B., E. H. C. and W.A.d.H. thank R. Dong, P. Goldbart, Z. Guo, J. Hankinson, J. Hicks, Y. Hu, J. Kunc, M. Kindermann, D. Mayou, M. Nevius, J. Palmer, A. Sidorov and P. de Heer for assistance and comments. C. B., E. H. C. and W.A.d.H. thank the AFOSR, NSF (MRSEC - DMR 0820382), W. M. Keck Foundation and Partner University Fund for financial support. Work at ORNL was supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, BES of the DOE. NR 30 TC 186 Z9 186 U1 25 U2 400 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 506 IS 7488 BP 349 EP 354 DI 10.1038/nature12952 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB0JL UT WOS:000331477800037 PM 24499819 ER PT J AU Hashimoto, H Pais, JE Zhang, X Saleh, L Fu, ZQ Dai, N Correa, IR Zheng, Y Cheng, XD AF Hashimoto, Hideharu Pais, June E. Zhang, Xing Saleh, Lana Fu, Zheng-Qing Dai, Nan Correa, Ivan R., Jr. Zheng, Yu Cheng, Xiaodong TI Structure of a Naegleria Tet-like dioxygenase in complex with 5-methylcytosine DNA SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE CONTENT; HHAL METHYLTRANSFERASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAMMALIAN DNA; BASE; 5-CARBOXYLCYTOSINE; DEMETHYLATION; GLYCOSYLASE AB Cytosine residues in mammalian DNA occur in five forms: cytosine (C), 5-methylcytosine (5mC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). The ten-eleven translocation (Tet) dioxygenases convert 5mC to 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC in three consecutive, Fe(II)- and alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent oxidation reactions(1-4). The Tet family of dioxygenases is widely distributed across the tree of life(5), including in the heterolobosean amoeboflagellate Naegleria gruberi. The genome of Naegleria(6) encodes homologues of mammalian DNA methyltransferase and Tet proteins(7). Here we study biochemically and structurally one of the Naegleria Tet-like proteins (NgTet1), which shares significant sequence conservation (approximately 14% identity or 39% similarity) with mammalian Tet1. Like mammalian Tet proteins, NgTet1 acts on 5mC and generates 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC. The crystal structure of NgTet1 in complex with DNA containing a 5mCpG site revealed that NgTet1 uses a base-flipping mechanism to access 5mC. The DNA is contacted from the minor groove and bent towards the major groove. The flipped 5mC is positioned in the active-site pocket with planar stacking contacts, Watson-Crick polar hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions specific for 5mC. The sequence conservation between NgTet1 and mammalian Tet1, including residues involved in structural integrity and functional significance, suggests structural conservation across phyla. C1 [Hashimoto, Hideharu; Zhang, Xing; Cheng, Xiaodong] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pais, June E.; Saleh, Lana; Dai, Nan; Correa, Ivan R., Jr.; Zheng, Yu] New England Biolabs Inc, Ipswich, MA 01938 USA. [Fu, Zheng-Qing] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Fu, Zheng-Qing] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Sect 22, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Cheng, XD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, 1510 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM zhengy@neb.com; xcheng@emory.edu RI Dai, Nan/I-5950-2013; Hashimoto, Hideharu/C-2079-2012 OI Hashimoto, Hideharu/0000-0002-5674-5779 FU National Institutes of Health [GM049245, GM095209, GM105132] FX We thank R. J. Roberts who initiated this collaborative work, and participated both in the work and the writing of the manuscript. We thank J. R. Horton for critical comments and B. Baker for synthesizing the oligonucleotides. Y.Z. thanks C. Fulton for helpful discussions on N. gruberi biology. The Department of Biochemistry of Emory University School of Medicine supported the use of SER-CAT beamlines. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health GM049245 to X. C. (who is a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar) and GM095209 and GM105132 to Y.Z. NR 42 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 55 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 506 IS 7488 BP 391 EP + DI 10.1038/nature12905 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB0JL UT WOS:000331477800046 PM 24390346 ER PT J AU Karasiev, VV Sjostrom, T Dufty, J Trickey, SB AF Karasiev, Valentin V. Sjostrom, Travis Dufty, James Trickey, S. B. TI Accurate Homogeneous Electron Gas Exchange-Correlation Free Energy for Local Spin-Density Calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LAND-SJOLANDER APPROXIMATION; EQUATION-OF-STATE; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; LIQUIDS; PLASMAS; SYSTEMS AB An accurate analytical parametrization for the exchange-correlation free energy of the homogeneous electron gas, including interpolation for partial spin polarization, is derived via thermodynamic analysis of recent restricted path integral Monte Carlo (RPIMC) data. This parametrization constitutes the local spin density approximation (LSDA) for the exchange-correlation functional in density functional theory. The new finite-temperature LSDA reproduces the RPIMC data well, satisfies the correct high-density and low- and high-T asymptotic limits, and is well behaved beyond the range of the RPIMC data, suggestive of broad utility. C1 [Karasiev, Valentin V.; Trickey, S. B.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Karasiev, Valentin V.; Trickey, S. B.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sjostrom, Travis] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Dufty, James] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Karasiev, VV (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vkarasev@qtp.ufl.edu RI Karasiev, Valentin/J-2519-2012 OI Karasiev, Valentin/0000-0003-3445-6797 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0002139]; Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) FX We thank Ethan Brown for helpful correspondence and for providing the erratum to Ref. [19] prior to publication and Paul Grabowski and Aurora Pribram-Jones for a useful remark. We thank the University of Florida Research Computing Group for computational resources and technical support. V. V. K., J. D., and S. B. T. were supported by U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-SC0002139. T. S. was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (FES). NR 34 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 076403 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.076403 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7EY UT WOS:000331953300024 PM 24579621 ER PT J AU Li, GR Liang, LB Li, Q Pan, MH Nascimento, VB He, XB Karki, AB Meunier, V Jin, RY Zhang, JD Plummer, EW AF Li, Guorong Liang, Liangbo Li, Qing Pan, Minghu Nascimento, V. B. He, Xiaobo Karki, A. B. Meunier, Vincent Jin, Rongying Zhang, Jiandi Plummer, E. W. TI Role of Antiferromagnetic Ordering in the (1 x 2) Surface Reconstruction of Ca(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; PHASE AB Low energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, and first-principles spin-dependent density functional theory are utilized to investigate the geometric, electronic, and magnetic structures of the stripe-ordered (1 x 2) surface of Ca(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 (x = 0, 0.075). The surface is terminated with a 50% Ca layer. Compared to the bulk, the surface Ca layer has a large inward relaxation (similar to 0.5 angstrom), and the underneath As-Fe-2-As layer displays a significant buckling. First-principles calculations show that the (1 x 2) phase is stabilized by the bulk antiferromagnetic spin ordering through the spin-charge-lattice coupling. Strikingly, a superconducting gap (similar to 7 meV at 7.4 K) is observed to spatially coexist with the (1 x 2) phase (x = 0.075 compound). This implies the coexistence of both superconductivity and AFM ordering at the surface. C1 [Li, Guorong; Nascimento, V. B.; He, Xiaobo; Karki, A. B.; Jin, Rongying; Zhang, Jiandi; Plummer, E. W.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Liang, Liangbo; Meunier, Vincent] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Li, Qing; Pan, Minghu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Li, GR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RI Meunier, Vincent/F-9391-2010; Liang, Liangbo/H-4486-2011; Li, Guorong/C-3806-2015 OI Meunier, Vincent/0000-0002-7013-179X; Liang, Liangbo/0000-0003-1199-0049; FU NSF [DMR-1002622, DMR-1005562]; New York State under NYSTAR [C080117]; DOE FX Research at LSU is partially supported by NSF DMR-1002622 (G. L., R. J., E. W. P.) and DMR-1005562 (J. D.). Research at RPI is supported by the New York State under NYSTAR Contract No. C080117. Research at the CNMS (Q. L., M. P.) user facility at ORNL is supported by DOE. We would like to thank Jisun Kim for useful discussions. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 077205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.077205 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7EY UT WOS:000331953300032 PM 24579633 ER PT J AU Ma, C Wu, LJ Yin, WG Yang, HX Shi, HL Wang, ZW Li, JQ Homes, CC Zhu, YM AF Ma, Chao Wu, Lijun Yin, Wei-Guo Yang, Huaixin Shi, Honglong Wang, Zhiwei Li, Jianqi Homes, C. C. Zhu, Yimei TI Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY; ARSENIDE; RATIO AB We use a quantitative convergent beam electron diffraction based method to image the valence electron density distribution in Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2. We show a remarkable increase in both the charge quadrupole of the Fe cations and the charge dipole of the arsenic anions upon Co doping from x = 0 (T-c = 0 K) to x = 0.1 (T-c = 22.5 K). Our data suggest that an unexpected electronic correlation effect, namely strong coupling of Fe orbital fluctuation and anion electronic polarization, is present in iron-based superconductors. C1 [Ma, Chao; Wu, Lijun; Yin, Wei-Guo; Homes, C. C.; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ma, Chao; Yang, Huaixin; Shi, Honglong; Wang, Zhiwei; Li, Jianqi] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. RP Ma, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM wyin@bnl.gov; zhu@bnl.gov RI Ma, Chao/J-4569-2015; Wang, Zhiwei/B-5981-2016; Yin, Weiguo/A-9671-2014 OI Yin, Weiguo/0000-0002-4965-5329 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Basic Research Program of China 973 Program [2011CBA00101, 2012CB821404, 2011CB921703]; National Science Foundation of China [11190022, 11004229]; Chinese Academy of Sciences FX We are grateful to the late Myron Strongin for stimulating discussions throughout this project. We thank Laurence D. Marks for helpful communication. Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Work at Institute of Physics, CAS was supported by National Basic Research Program of China 973 Program (Grants No. 2011CBA00101, No. 2012CB821404, and No. 2011CB921703), the National Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 11190022 and No. 11004229) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 077001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.077001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7EY UT WOS:000331953300028 PM 24579626 ER PT J AU Nisoli, C Bishop, AR AF Nisoli, Cristiano Bishop, A. R. TI Attractive Inverse Square Potential, U(1) Gauge, and Winding Transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE ORDER; SINGULAR POTENTIALS; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; ENERGY-LEVELS; RENORMALIZATION; OPERATORS; POLYMERS; SYSTEMS; FORCES; ATOM AB The inverse square potential arises in a variety of different quantum phenomena, yet notoriously it must be handled with care: it suffers from pathologies rooted in the mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics. We show that its recently studied conformality breaking corresponds to an infinitely smooth winding-unwinding topological transition for the classical statistical mechanics of a one-dimensional system: this describes the tangling or untangling of floppy polymers under a biasing torque. When the ratio between torque and temperature exceeds a critical value the polymer undergoes tangled oscillations, with an extensive winding number. At lower torque or higher temperature the winding number per unit length is zero. Approaching criticality, the correlation length of the order parameter-the extensive winding number-follows a Kosterlitz-Thouless-type law. The model is described by the Wilson line of a (0 + 1) U(1) gauge theory, and applies to the tangling or untangling of floppy polymers and to the winding or diffusing kinetics in diffusion-convection reactions. C1 [Nisoli, Cristiano] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bishop, A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bishop, A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Directorate Sci Technol & Engn, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Nisoli, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cristiano.nisoli@gmail.com OI Nisoli, Cristiano/0000-0003-0053-1023 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DEAC52-06NA25396] FX C. N. is grateful to P. Lammert for discussions. This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DEAC52-06NA25396. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 070401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.070401 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7EY UT WOS:000331953300001 PM 24579570 ER PT J AU Zvyagin, SA Kamenskyi, D Ozerov, M Wosnitza, J Ikeda, M Fujita, T Hagiwara, M Smirnov, AI Soldatov, TA Shapiro, AY Krzystek, J Hu, R Ryu, H Petrovic, C Zhitomirsky, ME AF Zvyagin, S. A. Kamenskyi, D. Ozerov, M. Wosnitza, J. Ikeda, M. Fujita, T. Hagiwara, M. Smirnov, A. I. Soldatov, T. A. Shapiro, A. Ya. Krzystek, J. Hu, R. Ryu, H. Petrovic, C. Zhitomirsky, M. E. TI Direct Determination of Exchange Parameters in Cs2CuBr4 and Cs2CuCl4: High-Field Electron-Spin-Resonance Studies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ANTIFERROMAGNET CS2CUBR4; MAGNETIZATION PLATEAUS; TRIANGULAR-LATTICE; LIQUID; PHYSICS; CUGEO3 AB Spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets Cs2CuCl4 and Cs2CuBr4 with distorted triangular-lattice structures are studied by means of electron spin resonance spectroscopy in magnetic fields up to the saturation field and above. In the magnetically saturated phase, quantum fluctuations are fully suppressed, and the spin dynamics is defined by ordinary magnons. This allows us to accurately describe the magnetic excitation spectra in both materials and, using the harmonic spin-wave theory, to determine their exchange parameters. The viability of the proposed method was proven by applying it to Cs2CuCl4, yielding J/k(B) = 4.7(2) K, J'/k(B) = 1.42(7) K, [J'/J similar or equal to 0.30] and revealing good agreement with inelastic neutron-scattering results. For the isostructural Cs2CuBr4, we obtain J/k(B) = 14.9(7) K, J'/k(B) = 6.1(3) K, [J'/J similar or equal to 0.41], providing exact and conclusive information on the exchange couplings in this frustrated spin system. C1 [Zvyagin, S. A.; Kamenskyi, D.; Ozerov, M.; Wosnitza, J.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Dresden High Magnet Field Lab HLD, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Wosnitza, J.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Festkorperphys, D-01068 Dresden, Germany. [Ikeda, M.; Fujita, T.; Hagiwara, M.] Osaka Univ, KYOKUGEN, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. [Smirnov, A. I.] RAS, PL Kapitza Inst Phys Problems, Moscow 119334, Russia. [Soldatov, T. A.] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudnyi 141700, Russia. [Shapiro, A. Ya.] RAS, AV Shubnikov Crystallog Inst, Moscow 119333, Russia. [Krzystek, J.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Hu, R.; Ryu, H.; Petrovic, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ryu, H.; Petrovic, C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Zhitomirsky, M. E.] UMR E9001 CEA INAC UJF, Serv Phys Stat Magnetisme & Supraconductivite, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. RP Zvyagin, SA (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Dresden High Magnet Field Lab HLD, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. RI Zvyagin, Sergei/H-8389-2014; Kamenskyi, Dmytro/J-8530-2014; Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; Soldatov, Timofey/O-8947-2015; Smirnov, Alexander/S-2974-2016 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; Soldatov, Timofey/0000-0001-8492-112X; FU DFG; HLD at HZDR, member of the European Magnetic Field Laboratory (EMFL); Visiting Professor Program at KYOKUGEN in Osaka University; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; A. von Humboldt Foundation; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-02-00557]; NSF [DMR-1157490]; State of Florida FX This work was supported in part by the DFG. We acknowledge the support of the HLD at HZDR, member of the European Magnetic Field Laboratory (EMFL). S. A. Z. appreciates the support of the Visiting Professor Program at KYOKUGEN in Osaka University. Work at Brookhaven was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. C. P. acknowledges the support by the A. von Humboldt Foundation. Work at the Kapitza Institute is supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Grant No. 12-02-00557. A portion of this work was performed at the NHMFL, which is supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1157490, by the State of Florida, and by the U.S. DOE. The authors would like to thank V. N. Glazkov, A. K. Kolezhuk, V. I. Marchenko, S. S. Sosin, and O. A. Starykh for discussions, and S. Miyasaka for the help in orienting the CCB samples. NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 71 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. 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Zeman, M. Zemla, A. Zengel, K. Zenin, O. Zenis, T. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G. Zevi Zhang, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, L. Zhou, N. Zhu, C. G. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zibell, A. Zieminska, D. Zimin, N. I. Zimmermann, C. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Zinonos, Z. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. zur Nedden, M. Zurzolo, G. Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for a multi-Higgs-boson cascade in W(+)W(-)b(b)over-bar events with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; STANDARD MODEL; PAIR PRODUCTION; LHC; PHYSICS; SUPERSYMMETRY; PARTICLE AB A search is presented for new particles in an extension to the Standard Model that includes a heavy Higgs boson (H-0), an intermediate charged Higgs-boson pair (H-+/-), and a light Higgs boson (h(0)). The analysis searches for events involving the production of a single heavy neutral Higgs boson which decays to the charged Higgs boson and a W boson, where the charged Higgs boson subsequently decays into a W boson and the lightest neutral Higgs boson decaying to a bottom-antibottom-quark pair. Such a cascade results in a W-boson pair and a bottom-antibottom-quark pair in the final state. Events with exactly one lepton, missing transverse momentum, and at least four jets are selected from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb(-1), collected by the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root s = 8 TeV at the LHC. The data are found to be consistent with Standard Model predictions, and 95% confidence-level upper limits are set on the product of cross section and branching ratio. These limits range from 0.065 to 43 pb as a function of H-0 and H-+/- masses, with m(h)o fixed at 125 GeV. C1 [Jackson, P.; Soni, N.; White, M. J.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Edson, W.; Ernst, J.; Guindon, S.; Jain, V.] SUNY Albany, Dept Phys, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Butt, A. I.; Chan, K.; Gingrich, D. M.; Moore, R. W.; Pinfold, J. L.; Saddique, A.; Sbrizzi, A.; Subramania, H. S.; Vaque, F. Vives] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Cakir, O.; Ciftci, A. K.; Ciftci, R.; Yildiz, H. Duran; Kuday, S.] Ankara Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. [Yilmaz, M.] Gazi Univ, Dept Phys, Ankara, Turkey. [Sultansoy, S.] TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, Div Phys, Ankara, Turkey. [Cakir, I. Turk] Turkish Atom Energy Commiss, Ankara, Turkey. [Berger, N.; Colas, J.; Delmastro, M.; Di Ciaccio, L.; Doan, T. K. O.; Elles, S.; Goy, C.; Hryn'ova, T.; Jezequel, S.; Keoshkerian, H.; Koletsou, I.; Lafaye, R.; Leveque, J.; Lombardo, V. P.; Massol, N.; Petit, E.; Przysiezniak, H.; Sauvage, G.; Sauvan, E.; Schwoerer, M.; Simard, O.; Todorov, T.; Wingerter-Seez, I.; Zitoun, R.] CNRS, IN2P3, LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Berger, N.; Colas, J.; Delmastro, M.; Di Ciaccio, L.; Doan, T. K. O.; Elles, S.; Goy, C.; Hryn'ova, T.; Jezequel, S.; Keoshkerian, H.; Koletsou, I.; Lafaye, R.; Lombardo, V. P.; Massol, N.; Petit, E.; Przysiezniak, H.; Sauvage, G.; Sauvan, E.; Schwoerer, M.; Simard, O.; Todorov, T.; Wingerter-Seez, I.; Zitoun, R.] Univ Savoie, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Asquith, L.; Auerbach, B.; Blair, R. E.; Chekanov, S.; Feng, E. J.; Fernando, W.; Goshaw, A. T.; LeCompte, T.; Love, J.; Malon, D.; Nguyen, D. H.; Nodulman, L.; Paramonov, A.; Price, L. E.; Proudfoot, J.; Ferrando, B. M. Salvachua; Stanek, R. W.; van Gemmeren, P.; Vaniachine, A.; Yoshida, R.; Zhang, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cheu, E.; Johns, K. A.; Kaushik, V.; Lampen, C. L.; Lampl, W.; Lei, X.; Leone, R.; Loch, P.; O'grady, F.; Ruehr, F.; Rutherfoord, J. P.; Shupe, M. A.; Varnes, E. W.; Veatch, J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brandt, A.; Cote, D.; Darmora, S.; De, K.; Farbin, A.; Griffiths, J.; Hadavand, H. K.; Heelan, L.; Hernandez, C. M.; Maeno, M.; Nilsson, P.; Ozturk, N.; Pravahan, R.; Sarkisyan-Grinbaum, E.; Sosebee, M.; Spurlock, B.; Stradling, A. R.; Usai, G.; Vartapetian, A.; White, A.; Yu, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Angelidakis, S.; Antonaki, A.; Chouridou, S.; Fassouliotis, D.; Giokaris, N.; Ioannou, P.; Iordanidou, K.; Kourkoumelis, C.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.; Tsirintanis, N.] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. [Alexopoulos, T.; Byszewski, M.; Dris, M.; Gazis, E. N.; Iakovidis, G.; Karakostas, K.; Karastathis, N.; Leontsinis, S.; Maltezos, S.; Mountricha, E.; Ntekas, K.; Panagiotopoulou, E.; Papadopoulou, T. D.; Tsipolitis, G.; Vlachos, S.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Zografos, Greece. [Abdinov, O.; Ahmadov, F.; Huseynov, N.; Khalil-zada, F.] Azerbaijan Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Baku 370143, Azerbaijan. [Abdallah, J.; Bosman, M.; Caminal Armadans, R.; Casado, M. P.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Conidi, M. C.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Demirkoz, B.; Espinal Curull, X.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Gonzalez Parra, G.; Grinstein, S.; Juste Rozas, A.; Korolkov, I.; Le Menedeu, E.; Martinez, M.; Mir, L. M.; Montejo Berlingen, J.; Pacheco Pages, A.; Padilla Aranda, C.; Portell Bueso, X.; Riu, I.; Rubbo, F.; Succurro, A.; Tsiskaridze, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Abdallah, J.; Bosman, M.; Caminal Armadans, R.; Casado, M. P.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Conidi, M. C.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Demirkoz, B.; Espinal Curull, X.; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Gonzalez Parra, G.; Grinstein, S.; Juste Rozas, A.; Korolkov, I.; Le Menedeu, E.; Martinez, M.; Mir, L. M.; Montejo Berlingen, J.; Pacheco Pages, A.; Padilla Aranda, C.; Portell Bueso, X.; Riu, I.; Rubbo, F.; Succurro, A.; Tsiskaridze, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Krstic, J.; Popovic, D. S.; Sijacki, D.; Simic, L.] Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys, Belgrade, Serbia. [Agatonovic-Jovin, T.; Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I.; Cirkovic, P.; Mamuzic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Buanes, T.; Burgess, T.; Eigen, G.; Kastanas, A.; Liebig, W.; Lipniacka, A.; Rosendahl, P. L.; Sandaker, H.; Sjursen, T. B.; Stugu, B.; Ugland, M.] Univ Bergen, Dept Phys & Technol, Bergen, Norway. [Bach, A. M.; Barnett, R. M.; Beringer, J.; Biesiada, J.; Brandt, G.; Brosamer, J.; Calafiura, P.; Caminada, L. M.; Cerutti, F.; Ciocio, A.; Dube, S.; Einsweiler, K.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Gilchriese, M.; Haber, C.; Hance, M.; Heinemann, B.; Hinchliffe, I.; Holmes, T. R.; Hurwitz, M.; Lavrijsen, W.; Leggett, C.; Loscutoff, P.; Madaras, R. J.; Marshall, Z.; Ovcharova, A.; Griso, S. Pagan; Potamianos, K.; Pranko, A.; Quarrie, D. R.; Shapiro, M.; Skinnari, L. A.; Sood, A.; Tibbetts, M. J.; Tsulaia, V.; Varouchas, D.; Virzi, J.; Wang, H.; Yu, D. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bach, A. M.; Barnett, R. M.; Beringer, J.; Biesiada, J.; Brandt, G.; Brosamer, J.; Calafiura, P.; Caminada, L. M.; Cerutti, F.; Ciocio, A.; Clarke, R. N.; Cooke, M.; Copic, K.; Dube, S.; Einsweiler, K.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Gilchriese, M.; Haber, C.; Hance, M.; Heinemann, B.; Hinchliffe, I.; Holmes, T. R.; Hurwitz, M.; Lavrijsen, W.; Leggett, C.; Loscutoff, P.; Madaras, R. J.; Marshall, Z.; Ovcharova, A.; Griso, S. Pagan; Potamianos, K.; Pranko, A.; Quarrie, D. R.; Shapiro, M.; Skinnari, L. A.; Sood, A.; Tibbetts, M. J.; Tsulaia, V.; Varouchas, D.; Virzi, J.; Wang, H.; Yu, D. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Aliev, M.; Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Giorgi, F. M.; Grancagnolo, S.; Herbert, G. H.; Herrberg-Schubert, R.; Hristova, I.; Kind, O.; Kolanoski, H.; Kwee, R.; Lacker, H.; Leyton, M.; Lohse, T.; Nikiforov, A.; Rieck, P.; Schulz, H.; Wendland, D.; zur Nedden, M.] Humboldt Univ, Dept Phys, Berlin, Germany. [Agustoni, M.; Ancu, L. S.; Beck, H. P.; Borer, C.; Cervelli, A.; Ereditato, A.; Martin, T. Fonseca; Gallo, V.; Haug, S.; Kruker, T.; Marti, L. F.; Schneider, B.; Sciacca, F. G.; Stucci, S. A.; Weber, M. S.] Univ Bern, Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Ancu, L. S.; Augsten, K.; Beck, H. P.; Borer, C.; Cervelli, A.; Ereditato, A.; Martin, T. Fonseca; Gallo, V.; Haug, S.; Kruker, T.; Marti, L. F.; Schneider, B.; Sciacca, F. G.; Stucci, S. A.; Weber, M. S.] Univ Bern, High Energy Phys Lab, Bern, Switzerland. [Allbrooke, B. M. M.; Bella, L. Aperio; Bansil, H. S.; Bracinik, J.; Charlton, D. G.; Chisholm, A. S.; Daniells, A. C.; Hawkes, C. M.; Head, S. J.; Hillier, S. J.; Mahout, G.; Mclaughlan, T.; Mudd, R. D.; Quijada, J. A. Murillo; Newman, P. R.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Palmer, J. D.; Slater, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thompson, P. D.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Wilson, J. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arik, E.; Arik, M.; Istin, S.; Ozcan, V. E.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cetin, S. A.] Dogus Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Beddall, A. J.; Beddall, A.; Bingul, A.] Gaziantep Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Gaziantep, Turkey. [Bellagamba, L.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforio, D.; Corradi, M.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Franchini, M.; Gabrielli, A.; Giacobbe, B.; Grafstroem, P.; Jha, M. K.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Negrini, M.; Piccinini, M.; Polini, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Romano, M.; Sbarra, C.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Spighi, R.; Tupputi, S. A.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, Milan, Italy. [Bindi, M.; Caforio, D.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Franchini, M.; Gabrielli, A.; Grafstroem, P.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Romano, M.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Tupputi, S. A.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Bologna, Italy. [Abajyan, T.; Arslan, O.; Backhaus, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, C.; Glatzer, J.; Gonella, L.; Haefner, P.; Hageboeck, S.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Janssen, J.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. M.; Liebal, J.; Limbach, C.; Loddenkoetter, T.; Mergelmeyer, S.; Mueller, K.; Nanava, G.; Nattermann, T.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. -E.; Pohl, D.; Psoroulas, S.; Sarrazin, B.; Schaepe, S.; Schultens, M. J.; Schwindt, T.; Scutti, F.; Stillings, J. A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W.; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Urquijo, P.; Vogel, A.; von Toerne, E.; Wagner, P.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, P.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Wong, K. H. Yau; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Bernard, C.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Helary, L.; Kruskal, M.; Shank, J. T.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Amundsen, G.; Artoni, G.; Bensinger, J. R.; Bianchini, L.; Blocker, C.; Coffey, L.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Fitzgerald, E. A.; Gozpinar, S.; Pomeroy, D.; Sciolla, G.; Venturini, A.; Zambito, S.; Zengel, K.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Amaral Coutinho, Y.; Caloba, L. P.; Maidantchik, C.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.] Fed Univ Juiz de Fora UFJF, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Begel, M.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Debbe, R.; Ernst, M.; Gadfort, T.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Hu, X.; Klimentov, A.; Kravchenko, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Metcalfe, J.; Nevski, P.; Okawa, H.; Damazio, D. Oliveira; Paige, F.; Panitkin, S.; Pleier, M. -A.; Polychronakos, V.; Protopopescu, S.; Purohit, M.; Radeka, V.; Rajagopalan, S.; Redlinger, G.; Schovancova, J.; Snyder, S.; Steinberg, P.; Stumer, I.; Takai, H.; Tamsett, M. C.; Triplett, N.; Undrus, A.; Wenaus, T.; Ye, S.; Zaytsev, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Alexa, C.; Badescu, E.; Boldea, V.; Buda, S. I.; Caprini, I.; Caprini, M.; Chitan, A.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescu, S.; Cuciuc, C. -M.; Dita, P.; Dita, S.; Ducu, O. A.; Jinaru, A.; Olariu, A.; Pantea, D.; Rotaru, M.; Stoicea, G.; Tudorache, A.; Tudorache, V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Popeneciu, G. A.] Natl Inst Res & Dev Isotop & Mol Technol, Dept Phys, Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Darlea, G. L.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. West Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Gonzalez Silva, M. L.; Otero y Garzon, G.; Piegaia, R.; Reisin, H.; Romeo, G.; Sacerdoti, S.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ask, S.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Buttinger, W.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Gillman, A. R.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Mueller, T.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, T.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.; Williams, S.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Bellerive, A.; Cree, G.; Di Valentino, D.; Koffas, T.; Lacey, J.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Anastopoulos, C.; Andari, N.; Anghinolfi, F.; Avolio, G.; Baak, M. A.; Backes, M.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bianco, M.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Boyd, J.; Burckhart, H.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Catinaccio, A.; Cattai, A.; Barajas, C. A. Chavez; Childers, J. T.; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Di Girolamo, A.; Di Girolamo, B.; Dittus, F.; Dobos, D.; Dopke, J.; Dudarev, A.; Duehrssen, M.; Ellis, N.; Elsing, M.; Facini, G.; Farthouat, P.; Fassnacht, P.; Franchino, S.; Francis, D.; Froidevaux, D.; Garonne, V.; Gianotti, F.; Gillberg, D.; Godlewski, J.; Goossens, L.; Gorini, B.; Gray, H. M.; Hauschild, M.; Hawkings, R. J.; Heller, M.; Helsens, C.; Correia, A. M. Henriques; Hervas, L.; Hoecker, A.; Hubacek, Z.; Huhtinen, M.; Jaekel, M. R.; Jansen, H.; Jenni, P.; Jungst, R. M.; Kaneda, M.; Klioutchnikova, T.; Lantzsch, K.; Lassnig, M.; Miotto, G. Lehmann; Lenzi, B.; Lichard, P.; Macina, D.; Malyukov, S.; Mapelli, L.; Martin, B.; Messina, A.; Meyer, J.; Michal, S.; Molfetas, A.; Mornacchi, G.; Nairz, A. M.; Nakahama, Y.; Negri, G.; Nessi, M.; Nicquevert, B.; Nordberg, M.; Ohm, C. C.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pernegger, H.; Peters, K.; Petersen, B. A.; Petersen, J.; Pommes, K.; Poppleton, A.; Poulard, G.; Prasad, S.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Rodrigues, L.; Roe, S.; Salzburger, A.; Savu, D. O.; Scanlon, T.; Schlenker, S.; Schmieden, K.; Serfon, C.; Sfyrla, A.; Solans, C. A.; Spigo, G.; Stewart, G. A.; Teischinger, F. A.; Ten Kate, H.; Tremblet, L.; Tricoli, A.; Tsarouchas, C.; Unal, G.; van der Ster, D.; van Eldik, N.; van Woerden, M. C.; Vandelli, W.; Vigne, R.; Voss, R.; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Werner, P.; Wilkens, H. G.; Wotschack, J.; Zwalinski, L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Alison, J.; Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Cheng, Y.; Fiascaris, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Jen-La Plante, I.; Kapliy, A.; Li, H. L.; Meehan, S.; Melachrinos, C.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, C.; Miller, D. W.; Okumura, Y.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Shochet, M. J.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J. M.; Vukotic, I.; Webster, J. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Brooks, W. K.; Carquin, E.; Cottin, G.; Diaz, M. A.; Kuleshov, S.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.; White, R.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooks, W. K.; Kuleshov, S.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.; White, R.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Bai, Y.; Fang, Y.; Jin, S.; Lu, F.; Ouyang, Q.; Shan, L. Y.; Wang, J.; Xu, D.; Yao, L.; Zhu, H.; Zhuang, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Gao, J.; Han, L.; Jiang, Y.; Li, B.; Liu, J. B.; Liu, K.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Xu, C.; Xu, L.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, L.; Feng, C.; Ge, P.; Ma, L. L.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Yang, H.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Donini, J.; Dubreuil, E.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, P.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Donini, J.; Dubreuil, E.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, P.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Donini, J.; Dubreuil, E.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, P.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Valery, L.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Altheimer, A.; Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Bain, T.; Brooijmans, G.; Chen, Y.; Cole, B.; Dodd, J.; Guo, J.; Hu, D.; Hughes, E. W.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Reale, V. Perez; Scherzer, M. I.; Spousta, M.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zhou, L.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Alonso, A.; Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Hoffmann, M. Dano; Galster, G.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. B.; Loevschall-Jensen, A. E.; Mackeprang, R.; Mehlhase, S.; Monk, J.; Petersen, T. C.; Pingel, A.; Simonyan, M.; Thomsen, L. A.; Wiglesworth, C.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Grp Collegato Cosenza, Milan, Italy. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Marian Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Staszewski, R.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Cao, T.; Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hoffman, J.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Wang, H.; Ye, J.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Ahsan, M.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Namasivayam, H.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Argyropoulos, S.; Bloch, I.; Borroni, S.; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ferrara, V.; Filipuzzi, M.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Grahn, K. -J.; Gregor, I. M.; Grohsjean, A.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Katzy, J.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lisovyi, M.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Peschke, R.; Peters, R. F. Y.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Shushkevich, S.; South, D.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Yatsenko, E.; Yildirim, E.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Argyropoulos, S.; Bloch, I.; Borroni, S.; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ferrara, V.; Filipuzzi, M.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Grahn, K. -J.; Gregor, I. M.; Grohsjean, A.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Katzy, J.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lisovyi, M.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Peschke, R.; Peters, R. F. Y.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Shushkevich, S.; South, D.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Yatsenko, E.; Yildirim, E.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Burmeister, I.; Esch, H.; Goessling, C.; Jentzsch, J.; Jung, C. A.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.; Wittig, T.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Anger, P.; Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, F.; Grohs, J. P.; Gumpert, C.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schnoor, U.; Socher, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.; Wahrmund, S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Cerio, B.; Finelli, K. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Kotwal, A.; Kruse, M. C.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Oh, S. H.; Pollard, C. S.; Wang, C.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Bristow, T. M.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Edwards, N. C.; Walls, F. M. Garay; Harrington, R. D.; Korn, A.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Pino, S. A. Olivares; Proissl, M.; Schaelicke, A.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Chiarella, V.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Aad, G.; Amoroso, S.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Boehler, M.; Bruneliere, R.; Buehrer, F.; Consorti, V.; Di Simone, A.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Giuliani, C.; Herten, G.; Jakobs, K.; Jenni, P.; Koeneke, K.; Kopp, A. K.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Madar, R.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Rurikova, Z.; Ruthmann, N.; Schillo, C.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Ungaro, F. C.; Venturi, M.; von Radziewski, H.; Anh, T. Vu; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Winkelmann, S.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Alexandre, G.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; De Mendizabal, J. Bilbao; Bucci, F.; Toro, R. Camacho; Clark, A.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Gramling, J.; Guescini, F.; Iacobucci, G.; Katre, A.; La Rosa, A.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Muenstermann, D.; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Vallecorsa, S.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Darbo, G.; Favareto, A.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Guido, E.; Morettini, P.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Milan, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Favareto, A.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Guido, E.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Tskhadadze, E. G.] Iv Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Dueren, M.; Kreutzfeldt, K.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Buzatu, A.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Gul, U.; Ortiz, N. G. Gutierrez; Kar, D.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Quilty, D.; Ravenscroft, T.; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Graber, L.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Hamer, M.; Hensel, C.; Kawamura, G.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Nackenhorst, O.; Nadal, J.; Pashapour, S.; Peters, R. F. Y.; Quadt, A.; Schorlemmer, A. L. S.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weingarten, J.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Brown, J.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Le, B. T.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Monini, C.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Brown, J.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Le, B. T.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Monini, C.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.] CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Brown, J.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Gabaldon, C.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Le, B. T.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Monini, C.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Butler, B.; Catastini, P.; Conti, G.; Franklin, M.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Spearman, W. R.; Yen, A. L.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Dunford, M.; Hanke, P.; Hofmann, J. I.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Laier, H.; Lang, V. S.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Anders, C. F.; Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Colombo, T.; Kugel, A.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Poveda, J.; Whittington, D.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Franz, S.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Lukas, W.; Nagai, K.; Ritsch, E.; Usanova, A.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Cinca, D.; Gandrajula, R. P.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Mandrysch, R.; Morange, N.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, F.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Prell, S.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Ahmadov, F.; Aleksandrov, I. N.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Huseynov, N.; Karpov, S. N.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kharchenko, D.; Khramov, E.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumnack, N.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Potrap, I. N.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Sapronov, A.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zimin, N. I.] JINR Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Kono, T.; Makida, Y.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nakamura, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Inamaru, Y.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kitamura, T.; Kurashige, H.; Kurumida, R.; Matsushita, T.; Ochi, A.; Shimizu, S.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Watanabe, I.; Yamazaki, Y.; Yuan, L.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.; Tashiro, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Kawagoe, K.; Oda, S.; Otono, H.; Tojo, J.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 812, Japan. [Alconada Verzini, M. J.; Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Alconada Verzini, M. J.; Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Allison, L. J.; Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Catmore, J. R.; Chilingarov, A.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Grimm, K.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Maddocks, H. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Chiodini, G.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Orlando, N.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Milan, Italy. [Gorini, E.; Orlando, N.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Bundock, A. C.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Jackson, J. N.; Jackson, M.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Lehan, A.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Schnellbach, Y. J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Fletcher, G.; Goddard, J. R.; Hickling, R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Snidero, G.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Brooks, T.; Cantrill, R.; Connelly, I. A.; Cooper-Smith, N. J.; Cowan, G.; Duguid, L.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Gibson, S. M.; Goncalo, R.; Vazquez, J. G. Panduro; Pastore, F.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Casadei, D.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dobson, E.; Gutschow, C.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Ochoa, M. I.; Pilkington, A. D.; Prabhu, R.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Wardrope, D. R.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Bernius, C.; Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.; Sircar, A.; Subramaniam, R.; Tamsett, M. C.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Liu, K.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] UPMC, Phys Theor & Hautes Energies Lab, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Liu, K.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Crescioli, F.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Demilly, A.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Lefebvre, G.; Liu, K.; Malaescu, B.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Rangel-Smith, C.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Bryngemark, L.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.; Viazlo, O.; Wielers, M.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Llorente Merino, J.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Arnaez, O.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Ellinghaus, F.; Endner, O. C.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Goeringer, C.; Heck, T.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Huelsing, T. A.; Ji, W.; Karnevskiy, M.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Mattmann, J.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Moritz, S.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Poettgen, R.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schott, M.; Schroeder, C.; Schuh, N.; Simioni, E.; Tapprogge, S.; Wollstadt, S. J.; Zimmermann, C.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Forti, A.; Howarth, J.; Joshi, K. D.; Klinger, J. A.; Loebinger, F. K.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Price, D.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Tomlinson, L.; Watts, S.; Webb, S.; Woudstra, M. J.; Wyatt, T. R.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Alio, L.; Barbero, M.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Gao, J.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Nagai, Y.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Serre, T.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tiouchichine, E.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Ughetto, M.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Alio, L.; Barbero, M.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Gao, J.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Nagai, Y.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Serre, T.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tiouchichine, E.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Ughetto, M.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; Varol, T.; Ventura, D.; Willocq, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Mantifel, R.; Robertson, S. H.; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Stoebe, M.; Vachon, B.; Wang, K.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Diglio, S.; Hamano, K.; Jennens, D.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Shao, Q. T.; Tan, K. G.; Taylor, G. N.; Thong, W. M.; Volpi, M.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Dubbert, J.; Feng, H.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, L.; Long, J. D.; Mc Kee, S. P.; McCarn, A.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Searcy, J.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wu, Y.; Xu, L.; Zhang, D.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MS USA. [Abolins, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Ge, P.; Halladjian, G.; Hauser, R.; Hayden, D.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Martin, B.; Pope, B. G.; Schoenrock, B. D.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Ta, D.; Tollefson, K.; True, P.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Coelli, S.; Consonni, S. M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Giugni, D.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meloni, F.; Meroni, C.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Andreazza, A.; Carminati, L.; Consonni, S. M.; Fanti, M.; Meloni, F.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Turra, R.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Arguin, J. -F.; Asbah, N.; Azuelos, G.; Bouchami, J.; Dallaire, F.; Davies, M.; Gauthier, L.; Giunta, M.; Leroy, C.; Martin, J. P.; Rezvani, R.; Soueid, P.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Y.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E. Y.; Tikhomirov, V. O.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Boldyrev, A. S.; Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Y.; Smirnova, L. N.; Turchikhin, S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, DV Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Bortfeldt, J.; Calfayan, P.; Chow, B. K. B.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Legger, F.; Lorenz, J.; Mann, A.; Meineck, C.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruschke, A.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Schmitt, C.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Wittkowski, J.; Zibell, A.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Barillari, T.; Bethke, S.; Bittner, B.; Bronner, J.; Compostella, G.; Cortiana, G.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goblirsch-Kolb, M.; Ince, T.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Macchiolo, A.; Manfredini, A.; Menke, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pahl, C.; Pospelov, G. E.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Schwegler, P.; Sforza, F.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Terzo, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; Weigell, P.; Wildauer, A.; Zanzi, D.] Werner Heisenberg Inst, Max Planck Inst Phys, Munich, Germany. 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C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Besjes, G. J.; Caron, S.; Dao, V.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Konig, A. C.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Castelli, A.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Dhaliwal, S.; Ferrari, P.; Gadatsch, S.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Hod, N.; Igonkina, O.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Mahlstedt, J.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Oussoren, K. P.; Pani, P.; Salek, D.; Valencic, N.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; van der Geer, R.; van der Graaf, H.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.; Weits, H.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. 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[Abi, B.; Hamal, P.; Hrabovsky, M.; Khanov, A.; Nozka, L.; Rizatdinova, F.; Sidorov, D.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Brau, J. E.; Brost, E.; Hamal, P.; Hrabovsky, M.; Majewski, S.; Nozka, L.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.; Winklmeier, F.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Auge, E.; Bassalat, A.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Brau, J. E.; Brost, E.; Charfeddine, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Guillemin, T.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Majewski, S.; Makovec, N.; Poggioli, L.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Puzo, P.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaffer, A. C.; Scifo, E.; Serin, L.; Shamim, M.; Simion, S.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Tanaka, R.; Torrence, E.; Tran, H. L.; Winklmeier, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Auge, E.; Bassalat, A.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Charfeddine, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Guillemin, T.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaffer, A. C.; Scifo, E.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Tran, H. L.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Auge, E.; Bassalat, A.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Charfeddine, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. 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M.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Tuna, A. N.; Van Berg, R.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Solovyev, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Donati, S.; Dotti, A.; Giannetti, P.; Roda, C.; White, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Milan, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cavasinni, V.; Del Prete, T.; Donati, S.; Dotti, A.; Giannetti, P.; Roda, C.; White, S.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bianchi, R. M.; Boudreau, J.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Prieur, D.; Sapp, K.; Savinov, V.; Su, J.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amor Dos Santos, S. P.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Costa Batalha Pedro, R.; Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, M. J.; Do Valle Wemans, A.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Marques, C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Tavares Delgado, A.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] LIP, Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Hejbal, J.; Jakoubek, T.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lokajicek, M.; Lysak, R.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Dos Santos, D. Roda; Ruzicka, P.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Pospisil, S.; Seifert, F.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Suk, M.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.; Vykydal, Z.; Zeman, M.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Balek, P.; Berta, P.; Cerny, K.; Chalupkova, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Torregrosa, E. Fullana; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Pleskot, V.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Golubkov, D.; Ivashin, A. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Zaitsev, A. 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[Anulli, F.; Bagiacchi, P.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gabrielli, A.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Kuna, M.; Lacava, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Marzano, F.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Milan, Italy. [Bagiacchi, P.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Gabrielli, A.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Kuna, M.; Lacava, F.; Luci, C.; Messina, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Grossi, G. C.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Milan, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Grossi, G. C.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Micco, B.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Stanescu, C.; Trovatelli, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Milan, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Micco, B.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Trovatelli, M.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Ghazlane, H.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, LPHEA, Marrakech, Morocco. [Boutouil, S.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Boutouil, S.; Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [Cherkaoui El Moursli, R.] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Abreu, H.; Bachacou, H.; Balli, F.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Deliot, F.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Giraud, P. F.; Grabas, H. M. X.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Maiani, C.; Mal, P.; Ramos, J. A. Manjarres; Mansoulie, B.; Martinez, H.; Meric, N.; Meyer, J. -P.; Mijovic, L.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Protopapadaki, E.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schoeffel, L.; Schune, P.; Schwemling, P.; Schwindling, J.; Tsionou, D.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.] CEA Saclay, Inst Rech Lois Fondament Univers, DSM IRFU, Commissariata Energie Atom & Energies Alternat, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Grillo, A. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Reece, R.; Sadrozinski, H-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Blackburn, D.; Coccaro, A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Harris, O. M.; Hsu, S. -C.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Marx, M.; Rompotis, N.; Rosten, R.; Rothberg, J.; De Bruin, P. H. Sales; Verducci, M.; Watts, G.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Fletcher, G. T.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Paredes, B. Lopez; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tua, A.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Atlay, N. B.; Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Ibragimov, I.; Ikematsu, K.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Torres, H.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; van Nieuwkoop, J.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Mayes, J. Backus; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Black, J. E.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Fulsom, B. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Garelli, N.; Grenier, P.; Hansson, P.; Kagan, M.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Piacquadio, G.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Swiatlowski, M.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Astalos, R.; Bartos, P.; Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Aurousseau, M.; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Yacoob, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Carrillo-Montoya, G. D.; Huang, Y.; Leney, K. J. C.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Quayle, W. B.; Ruan, X.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Abulaiti, Y.; Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bessidskaia, O.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Molander, S.; Petridis, A.; Plucinski, P.; Rossetti, V.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Stockholm, Sweden. [Abulaiti, Y.; Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bessidskaia, O.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Molander, S.; Petridis, A.; Plucinski, P.; Rossetti, V.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Morley, A. K.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Chen, K.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Li, H.; Lindquist, B. E.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Puldon, D.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Zaman, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Chen, K.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Li, H.; Lindquist, B. E.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Puldon, D.; Radhakrishnan, S. K.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.; Zaman, A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; Cerri, A.; De Santo, A.; Grout, Z. J.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Castillo, I. Santoyo; Sutton, M. R.; Vivarelli, I.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Black, C. W.; Cuthbert, C.; Jeng, G. -Y.; Patel, N. D.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Jamin, D. O.; Lee, C. A.; Lee, S. C.; Li, B.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, B.; Liu, D.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Mazini, R.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhang, L.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Di Mattia, A.; Kopeliansky, R.; Musto, E.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Gueta, O.; Guttman, N.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Bachas, K.; Gkialas, I.; Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Papageorgiou, K.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Enari, Y.; Hanawa, K.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yoshihara, K.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Enari, Y.; Hanawa, K.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yoshihara, K.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Ishitsuka, M.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Nagai, R.; Nobe, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Brelier, B.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Ilic, N.; Keung, J.; Krieger, P.; Mc Goldrick, G.; Orr, R. S.; Polifka, R.; Rudolph, M. S.; Savard, P.; Schramm, S.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Taenzer, J.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Codina, E. Perez; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Seuster, R.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Bustos, A. C. Florez; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kiuchi, K.; Kurata, M.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Meoni, E.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Corso-Radu, A.; Farrell, S.; Gerbaudo, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Magnoni, L.; Mete, A. S.; Nelson, A.; Rao, K.; Relich, M.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, Milan, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Atkinson, M.; Basye, A.; Benekos, N.; Cavaliere, V.; Chang, P.; Coggeshall, J.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Coniavitis, E.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.; Madsen, A.; Pelikan, D.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Ahmad, A.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; March, L.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Fedorko, W.; Gay, C.; Gecse, Z.; King, S. B.; Lister, A.; Loh, C. W.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Bernlochner, F. U.; Courneyea, L.; David, C.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. -R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Pearce, J.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Farrington, S. M.; Harrison, P. F.; Janus, M.; Jeske, C.; Jones, G.; Martin, T. A.; Pianori, E.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Iizawa, T.; Kimura, N.; Mitani, T.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Citron, Z. H.; Duchovni, E.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Banerjee, S.; Chen, X.; Dos Anjos, A.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Hard, A. S.; Jared, R. C.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Kruse, A.; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Yang, H.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Redelbach, A.; Schreyer, M.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Tam, J. Y. C.; Trefzger, T.; Weber, S. W.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becker, K.; Beermann, T. A.; Boek, J.; Boek, T. T.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Duda, D.; Ernis, G.; Fischer, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kohlmann, S.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Neumann, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sartisohn, G.; Sturm, P.; Wagner, W.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Cummings, J.; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Erdmann, J.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Henrichs, A.; Ideal, E.; Lagouri, T.; Lee, L.; Leister, A. G.; Loginov, A.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Walsh, B.; Wang, X.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.; Vardanyan, G.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Rahal, G.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Acharya, B. S.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London, England. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, Lisbon, Portugal. [Azuelos, G.; Gingrich, D. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Savard, P.; Vetterli, M. C.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A. A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Corriveau, F.; McPherson, R. A.; Robertson, S. H.; Sobie, R.; Teuscher, R. J.] Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Do Valle Wemans, A.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dep Fis, Caparica, Portugal. [Do Valle Wemans, A.] Univ Nova Lisboa, CEFITEC, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Caparica, Portugal. [Gkialas, I.; Papageorgiou, K.] Univ Aegean, Dept Financial & Management Engn, Chios, Greece. [Grinstein, S.; Juste Rozas, A.; Martinez, M.] ICREA, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Kono, T.] Ochanomizu Univ, Ochadai Acad Prod, Tokyo 112, Japan. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Mal, P.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Sch Phys Sci, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. [Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Zaitsev, A. M.] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Onyisi, P. U. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Pinamonti, M.] SISSA, Int Sch Adv Studies, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. [Purohit, M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Smirnova, L. N.; Turchikhin, S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Yacoob, S.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Discipline Phys, Durban, South Africa. RP Miguens, JM (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, Hugstetter Str 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. RI Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; BESSON, NATHALIE/L-6250-2015; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Mashinistov, Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Buttar, Craig/D-3706-2011; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Nechaeva, Polina/N-1148-2015; Vykydal, Zdenek/H-6426-2016; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Tomasek, Lukas/G-6370-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Turchikhin, Semen/O-1929-2013; Boldyrev, Alexey/K-6303-2012; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Ciubancan, Liviu Mihai/L-2412-2015; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; White, Ryan/E-2979-2015; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Marcisovsky, Michal/H-1533-2014; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Nozka, Libor/G-5550-2014; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Jakoubek, Tomas/G-8644-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Hejbal, Jiri/H-1358-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Gabrielli, Alessandro/H-4931-2012; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013 OI Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Vykydal, Zdenek/0000-0003-2329-0672; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Turchikhin, Semen/0000-0001-6506-3123; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Ciubancan, Liviu Mihai/0000-0003-1837-2841; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; White, Ryan/0000-0003-3589-5900; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Gabrielli, Alessandro/0000-0001-5346-7841; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria;; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America FX We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwide. NR 80 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 117 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 032002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.032002 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CF UT WOS:000332161700001 ER PT J AU Anderson, I Bolognesi, S Caola, F Gao, YY Gritsan, AV Martin, CB Melnikov, K Schulze, M Tran, NV Whitbeck, A Zhou, YF AF Anderson, Ian Bolognesi, Sara Caola, Fabrizio Gao, Yanyan Gritsan, Andrei V. Martin, Christopher B. Melnikov, Kirill Schulze, Markus Tran, Nhan V. Whitbeck, Andrew Zhou, Yaofu TI Constraining anomalous HVV interactions at proton and lepton colliders SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGGS-BOSON; ATLAS DETECTOR; LHC; PARITY; MASS; SPIN AB In this paper, we study the extent to which CP parity of a Higgs boson, and more generally its anomalous couplings to gauge bosons, can be measured at the LHC and a future electron-positron collider. We consider several processes, including Higgs boson production in gluon and weak boson fusion and production of a Higgs boson in association with an electroweak gauge boson. We consider decays of a Higgs boson including ZZ, WW, gamma gamma, and Z gamma. A matrix element approach to three production and decay topologies is developed and applied in the analysis. A complete Monte Carlo simulation of the above processes at proton and e(+)e(-) colliders is performed and verified by comparing it to an analytic calculation. Prospects for measuring various tensor couplings at existing and proposed facilities are compared. C1 [Anderson, Ian; Bolognesi, Sara; Caola, Fabrizio; Gritsan, Andrei V.; Martin, Christopher B.; Melnikov, Kirill; Whitbeck, Andrew; Zhou, Yaofu] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Gao, Yanyan; Tran, Nhan V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Schulze, Markus] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Anderson, I (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. OI Caola, Fabrizio/0000-0003-4739-9285 FU U.S. NSF [PHY-1100862, PHY-1214000]; U.S. DOE [DEAC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-07CH11359]; LPC-CMS Fellows program FX We would like to acknowledge the long-term planning exercise for the U. S. high-energy physics community, also known as "Snowmass," from which this study emerged [47]. We would like to thank Snowmass participants and CMS collaboration colleagues for feedback, and in particular Michael Peskin and Tao Han for encouragement of the e+e-studies and Serguei Ganjour for discussion of the.. channel on LHC. We acknowledge contribution of our CMS collaboration colleagues to the MELA project development. We are grateful to Jonathan Aguilar, Roberto Covarelli, Candice You, and Xiaozhou Zhou for help with the generator validation. We acknowledge significant contribution of Ulascan Sarica to development of statistical analysis tools. This research is partially supported by U.S. NSF under Grants No. PHY-1100862 and No. PHY-1214000, and by U.S. DOE under Grants No. DEAC02-06CH11357 and No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. We also acknowledge support from the LPC-CMS Fellows program operated through FNAL. Calculations reported in this paper were performed on the Homewood High Performance Cluster of the Johns Hopkins University. NR 79 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035007 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.035007 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0CF UT WOS:000332161700009 ER PT J AU Mitri, FG AF Mitri, F. G. TI Vector spherical quasi-Gaussian vortex beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FOCUSED LASER-BEAM; FRACTIONAL TYPE ALPHA; ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; ORDER BESSEL BEAM; COMPLEX-SOURCE; WAVE ANALYSIS; ELECTROMAGNETIC DIFFRACTION; DIELECTRIC SPHERE; EVANESCENT WAVES; OPTICAL SYSTEMS AB Model equations for describing and efficiently computing the radiation profiles of tightly spherically focused higher-order electromagnetic beams of vortex nature are derived stemming from a vectorial analysis with the complex-source-point method. This solution, termed as a high-order quasi-Gaussian (qG) vortex beam, exactly satisfies the vector Helmholtz and Maxwell's equations. It is characterized by a nonzero integer degree and order (n,m), respectively, an arbitrary waist w(0), a diffraction convergence length known as the Rayleigh range z(R), and an azimuthal phase dependency in the form of a complex exponential corresponding to a vortex beam. An attractive feature of the high-order solution is the rigorous description of strongly focused (or strongly divergent) vortex wave fields without the need of either the higher-order corrections or the numerically intensive methods. Closed-form expressions and computational results illustrate the analysis and some properties of the high-order qG vortex beams based on the axial and transverse polarization schemes of the vector potentials with emphasis on the beam waist. C1 [Mitri, F. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Chevron Area 52 Technol,5 Bisbee Ct, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. EM mitri@chevron.com NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 023205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.023205 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC0IY UT WOS:000332179200016 PM 25353593 ER PT J AU Jussila, H Yu, KM Kujala, J Tuomisto, F Nagarajan, S Lemettinen, J Huhtio, T Tuomi, TO Lipsanen, H Sopanen, M AF Jussila, H. Yu, K. M. Kujala, J. Tuomisto, F. Nagarajan, S. Lemettinen, J. Huhtio, T. Tuomi, T. O. Lipsanen, H. Sopanen, M. TI Substitutionality of nitrogen atoms and formation of nitrogen complexes and point defects in GaPN alloys SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE positron annihilation spectroscopy; nuclear reaction analysis; Rutherford backscattering; GaPN ID GALLIUM-PHOSPHIDE; VACANCIES; BAND AB Nitrogen substitution and formation of point defects in GaP(1-x)Nx layers (x ranging from 0.01 to 0.04) grown on GaP substrates are characterized by channelling Rutherford backscattering, nuclear reaction analysis and positron annihilation spectroscopy measurements. It is observed that the substitutionality of nitrogen into GaP decreases from a value of 0.91 to that of <0.1 with increasing nitrogen content from x = 1.7% to x = 4.0%. In addition to substitutional nitrogen atoms, GaPN layers have nitrogen interstitials, nitrogen clusters and defect complexes composed of multiple nitrogen atoms. Positron annihilation spectroscopy of GaPN layer shows positron trapping not only in vacancies but also trapping due to nitrogen clusters. In addition, the footprint of different nitrogen cluster states and point defects is observed in temperature dependent photoluminescence measurements. C1 [Jussila, H.; Nagarajan, S.; Lemettinen, J.; Huhtio, T.; Tuomi, T. O.; Lipsanen, H.; Sopanen, M.] Aalto Univ, Dept Micro & Nanosci, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland. [Yu, K. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kujala, J.; Tuomisto, F.] Aalto Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Appl Phys, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland. RP Jussila, H (reprint author), Aalto Univ, Dept Micro & Nanosci, POB 13500, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland. EM henri.jussila@aalto.fi RI Sopanen, Markku/L-2501-2013; Huhtio, Teppo/G-5545-2014; Tuomisto, Filip/B-8189-2008; Lipsanen, Harri/C-4336-2013 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Sopanen, Markku/0000-0002-3731-5044; Huhtio, Teppo/0000-0002-4975-3308; Tuomisto, Filip/0000-0002-6913-5654; Lipsanen, Harri/0000-0003-2487-4645 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The ion beam analysis work performed at LBNL was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US DOE under Contract No DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 29 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 EI 1361-6463 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 7 AR 075106 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/47/7/075106 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AB5RF UT WOS:000331845400010 ER PT J AU Miliordos, E Xantheas, SS AF Miliordos, Evangelos Xantheas, Sotiris S. TI On the Bonding Nature of Ozone (O-3) and Its Sulfur-Substituted Analogues SO2, OS2, and S-3: Correlation between Their Biradical Character and Molecular Properties SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; ISOELECTRONIC SERIES O-3; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; ELECTRONIC STATES; EXCITED-STATES; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; GROUND-STATE; AB-INITIO; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE AB We investigate the bonding mechanism in ozone (O-3) and its sulfur-substituted analogues, SO2, OS2, and S-3. By analyzing their ground-state multireference configuration interaction wave functions, we demonstrate that the bonding in these systems can be represented as a mixture of a closed-shell structure with one and a half bonds between the central and terminal atoms and an open-shell structure with a single bond and two lone electrons on each terminal atom (biradical). The biradical character (beta) further emerges as a simple measure of the relative contribution of those two classical Lewis structures emanating from the interpretation of the respective wave functions. Our analysis yields a biradical character of 3.5% for OSO, 4.4% for SSO, 11% for S-3, 18% for O-3, 26% for SOO, and 35% for SOS. The size/electronegativity of the end atoms relative to the central one is the prevalent factor for determining the magnitude of beta: smaller and more electronegative central atoms better accommodate a pair of electrons facilitating the localization of the remaining two lone pi-electrons on each of the end atoms, therefore increasing the weight of the second picture in the mixed bonding scenario (larger beta). The proposed mixture of these two bonding scenarios allows for the definition of the bond order of the covalent bonds being (3-beta)/2, and this accounts for the different O-O, S-S, or S-O bond lengths in the triatomic series. The biradical character was furthermore found to be a useful concept for explaining several structural and energetic trends in the series: larger values of beta mark a smaller singlet triplet splitting, closer bond lengths in the ground (1)A' and the first excited (3)A' states, and larger bond dissociation and atomization energies in the ground state. The latter explains the relative energy difference between the OSS/SOS and OOS/OSO isomers due to their different beta values. C1 [Miliordos, Evangelos; Xantheas, Sotiris S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Xantheas, SS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MS K1-83, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sotiris.xantheas@pnnl.gov RI Xantheas, Sotiris/L-1239-2015 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 69 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 136 IS 7 BP 2808 EP 2817 DI 10.1021/ja410726u PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AB4SI UT WOS:000331779800020 PM 24499187 ER PT J AU Calder, S Saparov, B Cao, HB Niedziela, JL Lumsden, MD Sefat, AS Christianson, AD AF Calder, S. Saparov, B. Cao, H. B. Niedziela, J. L. Lumsden, M. D. Sefat, A. S. Christianson, A. D. TI Magnetic structure and spin excitations in BaMn2Bi2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We present a single-crystal neutron scattering study of BaMn2Bi2, a recently synthesized material with the same ThCr2Si2-type structure found in several Fe-based unconventional superconducting materials. We show long-range magnetic order, in the form of a G-type antiferromagnetic structure, exists up to 390 K with an indication of a structural transition at 100 K. Utilizing inelastic neutron scattering, we observe a spin gap of 16 meV, with spin waves extending up to 55 meV. We find these magnetic excitations are well fit to a J(1)-J(2)-J(c) Heisenberg model and present values for the exchange interactions. The spin-wave spectrum appears to be unchanged by the 100 K structural phase transition. C1 [Calder, S.; Cao, H. B.; Lumsden, M. D.; Christianson, A. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Saparov, B.; Sefat, A. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Niedziela, J. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Instrument & Source Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Calder, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM caldersa@ornl.gov RI christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016; Cao, Huibo/A-6835-2016; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016; Lumsden, Mark/F-5366-2012 OI Calder, Stuart/0000-0001-8402-3741; christianson, andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884; Cao, Huibo/0000-0002-5970-4980; Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504; Lumsden, Mark/0000-0002-5472-9660 FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX This research at ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor and Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. Research was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (B.S., A.S.S.). NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 6 AR 064417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.064417 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3EE UT WOS:000332397000006 ER PT J AU Lischner, J Bazhirov, T MacDonald, AH Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Lischner, Johannes Bazhirov, Timur MacDonald, Allan H. Cohen, Marvin L. Louie, Steven G. TI Effect of spin fluctuations on quasiparticle excitations: First-principles theory and application to sodium and lithium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTION; BAND-STRUCTURE; PAIRING INTERACTION; FERMI LIQUIDS; SIMPLE METALS; ENERGY; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; EXCHANGE; SPECTRUM; GAS AB We present first-principles calculations for quasiparticle excitations in sodium and lithium, including the effects of charge and spin fluctuations. We employ the Overhauser-Kukkonen form for the electron self-energy arising from spin fluctuations and demonstrate that the coupling of electrons to spin fluctuations gives an important contribution to the quasiparticle lifetime but does not significantly reduce the occupied bandwidth. Including correlation effects beyond the random-phase approximation in the screening from charge fluctuations yields good agreement with experiment. C1 [Lischner, Johannes; Bazhirov, Timur; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lischner, Johannes; Bazhirov, Timur; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [MacDonald, Allan H.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Lischner, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jlischner@civet.berkeley.edu FU Simons Foundation Fellowship in Theoretical Physics; NSF [DMR10-1006184]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX S.G.L. acknowledges support by a Simons Foundation Fellowship in Theoretical Physics. This work was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR10-1006184 (numerical simulations of the alkali metals) and by the director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (software development of electron correlation effects). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 8 AR 081108 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.081108 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3EL UT WOS:000332397700001 ER PT J AU Sturza, M Han, F Malliakas, CD Chung, DY Claus, H Kanatzidis, MG AF Sturza, Mihai Han, Fei Malliakas, Christos D. Chung, Duck Young Claus, Helmut Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. TI Superconductivity in the intermetallic pnictide compound Ca11Bi10-x SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CU-O SYSTEM; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASES; BA; BISMUTH; PHYSICS; SPACE; BASN5; PAIRS; FESE AB The pnictide phase Ca11Bi10-x shows bulk superconductivity around 2.2 K in temperature-dependent resistivity and magnetic susceptibility data. The compound is a p-type metal with low carrier density of 6.5 x 10(18) cm(-3). Ca11Bi10-x (x = 0.12) was synthesized by the reaction of Ca metal with excess Bi and crystallizes in the tetragonal space group I4/mmm with a = 12.2842(6) angstrom and c = 17.866(4) angstrom. The structure of Ca11Bi10 contains three discrete units: isolated Bi atoms, dumbbells, and square planar rings of Bi surrounded by Ca atoms. Vacancies were found in the isolated Bi(1) atoms and square planar Bi-4 units of the structure. The Ca11Bi10 system is the first member found to exhibit superconductivity among the intermetallic class M11X10 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba; X = Bi, Sb), suggesting that a broader family of Bi or Sb containing superconductors may exist. Electronic structure density functional theory calculations confirm the metallic nature of the compound with several steep Bi p-orbital bands crossing the Fermi level as well as a single flat band reaching the Fermi level upon the introduction of Bi vacancies. C1 [Sturza, Mihai; Han, Fei; Malliakas, Christos D.; Chung, Duck Young; Claus, Helmut; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Kanatzidis, MG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM m-kanatzidis@northwestern.edu RI Han, Fei/N-2021-2013 OI Han, Fei/0000-0001-7782-2713 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This paper is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 31 U2 59 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 5 AR 054512 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.054512 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3EC UT WOS:000332396800004 ER PT J AU Pearson, R Zahn, O AF Pearson, R. Zahn, O. TI Cosmology from cross correlation of CMB lensing and galaxy surveys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIZATION; POWER SPECTRUM; DAMPING TAIL; 2003 FLIGHT; ANISOTROPY; BOOMERANG; BIAS AB In recent years, cross correlation of lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) with other large-scale structure (LSS) tracers has been used as a method to detect CMB lensing. Current experiments are also becoming sensitive enough to measure CMB lensing without the help of auxiliary tracers. As data quality improves rapidly, it has been suggested that the CMB lensing-LSS cross correlation may provide new insights into parameters describing cosmological structure growth. In this work, we perform forecasts that combine the lensing potential auto power spectrum from various future CMB experiments with the galaxy power spectrum from galaxy surveys, as well as the cross power spectrum between the two, marginalizing over a number of galactic and nongalactic cosmological parameters. We find that the CMB lensing-LSS cross correlation contains significant information on parameters such as the redshift distribution and bias of LSS tracers. We also find that the cross-correlation information will lead to independent probes of cosmological parameters such as neutrino mass and the reionization optical depth. C1 [Pearson, R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Pearson, R.] SLAC, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pearson, R (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. FU Science and Technology Facilities Council; Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics; National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937, ANT-0130612] FX The authors thank the referee for thorough and useful comments for publication. The authors also thank (in alphabetical order) Carlos Cunha, Sudeep Das, Gill Holder, Antony Lewis, Adam Lidz, Blake Sherwin, Alberto Vallinotto, Kimmy Wu, and Amanda Yoho for useful discussions and comments on a draft. R. P. acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council via a research studentship and thanks Professor Chao-Lin Kuo's group at SLAC/Stanford where they were hosted at the time of this work. O. Z. acknowledges support by an Inaugural Fellowship from the Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, as well as by the National Science Foundation through Grants No. ANT-0638937 and No. ANT-0130612. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 4 AR 043516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.043516 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AC0FN UT WOS:000332170300005 ER PT J AU Zhao, YF Gennett, T AF Zhao, Yufeng Gennett, Thomas TI Water-Mediated Cooperative Migration of Chemisorbed Hydrogen on Graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPILLOVER MECHANISM; STORAGE; CARBON; ACTIVATION; RUTHENIUM; CHEMISTRY; GRAPHITE; PLATINUM; ENERGY AB The kinetics associated with the migration of chemisorbed hydrogen on a graphene sheet is studied using density-functional theory. Chemisorbed H atoms interact strongly through the carbon sheet and each chemisorbed H atom must form a pair with a H atom bound on the opposite side of the sheet in order to lower the energy with respect to the free H-2 state. The two H atoms in a pair are correlated and migrate cooperatively. Because of the strong C-H bonds, the barrier to H cooperative migration is higher than 2.0 eV. However, when mediated by H2O molecules, the barrier can be reduced to less than 0.8 eV. The H pairing up leads to distinctive behavior of graphene hydrogenation, different from H chemisorption on a graphite surface. This study also demonstrates the superior effectiveness of water activation of C-H bonds and uncovers the mystery of fast kinetics of H spillover. C1 [Zhao, Yufeng; Gennett, Thomas] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhao, YF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX We acknowledge research support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 39 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 19 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 076101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.076101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7EU UT WOS:000331952900010 PM 24579617 ER PT J AU Shekiro, J Kuhn, EM Nagle, NJ Tucker, MP Elander, RT Schell, DJ AF Shekiro, Joseph, III Kuhn, Erik M. Nagle, Nicholas J. Tucker, Melvin P. Elander, Richard T. Schell, Daniel J. TI Characterization of pilot-scale dilute acid pretreatment performance using deacetylated corn stover SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS LA English DT Article DE Deacetylated corn stover; Lignocellulosic pretreatment; Dilute acid; Xylose; Pilot ID HIGH-SOLIDS LOADINGS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL YIELD; FUNDAMENTALS AB Background: Dilute acid pretreatment is a promising process technology for the deconstruction of low-lignin lignocellulosic biomass, capable of producing high yields of hemicellulosic sugars and enhancing enzymatic yields of glucose as part of a biomass-to-biofuels process. However, while it has been extensively studied, most work has historically been conducted at relatively high acid concentrations of 1 - 4% (weight/weight). Reducing the effective acid loading in pretreatment has the potential to reduce chemical costs both for pretreatment and subsequent neutralization. Additionally, if acid loadings are sufficiently low, capital requirements associated with reactor construction may be significantly reduced due to the relaxation of requirements for exotic alloys. Despite these benefits, past efforts have had difficulty obtaining high process yields at low acid loadings without supplementation of additional unit operations, such as mechanical refining. Results: Recently, we optimized the dilute acid pretreatment of deacetylated corn stover at low acid loadings in a 1-ton per day horizontal pretreatment reactor. This effort included more than 25 pilot-scale pretreatment experiments executed at reactor temperatures ranging from 150 - 170 degrees C, residence times of 10 - 20 minutes and hydrolyzer sulfuric acid concentrations between 0.15 - 0.30% (weight/weight). In addition to characterizing the process yields achieved across the reaction space, the optimization identified a pretreatment reaction condition that achieved total xylose yields from pretreatment of 73.5% +/- 1.5% with greater than 97% xylan component balance closure across a series of five runs at the same condition. Feedstock reactivity at this reaction condition after bench-scale high solids enzymatic hydrolysis was 77%, prior to the inclusion of any additional conversion that may occur during subsequent fermentation. Conclusions: This study effectively characterized a range of pretreatment reaction conditions using deacetylated corn stover at low acid loadings and identified an optimum reaction condition was selected and used in a series of integrated pilot scale cellulosic ethanol production campaigns. Additionally, several issues exist to be considered in future pretreatment experiments in continuous reactor systems, including the formation of char within the reactor, as well as practical issues with feeding herbaceous feedstock into pressurized systems. C1 [Shekiro, Joseph, III; Kuhn, Erik M.; Nagle, Nicholas J.; Tucker, Melvin P.; Elander, Richard T.; Schell, Daniel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Shekiro, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM joseph.shekiro@nrel.gov FU US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office FX The US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office provided funding for this work. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 39 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-6834 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS JI Biotechnol. Biofuels PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 23 DI 10.1186/1754-6834-7-23 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AD1RW UT WOS:000333012200002 PM 24548527 ER PT J AU Poudel, N Liang, KC Wang, YQ Sun, YY Lorenz, B Ye, F Fernandez-Baca, JA Chu, CW AF Poudel, N. Liang, K. -C. Wang, Y. -Q. Sun, Y. Y. Lorenz, B. Ye, F. Fernandez-Baca, J. A. Chu, C. W. TI Magnetic-field-induced spontaneous polarization reversal in multiferroic Mn0.85Co0.15WO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SCREW SPIN SYSTEM; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; COWO4; FERROELECTRICITY; DIFFRACTION; GROWTH; CUWO4; MNWO4; NIWO4 AB The magnetic and ferroelectric properties of the multiferroic system Mn1-xCox WO4 (x = 0.135, 0.15, and 0.17) are studied in magnetic fields H-c oriented along the monoclinic c axis. Mn0.85Co0.15WO4, which is right at the phase boundary between two helical spin structures, exhibits a spontaneous sign change of the ferroelectric polarization when cooled in fields H-c > 25 kOe. The origin of the ferroelectric polarization is studied and two magnetic exchange interactions contributing to the polarization are identified. In Mn0.85Co0.15WO4, domains of the characteristic helical spin structures, known for x < 0.15 and x > 0.15, coexist and form domain boundaries. The contributions of the different domains to the global polarization are determined. The polarization reversal in Mn0.85Co0.15WO4 can be explained by a combination of various contributions to the polarization and a strong correlation between magnetic domains of different helical spin orders resulting in a smooth transition across the domain walls, which preserves the chirality of the spin spiral. C1 [Poudel, N.; Liang, K. -C.; Wang, Y. -Q.; Sun, Y. Y.; Lorenz, B.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Poudel, N.; Liang, K. -C.; Wang, Y. -Q.; Sun, Y. Y.; Lorenz, B.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Ye, F.; Fernandez-Baca, J. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fernandez-Baca, J. A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Chu, C. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Poudel, N (reprint author), Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. RI Ye, Feng/B-3210-2010; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Ye, Feng/0000-0001-7477-4648; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-09-1-0656]; T.L.L. Temple Foundation; John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment; State of Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston; DOE BES Office of Scientific User Facilities FX This work is supported in part by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0656, the T.L.L. Temple Foundation, the John J. and Rebecca Moores Endowment, and the State of Texas through the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston. The work at ORNL is partially supported by the DOE BES Office of Scientific User Facilities. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 5 AR 054414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.054414 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3AZ UT WOS:000332388700003 ER PT J AU Lovato, A Benhar, O Gandolfi, S Losa, C AF Lovato, Alessandro Benhar, Omar Gandolfi, Stefano Losa, Cristina TI Neutral-current interactions of low-energy neutrinos in dense neutron matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MATTER AB Background: The response of neutron star matter to weak probes determines the neutrino mean free path, the knowledge of which is required for the description of neutron star cooling. Purpose: We compute the response of cold neutron matter to neutral-current interactions, to determine the mean free path of low-energy neutrinos. Methods: Our calculations have been carried out using an effective interaction and effective operators consistently derived within the formalism of correlated basis functions. To check the accuracy of the calculation, we have also employed the Landau theory of normal Fermi liquids and the auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo approach. Results: The neutrino mean free path obtained from the calculated responses turns out to be strongly affected by both short-and long-range correlations, leading to a sizable increase with respect to the prediction of the Fermi gas model. Conclusions: Our results show that for a realistic description of the neutron matter response and of the neutrino mean free path both long-and short-range correlations need to be taken into account. C1 [Lovato, Alessandro] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lovato, Alessandro] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Benhar, Omar] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Neutrino Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Gandolfi, Stefano] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Losa, Cristina] Int Sch Adv Studies SISSA, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. RP Lovato, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Benhar, Omar/J-6044-2012; OI Benhar, Omar/0000-0001-6818-9215; Lovato, Alessandro/0000-0002-2194-4954; Gandolfi, Stefano/0000-0002-0430-9035 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NUCLEI SciDAC program; LANL LDRD program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; INFN [MB31, OG51] FX We thank R. B. Wiringa for carefully reading our manuscript. This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357 (A. L.) and DE-AC02-05CH11231 (S. G.), and by the NUCLEI SciDAC program. The work of S. G. is also supported by the LANL LDRD program. The computing time has been provided by Los Alamos Open Supercomputing. This research used also resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The work of O.B. is supported by INFN under Grants MB31 and OG51. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 025804 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.89.025804 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA AC0DM UT WOS:000332165000010 ER PT J AU Singh, V Behera, BR Kaur, M Kumar, A Singh, KP Madhavan, N Nath, S Gehlot, J Mohanto, G Jhingan, A Mukul, I Varughese, T Sadhukhan, J Pal, S Goyal, S Saxena, A Santra, S Kailas, S AF Singh, Varinderjit Behera, B. R. Kaur, Maninder Kumar, A. Singh, K. P. Madhavan, N. Nath, S. Gehlot, J. Mohanto, G. Jhingan, A. Mukul, Ish Varughese, T. Sadhukhan, Jhilam Pal, Santanu Goyal, S. Saxena, A. Santra, S. Kailas, S. TI Measurement of evaporation residue excitation functions for the F-19+Pt-194,Pt-196,Pt-198 reactions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID LEVEL DENSITY; CROSS-SECTIONS; FUSION; FISSION; NUCLEI; MODEL; IUAC AB Experimental measurements of evaporation residue (ER) cross sections for the F-19 + Pt-194,Pt-196,Pt-198 reactions forming Fr-213,Fr-215,Fr-217 compound nuclei are reported. The cross sections are measured at beam energies in the range of 101-137.3 MeV. The survival probability of the Fr-213 compound nucleus with neutron number N = 126 is found to be lower than the survival probabilities of Fr-215 and Fr-217 with neutron numbers N = 128 and 130 respectively. Statistical model analysis of the ER cross sections show that an excitation energy dependent scaling of the finite-range rotating liquid drop model fission barrier is necessary to fit the experimental data. The fitted scaling factors for Fr-213 are found to be smaller than those of Fr-215 and Fr-217 for almost the entire range of excitation energies. C1 [Singh, Varinderjit; Behera, B. R.; Kaur, Maninder; Kumar, A.; Singh, K. P.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Madhavan, N.; Nath, S.; Gehlot, J.; Mohanto, G.; Jhingan, A.; Mukul, Ish; Varughese, T.] Inter Univ Accelerator Ctr, New Delhi 110067, India. [Sadhukhan, Jhilam] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sadhukhan, Jhilam] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Goyal, S.] Univ Delhi, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Delhi 110007, India. [Saxena, A.; Santra, S.; Kailas, S.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Nucl Phys, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. RP Behera, BR (reprint author), Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. EM bivash@pu.ac.in RI Mukul, Ish/A-1365-2015 OI Mukul, Ish/0000-0002-6494-9915 FU Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), government of India; Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), government of India FX We thank the Pelletron and LINAC accelerator crew of IUAC, New Delhi, for providing beams of excellent quality throughout the experiment. The authors are grateful to A. Roy for his constant encouragement during the entire duration of the project. Thanks are also due to S. R. Abhilash for his help during target fabrication. The financial support from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), government of India, in the form of a Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Research Grant (SPMF) to one of the authors (V. S.) is gratefully acknowledged. B. R. B. acknowledges the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), government of India, for a DAE Young Scientist Research Grant (YSRA). NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 024609 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.89.024609 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA AC0DM UT WOS:000332165000004 ER PT J AU Lu, QM Teuscher, C AF Lu, Qiming Teuscher, Christof TI Damage spreading in spatial and small-world random Boolean networks SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID KAUFFMAN NETWORKS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; AUTOMATA; DYNAMICS AB The study of the response of complex dynamical social, biological, or technological networks to external perturbations has numerous applications. Random Boolean networks (RBNs) are commonly used as a simple generic model for certain dynamics of complex systems. Traditionally, RBNs are interconnected randomly and without considering any spatial extension and arrangement of the links and nodes. However, most real-world networks are spatially extended and arranged with regular, power-law, small-world, or other nonrandom connections. Here we explore the RBN network topology between extreme local connections, random small-world, and pure random networks, and study the damage spreading with small perturbations. We find that spatially local connections change the scaling of the Hamming distance at very low connectivities (<(K)over bar << 1) and that the critical connectivity of stability K-s changes compared to random networks. At higher <(K)over bar>, this scaling remains unchanged. We also show that the Hamming distance of spatially local networks scales with a power law as the system size N increases, but with a different exponent for local and small-world networks. The scaling arguments for small-world networks are obtained with respect to the system sizes and strength of spatially local connections. We further investigate the wiring cost of the networks. From an engineering perspective, our new findings provide the key design trade-offs between damage spreading (robustness), the network's wiring cost, and the network's communication characteristics. C1 [Lu, Qiming] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Comp Sci, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Teuscher, Christof] Portland State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn ECE, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Lu, QM (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Comp Sci, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM qlu@fnal.gov; teuscher@pdx.edu FU US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for this work. The authors thank Natali Gulbahce, Gyorgy Korniss, Thimo Rohlf, and Allen Taylor for their helpful comments on this work. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 2 AR 022806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.89.022806 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA AC0IV UT WOS:000332178900018 PM 25353533 ER PT J AU Filippetto, D Musumeci, P Zolotorev, M Stupakov, G AF Filippetto, D. Musumeci, P. Zolotorev, M. Stupakov, G. TI Maximum current density and beam brightness achievable by laser-driven electron sources SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID SPACE-CHARGE AB This paper discusses the extension to different electron beam aspect ratio of the Child-Langmuir law for the maximum achievable current density in electron guns. Using a simple model, we derive quantitative formulas in good agreement with simulation codes. The new scaling laws for the peak current density of temporally long and transversely narrow initial beam distributions can be used to estimate the maximum beam brightness and suggest new paths for injector optimization. C1 [Filippetto, D.; Zolotorev, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Musumeci, P.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Stupakov, G.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Filippetto, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU DOE [DE-FG02-92ER40693, DE-FG02-07ER46272, DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-76SF00515]; ONR [N000140711174] FX The authors would like to thank R. K. Li for stimulating discussions. P. M. acknowledges support from DOE Grants No. DE-FG02-92ER40693, No. DE-FG02-07ER46272, and ONR Grant No. N000140711174. D. F. and M. Z. acknowledge support from DOE Grant No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. G. S. acknowledges support from the DOE Grant No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 AR 024201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.17.024201 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC0HY UT WOS:000332176600006 ER PT J AU Simakov, EI Kurennoy, SS O'Hara, JF Olivas, ER Shchegolkov, DY AF Simakov, Evgenya I. Kurennoy, Sergey S. O'Hara, James F. Olivas, Eric R. Shchegolkov, Dmitry Yu. TI Optimizing the configuration of a superconducting photonic band gap accelerator cavity to increase the maximum achievable gradients SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article AB We present a design of a superconducting rf photonic band gap (SRF PBG) accelerator cell with specially shaped rods in order to reduce peak surface magnetic fields and improve the effectiveness of the PBG structure for suppression of higher order modes (HOMs). The ability of PBG structures to suppress long-range wakefields is especially beneficial for superconducting electron accelerators for high power free-electron lasers (FELs), which are designed to provide high current continuous duty electron beams. Using PBG structures to reduce the prominent beam-breakup phenomena due to HOMs will allow significantly increased beam-breakup thresholds. As a result, there will be possibilities for increasing the operation frequency of SRF accelerators and for the development of novel compact high-current accelerator modules for the FELs. C1 [Simakov, Evgenya I.; Kurennoy, Sergey S.; O'Hara, James F.; Olivas, Eric R.; Shchegolkov, Dmitry Yu.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Simakov, EI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM smirnova@lanl.gov OI Kurennoy, Sergey/0000-0003-2854-9647; Shchegolkov, Dmitry/0000-0002-0721-3397; Simakov, Evgenya/0000-0002-7483-1152; Olivas, Eric/0000-0002-7721-6622 FU Department of Defense High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office through the Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Department of Defense High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office through the Office of Naval Research. The authors gratefully acknowledge discussions with Sergey A. Arsenyev, W. Brian Haynes, Frank L. Krawczyk, Tsuyoshi Tajima, Chase H. Boulware, and Terry L. Grimm. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 AR 022001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.17.022001 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AC0HY UT WOS:000332176600004 ER PT J AU Wang, GS Mayes, MA Gu, LH Schadt, CW AF Wang, Gangsheng Mayes, Melanie A. Gu, Lianhong Schadt, Christopher W. TI Representation of Dormant and Active Microbial Dynamics for Ecosystem Modeling SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MAINTENANCE CARBON REQUIREMENTS; THEORETICAL-MODEL; NITROGEN TURNOVER; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; SOIL; BIOMASS; GROWTH; DECOMPOSITION; RESPIRATION; MICROORGANISMS AB Dormancy is an essential strategy for microorganisms to cope with environmental stress. However, global ecosystem models typically ignore microbial dormancy, resulting in notable model uncertainties. To facilitate the consideration of dormancy in these large-scale models, we propose a new microbial physiology component that works for a wide range of substrate availabilities. This new model is based on microbial physiological states and the major parameters are the maximum specific growth and maintenance rates of active microbes and the ratio of dormant to active maintenance rates. A major improvement of our model over extant models is that it can explain the low active microbial fractions commonly observed in undisturbed soils. Our new model shows that the exponentially-increasing respiration from substrate-induced respiration experiments can only be used to determine the maximum specific growth rate and initial active microbial biomass, while the respiration data representing both exponentially-increasing and non-exponentially-increasing phases can robustly determine a range of key parameters including the initial total live biomass, initial active fraction, the maximum specific growth and maintenance rates, and the half-saturation constant. Our new model can be incorporated into existing ecosystem models to account for dormancy in microbially-driven processes and to provide improved estimates of microbial activities. C1 [Wang, Gangsheng; Mayes, Melanie A.; Gu, Lianhong; Schadt, Christopher W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Gangsheng; Mayes, Melanie A.; Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Schadt, Christopher W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Wang, GS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangg@ornl.gov RI Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014 OI Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); U.S. Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and by the U.S. Department of Energy Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 45 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 2 AR e89252 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0089252 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AB3RA UT WOS:000331706700136 PM 24558490 ER PT J AU Poineau, F Johnstone, EV Czerwinski, KR Satielbergert, AP AF Poineau, Frederic Johnstone, Erik V. Czerwinski, Kenneth R. Satielberger, Alfred P. TI Recent Advances in Technetium Halide Chemistry SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MULTIPLE BONDS; CHLORIDE; TETRACHLORIDE; DICHLORIDE; RHENIUM; TRICHLORIDE; BROMIDE; UNTERSUCHUNGEN AB Transition metal binary halides are fundamental compounds, and the study of their structure, bonding, and other properties gives chemists a better understanding of physicochemical trends across the periodic table. One transition metal whose halide chemistry is underdeveloped is technetium, the lightest radioelement. For half a century, the halide chemistry of technetium has been defined by three compounds: TcF6, TcF9, and TcCl4. The absence of Tc binary bromides and iodides in the literature was surprising considering the existence of such compounds for all of the elements surrounding technetium. The common synthetic routes that scientists use to obtain binary halides of the neighboring elements, such as sealed tube reactions between elements and flowing gas reactions between a molecular complex and HX gas (X = Cl, Br, or l), had not been reported for technetium. In this Account, we discuss how we used these routes to revisit the halide chemistry of technetium. We report seven new phases: TcBr4, TcBr3, alpha/beta-TcCl3, alpha/beta-TcCl2, and Tcl(3). Technetium tetrachloride and tetrabromide are isostructural to PtX4 (X = Cl or Br) and consist of infinite chains of edge-sharing TcX6 octahedra. Trivalent technetium halides are isostructural to ruthenium and molybdenum (beta-TcCl3, TcBr3, and Tcl(3)) and to rhenium (alpha-TcCl3). Technetium tribromide and triiodide exhibit the Til(3) structure-type and consist of infinite chains of face-sharing TcX6 (X = Br or l) octahedra. Concerning the trichlorides, beta-TcCl3 crystallizes with the AlCl3 structure-type and consists of infinite layers of edge-sharing TcCl6 octahedra, while alpha-TcCl3 consists of infinite layers of Tc3Cl9 units. Both phases of technetium dichloride exhibit new structure-types that consist of infinite chains of [Tc2Cl8] units. For the technetium binary halides, we studied the metal-metal interaction by theoretical methods and magnetic measurements. The change of the electronic configuration of the metal atom from d(3) (Tc(IV)) to d(5) (Tc(II)) is accompanied by the formation of metal-metal bonds in the coordination polyhedra. There is no metal-metal interaction in TcX4, a Tc=Tc double bond is present in alpha/beta-TcCl3, and a Tc=Tc triple bond is present in alpha/beta-TcCl2. We investigated the thermal behavior of these binary halides in sealed tubes under vacuum at elevated temperature. Technetium tetrachloride decomposes stepwise to alpha-TcCl3 and beta-TcCl2 at 450 degrees C, while beta-TcCl3 converts to alpha-TcCl3 at 280 degrees C. The technetium dichlorides disproportionate to Tc metal and TcCl4 above similar to 600 degrees C. At 450 degrees C in a sealed Pyrex tube, TcBr3 decomposes to Na{[Tc6Br12](2)Br}, while Tcl(3) decomposes to Tc metal. We have used technetium tribromide in the preparation of new divalent complexes; we expect that the other halides will also serve as starting materials for the synthesis of new compounds (e.g., complexes with a Tc-3(9+) core, divalent iodide complexes, binary carbides, nitrides, and phosphides, etc.). Technetium halides may also find applications in the nuclear fuel cycle; their thermal properties could be utilized in separation processes using halide volatility. In summary, we hope that these new insights on technetium binary halides will contribute to a better understanding of the chemistry of this fascinating element. C1 [Poineau, Frederic; Johnstone, Erik V.; Czerwinski, Kenneth R.; Satielberger, Alfred P.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Satielberger, Alfred P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Engn & Syst Anal Directorate, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Satielbergert, AP (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. FU NEUP grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, through INL/BEA, LLC [00129169, DE-AC07-05ID14517]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Funding for this research was provided by an NEUP grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, through INL/BEA, LLC, 00129169, agreement No. DE-AC07-05ID14517. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Dr. Tom O'Dou, Mr. Trevor Low, and Ms. Julie Bertoia for outstanding health physics support and our many talented collaborators whose names appear in the references. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 EI 1520-4898 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 BP 624 EP 632 DI 10.1021/ar400225b PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AB4QO UT WOS:000331775200031 PM 24393028 ER PT J AU Shcherbina, NS Kalmykov, SS Karpiouk, LA Ponomarenko, SA Hatfield, K Haire, R Perminova, IV AF Shcherbina, Natalia S. Kalmykov, Stepan S. Karpiouk, Leonid A. Ponomarenko, Sergey A. Hatfield, Kirk Haire, Richard Perminova, Irina V. TI Nonreversible Immobilization of Water-Borne Plutonium onto Self-Assembled Ad layers of Silanized Humic Materials SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAYAK-PRODUCTION-ASSOCIATION; OXIDATION-STATES; EXOPOLYMERIC SUBSTANCES; SUBSURFACE ENVIRONMENT; MIGRATION; REDUCTION; ACTINIDES; TRANSPORT; MATTER; PU(V) AB The objective was to study plutonium partitioning between immobile and mobile humic materials at the water-solid interfaces. Immobilization of the humic materials on solid supports was performed in situ using self-adhesive silanized humic derivatives. The presence of the humic adlayers on solid supports was shown to significantly enhance Pu sorption and its retention under both steady state and dynamic conditions. While plutonium may exist in multiple oxidations states plus colloidal forms, the major thrust in this work was to study the behavior of most mobile - the PuO2+ form in dilute solutions. The values of the plutonium partition coefficients (K-d) between water and humics-coated silica gels after 10 days exposure reached 1.6 x 10(4) L center dot kg(-1) at pH 7.5 under anaerobic conditions with a total plutonium concentration of 1.2 x 10(-8) M exceeding those for the uncoated SiO2 (6.3 X 10(2) L center dot kg(-1)). Column tests showed substantial sequestration of water-borne plutonium (up to 73%) on the humics-coated silica gels. Remobilization experiments conducted under batch conditions at different pH values (3.5, 4.5, 7.5) showed that no more than 3% of the sequestered Pu was remobilized from the humics-coated silica gels by treatment with dissolved humic materials at environmentally relevant pH of 7.5. Consequently, silanized humic materialas can be seen as both molecular probes and as potent candidate materials for scavenging mobile Pu from an aqueous phase. C1 [Shcherbina, Natalia S.; Kalmykov, Stepan S.; Karpiouk, Leonid A.; Ponomarenko, Sergey A.; Perminova, Irina V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Shcherbina, Natalia S.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Dept Nucl Energy & Safety, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Karpiouk, Leonid A.] State Atomic Energy Corp ROSATOM, Bochvar High Technol Res Inst Inorgan Mat, Moscow 123098, Russia. [Ponomarenko, Sergey A.] RAS, Enikolopov Inst Synthet Polymer Mat, Moscow 117393, Russia. [Hatfield, Kirk] Univ Florida, Engn Sch Sustainable Infrastruct & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Haire, Richard] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Perminova, IV (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia. EM iperm@org.chem.msu.ru RI Ponomarenko, Sergey/E-8808-2011; Perminova, Irina/E-2121-2013 OI Ponomarenko, Sergey/0000-0003-0930-7722; Perminova, Irina/0000-0001-9084-7851 FU joint research program of US DOE; Russian Academy of Sciences [RUC2-20006 MO-04]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-03-12177-OFI-M-2011]; NATO-CLG [ESP.EAP.CLG 983197]; Russian State Contract [16.740.11.0183] FX This work was supported by joint research program of US DOE and Russian Academy of Sciences (project RUC2-20006 MO-04), Russian Foundation for Basic Research (11-03-12177-OFI-M-2011), NATO-CLG (grant ESP.EAP.CLG 983197), and Russian State Contract 16.740.11.0183. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 BP 2226 EP 2233 DI 10.1021/es404583f PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QD UT WOS:000331774100017 PM 24533599 ER PT J AU Ghorai, S Wang, BB Tivanski, A Laskin, A AF Ghorai, Suman Wang, Bingbing Tivanski, Alexei Laskin, Alexander TI Hygroscopic Properties of Internally Mixed Particles Composed of NaCl and Water-Soluble Organic Acids SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALONIC-ACID; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ELECTRODYNAMIC BALANCE; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; THERMODYNAMIC MODEL; SOLUTE NUCLEATION AB Atmospheric aging of naturally emitted marine aerosol often leads to formation of internally mixed particles composed of sea salts and water-soluble organic compounds of anthropogenic origin. Mixing of sea salt and organic components has profound effects on the evolving chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of the resulted particles, which are poorly understood. Here, we have studied chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of laboratory generated NaCl particles mixed with malonic acid (MA) and glutaric acid (GA) at different molar ratios using micro-FTIR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray elemental microanalysis. Hygroscopic properties of internally mixed NaCl and organic acid particles were distinctly different from 1 pure components and varied significantly with the type and amount of organic compound present. Experimental results were in a good agreement with the AIM modeling calculations of gas/liquid/solid partitioning in studied systems. X-ray elemental microanalysis of particles showed that Cl/Na ratio decreased with increasing organic acid component in the particles with MA yielding lower ratios relative to GA. We attribute the depletion of chloride to the formation of sodium malonate and sodium glutarate salts resulted by HCl evaporation from dehydrating particles. C1 [Ghorai, Suman; Tivanski, Alexei] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wang, Bingbing; Laskin, Alexander] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tivanski, A (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM alexei-tivanski@uiowa.edu; alexander.laskin@pnnl.gov RI Wang, Bingbing/B-6211-2011; Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012 OI Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office, Earth System Science Program [NA11OAR4310187]; Summer Research Institute on Interfacial and Condensed Phase Chemical Physics organized at PNNL; Laboratory Directed Research and Development funds of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) through the Chemical Imaging Initiative; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX S.G. and A.V.T. gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office, Earth System Science Program, award NA11OAR4310187. S.G. acknowledges additional sponsorship provided by the 2009 Summer Research Institute on Interfacial and Condensed Phase Chemical Physics organized at PNNL. B.W. and A.L. acknowledge support by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development funds of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) through the Chemical Imaging Initiative. The micro-FTIR and CCSEM experiments were performed at the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. We thank P. L. Gassman and J. P. Cain for assistance with the micro-FTIR instrument. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 89 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 BP 2234 EP 2241 DI 10.1021/es404727u PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QD UT WOS:000331774100018 PM 24437520 ER PT J AU Xu, L Kollman, MS Song, C Shilling, JE Ng, NL AF Xu, Lu Kollman, Matthew S. Song, Chen Shilling, John E. Ng, Nga L. TI Effects of NOx on the Volatility of Secondary Organic Aerosol from Isoprene Photooxidation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ALPHA-PINENE; SOA FORMATION; BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; BETA-PINENE; M-XYLENE; OH; OXIDATION AB The effects of NOx on the volatility of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from isoprene photooxidation are investigated in environmental chamber experiments. Two types of experiments are performed. In HO2-dominant experiments, organic peroxy radicals (RO2) primarily react with HO2. In mixed experiments, RO2 reacts through multiple pathways, including with NO, NO2, and HO2. The volatility and oxidation state of isoprene SOA are sensitive to and exhibit a nonlinear dependence on NOx levels. Depending on the NOx levels, the SOA formed in mixed experiments can be of similar or lower volatility compared to that formed in HO2-dominant experiments. The dependence of SOA yield, volatility, and oxidation state on the NOx level likely arises from gas-phase RO2 chemistry and succeeding particle-phase oligomerization reactions. The NOx level also plays a strong role in SOA aging. While the volatility of SOA in mixed experiments does not change substantially over time, SOA becomes less volatile and more oxidized as oxidation progresses in HO2-dominant experiments. C1 [Xu, Lu; Kollman, Matthew S.; Ng, Nga L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Song, Chen; Shilling, John E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ng, Nga L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Ng, NL (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM ng@chbe.gatech.edu RI Shilling, John/L-6998-2015 OI Shilling, John/0000-0002-3728-0195 FU PNNL's Aerosol Climate Initiative; U.S. DOE's Atmospheric System Research Program FX The authors acknowledge funding from PNNL's Aerosol Climate Initiative and U.S. DOE's Atmospheric System Research Program. PNNL is operated for the U.S. DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute. The authors thank Arthur W. H. Chan for helpful discussions. NR 89 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 9 U2 98 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 BP 2253 EP 2262 DI 10.1021/es404842g PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QD UT WOS:000331774100020 PM 24471688 ER PT J AU Elliott, J Sharma, B Best, N Glotter, M Dunn, JB Foster, I Miguez, F Mueller, S Wang, M AF Elliott, Joshua Sharma, Bhavna Best, Neil Glotter, Michael Dunn, Jennifer B. Foster, Ian Miguez, Fernando Mueller, Steffen Wang, Michael TI A Spatial Modeling Framework to Evaluate Domestic Biofuel-Induced Potential Land Use Changes and Emissions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; UNITED-STATES; CROPLANDS; YIELD AB We present a novel bottom-up approach to estimate biofuel-induced land-use change (LUC) and resulting CO2 emissions in the U.S. from 2010 to 2022, based on a consistent methodology across four essential components: land availability, land suitability, LUC decision-making, and induced CO2 emissions. Using high-resolution geospatial data and modeling, we construct probabilistic assessments of county-, state-, and national-level LUC and emissions for macroeconomic scenarios. We use the Cropland Data Layer and the Protected Areas Database to characterize availability of land for biofuel crop cultivation, and the CERES-Maize and BioCro biophysical crop growth models to estimate the suitability (yield potential) of available lands for biofuel crops. For LUC decisionmaking, we use a county-level stochastic partial-equilibrium modeling framework and consider five scenarios involving annual ethanol production scaling to 15, 22, and 29 BG, respectively, in 2022, with corn providing feedstock for the first 15 BG and the remainder coming from one of two dedicated energy crops. Finally, we derive high-resolution above-ground carbon factors from the National Biomass and Carbon Data set to estimate emissions from each LUC pathway. Based on these inputs, we obtain estimates for average total LUC emissions of 6.1, 2.2, 1.0, 2.2, and 2.4 gCO2e/MJ for Corn-15 Billion gallons (BG), Miscanthus x giganteus (MxG)-7 BG, Switchgrass (SG)-7 BG, MxG-14 BG, and SG-14 BG scenarios, respectively. C1 [Elliott, Joshua; Best, Neil; Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Elliott, Joshua; Best, Neil; Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Sharma, Bhavna; Miguez, Fernando] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Glotter, Michael] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dunn, Jennifer B.; Foster, Ian; Wang, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mueller, Steffen] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Elliott, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM jelliott@ci.uchicago.edu FU Bioenergy Technology Office of the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This study was supported by the Bioenergy Technology Office of the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank the support and guidance of Zia Hag, Alicia Lindauer, and Kristen Johnson of the Biomass Program. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 BP 2488 EP 2496 DI 10.1021/es404546r PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QD UT WOS:000331774100048 PM 24456539 ER PT J AU Malashevich, A Jain, M Louie, SG AF Malashevich, Andrei Jain, Manish Louie, Steven G. TI First-principles DFT plus GW study of oxygen vacancies in rutile TiO2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; QUASI-PARTICLE ENERGIES; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; BASIS-SET; SEMICONDUCTORS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; EFFICIENCY; SURFACES AB We perform first-principles calculations of the quasiparticle defect states, charge transition levels, and formation energies of oxygen vacancies in rutile titanium dioxide. The calculations are done within the recently developed combined DFT + GW formalism, including the necessary electrostatic corrections for the supercells with charged defects. We find the oxygen vacancy to be a negative U defect, where U is the defect electron addition energy. For Fermi level values below similar to 2.8 eV (relative to the valence-band maximum), we find the +2 charge state of the vacancy to be the most stable, while above 2.8 eV we find that the neutral charge state is the most stable. C1 [Malashevich, Andrei; Jain, Manish; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Malashevich, Andrei; Jain, Manish; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Malashevich, Andrei] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Jain, Manish] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. RP Malashevich, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sglouie@berkeley.edu RI Jain, Manish/A-8303-2010 OI Jain, Manish/0000-0001-9329-6434 FU National Science Foundation [DMR10-1006184]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Advanced Scientific Computing Research at LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Simons Foundation FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR10-1006184 (ground-state and structural studies, electrostatic correction analyses, and effective mass calculations) and the Theory Program at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) funded by the Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (quasiparticle calculations and studies of charge transition levels). Algorithm developments for large-scale GW simulations were supported through the Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program on Excited State Phenomena in Energy Materials funded by DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at LBNL. S. G. L. acknowledges the support of a Simons Foundation Fellowship in Theoretical Physics. Computational resources have been provided by DOE at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratorys NERSC facility and by National Institute for Computational Sciences. We would like to thank A. Janotti for helpful discussions. NR 42 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 55 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 7 AR 075205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.075205 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC3BM UT WOS:000332390000005 ER PT J AU Abelev, B Adam, J Adamova, D Adare, AM Aggarwal, MM Aglieri Rinella, G Agnello, M Agocs, AG Agostinelli, A Ahammed, Z Ahmad, N Ahmad Masoodi, A Ahmed, I Ahn, SU Ahn, SA Aimo, I Aiola, S Ajaz, M Akindinov, A Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alexandre, D Alici, A Alkin, A Alme, J Alt, T Altini, V Altinpinar, S Altsybeev, I Alves Garcia Prado, C Andrei, C Andronic, A Anguelov, V Anielski, J Anticic, T Antinori, F Antonioli, P Aphecetche, L Appelshauser, H Arbor, N Arcelli, S Armesto, N Arnaldi, R Aronsson, T Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmi, MD Bach, M Badala , A Baek, YW Bailhache, R Bairathi, V Bala, R Baldisseri, A Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, F Ban, J Baral, RC Barbera, R Barile, F Barnafoldi, GG Barnby, LS Barret, V Bartke, J Basile, M Bastid, N Basu, S Bathen, B Batigne, G Batyunya, B Batzing, PC Baumann, C Bearden, IG Beck, H Behera, NK Belikov, I Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belmont-Moreno, E Bencedi, G Beole, S Berceanu, I Bercuci, A Berdnikov, Y Berenyi, D Bergognon, AAE Bertens, RA Berzano, D Betev, L Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhom, J Bianchi, N Bianchi, L Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bilandzic, A Bjelogrlic, S Blanco, F Blau, D Blume, C Bock, F Bogdanov, A Boggild, H Bogolyubsky, M Boldizsar, L Bombara, M Book, J Borel, H Borissov, A Bornschein, J Bossu, F Botje, M Botta, E Bottger, S Braun-Munzinger, P Bregant, M Breitner, T Broker, TA Browning, TA Broz, M Brun, R Bruna, E Bruno, GE Budnikov, D Buesching, H Bufalino, S Buncic, P Busch, O Buthelezi, Z Caffarri, D Cai, X Caines, H Caliva, A Calvo Villar, E Camerini, P Canoa Roman, V Carena, F Carena, W Carminati, F Casanova Diaz, A Castillo Castellanos, J Casula, EAR Catanescu, V Cavicchioli, C Ceballos Sanchez, C Cepila, J Cerello, P Chang, B Chapeland, S Charvet, JL Chattopadhyay, S Chattopadhyay, S Cherney, M Cheshkov, C Cheynis, B 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Urciuoli, G. M. Usai, G. L. Vajzer, M. Vala, M. Valencia Palomo, L. Vande Vyvre, P. Vannucci, L. Van Hoorne, J. W. van Leeuwen, M. Vargas, A. Varma, R. Vasileiou, M. Vasiliev, A. Vechernin, V. Veldhoen, M. Venaruzzo, M. Vercellin, E. Vergara, S. Vernet, R. Verweij, M. Vickovic, L. Viesti, G. Viinikainen, J. Vilakazi, Z. Villalobos Baillie, O. Vinogradov, A. Vinogradov, L. Vinogradov, Y. Virgili, T. Viyogi, Y. P. Vodopyanov, A. Voelkl, M. A. Voloshin, K. Voloshin, S. A. Volpe, G. von Haller, B. Vorobyev, I. Vranic, D. Vrlakova, J. Vulpescu, B. Vyushin, A. Wagner, B. Wagner, V. Wagner, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, M. Watanabe, D. Watanabe, K. Weber, M. Wessels, J. P. Westerhoff, U. Wiechula, J. Wikne, J. Wilde, M. Wilk, G. Wilkinson, J. Williams, M. C. S. Windelband, B. Winn, M. Xiang, C. Yaldo, C. G. Yamaguchi, Y. Yang, H. Yang, P. Yang, S. Yano, S. Yasnopolskiy, S. Yi, J. Yin, Z. Yoo, I. -K. Yushmanov, I. Zaccolo, V. Zach, C. Zampolli, C. Zaporozhets, S. Zarochentsev, A. Zavada, P. Zaviyalov, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zelnicek, P. Zgura, I. S. Zhalov, M. Zhang, Y. Zhang, X. Zhang, F. Zhang, H. Zhang, X. Zhao, C. Zhou, D. Zhou, F. Zhou, Y. Zhu, J. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, X. Zichichi, A. Zimmermann, M. B. Zimmermann, A. Zinovjev, G. Zoccarato, Y. Zynovyev, M. Zyzak, M. CA ALICE Collaboration TI J/psi production and nuclear effects in p-Pb collisions at=5.02 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Relativistic heavy ion physics; Heavy Ions; Charm physics ID A COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=7 TEV; ENERGY-LOSS; SUPPRESSION AB Inclusive J/psi production has been studied with the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at the nucleon-nucleon center of mass energy = 5.02 TeV at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed in the center of mass rapidity domains 2.03 < y (cms) < 3.53 and -4.46 < y (cms) < -2.96, down to zero transverse momentum, studying the mu (+) mu (-) decay mode. In this paper, the J/psi production cross section and the nuclear modification factor R (pPb) for the rapidities under study are presented. While at forward rapidity, corresponding to the proton direction, a suppression of the J/psi yield with respect to binary-scaled pp collisions is observed, in the backward region no suppression is present. The ratio of the forward and backward yields is also measured differentially in rapidity and transverse momentum. Theoretical predictions based on nuclear shadowing, as well as on models including, in addition, a contribution from partonic energy loss, are in fair agreement with the experimental results. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, DV Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50138 Wroclaw, Poland. 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[Anielski, J.; Bathen, B.; Dietel, T.; Emschermann, D.; Feldkamp, L.; Haake, R.; Heide, M.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Passfeld, A.; Wessels, J. P.; Westerhoff, U.; Wilde, M.; Zimmermann, M. B.] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Belikov, I.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Molnar, L.; Roy, C.; Sanchez Castro, X.] Univ Strasbourg, IPHC, CNRS, IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Bogolyubsky, M.; Evdokimov, S.; Kharlov, Y.; Patalakha, D. I.; Polichtchouk, B.; Sadovsky, S.; Stolpovskiy, M.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Finogeev, D.; Guber, F.; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karpechev, E.; Konevskikh, A.; Kurepin, A. B.; Kurepin, A.; Maevskaya, A.; Pshenichnov, I.; Reshetin, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Bertens, R. A.; Bjelogrlic, S.; Caliva, A.; de Rooij, R.; Dobrin, A.; Dubla, A.; Grelli, A.; La Pointe, S. L.; Leogrande, E.; Lodato, D. F.; Luparello, G.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Reicher, M.; Snellings, R. J. 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[Belmont-Moreno, E.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Sandoval, A.; Serradilla, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico. [Bossu, F.; Buthelezi, Z.; Foertsch, S.; Murray, S.; Steyn, G.; Vilakazi, Z.] Natl Res Fdn, iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa. [Batyunya, B.; Grigoryan, S.; Malinina, L.; Mikhaylov, K.; Nomokonov, P.; Rogochaya, E.; Shabratova, G.; Vala, M.; Vodopyanov, A.; Zaporozhets, S.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Ahn, S. U.; Ahn, S. A.; Jang, H. J.; Kim, D. W.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon, South Korea. [Karasu Uysal, A.] KTO Karatay Univ, Konya, Turkey. [Baek, Y. W.; Barret, V.; Bastid, N.; Crochet, P.; Dupieux, P.; Li, S.; Lopez, X.; Manso, F.; Marchisone, M.; Porteboeuf-Houssais, S.; Rosnet, P.; Vulpescu, B.; Zhang, X.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, LPC, CNRS,IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Arbor, N.; Conesa Balbastre, G.; Faivre, J.; Furget, C.; Guernane, R.; Kox, S.; Real, J. 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[Andrei, C.; Berceanu, I.; Bercuci, A.; Catanescu, V.; Herghelegiu, A.; Petris, M.; Petrovici, M.; Pop, A.; Schiaua, C.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Mohanty, B.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. [Bearden, I. G.; Bilandzic, A.; Boggild, H.; Chojnacki, M.; Christensen, C. H.; Gaardhoje, J. J.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Hansen, A.; Nielsen, B. S.; Zaccolo, V.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Botje, M.; Christakoglou, P.; Kuijer, P. G.; Perez Lara, C. E.; Rodriguez Manso, A.] NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Subatom Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lemmon, R. C.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Nucl Phys Grp, Daresbury, England. [Adamova, D.; Bielcikova, J.; Ferencei, J.; Krizek, F.; Kucera, V.; Kushpil, V.; Kushpil, S.; Sumbera, M.; Vajzer, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Awes, T. C.; Ganoti, P.; Silvermyr, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. 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J.; Lohner, D.; Lu, X. -G.; Maire, A.; Mercado Perez, J.; Oeschler, H.; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Reidt, F.; Reygers, K.; Schicker, R.; Stachel, J.; Stiller, J. H.; Voelkl, M. A.; Wang, Y.; Wilkinson, J.; Windelband, B.; Winn, M.; Zimmermann, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Agnello, M.; Aimo, I.] Politecn Torino, Turin, Italy. [Browning, T. A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B. K.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chung, S. U.; Seo, J.; Song, J.; Yi, J.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Andronic, A.; Arsene, I. C.; Averbeck, R.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Donigus, B.; Foka, P.; Frankenfeld, U.; Garabatos, C.; Ivanov, M.; Knichel, M. L.; Koehler, M. K.; Krzewicki, M.; Lenhardt, M.; Lippmann, C.; Malzacher, P.; Marin, A.; Martin, N. A.; Masciocchi, S.; Miskowiec, D.; Nicassio, M.; Onderwaater, J.; Otwinowski, J.; Park, W. 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[Alici, A.; Antonioli, P.; Cindolo, F.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Margotti, A.; Nania, R.; Noferini, F.; Pesci, A.; Pinazza, O.; Preghenella, R.; Scapparone, E.; Williams, M. C. S.; Zampolli, C.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bologna, Italy. [Cicalo, C.; Masoni, A.; Siddhanta, S.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cagliari, Italy. [Badala, A.; Palmeri, A.; Pappalardo, G. S.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy. [Antinori, F.; Dainese, A.; Fabris, D.; Toia, A.; Turrisi, R.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Di Liberto, S.; Mazzoni, M. A.; Urciuoli, G. M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Fragiacomo, E.; Grion, N.; Piano, S.; Rachevski, A.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Agnello, M.; Aimo, I.; Alessandro, B.; Arnaldi, R.; Bruna, E.; Bufalino, S.; Cerello, P.; De Marco, N.; Feliciello, A.; La Pointe, S. L.; Manceau, L.; Oppedisano, C.; Prino, F.; Riccati, L.; Rivetti, A.; Scomparin, E.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Aphecetche, L.; Batigne, G.; Bergognon, A. A. E.; Bregant, M.; Delagrange, H.; Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Germain, M.; Lardeux, A.; Martinez Garcia, G.; Martin Blanco, J.; Mas, A.; Massacrier, L.; Pillot, P.; Schutz, Y.; Shabetai, A.; Stocco, D.] Univ Nantes, SUBATECH, Ecole Mines Nantes, CNRS,IN2P3, Nantes, France. [Kobdaj, C.] Suranaree Univ Technol, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. [Gotovac, S.; Mudnic, E.; Vickovic, L.] Tech Univ Split FESB, Split, Croatia. [Bartke, J.; Figiel, J.; Gladysz-Dziadus, E.; Goerlich, L.; Kowalski, M.; Matyja, A.; Rybicki, A.; Sputowska, I.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Knospe, A. G.; Markert, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gomez, R.; Leon Monzon, I.; Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.] Univ Autonoma Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico. [Alves Garcia Prado, C.; Bregant, M.; Cosentino, M. R.; Deppman, A.; de Barros, G. O. V.; Domenicis Gimenez, D.; Figueredo, M. A. S.; Jahnke, C.; Lagana Fernandes, C.; Moreira De Godoy, D. A.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira Da Silva, A. C.; Pereira De Oliveira Filho, E.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-09500900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chinellato, D. D.; Dash, A.; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Bellwied, R.; Chinellato, D. D.; Jayarathna, P. H. S. Y.; Jena, S.; Pinsky, L.; Piyarathna, D. B.; Timmins, A. R.; Weber, M.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. [Chang, B.; Kim, D. J.; Kral, J.; Morreale, A.; Rak, J.; Trzaska, W. H.; Viinikainen, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Figueredo, M. A. S.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Martashvili, I.; Mazer, J.; Nattrass, C.; Read, K. F.; Scott, R.; Sharma, N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Gunji, T.; Hamagaki, H.; Hayashi, S.; Hori, Y.; Torii, H.; Tsuji, T.; Yamaguchi, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [Bhom, J.; Chujo, T.; Esumi, S.; Inaba, M.; Miake, Y.; Sakata, D.; Sano, M.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, K.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Planinic, M.; Simatovic, G.] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia. [Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Ducroux, L.; Grossiord, J. -Y.; Guilbaud, M.; Tieulent, R.; Uras, A.; Zoccarato, Y.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IPN Lyon, IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Altsybeev, I.; Feofilov, G.; Kolojvari, A.; Kondratiev, V.; Kovalenko, V.; Vechernin, V.; Vinogradov, L.; Vorobyev, I.; Zarochentsev, A.] St Petersburg State Univ, V Fock Inst Phys, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Ahammed, Z.; Basu, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Choudhury, S.; De, S.; Dubey, A. K.; Ghosh, P.; Kar, S.; Khan, S. A.; Mohanty, B.; Muhuri, S.; Mukherjee, M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Saini, J.; Sarkar, D.; Singaraju, R.; Singha, S.; Singhal, V.; Sinha, B. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata, India. [Langoy, R.; Lien, J.] Vestfold Univ Coll, Tonsberg, Norway. [Graczykowski, L. K.; Janik, M. A.; Kisiel, A.; Oleniacz, J.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Szymanski, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Borissov, A.; Cormier, T. M.; Dobrin, A.; Loggins, V. R.; Mlynarz, J.; Prasad, S. K.; Pruneau, C. A.; Pujahari, P.; Putschke, J.; Verweij, M.; Voloshin, S. A.; Yaldo, C. G.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Agocs, A. G.; Barnafoldi, G. G.; Bencedi, G.; Berenyi, D.; Boldizsar, L.; Denes, E.; Hamar, G.; Kiss, G.; Levai, P.; Olah, L.; Pochybova, S.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Adare, A. M.; Aiola, S.; Aronsson, T.; Caines, H.; Connors, M. E.; Harris, J. W.; Hicks, B.; Ma, R.; Oh, S.; Reed, R. J.; Schuster, T.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Kang, J. H.; Kim, T.; Kim, B.; Kim, M.; Kwon, Y.; Song, M.] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Keidel, R.] Fachhsch Worms, ZTT, Worms, Germany. RP Abelev, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Graczykowski, Lukasz/O-7522-2015; Janik, Malgorzata/O-7520-2015; feofilov, grigory/A-2549-2013; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Chinellato, David/D-3092-2012; de Cuveland, Jan/H-6454-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Jena, Deepika/P-2873-2015; Jena, Satyajit/P-2409-2015; Akindinov, Alexander/J-2674-2016; Ahmed, Ijaz/E-9144-2015; Usai, Gianluca/E-9604-2015; Salgado, Carlos A./G-2168-2015; Barbera, Roberto/G-5805-2012; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Pshenichnov, Igor/A-4063-2008; Zarochentsev, Andrey/J-6253-2013; Altsybeev, Igor/K-6687-2013; Vinogradov, Leonid/K-3047-2013; Kondratiev, Valery/J-8574-2013; Vechernin, Vladimir/J-5832-2013; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Blau, Dmitry/H-4523-2012; Yang, Hongyan/J-9826-2014; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Felea, Daniel/C-1885-2012; Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor/L-3486-2013; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Kharlov, Yuri/D-2700-2015; Mitu, Ciprian/E-6733-2011; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Deppman, Airton/J-5787-2014; Martynov, Yevgen/L-3009-2015; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Ferreiro, Elena/C-3797-2017; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017; Ferretti, Alessandro/F-4856-2013; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/F-4083-2010; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; Vickovic, Linda/F-3517-2017; Adamova, Dagmar/G-9789-2014; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Kovalenko, Vladimir/C-5709-2013; Bregant, Marco/I-7663-2012; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Sevcenco, Adrian/C-1832-2012; Hladky, Jan/G-7953-2014; Kucera, Vit/G-8459-2014; Vajzer, Michal/G-8469-2014; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014 OI Fiore, Enrichetta Maria/0000-0002-3548-2690; Janik, Malgorzata/0000-0002-3356-3438; feofilov, grigory/0000-0003-3700-8623; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Chinellato, David/0000-0002-9982-9577; de Cuveland, Jan/0000-0003-0455-1398; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Jena, Deepika/0000-0003-2112-0311; Jena, Satyajit/0000-0002-6220-6982; Akindinov, Alexander/0000-0002-7388-3022; Usai, Gianluca/0000-0002-8659-8378; Salgado, Carlos A./0000-0003-4586-2758; Barbera, Roberto/0000-0001-5971-6415; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Pshenichnov, Igor/0000-0003-1752-4524; Zarochentsev, Andrey/0000-0002-3502-8084; Altsybeev, Igor/0000-0002-8079-7026; Vinogradov, Leonid/0000-0001-9247-6230; Kondratiev, Valery/0000-0002-0031-0741; Vechernin, Vladimir/0000-0003-1458-8055; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Felea, Daniel/0000-0002-3734-9439; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Deppman, Airton/0000-0001-9179-6363; Martynov, Yevgen/0000-0003-0753-2205; Ferreiro, Elena/0000-0002-4449-2356; Armesto, Nestor/0000-0003-0940-0783; Ferretti, Alessandro/0000-0001-9084-5784; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/0000-0002-8503-3009; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220; Vickovic, Linda/0000-0002-9820-7960; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Kovalenko, Vladimir/0000-0001-6012-6615; Sevcenco, Adrian/0000-0002-4151-1056; FU State Committee of Science; World Federation of Scientists (WFS); Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE); Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3; Region Pays de Loire; Region Alsace; Region Auvergne; CEA, France; German BMBF; Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA; National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT; DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC; EPLANET Program (European Particle Physics Latin American Network) Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research - NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica - ANCS); Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT; EELA; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion); CEADEN; Cubaenergia; Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR); Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); The United States Department of Energy; United States National Science Foundation; State of Texas; State of Ohio FX The ALICE collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector:; State Committee of Science, World Federation of Scientists (WFS) and Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia,; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP);; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC);; Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic;; Danish Natural Science Research Council, the Carlsberg Foundation and the Danish National Research Foundation;; The European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme;; Helsinki Institute of Physics and the Academy of Finland;; French CNRS-IN2P3, the 'Region Pays de Loire', 'Region Alsace', 'Region Auvergne' and CEA, France;; German BMBF and the Helmholtz Association;; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece;; Hungarian OTKA and National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH);; Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Italy;; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan;; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna;; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF);; CONACYT, DGAPA, Mexico, ALFA-EC and the EPLANET Program (European Particle Physics Latin American Network) Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands;; Research Council of Norway (NFR);; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education;; National Authority for Scientific Research - NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica - ANCS);; Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy, Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations and The Russian Foundation for Basic Research;; Ministry of Education of Slovakia;; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa;; CIEMAT, EELA, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain, Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion), CEADEN, Cubaenergia, Cuba, and IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency);; Swedish Research Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW);; Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science;; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC);; The United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the State of Texas, and the State of Ohio. NR 65 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 86 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 IS 2 AR 073 DI 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)073 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AB7LX UT WOS:000331972800001 ER PT J AU Emondts, M Ledbetter, MP Pustelny, S Theis, T Patton, B Blanchard, JW Butler, MC Budker, D Pines, A AF Emondts, M. Ledbetter, M. P. Pustelny, S. Theis, T. Patton, B. Blanchard, J. W. Butler, M. C. Budker, D. Pines, A. TI Long-Lived Heteronuclear Spin-Singlet States in Liquids at a Zero Magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; SLOW DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; RESONANCE; LIFETIMES AB We report an observation of long-lived spin-singlet states in a C-13-H-1 spin pair in a zero magnetic field. In C-13-labeled formic acid, we observe spin-singlet lifetimes as long as 37 s, about a factor of 3 longer than the T-1 lifetime of dipole polarization in the triplet state. In contrast to common high-field experiments, the observed coherence is a singlet-triplet coherence with a lifetime T-2 longer than the T-1 lifetime of dipole polarization in the triplet manifold. Moreover, we demonstrate that heteronuclear singlet states formed between a H-1 and a C-13 nucleus can exhibit longer lifetimes than the respective triplet states even in the presence of additional spins that couple to the spin pair of interest. Although long-lived homonuclear spin-singlet states have been extensively studied, this is the first experimental observation of analogous singlet states in heteronuclear spin pairs. C1 [Emondts, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Tech & Macromol Chem, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. [Ledbetter, M. P.; Pustelny, S.; Patton, B.; Budker, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ledbetter, M. P.] AOSense, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. [Pustelny, S.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Ctr Magnetoopt Res, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Theis, T.; Blanchard, J. W.; Butler, M. C.; Pines, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Theis, T.; Blanchard, J. W.; Butler, M. C.; Pines, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Budker, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Emondts, M (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Tech & Macromol Chem, Worringer Weg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM meike.emondts@rwth-aachen.de; micah.ledbetter@gmail.com RI Theis, Thomas/J-2304-2014; Budker, Dmitry/F-7580-2016; Emondts, Meike/Q-4539-2016; OI Theis, Thomas/0000-0001-6779-9978; Budker, Dmitry/0000-0002-7356-4814; Emondts, Meike/0000-0001-5360-0593; Butler, Mark/0000-0002-1273-5771; Blanchard, John/0000-0002-1621-6637; Bluemich, Bernhard/0000-0002-1152-4438 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0957655, DGE-1106400]; Kolumb program of the Foundation for Polish Science FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (J. W. B., T. T., and A. P.), by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CHE-0957655 (DB, MCB and MPL), and by the Kolumb program of the Foundation for Polish Science (S. P.). J. W. B. is also supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1106400. M. P. L. appreciates useful discussions with B. Koelsch. We are grateful to S. Appelt for stimulating discussions and support. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 7 AR 077601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.077601 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7EQ UT WOS:000331952500007 PM 24579636 ER PT J AU Saparov, B Cantoni, C Pan, MH Hogan, TC Ratcliff, W Wilson, SD Fritsch, K Gaulin, BD Sefat, AS AF Saparov, Bayrammurad Cantoni, Claudia Pan, Minghu Hogan, Thomas C. Ratcliff, William, II Wilson, Stephen D. Fritsch, Katharina Gaulin, Bruce D. Sefat, Athena S. TI Complex structures of different CaFe2As2 samples SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article AB The interplay between magnetism and crystal structures in three CaFe2As2 samples is studied. For the nonmagnetic quenched crystals, different crystalline domains with varying lattice parameters are found, and three phases (orthorhombic, tetragonal, and collapsed tetragonal) coexist between T-S = 95 K and 45 K. Annealing of the quenched crystals at 350 degrees C leads to a strain relief through a large (similar to 1.3%) expansion of the c-parameter and a small (similar to 0.2%) contraction of the a-parameter, and to local similar to 0.2 angstrom displacements at the atomic-level. This annealing procedure results in the most homogeneous crystals for which the antiferromagnetic and orthorhombic phase transitions occur at T-N/T-S = 168(1) K. In the 700 degrees C-annealed crystal, an intermediate strain regime takes place, with tetragonal and orthorhombic structural phases coexisting between 80 to 120 K. The origin of such strong shifts in the transition temperatures are tied to structural parameters. Importantly, with annealing, an increase in the Fe-As length leads to more localized Fe electrons and higher local magnetic moments on Fe ions. Synergistic contribution of other structural parameters, including a decrease in the Fe-Fe distance, and a dramatic increase of the c-parameter, which enhances the Fermi surface nesting in CaFe2As2, are also discussed. C1 [Saparov, Bayrammurad; Cantoni, Claudia; Pan, Minghu; Sefat, Athena S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hogan, Thomas C.; Wilson, Stephen D.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Ratcliff, William, II] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Fritsch, Katharina; Gaulin, Bruce D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Gaulin, Bruce D.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Gaulin, Bruce D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. RP Saparov, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM saparovbi@ornl.gov RI Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016 OI Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504 FU Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; ORNL's Shared Research Equipment User Program; Office of Science of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; NSF CAREER [DMR-1056625]; NSERC of Canada FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. CC acknowledges support by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment User Program, which is sponsored by the Office of Science of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. MHP acknowledges the support of the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, for the work conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences in ORNL. SDW acknowledges support under NSF CAREER DMR-1056625. Work at McMaster University was supported by NSERC of Canada. The authors acknowledge and greatly appreciate discussions with Elbio R. Dagotto and Krzysztof Gofryk. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 47 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 18 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 4120 DI 10.1038/srep04120 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AA9GF UT WOS:000331401100004 PM 24844399 ER PT J AU Logue, JM Singer, BC AF Logue, Jennifer M. Singer, Brett C. TI Energy impacts of effective range hood use for all U.S. residential cooking SO HVAC&R RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INDOOR; GAS; APPORTIONMENT; PERFORMANCE; PARTICLES; EMISSION; ACROLEIN; HOMES; AIR AB Range hood use during residential cooking is essential to maintaining good indoor air quality. However, widespread use will impact the energy demand of the U.S. housing stock. This article describes a modeling study to determine site energy, source energy, and consumer costs for comprehensive range hood use. To estimate the energy impacts for all 113 million homes in the United States, we extrapolated from the simulation of a representative weighted sample of 50,000 virtual homes developed from the 2009 Residential Energy Consumption Survey database. A physics-based simulation model that considered fan energy, energy to condition additional incoming air, and the effect on home heating and cooling due to exhausting the heat from cooking was applied to each home. Range hoods performing at a level common to range hoods currently in U.S. homes would require 19-33 TWh (69-120 PJ) of site energy, 31-53 TWh (110-190 PJ) of source energy; and would cost consumers $1.2 to $2.1 billion (US$/2010) annually in the U.S. housing stock. The average household would spend less than $15 annually. Reducing required airflow (e.g., with designs that promote better pollutant capture and have more energy saving potential, on average, than improving fan efficiency). C1 [Logue, Jennifer M.; Singer, Brett C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Logue, JM (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd Mail Stop 90R3083, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jmlogue@lbl.gov FU U.S. Dept. of Energy Building America Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control through Interagency [I-PHI-01070]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Indoor Environments Division through Interagency [DW-89-92322201-0]; California Energy Commission [500-05-026, 500-08-061] FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Dept. of Energy Building America Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231; by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control through Interagency Agreement I-PHI-01070; by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Indoor Environments Division through Interagency Agreement DW-89-92322201-0; and by the California Energy Commission through Contracts 500-05-026 and 500-08-061. None of the authors has any actual or potential competing financial interests. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1078-9669 EI 1938-5587 J9 HVAC&R RES JI HVAC&R Res. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 264 EP 275 DI 10.1080/10789669.2013.869104 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA AA8GD UT WOS:000331332700010 ER PT J AU Chen, AP Bi, ZX Zhang, WR Jian, J Jia, QX Wang, HY AF Chen, Aiping Bi, Zhenxing Zhang, Wenrui Jian, Jie Jia, Quanxi Wang, Haiyan TI Textured metastable VO2 (B) thin films on SrTiO3 substrates with significantly enhanced conductivity SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; PHASE-TRANSITION; TRANSFORMATION; DEPOSITION; STORAGE; GROWTH AB Textured metastable VO2 (B) thin films with a layered structure were grown on SrTiO3 (001) by pulsed laser deposition. The X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results indicate that VO2 (B) films exhibit c-axis out-of-plane, while the films have 4 possible in-plane matching relations. In addition, a small amount of VO2 (M) phase can co-grow in the VO2 (B) phase when the film thickness exceeds a threshold. The thick VO2 films on STO exhibit a sharp metal-insulator transition with an increase of electrical conductivity in two orders of magnitude. This study may provide an alternative approach to enhance the performance of insulating VO2 (B) based batteries with increased electrical conductivity by incorporating VO2 (M) phase in the VO2 (B) phase layered network. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Chen, Aiping; Zhang, Wenrui; Jian, Jie; Wang, Haiyan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Chen, Aiping; Bi, Zhenxing; Jia, Quanxi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, AP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM apchen@lanl.gov; wangh@ece.tamu.edu RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; Chen, Aiping/F-3212-2011; Zhang, Wenrui/D-1892-2015 OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Chen, Aiping/0000-0003-2639-2797; Zhang, Wenrui/0000-0002-0223-1924 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-0846504, NSF-1007969]; NNSA's Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Ceramic Program, Nos. NSF-0846504 and NSF-1007969). The work at Los Alamos was partially supported by the NNSA's Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program and was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 59 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 AR 071909 DI 10.1063/1.4865898 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AB8KI UT WOS:000332038500019 ER PT J AU Manickaraj, J Gorny, A Cai, ZH Shankar, S AF Manickaraj, Jeyakumar Gorny, Anton Cai, Zhonghou Shankar, Sumanth TI X-ray nano-diffraction study of Sr intermetallic phase during solidification of Al-Si hypoeutectic alloy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-SILICON ALLOYS; EUTECTIC SI; STRONTIUM; NUCLEATION; SEGREGATION; MECHANISM; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH AB The evolution of strontium (Sr) containing intermetallic phase in the eutectic reaction of Sr-modified Al-Si hypoeutectic alloy was studied with high energy synchrotron beam source for nano-diffraction experiments and x-ray fluorescence elemental mapping. Contrary to popular belief, Sr does not seem to interfere with the Twin Plane Re-entrant Edge (TPRE) growth mechanism of eutectic Si, but evolves as the Al2Si2Sr phase during the eutectic reaction at the boundary between the eutectic Si and Al grains. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Manickaraj, Jeyakumar; Gorny, Anton; Shankar, Sumanth] McMaster Univ, Dept Mech Engn, LMCRC, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada. [Cai, Zhonghou] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shankar, S (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Mech Engn, LMCRC, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada. EM shankar@mcmaster.ca FU Ontario Research Fund through the Initiative for Automotive Manufacturing Innovation (IAMI) at McMaster University; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors wish to extend their sincere gratitude to the Ontario Research Fund for the financial assistance through the Initiative for Automotive Manufacturing Innovation (IAMI) at McMaster University. The authors also want to recognize the use of the synchrotron beam line 2-ID-D at the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 AR 073102 DI 10.1063/1.4865496 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AB8KI UT WOS:000332038500054 ER PT J AU Romanenko, A Grassellino, A Barkov, F Suter, A Salman, Z Prokscha, T AF Romanenko, A. Grassellino, A. Barkov, F. Suter, A. Salman, Z. Prokscha, T. TI Strong Meissner screening change in superconducting radio frequency cavities due to mild baking SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MUONS; SURFACE; GENERATION; RESOLUTION; NIOBIUM AB We investigate "hot" regions with anomalous high field dissipation in bulk niobium superconducting radio frequency cavities for particle accelerators by using low energy muon spin rotation (LE-mu SR) on corresponding cavity cutouts. We demonstrate that superconducting properties at the hot region are well described by the non-local Pippard/BCS model for niobium in the clean limit with a London penetration depth lambda(L) = 23 +/- 62 nm. In contrast, a cutout sample from the 120 degrees C baked cavity shows a much larger lambda > 100 nm and a depth dependent mean free path, likely due to gradient in vacancy concentration. We suggest that these vacancies can efficiently trap hydrogen and hence prevent the formation of hydrides responsible for rf losses in hot regions. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. C1 [Romanenko, A.; Grassellino, A.; Barkov, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Suter, A.; Salman, Z.; Prokscha, T.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Muon Spin Spect, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Romanenko, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM aroman@fnal.gov RI Salman, Zaher/A-5696-2008 OI Salman, Zaher/0000-0002-3431-8135 FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [De-AC02-07CH11359]; United States Department of Energy; U.S. DOE Office of Nuclear Physics FX We acknowledge Hans-Peter Weber for his excellent technical support. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. A. R. and F.B. were partially supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Nuclear Physics. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 AR 072601 DI 10.1063/1.4866013 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AB8KI UT WOS:000332038500044 ER PT J AU Ulvestad, A Cho, HM Harder, R Kim, JW Dietze, SH Fohtung, E Meng, YS Shpyrko, OG AF Ulvestad, A. Cho, H. M. Harder, R. Kim, J. W. Dietze, S. H. Fohtung, E. Meng, Y. S. Shpyrko, O. G. TI Nanoscale strain mapping in battery nanostructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; PHASE-RETRIEVAL ALGORITHMS; CAPACITY LOSS; ELECTRODE PARTICLES; STRESS GENERATION; MANGANESE OXIDE; LINI0.5MN1.5O4; CATHODES; SUPPRESSION AB Coherent x-ray diffraction imaging is used to map the local three dimensional strain inhomogeneity and electron density distribution of two individual LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-delta cathode nanoparticles in both ex-situ and in-situ environments. Our reconstructed images revealed a maximum strain of 0.4%. We observed different variations in strain inhomogeneity due to multiple competing effects. The compressive/tensile component of the strain is connected to the local lithium content and, on the surface, interpreted in terms of a local Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn3+. Finally, the measured strain distributions are discussed in terms of their impact on competing theoretical models of the lithiation process. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Ulvestad, A.; Kim, J. W.; Dietze, S. H.; Shpyrko, O. G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Cho, H. M.; Meng, Y. S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Harder, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Fohtung, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fohtung, E.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Ulvestad, A (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM aulvesta@ucsd.edu RI Ulvestad, Andrew/K-8888-2015; Kim, Jong Woo/B-5369-2017; OI Ulvestad, Andrew/0000-0003-4611-2561; Fohtung, Edwin/0000-0001-5598-0446 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001805]; UCSD; U.S. D.O.E. [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-SC0001805 and by the UCSD Chancellor's Interdisciplinary Award. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. D.O.E. under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The author thanks beam line scientist David Vine and staff at Argonne National Laboratory and the Advanced Photon Source. The author thanks Kyler Carrol for useful discussions regarding the properties of lithium oxide spinels. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 68 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 AR 073108 DI 10.1063/1.4866030 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AB8KI UT WOS:000332038500060 ER PT J AU Chang, CJ Raymond, KN AF Chang, Christopher J. Raymond, Kenneth N. TI Preface for the Forum on Imaging and Sensing: Probing and Utilizing the Elements of Life for Studying and Improving Health and Society SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; FLUORESCENT; FRAMEWORKS; CHEMISTRY; BIOLOGY; METALS; CELLS C1 [Chang, Christopher J.; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chang, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chang, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chang, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chang, Christopher J.; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chang, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM chrischang@berkeley.edu; raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 53 IS 4 BP 1791 EP 1793 DI 10.1021/ic500099n PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA AB9VP UT WOS:000332144100001 PM 24506438 ER PT J AU Hunter, SC Podlesnyak, AA Xue, ZL AF Hunter, Seth C. Podlesnyak, Andrey A. Xue, Zi-Ling TI Magnetic Excitations in Metalloporphyrins by Inelastic Neutron Scattering: Determination of Zero-Field Splittings in Iron, Manganese, and Chromium Complexes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-MOLECULE MAGNETS; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LOW-TEMPERATURE MAGNETIZATION; METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; HIGH-SPIN MANGANESE(III); HIGH-FREQUENCY; GROUND-STATE; PORPHYRINS; HYDROGEN; SPECTROSCOPY AB Zero field splitting (ZFS) parameters of several nondeuterated metalloporphyrins [M(TPP)Cl] and [Mn(TPP)] (H2TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) have been directly determined by inelastic neutron scattering (INS). The ZFS values are the following: D = 6.33(8) cm(-1) for [Fe(TPP)Cl], -2.24(3) cm(-1) for [Mn(TPP)Cl], 0.79(2) cm(-1) for [Mn(TPP)], and vertical bar D vertical bar=0.234(12) cm(-1) for [Cr(TPP)Cl]. The work shows that compounds with magnetic excitations below similar to 30 cm(-1) could be determined using nondeuterated samples. C1 [Hunter, Seth C.; Xue, Zi-Ling] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Podlesnyak, Andrey A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Podlesnyak, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM podlesnyakaa@ornl.gov; xue@utk.edu RI Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013 OI Podlesnyak, Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319 FU Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences Fellowship; U.S. National Science Foundation [CHE-1012173]; American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX The work is supported by a Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences Fellowship (S.C.H.), U.S. National Science Foundation (CHE-1012173 to Z.-L.X.). Acknowledgment is also made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research. Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. We acknowledge the technical and scientific support from the staff at the SNS. NR 82 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 40 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD FEB 17 PY 2014 VL 53 IS 4 BP 1955 EP 1961 DI 10.1021/ic4028354 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA AB9VP UT WOS:000332144100017 PM 24527685 ER EF