FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Feng, ZX
Yacoby, Y
Hong, WT
Zhou, H
Biegalski, MD
Christen, HM
Shao-Horn, Y
AF Feng, Zhenxing
Yacoby, Yizhak
Hong, Wesley T.
Zhou, Hua
Biegalski, Michael D.
Christen, Hans M.
Shao-Horn, Yang
TI Revealing the atomic structure and strontium distribution in
nanometer-thick La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-delta grown on (001)-oriented SrTiO3
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; OXYGEN-SURFACE EXCHANGE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES;
NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CATHODE MATERIALS; QUANTUM DOTS; IN-SITU; FILMS;
PEROVSKITES; REDUCTION
AB Surface segregation in metal oxides can greatly influence the oxygen transport and surface oxygen exchange kinetics critical to the performance of solid-state devices such as oxygen permeation membranes and solid oxide fuel/electrolytic cell electrodes. Unfortunately detecting elemental distributions at the atomic scale near the surface remains challenging, which hampers the understanding of underpinning mechanisms and control of surface segregation for the design of high-performance materials. Using the coherent Bragg rod analysis (COBRA) method, we report the first direct 3D atomic imaging of a 4 nm-thick "La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-delta"/SrTiO3 epitaxial film. Of significance, energy differential COBRA revealed pronounced Sr segregation (La1-xSrxCoO3-delta, x similar to 0.4)in the four unit cells from the top surface while complete Sr depletion was detected in the five unit cells from the "La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-delta"/SrTiO3 interface. The drastic strontium compositional changes in the film were associated with large changes in the atomic positions of apical oxygen sites in the perovskite structure. Such Sr segregation tendencies toward the surface were also found in nominal "La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-delta" thin films, which can greatly enhance the surface oxygen exchange properties of oxides. The results presented here show that COBRA and the differential COBRA methods can be used to investigate a variety of electrochemically active systems providing atomic scale structural and chemical information that can help understand the physical and chemical properties of these systems and serve as a basis for comparison with DFT calculations.
C1 [Feng, Zhenxing; Hong, Wesley T.; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Electrochem Energy Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Feng, Zhenxing; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Yacoby, Yizhak] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
[Hong, Wesley T.; Shao-Horn, Yang] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Zhou, Hua] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Biegalski, Michael D.; Christen, Hans M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Feng, ZX (reprint author), MIT, Electrochem Energy Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM shaohorn@mit.edu
RI Hong, Wesley/H-1102-2014; Feng, Zhenxing/J-7457-2013; Christen,
Hans/H-6551-2013
OI Feng, Zhenxing/0000-0001-7598-5076; Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469
FU DOE (SISGR) [DESC0002633]; King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology; Israel Science [1005/11]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported in part by DOE (SISGR DESC0002633) and King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology. The authors like to thank
the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Dharam, Saudi
Arabia, for funding the research reported in this paper through the
Center for Clean Water Clean Energy at MIT and KFUPM. This research was
supported by the Israel Science Foundation under grant no. 1005/11. Use
of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility
operated for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by
Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under
Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Authors thank the beamline technical
support from Zhan Zhang, Christian M. Schlepuetz and Lynette Jirik at
ID-33 of APS. The PLD preparation performed was conducted at the Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory by the Scienti. c User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy.
NR 57
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 63
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 3
BP 1166
EP 1174
DI 10.1039/c3ee43164a
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD4FR
UT WOS:000333203900036
ER
PT J
AU Oldani, N
Tretiak, S
Bazan, G
Fernandez-Alberti, S
AF Oldani, N.
Tretiak, S.
Bazan, G.
Fernandez-Alberti, S.
TI Modeling of internal conversion in photoexcited conjugated molecular
donors used in organic photovoltaics
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; UNIDIRECTIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; DYNAMICS
SIMULATIONS; NONLINEAR POLARIZABILITIES; NONADIABATIC COUPLINGS;
ELECTRONIC COHERENCE; OPTICAL-EXCITATIONS; VITREOUS SILICA; EFFICIENCY;
LOCALIZATION
AB Using the Non-Adiabatic Excited States Molecular Dynamics (NA-ESMD) approach, we investigate the ultrafast electronic relaxation in a recently synthesized small molecule donor, p-DTS(PTTh2)(2), which belongs to the dithienosilole-pyridylthiadiazole family of chromophores. In combination with the PC70BM acceptor, p-DTS(PTTh2)(2) can be used to fabricate high efficiency bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. After photoexcitation to its broad high-energy peak in the 3-4 eV range, associated with multiple excited states, p-DTS(PTTh2)(2) undergoes efficient ultrafast internal conversion to its lowest excited state. During this process, about 1-2 eV electronic energy transfers to the vibrational degrees of freedom leading to rapid heating of the molecule. Nevertheless, our simulations do not detect possible bond-breaking or decomposition of the system. This suggests minimal intra-molecular photodamage after photoexcitation to high-energy states in the 3-4 eV region. Calculated radiationless deactivation mainly consists of a sequential mechanism that involves electronic transitions between the current transient state and the corresponding state directly below in energy. Changes in the density of states along the relaxation process lead to pronounced variations and time-dependence of the accumulated populations of the different intermediate electronic excited states. Visualization of the electronic transition density during internal conversion reveals spatial intramolecular delocalization of electronic excitation from the thiophene moieties to the entire chromophore. Finally, our analysis of non-adiabatic coupling vectors suggests characteristic vibrational degrees of freedom coupled to the electronic system during various stages of non-radiative relaxation.
C1 [Oldani, N.; Fernandez-Alberti, S.] Univ Nacl Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina.
[Tretiak, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies CNLS, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Tretiak, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Bazan, G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Bazan, G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Ctr Polymers & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Oldani, N (reprint author), Univ Nacl Quilmes, Roque Saenz Pena 352,B1876BXD, Bernal, Argentina.
EM serg@lanl.gov; sfalberti@gmail.com
RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009; Bazan, Guillermo/B-7625-2014
OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647;
FU Energy Efficient Materials (CEEM), Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE); Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (BES)
FX S. T. and G. B. acknowledge support of the Center for Energy Efficient
Materials (CEEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (BES). This work was partially supported by CONICET, UNQ,
ANPCyT (PICT-20102375) and the National Science Foundation grant no.
CHE0239120 and CHE-0808910, and the U. S. Department of Energy and Los
Alamos LDRD funds. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los
Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security
Administration of the U. S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396. We acknowledge support of Center for Integrated
Nanotechnology (CINT) and Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL.
NR 96
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 44
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 3
BP 1175
EP 1184
DI 10.1039/c3ee43170c
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD4FR
UT WOS:000333203900037
ER
PT J
AU Lambert, WB
Brickey, A
Newman, AM
Eurek, K
AF Lambert, W. Brian
Brickey, Andrea
Newman, Alexandra M.
Eurek, Kelly
TI Open-Pit Block-Sequencing Formulations: A Tutorial
SO INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE mine scheduling; mine planning; open-pit mining; surface mining;
optimization; integer programming applications
ID ALGORITHM
AB A classical problem in the mining industry for open-pit mines involves scheduling the production of notional three-dimensional production blocks, each containing a predetermined amount of ore and waste. That is, given operational resource constraints on extraction and processing, we seek a net present value-maximizing schedule of when, if ever, to extract each block in a deposit. We present a version of the problem, which some literature refers to as (CPIT). This constrained ultimate pit limit problem (i.e., open-pit production-scheduling problem variant) produces a sequence of blocks to extract given minimum and maximum bounds on production and processing capacity, and geospatial precedences. Our tutorial demonstrates methods to expedite solutions for instances of this model through variable definition, preprocessing, algorithmic choice, and the provision of an initial feasible solution. As such, our paper is relevant for any mining practitioner interested in production scheduling, and any operations researcher interested in a basic introduction before extending the boundaries of algorithmic development in this area.
C1 [Lambert, W. Brian; Newman, Alexandra M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Brickey, Andrea] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Min Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Eurek, Kelly] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lambert, WB (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Div Econ & Business, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM wlambert@mines.edu; abrickey@mymail.mines.edu; newman@mines.edu;
keurek@gmail.com
NR 27
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 6
PU INFORMS
PI CATONSVILLE
PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA
SN 0092-2102
EI 1526-551X
J9 INTERFACES
JI Interfaces
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 44
IS 2
SI SI
BP 127
EP 142
DI 10.1287/inte.2013.0731
PG 16
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA AE1SK
UT WOS:000333749800002
ER
PT J
AU Puente, APY
Dickson, J
Keiser, DD
Sohn, YH
AF Puente, A. Paz Y.
Dickson, J.
Keiser, D. D., Jr.
Sohn, Y. H.
TI Investigation of interdiffusion behavior in the Mo-Zr binary system via
diffusion couple studies
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Interdiffusion; Interdiffusion coefficients; Diffusion couples;
Molybdenum; Zirconium
ID CR
AB Zirconium has recently garnered attention for use as a diffusion barrier between U-Mo metallic nuclear fuels and Al alloy cladding. In order to gain a fundamental understanding of the diffusional interactions, the interdiffusion behavior in the binary Mo-Zr system was investigated via solid-to-solid diffusion couples annealed in the temperature range of 750 to 1050 degrees C. A combination of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis were used to examine the microstructure and concentration profiles across the interdiffusion zone. A large beta-Zr (cI2) solid solution layer and a thin (similar to 1-2 mu m) layer of Mo2Zr (cF24) developed in all couples. Parabolic growth constants and concentration dependent interdiffusion coefficients were calculated for the Mo2Zr and Zr solid solution phases, respectively. The pre-exponential factor and activation energy for growth of the Mo2Zr phase were determined to be approximately 6.5 x 10(-15) m(2)/s and 90 kJ/mol, respectively. The interdiffusion coefficient in beta-Zr solid solution decreased with an increase in Mo concentration. Both the pre-exponential factors (2 x 10(-8) m(2)/s at 2 at.% Mo to near 5 x 10(-8) m(2)/s at 9 at.% Mo) and activation energies (140 kJ/mol at 2 at.% Mo to approximately 155 kJ/mol at 9 at.% Mo) of interdiffusion coefficients were determined to increase with an increase in Mo concentration. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Puente, A. Paz Y.; Dickson, J.; Sohn, Y. H.] Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Keiser, D. D., Jr.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Scoville, ID 83415 USA.
RP Puente, APY (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mat Sci Engn, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
RI Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010; Paz y Puente, Ashley/M-2022-2015
OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743; Paz y Puente,
Ashley/0000-0001-7108-7164
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction
[NA-212]; National Nuclear Security Administration under DOE-NE Idaho
Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212) and the National Nuclear
Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a
non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S.
Government purposes.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-4368
J9 INT J REFRACT MET H
JI Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mat.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 43
BP 317
EP 321
DI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2013.12.017
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AE2FW
UT WOS:000333789700048
ER
PT J
AU He, JY
Lu, L
Zhao, C
Mei, DH
Lercher, JA
AF He, Jiayue
Lu, Lu
Zhao, Chen
Mei, Donghai
Lercher, Johannes A.
TI Mechanisms of catalytic cleavage of benzyl phenyl ether in aqueous and
apolar phases
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lignin; Hydrolysis; Hydrogenolysis; Ether cleavage; Alkylation;
Pyrolysis
ID SYNCHRONOUS-TRANSIT METHOD; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; ACID CATALYSIS; ARYL
ETHERS; LIGNIN; HYDROGENOLYSIS; CONVERSION; PYROLYSIS; PHENOLS; SOLVENT
AB Catalytic pathways for the cleavage of ether bonds in benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) in liquid phase using Ni- and zeolite-based catalysts are explored. In the absence of catalysts, the C-O bond is selectively cleaved in water by hydrolysis, forming phenol and benzyl alcohol as intermediates, followed by alkylation. The hydronium ions catalyzing the reactions are provided by the dissociation of water at 523 K. Upon addition of HZSM-5, rates of hydrolysis and alkylation are markedly increased in relation to proton concentrations. In the presence of Ni/SiO2, the selective hydrogenolysis dominates for cleaving the C-aliphatic-O bond. catalyzed by the dual-functional Ni/HZSM-5, hydrogenolysis occurs as the major route rather than hydrolysis (minor route). In apolar undecane, the non-catalytic thermal pyrolysis route dominates. Hydrogenolysis of BPE appears to be the major reaction pathway in undecane in the presence of Ni/SiO2 or Ni/HZSM-5, almost completely suppressing radical reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations strongly support the proposed C-O bond cleavage mechanisms on BPE in aqueous and apolar phases. These calculations show that BPE is initially protonated and subsequently hydrolyzed in the aqueous phase. DFT calculations suggest that the radical reactions in non-polar solvents lead to primary benzyl and phenoxy radicals in undecane, which leads to heavier condensation products as long as metals are absent for providing dissociated hydrogen. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [He, Jiayue; Lu, Lu; Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[He, Jiayue; Lu, Lu; Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Catalysis Res Ctr, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[Mei, Donghai; Lercher, Johannes A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhao, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, Lichtenbergstr 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
EM chenzhao@mytum.de; johannes.lercher@ch.tum.de
RI Mei, Donghai/A-2115-2012; Mei, Donghai/D-3251-2011; He,
Jiayue/P-9867-2016
OI Mei, Donghai/0000-0002-0286-4182; He, Jiayue/0000-0002-6498-9538
FU graduate school (Faculty Graduate Center of Chemistry) of the Technische
Universitat Munchen; Elite Network of Bavaria (Graduate School NanoCat);
US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences Biosciences; DOE's Office of Biological
and Environmental Research
FX J.H. gratefully acknowledges for the support from the graduate school
(Faculty Graduate Center of Chemistry) of the Technische Universitat
Munchen and the Elite Network of Bavaria (Graduate School NanoCat). D.M.
and J.A.L. thank for the support from the US Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences & Biosciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle.
Computing time was granted by the grand challenge of computational
catalysis of the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory (EMSL) and by the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center (NERSC). EMSL is a national scientific user facility
located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and sponsored by
DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.
NR 39
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 12
U2 182
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
EI 1090-2694
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 311
BP 41
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.10.024
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA AD8AS
UT WOS:000333489500006
ER
PT J
AU Balakrishnan, K
AF Balakrishnan, Kaushik
TI Diffusion- and Kinetics-Limited Combustion of an Explosively Dispersed
Aluminum Particle
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article
ID DETONATION
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Balakrishnan, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, MS 50A-1148,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM kaushikb258@gmail.com
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
EI 1533-3876
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 2
BP 522
EP 526
DI 10.2514/1.B35059
PG 5
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA AD8ST
UT WOS:000333536600028
ER
PT J
AU Medikonda, M
Muthinti, GR
Fronheiser, J
Kamineni, V
Wormington, M
Matney, K
Adam, TN
Karapetrova, E
Diebold, AC
AF Medikonda, Manasa
Muthinti, Gangadhara R.
Fronheiser, Jody
Kamineni, Vimal
Wormington, Matthew
Matney, Kevin
Adam, Thomas N.
Karapetrova, Evguenia
Diebold, Alain C.
TI Measurement of periodicity and strain in arrays of single crystal
silicon and pseudomorphic Si1-xGex/Si fin structures using x-ray
reciprocal space maps
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE GRATINGS; DIFFRACTION
AB Characterization of the periodicity and strain state of an array of lithographically patterned silicon and silicon-germanium alloy on silicon fins using reciprocal space mapping of Bragg diffraction peaks is presented. Various patterned structures with different pitch values of 90 nm, 65 nm, and 42 nm have been studied and data for the 42 nm pitch sample is discussed in this paper. Diffraction from fin arrays is treated kinematically analogous to periodic surface grating structures. Diffraction from the symmetric 004 planes is used to calculate pitch and analyze the pitch walking pattern which appears as harmonic peaks on either side of the fin peaks. Pitch walking refers to the presence of two periodicities in the array due to the lithographic process. Longitudinal scans are evaluated at the fin peak positions to probe into the shape of the fin structure. Nonrectangular fin shapes resulted in peak splitting of the longitudinal scans of higher order fin peaks indicating a finite sidewall slope. Asymmetric 224 planes were analyzed to study the quality and strain-relaxation of the fin structures both parallel and perpendicular to the fin length using reciprocal space mapping techniques. (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society.
C1 [Medikonda, Manasa; Muthinti, Gangadhara R.; Adam, Thomas N.; Diebold, Alain C.] SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
[Fronheiser, Jody; Kamineni, Vimal] GLOBALFOUNDRIES, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
[Wormington, Matthew; Matney, Kevin] Jordan Valley Semicond Inc, Austin, TX 78744 USA.
[Karapetrova, Evguenia] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Medikonda, M (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
EM mmedikonda@albany.edu
FU Center for Nanoscale Metrology; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors acknowledge TEL Technology Center, America, for their
generous contribution of analysis time on the BML tool. M. Medikonda
gratefully acknowledges funding from the Center for Nanoscale Metrology.
Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors acknowledge the integration
support of Jeremy Wahl, Kerem Akarvardar, and Steven Bentley along with
the management support from William Taylor and Ajey Jacob from
GLOBALFOUNDRIES.
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 5
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 2
AR 021804
DI 10.1116/1.4863316
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA AD9BW
UT WOS:000333560600049
ER
PT J
AU Song, T
Park, Y
Shamputa, IC
Seo, S
Lee, SY
Jeon, HS
Choi, H
Lee, M
Glynne, RJ
Barnes, SW
Walker, JR
Batalov, S
Yusim, K
Feng, SH
Tung, CS
Theiler, J
Via, LE
Boshoff, HIM
Murakami, KS
Korber, B
Barry, CE
Cho, SN
AF Song, Taeksun
Park, Yumi
Shamputa, Isdore Chola
Seo, Sunghwa
Lee, Sun Young
Jeon, Han-Seung
Choi, Hongjo
Lee, Myungsun
Glynne, Richard J.
Barnes, S. Whitney
Walker, John R.
Batalov, Serge
Yusim, Karina
Feng, Shihai
Tung, Chang-Shung
Theiler, James
Via, Laura E.
Boshoff, Helena I. M.
Murakami, Katsuhiko S.
Korber, Bette
Barry, Clifton E., III
Cho, Sang-Nae
TI Fitness costs of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are
amplified under conditions of nutrient starvation and compensated by
mutation in the beta ' subunit of RNA polymerase
SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION;
GENE-EXPRESSION; SOUTH-AFRICA; EVOLUTION; PPGPP; ADAPTATION; MECHANISMS;
VIRULENCE
AB Rifampicin resistance, a defining attribute of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, is conferred by mutations in the subunit of RNA polymerase. Sequencing of rifampicin-resistant (RIF-R) clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed, in addition to RIF-R mutations, enrichment of potential compensatory mutations around the double-psi -barrel domain of the subunit comprising the catalytic site and the exit tunnel for newly synthesized RNA. Sequential introduction of the resistance allele followed by the compensatory allele in isogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis showed that these mutations respectively caused and compensated a starvation enhanced growth defect by altering RNA polymerase activity. While specific combinations of resistance and compensatory alleles converged in divergent lineages, other combinations recurred among related isolates suggesting transmission of compensated RIF-R strains. These findings suggest nutrient poor growth conditions impose larger selective pressure on RIF-R organisms that results in the selection of compensatory mutations in a domain involved in catalysis and starvation control of RNA polymerase transcription.
C1 [Song, Taeksun; Park, Yumi; Seo, Sunghwa; Lee, Sun Young; Jeon, Han-Seung; Choi, Hongjo; Lee, Myungsun; Barry, Clifton E., III; Cho, Sang-Nae] Int TB Res Ctr, Chang Won, South Korea.
[Shamputa, Isdore Chola; Via, Laura E.; Boshoff, Helena I. M.; Barry, Clifton E., III] NIAID, TB Res Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Glynne, Richard J.; Barnes, S. Whitney; Walker, John R.; Batalov, Serge] Novartis Res Fdn, Genom Inst, San Diego, CA USA.
[Yusim, Karina; Feng, Shihai; Tung, Chang-Shung; Theiler, James; Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Murakami, Katsuhiko S.] Penn State Univ, Ctr RNA Mol Biol, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Cho, Sang-Nae] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Seoul, South Korea.
[Cho, Sang-Nae] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Inst Immunol & Immunol Dis, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Barry, CE (reprint author), Int TB Res Ctr, Chang Won, South Korea.
EM cbarry@niaid.nih.gov; raycho@yonsei.kr
RI Barry, III, Clifton/H-3839-2012
OI Via, Laura/0000-0001-6074-9521;
FU NIAID, NIH; Korean Centers for Disease Control of the Korean Ministry of
Health and Welfare; NIH [GM087350-A1]
FX This work was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of
the NIAID, NIH, (in part) by continuous support from the Korean Centers
for Disease Control of the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare to the
International Tuberculosis Research Center, and (in part) by NIH Grant
GM087350-A1 (K. S. M.). We would like to thank the subjects who enrolled
in this research study for their active participation and donation of
specimens (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00341601) and the clinical
staff who supported that trial. The authors of this study declare that
they have no conflicts of interest with respect to any aspect of this
research.
NR 47
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0950-382X
EI 1365-2958
J9 MOL MICROBIOL
JI Mol. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 91
IS 6
BP 1106
EP 1119
DI 10.1111/mmi.12520
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA AD7LV
UT WOS:000333446300006
PM 24417450
ER
PT J
AU Poskas, P
Narkuniene, A
Grigaliuniene, D
Finsterle, S
AF Poskas, Povilas
Narkuniene, Asta
Grigaliuniene, Dalia
Finsterle, Stefan
TI COMPARISON OF RADIONUCLIDE RELEASES FROM A CONCEPTUAL GEOLOGICAL
REPOSITORY FOR RBMK-1500 AND BWR SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE geological repository; RBMK and BWR reactor spent nuclear fuel;
radionuclide migration
AB Approximately 22 600 spent nuclear fuel (SNF) assemblies originating from the RBMK-1500 reactor of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania need to be managed and disposed of safely. Generic investigations of RBMK-1500 SNF disposal options in Lithuania were initiated. This paper presents insights on RBMK-1500 SNF disposal in crystalline rocks gained during participation in the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project "The Use of Numerical Models in Support of Site Characterization and Performance Assessment Studies for Geological Repositories," as well as in the Lithuanian Science Development Program. The research was focused on the analysis of disposal behavior of different SNF types under generic geological conditions and for a one-canister defect scenario with two different corrosion rates. A comparison of peak fluxes from the near field for Lithuanian RBMK-1500 and Swedish boiling water reactor SNF revealed differences that are not directly proportional to the differences in SNF inventory.
C1 [Poskas, Povilas; Narkuniene, Asta; Grigaliuniene, Dalia] Lithuanian Energy Inst, Nucl Engn Lab, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania.
[Finsterle, Stefan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Poskas, P (reprint author), Lithuanian Energy Inst, Nucl Engn Lab, 3 Breslaujos Str, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania.
EM poskas@mail.lei.lt
RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906
FU IAEA Coordinated Research Project [13370/RBF]; Lithuanian Science
Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work has partly been funded by the IAEA Coordinated Research
Project (13370/RBF) and the Lithuanian Science Development Program. The
last coauthor was supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
EI 1943-7471
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 3
BP 322
EP 335
PG 14
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE1LF
UT WOS:000333730100008
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, SW
Song, YT
Wang, ZW
Ji, X
Daly, E
Kalish, M
Lu, S
Du, SS
Liu, XF
Feng, CL
Yang, H
Wang, SK
AF Zhang Shanwen
Song Yuntao
Wang Zhongwei
Ji Xiang
Daly, E.
Kalish, M.
Lu Su
Du Shuangsong
Liu Xufeng
Feng Changle
Yang Hong
Wang Songke
TI Design of Tokamak ELM Coil Support in High Nuclear Heat Environment
SO PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE tokomak; ELM coil; rigid support; flexible support; high nuclear heat
AB In Tokomak, the support of the ELM coil, which is close to the plasma and subject to high radiation level, high temperature and high magnetic field, is used to transport and bear the thermal load due to thermal expansion and the alternating electromagnetic force generated by high magnetic field and AC current in the coil. According to the feature of ITER ELM coil, the mechanical performance of rigid and flexible supports under different high nuclear heat levels is studied. Results show that flexible supports have more excellent performance in high nuclear heat condition than rigid supports. Concerning thermal and electromagnetic (EM) loads, optimized results further prove that flexible supports have better mechanical performance than rigid ones. Through these studies, reasonable support design can be provided for the ELM coils or similar coils in Tokamak based on the nuclear heat level.
C1 [Zhang Shanwen; Song Yuntao; Wang Zhongwei; Ji Xiang; Lu Su; Du Shuangsong; Liu Xufeng; Feng Changle; Yang Hong; Wang Songke] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 200031, Peoples R China.
[Daly, E.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Kalish, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Zhang, SW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 200031, Peoples R China.
EM zhangsw@ipp.ac.cn
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1009-0630
J9 PLASMA SCI TECHNOL
JI Plasma Sci. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 3
BP 300
EP 304
DI 10.1088/1009-0630/16/3/23
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AE1RO
UT WOS:000333747400022
ER
PT J
AU Olsson, RH
Hattar, K
Homeijer, SJ
Wiwi, M
Eichenfield, M
Branch, DW
Baker, MS
Nguyen, J
Clark, B
Bauer, T
Friedmann, TA
AF Olsson, Roy H., III
Hattar, Khalid
Homeijer, Sara J.
Wiwi, Michael
Eichenfield, Matthew
Branch, Darren W.
Baker, Michael S.
Nguyen, Janet
Clark, Blythe
Bauer, Todd
Friedmann, Thomas A.
TI A high electromechanical coupling coefficient SHO Lamb wave lithium
niobate micromechanical resonator and a method for fabrication
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Contour mode resonator; Coupling coefficient; Lamb wave resonator;
Lithium niobate; Microresonator
ID SILICON RESONATORS; THIN; TECHNOLOGIES; FILTERS
AB We present a high coupling coefficient, k(eff)(2), micromechanical resonator based on the propagation of SHO Lamb waves in thin, suspended plates of single crystal X-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO3). The thin plates are fabricated using ion implantation of He to create a damaged layer of LiNbO3 below the wafer surface. This damaged layer is selectively wet etched in a hydrofluoric (HF) acid based chemistry to form thin, suspended plates of LiNbO3 without the wafer bonding, layer fracturing and chemical mechanical polishing in previously reported LiNbO3 microfabrication approaches. The highest coupling coefficient is found for resonators with acoustic propagation rotated 170 degrees from the y-axis, where a fundamental mode SHO Lamb wave resonator with a plate width of 20 mu m and a corresponding resonant frequency of 101 MHz achieves a k(eff)(2) of 12.4%, a quality factor of 1300 and a resonator figure of merit (M) of 185. The k(eff)(2). and M are among the highest reported for micromechanical resonators. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Olsson, Roy H., III; Eichenfield, Matthew; Baker, Michael S.; Nguyen, Janet] Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Hattar, Khalid; Clark, Blythe] Sandia Natl Labs, Radiat Solid Interact Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Homeijer, Sara J.; Wiwi, Michael; Bauer, Todd; Friedmann, Thomas A.] Sandia Natl Labs, MESAFAB Operat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Branch, Darren W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Olsson, RH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MEMS Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM rholsso@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0924-4247
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS
JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 209
BP 183
EP 190
DI 10.1016/j.sna.2014.01.033
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AE2DK
UT WOS:000333783300025
ER
PT J
AU LePoire, DJ
AF LePoire, David J.
TI Review of Potential Characterization Techniques in Approaching Energy
and Sustainability
SO SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE energy efficiency; integrated economic indices; research and
development; environmental impacts; foresight techniques
ID SCIENCE
AB Societal prosperity is linked to sustainable energy and a healthy environment. However, tough global challenges include increased demand for fossil fuels, while approaching peak oil production and uncertainty in the environmental impacts of energy generation. Recently, energy use was identified as a major component of economic productivity, along with capital and labor. Other environmental resources and impacts may be nearing environmental thresholds, as indicated by nine planetary environmental boundaries, many of which are linked to energy production and use. Foresight techniques could be applied to guide future actions which include emphasis on (1) energy efficiency to bridge the transition to a renewable energy economy; (2) continued research, development, and assessment of new technologies; (3) improved understanding of environment impacts including natural capital use and degradation; (4) exploration of GDP alternative measures that include both economic production and environmental impacts; and (5) international cooperation and awareness of longer-term opportunities and their associated potential scenarios. Examples from the U.S. and the international community illustrate challenges and potential.
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP LePoire, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM dlepoire@anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH171357]
FX Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH171357. The views expressed are those of the author and do
not reflect the official policy or position of Argonne,
UChicago-Argonne, the University of Chicago, or DOE.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 20
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2071-1050
J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL
JI Sustainability
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 3
BP 1489
EP 1503
DI 10.3390/su6031489
PG 15
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences;
Environmental Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE0SC
UT WOS:000333675500020
ER
PT J
AU Satchwell, A
Hledik, R
AF Satchwell, Andrew
Hledik, Ryan
TI Analytical frameworks to incorporate demand response in long-term
resource planning
SO UTILITIES POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Utility planning; Demand response; Integrated resource planning
AB Many utilities are obligated by state regulatory or legislative requirements to consider demand response (DR) as part of their resource planning process. There are several ways to incorporate DR into resource planning modeling and each has its advantages and disadvantages. We explore the current analytical frameworks for incorporating DR into long-term resource planning. We also consider whether current approaches accurately and realistically model DR resources in capacity expansion and production cost models and whether barriers exist to incorporating DR into resource planning models in a more robust fashion. We identify 10 specific recommendations for enhancing and expanding the current approaches. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Satchwell, Andrew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hledik, Ryan] Brattle Grp, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
RP Satchwell, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ASatchwell@lbl.gov; Ryan.Hledik@Brattle.com
FU National Electricity Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of
Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE)
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The work described in this report was funded by the National Electricity
Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Larry Mansueti (DOE
OE) for his support of this project. The authors would also like to
thank Galen Barbose, Peter Cappers, Emily Fisher and Charles Goldman of
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Ahmad Faruqui, Frank Graves,
and Kathleen Spees of The Brattle Group, for their thoughtful comments
on earlier drafts.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0957-1787
EI 1878-4356
J9 UTIL POLICY
JI Util. Policy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 28
BP 73
EP 81
DI 10.1016/j.jup.2013.12.003
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2DI
UT WOS:000333783100008
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, DH
Borwein, J
AF Bailey, David H.
Borwein, Jonathan
TI Pi Day Is Upon Us Again and We Still Do Not Know if Pi Is Normal
SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATION; CONSTANTS; NUMBERS
AB The digits of pi have intrigued both the public and research mathematicians from the beginning of time. This article briefly reviews the history of this venerable constant, and then describes some recent research on the question of whether pi is normal, or, in other words,. whether its digits are statistically random in a specific sense.
C1 [Bailey, David H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Borwein, Jonathan] Univ Newcastle, Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math & Its Applicat CARMA, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM DHBailey@lbl.gov; jonathan.borwein@newcastle.edu.au
FU Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of
Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX David H. Bailey was supported in part by the Director, Office of
Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical,
Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of
Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-9890
EI 1930-0972
J9 AM MATH MON
JI Am. Math. Mon.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 121
IS 3
BP 191
EP 206
DI 10.4169/amer.math.monthly.121.03.191
PG 16
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA AD0KD
UT WOS:000332922000001
ER
PT J
AU Medin, Z
Cumming, A
AF Medin, Zach
Cumming, Andrew
TI A SIGNATURE OF CHEMICAL SEPARATION IN THE COOLING LIGHT CURVES OF
TRANSIENTLY ACCRETING NEUTRON STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE dense matter; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general
ID CRUST; CHALLENGE; EVOLUTION; RELEASE; ENERGY; MODELS; OCEANS; STATE;
PHASE
AB We show that convection driven by chemical separation can significantly affect the cooling light curves of accreting neutron stars after they go into quiescence. We calculate the thermal relaxation of the neutron star ocean and crust including the thermal and compositional fluxes due to convection. After the inward propagating cooling wave reaches the base of the neutron star ocean, the ocean begins to freeze, driving chemical separation. The resulting convection transports heat inward, giving much faster cooling of the surface layers than found assuming the ocean cools passively. The light curves including convection show a rapid drop in temperature weeks after outburst. Identifying this signature in observed cooling curves would constrain the temperature and composition of the ocean as well as offer a real time probe of the freezing of a classical multicomponent plasma.
C1 [Medin, Zach] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Cumming, Andrew] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
RP Medin, Z (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM zmedin@lanl.gov; cumming@physics.mcgill.ca
FU NSERC; LANL Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos
National Laboratory; [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We thank Chuck Horowitz, Nathalie Degenaar, and Chris Fontes for useful
discussions. A. C. is supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant and is an
associate member of the CIFAR Cosmology and Gravity program. We are
grateful for the support of an International Team on Neutron Star Crusts
by ISSI in Bern. Z.M. was supported by a LANL Director's Postdoctoral
Fellowship. This research was carried out in part under the auspices of
the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory and supported by Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
EI 2041-8213
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 783
IS 1
AR L3
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/783/1/L3
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AC4UB
UT WOS:000332515500003
ER
PT J
AU Paul, KB
Hedge, JM
Rotroff, DM
Hornung, MW
Crofton, KM
Simmons, SO
AF Paul, Katie B.
Hedge, Joan M.
Rotroff, Daniel M.
Hornung, Michael W.
Crofton, Kevin M.
Simmons, Steven O.
TI Development of a Thyroperoxidase Inhibition Assay for High-Throughput
Screening
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HORMONE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; THYROID PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO;
MATERNAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT;
EARLY-PREGNANCY; IODINE SUPPLEMENTATION; SOY ISOFLAVONES;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; MECHANISM
AB High-throughput screening (HTPS) assays to detect inhibitors of thyroperoxidase (TPO), the enzymatic catalyst for thyroid hormone (TH) synthesis, are not currently available. Herein, we describe the development of a HTPS TPO inhibition assay. Rat thyroid microsomes and a fluorescent peroxidase substrate, Amplex UltraRed (AUR), were employed in an end-point assay for comparison to the existing kinetic guaiacol (GUA) oxidation assay. Following optimization of assay metrics, including Z', dynamic range, and activity, using methimazole (MMI), the assay was tested with a 21-chemical training set. The potency of MMI-induced TPO inhibition was greater with AUR compared to GUA. The dynamic range and Z' score with MMI were as follows: 127-fold and 0.62 for the GUA assay, 18-fold and 0.86 for the 96-well AUR assay, and 11.5-fold and 0.93 for the 384-well AUR assay. The 384-well AUR assay drastically reduced animal use, requiring one-tenth of the rat thyroid microsomal protein needed for the GUA 96-well format assay. Fourteen chemicals inhibited TPO, with a relative potency ranking of MMI > ethylene thiourea > 6-propylthiouracil > 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxy-benzophenone > 2-mercaptobenzothiazole > 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole > genistein > 4-propoxyphenol > sulfamethazine > daidzein > 4-nonylphenol > triclosan > iopanoic acid > resorcinol. These data demonstrate the capacity of this assay to detect diverse TPO inhibitors. Seven chemicals acted as negatives: 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, dibutylphthalate, diethylhexylphthalate, diethylphthalate, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-1-methanol, methyl 2-methyl-benzoate, and sodium perchlorate. This assay could be used to screen large numbers of chemicals as an integral component of a tiered TH-disruptor screening approach.
C1 [Paul, Katie B.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Paul, Katie B.; Hedge, Joan M.; Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Hornung, Michael W.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Rotroff, Daniel M.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Simmons, SO (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM simmons.steve@epa.gov
RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015;
OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069
FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency
FX K.B.P. was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
Postdoctoral Fellowship during this work. The information in this
document was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
It was subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental
Effects Research Laboratory and was approved for publication. Approval
does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor
does mention of trade names of commercial products constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 76
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0893-228X
EI 1520-5010
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 3
SI SI
BP 387
EP 399
DI 10.1021/tx400310w
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA AD3MH
UT WOS:000333142700008
PM 24383450
ER
PT J
AU Ilsche, T
Schuchart, J
Cope, J
Kimpe, D
Jones, T
Knupfer, A
Iskra, K
Ross, R
Nagel, WE
Poole, S
AF Ilsche, Thomas
Schuchart, Joseph
Cope, Jason
Kimpe, Dries
Jones, Terry
Knuepfer, Andreas
Iskra, Kamil
Ross, Robert
Nagel, Wolfgang E.
Poole, Stephen
TI Optimizing I/O forwarding techniques for extreme-scale event tracing
SO CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND
APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Event tracing; I/O forwarding; Atomic append
ID PERFORMANCE
AB Programming development tools are a vital component for understanding the behavior of parallel applications. Event tracing is a principal ingredient to these tools, but new and serious challenges place event tracing at risk on extreme-scale machines. As the quantity of captured events increases with concurrency, the additional data can overload the parallel file system and perturb the application being observed. In this work we present a solution for event tracing on extreme-scale machines. We enhance an I/O forwarding software layer to aggregate and reorganize log data prior to writing to the storage system, significantly reducing the burden on the underlying file system. Furthermore, we introduce a sophisticated write buffering capability to limit the impact. To validate the approach, we employ the Vampir tracing toolset using these new capabilities. Our results demonstrate that the approach increases the maximum traced application size by a factor of 5x to more than 200,000 processes.
C1 [Ilsche, Thomas; Knuepfer, Andreas; Nagel, Wolfgang E.] Tech Univ Dresden ZIH, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Cope, Jason; Kimpe, Dries; Iskra, Kamil; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Schuchart, Joseph; Jones, Terry; Poole, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ilsche, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden ZIH, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
EM thomas.ilsche@tu-dresden.de; schuchartj@ornl.gov; copej@mcs.anl.gov;
dkimpe@mcs.anl.gov; trj@ornl.gov; andreas.knuepfer@tu-dresden.de;
iskra@mcs.anl.gov; rross@mcs.anl.gov; wolfgang.nagel@tu-dresden.de;
spoole@ornl.gov
OI Jones, Terry/0000-0003-2187-9707
FU DOE Office of Science; National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA);
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357,
DE-AC05-00OR22725]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF-0937928,
NSF-0724599]; German Research Foundation (DFG) in the Collaborative
Research Center 912 "Highly Adaptive Energy-Efficient Computing"; ORNL;
UT-Battelle
FX We thank Ramanan Sankaran (ORNL) for providing a working version of S3D
as well as a benchmark problem set for JaguarPF. We are grateful to
Matthias Jurenz for his assistance on VampirTrace as well as Matthias
Weber and Ronald Geisler for their support for Vampir. The IOFSL project
is supported by the DOE Office of Science and National Nuclear Security
Administration (NNSA). This research used resources of the Argonne
Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory and the Oak
Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
which are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy under contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC05-00OR22725,
respectively. This work was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) through NSF-0937928 and NSF-0724599. This work is
supported in a part by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in the
Collaborative Research Center 912 "Highly Adaptive Energy-Efficient
Computing".; The general enhancement of the VampirTrace and Vampir tools
at TU Dresden for full-size runs on large-scale HPC systems is supported
with funding and cooperation by ORNL and UT-Battelle.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1386-7857
EI 1573-7543
J9 CLUSTER COMPUT
JI Cluster Comput.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 1
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1007/s10586-013-0272-9
PG 18
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA AD3BE
UT WOS:000333111000001
ER
PT J
AU Wang, GC
Carr, TR
Ju, YW
Li, CF
AF Wang, Guochang
Carr, Timothy R.
Ju, Yiwen
Li, Chaofeng
TI Identifying organic-rich Marcellus Shale lithofacies by support vector
machine classifier in the Appalachian basin
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Shale lithofacies; Support vector machine; Classification; Marcellus
Shale
ID MISSISSIPPIAN BARNETT SHALE; FORT-WORTH BASIN; NEURAL-NETWORK;
PREDICTION; IDENTIFICATION; FACIES; TEXAS; LOGS; WELL
AB Unconventional shale reservoirs as the result of extremely low matrix permeability, higher potential gas productivity requires not only sufficient gas-in-place, but also a high concentration of brittle minerals (silica and/or carbonate) that is amenable to hydraulic fracturing. Shale lithofacies is primarily defined by mineral composition and organic matter richness, and its representation as a 3-D model has advantages in recognizing productive zones of shale-gas reservoirs, designing horizontal wells and stimulation strategy, and aiding in understanding depositional process of organic-rich shale. A challenging and key step is to effectively recognize shale lithofacies from well conventional logs, where the relationship is very complex and nonlinear. In the recognition of shale lithofacies, the application of support vector machine (SVM), which underlies statistical learning theory and structural risk minimization principle, is superior to the traditional empirical risk minimization principle employed by artificial neural network (ANN). We propose SVM classifier combined with learning algorithms, such as grid searching, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization, and various kernel functions the approach to identify Marcellus Shale lithofacies. Compared with ANN classifiers, the experimental results of SVM classifiers showed higher cross-validation accuracy, better stability and less computational time cost. The SVM classifier with radius basis function as kernel worked best as it is trained by particle swarm optimization. The lithofacies predicted using the SVM classifier are used to build a 3-D Marcellus Shale lithofacies model, which assists in identifying higher productive zones, especially with thermal maturity and natural fractures. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Guochang; Ju, Yiwen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Earth Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Carr, Timothy R.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Carr, Timothy R.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Li, Chaofeng] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Internet Things Engn, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, GC (reprint author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Earth Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
EM w.guochang@gmail.com
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's Regional University Alliance
(NETL-RUA); RES [DE-FE0004000]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [698796867]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M520432]
FX This research was supported as part of the National Energy Technology
Laboratory's Regional University Alliance (NETL-RUA), a collaborative
initiative of the NETL, this technical effort was performed under the
RES contract DE-FE0004000, and National Natural Science Foundation of
China (No. 698796867). The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.
2012M520432) also funded this research. Special thanks to Energy
Corporation of America, Consol Energy, EQT Production and Petroleum
Develop Corporation for providing core and log data.
NR 38
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 24
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 64
BP 52
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.12.002
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AD4PJ
UT WOS:000333232700007
ER
PT J
AU Fan, YY
Siriwardane, R
AF Fan, Yueying
Siriwardane, Ranjani
TI Novel New Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion of Solid Fuels
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUIDIZED-BED; SYNTHESIS GAS; METAL-OXIDE; REACTOR; COAL; MN; FERRITE;
SYSTEM
AB Several bimetallic oxygen carriers, MFe2O4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) and MnFeO3, prepared by the precipitation method in a microwave and the direct decomposition method, were tested for potential use in the application of chemical looping combustion (CLC) of solid fuels. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study their reduction rate, oxidation rate, and cyclic reduction/oxidation properties. Comparative experimental data of novel bimetallic ferrites and pure Fe2O3 and CuO showed that all bimetallic ferrites had better reduction rates than pure Fe2O3. The Group 2 metal ferrites had better reduction and oxidation rates than transition-metal ferrites. BaFe2O4 was the highest performing among all bimetallic ferrites during both reduction and oxidation reactions. The reduction rate of BaFe2O4 is comparable to that of CuO at higher reaction temperatures (>900 degrees C). A 10 wt % loading of an inert support on the surface of the bimetallic oxygen carriers significantly decreased the particle agglomeration during the cyclic tests, which contributed to a better cyclic reaction performance.
C1 [Fan, Yueying; Siriwardane, Ranjani] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Fan, Yueying] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
RP Siriwardane, R (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd,POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM yueying.fan@contr.netl.doe.gov
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory under the Research and Engineering
Services (RES) [DE-FE0004000]
FX This work was performed in support of the National Energy Technology
Laboratory's ongoing research under the Research and Engineering
Services (RES) Contract DE-FE0004000. The authors also greatly
appreciate Dr. Yun Chen from West Virginia University (WVU) and James A.
Poston from the National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE), for help with scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
measurements.
NR 21
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
EI 1520-5029
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 3
BP 2248
EP 2257
DI 10.1021/ef402528g
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AD6OR
UT WOS:000333381200073
ER
PT J
AU Guildenbecher, DR
Engvall, L
Gao, J
Grasser, TW
Reu, PL
Chen, J
AF Guildenbecher, Daniel R.
Engvall, Luke
Gao, Jian
Grasser, Thomas W.
Reu, Phillip L.
Chen, Jun
TI Digital in-line holography to quantify secondary droplets from the
impact of a single drop on a thin film
SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE MEASUREMENT; DYNAMICS; BUBBLES; SURFACE
AB Digital in-line holography (DIH) is an optical technique which measures particle sizes and their three-dimensional (3D) positions and velocities. Here DIH and a recently proposed hybrid method of particle detection are applied to quantify the secondary droplets generated by the impact of a single drop on a thin film. By leveraging the expected symmetry between in-plane and out-of-plane velocities, experimental depth uncertainty is measured to be approximately 0.7 of the mean droplet diameter. Furthermore, comparison with previous measurements using alternative techniques shows good agreement with the measured temporal evolution of drop number, size, and velocity components. Finally, the power of DIH to extract the complex 3D morphology of the protruding jets is demonstrated.
C1 [Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Engvall, Luke; Grasser, Thomas W.; Reu, Phillip L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Gao, Jian; Chen, Jun] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Guildenbecher, DR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM drguild@sandia.gov
RI Gao, Jian/Q-6457-2016
OI Gao, Jian/0000-0003-3744-453X
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors would like to thank Bion Shelden for assistance with the
initial setup and Alexander L. Brown for a thorough review of the
manuscript. Both are from Sandia National Laboratories, which is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0723-4864
EI 1432-1114
J9 EXP FLUIDS
JI Exp. Fluids
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 55
IS 3
AR 1670
DI 10.1007/s00348-014-1670-3
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA AD4FP
UT WOS:000333203600001
ER
PT J
AU Kastengren, A
Powell, CF
AF Kastengren, Alan
Powell, Christopher F.
TI Synchrotron X-ray techniques for fluid dynamics
SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS
LA English
DT Review
ID DIESEL SPRAY; FUEL SPRAYS; DEEP POOL; FLUORESCENCE; RADIOGRAPHY; FLOW;
SCATTERING; RESOLUTION; VELOCIMETRY; EVOLUTION
AB X-ray diagnostics have the potential for making quantitative measurements in many flowfields where optical diagnostics are challenging, especially multiphase flows. In the past, many such measurements have been taken with laboratory-scale X-ray sources. This review describes the measurements that are possible with synchrotron X-ray sources, which can provide high-flux, tunable, monochromatic X-ray beams that cannot be created with laboratory sources. The relevant properties of X-rays and their interactions with matter are described. The types and capabilities of various X-ray optics and sources are discussed. Finally, four major X-ray diagnostics are described in detail. X-ray radiography provides quantitative measurements of density in variable-density flows. X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to visualize multiphase flows with high spatial and temporal resolution. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy shows significant promise to study mixing in single-phase and multiphase flows. Small-angle X-ray scattering is a powerful technique to examine small-scale particles in flows.
C1 [Kastengren, Alan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Powell, Christopher F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kastengren, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM akastengren@anl.gov
FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US DOE Vehicle Technologies Office and its Advanced
Combustion Engine program
FX This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy
Sciences, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, as
well as the US DOE Vehicle Technologies Office and its Advanced
Combustion Engine program.
NR 69
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0723-4864
EI 1432-1114
J9 EXP FLUIDS
JI Exp. Fluids
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 55
IS 3
AR 1686
DI 10.1007/s00348-014-1686-8
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA AD4FP
UT WOS:000333203600006
ER
PT J
AU Kreuzer, HW
Hill, EA
Moran, JJ
Bartholomew, RA
Yang, H
Hegg, EL
AF Kreuzer, Helen W.
Hill, Eric. A.
Moran, James J.
Bartholomew, Rachel A.
Yang, Hui
Hegg, Eric L.
TI Contributions of the [ NiFe]-and [ FeFe]-hydrogenase to H2 production in
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 as revealed by isotope ratio analysis of
evolved H-2
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE stable isotope; bacteria; metabolism; anaerobic; enzyme; metabolic
pathway
ID FRACTIONATION FACTOR; PUTREFACIENS MR-1; REDUCTION; HYDROGENASES;
CARBON; IRON(III); SEQUENCE; METHANE
AB Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 encodes both a [NiFe]- and an [FeFe]-hydrogenase. While the output of these proteins has been characterized in mutant strains expressing only one of the enzymes, the contribution of each to H-2 synthesis in the wild-type organism is not clear. Here, we use stable isotope analysis of H-2 in the culture headspace, along with transcription data and measurements of the concentrations of gases in the headspace, to characterize H-2 production in the wild-type strain. After most of the O-2 in the headspace had been consumed, H-2 was produced and then consumed by the bidirectional [NiFe]-hydrogenase. Once the cultures were completely anaerobic, a new burst of H-2 synthesis catalyzed by both enzymes took place. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that at this point in the culture cycle, a pool of electrons is shunted toward both hydrogenases in the wild-type organisms, but that in the absence of one of the hydrogenases, the flux is redirected to the available enzyme. To our knowledge, this is the first use of natural-abundance stable isotope analysis of a metabolic product to elucidate substrate flux through two alternative enzymes in the same cellular system.
C1 [Kreuzer, Helen W.; Hill, Eric. A.; Moran, James J.; Bartholomew, Rachel A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Yang, Hui; Hegg, Eric L.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Kreuzer, HW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM helen.kreuzer@pnnl.gov
OI Moran, James/0000-0001-9081-9017
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental
Research (BER), as part of BER's Genomic Science Program (GSP)
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), as part of BER's Genomic
Science Program (GSP). We thank Samantha Reed for her generous gift of
the S. oneidensis strains used in these studies, and we thank Li Zhang
for technical assistance.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0378-1097
EI 1574-6968
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT
JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 352
IS 1
BP 18
EP 24
DI 10.1111/1574-6968.12361
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AC2PO
UT WOS:000332345400003
PM 24372594
ER
PT J
AU Baughman, AK
Chuang, W
Dixon, KR
Benz, Z
Basilico, J
AF Baughman, Aaron K.
Chuang, Wesley
Dixon, Kevin R.
Benz, Zachary
Basilico, Justin
TI DeepQA Jeopardy! Gamification: A Machine-Learning Perspective
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND AI IN GAMES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamification; machine learning; natural language processing (NLP);
pattern recognition
AB DeepQA is a large-scale natural language processing (NLP) question-and-answer system that responds across a breadth of structured and unstructured data, from hundreds of analytics that are combined with over 50 models, trained through machine learning. After the 2011 historic milestone of defeating the two best human players in the Jeopardy! game show, the technology behind IBM Watson, DeepQA, is undergoing gamification into real-world business problems. Gamifying a business domain for Watson is a composite of functional, content, and training adaptation for nongame play. During domain gamification for medical, financial, government, or any other business, each system change affects the machine-learning process. As opposed to the original Watson Jeopardy!, whose class distribution of positive-to-negative labels is 1:100, in adaptation the computed training instances, question-and-answer pairs transformed into true-false labels, result in a very low positive-to-negative ratio of 1:100 000. Such initial extreme class imbalance during domain gamification poses a big challenge for the Watson machine-learning pipelines. The combination of ingested corpus sets, question-and-answer pairs, configuration settings, and NLP algorithms contribute toward the challenging data state. We propose several data engineering techniques, such as answer key vetting and expansion, source ingestion, oversampling classes, and question set modifications to increase the computed true labels. In addition, algorithm engineering, such as an implementation of the Newton-Raphson logistic regression with a regularization term, relaxes the constraints of class imbalance during training adaptation. We conclude by empirically demonstrating that data and algorithm engineering are complementary and indispensable to overcome the challenges in this first Watson gamification for real-world business problems.
C1 [Baughman, Aaron K.] IBM Special Events, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA.
[Chuang, Wesley] IBM Res Grp, Chantilly, VA 22182 USA.
[Dixon, Kevin R.; Benz, Zachary] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Basilico, Justin] Netflix Inc, Los Gatos, CA 95032 USA.
RP Baughman, AK (reprint author), IBM Special Events, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA.
EM baaron@us.ibm.com; chuangwe@us.ibm.com; krdixon@sandia.gov;
zobenz@sandia.gov; jbasilico@netflix.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[E-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND Number:
2012-10343J.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 69
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1943-068X
EI 1943-0698
J9 IEEE T COMP INTEL AI
JI IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 1
BP 55
EP 66
DI 10.1109/TCIAIG.2013.2285651
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA AD3CL
UT WOS:000333115100005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XY
Yue, M
Muljadi, E
Gao, WZ
AF Wang, Xiaoyu
Yue, Meng
Muljadi, Eduard
Gao, Wenzhong
TI Probabilistic Approach for Power Capacity Specification of Wind Energy
Storage Systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Battery energy storage system (BESS); hybrid energy storage system
(HESS); nonparametric probability density estimation; supercapacitor;
wind power fluctuation
ID OPTIMIZATION; GENERATION
AB To accommodate the wind power fluctuations, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of a battery energy storage system (BESS) and a supercapacitor is evaluated in this paper. A probabilistic approach for economically determining the power capacity specification for the HESS is proposed. This method would allow the capacities of the BESS and the supercapacitor to be properly designed to optimize the characteristics of high energy density of the BESS and high power density of the supercapacitor. Results show that the supercapacitor within the HESS helps to process the high frequency fluctuations, which contributes to the extension of the BESS lifetime. In addition, the supercapacitor helps to address the peaks in wind power fluctuations without the severe penalty of round-trip losses associated with a BESS. The proposed approach has been simulated using real wind data from an existing wind power plant in Iowa.
C1 [Wang, Xiaoyu; Yue, Meng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Muljadi, Eduard] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Gao, Wenzhong] Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
RP Wang, XY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM xywang@bnl.gov; yuemeng@bnl.gov; Eduard.muljadi@nrel.gov;
wenzhong.gao@du.edu
NR 26
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-9994
EI 1939-9367
J9 IEEE T IND APPL
JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 1215
EP 1224
DI 10.1109/TIA.2013.2272753
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AD5OY
UT WOS:000333304000028
ER
PT J
AU Cabelli, D
AF Cabelli, Diane
TI Probing Superoxide Dismutases through Radiation Chemistry
SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE copper; manganese superoxide dismutase; pulse radiolysis; superoxide;
zinc superoxide dismutase
ID PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; ACTIVE-SITE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; CATALYTIC MECHANISM; PRODUCT INHIBITION;
MANGANESE; ZINC; COPPER; ARGININE
AB Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that likely evolved to remove superoxide (O-2(.-)) from cells. These enzymes span a range of three uniquely different protein structures and four different metals to enable a similar overall chemistry, the catalytic and accelerated conversion of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide dismutases have the attractive feature that the substrate (O-2(.-)) for the catalytic reaction is easily generated using radiation chemistry, allowing the ability to follow catalysis on a fast time scale under a wide variety of conditions. This review will show how the utility of radiation chemistry was realized and enabled mechanistic understanding immediately upon discovery of these enzymes. It will then highlight some applications of pulse radiolysis, carried out in this laboratory, that illustrate mechanistic details of the enzyme function for a variety of wild-type and mutant superoxide dismutases.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Cabelli, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM Cabelli@bnl.gov
FU US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences,
and Biosciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The author would like to recognize the seminal contributions of all of
her collaborators referenced here. The work at Brookhaven was supported
by the US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences under contracts No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 21
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0021-2148
EI 1869-5868
J9 ISR J CHEM
JI Isr. J. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 3
SI SI
BP 272
EP 278
DI 10.1002/ijch.201300120
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AD4DN
UT WOS:000333197200007
ER
PT J
AU Schneewind, O
Missiakas, D
AF Schneewind, Olaf
Missiakas, Dominique
TI Lipoteichoic Acids, Phosphate-Containing Polymers in the Envelope of
Gram-Positive Bacteria
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID WALL TEICHOIC-ACID; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS 168; ALANINE ESTER SUBSTITUTION;
STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS H; CELL-WALL; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE;
C-POLYSACCHARIDE; LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; DLT OPERON; HETEROPHILE ANTIGEN
AB Lipoteichoic acids (LTA) are polymers of alternating units of a polyhydroxy alkane, including glycerol and ribitol, and phosphoric acid, joined to form phosphodiester units that are found in the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria. Here we review four different types of LTA that can be distinguished on the basis of their chemical structure and describe recent advances in the biosynthesis pathway for type I LTA, D-alanylated polyglycerol-phosphate linked to di-glucosyl-diacylglycerol. The physiological functions of type I LTA are discussed in the context of inhibitors that block their synthesis and of mutants with discrete synthesis defects. Research on LTA structure and function represents a large frontier that has been investigated in only few Gram-positive bacteria.
C1 [Missiakas, Dominique] Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Missiakas, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
EM dmissiak@bsd.uchicago.edu
FU Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and
Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium (NIH) [1-U54-AI-057153]
FX Research on LTA synthesis and inhibition in the laboratories of O.S. and
D.M. is supported by the Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of
Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium
(NIH Award 1-U54-AI-057153).
NR 137
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
EI 1098-5530
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 196
IS 6
BP 1133
EP 1142
DI 10.1128/JB.01155-13
PG 10
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AC6JO
UT WOS:000332628700001
PM 24415723
ER
PT J
AU Tam, C
Demke, O
Hermanas, T
Mitchell, A
Hendrickx, APA
Schneewind, O
AF Tam, Christina
Demke, Owen
Hermanas, Timothy
Mitchell, Anthony
Hendrickx, Antoni P. A.
Schneewind, Olaf
TI YfbA, a Yersinia pestis Regulator Required for Colonization and Biofilm
Formation in the Gut of Cat Fleas
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EARLY-PHASE TRANSMISSION; PLAGUE-ENDEMIC REGION; CTENOCEPHALIDES-FELIS;
BORNE TRANSMISSION; DIGUANYLATE CYCLASE; IDENTIFICATION; VECTOR;
PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; PROTEINS
AB For transmission to new hosts, Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, replicates as biofilm in the foregut of fleas that feed on plague-infected animals or humans. Y. pestis biofilm formation has been studied in the rat flea; however, little is known about the cat flea, a species that may bridge zoonotic and anthroponotic plague cycles. Here, we show that Y. pestis infects and replicates as a biofilm in the foregut of cat fleas in a manner requiring hmsFR, two determinants for extracellular biofilm matrix. Examining a library of transposon insertion mutants, we identified the LysR-type transcriptional regulator YfbA, which is essential for Y. pestis colonization and biofilm formation in cat fleas.
C1 [Schneewind, Olaf] Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Schneewind, O (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Howard Taylor Ricketts Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
EM oschnee@bsd.uchicago.edu
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [U19
AI107792, RO1AI042797]; Region V Great Lakes Regional Center of
Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium
(NIH) [1-U54-AI-057153]
FX This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from
the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under
grant/contract no. U19 AI107792 and RO1AI042797. We acknowledge
membership of and support from the Region V Great Lakes Regional Center
of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Consortium
(NIH award 1-U54-AI-057153).
NR 62
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
EI 1098-5530
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 196
IS 6
BP 1165
EP 1173
DI 10.1128/JB.01187-13
PG 9
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AC6JO
UT WOS:000332628700004
PM 24391055
ER
PT J
AU Martin-Diaconescu, V
Serena, D
Gennari, M
Gerey, B
Duboc, C
Collomb, M
Tsui, E
Kanady, J
Agapie, T
Tran, R
Yano, J
Pecaut, J
AF Martin-Diaconescu, V.
Serena, D.
Gennari, M.
Gerey, B.
Duboc, C.
Collomb, M.
Tsui, E.
Kanady, J.
Agapie, T.
Tran, R.
Yano, J.
Pecaut, J.
TI Application of X-ray Absorption (XAS) and Emission (XES) Spectroscopies
to the Calcium Centers of PSII Oxygen Evolving Complex Structural
Analogs
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th International Conference on Biological Inorganic Chemistry (ICBIC)
CY JUL 22-26, 2013
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Int Organizing Comm, Natl Organizing Comm, SBIC, Veolia Environm, Arcane, Grenoble Innovat Adv New Technologies, LOREAL, Soc Chimique France, CEA, Life Sci Div, SHIMADZU, High Tech Mat, CEA, Div Matter Sci, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Univ Joseph Fourier, Springer, CNRS, Euriso Top, Int Union Crystallog, Dominique Dutscher, ROTH, Sci Comp & Modeling, Bruker
C1 [Martin-Diaconescu, V.; Serena, D.] Max Planck Inst Chem Energy Convers, Mulheim, Nrw, Germany.
[Gennari, M.; Gerey, B.; Duboc, C.; Collomb, M.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Dept Chim Mol, Grenoble, France.
[Tsui, E.; Kanady, J.; Agapie, T.] CALTECH, Dept Chem, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Tran, R.; Yano, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkley, KS USA.
[Pecaut, J.] Lab Reconnaissance Ion & Chim Coordinat, Grenoble, France.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-8257
EI 1432-1327
J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM
JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 19
SU 1
MA 1719403
BP S498
EP S498
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA AC9DU
UT WOS:000332835300436
ER
PT J
AU Shaw, W
AF Shaw, W.
TI Proton Channels for Hydrogenase Mimics
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th International Conference on Biological Inorganic Chemistry (ICBIC)
CY JUL 22-26, 2013
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Int Organizing Comm, Natl Organizing Comm, SBIC, Veolia Environm, Arcane, Grenoble Innovat Adv New Technologies, LOREAL, Soc Chimique France, CEA, Life Sci Div, SHIMADZU, High Tech Mat, CEA, Div Matter Sci, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Univ Joseph Fourier, Springer, CNRS, Euriso Top, Int Union Crystallog, Dominique Dutscher, ROTH, Sci Comp & Modeling, Bruker
C1 [Shaw, W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-8257
EI 1432-1327
J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM
JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 19
SU 1
MA 1735108
BP S574
EP S574
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA AC9DU
UT WOS:000332835300511
ER
PT J
AU Shaw, W
Reback, M
Ginovska-Pangovska, B
Roberts, J
Raugei, S
Jain, A
AF Shaw, W.
Reback, M.
Ginovska-Pangovska, B.
Roberts, J.
Raugei, S.
Jain, A.
TI Controlling Molecular Catalysts with a Peptide-Based Outer Coordination
Sphere
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 16th International Conference on Biological Inorganic Chemistry (ICBIC)
CY JUL 22-26, 2013
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Int Organizing Comm, Natl Organizing Comm, SBIC, Veolia Environm, Arcane, Grenoble Innovat Adv New Technologies, LOREAL, Soc Chimique France, CEA, Life Sci Div, SHIMADZU, High Tech Mat, CEA, Div Matter Sci, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Univ Joseph Fourier, Springer, CNRS, Euriso Top, Int Union Crystallog, Dominique Dutscher, ROTH, Sci Comp & Modeling, Bruker
C1 [Shaw, W.; Reback, M.; Ginovska-Pangovska, B.; Roberts, J.; Raugei, S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA.
[Jain, A.] Indiana Univ Penn, Indiana, PA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-8257
EI 1432-1327
J9 J BIOL INORG CHEM
JI J. Biol. Inorg. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 19
SU 1
MA 1711153
BP S158
EP S158
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA AC9DU
UT WOS:000332835300101
ER
PT J
AU Leang, SS
Rendell, AP
Gordon, MS
AF Leang, Sarom S.
Rendell, Alistair P.
Gordon, Mark S.
TI Quantum Chemical Calculations Using Accelerators: Migrating Matrix
Operations to the NVIDIA Kepler GPU and the Intel Xeon Phi
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAPHICAL PROCESSING UNITS; CHEMISTRY; SIMULATIONS
AB Increasingly, modern computer systems comprise a multicore general-purpose processor augmented with a number of special purpose devices or accelerators connected via an external interface such as a PCI bus. The NVIDIA Kepler Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) and the Intel Phi are two examples of such accelerators. Accelerators offer peak performances that can be well above those of the host processor. How to exploit this heterogeneous environment for legacy application codes is not, however, straightforward. This paper considers how matrix operations in typical quantum chemical calculations can be migrated to the GPU and Phi systems. Double precision general matrix multiply operations are endemic in electronic structure calculations, especially methods that include electron correlation, such as density functional theory, second order perturbation theory, and coupled cluster theory. The use of approaches that automatically determine whether to use the host or an accelerator, based on problem size, is explored, with computations that are occurring on the accelerator and/or the host. For data-transfers over PCI-e, the GPU provides the best overall performance for data sizes up to 4096 MB with consistent upload and download rates between 5-5.6 GB/s and 5.4-6.3 GB/s, respectively. The GPU outperforms the Phi for both square and nonsquare matrix multiplications.
C1 [Rendell, Alistair P.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Comp Sci, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Leang, Sarom S.; Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Leang, Sarom S.; Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Gordon, MS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM mark@si.msg.chem.iastate.edu
FU National Science Foundation; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
under AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0476]; National Science Foundation MRI award
FX This material is based upon work supported in part by a National Science
Foundation SI2 grant and in part by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research under AFOSR Award No. FA9550-12-1-0476. The
computations performed for this work were done on the Iowa State
University Cyence computer, provided by a National Science Foundation
MRI award.
NR 10
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 3
BP 908
EP 912
DI 10.1021/ct4010596
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AD0GW
UT WOS:000332913500003
PM 26580169
ER
PT J
AU Berardo, E
Hu, HS
Shevlin, SA
Woodley, SM
Kowalski, K
Zwijnenburg, MA
AF Berardo, Enrico
Hu, Han-Shi
Shevlin, Stephen A.
Woodley, Scott M.
Kowalski, Karol
Zwijnenburg, Martijn A.
TI Modeling Excited States in TiO2 Nanoparticles: On the Accuracy of a
TD-DFT Based Description
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID (TIO2)(N) CLUSTERS N=1-10; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE;
QUANTUM DOTS; ANATASE TIO2; BASIS-SETS; SIZE; WATER; OXIDE;
NANOSTRUCTURES
AB We have investigated the suitability of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) to describe vertical low-energy excitations in naked and hydrated titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Specifically, we compared TD-DFT results obtained using different exchange-correlation (XC) potentials with those calculated using Equation-of-Motion Coupled Cluster (EOM-CC) quantum chemistry methods. We demonstrate that TD-DFT calculations with commonly used XC potentials (e.g., B3LYP) and EOM-CC methods give qualitatively similar results for most TiO2 nanoparticles investigated. More importantly, however, we also show that, for a significant subset of structures, TD-DFT gives qualitatively different results depending upon the XC potential used and that only TD-CAM-B3LYP and TD-BHLYP calculations yield results that are consistent with those obtained using EOM-CC theory. Moreover, we demonstrate that the discrepancies for such structures originate from a particular Combination of defects that give rise to charge-transfer excitations, which are poorly described by XC potentials that do not contain sufficient Hartree-Fock like exchange. Finally, we consider that such defects are readily healed in the presence of ubiquitously present water and that, as a result, the description of vertical low-energy excitations for hydrated TiO2 nanoparticles is nonproblematic.
C1 [Berardo, Enrico; Shevlin, Stephen A.; Woodley, Scott M.; Zwijnenburg, Martijn A.] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Hu, Han-Shi; Kowalski, Karol] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Battelle, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zwijnenburg, MA (reprint author), UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
EM m.zwijnenburg@ucl.ac.uk
RI Berardo, Enrico/F-2180-2013; Shevlin, Stephen/G-9269-2011; Woodley,
Scott/B-6817-2012; Berardo, Enrico/D-1874-2017
OI Shevlin, Stephen/0000-0001-5896-0301; Woodley,
Scott/0000-0003-3418-9043; Berardo, Enrico/0000-0003-3979-2247
FU UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
[EP/I004424/1]; UCL Impact studentship; IRIDIS regional high-performance
computing service; e-Infrastructure South Centre for Innovation (EPSRC)
[EP/K000144/1, EP/K000136/1]; EPSRC [EP/F067496/1, EP/L000202/1];
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute
[DEAC06.76RLO-1830]
FX We kindly acknowledge Prof S. T. Bromley, Dr. M. Calatayud, Dr. A.
Kerridge, Prof A Shluger, Dr. A. A. Sokol, and Dr. C. Sousa for
stimulating discussions. M.A.Z. acluiowledges the UK Engineering and
Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for a Career Acceleration
Fellowship (Grant EP/I004424/1). This study has further been supported
by a UCL Impact studentship award to E.B. Computational time on the
computers of the Unity High Performance Computing Facility at University
College London, the IRIDIS regional high-performance computing service
provided by the e-Infrastructure South Centre for Innovation (EPSRC
Grants EP/K000144/1 and EP/K000136/1) and on HECToR, the U.K's national
high-performance computing service (via our membership in the UK's HPC
Materials Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC grants
EP/F067496/1 and EP/L000202/1), is gratefully acknowledged. A
significant portion of the research was also performed using PNNL
Institutional Computing at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and
EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle
Memorial Institute under Contract DEAC06.76RLO-1830.
NR 74
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 46
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 3
BP 1189
EP 1199
DI 10.1021/ct4010273
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AD0GW
UT WOS:000332913500028
ER
PT J
AU Senecal, PK
Pomraning, E
Richards, KJ
Som, S
AF Senecal, P. K.
Pomraning, E.
Richards, K. J.
Som, S.
TI Grid-Convergent Spray Models for Internal Combustion Engine
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
AB A state-of-the-art spray modeling methodology is presented. Key features of the methodology, such as adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), advanced liquid-gas momentum coupling, and improved distribution of the liquid phase, are described. The ability of this approach to use cell sizes much smaller than the nozzle diameter is demonstrated. Grid convergence of key parameters is verified for nonevaporating, evaporating, and reacting spray cases using cell sizes down to 1/32 mm. Grid settings are recommended that optimize the accuracy/runtime tradeoff for RANS-based spray simulations.
C1 [Senecal, P. K.; Pomraning, E.; Richards, K. J.] Convergent Sci Inc, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Som, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Senecal, PK (reprint author), Convergent Sci Inc, 6405 Century Ave,Suite 102, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM senecal@convergecfd.com
FU Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The submitted manuscript has been created in collaboration with UChicago
Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne).
Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is
operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government
retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up,
nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
Government.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0195-0738
J9 J ENERG RESOUR-ASME
JI J. Energy Resour. Technol.-Trans. ASME
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 1
AR 012204
DI 10.1115/1.4024861
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA AD2CW
UT WOS:000333041700015
ER
PT J
AU Joumaa, H
Ostoja-Starzewski, M
Demmie, P
AF Joumaa, Hady
Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin
Demmie, Paul
TI Elastodynamics in micropolar fractal solids
SO MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Elastodynamics; fractal solid; micropolar elasticity
ID MEDIA; EQUATIONS
AB This research explores elastodynamics and wave propagation in fractal micropolar solid media. Such media incorporate a fractal geometry while being modelled constitutively by the Cosserat elasticity. The formulation of the balance laws which govern the mechanics of fractal micropolar solid media is presented. Four eigenvalue-type elastodynamic problems admitting closed-form analytical solutions are introduced and discussed. A numerical procedure to solve general initial boundary value wave propagation problems in three-dimensional micropolar bodies exhibiting geometric fractality is then applied. Verification of the numerical procedure is discussed using the analytical solutions.
C1 [Joumaa, Hady; Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Demmie, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Joumaa, H (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, 1206 W Green St 244, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM hjoumaa2@illinois.edu
OI Ostoja-Starzewski, Martin/0000-0002-3493-363X
FU Sandia-DTRA [HDTRA1-08-10-BRCWMD]; NSF [CMMI-1030940]; U.S. Department
of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by Sandia-DTRA (grant number
HDTRA1-08-10-BRCWMD) and the NSF (grant number CMMI-1030940). Sandia
National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated
by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1081-2865
EI 1741-3028
J9 MATH MECH SOLIDS
JI Math. Mech. Solids
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 19
IS 2
BP 117
EP 134
DI 10.1177/1081286512454557
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications; Mechanics
SC Materials Science; Mathematics; Mechanics
GA AD4QR
UT WOS:000333236100001
ER
PT J
AU Brennecka, GA
Borg, LE
Wadhwa, M
AF Brennecka, G. A.
Borg, L. E.
Wadhwa, M.
TI Insights into the Martian mantle: The age and isotopics of the meteorite
fall Tissint
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIATION HISTORY; MARS; SYSTEMATICS; CHRONOLOGY; LAUNCH; EJECTA;
YOUNG
AB The recent witnessed fall of the meteorite Tissint represents the delivery of a pristine new sample from the surface of Mars. This meteorite provides an unprecedented opportunity to study a variety of aspects about the planet's evolution. Using the Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic systems, we determined that Tissint, a depleted shergottite, has a crystallization age of 574 +/- 20Ma, an initial epsilon Nd-143=+42.2 +/- 0.5, and an initial Sr-87/Sr-86=0.700760 +/- 11. These initial Nd and Sr isotopic compositions suggest that Tissint originated from a mantle source on Marsthat is distinct from the source reservoirs of the other Martian meteorites. The known crystallization ages, geochemical characteristics, ejection ages, and ejection dynamics of Tissint and other similarly grouped Martian meteorites suggest that they are likely derived from a source crater up to approximately 90km in diameter with an age of approximately 1Ma that is located on terrain that is approximately 600 million years old.
C1 [Brennecka, G. A.; Borg, L. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Wadhwa, M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 84550 USA.
RP Brennecka, GA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM brennecka2@llnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA Cosmochemistry grants [NNH08ZDA001N,
NNX11AK75G]
FX The authors would like to thank H. McSween and J. Bridges for helpful
reviews that improved the manuscript. This work was performed under the
auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under contract number DE-AC52-07NA27344. The portions of the
work performed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Arizona
State University were supported by NASA Cosmochemistry grants
NNH08ZDA001N (to LB) and NNX11AK75G (to MW), respectively.
NR 25
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 3
BP 412
EP 418
DI 10.1111/maps.12258
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AD4WJ
UT WOS:000333251800008
ER
PT J
AU Heck, PR
Stadermann, FJ
Isheim, D
Auciello, O
Daulton, TL
Davis, AM
Elam, JW
Floss, C
Hiller, J
Larson, DJ
Lewis, JB
Mane, A
Pellin, MJ
Savina, MR
Seidman, DN
Stephan, T
AF Heck, Philipp R.
Stadermann, Frank J.
Isheim, Dieter
Auciello, Orlando
Daulton, Tyrone L.
Davis, Andrew M.
Elam, Jeffrey W.
Floss, Christine
Hiller, Jon
Larson, David J.
Lewis, Josiah B.
Mane, Anil
Pellin, Michael J.
Savina, Michael R.
Seidman, David N.
Stephan, Thomas
TI Atom-probe analyses of nanodiamonds from Allende
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-ION MICROSCOPE; INTERSTELLAR DIAMONDS; PRESOLAR DIAMONDS;
SOLAR-SYSTEM; TOMOGRAPHY; METEORITES; CARBON; NITROGEN; ISOTOPE;
EVAPORATION
AB Atom-probe tomography (APT) is currently the only analytical technique that, due to its spatial resolution and detection efficiency, has the potential to measure the carbon isotope ratios of individual nanodiamonds. We describe three different sample preparation protocols that we developed for the APT analysis of meteoritic nanodiamonds at sub-nm resolution and present carbon isotope peak ratios of meteoritic and synthetic nanodiamonds. The results demonstrate an instrumental bias associated with APT that needs to be quantified and corrected to obtain accurate isotope ratios. After this correction is applied, this technique should allow determination of the distribution of C-12/C-13 ratios in individual diamond grains, solving the decades-old question of the origin of meteoritic nanodiamonds: what fraction, if any, formed in the solar system and in presolar environments? Furthermore, APT could help us identify the stellar sources of any presolar nanodiamonds that are detected.
C1 [Heck, Philipp R.; Davis, Andrew M.; Stephan, Thomas] Field Museum Nat Hist, Robert A Pritzker Ctr Meteorit & Polar Studies, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
[Heck, Philipp R.; Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.; Savina, Michael R.; Stephan, Thomas] Univ Chicago, Chicago Ctr Cosmochem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Stadermann, Frank J.; Floss, Christine; Lewis, Josiah B.] Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO USA.
[Stadermann, Frank J.; Daulton, Tyrone L.; Floss, Christine; Lewis, Josiah B.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Isheim, Dieter; Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Atom Probe Tomog, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Auciello, Orlando; Hiller, Jon; Pellin, Michael J.; Savina, Michael R.; Stephan, Thomas] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Auciello, Orlando] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
[Auciello, Orlando] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Bioengn, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
[Daulton, Tyrone L.] Washington Univ, Ctr Mat Innovat, St Louis, MO USA.
[Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.; Stephan, Thomas] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Elam, Jeffrey W.; Mane, Anil] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Larson, David J.] Cameca Instruments Inc, Madison, WI USA.
RP Heck, PR (reprint author), Field Museum Nat Hist, Robert A Pritzker Ctr Meteorit & Polar Studies, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
EM prheck@fieldmuseum.org
RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; Seidman, David/B-6697-2009
OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768;
FU NASA grants [NNX09AC28G, NNX13AF53G, NNX09AG39G, NNX11AG77G]; Tawani
Foundation; US Department of Energy, Office of Science Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF-MRI
[DMR-0420532]; ONR-DURIP [N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539,
N00014-0910781]; National Science Foundation's MRSEC program
[DMR-1121262]
FX We thank R. S. Lewis for providing the Allende nanodiamond sample, K.
Knight for the detonation diamonds, J. Pearson for sputter coating, and
D. Schreiber for helpful discussions. We are grateful to I. Lyon, L.
Nittler, and J. Matsuda for careful and constructive reviews, which
significantly improved this article. This study is supported by NASA
grants NNX09AC28G and NNX13AF53G (C.F.), NNX09AG39G (A.M.D. and T.S.),
NNX11AG77G (P.R.H.), and by the Tawani Foundation. Atomic layer
deposition, UNCD film growth, and some of the FIB microscope work were
performed at Argonne National Laboratory. Assistance with UNCD film
growth and APT analysis was supported by the US Department of Energy,
Office of Science Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (M.R.S., M.J.P, O.A.). The NUCAPT LEAP
was purchased and upgraded with funding from NSF-MRI (DMR-0420532) and
ONR-DURIP (N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781) grants. This
study was also supported by the National Science Foundation's MRSEC
program (DMR-1121262) and made use of its Shared Facilities at the
Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. We also gratefully
acknowledge the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern
(ISEN) for grants to upgrade the capabilities of NUCAPT.
NR 52
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U1 2
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 3
BP 453
EP 467
DI 10.1111/maps.12265
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AD4WJ
UT WOS:000333251800010
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, L
Aubourg, E
Bailey, S
Beutler, F
Bolton, AS
Brinkmann, J
Brownstein, JR
Chuang, CH
Cuesta, AJ
Dawson, KS
Eisenstein, DJ
Ho, S
Honscheid, K
Kazin, EA
Kirkby, D
Manera, M
McBride, CK
Mena, O
Nichol, RC
Olmstead, MD
Padmanabhan, N
Palanque-Delabrouille, N
Percival, WJ
Prada, F
Ross, AJ
Ross, NP
Sanchez, AG
Samushia, L
Schlegel, DJ
Schneider, DP
Seo, HJ
Strauss, MA
Thomas, D
Tinker, JL
Tojeiro, R
Verde, L
Wake, D
Weinberg, DH
Xu, XY
Yeche, C
AF Anderson, Lauren
Aubourg, Eric
Bailey, Stephen
Beutler, Florian
Bolton, Adam S.
Brinkmann, J.
Brownstein, Joel R.
Chuang, Chia-Hsun
Cuesta, Antonio J.
Dawson, Kyle S.
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Ho, Shirley
Honscheid, Klaus
Kazin, Eyal A.
Kirkby, David
Manera, Marc
McBride, Cameron K.
Mena, O.
Nichol, Robert C.
Olmstead, Matthew D.
Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Palanque-Delabrouille, N.
Percival, Will J.
Prada, Francisco
Ross, Ashley J.
Ross, Nicholas P.
Sanchez, Ariel G.
Samushia, Lado
Schlegel, David J.
Schneider, Donald P.
Seo, Hee-Jong
Strauss, Michael A.
Thomas, Daniel
Tinker, Jeremy L.
Tojeiro, Rita
Verde, Licia
Wake, David
Weinberg, David H.
Xu, Xiaoying
Yeche, Christophe
TI The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation
Spectroscopic Survey: measuring D-A and H at z=0.57 from the baryon
acoustic peak in the Data Release 9 spectroscopic Galaxy sample
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; dark energy; distance
scale; large scale structure of Universe
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE;
POWER-SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; PROBING DARK ENERGY; SURVEY IMAGING DATA; CENT
DISTANCE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; REDSHIFT SURVEYS; FLUCTUATIONS
AB We present measurements of the angular diameter distance to and Hubble parameter at z = 0.57 from the measurement of the baryon acoustic peak in the correlation of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. Our analysis is based on a sample from Data Release 9 of 264 283 galaxies over 3275 square degrees in the redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.70. We use two different methods to provide robust measurement of the acoustic peak position across and along the line of sight in order to measure the cosmological distance scale. We find D-A(0.57) = 1408 +/- 45 Mpc and H(0.57) = 92.9 +/- 7.8 km s(-1) Mpc(-1) for our fiducial value of the sound horizon. These results from the anisotropic fitting are fully consistent with the analysis of the spherically averaged acoustic peak position presented in Anderson et al. Our distance measurements are a close match to the predictions of the standard cosmological model featuring a cosmological constant and zero spatial curvature.
C1 [Anderson, Lauren] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Aubourg, Eric] Univ Paris Diderot, APC, CNRS IN2P3, CEA Irfu,Obs Paris, Sorbonne Paris, France.
[Bailey, Stephen; Beutler, Florian; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.; Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Olmstead, Matthew D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Brinkmann, J.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Prada, Francisco] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Cuesta, Antonio J.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ho, Shirley; Xu, Xiaoying] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Honscheid, Klaus; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Honscheid, Klaus; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Dawson, Kyle S.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Kirkby, David] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Manera, Marc; Nichol, Robert C.; Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England.
[Mena, O.] IFIC CSIC UV, Valencia, Spain.
[Palanque-Delabrouille, N.; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Prada, Francisco] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
[Prada, Francisco] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Tinker, Jeremy L.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Verde, Licia] ICREA, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Verde, Licia] ICC Univ Barcelona IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Wake, David] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Anderson, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM djschlegel@lbl.gov
RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014
OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X
FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department
of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian
Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of
Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French
Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University;
Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA
Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck
Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New
York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University;
University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation
Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University;
University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University
FX Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science
Foundation and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The
SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the
Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of
the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the
Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory,
University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of
Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group,
Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the
Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins
University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute
for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New
Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University,
Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton
University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo,
University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia,
University of Washington and Yale University.
NR 93
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 1
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 1
BP 83
EP 101
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2206
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AD5MR
UT WOS:000333297700026
ER
PT J
AU Sadowski, A
Narayan, R
McKinney, JC
Tchekhovskoy, A
AF Sadowski, Aleksander
Narayan, Ramesh
McKinney, Jonathan C.
Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
TI Numerical simulations of super-critical black hole accretion flows in
general relativity
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; relativistic processes;
methods: numerical; galaxies: jets
ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; RADIATION-MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC
SIMULATIONS; SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; TIDAL
DISRUPTION EVENT; ULTRA-FAST OUTFLOWS; 2 DIMENSIONS; DISKS; DISCS;
SCHEME
AB A new general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamical code KORAL is described, which employs the M1 scheme to close the radiation moment equations. The code has been successfully verified against a number of tests. Axisymmetric simulations of super-critical magnetized accretion on non-rotating (a(*) = 0.0) and spinning (a(*) = 0.9) black holes are presented. The accretion rates in the two models are (M) over dot approximate to 100-200 (M) over dot(Edd). These first general relativistic simulations of super-critical black hole accretion are potentially relevant to tidal disruption events and hyper-accreting supermassive black holes in the early Universe. Both simulated models are optically and geometrically thick, and have funnels through which energy escapes in the form of relativistic gas, Poynting flux and radiative flux. The jet is significantly more powerful in the a(*) = 0.9 run. The net energy outflow rate in the two runs correspond to efficiencies of 5 per cent (a(*) = 0) and 33 per cent (a(*) = 0.9), as measured with respect to the mass accretion rate at the black hole. These efficiencies agree well with those measured in previous simulations of non-radiative geometrically thick discs. Furthermore, in the a(*) = 0.9 run, the outflow power appears to originate in the spinning black hole, suggesting that the associated physics is again similar in non-radiative and super-critical accretion flows. While the two simulations are efficient in terms of total energy outflow, both runs are radiatively inefficient. Their luminosities are only similar to 1-10L(Edd), which corresponds to a radiative efficiency similar to 0.1 per cent. Interestingly, most of the radiative luminosity emerges through the funnels where the local radiative flux is highly super-Eddington.
C1 [Sadowski, Aleksander; Narayan, Ramesh] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02134 USA.
[McKinney, Jonathan C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Tchekhovskoy, Alexander] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sadowski, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02134 USA.
EM asadowski@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730
FU NSF [AST1312651]; NASA [NNX11AE16G]; NSF via XSEDE resources
[TG-AST080026N, TG-AST100040]; NASA via the High-End Computing (HEC)
Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames
Research Center
FX We thank Juri Poutanen and Ken Ohsuga for useful comments. RN and AS
were supported in part by NSF grant AST1312651 and NASA grant
NNX11AE16G. We also acknowledge computational support from NSF via XSEDE
resources (grant TG-AST080026N to RN and AS, and grant TG-AST100040 to
AT), and from NASA (to RN and AS) via the High-End Computing (HEC)
Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames
Research Center.
NR 76
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 1
BP 503
EP 520
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2479
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AD5MR
UT WOS:000333297700054
ER
PT J
AU Zarzycki, CM
Jablonowski, C
Taylor, MA
AF Zarzycki, Colin M.
Jablonowski, Christiane
Taylor, Mark A.
TI Using Variable-Resolution Meshes to Model Tropical Cyclones in the
Community Atmosphere Model
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Model evaluation/performance; Multigrid models; Numerical
analysis/modeling; General circulation models; Tropical cyclones
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; AQUAPLANET SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICAL CORE;
CLIMATE; GRIDS; SPHERE; AGCMS; GCM
AB A statically nested, variable-mesh option has recently been introduced into the Community Atmosphere Model's (CAM's) Spectral Element (SE) dynamical core that has become the default in CAM version 5.3. This paper presents a series of tests of increasing complexity that highlight the use of variable-resolution grids in CAM-SE to improve tropical cyclone representation by dynamically resolving storms without requiring the computational demand of a global high-resolution grid. As a simplified initial test, a dry vortex is advected through grid transition regions in variable-resolution meshes on an irrotational planet with the CAM subgrid parameterization package turned off. Vortex structure and intensity is only affected by grid resolution and no spurious artifacts are observed. CAM-SE model simulations using an idealized tropical cyclone test case on an aquaplanet show no numerical distortion or wave reflection when the cyclone interacts with an abrupt transition region. Using the same test case, the authors demonstrate that a regionally refined mesh with significantly fewer degrees of freedom can produce the same local results as a globally uniform grid. Additionally, the authors discuss a more complex aquaplanet experiment with meridionally varying sea surface temperatures that reproduces a quasi-realistic global climate. Tropical cyclogenesis is facilitated without the need for vortex bogusing in a high-resolution patch embedded within a global grid that is otherwise too coarse to resolve realistic tropical cyclones in CAM.
C1 [Zarzycki, Colin M.; Jablonowski, Christiane] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Taylor, Mark A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Zarzycki, CM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM zarzycki@umich.edu
RI Jablonowski, Christiane/I-9068-2012; Zarzycki, Colin/E-5691-2014
OI Jablonowski, Christiane/0000-0003-0407-0092;
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0003990,
DE-SC0006684]; Department of Energy Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [11-014996]; National Science Foundation;
University of Michigan's Center for Advanced Computing at the College of
Engineering
FX The authors thank Michael N. Levy and Jose Garcia for their help with
variable-resolution CAM-SE as well as Kevin Reed for assistance with the
idealized test cases and graphical output. We also thank Lucas Harris
and one anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that improved the
original manuscript. Some of this work was completed during the
"Multiscale Numerics for the Atmosphere and Ocean" Programme at the
Issac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences in Cambridge, United
Kingdom. Support for this work has been provided by the Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Awards DE-SC0003990 and
DE-SC0006684. M.A.T. was supported by the Department of Energy Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, Work Package 11-014996. We
acknowledge the high-performance computing support provided by NCAR's
Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, which is sponsored by
the National Science Foundation, as well as the University of Michigan's
Center for Advanced Computing at the College of Engineering.
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 142
IS 3
BP 1221
EP 1239
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00179.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AB8PM
UT WOS:000332052500015
ER
PT J
AU Sanford, T
Frumhoff, PC
Luers, A
Gulledge, J
AF Sanford, Todd
Frumhoff, Peter C.
Luers, Amy
Gulledge, Jay
TI The climate policy narrative for a dangerously warming world
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MORTALITY; RISKS
C1 [Sanford, Todd] Union Concerned Scientists, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
[Frumhoff, Peter C.] Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02238 USA.
[Luers, Amy] Skoll Global Threats Fund, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA.
[Gulledge, Jay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Sanford, T (reprint author), Union Concerned Scientists, 1825 K St NW,Ste 800, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
EM pfrumhoff@ucsusa.org
RI Gulledge, Jay/G-3252-2010
OI Gulledge, Jay/0000-0002-9779-8690
NR 20
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 8
U2 25
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 3
BP 164
EP 166
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AE0PU
UT WOS:000333669100010
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XY
Wu, B
Gao, F
Li, X
Sun, X
Khaleel, MA
Akinlalu, AV
Liu, L
AF Wang, Xiangyu
Wu, Bin
Gao, Fei
Li, Xin
Sun, Xin
Khaleel, Mohammed A.
Akinlalu, Ademola V.
Liu, Li
TI Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermodynamic Properties in Uranium
Dioxide
SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING TECHNIQUES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; THERMOPHYSICAL
PROPERTIES; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; PLUTONIUM OXIDE; 2000 K; UO2;
TRANSPORT; TEMPERATURE; EQUILIBRIUM
AB In the present study, we investigated the thermodynamic properties of uranium dioxide (UO2) by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. As for solid UO2, the lattice parameter, density, and enthalpy obtained by MD simulations were in good agreement with existing experimental data and previous theoretical predictions. The calculated thermal conductivities matched the experiment results at the midtemperature range but were underestimated at very low and very high temperatures. The calculation results of mean square displacement represented the stability of uranium at all temperatures and the high mobility of oxygen toward 3000 K. By fitting the diffusivity constant of oxygen with the Vogel-FulcherTamman law, we noticed a secondary phase transition near 2006.4 K, which can be identified as a "strong'' to "fragile'' supercooled liquid or glass phase transition in UO2. By fitting the oxygen diffusion constant with the Arrhenius equation, activation energies of 2.0 and 2.7 eV that we obtained were fairly close to the recommended values of 2.3 to 2.6 eV.
C1 [Wang, Xiangyu; Wu, Bin; Li, Xin; Akinlalu, Ademola V.; Liu, Li] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Gao, Fei; Sun, Xin; Khaleel, Mohammed A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental Sci Directory, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, XY (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM liue@rpi.edu
OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under NERI-C award [DE-FG07-07ID14889];
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission [NRC-38-08-950]; DOE's Nuclear Energy
Advanced Modeling and Simulation Program at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory
FX Financial support by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under NERI-C
award DE-FG07-07ID14889 and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission under
award NRC-38-08-950 is acknowledged. F. Gao, X. Sun, and M. A. Khaleel
were supported by the DOE's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and
Simulation Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is
operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5639
EI 1943-748X
J9 NUCL SCI ENG
JI Nucl. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3
BP 360
EP 369
PG 10
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AD6BR
UT WOS:000333338800008
ER
PT J
AU Ma, Q
Reeves, JH
Liberles, DA
Yu, LL
Chang, Z
Zhao, J
Cui, J
Xu, Y
Liu, L
AF Ma, Qin
Reeves, Jaxk H.
Liberles, David A.
Yu, Lili
Chang, Zheng
Zhao, Jing
Cui, Juan
Xu, Ying
Liu, Liang
TI A phylogenetic model for understanding the effect of gene duplication on
cancer progression
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID BREAST-CANCER; CLONAL EVOLUTION; FAMILY EVOLUTION; MUTATION; TUMOR;
CELL; HETEROGENEITY; INITIATION; EMERGENCE; DYNAMICS
AB As biotechnology advances rapidly, a tremendous amount of cancer genetic data has become available, providing an unprecedented opportunity for understanding the genetic mechanisms of cancer. To understand the effects of duplications and deletions on cancer progression, two genomes (normal and tumor) were sequenced from each of five stomach cancer patients in different stages (I, II, III and IV). We developed a phylogenetic model for analyzing stomach cancer data. The model assumes that duplication and deletion occur in accordance with a continuous time Markov Chain along the branches of a phylogenetic tree attached with five extended branches leading to the tumor genomes. Moreover, coalescence times of the phylogenetic tree follow a coalescence process. The simulation study suggests that the maximum likelihood approach can accurately estimate parameters in the phylogenetic model. The phylogenetic model was applied to the stomach cancer data. We found that the expected number of changes (duplication and deletion) per gene for the tumor genomes is significantly higher than that for the normal genomes. The goodness-of-fit test suggests that the phylogenetic model with constant duplication and deletion rates can adequately fit the duplication data for the normal genomes. The analysis found nine duplicated genes that are significantly associated with stomach cancer.
C1 [Ma, Qin; Xu, Ying; Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Ma, Qin; Xu, Ying; Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Reeves, Jaxk H.; Zhao, Jing; Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Liberles, David A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Yu, Lili] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biostat, Statesboro, GA 30458 USA.
[Chang, Zheng] Shandong Univ, Sch Math, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China.
[Cui, Juan] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Xu, Ying] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Xu, Ying] Jilin Univ, Coll Comp Sci Technol, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, L (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM xyn@bmb.uga.edu; lliu@uga.edu
RI Ma, Qin/O-1525-2013
OI Ma, Qin/0000-0002-3264-8392
FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1222745, DMS-1222940, DEB-0830024]; DOE
BioEnergy Science Center [DE-PS02-717 06ER64304, DOE 4000063512]
FX National Science Foundation Grant [DMS-1222745] to Dr Liu and National
Science Foundation Grant [DMS-1222940] to Dr Liberles. Funding for open
access charge: National Science Foundation Grant [DEB-0830024] and the
DOE BioEnergy Science Center [contract no. DE-PS02-717 06ER64304] [DOE
4000063512].
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 5
BP 2870
EP 2878
DI 10.1093/nar/gkt1320
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AD2VJ
UT WOS:000333093600014
PM 24371277
ER
PT J
AU Davis, MJ
Janke, R
Magnuson, ML
AF Davis, Michael J.
Janke, Robert
Magnuson, Matthew L.
TI A Framework for Estimating the Adverse Health Effects of Contamination
Events in Water Distribution Systems and its Application
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE drinking water; contamination events; terrorist attacks; Consequence
analysis; water distribution systems
ID DRINKING-WATER; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; MODEL; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS;
PESTICIDES; EXPOSURE; IMPACTS
AB Intentional or accidental releases of contaminants into a water distribution system (WDS) have the potential to cause significant adverse health effects among individuals consuming water from the system. A flexible analysis framework is presented here for estimating the magnitude of such potential effects and is applied using network models for 12 actual WDSs of varying sizes. Upper bounds are developed for the magnitude of adverse effects of contamination events in WDSs and evaluated using results from the 12 systems. These bounds can be applied in cases in which little system-specific information is available. The combination of a detailed, network-specific approach and a bounding approach allows consequence assessments to be performed for systems for which varying amounts of information are available and addresses important needs of individual utilities as well as regional or national assessments. The approach used in the analysis framework allows contaminant injections at any or all network nodes and uses models that (1)account for contaminant transport in the systems, including contaminant decay, and (2)provide estimates of ingested contaminant doses for the exposed population. The approach can be easily modified as better transport or exposure models become available. The methods presented here provide the ability to quantify or bound potential adverse effects of contamination events for a wide variety of possible contaminants and WDSs, including systems without a network model.
C1 [Davis, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Janke, Robert; Magnuson, Matthew L.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Davis, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM mike_davis@anl.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and
Development; EPA under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and
Development funded, managed, and participated in the research described
here under an interagency agreement. The views expressed in this article
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of EPA. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was sponsored by
the EPA under interagency agreement through U.S. Department of Energy
Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. An anonymous reviewer suggested the use of a
simple mass-based bounding model. All postsimulation data analysis and
preparation of graphics for this article were done using
R.(35)
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0272-4332
EI 1539-6924
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 3
BP 498
EP 513
DI 10.1111/risa.12107
PG 16
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA AD3MK
UT WOS:000333143000008
PM 24102461
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Hsieh, YC
Volkov, V
Su, D
An, W
Si, R
Zhu, YM
Liu, P
Wang, JX
Adzic, RR
AF Zhang, Yu
Hsieh, Yu-Chi
Volkov, Vyacheslav
Su, Dong
An, Wei
Si, Rui
Zhu, Yimei
Liu, Ping
Wang, Jia X.
Adzic, Radoslav R.
TI High Performance Pt Mono layer Catalysts Produced via Core-Catalyzed
Coating in Ethanol
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE core shell; atomic layer coating; platinum monolayer; electrocatalysis;
nanostructure; oxygen reduction; catalyst
ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; PLATINUM-MONOLAYER ELECTROCATALYSTS; LIMITED
REDOX REPLACEMENT; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; SHELL NANOPARTICLES; FUEL-CELLS;
PT-ALLOY; PD CORES; DEPOSITION; SURFACES
AB Platinum monolayer core-shell nanocatalysts were shown to have excellent catalytic activities and stabilities. Usually, they are fabricated via electrochemical routes. Here, we report a surfactant-free, ethanol-based, wet chemical approach to coating Pd nanoparticles with uniform Pt atomic layers, inspired by aerobic alcohol oxidation catalyzed by the Pd cores. The as-prepared Pt monolayer electrocatalysts also exhibited high electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen reduction reaction.
C1 [Zhang, Yu; Hsieh, Yu-Chi; An, Wei; Si, Rui; Liu, Ping; Wang, Jia X.; Adzic, Radoslav R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Volkov, Vyacheslav; Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Su, Dong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Wang, JX (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM jia@bnl.gov; adzic@bnl.gov
RI Wang, Jia/B-6346-2011; An, Wei/E-9270-2010; Su, Dong/A-8233-2013;
OI An, Wei/0000-0002-0760-1357; Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683; Hsieh,
Yu-Chi/0000-0003-0823-6571; Zhang, Yu/0000-0002-0814-2965
FU Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE); Office of Science of the U.S. DOE
[DE-AC02-0SCH11231]
FX This research was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE). The DFT calculations were performed using computational resources
at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials of BNL, and at the National
Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported
by the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under Contract No.
DE-AC02-0SCH11231.
NR 52
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 14
U2 137
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 3
BP 738
EP 742
DI 10.1021/cs401091u
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AC8AZ
UT WOS:000332756700004
ER
PT J
AU Sturgeon, MR
Kim, S
Lawrence, K
Paton, RS
Chmely, SC
Nimlos, M
Foust, TD
Beckham, GT
AF Sturgeon, Matthew R.
Kim, Seonah
Lawrence, Kelsey
Paton, Robert S.
Chmely, Stephen C.
Nimlos, Mark
Foust, Thomas D.
Beckham, Gregg T.
TI A Mechanistic Investigation of Acid-Catalyzed Cleavage of Aryl-Ether
Linkages: Implications for Lignin Depolymerization in Acidic
Environments
SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Density functional theory; Biofuels; beta-O-4; Ether bond
ID BETA-O-4 BOND-CLEAVAGE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PHENOLS; PHENETHYL PHENYL
ETHERS; PLANT-CELL-WALL; C-O BONDS; SULFURIC-ACID; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURES;
MODEL COMPOUNDS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION
AB Acid catalysis has long been used to depolymerize plant cell wall polysaccharides, and the mechanisms by which acid affects carbohydrates have been extensively studied. Lignin depolymerization, however, is not as well understood, primarily due to the heterogeneity and reactivity of lignin. We present an experimental and theoretical study of acid-catalyzed cleavage of two non-phenolic and two phenolic dimers that exhibit the beta-O-4 ether linkage, the most common intermonomer bond in lignin. This work demonstrates that the rate of acid-catalyzed beta-O-4 cleavage in dimers exhibiting a phenolic hydroxyl group is 2 orders of magnitude faster than in non-phenolic dimers. The experiments suggest that the major product distribution is similar for all model compounds, but a stable phenyl-dihydrobenzofuran species is observed in the acidolysis of two of the gamma-carbinol containing model compounds. The presence of a methoxy substituent, commonly found in native lignin, prevents the formation of this intermediate. Reaction pathways were examined with quantum mechanical calculations, which aid in explaining the substantial differences in reactivity. Moreover, we use a radical scavenger to show that the commonly proposed homolytic cleavage pathway of phenolic beta-O-4 linkages is unlikely in acidolysis conditions. Overall, this study explains the disparity between rates of beta-O-4 cleavage seen in model compound experiments and acid pretreatment of biomass, and implies that depolymerization of lignin during acid-catalyzed pretreatment or fractionation will proceed via a hetcrolytic, unzipping mechanism wherein beta-O-4 linkages are cleaved from the phenolic ends of branched, polymer chains inward toward the core of the polymer.
C1 [Sturgeon, Matthew R.; Kim, Seonah; Lawrence, Kelsey; Nimlos, Mark; Foust, Thomas D.; Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Adv Biofuels Consortium, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Sturgeon, Matthew R.; Kim, Seonah; Chmely, Stephen C.; Foust, Thomas D.; Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Paton, Robert S.] Univ Oxford, Chem Res Lab, Oxford OX1 3TA, England.
[Beckham, Gregg T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Beckham, GT (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Adv Biofuels Consortium, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Gregg.beckham@nrel.gov
RI Paton, Robert/A-4564-2010
OI Paton, Robert/0000-0002-0104-4166
FU DOE BioEnergy Technologies Office through American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act Funds; Oxford University Press John Fell Fund; Royal
Society [RG RG110617]; DOE Office of EERE [DE-AC36-08G028308]
FX We acknowledge funding from the National Advanced Biofuels Consortium,
which is funded by the DOE BioEnergy Technologies Office through
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Funds. R.S.P. thanks the Oxford
University Press John Fell Fund and the Royal Society (RG RG110617) for
funding. We acknowledge Marykate O'Brien, Jessica Hamlin, and Kellene
McKinney for their help synthesizing model compounds, Luc Moens for his
insightful mechanistic discussions, William Michener and Erica Gjersing
for analysis, and J. D. McMillan for a critical reading of the
manuscript. Computer time was provided by the Trestles and Gordon
clusters at the San Diego Supercomputing Center and the Ember cluster at
NCSA under the NSF XSEDE Grant MCB090159 and by the NREL Computational
Sciences Center supported by the DOE Office of EERE under Contract
Number DE-AC36-08G028308.
NR 94
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 9
U2 154
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2168-0485
J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG
JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 3
BP 472
EP 485
DI 10.1021/sc400384w
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY;
Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering
GA AC2QK
UT WOS:000332348800019
ER
PT J
AU Eastwood, DS
Yufit, V
Gelb, J
Gu, A
Bradley, RS
Harris, SJ
Brett, DJL
Brandon, NP
Lee, PD
Withers, PJ
Shearing, PR
AF Eastwood, David S.
Yufit, Vladimir
Gelb, Jeff
Gu, Allen
Bradley, Robert S.
Harris, Stephen J.
Brett, Daniel J. L.
Brandon, Nigel P.
Lee, Peter D.
Withers, Philip J.
Shearing, Paul R.
TI Lithiation- Induced Dilation Mapping in a Lithium- Ion Battery Electrode
by 3D X- Ray Microscopy and Digital Volume Correlation
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE batteries; digital volume correlation; lithiation; lithium-ion
batteries; X-ray microscopy
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; OXIDES; CT
AB Recent advances in high-resolution 3D X-ray computed tomography (CT) allow detailed, non-destructive 3D structural mapping of a complete lithium-ion battery. By repeated 3D image acquisition (time lapse CT imaging) these investigations of material microstructure are extended into the fourth dimension (time) to study structural changes of the device in operando. By digital volume correlation (DVC) of successive 3D images the dimensional changes taking place during charge cycling are quantified at the electrode level and at the Mn2O4 particle scale. After battery discharging, the extent of lithiation of the manganese (III/IV) oxide grains in the electrode is found to be a function of the distance from the battery terminal with grains closest to the electrode/current collector interface having the greatest expansion (approximate to 30%) and grains furthest from the current collector and closest to the counter electrode showing negligible dilation. This implies that the discharge is limited by electrical conductivity. This new CT+DVC technique is widely applicable to the 3D exploration of the microstructural degradation processes for a range of energy materials including fuel cells, capacitors, catalysts, and ceramics.
C1 [Eastwood, David S.; Bradley, Robert S.; Lee, Peter D.; Withers, Philip J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Eastwood, David S.; Lee, Peter D.; Withers, Philip J.] Res Complex Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxon, England.
[Yufit, Vladimir; Brandon, Nigel P.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Gelb, Jeff; Gu, Allen] Carl Zeiss Xray Microscopy, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA.
[Harris, Stephen J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brett, Daniel J. L.; Shearing, Paul R.] UCL, Dept Chem Engn, London WC1E 7JE, England.
RP Eastwood, DS (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM david.eastwood@manchester.ac.uk; peter.lee@manchester.ac.uk;
p.shearing@ucl.ac.uk
RI Lee, Peter/R-2323-2016;
OI Lee, Peter/0000-0002-3898-8881; Brett, Dan/0000-0002-8545-3126
FU Office of Naval Research Global; EPSRC [EP/I02249X/1]; Royal Academy of
Engineering; Research Complex at Harwell; Manchester-Diamond
Collaboration
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Office of
Naval Research Global, the EPSRC (EP/I02249X/1), the Royal Academy of
Engineering, the Research Complex at Harwell, and the Manchester-Diamond
Collaboration.
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 7
U2 67
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 1300506
DI 10.1002/aenm.201300506
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AD0LE
UT WOS:000332924700006
ER
PT J
AU Yamaguchi, H
Granstrom, J
Nie, WY
Sojoudi, H
Fujita, T
Voiry, D
Chen, MW
Gupta, G
Mohite, AD
Graham, S
Chhowalla, M
AF Yamaguchi, Hisato
Granstrom, Jimmy
Nie, Wanyi
Sojoudi, Hossein
Fujita, Takeshi
Voiry, Damien
Chen, Mingwei
Gupta, Gautam
Mohite, Aditya D.
Graham, Samuel
Chhowalla, Manish
TI Reduced Graphene Oxide Thin Films as Ultrabarriers for Organic
Electronics
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE gas barrier; graphene oxide; solution processing; organic electronics
ID SOLAR-CELLS; BARRIER; TRANSPARENT; PERMEATION; REDUCTION; COMPOSITE;
EVOLUTION; MEMBRANES; WATER; P3HT
AB Encapsulation of electronic devices based on organic materials that are prone to degradation even under normal atmospheric conditions with hermetic barriers is crucial for increasing their lifetime. A challenge is to develop ultrabarriers that are impermeable, flexible, and preferably transparent. Another important requirement is that they must be compatible with organic electronics fabrication schemes (i.e., must be solution processable, deposited at room temperature and be chemically inert). Here, a lifetime increase of 1300 h for poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films encapsulated by uniform and continuous thin (approximate to 10 nm) films of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is reported. This level of protection against oxygen/water vapor diffusion is substantially better than conventional polymeric barriers such as Cytop, which degrades after only 350 h despite being 400 nm thick. Analysis using atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy suggest that the superior oxygen gas/moisture barrier property of rGO is due to the close interlayer distance packing and absence of pinholes within the impermeable sheets. These material properties can be correlated to the enhanced lag time of 500 h. The results provide new insight for the design of high-performance and solution-processable transparent ultrabarriers for a wide range of encapsulation applications.
C1 [Yamaguchi, Hisato; Voiry, Damien; Chhowalla, Manish] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Yamaguchi, Hisato; Nie, Wanyi; Gupta, Gautam; Mohite, Aditya D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Mat Phys & Applicat MPA Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Granstrom, Jimmy; Sojoudi, Hossein; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Granstrom, Jimmy; Sojoudi, Hossein; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Fujita, Takeshi; Chen, Mingwei] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
RP Yamaguchi, H (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 607 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM hisatoy@lanl.gov; manish1@rci.rutgers.edu
RI Fujita, Takeshi/B-1867-2009; Yamaguchi, Hisato/C-5571-2008; Chen,
Mingwei/A-4855-2010; Voiry, Damien/G-3541-2016
OI Fujita, Takeshi/0000-0002-2318-0433; Yamaguchi,
Hisato/0000-0002-6703-8826; Chen, Mingwei/0000-0002-2850-8872; Voiry,
Damien/0000-0002-1664-2839
FU Rutgers University; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
Postdoctoral Fellowship; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
(LDRD) Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship of Los Alamos National
Laboratory (LANL); Center on Materials and Devices for Information
Technology Research (CDMITR); National Science Foundation (NSF)
[0120967]; NSF CMMI [0927736]; Japan Science and Technology Agency
(JST), PRESTO
FX The authors acknowledge K. Kuraoka of Kobe University, Japan and G. Eda
of National University of Singapore for their technical supports at the
initial stage of the work. Authors also acknowledge E. Cheng, J. Kim,
and R. Kappera of Rutgers University for the experimental support, D.
Watanabe of Tohoku University, Japan for the technical support. H.Y., D.
V., M. C. acknowledge Donald H. Jacobs' Chair funding from Rutgers
University. H.Y. acknowledges the Japanese Society for the Promotion of
Science (JSPS) Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad, and
Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Director's
Postdoctoral Fellowship of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for
financial support. This research was funded in part by the Center on
Materials and Devices for Information Technology Research (CDMITR), the
National Science Foundation (NSF) grant #0120967, NSF CMMI 0927736, and
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO.
NR 31
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 8
U2 103
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 1300986
DI 10.1002/aenm.201300986
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AD0LE
UT WOS:000332924700001
ER
PT J
AU Katipamula, S
Wang, WM
Vowles, M
AF Katipamula, Srinivas
Wang, Weimin
Vowles, Mira
TI Improving Operating Efficiency Of Packaged Air Conditioners & Heat Pumps
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Katipamula, Srinivas; Wang, Weimin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Vowles, Mira] Bonneville Power Adm, Energy Efficiency Dept, Portland, OR USA.
RP Katipamula, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
EI 1943-6637
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 56
IS 3
BP 36
EP 54
PG 19
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA AC8YH
UT WOS:000332820500008
ER
PT J
AU Ebadian, M
Sowlati, T
Sokhansanj, S
Smith, LT
Stumborg, M
AF Ebadian, Mahmood
Sowlati, Taraneh
Sokhansanj, Shahab
Smith, Lawrence T.
Stumborg, Mark
TI Development of an integrated tactical and operational planning model for
supply of feedstock to a commercial-scale bioethanol plant
SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
LA English
DT Article
DE bioethanol; biomass supply chain; integrated simulation; optimization
modeling; operational planning; tactical planning
ID LOGISTICS SYSTEM-DESIGN; FUEL DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; SIMULATION-MODEL;
BIOENERGY INDUSTRY; BIOMASS; OPTIMIZATION; CHAIN; IBSAL; SHAM; L.
AB In this paper, a new modeling approach is proposed to integrate the tactical and operational planning levels in the biomass supply chain. The proposed approach includes an optimization model and a simulation model. The integration is made between these models (i) to assure the fulfillment of the daily biomass demand year-round for a commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plant and (ii) to reduce biomass delivery costs. The optimization model prescribes the design of the supply area in a way that the annual biomass demand is met at a minimum delivery cost for a five-year planning horizon. Given the design of the supply area, the simulation model schedules the flow of multi-biomass in the supply chain to meet the daily biomass demand of the ethanol plant subject to the dynamics and uncertainties in the supply chain. If the daily demand cannot be met, the outputs of the simulation model are used to adjust the design in the optimization model to assure the fulfillment of the daily demand. The application of the integrated model to a proposed commercial-sized bioethanol plant shows the efficiency of the integrated approach to design the supply area in a way that the daily biomass demand is met at the minimum delivery cost possible. The results of the sensitivity analysis reveal that the most influential parameter on the design is biomass yield. In addition, bale bulk density, in-farm and road transportation operations, and farmer participation rates have the highest impact on delivery cost compared to other input parameters. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
C1 [Ebadian, Mahmood; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Sowlati, Taraneh] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Smith, Lawrence T.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Natl Agroclimate Informat Serv, Regina, SK, Canada.
[Stumborg, Mark] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK, Canada.
RP Sowlati, T (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, 2931-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM taraneh.sowlati@ubc.ca
FU University of British Columbia's Graduate Fellowship; Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agriculture and Agri-Food;
BC Ministry of Forest, Lands and Natural Resource Operations
FX This study is funded in part through the University of British
Columbia's Graduate Fellowship, the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food and the BC
Ministry of Forest, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. The Oak Ridge
National laboratory is acknowledged for providing data and helping in
the validation of the developed models.
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-104X
EI 1932-1031
J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR
JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 2
BP 171
EP 188
DI 10.1002/bbb.1446
PG 18
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AC4UY
UT WOS:000332517800014
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZC
Dunn, JB
Han, J
Wang, MQ
AF Wang, Zhichao
Dunn, Jennifer B.
Han, Jeongwoo
Wang, Michael Q.
TI Effects of co-produced biochar on life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of
pyrolysis-derived renewable fuels
SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
LA English
DT Article
DE fast pyrolysis; biochar; life-cycle analysis; greenhouse gas emissions;
biofuels; carbon abatement
ID BLACK CARBON; ORGANIC-CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOIL; BIOMASS; SYSTEMS;
STABILIZATION; IMPACT; MANURE
AB Biochar is a co-product from biomass pyrolysis that can sequester carbon when applied to soils. It may also reduce N2O and CH4 emissions from soils, increase fertilizer efficiency, increase soil organic carbon, and increase crop yields. Treatment of these additional agricultural effects in life cycle analyses (LCAs) of pyrolysis-based liquid fuels could significantly influence LCA results. In this study, we include these effects in analyses of fast and slow pyrolysis. We also consider scenarios in which biochar is combusted to produce electricity. Probability distribution functions are developed for biochar yield and carbon content whereas average, minimum, and maximum values for biochar's stability factor and agricultural effects are developed from a thorough literature review and used in baseline and sensitivity analyses. Overall, life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for pyrolysis-based gasoline are lower when biochar is applied to soil than when it is combusted. Carbon abatement (CA) values of fast and slow pyrolysis fuel production systems are comparable. CA is reduced for an alternative fast pyrolysis system in which the pyrolysis oil is combusted for heat and electricity generation rather than upgraded to a hydrocarbon fuel. In the baseline case with biochar soil application, inclusion of agricultural effects reduces GHG emissions by 2.1 g CO(2)e/MJ from 16 g CO(2)e/MJ. Biochar carbon content and yield exert the strongest influence on GHG emissions results. Results are also sensitive to biochar's ability to suppress N2O emissions and increase soil organic carbon, which are subject to high uncertainty. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
C1 [Wang, Zhichao] Argonne Natl Lab, Area Biofuel Life Cycle Anal, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Dunn, Jennifer B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biofuel Life Cycle Anal Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Han, Jeongwoo] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Wang, Michael Q.] Argonne Natl Lab, Syst Assessment Grp, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Dunn, JB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Syst Assessment Sect, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM jdunn@anl.gov
FU Biomass Program of the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This study was supported by the Biomass Program of the Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy Office of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Zia Haq, Kristen
Johnson, and Alicia Lindauer of the Bioenergy Technology Office for
their support and guidance.
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 53
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-104X
EI 1932-1031
J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR
JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 2
BP 189
EP 204
DI 10.1002/bbb.1447
PG 16
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AC4UY
UT WOS:000332517800015
ER
PT J
AU Chum, HL
Warner, E
Seabra, JEA
Macedo, IC
AF Chum, Helena L.
Warner, Ethan
Seabra, Joaquim E. A.
Macedo, Isaias C.
TI A comparison of commercial ethanol production systems from Brazilian
sugarcane and US corn
SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
LA English
DT Article
DE sugarcane; corn; ethanol; trade; life cycle assessment; greenhouse gas
ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; BIOENERGY; ENERGY;
BIOETHANOL; BIOMASS
AB Global biofuels production grew rapidly from 2007 to 2012, led by the United States and Brazil, the world's two largest fuel-ethanol-producing systems. In this paper we provide insights into the characteristics of mature Brazilian sugarcane and maturing US dry mill corn ethanol industries. Both systems continue to improve as measured by life cycle data such as total renewable energy produced per unit of fossil energy consumed [renewable energy ratio (RER)]. Sugarcane self-benchmarking systems showed RER values of 7.0 in 2002 to 9.4 in 2009 as the industry started to switch to mechanized harvesting. The average US RER improved from 1.1 to 1.7 from 2000 to 2010. RERs of 4.4 to 5.5 are observed in corn ethanol plants employing natural gas or corn stover combined heat and power. Ethanol systems configured to produce ethanol and electricity had similar net energy balances (a ratio of net energy produced to energy contained in the fuel). One measure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions (biomass use efficiency) compares the effectiveness of displacing carbon from combustion of fossil fuels with renewable carbon. Advanced corn ethanol systems reach higher GHG emission reduction levels compared to sugarcane ethanol by displacing coal-based electricity. Sugarcane systems achieve double the GHG emissions reductions per unit of harvested land relative to corn ethanol because sugarcane and corn are grown as perennial and annual crops in tropical and temperate climatic zones, respectively. Carbon dioxide capture and storage systems could offer additional GHG emission reductions for both corn and sugarcane ethanol systems. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
C1 [Chum, Helena L.; Warner, Ethan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Seabra, Joaquim E. A.; Macedo, Isaias C.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RP Warner, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM ethan.warner@nrel.gov
NR 73
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 47
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-104X
EI 1932-1031
J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR
JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 2
BP 205
EP 223
DI 10.1002/bbb.1448
PG 19
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AC4UY
UT WOS:000332517800016
ER
PT J
AU Hines, WC
Su, Y
Kuhn, I
Polyak, K
Bissell, MJ
AF Hines, William C.
Su, Ying
Kuhn, Irene
Polyak, Kornelia
Bissell, Mina J.
TI Sorting Out the FACS: A Devil in the Details
SO CELL REPORTS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hines, William C.; Kuhn, Irene; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Su, Ying; Polyak, Kornelia] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Su, Ying; Polyak, Kornelia] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Su, Ying; Polyak, Kornelia] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Hines, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mailstop 977R225A,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM chines@lbl.gov; ying_su@dfci.harvard.edu
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01CA140663,, CA116235-04S1, P01 CA080111, P50 CA89383,
R37CA064786,, U01 CA143233, U54CA112970,, U54CA143836]
NR 7
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 10
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 2211-1247
J9 CELL REP
JI Cell Reports
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 5
BP 779
EP 781
DI 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.02.021
PG 3
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA AD2BL
UT WOS:000333037800001
PM 24630040
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, LX
Hua, T
Crowley, C
Ru, H
Ni, XM
Shaw, N
Jiao, LY
Ding, W
Qu, L
Hung, LW
Huang, W
Liu, L
Ye, KQ
Ouyang, SY
Cheng, GH
Liu, ZJ
AF Zhao, Lixia
Hua, Tian
Crowley, Christopher
Ru, Heng
Ni, Xiangmin
Shaw, Neil
Jiao, Lianying
Ding, Wei
Qu, Lu
Hung, Li-Wei
Huang, Wei
Liu, Lei
Ye, Keqiang
Ouyang, Songying
Cheng, Genhong
Liu, Zhi-Jie
TI Structural analysis of asparaginyl endopeptidase reveals the activation
mechanism and a reversible intermediate maturation stage
SO CELL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE asparaginyl endopeptidase; autoproteolytic maturation; crystal
structure; innate immunity
ID RAY SOLUTION SCATTERING; MAMMALIAN LEGUMAIN; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES;
ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; CYSTEINE PROTEASES; RECEPTOR 9; CLEAVAGE; PROTEIN;
SITE; DIFFRACTION
AB Asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) is an endo/lysosomal cysteine endopeptidase with a preference for an asparagine residue at the P1 site and plays an important role in the maturation of toll-like receptors 3/7/9. AEP is known to undergo autoproteolytic maturation at acidic pH for catalytic activation. Here, we describe crystal structures of the AEP proenzyme and the mature forms of AEP. Structural comparisons between AEP and caspases revealed similarities in the composition of key residues and in the catalytic mechanism. Mutagenesis studies identified N44, R46, H150, E189, C191, S217/S218 and D233 as residues that are essential for the cleavage of the peptide substrate. During maturation, autoproteolytic cleavage of AEP's cap domain opens up access to the active site on the core domain. Unexpectedly, an intermediate autoproteolytic maturation stage was discovered at approximately pH 4.5 in which the partially activated AEP could be reversed back to its proenzyme form. This unique feature was confirmed by the crystal structure of AEPpH4.5 (AEP was matured at pH 4.5 and crystallized at pH 8.5), in which the broken peptide bonds were religated and the structure was transformed back to its proenzyme form. Additionally, the AEP inhibitor cystatin C could be digested by the fully activated AEP, but could not be digested by activated cathepsins. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time that cystatins may regulate the activity of AEP through substrate competition for the active site.
C1 [Zhao, Lixia; Hua, Tian; Ru, Heng; Ni, Xiangmin; Shaw, Neil; Jiao, Lianying; Ding, Wei; Qu, Lu; Ouyang, Songying; Liu, Zhi-Jie] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Natl Lab Biomacromol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Lixia; Huang, Wei; Liu, Zhi-Jie] ShanghaiTech Univ, iHuman Inst, Shanghai 201210, Peoples R China.
[Crowley, Christopher; Cheng, Genhong] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Hung, Li-Wei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Liu, Lei] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Key Lab Bioorgan Phosphorus Chem & Chem Biol, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Ye, Keqiang] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Natl Lab Biomacromol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
EM ouyangsy@moon.ibp.ac.cn; gcheng@mednet.ucla.edu; zjliu@ibp.ac.cn
OI Hung, Li-Wei/0000-0001-6690-8458
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2014CB910400, 2013CB911103,
2011CB911103]; Ministry of Health of China [2013ZX10004-602]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [31330019, 31200559, 91313301,
31300613]
FX The authors thank the staff at the synchrotron beamlines (17U of the
SSRF, 17A of KEK, and SIBYLS of the ALS) for their assistance with the
X-ray diffraction and solution X-ray scattering data collection. This
work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
(2014CB910400, 2013CB911103 and 2011CB911103), the Ministry of Health of
China (2013ZX10004-602) and the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (31330019, 31200559, 91313301 and 31300613).
NR 47
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 22
PU INST BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
PI SHANGHAI
PA SIBS, CAS, 319 YUEYANG ROAD, SHANGHAI, 200031, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-0602
EI 1748-7838
J9 CELL RES
JI Cell Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 3
BP 344
EP 358
DI 10.1038/cr.2014.4
PG 15
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA AC1HV
UT WOS:000332246500010
PM 24407422
ER
PT J
AU Sproul, J
Wan, MP
Mandel, BH
Rosenfeld, AH
AF Sproul, Julian
Wan, Man Pun
Mandel, Benjamin H.
Rosenfeld, Arthur H.
TI Economic comparison of white, green, and black flat roofs in the United
States
SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Article
DE White roofs; Green roofs; Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA); Urban heat
island; Energy efficiency; Stormwater management; Building codes
AB White and "green" (vegetated) roofs have begun replacing conventional black (dark-colored) roofs to mitigate the adverse effects of dark impervious urban surfaces. This paper presents an economic perspective on roof color choice using a 50-year life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). We find that relative to black roofs, white roofs provide a 50-year net savings (NS) of $25/m(2) ($2.40/ft(2)) and green roofs have a negative NS of $71/m(2) ($6.60/ft(2)). Despite lasting at least twice as long as white or black roofs, green roofs cannot compensate for their installation cost premium. However, while the 50-year NS of white roofs compared to green roofs is $96/m(2) ($8.90/ft(2)), the annualized cost premium is just $3.20/m(2)-year ($0.30/ft(2)-year). This annual difference is sufficiently small that the choice between a white and green roof should be based on preferences of the building owner. Owners concerned with global warming should choose white roofs, which are three times more effective than green roofs at cooling the globe. Owners concerned with local environmental benefits should choose green roofs, which offer built-in stormwater management and a "natural" urban landscape esthetic. We strongly recommend building code policies that phase out dark-colored roofs in warm climates to protect against their adverse public health externalities. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sproul, Julian; Mandel, Benjamin H.; Rosenfeld, Arthur H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wan, Man Pun] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
RP Mandel, BH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM julian.sproul@gmail.com; mpwan@ntu.edu.sg; benjamin.h.mandel@gmail.com;
ahrosenfeld@lbl.gov
RI Wan, Man Pun/C-3742-2008;
OI Mandel, Benjamin/0000-0001-7259-0722
FU Heat Island Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Energy
Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N) [SERC
112-176-0021]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX First we would like to thank the Heat Island Group at Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory and the Energy Research Institute at Nanyang
Technological University (ERI@N) through grant number (SERC
112-176-0021) for their financial support. Second we would like to thank
the following individuals for their technical oversight and overall
support: Ronnen Levinson, George Ban-Weiss, Kirstin Weeks, Jordan
O'Brien, Adam Friedberg, Stuart Gaffin, Andre Desjarlais, Louise Dunlap,
Robert Goo, Kent Peterson, Don Moseley, James McClendon, Scott Williams,
Kurt Shickman, Chris Mackey, and Amy Nagengast. This work was supported
by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Building Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 41
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 9
U2 74
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0378-7788
EI 1872-6178
J9 ENERG BUILDINGS
JI Energy Build.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 71
BP 20
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.11.058
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AD0JS
UT WOS:000332920900003
ER
PT J
AU Roset, R
Inagaki, A
Hohl, M
Brenet, F
Lafrance-Vanasse, J
Lange, J
Scandura, JM
Tainer, JA
Keeney, S
Petrini, JHJ
AF Roset, Ramon
Inagaki, Akiko
Hohl, Marcel
Brenet, Fabienne
Lafrance-Vanasse, Julien
Lange, Julian
Scandura, Joseph M.
Tainer, John A.
Keeney, Scott
Petrini, John H. J.
TI The Rad50 hook domain regulates DNA damage signaling and tumorigenesis
SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mre11 complex; double-strand breaks; Rad50; ATM
ID STRAND-BREAK REPAIR; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MRE11 COMPLEX FUNCTIONS;
ATM-DEFICIENT MICE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; CELLULAR-RESPONSE; PROTEIN
COMPLEX; COILED-COIL; ZINC-HOOK; NBS1
AB The Mre11 complex (Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1) is a central component of the DNA damage response (DDR), governing both double-strand break repair and DDR signaling. Rad50 contains a highly conserved Zn2+-dependent homodimerization interface, the Rad50 hook domain. Mutations that inactivate the hook domain produce a null phenotype. In this study, we analyzed mutants with reduced hook domain function in an effort to stratify hookdependent Mre11 complex functions. One of these alleles, Rad50(46), conferred reduced Zn2+ affinity and dimerization efficiency. Homozygous Rad50(46/46) mutations were lethal in mice. However, in the presence of wildtype Rad50, Rad50(46) exerted a dominant gain-of-function phenotype associated with chronic DDR signaling. At the organismal level, Rad50(+/46) exhibited hydrocephalus, liver tumorigenesis, and defects in primitive hematopoietic and gametogenic cells. These outcomes were dependent on ATM, as all phenotypes were mitigated in Rad50(+/46) Atm(+/-) mice. These data reveal that the murine Rad50 hook domain strongly influences Mre11 complex-dependent DDR signaling, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis.
C1 [Roset, Ramon; Inagaki, Akiko; Hohl, Marcel; Lange, Julian; Keeney, Scott; Petrini, John H. J.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Program Mol Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Brenet, Fabienne; Scandura, Joseph M.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Med, Lab Mol Hematopoiesis, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Lafrance-Vanasse, Julien; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Keeney, Scott] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Keeney, Scott; Petrini, John H. J.] Cornell Univ, Weill Grad Sch Med Sci, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Petrini, JHJ (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Program Mol Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM petrinij@mskcc.org
OI Scandura, Joseph/0000-0002-9525-143X; Keeney, Scott/0000-0002-1283-6417
FU National Cancer Institute [CA159175]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute (NHLBI) [HL119872, HL055748, P01 CA092584, R01 CA117638, R01
GM105421]; Fundacion Alfonso Martin Escudero; Le Fonds de la Recherche
en Sante du Quebec; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society Scholar; American
Cancer Society post-doctoral fellowship; [RO1-GM56888]
FX We thank Maria Jasin for providing Pim1DR-GFP mice; Fred Alt
for the pMX-ISceI plasmid; Linda Johnson and Julie White from the Center
for Comparative Medicine and Pathology for assistance with pathological
analysis; David Klimstra for help with liver pathology; members of the
J.H.J.P. laboratory for critical reading of the manuscript, discussions,
and helpful insight; Katelynd Vanness for technical assistance; and
Thomas J. Kelly for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was
supported by the following grants: RO1-GM56888 (to J.H.J.P.); National
Cancer Institute CA159175 (to J.M.S.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute (NHLBI) HL119872 (to J.M.S.); NHLBI HL055748 (to J.M.S.); P01
CA092584 (to J.A.T.); R01 CA117638 (to J.A.T); and R01 GM105421 (to
Maria Jasin and S. K.). R.R. was supported in part by Fundacion Alfonso
Martin Escudero. J.L.V. is recipient of a fellowship from Le Fonds de la
Recherche en Sante du Quebec. J.M.S. is a Leukemia and Lymphoma Society
Scholar. J.L. was supported in part by an American Cancer Society
post-doctoral fellowship.
NR 59
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 5
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 0890-9369
EI 1549-5477
J9 GENE DEV
JI Genes Dev.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 5
BP 451
EP 462
DI 10.1101/gad.236745.113
PG 12
WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA AC4FE
UT WOS:000332475600004
PM 24532689
ER
PT J
AU Pedersen, JS
Valen, E
Velazquez, AMV
Parker, BJ
Rasmussen, M
Lindgreen, S
Lilje, B
Tobin, DJ
Kelly, TK
Vang, S
Andersson, R
Jones, PA
Hoover, CA
Tikhonov, A
Prokhortchouk, E
Rubin, EM
Sandelin, A
Gilbert, MTP
Krogh, A
Willerslev, E
Orlando, L
AF Pedersen, Jakob Skou
Valen, Eivind
Velazquez, Amhed M. Vargas
Parker, Brian J.
Rasmussen, Morten
Lindgreen, Stinus
Lilje, Berit
Tobin, Desmond J.
Kelly, Theresa K.
Vang, Soren
Andersson, Robin
Jones, Peter A.
Hoover, Cindi A.
Tikhonov, Alexei
Prokhortchouk, Egor
Rubin, Edward M.
Sandelin, Albin
Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
Krogh, Anders
Willerslev, Eske
Orlando, Ludovic
TI Genome-wide nucleosome map and cytosine methylation levels of an ancient
human genome
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-VIVO METHYLATION; DNA METHYLATION; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME;
GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-CELLS; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTION; REVEALS;
AMPLIFICATION; NEANDERTHAL
AB Epigenetic information is available from contemporary organisms, but is difficult to track back in evolutionary time. Here, we show that genome-wide epigenetic information can be gathered directly from next-generation sequence reads of DNA isolated from ancient remains. Using the genome sequence data generated from hair shafts of a 4000-yr-old Paleo-Eskimo belonging to the Saqqaq culture, we generate the first ancient nucleosome map coupled with a genome-wide survey of cytosine methylation levels. The validity of both nucleosome map and methylation levels were confirmed by the recovery of the expected signals at promoter regions, exon/intron boundaries, and CTCF sites. The top-scoring nucleosome calls revealed distinct DNA positioning biases, attesting to nucleotide-level accuracy. The ancient methylation levels exhibited high conservation over time, clustering closely with modern hair tissues. Using ancient methylation information, we estimated the age at death of the Saqqaq individual and illustrate how epigenetic information can be used to infer ancient gene expression. Similar epigenetic signatures were found in other fossil material, such as 110,000- to 130,000-yr-old bones, supporting the contention that ancient epigenomic information can be reconstructed from a deep past. Our findings lay the foundation for extracting epigenomic information from ancient samples, allowing shifts in epialleles to be tracked through evolutionary time, as well as providing an original window into modern epigenomics.
C1 [Pedersen, Jakob Skou; Vang, Soren] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med MOMA, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
[Valen, Eivind] Harvard Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Boston, MA 02138 USA.
[Valen, Eivind; Parker, Brian J.; Lindgreen, Stinus; Lilje, Berit; Andersson, Robin; Sandelin, Albin; Krogh, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Bioinformat Ctr, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
[Valen, Eivind; Parker, Brian J.; Lindgreen, Stinus; Lilje, Berit; Andersson, Robin; Sandelin, Albin; Krogh, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, BRIC, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
[Velazquez, Amhed M. Vargas; Rasmussen, Morten; Lindgreen, Stinus; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Krogh, Anders; Willerslev, Eske; Orlando, Ludovic] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Rasmussen, Morten] Univ Copenhagen, Danish Natl Sequencing Ctr, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Lindgreen, Stinus] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
[Tobin, Desmond J.] Univ Bradford, Sch Life Sci, Ctr Skin Sci, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England.
[Kelly, Theresa K.; Jones, Peter A.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, USC Norris Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Urol Biochem & Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Hoover, Cindi A.; Rubin, Edward M.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Tikhonov, Alexei] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[Tikhonov, Alexei] North Eastern Fed Univ, Inst Appl Ecol North, Yakutsk 677980, Russia.
[Prokhortchouk, Egor] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Bioengn, Moscow 117312, Russia.
[Prokhortchouk, Egor] Natl Res Ctr Kurchatov Inst, Moscow 123182, Russia.
RP Pedersen, JS (reprint author), Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med MOMA, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
EM jakob.skou@ki.au.dk; Lorlando@snm.ku.dk
RI Orlando, Ludovic/A-8932-2013; Andersson, Robin/B-5311-2009; Sandelin,
Albin/G-2881-2011; Krogh, Anders/M-1541-2014; Prokhortchouk,
Egor/I-9108-2014; Pedersen, Jakob/G-3382-2012;
OI Orlando, Ludovic/0000-0003-3936-1850; Andersson,
Robin/0000-0003-1516-879X; Sandelin, Albin/0000-0002-7109-7378; Krogh,
Anders/0000-0002-5147-6282; Pedersen, Jakob/0000-0002-7236-4001; Valen,
Eivind/0000-0003-1840-6108
FU Danish Councils for Independent Research, Natural Sciences (FNU) and
Medical Sciences (FSS); Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF94];
Lundbeck Foundation; Marie-Curie Career Integration Grant [CIG-293845];
Novo Nordisk Foundation; Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP)
FX We thank laboratory technicians at the Centre for GeoGenetics and staff
at the Danish High-throughput DNA Sequencing Centre for technical
assistance, members of the paleomix group for discussions, Andrea Pauli
for useful comments, and Ole Jacob Kielland for illustrating Figure 1D.
This work was supported by the Danish Councils for Independent Research,
Natural Sciences (FNU) and Medical Sciences (FSS); the Danish National
Research Foundation (DNRF94); the Lundbeck Foundation; a Marie-Curie
Career Integration Grant (CIG-293845); the Novo Nordisk Foundation; and
the Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP).
NR 87
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 5
U2 42
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
EI 1549-5469
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 3
BP 454
EP 466
DI 10.1101/gr.163592.113
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA AC1HU
UT WOS:000332246100009
PM 24299735
ER
PT J
AU Pester, NJ
Ding, K
Seyfried, WE
AF Pester, Nicholas J.
Ding, Kang
Seyfried, William E., Jr.
TI Magmatic eruptions and iron volatility in deep-sea hydrothermal fluids
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST PACIFIC RISE; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; 9-DEGREES 50' N;
PHASE-SEPARATION; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; CHEMISTRY; SYSTEMS; EVOLUTION;
FLOOR; EQUILIBRIA
AB During periods of volcanic activity, hydrothermal fluid chemistry changes drastically, becoming unusually dilute due to enhanced degrees of phase separation. Despite decreases in nearly all other metals, these dilute fluids maintain surprisingly high dissolved Fe concentrations. This is demonstrated by a 17 yr time series from 9 degrees 50'N on the East Pacific Rise, where two eruption cycles are separated by a decade of steady-state chemical and physical conditions. We report experimental data confirming a sharp increase in Fe solubility in low-salinity and low-density vapors that constitutes a reversal in behavior exhibited in near-critical vapors characteristic of the steady-state condition. In accordance with field observations during the eruptions, a fundamental divergence between the otherwise similar behaviors of Fe and Mn also results. This helps explain how Fe fluxes are maintained during magmatic events, which may have important implications for the succession and temporal evolution of vent-related fauna. Calibrated geochemical proxies for subseafloor reaction conditions (pressure-temperature) now allow us to elucidate hydrothermal processes from steady state through eruptive and recovery stages at the 9 degrees 50'N system.
C1 [Pester, Nicholas J.; Ding, Kang; Seyfried, William E., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Pester, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM NJPester@lbl.gov
RI Pester, Nicholas/G-2424-2015
OI Pester, Nicholas/0000-0002-1852-6663
FU National Science Foundation [0927615, 0751771, 0813861]
FX We thank the captain and crew of R/V Atlantis, the Alvin Group, and D.
Foustoukos for assistance in acquiring the EPR 9-10 degrees N fluid
samples, as well as R. Knurr for analyses of both the field and
experimental samples. We also thank J. Bryce and F. Prado for making
available the unpublished fluid chemical data from EPR 9-10 degrees N
acquired between 2002 and 2007 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/IEDA/100031).
Reviews by David Butterfield and Laurence Coogan improved the clarity
and content of the manuscript. Financial support for this research was
provided by National Science Foundation grants 0927615, 0751771, 0813861
(WES, KD).
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 32
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
BP 255
EP 258
DI 10.1130/G35079.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AD4TQ
UT WOS:000333244000030
ER
PT J
AU Tramontina, D
Erhart, P
Germann, T
Hawreliak, J
Higginbotham, A
Park, N
Ravelo, R
Stukowski, A
Suggit, M
Tang, YZ
Wark, J
Bringa, E
AF Tramontina, Diego
Erhart, Paul
Germann, Timothy
Hawreliak, James
Higginbotham, Andrew
Park, Nigel
Ravelo, Ramon
Stukowski, Alexander
Suggit, Mathew
Tang, Yizhe
Wark, Justin
Bringa, Eduardo
TI Molecular dynamics simulations of shock-induced plasticity in tantalum
SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Tantalum; Molecular dynamics; Shocks
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL COPPER; BCC METALS; VOID GROWTH; STRAIN-RATE;
NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; FCC METALS;
DEFORMATION; TA; COMPRESSION
AB We present Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (NEMD) simulations of shock wave compression along the [001] direction in monocrystalline Tantalum, including pre-existing defects which act as dislocation sources. We use a new Embedded Atom Model (EAM) potential and study the nucleation and evolution of dislocations as a function of shock pressure and loading rise time. We find that the flow stress and dislocation density behind the shock front depend on strain rate. We find excellent agreement with recent experimental results on strength and recovered microstructure, which goes from dislocations to a mixture of dislocations and twins, to twinning dominated response, as the shock pressure increases. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tramontina, Diego] Agencia Nacl Promoc Cient & Tecnol, Caba, Argentina.
[Tramontina, Diego; Bringa, Eduardo] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Inst Ciencias Basicas, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
[Erhart, Paul; Hawreliak, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Germann, Timothy; Ravelo, Ramon] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Higginbotham, Andrew; Suggit, Mathew; Wark, Justin] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Park, Nigel] AWE, Mat Modeling Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England.
[Ravelo, Ramon] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Ravelo, Ramon] Univ Texas El Paso, Mat Res Inst, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Stukowski, Alexander] Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Tang, Yizhe] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Bringa, Eduardo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Erhart, Paul] Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Bringa, E (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cuyo, Inst Ciencias Basicas, M5502JMA, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
EM ebringa@yahoo.com
RI Tang, Yizhe/A-2603-2014; Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011; Tramontina,
Diego/J-4528-2014; Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011;
OI Tang, Yizhe/0000-0002-2744-3819; Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061;
Tramontina, Diego/0000-0001-5356-6719; Stukowski,
Alexander/0000-0001-6750-3401; Germann, Timothy/0000-0002-6813-238X
FU ANCyT [PICT2008-1325]; SecTyP-U.N. Cuyo [06/M035]; EPSRC [P/J017256/1];
Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0476]; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Swedish Research Council
(VR); Area of Advanced Materials at Chalmers
FX D. Tramontina and E.M. Bringa were funded by projects PICT2008-1325 from
the ANCyT and 06/M035 from SecTyP-U.N. Cuyo. We thank R. Rudd, B.
Remington, M.A. Meyers, B.L. Holian and C.J. Ruestes for useful and
stimulating discussions. A. Higginbotham acknowledges support from AWE.
M. Suggit and J.S. Wark acknowledge support from EPSRC under grant
P/J017256/1. R. Ravelo acknowledges support from the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research under Award FA9550-12-1-0476. Work at Los Alamos was
performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. P. Erhart acknowledges support
from the Swedish Research Council (VR) and the Area of Advanced
Materials at Chalmers.
NR 80
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1818
EI 1878-0563
J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS
JI High Energy Density Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
BP 9
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.10.007
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0DO
UT WOS:000332904900002
ER
PT J
AU Kritcher, AL
Doppner, T
Swift, D
Hawreliak, J
Collins, G
Nilsen, J
Bachmann, B
Dewald, E
Strozzi, D
Felker, S
Landen, OL
Jones, O
Thomas, C
Hammer, J
Keane, C
Lee, HJ
Glenzer, SH
Rothman, S
Chapman, D
Kraus, D
Neumayer, P
Falcone, RW
AF Kritcher, A. L.
Doeppner, T.
Swift, D.
Hawreliak, J.
Collins, G.
Nilsen, J.
Bachmann, B.
Dewald, E.
Strozzi, D.
Felker, S.
Landen, O. L.
Jones, O.
Thomas, C.
Hammer, J.
Keane, C.
Lee, H. J.
Glenzer, S. H.
Rothman, S.
Chapman, D.
Kraus, D.
Neumayer, P.
Falcone, R. W.
TI Probing matter at Gbar pressures at the NIF
SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray scattering; X-ray radiography; Gbar; Thomson scattering; Compton
scattering; Shock compression
ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; RAY THOMSON SCATTERING; SIMULATIONS;
TARGETS; PLASMAS
AB We describe a platform to measure the material properties, specifically the equation of state and electron temperature, at pressures of 100 Mbar to a Gbar at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In these experiments we launch spherically convergent shock waves into solid CH, CD, or diamond samples using a hohlraum radiation drive, in an indirect drive laser geometry. X-ray radiography is applied to measure the shock speed and infer the mass density profile, enabling determination of the material pressure and Hugoniot equation of state. X-ray scattering is applied to measure the electron temperature through probing of the electron velocity distribution via Doppler broadening. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Kritcher, A. L.; Doeppner, T.; Swift, D.; Hawreliak, J.; Collins, G.; Nilsen, J.; Bachmann, B.; Dewald, E.; Strozzi, D.; Felker, S.; Landen, O. L.; Jones, O.; Thomas, C.; Hammer, J.; Keane, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Lee, H. J.; Glenzer, S. H.] SLAC Accelerator Natl Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Rothman, S.; Chapman, D.] Atom Weap Estab, Reading, Berks, England.
[Kraus, D.; Falcone, R. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Neumayer, P.] GSI Darmstadt, EMMI, Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Kritcher, AL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM kritcher2@llnl.gov
OI Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
[13-ERD-073]; SSAA program [DE-FG52-06NA26212]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and supported by Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Grant No. 13-ERD-073. RWF acknowledges support from SSAA
program Contract No.DE-FG52-06NA26212.
NR 43
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1818
EI 1878-0563
J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS
JI High Energy Density Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
BP 27
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.11.002
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0DO
UT WOS:000332904900004
ER
PT J
AU Starrett, CE
Saumon, D
AF Starrett, C. E.
Saumon, D.
TI A simple method for determining the ionic structure of warm dense matter
SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Average atom; Pair distribution function; Warm dense matter; Dense
plasmas
ID RAY THOMSON SCATTERING; PRESSURE IONIZATION; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ATOM
MODEL; CELL MODEL; PLASMAS; HYDROGEN; METALS; APPROXIMATION; TEMPERATURE
AB A model for dense homo-nuclear plasmas that couples an average atom model for the calculation of the electronic structure to the quantum Ornstein-Zernike equations describing the ionic structure is summarized and described pedagogically. The model is applied to the calculation of ion-ion pair distribution functions g(II)(r) for tungsten in the warm and hot dense matter regimes. These results are compared to orbital-free molecular dynamics simulations and excellent agreement is found. Calculations of g(II)(r) with a simple version of the model (which we call the ion-sphere model) are in remarkable agreement with those of the full model. This ion-sphere model provides a simple and efficient method of calculating accurate g(II)(r) for warm and hot dense matter for many applications involving low- to high-Z elements with a modest investment of effort. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Starrett, C. E.; Saumon, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Starrett, CE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM starrett@lanl.gov
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We thank J. Clerouin for providing the OFMD data. This work was
performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 63
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1818
EI 1878-0563
J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS
JI High Energy Density Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
BP 35
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.12.001
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0DO
UT WOS:000332904900005
ER
PT J
AU Fontes, CJ
Eriksen, KA
Colgan, J
Zhang, HL
Hughes, JP
AF Fontes, C. J.
Eriksen, K. A.
Colgan, J.
Zhang, H. L.
Hughes, J. P.
TI Spectral modeling of supernova remnants
SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic data; Collisional-radiative modeling; X-ray spectra; Supernova
remnant
ID FINITE-DENSITY PLASMAS; ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; ATOMIC DATA;
RECOMBINATION DATA; IONS; ELEMENTS; XXIII
AB We report on recent efforts to generate high quality, self-consistent atomic physics models for L-shell ion stages for iron and the use of these data in collisional-radiative modeling of X-ray spectra of supernova remnants. As a specific example, we present comparisons between observed and theoretical X-ray spectra produced by Tycho's supernova remnant. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fontes, C. J.; Zhang, H. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Eriksen, K. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Design Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Colgan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hughes, J. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Fontes, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM cjf@lanl.gov
OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract no.
DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1818
EI 1878-0563
J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS
JI High Energy Density Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
BP 43
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.10.001
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0DO
UT WOS:000332904900006
ER
PT J
AU Armstrong, GSJ
Colgan, J
Kilcrease, DP
Magee, NH
AF Armstrong, G. S. J.
Colgan, J.
Kilcrease, D. P.
Magee, N. H., Jr.
TI Ab initio calculation of the non-relativistic free-free Gaunt factor
incorporating plasma screening
SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gaunt factor; Inverse-bremsstrahlung; Opacities
ID TEMPERATURE STELLAR PLASMA; OPACITIES
AB We present calculations of Gaunt factors for free free absorption over a wide range of temperatures and densities. The calculations employ a partial wave expansion approach, which is able to account for plasma screening within the calculation of the free free Gaunt factor. Much of the existing Gaunt factor data pertains to hydrogenic systems, and plasma screening is often incorporated in opacity calculations using approximate methods. The use of a more accurate method allows us to determine the accuracy of such approximations in calculations of the free free monochromatic and mean opacities. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Armstrong, G. S. J.; Colgan, J.; Kilcrease, D. P.; Magee, N. H., Jr.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Armstrong, GSJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM gregorya@lanl.gov
OI Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858; Kilcrease, David/0000-0002-2319-5934
FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC5206NA25396]
FX We would like to thank Brian Wilson of Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory for providing us with a copy of Joe Green's BREM IV code. The
Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National
Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC5206NA25396.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1818
EI 1878-0563
J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS
JI High Energy Density Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
BP 61
EP 69
DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.10.005
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0DO
UT WOS:000332904900009
ER
PT J
AU Zatz, IJ
Youchison, DL
Bosch, HS
Cary, WP
AF Zatz, Irving J.
Youchison, Dennis L.
Bosch, Hans-Stephan
Cary, William P.
TI Foreword to the Special Issue on the 25th Symposium on Fusion
Engineering (SOFE 2013)
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Zatz, Irving J.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Youchison, Dennis L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Bosch, Hans-Stephan] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, Greifswald, Germany.
[Cary, William P.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Zatz, IJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
EM zatz@pppl.gov; dlyouch@sandia.gov; bosch@ipp.mpg.de; cary@fusion.gat.com
RI Bosch, Hans-Stephan/F-9527-2015;
OI Youchison, Dennis/0000-0002-7366-1710
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 399
EP 401
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2305476
PN 1
PG 3
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400001
ER
PT J
AU Hyatt, A
Humphreys, DA
Welander, A
Eidietis, N
Ferron, JR
Johnson, R
Kolemen, E
Lanctot, M
Penaflor, B
Turco, F
Walker, ML
Coon, R
Qian, JP
AF Hyatt, Alan
Humphreys, Dave A.
Welander, Anders
Eidietis, Nicholas
Ferron, John R.
Johnson, Robert
Kolemen, Egemen
Lanctot, Matthew
Penaflor, Benjamin
Turco, Francesca
Walker, Mike L.
Coon, Robert
Qian, Jinping
TI Designing, Constructing, and Using Plasma Control System Algorithms on
DIII-D
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Algorithm; conditional; control; digital; model; plasma; simulation;
tokamak
ID RECONSTRUCTION; TOKAMAK
AB The DIII-D plasma control system (PCS), initially deployed in the early 1990s, now controls nearly all aspects of the tokamak and plasma environment. Versions of this PCS, supported by General Atomics, are presently used to control several tokamaks around the world, including the superconducting tokamaks Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak and Korean Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research. The experimental challenges posed by the advanced tokamak mission of DIII-D and the variety of devices supported by the PCS have driven the development of a rich array of control algorithms, along with a powerful set of tools for algorithm design and testing. Broadly speaking, the PCS mission is to utilize all available sensors, measurements, and actuators to safely produce a plasma state trajectory leading to and then maintaining the desired experimental conditions. Often new physics understanding leads to new or modified control requirements that use existing actuators in new ways. We describe several important DIII-D PCS design and test tools that support implementation and optimization of algorithms. We describe selected algorithms and the ways they fit within the PCS architecture, which in turn allows great flexibility in designing, constructing, and using the algorithms to reliably produce a desired complex experimental environment. Control algorithms, PCS interfaces, and design and testing tools are described from the perspective of the physics operator (PO), who must operate the PCS to achieve experimental goals and maximize physics productivity of the tokamak. For example, from a POs (and experimental team leader's) standpoint, a PCS algorithm interface that offers maximum actuator, algorithmic, and measurement configuration flexibility is most likely to produce a successful experimental outcome. However, proper constraints that limit flexibility in use of the PCS can also help to maximize effectiveness. For example, device limits and safety must be built into the PCS, sometimes at the algorithm level. We show how the DIII-D PCS toolset enables rapid offline testing of a new or modified algorithm in a simulated tokamak environment. Finally, we illustrate usage of PCS-based checklists and procedures that enhance experimental productivity, and we describe an asynchronous condition detector system within the PCS that enhances device safety and enables complex experiment design.
C1 [Hyatt, Alan; Humphreys, Dave A.; Welander, Anders; Eidietis, Nicholas; Ferron, John R.; Johnson, Robert; Lanctot, Matthew; Penaflor, Benjamin; Walker, Mike L.; Coon, Robert] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Kolemen, Egemen] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Turco, Francesca] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Qian, Jinping] ASIPP, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
RP Hyatt, A (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
EM hyatt@fusion.gat.com; humphreys@fusion.gat.com; welander@fusion.gat.com;
eidietis@fusion.gat.com; ferron@fusion.gat.com; johnsonb@fusion.gat.com;
ekolemen@pppl.gov; lanctot@fusion.gat.com; penaflor@fusion.gat.com;
turco@fusion.gat.com; walker@fusion.gat.com; coon@fusion.gat.com;
jpqian@ipp.ac.cn
RI Lanctot, Matthew J/O-4979-2016
OI Lanctot, Matthew J/0000-0002-7396-3372
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC-02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CH11466,
DE-FG0204ER54761]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-FC-02-04ER54698, Contract DE-AC02-09CH11466, and Contract
DE-FG0204ER54761.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 421
EP 426
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2303896
PN 1
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400004
ER
PT J
AU Risse, K
Fullenbach, F
Rummel, T
Mardenfeld, M
Zhao, X
AF Risse, Konrad
Fuellenbach, Frank
Rummel, Thomas
Mardenfeld, Michael
Zhao, Xin
TI Wendelstein 7-X Trim Coils-Component Safety Aspects and Commissioning
Strategy
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Coils; field correction; magnetic field; stellarator
AB The stellarator fusion experiment Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is currently under construction at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik in Greifswald, Germany. Five normal conducting trim coils have been designed to allow for fine tuning of the main magnetic field during plasma operation. To limit the mechanical stresses in the coil, the proper functioning of the coil cooling system must be carefully monitored. Two independent systems will monitor the coil temperature. In addition, flow monitors in the outlet hydraulic line of each coil will determine if the required cooling water flow is present. The trim coil system will be provided as a part of a collaboration program between the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the Wendelstein 7-X project, and is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.
C1 [Risse, Konrad; Fuellenbach, Frank; Rummel, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.
[Mardenfeld, Michael; Zhao, Xin] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Risse, K (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.
EM konrad.risse@ipp.mpg.de; frank.fuellenbach@ipp.mpg.de;
thomas.rummel@ipp.mpg.de; mmarden@pppl.gov
FU Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S.
Department of Energy
FX This work was supported in part by the Princeton Plasma Physics
Laboratory, in part by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and in part by
the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 449
EP 452
DI 10.1109/TPS.2013.2294341
PN 1
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400009
ER
PT J
AU Neilson, GH
Gates, DA
Heitzenroeder, PJ
Breslau, J
Prager, SC
Stevenson, T
Titus, P
Williams, MD
Zarnstorff, MC
AF Neilson, George H.
Gates, David A.
Heitzenroeder, Philip J.
Breslau, Joshua
Prager, Stewart C.
Stevenson, Timothy
Titus, Peter
Williams, Michael D.
Zarnstorff, Michael C.
TI Next Steps in Quasi-Axisymmetric Stellarator Research
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Stellarators; strategic planning
ID NCSX; TRANSPORT; DESIGN
AB The quasi-axisymmetric (QA) stellarator, a 3-D magnetic configuration with close connections to tokamaks, offers solutions for a steady state, disruption-free fusion system. A new experimental facility, QUASAR, provides a rapid approach to the next step in QA development, an integrated experimental test of its physics properties, taking advantage of the designs, fabricated components, and detailed assembly plans developed for the NCSX project. A scenario is presented for constructing the QUASAR facility for physics research operations starting in 2019. Operating in deuterium, such a facility would investigate the scale-up in size and pulse length from QUASAR, while a suitably equipped version operating in deuterium-tritium (DT) could address fusion nuclear missions. New QA optimization strategies, aimed at improved engineering attractiveness, would also be tested.
C1 [Neilson, George H.; Gates, David A.; Heitzenroeder, Philip J.; Breslau, Joshua; Prager, Stewart C.; Stevenson, Timothy; Titus, Peter; Williams, Michael D.; Zarnstorff, Michael C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Neilson, GH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
EM hneilson@pppl.gov; dgates@pppl.gov; pheitzen@pppl.gov;
jbreslau@pppl.gov; sprager@pppl.gov; tstevenson@pppl.gov;
ptitus@pppl.gov; mwilliams@pppl.gov; mzarnstorff@pppl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Princeton University [DE-AC02 09CH11466]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Princeton
University, under Contract DE-AC02 09CH11466.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 489
EP 494
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2298870
PN 1
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400015
ER
PT J
AU Lore, JD
Andreeva, T
Boscary, J
Bozhenkov, S
Geiger, J
Harris, JH
Hoelbe, H
Lumsdaine, A
McGinnis, D
Peacock, A
Tipton, J
AF Lore, Jeremy D.
Andreeva, Tamara
Boscary, Jean
Bozhenkov, Sergey
Geiger, Joachim
Harris, Jeffrey H.
Hoelbe, Hauke
Lumsdaine, Arnold
McGinnis, Dean
Peacock, Alan
Tipton, Joseph
TI Design and Analysis of Divertor Scraper Elements for the W7-X
Stellarator
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Divertor; heat flux; island divertor (ID); stellarator; Wendelstein 7-X
(W7-X)
ID ISLAND DIVERTORS; PLASMA; EQUILIBRIA
AB A set of new water-cooled divertor components is being designed for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator to protect the edges of the primary plasma facing components during the bootstrap current evolution (similar to 40 s). These new components, referred to as scraper elements (SEs), will intercept field lines and associated heat flux that would otherwise overload the main target edges in certain operational scenarios. The SEs are calculated to experience peak heat fluxes similar to 15-16 MW/m(2) and will be constructed from carbon fiber reinforced composite monoblocks of a type that has been qualified for ITER. The heat flux distribution and magnitude is calculated from field line following in a 3-D magnetic field that includes the contribution from plasma currents. The heat flux calculations are coupled with an engineering design in an iterative process to generate SEs that meet the design criteria while reducing the geometric complexity of the elements.
C1 [Lore, Jeremy D.; Harris, Jeffrey H.; Lumsdaine, Arnold; McGinnis, Dean] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Andreeva, Tamara; Boscary, Jean; Geiger, Joachim; Hoelbe, Hauke] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany.
[Boscary, Jean; Peacock, Alan] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Tipton, Joseph] Univ Evansville, Evansville, IN 47714 USA.
RP Lore, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM lorejd@ornl.gov; tamara.andreeva@ipp.mpg.de; jean.boscary@ipp.mpg.de;
Sergey.Bozhenkov@ipp.mpg.de; joachim.geiger@ipp.mpg.de;
harrisjh@ornl.gov; hauke.hoelbe@ipp.mpg.de; lumsdainea@ornl.gov;
mcgin-niswd@ornl.gov; alan.peacock@ipp.mpg.de; tiptonjb@ornl.gov
OI Tipton, Joseph/0000-0002-1978-1076; Lore, Jeremy/0000-0002-9192-465X
FU UT-Battelle, LLC through the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was supported by UT-Battelle, LLC, through the U.S. Department
of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 539
EP 544
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2303649
PN 1
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400022
ER
PT J
AU Lumsdaine, A
Boscary, J
Clark, E
Ekici, K
Harris, J
McGinnis, D
Lore, JD
Peacock, A
Tipton, J
Tretter, J
AF Lumsdaine, Arnold
Boscary, Jean
Clark, Emily
Ekici, Kivanc
Harris, Jeffrey
McGinnis, Dean
Lore, Jeremy D.
Peacock, Alan
Tipton, Joseph
Tretter, Joerg
TI Modeling and Analysis of the W7-X High Heat-Flux Divertor Scraper
Element
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Divertor; heat flux; stellarator; Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X)
ID TWISTED-TAPE INSERTS
AB The Wendelstein 7-X stellarator experiment is scheduled for the completion of device commissioning and the start of first plasma in 2015. At the completion of the first two operational phases, the inertially cooled test divertor unit will be replaced with an actively cooled high heat-flux divertor, which will enable the device to increase its pulse length to steady-state plasma performance. Plasma simulations show that the evolution of bootstrap current in certain plasma scenarios produce excessive heat fluxes on the edge of the divertor targets. It is proposed to place an additional scraper element in the 10 divertor locations to intercept some of the plasma flux and reduce the heat load on these divertor edge elements. Each scraper element may experience a 500-kW steady-state power load, with localized heat fluxes as high as 20 MW/m(2). Computational analysis has been performed to examine the thermal integrity of the scraper element. The peak temperature in the carbon-carbon fiber composite, the total pressure drop in the cooling water, and the increase in water temperature must all be examined to stay within specific design limits. Computational fluid dynamics modeling is performed to examine the flow paths through the multiple monoblock fingers as well as the thermal transfer through the monoblock swirl tube channels.
C1 [Lumsdaine, Arnold; Harris, Jeffrey; McGinnis, Dean; Lore, Jeremy D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Boscary, Jean; Peacock, Alan; Tretter, Joerg] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Clark, Emily; Ekici, Kivanc] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Tipton, Joseph] Univ Evansville, Evansville, IN 47714 USA.
RP Lumsdaine, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM lumsdainea@ornl.gov; jean.boscary@ipp.mpg.de; ebuckman@utk.edu;
ekici@utk.edu; harrisjh@ornl.gov; mcginniswd@ornl.gov; lorejd@ornl.gov;
alan.peacock@ipp.mpg.de; tiptonjb@ornl.gov; joerg.tretter@ipp.mpg.de
OI Tipton, Joseph/0000-0002-1978-1076; Lore, Jeremy/0000-0002-9192-465X
FU UT-Battelle, LLC through the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was supported by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725 through the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 545
EP 551
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2304695
PN 1
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400023
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LH
Vieira, R
Harrison, S
Karnes, D
Lipschultz, B
AF Zhou, Lihua
Vieira, Rui
Harrison, Soren
Karnes, Dan
Lipschultz, Bruce
TI Thermal FEA for Alcator C-Mod Advanced Outer Divertor
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Alcator C-Mod; heat transfer; outer divertor; plasma; thermal; tokamak
ID UPGRADE
AB An advanced outer divertor is being developed for Alcator C-Mod to study reactor fuel (tritium) retention and plasma wall material interaction physics at reactor temperatures with high power long-pulse discharges. The divertor will be operated at controlled temperature of 600 degrees C. To achieve this goal, the divertor will be structurally and electrically continuous along the toroidal direction, requiring it to expand radially as temperature increases. This paper describes the thermal finite element analysis (FEA) and results of the outer divertor. There are four aspects, with focus on the A-Frame assembly. First of all, a one twentieth module of the full divertor is composed of divertor tiles, tile mounting plate, heaters, divertor gusset, A-Frame support, spherical bearings, bracket, halo current shunt, vessel gusset, and so on. By adjusting the power of each of the seven toroidal divertor heaters, the tiles achieve a uniform temperature poloidally with toroidal temperature variation within allowables. The temperature of each component is evaluated, and results are used to support the design changes. Second, radiation simulation on multilayer radiation shields behind divertor plate is presented. Third, radiation simulation of the diverter heater itself is done to understand more details of heat transfer from the heater to the surrounding tiles and support plates. Finally, thermal analysis is completed with a model including a tile and its mounting plate, to predict the effect of plasma heat load on divertor tiles. All the thermal FEA was performed with COMSOL, a commercial FEA software.
C1 [Zhou, Lihua; Vieira, Rui; Lipschultz, Bruce] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Harrison, Soren; Karnes, Dan] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08536 USA.
RP Zhou, LH (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM lihua@psfc.mit.edu; vieira@psfc.mit.edu; harrison1@psfc.mit.edu;
karnes@psfc.mit.edu; blip@psfc.mit.edu
RI Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012
OI Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684
FU U.S. DoE [DE-FC02-99ER54512]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. DoE under Award DE-FC02-99ER54512.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 563
EP 567
DI 10.1109/TPS.2013.2295533
PN 1
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400025
ER
PT J
AU Canik, JM
Gray, TK
Maingi, R
Menard, JE
AF Canik, John M.
Gray, Travis K.
Maingi, Rajesh
Menard, Jon E.
TI Feasibility of Power and Particle Handling in an ST-FNSF and the Effects
of Divertor Geometry
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 25th Symposium on Fusion Engineering (SOFE)
CY JUN 10-14, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
DE Divertor; fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF)
ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; PLASMA PARAMETERS; B2-EIRENE; ITER
AB A spherical tokamak (ST) configuration is attractive as the basis for a fusion nuclear science facility (FNSF), due to its small size and relatively low cost. However, the compactness of the ST also exacerbates the power and particle handling problems anticipated in next-step devices, since local fluxes are higher and less space is available for optimizing plasma-facing components. On the other hand, novel divertor geometries that have recently been developed such as the snowflake and super-X divertors can be especially effective at reducing heat fluxes in an ST, helping to meet the exhaust challenge. Here, we present an analysis of the power and particle handling requirements of a candidate ST-FNSF, based on 0-D exhaust projections as well as 2-D edge plasma modeling using the SOLPS code. Both conventional and novel divertor geometries are considered. These show that, for reasonable assumptions on cross-field transport, operating points can be identified that are consistent with both core plasma operation and power and particle exhaust requirements, and these operating points are more easily accessible with novel divertors.
C1 [Canik, John M.; Gray, Travis K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Maingi, Rajesh; Menard, Jon E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Canik, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM canikjm@ornl.gov; tkgray@pppl.gov; rmaingi@pppl.gov; jmenard@pppl.gov
OI Gray, Travis/0000-0001-8220-8195; Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681;
Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and
Contract DE-AC02-09CH11466.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
SI SI
BP 573
EP 579
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2304679
PN 1
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZM
UT WOS:000332963400027
ER
PT J
AU Statom, TK
AF Statom, T. K.
TI Pulsed Discharge Irradiance Reaction Identification
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric-pressure plasmas; electric breakdown; plasma chemistry;
radiometry
ID RADIOMETRY; SATELLITE; PRESSURE; HELIUM; PLASMA
AB This paper presents the application of a theoretically developed method, which when applied to a pulsed irradiance signal can provide information about the underlying chemical kinetics and reaction dynamics. The theoretical development uses a combination of state-space, Laplace transform, least-square, and correlation techniques to determine chemical kinetic and reaction dynamic terms from a pulsed discharge. The waveform irradiance signals come from a space-based optical radiometer. Four pulsed radiometry irradiance waveforms are examined where the reaction order, rate constant, and reaction rates are investigated. The application of the theory and the commensurate results demonstrate that irradiance signals obtained under similar circumstances come from distinct pulsed discharge conditions.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
RP Statom, TK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA.
EM tstatom@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0093-3813
EI 1939-9375
J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 3
BP 833
EP 838
DI 10.1109/TPS.2014.2301275
PN 2
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AD0ZV
UT WOS:000332964400020
ER
PT J
AU Hanna, E
Fettweis, X
Mernild, SH
Cappelen, J
Ribergaard, MH
Shuman, CA
Steffen, K
Wood, L
Mote, TL
AF Hanna, Edward
Fettweis, Xavier
Mernild, Sebastian H.
Cappelen, John
Ribergaard, Mads H.
Shuman, Christopher A.
Steffen, Konrad
Wood, Len
Mote, Thomas L.
TI Atmospheric and oceanic climate forcing of the exceptional Greenland ice
sheet surface melt in summer 2012
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; global warming; Greenland; surface melt extent;
temperature
ID MODEL MAR; RUNOFF; SYSTEM; EXTENT
AB The NASA announcement of record surface melting of the Greenland ice sheet in July 2012 led us to examine the atmospheric and oceanic climatic anomalies that are likely to have contributed to these exceptional conditions and also to ask the question of how unusual these anomalies were compared to available records. Our analysis allows us to assess the relative contributions of these two key influences to both the extreme melt event and ongoing climate change. In 2012, as in recent warm summers since 2007, a blocking high pressure feature, associated with negative NAO conditions, was present in the mid-troposphere over Greenland for much of the summer. This circulation pattern advected relatively warm southerly winds over the western flank of the ice sheet, forming a heat dome' over Greenland that led to the widespread surface melting. Both sea-surface temperature and sea-ice cover anomalies seem to have played a minimal role in this record melt, relative to atmospheric circulation. Two representative coastal climatological station averages and several individual stations in south, west and north-west Greenland set new surface air temperature records for May, June, July and the whole (JJA) summer. The unusually warm summer 2012 conditions extended to the top of the ice sheet at Summit, where our reanalysed (1994-2012) DMI Summit weather station summer (JJA) temperature series set new record high mean and extreme temperatures in 2012; 3-hourly instantaneous 2-m temperatures reached an exceptional value of 2.2 degrees C at Summit on 11 July 2012. These conditions translated into the record observed ice-sheet wide melt during summer 2012. However, 2012 seems not to be climatically representative of future average' summers projected this century.
C1 [Hanna, Edward] Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Fettweis, Xavier] Univ Liege, Dept Geog, Climatol Lab, Liege, Belgium.
[Mernild, Sebastian H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modelling Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Mernild, Sebastian H.] Ctr Estudios Cient, Ctr Sci Studies, Glaciol & Climate Change Lab, Valdivia, Chile.
[Cappelen, John] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Ribergaard, Mads H.] Danish Meteorol Inst, Ctr Ocean & Ice, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Shuman, Christopher A.] Univ Maryland, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Shuman, Christopher A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Steffen, Konrad] WSL, Swiss Fed Res Inst, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Steffen, Konrad] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmosphere & Climate, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Steffen, Konrad] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Wood, Len] Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
[Mote, Thomas L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Hanna, E (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
EM ehanna@sheffield.ac.uk
RI Steffen, Konrad/C-6027-2013; Hanna, Edward/H-2219-2016;
OI Steffen, Konrad/0000-0001-8658-1026; Hanna, Edward/0000-0002-8683-182X;
Fettweis, Xavier/0000-0002-4140-3813; Mote, Thomas/0000-0002-0021-0134
FU NASA MEaSUREs program; Climate Change Prediction Program; Scientific
Discovery for Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program within the U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory
(LANL) Director's Fellowship; LANL Institute for Geophysics and
Planetary Physics; NASA's Cryospheric Program; Danish Agency for
Science, Technology and Innovation
FX NASA MEaSUREs program supported the passive microwave surface melt
product produced at the University of Georgia. The SnowModel work was
supported by the Climate Change Prediction Program and Scientific
Discovery for Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program within the U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory
(LANL) Director's Fellowship, and LANL Institute for Geophysics and
Planetary Physics. Thanks to the Program for Monitoring of the Greenland
Ice Sheet (PROMICE), Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, the
Danish Meteorological Institute, the University of Utrecht, and the
Greenland Climate Network (GC-Net) and the University of Colorado at
Boulder for providing meteorological station observations. The GC-Net
has been supported by NASA's Cryospheric Program with additional
logistic support by the US-NSF Office of Polar Program. NOAA
near-surface air temperature data are courtesy of Thomas Mefford (NOAA
Earth System Research Laboratory Boulder, Colorado and Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado
at Boulder) with additional processing by CAS and Michael J. Schnaubelt
(University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Joint Center for Earth
Systems Technology and Department of Physics, Baltimore, Maryland). The
study received financial support from the Danish Agency for Science,
Technology and Innovation and is a part of the Greenland Climate
Research Centre. NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data (Kalnay et al., 1996) plots
were produced using the NOAA/ESRL Physical Sciences Division, Boulder
Colorado website at . NAO Index data (Hurrell et al., 2012) were
provided by the Climate Analysis Section, NCAR, Boulder, USA. SST data
were provided by NOAA/ESRL and NCEP. EH thanks Grant Bigg and Tom
Cropper for useful comments, and Paul Coles for help with drawing
figures.
NR 46
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 4
BP 1022
EP 1037
DI 10.1002/joc.3743
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AC9DG
UT WOS:000332833900007
ER
PT J
AU Kajimoto, M
Atkinson, DB
Ledee, DR
Kayser, EB
Morgan, PG
Sedensky, MM
Isern, NG
Des Rosiers, C
Portman, MA
AF Kajimoto, Masaki
Atkinson, Douglas B.
Ledee, Dolena R.
Kayser, Ernst-Bernhard
Morgan, Phil G.
Sedensky, Margaret M.
Isern, Nancy G.
Des Rosiers, Christine
Portman, Michael A.
TI Propofol compared with isoflurane inhibits mitochondrial metabolism in
immature swine cerebral cortex
SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article
DE anesthesia; energy metabolism; glucose; mitochondria; MR spectroscopy
ID EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; RAT-BRAIN; EARLY EXPOSURE;
FATTY-ACID; IN-VIVO; ANESTHESIA; OXIDATION; NMR; PHOSPHORYLATION;
SPECTROSCOPY
AB Anesthetics used in infants and children are implicated in the development of neurocognitive disorders. Although propofol induces neuroapoptosis in developing brain, the underlying mechanisms require elucidation and may have an energetic basis. We studied substrate utilization in immature swine anesthetized with either propofol or isoflurane for 4 hours. Piglets were infused with 13Carbon-labeled glucose and leucine in the common carotid artery to assess citric acid cycle (CAC) metabolism in the parietal cortex. The anesthetics produced similar systemic hemodynamics and cerebral oxygen saturation by near-infrared spectroscopy. Compared with isoflurane, propofol depleted ATP and glycogen stores. Propofol decreased pools of the CAC intermediates, citrate, and alpha-ketoglutarate, while markedly increasing succinate along with decreasing mitochondrial complex II activity. Propofol also inhibited acetyl-CoA entry into the CAC through pyruvate dehydrogenase, while promoting glycolytic flux with marked lactate accumulation. Although oxygen supply appeared similar between the anesthetic groups, propofol yielded a metabolic phenotype that resembled a hypoxic state. Propofol impairs substrate flux through the CAC in the immature cerebral cortex. These impairments occurred without systemic metabolic perturbations that typically accompany propofol infusion syndrome. These metabolic abnormalities may have a role in the neurotoxity observed with propofol in the vulnerable immature brain.
C1 [Kajimoto, Masaki; Atkinson, Douglas B.; Ledee, Dolena R.; Kayser, Ernst-Bernhard; Morgan, Phil G.; Sedensky, Margaret M.; Portman, Michael A.] Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Dev Therapeut, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Isern, Nancy G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Des Rosiers, Christine] Univ Montreal, Dept Nutr, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
[Des Rosiers, Christine] Montreal Heart Inst, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada.
[Portman, Michael A.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Portman, MA (reprint author), Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Dev Therapeut, 1900 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
EM michael.portman@seattlechildrens.org
RI Des Rosiers, Christine/O-6285-2014
FU National Institutes of Health [R01HL60666]
FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health R01HL60666
to MA Portman. A portion of the research was performed using
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 40
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 9
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0271-678X
EI 1559-7016
J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET
JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 3
BP 514
EP 521
DI 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.229
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA AC2QD
UT WOS:000332348100019
PM 24398942
ER
PT J
AU Lu, J
Sun, LT
Wu, YT
Chen, G
AF Lu, Jian
Sun, Lantao
Wu, Yutian
Chen, Gang
TI The Role of Subtropical Irreversible PV Mixing in the Zonal Mean
Circulation Response to Global Warming-Like Thermal Forcing
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Wave breaking; Potential vorticity; Hadley circulation; Annular mode;
Atmospheric circulation
ID ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL-CIRCULATION; AMPLITUDE WAVE ACTIVITY; HADLEY-CELL;
VERTICAL STRUCTURE; EDDY DIFFUSIVITY; PLANETARY-WAVES; SOUTHERN-OCEAN;
PART II; MODEL; TROPOSPHERE
AB The atmospheric circulation response to the global warming-like tropical upper tropospheric heating is revisited using a dry atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) in light of new diagnostics based on the concept of finite-amplitude wave activity (FAWA) on equivalent latitude. For a given tropical heating profile, the linear Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) wave refraction analysis sometimes gives a very different and even opposite prediction of the eddy momentum flux response to that of the actual full model simulation, exposing the limitation of the traditional linear approach in understanding the full dynamics of the atmospheric response under global warming. The implementation of the FAWA diagnostics reveals that in response to the upper tropospheric heating, effective diffusivity-a measure of the mixing efficiency-increases and advances upward and poleward in the subtropics and the resultant enhancement and the poleward encroachment of eddy potential vorticity mixing leads to a poleward displaced potential vorticity (PV) gradient peak in the upper troposphere. The anomalous eddy PV flux, in balance with the PV dissipation, gives rise to a poleward shift in the eddy-driven jet and eddy-driven mean meridional circulation. Sensitivity experiments show that these irreversible dissipation processes in the upper troposphere are robust, regardless of the width of the tropical heating.
C1 [Lu, Jian] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Sun, Lantao] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Wu, Yutian] NYU, New York, NY USA.
[Chen, Gang] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY USA.
RP Lu, J (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM jian.lu@pnnl.gov
RI Chen, Gang/I-3305-2012; Sun, Lantao/D-9948-2015
OI Chen, Gang/0000-0003-4934-1909; Sun, Lantao/0000-0001-8578-9175
FU NSF [ATM-1064045, ATM-1064079]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department
of Energy as part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program;
Battelle Memoiral Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX JL acknowledges Edwin Schneider for his internal review when the more
primitive version of the manuscript was published as an internal
technical report at COLA. The manuscript also benefited sub-stantively
from the very constructive comments from Nili Harnik and Gwendal Riviere
and a third anonymous reviewer. JL is supported by NSF Grant ATM-1064045
and partly by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as
part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program. The Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memoiral
Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. LS and GC are supported by
NSF Grant ATM-1064079.
NR 50
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 6
BP 2297
EP 2316
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00372.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AC7CO
UT WOS:000332684800005
ER
PT J
AU Landu, K
Leung, LR
Hagos, S
Vinoj, V
Rauscher, SA
Ringler, T
Taylor, M
AF Landu, Kiranmayi
Leung, L. Ruby
Hagos, Samson
Vinoj, V.
Rauscher, Sara A.
Ringler, Todd
Taylor, Mark
TI The Dependence of ITCZ Structure on Model Resolution and Dynamical Core
in Aquaplanet Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Waves, atmospheric; Climate models; Feedback; Intertropical convergence
zone
ID CENTROIDAL VORONOI TESSELLATIONS; INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE;
AQUA-PLANET SIMULATIONS; TROPICAL PRECIPITATION; HADLEY CIRCULATION;
ATMOSPHERIC-MODEL; CLOUDS; ENERGY; TEMPERATURE; SENSITIVITY
AB Aquaplanet simulations using the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4), with the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) and High-Order Method Modeling Environment (HOMME) dynamical cores and using zonally symmetric sea surface temperature (SST) structure are studied to understand the dependence of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) structure on resolution and dynamical core. While all resolutions in HOMME and the low-resolution MPAS-A simulations give a single equatorial peak in zonal mean precipitation, the high-resolution MPAS-A simulations give a double ITCZ with precipitation peaking around 2 degrees-3 degrees on either side of the equator. This study reveals that the structure of ITCZ is dependent on the feedbacks between convection and large-scale circulation. It is shown that the difference in specific humidity between HOMME and MPAS-A can lead to different latitudinal distributions of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) by influencing latent heat release by clouds and the upper-tropospheric temperature. With lower specific humidity, the high-resolution MPAS-A simulation has CAPE increasing away from the equator that enhances convection away from the equator and, through a positive feedback on the circulation, results in a double ITCZ structure. In addition, it is shown that the dominance of antisymmetric waves in the model is not enough to cause double ITCZ, and the lateral extent of equatorial waves does not play an important role in determining the width of the ITCZ but rather the latter may influence the former.
C1 [Landu, Kiranmayi; Leung, L. Ruby; Hagos, Samson; Vinoj, V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Rauscher, Sara A.; Ringler, Todd] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Taylor, Mark] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Landu, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM kiranmayi.landu@pnnl.gov
RI Vinoj, V./C-3241-2008
OI Vinoj, V./0000-0001-8573-6073
FU Department of Energy Regional and Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) Program
through the project "Development of frameworks for robust regional
modeling''; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]
FX This study was funded by the Department of Energy Regional and Global
Climate Modeling (RGCM) Program through the project "Development of
frameworks for robust regional modeling.'' We thank Prof. Eric D.
Maloney of Colorado State University for constructive discussions on
analysis of the equatorial waves. We thank Dr. Jin-Ho Yoon for
constructive reviews in improving the quality of the manuscript. Thanks
also go to Dr. Hui Wan at PNNL for insightful discussions. PNNL is
operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830.
NR 41
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 6
BP 2375
EP 2385
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00269.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AC7CO
UT WOS:000332684800010
ER
PT J
AU Slysz, GW
Steinke, L
Ward, DM
Klatt, CG
Clauss, TRW
Purvine, SO
Payne, SH
Anderson, GA
Smith, RD
Lipton, MS
AF Slysz, Gordon W.
Steinke, Laurey
Ward, David M.
Klatt, Christian G.
Clauss, Therese R. W.
Purvine, Samuel O.
Payne, Samuel H.
Anderson, Gordon A.
Smith, Richard D.
Lipton, Mary S.
TI Automated Data Extraction from In Situ Protein-Stable Isotope Probing
Studies
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE stable isotope probing; C-13 labeling; carbon metabolism; proteomics;
bioinformatics; metaproteomics
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; H/D EXCHANGE-MS; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; MICROBIAL
COMMUNITIES; SOFTWARE PACKAGE; PROTEOMICS DATA; ACCURATE MASS;
SPECTROMETRY; SIP; QUANTIFICATION
AB Protein-stable isotope probing (protein-SIP) has strong potential for revealing key metabolizing taxa in complex microbial communities. While most protein-SIP work to date has been performed under controlled laboratory conditions to allow extensive isotope labeling of the target organism(s), a key application will be in situ studies of microbial communities for short periods of time under natural conditions that result in small degrees of partial labeling. One hurdle restricting large-scale in situ protein-SIP studies is the lack of algorithms and software for automated data processing of the massive data sets resulting from such studies. In response, we developed Stable Isotope Probing Protein Extraction Resources software (SIPPER) and applied it for large-scale extraction and visualization of data from short-term (3 h) protein-SIP experiments performed in situ on phototrophic bacterial mats isolated from Yellowstone National Park. Several metrics incorporated into the software allow it to support exhaustive analysis of the complex composite isotopic envelope observed as a result of low amounts of partial label incorporation. SIPPER also enables the detection of labeled molecular species without the need for any prior identification.
C1 [Slysz, Gordon W.; Clauss, Therese R. W.; Purvine, Samuel O.; Payne, Samuel H.; Anderson, Gordon A.; Smith, Richard D.; Lipton, Mary S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Steinke, Laurey] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
[Ward, David M.; Klatt, Christian G.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Lipton, MS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM mary.lipton@pnl.gov
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Lipton, Mary/H-3913-2012;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Payne, Samuel/0000-0002-8351-1994
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental
Research (DOE/BER) Genome Sciences Program under the Pan-omics and
Fundamental Science Focus Area projects; National Science Foundation [EF
0805385]; NASA Exobiology Program; NSF IGERT program [DGE 0654336];
Nebraska Research Initiative
FX Portions of this research were supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DOE/BER) Genome
Sciences Program under the Pan-omics and Fundamental Science Focus Area
projects. Work was performed in the Environmental Molecular Science
Laboratory, a DOE/BER national scientific user facility at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. L.S. and D.M.W.
acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation (EF 0805385).
D.M.W. also acknowledges support from the NASA Exobiology Program and
the NSF IGERT program (DGE 0654336). We appreciate the assistance of
Tracy Cheever during the field expedition, and the technical assistance
of Michele Fontaine. The UNMC Protein Structure Core Facility, supported
by the Nebraska Research Initiative, was instrumental in the completion
of this work. This study was conducted under Yellowstone National Park
permits YELL-0129 (D.M.W.) and YELL-0567 (LS.). The authors gratefully
acknowledge the support and assistance of National Park Service
Personnel at Yellowstone National Park.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 3
BP 1200
EP 1210
DI 10.1021/pr400633j
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AC8AV
UT WOS:000332756300004
PM 24467184
ER
PT J
AU Li, Z
Czarnecki, O
Chourey, K
Yang, J
Tuskan, GA
Hurst, GB
Pan, CL
Chen, JG
AF Li, Zhou
Czarnecki, Olaf
Chourey, Karuna
Yang, Jun
Tuskan, Gerald A.
Hurst, Gregory B.
Pan, Chongle
Chen, Jin-Gui
TI Strigolactone-Regulated Proteins Revealed by iTRAQ-Based Quantitative
Proteomics in Arabidopsis
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Arabidopsis; GR24; iTRAQ; MORE AXILLARY GROWTH (MAX); proteomics;
strigolactones
ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; TILLER BUD OUTGROWTH; PHOSPHATE
DEFICIENCY; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; ACTS DOWNSTREAM; PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY;
TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
SEED-GERMINATION
AB Strigolactones (SLs) are a new class of plant hormones. In addition to acting as a key inhibitor of shoot branching, SLs stimulate seed germination of root parasitic plants and promote hyphal branching and root colonization of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. They also regulate many other aspects of plant growth and development. At the transcription level, SL-regulated genes have been reported. However, nothing is known about the proteome regulated by this new class of plant hormones. A quantitative proteomics approach using an isobaric chemical labeling reagent, iTRAQ, to identify the proteome regulated by SLs in Arabidopsis seedlings is presented. It was found that SLs regulate the expression of about three dozen proteins that have not been previously assigned to SL pathways. These findings provide a new tool to investigate the molecular mechanism of action of SLs.
C1 [Li, Zhou; Chourey, Karuna; Hurst, Gregory B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Czarnecki, Olaf; Yang, Jun; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Chen, Jin-Gui] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pan, Chongle] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Li, Zhou] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Chen, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM chenj@ornl.gov
RI Chen, Jin-Gui/A-4773-2011; Li, Zhou/L-7976-2015; Tuskan,
Gerald/A-6225-2011;
OI Chen, Jin-Gui/0000-0002-1752-4201; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289;
Hurst, Gregory/0000-0002-7650-8009; , /0000-0002-9216-3813
FU Plant-Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area in the Genomic Science
Program, United States Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Biological and Environmental Research; United States Department of
Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program (Seed Money Fund) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the Plant-Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus
Area in the Genomic Science Program, United States Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge
National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the United
States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The early
phase of this work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program (Seed Money Fund) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
NR 114
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 81
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 3
BP 1359
EP 1372
DI 10.1021/pr400925t
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AC8AV
UT WOS:000332756300018
PM 24559214
ER
PT J
AU Austin, RA
McDowell, DL
Benson, DJ
AF Austin, Ryan A.
McDowell, David L.
Benson, David J.
TI The deformation and mixing of several Ni/Al powders under shock wave
loading: effects of initial configuration
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE metallic powders; shock wave loading; finite element simulation;
viscoplasticity; reactant mixing; shock ignition
ID INDUCED CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; COMPRESSION
RESPONSE; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; COPPER-POWDER; MIXTURES; MESOSCALE;
ALUMINUM; VELOCITY; NICKEL
AB The shock wave initiation of ultra-fast chemical reactions in inorganic powder mixtures requires the reactants to be blended within the shock front or shortly behind it. As such, the details of particle deformation are crucial to understanding the sequence of events leading up to the shock initiation of these systems. It is known that the initial configuration of a powder (i.e. the mixture composition and particle morphology) can have a significant effect on the degree of mixing that is achieved under shock wave loading. However, it is difficult to fully resolve this mixing behaviour in shock compression experiments due to the time and length scales involved. In this work, the shock wave deformation and mixing of six distinct Ni/Al powders are studied at the particle level using finite element simulation. Attention is focused on the Ni/Al interfaces that are formed since overall mixture reactivity depends on the specific amount of reactant interfacial area and on conditions induced at those interfaces. The analysis reveals (i) a rank ordering of the powders based on reactant interfacial area formation, (ii) a scaling relation for the rate of Ni/Al interface production and (iii) the distributed nature of Ni/Al interface temperature and dislocation density over a range of shock stress. Finally, it is shown that particle velocity differentials tend to develop across Ni/Al interfaces when the compacted powders are reshocked by reflection waves. The velocity differentials stem from the heterogeneity of the aggregates and are hypothesized to drive fragmentation processes that enable ultra-fast reactions on a sub-microsecond time scale.
C1 [Austin, Ryan A.; McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Benson, David J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Austin, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM austin28@llnl.gov
RI Austin, Ryan/J-9003-2014
FU NDSEG; NSF CMMI [0758265]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-635678)]
FX This research was carried out under the support of the NDSEG fellowship
programme and the AFRL Munitions Directorate (Y Horie, technical
monitor). DLM is grateful for the support of the Carter N Paden, Jr
Distinguished Chair in Metals Processing and NSF CMMI grant 0758265 on
Multiresolution, Coarse-Grained Modelling of 3D Dislocation Nucleation
and Migration. This work was performed, in part, under the auspices of
the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-635678).
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 2
AR 025018
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025018
PG 24
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AC9DN
UT WOS:000332834600018
ER
PT J
AU Baskes, MI
Srinivasan, SG
AF Baskes, M. I.
Srinivasan, S. G.
TI The embedded atom method ansatz: validation and violation
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE EAM; DFT; potentials
ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FCC
METALS; IMPURITIES; SURFACES
AB The addition of the embedding energy term to pair interaction contribution has made the embedded atom method (EAM) potentials a simple and vastly superior alternative to popular classical pair potentials. EAM relies on the ansatz that the embedding energy is a function of a linear superposition of spherically averaged atomic electron densities. This ansatz is taken to be self-evident and inviolate. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations of a model face-centered cubic (fcc) Cu system, we systematically investigate the validity of this foundational ansatz of EAM. We conclude that it (1) agrees well with DFT calculations along a path with changing coordination and symmetry, (2) captures the exponential decrease of the background electron density with respect to distance, (3) demonstrates transferability as seen by agreement of electron densities for other non-fcc structures with first nearest neighbor (NN) coordination ranging from 4 to 12 and (4) fails to explain the behavior of background electron density with respect to second NN distance and arrangements. This failure may be remedied by including a fraction of the second N Natomic electron density in the background electron density, including angular contributions to the density, or including electron density rearrangement. These insights likely make EAM approaches more broadly applicable, more predictive and perhaps unique, and in the process broadly impact atomistic modeling. A new EAM potential is presented that for the first time reproduces electron densities from DFT calculations as well as experimental properties of Cu in the potential fitting.
C1 [Baskes, M. I.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA.
[Baskes, M. I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Baskes, M. I.; Srinivasan, S. G.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Baskes, M. I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Baskes, MI (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA.
EM baskes@lanl.gov; srinivasan.srivilliputhur@unt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0846444]
FX We thank G Henkelman for helpful discussions and S Foiles for the use of
his computer code. SGS thanks National Science Foundation for support
(Award No 0846444). We used the Talon cluster at UNT.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 2
AR 025025
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025025
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AC9DN
UT WOS:000332834600025
ER
PT J
AU Li, YL
Hu, SY
Zhang, L
Sun, X
AF Li, Yulan
Hu, Shenyang
Zhang, Lei
Sun, Xin
TI Non-classical nuclei and growth kinetics of Cr precipitates in FeCr
alloys during ageing
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE critical nucleus; nucleation barrier; dimer method; phase-field
approach; FeCr alloys
ID SHRINKING DIMER DYNAMICS; SADDLE-POINT SEARCH; ATOMIC-SCALE; PHASE;
TRANSFORMATIONS; MORPHOLOGIES
AB In this manuscript, we have quantitatively calculated the thermodynamic properties of the critical nuclei of Cr precipitates in FeCr alloys. The concentration profiles of the critical nuclei and nucleation energy barriers were predicted by the constrained shrinking dimer dynamics method. It is found that Cr concentration distribution in the critical nuclei strongly depends on the overall Cr concentration as well as on the temperature. The critical nuclei are non-classical because the concentration in the nuclei is smaller than the thermodynamic equilibrium value. These results are in agreement with atomic probe observation. The growth kinetics of both classical and non-classical nuclei was investigated by the phase-field approach. The simulations of critical nucleus evolution showed a number of interesting phenomena: (1) a critical classical nucleus first shrinks toward its non-classical nucleus and then grows; (2) a non-classical nucleus has much slower growth kinetics at its earlier growth stage compared to the diffusion-controlled growth kinetics and (3) a critical classical nucleus grows faster at the earlier growth stage than does a non-classical nucleus. All of these results demonstrate that it is critical to introduce the correct critical nuclei in order to correctly capture the kinetics of precipitation.
C1 [Li, Yulan; Hu, Shenyang; Sun, Xin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Zhang, Lei] Peking Univ, Beijing Int Ctr Math Res, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP Li, YL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM yulan.li@pnnl.gov
OI HU, Shenyang/0000-0002-7187-3082
FU US Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and
Simulation (NEAMS) Program in Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
(PNNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy's Nuclear
Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program in Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), which is operated by Battelle
Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract No
DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 2
AR 025002
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025002
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AC9DN
UT WOS:000332834600002
ER
PT J
AU Sandoval, L
Campbell, GH
Marian, J
AF Sandoval, Luis
Campbell, Geoffrey H.
Marian, Jaime
TI Thermodynamic interpretation of reactive processes in Ni-Al nanolayers
from atomistic simulations
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ni-Al; molecular dynamics; free energies
ID FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MULTILAYER THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
LIQUID; PHASE; MODELS; ALLOYS; INTERFACE; DIFFUSION; NI3AL
AB Metals that can form intermetallic compounds by exothermic reactions constitute a class of reactive materials with multiple applications. Ni-Al laminates of thin alternating layers are being considered as model nanometric metallic multilayers for studying various reaction processes. However, the reaction kinetics at short timescales after mixing are not entirely understood. In this work, we calculate the free energies of Ni-Al alloys as a function of composition and temperature for different solid phases using thermodynamic integration based on state-of-the-art interatomic potentials. We use this information to interpret molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of bilayer systems at 800K and zero pressure, both in isothermal and isenthalpic conditions. We find that a disordered phase always forms upon mixing as a precursor to a more stable nano crystalline B2 phase. We construe the reactions observed in terms of thermodynamic trajectories governed by the state variables computed. Simulated times of up to 30 ns were achieved, which provides a window to phenomena not previously observed in MD simulations. Our results provide insight into the early experimental reaction timescales and suggest that the path (segregated reactants)->(disordered phase)->(B2 structure) is always realized irrespective of the imposed boundary conditions.
C1 [Sandoval, Luis; Campbell, Geoffrey H.; Marian, Jaime] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Sandoval, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div T1, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Sandoval, Luis/B-2221-2009
OI Sandoval, Luis/0000-0002-1172-7972
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; DOE's Early
Career Research Program
FX We thank Dr A Caro for critically reviewing the manuscript. This work
was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
The contributions of LS and GHC to this work were supported by DOE
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering. JM acknowledges support from the
DOE's Early Career Research Program.
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 29
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 2
AR 025022
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025022
PG 19
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AC9DN
UT WOS:000332834600022
ER
PT J
AU Sills, RB
Cai, W
AF Sills, Ryan B.
Cai, Wei
TI Efficient time integration in dislocation dynamics
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE dislocation dynamics; time integrator; implicit method; subcycling
ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MESOSCOPIC SCALE; SIMULATIONS; CRYSTALS
AB The efficiencies of one implicit and three explicit time integrators have been compared in line dislocation dynamics simulations using two test cases: a collapsing loop and a Frank-Read (FR) source with a jog. The time-step size and computational efficiency of the explicit integrators is shown to become severely limited due to the presence of so-called stiff modes, which include the oscillatory zig-zag motion of discretization nodes and orientation fluctuations of the jog. In the stability-limited regime dictated by these stiff modes, the implicit integrator shows superior efficiency when using a Jacobian that only accounts for short-range interactions due to elasticity and line tension. However, when a stable dislocation dipole forms during a jogged FR source simulation, even the implicit integrator suffers a substantial drop in the time-step size. To restore computational efficiency, a time-step subcycling algorithm is tested, in which the nodes involved in the dipole are integrated over multiple smaller, local time steps, while the remaining nodes take a single larger, global time step. The time-step subcycling method leads to substantial efficiency gain when combined with either an implicit or an explicit integrator.
C1 [Sills, Ryan B.; Cai, Wei] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Sills, Ryan B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Sills, RB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM rbsills@stanford.edu
OI Cai, Wei/0000-0001-5919-8734
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0010412]; Sandia National
Laboratories; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under
Award No. DE-SC0010412 (WC), and by Sandia National Laboratories (RBS).
Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We would like
to thank William P Kuykendall for conducting two-dimensional DD
simulations in support of the stability analysis of dipoles. We thank Dr
A Arsenlis at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for useful
discussions.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 2
AR 025003
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/2/025003
PG 26
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AC9DN
UT WOS:000332834600003
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, JG
Kim, S
Maltby, DA
Ghassemian, M
Bandeira, N
Komives, EA
AF Meyer, Jesse G.
Kim, Sangtae
Maltby, David A.
Ghassemian, Majid
Bandeira, Nuno
Komives, Elizabeth A.
TI Expanding Proteome Coverage with Orthogonal-specificity-Lytic Proteases
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; STATISTICAL
CHARACTERIZATION; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; DATABASE SEARCH;
SERINE-PROTEASE; CHARGE-STATE; ACTIVE-SITE; LOW-ENERGY; SPECTRA
AB Bottom-up proteomics studies traditionally involve proteome digestion with a single protease, trypsin. However, trypsin alone does not generate peptides that encompass the entire proteome. Alternative proteases have been explored, but most have specificity for charged amino acid side chains. Therefore, additional proteases that improve proteome coverage through cleavage at sequences complementary to trypsin's may increase proteome coverage. We demonstrate the novel application of two proteases for bottom-up proteomics: wild type -lytic protease (WaLP) and an active site mutant of WaLP, M190A -lytic protease (MaLP). We assess several relevant factors, including MS/MS fragmentation, peptide length, peptide yield, and protease specificity. When data from separate digestions with trypsin, LysC, WaLP, and MaLP were combined, proteome coverage was increased by 101% relative to that achieved with trypsin digestion alone. To demonstrate how the gained sequence coverage can yield additional post-translational modification information, we show the identification of a number of novel phosphorylation sites in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe proteome and include an illustrative example from the protein MPD2 wherein two novel sites are identified, one in a tryptic peptide too short to identify and the other in a sequence devoid of tryptic sites. The specificity of WaLP and MaLP for aliphatic amino acid side chains was particularly valuable for coverage of membrane protein sequences, which increased 350% when the data from trypsin, LysC, WaLP, and MaLP were combined.
C1 [Meyer, Jesse G.; Ghassemian, Majid; Komives, Elizabeth A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Kim, Sangtae] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Maltby, David A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
[Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
RP Komives, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM ekomives@ucsd.edu
FU Interfaces Training Grant [T32EB009380]; NSF [MCB1244506]; NIH
[3-P41-GM103484]
FX J.G.M. was supported by the Interfaces Training Grant (T32EB009380).
This work was supported by generous funding from the NSF (MCB1244506) to
E.A.K. and by funding from the NIH (3-P41-GM103484) to N.B. The Proteome
Coverage Summarizer software tool from Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (OMICS.PNNL.GOV) is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 47
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
EI 1535-9484
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 3
BP 823
EP 835
DI 10.1074/mcp.M113.034710
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AC3BX
UT WOS:000332391100010
PM 24425750
ER
PT J
AU Carr, SA
Abbatiello, SE
Ackermann, BL
Borchers, C
Domon, B
Deutsch, EW
Grant, RP
Hoofnagle, AN
Huttenhain, R
Koomen, JM
Liebler, DC
Liu, T
MacLean, B
Mani, D
Mansfield, E
Neubert, H
Paulovich, AG
Reiter, L
Vitek, O
Aebersold, R
Anderson, L
Bethem, R
Blonder, J
Boja, E
Botelho, J
Boyne, M
Bradshaw, RA
Burlingame, AL
Chan, D
Keshishian, H
Kuhn, E
Kinsinger, C
Lee, JSH
Lee, SW
Moritz, R
Oses-Prieto, J
Rifai, N
Ritchie, J
Rodriguez, H
Srinivas, PR
Townsend, RR
Van Eyk, J
Whiteley, G
Wiita, A
Weintraub, S
AF Carr, Steven A.
Abbatiello, Susan E.
Ackermann, Bradley L.
Borchers, Christoph
Domon, Bruno
Deutsch, Eric W.
Grant, Russell P.
Hoofnagle, Andrew N.
Huettenhain, Ruth
Koomen, John M.
Liebler, Daniel C.
Liu, Tao
MacLean, Brendan
Mani, D. R.
Mansfield, Elizabeth
Neubert, Hendrik
Paulovich, Amanda G.
Reiter, Lukas
Vitek, Olga
Aebersold, Ruedi
Anderson, Leigh
Bethem, Robert
Blonder, Josip
Boja, Emily
Botelho, Julianne
Boyne, Michael
Bradshaw, Ralph A.
Burlingame, Alma L.
Chan, Daniel
Keshishian, Hasmik
Kuhn, Eric
Kinsinger, Christopher
Lee, Jerry S. H.
Lee, Sang-Won
Moritz, Robert
Oses-Prieto, Juan
Rifai, Nader
Ritchie, James
Rodriguez, Henry
Srinivas, Pothur R.
Townsend, R. Reid
Van Eyk, Jennifer
Whiteley, Gordon
Wiita, Arun
Weintraub, Susan
TI Targeted Peptide Measurements in Biology and Medicine: Best Practices
for Mass Spectrometry- based Assay Development Using a Fit- for- Purpose
Approach
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA-INDEPENDENT ACQUISITION; PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION DATA; EUROPEAN
BIOANALYSIS FORUM; LC-MS/MS ASSAY; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; INBORN-ERRORS;
ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS;
CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY
AB Adoption of targeted mass spectrometry (MS) approaches such as multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to study biological and biomedical questions is well underway in the proteomics community. Successful application depends on the ability to generate reliable assays that uniquely and confidently identify target peptides in a sample. Unfortunately, there is a wide range of criteria being applied to say that an assay has been successfully developed. There is no consensus on what criteria are acceptable and little understanding of the impact of variable criteria on the quality of the results generated. Publications describing targeted MS assays for peptides frequently do not contain sufficient information for readers to establish confidence that the tests work as intended or to be able to apply the tests described in their own labs. Guidance must be developed so that targeted MS assays with established performance can be made widely distributed and applied by many labs worldwide. To begin to address the problems and their solutions, a workshop was held at the National Institutes of Health with representatives from the multiple communities developing and employing targeted MS assays. Participants discussed the analytical goals of their experiments and the experimental evidence needed to establish that the assays they develop work as intended and are achieving the required levels of performance. Using this fit-for-purpose approach, the group defined three tiers of assays distinguished by their performance and extent of analytical characterization. Computational and statistical tools useful for the analysis of targeted MS results were described. Participants also detailed the information that authors need to provide in their manuscripts to enable reviewers and readers to clearly understand what procedures were performed and to evaluate the reliability of the peptide or protein quantification measurements reported. This paper presents a summary of the meeting and recommendations.
C1 [Carr, Steven A.; Abbatiello, Susan E.; Mani, D. R.; Keshishian, Hasmik; Kuhn, Eric] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Ackermann, Bradley L.] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA.
[Borchers, Christoph] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Domon, Bruno] Luxembourg Clin Prote Ctr, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
[Deutsch, Eric W.; Moritz, Robert] Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA USA.
[Grant, Russell P.] Lab Corp Amer, Burlington, NC USA.
[Hoofnagle, Andrew N.; MacLean, Brendan] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Huettenhain, Ruth; Aebersold, Ruedi] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mol Syst Biol, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Huettenhain, Ruth; Bradshaw, Ralph A.; Burlingame, Alma L.; Oses-Prieto, Juan; Wiita, Arun] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Koomen, John M.] Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr, Tampa, FL 33682 USA.
[Liebler, Daniel C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Liu, Tao] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Mansfield, Elizabeth; Boyne, Michael] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Neubert, Hendrik] Pfizer, Andover, MA USA.
[Paulovich, Amanda G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
[Reiter, Lukas] Biognosys Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Vitek, Olga] Purdue Univ, Purdue, IN USA.
[Anderson, Leigh] SISCAPA Assay Technol Inc, Washington, DC USA.
[Bethem, Robert] RAB Consulting, Novato, CA USA.
[Blonder, Josip; Boja, Emily; Kinsinger, Christopher; Lee, Jerry S. H.; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Botelho, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Chan, Daniel; Lee, Jerry S. H.; Van Eyk, Jennifer] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Lee, Sang-Won] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
[Rifai, Nader] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Ritchie, James] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Srinivas, Pothur R.] NHLBI, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Townsend, R. Reid] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA.
[Whiteley, Gordon] Liedos Biomed Res Inc, Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Washington, DC USA.
[Weintraub, Susan] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Carr, SA (reprint author), Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Dept Prote, 7 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
EM scarr@broad.mit.edu
RI Lee, Sang-Won/H-6760-2013; Lee, Jerry/K-4553-2014;
OI Lee, Sang-Won/0000-0002-5042-0084; Oses-Prieto,
Juan/0000-0003-4759-2341; Lee, Jerry/0000-0003-1515-0952; Liebler,
Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031
FU Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; US National Institutes of Health
from the National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomics Tumor Analysis
Consortium Initiative [U24CA160034]; US National Institutes of Health
from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN268201000033C,
R01HL096738]
FX This work was supported in part by the Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard and by the following grants from the US National Institutes of
Health: grant U24CA160034 from the National Cancer Institute Clinical
Proteomics Tumor Analysis Consortium Initiative (to S.A.C.) and grants
HHSN268201000033C and R01HL096738 from the National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute (to S.A.C.).
NR 98
TC 142
Z9 143
U1 11
U2 61
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
EI 1535-9484
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 3
BP 907
EP 917
DI 10.1074/mcp.M113.036095
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AC3BX
UT WOS:000332391100017
PM 24443746
ER
PT J
AU Taminiau, TH
Cramer, J
van der Sar, T
Dobrovitski, VV
Hanson, R
AF Taminiau, T. H.
Cramer, J.
van der Sar, T.
Dobrovitski, V. V.
Hanson, R.
TI Universal control and error correction in multi-qubit spin registers in
diamond
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-SPIN; QUANTUM REGISTER; ELECTRONIC SPIN; ONE 2ND; ENTANGLEMENT;
READOUT; SILICON; GATES
AB Quantum registers of nuclear spins coupled to electron spins of individual solid-state defects are a promising platform for quantum information processing(1-13). Pioneering experiments selected defects with favourably located nuclear spins with particularly strong hyperfine couplings(4-10). To progress towards large-scale applications, larger and deterministically available nuclear registers are highly desirable. Here, we realize universal control over multi-qubit spin registers by harnessing abundant weakly coupled nuclear spins. We use the electron spin of a nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond to selectively initialize, control and read out carbon-13 spins in the surrounding spin bath and construct high-fidelity single-and two-qubit gates. We exploit these new capabilities to implement a three-qubit quantum-error-correction protocol(14-17) and demonstrate the robustness of the encoded state against applied errors. These results transform weakly coupled nuclear spins from a source of decoherence into a reliable resource, paving the way towards extended quantum networks and surface-code quantum computing based on multi-qubit nodes(11,18,19).
C1 [Taminiau, T. H.; Cramer, J.; van der Sar, T.; Hanson, R.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
[Dobrovitski, V. V.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Hanson, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, POB 5046, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
EM r.hanson@tudelft.nl
RI Hanson, Ronald/B-9555-2008
FU US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX The authors thank L.Childress, J.J.L.Morton, O.Moussa and
L.M.K.Vandersypen for discussions and comments.T.H.T.acknowledges
support from a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th
European Community Framework Programme.Work at the Ames Laboratory was
supported by the US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences (contract
no.DE-AC02-07CH11358). The authors acknowledge support from the Dutch
Organization for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), the Netherlands
Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), the DARPA QuASAR programme,
the EU SOLID and DIAMANT programmes, and the European Research Council
through a Starting Grant.
NR 32
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 4
U2 60
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
EI 1748-3395
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 3
BP 171
EP 176
DI 10.1038/NNANO.2014.2
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AC6MI
UT WOS:000332637200008
PM 24487650
ER
PT J
AU Vasseur, R
Jacobsen, JL
AF Vasseur, Romain
Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
TI Operator content of the critical Potts model in d dimensions and
logarithmic correlations
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
ID CONFORMAL FIELD-THEORY; GL(1-VERTICAL-BAR-1) SPIN CHAIN;
DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; PHASE-TRANSITION; MONTE-CARLO;
LOOP MODELS; PERCOLATION; INVARIANCE; POLYMERS
AB Using the symmetric group S-Q symmetry of the Q-state Potts model, we classify the (scalar) operator content of its underlying field theory in arbitrary dimension. In addition to the usual identity, energy and magnetization operators, we find fields that generalize the N-cluster operators well-known in two dimensions, together with their subleading counterparts. We give the explicit form of all these operators up to non-universal constants both on the lattice and in the continuum limit for the Landau theory. We compute exactly their two- and three-point correlation functions on an arbitrary graph in terms of simple probabilities, and give the general form of these correlation functions in the continuum limit at the critical point. Specializing to integer values of the parameter Q, we argue that the analytic continuation of the S-Q symmetry yields logarithmic correlations at the critical point in arbitrary dimension, thus implying a mixing of some scaling fields by the scale transformation generator. All these logarithmic correlation functions are given a clear geometrical meaning, which can be checked in numerical simulations. Several physical examples are discussed, including bond percolation, spanning trees and forests, resistor networks and the Ising model. We also briefly address the generalization of our approach to the O(n) model. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3).
C1 [Vasseur, Romain] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Vasseur, Romain] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke] LPTENS, F-75231 Paris, France.
[Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke] Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France.
RP Vasseur, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rvasseur@berkeley.edu
OI Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke/0000-0002-7615-2874
FU French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR); Quantum Materials
program of LBNL; Institut Universitaire de France
FX This work was supported by the French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche
(ANR Projet 2010 Blanc SIMI 4: DIME), the Quantum Materials program of
LBNL (RV), and the Institut Universitaire de France (JLJ). We warmly
thank Hubert Saleur for collaboration on the related paper [29] which
led to the present study. We also thank John Cardy, Raoul Santachiara
and Jacopo Viti for discussions.
NR 73
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0550-3213
EI 1873-1562
J9 NUCL PHYS B
JI Nucl. Phys. B
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 880
BP 435
EP 475
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2014.01.013
PG 41
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AC8RS
UT WOS:000332803100017
ER
PT J
AU Martinez-Moyano, IJ
McCaffrey, DP
Oliva, R
AF Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J.
McCaffrey, David P.
Oliva, Rogelio
TI Drift and Adjustment in Organizational Rule Compliance: Explaining the
"Regulatory Pendulum" in Financial Markets
SO ORGANIZATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE rule change; rule compliance; internal and external regulation;
standards erosion; complex systems analysis; qualitative analysis;
organizational processes; financial markets; system dynamics
ID HIGH-RELIABILITY ORGANIZATION; CORPORATE ILLEGALITY; PROCESS
IMPROVEMENT; SERVICE INDUSTRY/; RISK-MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; MODEL;
CORRUPTION; PROGRAMS; QUALITY
AB This article integrates research on rule development, compliance, and organizational change to model rule development and compliance in organizations, using causal-loop modeling from system dynamics to articulate explicitly a few key underlying processes. We focus on financial markets as a case area, suggesting that recurring regulatory problems in financial markets in the United States over the past 60 years, although differing in specifics, are structurally similar. At the heart of the model is the tension between production goals that focus on short-term, certain, salient benefits and required adherence to production-constraining rules that attempt to mitigate long-term, uncertain, nonsalient risks. It describes systemically how organizations attend to rules depending on the nature of the benefits of production compared with those of rule compliance. The model captures the operative mechanisms responsible for the development of pressures for production and for rule compliance in organizations, providing a structural explanation both for problem-prone organizations characterized by erosion of standards and increased violations and for organizations following rules more reliably. Drawing on studies of institutional work, we conclude by suggesting research on how agency, through strategic and tactical choice, potentially modifies structure in rule compliance.
C1 [Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[McCaffrey, David P.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Oliva, Rogelio] Texas A&M Univ, Mays Business Sch, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Martinez-Moyano, IJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM imartinez@anl.gov; dmccaffrey@albany.edu; roliva@tamu.edu
RI Oliva, Rogelio/A-8542-2008
OI Oliva, Rogelio/0000-0001-7716-1310
NR 155
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 57
PU INFORMS
PI CATONSVILLE
PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA
SN 1047-7039
J9 ORGAN SCI
JI Organ Sci.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 2
BP 321
EP 338
DI 10.1287/orsc.2013.0847
PG 18
WC Management
SC Business & Economics
GA AC9FO
UT WOS:000332840000001
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, TD
Petrosky, JC
Turner, D
McClory, JW
Mann, JM
Kolis, JW
Zhang, X
Dowben, PA
AF Kelly, T. D.
Petrosky, J. C.
Turner, D.
McClory, J. W.
Mann, J. M.
Kolis, J. W.
Zhang, Xin
Dowben, P. A.
TI The unoccupied electronic structure characterization of hydrothermally
grown ThO 2 single crystals
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE electronic properties; ThO2; photoemission; inverse photoemission; X-ray
absorption near edge spectroscopy
ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR ICOSAHEDRA;
DIOXIDES; FILMS
AB Single crystals of thorium dioxide ThO2, grown by the hydrothermal growth technique, have been investigated by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS), inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES), and L-3, M-3, M-4, and M-5 X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). The experimental band gap for large single crystals has been determined to be 6 eV to 7 eV, from UPS and IPES, in line with expectations. The combined UPS and IPES, place the Fermi level near the conduction band minimum, making these crystals n-type, with extensive band tailing, suggesting an optical gap in the region of 4.8 eV for excitations from occupied to unoccupied edge states. Hybridization between the Th 6d/5f bands with O 2p is strongly implicated. ((c) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
C1 [Kelly, T. D.; Petrosky, J. C.; McClory, J. W.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Turner, D.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Mann, J. M.] Air Force Res Lab, Sensors Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Kolis, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Ctr Opt Mat Sci & Engn Technol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Zhang, Xin; Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP Kelly, TD (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM Tony.Kelly@afit.edu; James.Petrosky@afit.edu
RI Zhang, Xin/J-5478-2015;
OI Zhang, Xin/0000-0001-9232-427X; McClory, John/0000-0002-4303-2729
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA138584]; Nebraska Materials
Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF) [DMR-0820521]
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (Grant
No. HDTRA138584) and the Nebraska Materials Research Science and
Engineering Center (NSF - DMR-0820521). The views expressed in this
article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy
or position of the Air Force, Department of Defense or the U.S.
Government.
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 32
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1862-6254
EI 1862-6270
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R
JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 3
BP 283
EP 286
DI 10.1002/pssr.201308286
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AD0MO
UT WOS:000332928600016
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, CX
Haber, J
Marcin, M
Mitrovic, S
Jin, J
Gregoire, JM
AF Xiang, Chengxiang
Haber, Joel
Marcin, Martin
Mitrovic, Slobodan
Jin, Jian
Gregoire, John M.
TI Mapping Quantum Yield for (Fe-Zn-Sn-Ti)O-x Photoabsorbers Using a High
Throughput Photoelectrochemical Screening System
SO ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE photoelectrochemistry; metal oxides; semiconductor liquid junction;
quantum yield
ID SCANNING ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROSCOPY; JUNCTION SOLAR-CELL; METAL-OXIDES;
WATER; PHOTOCATALYSTS; FILMS; TECHNOLOGIES; SILICON; DESIGN; BIVO4
AB Combinatorial synthesis and screening of light absorbers are critical to material discoveries for photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical applications. One of the most effective ways to evaluate the energy-conversion properties of a semiconducting light absorber is to form an asymmetric junction and investigate the photogeneration, transport and recombination processes at the semiconductor interface. This standard photoelectrochemical measurement is readily made on a semiconductor sample with a back-side metallic contact (working electrode) and front-side solution contact. In a typical combinatorial material library, each sample shares a common back contact, requiring novel instrumentation to provide spatially resolved and thus sample-resolved measurements. We developed a multiplexing counter electrode with a thin layer assembly, in which a rectifying semiconductor/liquid junction was formed and the short-circuit photocurrent was measured under chopped illumination for each sample in a material library. The multiplexing counter electrode assembly demonstrated a photocurrent sensitivity of sub-10 mu A cm(-2) with an external quantum yield sensitivity of 0.5% for each semiconductor sample under a monochromatic ultraviolet illumination source. The combination of cell architecture and multiplexing allows high-throughput modes of operation, including both fast-serial and parallel measurements. To demonstrate the performance of the instrument, the external quantum yields of 1819 different compositions from a pseudoquaternary metal oxide library, (Fe-Zn-Sn-Ti)O-x, at 385 nm were collected in scanning serial mode with a throughput of as fast as 1 s per sample. Preliminary screening results identified a promising ternary composition region centered at Fe0.894Sn0.103Ti0.0034Ox) with an external quantum yield of 6.7% at 385 nm.
C1 [Xiang, Chengxiang; Haber, Joel; Marcin, Martin; Mitrovic, Slobodan; Jin, Jian; Gregoire, John M.] CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Jin, Jian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Xiang, CX (reprint author), CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM cxx@caltech.edu; gregoire@caltech.edu
RI Mitrovic, Slobodan/E-7847-2010
OI Mitrovic, Slobodan/0000-0001-8913-8505
FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC000499]
FX This material is based upon work performed by the Joint Center for
Artificial Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub, supported
through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Award Number DE-SC000499. We gratefully acknowledge critical support and
infrastructure provided for this work by the Kavli Nanoscience Institute
at Caltech.
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2156-8952
EI 2156-8944
J9 ACS COMB SCI
JI ACS Comb. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 3
BP 120
EP 127
DI 10.1021/co400081w
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA AC8AR
UT WOS:000332755900004
PM 24471712
ER
PT J
AU Gao, L
Kim, Y
Vazquez-Guardado, A
Shigeta, K
Hartanto, S
Franklin, D
Progler, CJ
Bogart, GR
Rogers, JA
Chanda, D
AF Gao, Li
Kim, Youngmin
Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham
Shigeta, Kazuki
Hartanto, Steven
Franklin, Daniel
Progler, Christopher J.
Bogart, Gregory R.
Rogers, John A.
Chanda, Debashis
TI Materials Selections and Growth Conditions for Large-Area, Multilayered,
Visible Negative Index Metamaterials Formed by Nanotransfer Printing
SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; WAVELENGTHS; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION
C1 [Gao, Li; Kim, Youngmin; Shigeta, Kazuki; Hartanto, Steven; Rogers, John A.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Bogart, Gregory R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Progler, Christopher J.] Photronics Inc, Allen, TX 75013 USA.
[Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham; Franklin, Daniel; Chanda, Debashis] Univ Cent Florida, NanoSci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
[Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham; Franklin, Daniel; Chanda, Debashis] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon CREOL, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
RP Rogers, JA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Frederick Seitz Mat Res Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM jrogers@illinois.edu; debashis.chanda@creol.ucf.edu
RI Rogers, John /L-2798-2016;
OI Vazquez-Guardado, Abraham/0000-0002-0648-5921
FU Office of Naval Research; United States Department of Energy
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX L. Gao and Y. Kim contributed equally to this work. The work was
supported by a grant from the Office of Naval Research. We also
gratefully knowledge the contribution of Sandia National Laboratory
which is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 in fabricating large area master mask
using deep UV lithography (telecom) and electron beam lithography
(visible).
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 31
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2195-1071
J9 ADV OPT MATER
JI Adv. Opt. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 3
BP 256
EP 261
DI 10.1002/adom.201300356
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA AC7VR
UT WOS:000332741400010
ER
PT J
AU Seal, K
Rodriguez, BJ
Ivanov, IN
Kalinin, SV
AF Seal, Katyayani
Rodriguez, Brian J.
Ivanov, Ilia N.
Kalinin, Sergei V.
TI Anomalous Photodeposition of Ag on Ferroelectric Surfaces with
Below-Bandgap Excitation
SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID INCOHERENT WHITE-LIGHT; LITHIUM-NIOBATE; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION;
SPATIAL SOLITONS; BARIUM-TITANATE; NANOSTRUCTURES; SILVER; CRYSTAL;
MEDIA; POLARIZATION
AB Ferroelectric lithography, a recent method of fabricating functional interfaces, traditionally involves photoreduction on polarized ferroelectric surfaces at optical energies above the bandgap of the ferroelectric. In this work, for the first time, photochemical deposition of elemental Ag nanoparticles on a specifically poled lithium niobate substrate is reported, with a broad white-light spectrum transmitted through the crystal. The transmitted light has energies only below the bandgap, leading to the conclusion that the Ag reduction proceeds through non-linear effects, specifically, second harmonic generation.
C1 [Seal, Katyayani] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Rodriguez, Brian J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Ivanov, Ilia N.; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Seal, K (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM sealk@ornl.gov
RI ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012
OI ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152
FU US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, US DOE
FX This effort was supported by the US DOE, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, (K. S.) and
performed, in part, at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (S.
V. K., I.N.I), which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by
the Scientific User Facilities Division, US DOE. The authors would like
to thank Liam Collins for help with the manuscript.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 38
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2195-1071
J9 ADV OPT MATER
JI Adv. Opt. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 3
BP 292
EP 299
DI 10.1002/adom.201300380
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA AC7VR
UT WOS:000332741400016
ER
PT J
AU Duan, YH
Zhang, KL
Li, XHS
King, DL
Li, BY
Zhao, LF
Xiao, YH
AF Duan, Yuhua
Zhang, Keling
Li, Xiaohong S.
King, David L.
Li, Bingyun
Zhao, Lifeng
Xiao, Yunhan
TI ab initio Thermodynamic Study of the CO2 Capture Properties of M2CO3 (M
= Na, K)- and CaCO3-Promoted MgO Sorbents Towards Forming Double Salts
SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE CO2 capture sorbents; Double salt sorbents; Density functional theory;
Lattice phonon dynamics; Thermodynamics
ID CARBON CAPTURE; REMOVAL; SEQUESTRATION; TEMPERATURES; DOLOMITE;
DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; ENERGY; K2CO3
AB The CO2 capture properties of M2CO3 (M = Na, K)-promoted and CaCO3-promoted MgO sorbents are investigated by first-principles density functional theory complemented with lattice phonon calculations. The calculated thermodynamic properties indicate that by forming double salts (M2Mg(CO3)(2) and CaMg(CO3)(2)), compared to pure MgO, the maximum allowable CO2 capture temperatures of the M2CO3- and CaCO3- modified MgO sorbents are shifted to higher temperature ranges. Under pre-combustion conditions with PCO2 = 10 bar, the Na2CO3-promoted and CaCO3-promoted MgO sorbents can capture CO2 at temperatures as high as 915 K and 740 K respectively. While under post-combustion conditions with PCO2 = 0.1 bar, their maximum allowable CO2 capture temperatures are 710 K and 600 K respectively. However, when adding K2CO3 into MgO, under both pre-and post-combustion conditions, its maximum CO2 capture temperatures only increased about 10 K relative to pure MgO. These results indicate that by mixing another solid into MgO, it is possible to shift its CO2 capture temperature to fit practical industrial needs.
C1 [Duan, Yuhua; Li, Bingyun] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Zhang, Keling; Li, Xiaohong S.; King, David L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Li, Bingyun] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Zhao, Lifeng; Xiao, Yunhan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Engn Thermophys, Key Lab Adv Energy & Power, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
RP Duan, YH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 236 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM yuhua.duan@netl.doe.gov
RI Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011
OI Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 37
PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR
PI TAICHUNG COUNTY
PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E
RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN
SN 1680-8584
EI 2071-1409
J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES
JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 2
BP 470
EP 479
DI 10.4209/aaqr.2013.05.0178
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC7CW
UT WOS:000332685800003
ER
PT J
AU Soong, Y
Howard, BH
Hedges, SW
Haljasmaa, I
Warzinski, RP
Irdi, G
McLendon, TR
AF Soong, Yee
Howard, Bret H.
Hedges, Sheila W.
Haljasmaa, Igor
Warzinski, Robert P.
Irdi, Gino
McLendon, Thomas R.
TI CO2 Sequestration in Saline Formation
SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE CO2 sequestration; Mount Simon sandstone; Chemical interaction;
Permeability; Saline aquifer
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; DISSOLUTION; PERMEABILITY; AQUIFERS; STORAGE
AB Deep saline aquifers are reported to have the largest estimated capacity for CO2 sequestration. Knowledge of possible geochemically-induced changes to the porosity and permeability of host CO2 storage sandstone and seal rock will enhance our capability to predict CO2 storage capacity and long-term reservoir behavior. An experimental study of the potential interaction of CO2/brine/rock on saline formations in a static system under CO2 sequestration conditions was conducted. Chemical interactions in the Mount Simon sandstone environment upon exposure to CO2 mixed with brine under sequestration conditions were studied. Samples were exposed to the estimated in-situ reaction conditions for six months. The experimental parameters used were two core samples of Mount Simon sandstone; Illinois Basin model brine; temperature of 85 degrees C, pressure of 23.8 MPa (3,500 psig), and CO2. Micro-CT, CT, XRD, SEM, petrography, and brine, porosity, and permeability analyses were performed before and after the exposure. Preliminary permeability measurements obtained from the sandstone sample showed a significant change after it was exposed to CO2 saturated brine for six months. This observation suggests that mineral dissolution and mineral precipitation could occur in the host deposit altering its characteristics for CO2 storage over time.
C1 [Soong, Yee; Howard, Bret H.; Hedges, Sheila W.; Haljasmaa, Igor; Warzinski, Robert P.; Irdi, Gino; McLendon, Thomas R.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Soong, Y (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM soong@netl.doe.gov
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 18
PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR
PI TAICHUNG COUNTY
PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E
RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN
SN 1680-8584
EI 2071-1409
J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES
JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 2
BP 522
EP 532
DI 10.4209/aaqr.2013.06.0195
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC7CW
UT WOS:000332685800007
ER
PT J
AU Sinnott, SB
Uberuaga, BP
AF Sinnott, Susan B.
Uberuaga, Bias Pedro
TI Role of atomistic simulations in understanding fission product
accommodation in ceramic nuclear fuel
SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID URANIUM-DIOXIDE
C1 [Sinnott, Susan B.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Uberuaga, Bias Pedro] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Sinnott, Susan/P-8523-2014
OI Sinnott, Susan/0000-0002-3598-0403
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 600 N CLEVELAND AVE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43082 USA
SN 0002-7812
EI 1945-2705
J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL
JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 93
IS 2
BP 28
EP 32
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA AC4LS
UT WOS:000332493400009
ER
PT J
AU Krebs, JE
Vaishampayan, P
Probst, AJ
Tom, LM
Marteinsson, VT
Andersen, GL
Venkateswaran, K
AF Krebs, Jordan E.
Vaishampayan, Parag
Probst, Alexander J.
Tom, Lauren M.
Marteinsson, Viggo Thor
Andersen, Gary L.
Venkateswaran, Kasthuri
TI Microbial Community Structures of Novel Icelandic Hot Spring Systems
Revealed by PhyloChip G3 Analysis
SO ASTROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; AMMONIA OXIDIZING
ARCHAEON; SULFOLOBUS-ACIDOCALDARIUS; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; GEOTHERMAL
AREAS; ELEMENTAL SULFUR; SP-NOV; TEMPERATURE; LIFE
AB Microbial community profiles of recently formed hot spring systems ranging in temperatures from 57 degrees C to 100 degrees C and pH values from 2 to 4 in Hverageroi (Iceland) were analyzed with PhyloChip G3 technology. In total, 1173 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) spanning 576 subfamilies and 38 archaeal OTUs covering 32 subfamilies were observed. As expected, the hyperthermophilic (similar to 100 degrees C) spring system exhibited both low microbial biomass and diversity when compared to thermophilic (similar to 60 degrees C) springs. Ordination analysis revealed distinct bacterial and archaeal diversity in geographically distinct hot springs. Slight variations in temperature (from 57 degrees C to 64 degrees C) within the interconnected pools led to a marked fluctuation in microbial abundance and diversity. Correlation and PERMANOVA tests provided evidence that temperature was the key environmental factor responsible for microbial community dynamics, while pH, H2S, and SO2 influenced the abundance of specific microbial groups. When archaeal community composition was analyzed, the majority of detected OTUs correlated negatively with temperature, and few correlated positively with pH. Key Words: Microbial diversity-PhyloChip G3-Acidophilic-Thermophilic-Hot springs-Iceland. Astrobiology 14, 229-240.
C1 [Krebs, Jordan E.; Vaishampayan, Parag; Venkateswaran, Kasthuri] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Biotechnol & Planetary Protect Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Probst, Alexander J.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Microbiol, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
[Probst, Alexander J.] Univ Regensburg, Archaea Ctr, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
[Tom, Lauren M.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Ecol, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Marteinsson, Viggo Thor] Matis Ohf Food Safety Environm & Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland.
RP Vaishampayan, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Biotechnol & Planetary Protect Grp, M-S 89-108,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM vaishamp@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Tom, Lauren/E-9739-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Probst,
Alexander/K-2813-2016
OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827;
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; German National Academic
Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes); Caltech Amgen
Scholars Fellowship; European Commission
FX Part of the research described in this study was carried out at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A.
Probst's contribution was supported by the German National Academic
Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes). J. Krebs's
participation was funded by a Caltech Amgen Scholars Fellowship awarded
in 2011. The authors are grateful to the Co-ordination Action for
Research Activities on life in Extreme Environments (CAREX) project
funded by the European Commission. A special thanks to N. Walter,
European Science Federation, for supporting P. Vaishampayan's travel to
Iceland. We are also thankful to all the participants for their
assistance in the Icelandic CAREX fieldwork.
NR 66
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U1 0
U2 20
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1531-1074
EI 1557-8070
J9 ASTROBIOLOGY
JI Astrobiology
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 3
BP 229
EP 240
DI 10.1089/ast.2013.1008
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA AC6GE
UT WOS:000332618700003
PM 24588539
ER
PT J
AU An, H
Kaspi, VM
Archibald, R
Bachetti, M
Bhalerao, V
Bellm, EC
Beloborodov, AM
Boggs, SE
Chakrabarty, D
Christensen, FE
Craig, WW
Dufour, F
Forster, K
Gotthelf, EV
Grefenstette, BW
Hailey, CJ
Harrison, FA
Hascoet, R
Kitaguchi, T
Kouveliotou, C
Madsen, KK
Mori, K
Pivovaroff, MJ
Rana, VR
Stern, D
Tendulkar, S
Tomsick, JA
Vogel, JK
Zhang, WW
AF An, H.
Kaspi, V. M.
Archibald, R.
Bachetti, M.
Bhalerao, V.
Bellm, E. C.
Beloborodov, A. M.
Boggs, S. E.
Chakrabarty, D.
Christensen, F. E.
Craig, W. W.
Dufour, F.
Forster, K.
Gotthelf, E. V.
Grefenstette, B. W.
Hailey, C. J.
Harrison, F. A.
Hascoet, R.
Kitaguchi, T.
Kouveliotou, Ch.
Madsen, K. K.
Mori, K.
Pivovaroff, M. J.
Rana, V. R.
Stern, D.
Tendulkar, S.
Tomsick, J. A.
Vogel, J. K.
Zhang, W. W.
CA NuSTAR Team
TI NuSTAR results and future plans for magnetar and rotation-powered pulsar
observations
SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT XMM Newton Conference
CY MAY 22-24, 2013
CL Madrid, SPAIN
DE space vehicles; stars: neutron; telescopes; X-rays: stars
ID X-RAY PULSARS; SOFT GAMMA-REPEATERS; NEUTRON-STARS; WHITE-DWARF; 1E
1841-045; AE AQUARII; DISCOVERY; PULSATIONS; EMISSION
AB The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) is the first focusing hard X-ray mission in orbit and operates in the 3-79 keV range. NuSTAR's sensitivity is roughly two orders of magnitude better than previous missions in this energy band thanks to its superb angular resolution. Since its launch in 2012 June, NuSTAR has performed excellently and observed many interesting sources including four magnetars, two rotation-powered pulsars and the cataclysmic variable AE Aquarii. NuSTAR also discovered 3.76-s pulsations from the transient source SGR J1745-29 recently found by Swift very close to the Galactic center, clearly identifying the source as a transient magnetar. For magnetar 1E 1841-045, we show that the spectrum is well fit by an absorbed blackbody plus broken power-law model with a hard power-law photon index of approximate to 1.3. This is consistent with previous results by INTEGRAL and RXTE. We also find an interesting double-peaked pulse profile in the 25-35 keV band. For AE Aquarii, we show that the spectrum can be described by a multi-temperature thermal model or a thermal plus non-thermal model; a multi-temperature thermal model without a non-thermal component cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, we do not see a spiky pulse profile in the hard X-ray band, as previously reported based on Suzaku observations. For other magnetars and rotation-powered pulsars observed with NuSTAR, data analysis results will be soon available. ((c) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
C1 [An, H.; Kaspi, V. M.; Archibald, R.; Dufour, F.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Bachetti, M.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France.
[Bachetti, M.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Bhalerao, V.; Bellm, E. C.; Forster, K.; Grefenstette, B. W.; Harrison, F. A.; Madsen, K. K.; Rana, V. R.; Tendulkar, S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Bhalerao, V.] Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
[Beloborodov, A. M.; Gotthelf, E. V.; Hailey, C. J.; Hascoet, R.; Mori, K.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Boggs, S. E.; Craig, W. W.; Tomsick, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chakrabarty, D.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Craig, W. W.; Pivovaroff, M. J.; Vogel, J. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Kitaguchi, T.] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Kouveliotou, Ch.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, ZP12, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP An, H (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
EM hjan@physics.mcgill.ca
RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014; Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015;
OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816; Boggs,
Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Bachetti, Matteo/0000-0002-4576-9337;
Bhalerao, Varun/0000-0002-6112-7609
FU NASA [NNG08FD60C, NNX10AI72G, NNX13AI34G]; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration; NSERC; FQRNT Centre de Recherche Astrophysique du
Quebec; R. Howard Webster Foundation Fellowship from the Canadian
Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Canada Research Chairs Program;
Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology; U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use
of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California
Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and
funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank
the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with
the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made
use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed
by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California
Institute of Technology (USA). V. M. K. acknowledges support from an
NSERC Discovery Grant, the FQRNT Centre de Recherche Astrophysique du
Quebec, an R. Howard Webster Foundation Fellowship from the Canadian
Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), the Canada Research Chairs
Program and the Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics and Cosmology. A.
M. B. acknowledges the support by NASA grants NNX10AI72G and NNX13AI34G.
Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 29
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U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0004-6337
EI 1521-3994
J9 ASTRON NACHR
JI Astro. Nachr.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 335
IS 3
BP 280
EP 284
DI 10.1002/asna.201312032
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AC2MG
UT WOS:000332334600011
ER
PT J
AU Lupoi, JS
Singh, S
Simmons, BA
Henry, RJ
AF Lupoi, Jason S.
Singh, Seema
Simmons, Blake A.
Henry, Robert J.
TI Assessment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Analytical Spectroscopy: an
Evolution to High-Throughput Techniques
SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass; Spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; Near-infrared spectroscopy;
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; High-throughput; Chemometrics
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM RAMAN; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS
WOOD; IONIC LIQUID PRETREATMENT; PLANT-CELL-WALLS; LIGNIN MONOMER
COMPOSITION; CELLULOSE-I CRYSTALLINITY; CORN STOVER COMPOSITION; CUPRIC
OXIDE OXIDATION; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS WOOD
AB Lignocellulosic biomass has been proposed as an option for reducing global dependence on nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil. Selection and development of biomass feedstocks that efficiently yield the maximum fuel or biomaterial requires the availability of reliable methods for compositional and structural characterization of plant material. Many standard methods for biomass analysis are laborious and slow, and employ a variety of harsh reagents requiring some degree of remediation. The use of simpler and more rapid spectroscopic methods has proved invaluable in analyzing biomass. In the twenty-first century, researchers have employed techniques such as Raman, mid-infrared, and near-infrared spectroscopy for a wide range of applications in endeavors to further understand biofuel feedstocks. While many methods remain time consuming and expensive, a growing interest in high-throughput spectroscopic techniques has provided faster and larger scale feedstock screening for desirable traits. This review seeks to provide an overview of both high-throughput techniques and those requiring longer analysis times but still providing abundant qualitative and quantitative data. While applications of these instrumental methods have been researched for decades, more recent developments will be discussed here.
C1 [Lupoi, Jason S.; Simmons, Blake A.; Henry, Robert J.] Univ Queensland, Queensland Alliance Agr & Food Innovat, St Lucia, Qld, Australia.
[Lupoi, Jason S.; Singh, Seema; Simmons, Blake A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
[Singh, Seema; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biol & Mat Sci Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Lupoi, JS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
EM jslupoi@lbl.gov; seesing@sandia.gov; basimmons@lbl.gov;
robert.henry@uq.edu.au
RI Henry, Robert/B-5824-2008;
OI Henry, Robert/0000-0002-4060-0292; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810
FU Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation; Joint BioEnergy
Institute; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This review was supported as part of a collaboration between the
Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the Joint
BioEnergy Institute. The work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute
was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy under contract
no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 282
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 86
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1939-1234
EI 1939-1242
J9 BIOENERG RES
JI BioEnergy Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 1
BP 1
EP 23
DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9352-1
PG 23
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC4IG
UT WOS:000332484000001
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JMF
Gresham, GL
AF Johnson, Jane M. F.
Gresham, Garold L.
TI Do Yield and Quality of Big Bluestem and Switchgrass Feedstock Decline
over Winter?
SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermochemical; Bioenergy feedstock; Mineral analysis; Biomass
gasification
ID BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS; GREAT-PLAINS; HARVEST;
COMBUSTION; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; MIXTURES; GRASSES; STORAGE
AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and big bluestem (Andropogon gerdardii Vitman) are potential perennial bioenergy feedstocks. Feedstock storage limitations, labor constraints for harvest, and environmental benefits provided by perennials are rationales for developing localized perennial feedstock as an alternative or in conjunction with annual feedstocks (i.e., crop residues). Little information is available on yield, mineral, and thermochemical properties of native species as related to harvest time. The study's objectives were to compare the feedstock quantity and quality between grasses harvested in the fall or the following spring. It was hypothesized that biomass yield may decline, but translocation and/or leaching of minerals from the feedstock would improve feedstock quality. Feedstock yield did not differ by crop, harvest time, or their interactions. Both grasses averaged 6.0 Mg ha(-1) (fall) and 5.4 Mg ha(-1) (spring) with similar high heating value (17.7 MJ kg(-1)). The K/(Ca + Mg) ratio, used as a quality indicator declined to below a 0.5 threshold, but energy yield (Megajoule per kilogram) decreased 13 % by delaying harvest until spring. Only once during the four study-years were conditions ideal for early spring harvest, in contrast during another spring, very muddy conditions resulted in excessive soil contamination. Early spring harvest may be hampered by late snow, lodging, and muddy conditions that may delay or prevent harvest, and result in soil contamination of the feedstock. However, reducing slagging/fouling potential and the mass of mineral nutrients removed from the field without a dramatic loss in biomass or caloric content are reasons to delay harvest until spring.
C1 [Johnson, Jane M. F.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA.
[Gresham, Garold L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Johnson, JMF (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA.
EM jane.johnson@ars.usda.gov
OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007
FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service under the Renewable Energy Assessment
Project (REAP); USDA Rural Development Grant [68-3A75-5-232]; University
of Minnesota, Morris; University of Minnesota-West Central Research and
Outreach Center
FX This publication is based on work supported by the USDA-Agricultural
Research Service under the Renewable Energy Assessment Project (REAP)
and through a USDA Rural Development Grant 68-3A75-5-232 in partnership
with the University of Minnesota, Morris, and the University of
Minnesota-West Central Research and Outreach Center.
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1939-1234
EI 1939-1242
J9 BIOENERG RES
JI BioEnergy Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 1
BP 68
EP 77
DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9349-9
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC4IG
UT WOS:000332484000006
ER
PT J
AU Azarpira, A
Ralph, J
Lu, FC
AF Azarpira, Ali
Ralph, John
Lu, Fachuang
TI Catalytic Alkaline Oxidation of Lignin and its Model Compounds: a
Pathway to Aromatic Biochemicals
SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Pine lignin; 2D NMR; Lignin beta-ether units; Copper-phenanthroline
catalyst
ID OXYGEN DELIGNIFICATION; GENERAL CONCEPT; KRAFT-LIGNIN; CHEMICALS; PULP;
BIOSYNTHESIS; CHEMISTRY; ALCOHOL; BIOMASS
AB Catalytic oxidation via the application of molecular oxygen and copper complexes is a useful pathway toward valuable low molecular mass compounds from in situ or waste stream lignins. In this study, two dimeric beta-ether model compounds, one beta-ether oligomer, and a milled wood lignin sample from Loblolly pine were catalytically oxidized. Yields and stability of the aromatic aldehyde and acid products were measured. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography were used to monitor structure/composition and molecular mass changes of the lignin before and after catalytic oxidation to study the degree of depolymerization and structure of the residual lignin. Oxidized units appear to be derived from beta-aryl ether, phenylcoumaran, and biphenyl ether components. To date, this method breaks down the lignin polymeric structure reasonably effectively, producing low molecular mass products; this work also highlights some of the issues that need to be overcome to optimize this approach.
C1 [Azarpira, Ali; Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Ralph, John; Lu, Fachuang] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
RP Lu, FC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Wisconsin Energy Inst, 1552 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM fachuanglu@wisc.edu
FU US Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Ruili Gao, Dharshana Padmakshan, and
Sally Ralph for providing model compounds for this study and Hoon Kim
for his useful suggestions and assistance with NMR spectroscopy. We are
grateful to Yuki Tobimatsu for his useful comments on GPC and NMR
analyses. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the US
Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DE-FC02-07ER64494).
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 9
U2 117
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1939-1234
EI 1939-1242
J9 BIOENERG RES
JI BioEnergy Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 1
BP 78
EP 86
DI 10.1007/s12155-013-9348-x
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC4IG
UT WOS:000332484000007
ER
PT J
AU Blume-Kohout, R
Turner, PS
AF Blume-Kohout, Robin
Turner, Peter S.
TI The Curious Nonexistence of Gaussian 2-Designs
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLETE QUANTUM MEASUREMENTS; DESIGNS; STATES
AB Ensembles of pure quantum states whose 2nd moments equal those of the unitarily uniform Haar ensemble-2-designs-are optimal solutions for several tasks in quantum information science, especially state and process tomography. We show that Gaussian states cannot form a 2-design for the continuous-variable (quantum optical) Hilbert space . This is surprising because the affine symplectic group HWSp (the natural symmetry group of Gaussian states) is irreducible on the symmetric subspace of two copies. In finite dimensional Hilbert spaces, irreducibility guarantees that HWSp-covariant ensembles (such as mutually unbiased bases in prime dimensions) are always 2-designs. This property is violated by continuous variables for a subtle reason: the (well-defined) HWSp-invariant ensemble of Gaussian states does not have a density matrix because its defining integral does not converge. In fact, no Gaussian ensemble is even close (in a precise sense) to being a 2-design. This surprising difference between discrete and continuous quantum mechanics has important implications for optical state and process tomography.
C1 [Blume-Kohout, Robin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Turner, Peter S.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
RP Blume-Kohout, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM robin@blumekohout.com
RI Turner, Peter/E-9197-2010
FU JSPS Research Fellowships for Young Scientists, JSPS KAKENHI [20549002];
LANL's LDRD program
FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with S. Bartlett, A. Harrow,
J. Repka, and D. Gross. P.S.T. acknowledges support from JSPS Research
Fellowships for Young Scientists, JSPS KAKENHI (20549002) for Scientific
Research (C). R.B.K. was supported by LANL's LDRD program.
NR 26
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0010-3616
EI 1432-0916
J9 COMMUN MATH PHYS
JI Commun. Math. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 326
IS 3
BP 755
EP 771
DI 10.1007/s00220-014-1894-3
PG 17
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA AC6TA
UT WOS:000332656700005
ER
PT J
AU Wilkerson, J
Larsen, P
Barbose, G
AF Wilkerson, Jordan
Larsen, Peter
Barbose, Galen
TI Survey of Western US electric utility resource plans
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Resource planning; Electric utility; Risk and uncertainty
ID MARKET
AB We review long-term electric utility plans representing similar to 90% of generation within the Western U.S. and Canadian provinces. We address what utility planners assume about future growth of electricity demand and supply; what types of risk they consider in their long-term resource planning; and the consistency in which they report resource planning-related data. The region is anticipated to grow by 2% annually by 2020 - before Demand Side Management. About two-thirds of the utilities that provided an annual energy forecast also reported energy efficiency savings projections; in aggregate, they anticipate an average 6.4% reduction in energy and 8.6% reduction in peak demand by 2020. New natural gas-fired and renewable generation will replace retiring coal plants. Although some utilities anticipate new coal-fired plants, most are planning for steady growth in renewable generation over the next two decades. Most planned solar capacity will come online before 2020, with most wind expansion after 2020. Fuel mix is expected to remain 55% of total generation. Planners consider a wide range of risks but focus on future demand, fuel prices, and the possibility of GHG regulations. Data collection and reporting inconsistencies within and across electric utility resource plans lead to recommendations on policies to address this issue. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wilkerson, Jordan; Larsen, Peter] Stanford Univ, Sch Engn, Management Sci & Engn Dept, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Larsen, Peter; Barbose, Galen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wilkerson, J (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Engn, Management Sci & Engn Dept, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM wilkejt1@stanford.edu
OI Wilkerson, Jordan/0000-0003-1447-9465
FU National Electricity Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of
Energy's Office of Electricity (OE) Delivery and Energy Reliability
under Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The work described in this report was funded by the National Electricity
Delivery Division of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Electricity (OE) Delivery and Energy Reliability under Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would
like to acknowledge Larry Mansueti (U.S. Department of Energy-OE) for
supporting this project.
NR 78
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
BP 90
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.029
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AB9SL
UT WOS:000332135900009
ER
PT J
AU Glynn, J
Chiodi, A
Gargiulo, M
Deane, JP
Bazilian, M
Gallachor, BO
AF Glynn, James
Chiodi, Alessandro
Gargiulo, Maurizio
Deane, J. P.
Bazilian, Morgan
Gallachoir, Brian O.
TI Energy Security Analysis: The case of constrained oil supply for Ireland
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy security; Oil depletion; Energy systems modelling
ID POWER; MODEL
AB Ireland imports 88% of its energy requirements. Oil makes up 59% of total final energy consumption (TFC). Import dependency, low fuel diversity and volatile prices leave Ireland vulnerable in terms of energy security. This work models energy security scenarios for Ireland using long term macroeconomic forecasts to 2050, with oil production and price scenarios from the International Monetary Fund, within the Irish TIMES energy systems model. The analysis focuses on developing a least cost optimum energy system for Ireland under scenarios of constrained oil supply (0.8% annual import growth, and 2% annual import decline) and subsequent sustained long term price shocks to oil and gas imports. The results point to gas becoming the dominant fuel source for Ireland, at 54% total final energy consumption in 2020, supplanting oil from reference projections of 57% to 10.8% TFC. In 2012, the cost of net oil imports stood at (sic)3.6 billion (2.26% GDP). The modelled high oil and gas price scenarios show an additional annual cost in comparison to a reference of between (sic)2.9bn and (sic)7.5bn by 2020 (1.9-4.9% of GDP) to choose to develop a least cost energy system. Investment and ramifications for energy security are discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Glynn, James; Chiodi, Alessandro; Gargiulo, Maurizio; Deane, J. P.; Gallachoir, Brian O.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Energy Policy & Modelling Grp, Cork, Ireland.
[Glynn, James; Chiodi, Alessandro; Gargiulo, Maurizio; Deane, J. P.; Gallachoir, Brian O.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cork, Ireland.
[Gargiulo, Maurizio] E4sma Srl, Energy Engn Environm Syst Modelling & Anal Srl, I-10144 Turin, Italy.
[Bazilian, Morgan] NREL, Joint Inst Strateg Energy Anal, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Glynn, J (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Environm Res Inst, Lee Rd, Cork, Ireland.
EM james.glynn@umail.ucc.ie
OI Chiodi, Alessandro/0000-0002-9757-5972; O Gallachoir,
Brian/0000-0002-6608-5997
FU Higher Education Authority of Ireland through the PRTLI-5 Graduate
Research Engineering Programme in Energy; Environmental Protection
Agency; Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland under Ireland's Climate
Change Research Programme [2011 - CCRP - MS - 3.5]
FX Supported by the Higher Education Authority of Ireland through the
PRTLI-5 Graduate Research Engineering Programme in Energy.; The authors
acknowledge funding provided by the Environmental Protection Agency and
Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland under Ireland's Climate Change
Research Programme 2007-2013 for the development of the Irish TIMES
model. (2011 - CCRP - MS - 3.5).
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
BP 312
EP 325
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.043
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AB9SL
UT WOS:000332135900028
ER
PT J
AU Carew, JF
AF Carew, John F.
TI Variational Bounds in N-Particle Scattering Using the
Faddeev-Yakubovskii Equations: Deuteron-Deuteron S=2 Scattering
SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGED-PARTICLES; CLUSTER-REDUCTION; 3-BODY SYSTEMS; PHASE-SHIFTS;
ENERGY; AMPLITUDES; FORMALISM; STATES
AB A variational-bound formulation of the N-particle scattering problem has been developed based on the Yakubovskii-Faddeev chain-of-partition equations. It is shown that the scattering amplitude for the elastic, rearrangement or break-up processes satisfies a Lippmann-Schwinger type integral equation in which the kernel integration is over the open channels and the closed channels enter through the effective potential. In the case where only two (three)-cluster open channels are allowed, the integral equation for the transition amplitude involves integration over only one (two) momentum vector(s). A variational estimate for the effective potential input to the integral equation is obtained when the closed channel partition Green's functions are estimated variationally. It is shown that the variational estimates for the closed-channel Green's function also provide upper and lower bounds that can be used as a subsidiary extremum principle to determine optimum parameters in the trial function. Several methods are provided for simplifying the determination of the effective potential. The inclusion of Coulomb potentials in the Yakubovskii-Faddeev (YF) chain-of-partition formalism is also described. In this approach the inter-particle potential is not assumed to be separable as in typical quasi-particle schemes. The many-body dependence of the effective potential is included via expectation values involving an inter-particle potential and spatially decaying trial functions. The N-body scattering problem is therefore reduced to: (a) solving a two-body scattering problem (three-body in the case of break-up) and (b) a bound-state type calculation to determine the effective potential. As an initial application, the method is applied to the case of low-energy elastic deuteron-deuteron scattering (including the Coulomb force) and compared to a recent cluster-reduction calculation.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Carew, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Nucl Sci & Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM carew@bnl.gov
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7963
EI 1432-5411
J9 FEW-BODY SYST
JI Few-Body Syst.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 55
IS 3
BP 171
EP 190
DI 10.1007/s00601-014-0844-0
PG 20
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AC8RL
UT WOS:000332801300001
ER
PT J
AU Goldsmith, MR
Grulke, CM
Brooks, RD
Transue, TR
Tan, YM
Frame, A
Egeghy, PP
Edwards, R
Chang, DT
Tornero-Velez, R
Isaacs, K
Wang, A
Johnson, J
Holm, K
Reich, M
Mitchell, J
Vallero, DA
Phillips, L
Phillips, M
Wambaugh, JF
Judson, RS
Buckley, TJ
Dary, CC
AF Goldsmith, M. -R.
Grulke, C. M.
Brooks, R. D.
Transue, T. R.
Tan, Y. M.
Frame, A.
Egeghy, P. P.
Edwards, R.
Chang, D. T.
Tornero-Velez, R.
Isaacs, K.
Wang, A.
Johnson, J.
Holm, K.
Reich, M.
Mitchell, J.
Vallero, D. A.
Phillips, L.
Phillips, M.
Wambaugh, J. F.
Judson, R. S.
Buckley, T. J.
Dary, C. C.
TI Development of a consumer product ingredient database for chemical
exposure screening and prioritization
SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemical exposure; Consumer products; Ingredients; Product formulation;
Near field exposure; Exposure prioritization
ID SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INDOOR ENVIRONMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT;
INTAKE FRACTION; POLLUTANTS; AIR; RESOURCE; MODELS; AGENCY; DUST
AB Consumer products are a primary source of chemical exposures, yet little structured information is available on the chemical ingredients of these products and the concentrations at which ingredients are present. To address this data gap, we created a database of chemicals in consumer products using product Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) publicly provided by a large retailer. The resulting database represents 1797 unique chemicals mapped to 8921 consumer products and a hierarchy of 353 consumer product "use categories" within a total of 15 top-level categories. We examine the utility of this database and discuss ways in which it will support (i) exposure screening and prioritization, (ii) generic or framework formulations for several indoor/consumer product exposure modeling initiatives, (iii) candidate chemical selection for monitoring near field exposure from proximal sources, and (iv) as activity tracers or ubiquitous exposure sources using "chemical space" map analyses. Chemicals present at high concentrations and across multiple consumer products and use categories that hold high exposure potential are identified. Our database is publicly available to serve regulators, retailers, manufacturers, and the public for predictive screening of chemicals in new and existing consumer products on the basis of exposure and risk. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Goldsmith, M. -R.; Grulke, C. M.; Tan, Y. M.; Frame, A.; Egeghy, P. P.; Chang, D. T.; Tornero-Velez, R.; Isaacs, K.; Wang, A.; Johnson, J.; Holm, K.; Vallero, D. A.; Phillips, L.; Phillips, M.; Wambaugh, J. F.; Judson, R. S.; Buckley, T. J.; Dary, C. C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Brooks, R. D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Transue, T. R.] Lockheed Martin Informat Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Edwards, R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Frame, A.; Wang, A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Reich, M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
[Mitchell, J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Goldsmith, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM goldsmith.rocky@epa.gov; tan.cecilia@epa.gov; isaacs.kristin@epa.gov
OI Phillips, Martin/0000-0002-6282-529X; Judson,
Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of
Research and Development; U.S. EPA Pathfinder Innovation Project award
FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of
Research and Development funded and managed the research described here.
The initial funding for this research came from a U.S. EPA Pathfinder
Innovation Project award for "Systems Reality Modeling." We are grateful
to the Shaw University Research Internship program for providing
students that assisted in this research. We thank Charles Bevington and
Cathy Fehrenbacher of the U.S. EPA's Office of Chemical Safety and
Pollution Prevention for collaboration and helpful discussions. We thank
Mike Uhl (Lockheed Martin Information Technology Services), Ravi Nair
and Heidi Paulson (both U.S. EPA's Environmental Modeling and
Visualization Laboratory) for project coordination on the interface
design. We thank Pertti Hakkinen (National Library of Medicine) and
Henry Delima (Henry Delima Associates) for providing input through
ongoing discussion. We thank Linda Sheldon, Satori Marchitti and Haluk
Ozkaynak (NERL) for administrative review and feedback.
NR 41
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 6
U2 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-6915
EI 1873-6351
J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL
JI Food Chem. Toxicol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 65
BP 269
EP 279
DI 10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.029
PG 11
WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology
GA AC4OL
UT WOS:000332500500034
PM 24374094
ER
PT J
AU Sun, YN
Elizondo, M
Lu, S
Fuller, JC
AF Sun, Yannan
Elizondo, Marcelo
Lu, Shuai
Fuller, Jason C.
TI The Impact of Uncertain Physical Parameters on HVAC Demand Response
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
LA English
DT Article
DE Demand response; parameter sensitivity; uncertainty quantification
AB Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units are one of the major resources providing demand response (DR) in residential buildings. A DR program requires a large population of units to make a significant impact on power grid services like peak shaving and balancing. This paper investigates the importance of various HVAC physical parameters and their distributions that affect the aggregate response of a population of units to DR signals. This is a key step to the construction of HVAC models with DR functionality, given insufficient data, to predict the DR capacity available for dispatch. The HVAC model parameters include the size of floors, insulation efficiency, the amount of solid mass in the house, and efficiency. These parameters are usually assumed to follow Gaussian or Uniform distributions over the population. The impact of uncertainty in parameter distributions are quantified through the following steps: 1) Simulate the response of an HVAC population during the transient phase and during steady state for a given DR signal; 2) Use a quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method with linear regression and Prony analysis to evaluate the sensitivity of the DR output to the uncertainty in the parameter distributions; and 3) Identify important parameters based on their impact to the aggregate HVAC response. Utilities or DR providers can use this analysis as guidance in the collection of data to derive an effective DR model.
C1 [Sun, Yannan; Elizondo, Marcelo; Lu, Shuai; Fuller, Jason C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Sun, YN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Yannan.sun@pnnl.gov; Marcelo.elizondo@pnnl.gov; Shuai.lu@pnnl.gov;
Jason.fuller@pnnl.gov
RI Fuller, Jason/C-9951-2014
OI Fuller, Jason/0000-0002-0462-0093
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at the
Pacific North-west National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD) program at the Pacific North-west National
Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by
Battelle for DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Paper no.
TSG-00253-2013.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3053
J9 IEEE T SMART GRID
JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 916
EP 923
DI 10.1109/TSG.2013.2295540
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AB7QH
UT WOS:000331985300039
ER
PT J
AU Du, PW
Lu, N
Wang, JH
Zhang, XP
Masiello, R
Henderson, M
AF Du, Pengwei
Lu, Ning
Wang, Jianhui
Zhang, Xiao-Ping
Masiello, Ralph
Henderson, Mike
TI Introduction to the Special Section on Energy Storage Applications for
Smart Grid
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Du, Pengwei] Elect Reliabil Council Texas, Austin, TX 78744 USA.
[Lu, Ning] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
[Zhang, Xiao-Ping] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
[Masiello, Ralph] KEMA, Chalfont, PA USA.
[Henderson, Mike] ISO New England, Holyoke, MA USA.
RP Du, PW (reprint author), Elect Reliabil Council Texas, Austin, TX 78744 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3053
J9 IEEE T SMART GRID
JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 935
EP 936
DI 10.1109/TSG.2014.2305312
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AB7QH
UT WOS:000331985300041
ER
PT J
AU Jin, CL
Lu, N
Lu, S
Makarov, YV
Dougal, RA
AF Jin, Chunlian
Lu, Ning
Lu, Shuai
Makarov, Yuri V.
Dougal, Roger A.
TI A Coordinating Algorithm for Dispatching Regulation Services Between
Slow and Fast Power Regulating Resources
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
LA English
DT Article
DE Ancillary services; energy storage; regulation service; renewable
integration; wear and tear
AB This paper presents a novel coordinating algorithm for dispatching regulation services between slow and fast power regulating resources using a conventional power generator and a flywheel energy storage system as an example. The goal is to let the flywheel storage device follow the fast changes in the regulation signal and let the conventional generator compensate for the energy imbalance when the flywheel storage is nearly fully charged or discharged. A state-of-charge (SOC) band control algorithm is developed tomaintain the storage device SOC within a desired range. Real system regulation signals were used to test the performance of the coordinating algorithm. The simulation results show that: 1) the HRR achieves the same fast response rate as that of the storage device, 2) the up and down movements of the generator are minimized, and 3) the SOC of the storage device is maintained within the desired range most of the time. Therefore, the proposed coordinating algorithm can provide the high quality regulation service while reducing maintenance-inducing strain on conventional generators.
C1 [Jin, Chunlian; Lu, Ning; Lu, Shuai; Makarov, Yuri V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Lu, Ning] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Dougal, Roger A.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29201 USA.
RP Jin, CL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM chunlian.jin@pnnl.gov; nlu2@ncsu.edu; shuai.lu@pnnl.gov;
yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov; dougal@cec.sc.edu
FU Internal Research and Development (IR&D) program at the Battelle
Memorial Institute
FX This work was supported by the Internal Research and Development (IR&D)
program at the Battelle Memorial Institute. Paper no. TSG-00145-2013.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 8
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3053
J9 IEEE T SMART GRID
JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 1043
EP 1050
DI 10.1109/TSG.2013.2277974
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AB7QH
UT WOS:000331985300053
ER
PT J
AU Barrientos, G
Masse, WB
AF Barrientos, Gustavo
Masse, W. Bruce
TI The Archaeology of Cosmic Impact: Lessons from Two Mid-Holocene
Argentine Case Studies
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL METHOD AND THEORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Extraterrestrial object collisions; Quaternary Period; Archaeological
evidence and judgment criteria; Campo del Cielo and Rio Cuarto impact
events
ID CAMPO DEL CIELO; TEMPORAL FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; LATE
PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE; PAMPEAN REGION ARGENTINA; ROMAN GEOMYTH PRESERVES;
SOUTHERN SOUTH-AMERICA; YOUNGER DRYAS BOUNDARY; MAMMOTH-KILLER IMPACT;
CANYON DIABLO IMPACT; NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS
AB Cosmic impact is a category of natural catastrophe neglected or misunderstood by most archaeologists in reconstructions of past human population dynamics. We discuss the nature of impact by asteroids and comets and what is known and theorized about the Quaternary Period impact record. As case studies for our exploration of how archaeological method and theory can be productively applied to the study of cosmic impact, we focus on two confirmed Holocene asteroid impacts in central and northeastern Argentina, Rio Cuarto and Campo del Cielo, both likely dating between 6 and 3 cal ky BP. We model and assess the potential destructive effects of these impacts on contemporary hunting and gathering populations using several lines of evidence. The search for Quaternary Period cosmic impacts, along with the documentation of the effects of confirmed cosmic impacts on human populations, particularly of those organized in small-scale social groups, represents a challenge and key opportunity for future archaeological research.
C1 [Barrientos, Gustavo] Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Nat & Museo, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Barrientos, Gustavo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Masse, W. Bruce] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Stewardship Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Masse, WB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Stewardship Grp, Mailstop J978, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM barrient@museo.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar; wbmasse@gmail.com
NR 360
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1072-5369
EI 1573-7764
J9 J ARCHAEOL METHOD TH
JI J. Archaeol. Method Theory
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 1
BP 134
EP 211
DI 10.1007/s10816-012-9149-0
PG 78
WC Anthropology; Archaeology
SC Anthropology; Archaeology
GA AC2XD
UT WOS:000332378700005
ER
PT J
AU Shukla, KK
Phanikumar, DV
Newsom, RK
Kumar, KN
Ratnam, MV
Naja, M
Singh, N
AF Shukla, K. K.
Phanikumar, D. V.
Newsom, Rob K.
Kumar, K. Niranjan
Ratnam, M. Venkat
Naja, M.
Singh, Narendra
TI Estimation of the mixing layer height over a high altitude site in
Central Himalayan region by using Doppler lidar
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Doppler lidar; Mixing layer height; GVAX
ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; STATION; TOP
AB A Doppler lidar was installed at Manora Peak, Nainital (29.4 degrees N; 79.2 degrees E; 1958 amsl) to estimate mixing layer height for the first time by using vertical velocity variance as basic measurement parameter for the period September-November 2011. Mixing layer height is found to be located similar to 0.57 +/- 0.1 and 0.45 +/- 0.05 km AGL during day and nighttime, respectively. The estimation of mixing layer height shows good correlation (R-2 > 0.8) between different instruments and with different methods. Our results show that wavelet co-variance transform is a robust method for mixing layer height estimation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shukla, K. K.; Phanikumar, D. V.; Naja, M.; Singh, Narendra] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci, Naini Tal 263002, Uttrakhand, India.
[Shukla, K. K.] Pt Ravishankar Shukla Univ, Raipur, Chhatisgarh, India.
[Newsom, Rob K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Kumar, K. Niranjan] Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
[Ratnam, M. Venkat] Natl Atmospher Res Lab, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
RP Shukla, KK (reprint author), Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci, Naini Tal 263002, Uttrakhand, India.
EM krishna@aries.res.in
OI Venkat Ratnam, M./0000-0002-3882-2523
FU Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab
Emirates
FX This work has been carried out as a part of GVAX campaign in joint
collaboration among Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM), Department
of Energy (US), Indian institute of Science (IISC) and Indian Space
Research Organization (ISRO), India. We thank Director, ARIES for
providing the necessary support. We thank Prof. Rao Kotamurthi for his
valuable suggestions for the improvement of the manuscript. We also
acknowledge Dr. Baars for fruitful discussions regarding WCT method. One
of the authors acknowledges Masdar Institute of Science and Technology,
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, for providing the fellowship.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6826
EI 1879-1824
J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY
JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 109
BP 48
EP 53
DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2014.01.006
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AC3QI
UT WOS:000332435900008
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JK
Fthenakis, V
AF Choi, Jun-Ki
Fthenakis, Vasilis
TI Crystalline silicon photovoltaic recycling planning: macro and micro
perspectives
SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Photovoltaic; End-of-life management; Recycling infrastructure
ID DYNAMIC-ANALYSIS; SOLAR-CELLS; MODULES; STOCKS; WASTE; FLOWS; LIFE; END;
OPTIMIZATION; MANAGEMENT
AB The usage of valuable resources and the potential for waste generation at the end of the life cycle of photovoltaic (PV) technologies necessitate a proactive planning for a PV recycling infrastructure. To ensure the sustainability of PV in large scales of deployment, it is vital to develop and institute low-cost recycling technologies and infrastructure for the emerging PV industry in parallel with the rapid commercialization of these new technologies. There are various issues involved in the economics of PV recycling and we examine those at macro and micro levels, developing a holistic interpretation of the economic viability of the PV recycling systems. We developed mathematical models to analyze the profitability of recycling technologies and to guide tactical decisions for allocating optimal location of PV take-back centers (PVTBC), necessary for the collection of end of life products. The economic decision is usually based on the level of the marginal capital cost of each PVTBC, cost of reverse logistics, distance traveled, and the amount of PV waste collected from various locations. Our results illustrated that the reverse logistics costs comprise a major portion of the cost of PVTBC; PV recycling centers can be constructed in the optimally selected locations to minimize the total reverse logistics cost for transporting the PV wastes from various collection facilities to the recycling center. In the micro-process level, automated recycling processes should be developed to handle the large amount of growing PV wastes economically. The market price of the reclaimed materials are important factors for deciding the profitability of the recycling process and this illustrates the importance of the recovering the glass and expensive metals from PV modules. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Choi, Jun-Ki] Univ Dayton, Kettering Labs, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
[Fthenakis, Vasilis] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photovolta Environm Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Choi, JK (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Kettering Labs, 300 Coll Pk, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
EM jchoi1@udayton.edu; fthenakis@bnl.gov
FU University of Dayton [KFL-211]; Solar Technologies Program; Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy; USDOE [DE-AC02-76CH000016]
FX The Authors thank anonymous reviewers for their insightful and
constructive comments on the manuscript. Authors appreciate the
University of Dayton for the research council seed grant KFL-211 awarded
to support this work. Part of this research was supported by the Solar
Technologies Program, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, USDOE
Contract DE-AC02-76CH000016.
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 5
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 66
BP 443
EP 449
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.11.022
PG 7
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA AC2TG
UT WOS:000332356300045
ER
PT J
AU Brown, RA
Borst, M
AF Brown, Robert A.
Borst, Michael
TI Evaluation of Surface Infiltration Testing Procedures in Permeable
Pavement Systems
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Porous asphalt; Permeable pavement; Permeable interlocking concrete
pavers; Pervious concrete; Infiltration; Storm water control measure;
Green infrastructure; ASTM C1701
ID PERVIOUS CONCRETE; POROUS ASPHALT; STORM-WATER; ASTM C1701; PERFORMANCE;
POLLUTION; QUALITY
AB The ASTM method for measuring the infiltration rate of in-place pervious concrete provides limited guidance on how to select test locations and how results should be interpreted to assess surface condition and maintenance needs. The ASTM method is written specifically for pervious concrete, so additional research is needed to determine the applicability of this method to other permeable pavement types. In 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency constructed a 0.4-ha parking lot surfaced with permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). Surface infiltration testing was conducted for almost three years, and two methods were used to select test locations: monthly testing at randomly selected locations and quarterly testing at fixed locations. Infiltration rates were significantly different for each pavement type. With almost three years of use, maintenance has yet to be required, although infiltration has decreased in areas immediately downgradient of impermeable asphalt driving lanes and to a greater extent where disturbed soil was present. The longevity was attributed to the clogging mechanism. Runoff transports solids to the upgradient edge of the permeable pavement surface where the solids are filtered and accumulate as runoff infiltrates. As surface clogging progresses from the upgradient edge, the method of selecting a random location across the entire area typically resulted in most locations being on an unaffected area. This did not produce a meaningful change in infiltration rate to suggest maintenance was needed for the entire surface. The results of this study indicate that the ASTM C1701 method may be applicable to PICP; however, for PA, further evaluation is needed. It is recommended that future infiltration testing should strategically select fixed test locations based on expected clogging patterns. Furthermore, less water can be used, enabling more tests to be conducted at strategic locations over the pavement surface area to better determine locations of clogging.
C1 [Brown, Robert A.] US EPA, ORISE, Edison, NJ 08837 USA.
[Borst, Michael] US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA.
RP Brown, RA (reprint author), US EPA, ORISE, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS-104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA.
EM brown.robert-a@epa.gov; borst.mike@epa.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research
Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research
Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and
Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S.
Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The
authors would like to thank PARS Environmental for conducting the
infiltration measurements, and Mr. Thomas O'Connor, Dr. Amy Rowe, and
Dr. Emilie Stander for their initial work in setting up the project.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 51
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9372
EI 1943-7870
J9 J ENVIRON ENG
JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 3
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000808
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC6UF
UT WOS:000332659800001
ER
PT J
AU Pandey, A
Shyam, A
Watkins, TR
Lara-Curzio, E
Stafford, RJ
Hemker, KJ
AF Pandey, Amit
Shyam, Amit
Watkins, Thomas R.
Lara-Curzio, Edgar
Stafford, Randy J.
Hemker, Kevin J.
TI The Uniaxial Tensile Response of Porous and Microcracked Ceramic
Materials
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNESIA-SPINEL COMPOSITES; SPRAYED ZIRCONIA COATINGS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; YOUNGS MODULUS; BEHAVIOR;
FRACTURE; CORDIERITE; FAILURE; CURVES
AB The uniaxial tensile stress-strain behavior of three porous ceramic materials was determined at ambient conditions. Test specimens in the form of thin beams were obtained from the walls of diesel particulate filter honeycombs and tested using a microtesting system. A digital image correlation technique was used to obtain full-field 2D in-plane surface displacement maps during tensile loading, and in turn, the 2D strains obtained from displacement fields were used to determine the Secant modulus, Young's modulus, and initial Poisson's ratio of the three porous ceramic materials. Successive unloading-reloading experiments were performed at different levels of stress to decouple the linear elastic, anelastic, and inelastic response in these materials. It was found that the stress-strain response of these materials was nonlinear and that the degree of nonlinearity is related to the initial microcrack density and evolution of damage in the material.
C1 [Pandey, Amit; Shyam, Amit; Watkins, Thomas R.; Lara-Curzio, Edgar] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pandey, Amit] Rolls Royce LG Fuel Cell Syst Inc, Reliabil Div, North Canton, OH 44720 USA.
[Stafford, Randy J.] Cummins Inc, Ceram & Catalyst Technol, Columbus, IN 47201 USA.
[Hemker, Kevin J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Pandey, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM dramitpandey@gmail.com
RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016;
OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329; Shyam, Amit/0000-0002-6722-4709
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of
the Propulsion Materials Program [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC.
FX We thank Andrew Wereszczak (ORNL) and Michael Lance (ORNL) for reviewing
the manuscript. We would also like to thank the reviewers whose comments
and feedback has greatly improved this manuscript. Research sponsored by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the
Propulsion Materials Program, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with
UT-Battelle, LLC.
NR 42
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 3
BP 899
EP 906
DI 10.1111/jace.12720
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA AC0OX
UT WOS:000332195700037
ER
PT J
AU Berryman, JG
AF Berryman, James G.
TI Hybrid effective medium approximations for random elastic composites
SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Elastic composites
ID EFFECTIVE VISCOELASTIC MODULI; LONG-WAVELENGTH PROPAGATION; MATRIX-BASED
COMPOSITES; SELF-CONSISTENT SCHEME; COMPLEX SHEAR MODULUS; MORI-TANAKA
THEORY; 2-PHASE MEDIA; RIGOROUS BOUNDS; 2-COMPONENT COMPOSITES;
VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLES
AB Several popular effective medium approximations for elastic constants of random composites are reformulated in terms of a pair of canonical functions and their transform variables. This choice of reformulation enables easier comparisons of the results of all these methods with rigorous bounds. Furthermore, insight into the various methods gained by taking this point of view suggests a number of new effective medium approximations that, in some cases, are natural variants and/or combinations (i.e., hybrids) of the existing ones, and in other cases are new ones based in part on the bounds themselves. Numerical comparisons are given for several standard inclusion models - including spherical, needle, and pennyshaped inclusions - as well as the penetrable sphere model. Of the various alternatives considered, a new method called the split-step differential (SSD) scheme is one of the more useful ones, as it simplifies the differential scheme by replacing half of this scheme's integration routines with a simple update formula for the bulk modulus. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd,MS 74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jgberryman@lbl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Geosciences Research Program of the DOE Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and
Biosciences
FX Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, at
the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Support was provided specifically by the Geosciences
Research Program of the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences.
NR 97
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6636
EI 1872-7743
J9 MECH MATER
JI Mech. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 115
EP 135
DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2013.11.003
PG 21
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA AC7ZM
UT WOS:000332752800010
ER
PT J
AU Dichosa, AEK
Daughton, AR
Reitenga, KG
Fitzsimons, MS
Han, CS
AF Dichosa, Armand E. K.
Daughton, Ashlynn R.
Reitenga, Krista G.
Fitzsimons, Michael S.
Han, Cliff S.
TI Capturing and cultivating single bacterial cells in gel microdroplets to
obtain near-complete genomes
SO NATURE PROTOCOLS
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; DARK-MATTER;
MICROORGANISMS; COMMUNITIES; ENUMERATION; PHYLOGENY; DIVERSITY;
SEQUENCES; INSIGHTS
AB Assembling a complete genome from a single bacterial cell, termed single-cell genomics, is challenging with current technologies. Recovery rates of complete genomes from fragmented assemblies of single-cell templates significantly vary. Although increasing the amount of genomic template material by standard cultivation improves recovery, most bacteria are unfortunately not amenable to traditional cultivation, possibly owing to the lack of unidentified, yet necessary, growth signals and/ or specific symbiotic influences. To overcome this limitation, we adopted and modified the method of cocultivation of single-captured bacterial cells in gel microdroplets (GMDs) to improve full genomic sequence recovery. By completing multiple genomes of two novel species derived from single cells, we demonstrated its efficacy on diverse bacterial species using human oral and gut microbiome samples. Here we describe a detailed protocol for capturing single bacterial cells, cocultivating them in medium and isolating microcolonies in GMDs with flow cytometry. Beginning with preliminary studies, obtaining GMDs with single microcolonies for whole-genome amplification may take similar to 4 weeks.
C1 [Dichosa, Armand E. K.; Daughton, Ashlynn R.; Reitenga, Krista G.; Fitzsimons, Michael S.; Han, Cliff S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genome Sci Programs, Bioenergy & Biome Sci B 11, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Han, CS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genome Sci Programs, Bioenergy & Biome Sci B 11, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM han_cliff@lanl.gov
OI Dichosa, Armand/0000-0003-0640-6629
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory through a Directed Research program
[20110034DR]
FX This work was supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory through a
Directed Research program with project code 20110034DR.
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 5
U2 40
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1754-2189
EI 1750-2799
J9 NAT PROTOC
JI Nat. Protoc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 3
BP 608
EP 621
DI 10.1038/nprot.2014.034
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AC0ZM
UT WOS:000332224000009
PM 24525754
ER
PT J
AU Xie, ZP
Sundstrom, JF
Jin, YK
Liu, CL
Jansson, C
Sun, CX
AF Xie, Zhoupeng
Sundstroem, Jens F.
Jin, Yunkai
Liu, Chunlin
Jansson, Christer
Sun, Chuanxin
TI A selection strategy in plant transformation based on antisense
oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition
SO PLANT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE endogenous plant genes; antibiotics and herbicides; Arabidopsis
thaliana; antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (asODN) inhibition; traits from
a selection marker; plant transformation; Oryza sativa; environmental
concerns; technical advance
ID SELECTABLE MARKER GENES; VIRUS-REPLICATION; BARLEY; SUGAR;
OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; TRANSCRIPTION; ALTERNATIVES; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER;
DELIVERY
AB Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (asODN) inhibition was developed in the 1970s, and since then has been widely used in animal research. However, in plant biology, the method has had limited application because plant cell walls significantly block efficient uptake of asODN to plant cells. Recently, we have found that asODN uptake is enhanced in a sugar solution. The method has promise for many applications, such as a rapid alternative to time-consuming transgenic studies, and high potential for studying gene functionality in intact plants and multiple plant species, with particular advantages in evaluating the roles of multiple gene family members. Generation of transgenic plants relies on the ability to select transformed cells. This screening process is based on co-introduction of marker genes into the plant cell together with a gene of interest. Currently, the most common marker genes are those that confer antibiotic or herbicide resistance. The possibility that traits introduced by selectable marker genes in transgenic field crops may be transferred horizontally is of major public concern. Marker genes that increase use of antibiotics and herbicides may increase development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains or contribute to weed resistance. Here, we describe a method for selection of transformed plant cells based on asODN inhibition. The method enables selective and high-throughput screening for transformed cells without conferring new traits or functions to the transgenic plants. Due to their high binding specificity, asODNs may also find applications as plant-specific DNA herbicides.
C1 [Xie, Zhoupeng; Sundstroem, Jens F.; Sun, Chuanxin] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Uppsala BioCtr, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Xie, Zhoupeng; Sundstroem, Jens F.; Sun, Chuanxin] Linnean Ctr Plant Biol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Jin, Yunkai; Liu, Chunlin] Hunan Agr Univ, Hunan Prov Key Lab Crop Germplasm Innovat & Utili, Changsha 410128, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Jansson, Christer] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jansson, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM cgjansson@lbl.gov; chuanxin.sun@slu.se
OI Sundstrom, Jens/0000-0003-2848-5284
FU Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and
Spatial Planning (Formas); SLU (Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences) Larosatesansokan Program (TC4F) for Team 4; Carl Trygger
Foundation [CTS 11: 450]; National Science Foundation of China
[31370389]; SLU program BarleyFunFood; Formas/Sida (The Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency) [220-2009-2069]; US
Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory; Vinnova
FX We are especially grateful to Sten Stymne (Department of Plant Breeding,
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 101, 230 53
Alnarp, Sweden) for encouragement and advice in many strategic aspects
of the work. We thank Gunilla Sward for Arabidopsis transformation, and
Satish Nalawade and Xia Yan for assistance in tissue culture and
quantitative PCR experiments. We are grateful to Bjorn Ingemarsson (SLU
Holding AB, Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden), Magus Engevik
(SLU Holding AB, Uppsala Science Park, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden), Henrik
Sjolander (Aros Patent AB, P.O. Box 1544, 751 45 Uppsala, Sweden) and
Gerald Pettersson (Forskarpatent i Uppsala AB, Uppsala Science Park, 751
83 Uppsala, Sweden) for discussions concerning the layout of the
experiments. This work was funded by the Swedish Research Council for
Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) under
the Strategic Research Area for the Trees and Crops Building the
Bioeconomy Program, the SLU (Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences) Larosatesansokan Program (TC4F) for Team 4 supported by
Vinnova, the Carl Trygger Foundation (project number CTS 11: 450), the
National Science Foundation of China (project number 31370389), the SLU
program BarleyFunFood, a joint Formas/Sida (The Swedish International
Development Cooperation Agency)-funded program (project number
220-2009-2069) on sustainable development in developing countries, and
in part by the US Department of Energy (contract DEAC02-05CH11231) with
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0960-7412
EI 1365-313X
J9 PLANT J
JI Plant J.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 77
IS 6
BP 954
EP 961
DI 10.1111/tpj.12433
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AC4PP
UT WOS:000332503500011
PM 24438514
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, WS
Mayeda, KM
Malagnini, L
AF Phillips, W. Scott
Mayeda, Kevin M.
Malagnini, Luca
TI How to Invert Multi-Band, Regional Phase Amplitudes for 2-D Attenuation
and Source Parameters: Tests Using the USArray
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; LG WAVE-PROPAGATION; CODA-Q; SEISMIC
DISCRIMINATION; CENTRAL-ASIA; TOMOGRAPHY; SPECTRA; CHINA; EARTHQUAKES;
CALIFORNIA
AB We inverted for laterally varying attenuation, absolute site terms, moments and apparent stress using over 460,000 Lg amplitudes recorded by the USArray for frequencies between 0.5 and 16 Hz. Corner frequencies of Wells, Nevada, aftershocks, obtained by independent analysis of coda spectral ratios, controlled the tradeoff between attenuation and stress, while independently determined moments from St. Louis University and the University of California constrained absolute levels. The quality factor, Q, was low for coastal regions and interior volcanic and tectonic areas, and high for stable regions such as the Great Plains, and Colorado and Columbia Plateaus. Q increased with frequency, and the rate of increase correlated inversely with 1-Hz Q, with highest rates in low-Q tectonic regions, and lowest rates in high-Q stable areas. Moments matched independently determined moments with a scatter of 0.2 NM. Apparent stress ranged from below 0.01 to above 1 MPa, with means of 0.1 MPa for smaller events, and 0.3 MPa for larger events. Stress was observed to be spatially coherent in some areas; for example, stress was lower along the San Andreas fault through central and northern California, and higher in the Walker Lane, and for isolated sequences such as Wells. Variance reduction relative to 1-D models ranged from 50 to 90 % depending on band and inversion method. Parameterizing frequency dependent Q as a power law produced little misfit relative to a collection of independent, multi-band Q models, and performed better than the omega-square source parameterization in that sense. Amplitude residuals showed modest, but regionally coherent patterns that varied from event to event, even between those with similar source mechanisms, indicating a combination of focal mechanism, and near source propagation effects played a role. An exception was the Wells mainshock, which produced dramatic amplitude patterns due to its directivity, and was thus excluded from the inversions. The 2-D Q plus absolute site models can be used for high accuracy, broad area source spectra, magnitude and yield estimation, and, in combination with models for all regional phases, can be used to improve discrimination, in particular for intermediate bands that allow coverage to be extended beyond that available for high frequency P-to-S discriminants.
C1 [Phillips, W. Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mayeda, Kevin M.] Weston Geophys, Lexington, MA USA.
[Malagnini, Luca] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Rome, Italy.
RP Phillips, WS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM phillipsfive505@comcast.net
FU US DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This study relied on waveform and ancillary data collected by the
Earthscope USArray project. Waveforms we used included contributions
from the ANZA Regional, Berkeley Digital Seismograph, Caltech Regional
Seismic, Global Seismograph, Western Great Basin, USArray Transportable,
US National Seismic, and U. Utah Regional networks. We further
acknowledge the Array Operations Facility (NMT), the Array Network
Facility (UCSD), and the IRIS Data Mangement Center for efforts to
collect and archive USArray data for use by the scientific community. We
also thank Robert Herrmann, Douglas Dreger, and students for their
timely production of moment tensor results for public consumption. SAC
and GMT software were used for processing and display. We greatly
appreciate input from two anonymous reviewers. WSP thanks Mark Fisk for
discussions about application of source constraints in Asia, and Michael
Fehler for introducing the author to source parameter-attenuation
inversions many years ago. Publication of this research was supported by
the US DOE under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 18
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 469
EP 484
DI 10.1007/s00024-013-0646-1
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900009
ER
PT J
AU Xu, HM
Rodgers, AJ
Lomov, IN
Vorobiev, OY
AF Xu, Heming
Rodgers, Arthur J.
Lomov, Ilya N.
Vorobiev, Oleg Y.
TI Seismic Source Characteristics of Nuclear and Chemical Explosions in
Granite from Hydrodynamic Simulations
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVES; PENETRATION; AMPLITUDES; ENERGIES; ROCK
AB Seismic source characteristics of low-yield (0.5-5 kt) underground explosions are inferred from hydrodynamic simulations using a granite material model on high-performance (parallel) computers. We use a non-linear rheological model for granite calibrated to historical near-field nuclear test data. Equivalent elastic P-wave source spectra are derived from the simulated hydrodynamic response using reduced velocity potentials. Source spectra and parameters are compared with the models of Mueller and Murphy (Bull Seism Soc Am 61:1675-1692, 1971, hereafter MM71) and Denny and Johnson (Explosion source phenomenology, pp 1-24, 1991, hereafter DJ91). The source spectra inferred from the simulations of different yields at normal scaled depth-of-burial (SDOB) match the MM71 spectra reasonably well. For normally buried nuclear explosions, seismic moments are larger for the hydrodynamic simulations than MM71 (by 25 %) and for DJ91 (by over a factor of 2), however, the scaling of moment with yield across this low-yield range is consistent for our calculations and the two models. Spectra from our simulations show higher corner frequencies at the lower end of the 0.5-5.0 kt yield range and stronger variation with yield than the MM71 and DJ91 models predict. The spectra from our simulations have additional energy above the corner frequency, probably related to non-linear near-source effects, but at high frequencies the spectral slopes agree with the f (-2) predictions of MM71. Simulations of nuclear explosions for a range of SDOB from 0.5 to 3.9 show stronger variations in the seismic moment than predicted by the MM71 and DJ91 models. Chemical explosions are found to generate higher moments by a factor of about two compared to nuclear explosions of the same yield in granite and at normal depth-of-burial, broadly consistent with comparisons of nuclear and chemical shots at the US Nevada Test Site (Denny, Proceeding of symposium on the non-proliferation experiment, Rockville, Maryland, 1994). For all buried explosions, the region of permanent deformation and material damage is not spherical but extends along the free surface above and away from the source. The effect of damage induced by a normally buried nuclear explosion on seismic radiation is explored by comparing the motions from hydrodynamic simulations with those for point-source elastic Green's functions. Results show that radiation emerging at downward takeoff angles appears to be dominated by the expected isotropic source contribution, while at shallower angles the motions are complicated by near-surface damage and cannot be represented with the addition of a simple secondary compensated linear vector dipole point source above the shot point. The agreement and differences of simulated source spectra with the MM71 and DJ91 models motivates the use of numerical simulations to understand observed motions and investigate seismic source features for underground explosions in various emplacement media and conditions, including non-linear rheological effects such as material strength and porosity.
C1 [Xu, Heming; Rodgers, Arthur J.; Lomov, Ilya N.; Vorobiev, Oleg Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Xu, HM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM rodgers7@llnl.gov
RI Rodgers, Arthur/E-2443-2011
FU National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Nuclear
Nonproliferation Research and Development; US Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Discussions with and comments from Bill Walter, Sean Ford and Karl Koch
and reviews by the editors and two anonymous referees greatly improved
the manuscript. We thank Lew Glenn and Tarabay Antoun for the historical
granite explosion data and insightful discussions. We are grateful to
the Institute for Scientific Computing Research (ISCR) at LLNL for a
Computing Grand Challenge allocation to undertake these calculations.
Simulations were performed on the SIERRA Linux cluster operated by
Livermore Computing. Funding for this project was provided by the
National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Defense Nuclear
Nonproliferation Research and Development. This work performed under the
auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL contribution
LLNL-JC-519253.
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 507
EP 521
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0623-0
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900011
ER
PT J
AU Pasyanos, ME
Ford, SR
Walter, WR
AF Pasyanos, Michael E.
Ford, Sean R.
Walter, William R.
TI Testing Event Discrimination over Broad Regions using the Historical
Borovoye Observatory Explosion Dataset
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nuclear explosion monitoring; regional discrimination; attenuation;
event identification
ID PEACEFUL NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; SEISMIC DISCRIMINATION; WESTERN CHINA;
TEST-SITE; EARTHQUAKES; KAZAKSTAN
AB We test the performance of high-frequency regional P/S discriminants to differentiate between earthquakes and explosions at test sites and over broad regions using a historical dataset of explosions recorded at the Borovoye Observatory in Kazakhstan. We compare these explosions to modern recordings of earthquakes at the same location. We then evaluate the separation of the two types of events using the raw measurements and those where the amplitudes are corrected for 1-D and 2-D attenuation structure. We find that high-frequency P/S amplitudes can reliably identify earthquakes and explosions, and that the discriminant is applicable over broad regions as long as propagation effects are properly accounted for. Lateral attenuation corrections provide the largest improvement in the 2-4 Hz band, the use of which may successfully enable the identification of smaller, distant events that have lower signal-to-noise at higher frequencies. We also find variations in P/S ratios among the three main nuclear testing locations within the Semipalatinsk Test Site which, due to their nearly identical paths to BRVK, must be a function of differing geology and emplacement conditions.
C1 [Pasyanos, Michael E.; Ford, Sean R.; Walter, William R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Pasyanos, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM pasyanos1@llnl.gov
RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013; Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013; Ford,
Sean/F-9191-2011
OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616; Ford, Sean/0000-0002-0376-5792
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work would not be possible without the tireless efforts of
researchers at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Los Alamos
National Laboratory in compiling, deglitching and determining the
instrument responses for thirty years of Borovoye data. We also thank
the many people who worked at the Borovoye Observatory over the years to
enable the decades of acquisition of digital recordings of seismic
ground motion. This data is accessible at
http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/Monitoring/Arch/BRV_arch_deglitched.
html. We thank Paul Richards for providing boundaries of the
Semipalatinsk Test Site (http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/similar to
richards/Semi.boundaries.html). We thank Terri Hauk and Stan Ruppert for
maintaining the LLNL Seismic Research Database, Eric Matzel for making
many of the amplitude measurements used in this study, and Alan
Sicherman for his assistance with statistical analysis. We also thank
Doug Dodge and Mike Ganzberger for the Regional Bodywave Amplitude
Processor (RBAP), the tool used to make our amplitude measurements. This
work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
This is LLNL contribution LLNL-JRNL-516095.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 7
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 523
EP 535
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0591-4
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900012
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, DN
Patton, HJ
Taylor, SR
Bonner, JL
Selby, ND
AF Anderson, D. N.
Patton, H. J.
Taylor, S. R.
Bonner, J. L.
Selby, N. D.
TI Sources of Error and the Statistical Formulation of M (S): m (b) Seismic
Event Screening Analysis
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNITUDE; SURFACE; DISTANCE; DISCRIMINATION; WAVES
AB The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), a global ban on nuclear explosions, is currently in a ratification phase. Under the CTBT, an International Monitoring System (IMS) of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic and radionuclide sensors is operational, and the data from the IMS is analysed by the International Data Centre (IDC). The IDC provides CTBT signatories basic seismic event parameters and a screening analysis indicating whether an event exhibits explosion characteristics (for example, shallow depth). An important component of the screening analysis is a statistical test of the null hypothesis H (0): explosion characteristics using empirical measurements of seismic energy (magnitudes). The established magnitude used for event size is the body-wave magnitude (denoted m (b)) computed from the initial segment of a seismic waveform. IDC screening analysis is applied to events with m (b) greater than 3.5. The Rayleigh wave magnitude (denoted M (S)) is a measure of later arriving surface wave energy. Magnitudes are measurements of seismic energy that include adjustments (physical correction model) for path and distance effects between event and station. Relative to m (b), earthquakes generally have a larger M (S) magnitude than explosions. This article proposes a hypothesis test (screening analysis) using M (S) and m (b) that expressly accounts for physical correction model inadequacy in the standard error of the test statistic. With this hypothesis test formulation, the 2009 Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea announced nuclear weapon test fails to reject the null hypothesis H (0): explosion characteristics.
C1 [Anderson, D. N.; Patton, H. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Taylor, S. R.] Rocky Mt Geophys, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Bonner, J. L.] Weston Geophys, Lexington, MA USA.
[Selby, N. D.] AWE Blacknest, Reading, Berks, England.
RP Anderson, DN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dand@lanl.gov
FU National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and
Treaty Verification Research and Development; US Department of Energy by
Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA24596]
FX The authors acknowledge the support of Ms. Leslie A. Casey and the
National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and
Treaty Verification Research and Development for funding this work. This
work was completed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by
Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-06NA24596. We
thank Dr. Dmitry Storchak, Director of the International Seismological
Centre, for his support in the acquisition of the data used in this
article. We also thank Dr. Ronan Le Bras, Head of the Software
Integration Unit at the International Data Centre, for providing
important context in regard to event screening.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 537
EP 547
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0627-9
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900013
ER
PT J
AU Arrowsmith, S
Norris, D
Whitaker, R
Anderson, D
AF Arrowsmith, Stephen
Norris, David
Whitaker, Rod
Anderson, Dale
TI Sources of Error Model and Progress Metrics for Acoustic/Infrasonic
Analysis: Location Estimation
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Infrasound; event location; nuclear explosion monitoring
ID INFRASOUND; EXPLOSIONS; PROPAGATION; ARRAYS; GDOP
AB How well can we locate events using infrasound? This question has obvious implications for the use of infrasound within the context of nuclear explosion monitoring, and can be used to inform decision makers on the capability and limitations of infrasound as a sensing modality. This paper attempts to answer this question in the context of regional networks by quantifying current capability and estimating future capability using an example regional network in Utah. This example is contrasted with a sparse network over a large geographical region (representative of the IMS network). As a metric, we utilize the location precision, a measure of the total geographic area in which an event may occur at a 95 % confidence level. Our results highlight the relative importance of backazimuth and arrival time constraints under different scenarios (dense vs. sparse networks), and quantify the precision capability of the Utah network under different scenarios. The final section of this paper outlines the research and development required to achieve the estimated future location precision capability.
C1 [Arrowsmith, Stephen; Whitaker, Rod; Anderson, Dale] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Norris, David] Appl Phys Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Arrowsmith, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM sarrowsmith@gmail.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX We thank David Green for his comments and suggestions on a draft of this
manuscript and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback.
We also thank Leslie Casey for proposing this manuscript and for funding
this work. This work was completed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 587
EP 597
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0576-3
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900017
ER
PT J
AU Carrigan, CR
Sun, YW
AF Carrigan, Charles R.
Sun, Yunwei
TI Detection of Noble Gas Radionuclides from an Underground Nuclear
Explosion During a CTBT On-Site Inspection
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Noble gas; soil gas transport; CTBT; underground nuclear explosion;
on-site inspection; soil gas sampling; radionuclide background
ID TEST-BAN TREATY; FAULTS; TRANSPORT; RADON
AB The development of a technically sound approach to detecting the subsurface release of noble gas radionuclides is a critical component of the on-site inspection (OSI) protocol under the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. In this context, we are investigating a variety of technical challenges that have a significant bearing on policy development and technical guidance regarding the detection of noble gases and the creation of a technically justifiable OSI concept of operation. The work focuses on optimizing the ability to capture radioactive noble gases subject to the constraints of possible OSI scenarios. This focus results from recognizing the difficulty of detecting gas releases in geologic environments-a lesson we learned previously from the non-proliferation experiment (NPE). Most of our evaluations of a sampling or transport issue necessarily involve computer simulations. This is partly due to the lack of OSI-relevant field data, such as that provided by the NPE, and partly a result of the ability of computer-based models to test a range of geologic and atmospheric scenarios far beyond what could ever be studied by field experiments, making this approach very highly cost effective. We review some highlights of the transport and sampling issues we have investigated and complete the discussion of these issues with a description of a preliminary design for subsurface sampling that addresses some of the sampling challenges discussed here.
C1 [Carrigan, Charles R.; Sun, Yunwei] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Carrigan, CR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM carrigan1@LLNL.gov
RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010
FU Office of Nuclear Verification, US Department of Energy [NA-243]; Office
of Proliferation Detection, US Department of Energy [NA-221]; US
Fulbright Program; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was funded by the Office of Nuclear Verification (NA-243) with
additional support provided by the Office of Proliferation Detection
(NA-221), US Department of Energy. C. R. CARRIGAN also thanks the US
Fulbright Program for support while on a research sabbatical at
Cambridge University during which some of the problems considered here
were initially formulated. Some of our thoughts have benefited from
recent work at the Nevada Nuclear Security Site with support from NSTec
staff. Finally, we thank Jerry Sweeney (LLNL) and Guy Brachet (CEA,
France) and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful and supportive
comments. This work was performed under the auspices of the US
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 25
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 717
EP 734
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0563-8
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900027
ER
PT J
AU Sun, YW
Carrigan, CR
AF Sun, Yunwei
Carrigan, Charles R.
TI Modeling Noble Gas Transport and Detection for The Comprehensive
Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Noble gas; transport; CTBT; detection; modeling
ID POROUS-MEDIA; FRACTURED ROCK; EXPLOSIONS
AB Detonation gases released by an underground nuclear test include trace amounts of Xe-133 and Ar-37. In the context of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, On Site Inspection Protocol, such gases released from or sampled at the soil surface could be used to indicate the occurrence of an explosion in violation of the treaty. To better estimate the levels of detectability from an underground nuclear test (UNE), we developed mathematical models to evaluate the processes of Xe-133 and Ar-37 transport in fractured rock. Two models are developed respectively for representing thermal and isothermal transport. When the thermal process becomes minor under the condition of low temperature and low liquid saturation, the subsurface system is described using an isothermal and single-gas-phase transport model and barometric pumping becomes the major driving force to deliver Xe-133 and Ar-37 to the ground surface. A thermal test is simulated using a nonisothermal and two-phase transport model. In the model, steam production and bubble expansion are the major processes driving noble gas components to ground surface. After the temperature in the chimney drops below boiling, barometric pumping takes over the role as the major transport process.
C1 [Sun, Yunwei; Carrigan, Charles R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sun, YW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM sun4@llnl.gov
RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010
FU Office of Nuclear Verification, US Department of Energy [NA-243]; US
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The authors wish to thank anonymous reviewers and Chuanhe Lu and Jerry
J. Sweeney at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for their careful
review and helpful comments that led to an improved manuscript. This
research was funded by Office of Nuclear Verification (NA-243), US
Department of Energy and performed under the auspices of the US
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 12
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 735
EP 750
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0514-4
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900028
ER
PT J
AU Henderson, JR
Smith, MO
Zelinski, ME
AF Henderson, John R.
Smith, Milton O.
Zelinski, Michael E.
TI Overhead Detection of Underground Nuclear Explosions by Multi-Spectral
and Infrared Imaging
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty; CTBT; remote sensing;
multi-spectral imaging; infrared imaging; underground nuclear explosion;
on-site inspection
ID TESTS; CLASSIFICATION
AB The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty allows for Multi-Spectral and Infrared Imaging from an aircraft and on the ground to help reduce the search area for an underground nuclear explosion from the initial 1,000 km(2). Satellite data, primarily from Landsat, have been used as a surrogate for aircraft data to investigate whether there are any multi-spectral features associated with the nuclear tests in Pakistan, India or North Korea. It is shown that there are multi-spectral observables on the ground that can be associated with the nominal surface ground zero for at least some of these explosions, and that these are likely to be found by measurements allowed by the treaty.
C1 [Henderson, John R.; Smith, Milton O.; Zelinski, Michael E.] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Henderson, JR (reprint author), LLNL, Livermore, CA USA.
EM henderson9@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 3-5
BP 763
EP 777
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0574-5
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC7XE
UT WOS:000332745900030
ER
PT J
AU Pavuk, M
Olson, JR
Sjodin, A
Wolff, P
Turner, WE
Shelton, C
Dutton, ND
Bartell, S
AF Pavuk, M.
Olson, J. R.
Sjoedin, A.
Wolff, P.
Turner, W. E.
Shelton, C.
Dutton, N. D.
Bartell, S.
CA Anniston Environm Hlth Res Consort
TI Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in participants
of the Anniston Community Health Survey
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; Anniston; Exposure
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY;
MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS;
NATIONAL-HEALTH; THYROID-HORMONES; BODY BURDEN; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION;
ADULTS
AB Serum concentrations of 35 ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) were measured in 765 adults from Anniston, Alabama, where PCBs were manufactured between 1929 and 1971. As part of the Anniston Community Health Survey (ACHS), demographic data, questionnaire information, and blood samples were collected from participants in 2005-2007. Forty-six percent of study participants were African-American, 70% were female, and the median age was 56 years. The median concentration of the sum of 35 PCB congeners (Sigma PCBs) was 528 ng/g lipid, with a 90th percentile of 2600 ng/g lipid, minimum of 17.0 ng/g lipid, and maximum of 27,337 ng/g lipid. The least square geometric mean Sigma PCBs was more than 25 times higher for African-American participants than for White participants (866 ng/ g lipid vs. 331 ng/g lipid); this difference did not change materially after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and current smoking. In spite of large differences in absolute PCB levels, relative contributions of individual congeners to Sigma PCBs were quite similar between race groups. Nevertheless, while percent contributions to Sigma PCBs for most of the most abundant penta- to heptachlorobiphenyls were higher among African-Americans, the percentages were higher in Whites for the lower-chlorinated PCBs 28 and 74 and for octa- to decachlorinated PCBs. No major differences were observed in geometric mean Sigma PCBs between women and men when adjusted for age, race, BMI and current smoking (516 ng/g lipid vs. 526 ng/g lipid). Principal component analysis revealed groups of co-varying congeners that appear to be determined by chlorine substitution patterns. These congener groupings were similar between ACHS participants and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-04 sample of the general United States population, despite ACHS participants having serum concentrations of Sigma FCBs two to three times higher than those in comparable age and race groups from NHANES. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Pavuk, M.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Olson, J. R.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Sjoedin, A.; Turner, W. E.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Wolff, P.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Shelton, C.] Jacksonville State Univ, Jacksonville, AL USA.
[Dutton, N. D.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Bartell, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
RP Pavuk, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM MPavuk@cdc.gov
RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010;
OI Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534
FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [5U50TS473215]
FX The data used for the present study were collected using a grant from
the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to Jacksonville
State University, # 5U50TS473215. The findings and conclusions in this
report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the
views of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.
NR 74
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 473
BP 286
EP 297
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.041
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AB6UB
UT WOS:000331923900034
PM 24374590
ER
PT J
AU Chen, H
Mustafi, SM
LeMaster, DM
Li, Z
Heroux, A
Li, HM
Hernandez, G
AF Chen, Hui
Mustafi, Sourajit M.
LeMaster, David M.
Li, Zhong
Heroux, Annie
Li, Hongmin
Hernandez, Griselda
TI Crystal structure and conformational flexibility of the unligated
FK506-binding protein FKBP12.6
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARDIAC RYANODINE RECEPTOR; FK506 BINDING-PROTEINS; TGF-BETA RECEPTOR;
HEART-FAILURE; SELECTIVE BINDING; NMR EXPERIMENTS; CALCINEURIN; COMPLEX;
DOMAIN; RAPAMYCIN
AB The primary known physiological function of FKBP12.6 involves its role in regulating the RyR2 isoform of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ channels in cardiac muscle, pancreatic beta islets and the central nervous system. With only a single previously reported X-ray structure of FKBP12.6, bound to the immunosuppressant rapamycin, structural inferences for this protein have been drawn from the more extensive studies of the homologous FKBP12. X-ray structures at 1.70 and 1.90 angstrom resolution from P2(1) and P3(1)21 crystal forms are reported for an unligated cysteine-free variant of FKBP12.6 which exhibit a notable diversity of conformations. In one monomer from the P3(1)21 crystal form, the aromatic ring of Phe59 at the base of the active site is rotated perpendicular to its typical orientation, generating a steric conflict for the immunosuppressant-binding mode. The peptide unit linking Gly89 and Val90 at the tip of the protein-recognition '80s loop' is flipped in the P2(1) crystal form. Unlike the >30 reported FKBP12 structures, the backbone conformation of this loop closely follows that of the first FKBP domain of FKBP51. The NMR resonances for 21 backbone amides of FKBP12.6 are doubled, corresponding to a slow conformational transition centered near the tip of the 80s loop, as recently reported for 31 amides of FKBP12. The comparative absence of doubling for residues along the opposite face of the active-site pocket in FKBP12.6 may in part reflect attenuated structural coupling owing to increased conformational plasticity around the Phe59 ring.
C1 [Chen, Hui; Mustafi, Sourajit M.; LeMaster, David M.; Li, Zhong; Li, Hongmin; Hernandez, Griselda] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA.
[LeMaster, David M.; Li, Hongmin; Hernandez, Griselda] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biomed Sci, Albany, NY 12201 USA.
[Heroux, Annie] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Hernandez, G (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201 USA.
EM griselda@wadsworth.org
OI Li, Hongmin/0000-0002-8684-5308
FU National Institutes of Health [GM 088214]; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of US Department of Energy; Office of Basic
Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Center for
Research Resources [P41RR012408]; National Institute of General Medical
Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [P41GM103473]
FX We acknowledge the use of the NMR facility, X-ray crystallography and
Molecular Genetics cores at the Wadsworth Center as well as the NMR
facility at the New York Structural Biology Center. One set of
diffraction data for this study was measured on beamline X25 of the
National Synchrotron Light Source. This work was supported in part by
National Institutes of Health (GM 088214). Financial support for
beamline X25 of the National Synchrotron Light Source comes principally
from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic
Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy, and from the National
Center for Research Resources (P41RR012408) and the National Institute
of General Medical Sciences (P41GM103473) of the National Institutes of
Health.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1399-0047
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 636
EP 646
DI 10.1107/S1399004713032112
PN 3
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA AC3HC
UT WOS:000332406600003
PM 24598733
ER
PT J
AU Song, JX
Xu, T
Gordin, ML
Zhu, PY
Lv, DP
Jiang, YB
Chen, YS
Duan, YH
Wang, DH
AF Song, Jiangxuan
Xu, Terrence
Gordin, Mikhail L.
Zhu, Pengyu
Lv, Dongping
Jiang, Ying-Bing
Chen, Yongsheng
Duan, Yuhua
Wang, Donghai
TI Nitrogen- Doped Mesoporous Carbon Promoted Chemical Adsorption of Sulfur
and Fabrication of High- Areal- Capacity Sulfur Cathode with Exceptional
Cycling Stability for Lithium- Sulfur Batteries
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE cathodes; nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon; lithium-sulfur batteries;
areal capacity; chemical adsorption
ID LI-S BATTERIES; ION BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; LIQUID
ELECTROLYTE; RATE CAPABILITY; GRAPHENE OXIDE; NANOTUBES; COMPOSITES;
INTERLAYER; STORAGE
AB As one important component of sulfur cathodes, the carbon host plays a key role in the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. In this paper, a mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon (MPNC)-sulfur nanocomposite is reported as a novel cathode for advanced Li-S batteries. The nitrogen doping in the MPNC material can effectively promote chemical adsorption between sulfur atoms and oxygen functional groups on the carbon, as verified by X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, and the mechanism by which nitrogen enables the behavior is further revealed by density functional theory calculations. Based on the advantages of the porous structure and nitrogen doping, the MPNC-sulfur cathodes show excellent cycling stability (95% retention within 100 cycles) at a high current density of 0.7 mAh cm(-2) with a high sulfur loading (4.2 mg S cm(-2)) and a sulfur content (70 wt%). A high areal capacity (approximate to 3.3 mAh cm(-2)) is demonstrated by using the novel cathode, which is crucial for the practical application of Li-S batteries. It is believed that the important role of nitrogen doping promoted chemical adsorption can be extended for development of other high performance carbon-sulfur composite cathodes for Li-S batteries.
C1 [Song, Jiangxuan; Xu, Terrence; Gordin, Mikhail L.; Lv, Dongping; Wang, Donghai] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Zhu, Pengyu; Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, EMS Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Zhu, Pengyu; Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Jiang, Ying-Bing] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Duan, Yuhua] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Song, JX (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM dwang@psu.edu
RI Wang, Donghai/L-1150-2013; Xu, Terrence/M-8741-2014; Chen,
Yongsheng/P-4800-2014; Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011; Song,
Jiangxuan/G-8536-2015
OI Wang, Donghai/0000-0001-7261-8510; Xu, Terrence/0000-0002-9385-6881;
Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142;
FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-EE0005475]
FX J.S. and T.X. contributed equally to this work. This work was supported
by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-EE0005475. The authors thank Dr. Daniel Fischer and Dr.
Cherno Jaye for their help with the XANES measurements on U7A Beam-line
at National Synchrotron Light Source.
NR 58
TC 284
Z9 285
U1 113
U2 747
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
EI 1616-3028
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 9
BP 1243
EP 1250
DI 10.1002/adfm.201302631
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AC2NC
UT WOS:000332337000007
ER
PT J
AU Kang, M
Perfect, E
Cheng, CL
Bilheux, HZ
Lee, J
Horita, J
Warren, JM
AF Kang, M.
Perfect, E.
Cheng, C. L.
Bilheux, H. Z.
Lee, J.
Horita, J.
Warren, J. M.
TI Multiple pixel-scale soil water retention curves quantified by neutron
radiography
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Point water retention curves; Neutron radiography; Quantification
ID HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; TOMOGRAPHY; FLOW; DRAINAGE; AVERAGE
AB The soil water retention function is needed for modeling multiphase flow in porous media. Traditional techniques for measuring the soil water retention function, such as the hanging water column or pressure cell methods, yield average water retention data which have to be modeled using inverse procedures to extract relevant point parameters. In this study, we have developed a technique for directly measuring multiple point (pixel-scale) water retention curves for a repacked sand material using 2-D neutron radiography. Neutron radiographic images were obtained under quasi-equilibrium conditions at nine imposed basal matric potentials during monotonic drying of Flint sand at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) Cold Guide (CG) 1D beamline at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. All of the images were normalized with respect to an image of the oven dry sand column. Volumetric water contents were computed on a pixel by pixel basis using an empirical calibration equation after taking into account beam hardening and geometric corrections. Corresponding matric potentials were calculated from the imposed basal matric potential and pixel elevations. Volumetric water content and matric potential data pairs corresponding to 120 selected pixels were used to construct 120 point water retention curves. Each curve was fitted to the Brooks and Corey equation using segmented non-linear regression in SAS. A 98.5% convergence rate was achieved resulting in 115 estimates of the four Brooks and Corey parameters. A single Brooks and Corey point water retention function was constructed for Flint sand using the median values of these parameter estimates. This curve corresponded closely with the point Brooks and Corey function inversely extracted from the average water retention data using TrueCell. Forward numerical simulations performed using HYDRUS 1-D showed that the cumulative outflows predicted using the point Brooks and Corey functions from both the direct (neutron radiography) and inverse (TrueCell) methods were in good agreement with independent measurements of cumulative outflow determined with a transducer. Our results indicate that neutron radiography can be used to quantify the point water retention curve of homogeneous mineral particles. Further research will be needed to extend this approach to more heterogeneous porous media. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kang, M.; Perfect, E.; Cheng, C. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kang, M.; Bilheux, H. Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Lee, J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Horita, J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Cheng, C. L.; Warren, J. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kang, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM mkang9@utk.edu
RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Bilheux, Hassina/H-4289-2012; Cheng,
Chu-Lin/G-3471-2013
OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Bilheux,
Hassina/0000-0001-8574-2449; Cheng, Chu-Lin/0000-0002-1900-463X
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge
National Laboratory; Joint Directed Research and Development (JDRD)
Program of the University of Tennessee UT-ORNL Science Alliance;
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy
FX This Research was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD) Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the
Joint Directed Research and Development (JDRD) Program of the University
of Tennessee UT-ORNL Science Alliance. The Authors thank Sophie Voisin,
Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, ORNL for her
contributions to the development of the MATLAB image analysis code. The
Authors also acknowledge the assistance of various HFIR support groups
and individuals, including the Machine Shop, the Instrument Development
Group, Lakeisha Walker, Jaimie Werner, and Brent Taylor. This Research
at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was
sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, which is managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
EI 1872-9657
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 65
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.12.004
PG 8
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AC3CL
UT WOS:000332392500001
ER
PT J
AU Jasrotia, P
Green, SJ
Canion, A
Overholt, WA
Prakash, O
Wafula, D
Hubbard, D
Watson, DB
Schadt, CW
Brooks, SC
Kostka, JE
AF Jasrotia, Puja
Green, Stefan J.
Canion, Andy
Overholt, Will A.
Prakash, Om
Wafula, Denis
Hubbard, Daniela
Watson, David B.
Schadt, Christopher W.
Brooks, Scott C.
Kostka, Joel E.
TI Watershed-Scale Fungal Community Characterization along a pH Gradient in
a Subsurface Environment Cocontaminated with Uranium and Nitrate
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROUS-OXIDE PRODUCTION; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; DENITRIFYING
BACTERIA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; CYTOCHROME P450NOR;
LANDFILL LEACHATE; DENITRIFICATION; DIVERSITY; NITRITE
AB The objective of this study was to characterize fungal communities in a subsurface environment cocontaminated with uranium and nitrate at the watershed scale and to determine the potential contribution of fungi to contaminant transformation (nitrate attenuation). The abundance, distribution, and diversity of fungi in subsurface groundwater samples were determined using quantitative and semiquantitative molecular techniques, including quantitative PCR of eukaryotic small-subunit rRNA genes and pyrosequencing of fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Potential bacterial and fungal denitrification was assessed in sediment-groundwater slurries amended with antimicrobial compounds and in fungal pure cultures isolated from the subsurface. Our results demonstrate that subsurface fungal communities are dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, and a pronounced shift in fungal community composition occurs across the groundwater pH gradient at the field site, with lower diversity observed under acidic (pH <4.5) conditions. Fungal isolates recovered from subsurface sediments, including cultures of the genus Coniochaeta, which were detected in abundance in pyrosequence libraries of site groundwater samples, were shown to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide. Denitrifying fungal isolates recovered from the site were classified and found to be distributed broadly within the phylum Ascomycota and within a single genus of the Basidiomycota. Potential denitrification rate assays with sediment-groundwater slurries showed the potential for subsurface fungi to reduce nitrate to nitrous oxide under in situ acidic pH conditions.
C1 [Jasrotia, Puja] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, Res Resource Ctr, DNA Serv Facil, Chicago, IL USA.
[Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA.
[Overholt, Will A.; Kostka, Joel E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Overholt, Will A.; Kostka, Joel E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Prakash, Om] Natl Ctr Cell Sci, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
[Wafula, Denis] UNM Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Hubbard, Daniela] Sequenom Inc, San Diego, CA USA.
[Watson, David B.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Brooks, Scott C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Kostka, JE (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM joel.kostka@biology.gatech.edu
RI Canion, Andy/Q-2397-2015; Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Watson,
David/C-3256-2016; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008;
OI Canion, Andy/0000-0003-1604-7631; Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788;
Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136; Schadt,
Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Green, Stefan/0000-0003-2781-359X
FU Office of Science (Biological and Environmental Research [BER]), U.S.
Department of Energy [DEFG02-07ER64373, -97ER62469, -97ER64398]; Oak
Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge; UT-Battelle LLC
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (Biological and
Environmental Research [BER]), U.S. Department of Energy, grants
DEFG02-07ER64373, -97ER62469, and -97ER64398 and by the Oak Ridge
Integrated Field Research Challenge, operated by the Environmental
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed
by UT-Battelle LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no.
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 76
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 40
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 6
BP 1810
EP 1820
DI 10.1128/AEM.03423-13
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AB8FO
UT WOS:000332025800001
PM 24389927
ER
PT J
AU Singaravelu, S
Klopf, JM
Schriver, KE
Park, HK
Kelley, MJ
Haglund, RF
AF Singaravelu, S.
Klopf, J. M.
Schriver, K. E.
Park, H. K.
Kelley, M. J.
Haglund, R. F., Jr.
TI Resonant infrared pulsed laser deposition of cyclic olefin copolymer
films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
ID ABLATION; MECHANISMS
AB Barrier materials on thin-film organic optoelectronic devices inhibit the uptake of water, oxygen, or environmental contaminants, and fabricating them is a major challenge. By definition, these barrier layers must be insoluble, so the usual routes to polymer- or organic-film deposition by spin coating are not problematic. In this paper, we report comparative studies of pulsed laser deposition of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), an excellent moisture barrier and a model system for a larger class of protective materials that are potentially useful in organic electronic devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Thin films of COC were deposited by resonant and nonresonant infrared pulsed laser ablation of solid COC targets, using a free-electron laser tuned to the 3.43 mu m C-H stretch of the COC, and a high-intensity nanosecond Q-switched laser operated at 1064 nm. The ablation craters and deposited films were characterized by scanning-electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, atomic-force microscopy, high-resolution optical microscopy, and surface profilometry. Thermal-diffusion calculations were performed to determine the temperature rise induced in the film at the C-H resonant wavelength. The results show that resonant infrared pulsed laser deposition (RIR-PLD) is an effective, low-temperature thin-film deposition technique that leads to evaporation and deposition of intact molecules in homogeneous, smooth films. Nonresonant PLD, on the other hand, leads to photothermal damage, degradation of the COC polymers, and to the deposition only of particulates.
C1 [Singaravelu, S.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Singaravelu, S.; Klopf, J. M.; Kelley, M. J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Schriver, K. E.; Haglund, R. F., Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Singaravelu, S.; Schriver, K. E.; Park, H. K.] AppliFlex LLC, Nashville, TN 37211 USA.
[Kelley, M. J.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
RP Singaravelu, S (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
EM rajaodu@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation Phase 2 STTR program [IIP-0924043]; Office
of Naval Research; Army Night Vision Laboratory; Air Force Research
Laboratory; Joint Technology Office; Commonwealth of Virginia; US
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-060R23177]
FX We thank Professor D. M. Bubb (Rutgers University-Camden) for the
temperature-dependent IR absorption measurements and Professor D.
Kranbuehl (College of William and Mary) for measuring the specific heat
of the COC samples. Research at AppliFlex LLC and at Vanderbilt
University is supported by the National Science Foundation Phase 2 STTR
program (IIP-0924043). The Jefferson Lab FEL is supported by the Office
of Naval Research, the Army Night Vision Laboratory, the Air Force
Research Laboratory, the Joint Technology Office, the Commonwealth of
Virginia, and by the US Department of Energy, under contract No.
DE-AC05-060R23177.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0947-8396
EI 1432-0630
J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER
JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 114
IS 4
BP 1285
EP 1293
DI 10.1007/s00339-013-7933-7
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AC3LW
UT WOS:000332421700037
ER
PT J
AU Aasi, J
Abadie, J
Abbott, BP
Abbott, R
Abbott, T
Abernathy, MR
Accadia, T
Acernese, F
Adams, C
Adams, T
Adhikari, RX
Affeldt, C
Agathos, M
Aggarwal, N
Aguiar, OD
Ajith, P
Allen, B
Allocca, A
Ceron, EA
Amariutei, D
Anderson, RA
Anderson, SB
Anderson, WG
Arai, K
Araya, MC
Arceneaux, C
Areeda, J
Ast, S
Aston, SM
Astone, P
Aufmuth, P
Aulbert, C
Austin, L
Aylott, BE
Babak, S
Baker, PT
Ballardin, G
Ballmer, SW
Barayoga, JC
Barker, D
Barnum, SH
Barone, F
Barr, B
Barsotti, L
Barsuglia, M
Barton, MA
Bartos, I
Bassiri, R
Basti, A
Batch, J
Bauchrowitz, J
Bauer, TS
Bebronne, M
Behnke, B
Bejger, M
Beker, MG
Bell, AS
Bell, C
Belopolski, I
Bergmann, G
Berliner, JM
Bertolini, A
Bessis, D
Betzwieser, J
Beyersdorf, PT
Beyersdorf, PT
Bilenko, IA
Billingsley, G
Birch, J
Bitossi, M
Bizouard, MA
Black, E
Blackburn, JK
Blackburn, L
Blair, D
Blom, M
Bock, O
Bodiya, TP
Boer, M
Bogan, C
Bond, C
Bondu, F
Bonelli, L
Bonnand, R
Bork, R
Born, M
Bose, S
Bosi, L
Bowers, J
Bradaschia, C
Brady, PR
Braginsky, VB
Branchesi, M
Brannen, CA
Brau, JE
Breyer, J
Briant, T
Bridges, DO
Brillet, A
Brinkmann, M
Brisson, V
Britzger, M
Brooks, AF
Brown, DA
Brown, DD
Bruckner, F
Bulik, T
Bulten, HJ
Buonanno, A
Buskulic, D
Buy, C
Byer, RL
Cadonati, L
Cagnoli, G
Bustillo, JC
Calloni, E
Camp, JB
Campsie, P
Cannon, KC
Canuel, B
Cao, J
Capano, CD
Carbognani, F
Carbone, L
Caride, S
Castiglia, A
Caudill, S
Cavaglia, M
Cavalier, F
Cavalieri, R
Cella, G
Cepeda, C
Cesarini, E
Chakraborty, R
Chalermsongsak, T
Chao, S
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Acernese, F.
Adams, C.
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Agathos, M.
Aggarwal, N.
Aguiar, O. D.
Ajith, P.
Allen, B.
Allocca, A.
Ceron, E. Amador
Amariutei, D.
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Bogan, C.
Bond, C.
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Bonelli, L.
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Bork, R.
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Brisson, V.
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Brooks, A. F.
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Brown, D. D.
Brueckner, F.
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Carbone, L.
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Cella, G.
Cepeda, C.
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Chakraborty, R.
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Chao, S.
Charlton, P.
Chassande-Mottin, E.
Chen, X.
Chen, Y.
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CA LIGO Sci Collaboration
Virgo Collaboration
TI FIRST SEARCHES FOR OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS TO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE CANDIDATE
EVENTS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries: close; catalogs; gravitational waves; stars: neutron; surveys
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS; FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS;
NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; 28 FEBRUARY 1997; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS;
LIGHT CURVES; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; SWIFT-ERA; RADIO OBSERVATIONS
AB During the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory and Virgo joint science runs in 2009-2010, gravitational wave (GW) data from three interferometer detectors were analyzed within minutes to select GW candidate events and infer their apparent sky positions. Target coordinates were transmitted to several telescopes for follow-up observations aimed at the detection of an associated optical transient. Images were obtained for eight such GW candidates. We present the methods used to analyze the image data as well as the transient search results. No optical transient was identified with a convincing association with any of these candidates, and none of the GW triggers showed strong evidence for being astrophysical in nature. We compare the sensitivities of these observations to several model light curves from possible sources of interest, and discuss prospects for future joint GW-optical observations of this type.
C1 [Aasi, J.; Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M. R.; Adhikari, R. X.; Ajith, P.; Anderson, R. A.; Anderson, S. B.; Arai, K.; Araya, M. C.; Austin, L.; Barayoga, J. C.; Billingsley, G.; Black, E.; Blackburn, J. K.; Bork, R.; Brooks, A. F.; Cepeda, C.; Chakraborty, R.; Chalermsongsak, T.; Coyne, D. C.; Daudert, B.; Dergachev, V.; Driggers, J. C.; Ehrens, P.; Etzel, T.; Ferrante, I.; Fotopoulos, N.; Gushwa, K. E.; Gustafson, E. K.; Hall, E.; Harms, J.; Heefner, J.; Heptonstall, A. W.; Hodge, K. A.; Ivanov, A.; Jacobson, M.; James, E.; Kalmus, P.; Kells, W.; King, P. J.; Kondrashov, V.; Korth, W. Z.; Kozak, D.; Lazzarini, A.; Lewis, J. B.; Litvine, V.; Lloyd, D.; Mageswaran, M.; Mailand, K.; Maros, E.; Martynov, D.; Marx, J. N.; McIntyre, G.; Meshkov, S.; Nash, T.; Ogin, G. H.; Osthelder, C.; Pedraza, M.; Phelps, M.; Poux, C.; Price, L. R.; Privitera, S.; Quintero, E.; Raymond, V.; Reitze, D. H.; Robertson, N. A.; Rollins, J. G.; Sannibale, V.; Seifert, F.; Singer, A.; Singer, L.; Smith, M. R.; Smith-Lefebvre, N. D.; Taylor, R.; Thirugnanasambandam, M. P.; Thrane, E.; Torrie, C. I.; Vass, S.; Wallace, L.; Weinstein, A. J.; Whitcomb, S. E.; Williams, R.; Yamamoto, H.; Yeaton-Massey, D.; Zhang, L.; Zweizig, J.] CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Abbott, T.; Bowers, J.; Corbitt, T. R.; DeRosa, R.; Effler, A.; Giaime, J. A.; Gonzalez, G.; Iafrate, J.; Johnson, W. W.; Kokeyama, K.; Kudla, S.; May, G.; Mullavey, A.; Walker, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Accadia, T.; Bebronne, M.; Buskulic, D.; Gouaty, R.; Letendre, N.; Marion, F.; Masserot, A.; Mours, B.; Rolland, L.; Verkindt, D.; Yvert, M.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France.
[Acernese, F.; Barone, F.; Calloni, E.; De Rosa, R.; Di Fiore, L.; Forte, L. A.; Garufi, F.; Milano, L.; Romano, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
[Acernese, F.; Barone, F.; Romano, R.] Univ Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, Italy.
[Adams, C.; Aston, S. M.; Beyersdorf, P. T.; Birch, J.; Bridges, D. O.; Cowart, M.; Doravari, S.; Evans, T.; Feldbaum, D.; Forsi, E.; Frolov, V. V.; Fyffe, M.; Giaime, J. A.; Giardina, K. D.; Guido, C.; Hanson, J.; Heintze, M.; Holt, K.; Huynh-Dinh, T.; Katzman, W.; Kinzel, D. L.; Le Roux, A.; Lormand, M.; Meyer, M. S.; Nolting, D.; O'Reilly, B.; Overmier, H.; Ramet, C.; Riesen, R.; Roddy, S.; Romie, J. H.; Sellers, D.; Stuver, A. L.; Thomas, M.; Thorne, K. A.; Traylor, G.; Welborn, T.; Yakushin, I.] LIGO Livingston Observ, Livingston, LA 70754 USA.
[Adams, T.; Edwards, M.; Fairhurst, S.; Liu, H.; Macdonald, E.; Macleod, D. M.; Nuttall, L. K.; Ohme, F.; Predoi, V.; Sathyaprakash, B. S.; Schutz, B. F.; Sutton, P. J.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Affeldt, C.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.; Bauchrowitz, J.; Bergmann, G.; Bock, O.; Bogan, C.; Born, M.; Breyer, J.; Brinkmann, M.; Britzger, M.; Dahl, K.; Dal Canton, T.; Damjanic, M.; Danzmann, K.; Denker, T.; Di Palma, I.; Dooley, K. L.; Eberle, T.; Fehrmann, H.; Frede, M.; Fricke, T. T.; Goetz, E.; Gossler, S.; Graef, C.; Grote, H.; Hanke, M.; Heurs, M.; Kawazoe, F.; Keitel, D.; Keppel, D. G.; Khalaidovski, A.; Koehlenbeck, S.; Kringel, V.; Krishnan, B.; Kuehn, G.; Leong, J. R.; Lueck, H.; Lundgren, A. P.; Machenschalk, B.; Manca, G. M.; Mazzolo, G.; Mehmet, M.; Mokler, F.; Mossavi, K.; Mow-Lowry, C. M.; Oppermann, P.; Pickenpack, M.; Poeld, J.; Prijatelj, M.; Prix, R.; Roever, C.; Ruediger, A.; Salemi, F.; Schilling, R.; Schnabel, R.; Schreiber, E.; Schuette, D.; Schulz, B.; Shaltev, M.; Simakov, D.; Slutsky, J.; Steinlechner, J.; Steinlechner, S.; Tarabrin, S. P.; Wanner, A.; Was, M.; Weinert, M.; Wessels, P.; Westphal, T.; Wette, K.; Wiesner, K.; Willke, B.; Wimmer, M.; Winkelmann, L.; Winkler, W.; Wittel, H.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Agathos, M.; Bauer, Th. S.; Beker, M. G.; Bertolini, A.; Blom, M.; Bulten, H. J.; Del Pozzo, W.; Jonker, R. J. G.; Li, T. G. F.; Meidam, J.; Rabeling, D. S.; Shah, S.; ter Braack, A. P. M.; van den Brand, J. F. J.; Van den Broeck, C.; van der Putten, S.; van Heijningen, J.; Veitch, J.; Vitale, S.] Nikhef, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Aggarwal, N.; Barnum, S. H.; Barsotti, L.; Bodiya, T. P.; Donovan, F.; Essick, R.; Evans, M.; Foley, S.; Fritschel, P.; Gras, S.; Isogai, T.; Katsavounidis, E.; Kissel, J. S.; Kwee, P.; Lee, J.; MacInnis, M.; Mason, K.; Matichard, F.; Mavalvala, N.; Mittleman, R.; Oelker, E.; Shoemaker, D. H.; Vaulin, R.; Vitale, S.; Waldman, S. J.; Weiss, R.; Wipf, C. C.; Zhang, F.; Zucker, M. E.] MIT, LIGO, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Aguiar, O. D.; Constancio, M., Jr.; Costa, C. A.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Allen, B.; Ceron, E. Amador; Anderson, W. G.; Brady, P. R.; Caudill, S.; Creighton, J. D. E.; Giampanis, S.; Hammer, D.; Huynh, M.; Kline, J.; Koranda, S.; Mercer, R. A.; Moe, B.; Ochsner, E.; O'Shaughnessy, R.; Pankow, C.; Papa, M. A.; Siemens, X.; Skelton, G. R.; Soden, K.; Vlcek, B.; Wade, L.; Wade, M.; Wibowo, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Allen, B.; Ast, S.; Aufmuth, P.; Danzmann, K.; Kaufer, H.; Lueck, H.; Meier, T.; Schnabel, R.; Vahlbruch, H.; Willke, B.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Allocca, A.; Basti, A.; Bitossi, M.; Bonelli, L.; Bradaschia, C.; Cella, G.; Di Lieto, A.; Di Virgilio, A.; Fidecaro, F.; Frasconi, F.; Gennai, A.; Giazotto, A.; Mantovani, M.; Paoletti, F.; Paoletti, R.; Passaquieti, R.; Passuello, D.; Poggiani, R.; Toncelli, A.; Tonelli, M.; Torre, O.; Vajente, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Allocca, A.; Paoletti, R.; Torre, O.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
[Amariutei, D.; Ciani, G.; Deleeuw, E.; Eichholz, J.; Eikenberry, S. S.; Feldbaum, D.; Fulda, P.; Gleason, J.; Goetz, R.; Hartman, M. T.; Heintze, M.; Klimenko, S.; Liu, Z.; Martin, R. M.; Mitselmakher, G.; Mueller, C. L.; Mueller, G.; Mytidis, A.; Kumar, D. Nanda; Necula, V.; Ottens, R. S.; Reitze, D. H.; Tanner, D. B.; Tiwari, V.; Whiting, B. F.; Williams, L.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Arceneaux, C.; Cavaglia, M.; Dietz, A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Areeda, J.; Foley, E.; Griffo, C.; Lee, J.; Lockett, V.; Magana-Sandoval, F.; Padilla, C.; Smith, J. R.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
[Astone, P.; Colla, A.; Conte, A.; Frasca, S.; Majorana, E.; Mangano, V.; Nardecchia, I.; Naticchioni, L.; Palomba, C.; Puppo, P.; Rapagnani, P.; Ricci, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Aylott, B. E.; Bond, C.; Brown, D. D.; Brueckner, F.; Carbone, L.; Freise, A.; Grover, K.; Lodhia, D.; Mandel, I.; Mingarelli, C. M. F.; Sidery, T. L.; Smith, R. J. E.; Vecchio, A.; Vousden, W. D.; Wang, M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Babak, S.; Behnke, B.; Grunewald, S.; Leaci, P.; Papa, M. A.; Schutz, B. F.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-14476 Golm, Germany.
[Baker, P. T.; Cornish, N.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Ballardin, G.; Canuel, B.; Carbognani, F.; Cavalieri, R.; Chiummo, A.; Cuoco, E.; Dattilo, V.; Day, R.; Ferrini, F.; Fiori, I.; Genin, E.; Hemming, G.; Kasprzack, M.; Marque, J.; Mohan, M.; Nocera, F.; Paoletti, F.; Pasqualetti, A.; Ruggi, P.; Sentenac, D.; Swinkels, B.] European Gravitat Observ, I-56021 Pisa, Italy.
[Ballmer, S. W.; Brown, D. A.; Couvares, P.; Fisher, R.; Harry, I. W.; Huerta, E. A.; Kelley, D. B.; Kumar, P.; Lough, J.; Mohapatra, S. R. P.; Perreca, A.; Saulson, P. R.; West, M.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Barker, D.; Barton, M. A.; Batch, J.; Berliner, J. M.; Clara, F.; Cook, D.; Dwyer, S.; Garcia, J.; Gray, C.; Hanks, J.; Ingram, D. R.; Izumi, K.; Jones, D.; Kawabe, K.; Landry, M.; Levine, B.; Lhuillier, V.; Lubinski, M. J.; McCarthy, R.; Mendell, G.; Moraru, D.; Moreno, G.; Paris, H.; Raab, F. J.; Radkins, H.; Reed, C. M.; Rodruck, M.; Ryan, K.; Sandberg, V.; Savage, R.; Schwinberg, P.; Sigg, D.; Steinert, E.; Thomas, P.; Vo, T.; Vorvick, C.; Weaver, B.; Wilkinson, C.; Worden, J.] LIGO Hanford Observ, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Barr, B.; Bassiri, R.; Bell, A. S.; Bell, C.; Campsie, P.; Craig, K.; Cumming, A.; Cunningham, L.; Davies, G. S.; Evans, K.; Gill, C.; Gordon, N.; Grant, A.; Hammond, G.; Haughian, K.; Hendry, M.; Heng, I. S.; Hild, S.; Hough, J.; Hu, Y.; Huttner, S. H.; Jones, R.; Kumar, R.; Lawrie, C.; Logue, J.; Macarthur, J.; Martin, I. W.; Messenger, C.; Murray, P. G.; Newton, G.; Pitkin, M.; Robertson, N. A.; Rowan, S.; Santiago-Prieto, I.; Scott, J.; Sorazu, B.; Strain, K. A.; Torrie, C. I.; van Veggel, A. A.; Woan, G.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Barsuglia, M.; Buy, C.; Chassande-Mottin, E.; Tacca, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, CEA Irfu, Observ Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cite,APC, Paris 13, France.
[Bartos, I.; Belopolski, I.; Countryman, S.; Factourovich, M.; Marka, S.; Marka, Z.; Matone, L.; Murphy, D.; Raffai, P.; Staley, A.; Tse, M.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Bassiri, R.; Bhadbhade, T.; Byer, R. L.; Clark, D. E.; Kim, N.; Kucharczyk, C.; Kurdyumov, R.; Lantz, B.; Lin, A. C.; Markosyan, A.; Shapiro, B.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Basti, A.; Bonelli, L.; Di Lieto, A.; Ferrante, I.; Fidecaro, F.; Passaquieti, R.; Poggiani, R.; Toncelli, A.; Tonelli, M.; Vajente, G.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Bejger, M.; Rosinska, D.] CAMK PAN, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
[Bessis, D.; Creighton, T. D.; Daveloza, H.; Diaz, M.; Morriss, S. R.; Mukherjee, S.; Normandin, M. E.; Larcher, W. Ortega; Puncken, O.; Quetschke, V.; Rakhmanov, M.; Romano, J. D.; Stone, R.; Stroeer, A. S.; Tang, L.; Torres, C. V.; Vrinceanu, D.] Univ Texas Brownsville, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA.
[Beyersdorf, P. T.; Cordier, M.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Bilenko, I. A.; Braginsky, V. B.; Dmitry, K.; Gorodetsky, M. L.; Khalili, F. Y.; Mitrofanov, V. P.; Prokhorov, L.; Strigin, S.; Vyachanin, S. P.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia.
[Bizouard, M. A.; Brisson, V.; Cavalier, F.; Davier, M.; Franco, S.; Hello, P.; Kasprzack, M.; Leroy, N.; Robinet, F.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, LAL, F-91898 Orsay, France.
[Blackburn, L.; Camp, J. B.; Gehrels, N.; Graff, P. B.; Kanner, J. B.; Cenko, S. B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Blair, D.; Chen, X.; Chu, Q.; Chung, S.; Coward, D. M.; Danilishin, S. L.; Dumas, J. -C.; Fang, Q.; Hooper, S.; Howell, E. J.; Ju, L.; Susmithan, S.; Verma, S.; Wen, L.; Whitcomb, S. E.; Zhao, C.; Zhu, X. J.; Laas-Bourez, M.] Univ Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Boer, M.; Brillet, A.; Cleva, F.; Coulon, J. -P.; Dereli, H.; Fournier, J. -D.; Heitmann, H.; Kefelian, F.; Man, N.; Martinelli, L.; Meacher, D.; Pichot, M.; Regimbau, T.; Siellez, K.; Vinet, J. -Y.; Wei, L. -W.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur, ARTEMIS UMR 7250, F-06304 Nice, France.
[Boer, M.; Laas-Bourez, M.] Observ Haute Provence, F-04870 St Michel lObservatoire, France.
[Bondu, F.] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, Inst Phys Rennes, F-35042 Rennes, France.
[Bonnand, R.; Cagnoli, G.; Degallaix, J.; Flaminio, R.; Granata, M.; Michel, C.; Morgado, N.; Pinard, L.; Saracco, E.; Sassolas, B.] Univ Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Mat Avances, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Bose, S.; Brannen, C. A.; Dayanga, T.; Ghosh, S.; Hall, B.; Poole, V.; Steplewski, S.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Bosi, L.; Colombini, M.; Gammaitoni, L.; Marchesoni, F.; Neri, I.; Punturo, M.; Travasso, F.; Vocca, H.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Branchesi, M.; Guidi, G. M.; Losurdo, G.; Martelli, F.; Piergiovanni, F.; Sturani, R.; Vetrano, F.; Vicere, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Branchesi, M.; Guidi, G. M.; Martelli, F.; Piergiovanni, F.; Sturani, R.; Vetrano, F.; Vicere, A.] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, I-61029 Urbino, Italy.
[Brau, J. E.; Frey, R.; Harstad, E. D.; Quitzow-James, R.; Schofield, R. M. S.; Talukder, D.] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Briant, T.; Cohadon, P. -F.; Deleglise, S.; Heidmann, A.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, ENS, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Bulik, T.; Kowalska, I.] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland.
[Bulten, H. J.; Rabeling, D. S.; van den Brand, J. F. J.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Buonanno, A.; Capano, C. D.; Pan, Y.; Shawhan, P.; Yancey, C. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cadonati, L.; Clark, J. A.; Hoak, D.; Lombardi, A. L.; McIver, J.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Calderon Bustillo, J.; Gil-Casanova, S.; Husa, S.; Jimenez-Forteza, F.; Sintes, A. M.] Univ Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma De Mallorca, Spain.
[Calloni, E.; De Rosa, R.; Garufi, F.; Milano, L.] Univ Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
[Cannon, K. C.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
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[Chao, S.; Huang, V.; Ou, J.; Wang, J.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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[Chincarini, A.; Gemme, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Cho, H. S.; Kim, Y. -M.; Lee, C. -H.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea.
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[Christensen, N.] Carleton Coll, Northfield, MN 55057 USA.
[Coccia, E.; Fafone, V.; Re, V.; Sperandio, L.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Colla, A.; Conte, A.; Frasca, S.; Mangano, V.; Nardecchia, I.; Naticchioni, L.; Rapagnani, P.; Ricci, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Conte, R.; DeSalvo, R.; Pierro, V.; Pinto, I. M.; Principe, M.] Univ Sannio Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy.
[Conte, R.; DeSalvo, R.; Pierro, V.; Pinto, I. M.; Principe, M.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy.
[Corsi, A.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Coughlin, M. W.; Gair, J.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
[Crowder, S. G.; Kandhasamy, S.; Kremin, A.; Prestegard, T.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Daw, E. J.; Tomlinson, C.; White, D. J.; Dhillon, V.] Univ Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Debreczeni, G.; Endroczi, G.; Nagy, M. F.; Racz, I.; Vasuth, M.] RMKI, Wigner RCP, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
[Dhurandhar, S.; Mitra, S.; Souradeep, T.] Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
[Drago, M.; Leonardi, M.; Prodi, G. A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Trento, I-38050 Trento, Italy.
[Drago, M.; Leonardi, M.; Prodi, G. A.] Univ Trent, I-38050 Trento, Italy.
[Drever, R. W. P.; Cao, Y.; Laher, R. R.; Nissanke, S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Farr, B.; Farr, W.; Fazi, D.; Jang, Y. J.; Kalogera, V.; Littenberg, T. B.; Rodriguez, C.; Shahriar, M. S.; Stevens, D.; van der Sluys, M. V.; Yablon, J.; Yum, H.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Favata, M.] Montclair State Univ, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA.
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[Fujimoto, M. -K.; Hayama, K.; Kawamura, S.; Mori, T.; Nishida, E.; Nishizawa, A.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Gammaitoni, L.; Neri, I.; Travasso, F.; Vocca, H.] Univ Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Greenhalgh, R. J. S.; O'Dell, J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, HSIC, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Gretarsson, A. M.; Hughey, B.; Loew, K.; Zanolin, M.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA.
[Hanna, C.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.
[Harry, G. M.] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
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[Hosken, D. J.; Kim, W.; King, E. J.; Munch, J.; Ottaway, D. J.; Veitch, P. J.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[Iyer, B. R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India.
[Jang, H.; Kang, G.; Kim, B. K.; Kim, C.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305806, South Korea.
[Jaranowski, P.] Bialystok Univ, PL-15424 Bialystok, Poland.
[Jones, D. I.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Haris, K.; Mazumder, N.; Pai, A.] IISER TVM, Trivandrum 695016, Kerala, India.
[Kasturi, R.; Penn, S.] Hobart & William Smith Coll, Geneva, NY 14456 USA.
[Khazanov, E. A.; Sergeev, A.] Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
[Kim, C.; Lee, H. M.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Kim, K.; Lee, H. K.] Hanyang Univ, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
[Krolak, A.] IM PAN, PL-00956 Warsaw, Poland.
[Krolak, A.; Zadrozny, A.; Cwiek, A.; Majcher, A.; Nawrocki, K.; Sokolowski, M.] NCBJ, PL-05400 Otwock, Poland.
[Kumar, A.] Inst Plasma Res, Bhat 382428, Gandhinagar, India.
[Larson, S.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Lasky, P. D.; Melatos, A.; Pindor, B.; Sammut, L.] Univ Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Liu, F.] Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Lockerbie, N. A.; Tokmakov, K. V.] Univ Strathclyde, SUPA, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Loriette, V.; Maksimovic, I.] CNRS, ESPCI, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Marchesoni, F.] Univ Camerino, Dipartimento Fis, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
[Matzner, R. A.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[McGuire, S. C.; Vincent-Finley, R.] Southern Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
[McGuire, S. C.; Vincent-Finley, R.] A&M Coll, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA.
[Nayak, R.] IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur 741252, W Bengal, India.
[Oh, J. J.; Oh, S. H.; Son, E. J.] Natl Inst Math Sci, Taejon 305390, South Korea.
[Raja, S.] RRCAT, Indore 452013, Madhya Pradesh, India.
[Rajalakshmi, G.; Unnikrishnan, C. S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.
[Reed, T.; Zotov, N.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
[Reid, S.] Univ West Scotland, SUPA, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland.
[Rosinska, D.] Inst Astron, PL-65265 Zielona Gora, Poland.
[Sengupta, A. S.] Indian Inst Technol, Ahmadabad 382424, Gujarat, India.
[Shah, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Summerscales, T. Z.] Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA.
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[Vedovato, G.; Zendri, J. -P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Venkateswara, K.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Williams, T.; Yoshida, S.] SE Louisiana Univ, Hammond, LA 70402 USA.
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[Baltay, C.; Rabinowitz, D.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Bloom, J. S.; Nugent, P. E.; Richards, J. W.; Zheng, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cwiok, M.; Piotrowski, L.; Zarnecki, A. F.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Gal-Yam, A.; Ofek, E. O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Kasliwal, M. M.] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA.
[Klotz, A.] Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Law, N. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Malek, K.] Nagoya Univ, Div Particles & Astrophys Sci, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Malek, K.; Mankiewicz, L.; Opiela, R.; Siudek, M.] Polish Acad Sci, Ctr Theoret Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
[Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Piotrowski, L.] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Poznanski, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Schmidt, B.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
[Sokolowski, M.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
[Sokolowski, M.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England.
[Sullivan, M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Aasi, J (reprint author), CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Vecchio, Alberto/F-8310-2015; Mow-Lowry,
Conor/F-8843-2015; Leonardi, Matteo/G-9694-2015; Sigg,
Daniel/I-4308-2015; Puppo, Paola/J-4250-2012; Tacca, Matteo/J-1599-2015;
Graef, Christian/J-3167-2015; Ottaway, David/J-5908-2015; Garufi,
Fabio/K-3263-2015; Deleglise, Samuel/B-1599-2015; Neri,
Igor/F-1482-2010; Shaddock, Daniel/A-7534-2011; Huerta,
Eliu/J-5426-2014; Losurdo, Giovanni/K-1241-2014; Steinlechner,
Sebastian/D-5781-2013; Hild, Stefan/A-3864-2010; Danilishin,
Stefan/K-7262-2012; Gammaitoni, Luca/B-5375-2009; Iyer, Bala
R./E-2894-2012; Canuel, Benjamin/C-7459-2014; Sokolowski,
Marcin/B-5584-2013; Malek, Katarzyna/A-1254-2012; Lee,
Chang-Hwan/B-3096-2015; Khalili, Farit/D-8113-2012; McClelland,
David/E-6765-2010; prodi, giovanni/B-4398-2010; Kumar, Prem/B-6691-2009;
Costa, Cesar/G-7588-2012; Marchesoni, Fabio/A-1920-2008; CONTE,
ANDREA/J-6667-2012; Salemi, Francesco/F-6988-2014; Gemme,
Gianluca/C-7233-2008; Prokhorov, Leonid/I-2953-2012; Gorodetsky,
Michael/C-5938-2008; Strigin, Sergey/I-8337-2012; Mitrofanov,
Valery/D-8501-2012; Bell, Angus/E-7312-2011; Bilenko, Igor/D-5172-2012;
Vicere, Andrea/J-1742-2012; Rocchi, Alessio/O-9499-2015; Martelli,
Filippo/P-4041-2015; Branchesi, Marica/P-2296-2015; Gehring,
Tobias/A-8596-2016; Strain, Kenneth/D-5236-2011; Miao,
Haixing/O-1300-2013; Howell, Eric/H-5072-2014; Heidmann,
Antoine/G-4295-2016; Zhu, Xingjiang/E-1501-2016; Frasconi,
Franco/K-1068-2016; Pinto, Innocenzo/L-3520-2016; Ferrante,
Isidoro/F-1017-2012; Travasso, Flavio/J-9595-2016; Bartos,
Imre/A-2592-2017; Punturo, Michele/I-3995-2012; Cella,
Giancarlo/A-9946-2012; Cesarini, Elisabetta/C-4507-2017; Chow,
Jong/A-3183-2008; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Ciani, Giacomo/G-1036-2011;
Siudek, Malgorzata/O-8727-2015; Di Virgilio, Angela Dora
Vittoria/E-9078-2015; Sergeev, Alexander/F-3027-2017; Harms,
Jan/J-4359-2012; Ward, Robert/I-8032-2014;
OI M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Vecchio, Alberto/0000-0002-6254-1617;
Sigg, Daniel/0000-0003-4606-6526; Puppo, Paola/0000-0003-4677-5015;
Tacca, Matteo/0000-0003-1353-0441; Graef, Christian/0000-0002-4535-2603;
Garufi, Fabio/0000-0003-1391-6168; Deleglise,
Samuel/0000-0002-8680-5170; Neri, Igor/0000-0002-9047-9822; Shaddock,
Daniel/0000-0002-6885-3494; Losurdo, Giovanni/0000-0003-0452-746X;
Steinlechner, Sebastian/0000-0003-4710-8548; Danilishin,
Stefan/0000-0001-7758-7493; Gammaitoni, Luca/0000-0002-4972-7062; Iyer,
Bala R./0000-0002-4141-5179; Sokolowski, Marcin/0000-0001-5772-338X;
Lee, Chang-Hwan/0000-0003-3221-1171; McClelland,
David/0000-0001-6210-5842; prodi, giovanni/0000-0001-5256-915X;
Marchesoni, Fabio/0000-0001-9240-6793; Gemme,
Gianluca/0000-0002-1127-7406; Gorodetsky, Michael/0000-0002-5159-2742;
Bell, Angus/0000-0003-1523-0821; Vicere, Andrea/0000-0003-0624-6231;
Rocchi, Alessio/0000-0002-1382-9016; Martelli,
Filippo/0000-0003-3761-8616; Gehring, Tobias/0000-0002-4311-2593;
Strain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2066-5355; Miao, Haixing/0000-0003-4101-9958;
Howell, Eric/0000-0001-7891-2817; Heidmann, Antoine/0000-0002-0784-5175;
Zhu, Xingjiang/0000-0001-7049-6468; Frasconi,
Franco/0000-0003-4204-6587; Ferrante, Isidoro/0000-0002-0083-7228;
Travasso, Flavio/0000-0002-4653-6156; Punturo,
Michele/0000-0001-8722-4485; Cella, Giancarlo/0000-0002-0752-0338;
Cesarini, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9127-3167; Chow,
Jong/0000-0002-2414-5402; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Ciani,
Giacomo/0000-0003-4258-9338; Siudek, Malgorzata/0000-0002-2949-2155; Di
Virgilio, Angela Dora Vittoria/0000-0002-2237-7533; Swinkels,
Bas/0000-0002-3066-3601; Ward, Robert/0000-0001-5503-5241; Ricci,
Fulvio/0000-0001-5475-4447; Whelan, John/0000-0001-5710-6576; Vedovato,
Gabriele/0000-0001-7226-1320; Fairhurst, Stephen/0000-0001-8480-1961;
Matichard, Fabrice/0000-0001-8982-8418; Husa,
Sascha/0000-0002-0445-1971; Papa, M.Alessandra/0000-0002-1007-5298;
Vocca, Helios/0000-0002-1200-3917; Aulbert, Carsten/0000-0002-1481-8319;
Pinto, Innocenzo M./0000-0002-2679-4457; Farr, Ben/0000-0002-2916-9200;
Guidi, Gianluca/0000-0002-3061-9870; Drago, Marco/0000-0002-3738-2431;
Pierro, Vincenzo/0000-0002-6020-5521; Coccia,
Eugenio/0000-0002-6669-5787; Vetrano, Flavio/0000-0002-7523-4296;
Denker, Timo/0000-0003-1259-5315; Naticchioni, Luca/0000-0003-2918-0730;
calloni, enrico/0000-0003-4819-3297; Scott, Jamie/0000-0001-6701-6515;
Sorazu, Borja/0000-0002-6178-3198; Bondu, Francois/0000-0001-6487-5197;
Del Pozzo, Walter/0000-0003-3978-2030; O'Shaughnessy,
Richard/0000-0001-5832-8517; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Allen,
Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256; Granata, Massimo/0000-0003-3275-1186; Vitale,
Salvatore/0000-0003-2700-0767; Sullivan, Mark/0000-0001-9053-4820;
Kanner, Jonah/0000-0001-8115-0577; Freise, Andreas/0000-0001-6586-9901;
Nitz, Alexander/0000-0002-1850-4587; Mandel, Ilya/0000-0002-6134-8946;
Whiting, Bernard F/0000-0002-8501-8669; Murphy,
David/0000-0002-8538-815X; Veitch, John/0000-0002-6508-0713; Davies,
Gareth/0000-0002-4289-3439; Principe, Maria/0000-0002-6327-0628;
Piergiovanni, Francesco/0000-0001-8063-828X
FU United States National Science Foundation for the construction and
operation of the LIGO Laboratory; Science and Technology Facilities
Council of the United Kingdom; Max-Planck-Society; State of
Niedersachsen/Germany; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare;
French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique for the construction
and operation of the Virgo detector; Australian Research Council;
International Science Linkages program of the Commonwealth of Australia;
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India; Istituto
Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare of Italy; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y
Competitividad; Conselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern
de les Illes Balears; Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter;
Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; Polish Ministry of
Science and Higher Education; FOCUS Programme of Foundation for Polish
Science; Royal Society; Scottish Funding Council; Scottish Universities
Physics Alliance; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; OTKA of
Hungary; Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO); National Research Foundation
of Korea Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of
Economic Development and Innovation; National Science and Engineering
Research Council Canada; Carnegie Trust; Leverhulme Trust; David and
Lucile Packard Foundation; Research Corporation, FIRB (Italian Ministry
of Education, University and Research) [RBFR12PM1F]; Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States
National Science Foundation for the construction and operation of the
LIGO Laboratory, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the
United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society, and the State of
Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction and operation of
the GEO600 detector, and the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare and the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique for
the construction and operation of the Virgo detector. The authors also
gratefully acknowledge the support of the research by these agencies and
by the Australian Research Council, the International Science Linkages
program of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research of India, the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
of Italy, the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, the
Conselleria d'Economia Hisenda i Innovacio of the Govern de les Illes
Balears, the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by
the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, the Polish
Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the FOCUS Programme of
Foundation for Polish Science, the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding
Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, The National
Aeronautics and Space Administration, OTKA of Hungary, the Lyon
Institute of Origins (LIO), the National Research Foundation of Korea,
Industry Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of
Economic Development and Innovation, the National Science and
Engineering Research Council Canada, the Carnegie Trust, the Leverhulme
Trust, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the Research
Corporation, FIRB 2012 Project RBFR12PM1F (Italian Ministry of
Education, University and Research), and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.
This work is based on results partially obtained at the ESO observatory,
La Silla. The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma
by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del
Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with
financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.
This document has been assigned the identifier LIGO-P1200171-v19.
NR 109
TC 34
Z9 32
U1 5
U2 93
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 211
IS 1
AR 7
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/7
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AB9DN
UT WOS:000332090200007
ER
PT J
AU Trabert, E
Beiersdorfer, P
Brickhouse, NS
Golub, L
AF Traebert, Elmar
Beiersdorfer, Peter
Brickhouse, Nancy S.
Golub, Leon
TI HIGH-RESOLUTION LABORATORY SPECTRA ON THE lambda 131 CHANNEL OF THE AIA
INSTRUMENT ON BOARD THE SOLAR DYNAMICS OBSERVATORY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; methods: laboratory: atomic; Sun: corona; Sun: UV
radiation; techniques: spectroscopic
ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET REGION; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; FE-VII;
GRATING SPECTROMETER; X-RAY; CHIANTI; ANGSTROM; ELEMENTS; SDO/AIA
AB Extreme ultraviolet spectra of C, O, F, Ne, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, and Ni have been excited in an electron beam ion trap and studied with much higher resolution than available on Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in order to ascertain the spectral composition of the SDO observations. We presently show our findings in the wavelength range 124-134 angstrom, which encompasses the lambda 131 observation channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). While the general interpretation of the spectral composition of the lambda 131 Fe channel is being corroborated, a number of new lines have been observed that might help to improve the diagnostic value of the SDO/AIA data.
C1 [Traebert, Elmar; Beiersdorfer, Peter] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Traebert, Elmar] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
[Brickhouse, Nancy S.; Golub, Leon] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Trabert, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Solar and Heliospherical Physics Program of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH10AN31I]; German
Research Association (DFG) [Tr171/18, Tr171/19]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was supported by the Solar and Heliospherical
Physics Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
under award NNH10AN31I. E. T. acknowledges support from the German
Research Association (DFG) (grants Tr171/18 and Tr171/19).
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 211
IS 1
AR 14
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/14
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AB9DN
UT WOS:000332090200014
ER
PT J
AU Gulati, S
Stubblefield, AA
Hanlon, JS
Spier, CL
Stringfellow, WT
AF Gulati, Shelly
Stubblefield, Ashley A.
Hanlon, Jeremy S.
Spier, Chelsea L.
Stringfellow, William T.
TI Use of continuous and grab sample data for calculating total maximum
daily load (TMDL) in agricultural watersheds
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Diffuse pollution; Chemometrics; Salinity; Real-time data;
Sustainability; Agricultural ecosystems
ID TRIBUTARY MASS LOADS; SAN-JOAQUIN RIVER; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; STRATEGIES;
BASIN; NITROGEN; STREAMS; OXYGEN
AB Measuring the discharge of diffuse pollution from agricultural watersheds presents unique challenges. Flows in agricultural watersheds, particularly in Mediterranean climates, can be predominately irrigation runoff and exhibit large diurnal fluctuation in both volume and concentration. Flow and pollutant concentrations in these smaller watersheds dominated by human activity do not conform to a normal distribution and it is not clear if parametric methods are appropriate or accurate for load calculations. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of five load estimation methods to calculate pollutant loads from agricultural watersheds. Calculation of loads using results from discrete (grab) samples was compared with the true-load computed using in situ continuous monitoring measurements. A new method is introduced that uses a non-parametric measure of central tendency (the median) to calculate loads (median-load). The median-load method was compared to more commonly used parametric estimation methods which rely on using the mean as a measure of central tendency (mean-load and daily-load), a method that utilizes the total flow volume (volume-load), and a method that uses measure of flow at the time of sampling (instantaneous-load). Using measurements from ten watersheds in the San Joaquin Valley of California, the average percent error compared to the true-load for total dissolved solids (TDS) was 7.3% for the median-load, 6.9% for the mean-load, 6.9% for the volume-load, 16.9% for the instantaneous-load, and 18.7% for the daily-load methods of calculation. The results of this study show that parametric methods are surprisingly accurate, even for data that have starkly non-normal distributions and are highly skewed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gulati, Shelly; Stubblefield, Ashley A.; Hanlon, Jeremy S.; Spier, Chelsea L.; Stringfellow, William T.] Univ Pacific, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Ecol Engn Res Program, Stockton, CA 95211 USA.
[Hanlon, Jeremy S.; Stringfellow, William T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Geochem, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Stringfellow, WT (reprint author), Univ Pacific, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Ecol Engn Res Program, 3601 Pacific Ave, Stockton, CA 95211 USA.
EM wstringfellow@lbl.gov
RI Stringfellow, William/O-4389-2015
OI Stringfellow, William/0000-0003-3189-5604
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife [E0883006]
FX This project was funded by the California Department of Fish and
Wildlife (Grant Agreement No. E0883006). We are also grateful for the
assistance from the San Joaquin Valley Drainage Authority.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
EI 1879-1298
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 99
BP 81
EP 88
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.026
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AB9UN
UT WOS:000332141300009
PM 24238914
ER
PT J
AU Lu, CS
Liu, YG
Niu, SJ
AF Lu, Chun-Song
Liu, Yan-Gang
Niu, Sheng-Jie
TI Entrainment-mixing parameterization in shallow cumuli and effects of
secondary mixing events
SO CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Entrainment mixing; Cumulus; Homogeneous/inhomogeneous mixing;
Observation; Model
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION;
MICROPHYSICS; STRATOCUMULUS; SIMULATION; MODEL
AB Parameterization of entrainment-mixing processes in cumulus clouds is critical to improve cloud parameterization in models, but is still at its infancy. For this purpose, we have lately developed a formulation to represent a microphysical measure defined as homogeneous mixing degree in terms of a dynamical measure defined as transition scale numbers, and demonstrated the formulation with measurements from stratocumulus clouds. Here, we extend the previous work by examining data from observed cumulus clouds and find positive correlations between the homogeneous mixing degree and transition scale numbers. These results are similar to those in the stratocumulus clouds, but proved valid for the first time in observed cumulus clouds. The empirical relationships can be used to parameterize entrainment-mixing processes in two-moment microphysical schemes. Further examined are the effects of secondary mixing events on the relationships between homogeneous mixing degree and transition scale numbers with the explicit mixing parcel model. The secondary mixing events are found to be at least partially responsible for the larger scatter in the above positive correlations based on observations than that in the previous results based on numerical simulations without considering secondary mixing events.
C1 [Lu, Chun-Song] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat China Meteorol A, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Chun-Song; Liu, Yan-Gang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Lu, Chun-Song] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Key Lab Numer Modeling Atmospher Sci & Geoph, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Niu, Sheng-Jie] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat China Meteorol A, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Lu, CS (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat China Meteorol A, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM luchunsong110@gmail.com
RI Liu, Yangang/H-6154-2011; Lu, Chunsong/K-7124-2013
OI Lu, Chunsong/0000-0002-8967-0371
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41030962, 41305120,
41375138, 41275151, 41075029, 41375137, 41305034]; Natural Science
Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China [BK20130988, BK2012860];
Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education
[20133228120002]; Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education
Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China [13KJB170014]; China
Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund
[GYHY201406007]; National Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for
Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics; Key Laboratory for
Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,
China [KDW1102, KDW1104, KDW1201]; Key Laboratory of Meteorological
Disaster of Ministry of Education, China [KLME1305, KLME1205, KLME1107];
Qing-Lan Project for Cloud-Fog-Precipitation-Aerosol Study in Jiangsu
Province, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher
Education Institutions; U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Earth System
Modeling (ESM) program via the FASTER project; Atmospheric System
Research (ASR) program
FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (41030962, 41305120, 41375138, 41275151, 41075029, 41375137,
41305034); the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China
(BK20130988, BK2012860); the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral
Program of Higher Education (20133228120002); the Natural Science
Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,
China (13KJB170014); China Meteorological Administration Special Public
Welfare Research Fund (GYHY201406007); the Open Funding from National
Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics; the Open Funding from Key Laboratory for
Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,
China (KDW1102, KDW1104, KDW1201); the Open Funding from Key Laboratory
of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, China (KLME1305,
KLME1205, KLME1107); the Qing-Lan Project for
Cloud-Fog-Precipitation-Aerosol Study in Jiangsu Province, China; a
Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu
Higher Education Institutions; the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE)
Earth System Modeling (ESM) program via the FASTER project
(www.bnl.gov/faster) and Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program. We
appreciate the helpful discussions about the RACORO data with Andrew
Vogelmann, Haf Jonsson, Greg McFarquhar, Glenn Diskin, Gunnar Senum and
Hee-Jung Yang. We also thank Steven Krueger and Timothy Wagner for their
help with the EMPM model.
NR 38
TC 3
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U1 0
U2 2
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-6538
EI 1861-9541
J9 CHINESE SCI BULL
JI Chin. Sci. Bull.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 9
BP 896
EP 903
DI 10.1007/s11434-013-0097-1
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AC3MA
UT WOS:000332422300010
ER
PT J
AU King, MD
Gulledge, J
AF King, Marcus DuBois
Gulledge, Jay
TI Climate change and energy security: an analysis of policy research
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONFLICT
AB The literature on climate change's impacts on energy security is scattered across disparate fields of research and schools of thought. Much of this literature has been produced outside of the academy by scholars and practitioners working in "think tanks," government agencies, and international/multilateral institutions. Here we reviewed a selected set of 58 articles and reports primarily from such sources and performed textual analysis of the arguments. Our review of this literature identifies three potential mechanisms for linking climate change and energy security: Climate change may 1) create second-order effects that may exacerbate social instability and disrupt energy systems; 2) directly impact energy supply and/or systems or 3) influence energy security through the effects of climate-related policies. We identify emerging risks to energy security driven by climate mitigation technology choices but find less evidence of climate change's direct physical impacts. We used both empirical and qualitative selection factors for choosing the grey literature sample. The sources we selected were published in the last 5 years, available through electronic media and were written in language accessible to general policy or academic readers. The organizations that published the literature had performed previous research in the general fields of energy and/or climate change with some analytical content and identified themselves as non-partisan. This literature is particularly valuable to scholars because identifies understudied relationships that can be rigorously assessed through academic tools and methodologies and informs a translational research agenda that will allow scholars to engage with practitioners to address challenges that lie at the nexus of climate change and energy security.
C1 [King, Marcus DuBois] George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Gulledge, Jay] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP King, MD (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM mdking@gwu.edu
RI Gulledge, Jay/G-3252-2010
OI Gulledge, Jay/0000-0002-9779-8690
NR 45
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 1
SI SI
BP 57
EP 68
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0895-0
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AC2HE
UT WOS:000332319700005
ER
PT J
AU Green, DL
Berry, LA
AF Green, D. L.
Berry, L. A.
TI Iterative addition of parallel temperature effects to finite-difference
simulation of radio-frequency wave propagation in plasmas
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Radio frequency heating; FDFD; FEFD; Kinetic effects; Plasmas
ID NEOCLASSICAL TEARING MODES; CURRENT DRIVE; CYCLOTRON WAVES; ICRF
ANTENNAS; FREQUENCY; TOKAMAK
AB Accurate simulations of how radio frequency (RF) power is launched, propagates, and absorbed in a magnetically confined plasma is a computationally challenging problem that for which no comprehensive approach presently exists. The underlying physics is governed by the Vlasov-Maxwell equations, and characteristic length scales can vary by three orders of magnitude. Present algorithms are, in general, based on finding the constituative relation between the induced RF current and the RF electric field and solving the resulting set of Maxwell's equations. These linear equations use a Fourier basis set that is not amenable to multi-scale formulations and have a large dense coefficient matrix that requires a high-communications overhead factorization technique. Here the use of operator splitting to separate the current and field calculations, and a low-overhead iterative solver leads to an algorithm that avoids these issues and has the potential to solve presently intractable problems due to its data-parallel and favorable scaling characteristics. We verify the algorithm for the iterative addition of parallel temperature effects for a 1D electron Langmuir by reproducing the solution obtained with the existing Fourier kinetic RF code AORSA (Jaeger et al., 2008). Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Green, D. L.; Berry, L. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Green, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM greendl1@ornl.gov; berryla@ornl.gov
FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy; Oak Ridge National
Laboratory [DE-AC05-000R22725]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of
Energy, and used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing
Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract number
DE-AC05-000R22725.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
EI 1879-2944
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 3
BP 736
EP 743
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.032
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AB6SF
UT WOS:000331919100005
ER
PT J
AU Pang, X
Rybarcyk, L
AF Pang, X.
Rybarcyk, L.
TI GPU accelerated online multi-particle beam dynamics simulator for ion
linear particle accelerators
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE GPU; Multi-particle; Beam dynamics; Particle accelerator
AB An online beam dynamics simulator is being developed for use in the operation of an ion linear particle accelerator. By employing Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) technology, the performance of the simulator has been significantly increased over that of a single CPU and is therefore viable in the demanding accelerator operations environment. Once connected to the accelerator control system, it can rapidly respond to any control set point changes and predict beam properties along an ion linear accelerator in pseudoreal time. This simulator will be a virtual beam diagnostic tool which is especially useful when direct beam measurements are not available. Details about the code structure design, physics algorithms, GPU implementations, and performance are presented. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Pang, X.; Rybarcyk, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Pang, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM xpang@lanl.gov
FU US DOE; NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX The authors would like to thank Scott A. Baily for support on EPICS
control system and Robert W. Garnett for his comments and suggestions in
preparing this paper. This work is supported by US DOE, NNSA under
contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
EI 1879-2944
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 3
BP 744
EP 753
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.033
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AB6SF
UT WOS:000331919100006
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, W
Phillips, JC
Huang, L
Fajer, M
Meng, YL
Gumbart, JC
Luo, Y
Schulten, K
Roux, B
AF Jiang, Wei
Phillips, James C.
Huang, Lei
Fajer, Mikolai
Meng, Yilin
Gumbart, James C.
Luo, Yun
Schulten, Klaus
Roux, Benoit
TI Generalized scalable multiple copy algorithms for molecular dynamics
simulations in NAMD
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE MCA; NAMD; Tcl; Charm plus
ID FREE-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; REPLICA-EXCHANGE METHOD; BINDING
FREE-ENERGIES; STRING METHOD; TRANSITION PATHWAYS; LANDSCAPE; WATER;
TRAJECTORIES; EFFICIENT; SOLVENT
AB Computational methodologies that couple the dynamical evolution of a set of replicated copies of a system of interest offer powerful and flexible approaches to characterize complex molecular processes. Such multiple copy algorithms (MCAs) can be used to enhance sampling, compute reversible work and free energies, as well as refine transition pathways. Widely used examples of MCAs include temperature and Hamiltonian-tempering replica-exchange molecular dynamics (T-REMD and H-REMD), alchemical free energy perturbation with lambda replica-exchange (FEP/lambda-REMD), umbrella sampling with Hamiltonian replica exchange (US/H-REMD), and string method with swarms-of-trajectories conformational transition pathways. Here, we report a robust and general implementation of MCAs for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in the highly scalable program NAMD built upon the parallel programming system Charm++. Multiple concurrent NAMD instances are launched with internal partitions of Charm++ and located continuously within a single communication world. Messages between NAMD instances are passed by low-level point-to-point communication functions, which are accessible through NAMD's Tcl scripting interface. The communication-enabled Tcl scripting provides a sustainable application interface for end users to realize generalized MCAs without modifying the source code. Illustrative applications of MCAs with fine-grained inter-copy communication structure, including global lambda exchange in FEP/lambda-REMD, window swapping US/H-REMD in multidimensional order parameter space, and string method with swarms-of-trajectories were carried out on IBM Blue Gene/Q to demonstrate the versatility and massive scalability of the present implementation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Jiang, Wei; Luo, Yun] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gumbart, James C.; Roux, Benoit] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Huang, Lei; Fajer, Mikolai; Meng, Yilin; Roux, Benoit] Univ Chicago, Gordon Ctr Integrat Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Phillips, James C.; Schulten, Klaus] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Schulten, Klaus] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Gumbart, James C.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 240, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM wjiang@alcf.anl.gov; kschulte@ks.uiuc.edu; roux@uchicago.edu
OI Phillips, James/0000-0002-2296-3591
FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357];
National Institutes of Health [9P41GM104601, U54GM087519, K22-AI100927];
National Science Foundation (NSF) [MCB-0920261]; Early Science Program
of Argonne Leadership Computing Facility; Department of Energy Office of
Science and used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility
at Argonne National Laboratory
FX We would like to acknowledge the Parallel Programming Laboratory,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, for the implementation of
Char on IBM Blue Gene/Q. This research is supported by the Early Science
Program of Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, Department of Energy
Office of Science and used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing
Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work also is supported by the National
Institutes of Health through grants 9P41GM104601 (K.S. and J.P.),
U54GM087519 (K.S. and B.R.), and K22-AI100927 (J.C.G.) and by
MCB-0920261 (B.R.) from the National Science Foundation (NSF).
NR 55
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U1 5
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
EI 1879-2944
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 3
BP 908
EP 916
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.12.014
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AB6SF
UT WOS:000331919100024
PM 24944348
ER
PT J
AU Lourderaj, U
Sun, R
Kohale, SC
Barnes, GL
de Jong, WA
Windus, TL
Hase, WL
AF Lourderaj, Upakarasamy
Sun, Rui
Kohale, Swapnil C.
Barnes, George L.
de Jong, Wibe A.
Windus, Theresa L.
Hase, William L.
TI The VENUS/NWChem software package. Tight coupling between chemical
dynamics simulations and electronic structure theory
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Direct dynamics; Classical trajectories; Molecular simulation
ID CLASSICAL TRAJECTORY SIMULATIONS; POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE;
POSTTRANSITION STATE DYNAMICS; ABIETIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; UNIMOLECULAR
DYNAMICS; PERFORMANCE; DECOMPOSITION; PROGRAM
AB The interface for VENUS and NWChem, and the resulting software package for direct dynamics simulations are described. The coupling of the two codes is considered to be a tight coupling since the two codes are compiled and linked together and act as one executable with data being passed between the two codes through routine calls. The advantages of this type of coupling are discussed. The interface has been designed to have as little interference as possible with the core codes of both VENUS and NWChem. VENUS is the code that propagates the direct dynamics trajectories and, therefore, is the program that drives the overall execution of VENUS/NWChem. VENUS has remained an essentially sequential code, which uses the highly parallel structure of NWChem. Subroutines of the interface that accomplish the data transmission and communication between the two computer programs are described. Recent examples of the use of VENUS/NWChem for direct dynamics simulations are summarized.
Program summary
Program title: VENUS/NWChem
Catalogue identifier: AERS_v1_0
Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AERS_v1_0.html
Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland
Licensing provisions: Open Source Educational Community License
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 10,831,970
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 77,141,871
Distribution format: tar.gz
Programming language: Fortran 77 with some C in NWChem, MPI.
Computer: All Linux based workstations and parallel supercomputers.
Operating system: Linux.
Has the code been vectorized or parallelized?: Venus is a sequential code; NWChem can run in parallel.
Classification: 16.8.
Subprograms used:
Cat Id Title Reference
AEGI_v1_0 NWChem CPC 181(2010)1477
Nature of problem:
Direct dynamics simulations play an important role in investigating and understanding atomic-level chemical dynamics information such as atomistic reaction mechanisms, unimolecular and bimolecular rate constants, intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution rates, etc. The ability to couple direct dynamics with electronic structure methods brings a level of fidelity to the simulations that is important for complex systems. However, a tight coupling between two codes that have their own development teams and schedules can be challenging.
Solution method: The VENUS/NWChem interface is designed to link the general electronic structure program (NWChem) and classical chemical dynamics simulation program (VENUS) to perform direct dynamics simulation in which the trajectories "on the fly" with the potential and its derivatives obtained directly from electronic structure theory. One of the design goals is to build interfaces that require as little interference in NWChem and VENUS as possible so that each of the code developments can continue independently. This is especially important since VENUS is currently a sequential code and NWChem is a parallel code and being able to compute the energies, gradients, and Hessian in parallel is an important aspect of making the software useful to users. In this manuscript, the tight coupling interface between the two codes is described and examples of its use are given. In the classical chemical dynamics simulation an ensemble of trajectories is calculated, and the initial sampling represents the conditions of the reactants for the chemical reaction under investigation. Each trajectory is evaluated by numerically integrating either Hamilton's or Newton's equations of motion. The Schrodinger equation is solved and the energy and energy gradient are calculated in the electronic structure program (NWChem), and this information is passed to the classical trajectory program (VENUS) to solve the equations of motion.
Additional comments: Full documentation is provided in the distribution file. This includes a README file giving the names and brief description of all the files that make up the package and instructions on the installation and execution of the program. Sample input and output data for test run will also be provided. The software is free to download and use once a signed license agreement has been received. The agreement will be displayed when the program is requested.
Running time: The running time depends on the size of the chemical system, simulation time, complexity of the ab initio method and number of CPUs. The ab initio method is the most time consuming part of each step in the calculations and scaling, for different types of systems and levels of theory is available in Valiev et al. (2010). Again, there are many factors that affect the running time for the full simulation and it can range from several hours for simulations of a few atoms with DFT and a small basis set running on a single compute node to several days for the simulation of tens of heavy atoms with larger basis set running parallel. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lourderaj, Upakarasamy] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Sch Chem Sci, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India.
[Sun, Rui; Kohale, Swapnil C.; Hase, William L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Barnes, George L.] Siena Coll, Dept Chem & Biochem, Loudonville, NY 12211 USA.
[de Jong, Wibe A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Windus, Theresa L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Hase, WL (reprint author), Box 41061, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM bill.hase@ttu.edu
RI DE JONG, WIBE/A-5443-2008
OI DE JONG, WIBE/0000-0002-7114-8315
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Office of Naval Research;
National Science Foundation; Robert A. Welch Foundation [D-0005];
National Science Foundation [OISE-0730114]; Department of Energy's
Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory; Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The development and applications of the VENUS/NWChem software package by
the Hase Research Group have been supported by grants from the Air Force
Office of Scientific Research, the Office of Naval Research, and the
National Science Foundation. Support from the Robert A. Welch
Foundation, from Grant No. D-0005, is also important. This material is
also based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under
Grant No. OISE-0730114 for the Partnerships in International Research
and Education (PIRE). This work was done in part using EMSL, a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, operated for the U.S. Department of
Energy by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 57
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
EI 1879-2944
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 3
BP 1074
EP 1080
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.11.011
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AB6SF
UT WOS:000331919100038
ER
PT J
AU Zhong, ZP
Talamo, A
Gohar, Y
AF Zhong, Zhaopeng
Talamo, Alberto
Gohar, Yousry
TI Monte Carlo and deterministic computational methods for the calculation
of the effective delayed neutron fraction (vol 184, pg 1660, 2013)
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Zhong, Zhaopeng; Talamo, Alberto; Gohar, Yousry] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zhong, ZP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM zzhong@anl.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
EI 1879-2944
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 3
BP 1193
EP 1193
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.11.007
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AB6SF
UT WOS:000331919100050
ER
PT J
AU Du, Q
Huang, Z
Lehoucq, RB
AF Du, Qiang
Huang, Zhan
Lehoucq, Richard B.
TI NONLOCAL CONVECTION-DIFFUSION VOLUME-CONSTRAINED PROBLEMS AND JUMP
PROCESSES
SO DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES B
LA English
DT Article
AB We introduce the Cauchy and time-dependent volume-constrained problems associated with a linear nonlocal convection-diffusion equation. These problems are shown to be well-posed and correspond to conventional convection-diffusion equations as the region of nonlocality vanishes. The problems also share a number of features such as the maximum principle, conservation and dispersion relations, all of which are consistent with their corresponding local counterparts. Moreover, these problems are the master equations for a class of finite activity Levy-type processes with nonsymmetric Levy measure. Monte Carlo simulations and finite difference schemes are applied to these nonlocal problems, to show the effects of time, kernel, nonlocality and different volume-constraints.
C1 [Du, Qiang; Huang, Zhan] Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Lehoucq, Richard B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Du, Q (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Math, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM qdu@math.psu.edu; zxh117@psu.edu; rblehou@sandia.gov
RI Du, Qiang/B-1021-2008
OI Du, Qiang/0000-0002-1067-8937
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0005346, WP-09-014290]; U.S. National
Science Foundation [DMS-1318586]; US AFOSR MURI Center for Material
Failure Prediction through Peridynamics; Lockheed Martin Company, for
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Laboratory Directed
Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories
FX The first two authors are supported by U.S. Department of Energy grant
DE-SC0005346, U.S. National Science Foundation grant DMS-1318586, and US
AFOSR MURI Center for Material Failure Prediction through Peridynamics.
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work of R.B. Lehoucq was supported in
part by U.S. Department of Energy grant FWP-09-014290 through the Office
of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, DOE Office of Science, and by
the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at
Sandia National Laboratories.
NR 9
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
PI SPRINGFIELD
PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA
SN 1531-3492
EI 1553-524X
J9 DISCRETE CONT DYN-B
JI Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.-Ser. B
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 19
IS 2
BP 373
EP 389
DI 10.3934/dcdsb.2014.19.373
PG 17
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA AB8HO
UT WOS:000332031200003
ER
PT J
AU Fletcher, DE
Lindell, AH
Stillings, GK
Mills, GL
Blas, SA
McArthur, JV
AF Fletcher, Dean E.
Lindell, Angela H.
Stillings, Garrett K.
Mills, Gary L.
Blas, Susan A.
McArthur, J. Vaun
TI Spatial and taxonomic variation in trace element bioaccumulation in two
herbivores from a coal combustion waste contaminated stream
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Trace elements; Bioaccumulation; Coal combustion waste; Clam; Mayfly
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE RATIOS; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; BULLFROGS
RANA-CATESBEIANA; CLAM CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; COASTAL-PLAIN STREAM;
FRESH-WATER; HEAVY-METALS; AQUATIC INSECTS; LIFE-HISTORIES; ARKANSAS
RIVER
AB Dissimilarities in habitat use, feeding habits, life histories, and physiology can result in syntopic aquatic taxa of similar trophic position bioaccumulating trace elements in vastly different patterns. We compared bioaccumulation in a clam, Corbicula fluminea and mayfly nymph Maccaffertium modestum from a coal combustion waste contaminated stream. Collection sites differed in distance to contaminant sources, incision, floodplain activity, and sources of flood event water and organic matter. Contaminants variably accumulated in both sediment and biofilm. Bioaccumulation differed between species and sites with C fluminea accumulating higher concentrations of Hg, Cs, Sr, Se, As, Be, and Cu, but M. modestum higher Pb and V. Stable isotope analyses suggested both spatial and taxonomic differences in resource use with greater variability and overlap between species in the more physically disturbed site. The complex but essential interactions between organismal biology, divergence in resource use, and bioaccumulation as related to stream habitat requires further studies essential to understand impacts of metal pollution on stream systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fletcher, Dean E.; Lindell, Angela H.; Stillings, Garrett K.; Mills, Gary L.; McArthur, J. Vaun] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Blas, Susan A.] Savannah River Nucl Solut, Area Complet Projects, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Fletcher, DE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
EM fletcher@srel.uga.edu; lindell@srel.uga.edu; garrett.stillings@ky.gov;
gmills@srel.uga.edu; susan.blas@srs.gov; mcarthur@srel.uga.edu
FU Department of Energy; Area Completion Projects group-SRNS
[DE-FC09-07SR22506]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy
and the Area Completion Projects group-SRNS under Award Number
DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. We
thank Bill Hopkins for his insightful comments that improved this
manuscript and David Kling, Cynthia Tant, Beryl Walker, and Nathaniel
Fletcher for field and lab assistance, Tracye Murphy and John Seaman for
trace element analysis and Tom Maddox for SIA.
NR 74
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U1 5
U2 34
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0147-6513
EI 1090-2414
J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE
JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 101
BP 196
EP 204
DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.024
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AB5UE
UT WOS:000331853400028
PM 24507146
ER
PT J
AU Tsuji, P
Poulson, J
Engquist, B
Ying, LX
AF Tsuji, Paul
Poulson, Jack
Engquist, Bjoern
Ying, Lexing
TI SWEEPING PRECONDITIONERS FOR ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION WITH SPECTRAL
ELEMENT METHODS
SO ESAIM-MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS-MODELISATION
MATHEMATIQUE ET ANALYSE NUMERIQUE
LA English
DT Article
DE Elastic wave; seismic wave; time-harmonic; frequency domain; spectral
elements; parallel preconditioner; iterative solver; sparse-direct;
perfectly matched layers; full waveform inversion
ID HARMONIC MAXWELLS EQUATIONS; HELMHOLTZ-EQUATION
AB We present a parallel preconditioning method for the iterative solution of the time-harmonic elastic wave equation which makes use of higher-order spectral elements to reduce pollution error. In particular, the method leverages perfectly matched layer boundary conditions to efficiently approximate the Schur complement matrices of a block LDLT factorization. Roth sequential and parallel versions of the algorithm are discussed and results for large-scale problems from exploration geophysics are presented.
C1 [Tsuji, Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Poulson, Jack] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Computat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Engquist, Bjoern] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Ying, Lexing] Stanford Univ, Dept Math, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Tsuji, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM lexing@math.stanford.edu
NR 25
TC 3
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U1 0
U2 6
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0764-583X
EI 1290-3841
J9 ESAIM-MATH MODEL NUM
JI ESAIM-Math. Model. Numer. Anal.-Model. Math. Anal. Numer.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 2
BP 433
EP 447
DI 10.1051/m2an/2013114
PG 15
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA AB7BH
UT WOS:000331943800007
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BB
Dhople, SV
Hamadeh, AO
Krein, PT
AF Johnson, Brian B.
Dhople, Sairaj V.
Hamadeh, Abdullah O.
Krein, Philip T.
TI Synchronization of Nonlinear Oscillators in an LTI Electrical Power
Network
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Inverter control; microgrids; nonlinear oscillators; synchronization
ID INVERTERS; SYSTEMS; PARALLEL; MICROGRIDS; CONTROLLER; OPERATION;
PASSIVITY
AB Sufficient conditions are derived for the global asymptotic synchronization of a class of identical nonlinear oscillators coupled through a linear time-invariant network. In particular, we focus on systems where oscillators are connected to a common node through identical branch impedances. For such networks, it is shown that the synchronization condition is independent of the number of oscillators and the value of the load impedance connected to the common node. Theoretical findings are then leveraged to control a system of parallel single-phase voltage source inverters serving an impedance load in an islanded microgrid application. The ensuing paradigm: i) does not necessitate communication between inverters, ii) is independent of system load, and iii) facilitates a modular design approach because the synchronization condition is independent of the number of oscillators. We present both simulation and experimental case studies to validate the analytical results and demonstrate the proposed application.
C1 [Johnson, Brian B.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Power Syst Engn Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Dhople, Sairaj V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Hamadeh, Abdullah O.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Krein, Philip T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Johnson, BB (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Power Syst Engn Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM brian.johnson@nrel.gov; sdhople@umn.edu; ahamadeh@mit.edu;
krein@illinois.edu
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; Grainger
Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics at the University of
Illinois; Global Climate and Energy Project at Stanford University
FX The work of B. B. Johnson was supported in part by a National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and the Grainger Center for
Electric Machinery and Electromechanics at the University of Illinois.
The work of P. T. Krein was supported in part by the Global Climate and
Energy Project at Stanford University. This paper was recommended by
Associate Editor R. Sipahi.
NR 38
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U1 1
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1549-8328
EI 1558-0806
J9 IEEE T CIRCUITS-I
JI IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I-Regul. Pap.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 3
BP 834
EP 844
DI 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2284180
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AB9LM
UT WOS:000332115000017
ER
PT J
AU Jordan, TS
Scott, S
Leonhardt, D
Custer, JO
Rodenbeck, CT
Wolfley, S
Nordquist, CD
AF Jordan, Tyler S.
Scott, Sean
Leonhardt, Darin
Custer, Joyce Olsen
Rodenbeck, Christopher T.
Wolfley, Steve
Nordquist, Christopher D.
TI Model and Characterization of VO2 Thin-Film Switching Devices
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Resistive circuits; switches; thin film devices; vanadium compounds
ID INSULATOR-TRANSITION; PHASE-TRANSITION
AB This paper investigates and models the dc behavior of thin-film-based switching devices. The devices are based on sputtered vanadium dioxide thin films that transition from 200 k Omega/square at room temperature to 390 Omega/square at temperatures above 68 degrees C, with the transition occurring over a narrow temperature range. The device resistance is characterized over temperature and under current-and voltage-sourced electrical bias. The finite-element model predicts the device's nonuniform switching behavior. Electrothermally heated devices show the same transition ratio and switching behavior as externally heated devices suggesting a purely electrothermal switching mechanism.
C1 [Jordan, Tyler S.; Leonhardt, Darin; Rodenbeck, Christopher T.; Wolfley, Steve; Nordquist, Christopher D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Scott, Sean] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Custer, Joyce Olsen] Sandia Staffing Alliance, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Jordan, TS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM tsjorda@sandia.gov; scottsm@purdue.edu; dleonha@sandia.gov;
jcuster@sandia.gov; ctroden@sandia.gov; slwolfl@sandia.gov;
cdnordq@sandia.gov
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; U.S. Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program. Sandia National Laboratories is a Multiprogram
Laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned
subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor C. K.
Sarkar.
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 38
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9383
EI 1557-9646
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 3
BP 813
EP 819
DI 10.1109/TED.2014.2299549
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA AB8LC
UT WOS:000332040700023
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, C
Wang, JH
AF Zhang, Chi
Wang, Jianhui
TI Optimal Transmission Switching Considering Probabilistic Reliability
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Evolutionary algorithm; multi-objective optimization; reliability;
transmission switching
AB A multi-objective (MO) optimization approach is proposed in this letter to develop optimal transmission switching strategies with minimal generating cost and maximal probabilistic reliability. The problem is solved via an evolutionary algorithm together with Monte Carlo simulation to capture the probabilistic nature of system component failures. The numerical results show that the identified quasi Pareto-optimal solutions can provide insights into the trade-off between generating cost and system reliability considering transmission switching.
C1 [Zhang, Chi] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zhang, C (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM czhang@tsinghua.edu.cn; jianhui.wang@anl.gov
RI zhang, chi/E-1251-2016
OI zhang, chi/0000-0002-2995-7469
FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy of U.S. Department of Energy;
National Natural Science Foundation of China [71301085, 71332005,
71301175]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
of U.S. Department of Energy and in part by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China under Grants 71301085, 71332005, and 71301175. Paper
no. PESL-00149-2012.
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-8950
EI 1558-0679
J9 IEEE T POWER SYST
JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 2
BP 974
EP 975
DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2287999
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AB7NT
UT WOS:000331978000047
ER
PT J
AU Seong, H
Choi, S
Lee, K
AF Seong, H.
Choi, S.
Lee, K.
TI EXAMINATION OF NANOPARTICLES FROM GASOLINE DIRECT-INJECTION (GDI)
ENGINES USING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (TEM)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sub-23-nm particles; Solid carbon nanoparticles; GDI engines; TEM
analysis; Morphology; PN regulation
ID EXHAUST; DIESEL; PARTICLE; VEHICLES
AB Gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines have been reported to produce significantly more particulate matter (PM) mass and particulate number (PN) emissions than do port-fuel-injection (PFI) spark ignition engines. Because small-sized particles are of great concern in terms of their regulation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to evaluate the sizes of primary and aggregate particles that were thermophoretically collected from three different GDI engines under various engine operating conditions. A low load and retarded fuel injection generally reduced the particle size. Consequently, when the fuel injection timing was delayed at low loads, primary and aggregate particles became extremely small. In particular, a number of nanoparticles were sub-23-nm particles. Careful high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) analyses provided the first evidence that these nanoparticles are solid carbon particles with clear fringe patterns and young soot (and/or highly condensed semi-volatiles) with amorphous carbon patterns. Therefore, this result suggests that the current cut-off size at 23 rim for PN regulation in Euro 6 must be further reduced to include sub-23-nm carbon nanoparticles.
C1 [Seong, H.; Choi, S.; Lee, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Seong, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM hseong@anl.gov
FU Advanced Engine Combustion Program at the U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Vehicle Technologies; Corning Inc.; Hyundai motor company; U.
S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. government retains for itself,
and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable
worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative
works, distribute copies to the public, perform publicly and display
publicly, by or on behalf of the government. The authors thank the
Advanced Engine Combustion Program at the U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Vehicle Technologies, Corning Inc. and Hyundai motor company
for their support. Additionally, the authors thank Dr. David Rothamer,
Stephen Sakai and Mitchel Hageman for their help in collecting
particulates from the single-cylinder engine in the Engine Research
Center (ERG) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Furthermore, the
use of the TEM instruments at the Center for Nanoscale Materials
facility and the Electron Microscopy Center was supported by the U. S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences.
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 41
PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-KSAE
PI SEOUL
PA #1301, PARADISE VENTURE TOWER, 52-GIL 21, TEHERAN-RO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL
135-919, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1229-9138
EI 1976-3832
J9 INT J AUTO TECH-KOR
JI Int. J. Automot. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
BP 175
EP 181
DI 10.1007/s12239-014-0019-5
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Transportation
GA AC0OD
UT WOS:000332193700001
ER
PT J
AU Choi, S
Myung, CL
Park, S
AF Choi, S.
Myung, C. L.
Park, S.
TI REVIEW ON CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-PARTICLE EMISSIONS AND PM MORPHOLOGY
FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES: PART 2
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Particulate matters (PM); PM characterization; TEM microscopy; X-ray
diffraction (XRD); Raman spectroscopy
ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; OPERATING-CONDITIONS; PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS;
FRACTAL DIMENSION; SOOT PARTICLES; AIR-POLLUTION; MOBILITY; SIZE;
NANOSTRUCTURE; MICROSCOPY
AB This paper presents a review of the characterization of physical properties, morphology, and nanostructure of particulate emissions from internal combustion engines. Because of their convenience and readiness of measurement, various on-line commercial instruments have been used to measure the mass, number, and size distribution of nano-particles from different engines. However, these on-line commercial instruments have inherent limitations in detailed analysis of chemical and physical properties, morphology, and nanostructure of engine soot agglomerates, information that is necessary to understand the soot formation process in engine combustion, soot particle behavior in after-treatment systems, and health impacts of the nano-particles. For these reasons, several measurement techniques used in the carbon research field, i.e., high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy, were used for analysis of engine particulate matter (PM). This review covers a brief introduction of several measurement techniques and previous results from engine nano-particle characterization studies using those techniques.
C1 [Choi, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Myung, C. L.; Park, S.] Korea Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
RP Myung, CL (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
EM gascar@korea.ac.kr
FU Korea University; BK21 plus
FX This study was supported by Korea University Grant and BK21 plus.
NR 62
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 42
PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-KSAE
PI SEOUL
PA #1301, PARADISE VENTURE TOWER, 52-GIL 21, TEHERAN-RO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL
135-919, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1229-9138
EI 1976-3832
J9 INT J AUTO TECH-KOR
JI Int. J. Automot. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
BP 219
EP 227
DI 10.1007/s12239-014-0023-9
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Transportation
GA AC0OD
UT WOS:000332193700005
ER
PT J
AU Kim, N
Lohse-Busch, H
Rousseau, A
AF Kim, N.
Lohse-Busch, H.
Rousseau, A.
TI DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF THE DUAL CLUTCH TRANSMISSION IN AUTONOMIE AND
VALIDATION WITH DYNAMOMETER TEST DATA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dual clutch transmission; Shifting map; Gearshift pattern; Modeling and
simulation; Fuel economy; Performance
AB Owing to ever more stringent regulations and customers' expectations, auto manufacturers have been considering numerous technology options to improve vehicle fuel economy. One of these is transmission technology, which has been shown to be one of the most cost-effective technologies. Over the past few years, transmissions have significantly evolved and have impacted both performance and fuel efficiency. As one of the advanced tranmissions, the dual clutch transmission (DCT) is the first automatic transmission to provide better efficiency than manual transmissions. DCTs provide reduced shift shocks and better driver comfort in addition to higher top speeds and torques. In this paper, a model and shifting controller for the DCT are developed in the vehicle systems context using Autonomie, a model-based vehicle simulation tool. Finally, the Autonomie DCT model and control strategy are validated using vehicle test data from Argonne's Advanced Powertrain Research Facility.
C1 [Kim, N.; Lohse-Busch, H.; Rousseau, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rousseau, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Transportat Technol R&D Ctr, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM arousseau@anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technology Office;
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle
Technology Office under the direction of David Anderson and Lee Slezak.
The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself,
and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable
worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative
works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display
publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 26
PU KOREAN SOC AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS-KSAE
PI SEOUL
PA #1301, PARADISE VENTURE TOWER, 52-GIL 21, TEHERAN-RO, GANGNAM-GU, SEOUL
135-919, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1229-9138
EI 1976-3832
J9 INT J AUTO TECH-KOR
JI Int. J. Automot. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
BP 263
EP 271
DI 10.1007/s12239-014-0027-5
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Transportation
GA AC0OD
UT WOS:000332193700009
ER
PT J
AU Chapline, G
Barbieri, J
AF Chapline, George
Barbieri, James
TI COLLECTIVE BARYON DECAY AND GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D
LA English
DT Article
DE Gravitational collapse; baryon decay; firewall; gamma ray bursts
ID LAMBDA-PHI-4 FIELD-THEORY; CURVED SPACE-TIME; SCALAR FIELD;
RENORMALIZATION; UNIVERSE
AB While it is widely believed that the gravitational collapse of a sufficiently large mass will lead to a density singularity and an event horizon, we propose that this never happens when quantum effects are taken into account. In particular, we propose that when the conditions become ripe for the formation of a trapped surface, a quantum critical firewall sweeps over the collapsing body, transforming the nucleons in the collapsing matter into a lepton/photon gas together with droplets of a positive vacuum energy. This will happen regardless of the matter density at the time a trapped surface starts to form, and as a result, we predict that at least in all cases of gravitational collapse involving ordinary matter, a large fraction of the rest mass of the collapsing matter will be converted into a burst of neutrinos and gamma-rays. We predict that the peak luminosity of these bursts is only weakly dependent on the mass of the collapsing object, and on the order of (epsilon(q)/m(P)c(2))(1/4)c(5)/G where epsilon(q) is the mean energy of a nucleon parton and m(P) is the Planck mass. The duration of the bursts will depend on the mass of the collapsing object; in the case of stellar core collapse, we predict that the duration of both the neutrino and gamma-ray bursts will be on the order of 10 s.
C1 [Chapline, George] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Barbieri, James] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA.
RP Chapline, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM barbierijf@hughes.net
FU TUBITAK [BIDEB-2219]
FX I would like to thank the colleagues in the theoretical high energy
physics group at McGill University and especially Robert Brandenberger
for their hospitality. This work is supported by TUBITAK BIDEB-2219
grant.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0218-2718
EI 1793-6594
J9 INT J MOD PHYS D
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 3
AR 1450025
DI 10.1142/S0218271814500254
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AB9OI
UT WOS:000332123800007
ER
PT J
AU Stefano, G
Renna, L
Brandizzi, F
AF Stefano, Giovanni
Renna, Luciana
Brandizzi, Federica
TI The endoplasmic reticulum exerts control over organelle streaming during
cell expansion
SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ER; Cytoplasmic streaming; Arabidopsis thaliana
ID CLASS-XI MYOSINS; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; F-ACTIN ORGANIZATION;
PLANT-CELLS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GOLGI-APPARATUS; TOBACCO-LEAVES;
MOTILITY; ER; MOVEMENTS
AB Cytoplasmic streaming is crucial for cell homeostasis and expansion but the precise driving forces are largely unknown. In plants, partial loss of cytoplasmic streaming due to chemical and genetic ablation of myosins supports the existence of yet-unknown motors for organelle movement. Here we tested a role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as propelling force for cytoplasmic streaming during cell expansion. Through quantitative live-cell analyses in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana cells and mutants with compromised ER structure and streaming, we demonstrate that cytoplasmic streaming undergoes profound changes during cell expansion and that it depends on motor forces co-exerted by the ER and the cytoskeleton.
C1 [Stefano, Giovanni; Renna, Luciana; Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Brandizzi, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM fb@msu.edu
RI STEFANO, GIOVANNI/A-8264-2011
OI STEFANO, GIOVANNI/0000-0002-2744-0052
FU National Science Foundation (Molecular and Cellular Biosciences)
[1243792]
FX This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (Molecular
and Cellular Biosciences) [grant number 1243792 to F.B.].
NR 42
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 24
PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL,
CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9533
EI 1477-9137
J9 J CELL SCI
JI J. Cell Sci.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 127
IS 5
BP 947
EP 953
DI 10.1242/jcs.139907
PG 7
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA AB9LV
UT WOS:000332116300004
PM 24424025
ER
PT J
AU Lehmann, M
Ghosh, PM
Madison, C
Karydas, A
Coppola, G
O'Neil, JP
Huang, YD
Miller, BL
Jagust, WJ
Rabinovici, GD
AF Lehmann, Manja
Ghosh, Pia M.
Madison, Cindee
Karydas, Anna
Coppola, Giovanni
O'Neil, James P.
Huang, Yadong
Miller, Bruce L.
Jagust, William J.
Rabinovici, Gil D.
TI Greater medial temporal hypometabolism and lower cortical amyloid burden
in ApoE4-positive AD patients
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Article
DE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE; PET; AMYLOID; GENETICS
ID CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; APOE EPSILON-4 ALLELE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE;
APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; GENETIC RISK; ONSET; BETA; GENOTYPE; DEMENTIA; ATROPHY
AB Background Apolipoprotein E 4 (ApoE4) has been associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid deposition and hypometabolism. ApoE4 is less prevalent in non-amnestic AD variants suggesting a direct effect on the clinical phenotype. However, the impact of ApoE4 on amyloid burden and glucose metabolism across different clinical AD syndromes is not well understood. We aimed to assess the relationship between amyloid deposition, glucose metabolism and ApoE4 genotype in a clinically heterogeneous population of AD patients.
Methods 52 patients with probable AD (National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association) underwent [C-11]Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) and [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans. All patients had positive PIB-PET scans. 23 were ApoE4 positive (ApoE4+) (14 heterozygous and 9 homozygous) and 29 were ApoE4 negative (ApoE4-). Groups consisted of language-variant AD, visual-variant AD and AD patients with amnestic and dysexecutive deficits. 52 healthy controls were included for comparison. FDG and PIB uptake was compared between groups on a voxel-wise basis and in regions of interest.
Results While PIB patterns were diffuse in both patient groups, ApoE4- patients showed higher PIB uptake than ApoE4+ patients across the cortex. Higher PIB uptake in ApoE4- patients was particularly significant in right lateral frontotemporal regions. In contrast, similar patterns of hypometabolism relative to controls were found in both patient groups, mainly involving lateral temporoparietal cortex, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex and middle frontal gyrus. Comparing patient groups, ApoE4+ subjects showed greater hypometabolism in bilateral medial temporal and right lateral temporal regions, and ApoE4- patients showed greater hypometabolism in cortical areas, including supplementary motor cortex and superior frontal gyrus.
Conclusions ApoE4+ AD patients showed lower global amyloid burden and greater medial temporal hypometabolism compared with matched ApoE4- patients. These findings suggest that ApoE4 may increase susceptibility to molecular pathology and modulate the anatomic pattern of neurodegeneration in AD.
C1 [Lehmann, Manja; Ghosh, Pia M.; Karydas, Anna; Miller, Bruce L.; Jagust, William J.; Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Memory & Aging Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Lehmann, Manja; Ghosh, Pia M.; Madison, Cindee; Jagust, William J.; Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lehmann, Manja] UCL, Natl Hosp Neurol & Neurosurg, Dementia Res Ctr, London WC1N 3BG, England.
[Coppola, Giovanni] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Coppola, Giovanni] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[O'Neil, James P.; Jagust, William J.; Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Huang, Yadong] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Huang, Yadong] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, Gladstone Inst Neurol Dis, San Francisco, CA 94140 USA.
RP Lehmann, M (reprint author), UCL, Natl Hosp Neurol & Neurosurg, Dementia Res Ctr, Box 16, London WC1N 3BG, England.
EM m.lehmann@ucl.ac.uk
RI Lehmann, Manja/B-9717-2014
FU Alzheimer's Research UK [ART-TRFUS2011-2]; National Institute on Aging
[K23-AG031861, R01-AG027859, P01-AG1972403, P50-AG023501, P01-AG022074];
Alzheimer's Association [NIRG-07-59422, ZEN-08-87090]; John Douglas
French Alzheimer's Foundation; State of California Department of Health
Services Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of California [04-33516];
Hellman Family Foundation
FX This work was supported by an Alzheimer's Research UK grant
ART-TRFUS2011-2 to ML; National Institute on Aging grants K23-AG031861
to GDR, R01-AG027859 to WJJ, P01-AG1972403 and P50-AG023501 to BLM and
P01-AG022074 to YH; Alzheimer's Association grants NIRG-07-59422 to GDR
and ZEN-08-87090 to WJJ; John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation to
GDR; State of California Department of Health Services Alzheimer's
Disease Research Center of California grant 04-33516 to BLM; gift from
the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation to YH and Hellman Family Foundation to
GDR and YH.
NR 46
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 5
PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3050
EI 1468-330X
J9 J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS
JI J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 3
BP 266
EP 273
DI 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305858
PG 8
WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery
GA AA7HP
UT WOS:000331268600009
PM 23965289
ER
PT J
AU Barcellos-Hoff, MH
Adams, C
Balmain, A
Costes, SV
Demaria, S
Illa-Bochaca, I
Mao, JH
Ouyang, H
Sebastiano, C
Tang, J
AF Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
Adams, Cassandra
Balmain, Allan
Costes, Sylvain V.
Demaria, Sandra
Illa-Bochaca, Irineu
Mao, Jian Hua
Ouyang, Haoxu
Sebastiano, Christopher
Tang, Jonathan
TI Systems biology perspectives on the carcinogenic potential of radiation
SO JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Heavy Ions in Therapy and Space Radiation Symposium
CY MAY 15-18, 2013
CL Chiba, JAPAN
DE ionizing radiation; breast cancer; heavy ion radiation; modeling;
initiation; promotion
ID INDUCED GENOMIC INSTABILITY; TRACHEAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SKIN TUMOR
PROGRESSION; AGENT-BASED MODEL; IONIZING-RADIATION; BREAST-CANCER;
MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; GROWTH-FACTOR; STEM-CELLS; MOUSE SKIN
AB This review focuses on recent experimental and modeling studies that attempt to define the physiological context in which high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation increases epithelial cancer risk and the efficiency with which it does so. Radiation carcinogenesis is a two-compartment problem: ionizing radiation can alter genomic sequence as a result of damage due to targeted effects (TE) from the interaction of energy and DNA; it can also alter phenotype and multicellular interactions that contribute to cancer by poorly understood non-targeted effects (NTE). Rather than being secondary to DNA damage and mutations that can initiate cancer, radiation NTE create the critical context in which to promote cancer. Systems biology modeling using comprehensive experimental data that integrates different levels of biological organization and time-scales is a means of identifying the key processes underlying the carcinogenic potential of high-LET radiation. We hypothesize that inflammation is a key process, and thus cancer susceptibility will depend on specific genetic predisposition to the type and duration of this response. Systems genetics using novel mouse models can be used to identify such determinants of susceptibility to cancer in radiation sensitive tissues following high-LET radiation. Improved understanding of radiation carcinogenesis achieved by defining the relative contribution of NTE carcinogenic effects and identifying the genetic determinants of the high-LET cancer susceptibility will help reduce uncertainties in radiation risk assessment.
C1 [Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen; Illa-Bochaca, Irineu; Ouyang, Haoxu] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Adams, Cassandra; Balmain, Allan] Univ Calif San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
[Costes, Sylvain V.; Mao, Jian Hua; Tang, Jonathan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Demaria, Sandra; Sebastiano, Christopher] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, 450 East 29th St, New York, NY 10016 USA.
EM mhbarcellos-hoff@nyumc.org
OI Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen/0000-0002-5994-9558; Demaria,
Sandra/0000-0003-4426-0499
NR 108
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0449-3060
EI 1349-9157
J9 J RADIAT RES
JI J. Radiat. Res.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 55
SU 1
BP 145
EP 154
DI 10.1093/jrr/rrt211
PG 10
WC Biology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
& Medical Imaging
GA AC4GE
UT WOS:000332478300003
ER
PT J
AU Wu, Y
Zhang, YW
Fan, FY
Luo, HM
Hu, PZ
Shen, YL
AF Wu Yun
Zhang Youwen
Fan Fuyou
Luo Huimin
Hu Peizhuo
Shen Yinglin
TI Synthesis of task-specific ionic liquids with grafted diglycolamide
moiety. Complexation and stripping of lanthanides
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Task-specific ionic liquids; Diglycolamide; Solvent extraction;
Stripping; Lanthanides
ID EXTRACTION; WATER; ACTINIDES; SEPARATION; LIGANDS; METALS; SYSTEM; WASTE
AB Task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs) of a novel class, with the diglycolamide moietity grafted in the alkyl chain of imidazolium cation, were synthesized and characterized. Lanthanide complexation capabilities of TSILs as active components of solid phase extractants were evaluated by studies on the adsorption of lanthanides from aqueous solutions. The TSIL-based solid adsorbents prepared by immobilization of long-alkyl-chain TSILs in siliceous mesostructured cellular foams adsorb trivalent lanthanides. No extraction of lanthanides from aqueous solution into 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([C(6)mim][Nf(2)T]) was observed at any acidity in the presence of these TSILs in the aqueous phase. This implies that TSILs suppress the extraction of lanthanides by formation of water-soluble complexes. The TSILs added to solvent extraction systems consisting of N, N, N ', N '-tetraoctyl-3-oxapentanediamide (TODGA) in [C(6)mim][Nf(2)T] and aqueous HNO3 solutions show very good stripping properties for lanthanides.
C1 [Wu Yun] Northwest Univ Nationalities, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[Zhang Youwen; Fan Fuyou; Hu Peizhuo; Shen Yinglin] Lanzhou Univ, Radiochem Lab, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[Luo Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shen, YL (reprint author), Lanzhou Univ, Radiochem Lab, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
EM shenyl@lzu.edu.cn
FU Basic Energy Science Program of the Office of Science, U.S. Department
of Energy [DE-AC05-0096OR22725]; Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry
of Education of China [20090211120026]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory
FX This research was supported by the Basic Energy Science Program of the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract
DE-AC05-0096OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by
UT-Battelle and by the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of
Education of China (20090211120026).
NR 16
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U1 7
U2 57
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 299
IS 3
BP 1213
EP 1218
DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2878-z
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB8IU
UT WOS:000332034400009
ER
PT J
AU Stanley, FE
Spencer, KJ
Schwartz, DS
Watrous, MG
Delmore, JE
AF Stanley, F. E.
Spencer, K. J.
Schwartz, D. S.
Watrous, M. G.
Delmore, J. E.
TI Investigating enhanced thorium ionization in TIMS using Re/Pt porous ion
emitters
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Porous ion emitter; Nuclear forensics; Thermal ionization mass
spectrometry; Thorium
ID EFFICIENCY; URANIUM
AB Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) is a widely used, benchmark method in actinide isotopic analyses efforts relevant to various nuclear and geological fields. Despite significant previous use and inherent advantages, however, poor sample ionization continues to hamper the use of TIMS in the measurement of trace species; actinide ionization efficiencies frequently fall below 0.1 % using traditional instrument sources. These low efficiencies seriously limit the ability to measure several highly refractory metals (e. g. U and Th) that may provide key signatures data in non-proliferation, safeguards and forensics efforts. Herein, a relatively new TIMS ion source strategy, employing porous ion emitters (PIEs) atop traditional filament assemblies, is investigated for the first time as a straightforward means of enhancing the ionization of Th, arguably a worst case scenario for TIMS-based actinide measurements. These sources yielded up to 410 % greater Th sample utilization, relative to previously published values and in-house measurements collected using traditional methods. Accompanying scanning electron microscopy investigations provide preliminary insight into the mechanisms of PIE functioning and explore the impacts of extended heating on the constructed source's structure and composition.
C1 [Stanley, F. E.; Spencer, K. J.; Schwartz, D. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Watrous, M. G.; Delmore, J. E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Stanley, FE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM floyd@lanl.gov
FU US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program; US Department of
Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration Office of
Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the US Department of
Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for portions of this work.
Additional support was provided by the US Department of Energy/National
Nuclear Security Administration Office of Nonproliferation and
Verification Research and Development. This manuscript reviewed and
approved under LA-UR-1325890.
NR 9
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U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 299
IS 3
BP 1447
EP 1452
DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2813-3
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB8IU
UT WOS:000332034400040
ER
PT J
AU Meyers, LA
Glover, SE
LaMont, SP
Stalcup, AM
Spitz, HB
AF Meyers, Lisa A.
Glover, Samuel E.
LaMont, Stephen P.
Stalcup, Apryll M.
Spitz, Henry B.
TI Radiological chronometry of uranium metal samples
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nuclear forensics; Uranium metal; Age dating; Etching procedures;
MC-ICP-MS
ID SPECTROMETRY; FOSSIL; AGE
AB Radiological chronometry is an important tool in nuclear forensics that uses several methods to determine the length of time that has elapsed since a material was last purified. One of the chronometers used in determining the age of metallic uranium involves measuring the fractional ingrowth of Th-230 from its parent U-234 with the assumption that the uranium metal contained no impurities, especially thorium, when it was purified. The affects of different etching procedures were evaluated for the removal of surface oxidation with three different types of uranium metal samples to determine whether the etching procedure affects the radiological age. The sample treated with a rigorous etching procedure had exhibited the most reliable radiological age while less rigorous etching yields a radiological age from 15 years to hundreds of years older than the known age. Any excess thorium on the surface of a uranium metal sample presents a bias in age determination and the sample will appear older than the true age. Although this research demonstrates the need for rigorous surface etching, a bias in the radiological age could have arisen if the uranium in the metal was heterogeneously distributed.
C1 [Meyers, Lisa A.; Stalcup, Apryll M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Glover, Samuel E.; Spitz, Henry B.] Univ Cincinnati, Nucl & Radiol Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[LaMont, Stephen P.] US DOE, Nucl Mat Informat Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Meyers, LA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, 404 Crosley Tower, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM meyersls@mail.uc.edu; henry.spitz@uc.edu
RI Stalcup, A. M./E-9386-2013
OI Stalcup, A. M./0000-0003-1537-0437
FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of
Homeland Security [2012-DN-130- NF0001-02]; U.S. Department of Homeland
Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; U.S. Department of Defense,
Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Ross Williams from Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory for his expertise and assistance with this
research. The authors would also like to thank the U.S. Department of
Energy's Nuclear Materials Information Program for funding this Project.
This work was part performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department
of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. This research was part based upon work supported by
the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Grant Award Number,
2012-DN-130- NF0001-02. This research was part performed under the
Nuclear Forensics Graduate Fellowship Program, which is sponsored by the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office
and the U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency. The
views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the
authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the
official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department
of Homeland Security.
NR 12
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U1 2
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 299
IS 3
BP 1833
EP 1837
DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2880-5
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB8IU
UT WOS:000332034400086
ER
PT J
AU Delegard, CH
Sinkov, SI
Chenault, JW
Schmidt, AJ
Welsh, TL
Pool, KN
AF Delegard, C. H.
Sinkov, S. I.
Chenault, J. W.
Schmidt, A. J.
Welsh, T. L.
Pool, K. N.
TI Determination of uranium metal concentration in irradiated fuel storage
basin sludge using selective dissolution
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Uranium metal; Uranium oxides; Nuclear fuel storage basin sludge;
Phosphoric acid
ID ACID
AB Irradiated uranium metal fuel was stored underwater in the K East and K West storage basins at the US Department of Energy Hanford Site. The uranium metal under damaged cladding reacted with water to generate hydrogen gas, uranium oxides, and spalled uranium metal particles which intermingled with other particulates to form sludge. While the fuel has been removed, uranium metal in the sludge remains hazardous. An expeditious routine method to analyze 0.03 wt% uranium metal in the presence of >30 wt% total uranium was needed to support safe sludge management and processing. A selective dissolution method was designed based on the rapid uranium oxide dissolution but very low uranium metal corrosion rates in hot concentrated phosphoric acid. The uranium metal-bearing heel from the phosphoric acid step then is rinsed before the uranium metal is dissolved in hot concentrated nitric acid for analysis. Technical underpinnings of the selective dissolution method, including the influence of sludge components, were investigated to design the steps and define the reagents, quantities, concentrations, temperatures, and times within the selective dissolution analysis. Tests with simulant sludge proved the technique feasible. Tests with genuine sludge showed a 0.0028 +/- 0.0037 wt% (at one standard deviation) uranium metal analytical background, a 0.011 wt% detection limit, and a 0.030 wt% quantitation limit in settled (wet) sludge. In tests using genuine K Basin sludge spiked with uranium metal at concentrations above the 0.030 wt% +/- 25 % (relative) quantitation limit, uranium metal recoveries averaged 99.5 % with a relative standard deviation of 3.5 %.
C1 [Delegard, C. H.; Sinkov, S. I.; Chenault, J. W.; Schmidt, A. J.; Pool, K. N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Welsh, T. L.] Miss Support Alliance, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Delegard, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM calvin.delegard@pnnl.gov
OI Delegard, Calvin/0000-0001-6503-9502
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 299
IS 3
BP 1871
EP 1882
DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2884-1
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB8IU
UT WOS:000332034400091
ER
PT J
AU Maxwell, SL
Culligan, BK
Hutchison, JB
AF Maxwell, Sherrod L.
Culligan, Brian K.
Hutchison, Jay B.
TI Rapid determination of actinides in asphalt samples
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Rapid analysis; Plutonium; Actinides; Asphalt; Soil; Emergency
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ALPHA-SPECTROMETRY; SOIL SAMPLES; PLUTONIUM
ISOTOPES; SEPARATION; (NP)-N-237; AMERICIUM; CONCRETE; URANIUM
AB A new rapid method for the determination of actinides in asphalt samples has been developed that can be used in emergency response situations or for routine analysis. If a radiological dispersive device, improvised nuclear device or a nuclear accident such as the accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March, 2011 occurs, there will be an urgent need for rapid analyses of many different environmental matrices, including asphalt materials, to support dose mitigation and environmental clean-up. The new method for the determination of actinides in asphalt utilizes a rapid furnace step to destroy bitumen and organics present in the asphalt and sodium hydroxide fusion to digest the remaining sample. Sample preconcentration steps are used to collect the actinides and a new stacked TRU Resin + DGA Resin column method is employed to separate the actinide isotopes in the asphalt samples. The TRU Resin plus DGA Resin separation approach, which allows sequential separation of plutonium, uranium, americium and curium isotopes in asphalt samples, can be applied to soil samples as well.
C1 [Maxwell, Sherrod L.; Culligan, Brian K.; Hutchison, Jay B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Maxwell, SL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 735-B, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM sherrod.maxwell@srs.gov
FU Department of Energy, DOE [DE-AC09-96SR18500]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the Department of Energy,
DOE Contract No. DE-AC09-96SR18500. The authors wish to acknowledge
Staci Britt, Jack Herrington and Becky Chavous for their assistance with
this work.
NR 16
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Z9 9
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 299
IS 3
BP 1891
EP 1901
DI 10.1007/s10967-013-2885-0
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB8IU
UT WOS:000332034400093
ER
PT J
AU Wang, EX
Avramov-Zamurovic, S
Watkins, RJ
Nelson, C
Malek-Madani, R
AF Wang, Eric X.
Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana
Watkins, Richard J.
Nelson, Charles
Malek-Madani, Reza
TI Probability density function estimation of laser light scintillation via
Bayesian mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID IRRADIANCE FLUCTUATIONS; TURBULENT ATMOSPHERE; INTENSITY; DISTRIBUTIONS;
STATISTICS; INFERENCE; MODELS; PATH
AB A method for probability density function (PDF) estimation using Bayesian mixtures of weighted gamma distributions, called the Dirichlet process gamma mixture model (DP-GaMM), is presented and applied to the analysis of a laser beam in turbulence. The problem is cast in a Bayesian setting, with the mixture model itself treated as random process. A stick-breaking interpretation of the Dirichlet process is employed as the prior distribution over the random mixture model. The number and underlying parameters of the gamma distribution mixture components as well as the associated mixture weights are learned directly from the data during model inference. A hybrid Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs sampling parameter inference algorithm is developed and presented in its entirety. Results on several sets of controlled data are shown, and comparisons of PDF estimation fidelity are conducted with favorable results. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Wang, Eric X.; Malek-Madani, Reza] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Math, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Avramov-Zamurovic, Svetlana] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Watkins, Richard J.] US Naval Acad, Mech Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Nelson, Charles] US Naval Acad, Elect Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Wang, EX (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Math, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM wang73@llnl.gov
NR 43
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U1 2
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
EI 1520-8532
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 3
BP 580
EP 590
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.31.000580
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AC1AS
UT WOS:000332227200017
PM 24690656
ER
PT J
AU Yamayoshi, S
Yamada, S
Fukuyama, S
Murakami, S
Zhao, DM
Uraki, R
Watanabe, T
Tomita, Y
Macken, C
Neumann, G
Kawaoka, Y
AF Yamayoshi, Seiya
Yamada, Shinya
Fukuyama, Satoshi
Murakami, Shin
Zhao, Dongming
Uraki, Ryuta
Watanabe, Tokiko
Tomita, Yuriko
Macken, Catherine
Neumann, Gabriele
Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
TI Virulence-Affecting Amino Acid Changes in the PA Protein of H7N9
Influenza A Viruses
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN TRANSMISSIBILITY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HUMAN INFECTIONS;
MOLECULAR-BASIS; RNA-POLYMERASE; H5N1; FERRETS; HUMANS; HOST;
REPLICATION
AB Novel avian-origin influenza A(H7N9) viruses were first reported to infect humans in March 2013. To date, 143 human cases, including 45 deaths, have been recorded. By using sequence comparisons and phylogenetic and ancestral inference analyses, we identified several distinct amino acids in the A(H7N9) polymerase PA protein, some of which may be mammalian adapting. Mutant viruses possessing some of these amino acid changes, singly or in combination, were assessed for their polymerase activities and growth kinetics in mammalian and avian cells and for their virulence in mice. We identified several mutants that were slightly more virulent in mice than the wild-type A(H7N9) virus, A/Anhui/1/2013. These mutants also exhibited increased polymerase activity in human cells but not in avian cells. Our findings indicate that the PA protein of A(H7N9) viruses has several amino acid substitutions that are attenuating in mammals.
C1 [Yamayoshi, Seiya; Yamada, Shinya; Uraki, Ryuta; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Tokyo, Japan.
[Fukuyama, Satoshi; Zhao, Dongming; Watanabe, Tokiko; Tomita, Yuriko; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, ERATO Infect Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama, Japan.
[Murakami, Shin; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Special Pathogens, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis,Minato Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
[Macken, Catherine] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Neumann, Gabriele; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Tokyo, Japan.
EM kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu
RI Yamayoshi, Seiya/C-1982-2013
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of
Japan; Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan; ERATO (Japan
Science and Technology Agency); NIAID-funded Center for Research on
Influenza Pathogenesis [HHSN266200700010C]
FX This study was supported by the Japan Initiative for Global Research
Network on Infectious Diseases from the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, by grants-in-aid from the
Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan, by ERATO (Japan Science
and Technology Agency), and by a NIAID-funded Center for Research on
Influenza Pathogenesis grant (HHSN266200700010C).
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 6
BP 3127
EP 3134
DI 10.1128/JVI.03155-13
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA AB9PA
UT WOS:000332126000007
PM 24371069
ER
PT J
AU Hong, L
Dhupia, JS
Sheng, SW
AF Hong, Liu
Dhupia, Jaspreet Singh
Sheng, Shuangwen
TI An explanation of frequency features enabling detection of faults in
equally spaced planetary gearbox
SO MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Planetary gear set; Modulation; Gear fault; Diagnosis
ID DYNAMIC-BEHAVIOR; VIBRATION; DEMODULATION; DEFECT; PHASE; MODEL; SETS;
BAND
AB Equally spaced planetary gearboxes are important power-train components for varied engineering systems. Their failures can result in significant capital losses and pose safety concerns. The vibration measurements perceived by a sensor mounted on the gearbox housing can provide valuable diagnostic information without normal gearbox operation interference. However, such vibration based monitoring techniques are difficult to implement in planetary gearboxes because of the complex nature of measured vibration spectra that is a result of planets revolving with respect to the stationary sensors mounted on the gearbox housing. Previous research with simulations and experiments using such measurements has reported distinct sideband patterns in the resulting vibration spectra, which differ significantly from the spectra of a normal fixed-axis/parallel gear pair system. In this paper, Fourier series analysis is used to explain these distinct sideband patterns that contain rich diagnostic information. The results obtained are useful to understand the cause of the observed vibration behavior in both healthy and faulty planetary gearboxes and identify the locations of additional frequency components introduced by the damaged gear in a complex measured vibration spectrum. Thus, the formulation presented in this paper can assist in developing robust feature extraction algorithms for early detection of planetary gearbox failures. The theoretical derivations presented in this paper are validated by both dynamic simulations and experiments on a dynamometer test bed using a 750 kW gearbox damaged during its operation while installed in a wind turbine. The predicted frequencies for observed faults in the annulus and sun gears of the gearbox are vividly presented in the experimentally measured frequency spectrum. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hong, Liu; Dhupia, Jaspreet Singh] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Sheng, Shuangwen] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Dhupia, JS (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Div Mechatron & Design, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM djaspreet@ntu.edu.sg
RI Dhupia, Jaspreet /A-3818-2011; Hong, Liu/P-4922-2016;
OI Dhupia, Jaspreet /0000-0001-7181-1917; Hong, Liu/0000-0003-3760-1259;
sheng, shuangwen/0000-0003-0134-0907
FU Ministry of Education, Singapore [RG11/09]; U.S. Department of Energy;
NREL
FX The authors are pleased to acknowledge the financial support of the
Ministry of Education, Singapore (grant number: RG11/09). The authors
also thank the U.S. Department of Energy and the NREL Gearbox
Reliability Collaborative project partners for their support to this
work.
NR 31
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U1 1
U2 49
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0094-114X
J9 MECH MACH THEORY
JI Mech. Mach. Theory
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 73
BP 169
EP 183
DI 10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2013.10.014
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AC3FA
UT WOS:000332399300012
ER
PT J
AU Deng, Y
Olson, DG
Zhou, JL
Herring, CD
Shaw, AJ
Lynd, LR
AF Deng, Yu
Olson, Daniel G.
Zhou, Jilai
Herring, Christopher D.
Shaw, A. Joe
Lynd, Lee R.
TI Redirecting carbon flux through exogenous pyruvate kinase to achieve
high ethanol yields in Clostridium thermocellum (vol 15, pg 151, 2013)
SO METABOLIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Deng, Yu; Olson, Daniel G.; Zhou, Jilai; Herring, Christopher D.; Lynd, Lee R.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Herring, Christopher D.; Lynd, Lee R.] Mascoma Corp, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA.
[Deng, Yu; Olson, Daniel G.; Zhou, Jilai; Herring, Christopher D.; Lynd, Lee R.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Shaw, A. Joe] Novogy Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lynd, LR (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn Dartmouth, Engn Dr,8000 Cummings Hall, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM Lee.Lynd@Dartmouth.edu
RI Olson, Daniel/F-2058-2011
OI Olson, Daniel/0000-0001-5393-6302
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1096-7176
EI 1096-7184
J9 METAB ENG
JI Metab. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 22
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1016/j.ymben.2013.11.006
PG 2
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AC3KG
UT WOS:000332416200001
ER
PT J
AU Tsapatsaris, N
Kolesov, BA
Fischer, J
Boldyreva, EV
Daemen, L
Eckert, J
Bordallo, HN
AF Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos
Kolesov, Boris A.
Fischer, Jennifer
Boldyreva, Elena V.
Daemen, Luke
Eckert, Juergen
Bordallo, Heloisa N.
TI Polymorphism of Paracetamol: A New Understanding of Molecular
Flexibility through Local Methyl Dynamics
SO MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular drugs; polymorphism; inelastic neutron scattering; methyl
rotation; hydrogen bonding; DFT calculations
ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; INTERMOLECULAR HYDROGEN-BONDS;
P-HYDROXYACETANILIDE; VARIABLE-TEMPERATURE; ORTHORHOMBIC POLYMORPH;
N-METHYLACETAMIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MONOCLINIC FORM; HIGH-RESOLUTION;
LINE-SHAPES
AB This study focuses on the interplay of molecular flexibility and hydrogen bonding manifested in the monoclinic (form I) and orthorhombic (form II) polymorphs of paracetamol. By means of incoherent inelastic neutron scattering and density functional theory calculations, the relaxation processes related to the methyl side-group reorientation were analyzed in detail. Our computational study demonstrates the importance of considering quantum effects to explain how methyl reorientations and subtle conformational changes of the molecule are intertwined. Indeed, by analyzing the quasi elastic signal of the neutron data, we were able to show a unique and complex motional flexibility in form II, reflected by a coupling between the methyl and the phenyl reorientation. This is associated with a higher energy barrier of the methyl rotation and a lower Gibbs free energy when compared to form I. We put forward the idea that correlating solubility and molecular flexibility, through the relation between pK(a) and methyl rotation activation energy, might bring new insights to understanding and predicting drug bioavailability.
C1 [Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos; Bordallo, Heloisa N.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Kolesov, Boris A.] Inst Inorgan Chem SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Kolesov, Boris A.; Boldyreva, Elena V.] REC 008 Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Fischer, Jennifer] Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Boldyreva, Elena V.] Inst Solid State Chem & Mechanochem SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630128, Russia.
[Daemen, Luke; Eckert, Juergen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Eckert, Juergen] Univ S Florida, Dept Chem, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Bordallo, Heloisa N.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Tsapatsaris, N (reprint author), European Spallat Source ESS AB, POB 176, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
EM nikolaos.tsapatsaris@esss.se; bordallo@nbi.ku.dk
RI Tsapatsaris, Nikolaos/C-7443-2014; Bordallo, Heloisa/I-6836-2012;
OI Bordallo, Heloisa/0000-0003-0750-0553; Tsapatsaris,
Nikolaos/0000-0003-0226-8345; Boldyreva, Elena/0000-0002-1401-2438
FU Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Los Alamos
National Security LLC under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Russian Ministry of
Science and Education [14.B37.21.1093]
FX H.N.B. and N.T. acknowledge the support of the Helmholtz-Center Berlin
(Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, HZB) for providing some of the neutron
research facilities used in this work. This work has also benefited from
the use of the Manuel Lujan, Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos
National Laboratory and funding from the Department of Energy's Office
of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is
operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396. E.V.B. acknowledges the Russian Academy of Sciences
and the financial support provided by the Russian Ministry of Science
and Education (project 14.B37.21.1093). J.E. thanks the Physics and
Chemistry of Materials Group (T-1) at LANL for making computing
resources available. Last, N.T. thanks Andrew Jackson, Paul Henry, Esko
Oksanen, and Hanna Wacklin at the European Spa Ration Source for many
fruitful discussions.
NR 56
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 7
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1543-8384
J9 MOL PHARMACEUT
JI Mol. Pharm.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 11
IS 3
BP 1032
EP 1041
DI 10.1021/mp400707m
PG 10
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA AC2QI
UT WOS:000332348600036
PM 24506163
ER
PT J
AU Sutter, PM
Lavaux, G
Wandelt, BD
Weinberg, DH
Warren, MS
AF Sutter, P. M.
Lavaux, Guilhem
Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Weinberg, David H.
Warren, Michael S.
TI The dark matter of galaxy voids
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE large-scale structure of Universe
ID OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; DIGITAL
SKY SURVEY; COSMIC VOIDS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES; DATA
RELEASE; SIMULATIONS; SPACE; EVOLUTION
AB How do observed voids relate to the underlying dark matter distribution? To examine the spatial distribution of dark matter contained within voids identified in galaxy surveys, we apply Halo Occupation Distribution models representing sparsely and densely sampled galaxy surveys to a high-resolution N-body simulation. We compare these galaxy voids to voids found in the halo distribution, low-resolution dark matter and high-resolution dark matter. We find that voids at all scales in densely sampled surveys - and medium- to large-scale voids in sparse surveys - trace the same underdensities as dark matter, but they are larger in radius by similar to 20 per cent, they have somewhat shallower density profiles and they have centres offset by similar to 0.4R(v) rms. However, in void-to-void comparison we find that shape estimators are less robust to sampling, and the largest voids in sparsely sampled surveys suffer fragmentation at their edges. We find that voids in galaxy surveys always correspond to underdensities in the dark matter, though the centres may be offset. When this offset is taken into account, we recover almost identical radial density profiles between galaxies and dark matter. All mock catalogues used in this work are available at http://www.cosmicvoids.net.
C1 [Sutter, P. M.; Lavaux, Guilhem; Wandelt, Benjamin D.] Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Sutter, P. M.; Lavaux, Guilhem; Wandelt, Benjamin D.] CNRS, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Sutter, P. M.; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Sutter, P. M.; Wandelt, Benjamin D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Lavaux, Guilhem] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Lavaux, Guilhem] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.
[Lavaux, Guilhem] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Wandelt, Benjamin D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Warren, Michael S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Sutter, PM (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
EM psutter2@illinois.edu
OI WANDELT, Benjamin/0000-0002-5854-8269; Lavaux,
Guilhem/0000-0003-0143-8891
FU NSF [AST-0908902, AST-0708849, AST-1009505]; ANR Chaire d'Excellence;
UPMC Chaire Internationale in Theoretical Cosmology; CITA National
Fellowship; Government of Canada; Government of Canada through Industry
Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and
Innovation
FX The authors would like to thank Nico Hamaus for useful comments. PMS and
BDW acknowledge support from NSF Grant AST-0908902. BDW acknowledges
funding from an ANR Chaire d'Excellence, the UPMC Chaire Internationale
in Theoretical Cosmology, and NSF grants AST-0908902 and AST-0708849. GL
acknowledges support from CITA National Fellowship and financial support
from the Government of Canada Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship.
Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada
through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the
Ministry of Research and Innovation. DW acknowledges support from NSF
Grant AST-1009505.
NR 52
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 438
IS 4
BP 3177
EP 3187
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2425
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AB8KD
UT WOS:000332038000035
ER
PT J
AU Santer, BD
Bonfils, C
Painter, JF
Zelinka, MD
Mears, C
Solomon, S
Schmidt, GA
Fyfe, JC
Cole, JNS
Nazarenko, L
Taylor, KE
Wentz, FJ
AF Santer, Benjamin D.
Bonfils, Celine
Painter, Jeffrey F.
Zelinka, Mark D.
Mears, Carl
Solomon, Susan
Schmidt, Gavin A.
Fyfe, John C.
Cole, Jason N. S.
Nazarenko, Larissa
Taylor, Karl E.
Wentz, Frank J.
TI Volcanic contribution to decadal changes in tropospheric temperature
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE; TRENDS; MODEL
AB Despite continued growth in atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases, global mean surface and tropospheric temperatures have shown slower warming since 1998 than previously(1-5). Possible explanations for the slow-down include internal climate variability(3,4,6,7), external cooling influences(1,2,4,8-11) and observational errors(12,13). Several recent modelling studies have examined the contribution of early twenty-first-century volcanic eruptions(1,2,4,8) to the muted surface warming. Here we present a detailed analysis of the impact of recent volcanic forcing on tropospheric temperature, based on observations as well as climate model simulations. We identify statistically significant correlations between observations of stratospheric aerosol optical depth and satellite-based estimates of both tropospheric temperature and short-wave fluxes at the top of the atmosphere. We show that climate model simulations without the effects of early twenty-first-century volcanic eruptions overestimate the tropospheric warming observed since 1998. In two simulations with more realistic volcanic influences following the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, differences between simulated and observed tropospheric temperature trends over the period 1998 to 2012 are up to 15% smaller, with large uncertainties in the magnitude of the effect. To reduce these uncertainties, better observations of eruption-specific properties of volcanic aerosols are needed, as well as improved representation of these eruption-specific properties in climate model simulations.
C1 [Santer, Benjamin D.; Bonfils, Celine; Painter, Jeffrey F.; Zelinka, Mark D.; Taylor, Karl E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Mears, Carl; Wentz, Frank J.] Remote Sensing Syst, Santa Rosa, CA 95401 USA.
[Solomon, Susan] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Schmidt, Gavin A.; Nazarenko, Larissa] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Fyfe, John C.; Cole, Jason N. S.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
RP Santer, BD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM santer1@llnl.gov
RI Schmidt, Gavin/D-4427-2012; Taylor, Karl/F-7290-2011; Santer,
Benjamin/F-9781-2011; Zelinka, Mark/C-4627-2011;
OI Schmidt, Gavin/0000-0002-2258-0486; Taylor, Karl/0000-0002-6491-2135;
Zelinka, Mark/0000-0002-6570-5445; Cole, Jason/0000-0003-0450-2748
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE/OBER Early Career
Research Program Award [SCW1295]
FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the
climate modelling groups for producing and making available their model
output. For CMIP, the US Department of Energy's Program for Climate
Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) provides coordinating
support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership
with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. J-P.
Vernier (NASA Langley) and M. Sato (GISS) supplied updated SAOD data. T.
M. L. Wigley (University of Adelaide), N. Gillett (Canadian Centre for
Climate Modelling and Analysis), A. Robock (Rutgers University), K.
Trenberth (National Center for Atmospheric Research) and S. F. B. Tett
(University of Edinburgh) provided helpful comments. At PCMDI, work by
B. D. S., J.P., M.Z. and K. E. T. was performed under the auspices of
the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344; C. B.
was supported by the DOE/OBER Early Career Research Program Award
SCW1295.
NR 28
TC 105
Z9 113
U1 14
U2 108
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 3
BP 185
EP 189
DI 10.1038/NGEO2098
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AB9DB
UT WOS:000332088800011
ER
PT J
AU Davies, PK
Guiton, BS
AF Davies, Peter K.
Guiton, Beth S.
TI Nanoscale phase separation in perovskites revisited Reply
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Letter
ID OXIDES
C1 [Davies, Peter K.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Guiton, Beth S.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Guiton, Beth S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Davies, PK (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM davies@seas.upenn.edu
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 35
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
EI 1476-4660
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 3
BP 217
EP 218
DI 10.1038/nmat3866
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA AB7BV
UT WOS:000331945200003
PM 24553640
ER
PT J
AU Leone, SR
McCurdy, CW
Burgdoerfer, J
Cederbaum, LS
Chang, Z
Dudovich, N
Feist, J
Greene, CH
Ivanov, M
Kienberger, R
Keller, U
Kling, MF
Loh, ZH
Pfeifer, T
Pfeiffer, AN
Santra, R
Schafer, K
Stolow, A
Thumm, U
Vrakking, MJJ
AF Leone, Stephen R.
McCurdy, C. William
Burgdoerfer, Joachim
Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
Chang, Zenghu
Dudovich, Nirit
Feist, Johannes
Greene, Chris H.
Ivanov, Misha
Kienberger, Reinhard
Keller, Ursula
Kling, Matthias F.
Loh, Zhi-Heng
Pfeifer, Thomas
Pfeiffer, Adrian N.
Santra, Robin
Schafer, Kenneth
Stolow, Albert
Thumm, Uwe
Vrakking, Marc J. J.
TI What will it take to observe processes in 'real time'?
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON CORRELATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; MOLECULES; PHYSICS
C1 [Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Leone, Stephen R.; McCurdy, C. William; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ultrafast Xray Sci Lab, Div Chem Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[McCurdy, C. William] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Burgdoerfer, Joachim] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Cederbaum, Lorenz S.] Heidelberg Univ, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Chang, Zenghu] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Chang, Zenghu] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Dudovich, Nirit] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Phys & Complex Syst, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Feist, Johannes] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Greene, Chris H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Ivanov, Misha; Vrakking, Marc J. J.] Max Born Inst, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Ivanov, Misha] Humboldt Univ, Dept Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Ivanov, Misha] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Kienberger, Reinhard; Kling, Matthias F.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Kienberger, Reinhard] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Keller, Ursula] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Kling, Matthias F.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Loh, Zhi-Heng] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Chem & Biol Chem, S-637371 Singapore, Singapore.
[Loh, Zhi-Heng] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Phys & Appl Phys, Sch Phys & Math Sci, S-637371 Singapore, Singapore.
[Pfeifer, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Pfeifer, Thomas] Heidelberg Univ, Ctr Quantum Dynam, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Pfeiffer, Adrian N.] Univ Jena, Inst Opt & Quantum Elect, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
[Santra, Robin] DESY, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
[Santra, Robin] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany.
[Schafer, Kenneth] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Stolow, Albert] Univ Ottawa, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Stolow, Albert] Queens Univ, Dept Chem, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Stolow, Albert] Queens Univ, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Stolow, Albert] Natl Res Council Canada, Emerging Technol Div, SDT, Ottawa, ON K1A OR6, Canada.
[Thumm, Uwe] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, JR Macdonald Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM srl@berkeley.edu
RI Schafer, Katrin/P-4728-2015; Pfeiffer, Adrian/J-7671-2016; Keller,
Ursula/N-2437-2016; Loh, Zhi-Heng/B-6952-2011; Santra,
Robin/E-8332-2014; Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011; Feist,
Johannes/J-7394-2012
OI Keller, Ursula/0000-0002-1689-8041; Loh, Zhi-Heng/0000-0001-9729-9632;
Santra, Robin/0000-0002-1442-9815; Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385;
Feist, Johannes/0000-0002-7972-0646
NR 25
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 8
U2 170
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
EI 1749-4893
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 3
BP 162
EP 166
DI 10.1038/nphoton.2014.48
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA AC0YJ
UT WOS:000332221100002
ER
PT J
AU Blok, MS
Bonato, C
Markham, ML
Twitchen, DJ
Dobrovitski, VV
Hanson, R
AF Blok, M. S.
Bonato, C.
Markham, M. L.
Twitchen, D. J.
Dobrovitski, V. V.
Hanson, R.
TI Manipulating a qubit through the backaction of sequential partial
measurements and real-time feedback
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM FEEDBACK; ENTANGLEMENT; SPINS
AB Quantum measurements not only extract information from a system but also alter its state. Although the outcome of the measurement is probabilistic, the backaction imparted on the measured system is accurately described by quantum theory(1-3). Therefore, quantum measurements can be exploited for manipulating quantum systems without the need for control fields(4-6). We demonstrate measurement-only state manipulation on a nuclear spin qubit in diamond by adaptive partial measurements. We implement the partial measurement via tunable correlation with an electron ancilla qubit and subsequent ancilla readout(7,8). We vary the measurement strength to observe controlled wavefunction collapse and find post-selected quantum weak values(8-10). By combining a novel quantum non-demolition readout on the ancilla with real-time adaptation of the measurement strength we realize steering of the nuclear spin to a target state by measurements alone. Besides being of fundamental interest, adaptive measurements can improve metrology applications(11-13) and are key to measurement-based quantum computing(14,15).
C1 [Blok, M. S.; Bonato, C.; Hanson, R.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
[Markham, M. L.; Twitchen, D. J.] Element Six Ltd, Ascot SL5 8BP, Berks, England.
[Dobrovitski, V. V.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Hanson, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci Delft, POB 5046, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
EM r.hanson@tudelft.nl
RI Hanson, Ronald/B-9555-2008;
OI Bonato, Cristian/0000-0003-1550-8483
FU Dutch Organization for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM); DARPA
QuASAR programme; EU DIAMANT programme; EU S3NANO programme; European
Research Council; US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences [DE AC02
07CH11358]
FX We thank L. DiCarlo, G. De Lange and L. Vandersypen for helpful
discussions and comments, and R. N. Schouten and M. J. Tiggelman for
technical assistance. We acknowledge support from the Dutch Organization
for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), the DARPA QuASAR programme,
the EU DIAMANT and S3NANO programmes and the European Research Council
through a Starting Grant. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by
the US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences under contract no. DE
AC02 07CH11358.
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 6
U2 35
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 3
BP 189
EP 193
DI 10.1038/NPHYS2881
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AC0LK
UT WOS:000332185900013
ER
PT J
AU Analytis, JG
Kuo, HH
McDonald, RD
Wartenbe, M
Rourke, PMC
Hussey, NE
Fisher, IR
AF Analytis, James G.
Kuo, H-H.
McDonald, Ross D.
Wartenbe, Mark
Rourke, P. M. C.
Hussey, N. E.
Fisher, I. R.
TI Transport near a quantum critical point in BaFe2(As1-xPx)(2)
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID KADOWAKI-WOODS RATIO; FERMI-LIQUID; RESISTIVITY; SUPERCONDUCTORS;
SCATTERING; METALS
AB The physics of quantum critical phase transitions connects to some of the most difficult problems in condensed matter physics, including metal-insulator transitions, frustrated magnetism and high-temperature superconductivity. Near a quantum critical point, a new kind of metal emerges, the thermodynamic and transport properties of which do not fit into the unified phenomenology for conventional metals-the Landau Fermi-liquid theory-characterized by a low-temperature limiting T-linear specific heat and a T-2 resistivity(1). Studying the evolution of the temperature dependence of these observables as a function of a control parameter leads to the identification of both the presence and the nature of the quantum phase transition in candidate systems. In this study we measure the transport properties of BaFe2(As1-xPx)(2) below the critical temperature T-c by suppressing superconductivity with high magnetic fields. At sufficiently low temperatures, the resistivity of all compositions (x >= 0.31) crosses over from a linear to a quadratic temperature dependence, consistent with a low-temperature Fermi-liquid ground state. As compositions with optimal T-c are approached from the overdoped side, this crossover becomes steeper, consistent with models of quantum criticality where the effective Fermi temperature T-F goes to zero.
C1 [Analytis, James G.; Kuo, H-H.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Analytis, James G.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Analytis, James G.; Fisher, I. R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Analytis, James G.; Wartenbe, Mark] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
[Analytis, James G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kuo, H-H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[McDonald, Ross D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Rourke, P. M. C.; Hussey, N. E.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
[Hussey, N. E.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, High Field Magnet Lab, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Analytis, JG (reprint author), Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM analytis@berkeley.edu
RI Hussey, Nigel/F-9699-2015;
OI Rourke, Patrick/0000-0001-7875-9592
FU US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Royal
Society Wolfson Research Merit Award; EPSRC (UK) [EP/K016709/1]; NSF/DMR
[1157490]; US DOE BES-'Science of 100 tesla'
FX H-H.K., J.G.A. and I.R.F. acknowledge support of the US DOE, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. J.G.A. would
like to thank the NHMFL Visiting Scientist Program for valuable support
while this data was taken. N.E.H. acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson
Research Merit Award and funding from the EPSRC (UK) grant EP/K016709/1.
The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory is supported through NSF/DMR
1157490. R.D.M. acknowledges US DOE BES-'Science of 100 tesla'.
NR 25
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 9
U2 74
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 3
BP 194
EP 197
DI 10.1038/NPHYS2869
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AC0LK
UT WOS:000332185900014
ER
PT J
AU Loarte, A
Huijsmans, G
Futatani, S
Baylor, LR
Evans, TE
Orlov, DM
Schmitz, O
Becoulet, M
Cahyna, P
Gribov, Y
Kavin, A
Naik, AS
Campbell, DJ
Casper, T
Daly, E
Frerichs, H
Kischner, A
Laengner, R
Lisgo, S
Pitts, RA
Saibene, G
Wingen, A
AF Loarte, A.
Huijsmans, G.
Futatani, S.
Baylor, L. R.
Evans, T. E.
Orlov, D. M.
Schmitz, O.
Becoulet, M.
Cahyna, P.
Gribov, Y.
Kavin, A.
Naik, A. Sashala
Campbell, D. J.
Casper, T.
Daly, E.
Frerichs, H.
Kischner, A.
Laengner, R.
Lisgo, S.
Pitts, R. A.
Saibene, G.
Wingen, A.
TI Progress on the application of ELM control schemes to ITER scenarios
from the non-active phase to DT operation
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE ELM (edge localized mode); ITER; ELM control; pellet pacing; RMP
(resonant magnetic perturbation)
ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; DIII-D TOKAMAK; PARTICLE LOSSES; ASDEX
UPGRADE; H-MODE; I ELMS; ENERGY; DEVICES; DESIGN
AB Progress in the definition of the requirements for edge localized mode (ELM) control and the application of ELM control methods both for high fusion performance DT operation and non-active low-current operation in ITER is described. Evaluation of the power fluxes for low plasma current H-modes in ITER shows that uncontrolled ELMs will not lead to damage to the tungsten (W) divertor target, unlike for high-current H-modes in which divertor damage by uncontrolled ELMs is expected. Despite the lack of divertor damage at lower currents, ELM control is found to be required in ITER under these conditions to prevent an excessive contamination of the plasma by W, which could eventually lead to an increased disruptivity. Modelling with the non-linear MHD code JOREK of the physics processes determining the flow of energy from the confined plasma onto the plasma-facing components during ELMs at the ITER scale shows that the relative contribution of conductive and convective losses is intrinsically linked to the magnitude of the ELM energy loss. Modelling of the triggering of ELMs by pellet injection for DIII-D and ITER has identified the minimum pellet size required to trigger ELMs and, from this, the required fuel throughput for the application of this technique to ITER is evaluated and shown to be compatible with the installed fuelling and tritium re-processing capabilities in ITER. The evaluation of the capabilities of the ELM control coil system in ITER for ELM suppression is carried out (in the vacuum approximation) and found to have a factor of similar to 2 margin in terms of coil current to achieve its design criterion, although such a margin could be substantially reduced when plasma shielding effects are taken into account. The consequences for the spatial distribution of the power fluxes at the divertor of ELM control by three-dimensional (3D) fields are evaluated and found to lead to substantial toroidal asymmetries in zones of the divertor target away from the separatrix. Therefore, specifications for the rotation of the 3D perturbation applied for ELM control in order to avoid excessive localized erosion of the ITER divertor target are derived. It is shown that a rotation frequency in excess of 1Hz for the whole toroidally asymmetric divertor power flux pattern is required (corresponding to n Hz frequency in the variation of currents in the coils, where n is the toroidal symmetry of the perturbation applied) in order to avoid unacceptable thermal cycling of the divertor target for the highest power fluxes and worst toroidal power flux asymmetries expected. The possible use of the in-vessel vertical stability coils for ELM control as a back-up to the main ELM control systems in ITER is described and the feasibility of its application to control ELMs in low plasma current H-modes, foreseen for initial ITER operation, is evaluated and found to be viable for plasma currents up to 5-10MA depending on modelling assumptions.
C1 [Loarte, A.; Huijsmans, G.; Futatani, S.; Gribov, Y.; Naik, A. Sashala; Campbell, D. J.; Casper, T.; Daly, E.; Lisgo, S.; Pitts, R. A.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Baylor, L. R.; Wingen, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Evans, T. E.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Orlov, D. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Schmitz, O.; Frerichs, H.; Kischner, A.; Laengner, R.] Assoc EURATOM FZJ, Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52428 Julich, Germany.
[Becoulet, M.] CEA IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Cahyna, P.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Plasma Phys, Assoc EURATOM IPP CR, Vvi, Prague 18200 8, Czech Republic.
[Kavin, A.] Efremov Res Inst, St Petersburg 196641, Russia.
[Saibene, G.] Fus Energy Joint Undertaking, Barcelona 08019, Spain.
RP Loarte, A (reprint author), ITER Org, Route Vinon Verdon, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
EM alberto.loarte@iter.org
RI Cahyna, Pavel/G-9116-2014; Orlov, Dmitriy/D-2406-2016;
OI Orlov, Dmitriy/0000-0002-2230-457X; Wingen, Andreas/0000-0001-8855-1349;
Kirschner, Andreas/0000-0002-3213-3225; Futatani,
Shimpei/0000-0001-5742-5454
NR 64
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 14
U2 64
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 3
AR 033007
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033007
PG 18
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB8EL
UT WOS:000332022800008
ER
PT J
AU Ma, JF
Xu, XQ
Dudson, BD
AF Ma, J. F.
Xu, X. Q.
Dudson, B. D.
TI Linear peeling-ballooning mode simulations in snowflake-like divertor
configuration using BOUT plus plus code
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE tokamaks; snowflake divertor; peeling-ballooning mode; plasma simulation
ID EDGE PLASMA; PEDESTAL; CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAK; STABILITY
AB We present linear characteristics of peeling-ballooning (P-B) modes in the pedestal region of DIII-D tokamak with snowflake (SF) plus divertor configuration using edge two-fluid code BOUT++. A set of reduced magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations is found to simulate the linear P-B mode in both snowflake plus and standard (STD) single-null divertor configurations. Further analysis shows that the implementation of snowflake geometry changes the local magnetic shear in the pedestal region, which leads to different linear behaviours of the P-B mode in STD and SF divertor configuration. Primary linear simulation results are the following. (1) The growth rate of the coupled P-B mode in SF-plus divertor geometry is larger than that in STD divertor geometry. (2) The global linear mode structures are more radially extended yet less poloidally extended in SF-plus divertor geometry, especially for moderate and high toroidal mode numbers. (3) The current-gradient drive (the kink term) dominates the P-B mode for low n, while the pressure gradient drive (ballooning) dominates for n > 25. In addition, constraints on poloidal field and central solenoid coils for snowflake geometry are briefly discussed based on conclusions in this paper.
C1 [Ma, J. F.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Ma, J. F.; Xu, X. Q.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Dudson, B. D.] Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
RP Ma, JF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
OI Dudson, Benjamin/0000-0002-0094-4867
FU US DoE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA-27344]; IFS [DE-FG02-04ER-54742,
LLNL-JRNL-645112]
FX The authors wish to thank Drs D. Ryutov, F. Waelbroeck and M.
Fenstermacher for useful discussions. The authors also wish to thank Drs
M. Umansky and L. Lodestro for providing snowflake-like equilibria using
CORSICA. This work was performed under the auspices of the US DoE by
LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA-27344 and by IFS under Contract
DE-FG02-04ER-54742. LLNL-JRNL-645112.
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 3
AR 033011
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033011
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB8EL
UT WOS:000332022800012
ER
PT J
AU Mayoral, ML
Bobkov, V
Czarnecka, A
Day, I
Ekedahl, A
Jacquet, P
Goniche, M
King, R
Kirov, K
Lerche, E
Mailloux, J
Van Eester, D
Asunta, O
Challis, C
Ciric, D
Coenen, JW
Colas, L
Giroud, C
Graham, M
Jenkins, I
Joffrin, E
Jones, T
King, D
Kiptily, V
Klepper, CC
Maggi, C
Maggiora, R
Marcotte, F
Matthews, G
Milanesio, D
Monakhov, I
Nightingale, M
Neu, R
Ongena, J
Putterich, T
Riccardo, V
Rimini, F
Strachan, J
Surrey, E
Thompson, V
Van Rooij, G
AF Mayoral, M. -L.
Bobkov, V.
Czarnecka, A.
Day, I.
Ekedahl, A.
Jacquet, P.
Goniche, M.
King, R.
Kirov, K.
Lerche, E.
Mailloux, J.
Van Eester, D.
Asunta, O.
Challis, C.
Ciric, D.
Coenen, J. W.
Colas, L.
Giroud, C.
Graham, M.
Jenkins, I.
Joffrin, E.
Jones, T.
King, D.
Kiptily, V.
Klepper, C. C.
Maggi, C.
Maggiora, R.
Marcotte, F.
Matthews, G.
Milanesio, D.
Monakhov, I.
Nightingale, M.
Neu, R.
Ongena, J.
Puetterich, T.
Riccardo, V.
Rimini, F.
Strachan, J.
Surrey, E.
Thompson, V.
Van Rooij, G.
CA JET EFDA Contributors
TI On the challenge of plasma heating with the JET metallic wall
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE JET; ILW; plasma heating; NBI; ICRF; LHCD
ID ITER-LIKE WALL; ICRF; EDGE; CONFINEMENT; PERFORMANCE; TRANSPORT;
TUNGSTEN; PROJECT
AB The major aspects linked to the use of the JET auxiliary heating systems: NBI, ICRF and LHCD, in the new JET ITER-like wall are presented. We show that although there were issues related to the operation of each system, efficient and safe plasma heating was obtained with room for higher power. For the NBI up to 25.7 MW was safely injected; issues that had to be tackled were mainly the beam shine-through and beam re-ionization before its entrance into the plasma. For the ICRF system, 5 MW were coupled in L-mode and 4 MW in H-mode; the main areas of concern were RF sheaths related heat loads and impurities production. For the LH, 2.5 MW were delivered without problems; arcing and generation of fast electron beams in front of the launcher that can lead to high heat loads were the keys issues. For each system, an overview will be given of: the main modifications implemented for safe use, their compatibility with the new metallic wall, the differences in behaviour compared with the previous carbon wall, with emphasis on heat loads and impurity content in the plasma.
C1 JET EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
[Mayoral, M. -L.; Day, I.; Jacquet, P.; King, R.; Kirov, K.; Mailloux, J.; Challis, C.; Ciric, D.; Giroud, C.; Graham, M.; Jenkins, I.; Jones, T.; King, D.; Kiptily, V.; Matthews, G.; Monakhov, I.; Nightingale, M.; Riccardo, V.; Rimini, F.; Surrey, E.; Thompson, V.] Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
[Mayoral, M. -L.; Neu, R.] EFDA Close Support Unit, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Bobkov, V.; Maggi, C.; Neu, R.; Puetterich, T.] EURATOM Assoziat, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Czarnecka, A.] Assoc Euratom IPPLM, PL-01497 Warsaw, Poland.
[Goniche, M.; Colas, L.; Joffrin, E.] CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Van Eester, D.] Assoc EURATOM Belgian State Lab Plasma Phys, Koninklijke Mil Sch, Ecole Royale Mil, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
[Asunta, O.] Assoc EURATOM Tekes, VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland.
[Coenen, J. W.] EURATOM, Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy Res Plasma Phys, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Klepper, C. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Marcotte, F.] Ecole Natl Ponts & Chaussees, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France.
[Milanesio, D.] Assoc EURATOM ENEA Fus, Politecn Torino, Turin, Italy.
[Strachan, J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Van Rooij, G.] FOM Inst DIFFER, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
RP Mayoral, ML (reprint author), Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
EM marie-line.mayoral@efda.org
RI Putterich, Thomas/A-6962-2012; Coenen, Jan Willem/K-7802-2013; Neu,
Rudolf /B-4438-2010
OI riccardo, valeria/0000-0003-2535-5257; Putterich,
Thomas/0000-0002-8487-4973; Coenen, Jan Willem/0000-0002-8579-908X; Neu,
Rudolf /0000-0002-6062-1955
FU European Communities
FX This work, part-funded by the European Communities under the contract of
Association between EURATOM/CCFE, was carried out within the framework
of the European Fusion Development Agreement. For further information on
the contents of this paper please contact
publications-officer@jet.efda.org. The views and opinions expressed
herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. This
work was also part-funded by the RCUK Energy Programme under grant
EP/I501045. To obtain further information on the data and models
underlying this paper please contact PublicationsManager@ccfe.ac.uk.
NR 53
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 20
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 3
AR 033002
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033002
PG 14
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB8EL
UT WOS:000332022800003
ER
PT J
AU Raffray, AR
Calcagno, B
Chappuis, P
Fu, Z
Furmanek, A
Chen, JM
Kim, DH
Khomiakov, S
Labusov, A
Martin, A
Merola, M
Mitteau, R
Sadakov, S
Ulrickson, M
Zacchia, F
AF Raffray, A. R.
Calcagno, B.
Chappuis, P.
Fu, Zhang
Furmanek, A.
Chen Jiming
Kim, D-H.
Khomiakov, S.
Labusov, A.
Martin, A.
Merola, M.
Mitteau, R.
Sadakov, S.
Ulrickson, M.
Zacchia, F.
CA Blanket Integrated Prod Team
TI The ITER blanket system design challenge
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE blanket; first wall; ITER; plasma-facing components; electro-magnetic
loads; nuclear shielding
ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; THERMAL RESPONSE;
1ST WALL; TRANSIENTS; RACLETTE; MODEL
AB This paper summarizes the latest progress in the ITER blanket system design as it proceeds through its final design phase with the Final Design Review planned for Spring 2013. The blanket design is constrained by demanding and sometime conflicting design and interface requirements from the plasma and systems such as the vacuum vessel, in-vessel coils and blanket manifolds. This represents a major design challenge, which is highlighted in this paper with examples of design solutions to accommodate some of the key interface and integration requirements.
C1 [Raffray, A. R.; Calcagno, B.; Chappuis, P.; Fu, Zhang; Furmanek, A.; Martin, A.; Merola, M.; Mitteau, R.; Sadakov, S.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Chen Jiming] China ITER Domest Agcy, Southwestern Inst Phys, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
[Kim, D-H.] ITER Korea, Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon 305806, South Korea.
[Khomiakov, S.] NA Dollezhal Res & Dev Inst Power Engn NIKIET, Moscow 107140, Russia.
[Labusov, A.] Efremov Inst, St Petersburg 196641, Russia.
[Ulrickson, M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Zacchia, F.] Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, ITER Dept, Fus Energy, Barcelona 08019, Spain.
RP Raffray, AR (reprint author), ITER Org, Route Vinon Verdon, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
EM rene.raffray@iter.org
NR 29
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 3
AR 033004
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033004
PG 18
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB8EL
UT WOS:000332022800005
ER
PT J
AU Shiraki, D
La Haye, RJ
Logan, NC
Strait, EJ
Volpe, FA
AF Shiraki, D.
La Haye, R. J.
Logan, N. C.
Strait, E. J.
Volpe, F. A.
TI Error field detection in DIII-D by magnetic steering of locked modes
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE tokamak; error field; locked mode
ID D TOKAMAK; D PLASMAS; BETA; ITER
AB Optimal correction coil currents for the n = 1 intrinsic error field of the DIII-D tokamak are inferred by applying a rotating external magnetic perturbation to steer the phase of a saturated locked mode with poloidal/toroidal mode number m/n = 2/1. The error field is detected non-disruptively in a single discharge, based on the toroidal torque balance of the resonant surface, which is assumed to be dominated by the balance of resonant electromagnetic torques. This is equivalent to the island being locked at all times to the resonant 2/1 component of the total of the applied and intrinsic error fields, such that the deviation of the locked mode phase from the applied field phase depends on the existing error field. The optimal set of correction coil currents is determined to be those currents which best cancels the torque from the error field, based on fitting of the torque balance model. The toroidal electromagnetic torques are calculated from experimental data using a simplified approach incorporating realistic DIII-D geometry, and including the effect of the plasma response on island torque balance based on the ideal plasma response to external fields. This method of error field detection is demonstrated in DIII-D discharges, and the results are compared with those based on the onset of low-density locked modes in ohmic plasmas. This magnetic steering technique presents an efficient approach to error field detection and is a promising method for ITER, particularly during initial operation when the lack of auxiliary heating systems makes established techniques based on rotation or plasma amplification unsuitable.
C1 [Shiraki, D.; Volpe, F. A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[La Haye, R. J.; Strait, E. J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Logan, N. C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Shiraki, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM shirakid@fusion.gat.com
RI Volpe, Francesco/D-2994-2009
OI Volpe, Francesco/0000-0002-7193-7090
FU US Department of Energy [DE-SC0008520, DE-FC02-04ER54698,
DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX The authors thank A.M. Garofalo and H. Reimerdes, who collected part of
the data analysed in this manuscript. This work was supported in part by
the US Department of Energy under DE-SC0008520, DE-FC02-04ER54698 and
DE-AC02-09CH11466.
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 3
AR 033006
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/3/033006
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB8EL
UT WOS:000332022800007
ER
PT J
AU Pomerantz, AE
Bake, KD
Craddock, PR
Kurzenhauser, KW
Kodalen, BG
Mitra-Kirtley, S
Bolin, TB
AF Pomerantz, Andrew E.
Bake, Kyle D.
Craddock, Paul R.
Kurzenhauser, Kurt W.
Kodalen, Brian G.
Mitra-Kirtley, Sudipa
Bolin, Trudy B.
TI Sulfur speciation in kerogen and bitumen from gas and oil shales
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; LASER
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; X-RAY; PETROLEUM FORMATION; XANES SPECTROSCOPY;
ORGANIC SULFUR; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; ASPHALTENES; FORMS
AB The chemical and physical structure of immobile organic matter partially controls both the thermal evolution of organic rich shales and hydrocarbon production from these unconventional fossil fuel resources. This organic matter is typically classified into two fractions: kerogen, which is defined as insoluble in organic solvent and bitumen, which is defined as soluble. Kerogen and bitumen are complex materials that are not yet completely characterized and often considered to be compositionally similar except for molecular weight. Here we present a novel method for measuring sulfur speciation in kerogen and we report measured sulfur speciations of kerogen and bitumen from three shales. We observe a general trend of dissimilarity between kerogen and bitumen, with kerogen being dominated by non-polar sulfur forms (such as elemental, sulfide and thiophene) while bitumen is more abundant in polar sulfur forms (sulfoxide). We propose that this difference in sulfur speciation results from a mechanism involving oxidation of non-polar sulfur forms in kerogen during bitumen generation. Additionally, the measured chemical composition of bitumen suggests that it could act as a naturally occurring surfactant, impacting fluid flow and therefore the feasibility of economic hydrocarbon recovery from shales. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pomerantz, Andrew E.; Bake, Kyle D.; Craddock, Paul R.; Kurzenhauser, Kurt W.] Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Kodalen, Brian G.; Mitra-Kirtley, Sudipa] Rose Hulman Inst Technol, Terre Haute, IN 47803 USA.
[Bolin, Trudy B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pomerantz, AE (reprint author), Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA.
EM apomerantz@slb.com
OI Craddock, Paul/0000-0003-4702-0204
NR 53
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 7
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 68
BP 5
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.12.011
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AC3GI
UT WOS:000332403900002
ER
PT J
AU Petrik, DL
Karlen, SD
Cass, CL
Padmakshan, D
Lu, FC
Liu, S
Le Bris, P
Antelme, S
Santoro, N
Wilkerson, CG
Sibout, R
Lapierre, C
Ralph, J
Sedbrook, JC
AF Petrik, Deborah L.
Karlen, Steven D.
Cass, Cynthia L.
Padmakshan, Dharshana
Lu, Fachuang
Liu, Sarah
Le Bris, Philippe
Antelme, Sebastien
Santoro, Nicholas
Wilkerson, Curtis G.
Sibout, Richard
Lapierre, Catherine
Ralph, John
Sedbrook, John C.
TI p-Coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) acts specifically in the
lignin biosynthetic pathway in Brachypodium distachyon
SO PLANT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR; Brachypodium distachyon; DFRC method; lignin; BAHD acyltransferase;
thioacidolysis; biomass; lignin acylation; grass
ID STATE 2D NMR; DFRC METHOD; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MEDIATED
TRANSFORMATION; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; COUPLING REACTIONS; SINAPYL ACETATE;
LIGNIFICATION; ACYLTRANSFERASE; EXPRESSION
AB Grass lignins contain substantial amounts of p-coumarate (pCA) that acylate the side-chains of the phenylpropanoid polymer backbone. An acyltransferase, named p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (OsPMT), that could acylate monolignols with pCA in vitro was recently identified from rice. In planta, such monolignol-pCA conjugates become incorporated into lignin via oxidative radical coupling, thereby generating the observed pCA appendages; however p-coumarates also acylate arabinoxylans in grasses. To test the authenticity of PMT as a lignin biosynthetic pathway enzyme, we examined Brachypodium distachyon plants with altered BdPMT gene function. Using newly developed cell wall analytical methods, we determined that the transferase was involved specifically in monolignol acylation. A sodium azide-generated Bdpmt-1 missense mutant had no (<0.5%) residual pCA on lignin, and BdPMT RNAi plants had levels as low as 10% of wild-type, whereas the amounts of pCA acylating arabinosyl units on arabinoxylans in these PMT mutant plants remained unchanged. pCA acylation of lignin from BdPMT-overexpressing plants was found to be more than three-fold higher than that of wild-type, but again the level on arabinosyl units remained unchanged. Taken together, these data are consistent with a defined role for grass PMT genes in encoding BAHD (BEAT, AHCT, HCBT, and DAT) acyltransferases that specifically acylate monolignols with pCA and produce monolignol p-coumarate conjugates that are used for lignification in planta.
C1 [Petrik, Deborah L.; Cass, Cynthia L.; Sedbrook, John C.] Illinois State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61790 USA.
[Petrik, Deborah L.; Cass, Cynthia L.; Sedbrook, John C.] Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Karlen, Steven D.; Padmakshan, Dharshana; Lu, Fachuang; Liu, Sarah; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Biochem,Dept Energy, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Le Bris, Philippe; Antelme, Sebastien; Sibout, Richard; Lapierre, Catherine] INRA, IJPB, UMR1318, F-78000 Versailles, France.
[Le Bris, Philippe; Antelme, Sebastien; Sibout, Richard; Lapierre, Catherine] AgroParisTech, IJPB, Saclay Plant Sci, UMR1318, F-78000 Versailles, France.
[Santoro, Nicholas] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Wilkerson, Curtis G.] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dept Plant Biol,Dept Energy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Sedbrook, JC (reprint author), Illinois State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Normal, IL 61790 USA.
EM jcsedbr@ilstu.edu
FU Department of Energy's Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Department
of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science)
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX We thank Frederic Legee for performing the Klason lignin analyses, Cliff
Foster for performing thioacidolysis analyses, Hoon Kim for his help
with gel-NMR methods, Nick Thrower for help processing RNA-Seq datasets,
and Stephen Lutgen, Heather Welch, and Michael Krzyskowski for prepping
tissue samples. We thank Marek Mutwil and Staffan Persson for providing
access to AraNet Brachypodium co-expression tools before their
publication. This work was supported by the Department of Energy's Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Department of Energy, Biological and
Environmental Research, Office of Science grant no. DE-FC02-07ER64494).
NR 59
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 11
U2 88
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0960-7412
EI 1365-313X
J9 PLANT J
JI Plant J.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 77
IS 5
BP 713
EP 726
DI 10.1111/tpj.12420
PG 14
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AB5SJ
UT WOS:000331848700005
PM 24372757
ER
PT J
AU Kharzeev, DE
AF Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
TI The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport
SO PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE Chiral anomaly; Chiral magnetic effect
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; PARITY-VIOLATING CURRENTS; ROTATING BLACK-HOLES;
QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; FIELD-THEORY; GAUGE-THEORIES;
TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; THERMAL-RADIATION
AB The Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is the phenomenon of electric charge separation along the external magnetic field that is induced by the chirality imbalance. The CME is a macroscopic quantum effect - it is a manifestation of the chiral anomaly creating a collective motion in Dirac sea. Because the chirality imbalance is related to the global topology of gauge fields, the CME current is topologically protected and hence non-dissipative even in the presence of strong interactions. As a result, the CME and related quantum phenomena affect the hydrodynamical and transport behavior of systems possessing chiral fermions, from the quark-gluon plasma to chiral materials. The goal of the present review is to provide an elementary introduction into the main ideas underlying the physics of CME, a historical perspective, and a guide to the rapidly growing literature on this topic. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Kharzeev, DE (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM dmitri.kharzeev@stonybrook.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG-88ER40388, DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX I am grateful to my collaborators G. Basar, G. Dunne, A. Efremov, K.
Fukushima, T. Kalaydzhyan, E. Levin, F. Loshaj, L. McLerran, R.
Pisarski, M. Polikarpov, D. Son, M. Tytgat, R. Venugopalan, H. Warringa,
H.-U. Yee, I. Zahed and A. Zhitnitsky for sharing their insights with
me, and to A. Abanov, M. Chernodub, A. Gorsky, U. Gursoy, K. Jensen,
T.D. Lee, L Levitov, R. Loganayagam, A. Mazeliauskas, V. Miransky, Y.
Oz, K. Rajagopal, O. Ruchayskiy, J. Sandweiss, I. Shovkovy, E. Shuryak,
M. Stephanov, O. Teryaev, M. Unsal, A. Vilenkin, S. Voloshin, F.
Wilczek, Y. Yin, and V. Zakharov for stimulating discussions. This work
was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts
DE-FG-88ER40388 and DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 212
TC 98
Z9 98
U1 8
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0146-6410
EI 1873-2224
J9 PROG PART NUCL PHYS
JI Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 75
BP 133
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.ppnp.2014.01.002
PG 19
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AC2RC
UT WOS:000332350600004
ER
PT J
AU Bhatia, SR
AF Bhatia, Surita R.
TI A LIFE SCIENTIST'S GUIDE TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
SO QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Bhatia, Surita R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Bhatia, Surita R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Bhatia, SR (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RI Bhatia, Surita/B-4536-2008
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0033-5770
EI 1539-7718
J9 Q REV BIOL
JI Q. Rev. Biol.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 1
BP 50
EP 50
DI 10.1086/675002
PG 1
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA AA7SH
UT WOS:000331296700014
ER
PT J
AU Krishna, KS
Tarakeshwar, P
Mujica, V
Kumar, CSSR
AF Krishna, Katla Sai
Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty
Mujica, Vladimiro
Kumar, Challa S. S. R.
TI Chemically Induced Magnetism in Atomically Precise Gold Clusters
SO SMALL
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomically-precise gold clusters; magnetism; surface magnetism; SQUID;
DFT calculations
ID STABILIZED AU-38 CLUSTERS; PERMANENT MAGNETISM; SELECTIVE OXIDATION;
CAPPED GOLD; NANOPARTICLES; NANOCLUSTERS; BEHAVIOR; AU
C1 [Krishna, Katla Sai; Kumar, Challa S. S. R.] Louisiana State Univ, CAMD, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA.
[Krishna, Katla Sai; Kumar, Challa S. S. R.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Atom Level Catalyst Design, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty; Mujica, Vladimiro] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Mujica, Vladimiro] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Mujica, Vladimiro] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kumar, CSSR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, CAMD, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA.
EM ckumar1@lsu.edu
RI Katla, Sai Krishna/F-8145-2010; Tarakeshwar, P./B-6609-2008
OI Tarakeshwar, P./0000-0002-0893-0670
FU Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design (CALC-D), an Energy Frontier
Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science
[DE-SC0001058]; Louisiana Board of Regents [LEQSF (2008-10)-ENH-TR-07];
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-SC0001058]
FX This research is supported as part of the Center for Atomic Level
Catalyst Design (CALC-D), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic
Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001058. We also thank the
Louisiana Board of Regents for an equipment grant (LEQSF
(2008-10)-ENH-TR-07) to purchase the SQUID magnetometer.
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 10
U2 62
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1613-6810
EI 1613-6829
J9 SMALL
JI Small
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 5
BP 907
EP 911
DI 10.1002/smll.201302393
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AC2PF
UT WOS:000332343400011
PM 24150895
ER
PT J
AU Jarmer, GJS
Flynn, EB
Todd, MD
AF Jarmer, Gregory J. S.
Flynn, Eric B.
Todd, Michael D.
TI Multi-wave-mode, multi-frequency detectors for guided wave interrogation
of plate structures
SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Guided ultrasonic waves; Lamb waves; generalized likelihood ratio test;
detection theory; plate structures
AB The detection and localization of damage using an array of closely spaced transducers is investigated theoretically and experimentally using single- and multiple-mode guided wave active sensing models. Detectors are derived using a generalized likelihood ratio approach assuming that amplitude, absolute phase, and source location of a scattered wave are unknown, while frequency, group velocity, and phase velocity are known. Theoretical detection performance for processing with each detector is derived and related to the energy-to-noise ratio of a scattered mode as a metric of determining when processing with multiple modes provides increased performance over processing with a single mode. Experimentally, detectors are implemented to detect scattering from a small mass glued to the surface of an aluminum plate with a 7 x 7 array of transducers. Relative detection and localization performance is compared through receiver operating characteristic curves and histograms of distance from true damage location for 1000 no-damage and damaged measurements. A single-mode, multi-frequency detector is shown to have the best detection and localization performance for the tested damage scenarios.
C1 [Jarmer, Gregory J. S.; Todd, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Flynn, Eric B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Todd, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, 8500 Gilman Dr 0085, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mdtodd@ucsd.edu
OI Flynn, Eric/0000-0003-0965-7052
FU Agency for Defense Development of the Korean Government [UD120027JD];
National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea [2011-0030065]; Ministry of
Education, Science and Technology
FX This study was performed under a research grant (No. UD120027JD)
supported by the Agency for Defense Development of the Korean
Government, and this article was also supported by Leading Foreign
Research Institute Recruitment Program (2011-0030065) of the National
Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education,
Science and Technology.
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 12
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1475-9217
EI 1741-3168
J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT
JI Struct. Health Monit.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 2
BP 120
EP 130
DI 10.1177/1475921713513972
PG 11
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AB1JJ
UT WOS:000331547100002
ER
PT J
AU Jeong, Y
Johnson, K
Fleming, P
AF Jeong, Yunho
Johnson, Kathryn
Fleming, Paul
TI Comparison and testing of power reserve control strategies for
grid-connected wind turbines
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE wind turbine control; power reserve; wind turbine grid integration
ID FREQUENCY REGULATION
AB The stability of the electrical grid depends on enough generators being able to provide appropriate responses to sudden losses in generation capacity, increases in power demand or similar events. Within the United States, wind turbines largely do not provide such generation support, which has been acceptable because the penetration of wind energy into the grid has been relatively low. However, frequency support capabilities may need to be built into future generations of wind turbines to enable high penetration levels over approximately 20%. In this paper, we describe control strategies that can enable power reserve by leaving some wind energy uncaptured. Our focus is on the control strategies used by an operating turbine, where the turbine is asked to track a power reference signal supplied by the wind farm operator. We compare the strategies in terms of their control performance as well as their effects on the turbine itself, such as the possibility for increased loads on turbine components. It is assumed that the wind farm operator has access to the necessary grid information to generate the power reference provided to the turbine, and we do not simulate the electrical interaction between the turbine and the utility grid. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Jeong, Yunho; Johnson, Kathryn] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Fleming, Paul] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
RP Jeong, Y (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Div Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM yunho3600@gmail.com
OI Fleming, Paul/0000-0001-8249-2544
FU NREL through the Alliance for Sustainable Energy [UGA-0-41025-04]
FX The authors thank the NREL through the Alliance for Sustainable Energy
(Authorization No. UGA-0-41025-04) for funding this research.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1095-4244
EI 1099-1824
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 3
BP 343
EP 358
DI 10.1002/we.1578
PG 16
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AA7GK
UT WOS:000331265400001
ER
PT J
AU Simley, E
Pao, LY
Frehlich, R
Jonkman, B
Kelley, N
AF Simley, Eric
Pao, Lucy Y.
Frehlich, Rod
Jonkman, Bonnie
Kelley, Neil
TI *Analysis of light detection and ranging wind speed measurements for
wind turbine control
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE LIDAR; wind turbine control; feedforward control
ID TURBULENCE
AB Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems are able to measure the speed of incoming wind before it reaches a wind turbine rotor. These preview wind measurements can be used in feedforward control systems designed to reduce turbine structural loads. However, the degree to which such preview-based control techniques can reduce loads by reacting to turbulence depends on how accurately the incoming wind field can be measured. This study examines the accuracy of different measurement scenarios that rely on coherent continuous-wave or pulsed Doppler LIDAR systems, in terms of root-mean-square measurement error, to determine their applicability to feedforward control. In particular, the impacts of measurement range, angular offset of the LIDAR beam from the wind direction, and measurement noise are studied for various wind conditions. A realistic simulation case involving a scanning LIDAR unit mounted in the spinner of a MW-scale wind turbine is studied in depth, with emphasis on preview distances that provide minimum measurement error for a specific scan radius. Measurement error is analyzed for LIDAR-based estimates of point wind speeds at the rotor as well as spanwise averaged blade effective wind speeds. The impact of turbulence structures with high coherent turbulent kinetic energy on measurement error is discussed as well. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Simley, Eric; Pao, Lucy Y.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Frehlich, Rod] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jonkman, Bonnie; Kelley, Neil] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Pao, LY (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM pao@colorado.edu
FU US National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Richard & Joy Dorf
Professorship
FX This work was supported in part by the US National Renewable Energy
Laboratory and a Richard & Joy Dorf Professorship. Additional industrial
support is also greatly appreciated. The authors thank Alan Wright,
Fiona Dunne, and Jason Laks for discussions on desired characteristics
of wind speed measurement devices that can enable preview-based control
methods for wind turbines. The ZephIR data was provided by Michael
Harris of Natural Power Consultants as part of a study with Riso DTU
(Technical University of Denmark) National Laboratory. Nikolas Angelou
processed the ZephIR data to determine radial velocity. Riso DTU
conducted the Tjaereborg spinner LIDAR experiment in 2009 with Torben
Mikkelsen as principal investigator in collaboration with Natural Power
(UK) as part of the Danish national infrastructure for wind energy
research (www.windscanner.dk).
NR 32
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1095-4244
EI 1099-1824
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 3
BP 413
EP 433
DI 10.1002/we.1584
PG 21
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AA7GK
UT WOS:000331265400005
ER
PT J
AU Ito, J
Herter, T
Baidoo, EEK
Lao, JM
Vega-Saanchez, ME
Smith-Moritz, AM
Adams, PD
Keasling, JD
Usadel, B
Petzold, CJ
Heazlewood, JL
AF Ito, Jun
Herter, Thomas
Baidoo, Edward E. K.
Lao, Jeemeng
Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.
Smith-Moritz, A. Michelle
Adams, Paul D.
Keasling, Jay D.
Usadel, Bjoern
Petzold, Christopher J.
Heazlewood, Joshua L.
TI Analysis of plant nucleotide sugars by hydrophilic interaction liquid
chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nucleotide sugars; Plant cell walls; Hydrophilic interaction liquid
chromatography; Arabidopsis; Rice; Selected reaction monitoring
ID CELL-WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; O-GLYCOSYLATION;
L-ARABINOSE; ARABIDOPSIS; INTERCONVERSION; SEPARATION; CLONING; GROWTH;
MUTANT
AB Understanding the intricate metabolic processes involved in plant cell wall biosynthesis is limited by difficulties in performing sensitive quantification of many involved compounds. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography is a useful technique for the analysis of hydrophilic metabolites from complex biological extracts and forms the basis of this method to quantify plant cell wall precursors. A zwitterionic silica-based stationary phase has been used to separate hydrophilic nucleotide sugars involved in cell wall biosynthesis from milligram amounts of leaf tissue. A tandem mass spectrometry operating in selected reaction monitoring mode was used to quantify nucleotide sugars. This method was highly repeatable and quantified 12 nucleotide sugars at low femtomole quantities, with linear responses up to four orders of magnitude to several 100 pmol. The method was also successfully applied to the analysis of purified leaf extracts from two model plant species with variations in their cell wall sugar compositions and indicated significant differences in the levels of 6 out of 12 nucleotide sugars. The plant nucleotide sugar extraction procedure was demonstrated to have good recovery rates with minimal matrix effects. The approach results in a significant improvement in sensitivity when applied to plant samples over currently employed techniques. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ito, Jun; Herter, Thomas; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; Lao, Jeemeng; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Smith-Moritz, A. Michelle; Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.; Petzold, Christopher J.; Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ito, Jun; Herter, Thomas; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; Lao, Jeemeng; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Smith-Moritz, A. Michelle; Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.; Petzold, Christopher J.; Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Herter, Thomas; Usadel, Bjoern] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Adams, Paul D.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Usadel, Bjoern] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Biol 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Usadel, Bjoern] Forschungszentrum Julich, IBG Plant Sci 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
RP Heazlewood, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, One Cyclotron Rd MS978-4466, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jlheazlewood@lbl.gov
RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Usadel, Bjorn/E-1932-2011; Heazlewood,
Joshua/A-2554-2008; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013
OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Heazlewood,
Joshua/0000-0002-2080-3826; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219
FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF-RCN [0090281]
FX This work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute was supported by
the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The substrates UDP-xylose, UDP-arabinopyranose, and UDP-galacturonic
acid were obtained from Carbosource Services (Athens, GA) which is
supported in part by NSF-RCN Grant 0090281.
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 26
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0003-2697
EI 1096-0309
J9 ANAL BIOCHEM
JI Anal. Biochem.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 448
BP 14
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.ab.2013.11.026
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA AB3GE
UT WOS:000331678500003
PM 24299991
ER
PT J
AU Xu, T
Li, YC
Van Nostrand, JD
He, ZL
Zhou, JZ
AF Xu, Tao
Li, Yongchao
Van Nostrand, Joy D.
He, Zhili
Zhou, Jizhong
TI Cas9-Based Tools for Targeted Genome Editing and Transcriptional Control
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS; SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC CONTROL; RNA-GUIDED ENDONUCLEASE;
ONE-STEP GENERATION; STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS; HOMOLOGOUS
RECOMBINATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-CELLS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS;
ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY
AB Development of tools for targeted genome editing and regulation of gene expression has significantly expanded our ability to elucidate the mechanisms of interesting biological phenomena and to engineer desirable biological systems. Recent rapid progress in the study of a clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein system in bacteria has facilitated the development of newly facile and programmable platforms for genome editing and transcriptional control in a sequence-specific manner. The core RNA-guided Cas9 endonuclease in the type II CRISPR system has been harnessed to realize gene mutation and DNA deletion and insertion, as well as transcriptional activation and repression, with multiplex targeting ability, just by customizing 20-nucleotide RNA components. Here we describe the molecular basis of the type II CRISPR/Cas system and summarize applications and factors affecting its utilization in model organisms. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Cas9-based tools in comparison with widely used customizable tools, such as Zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases.
C1 [Xu, Tao; Li, Yongchao; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xu, Tao; Li, Yongchao; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM jzhou@ou.edu
RI Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016
OI Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450
FU NSF EPSCoR [EPS 0814361]
FX This work was supported by the NSF EPSCoR award EPS 0814361.
NR 71
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 8
U2 73
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 5
BP 1544
EP 1552
DI 10.1128/AEM.03786-13
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AB2MH
UT WOS:000331626300001
PM 24389925
ER
PT J
AU Xing, Y
Li, A
Felker, DL
Burggraf, LW
AF Xing, Yun
Li, Alex
Felker, Daniel L.
Burggraf, Larry W.
TI Nanoscale Structural and Mechanical Analysis of Bacillus anthracis
Spores Inactivated with Rapid Dry Heating
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SUBTILIS VAR NIGER; THERMAL INACTIVATION;
BACTERIAL-SPORES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-PRESSURE; WET HEAT; AIR-FLOW;
GERMINATION; RESISTANCE
AB Effective killing of Bacillus anthracis spores is of paramount importance to antibioterrorism, food safety, environmental protection, and the medical device industry. Thus, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of spore resistance and inactivation is highly desired for developing new strategies or improving the known methods for spore destruction. Previous studies have shown that spore inactivation mechanisms differ considerably depending upon the killing agents, such as heat (wet heat, dry heat), UV, ionizing radiation, and chemicals. It is believed that wet heat kills spores by inactivating critical enzymes, while dry heat kills spores by damaging their DNA. Many studies have focused on the biochemical aspects of spore inactivation by dry heat; few have investigated structural damages and changes in spore mechanical properties. In this study, we have inactivated Bacillus anthracis spores with rapid dry heating and performed nanoscale topographical and mechanical analysis of inactivated spores using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results revealed significant changes in spore morphology and nanomechanical properties after heat inactivation. In addition, we also found that these changes were different under different heating conditions that produced similar inactivation probabilities (high temperature for short exposure time versus low temperature for long exposure time). We attributed the differences to the differential thermal and mechanical stresses in the spore. The buildup of internal thermal and mechanical stresses may become prominent only in ultrafast, high-temperature heat inactivation when the experimental timescale is too short for heat-generated vapor to efficiently escape from the spore. Our results thus provide direct, visual evidences of the importance of thermal stresses and heat and mass transfer to spore inactivation by very rapid dry heating.
C1 [Xing, Yun; Li, Alex; Burggraf, Larry W.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Xing, Yun] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Felker, Daniel L.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Syst Engn & Management, Dayton, OH USA.
RP Xing, Y (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Engn Phys, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
EM yun.xing@afit.edu; alex.li@afit.edu
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency
FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
through a program managed by Suhithi Peiris.
NR 57
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 5
BP 1739
EP 1749
DI 10.1128/AEM.03483-13
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AB2MH
UT WOS:000331626300025
PM 24375142
ER
PT J
AU Luo, CW
Rodriguez-R, LM
Johnston, ER
Wu, LY
Cheng, L
Xue, K
Tu, QC
Deng, Y
He, ZL
Shi, JZ
Yuan, MM
Sherry, RA
Li, DJ
Luo, YQ
Schuur, EAG
Chain, P
Tiedje, JM
Zhou, JZ
Konstantinidis, KT
AF Luo, Chengwei
Rodriguez-R, Luis M.
Johnston, Eric R.
Wu, Liyou
Cheng, Lei
Xue, Kai
Tu, Qichao
Deng, Ye
He, Zhili
Shi, Jason Zhou
Yuan, Mengting Maggie
Sherry, Rebecca A.
Li, Dejun
Luo, Yiqi
Schuur, Edward A. G.
Chain, Patrick
Tiedje, James M.
Zhou, Jizhong
Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.
TI Soil Microbial Community Responses to a Decade of Warming as Revealed by
Comparative Metagenomics
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RNA GENE DATABASE; DIVERGENCE; CARBON; ECOSYSTEM; PROJECT; DNA;
RESPIRATION; PROKARYOTES; ADAPTATION; DIVERSITY
AB Soil microbial communities are extremely complex, being composed of thousands of low-abundance species (<0.1% of total). How such complex communities respond to natural or human-induced fluctuations, including major perturbations such as global climate change, remains poorly understood, severely limiting our predictive ability for soil ecosystem functioning and resilience. In this study, we compared 12 whole-community shotgun metagenomic data sets from a grassland soil in the Midwestern United States, half representing soil that had undergone infrared warming by 2 degrees C for 10 years, which simulated the effects of climate change, and the other half representing the adjacent soil that received no warming and thus, served as controls. Our analyses revealed that the heated communities showed significant shifts in composition and predicted metabolism, and these shifts were community wide as opposed to being attributable to a few taxa. Key metabolic pathways related to carbon turnover, such as cellulose degradation (similar to 13%) and CO2 production (similar to 10%), and to nitrogen cycling, including denitrification (similar to 12%), were enriched under warming, which was consistent with independent physicochemical measurements. These community shifts were interlinked, in part, with higher primary productivity of the aboveground plant communities stimulated by warming, revealing that most of the additional, plant-derived soil carbon was likely respired by microbial activity. Warming also enriched for a higher abundance of sporulation genes and genomes with higher G+C content. Collectively, our results indicate that microbial communities of temperate grassland soils play important roles in mediating feedback responses to climate change and advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of community adaptation to environmental perturbations.
C1 [Luo, Chengwei; Rodriguez-R, Luis M.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Genom, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Luo, Chengwei; Rodriguez-R, Luis M.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Wu, Liyou; Cheng, Lei; Xue, Kai; Tu, Qichao; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Shi, Jason Zhou; Yuan, Mengting Maggie; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Wu, Liyou; Cheng, Lei; Xue, Kai; Tu, Qichao; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Shi, Jason Zhou; Yuan, Mengting Maggie; Sherry, Rebecca A.; Li, Dejun; Luo, Yiqi; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Schuur, Edward A. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Chain, Patrick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Johnston, Eric R.; Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Konstantinidis, KT (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Genom, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM jzhou@rccc.ou.edu; kostas@ce.gatech.edu
OI Rodriguez-R, Luis M/0000-0001-7603-3093; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632;
Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0004601]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (award
DE-SC0004601).
NR 55
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Z9 30
U1 13
U2 160
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 5
BP 1777
EP 1786
DI 10.1128/AEM.03712-13
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AB2MH
UT WOS:000331626300029
PM 24375144
ER
PT J
AU Saxena, S
Vuilleumier, D
Kozarac, D
Krieck, M
Dibble, R
Aceves, S
AF Saxena, Samveg
Vuilleumier, David
Kozarac, Darko
Krieck, Martin
Dibble, Robert
Aceves, Salvador
TI Optimal operating conditions for wet ethanol in a HCCI engine using
exhaust gas heat recovery
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ethanol; Wet ethanol; HCCI; Power generation; Biofuel; Engines
ID STRATEGIES; BENEFITS; COSTS; CYCLE
AB This study explores optimal operating conditions for power generation from wet ethanol in a HCCI engine using exhaust gas heat recovery. Wet ethanol is a difficult fuel to ignite as it requires high compressed gas temperatures to achieve ignition causing the requirement for substantial intake charge heating. A heat exchanger is retrofitted to a HCCI engine in this study to recover excess heat from the exhaust gases to provide the energy input for intake charge heating. This study builds on prior experimental research by focusing on optimal operating conditions for wet ethanol in HCCI with exhaust gas heat recovery. Operating points include intake pressures of 1.8 and 2.0 bar absolute, equivalence ratios of 0.50 and 0.55, combustion timings from just before TDC to misfire, and fuel mixtures from 70% to 100% ethanol (with water being the balance).
The results suggest that the best operating conditions for the HCCI engine and heat exchanger system in terms of high power output, low ringing, and low nitrogen oxide emissions occur with high intake pressures, high equivalence ratios and highly delayed combustion timing. With a 2 bar absolute intake pressure, an equivalence ratio of 0.55, and a combustion timing near 8 CAD ATDC, 70% ethanol produced a power output of nearly 7.25 bar gross IMEP with low ringing and low nitrogen oxide emissions. This operating point was sustained by using heat transfer from hot exhaust gases into the intake charge, and thus no external heat addition was required - a substantial improvement over prior studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Saxena, Samveg] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Vuilleumier, David; Krieck, Martin; Dibble, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kozarac, Darko] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia.
[Aceves, Salvador] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Saxena, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM samveg@berkeley.edu
OI Krieck, Martin/0000-0002-8081-3866
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through the project "Low
temperature combustion chemistry at boost pressures for surrogate fuels
and ethanol use in HCCI engine experiments"; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX Funding for this study was provided by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory through the project "Low temperature combustion chemistry at
boost pressures for surrogate fuels and ethanol use in HCCI engine
experiments", directed by Dr. S. Aceves. Additional support was also
provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada through the Canada Graduate Scholarship and Postgraduate
scholarship programs.
NR 27
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-2619
EI 1872-9118
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 116
BP 269
EP 277
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.033
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AB0VR
UT WOS:000331510700029
ER
PT J
AU Fang, M
Albrecht, BA
Ghate, VP
Kollias, P
AF Fang, Ming
Albrecht, Bruce A.
Ghate, Virendra P.
Kollias, Pavlos
TI Turbulence in Continental Stratocumulus, Part I: External Forcings and
Turbulence Structures
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Continental stratocumulus; External forcings; Turbulence
ID TOPPED BOUNDARY-LAYER; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; MIXED LAYERS; CLOUD;
ENTRAINMENT; PARAMETRIZATION; SKEWNESS; MODEL
AB Comprehensive, ground-based observations from the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurements program Southern Great Plains site are used to study the variability of turbulence forcings and cloud-scale turbulence structures in a continental stratocumulus cloud. The turbulence observations are made from an upward facing cloud (35 GHz) Doppler radar. Cloud base and liquid water path are characterized using a lidar at the surface and a microwave radiometer. The turbulence characterizations are compared and contrasted with those observed in marine stratocumulus clouds. During the 16-h observation period used in this study the cloud-base and cloud-top heights evolve with time and changes in liquid water path observed by the radiometer are consistent with variations in cloud depth. Unlike marine stratocumulus clouds, a diurnal cycle of cloud thickness and liquid water path is not observed. The observed surface latent, sensible, and virtual sensible heat fluxes and the radiative fluxes exhibit a diurnal cycle with values increasing from sunrise to afternoon and decreasing afterwards. During the night, the sensible heat, virtual sensible heat and the net radiative fluxes at the surface are slightly negative. Solar radiative heating prevails in the cloud layer during the day and strong radiative cooling exists at cloud top even during the day. Unlike marine stratocumulus, surface heating described by the convective velocity scale and cloud-top cooling described by are both important in driving the in-cloud turbulence during the day, whereas cloud-top cooling is the exclusive contributor during the night. The combined and (the total velocity scale provides a useful way to track the evolution of the turbulence structure in the cloud. The variance of the radar-measured radial velocity, which is related to resolved turbulence, follows the diurnal cycle and is consistent with the total velocity scale variations. It is higher during the day and lower during the night, which is contrary to that in marine stratocumulus. The values are lowest around sunset when the radiative cooling is also small due to upper-level clouds observed above the low-level stratus. The vertical distribution of the variance results from the surface heating during the day and cloud-top cooling during the night. The squared spectrum width, which is related to turbulence structures within the radar sampling volume (unresolved turbulence) also follows the diurnal cycle. Its vertical distribution indicates that the unresolved turbulence more closely relates to the processes near cloud top. Turbulence in the cloud requires about an hour to respond to the external forcings of surface heating and cloud-top radiative cooling. Positive skewness prevails during the day and negative skewness prevails at night with a sharp transition around sunset. Resolved turbulence dominates near cloud base whereas unresolved turbulence dominates near cloud top. The turbulence characteristics and variability defined in this study can be used to evaluate the time evolution of turbulence structures in large eddy simulation forced by surface and cloud-top radiative forcings.
C1 [Fang, Ming; Albrecht, Bruce A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ghate, Virendra P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kollias, Pavlos] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Fang, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM mfang3219@hotmail.com
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy under Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program Climate
Research Facility [DE SC0000777]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DE
SC0000777 as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program
Climate Research Facility.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 150
IS 3
BP 341
EP 360
DI 10.1007/s10546-013-9873-3
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AB4FB
UT WOS:000331743800001
ER
PT J
AU Fang, M
Albrecht, BA
Ghate, VP
Kollias, P
AF Fang, Ming
Albrecht, Bruce A.
Ghate, Virendra P.
Kollias, Pavlos
TI Turbulence in Continental Stratocumulus, Part II: Eddy Dissipation Rates
and Large-Eddy Coherent Structures
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coherent structures; Continental stratocumulus; Energy dissipation rate;
Radar observed spectrum width
ID DOPPLER RADAR; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; SPECTRAL WIDTH;
CLOUD; MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; SHEAR
AB This study first illustrates the utility of using the Doppler spectrum width from millimetre wavelength radar to calculate the energy dissipation rate and then to use the energy dissipation rate to study turbulence structure in a continental stratocumulus cloud. It is shown that the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate calculated from the radar-measured Doppler spectrum width agrees well with that calculated from the Doppler velocity power spectrum. During the 16-h stratocumulus cloud event, the small-scale turbulence contributes 40 % of the total velocity variance at cloud base, 50 % at normalized cloud depth = 0.8 and 70 % at cloud top, which suggests that small-scale turbulence plays a critical role near the cloud top where the entrainment and cloud-top radiative cooling act. The 16-h mean vertical integral length scale decreases from about 160 m at cloud base to 60 m at cloud top, and this signifies that the larger scale turbulence dominates around cloud base whereas the small-scale turbulence dominates around cloud top. The energy dissipation rate, total variance and squared spectrum width exhibit diurnal variations, but unlike marine stratocumulus they are high during the day and lowest around sunset at all levels; energy dissipation rates increase at night with the intensification of the cloud-top cooling. In the normalized coordinate system, the averaged coherent structure of updrafts is characterized by low energy dissipation rates in the updraft core and higher energy dissipation rates surround the updraft core at the top and along the edges. In contrast, the energy dissipation rate is higher inside the downdraft core indicating that the downdraft core is more turbulent. The turbulence around the updraft is weaker at night and stronger during the day; the opposite is true around the downdraft. This behaviour indicates that the turbulence in the downdraft has a diurnal cycle similar to that observed in marine stratocumulus whereas the turbulence diurnal cycle in the updraft is reversed. For both updraft and downdraft, the maximum energy dissipation rate occurs at a cloud depth = 0.8 where the maximum reflectivity and air acceleration or deceleration are observed. Resolved turbulence dominates near cloud base whereas unresolved turbulence dominates near cloud top. Similar to the unresolved turbulence, the resolved turbulence described by the radial velocity variance is higher in the downdraft than in the updraft. The impact of the surface heating on the resolved turbulence in the updraft decreases with height and diminishes around the cloud top. In both updrafts and downdrafts, the resolved turbulence increases with height and reaches a maximum at cloud depth = 0.4 and then decreases to the cloud top; the resolved turbulence near cloud top, just as the unresolved turbulence, is mostly due to the cloud-top radiative cooling.
C1 [Fang, Ming; Albrecht, Bruce A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ghate, Virendra P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kollias, Pavlos] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Fang, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM mfang3219@hotmail.com
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE SC 0000777, 0008599]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Grant DE SC 0000777 and 0008599 and was made possible by the measurement
from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility at
the Southern Great Plaines. We benefited from useful discussions with
Dr. Christoper Fairall.
NR 37
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U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 150
IS 3
BP 361
EP 380
DI 10.1007/s10546-013-9872-4
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AB4FB
UT WOS:000331743800002
ER
PT J
AU Moeller, SJ
Honorio, J
Tomasi, D
Parvaz, MA
Woicik, PA
Volkow, ND
Goldstein, RZ
AF Moeller, Scott J.
Honorio, Jean
Tomasi, Dardo
Parvaz, Muhammad A.
Woicik, Patricia A.
Volkow, Nora D.
Goldstein, Rita Z.
TI Methylphenidate Enhances Executive Function and Optimizes Prefrontal
Function in Both Health and Cocaine Addiction
SO CEREBRAL CORTEX
LA English
DT Article
DE anterior cingulate cortex; cerebellum; cocaine addiction; dopamine;
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; executive function; fMRI;
methylphenidate; norepinephrine; Stroop
ID DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; ERROR-RELATED NEGATIVITY;
WORKING-MEMORY TASK; ORAL METHYLPHENIDATE; BRAIN ACTIVATION; STROOP
TASK; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; NEURAL SYSTEMS
AB Previous studies have suggested dopamine to be involved in error monitoring/processing, possibly through impact on reinforcement learning. The current study tested whether methylphenidate (MPH), an indirect dopamine agonist, modulates brain and behavioral responses to error, and whether such modulation is more pronounced in cocaine-addicted individuals, in whom dopamine neurotransmission is disrupted. After receiving oral MPH (20 mg) or placebo (counterbalanced), 15 healthy human volunteers and 16 cocaine-addicted individuals completed a task of executive function (the Stroop color word) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). During MPH, despite not showing differences on percent accuracy and reaction time, all subjects committed fewer total errors and slowed down more after committing errors, suggestive of more careful responding. In parallel, during MPH all subjects showed reduced dorsal anterior cingulate cortex response to the fMRI contrast errorcorrect. In the cocaine subjects only, MPH also reduced errorcorrect activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (controls instead showed lower errorcorrect response in this region during placebo). Taken together, MPH modulated dopaminergically innervated prefrontal cortical areas involved in error-related processing, and such modulation was accentuated in the cocaine subjects. These results are consistent with a dopaminergic contribution to error-related processing during a cognitive control task.
C1 [Moeller, Scott J.; Parvaz, Muhammad A.; Woicik, Patricia A.; Goldstein, Rita Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Honorio, Jean] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Volkow, Nora D.] Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Goldstein, RZ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 30 Bell Ave,Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM rgoldstein@bnl.gov
RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015; Moeller, Scott/L-5549-2016;
OI Moeller, Scott/0000-0002-4449-0844; Parvaz, Muhammad/0000-0002-2671-2327
FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1R01DA023579, 1F32DA030017-01]; US
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CHI-886]
FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug
Abuse (to R.Z.G.: 1R01DA023579; to S.J.M.: 1F32DA030017-01). This
manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under
Contract No. DE-AC02-98CHI-886 with the US Department of Energy. The
United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the
article for publication, acknowledges, a worldwide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do
so, for the US Government purposes.
NR 84
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Z9 18
U1 2
U2 17
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1047-3211
EI 1460-2199
J9 CEREB CORTEX
JI Cereb. Cortex
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 3
BP 643
EP 653
DI 10.1093/cercor/bhs345
PG 11
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA AB5RI
UT WOS:000331845700008
PM 23162047
ER
PT J
AU Arya, V
Yang, X
Balimane, P
Chinn, L
Hinderling, P
Vaidyanathan, J
Zur, AA
Wittwer, MB
Zhang, L
AF Arya, V.
Yang, X.
Balimane, P.
Chinn, L.
Hinderling, P.
Vaidyanathan, J.
Zur, A. A.
Wittwer, M. B.
Zhang, L.
TI CREATININE AS AN ENDOGENOUS MARKER FOR RENAL FUNCTION-EMERGING ROLE OF
TRANSPORTERS IN THE OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RENAL TOXICITY.
SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics (ASCPT)
CY MAR 18-22, 2014
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut
C1 [Arya, V.; Yang, X.; Balimane, P.; Chinn, L.; Hinderling, P.; Vaidyanathan, J.; Zhang, L.] US FDA, CDER, Off Translat Sci, Off Clin Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Zur, A. A.; Wittwer, M. B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, ORISE, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0009-9236
EI 1532-6535
J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER
JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 95
SU 1
BP S65
EP S65
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA AB7ZL
UT WOS:000332009800190
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, L
Wu, F
Lee, S
Zhao, H
Zhang, L
AF Zhang, L.
Wu, F.
Lee, S.
Zhao, H.
Zhang, L.
TI PH-DEPENDENT DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS: POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR NEW DRUG
DEVELOPMENT.
SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics (ASCPT)
CY MAR 18-22, 2014
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut
C1 [Zhang, L.; Wu, F.; Lee, S.; Zhao, H.; Zhang, L.] US FDA, CDER, Off Translat Sci, Off Clin Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Wu, F.] US FDA, CDER, Off Translat Sci, ORISE, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0009-9236
EI 1532-6535
J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER
JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 95
SU 1
BP S65
EP S65
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA AB7ZL
UT WOS:000332009800191
ER
PT J
AU Prague, M
Commenges, D
Guedj, J
Drylewicz, J
Thiebaut, R
AF Prague, Melanie
Commenges, Daniel
Guedj, Jeremie
Drylewicz, Julia
Thiebaut, Rodolphe
TI NIMROD: A program for inference via normal approximation of the
posterior in models with random effects based on ordinary differential
equations (vol 111, pg 447, 2013)
SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Prague, Melanie; Commenges, Daniel; Thiebaut, Rodolphe] Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, Ctr INSERM U897 Epidemiol Biostat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
[Prague, Melanie; Commenges, Daniel; Thiebaut, Rodolphe] INSERM, ISPED, Ctr INSERM U897 Epidemiol Biostat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
[Guedj, Jeremie] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Drylewicz, Julia] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Lab Translat Immunol, NL-3508 AB Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Drylewicz, Julia] Univ Utrecht, Dept Biol, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Prague, M (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, Gironde, France.
EM melanie.prague@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr
RI Guedj, Jeremie/A-6842-2017
OI Guedj, Jeremie/0000-0002-5534-5482
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0169-2607
EI 1872-7565
J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO
JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 3
BP 927
EP 927
DI 10.1016/j.cinpb.2013.09.015
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics
GA AB3YQ
UT WOS:000331726500020
ER
PT J
AU Pruett, CL
Whelan, C
Ricono, A
Lance, SL
Glenn, T
Faircloth, B
Winker, K
AF Pruett, Christin L.
Whelan, Cesili
Ricono, Angela
Lance, Stacey L.
Glenn, Travis
Faircloth, Brant
Winker, Kevin
TI Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for two species
of Beringian birds, rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) and Pacific
wren (Troglodytes pacificus)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Troglodytes; Calidris; PCR primers; Microsatellite; Aleutian Islands;
Pribilof Islands
ID DNA LOCI
AB Identification and assessment of small, endemic populations are priorities for conservation. We isolated and characterized 8 microsatellite loci from rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) and 5 microsatellite loci from Pacific wren (Troglodytes pacificus), species with endemic populations of named subspecies that are of conservation concern. Eighteen to 20 individuals of each species from several locations in Alaska were screened for polymorphism. Loci for each species showed high polymorphism, with rock sandpiper ranging from 5 to 14 alleles per locus and 0.73-0.88 expected heterozygosity and Pacific wren ranging from 5 to 14 alleles per locus and 0.55-0.91 expected heterozygosity. Loci developed for rock sandpipers were also polymorphic in closely related taxa. These loci are the first developed for either species and will be used to identify and conserve endemic populations in the Bering Sea region.
C1 [Pruett, Christin L.; Whelan, Cesili; Ricono, Angela] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
[Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Glenn, Travis] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Faircloth, Brant] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Winker, Kevin] Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Pruett, CL (reprint author), Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
EM cpruett@fit.edu
RI Winker, Kevin/M-2042-2014; Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013;
OI Winker, Kevin/0000-0002-8985-8104; Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733;
Faircloth, Brant/0000-0002-1943-0217
FU Florida Institute of Technology; University of Alaska Museum; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]
FX This work was supported by the Florida Institute of Technology,
University of Alaska Museum, and by the U.S. Department of Energy under
Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research
Foundation. We thank M. Zimmerman, S. Garcia, M. Smith, and R. Selvam
for help in the laboratory.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 1
BP 175
EP 177
DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0040-4
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AB3RQ
UT WOS:000331708300046
ER
PT J
AU Morales-Leyva, A
Medellin, RA
Lance, SL
Rodriguez-Herrera, B
Del Real-Monroy, M
Ortega, J
AF Morales-Leyva, Alberto
Medellin, Rodrigo A.
Lance, Stacey L.
Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal
Del Real-Monroy, Melina
Ortega, Jorge
TI Development of microsatellite loci for the Honduran white-bat
(Ectophylla alba) by using Illumina paired-end sequences
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ectophylla alba; Illumina; Microsatellites; Pal_finder
AB Ectophylla alba is a bat restricted to Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. A technique based on Illumina paired-end sequencing of a library highly enriched for microsatellite repeats was used to develop loci. Thirteen polymorphic (tri, tetra- and pentanucleotide) microsatellites were developed and tested. All markers were genotyped on 42 different individuals from 5 distinct locations. We observed low to medium-high genetic variation across most loci. Levels of expected heterozygosity across all markers was medium to low (mean H-E = 0.659, mean H-O = 0.672).
C1 [Morales-Leyva, Alberto; Del Real-Monroy, Melina; Ortega, Jorge] Inst Politecn Nacl, Lab Bioconservac & Manejo, Dept Zool, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico.
[Medellin, Rodrigo A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Lab Ecol & Conservac Vertebrados, Dept Ecol Biodiversidad, Inst Ecol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
[Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Secc Zool, San Jose, Costa Rica.
RP Ortega, J (reprint author), Inst Politecn Nacl, Lab Bioconservac & Manejo, Dept Zool, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Prolongac Carpio & Plan Ayala S-N, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico.
EM artibeus2@aol.com
RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013
OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733
FU CONACyT Ciencia Basica [156725]; DOE [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; CONACyT
[156725]
FX Financial support was provided by CONACyT Ciencia Basica (156725).
Alberto Morales-Leyva thanks supporting field work provided by R. A.
Medellin and B. Rodriguez-Herrera. Manuscript preparation was partially
supported by the DOE under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the
University of Georgia Research Foundation. Alberto Morales-Leyva is
supported by a scholarship provided by CONACyT (156725) as undergraduate
student in ENCB, IPN.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 1
BP 219
EP 220
DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0065-8
PG 2
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AB3RQ
UT WOS:000331708300059
ER
PT J
AU Peet, YT
Fischer, PF
AF Peet, Y. T.
Fischer, P. F.
TI Legendre spectral element method with nearly incompressible materials
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Spectral element method; Nearly incompressible materials; Poisson
locking
ID ITERATIVE SUBSTRUCTURING METHODS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; P-VERSION;
ELASTICITY PROBLEMS; FINITE-ELEMENTS; LINEAR ELASTICITY;
ELLIPTIC-SYSTEMS; BLOOD-FLOW; LOCKING; DISCRETIZATIONS
AB We investigate convergence behavior of a spectral element method based on Legendre polynomial shape functions solving linear elasticity equations for a range of Poisson's ratios of a material. We document uniform convergence rates independent of Poisson's ratio for a wide class of problems with both straight and curved elements in two and three dimensions, demonstrating locking-free properties of the spectral element method with nearly incompressible materials. We investigate computational efficiency of the current method without a preconditioner and with a simple mass-matrix preconditioner, however no attempt to optimize a choice of a preconditioner was made. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 [Peet, Y. T.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Peet, Y. T.; Fischer, P. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Peet, YT (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM ypeet@asu.edu; fischer@mcs.anl.gov
OI Peet, Yulia/0000-0003-4072-1278
FU NSF RTG at Northwestern University [DMS-0636574]; SHARP project of the
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work has been initiated when Y.P. was an NSF RTG post-doctoral
fellow at the Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics
at Northwestern University. We acknowledge the financial support of the
NSF RTG grant DMS-0636574 at Northwestern University and the SHARP
project of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 55
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75015 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 0997-7538
EI 1873-7285
J9 EUR J MECH A-SOLID
JI Eur. J. Mech. A-Solids
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 44
BP 91
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2013.10.004
PG 13
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA AB2ZW
UT WOS:000331662100007
ER
PT J
AU Wu, WT
Aubry, N
Massoudi, M
Kim, J
Antaki, JF
AF Wu, Wei-Tao
Aubry, Nadine
Massoudi, Mehrdad
Kim, Jeongho
Antaki, James F.
TI A numerical study of blood flow using mixture theory
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Blood flow; Mixture theory; Two phase flow; Rheology; Channel flow;
Non-linear fluids
ID FLUID-SOLID MIXTURE; TUBE FLOW; PLATELET DEPOSITION;
BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; CONTINUUM-THEORIES;
SOFT-TISSUES; CELL-VOLUME; VISCOSITY; PLASMA
AB In this paper, we consider the two dimensional flow of blood in a rectangular microfluidic channel. We use Mixture Theory to treat this problem as a two-component system: One component is the red blood cells (RBCs) modeled as a generalized Reiner-Rivlin type fluid, which considers the effects of volume fraction (hematocrit) and influence of shear rate upon viscosity. The other component, plasma, is assumed to behave as a linear viscous fluid. A CFD solver based on OpenFOAM (R) was developed and employed to simulate a specific problem, namely blood flow in a two dimensional micro-channel, is studied. Finally to better understand this two-component flow system and the effects of the different parameters, the equations are made dimensionless and a parametric study is performed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wu, Wei-Tao] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Aubry, Nadine] Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Massoudi, Mehrdad] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Kim, Jeongho; Antaki, James F.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM Mehrdad.Massoudi@NETL.DOE.GOV
RI Antaki, James/S-3051-2016
OI Antaki, James/0000-0002-5430-7353
FU NIH [1 R01 HL089456]
FX This research was supported in part by NIH grant 1 R01 HL089456.
NR 86
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7225
EI 1879-2197
J9 INT J ENG SCI
JI Int. J. Eng. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 76
BP 56
EP 72
DI 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2013.12.001
PG 17
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering
GA AB3CU
UT WOS:000331669700006
PM 24791016
ER
PT J
AU Boyce, BL
AF Boyce, Brad L.
TI Preface to the Special Issue on the Sandia Fracture Challenge
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Boyce, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM blboyce@sandia.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-9429
EI 1573-2673
J9 INT J FRACTURE
JI Int. J. Fract.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1007/s10704-014-9929-5
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA AB2XB
UT WOS:000331654300001
ER
PT J
AU Boyce, BL
Kramer, SLB
Fang, HE
Cordova, TE
Neilsen, MK
Dion, K
Kaczmarowski, AK
Karasz, E
Xue, L
Gross, AJ
Ghahremaninezhad, A
Ravi-Chandar, K
Lin, SP
Chi, SW
Chen, JS
Yreux, E
Ruter, M
Qian, D
Zhou, Z
Bhamare, S
O'Connor, DT
Tang, S
Elkhodary, KI
Zhao, J
Hochhalter, JD
Cerrone, AR
Ingraffea, AR
Wawrzynek, PA
Carter, BJ
Emery, JM
Veilleux, MG
Yang, P
Gan, Y
Zhang, X
Chen, Z
Madenci, E
Kilic, B
Zhang, T
Fang, E
Liu, P
Lua, J
Nahshon, K
Miraglia, M
Cruce, J
DeFrese, R
Moyer, ET
Brinckmann, S
Quinkert, L
Pack, K
Luo, M
Wierzbicki, T
AF Boyce, B. L.
Kramer, S. L. B.
Fang, H. E.
Cordova, T. E.
Neilsen, M. K.
Dion, K.
Kaczmarowski, A. K.
Karasz, E.
Xue, L.
Gross, A. J.
Ghahremaninezhad, A.
Ravi-Chandar, K.
Lin, S. -P.
Chi, S. -W.
Chen, J. S.
Yreux, E.
Ruter, M.
Qian, D.
Zhou, Z.
Bhamare, S.
O'Connor, D. T.
Tang, S.
Elkhodary, K. I.
Zhao, J.
Hochhalter, J. D.
Cerrone, A. R.
Ingraffea, A. R.
Wawrzynek, P. A.
Carter, B. J.
Emery, J. M.
Veilleux, M. G.
Yang, P.
Gan, Y.
Zhang, X.
Chen, Z.
Madenci, E.
Kilic, B.
Zhang, T.
Fang, E.
Liu, P.
Lua, J.
Nahshon, K.
Miraglia, M.
Cruce, J.
DeFrese, R.
Moyer, E. T.
Brinckmann, S.
Quinkert, L.
Pack, K.
Luo, M.
Wierzbicki, T.
TI The Sandia Fracture Challenge: blind round robin predictions of ductile
tearing
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Fracture; Tearing; Deformation; Ductility; Failure; Damage; Crack
initiation
ID POLYCRYSTALLINE AL 6061-T6; KERNEL PARTICLE METHODS; FATIGUE-CRACK
GROWTH; LARGE-DEFORMATION; FAILURE BEHAVIOR; GURSON MODEL; SHEAR;
DAMAGE; PROPAGATION; PLASTICITY
AB Existing and emerging methods in computational mechanics are rarely validated against problems with an unknown outcome. For this reason, Sandia National Laboratories, in partnership with US National Science Foundation and Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division, launched a computational challenge in mid-summer, 2012. Researchers and engineers were invited to predict crack initiation and propagation in a simple but novel geometry fabricated from a common off-the-shelf commercial engineering alloy. The goal of this international Sandia Fracture Challenge was to benchmark the capabilities for the prediction of deformation and damage evolution associated with ductile tearing in structural metals, including physics models, computational methods, and numerical implementations currently available in the computational fracture community. Thirteen teams participated, reporting blind predictions for the outcome of the Challenge. The simulations and experiments were performed independently and kept confidential. The methods for fracture prediction taken by the thirteen teams ranged from very simple engineering calculations to complicated multiscale simulations. The wide variation in modeling results showed a striking lack of consistency across research groups in addressing problems of ductile fracture. While some methods were more successful than others, it is clear that the problem of ductile fracture prediction continues to be challenging. Specific areas of deficiency have been identified through this effort. Also, the effort has underscored the need for additional blind prediction-based assessments.
C1 [Boyce, B. L.; Kramer, S. L. B.; Fang, H. E.; Cordova, T. E.; Neilsen, M. K.; Dion, K.; Kaczmarowski, A. K.; Karasz, E.; Emery, J. M.; Veilleux, M. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Xue, L.] Schlumberger, Sugar Land, TX USA.
[Gross, A. J.; Ravi-Chandar, K.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Ghahremaninezhad, A.] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Lin, S. -P.; Chen, J. S.; Yreux, E.; Ruter, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Chi, S. -W.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
[Qian, D.; Zhou, Z.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dallas, TX 75230 USA.
[Bhamare, S.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[O'Connor, D. T.; Zhao, J.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA.
[Tang, S.] Chongqing Univ, Chongqing 630044, Peoples R China.
[Elkhodary, K. I.] Amer Univ Cairo, Dept Mech Engn, Cairo, Egypt.
[Hochhalter, J. D.] NASA Langley, Hampton, VA USA.
[Cerrone, A. R.; Ingraffea, A. R.; Wawrzynek, P. A.; Carter, B. J.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Yang, P.; Zhang, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Gan, Y.] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Z.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA.
[Chen, Z.] Dalian Univ Technol, Dalian, Peoples R China.
[Madenci, E.; Kilic, B.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Zhang, T.; Fang, E.; Liu, P.; Lua, J.] Global Engn & Mat Inc, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Nahshon, K.; Miraglia, M.; Cruce, J.; DeFrese, R.; Moyer, E. T.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr Carderock Div, Washington, DC USA.
[Brinckmann, S.] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, D-40074 Dusseldorf, Germany.
[Quinkert, L.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
[Pack, K.; Luo, M.; Wierzbicki, T.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Boyce, BL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM blboyce@sandia.gov
RI Xue, Liang/A-1266-2007; Qian, Dong/B-2326-2008; Luo, Meng/J-3829-2013;
Brinckmann, Steffen/G-7075-2011;
OI Xue, Liang/0000-0003-0468-0624; Qian, Dong/0000-0001-9367-0924;
Brinckmann, Steffen/0000-0003-0930-082X; Elkhodary,
Khalil/0000-0002-0249-5751; Emery, John /0000-0001-6671-4952
NR 71
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 58
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-9429
EI 1573-2673
J9 INT J FRACTURE
JI Int. J. Fract.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 5
EP 68
DI 10.1007/s10704-013-9904-6
PG 64
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA AB2XB
UT WOS:000331654300002
ER
PT J
AU Neilsen, MK
Dion, KN
Fang, HE
Kaczmarowski, AK
Karasz, E
AF Neilsen, Michael K.
Dion, Kristin N.
Fang, H. Eliot
Kaczmarowski, Amy K.
Karasz, Erin
TI Ductile tearing predictions with Wellman's failure model
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Ductile tearing; Metals; Plasticity; Damage; Constitutive model
AB Predictions for the Sandia National Laboratories fracture challenge (Boyce et al. in Int J Fract 2013) were generated using a transient dynamic finite element code with a multi-linear elastic plastic failure model developed by Wellman (Simple approach to modeling ductile failure. Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque 2012). This model is a conventional, rate independent, von Mises plasticity model for metals with user-prescribed hardening as a function of equivalent plastic strain. In addition to conventional plasticity, this model has empirical criteria for crack initiation and growth. Ductile tearing predictions generated with this model were found to be in good agreement with experimental measurements and observations.
C1 [Neilsen, Michael K.; Dion, Kristin N.; Fang, H. Eliot; Kaczmarowski, Amy K.; Karasz, Erin] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Neilsen, MK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM mkneils@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories
FX Reviews of this paper by two external reviewers, and internal reviewers,
Dr. E. Corona and Dr. J. Emery are gratefully acknowledged and improved
the quality of this paper. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Sandia National Laboratories support of this
work is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-9429
EI 1573-2673
J9 INT J FRACTURE
JI Int. J. Fract.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 107
EP 115
DI 10.1007/s10704-013-9913-5
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA AB2XB
UT WOS:000331654300005
ER
PT J
AU He, ZL
Xiong, JB
Kent, AD
Deng, Y
Xue, K
Wang, GJ
Wu, LY
Van Nostrand, JD
Zhou, JZ
AF He, Zhili
Xiong, Jinbo
Kent, Angela D.
Deng, Ye
Xue, Kai
Wang, Gejiao
Wu, Liyou
Van Nostrand, Joy D.
Zhou, Jizhong
TI Distinct responses of soil microbial communities to elevated CO2 and O-3
in a soybean agro-ecosystem
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE microbial responses/feedbacks; soil microbial community; elevated CO2;
elevated O-3; functional genes; soybean/SoyFACE; agro-ecosystem
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; FUNCTIONAL GENE MICROARRAYS; PLANT
DIVERSITY; NITROGEN TRANSFORMATIONS; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; FOREST
PRODUCTIVITY; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; TREMBLING ASPEN; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
WINTER-WHEAT
AB The concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and tropospheric ozone (O-3) have been rising due to human activities. However, little is known about how such increases influence soil microbial communities. We hypothesized that elevated CO2(eCO(2)) and elevated O-3 (eO(3)) would significantly affect the functional composition, structure and metabolic potential of soil microbial communities, and that various functional groups would respond to such atmospheric changes differentially. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed 96 soil samples from a soybean free-air CO2 enrichment (SoyFACE) experimental site using a comprehensive functional gene microarray (GeoChip 3.0). The results showed the overall functional composition and structure of soil microbial communities shifted under eCO(2), eO(3) or eCO(2)+eO(3). Key functional genes involved in carbon fixation and degradation, nitrogen fixation, denitrification and methane metabolism were stimulated under eCO(2), whereas those involved in N fixation, denitrification and N mineralization were suppressed under eO(3), resulting in the fact that the abundance of some eO(3)-supressed genes was promoted to ambient, or eCO(2)-induced levels by the interaction of eCO(2)+eO(3)ch effects appeared distinct for each treatment and significantly correlated with soil properties and soybean yield. Overall, our analysis suggests possible mechanisms of microbial responses to global atmospheric change factors through the stimulation of C and N cycling by eCO(2), the inhibition of N functional processes by eO(3) and the interaction by eCO(2) and eO(3). This study provides new insights into our understanding of microbial functional processes in response to global atmospheric change in soybean agro-ecosystems.
C1 [He, Zhili; Xiong, Jinbo; Deng, Ye; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[He, Zhili; Xiong, Jinbo; Deng, Ye; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xiong, Jinbo] Ningbo Univ, Fac Marine Sci, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Kent, Angela D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL USA.
[Wang, Gejiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP He, ZL (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, 101 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM zhili.he@ou.edu; jzhou@ou.edu
RI Van Nostrand, Joy/F-1740-2016;
OI Van Nostrand, Joy/0000-0001-9548-6450; Kent, Angela/0000-0003-1837-2382;
?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632
FU US Department of Agriculture [2007-35319-18305]; US Department of
Energy, Biological Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities
in Carbon Cycling Program [DE-SC0004601]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC0205CH11231]
FX Assistance with sample collection was provided by Ariane L Peralta,
Yu-rui Chang, Sara F Paver, Diana N Flanagan and Anthony C Yannarell. We
thank Lisa Ainsworth and Andrew Leakey for helpful comments on this
manuscript. This work is supported by the US Department of Agriculture
(Project 2007-35319-18305) through the NSF-USDA Microbial Observatories
Program, by the US Department of Energy, Biological Systems Research on
the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program
(DE-SC0004601). The GeoChips and associated computational pipelines used
in this study were supported by ENIGMA-Ecosystems and Networks
Integrated with Genes and Molecular Assemblies through the Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the US
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC0205CH11231.
NR 81
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 7
U2 129
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7362
EI 1751-7370
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 3
BP 714
EP 726
DI 10.1038/ismej.2013.177
PG 13
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA AB6EH
UT WOS:000331879900019
PM 24108327
ER
PT J
AU Turchi, PEA
Soderlind, P
Landa, AI
AF Turchi, P. E. A.
Soederlind, P.
Landa, A. I.
TI From Electronic Structure to Thermodynamics of Actinide-Based Alloys
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; U-ZR SYSTEMS; 5F ELECTRONS;
THERMO-CALC; DELTA-PU; METALS; TRANSITION; PLUTONIUM; SIMULATION;
ELEMENTS
AB In this brief review, we show that thermodynamic modeling of complex multicomponent actinide-based alloys is crucial for fuel development and for predicting the impact of evolving fuel chemistry with time on materials performance. With input from energetics and equilibrium properties of alloys from ab initio electronic-structure calculations, within the framework of density-functional theory, the CALPHAD methodology is a viable approach to thermodynamic assessment for this class of materials. Despite the limited availability of experimental thermodynamic data, this approach can predict important features in the phase diagram and, perhaps more importantly, guide and motivate further experiments for validating the methodology and the data for subsequent modeling of materials performance on a higher level.
C1 [Turchi, P. E. A.; Soederlind, P.; Landa, A. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Turchi, PEA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 East Ave,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM turchi1@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program [12-SI-008]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work at the LLNL was funded by the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development Program under project tracking code
12-SI-008. P. T. gratefully acknowledges useful discussions with Alexey
Savchenko from the A. A. Bochvar All Russia Institute of Inorganic
Materials (Moscow, Russia).
NR 98
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 3
BP 375
EP 388
DI 10.1007/s11837-014-0882-6
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AB9BM
UT WOS:000332084100003
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, JA
Sabau, AS
Zaeem, MA
Tschopp, MA
Spearot, DE
AF Zimmerman, Jonathan A.
Sabau, Adrian S.
Zaeem, Mohsen Asle
Tschopp, Mark A.
Spearot, Douglas E.
TI Algorithm Development in Computational Materials Science
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Zimmerman, Jonathan A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Sabau, Adrian S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zaeem, Mohsen Asle] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Tschopp, Mark A.] US Army Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Sci Div, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Spearot, Douglas E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Zimmerman, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM jzimmer@sandia.gov
RI Sabau, Adrian/B-9571-2008; Tschopp, Mark/B-1594-2008
OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474; Tschopp, Mark/0000-0001-8471-5035
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 3
BP 397
EP 398
DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0846-2
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AB9BM
UT WOS:000332084100005
ER
PT J
AU Lebensohn, RA
Pokharel, R
AF Lebensohn, Ricardo A.
Pokharel, Reeju
TI Interpretation of Microstructural Effects on Porosity Evolution Using a
Combined Dilatational/Crystal Plasticity Computational Approach
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; NUMERICAL-METHOD; POLYCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES; STRAIN;
VOIDS; DEFORMATION; GROWTH; SOLIDS
AB A novel formulation based on fast Fourier transforms for the prediction of ductile damage of polycrystalline materials that combines crystal plasticity and dilatational plasticity is reviewed and applied to understand the microstructural origin of available experimental evidence of porosity evolution in incipiently spalled Cu polycrystals. The influence of the Taylor factor of the crystalline ligaments linking interacting voids and the microstructural origin of a nonmonotonic grain-size dependence on porosity evolution is investigated and rationalized by means of numerical simulations using the new model.
C1 [Lebensohn, Ricardo A.; Pokharel, Reeju] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Lebensohn, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM lebenso@lanl.gov
RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008
OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105
FU LANL's Laboratory-Directed Research and Development-Directed Research
(LDRD-DR) [20140114DR]; ASC Science-Based Validation and Verification
Programs
FX This work was supported by LANL's Laboratory-Directed Research and
Development-Directed Research (LDRD-DR, Project 20140114DR) and ASC
Science-Based Validation and Verification Programs.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 3
BP 437
EP 443
DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0849-z
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AB9BM
UT WOS:000332084100010
ER
PT J
AU Li, DS
AF Li, Dongsheng
TI Review of Structure Representation and Reconstruction on Mesoscale and
Microscale
SO JOM
LA English
DT Review
ID STOCHASTIC RECONSTRUCTION; POROUS-MEDIA; MICROSTRUCTURE RECONSTRUCTIONS;
3-DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERIZATION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; HETEROGENEOUS
MATERIALS; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; 2-POINT STATISTICS; FOURIER-TRANSFORMS;
3D RECONSTRUCTION
AB Structure representation and reconstruction at both the mesoscale and microscale are critical in materials design, advanced manufacturing, and multiscale modeling. Structure reconstruction has been applied in different areas of materials science and technology, structural materials, energy materials, geology, hydrology, etc. This review summarizes the descriptors and formulations used to represent structures at the microscale and mesoscale, as well as reconstruction algorithms. In stochastic methods using correlation function, different optimization approaches have been adapted for objective function minimization. A variety of reconstruction approaches is compared for efficiency and accuracy.
C1 [Li, Dongsheng] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Li, Dongsheng] Pratt & Whitney, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
RP Li, DS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM dongshengli@gmail.com
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The author acknowledges support from the Laboratory Directed Research
and Development-funded Chemical Imaging Initiative at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the U.S.
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 73
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 3
BP 444
EP 454
DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0848-0
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AB9BM
UT WOS:000332084100011
ER
PT J
AU Wiersma, BJ
AF Wiersma, Bruce J.
TI The Performance of Underground Radioactive Waste Storage Tanks at the
Savannah River Site: A 60-Year Historical Perspective
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
AB The Savannah River Site produced weapons-grade materials for nearly 35 years between 1953 and 1988. The legacy of this production is nearly 37 million gallons of radioactive waste. Since the 1950s, the liquid waste has been stored in large, underground carbon steel waste tanks. During the past 20 years, the site has begun to process the waste so that it may be stored in vitrified and grout forms, which are more suitable for long-term storage. Over the history of the site, some tanks have experienced leakage of the waste to the secondary containment. This article is a review of the instances of leakage and corrosion degradation that the tanks and associated equipment have experienced since the first tanks were built. Furthermore, the activities that the site has taken to mitigate the degradation and manage the service life of the tank for its anticipated lifetime are reviewed.
C1 Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Wiersma, BJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Bldg 773-A,Rm D-1125, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM bruce.wiersma@srnl.doe.gov
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 3
BP 471
EP 502
DI 10.1007/s11837-014-0870-x
PG 32
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AB9BM
UT WOS:000332084100014
ER
PT J
AU Blakely, CK
Davis, JD
Bruno, SR
Kraemer, SK
Zhu, MZ
Ke, XL
Bi, WL
Alp, EE
Poltavets, VV
AF Blakely, Colin K.
Davis, Joshua D.
Bruno, Shaun R.
Kraemer, Shannon K.
Zhu, Mengze
Ke, Xianglin
Bi, Wenli
Alp, E. Ercan
Poltavets, Viktor V.
TI Multistep synthesis of the SrFeO2F perovskite oxyfluoride via the SrFeO2
infinite-layer intermediate
SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE SrFeO2F; Oxyfluoride; Multistep synthesis; Soft chemistry; SrFeO2;
Topotactic chemistry
ID INORGANIC OXIDE FLUORIDES; TOPOTACTIC ROUTE; MANIPULATION; FLUORINATION;
STRATEGIES; INSERTION; CA
AB The SrFeO2F oxyfluoride was prepared through a low temperature, multistep synthetic route starting with the SrFe03, perovskite via the SrFeO2 infinite layer intermediate phase. In the final step SrFeO2F was formed by reacting SrFeO2 with XeF2 at 150 degrees C. In spite of utilizing an intermediate with layered ordering of oxygen vacancies, disordered SrFeO2F was synthesized. Rietveld refinement of synchrotron powder diffraction data did not reveal any signs of tetragonal distortion predicted by DFT calculations for SrFeO2F with layered O/F ordering. Significantly, the magnetic properties observed are drastically different from those reported earlier in the literature indicating that the properties of O/F disordered phases depend on the degree of short range ordering. Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements revealed the predominance of cis fluorine configuration in SrFeO2 polyhedra, confirming a difference in local Fe coordination in comparison with O/F disordered SrFeO2F. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Blakely, Colin K.; Davis, Joshua D.; Bruno, Shaun R.; Kraemer, Shannon K.; Poltavets, Viktor V.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Zhu, Mengze; Ke, Xianglin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Bi, Wenli; Alp, E. Ercan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Bi, Wenli] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Poltavets, VV (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM poltavets@chemistry.msu.edu
OI Poltavets, Viktor/0000-0001-5086-7743
FU National Science Foundation [DMR- 1206718]; U. S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-06CH11357];
COMPRES (the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth
Sciences)
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant
DMR- 1206718. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National
Laboratory was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-ACO2-06CH11357. The Mossbauer lab at the Advanced Photon Source is
partially supported by COMPRES (the Consortium for Materials Properties
Research in Earth Sciences).
NR 38
TC 11
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U1 3
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0022-1139
EI 1873-3328
J9 J FLUORINE CHEM
JI J. Fluor. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 159
BP 8
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.12.007
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA AB9UT
UT WOS:000332141900002
ER
PT J
AU Palaia, JM
McConnell, M
Achenbach, JE
Gustafson, CE
Stoermer, KA
Nolan, M
Guay, LA
Leitner, TK
Matovu, F
Taylor, AW
Fowler, MG
Janoff, EN
AF Palaia, Jana M.
McConnell, Michelle
Achenbach, Jenna E.
Gustafson, Claire E.
Stoermer, Kristina A.
Nolan, Monica
Guay, Laura A.
Leitner, Thomas K.
Matovu, Flavia
Taylor, Allan W.
Fowler, Mary Glenn
Janoff, Edward N.
TI Neutralization of HIV subtypes A and D by breast milk IgG from women
with HIV infection in Uganda
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Breast milk; HIV; Neutralization; IgG,IgA; Uganda; Subtype A; Subtype D;
Mucosal immunity
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LACTATING RHESUS-MONKEYS; CELL-FREE HIV;
MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; SECRETORY IGA;
TRANSMISSION; RESPONSES; INFANT; TRANSCYTOSIS
AB Objectives: Among HIV-exposed infants in resource-limited countries, 8e12% are infected postnatally by breastfeeding. However, most of those uninfected at birth remain uninfected over time despite daily exposure to HIV in breast milk. Thus, we assessed the HIVinhibitory activity of breast milk.
Methods: We measured cross-clade neutralization in activated PBMC of Ugandan subtype A (92UG031) and D (92UG005) primary HIV by breast milk or purified milk IgG and IgA from 25 HIV-infected Ugandan women. Isotype-specific antigen recognition was resolved by immunoblot. We determined HIV subtype from envelope population sequences in cells from 13 milk samples by PCR.
Results: Milk inhibited p24 production by >= 50% (dose-dependent) by subtype A (21/25; 84%) and subtype D (11/25; 44%). IgG consistently reacted with multiple HIV antigens, including gp120/gp41, but IgA primarily recognized p24 alone. Depletion of IgG (n Z 5), not IgA, diminished neutralization (mean 78 +/- 33%) that was largely restored by IgG repletion. Mothers infected with subtype A more effectively neutralized subtype A than D.
Conclusions: Breast milk from HIV-infected women showed homotypic and cross-subtype neutralization of HIV by IgG-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These data direct further investigations into mechanisms of resistance against postnatal transmission of HIV to infants from their mothers. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association.
C1 [Palaia, Jana M.; Achenbach, Jenna E.; Gustafson, Claire E.; Stoermer, Kristina A.; Janoff, Edward N.] Univ Colorado, MAVRC, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
[Palaia, Jana M.; Gustafson, Claire E.; Janoff, Edward N.] Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA.
[McConnell, Michelle; Nolan, Monica; Taylor, Allan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Guay, Laura A.; Matovu, Flavia; Fowler, Mary Glenn] Johns Hopkins Univ, Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda.
[Leitner, Thomas K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Janoff, EN (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, MAVRC, Box B-168,12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
EM Edward.Janoff@ucdenver.edu
FU NIH [R01-HD059527, R01-AI41361, R01 AI097265]; United States Centers for
Disease Control; Elisabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF)
[MV00- 9-900-01432-0-00]; University of Colorado Denver's Office of
Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Grant; Mucosal and Vaccine
Research Colorado Program (MAVRC); University of Colorado Cancer Center
DNA Sequencing and Analysis Core [P30 CA046934]
FX This work supported by NIH R01-HD059527, R01-AI41361, R01 AI097265, the
United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC; " Pathobiology of Breast
Milk among HIV-1 infected Ugandan women receiving intrapartum
nevirapine" study), the Elisabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
(EGPAF) MV00- 9-900-01432-0-00, University of Colorado Denver's Office
of Interdisciplinary Women's Health Research Grant, the Mucosal and
Vaccine Research Colorado Program (MAVRC) and the University of Colorado
Cancer Center DNA Sequencing and Analysis Core (Grant # P30 CA046934).
The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the views of the United States Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank Jacinta Cooper for
technical support and advice and the women in Kampala, Uganda for their
participation.
NR 52
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U1 1
U2 3
PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD
PI LONDON
PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND
SN 0163-4453
EI 1532-2742
J9 J INFECTION
JI J. Infect.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 68
IS 3
BP 264
EP 272
DI 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.11.002
PG 9
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA AB3TC
UT WOS:000331712100008
PM 24239588
ER
PT J
AU Oliveira, L
Hitchcock, D
Behlow, H
Podila, R
Skove, MJ
Serkiz, SM
Rao, AM
AF Oliveira, L.
Hitchcock, D.
Behlow, H.
Podila, R.
Skove, M. J.
Serkiz, S. M.
Rao, A. M.
TI Second- and Third-Order Elastic Constants of Filaments of HexTow((R))
IM7 Carbon Fiber
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon fibers; high-order elastic constant; nonlinear mechanical
behavior
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMBINATIONS; RESISTANCE; FIBRES; STABILIZATION;
COMPOSITES; STRAIN
AB Single filaments of HexTow(A (R)) IM7-12K carbon fiber were subjected to tensile measurements on a device which applies a known stress sigma, and measures the resulting strain epsilon, and the change in resistivity Delta rho. Young's modulus E, the resistivity rho, the piezoresistivity Delta rho/rho epsilon, and the nonlinearity in the stress-strain relation delta, were determined to be 264.1 +/- A 16.0 GPa, 1.5 +/- A 0.1 x 10(-3) Omega cm, 1.3 +/- A 0.1, and -4.96 +/- A 0.23, respectively. The values obtained for Young's modulus and the resistivity of the fiber are in reasonable agreement with the values reported by the manufacturer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a measurement of a third-order elastic constant of a single filament of HexTow(A (R)) IM7-12K. Given the high elastic strains attainable in these fibers and the negative value of delta, the usual calculation of E from a linear fit to the stress-strain data leads to an incorrect higher value of E. According to the accepted thermodynamic definition of the elastic constants, one must use the initial slope of the stress-strain curve to evaluate E. We also observed that the glue used to secure the fiber has an influence on the apparent modulus of the fiber.
C1 [Oliveira, L.] Clemson Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Hitchcock, D.; Behlow, H.; Podila, R.; Skove, M. J.; Rao, A. M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Serkiz, S. M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Natl & Homeland Secur Directorate, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Skove, MJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, COMSET, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM mskove@g.clemson.edu; arao@clemson.edu
OI Podila, Ramakrishna/0000-0003-0472-2361
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 3
BP 685
EP 692
DI 10.1007/s11665-013-0826-2
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AB2ZA
UT WOS:000331659700001
ER
PT J
AU Kafka, OL
Ingraham, MD
Morrison, DJ
Issen, KA
AF Kafka, O. L.
Ingraham, M. D.
Morrison, D. J.
Issen, K. A.
TI Characterization of Fatigue Fractures in Closed-Cell Aluminum Foam Using
x-ray Micro-Computed Tomography
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; cellular material; failure analysis; fatigue;
three-dimensional tomography
ID DEFORMATION
AB A post-mortem study of Alporas closed-cell aluminum foam specimens previously failed under strain-controlled fully reversed tension-compression fatigue was conducted using x-ray micro-computed tomography (mu CT). Volumetric renders of the 3D structure of the material were produced. Fractures were identified and marked throughout voxel-based images of the specimens. This produced a 3D plot of fracture locations. At high strain amplitudes (0.175-0.5%), fractures formed an interconnected planar zone oriented approximately perpendicular to the loading axis; typically, the angle of the plane differed from that of a tension failure. Conversely, at low strain amplitudes (0.05-0.1%), short fractures have been formed diffusely within the specimen. In both cases, observed fractures were tortuous. Our previous work with surface strain mapping via digital image correlation (DIC) suggested that for all strain amplitudes, a crack, evidenced by a zone of high extensile strain, was formed and propagated through the material. This result was confirmed at high strain amplitudes, but not at low strain amplitudes. The discrepancy is attributed to three potential causes. Using DIC, short cracks cannot be accurately resolved with relatively coarse light intensity patterns. DIC images indicate fractures under load, while mu CT imaging was conducted under zero load. Finally, the localized extension seen in DIC images could be attributed to strain with no resultant fractures.
C1 [Kafka, O. L.; Ingraham, M. D.; Morrison, D. J.; Issen, K. A.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
[Ingraham, M. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kafka, OL (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
EM kafkaol@clarkson.edu; issenka@clarkson.edu
OI Ingraham, Mathew/0000-0001-9149-0460
FU National Science Foundation [CMS-9512140, CMMI-0923123, CMS-0422045]
FX Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation for
mechanical testing facilities (award CMS-9512140), micro-computed
tomography instrument (award CMMI-0923123), and materials (award
CMS-0422045).
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 3
BP 759
EP 765
DI 10.1007/s11665-013-0850-2
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AB2ZA
UT WOS:000331659700010
ER
PT J
AU Robles-Aguila, MJ
Perez, KS
Stojanoff, V
Juarez-Santiesteban, H
Silva-Gonzalez, R
Moreno, A
AF Robles-Aguila, M. J.
Perez, K. S.
Stojanoff, V.
Juarez-Santiesteban, H.
Silva-Gonzalez, R.
Moreno, A.
TI Design of molecular devices based on metalloproteins: a new approach
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; POROUS SILICON; CYTOCHROME-C; THIN-FILMS;
SURFACE; AZURIN; ELLIPSOMETRY; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; IMMOBILIZATION; CELLS
AB In this study, cytochrome c and azurin proteins were immobilized onto a porous silicon (PS) surface using the self-assembly technique. The heterostructures were maintained at ambient conditions for several days. Experimental results showed long term stability of proteins in solid state working as electron-transfer devices. Atomic force microscopy showed similar roughness of the surface for both protein heterostructures (14.5 and 11.3 nm, respectively) and globular morphology. Analysis of samples, using scanning electron microscopy, revealed a porous surface of 20-24 nm, whereas cross-section indicated a thickness between 3.6 and 3.8 mu m. The fluorescence peak at room temperature, corresponding to blue emission, was observed at 362-550 nm. This is due to the quantum confinement effect through the silicon. Raman measurement showed one Raman's peak, confirming that the prepared sample retained the crystallinity of bulk silicon; immobilization of proteins produced loss of crystallinity. Reflection spectra revealed the PS, changes in the refractive index profile at the interface of the PS, and the modified surface.
C1 [Robles-Aguila, M. J.; Moreno, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Quim, CU, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Perez, K. S.; Silva-Gonzalez, R.] Benemerita Univ Auto noma Puebla, Inst Fis, Puebla 72570, Pue, Mexico.
[Stojanoff, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Juarez-Santiesteban, H.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, CIDS ICUAP, Puebla 72570, Pue, Mexico.
RP Moreno, A (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Quim, CU, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
EM carcamo@unam.mx
FU Mexican Softmater Network (CONACyT); CONACYT [175924, 163153,
MOD-ORD-14-11 PCI-648-0312]; DOE [GM-0080, DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX M.J. R-Athanks for the support and sponsorship as a postdosctoral given
by the Mexican Softmater Network (CONACyT). The kind assistance or Dr.
A. Mendez-Blas (Laboratory Electrochemical Process) and M.C Laura
Serrano (Central Laboratory IFUAP) is higly appreciated. The authors A.
M. and R. S. G. gratefully acknowledge financial support from CONACYT
Projects Nos. 175924 and 163153, respectively. Preliminary X-ray
diffraction experiments were carried out at the National Synchrotron
Light Source supported by the NIGMS and DOE under contracts GM-0080 and
DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors acknowledge the TXM picture carried out
at the National Synchrotron Light Source by Yu-Chen Karen Chen-Wiegert
performed on beamline X8C, Brookhaven National Laboratory. The support
from CONACYT MOD-ORD-14-11 PCI-648-0312 is also appreciated.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4522
EI 1573-482X
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 3
BP 1354
EP 1360
DI 10.1007/s10854-014-1734-4
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA AB4EV
UT WOS:000331743200034
ER
PT J
AU Ozga, K
Fedorchuk, AO
Lakshminarayana, G
AF Ozga, K.
Fedorchuk, A. O.
Lakshminarayana, G.
TI Light operated electrooptical materials based on the
[(C2H5)(3)NH](2)CuCl4/polymer nanocomposites
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; TEMPERATURE PHASE; DERIVATIVES; SUSCEPTIBILITIES;
CRYSTALS; COMPLEX
AB In this work, we proposed a new type of nanocomposite materials which possess a possibility to be operated with respect to the electrooptical coefficients at 633 nm wavelength. The material is a [(C2H5)(3)NH](2)CuCl4/PMMA polymethylmethacrylate polymer nanocomposite. The operation is performed by external laser light at varied temperatures. The second harmonic generation of the Nd:YAG 532 nm pulsed laser with pulse duration 10 ns was used as a source of the photo-induced changes. At temperature about 320 K an enhancement of corresponding electrooptical response was observed. The effect was sensitive to the size of the corresponding nanocrystallites and the crystallite size was within the range 30-320 nm. The optimal content of the nanocrystallites is 12 % in weighting units.
C1 [Ozga, K.] Czestochowa Tech Univ, Fac Elect Engn, PL-42200 Czestochowa, Poland.
[Fedorchuk, A. O.] Lviv Natl Univ Vet Med & Biotechnol, Dept Inorgan & Organ Chem, UA-79010 Lvov, Ukraine.
[Fedorchuk, A. O.] Ukrainian Acad Sci, Dept Physicochem Combustible Minerals, UA-79053 Lvov, Ukraine.
[Lakshminarayana, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Fedorchuk, AO (reprint author), Lviv Natl Univ Vet Med & Biotechnol, Dept Inorgan & Organ Chem, Pekarska St 50, UA-79010 Lvov, Ukraine.
EM ft.1958@yahoo.co.uk
FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education [IP2011 039671]
FX This work was performed within a framework of National Grant and the
authors wish to thank the Ministry of Science and Higher Education
(Grants No. IP2011 039671) for financial support.
NR 24
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Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4522
EI 1573-482X
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 3
BP 1460
EP 1465
DI 10.1007/s10854-014-1752-2
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA AB4EV
UT WOS:000331743200051
ER
PT J
AU Kim, DH
Tamada, Y
Ono, T
Bader, SD
Rozhkova, EA
Novosad, V
AF Kim, Dong-Hyun
Tamada, Yoshinori
Ono, Teruo
Bader, Samuel D.
Rozhkova, Elena A.
Novosad, Valentyn
TI The Effect of Ligands on FePt-Fe3O4 Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetic Nanoparticles; Surface Functionalization;
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid (DOPAC); Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA);
FePt; Fe3O4
ID OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; FEPT NANOPARTICLES; CONTRAST AGENTS; MRI CONTRAST;
DELIVERY; HYPERTHERMIA; SIZE
AB FePt-Fe3O4 core-shell nanoparticles functionalized with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) ligands were synthesized and characterized. We found that the DOPAC ligand enhances the magnetic properties of the FePt-Fe3O4 particles, in comparison with the DMSA ligand, which induces the oxidation of the shell layer that causes a significant reduction of the saturation magnetization. The synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were evaluated for applications in magnetic hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement.
C1 [Kim, Dong-Hyun; Bader, Samuel D.; Novosad, Valentyn] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Tamada, Yoshinori; Ono, Teruo] Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Uji 6110011, Japan.
[Bader, Samuel D.; Rozhkova, Elena A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Rozhkova, EA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015;
OI Kim, Dong-Hyun/0000-0001-6815-3319
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The submitted manuscript
has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National
Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The U. S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its
behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said
article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the
public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of
the Government.
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 31
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 1533-4880
EI 1533-4899
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 3
BP 2648
EP 2652
DI 10.1166/jnn.2014.8471
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AB2LR
UT WOS:000331624700075
PM 24745278
ER
PT J
AU Ramanathan, M
Kilbey, SM
Darling, SB
AF Ramanathan, Muruganathan
Kilbey, S. Michael, II
Darling, Seth B.
TI Process-Controlled Multiscale Morphologies in Metal-Containing Block
Copolymer Thin Films
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Block Copolymer; Self-Assembly; Hybrid Annealing; Metal-Containing
Polymer
ID SEQUENTIAL INFILTRATION SYNTHESIS; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; LITHOGRAPHY;
FABRICATION; TEMPLATES; DOMAINS; ARRAYS; ROUTE
AB Poly(styrene-block-ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PS-b-PFS) is a metal-containing block copolymer that exhibits certain advantages as a scaffold for nanoporous membranes and as a mask for lithographic applications. These advantages include compatibility with a wide range of substrates, ease of control over domain morphologies and remarkable stability, which aid in the development of robust nanoporous networks or high-aspect-ratio patterns. An asymmetric cylinder-forming PS-b-PFS copolymer is subjected to different processing to manipulate the morphology of the phase-separated domains. Control of film structure and domain morphology is achieved by adjusting the film thickness, mode of annealing, and/or annealing time. Changing the process from thermal or solvent annealing to hybrid annealing (thermal and then solvent annealing in sequence) leads to the formation of mesoscale spherulitic and dendritic morphologies. In this communication, we show that reversing the order of the hybrid annealing (solvent annealing first and then thermal annealing) of relatively thick films (> 100 nm) on homogeneously thick substrates develops a discontinuous lamellar structure. Furthermore, the same processing applied on a substrate with a thin, mechanically flexible window in the center leads to the formation of sub-micron scale concentric ring patterns. Enhanced material mobility in the thick film during hybrid annealing along with dynamic rippling effects that may arise from the vibration of the thin window during spin casting are likely causes for these morphologies.
C1 [Ramanathan, Muruganathan; Kilbey, S. Michael, II] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kilbey, S. Michael, II] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Darling, Seth B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Darling, Seth B.] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Ramanathan, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
FU Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Partial support from the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which
is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy is greatly acknowledged. This work was performed in part at the
Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under Contract
No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 40
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U1 2
U2 26
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 1533-4880
EI 1533-4899
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 3
BP 2653
EP 2657
DI 10.1166/jnn.2014.8481
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AB2LR
UT WOS:000331624700076
PM 24745279
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, H
Wang, JAJ
AF Jiang, Hao
Wang, Jy-An John
TI Methodology for mechanical property testing of fuel cladding using an
expanding plug wedge test
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
AB An analysis is presented to determine the stress-strain response of ring-shaped test specimen subjected to internal pressurization using a radially expanding plug. Previous work has been reviewed using this test method to determine the residual ductility of irradiated nuclear fuel cladding and highlight the role of several parameters on the distribution of stresses and the mode of failure. It is shown that bulging effect, which had previously not been accounted for, has a significant effect on the distribution of stresses and mode of failure. The new analysis provides guidelines for optimizing specimen geometry and loading conditions and a means for determining the hoop stress sigma(0) in the ring-shaped test specimen using a scaling factor, chi-factor, to convert the ring load F-ring into hoop stress sigma(0), and is written as sigma(0) = chi F-ring/tl, where t is the clad thickness and l is the clad length. The predicted stress-strain curves were found to agree well with experimental results for alloy Zr-4 over 10% strain. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jiang, Hao; Wang, Jy-An John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wang, JAJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM wangja@ornl.gov
OI Wang, Jy-An/0000-0003-2402-3832
FU Fuel Qualification Program of the US Department of Energy; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC
FX This research was sponsored by the Fuel Qualification Program of the US
Department of Energy and was carried out at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 27
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.026
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400004
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, AE
Meredig, B
Stan, M
Wolverton, C
AF Thompson, Alexander E.
Meredig, Bryce
Stan, Marius
Wolverton, C.
TI Interatomic potential for accurate phonons and defects in UO2
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE
BASIS-SET; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES;
THERMAL-PROPERTIES; NUCLEAR-FUELS; DIFFUSION; LATTICE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES
AB We have developed an improved uranium dioxide interatomic potential by fitting to forces, energies, and stresses of first principles molecular dynamics calculations via a genetic algorithm approach called Iterative Potential Refinement (IPR). We compare the defect energetics and vibrational properties of the IPR-fit potential with other interatomic potentials, density functional theory calculations, and experimental phonon dispersions. We find that among previously published potentials examined, there is no potential that simultaneously yields accurate defect energetics and accurate vibrational properties. In contrast, our IPR-fit potential produces both accurate defects and the best agreement with the experimental phonon dispersion and phonon density of states. This combination of accurate properties makes this IPR-fit potential useful for simulating UO2 in high temperature, defect-rich environments typical for nuclear fuel. Additionally, we verify that density functional theory with a Hubbard U correction accurately reproduces the experimentally derived UO2 phonon density of states. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Thompson, Alexander E.; Meredig, Bryce; Wolverton, C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Stan, Marius] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wolverton, C (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM c-wolverton@northwestern.edu
RI Wolverton, Christopher/B-7542-2009
NR 61
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U1 3
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 155
EP 162
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.040
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400021
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, HY
Weber, WJ
Zhang, Y
AF Xiao, H. Y.
Weber, W. J.
Zhang, Y.
TI First-principles study of the stability and migration of Kr, I and Xe in
ZrO2
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID URANIUM-DIOXIDE; DIFFUSION; ZIRCONIA; ADSORPTION; BEHAVIOR; CESIUM;
BULK; TEMPERATURE; RH(111); SURFACE
AB The stability and migration of Kr, I and Xe in bulk ZrO2 and on the ZrO2 (111) surface have been studied by standard density functional theory (DFT) and the DFT-D2 method that corrects for the van der Waals interaction. Both methods show that Kr and Xe prefer to incorporate in the bulk phase rather than adsorb on the surface, and Xe is very mobile in the bulk state. For Kr and Xe adsorption on the surface, van der Waals interaction dominates, causing the weak interaction between the adsorbate and substrate. Iodine is found to have comparable stability in both phases and forms < I-O > bonds with strong covalency. It exhibits higher mobility on the surface than in the bulk ZrO2, and diffusion from bulk-like state to surface state is an exothermic process. The fission product behavior in ZrO2 is shown to be a complicated synergetic effect of fission product atomic size, electron negativity, occupation site and phase structure of the host. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xiao, H. Y.; Weber, W. J.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Weber, W. J.; Zhang, Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Xiao, HY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM hxiao@utk.edu
RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365
FU DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs
FX This research is being performed using funding received from the DOE
Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs. The
theoretical calculations were performed using the supercomputer
resources at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory located at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the National Energy Research
Scientific Computing Center located at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory.
NR 37
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U1 2
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 172
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.044
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400023
ER
PT J
AU van Rooyen, IJ
Lillo, TM
Wu, YQ
AF van Rooyen, I. J.
Lillo, T. M.
Wu, Y. Q.
TI Identification of silver and palladium in irradiated TRISO coated
particles of the AGR-1 experiment
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; FUEL-PARTICLES; DIFFUSION; BEHAVIOR; RELEASE
AB Evidence of the release of certain metallic fission products through intact tristructural isotropic (TRISO) particles has been seen for decades around the world, as well as in the recent AGR-1 experiment at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). However, understanding the basic mechanism of transport is still lacking. This understanding is important because the TRISO coating is part of the high temperature gas-cooled reactor functional containment and critical for the safety strategy for licensing purposes.
Our approach to identify fission products in irradiated AGR-1 TRISO fuel using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtered TEM (EFTEM), has led to first-of-a-kind data at the nano-scale indicating the presence of silver at triple-points and grain boundaries of the SiC layer in the TRISO particle. Cadmium was also found in the triple junctions. In this initial study, the silver was only identified in SiC grain boundaries and triple points on the edge of the SiC-IPyC interface up to a depth of approximately 0.5 mu m.
Palladium was identified as the main constituent of micron-sized precipitates present at the SiC grain boundaries. Additionally spherical nano-sized palladium rich precipitates were found inside the SiC grains. No silver was found in the center of the micron-sized fission product precipitates using these techniques, although silver was found on the outer edge of one of the Pd-U-Si containing precipitates which was facing the IPyC layer. Only Pd-U containing precipitates were identified in the IPyC layer and no silver was identified in the IPyC layer.
The identification of silver alongside the SiC grain boundaries and the findings of Pd inside the SiC grains and alongside SiC grain boundaries provide important information needed to understand silver and palladium transport in TRISO fuel, which has been the topic of international research for the past forty years. The findings reported in this paper may support the postulations of recent research that Ag transport may be driven by grain boundary diffusion. However, more work is needed to fully understand the transport mechanisms. Additionally, the usefulness of the advanced electron microscopic techniques for TRISO coated particle research is demonstrated in this paper. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [van Rooyen, I. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Lillo, T. M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Wu, Y. Q.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Wu, Y. Q.] Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA.
RP van Rooyen, IJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Isabella.vanRooyen@inl.gov
RI Lilllo, Thomas/S-5031-2016
OI Lilllo, Thomas/0000-0002-7572-7883
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho
Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. James Madden is acknowledged for the FIB sample
preparation. David Petti, James Cole and Paul Demkowicz are thanked for
the review of this document.
NR 19
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 178
EP 186
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.028
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400024
ER
PT J
AU Gussev, MN
Field, KG
Busby, JT
AF Gussev, M. N.
Field, K. G.
Busby, J. T.
TI Strain-induced phase transformation at the surface of an AISI-304
stainless steel irradiated to 4.4 dpa and deformed to 0.8% strain
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; INDUCED MARTENSITE; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES;
DEFORMATION; EVOLUTION; TEM
AB Surface relief due to localized deformation in a 4.4-dpa neutron-irradiated AISI 304 stainless steel was investigated using scanning electron microscopy coupled with electron backscattering diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. It was found a body-centered-cubic (BCC) phase (deformation-induced martensite) had formed at the surface of the deformed specimen along the steps generated from dislocation channels. Martensitic hill-like formations with widths of similar to 1 mu m and depths of several microns were observed at channels with heights greater than similar to 150 nm above the original surface. Martensite at dislocation channels was observed in grains along the [001]-[111] orientation but not in those along the [101] orientation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gussev, M. N.; Field, K. G.; Busby, J. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Gussev, MN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS-6151, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gussevmn@ornl.gov
RI Field, Kevin/K-1942-2013
OI Field, Kevin/0000-0002-3105-076X
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, for the Light Water
Reactor Sustainability Research and Development Effort; ORNL's Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Energy, for the Light Water Reactor Sustainability Research and
Development Effort, and through a user project supported by ORNL's
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored by
the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors would like to thank Dr.
G.S. Was and K.J. Stephenson (University of Michigan) for help with
laser confocal measurements, Dr. C.M. Parish (ORNL) for the fruitful
discussion of EBSD results, and D.P. Stevens (ORNL) for valuable help
with manuscript preparation.; This manuscript has been authored by the
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle LLC under Contract
No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S.
Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for
publication,. acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a
nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do
so, for U.S. Government purposes.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 187
EP 192
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.11.041
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400025
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, GQ
Xu, P
Sridharan, K
Allen, T
AF Zheng, Guiqiu
Xu, Peng
Sridharan, Kumar
Allen, Todd
TI Characterization of structural defects in nuclear graphite IG-110 and
NBG-18
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; GRADE GRAPHITE; MICROSTRUCTURAL
CHARACTERIZATION; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; PORE STRUCTURE; DAMAGE;
OXIDATION; DISORDER; CARBON
AB Nuclear graphite IG-110 and NBC-18 were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) to understand the structure and microstructure of nuclear graphite. The lattice parameter (a), degree of graphitization ((g) over bar), crystallite size parallel and perpendicular to c-direction (L-c and L-perpendicular to), anisotropy (B), as well as in-plane crystallite size (L-a) were calculated and compared based on XRD patterns and Raman spectra. Results indicate that IG-110 has a larger crystallite size and higher degree of graphitization, but lower anisotropy than NBC-18. These differences are attributed to the properties of coke source and manufacturing processes. Additionally, the shape of the pores and crystallized filler particles, the interface between binders and fillers, Mrozowski cracks and nano-cracks, and the defects of disclination were observed and characterized from SEM and HR-TEM images. The similarities and differences in microstructure between IG-110 and NBG-18 are discussed. The results in this work provide useful information to guide selection of nuclear graphite for the design of next generation nuclear plants (NGNP). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zheng, Guiqiu; Sridharan, Kumar] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Xu, Peng] Westinghouse Elect Co, Columbia, SC 29209 USA.
[Allen, Todd] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
RP Zheng, GQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM guiqiuzheng@gmail.com
RI Zheng, Guiqiu/G-7548-2015;
OI Zheng, Guiqiu/0000-0002-5783-5848; Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 193
EP 199
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.12.013
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400026
ER
PT J
AU Cantrell, KJ
Um, W
Williams, BD
Bowden, ME
Gartman, B
Lukens, WW
Buck, EC
Mausolf, EJ
AF Cantrell, Kirk J.
Um, Wooyong
Williams, Benjamin D.
Bowden, Mark E.
Gartman, Brandy
Lukens, Wayne W.
Buck, Edgar C.
Mausolf, Edward J.
TI Chemical stabilization of Hanford tank residual waste
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID URANYL OXIDE HYDRATE; SOLUBILITY MEASUREMENTS; RELEASE MODELS;
BECQUERELITE; 241-C-204; CARBONATE; PHOSPHATE; IFEFFIT; PHASES; U(VI)
AB Three different chemical treatment methods were tested for their ability to stabilize residual waste from Hanford tank C-202 for reducing contaminant release (Tc, Cr, and U in particular). The three treatment methods tested were lime addition [Ca(OH)(2)], an in situ Ceramicrete waste form based on chemically bonded phosphate ceramics, and a ferrous iron/goethite treatment. These approaches rely on formation of insoluble forms of the contaminants of concern (lime addition and Ceramicrete) and chemical reduction followed by co-precipitation (ferrous iron/goethite incorporation treatment). The results have demonstrated that release of uranium from tank residual wastes can be dramatically reduced after treatment compared to contact with simulated grout porewater without treatment. All three treatments methods reduced the leachable uranium concentrations by well over three orders of magnitude. In the case of uranium and technetium, released concentrations were well below their respective Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for the wastes tested. For tank C-202 residual waste, chromium release concentrations were above the MCL but were considerably reduced relative to untreated tank waste.
This innovative approach has the potential to revolutionize Hanford's tank retrieval process, by allowing larger volumes of residual waste to be left in tanks while providing an acceptably low level of risk with respect to contaminant release that is protective of the environment and human health. Such an approach could enable DOE to realize significant cost savings through streamlined retrieval and closure operations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cantrell, Kirk J.; Um, Wooyong; Williams, Benjamin D.; Bowden, Mark E.; Gartman, Brandy; Buck, Edgar C.; Mausolf, Edward J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Lukens, Wayne W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Cantrell, KJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,Mail Stop P7-54, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM kirk.cantrell@pnnl.gov
RI Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013
OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program within the Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development
program within the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Part of
this research was performed at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular
Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility at PNNL managed
by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental
Research. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under
contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 446
IS 1-3
BP 246
EP 256
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.10.060
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AB2ZZ
UT WOS:000331662400033
ER
PT J
AU Brandao, P
dos Santos, AM
Paixao, LS
Reis, MS
AF Brandao, P.
dos Santos, A. M.
Paixao, L. S.
Reis, M. S.
TI Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of a manganese (II)
silicate containing frustrated S=5/2 zig-zag ladders
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrothermal synthesis; Serandite mineral; Manganese silicate; Magnetic
chain
ID CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; TRANSITION; SERANDITE; PECTOLITE; DIFFRACTION;
CUGEO3; SERIES; SYSTEM; MN; CU
AB The hydrothermal synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties of a manganese silicate with ideal formula of NaMn2Si3O8(OH) is reported. This compound is a synthetic analog to the naturally occurring mineral Serandite. The crystal structure comprises MnO6 octahedra and SiO4 tetrahedra. The MnO6 share four edges with neighboring octahedra forming double chains. These chains are connected by silicate chains Si3O8(OH) resulting in an open framework structure with six-member ring channels where sodium ions are located. From the magnetic point of view, the intra-chain exchange between neighboring S=5/2 manganese ions is weak, partly due to the distortion observed in the octahedra, but also due to the frustrated topology of the chain. A successful fitting of the magnetic susceptibility was obtained by considering a double chain numerical model with Monte Carlo derived empirical parameters. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brandao, P.] Univ Aveiro, Dept Quim, CICECO, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[dos Santos, A. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Paixao, L. S.; Reis, M. S.] Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Fis, BR-24210346 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
RP Brandao, P (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Quim, CICECO, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
EM pbrandao@ua.pt
RI Brandao, Paula/J-3759-2013; dos Santos, Antonio/A-5602-2016; Paixao,
Lucas/D-4072-2016
OI Brandao, Paula/0000-0002-4746-6073; dos Santos,
Antonio/0000-0001-6900-0816; Paixao, Lucas/0000-0001-5419-4953
FU European Union; QREN; FEDER; COMPETE; FCT; collaboration project
FCT/CAPES; CICECO [pEstc/CTM/LA001/2011]; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy;
Brazilian agency: CAPES; Brazilian agency: CNPq; Brazilian agency:
FAPERJ; Brazilian agency: PROPPi-UFF
FX The authors acknowledge European Union, QREN, FEDER, COMPETE, FCT,
collaboration project FCT/CAPES and CICECO (pEstc/CTM/LA001/2011 for
financial support). M.S.R. acknowledge Brazilian agencies: CAPES, CNPq,
FAPERJ and PROPPi-UFF. Research conducted at ORNL's SNS was sponsored by
the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
EI 1095-726X
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 211
BP 130
EP 135
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.12.013
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AB3JF
UT WOS:000331686400019
ER
PT J
AU Fuchs, MR
Pradervand, C
Thominet, V
Schneider, R
Panepucci, E
Grunder, M
Gabadinho, J
Dworkowski, FSN
Tomizaki, T
Schneider, J
Mayer, A
Curtin, A
Olieric, V
Frommherz, U
Kotrle, G
Welte, J
Wang, XY
Maag, S
Schulze-Briese, C
Wang, MT
AF Fuchs, Martin R.
Pradervand, Claude
Thominet, Vincent
Schneider, Roman
Panepucci, Ezequiel
Grunder, Marcel
Gabadinho, Jose
Dworkowski, Florian S. N.
Tomizaki, Takashi
Schneider, Joerg
Mayer, Aline
Curtin, Adrian
Olieric, Vincent
Frommherz, Uli
Kotrle, Goran
Welte, Joerg
Wang, Xinyu
Maag, Stephan
Schulze-Briese, Clemens
Wang, Meitian
TI D3, the new diffractometer for the macromolecular crystallography
beamlines of the Swiss Light Source
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE macromolecular crystallography; diffractometer; microspectrophotometer;
microcrystallography; beamline endstation
ID MICRO-CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; COLD-STREAM; PROTEIN; FLUORESCENCE
AB A new diffractometer for microcrystallography has been developed for the three macromolecular crystallography beamlines of the Swiss Light Source. Building upon and critically extending previous developments realised for the high-resolution endstations of the two undulator beamlines X06SA and X10SA, as well as the super-bend dipole beamline X06DA, the new diffractometer was designed to the following core design goals. (i) Redesign of the goniometer to a sub-micrometer peak-to-peak cylinder of confusion for the horizontal single axis. Crystal sizes down to at least 5 mm and advanced sample-rastering and scanning modes are supported. In addition, it can accommodate the new multi-axis goniometer PRIGo (Parallel Robotics Inspired Goniometer). (ii) A rapid-change beam-shaping element system with aperture sizes down to a minimum of 10 mm for microcrystallography measurements. (iii) Integration of the on-axis microspectrophotometer MS3 for microscopic sample imaging with 1 mm image resolution. Its multi-mode optical spectroscopy module is always online and supports in situ UV/Vis absorption, fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. (iv) High stability of the sample environment by a mineral cast support construction and by close containment of the cryo-stream. Further features are the support for in situ crystallization plate screening and a minimal achievable detector distance of 120 mm for the Pilatus 6M, 2M and the macromolecular crystallography group's planned future area detector Eiger 16M.
C1 [Fuchs, Martin R.; Pradervand, Claude; Thominet, Vincent; Schneider, Roman; Panepucci, Ezequiel; Grunder, Marcel; Gabadinho, Jose; Dworkowski, Florian S. N.; Tomizaki, Takashi; Schneider, Joerg; Mayer, Aline; Curtin, Adrian; Olieric, Vincent; Frommherz, Uli; Kotrle, Goran; Welte, Joerg; Wang, Xinyu; Maag, Stephan; Wang, Meitian] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Fuchs, Martin R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Schulze-Briese, Clemens] DECTRIS Ltd, CH-5400 Baden, Switzerland.
RP Fuchs, MR (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
EM mfuchs@bnl.gov
RI Olieric, Vincent/D-1078-2011; Dworkowski, Florian/D-2807-2011;
OI Dworkowski, Florian/0000-0001-5004-8684; Curtin,
Adrian/0000-0002-7108-7057
FU Max Planck Society (MPG); Novartis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche
FX We thank the X10SA beamline partners, i.e. the Max Planck Society (MPG)
and the pharmaceutical companies Novartis and F. Hoffmann-La Roche, for
funding and for valuable input and feedback, the PSI manufacturing
group, Ludwig Paly and his team, for great support, Johan Wickstrom for
helpful input in planning the diffractometer table, the alignment group,
Karsten Dreyer and his team, for aligning the system, Elmar Zehnder,
Beat Sommer and the electrician team for installing the electrical
systems, Max Muller and his team for help with the technical
installation, and Faselli Coulibaly for providing microcrystals for
testing the microscope.
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0909-0495
EI 1600-5775
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 21
BP 340
EP 351
DI 10.1107/S160057751400006X
PN 2
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA AB5OA
UT WOS:000331836900006
PM 24562555
ER
PT J
AU Oliver, BV
Oliver, RM
AF Oliver, B. V.
Oliver, R. M.
TI Optimal ROE loan pricing with or without adverse selection
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE risk-based pricing; loan pricing; risk scores; response scores; banking;
finance
AB The authors describe the structural solution of the loan rate as a function of default and response risk that maximizes expected return on equity for a lender's portfolio of risky loans. Under the assumptions of our model, the non-linear differential equation for the optimizing price is found to be separable in transformed financial, response and risk variables. With an end-point condition where default-free borrowers are willing to borrow at loan rates higher than the lender's cost of funds, general solutions are obtained for cases where default probabilities may depend explicitly on the offered loan rate and where adverse selection may or may not be present. For the general solution, we suggest a numerical algorithm that involves the sequential solutions of two separate transcendental equations each one of which depends on parameters of the risk and response scores. For the special case where the borrower's default probability is conditionally independent of loan rate, it is shown that the optimal solution is independent of Basel regulations on equity capital.
C1 [Oliver, B. V.] Sandia Corp, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Oliver, R. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94707 USA.
RP Oliver, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 260 Southampton Ave, Berkeley, CA 94707 USA.
EM bvolive@sandia.gov; oliver@ieor.Berkeley.edu
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 0160-5682
EI 1476-9360
J9 J OPER RES SOC
JI J. Oper. Res. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 65
IS 3
SI SI
BP 435
EP 442
DI 10.1057/jors.2012.87
PG 8
WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science
GA AB2JI
UT WOS:000331618600011
ER
PT J
AU Jouvel, S
Abdalla, FB
Kirk, D
Lahav, O
Lin, H
Annis, J
Kron, R
Frieman, JA
AF Jouvel, S.
Abdalla, F. B.
Kirk, D.
Lahav, O.
Lin, H.
Annis, J.
Kron, R.
Frieman, J. A.
TI Optimizing spectroscopic and photometric galaxy surveys: efficient
target selection and survey strategy
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE surveys; cosmology: observations
ID DARK ENERGY SURVEY; ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATION SURVEYS; WEAK-LENSING
TOMOGRAPHY; COSMIC SHEAR; DEEP SURVEY; INTRINSIC ALIGNMENTS; REDSHIFT
SURVEY; STAR-FORMATION; SDSS-III; COSMOLOGY
AB The next generation of spectroscopic surveys will have a wealth of photometric data available for use in target selection. Selecting the best targets is likely to be one of the most important hurdles in making these spectroscopic campaigns as successful as possible. Our ability to measure dark energy depends strongly on the types of targets that we are able to select with a given photometric data set. We show in this paper that we will be able to successfully select the targets needed for the next generation of spectroscopic surveys. We also investigate the details of this selection, including optimization of instrument design and survey strategy in order to measure dark energy. We use colour-colour selection as well as neural networks to select the best possible emission-line galaxies and luminous red galaxies for a cosmological survey. Using the Fisher matrix formalism, we forecast the efficiency of each target selection scenarios. We show how the dark energy figures of merit change in each target selection regime as a function of target type, survey time, survey density and other survey parameters. We outline the optimal target selection scenarios and survey strategy choices which will be available to the next generation of spectroscopic surveys.
C1 [Jouvel, S.] Inst Ciencias Espai IEEC CSIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
[Jouvel, S.; Abdalla, F. B.; Kirk, D.; Lahav, O.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Lin, H.; Annis, J.; Kron, R.; Frieman, J. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Frieman, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Frieman, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Jouvel, S (reprint author), Inst Ciencias Espai IEEC CSIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
EM jouvel@ice.cat
OI Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345
FU Consolider-Ingenio [CSD2007-00060]; EC Marie Curie Initial Training
Network CosmoComp [PITN-GA-2009-238356]; Generalitat de Catalunya
[2009-SGR-1398]; Royal Society; [AYA2009-13936]
FX The authors thank the DESpec collaboration for their useful discussions
which helped develop this work. Funding for this project was partially
provided by the Spanish project AYA2009-13936, Consolider-Ingenio
CSD2007-00060, EC Marie Curie Initial Training Network CosmoComp
(PITN-GA-2009-238356) and research project 2009-SGR-1398 from
Generalitat de Catalunya. FBA thanks the Royal Society for support via
an URF.
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 438
IS 3
BP 2218
EP 2232
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt2371
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AB6DE
UT WOS:000331877000019
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, L
Bosscher, M
Zhang, CS
Ozcubukcu, S
Zhang, L
Zhang, W
Li, CJ
Liu, JZ
Jensen, MP
Lai, LH
He, C
AF Zhou, Lu
Bosscher, Mike
Zhang, Changsheng
Oezcubukcu, Salih
Zhang, Liang
Zhang, Wen
Li, Charles J.
Liu, Jianzhao
Jensen, Mark P.
Lai, Luhua
He, Chuan
TI A protein engineered to bind uranyl selectively and with femtomolar
affinity
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; ENZYME DESIGN; SEA-WATER; URANIUM; EXTRACTION;
SEAWATER; ION; METALLOPROTEINS; FORMS
AB Uranyl (UO22+), the predominant aerobic form of uranium, is present in the ocean at a concentration of similar to 3.2 parts per 10(9) (13.7 nM); however, the successful enrichment of uranyl from this vast resource has been limited by the high concentrations of metal ions of similar size and charge, which makes it difficult to design a binding motif that is selective for uranyl. Here we report the design and rational development of a uranyl-binding protein using a computational screening process in the initial search for potential uranyl-binding sites. The engineered protein is thermally stable and offers very high affinity and selectivity for uranyl with a K-d of 7.4 femtomolar (fM) and >10,000-fold selectivity over other metal ions. We also demonstrated that the uranyl-binding protein can repeatedly sequester 30-60% of the uranyl in synthetic sea water. The chemical strategy employed here may be applied to engineer other selective metal-binding proteins for biotechnology and remediation applications.
C1 [Zhou, Lu; Bosscher, Mike; Oezcubukcu, Salih; Zhang, Liang; Zhang, Wen; Li, Charles J.; Liu, Jianzhao; He, Chuan] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Zhou, Lu; Bosscher, Mike; Oezcubukcu, Salih; Zhang, Liang; Zhang, Wen; Li, Charles J.; Liu, Jianzhao; He, Chuan] Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Zhang, Changsheng; Lai, Luhua] Peking Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Struct Chem Unstable & Stable Speci, BNLMS, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Changsheng; Lai, Luhua] Peking Univ, Ctr Quantitat Biol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Changsheng; Lai, Luhua] Peking Univ, Ctr Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Jensen, Mark P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lai, LH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Struct Chem Unstable & Stable Speci, BNLMS, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM lhlai@pku.edu.cn; chuanhe@uchicago.edu
RI Liu, Jianzhao/E-9165-2011; Zhang, Liang/F-8064-2013; Jensen,
Mark/G-9131-2012
OI Liu, Jianzhao/0000-0001-9465-6075; Jensen, Mark/0000-0003-4494-6693
FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-07ER15865]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of
Energy at Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Dreyfus
Foundation Postdoctoral Program in Environmental Chemistry; Ministry of
Science and Technology of China [2009CB918500]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [21173013, 11021463]; Office of Basic Energy
Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US
Department of Energy, under contract number DE-FG02-07ER15865 to C.H.,
and at Argonne National Laboratory (M.J.) under contract number
DE-AC02-06CH11357, the Dreyfus Foundation Postdoctoral Program in
Environmental Chemistry to S.O., the Ministry of Science and Technology
of China (2009CB918500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (21173013, 11021463) to L.L. Use of the Advanced Photon Source for
protein crystallography data collection at beamlines LS/CA-CAT (21-ID-F)
and NE-CAT (24-ID-C) was supported by the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences of the US Department of Energy under contract number
DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank S. F. Reichard for editing the manuscript
and C. Yang and L. Lan for experimental support.
NR 37
TC 57
Z9 61
U1 14
U2 150
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
EI 1755-4349
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 3
BP 236
EP 241
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1856
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AB7EJ
UT WOS:000331951800014
PM 24557139
ER
PT J
AU Brandizzi, F
Barlowe, C
AF Brandizzi, Federica
Barlowe, Charles
TI ER-Golgi transport: authors' response
SO NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Barlowe, Charles] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Barlowe, C (reprint author), Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Biochem, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM charles.barlowe@dartmouth.edu
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1471-0072
EI 1471-0080
J9 NAT REV MOL CELL BIO
JI Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 3
DI 10.1038/nrm3588-c2
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA AB7VZ
UT WOS:000332000300002
ER
PT J
AU Haskey, SR
Lanctot, MJ
Liu, YQ
Hanson, JM
Blackwell, BD
Nazikian, R
AF Haskey, S. R.
Lanctot, M. J.
Liu, Y. Q.
Hanson, J. M.
Blackwell, B. D.
Nazikian, R.
TI Linear ideal MHD predictions for n=2 non-axisymmetric magnetic
perturbations on DIII-D
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE edge localized modes; resonant magnetic perturbations;
magnetohydrodynamics; tokamaks; toroidal plasma confinement
ID RESISTIVE WALL MODES; D TOKAMAK; PLASMA RESPONSE; SIMULATION; STABILITY;
PHYSICS; COILS; CODE
AB An extensive examination of the plasma response to dominantly n = 2 non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbations (MPs) on the DIII-D tokamak shows the potential to control 3D field interactions by varying the poloidal spectrum of the radial magnetic field. The plasma response is calculated as a function of the applied magnetic field structure and plasma parameters, using the linear magnetohydrodynamic code MARS-F (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 3681). The ideal, single fluid plasma response is decomposed into two main components: a local pitch-resonant response occurring at rational magnetic flux surfaces, and a global kink response. The efficiency with which the field couples to the total plasma response is determined by the safety factor and the structure of the applied field. In many cases, control of the applied field has a more significant effect than control of plasma parameters, which is of particular interest since it can be modified at will throughout a shot to achieve a desired effect. The presence of toroidal harmonics, other than the dominant n = 2 component, is examined revealing a significant n = 4 component in the perturbations applied by the DIII-D MP coils; however, modeling shows the plasma responses to n = 4 perturbations are substantially smaller than the dominant n = 2 responses in most situations.
C1 [Haskey, S. R.; Blackwell, B. D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, Plasma Res Lab, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Lanctot, M. J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Liu, Y. Q.] Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
[Hanson, J. M.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Nazikian, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Haskey, SR (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, Plasma Res Lab, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
EM shaun.haskey@anu.edu.au
RI Haskey, Shaun/M-1469-2015; Blackwell, Boyd/M-2717-2015; Lanctot, Matthew
J/O-4979-2016
OI Haskey, Shaun/0000-0002-9978-6597; Blackwell, Boyd/0000-0002-9091-9269;
Lanctot, Matthew J/0000-0002-7396-3372
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-04ER54541,
DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under
DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-04ER54541 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. The authors
wish to thank Drs A D Turnbull and M J Schaffer for several insightful
discussions and the referee's for comments that helped clarify the ideas
in this paper. SRH wishes to thank AINSE Ltd for providing financial
assistance to enable this work to be conducted.
NR 44
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U1 1
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
EI 1361-6587
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 56
IS 3
AR 035005
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/56/3/035005
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB6KE
UT WOS:000331896200005
ER
PT J
AU Wright, JC
Bertelli, N
AF Wright, J. C.
Bertelli, N.
TI The effects of finite electron temperature and diffraction on lower
hybrid wave propagation
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE lowerhybrid; diffraction; fullwave; ray tracing
ID PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; CURRENT DRIVE; SIMULATIONS;
ABSORPTION; CODE
AB In this paper we show that the commonly used cold plasma dispersion relation for plasma waves in the lower hybrid range of frequencies (LHRF) produces a wave trajectory that is notably different than when thermal corrections to the Hermitian part of the dielectric tensor are retained. This is in contrast to the common implementation in LH simulation codes in which thermal effects are retained only for the anti-Hermitian part of the dielectric tensor used for damping calculations. We show which term is the critical one to retain in the dielectric tensor and discuss implications for modeling of LHRF waves in present day and future devices. We conclude with some observations on the effects of diffraction that may be isolated once thermal effects are retained in both ray tracing and full-wave approaches.
C1 [Wright, J. C.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Bertelli, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Wright, JC (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM jcwright@mit.edu
FU SciDAC Center for Wave-Plasma Interactions [DE-FC02-01ER54648]; US
Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-CH0911466]
FX We thank Paul Bonoli for helpful comments in the development of this
paper. This work was supported by the SciDAC Center for Wave-Plasma
Interactions Contract No DE-FC02-01ER54648 and US Department of Energy
(DOE) Contract DE-AC02-CH0911466.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
EI 1361-6587
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 56
IS 3
AR 035006
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/56/3
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AB6KE
UT WOS:000331896200006
ER
PT J
AU Peng, J
Rong, G
Cai, M
Wang, XJ
Zhou, CB
AF Peng, Jun
Rong, Guan
Cai, Ming
Wang, Xiaojiang
Zhou, Chuangbing
TI An Empirical Failure Criterion for Intact Rocks
SO ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hoek-Brown failure criterion; Triaxial compression test; Material
parameter m(i); Confining pressure; Rock strength
ID GSI SYSTEM; HARD-ROCK; STRENGTH; FRACTURE; MASSES; DAMAGE; COMPRESSION;
GRANITE; LAC
AB The parameter m (i) is an important rock property parameter required for use of the Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The conventional method for determining m (i) is to fit a series of triaxial compression test data. In the absence of laboratory test data, guideline charts have been provided by Hoek to estimate the m (i) value. In the conventional Hoek-Brown failure criterion, the m (i) value is a constant for a given rock. It is observed that using a constant m (i) may not fit the triaxial compression test data well for some rocks. In this paper, a negative exponent empirical model is proposed to express m (i) as a function of confinement, and this exercise leads us to a new empirical failure criterion for intact rocks. Triaxial compression test data of various rocks are used to fit parameters of this model. It is seen that the new empirical failure criterion fits the test data better than the conventional Hoek-Brown failure criterion for intact rocks. The conventional Hoek-Brown criterion fits the test data well in the high-confinement region but fails to match data well in the low-confinement and tension regions. In particular, it overestimates the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and the uniaxial tensile strength of rocks. On the other hand, curves fitted by the proposed empirical failure criterion match test data very well, and the estimated UCS and tensile strength agree well with test data.
C1 [Peng, Jun; Rong, Guan; Wang, Xiaojiang; Zhou, Chuangbing] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Rong, Guan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cai, Ming] Laurentian Univ, Bharti Sch Engn, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
RP Peng, J (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
EM pengiun2010@gmail.com
RI Zhou, Chuangbing/A-6964-2015; Zhou, Chuang-Bing/B-4254-2017
OI Zhou, Chuangbing/0000-0002-0114-735X;
FU National Basic Research Program of China ("973'' Program) [2011CB013501,
2010CB732005]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50979081];
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-11-0406];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2012206020215]
FX The research work presented in this paper is sponsored by the National
Basic Research Program of China ("973'' Program, grant nos. 2011CB013501
and 2010CB732005), the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(grant no. 50979081), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in
University (grant no. NCET-11-0406), and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities (grant no. 2012206020215). The authors are
grateful for this financial support.
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 11
U1 9
U2 50
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0723-2632
EI 1434-453X
J9 ROCK MECH ROCK ENG
JI Rock Mech. Rock Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 2
BP 347
EP 356
DI 10.1007/s00603-012-0355-6
PG 10
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AB3SJ
UT WOS:000331710200003
ER
PT J
AU Pan, PZ
Rutqvist, J
Feng, XT
Yan, F
AF Pan, Peng-Zhi
Rutqvist, Jonny
Feng, Xia-Ting
Yan, Fei
TI An Approach for Modeling Rock Discontinuous Mechanical Behavior Under
Multiphase Fluid Flow Conditions
SO ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Rock discontinuous cellular automaton; TOUGH2; CO2 injection;
Discontinuity; Multiphase flow
ID ELASTOPLASTIC CELLULAR-AUTOMATON; SALINE AQUIFERS; FRACTURED ROCK; CO2
STORAGE; MEDIA; SIMULATION; BRINE; HEAT; CODE
AB In this paper, the two computer codes TOUGH2 and RDCA (for "rock discontinuous cellular automaton") are integrated for coupled hydromechanical analysis of multiphase fluid flow and discontinuous mechanical behavior in heterogeneous rock. TOUGH2 is a well-established code for geohydrological analysis involving multiphase, multicomponent fluid flow and heat transport; RDCA is a numerical model developed for simulating the nonlinear and discontinuous geomechanical behavior of rock. The RDCA incorporates the discontinuity of a fracture independently of the mesh, such that the fracture can be arbitrarily located within an element, while the fluid pressure calculated by TOUGH2 can be conveniently applied to fracture surfaces. We verify and demonstrate the coupled TOUGH-RDCA simulator by modeling a number of simulation examples related to coupled multiphase flow and geomechanical processes associated with the deep geological storage of carbon dioxide-including modeling of ground surface uplift, stress-dependent permeability, and the coupled multiphase flow and geomechanical behavior of fractures intersecting the caprock.
C1 [Pan, Peng-Zhi; Feng, Xia-Ting; Yan, Fei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
[Pan, Peng-Zhi; Rutqvist, Jonny] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pan, PZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
EM pzpan@whrsm.ac.cn
RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015
OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10972231, 41272349,
11002154]; National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732006]; US
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was finically supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. 10972231, 41272349, 11002154) and the National
Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2010CB732006, and in
part, supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Daniel Hawkes at LBNL for reviewing the
initial version of the paper.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 22
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0723-2632
EI 1434-453X
J9 ROCK MECH ROCK ENG
JI Rock Mech. Rock Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 2
BP 589
EP 603
DI 10.1007/s00603-013-0428-1
PG 15
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AB3SJ
UT WOS:000331710200020
ER
PT J
AU Nguyen, MC
Zhao, X
Wang, YG
Wang, CZ
Ho, KM
AF Manh Cuong Nguyen
Zhao, Xin
Wang, Yangang
Wang, Cai-Zhuang
Ho, Kai-Ming
TI Genetic algorithm prediction of crystal structure of metastable Si-IX
phase
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Si metastable structure; Structural properties; Genetic algorithm;
First-principles calculations
ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; SILICON
AB We performed genetic algorithm search for the atomic structure of the long Lime unsolved Si-IX phase. We found two new structures with space groups of P4(2)/m and P-4, respectively, which have lattice parameters in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The phonon calculations showed that the P4(2)/m structure exhibits a soft phonon mode, while the P-4 structure is dynamically stable. Our calculation also showed that the P-4 structure is a meta-stable structure in a pressure range from 0 to 40 GPa, The Si-IX phase could be a mixed phase consisting of the P4(2)/m and the P-4 structures. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Manh Cuong Nguyen; Zhao, Xin; Wang, Yangang; Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Ho, Kai-Ming] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Manh Cuong Nguyen; Zhao, Xin; Wang, Yangang; Wang, Cai-Zhuang; Ho, Kai-Ming] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Wang, Yangang] Chinese Acad Sci, Supercomp Ctr, Comp Network Informat Ctr, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
RP Nguyen, MC (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI Nguyen, Manh Cuong/G-2783-2015;
OI Nguyen, Manh Cuong/0000-0001-8027-9029; Zhao, Xin/0000-0002-3580-512X
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials
Science and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, including a
grant of computer time at the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Centre (NERSC) in Berkeley, CA under Contract no.
DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
EI 1879-2766
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 182
BP 14
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.005
PG 3
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AB2PZ
UT WOS:000331635900004
ER
PT J
AU Duffort, V
Caignaert, V
Pralong, V
Raveau, B
Suchomel, MR
Mitchell, JF
AF Duffort, V.
Caignaert, Vincent
Pralong, V.
Raveau, B.
Suchomel, M. R.
Mitchell, J. F.
TI Photo-induced low temperature structural transition in the "114"
YBaFe4O7 oxide
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Photo-induced transition; Iron oxide; Powder diffraction; 114 structure
ID T-C; MAGNETISM; YBACO4O7
AB Synchrotron irradiation of the oxide YBaFe4O7.0 below 190 K converts the low temperature monoclinic structure to a higher symmetry tetragonal form analogous to the room temperature structure. This photo-induced metastable tetragonal form is stable even in the absence of irradiation over the range 4-60 K, however, above 60 K the photo-transition is reversible. These structural phenomena are correlated to the magnetic behaviour of this system, suggesting possible spin-lattice coupling. A scenario explaining the low temperature photo-induced transition is proposed, based on the different distributions of the valence electrons in the iron sub-lattice of the monoclinic and tetragonal phases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Duffort, V.; Caignaert, Vincent; Pralong, V.; Raveau, B.] ENSICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, F-14050 Caen, France.
[Suchomel, M. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Mitchell, J. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Caignaert, V (reprint author), ENSICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 6 Bd Marechal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France.
EM vincent.caignaert@ensicaen.fr
RI Suchomel, Matthew/C-5491-2015;
OI SUCHOMEL, Matthew/0000-0002-9500-5079; DUFFORT,
Victor/0000-0002-9851-0310
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Argonne National Laboratory's work is supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. VD is grateful to A. Cervellino for his assistance
with the X04SA beamline.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
EI 1879-2766
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 182
BP 22
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.11.006
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AB2PZ
UT WOS:000331635900006
ER
PT J
AU Parker, D
Singh, DJ
AF Parker, David
Singh, David J.
TI High temperature thermoelectric properties of rock-salt structure PbS
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Semiconductors; Thermoelectrics; Transport Properties; Seebeck
coefficient
ID FILLED SKUTTERUDITES; PERFORMANCE; FIGURE; MERIT; PBTE; NANOSTRUCTURES;
TELLURIDE; SNTE
AB We present an analysis of the high temperature transport properties of rock-salt structure PbS, a sister compound to the better studied lead chalcogenides PbSe and PbTe. We find thermopower magnitudes exceeding 200 mu V/K in a wide doping range for temperatures of 800 K and above. Based on these calculations, and an analysis of recent experimental work, we find that this material has a potential for high thermoelectric performance. We also find favorable mechanical properties, based on an analysis of published data. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Parker, David; Singh, David J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Parker, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM parkerds@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, EERE, Vehicle Technologies, Propulsion
Materials Program; Solid State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center
(S3 TEC), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, EERE,
Vehicle Technologies, Propulsion Materials Program (D.P.), and the Solid
State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3 TEC), an Energy
Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award no.
DE-SC0001299/DE-FG02-09ER46577 (D.J.S.).
NR 35
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U1 2
U2 75
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
EI 1879-2766
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 182
BP 34
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.008
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AB2PZ
UT WOS:000331635900009
ER
PT J
AU Elkin, FS
Zibrov, IP
Novikov, AP
Khasanov, SS
Sidorov, VA
Petrova, AE
Lograsso, TA
Thompson, JD
Stishov, SM
AF Elkin, F. S.
Zibrov, I. P.
Novikov, A. P.
Khasanov, S. S.
Sidorov, V. A.
Petrova, A. E.
Lograsso, T. A.
Thompson, J. D.
Stishov, S. M.
TI Thermodynamics of the ferromagnetic phase transition in nearly half
metallic CoS2 at high pressures
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Half-metal; Phase transition; X-ray; Specific heat
ID ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; PYRITE STRUCTURE
AB The volume change and heat capacity at the ferromagnetic phase transition in COS2 were measured at high pressures using X-rays generated by the Argonne synchrotron light source and by ac-calorimetry, respectively. The transition entropy, calculated on the basis of these experimental data, drops along the transition line due to quantum degradation, as required by Nernst's law. The volume change increases strongly along the transition line, which is explained by specifics of the compressibility difference of coexisting phases that results from nearly half metallic nature of the ferromagnetic phase of COS2. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Elkin, F. S.; Zibrov, I. P.; Novikov, A. P.; Sidorov, V. A.; Petrova, A. E.; Stishov, S. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys Russian, Troitsk, Russia.
[Khasanov, S. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Lograsso, T. A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Thompson, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Stishov, SM (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst High Pressure Phys Russian, Troitsk, Russia.
EM sergei@hppi.troitsk.ru
RI Khasanov, Salavat/R-8690-2016
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-02-00376-a]; Program of the
Physics Department of RAS on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems;
Program of the Presidium of RAS on Strongly Compressed Matter; DOE-NNSA
[DE-NA0001974]; DOE-BES [DE-FG02-99ER45775]; NSF
FX This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
(Grant 12-02-00376-a), Program of the Physics Department of RAS on
Strongly Correlated Electron Systems and Program of the Presidium of RAS
on Strongly Compressed Matter. Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory
was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and
Engineering. TA,L. wish to acknowledge research performed at Ames
Laboratory. Ames laboratory is operated for the U.S, Department of
Energy by Iowa State University. A portion of this work was performed at
HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National
Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA under Award no.
DE-NA0001974 and DOE-BES under Award no. DE-FG02-99ER45775, with partial
instrumentation funding by NSF. APS is supported by DOE-BES, under
Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. F.E and I.Z greatly appreciate help of
C. Kenney-Benson, D. Ikuta and D. Popov.
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
EI 1879-2766
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 181
BP 41
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.001
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AB2PL
UT WOS:000331634500009
ER
PT J
AU Glaeser, RM
Muller, H
AF Glaeser, Robert M.
Mueller, Holger
TI Generalization of the Matsumoto-Tonomura approximation for the phase
shift within an open aperture
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aperture; Charging; Phase contrast
ID PLATE; TEM
AB As shown by Matsumoto and Tonomura. the phase shift imposed on an electron beam by an electrostatic phase plate is constant for all (straight) electron trajectories passing through a circular aperture, provided that (1) the electric held goes to zero at distances far above and below the aperture and (2) the value of the phase shift at the boundary (i.e perimeter of the aperture) is constant [5]. We now point out that the I esult can be valid for any shape of the hole in the aperture, and, furthermore, it requires only that the electric held is equal and opposite at large distances above and below the aperture, respectively. We also point out that the conditions of validity of the Matsumoto-Tonomura approximation constrain the phase shift across the open aperture to a quadratic algebraic form when the phase shift is not constant around the perimeter. Finally, it follows that the projection approximation for calculating the phase shift must fail for strong phase shifts of higher than quadratic form. These extensions of the original result of Matsumoto and Tonomura give further insight to the analysis of charging phenomena observed with apertures that are designed to produce contrast in in-focus images of weak phase objects. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Glaeser, Robert M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mueller, Holger] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Glaeser, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rmglaeser@lbl.gov
RI Mueller, Holger/E-3194-2015
FU NIH [GM083039]; NSF [029907-002]
FX This work was supported in part by NIH grant GM083039 and by NSF award
#029907-002.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
EI 1879-2723
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 138
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.11.009
PG 3
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA AB3VT
UT WOS:000331719000001
PM 24333773
ER
PT J
AU Gao, L
Ding, XD
Zong, HX
Lookman, T
Sun, J
Ren, XB
Saxena, A
AF Gao, Lei
Ding, Xiangdong
Zong, Hongxiang
Lookman, Turab
Sun, Jun
Ren, Xiaobing
Saxena, Avadh
TI Diffuse scattering as an indicator for martensitic variant selection
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Precursor phenomena; Martensitic transformation; Diffuse scattering;
Molecular dynamics simulations
ID R-PHASE TRANSFORMATION; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; NI-BASED ALLOYS;
ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; PRECURSOR PHENOMENA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; MICROSTRUCTURES; SIMULATION; ZIRCONIUM
AB Diffuse scattering is an important precursor phenomenon prior to the martensitic transformation (MT). It is related to the correlated atomic position fluctuations prior to the MT and can provide important hints of the transformation mechanism. However, the role of this precursor phenomenon in the MT is not clear so far. Here we study the evolution of diffraction patterns prior to temperature- and stress-induced MTs and consider the evolution of atomic configurations during the whole MT process, using molecular dynamics simulations on a generic body-centered cubic hexagonal close-packed transformation as an example. Our results show that, although the diffuse scattering changes with external fields, there exists a general relationship between the transformation pathways, the diffuse scattering streaks and the martensitic products. Two preferred transformation pathways with opposite shuffle directions lead to a single specific diffuse scattering streak prior to the MT and form one pair of anti-variants after the MT. Thus the distribution of diffuse scattering acts as an indicator of the selection of martensitic variants. In addition, we find that the applied stress can change the shear order parameter of the phase transformation, and subsequently determines the preferred transformation pathways and the distribution of diffuse scattering streaks. This work establishes a relationship between the transformation mechanism, the precursor phenomenon and the products after the MT under the influence of external fields. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gao, Lei; Ding, Xiangdong; Zong, Hongxiang; Sun, Jun; Ren, Xiaobing] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Mech Behav Mat, Xian 710049, Peoples R China.
[Ding, Xiangdong; Lookman, Turab; Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Ren, Xiaobing] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Ferro Phys Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
RP Ding, XD (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Mech Behav Mat, Xian 710049, Peoples R China.
EM dingxd@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; txl@lanl.gov
RI Ren, Xiaobing/B-6072-2009; Ding, Xiangdong/K-4971-2013
OI Ren, Xiaobing/0000-0002-4973-2486; Ding, Xiangdong/0000-0002-1220-3097
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51171140, 51231008, 51320105014,
51321003]; National Basic Research program of China [2010CB631003,
2012CB619402, 2012CB619401]; Program of Introducing Talents of
Discipline to Universities in China project [B06025]; US Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We are grateful to the Natural Science Foundation of China (51171140,
51231008, 51320105014 and 51321003), the National Basic Research program
of China (2010CB631003, 2012CB619402 and 2012CB619401) and the Program
of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities in China project
(B06025) for their support. X.D., T.L. and A.S. thank the US Department
of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under grant
(DE-AC52-06NA25396)
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 33
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
BP 69
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.11.068
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AA9OK
UT WOS:000331422600008
ER
PT J
AU Ungar, T
Stoica, AD
Tichy, G
Wang, XL
AF Ungar, Tamas
Stoica, Alexandru D.
Tichy, Geza
Wang, Xun-Li
TI Orientation-dependent evolution of the dislocation density in grain
populations with different crystallographic orientations relative to the
tensile axis in a polycrystalline aggregate of stainless steel
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE In situ neutron diffraction; Line-profile analysis; hkl-Dependent
dislocation density; Work-hardening; Taylor equation
ID LINE-PROFILE ANALYSIS; VON KUPFER-EINKRISTALLEN; X-RAY;
NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; STRAIN AMPLITUDE; LATTICE STRAINS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS;
FLOW-STRESS; CONTRAST; VULCAN
AB Line profile analysis was carried out on neutron diffraction patterns collected by the energy-dispersive method for an in situ tensile-deformed AISI-316 stainless steel specimen. The experiments were carried out at the VULCAN engineering beam line of the spallation neutron source of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Both the dislocation densities and the local stresses in grains oriented with different hkl crystal directions along the tensile axis were determined. The work-hardening equation of Taylor was tested for the hkl-dependent phenomenological constant alpha. The grain-orientation-dependent cc values were directly related to the heterogeneity of dislocation distribution in correlation with previous transmission electron microscopy data. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ungar, Tamas; Wang, Xun-Li] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Stoica, Alexandru D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Ungar, Tamas; Tichy, Geza] Eotvos Univ Budapest, Dept Mat Phys, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary.
RP Ungar, T (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM ungar@ludens.elte.hu
RI Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013;
OI Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134; Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777
FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
US Department of Energy, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle; ORISE Oak Ridge National Laboratory
FX Neutron diffraction measurements were carried out at the Spallation
Neutron Source, which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User
Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with
UT-Battelle. A.S. thanks his colleagues: Dr. Ke An and Mr. Harley
Skorpenske, as well as Dr. Sheng Cheng, from the Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, for their
help during the experiment and fruitful discussions. T.U. thanks ORISE
Oak Ridge National Laboratory for partial support of this research.
NR 51
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U1 4
U2 52
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 66
BP 251
EP 261
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.11.012
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AA9OK
UT WOS:000331422600025
ER
PT J
AU Creutz, M
AF Creutz, Michael
TI Emergent spin
SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lattice field theory; Spin and statistics; Fermion doubling
ID LATTICE GAUGE-THEORIES; STAGGERED FERMIONS; EUCLIDEAN LATTICE;
TRANSFER-MATRIX; ENERGY; FIELDS
AB Quantum mechanics and relativity in the continuum imply the well known spin-statistics connection. However for particles hopping on a lattice, there is no such constraint. If a lattice model yields a relativistic field theory in a continuum limit, this constraint must "emerge" for physical excitations. We discuss a few models where a spin-less fermion hopping on a lattice gives excitations which satisfy the continuum Dirac equation. This includes such well known systems such as graphene and staggered fermions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Creutz, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM creutz@bnl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This manuscript has been authored under contract number
DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy. Accordingly, the US
Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do
so, for US Government purposes.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0003-4916
EI 1096-035X
J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK
JI Ann. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 342
BP 21
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.aop.2013.12.002
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AA9PT
UT WOS:000331426100003
ER
PT J
AU Mitri, FG
AF Mitri, F. G.
TI Axial and transverse acoustic radiation forces on a fluid sphere placed
arbitrarily in Bessel beam standing wave tweezers
SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Acoustic radiation force; Acoustic levitation; Acoustic tweezers;
Standing waves; Bessel beams; Fluid sphere manipulation
ID PLANE-PROGRESSIVE WAVES; POTENTIAL-WELL MODEL; QUASI-GAUSSIAN BEAM;
HALF-CONE ANGLES; RIGID SPHERE; SOUND FIELD; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION;
ELASTIC SPHERE; VISCOUS-FLUID; VORTEX BEAM
AB The axial and transverse radiation forces on a fluid sphere placed arbitrarily in the acoustical field of Bessel beams of standing waves are evaluated. The three-dimensional components of the time-averaged force are expressed in terms of the beam-shape coefficients of the incident field and the scattering coefficients of the fluid sphere using a partial-wave expansion (PWE) method. Examples are chosen for which the standing wave field is composed of either a zero-order (non-vortex) Besse (beam, or a first-order Bessel vortex beam. It is shown here, that both transverse and axial forces can push or pull the fluid sphere to an equilibrium position depending on the chosen size parameter ka (where k is the wave-number and a the sphere's radius). The corresponding results are of particular importance in biophysical applications for the design of lab-on-chip devices operating with Bessel beams standing wave tweezers. Moreover, potential investigations in acoustic levitation and related applications in particle rotation in a vortex beam may benefit from the results of this study. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mitri, F. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Chevron Area 52 Technol, 5 Bisbee Ct, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA.
EM mitri@chevron.com
NR 89
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 37
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0003-4916
EI 1096-035X
J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK
JI Ann. Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 342
BP 158
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.aop.2013.12.009
PG 13
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AA9PT
UT WOS:000331426100010
ER
PT J
AU Vuilleumier, D
Kozarac, D
Mehl, M
Saxena, S
Pitz, WJ
Dibble, RW
Chen, JY
Sarathy, SM
AF Vuilleumier, David
Kozarac, Darko
Mehl, Marco
Saxena, Samveg
Pitz, William J.
Dibble, Robert W.
Chen, Jyh-Yuan
Sarathy, S. Mani
TI Intermediate temperature heat release in an HCCI engine fueled by
ethanol/n-heptane mixtures: An experimental and modeling study
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemical kinetic modeling; HCCI engine; Heat release rate; Biofuels
ID 2-STAGE IGNITION FUELS; N-HEPTANE; PORT INJECTION; SINGLE-STAGE; LOAD
LIMITS; COMBUSTION; AUTOIGNITION; OXIDATION; SIMULATIONS; OPERATION
AB This study examines intermediate temperature heat release (ITHR) in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines using blends of ethanol and n-heptane. Experiments were performed over the range of 0-50% n-heptane liquid volume fractions, at equivalence ratios 0.4 and 0.5, and intake pressures from 1.4 bar to 2.2 bar. ITHR was induced in the mixtures containing predominantly ethanol through the addition of small amounts of n-heptane. After a critical threshold, additional n-heptane content yielded low temperature heat release (LTHR). A method for quantifying the amount of heat released during ITHR was developed by examining the second derivative of heat release, and this method was then used to identify trends in the engine data. The combustion process inside the engine was modeled using a single-zone HCCI model, and good qualitative agreement of pre-ignition pressure rise and heat release rate was found between experimental and modeling results using a detailed n-heptane/ethanol chemical kinetic model. The simulation results were used to identify the dominant reaction pathways contributing to ITHR, as well as to verify the chemical basis behind the quantification of the amount of ITHR in the experimental analysis. The dominant reaction pathways contributing to ITHR were found to be H-atom abstraction from n-heptane by OH and the addition of fuel radicals to O-2. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vuilleumier, David; Sarathy, S. Mani] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
[Kozarac, Darko] Univ Zagreb, Zagreb 41000, Croatia.
[Mehl, Marco; Pitz, William J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA.
[Saxena, Samveg] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dibble, Robert W.; Chen, Jyh-Yuan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sarathy, SM (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
EM mani.sarathy@kaust.edu.sa
RI Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; Mehl, Marco/A-8506-2009
OI Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Mehl, Marco/0000-0002-2227-5035
FU Clean Combustion Research Center; Saudi Aramco under the FUELCOM
program; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Researchers at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
acknowledge funding from the Clean Combustion Research Center and from
Saudi Aramco under the FUELCOM program. The work at LLNL was performed
under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 48
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 3
BP 680
EP 695
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.008
PG 16
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AA9QN
UT WOS:000331428100006
ER
PT J
AU Allen, JW
Scheer, AM
Gao, CW
Merchant, SS
Vasu, SS
Welz, O
Savee, JD
Osborn, DL
Lee, C
Vranckx, S
Wang, ZD
Qi, F
Fernandes, RX
Green, WH
Hadi, MZ
Taatjes, CA
AF Allen, Joshua W.
Scheer, Adam M.
Gao, Connie W.
Merchant, Shame S.
Vasu, Subith S.
Welz, Oliver
Savee, John D.
Osborn, David L.
Lee, Changyoul
Vranckx, Stijn
Wang, Zhandong
Qi, Fei
Fernandes, Ravi X.
Green, William H.
Hadi, Masood Z.
Taatjes, Craig A.
TI A coordinated investigation of the combustion chemistry of diisopropyl
ketone, a prototype for biofuels produced by endophytic fungi
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Diisopropyl ketone; Automatic mechanism generation; Ignition delay;
Pyrolysis; Combustion; Detailed kinetics modeling
ID RAPID COMPRESSION MACHINE; SET MODEL CHEMISTRY; OXIDATION CHEMISTRY;
ETHANOL OXIDATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LOW-PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE;
RADICALS; KINETICS; FUELS
AB Several classes of endophytic fungi have been recently identified that convert cellulosic biomass to a range of ketones and other oxygenated molecules, which are potentially viable as biofuels, but whose oxidation chemistry is not yet well understood. In this work, we present a predictive kinetics model describing the pyrolysis and oxidation of diisopropyl ketone (DIPK) that was generated automatically using the Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG) software package. The model predictions are evaluated against three experiments that cover a range of temperatures, pressures, and oxygen concentrations: (1) Synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS) measurements of pyrolysis in the range 800-1340 K at 30 Ton and 760 Torr; (2) Synchrotron PIMS measurements of laser photolytic Cl-initiated oxidation from 550 K to 700 K at 8 Tort; and (3) Rapid-compression machine measurements of ignition delay between 591 K and 720 K near 10 bar. Improvements made to the model parameters, particularly in the areas of hydrogen abstraction from the initial DIPK molecule and low-temperature peroxy chemistry, are discussed. Our ability to automatically generate this model and systematically improve its parameters without fitting to the experimental results demonstrates the usefulness of the predictive chemical kinetics paradigm. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Allen, Joshua W.; Gao, Connie W.; Merchant, Shame S.; Green, William H.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Scheer, Adam M.; Welz, Oliver; Savee, John D.; Osborn, David L.; Taatjes, Craig A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Vasu, Subith S.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32708 USA.
[Lee, Changyoul; Vranckx, Stijn; Fernandes, Ravi X.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Wang, Zhandong; Qi, Fei] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Fernandes, Ravi X.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Hadi, Masood Z.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Green, WH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM whgreen@mit.edu; cataatj@sandia.gov
RI Wang, Zhandong/B-2839-2009; Welz, Oliver/C-1165-2013; Qi,
Fei/A-3722-2012;
OI Welz, Oliver/0000-0003-1978-2412; , /0000-0001-8002-1036; Green,
William/0000-0003-2603-9694; Vasu, Subith/0000-0002-4164-3163
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia
National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Excellence Initiative by the German federal and
state governments to promote science and research at German
universities; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)
[2013CB834602]; Natural Science Foundation of China [50925623]; Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work is supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories, a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lock-heed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work at Aachen is supported by the
Cluster of Excellence "Tailor-Made Fuels from Bio-mass" program, funded
by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments
to promote science and research at German universities. The Hefei work
is funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)
(2013CB834602) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (50925623).
The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory.
NR 50
TC 21
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U1 4
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 3
BP 711
EP 724
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.019
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AA9QN
UT WOS:000331428100008
ER
PT J
AU Cai, LM
Sudholt, A
Lee, DJ
Egolfopoulos, FN
Pitsch, H
Westbrook, CK
Sarathy, SM
AF Cai, Liming
Sudholt, Alena
Lee, Dong Joon
Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.
Pitsch, Heinz
Westbrook, Charles K.
Sarathy, S. Mani
TI Chemical kinetic study of a novel lignocellulosic biofuel: Di-n-butyl
ether oxidation in a laminar flow reactor and flames
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Laminar flames; Ignition delay; Flame propagation; Ethers; Di-n-butyl
ether
ID DIMETHYL ETHER; DIETHYL-ETHER; BURNING VELOCITIES; PREMIXED FLAMES;
SHOCK-TUBE; JET FUELS; COMBUSTION; IGNITION; HYDROCARBONS; PROPAGATION
AB The combustion characteristics of promising alternative fuels have been studied extensively in the recent years. Nevertheless, the pyrolysis and oxidation kinetics for many oxygenated fuels are not well characterized compared to those of hydrocarbons. In the present investigation, the first chemical kinetic study of a long-chain linear symmetric ether, di-n-butyl ether (DBE), is presented and a detailed reaction model is developed. DBE has been identified recently as a candidate biofuel produced from lignocellulosic biomass. The model includes both high temperature and low temperature reaction pathways with reaction rates generated using appropriate rate rules. In addition, experimental studies on fundamental combustion characteristics, such as ignition delay times and laminar flame speeds have been performed. A laminar flow reactor was used to determine the ignition delay times of lean and stoichiometric DBE/air mixtures. The laminar flame speeds of DBE/air mixtures were measured in the stagnation flame configuration for a wide rage of equivalence ratios at atmospheric pressure and an unburned reactant temperature of 373 K. All experimental data were modeled using the present kinetic model. The agreement between measured and computed results is satisfactory, and the model was used to elucidate the oxidation pathways of DBE. The dissociation of keto-hydroperoxides, leading to radical chain branching was found to dominate the ignition of DBE in the low temperature regime. The results of the present numerical and experimental study of the oxidation of di-n-butyl ether provide a good basis for further investigation of long chain linear and branched ethers. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cai, Liming; Sudholt, Alena; Pitsch, Heinz] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Combust Technol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Lee, Dong Joon; Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Westbrook, Charles K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Sarathy, S. Mani] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia.
RP Cai, LM (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Combust Technol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
EM lcai@itv.rwth-aachen.de; mani@sarathy.ca
RI Pitsch, Heinz/E-1082-2014; Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015;
OI Pitsch, Heinz/0000-0001-5656-0961; Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206;
Egolfopoulos, Fokion/0000-0002-7115-5304
FU Excellence Initiative by the German federal government; German Research
Foundation (DFG); Clean Combustion Research Center at the King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology; TMFB Visiting Fellowship program;
US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-SC0001198]; Excellence Initiative by the German state
government
FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Mariam Al Rashidi (KAUST, Saudi Arabia)
and Dr. Alex Davis (NIST, USA) for performing the quantum chemical BDE
calculations. This work was performed as part of the Cluster of
Excellence "Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass", which is funded by the
Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to
promote science and research at German universities, and as part of the
collaborative research center (SFB) 1029 which is funded by the German
Research Foundation (DFG). This work was partly funded by the Clean
Combustion Research Center at the King Abdullah University of Science
and Technology. Co-author S.M.S. acknowledges funding from the TMFB
Visiting Fellowship program. The LLNL work was performed under the
auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The USC work was supported
as part of the CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy
Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001198.
NR 55
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 3
BP 798
EP 809
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.003
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AA9QN
UT WOS:000331428100014
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YL
Lee, DJ
Westbrook, CK
Egolfopoulos, FN
Tsotsis, TT
AF Wang, Yang L.
Lee, Dong J.
Westbrook, Charles K.
Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.
Tsotsis, Theodore T.
TI Oxidation of small alkyl esters in flames
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Flame propagation; Laminar flames; Alkyl esters; Methyl esters; Ethyl
esters
ID PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; KINETIC REACTION-MECHANISM; IGNITION DELAY
TIMES; JET-STIRRED REACTOR; METHYL BUTANOATE; SHOCK-TUBE; PREMIXED
FLAMES; BIODIESEL FUELS; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; ELEVATED PRESSURES
AB The oxidation characteristics of several small methyl and ethyl esters with carbon number less than six were investigated in laminar flames. The kinetics of such fuels are subsets of those of larger alkyl esters that are constituents of practical biodiesel fuels. A total of seven fuels, namely methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl butanoate, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, and ethyl propionate were considered. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure, elevated reactant temperatures, and over a wide range of equivalence ratios. Laminar flame speeds were determined in the counterflow configuration in which flow velocities were measured using particle image velocimetry. Several detailed kinetic models were tested against the experimental data, and insight was provided into the high-temperature combustion kinetics of the aforementioned fuels. Based on comparisons between experimental and computed results it became apparent that the chemistry of alkyl-ester combustion chemistry is evolving and much needs to be done in order to derive improved rate constants for a wide range of elementary steps. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Yang L.; Lee, Dong J.; Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Westbrook, Charles K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Tsotsis, Theodore T.] Univ So Calif, Mork Family Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP Egolfopoulos, FN (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM egolfopo@usc.edu
OI Egolfopoulos, Fokion/0000-0002-7115-5304
FU CEFRC, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001198];
US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the CEFRC, an
Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award
Number DE-SC0001198. Computational portions were performed under the
auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 59
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 3
BP 810
EP 817
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.09.013
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AA9QN
UT WOS:000331428100015
ER
PT J
AU Pearce, CI
Liu, J
Baer, DR
Qafoku, O
Heald, SM
Arenholz, E
Grosz, AE
McKinley, JP
Resch, CT
Bowden, ME
Engelhard, MH
Rosso, KM
AF Pearce, C. I.
Liu, J.
Baer, D. R.
Qafoku, O.
Heald, S. M.
Arenholz, E.
Grosz, A. E.
McKinley, J. P.
Resch, C. T.
Bowden, M. E.
Engelhard, M. H.
Rosso, K. M.
TI Characterization of natural titanomagnetites (Fe3-xTixO4) for studying
heterogeneous electron transfer to Tc(VII) in the Hanford subsurface
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; 2P ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION;
SITE OCCUPANCY; PERTECHNETATE; REDUCTION; SPECTROSCOPY; IRON; SEDIMENTS;
PRODUCTS
AB Sediments with basaltic provenance, such as those at the Hanford nuclear reservation, Washington, USA, are rich in Fe-bearing minerals of mixed valence. These minerals are redox reactive with aqueous O-2 or Fe(II), and have the potential to react with important environmental contaminants including Tc. Here we isolate, identify and characterize natural Fe(II)/Fe(III)-bearing microparticles from Hanford sediments, develop synthetic analogues and investigate their batch redox reactivity with aqueous Tc(VII). Natural Fe-rich mineral samples were isolated by magnetic separation from sediments collected at several locations on Hanford's central plateau. This magnetic mineral fraction was found to represent up to 1 wt% of the total sediment, and be composed of 90% magnetite with minor ilmenite and hematite, as determined by X-ray diffraction. The magnetite contained variable amounts of transition metals consistent with alio- and isovalent metal substitutions for Fe. Xray microprobe analysis showed that Ti was the most significant substituent, and that these grains could be described with the titanomagnetite formula Fe3-xTixO4, which falls between endmember magnetite (x = 0) and ulvospinel (x = 1). The dominant composition was determined to be x = 0.15 by chemical analysis and electron probe microanalysis in the bulk, and by L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at the surface.
Site-level characterization of the titanomagnetites by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism showed that despite native oxidation, octahedral Fe(II) was detectable within 5 nm of the mineral surface. By testing the effect of contact with oxic Hanford and Ringold groundwaters to reduced Ringold groundwater, it was found that the concentration of this near-surface structural Fe(II) was strongly dependent on aqueous redox condition. This highlights the potential for restoring reducing equivalents and thus reduction capacity to oxidized Fe-mineral surfaces through redox cycling in the natural environment. Reaction of these magnetically-separated natural phases from Hanford sediments with a solution containing 10 mu M Tc(VII) showed that they were able to reductively immobilize Tc(VII) with concurrent oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) at the mineral surface, as were synthetic x = 0.15 microparticle and nanoparticle analogue phases. When differences in the particle surface area to solution volume ratio were taken into consideration, measured Tc(VII) reduction rates for Fe3-xTixO4 (x = 0.15) natural material, synthetic bulk powder and nanoparticles scaled systematically, suggesting possible utility for comprehensive batch and flow reactivity studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pearce, C. I.; Liu, J.; Baer, D. R.; Qafoku, O.; McKinley, J. P.; Resch, C. T.; Bowden, M. E.; Engelhard, M. H.; Rosso, K. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Heald, S. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Grosz, A. E.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Pearce, CI (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Chem, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM carolyn.pearce@manchester.ac.uk
RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; Liu, Juan/G-6035-2016;
OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812
FU PNNL Science Focus Area (SFA), Subsurface Biogeochemical Research (SBR)
program, the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER),
US Department of Energy (DOE); US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was funded by PNNL Science Focus Area (SFA), Subsurface
Biogeochemical Research (SBR) program, the DOE Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (OBER), US Department of Energy (DOE). mu-XRD,
TEM and SEM measurements were performed in Environmental Molecular
Science Laboratory (EMSL), a national user facility supported by the
OBER and located at PNNL. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office
of Science User Facility operated by Argonne National Laboratory, was
supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. XA and
XMCD measurements were performed at the Advance Light Source supported
by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors acknowledge Bruce Bjornstad
for identifying the sites for sample collection and arranging site
access.
NR 37
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 57
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 128
BP 114
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.12.010
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AA4ZR
UT WOS:000331105700008
ER
PT J
AU Fetouh, HA
Abdel-Fattah, TM
El-Tantawy, MS
AF Fetouh, Howida A.
Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.
El-Tantawy, Mohamed S.
TI Novel Plant Extracts as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for 7075-T6 Aluminium
Alloy in an Aqueous Medium
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alloys; Electrochemical techniques; Adsorption; Corrosion
ID ACID CORROSION; MILD-STEEL; ADSORPTION; RESISTANCE; IRON
AB The effect of aqueous extracts of Damsissa, Lupine and Halfa-bar on the corrosion of 7075-T6 aluminium alloy in an aqueous solution of 0.5M sodium chloride has been studied employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The impedance (Nyquist) plots manifested that the dissolution process is controlled by charge transfer from anodic to cathodic sites. The polarization curves showed that the three extracts act as cathodic inhibitors. Inhibitive mechanism was discussed assuming the adsorption of the three extracts on the electrode surface. Theoretical fitting of Langmuir, Flory-Huggins adsorption isotherms and the kinetic-thermodynamic model were tested to clarify the adsorption mechanism.
C1 [Fetouh, Howida A.; El-Tantawy, Mohamed S.] Univ Alexandria, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
[Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.] Christopher Newport Univ, Appl Res Ctr, Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Abdel-Fattah, Tarek M.] Christopher Newport Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Chem, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Fetouh, HA (reprint author), Univ Alexandria, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, POB 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
EM mohamed.tantawy1@gmail.com
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 18
PU ESG
PI BELGRADE
PA BORIVOJA STEVANOVICA 25-7, BELGRADE, 11000, SERBIA
SN 1452-3981
J9 INT J ELECTROCHEM SC
JI Int. J. Electrochem. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 3
BP 1565
EP 1582
PG 18
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA AA6FM
UT WOS:000331194200040
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, SJ
Sabharwall, P
Kim, ES
AF Yoon, Su-Jong
Sabharwall, Piyush
Kim, Eung-Soo
TI Numerical study on crossflow printed circuit heat exchanger for advanced
small modular reactors
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Crossflow; Heat exchanger; PCHE; Analytical model; Thermal design; Cost
estimation; Advanced SMR
AB Various fluids such as water, gases (helium), molten-salts (FLiNaK, FLiBe) and liquid metal (sodium) are used as a coolant of advanced small modular reactors (SMRs). The printed-circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) has been adopted as the intermediate and/or secondary heat exchanger of SMR systems because this heat exchanger is compact and effective. The size and cost of PCHE can be changed by the coolant type of each SMR. In this study, the crossflow PCHE analysis code for advanced small modular reactor has been developed for the thermal design and cost estimation of the heat exchanger. The analytical solution of single-pass, both unmixed fluids crossflow heat exchanger model was employed to calculate a two-dimensional temperature profile of a crossflow PCHE. The analytical solution of crossflow heat exchanger was simply implemented by using built-in function of the MATLAB program. The effect of fluid property uncertainty on the calculation results was evaluated. In addition, the effect of heat transfer correlations on the calculated temperature profile was analyzed by taking into account possible combinations of primary and secondary coolants in the SMR systems. Size and cost of heat exchanger were evaluated for the given temperature requirement of each SMR. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yoon, Su-Jong; Sabharwall, Piyush] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Kim, Eung-Soo] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Yoon, SJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM sujong.yoon@inl.gov
FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Korean government (MSIP),
under DOE Idaho Operations Office [2012-052255, DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea
(NRF) and grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (Grant code:
2012-052255), under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
EI 1879-2189
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 250
EP 263
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.10.079
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA AA0VF
UT WOS:000330814800027
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, KM
Calfee, MW
Wood, JP
Mickelsen, L
Attwood, B
Clayton, M
Touati, A
Delafield, R
AF Meyer, K. M.
Calfee, M. W.
Wood, J. P.
Mickelsen, L.
Attwood, B.
Clayton, M.
Touati, A.
Delafield, R.
TI Fumigation of a laboratory-scale HVAC system with hydrogen peroxide for
decontamination following a biological contamination incident
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; SURFACES; SPORES; VAPOR; STERILIZATION; STEEL
C1 [Meyer, K. M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Meyer, K. M.; Calfee, M. W.; Wood, J. P.; Attwood, B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Mickelsen, L.] US EPA, Off Emergency Management, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Clayton, M.; Touati, A.; Delafield, R.] Arcadis G&M, Durham, NC USA.
RP Calfee, MW (reprint author), US EPA, MD E343-06 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM calfee.worth@epa.gov
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1364-5072
EI 1365-2672
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 3
BP 533
EP 541
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AA8GV
UT WOS:000331334500006
PM 24279292
ER
PT J
AU Chaudhuri, A
Sinha, DN
Zalte, A
Pereyra, E
Webb, C
Gonzalez, ME
AF Chaudhuri, Anirban
Sinha, Dipen N.
Zalte, Abhijit
Pereyra, Eduardo
Webb, Charles
Gonzalez, Manuel E.
TI Mass Fraction Measurements in Controlled Oil-Water Flows Using
Noninvasive Ultrasonic Sensors
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID SEPARATION DYNAMICS; VOLUME FRACTION; CRUDE-OIL; EMULSIONS; ATTENUATION;
CAPACITANCE; CORIOLIS; VELOCITY; METER; PROBE
AB Controlled flow rate tests using mixtures of crude oil and water at different mass fractions were carried out in a flow loop at the University of Tulsa. A noninvasive acoustic method developed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was applied to calculate the mass and volume fractions of oil and water in the mixed two-phase flow by measuring the speed of sound through the composite fluid mixture along with the instantaneous temperature. The densities and sound speeds in each fluid component were obtained in advance for calibration at various temperatures, and the fitting coefficients were used in the final algorithm. In this paper, we present composition measurement results using the acoustic technique from LANL for different mixture ratios of crude oil and water and at varying flow rates and a comparison of the results from the acoustics-based method with those from Coriolis meters that measured individual mass flow rates prior to mixing. The mean difference between the two metering techniques was observed to be less than 1.4% by weight and is dependent on the total flow rates. A Monte Carlo analysis of the error due to calibration uncertainty has also been included.
C1 [Chaudhuri, Anirban; Sinha, Dipen N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Zalte, Abhijit; Pereyra, Eduardo] McDougall Sch Petr, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
[Webb, Charles] San Joaquin Valley Business Unit, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA.
[Gonzalez, Manuel E.] Chevron ETC, Houston, TX 77002 USA.
RP Chaudhuri, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM anirban@lanl.gov; sinha@lanl.gov; abhijit-zalte@utulsa.edu;
eduardo-pereyra@utulsa.edu; charles.webb@chevron.com;
gonzame@chevron.com
OI Sinha, Dipen/0000-0002-3606-7907
FU Chevron USA Inc.
FX This work was supported by Chevron USA Inc.
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 20
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
EI 1528-901X
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 3
AR 031304
DI 10.1115/1.4026055
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AB0JG
UT WOS:000331477200013
ER
PT J
AU Wu, XJ
Wendel, M
Chahine, G
Riemer, B
AF Wu, Xiongjun
Wendel, Mark
Chahine, Georges
Riemer, Bernie
TI Gas Bubble Size Measurements in Liquid Mercury Using an Acoustic
Spectrometer
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
AB A properly dispersed population of small bubbles can mitigate cavitation damage to a spallation neutron source target. In order to measure such a bubble population, an acoustic device was developed and implemented in a mercury loop at ORNL. The instrument generated pulses of various frequencies and measured their acoustic propagation in the bubbly medium. It then deduced sound speed and attenuation at the various frequencies and used an inverse problem solver to provide near real-time measurements of bubble size distribution and void fraction. The measurements were then favorably compared with an optical method.
C1 [Wu, Xiongjun; Chahine, Georges] Dynaflow Inc, Jessup, MD 20794 USA.
[Wendel, Mark; Riemer, Bernie] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wu, XJ (reprint author), Dynaflow Inc, 10621-J Iron Bridge Rd, Jessup, MD 20794 USA.
EM wxj@dynaflow-inc.com; wendelmw@ornl.gov; glchahine@dynaflow-inc.com;
riemerbw@ornl.gov
OI Riemer, Bernard/0000-0002-6922-3056; chahine,
georges/0000-0003-1610-3314
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER84840]
FX This study was conducted under support from the US Department of Energy,
SBIR No. DE-FG02-07ER84840 awarded to Dynaflow, Inc. We are very
grateful for this support.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
EI 1528-901X
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 3
AR 031303
DI 10.1115/1.4026440
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AB0JG
UT WOS:000331477200012
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SY
Skorpenske, H
Stoica, AD
An, K
Wang, XL
Noyan, IC
AF Lee, Seung-Yub
Skorpenske, Harley
Stoica, Alexandru D.
An, Ke
Wang, Xun-Li
Noyan, I. C.
TI Measurement of Interface Thermal Resistance With Neutron Diffraction
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE thermal resistance; buried interface; neutron diffraction
ID DIAMOND-SILICON BOUNDARIES; CONTACT CONDUCTANCE; KAPITZA RESISTANCE;
RIETVELD REFINEMENT; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURES;
DIFFUSIVITY; FILMS; SOLIDS
AB A noncontact, nondestructive neutron diffraction technique for measuring thermal resistance of buried material interfaces in bulk samples, inaccessible to thermocouple measurements, is described. The technique uses spatially resolved neutron diffraction measurements to measure temperature, and analytical or numerical methods to calculate the corresponding thermal resistance. It was tested at the VULCAN instrument of the Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratories on a stack of three 6061 alloy aluminum plates (heat-source, middle-plate, and heat-sink), held in dry thermal contact, at low pressure, in ambient air. The results agreed with thermocouple-based measurements. This technique is applicable to all crystalline materials and most interface configurations, and it can be used for the characterization of thermal resistance across interfaces in actual engineering parts under nonambient conditions and/or in moving/rotating systems.
C1 [Lee, Seung-Yub; Noyan, I. C.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Skorpenske, Harley; Stoica, Alexandru D.; An, Ke] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wang, Xun-Li] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Lee, SY (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM sl3274@columbia.edu; skorpenskehd@ornl.gov; stoicaad@ornl.gov;
kean@ornl.gov; xlwang@cityu.edu.hk; icn2@columbia.edu
RI An, Ke/G-5226-2011; Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013;
OI An, Ke/0000-0002-6093-429X; Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134; Wang,
Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777
FU NSF [DMR-0520547]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Li Li and Dr. Ling Yang for
assistance in data collection, Dr. Sean Polvino, Mr. Mikhail Treger, and
Ms. Hande Ozturk for helpful discussion on instrument resolution, Mr.
Adrian M. Chitu for AFM measurement, and Ms. Rebecca A. Mills for help
with the sample set-up. Experiments were conducted at the Spallation
Neutron Source which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by
the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. This research utilized a part of
DANSE software supported by the NSF Award No. DMR-0520547.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 31
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-1481
EI 1528-8943
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 3
AR 031302
DI 10.1115/1.4025500
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA AB0IB
UT WOS:000331474100002
ER
PT J
AU deCamp, A
Hraber, P
Bailer, RT
Seaman, MS
Ochsenbauer, C
Kappes, J
Gottardo, R
Edlefsen, P
Self, S
Tang, HL
Greene, K
Gao, HM
Daniell, X
Sarzotti-Kelsoe, M
Gorny, MK
Zolla-Pazner, S
LaBranche, CC
Mascola, JR
Korber, BT
Montefiori, DC
AF deCamp, Allan
Hraber, Peter
Bailer, Robert T.
Seaman, Michael S.
Ochsenbauer, Christina
Kappes, John
Gottardo, Raphael
Edlefsen, Paul
Self, Steve
Tang, Haili
Greene, Kelli
Gao, Hongmei
Daniell, Xiaoju
Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella
Gorny, Miroslaw K.
Zolla-Pazner, Susan
LaBranche, Celia C.
Mascola, John R.
Korber, Bette T.
Montefiori, David C.
TI Global Panel of HIV-1 Env Reference Strains for Standardized Assessments
of Vaccine-Elicited Neutralizing Antibodies
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES;
HIV-1-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; POTENT NEUTRALIZATION; BROAD NEUTRALIZATION;
CROSS-REACTIVITY; CD4-BINDING SITE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; RATIONAL DESIGN;
V3 DOMAIN
AB Standardized assessments of HIV-1 vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses are complicated by the genetic and antigenic variability of the viral envelope glycoproteins (Envs). To address these issues, suitable reference strains are needed that are representative of the global epidemic. Several panels have been recommended previously, but no clear answers have been available on how many and which strains are best suited for this purpose. We used a statistical model selection method to identify a global panel of reference Env clones from among 219 Env-pseudotyped viruses assayed in TZM-bl cells with sera from 205 HIV-1-infected individuals. The Envs and sera were sampled globally from diverse geographic locations and represented all major genetic subtypes and circulating recombinant forms of the virus. Assays with a panel size of only nine viruses adequately represented the spectrum of HIV-1 serum neutralizing activity seen with the larger panel of 219 viruses. An optimal panel of nine viruses was selected and augmented with three additional viruses for greater genetic and antigenic coverage. The spectrum of HIV-1 serum neutralizing activity seen with the final 12-virus panel closely approximated the activity seen with subtype-matched viruses. Moreover, the final panel was highly sensitive for detection of many of the known broadly neutralizing antibodies. For broader assay applications, all 12 Env clones were converted to infectious molecular clones using a proviral backbone carrying a Renilla luciferase reporter gene (Env. IMC. LucR viruses). This global panel should facilitate highly standardized assessments of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies across multiple HIV-1 vaccine platforms in different parts of the world.
IMPORTANCE
An effective HIV-1 vaccine will need to overcome the extraordinary genetic variability of the virus, where most variation occurs in the viral envelope glycoproteins that are the sole targets for neutralizing antibodies. Efforts to elicit broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies that will protect against infection by most circulating strains of the virus are guided in part by in vitro assays that determine the ability of vaccine-elicited antibodies to neutralize genetically diverse HIV-1 variants. Until now, little information was available on how many and which strains of the virus are best suited for this purpose. We applied robust statistical methods to evaluate a large neutralization data set and identified a small panel of viruses that are a good representation of the global epidemic. The neutralization properties of this new panel of reference strains should facilitate the development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
C1 [deCamp, Allan; Gottardo, Raphael; Edlefsen, Paul; Self, Steve] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
[Hraber, Peter; Korber, Bette T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Bailer, Robert T.; Mascola, John R.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Seaman, Michael S.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Ctr Virol & Vaccine Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Ochsenbauer, Christina; Kappes, John] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Kappes, John] Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Tang, Haili; Greene, Kelli; Gao, Hongmei; Daniell, Xiaoju; Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella; LaBranche, Celia C.; Montefiori, David C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Gorny, Miroslaw K.; Zolla-Pazner, Susan] NYU, Dept Pathol, Langone Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Zolla-Pazner, Susan] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Ctr AIDS & HIV Infect, New York, NY USA.
RP Montefiori, DC (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM monte@duke.edu
OI Gorny, Miroslaw/0000-0002-2714-8780; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757;
Hraber, Peter/0000-0002-2920-4897
FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [38619, 1032144]; Intramural Research
Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH; Virology Core of the
Birmingham Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) [AI27767]
FX This work was funded by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
(Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery no. 38619 and 1032144) and by
the Intramural Research Program of the Vaccine Research Center, NIAID,
NIH. This work was further supported by the Virology Core of the
Birmingham Center for AIDS Research (CFAR, AI27767).
NR 85
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U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 5
BP 2489
EP 2507
DI 10.1128/JVI.02853-13
PG 19
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA AA5JK
UT WOS:000331131700012
PM 24352443
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, KM
Morton, DP
Pan, F
Smith, JC
AF Sullivan, Kelly M.
Morton, David P.
Pan, Feng
Smith, J. Cole
TI Securing a border under asymmetric information
SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE cutting planes; asymmetric information; network interdiction
ID STOCHASTIC NETWORK INTERDICTION; PATH
AB We study a stochastic interdiction model of Morton et al. IIE Transactions, 39 (2007):3-14 that locates radiation sensors at border crossings to detect and prevent the smuggling of nuclear material. In this model, an interdictor places sensors at customs checkpoints to minimize a potential smuggler's maximum probability of crossing a border undetected. We focus on a model variant in which the interdictor has different, and likely more accurate, perceptions of the system's parameters than the smuggler does. We introduce a model that is tighter and uses fewer constraints than that of Morton et al. We also develop a class of valid inequalities along with a corresponding separation procedure that can be used within a cutting-plane approach to reduce computational effort. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.Copyright (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 91-100, 2014
C1 [Sullivan, Kelly M.; Smith, J. Cole] Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Morton, David P.] Univ Texas Austin, Grad Program Operat Res & Ind Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Pan, Feng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Smith, JC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM cole@ise.left.edu
RI Morton, David/K-2388-2014
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0653916, CMMI-0800676, CMMI-1100765];
Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-08-1-0029, BRCALL08-A-2-0030,
HDTRA1-10-1-0050]; US Department of Homeland Security
[2008-DN-077-ARI021-04]
FX This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation through
grants CMMI-0653916, CMMI-0800676, and CMMI-1100765, the Defense Threat
Reduction Agency through grants HDTRA1-08-1-0029, BRCALL08-A-2-0030, and
HDTRA1-10-1-0050, and the US Department of Homeland Security under Grant
Award Number 2008-DN-077-ARI021-04. The views and conclusions contained
in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted
as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or
implied, of the US Department of Homeland Security. The authors are very
grateful for the remarks of two anonymous referees and an associate
editor, whose input helped to improve the presentation of this paper.
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0894-069X
EI 1520-6750
J9 NAV RES LOG
JI Nav. Res. Logist.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 91
EP 100
DI 10.1002/nav.21567
PG 10
WC Operations Research & Management Science
SC Operations Research & Management Science
GA AA8WF
UT WOS:000331375000001
ER
PT J
AU Gosink, LJ
Hogan, EA
Pulsipher, TC
Baker, NA
AF Gosink, Luke J.
Hogan, Emilie A.
Pulsipher, Trenton C.
Baker, Nathan A.
TI Bayesian model aggregation for ensemble-based estimates of protein pK(a)
values
SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PH MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; APPARENT DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; POISSON-BOLTZMANN
EQUATION; STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE; IONIZABLE GROUPS; HYDROPHOBIC
INTERIOR; STRUCTURAL ORIGINS; RESIDUES; REGRESSION; PREDICTION
C1 [Gosink, Luke J.; Pulsipher, Trenton C.; Baker, Nathan A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Analyt Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Hogan, Emilie A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Baker, NA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Analyt Div, POB 999,MSID K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM nathan.baker@pnnl.gov
RI Baker, Nathan/A-8605-2010
OI Baker, Nathan/0000-0002-5892-6506
FU National Biomedical Computational Resource (NIH) [P41 RR0860516]; NIH
[R01 GM069702]
FX Grant sponsor: National Biomedical Computational Resource (NIH); Grant
number: P41 RR0860516; Grant sponsor: NIH; Grant number: R01 GM069702.
NR 73
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-3585
EI 1097-0134
J9 PROTEINS
JI Proteins
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 354
EP 363
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA AA8TP
UT WOS:000331368200002
PM 23946048
ER
PT J
AU Wenke, BB
Lecomte, JTJ
Heroux, AH
Schlessman, JL
AF Wenke, Belinda B.
Lecomte, Juliette T. J.
Heroux, Annie H.
Schlessman, Jamie L.
TI The 2/2 hemoglobin from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp PCC 7002
with covalently attached heme: Comparison of X-ray and NMR structures
SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRUNCATED HEMOGLOBINS; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION; MONOMERIC
HEMOGLOBIN; LIGAND-BINDING; SP PCC-7002; PROTEIN; VALIDATION;
REFINEMENT; MYOGLOBIN; DYNAMICS
C1 [Wenke, Belinda B.; Lecomte, Juliette T. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, TC Jenkins Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Heroux, Annie H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Schlessman, Jamie L.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
RP Schlessman, JL (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, 572M Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
EM schlessm@usna.edu
FU National Science Foundation [MCB 0843439]
FX Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; grant number: MCB 0843439
(to J.T.J.L.).
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-3585
EI 1097-0134
J9 PROTEINS
JI Proteins
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 528
EP 534
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA AA8TP
UT WOS:000331368200017
PM 23999883
ER
PT J
AU Sleiman, M
Kirchstetter, TW
Berdahl, P
Gilbert, HE
Quelen, S
Marlot, L
Preble, CV
Chen, S
Montalbano, A
Rosseler, O
Akbari, H
Levinson, R
Destaillats, H
AF Sleiman, Mohamad
Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
Berdahl, Paul
Gilbert, Haley E.
Quelen, Sarah
Marlot, Lea
Preble, Chelsea V.
Chen, Sharon
Montalbano, Amandine
Rosseler, Olivier
Akbari, Hashem
Levinson, Ronnen
Destaillats, Hugo
TI Soiling of building envelope surfaces and its effect on solar
reflectance - Part II: Development of an accelerated aging method for
roofing materials
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cool roofs; Soiling; Weathering; Natural exposure; Accelerated aging;
Soot
ID PARTICULATE MATTER; COOL ROOFS; COATINGS; LIMESTONE; COLONIZATION;
FACADES; CARBON; CYANOBACTERIA; CLEANABILITY; COMMUNITIES
AB Highly reflective roofs can decrease the energy required for building air conditioning, help mitigate the urban heat island effect, and slow global warming. However, these benefits are diminished by soiling and weathering processes that reduce the solar reflectance of most roofing materials. Soiling results from the deposition of atmospheric particulate matter and the growth of microorganisms, each of which absorb sunlight. Weathering of materials occurs with exposure to water, sunlight, and high temperatures. This study developed an accelerated aging method that incorporates features of soiling and weathering. The method sprays a calibrated aqueous soiling mixture of dust minerals, black carbon, humic acid, and salts onto preconditioned coupons of roofing materials, then subjects the soiled coupons to cycles of ultraviolet radiation, heat and water in a commercial weatherometer. Three soiling mixtures were optimized to reproduce the site-specific solar spectral reflectance features of roofing products exposed for 3 years in a hot and humid climate (Miami, Florida); a hot and dry climate (Phoenix, Arizona); and a polluted atmosphere in a temperate climate (Cleveland, Ohio). A fourth mixture was designed to reproduce the three-site average values of solar reflectance and thermal emittance attained after 3 years of natural exposure, which the Cool Roof Rating Council (CRRC) uses to rate roofing products sold in the US. This accelerated aging method was applied to 25 products-single ply membranes, factory and field applied coatings, tiles, modified bitumen cap sheets, and asphalt shingles-and reproduced in 3 days the CRRC's 3-year aged values of solar reflectance. This accelerated aging method can be used to speed the evaluation and rating of new cool roofing materials. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sleiman, Mohamad; Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Berdahl, Paul; Gilbert, Haley E.; Quelen, Sarah; Marlot, Lea; Preble, Chelsea V.; Chen, Sharon; Montalbano, Amandine; Rosseler, Olivier; Levinson, Ronnen; Destaillats, Hugo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Heat Isl Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Preble, Chelsea V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Akbari, Hashem] Concordia Univ, Dept Bldg Civil & Environm Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Destaillats, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Heat Isl Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM HDestaillats@LBL.gov
OI Quelen, Sarah/0000-0003-2493-6543
FU Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office of
the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office of the US Department
of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors thank Marc
La France, Karma Sawyer, Patrick Phelan and Alexis Abramson of the
Department of Energy (Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Building Technologies Office) for program management and support; and
Riccardo Paolini (Politecnico de Milano) and George Ban-Weiss
(University of Southern California) for valuable suggestions. The
authors also recognize the significant support from several industrial
collaborators, who provided the roofing samples for natural exposure and
laboratory testing, and contributed invaluable feedback and suggestions
to improve the accelerated aging method.
NR 69
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U1 2
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 122
BP 271
EP 281
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.11.028
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AB0PI
UT WOS:000331494200036
ER
PT J
AU Tang, J
Fernandez-Garcia, I
Vijayakumar, S
Martinez-Ruis, H
Illa-Bochaca, I
Nguyen, DH
Mao, JH
Costes, SV
Barcellos-Hoff, MH
AF Tang, Jonathan
Fernandez-Garcia, Ignacio
Vijayakumar, Sangeetha
Martinez-Ruis, Haydeliz
Illa-Bochaca, Irineu
Nguyen, David H.
Mao, Jian-Hua
Costes, Sylvain V.
Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen
TI Irradiation of Juvenile, but not Adult, Mammary Gland Increases Stem
Cell Self-Renewal and Estrogen Receptor Negative Tumors
SO STEM CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionizing radiation; Notch; Breast cancer; Epithelial-mesenchymal
transition; Multiscale; In silico modeling; Mammary stem cell;
Transforming growth factor beta
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; BREAST-CANCER; MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION;
IONIZING-RADIATION; INITIATING CELLS; TGF-BETA; IN-VIVO;
MICROENVIRONMENT; CARCINOGENESIS; ACTIVATION
AB Children exposed to ionizing radiation have a substantially greater breast cancer risk than adults; the mechanism for this strong age dependence is not known. Here we show that pubertal murine mammary glands exposed to sparsely or densely ionizing radiation exhibit enrichment of mammary stem cell and Notch pathways, increased mammary repopulating activity indicative of more stem cells, and propensity to develop estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors thought to arise from stem cells. We developed a mammary lineage agent-based model (ABM) to evaluate cell inactivation, self-renewal, or dedifferentiation via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as mechanisms by which radiation could increase stem cells. ABM rejected cell inactivation and predicted increased self-renewal would only affect juveniles while dedifferentiation could act in both juveniles and adults. To further test self-renewal versus dedifferentiation, we used the MCF10A human mammary epithelial cell line, which recapitulates ductal morphogenesis in humanized fat pads, undergoes EMT in response to radiation and transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and contains rare stem-like cells that are Let-7c negative or express both basal and luminal cytokeratins. ABM simulation of population dynamics of double cytokeratin cells supported increased self-renewal in irradiated MCF10A treated with TGF beta. Radiation-induced Notch concomitant with TGF beta was necessary for increased self-renewal of Let-7c negative MCF10A cells but not for EMT, indicating that these are independent processes. Consistent with these data, irradiating adult mice did not increase mammary repopulating activity or ER-negative tumors. These studies suggest that irradiation during puberty transiently increases stem cell self-renewal, which increases susceptibility to developing ER-negative breast cancer. Stem Cells 2014;32:649-661
C1 [Tang, Jonathan; Mao, Jian-Hua; Costes, Sylvain V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fernandez-Garcia, Ignacio; Vijayakumar, Sangeetha; Martinez-Ruis, Haydeliz; Illa-Bochaca, Irineu; Nguyen, David H.; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, New York, NY 10016 USA.
RP Barcellos-Hoff, MH (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, 566 First Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA.
EM svcostes@lbl.gov; mhbarcel-los-hoff@nyumc.org
RI Illa-Bochaca, Irineu/K-3191-2013;
OI Illa-Bochaca, Irineu/0000-0002-8039-565X; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary
Helen/0000-0002-5994-9558
FU NASA Specialized Center for Research in Radiation Health Effects
[NNX09AM52G]; DOE Low-Dose Radiation program
FX We thank Michael Gonzalez, William Chou and Jessica Chang for technical
assistance. This research was supported by NASA Specialized Center for
Research in Radiation Health Effects, NNX09AM52G and by DOE Low-Dose
Radiation program (M.H.B.H.).
NR 52
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Z9 15
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1066-5099
EI 1549-4918
J9 STEM CELLS
JI Stem Cells
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 3
BP 649
EP 661
DI 10.1002/stem.1533
PG 13
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology
SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology
GA AA9BR
UT WOS:000331389200005
PM 24038768
ER
PT J
AU Qu, J
Luo, HM
Chi, MF
Ma, C
Blau, PJ
Dai, S
Viola, MB
AF Qu, Jun
Luo, Huimin
Chi, Miaofang
Ma, Cheng
Blau, Peter J.
Dai, Sheng
Viola, Michael B.
TI Comparison of an oil-miscible ionic liquid and ZDDP as a lubricant
anti-wear additive
SO TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil-soluble ionic liquid; Lubricant additives; Tribo-film; ZDDP
ID STEEL/STEEL CONTACTS; PERFORMANCE; MECHANISM; AMMONIUM; ALLOYS
AB This paper reports the anti-scuffing/anti-wear behavior and mechanism of an oil-miscible ionic liquid (IL), trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, in a base oil at 1.0 wt% concentration under both room and elevated temperatures. Results are benchmarked against those for a conventional anti-wear additive, zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDP). Reciprocating sliding, boundary lubrication tests were conducted using a piston ring segment against a cylinder liner piece cut from actual automotive engine components. Although the IL and ZDDP worked equally well to prevent scuffing and reduce wear in the room-temperature tests, the IL significantly outperformed ZDDP in the 100 degrees C tests. The top surfaces and cross sections of the worn surfaces were characterized to reveal the morphology, thickness, nanostructure, and chemical composition of the IL-induced tribo-films. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Qu, Jun; Chi, Miaofang; Ma, Cheng; Blau, Peter J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Viola, Michael B.] Gen Motors Corp, Ctr Res & Dev, Detroit, MI USA.
RP Qu, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM qujn@ornl.gov
RI Ma, Cheng/C-9120-2014; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015; Dai,
Sheng/K-8411-2015;
OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Qu,
Jun/0000-0001-9466-3179
FU Vehicle Technologies Office, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, US Department of Energy (DOE)
FX The authors thank Dr. J.M. Storey, S.A. Lewis Sr., and D.W. Coffey of
ORNL for the pyrolysis analyses and TEM sample preparation,
respectively, and Dr. E. Bardasz from Lubrizol and A.G. Bro from
ExxonMobil for providing the ZDDP and the PAO base oil, respectively.
Research was sponsored by the Vehicle Technologies Office, Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, US Department of Energy (DOE).
The surface characterization work was supported
NR 32
TC 32
Z9 36
U1 6
U2 67
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-679X
EI 1879-2464
J9 TRIBOL INT
JI Tribol. Int.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 71
BP 88
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2013.11.010
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AA8MI
UT WOS:000331349200010
ER
PT J
AU Bachand, GD
Bouxsein, NF
VanDelinder, V
Bachand, M
AF Bachand, George D.
Bouxsein, Nathan F.
VanDelinder, Virginia
Bachand, Marlene
TI Biomolecular motors in nanoscale materials, devices, and systems
SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID MOLECULAR MOTORS; COUNTERCLOCKWISE MOTION; MICROTUBULE MOVEMENTS;
MEMBRANE NANOTUBES; SELF-ORGANIZATION; GLIDING MOTILITY; KINESIN MOTORS;
PHOTO-CONTROL; TRANSPORT; PROTEIN
AB Biomolecular motors are a unique class of intracellular proteins that are fundamental to a considerable number of physiological functions such as DNA replication, organelle trafficking, and cell division. The efficient transformation of chemical energy into useful work by these proteins provides strong motivation for their utilization as nanoscale actuators in ex vivo, meso- and macro-scale hybrid systems. Biomolecular motors involved in cytoskeletal transport are quite attractive models within this context due to their ability to direct the transport of nano-/micro-scale objects at rates significantly greater than diffusion, and in the absence of bulk fluid flow. As in living organisms, biomolecular motors involved in cytoskeletal transport (i.e., kinesin, dynein, and myosin) function outside of their native environment to dissipatively self-assemble biological, biomimetic, and hybrid nanostructures that exhibit nonequilibrium behaviors such as self-healing. These systems also provide nanofluidic transport function in hybrid nanodevices where target analytes are actively captured, sorted, and transported for autonomous sensing and analytical applications. Moving forward, the implementation of biomolecular motors will continue to enable a wide range of unique functionalities that are presently limited to living systems, and support the development of nanoscale systems for addressing critical engineering challenges. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Bachand, George D.; Bouxsein, Nathan F.; VanDelinder, Virginia; Bachand, Marlene] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Bachand, GD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM gdbacha@sandia.gov
OI Bachand, George/0000-0002-3169-9980
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [KC0203010]; U.S. Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Preparation of this manuscript was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences
and Engineering, Project KC0203010. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 96
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 7
U2 89
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1939-5116
EI 1939-0041
J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI
JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 2
BP 163
EP 177
DI 10.1002/wnan.1252
PG 15
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA AA6MD
UT WOS:000331211500004
PM 24523280
ER
PT J
AU Konemann, J
Parekh, O
Pritchard, D
AF Koenemann, Jochen
Parekh, Ojas
Pritchard, David
TI Multicommodity Flow in Trees: Packing via Covering and Iterated
Relaxation
SO ALGORITHMICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Multicommodity flow; Approximation algorithms; Iterated LP relaxation;
Polyhedral combinatorics
ID EDGE-DISJOINT PATHS; APPROXIMATION ALGORITHMS; INTEGER PROGRAMS; NETWORK
DESIGN; GRAPHS
AB We consider the max-weight integral multicommodity flow problem in trees. In this problem we are given an edge-, arc-, or vertex-capacitated tree and weighted pairs of terminals, and the objective is to find a max-weight integral flow between terminal pairs subject to the capacities. This problem is APX-hard and a 4-approximation for the edge- and arc-capacitated versions is known. Some special cases are exactly solvable in polynomial time, including when the graph is a path or a star.
We show that all three versions of this problems fit in a common framework: first, prove a counting lemma in order to use the iterated LP relaxation method; second, solve a covering problem to reduce the resulting infeasible solution back to feasibility without losing much weight. The result of the framework is a 1+O(1/mu)-approximation algorithm where mu denotes the minimum capacity, for all three versions. A complementary hardness result shows this is asymptotically best possible. For the covering analogue of multicommodity flow, we also show a 1+I similar to(1/mu) approximability threshold with a similar framework.
When the tree is a spider (i.e. only one vertex has degree greater than 2), we give a polynomial-time exact algorithm and a polyhedral description of the convex hull of all feasible solutions. This holds more generally for instances we call root-or-radial.
A preliminary version of this work appeared in Konemann et al. (Proc. 6th Int. Workshop Approx. & Online Alg. (WAOA), pp. 1-14, 2008).
C1 [Koenemann, Jochen] Univ Waterloo, Dept Combinator & Optimizat, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Parekh, Ojas] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Pritchard, David] Princeton Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Pritchard, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM dp6@cs.princeton.edu
NR 37
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0178-4617
EI 1432-0541
J9 ALGORITHMICA
JI Algorithmica
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 68
IS 3
BP 776
EP 804
DI 10.1007/s00453-012-9701-z
PG 29
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA AA3CG
UT WOS:000330969900011
ER
PT J
AU Favorite, JA
AF Favorite, Jeffrey A.
TI Spherical shields perturbed to ellipsoids in transport theory
SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Perturbation theory; Surface perturbation theory; Gamma rays
ID INTERNAL INTERFACE PERTURBATIONS
AB One-dimensional spheres are perturbed to ellipsoids, and perturbation theory for inhomogeneous transport problems is applied to estimate the leakage of an uncollided decay gamma ray, a neutron thermal capture gamma ray, and a neutron inelastic scatter gamma ray. Only the shielding is perturbed, not the source. The surface transformation function for the sphere-to-ellipsoid change-of-shape perturbation is derived. Schwinger, Roussopolos, and combined perturbation estimates are applied. The perturbation estimates are defined to estimate the total (4 pi) flux at an external spherical surface detector, and they were accurate for point-detector fluxes when the leakage estimated from a point detector was similar to the total external surface flux. For uncollided line fluxes, the Schwinger estimate worked very well when the response of interest was the total external surface flux, but perturbation theory did not work well when the response of interest was the flux measured at a single external point (unless extra care was taken to account for geometric effects). For thermal capture line fluxes, the Roussopolos estimate was extremely accurate for one point detector location but its accuracy depended on the detector location. For inelastic scatter line fluxes, the detector fluxes were relatively insensitive to the detector location and the perturbation estimates were fairly accurate. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Monte Carlo Methods Codes & Applicat XCP3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Favorite, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Monte Carlo Methods Codes & Applicat XCP3, MS F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM fave@lanl.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0306-4549
J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY
JI Ann. Nucl. Energy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 65
BP 376
EP 384
DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2013.11.011
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AA2IF
UT WOS:000330917600049
ER
PT J
AU Li, HJ
Pu, YQ
Kumar, R
Ragauskas, AJ
Wyman, CE
AF Li, Hongjia
Pu, Yunqiao
Kumar, Rajeev
Ragauskas, Arthur J.
Wyman, Charles E.
TI Investigation of Lignin Deposition on Cellulose During Hydrothermal
Pretreatment, Its Effect on Cellulose Hydrolysis, and Underlying
Mechanisms
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrothermal pretreatment; lignin droplets; deposition; enzymatic
hydrolysis; inhibition mechanisms
ID MILLED WOOD LIGNIN; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CORN STOVER; DILUTE-ACID;
LIGNOCELLULOSE FRACTIONATION; SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE; ETHANOL;
BIOMASS; ACCESSIBILITY; SUBSTRATE
AB In dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, lignin has been shown to form droplets that deposit on the cellulose surface and retard enzymatic digestion of cellulose (Donohoe et al., 2008; Selig et al., 2007). However, studies of this nature are limited for hydrothermal pretreatment, with the result that the corresponding mechanisms that inhibit cellulosic enzymes are not well understood. In this study, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and wet chemical analysis of solids formed by hydrothermal pretreatment of a mixture of Avicel cellulose and poplar wood showed that lignin droplets from poplar wood relocated onto the Avicel surface. In addition, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed higher S/G ratios in deposited lignin than the initial lignin in poplar wood. Furthermore, the lignin droplets deposited on Avicel significantly impeded cellulose hydrolysis. A series of tests confirmed that blockage of the cellulose surface by lignin droplets was the main cause of cellulase inhibition. The results give new insights into the fate of lignin in hydrothermal pretreatment and its effects on enzymatic hydrolysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 485-492. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Li, Hongjia; Kumar, Rajeev; Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Li, Hongjia; Kumar, Rajeev; Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Environm Res & Technol CE CERT, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Pu, Yunqiao; Ragauskas, Arthur J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Inst Paper Sci & Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Li, Hongjia; Pu, Yunqiao; Kumar, Rajeev; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Wyman, Charles E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Wyman, CE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Bourns Coll Engn, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
EM charles.wyman@ucr.edu
OI Kumar, Rajeev/0000-0001-7523-0108; Pu, Yunqiao/0000-0003-2554-1447;
Ragauskas, Arthur/0000-0002-3536-554X
FU BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)
FX Contract grant sponsor: BioEnergy Science Center (BESC)
NR 36
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 9
U2 112
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0006-3592
EI 1097-0290
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 3
BP 485
EP 492
DI 10.1002/bit.25108
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AA4IO
UT WOS:000331059500006
PM 24037461
ER
PT J
AU Pol, VG
Wen, JG
Lau, KC
Callear, S
Bowron, DT
Lin, CK
Deshmukh, SA
Sankaranarayanan, S
Curtiss, LA
David, WIF
Miller, DJ
Thackeray, MM
AF Pol, Vilas G.
Wen, Jianguo
Lau, Kah Chun
Callear, Samantha
Bowron, Daniel T.
Lin, Chi-Kai
Deshmukh, Sanket A.
Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian
Curtiss, Larry A.
David, William I. F.
Miller, Dean J.
Thackeray, Michael M.
TI Probing the evolution and morphology of hard carbon spheres
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID LI-ION BATTERIES; ANODE MATERIAL; PRESSURE CARBONIZATION; HOLLOW CARBON;
SPHERULES; MICROSTRUCTURE; POLYETHYLENE; MECHANISM; STORAGE; ORDER
AB Monodispersed hard carbon spheres can be synthesized quickly and reproducibly by autogenic reactions of hydrocarbon precursors, notably polyethylene (including plastic waste), at high temperature and pressure. The carbon microparticles formed by this reaction have a unique spherical architecture, with a dominant internal nanometer layered motif, and they exhibit diamond-like hardness and electrochemical properties similar to graphite. In the present study, in situ monitoring by X-ray diffraction along with electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, neutron pair-distribution function analysis, and computational modeling has been used to elucidate the morphology and evolution of the carbon spheres that form from the autogenic reaction of polyethylene at high temperature and pressure. A mechanism is proposed on how polyethylene evolves from a linear chain-based material to a layered carbon motif. Heating the spheres to 2400-2800 degrees C under inert conditions increases their graphitic character, particularly at the surface, which enhances their electrochemical and tribological properties. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pol, Vilas G.; Lin, Chi-Kai; Thackeray, Michael M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Wen, Jianguo; Lau, Kah Chun; Curtiss, Larry A.; Miller, Dean J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Callear, Samantha; Bowron, Daniel T.; David, William I. F.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[David, William I. F.] Univ Oxford, Inorgan Chem Lab, Oxford OX1 3QR, England.
[Deshmukh, Sanket A.; Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Thackeray, MM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM thackeray@anl.gov
RI lin, chikai/D-4986-2014; Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013;
OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397; Bowron, Daniel/0000-0002-4557-1929
FU Center for Electrical Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research
Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the Center for Electrical Energy Storage, an
Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of facilities at the Center for Nanoscale
Materials, Electron Microscopy Center and the Advanced Photon Source,
Argonne National Laboratory, USA, all supported by the Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, and at ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK are
gratefully acknowledged. ConocoPhillips is thanked for heating the
carbon spheres at 2800 degrees C. We acknowledge grants of computer time
through allocations on the CNM Carbon Cluster at Argonne National
Laboratory, the ALCF Fusion Cluster at Argonne National Laboratory, and
the EMSL Chinook Cluster at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 14
U2 104
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 68
BP 104
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.10.059
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AA0UZ
UT WOS:000330814200009
ER
PT J
AU Thunga, M
Chen, K
Grewell, D
Kessler, MR
AF Thunga, Mahendra
Chen, Keke
Grewell, David
Kessler, Michael R.
TI Bio-renewable precursor fibers from lignin/polylactide blends for
conversion to carbon fibers
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGNIN; POLY(L-LACTIDE); CRYSTALLIZATION
AB Lignin, a highly aromatic biopolymer extracted as a coproduct of wood pulping, was investigated as a suitable precursor for carbon fibers. Lignin was chemically modified and blended with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biopolymer before melt spinning into lignin fibers. The chemical modification of raw lignin involved butyration to form ester functional groups in place of polar,hydroxyl (-OH) groups, which enhanced the miscibility of lignin with PLA. Fine fibers were extracted and spooled continuously from lignin/PLA blends with an overall lignin concentration of 75 wt.%. The influence of chemical modification and physical blending of lignin with PLA on the resulting fiber was studied by analyzing the microstructure of the fibers using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of blend composition on the phase behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of composition on the mechanical properties was studied by tensile tests of the lignin/PLA blend fibers. The thermal stability and carbon yield of the blended fibers with different concentrations of lignin were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The microstructure analysis of carbon fibers produced from lignin/PLA blends revealed composition dependent microporous structures inside the fine fibers. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Thunga, Mahendra; Chen, Keke; Kessler, Michael R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Thunga, Mahendra; Kessler, Michael R.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Grewell, David] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Kessler, Michael R.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Kessler, MR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM mkessler@iastate.edu
RI Kessler, Michael/C-3153-2008
OI Kessler, Michael/0000-0001-8436-3447
FU Iowa Alliance for Wind Innovation and Novel Development (IAWIND);
Siemens Wind Energy
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Iowa Alliance
for Wind Innovation and Novel Development (IAWIND) and Siemens Wind
Energy for funding this research work.
NR 28
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 13
U2 104
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 68
BP 159
EP 166
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.10.075
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AA0UZ
UT WOS:000330814200015
ER
PT J
AU Asahina, D
Kim, K
Li, Z
Bolander, JE
AF Asahina, Daisuke
Kim, Kunhwi
Li, Zhen
Bolander, John E.
TI Flow field calculations within discrete models of multiphase materials
SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Interface/interphase; Environmental degradation; Computational modeling;
Mass transport
ID INTERFACIAL TRANSITION ZONE; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; CHLORIDE DIFFUSION;
MOISTURE DIFFUSION; CEMENT COMPOSITES; CRACKED CONCRETE; LATTICE MODELS;
FRACTURE; SIMULATION; DAMAGE
AB Mass transport in composite materials is affected by the properties of the constituent phases and their interfaces. This paper presents a discrete (lattice) model for simulating mass transport within multiphase materials. The lattice is based on Delaunay/Voronoi tessellations of a semi-random set of points. Fundamental properties of the lattice network are validated for potential flow through homogeneous media. Thereafter, flow is simulated through multiphase particulate materials, in which the inclusions have simple geometries. Explicit representation of the matrix-inclusion interphase enables precise control of interphase thickness and the simulation of percolation phenomena. As expected, interphase percolation leads to dramatic increases in effective permeability of the medium. The ability to calculate nodal flux, and from it visualize complex flow fields, is essential for model validation and model-based engineering of multiphase materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Asahina, Daisuke] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kim, Kunhwi] Yonsei Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Li, Zhen] HDR Engn Inc, Folsom, CA 95630 USA.
[Bolander, John E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Bolander, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jebolander@ucdavis.edu
FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation
of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
[357-2011-1-D00227]
FX The work of the second author was supported by Basic Science Research
Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded
by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
(357-2011-1-D00227).
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1359-8368
EI 1879-1069
J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG
JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 58
BP 293
EP 302
DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.10.043
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AA0XO
UT WOS:000330820900036
ER
PT J
AU Wu, Z
Bei, H
Otto, F
Pharr, GM
George, EP
AF Wu, Z.
Bei, H.
Otto, F.
Pharr, G. M.
George, E. P.
TI Recovery, recrystallization, grain growth and phase stability of a
family of FCC-structured multi-component equiatomic solid solution
alloys
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alloy design; Solid-solution hardening; Recrystallization and recovery;
Microstructure; Diffraction
ID HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS; STACKING-FAULT ENERGY; RESOLVED SHEAR-STRESS;
SECONDARY RECRYSTALLIZATION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; MICROSTRUCTURE;
SEPARATION; SYSTEM; COPPER
AB The equiatomic high-entropy alloy FeNiCoCrMn is known to crystallize as a single phase with the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure. To better understand this quinary solid solution alloy, we investigate various binary, ternary and quaternary alloys made from its constituent elements. Our goals are twofold: (i) to investigate which of these lower order systems also form solid solution alloys consisting of a single FCC phase, and (ii) to characterize their phase stability and recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth behaviors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron images showed that three of the five possible quaternaries (FeNiCoCr, FeNiCoMn and NiCoCrMn), five of the ten possible ternaries (FeNiCo, FeNiCr, FeNiMn, NiCoCr, and NiCoMn), and two of the ten possible binaries (FeNi and NiCo) were single-phase FCC solid solutions in the cast and homogenized condition, whereas the others either had different crystal structures or were multi-phase. The single-phase FCC quaternary, FeNiCoCr, along with its equiatomic ternary and binary subsidiaries, were selected for further investigations of phase stability and the thermomechanical processing needed to obtain equiaxed grain structures. Only four of these subsidiary alloys-two binaries (FeNi and NiCo) and two ternaries (FeNiCo and NiCoCr)-were found to be single-phase FCC after rolling at room temperature followed by annealing for 1 h at temperatures of 300-1100 degrees C. Pure Ni, which is FCC and one of the constituents of the quinary high-entropy alloy (FeNiCoCrMn), was also investigated for comparison with the higher order alloys. Among the materials investigated after thermomechanical processing (FeNiCoCr, FeNiCo, NiCoCr, FeNi, NiCo, and Ni), FeNiCo and Ni showed abnormal grain growth at relatively low annealing temperatures, while the other four showed normal grain growth behavior. The grain growth exponents for all five of the equiatomic alloys were found to be similar to 0.25 (compared to similar to 0.5 for unalloyed Ni), suggesting that solute drag may control grain growth in the alloys. For all five alloys, as well as for pure Ni, microhardness increases as the grain size decreases in a Hall-Petch type way. The ternary alloy NiCoCr was the hardest of the alloys investigated in this study, even when compared to the quaternary FeNiCoCr alloy. This suggests that solute hardening in equiatomic alloys depends not just on the number of alloying elements but also their type. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, Z.; Otto, F.; Pharr, G. M.; George, E. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Bei, H.; Otto, F.; Pharr, G. M.; George, E. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP George, EP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM georgeep@ornl.gov
RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014;
OI Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
through a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. FO
also received funding from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through
a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship.
NR 53
TC 102
Z9 102
U1 32
U2 162
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 46
BP 131
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2013.10.024
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AA3WA
UT WOS:000331024700022
ER
PT J
AU Shvartsburg, AA
Ibrahim, YM
Smith, RD
AF Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.
Ibrahim, Yehia M.
Smith, Richard D.
TI Differential Ion Mobility Separations in up to 100 % Helium Using
Microchips
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ion mobility spectrometry; Differential ion mobility spectrometry;
FAIMS; Peptides; Lipids
ID SPECTROMETRY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; DRIFT-GAS POLARIZABILITY; CARRIER GASES;
ANALYZERS; PEPTIDES; FAIMS; PERFORMANCE; CONFORMERS; PROTEINS; FIELDS
AB The performance of differential IMS (FAIMS) analyzers is much enhanced by gases comprising He, especially He/N-2 mixtures. However, electrical breakdown has limited the He fraction to similar to 50 %-75 %, depending on the field strength. By the Paschen law, the threshold field for breakdown increases at shorter distances. This allows FAIMS using chips with microscopic channels to utilize much stronger field intensities (E) than "full-size" analyzers with wider gaps. Here we show that those chips can employ higher He fractions up to 100 %. Use of He-rich gases improves the resolution and resolution/sensitivity balance substantially, although less than for full-size analyzers. The optimum He fraction is similar to 80 %, in line with first-principles theory. Hence, one can now measure the dependences of ion mobility on E in pure He, where ion-molecule cross section calculations are much more tractable than in other gases that form deeper and more complex interaction potentials. This capability may facilitate quantitative modeling of high-field ion mobility behavior and, thus, FAIMS separation properties, which would enable a priori extraction of structural information about the ions.
C1 [Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.; Ibrahim, Yehia M.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Shvartsburg, AA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM alexandre.shvartsburg@pnnl.gov
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349
FU PNNL Technology Assistance Program, PNNL Technology Commercialization
Office, NIGMS [8 P41 GM103493-10]; USDOE OBER
FX The authors thank Owlstone for providing their FAIMS stages, Dr. Keqi
Tang, Ronald Moore, Karl Weitz, and Dr. Danielle Toutoungi for major
experimental help, Dr. Giorgis Mezengie for the lipid sample, Professor
Helen Cooper (University of Birmingham, UK) for the phosphopeptide
sample, and Bruce Harrer for useful discussions. This work was supported
in part by the PNNL Technology Assistance Program, PNNL Technology
Commercialization Office, NIGMS (8 P41 GM103493-10), and the USDOE OBER,
and carried out in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a
DOE national scientific user facility at PNNL.
NR 43
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1044-0305
EI 1879-1123
J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR
JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 3
BP 480
EP 489
DI 10.1007/s13361-013-0797-4
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry,
Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA AA1BS
UT WOS:000330831900020
PM 24402673
ER
PT J
AU Merkley, ED
Metz, TO
Smith, RD
Baynes, JW
Frizzell, N
AF Merkley, Eric D.
Metz, Thomas O.
Smith, Richard D.
Baynes, John W.
Frizzell, Norma
TI THE SUCCINATED PROTEOME
SO MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; NRF2 ANTIOXIDANT PATHWAY; GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS;
GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; MITOCHONDRIAL STRESS;
CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE;
MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SIGNALING PATHWAY
C1 [Merkley, Eric D.; Metz, Thomas O.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Baynes, John W.; Frizzell, Norma] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Neurosci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Frizzell, N (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Neurosci, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd,VA Bldg 1,3rd Floor, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM norma.frizzell@uscmed.sc.edu
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Merkley, Eric/0000-0002-5486-4723
FU National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases Research
Grants [DK071283, DK19971]; American Diabetes Association Junior Faculty
Award [1-11-JF-13]; NIH NIGMS P41 BTRC [RR185220, GM103493-10]
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive and
Kidney Diseases Research Grants; Contract grant numbers: DK071283,
DK19971; Contract grant sponsor: American Diabetes Association Junior
Faculty Award; Contract grant number: 1-11-JF-13; Contract grant
sponsor: NIH NIGMS P41 BTRC; Contract grant numbers: RR185220,
GM103493-10.
NR 67
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0277-7037
EI 1098-2787
J9 MASS SPECTROM REV
JI Mass Spectrom. Rev.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 2
SI SI
BP 98
EP 109
PG 12
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA AA7QS
UT WOS:000331292600002
PM 24115015
ER
PT J
AU Dendy, JE
AF Dendy, J. E., Jr.
TI Multigrid methods 2013
SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Dendy, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jed@lanl.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1070-5325
EI 1099-1506
J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR
JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 175
EP 176
DI 10.1002/nla.1929
PG 2
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA AA6OB
UT WOS:000331216600001
ER
PT J
AU Vassilevski, PS
Yang, UM
AF Vassilevski, Panayot S.
Yang, Ulrike Meier
TI Reducing communication in algebraic multigrid using additive variants
SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE multiplicative multigrid; additive implementation; parallelism; reduced
communication
ID PARALLEL; PRECONDITIONERS; INTERPOLATION; SOLVER
AB Algebraic multigrid (AMG) has proven to be an effective scalable solver on many high performance computers; however, its increasing communication complexity on coarser levels has shown to seriously impact its performance on computers with high communication cost. Additive AMG variants provide not only increased parallelism as well as decreased numbers of messages per cycle but also generally exhibit slower convergence. We present various new additive variants with convergence rates that are significantly improved compared to the classical additive algebraic multigrid method and investigate their potential for decreased communication, and improved communication-computation overlap, features that are essential for good performance on future exascale architectures. Published 2014. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Vassilevski, Panayot S.; Yang, Ulrike Meier] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Yang, UM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-561, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM umyang@llnl.gov
FU Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program; US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing
Research (and Basic Energy Sciences/Biological and Environmental
Research/High Energy Physics/Fusion Energy Sciences/Nuclear Physics);
Applied Mathematics Program, DOE ASCR; US Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Partial support for this work was provided through Scientific Discovery
through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program funded by US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research (and
Basic Energy Sciences/Biological and Environmental Research/High Energy
Physics/Fusion Energy Sciences/Nuclear Physics) and by Applied
Mathematics Program, DOE ASCR.; This work performed under the auspices
of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1070-5325
EI 1099-1506
J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR
JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 275
EP 296
DI 10.1002/nla.1928
PG 22
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA AA6OB
UT WOS:000331216600007
ER
PT J
AU Escamilla-Trevino, L
Shen, H
Hernandez, T
Yin, YB
Xu, Y
Dixon, R
AF Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.
Shen, Hui
Hernandez, Timothy
Yin, Yanbin
Xu, Ying
Dixon, Richard A.
TI Early lignin pathway enzymes and routes to chlorogenic acid in
switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phenylpropanoid pathway; Lignin; Flavonoids; Chlorogenic acid
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; FERMENTABLE SUGAR YIELDS; MEDICAGO-SATIVA
L.; DOWN-REGULATION; PHENYLPROPANOID BIOSYNTHESIS;
FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; HYDROXYCINNAMOYL-COENZYME; MONOLIGNOL
BIOSYNTHESIS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES
AB Studying lignin biosynthesis in Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) has provided a basis for generating plants with reduced lignin content and increased saccharification efficiency. Chlorogenic acid (CGA, caffeoyl quinate) is the major soluble phenolic compound in switchgrass, and the lignin and CGA biosynthetic pathways potentially share intermediates and enzymes. The enzyme hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HQT) is responsible for CGA biosynthesis in tobacco, tomato and globe artichoke, but there are no close orthologs of HQT in switchgrass or in other monocotyledonous plants with complete genome sequences. We examined available transcriptomic databases for genes encoding enzymes potentially involved in CGA biosynthesis in switchgrass. The protein products of two hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) genes (PvHCT1a and PvHCT2a), closely related to lignin pathway HCTs from other species, were characterized biochemically and exhibited the expected HCT activity, preferring shikimic acid as acyl acceptor. We also characterized two switchgrass coumaroyl shikimate 3'-hydroxylase (C3'H) enzymes (PvC3'H1 and PvC3'H2); both of these cytochrome P450s had the capacity to hydroxylate 4-coumaroyl shikimate or 4-coumaroyl quinate to generate caffeoyl shikimate or CGA. Another switchgrass hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, PvHCT-Like1, is phylogenetically distant from HCTs or HQTs, but exhibits HQT activity, preferring quinic acid as acyl acceptor, and could therefore function in CGA biosynthesis. The biochemical features of the recombinant enzymes, the presence of the corresponding activities in plant protein extracts, and the expression patterns of the corresponding genes, suggest preferred routes to CGA in switchgrass.
C1 [Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.; Shen, Hui; Hernandez, Timothy; Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.
[Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.; Shen, Hui; Hernandez, Timothy; Yin, Yanbin; Xu, Ying; Dixon, Richard A.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Escamilla-Trevino, Luis L.; Shen, Hui; Dixon, Richard A.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
RP Dixon, R (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, 1155 Union Circle 305220, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM Richard.Dixon@unt.edu
FU BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research
Center; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE
Office of Science
FX We thank Drs. Jerome Verdier and Lina Gallego-Giraldo for critical
reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by the BioEnergy
Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center
supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the
DOE Office of Science.
NR 41
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 55
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-4412
EI 1573-5028
J9 PLANT MOL BIOL
JI Plant Mol.Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 4-5
BP 565
EP 576
DI 10.1007/s11103-013-0152-y
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
GA AA3HG
UT WOS:000330982900015
PM 24190737
ER
PT J
AU Kim, WC
Reca, IB
Kim, Y
Park, S
Thomashow, M
Keegstra, K
Han, KH
AF Kim, Won-Chan
Reca, Ida-Barbara
Kim, YongSig
Park, Sunchung
Thomashow, Michael F.
Keegstra, Kenneth
Han, Kyung-Hwan
TI Transcription factors that directly regulate the expression of CSLA9
encoding mannan synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana
SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE CSLA9; Mannan synthase; MYB46; Transcription factor
ID SECONDARY WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; PLANT-CELL WALL; CELLULOSE SYNTHASES;
FAMILY-MEMBERS; DIRECT TARGET; GENE FAMILY; MYB46; POLYSACCHARIDES;
IDENTIFICATION; SUPERFAMILY
AB Mannans are hemicellulosic polysaccharides that have a structural role and serve as storage reserves during plant growth and development. Previous studies led to the conclusion that mannan synthase enzymes in several plant species are encoded by members of the cellulose synthase-like A (CSLA) gene family. Arabidopsis has nine members of the CSLA gene family. Earlier work has shown that CSLA9 is responsible for the majority of glucomannan synthesis in both primary and secondary cell walls of Arabidopsis inflorescence stems. Little is known about how expression of the CLSA9 gene is regulated. Sequence analysis of the CSLA9 promoter region revealed the presence of multiple copies of a cis-regulatory motif (M46RE) recognized by transcription factor MYB46, leading to the hypothesis that MYB46 (At5g12870) is a direct regulator of the mannan synthase CLSA9. We obtained several lines of experimental evidence in support of this hypothesis. First, the expression of CSLA9 was substantially upregulated by MYB46 overexpression. Second, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to demonstrate the direct binding of MYB46 to the promoter of CSLA9 in vitro. This interaction was further confirmed in vivo by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Finally, over-expression of MYB46 resulted in a significant increase in mannan content. Considering the multifaceted nature of MYB46-mediated transcriptional regulation of secondary wall biosynthesis, we reasoned that additional transcription factors are involved in the CSLA9 regulation. This hypothesis was tested by carrying out yeast-one hybrid screening, which identified ANAC041 and bZIP1 as direct regulators of CSLA9. Transcriptional activation assays and EMSA were used to confirm the yeast-one hybrid results. Taken together, we report that transcription factors ANAC041, bZIP1 and MYB46 directly regulate the expression of CSLA9.
C1 [Kim, Won-Chan; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Kim, Won-Chan; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Kim, Won-Chan; Reca, Ida-Barbara; Keegstra, Kenneth; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Kim, Won-Chan; Park, Sunchung; Thomashow, Michael F.; Keegstra, Kenneth] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Han, KH (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, 126 Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM hanky@msu.edu
FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER
DR-FC02-07ER64494]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of
Korea via the World Class University Project at Chonnam National
University [R31-2009-000-20025-0]; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and
Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021]
FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE Office of Science BER DR-FC02-07ER64494) and in part by the
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea via the World
Class University Project at Chonnam National University
(R31-2009-000-20025-0). Construction of the PRL TF-AD library was funded
by Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
(award number DE-FG02-91ER20021) to MFT. The authors would like to thank
Linda Danhof and Joshua Temple at the Arabidopsis Service Center of the
Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) at Michigan State
University for technical help in genotyping T-DNA insertion lines and
transformation of Arabidopsis, Cliff Foster at the Cell Wall Analytical
Platform of the GLBRC at Michigan State University for technical help in
analysis of matrix neutral monosaccharide composition.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-4412
EI 1573-5028
J9 PLANT MOL BIOL
JI Plant Mol.Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 4-5
BP 577
EP 587
DI 10.1007/s11103-013-0154-9
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences
GA AA3HG
UT WOS:000330982900016
PM 24243147
ER
PT J
AU Klymko, C
Sullivan, BD
Humble, TS
AF Klymko, Christine
Sullivan, Blair D.
Humble, Travis S.
TI Adiabatic quantum programming: minor embedding with hard faults
SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantum computing; Adiabatic quantum optimization; Graph embedding;
Fault-tolerant computing
ID ALGORITHMS; TREEWIDTH
AB Adiabatic quantum programming defines the time-dependent mapping of a quantum algorithm into an underlying hardware or logical fabric. An essential step is embedding problem-specific information into the quantum logical fabric. We present algorithms for embedding arbitrary instances of the adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm into a square lattice of specialized unit cells. These methods extend with fabric growth while scaling linearly in time and quadratically in footprint. We also provide methods for handling hard faults in the logical fabric without invoking approximations to the original problem and illustrate their versatility through numerical studies of embeddability versus fault rates in square lattices of complete bipartite unit cells. The studies show that these algorithms are more resilient to faulty fabrics than naive embedding approaches, a feature which should prove useful in benchmarking the adiabatic quantum optimization algorithm on existing faulty hardware.
C1 [Klymko, Christine] Emory Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Sullivan, Blair D.; Humble, Travis S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Humble, TS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM cklymko@emory.edu; blair_sullivan@ncsu.edu; humblets@ornl.gov
FU Lockheed Martin Corporation [NFE-11-03394]; U.S. Government
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work was supported by the Lockheed Martin Corporation under
Contract No. NFE-11-03394. The authors thank Greg Tallant (Lockheed) for
technical interchange and Daniel Pack (ORNL) for help preparing Fig. 2.
This manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government
under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government
retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S.
Government purposes.
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1570-0755
EI 1573-1332
J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS
JI Quantum Inf. Process.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 3
BP 709
EP 729
DI 10.1007/s11128-013-0683-9
PG 21
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA AA6IN
UT WOS:000331202100009
ER
PT J
AU Dzyuba, A
Cooley, LD
AF Dzyuba, A.
Cooley, L. D.
TI Combined effects of cold work and chemical polishing on the absorption
and release of hydrogen from SRF cavities inferred from resistance
measurements of cavity-grade niobium bars
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE supercondictivity; niobium; SRF cavity; electropolishing; linear
collider
ID PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; HYDRIDE PRECIPITATION; SYSTEM; RESISTIVITY;
DIFFUSION; NB; INTERSTITIALS; EMBRITTLEMENT; DISLOCATIONS; NITROGEN
AB A series of small fine-grained and single-crystal bars, with strain from 0% (recrystallized) to 50%, were given different amounts of chemical polishing. Four-point resistivity (rho) data was used to characterize the electron scattering from dislocations, hydrogen, and any other trace contaminants. As noted by previous studies, annealed Nb displayed a weak linear increase of rho (11 K) with polishing time due to hydrogen absorption, and bulk hydrogen concentration did not exceed 15% for 200 mu m metal removed. Cold-worked samples displayed steeper slopes with polishing time (after subtracting resistivity due to strain alone), suggesting that dislocations assist the absorption of hydrogen during polishing. Absorption accelerated above 30% strain and 100 mu m material removal, with room-temperature hydrogen concentration rising rapidly from 2% up to 5%. This threshold is significant, since superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities are usually polished as-formed, with > 35% strain, and polishing removes > 150 mu m of metal. Resistance jumps between 40 and 150 K, which signal the formation of hydride precipitates, were stronger in cold-worked samples, suggesting that dislocations also assist precipitate nucleation. High-vacuum anneals at 800 degrees C for 2 h, which are known to fully recrystallize cavity-grade niobium and de-gas hydrogen, removed the 40-150 K jumps and recovered the resistivity increase due to chemical polishing entirely. But, about 30% of the resistivity increase due to cold work remained, possibly due to residual dislocation clusters. Continued annealing only facilitated the diffusion of surface impurities into the bulk and did not recover the initial 0% state. Strain, polishing, and annealing thus appear to combine as irreversible paths that change the material. Bearing this in mind, the significant difference in hydrogen uptake between annealed and cold-worked samples suggests that annealing SRF cavities prior to chemical polishing could greatly reduce hydrogen uptake and storage in the metal, reducing risk of quality-factor loss. This inverts key steps of the present widely-used cavity processing sequence.
C1 [Dzyuba, A.; Cooley, L. D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Superconducting Mat Dept, Tech Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Dzyuba, A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
RP Dzyuba, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Superconducting Mat Dept, Tech Div, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM dzyuba@fnal.gov
RI Cooley, Lance/E-7377-2015
OI Cooley, Lance/0000-0003-3488-2980
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
FX Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. The
authors would like to thank D Ford, A Romanenko, F Barkov, and H
Padamsee for stimulating discussions. Chemical work was carried out with
the kind assistance of D Hicks, R Schuessler, and C Thompson. Heat
treatment work has been aided by A Rowe, D Bice and M Wong.
NR 62
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
EI 1361-6668
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 3
AR 035001
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/27/3/035001
PG 12
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AA5OK
UT WOS:000331149100001
ER
PT J
AU Masson, Y
Pride, SR
AF Masson, Yder
Pride, Steven R.
TI A Fast Algorithm for Invasion Percolation
SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Two-phase flow; Invasion percolation; Numerical simulation
ID POROUS-MEDIA; MODEL; FLOW
AB We present a computationally fast Invasion Percolation (IP) algorithm. IP is a numerical approach for generating realistic fluid distributions for quasi-static (i.e., slow) immiscible fluid invasion in porous media. The algorithm proposed here uses a binary-tree data structure to identify the site (pore) connected to the invasion cluster that is the next to be invaded. Gravity is included. Trapping is not explicitly treated in the numerical examples but can be added, for example, using a Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm. Computation time to percolation for a 3D system having total sites and invaded sites at percolation goes as for the proposed binary-tree algorithm and as for a standard implementation of IP that searches through all of the uninvaded sites at each step. The relation between and is , where is the fractal dimension of an infinite cluster and is Euclidean space dimension. In numerical practice, on finite-sized cubic lattices with invasion structures influenced by the injection boundary and boundary conditions lateral to the flow direction, we observe the scaling in 3D (valid through the second decimal place) instead of based on the infinite cluster fractal dimension D = 2.53.
C1 [Masson, Yder] Inst Phys Globe Paris, Paris, France.
[Pride, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pride, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM masson@ipgp.fr; srpride@lbl.gov
OI masson, yder/0000-0001-6884-8823
FU Center for Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2, an Energy Frontier
Research Center; LBNL Geophysics Cluster; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-05CH11231];
European Community's 7th Framework Program (FP-7-IDEAS-ERC), ERC
Advanced Grant (WAVETOMO)
FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the Center for
Nanoscale Control of Geologic CO2, an Energy Frontier Research Center
and as part of the LBNL Geophysics Cluster, both funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
under Award Number DE-ACO2-05CH11231. Y. Masson has recently been
supported through the European Community's 7th Framework Program
(FP-7-IDEAS-ERC), ERC Advanced Grant (WAVETOMO).
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0169-3913
EI 1573-1634
J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED
JI Transp. Porous Media
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 102
IS 2
BP 301
EP 312
DI 10.1007/s11242-014-0277-8
PG 12
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA AA3IC
UT WOS:000330985100009
ER
PT J
AU Yan, MQ
Korshin, GV
Chang, HS
AF Yan, Mingquan
Korshin, Gregory V.
Chang, Hyun-Shik
TI Examination of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation in source waters:
A study using log-transformed differential spectra
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Absorbance; DBPs; Dissolved organic matter (DOM); Halogenation;
Log-transformation
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; DRINKING-WATER;
TRIHALOMETHANE FORMATION; ABSORBENCY SPECTROSCOPY; NOM CHLORINATION; THM
FORMATION; BINDING; MODELS; GENOTOXICITY
AB Formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in ten drinking source waters located in the United States was examined in this study. DBP generation was interpreted in the context of halogenation-induced changes of log-transformed absorbance spectra of dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in the waters. This approach allows probing the behavior of relatively minor structures that can be highly sensitive towards any process of interest, notably DOM halogenation. This concept was applied to examine effects of chlorination time on the kinetics of chlorine consumption and release of several DBP groups such as total trihalomethanes (THM4, including CHCl3, CHCl2Br, CHClBr2 and CHBr3), haloacetic acids (HAA(9), including MCAA, MBAA, DCAA, TCAA, BCAA, DBAA, BDCAA, DBCAA and TBAA), haloacetonitriles (THAN(4), including TCAN, DCAN, BCAN and DBAN), haloketones (HK2, including DCP and TCP), chloral hydrate (CH) and chloropicrin (CPN). Two alternative parameters, namely the differential logarithm of DOM absorbance at 350 nm (DLnA(350)) and change of the spectral slope in the range of wavelengths 325-375 nm (DSlope(325-375)) were introduced to quantify individual DBP species formed and Cl-2 consumption. DLnA(350) and DSlope(325-375), especially DLnA(350) were determined to be more reliable than differential absorbance at 272 nm that was utilized in prior applications of differential spectroscopy to characterize DBP formation. Strong linear relationships between DLnA(350) values and concentrations of major groups of and individual DBP species (e.g. THM4, HAA(9), HAN(4) and CPN were found to exist (mostly, R-2 > 0.95) and the intercept of these correlations with the y-axis was near zero for the examined water sources. Correlations between DLnA(350) values and concentrations of CH and HK2 were also strong but they were nonlinear. The slope of the correlations between the concentrations of major groups of DBP species vs-DLnA(350) were also well correlated with SUVA(254) and LnA(350) for all the examined source waters. It indicates that log-transformations of the absorbance spectra of surface water and parameters based on such transformations (e.g., DLnA(350) and DSlope(325-375)) have a potential to provide an alternative reliable approach to monitor the halogenation of DOM and attendant formation of individual DBP species. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yan, Mingquan] Peking Univ, Key Lab Water & Sediment Sci, Dept Environm Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Korshin, Gregory V.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Chang, Hyun-Shik] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
RP Yan, MQ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM yanmq@pku.edu.cn
FU American Water Works Association Research Foundation [2597]; China NSF
[21277005]
FX This study was supported by American Water Works Association Research
Foundation (Project #2597). Further work on the results was supported by
China NSF (grant 21277005). The views represented in this publication do
not necessarily represent those of the funding agencies. The authors are
grateful to Professor Mark M. Benjamin for his advice and critique of
the manuscript.
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 10
U2 94
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 50
BP 179
EP 188
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.11.028
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AA2FD
UT WOS:000330909600018
PM 24374129
ER
PT J
AU Bhat, R
Bissell, MJ
AF Bhat, Ramray
Bissell, Mina J.
TI Of plasticity and specificity: dialectics of the microenvironment and
macroenvironment and the organ phenotype
SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GLAND BRANCHING MORPHOGENESIS;
EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN BREAST CELLS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX;
BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; 3-DIMENSIONAL CULTURE;
CANCER-CELLS
AB The study of biological form and how it arises is the domain of the developmental biologists; but once the form is achieved, the organ poses a fascinating conundrum for all the life scientists: how are form and function maintained in adult organs throughout most of the life of the organism? That they do appears to contradict the inherently plastic nature of organogenesis during development. How do cells with the same genetic information arrive at, and maintain such different architectures and functions, and how do they keep remembering that they are different from each other? It is now clear that narratives based solely on genes and an irreversible regulatory dynamics cannot answer these questions satisfactorily, and the concept of microenvironmental signaling needs to be added to the equation. During development, cells rearrange and differentiate in response to diffusive morphogens, juxtacrine signals, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). These components, which constitute the modular microenvironment, are sensitive to cues from other tissues and organs of the developing embryo as well as from the external macroenvironment. On the other hand, once the organ is formed, these modular constituents integrate and constrain the organ architecture, which ensures structural and functional homeostasis and therefore, organ specificity. We argue here that a corollary of the above is that once the organ architecture is compromised in adults by mutations or by changes in the microenvironment such as aging or inflammation, that organ becomes subjected to the developmental and embryonic circuits in search of a new identity. But since the microenvironment is no longer embryonic, the confusion leads to cancer: hence as we have argued, tumors become new evolutionary organs perhaps in search of an elusive homeostasis. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Bhat, Ramray; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Canc & DNA Damage Responses, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Canc & DNA Damage Responses, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mjbissell@lbl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, OBER Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and Low Dose Scientific Focus Area; National Cancer Institute;
Breast Cancer Research Foundation; U.S. Department of Defense; Susan G.
Komen for the Cure
FX The work from M.J.B.'s laboratory has been supported by grants from the
U.S. Department of Energy, OBER Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and Low Dose Scientific Focus Area, by multiple grants from the
National Cancer Institute, by a grant from Breast Cancer Research
Foundation, and by two 'Innovator awards' from the U.S. Department of
Defense. R.B. is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from Susan G.
Komen for the Cure. The authors would like to thank Stuart A. Newman,
Irene Kuhn, Joni Mott, Kandice Tanner, and the two anonymous reviewers
of the first submission of this essay, for critical reading of this
essay and providing helpful suggestions.
NR 131
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1759-7684
EI 1759-7692
J9 WIRES DEV BIOL
JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Dev. Biol.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 3
IS 2
BP 147
EP 163
DI 10.1002/wdev.130
PG 17
WC Developmental Biology
SC Developmental Biology
GA AA4GJ
UT WOS:000331053700001
PM 24719287
ER
PT J
AU Bedewi, AEL
Miller, L
AF Bedewi, Ahmed E. L.
Miller, Lisa
TI Discrimination Between Paraffin-Embedded and Frozen Skin Sections Using
Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Frozen; Paraffin; Synchrotron; SIRM
ID SPECTROSCOPY; CELLS
AB The difference between paraffin-embedded and frozen skin sections is always questionable. Ten patients of early stage mycosis fungoides, ten patients with psoriasis and ten normal controls were included in this study. Aim of this study is to differentiate between paraffin-embedded and frozen skin sections in inflammatory and malignant dermatoses using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (SIRM). It was found that epidermal beta sheets in paraffin-embedded sections were higher in a highly significant manner than frozen sections (P < 0.001). Also, epidermal nucleic acids in paraffin-embedded sections were lower in a highly significant manner than frozen sections (P < 0.001). However, when various skin diseases were compared with the control. It was found that the difference between paraffin-embedded and frozen skin sections were almost similar. In conclusion SIRM is a unique promising diagnostic technique and it seems that frozen processing preserve skin tissue more, this was represented by less apoptosis (beta sheets) and more nucleic acids than paraffin processing. However, there are still many advantages of both approaches over the other depending on the goal of the study.
C1 [Bedewi, Ahmed E. L.] Egyptian Atom Energy Author, Natl Ctr Radiat Res & Technol, Dermatol Sect, Cairo, Egypt.
[Bedewi, Ahmed E. L.; Miller, Lisa] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Bedewi, AEL (reprint author), Egyptian Atom Energy Author, Natl Ctr Radiat Res & Technol, Dermatol Sect, Cairo, Egypt.
EM aelbedewi@gmail.com
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3149
EI 1573-3904
J9 INT J PEPT RES THER
JI Int. J. Pept. Res. Ther.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 1
BP 13
EP 17
DI 10.1007/s10989-013-9361-0
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 302XO
UT WOS:000330638600002
ER
PT J
AU Gevorgyan, SA
Zubillaga, O
de Seoane, JMV
Machado, M
Parlak, EA
Tore, N
Voroshazi, E
Aernouts, T
Mullejans, H
Bardizza, G
Taylor, N
Verhees, W
Kroon, JM
Morvillo, P
Minarini, C
Roca, F
Castro, FA
Cros, S
Lechene, B
Trigo, JF
Guillen, C
Herrero, J
Zimmermann, B
Sapkota, SB
Veit, C
Wurfel, U
Tuladhar, PS
Durrant, JR
Winter, S
Rousu, S
Valimaki, M
Hinrichs, V
Cowan, SR
Olson, DC
Sommer-Larsen, P
Krebs, FC
AF Gevorgyan, Suren A.
Zubillaga, Oihana
Maria Vega de Seoane, Jose
Machado, Maider
Parlak, Elif Alturk
Tore, Nesrin
Voroshazi, Eszter
Aernouts, Tom
Muellejans, Harald
Bardizza, Giorgio
Taylor, Nigel
Verhees, Wiljan
Kroon, Jan M.
Morvillo, Pasquale
Minarini, Carla
Roca, Francesco
Castro, Fernando A.
Cros, Stephane
Lechene, Balthazar
Trigo, Juan F.
Guillen, Cecilia
Herrero, Jose
Zimmermann, Birger
Sapkota, Subarna Babu
Veit, Clemens
Wuerfel, Uli
Tuladhar, Pabitra S.
Durrant, James R.
Winter, Stefan
Rousu, Sanna
Valimaki, Marja
Hinrichs, Volker
Cowan, Sarah R.
Olson, Dana C.
Sommer-Larsen, Peter
Krebs, Frederik C.
TI Round robin performance testing of organic photovoltaic devices
SO RENEWABLE ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Organic photovoltaic; Round robin; I-V characterization; Standard
testing conditions; Intercomparability
ID INTER-LABORATORY COLLABORATION; VARIETY; DEGRADATION; STABILITY;
POLYMER; CELL
AB This study addresses the issue of poor intercomparability of measurements of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices among different laboratories. We present a round robin performance testing of novel OPV devices among 16 laboratories, organized within the framework of European Research Infrastructure Project (SOPHIA) and European Energy Research Alliance (EERA). Three types of OPVs with different structures, dimensions and encapsulations are studied and compared with reference Si solar cells certified by accredited laboratories. The agreement of the measurements of these among different laboratories is analyzed by focusing on testing procedures, testing equipment and sample designs. A number of deviations and pitfalls are revealed and based on the analyses, a set of recommendations are suggested for improving the agreement among the measurements of such OPV technologies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gevorgyan, Suren A.; Sommer-Larsen, Peter; Krebs, Frederik C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Energy Convers & Storage, CLOP, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Zubillaga, Oihana; Maria Vega de Seoane, Jose; Machado, Maider] TECNALIA Res & Innovat, San Sebastian 20009, Spain.
[Parlak, Elif Alturk; Tore, Nesrin] Natl Metrol Inst, TUBITAK, TR-41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
[Voroshazi, Eszter; Aernouts, Tom] IMEC, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
[Muellejans, Harald; Bardizza, Giorgio; Taylor, Nigel] European Solar Test Installat, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
[Verhees, Wiljan; Kroon, Jan M.] ECN Solliance, NL-5656 AE Eindhoven, Netherlands.
[Morvillo, Pasquale; Minarini, Carla; Roca, Francesco] Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Sviluppo Econ, ENEA, I-80055 Portici, Italy.
[Castro, Fernando A.] Natl Phys Lab, Div Mat, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Cros, Stephane; Lechene, Balthazar] CEA DRT LITEN DTS LMPV, Natl Inst Solar Energy INES, F-73377 Le Bourget Du Lac, France.
[Trigo, Juan F.; Guillen, Cecilia; Herrero, Jose] CIEMAT, Renewable Energy Div, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Zimmermann, Birger; Sapkota, Subarna Babu; Veit, Clemens; Wuerfel, Uli] Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst ISE, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.
[Tuladhar, Pabitra S.; Durrant, James R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Plast Elect, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Tuladhar, Pabitra S.; Durrant, James R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Winter, Stefan] PTB, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Rousu, Sanna; Valimaki, Marja] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Oulu 90570, Finland.
[Hinrichs, Volker] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Cowan, Sarah R.; Olson, Dana C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Gevorgyan, SA (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Energy Convers & Storage, CLOP, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
EM surg@dtu.dk
RI Guillen, Cecilia/H-8019-2013; Herrero, Jose/K-2711-2014; Trigo,
Juan/C-3750-2008; Castro, Fernando/A-4253-2008;
OI Guillen, Cecilia/0000-0002-7928-8240; Herrero, Jose/0000-0002-2680-7019;
Trigo, Juan/0000-0001-5842-6918; Castro, Fernando/0000-0002-2409-8300;
Gevorgyan, Suren/0000-0001-9906-5485; Wurfel, Uli/0000-0003-4151-8538;
Krebs, Frederik C/0000-0003-1148-4314
FU European Research Infrastructure (SOPHIA); European Energy Research
Alliance (EERA); EUDP [64011-0002]; UK Department for Business,
Innovation and Skills
FX European Research Infrastructure (SOPHIA) and European Energy Research
Alliance (EERA) are acknowledged for the support; This work has been
supported by EUDP (j.no. 64011-0002); Komlan Anika is acknowledged for
performing the measurements at ESTI; This work has been supported by the
UK Department for Business, Innovation and Skills; Antonio Romano and
Aniello Borriello are acknowledged for technical support at ENEA.
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 49
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0960-1481
J9 RENEW ENERG
JI Renew. Energy
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 63
BP 376
EP 387
DI 10.1016/j.renene.2013.09.034
PG 12
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels
GA 300TY
UT WOS:000330488100043
ER
PT J
AU Frank, M
Carlson, DB
Hunter, MS
Williams, GJ
Messerschmidt, M
Zatsepin, NA
Barty, A
Benner, WH
Chu, KQ
Graf, AT
Hau-Riege, SP
Kirian, RA
Padeste, C
Pardini, T
Pedrini, B
Segelke, B
Seibert, MM
Spence, JCH
Tsai, CJ
Lane, SM
Li, XD
Schertler, G
Boutet, S
Coleman, M
Evans, JE
AF Frank, Matthias
Carlson, David B.
Hunter, Mark S.
Williams, Garth J.
Messerschmidt, Marc
Zatsepin, Nadia A.
Barty, Anton
Benner, W. Henry
Chu, Kaiqin
Graf, Alexander T.
Hau-Riege, Stefan P.
Kirian, Richard A.
Padeste, Celestino
Pardini, Tommaso
Pedrini, Bill
Segelke, Brent
Seibert, M. Marvin
Spence, John C. H.
Tsai, Ching-Ju
Lane, Stephen M.
Li, Xiao-Dan
Schertler, Gebhard
Boutet, Sebastien
Coleman, Matthew
Evans, James E.
TI Femtosecond X-ray diffraction from two-dimensional protein crystals
SO IUCRJ
LA English
DT Article
DE two-dimensional protein crystal; femtosecond crystallography; single
layer X-ray diffraction; membrane protein
ID BACTERIORHODOPSIN; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTALLIZATION; MONOLAYERS; MODEL
AB X-ray diffraction patterns from two-dimensional (2-D) protein crystals obtained using femtosecond X-ray pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) are presented. To date, it has not been possible to acquire transmission X-ray diffraction patterns from individual 2-D protein crystals due to radiation damage. However, the intense and ultrafast pulses generated by an XFEL permit a new method of collecting diffraction data before the sample is destroyed. Utilizing a diffract-before-destroy approach at the Linac Coherent Light Source, Bragg diffraction was acquired to better than 8.5 angstrom resolution for two different 2-D protein crystal samples each less than 10 nm thick and maintained at room temperature. These proof-of-principle results show promise for structural analysis of both soluble and membrane proteins arranged as 2-D crystals without requiring cryogenic conditions or the formation of three-dimensional crystals.
C1 [Frank, Matthias; Hunter, Mark S.; Benner, W. Henry; Graf, Alexander T.; Hau-Riege, Stefan P.; Pardini, Tommaso; Segelke, Brent; Coleman, Matthew] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Carlson, David B.; Evans, James E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Williams, Garth J.; Messerschmidt, Marc; Seibert, M. Marvin; Boutet, Sebastien] Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Zatsepin, Nadia A.; Spence, John C. H.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Barty, Anton; Kirian, Richard A.] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Chu, Kaiqin; Lane, Stephen M.] Ctr Biophoton, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
[Padeste, Celestino; Pedrini, Bill; Tsai, Ching-Ju; Li, Xiao-Dan; Schertler, Gebhard] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Evans, James E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Frank, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM frank1@llnl.gov; james.evans@pnnl.gov
RI Schertler, Gebhard/M-9512-2014;
OI Seibert, Mark Marvin/0000-0003-0251-0744; Coleman,
Matthew/0000-0003-1389-4018; Schertler, Gebhard F.X./0000-0002-5846-6810
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]; UCOP Lab Fee Program [118036]; NIH [5RC1GM091755];
NSF award [MCB-1021557]; NSF STC award [1231306]; LLNL Lab-Directed
Research and Development Project [012-ERD-031]; PNNL Chemical Imaging
Initiative; Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, NSF Science
and Technology Center [PHY0120999]
FX Work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344
and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute) under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Support was provided by the
UCOP Lab Fee Program (award No. 118036), NIH grant number 5RC1GM091755,
NSF award MCB-1021557 and NSF STC award 1231306, LLNL Lab-Directed
Research and Development Project 012-ERD-031 and the PNNL Chemical
Imaging Initiative. Portions of this research were carried out at the
Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory. LCLS is an Office of Science User Facility operated for the
US Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. A
portion of this work was funded by the Center for Biophotonics Science
and Technology, a designated NSF Science and Technology Center managed
by the University of California, Davis, under Cooperative Agreement No.
PHY0120999.
NR 26
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 23
PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
PI CHESTER
PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND
SN 2052-2525
J9 IUCRJ
JI IUCrJ
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 1
BP 95
EP 100
DI 10.1107/S2052252514001444
PN 2
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
GA CL3PY
UT WOS:000356863800004
PM 25075325
ER
PT J
AU Yilmaz, N
Hogan, BC
Bocanegra, H
Donaldson, AB
Gill, W
AF Yilmaz, Nadir
Hogan, Brian C.
Bocanegra, Humberto
Donaldson, A. Burl
Gill, Walt
TI Computational Fluid Dynamics and Particle Image Velocimetry Supported
Examination of Bidirectional Velocity Probes for Measurements in Flames
SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE bidirectional probes; CFD; PIV; measurements; flames
AB The bidirectional velocity probe has been used in various flames to measure local velocity. The device is based on the pressure difference between a closed forward facing cavity and a closed rearward facing cavity. The probes have been noted to indicate a pressure difference greater than that which would be predicted based on Bernoulli's equation. Each device must be experimentally calibrated in a wind tunnel at similar Reynolds number to determine its "amplification factor." This study uses PIV, flow visualization and CFD to examine the flow field around the probe, as well as an experimental study which compares various probe configurations for measurement of velocity by pressure differential. The conclusion is that the amplification factor is indeed greater than unity but use of the wind tunnel for calibration is questionable.
C1 [Yilmaz, Nadir] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87810 USA.
[Hogan, Brian C.; Bocanegra, Humberto] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Donaldson, A. Burl; Gill, Walt] Sandia Natl Labs, Fire & Aerosol Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Yilmaz, N (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87810 USA.
EM yilmaznadir@yahoo.com
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DEAC0494AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No.
DEAC0494AL85000.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1948-5085
EI 1948-5093
J9 J THERM SCI ENG APPL
JI J. Therm. Sci. Eng. Appl.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 1
AR 011001
DI 10.1115/1.4024795
PG 6
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA CU2UY
UT WOS:000363380300001
ER
PT J
AU Brown, D
AF Brown, David
CA Mu2e Collaboration
TI Mu2e: a Muon to Electron Conversion Experiment at Fermilab
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE Muon; Electron; Conversion; Charged; Lepton; Flavor; Violation
AB We present the status of Mu2e, a proposed experiment to measure the rate of muon to electron conversion in the field of a nucleus. The Mu2e experiment will be hosted by Fermi lab at a new muon campus, using a new beamline to deliver protons to the muon generation target. Mu2e will use a series of three solenoids to collect, transport, stop, and analyze the muons produced when the 8 GeV pulsed proton beam from the booster hits the tungsten production target. The 200 nsec wide proton pulse is designed to have a ratio of out-of-time to in-time protons better than 10(-10), insuring a measurement time window of approximately 1 microsecond essentially free from beam pion background. A precision, low-mass straw tube tracker will measure electron momenta with a precision of 1/1000, allowing clean separation of the conversion signal from Decay In Orbit electrons, the principle experimental background. Extensive coverage of multi-layer scintillation counters will detect 99.99% of the cosmic muons which could generate fake signals. A crystal calorimeter will provide particle ID to further reduce backgrounds. Detailed simulations show a 3-year run with 7.56 x 10(17) stopped muons will allow a Single Event Sensitivity of 2 x 10(-17), allowing an estimated 90% confidence level sensitivity to R-mu s of 6 x 10(-17), a four-orders of magnitude improvement over existing limits. The Mu2e schedule is technically limited, with commissioning beginning in 2019. Mu2e may also run at Project X with 10x higher luminosity using either an aluminum or titanium target after minimal upgrades.
C1 [Brown, David; Mu2e Collaboration] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Brown, D (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dave_brown@lbl.gov
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 41
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.008
PG 6
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500008
ER
PT J
AU Pronskikh, VS
Coleman, R
Glenzinski, D
Kashikhin, VV
Mokhov, NV
AF Pronskikh, V. S.
Coleman, R.
Glenzinski, D.
Kashikhin, V. V.
Mokhov, N. V.
TI Optimization of the Mu2e Production Solenoid Heat and Radiation Shield
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE muon-to-electron conversion; secondary neutrons; energy deposition;
radiation damage
AB The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab is designed to study the conversion of a negative muon to electron in the field of a nucleus without emission of neutrinos. Observation of this process would provide unambiguous evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model, and can point to new physics beyond the reach of the LHC. The main parts of the Mu2e apparatus are its superconducting solenoids: Production Solenoid (PS), Transport Solenoid (TS), and Detector Solenoid (DS).
Being in the vicinity of the beam, PS magnets are most subjected to the radiation damage. In order for the PS superconducting magnet to operate reliably, the peak neutron flux in the PS coils must be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude by means of sophisticatedly designed massive Heat and Radiation Shield (HRS), optimized for the performance and cost. An issue with radiation damage is related to large residual electrical resistivity degradation in the superconducting coils, especially its Al stabilizer.
A detailed MARS 15 analysis and optimization of the HRS has been carried out both to satisfy the Mu2e requirements to the radiation quantities (such as displacements per atom, peak temperature and power density in the coils, absorbed dose in the insulation, and dynamic heat load) and cost. Results of MARS 15 simulations of these radiation quantities are reported and optimized HRS models are presented; it is shown that design levels satisfy all requirements.
C1 [Pronskikh, V. S.; Coleman, R.; Glenzinski, D.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Mokhov, N. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Pronskikh, VS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM vspron@fnal.gov; douglasg@fnal.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 118
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.022
PG 3
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500022
ER
PT J
AU Assiro, R
Cascella, M
Grancagnolo, F
L'Erario, A
Miccoli, A
Rella, S
Spedicato, M
Tassielli, G
AF Assiro, R.
Cascella, M.
Grancagnolo, F.
L'Erario, A.
Miccoli, A.
Rella, S.
Spedicato, M.
Tassielli, G.
TI ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES FOR ULTRA-LOW MASS DRIFT CHAMBERS
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE Drift Chambers; Feed-through-less wiring
AB We presents a novel technique for the fast assembly of next generation ultra low mass drift chambers offering space point resolution of the order of 100 gm and high tolerance to pile-up. The chamber design has been developed keeping in mind the requirements for the search of rare processes: high resolutions (order of 100-200 KeV/c) for particles momenta in a range (50-100 MeV/c) totally dominated by the multiple scattering contribution (e.g., muon and kaon decay experiment such as MEG at PSI and Mu2e and ORKA at Fermilab).
We describe a novel wiring strategy enabling the semiautomatic wiring of a complete layer with a high degree of control over wire tension and position. We also present feed-through-less wire anchoring system. These techniques have been already implemented at INFN-Lecce in the construction of a prototype drift chamber to be soon tested with cosmic rays and particle beams.
C1 [Assiro, R.; Grancagnolo, F.; L'Erario, A.; Miccoli, A.; Rella, S.; Spedicato, M.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
[Cascella, M.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy.
[Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA.
[Tassielli, G.] Univ G Marconi, Rome, Italy.
RP Rella, S (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
EM michele.cascella@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it;
alessia.lerario@le.infn.it; alessandro.miccoli@le.infn.it;
simona.rella@unisalento.it; matteo.spedicato@le.infn.it;
giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it
RI Rella, Simona/E-2247-2015; Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015;
Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013
OI Rella, Simona/0000-0003-2255-4664; Tassielli, Giovanni
Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Grancagnolo,
Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 124
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.024
PG 3
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500024
ER
PT J
AU Cascella, M
Grancagnolo, F
Tassielli, G
AF Cascella, M.
Grancagnolo, F.
Tassielli, G.
TI Cluster Counting/Timing Techniques for Drift Chambers
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE drift chambers; particle trackers
AB We describe the advantages of the cluster counting techniques over the traditional ways of integrating the ionization charge for particle identification for the purpose of particle identification. We also discuss the improvement in the determination of the impact parameter resolution in a drift cell using cluster timing techniques instead of considering only the arrival time of the first electron. Finally, we illustrate a possible way to define a fast trigger/filter.
C1 [Cascella, M.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy.
[Cascella, M.; Grancagnolo, F.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Milan, Italy.
[Tassielli, G.] Univ G Marconi, Rome, Italy.
[Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA.
RP Cascella, M (reprint author), Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy.
EM michele.cascella@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it;
giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it
RI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015; Grancagnolo,
Francesco/K-2857-2015; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013
OI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Grancagnolo,
Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 127
EP 130
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.025
PG 4
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500025
ER
PT J
AU Cascella, M
Grancagnolo, F
Mazzotta, P
Miccoli, A
Panareo, M
Spedicato, M
Tassielli, G
AF Cascella, M.
Grancagnolo, F.
Mazzotta, P.
Miccoli, A.
Panareo, M.
Spedicato, M.
Tassielli, G.
TI Characterization of Gas Mixtures for Ultra-Light Drift Chambers
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE drift chambers; gain measurement; Diethorn formula
AB Low pressure helium/hydrocarbons mixtures are a key ingredient for next generation ultra-light drift chambers. Besides the obvious advantage of limiting the contribution to the momentum measurement due to multiple scattering, the operation at low pressure allows for a broad range of the drift chamber working parameters like drift velocity, diffusion, specific ionization and gas gain. Low pressure operation is of particular advantage for experiments where the tracking detector operates in vacuum.
We present our campaign to characterize electron drift, primary ionization yield, gas gain, stability and the relative spatial resolution in helium based mixtures at absolute pressures down to 100 mbar.
C1 [Cascella, M.; Panareo, M.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy.
[Cascella, M.; Grancagnolo, F.; Mazzotta, P.; Miccoli, A.; Panareo, M.; Spedicato, M.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, Milan, Italy.
[Tassielli, G.] Univ G Marconi, Rome, Italy.
[Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA.
RP Cascella, M (reprint author), Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy.
EM michele.cascella@le.infn.it; franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it;
paola.mazzotta@le.infn.it; alessandro.miccoli@le.infn.it;
marco.panareo@le.infn.it; matteo.spedicato@le.infn.it;
giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it
RI Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; Tassielli, Giovanni
Francesco/K-2929-2015; Panareo, Marco/Q-4563-2016; Grancagnolo,
Francesco/K-2857-2015
OI Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Mazzotta,
Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Tassielli, Giovanni
Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Panareo, Marco/0000-0002-7757-5553;
Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 131
EP 133
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.026
PG 3
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500026
ER
PT J
AU Tassielli, GF
AF Tassielli, G. F.
TI The tracking system for the Mu2e experiment
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE Low mass; Tracker; Straw tube
AB Mu2e will search for coherent, neutrino-less conversion of muons into electrons in the field of a nucleus to a few parts in 10(-17), a sensitivity improvement of a factor of 10(4) over existing limits. To reach the goal the Mu2e tracker has to efficiently identify and measure electrons with momentum of 105 MeV/c, with a resolution of the order of less than or similar to 150 keV/c, reject a large amount of backgrounds (average hit rate of similar to 15 kHz/cm(2)) and live in a high radiation environment (peak hit rate of similar to 3 MHz/cm(2)). Moreover it must have the ability to work in a vacuum environment (at 10(-4) Ton) and in a uniform magnetic field of 1 Tesla. We present the low mass straw based tracking device that is under development at Fermilab laboratory.
C1 [Tassielli, G. F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Tassielli, G. F.] Univ Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy.
[Tassielli, G. F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
RP Tassielli, GF (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it
RI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015
OI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 137
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.028
PG 3
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500028
ER
PT J
AU Chiarello, G
Corvaglia, A
Grancagnolo, F
Panareo, M
Pepino, A
Primiceri, P
Tassielli, G
AF Chiarello, G.
Corvaglia, A.
Grancagnolo, F.
Panareo, M.
Pepino, A.
Primiceri, P.
Tassielli, G.
TI A Full Front End Chain for Drift Chambers
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE Drift Chambers; Front End Electronics; Cluster Counting/Timing; FPGA
(Field Programmable Gate Array)
AB We developed a high performance full chain for drift chamber signals processing. The Front End electronics is a multistage amplifier board based on high performance commercial devices. In addition a fast readout algorithm for Cluster Counting and Timing purposes has been implemented on a Xilinx-Virtex 4 core FPGA. The algorithm analyzes and stores data coming from a Helium based drift tube and represents the outcome of balancing between efficiency and high speed performance.
C1 [Chiarello, G.; Corvaglia, A.; Grancagnolo, F.; Panareo, M.; Pepino, A.; Primiceri, P.; Tassielli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
[Chiarello, G.; Panareo, M.; Pepino, A.] Univ Salento, Lecce, Italy.
[Tassielli, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA.
[Tassielli, G.] Univ Marconi, Rome, Italy.
RP Pepino, A (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
EM gianluigi.chiarello@gmail.com; alessandro.corvaglia@le.infn.it;
franco.grancagnolo@le.infn.it; marco.panareo@le.infn.it;
aurora.pepino@leinfn.it; patrizio.primiceri@le.infn.it;
giovanni.tassielli@le.infn.it
RI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/K-2929-2015; Panareo, Marco/Q-4563-2016;
Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015
OI Tassielli, Giovanni Francesco/0000-0003-3410-6754; Chiarello,
Gianluigi/0000-0002-3974-8388; Panareo, Marco/0000-0002-7757-5553;
Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 140
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.029
PG 3
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500029
ER
PT J
AU Pezzullo, G
Murat, P
Sarra, I
Luca, A
AF Pezzullo, Gianantonio
Murat, Pavel
Sarra, Ivano
Luca, Alessandra
CA Mu2e Calorimeter Grp
TI Cosmic background rejection by means of the calorimeter in the Mu2e
experiment at Fermilab
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CLEV Conference on the Interplay Between Studies and Measurements
Concerning Charged Lepton Flavor Violation Processes
CY MAY 06-08, 2013
CL Lecce, ITALY
DE muons; charged-lepton-flavor-violation; muon conversion
AB Mu2e experiment [1] searches for coherent, neutrino-less conversion of muons into electrons in the field of a nucleus with a sensitivity of fews parts in 10(-17) (a factor of 10(3)-10(4) over existing limits). Mu2e apparatus takes advantage of high intensity muon beams which hit muon stopping targets (devoted for the capture) and uses a basic detector system which is composed by a low-mass straw tubes tracker and by a LYSO crystal calorimeter. One of the main source of background which afflicts this measure is the cosmic induced background. To suppress and keep that source under control the calorimeter operates both: muon identification (with a muon rejection factor of about 10(2) - 10(3)) and fake-signal-electron (created via muon interactions with the experimental set-up) rejection. In this paper a description of the calorimeter role in cosmic suppression is reported showing results from GEANT4 simulations.
C1 [Pezzullo, Gianantonio] Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
[Pezzullo, Gianantonio] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Milan, Italy.
[Murat, Pavel] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Sarra, Ivano; Luca, Alessandra] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Milan, Italy.
RP Pezzullo, G (reprint author), Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
EM pezzullo@pi.infn.it
OI Pezzullo, Gianantonio/0000-0002-6653-1555
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-5632
EI 1873-3832
J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP
JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl.
PD MAR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 248
BP 143
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2014.02.030
PG 3
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AJ7FB
UT WOS:000337861500030
ER
PT J
AU Deaton, JD
Irwin, RE
DaSilva, LA
AF Deaton, Juan D.
Irwin, Ryan E.
DaSilva, Luiz A.
TI Dynamic spectrum access in LTE-advanced networks
SO PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Dynamic spectrum access; Long term evolution-advanced; Wireless network
architecture; Cognitive radio
AB As early as 2014, mobile network operators' spectral capacity will be overwhelmed by the demand brought on by new devices and applications. To augment capacity and meet this demand, operators may choose to deploy a Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) overlay. The signaling and functionality required by such an overlay have not yet been fully considered in the architecture of the planned Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE+) networks. This paper presents a Spectrum Accountability framework to be integrated into LTE+ architectures, defining specific element functionality, protocol interfaces, and signaling flow diagrams required to enforce the rights and responsibilities of primary and secondary users. We also quantify, through integer programs, the benefits of using DSA channels to augment capacity under a scenario in which the LTE+ network can opportunistically use TV and GSM spectra. The framework proposed here may serve as a guide in the development of future LTE+ network standards that account for DSA. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Deaton, Juan D.; Irwin, Ryan E.; DaSilva, Luiz A.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Deaton, Juan D.] Idaho Natl Lab, N&HS Directorate, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[DaSilva, Luiz A.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, CTVR, Dublin 2, Ireland.
RP Deaton, JD (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM juan.deaton@gmail.com; rei@vt.edu; ldasilva@vt.edu
FU Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Ph.D. Candidate Program; Virginia Tech
Bradley Fellowship; Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD)
Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Ph.D.
Candidate Program and Virginia Tech Bradley Fellowship. Work supported
through the INL is supported through the Laboratory Directed Research &
Development (LDRD) Program under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. The United States Government retains and the
publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up,
irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes. The views and conclusions contained in this
document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as
representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the
Department of Energy or the U.S. Government.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1874-4907
J9 PHYS COMMUN-AMST
JI Phys. Commun.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 10
BP 127
EP 143
DI 10.1016/j.phycom.2013.11.001
PG 17
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA V41RT
UT WOS:000209564000010
ER
PT J
AU Seemann, KM
Kronast, F
Horner, A
Valencia, S
Wixforth, A
Chaplik, AV
Fischer, P
AF Seemann, K. M.
Kronast, F.
Hoerner, A.
Valencia, S.
Wixforth, A.
Chaplik, A. V.
Fischer, P.
TI ATTENUATION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES BY SPIN-WAVE EXCITATIONS IN
Co60Fe20B20
SO SPIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Spin waves; exchange bias; CoFeB; magnetic ripple domains; surface
acoustic waves; SAW; photo-excitation electron microscopy; XPEEM
AB The acousto-magnetic attenuation of surface acoustic waves (SAW) in an Co60Fe20B20 exchange spring magnet is evidenced experimentally. By high-resolution magnetic imaging using photo-excitation electron microscopy (XPEEM) and magnetometry measurements, the deflection of the ferromagnet from its equilibrium state is visualized. Along a harmonic oscillator model with damping term, the experimental observation of SAW attenuation is attributed to low-frequency spin wave generation in a magnetic exchange spring. Measuring the SAW attenuation at four eigenfrequencies generated via on-chip higher-harmonic generation, we obtain a sub-GHz resonance at f(0) = 538MHz.
C1 [Seemann, K. M.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E21, Munich, Germany.
[Seemann, K. M.] Tech Univ Munich, Heinz Maier Leibnitz Zentrum MLZ, Munich, Germany.
[Kronast, F.; Valencia, S.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Berlin, Germany.
[Hoerner, A.; Wixforth, A.] Univ Augsburg, Inst Phys, Expt Phys 1, Augsburg, Germany.
[Chaplik, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Semicond Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia.
[Fischer, P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Seemann, KM (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E21, Munich, Germany.; Seemann, KM (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Heinz Maier Leibnitz Zentrum MLZ, Munich, Germany.
EM klaus.seemann@frm2.tum.de; klaus.seemann@frm2.tum.de
RI Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010
OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 2010-3247
EI 2010-3255
J9 SPIN-SINGAPORE
JI SPIN
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 1
AR 1440005
DI 10.1142/S2010324714400050
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA V45SB
UT WOS:000209835200006
ER
PT J
AU Loether, A
Gao, Y
Chen, Z
DeCamp, MF
Dufresne, EM
Walko, DA
Wen, H
AF Loether, A.
Gao, Y.
Chen, Z.
DeCamp, M. F.
Dufresne, E. M.
Walko, D. A.
Wen, H.
TI Transient crystalline superlattice generated by a photoacoustic
transducer
SO STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; COHERENT CONTROL; STREAK-CAMERA; PULSES; PHONONS;
TIME; FILMS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DYNAMICS; PROTEIN
AB Designing an efficient and simple method for modulating the intensity of x-ray radiation on a picosecond time-scale has the potential to produce ultrafast pulses of hard x-rays. In this work, we generate a tunable transient superlattice, in an otherwise perfect crystal, by photoexciting a metal film on a crystalline substrate. The resulting transient strain has amplitudes approaching 1%, wavevectors greater than 0: 002 angstrom(-1), and lifetimes approaching 1 ns. This method has the potential to generate isolated picosecond x-ray bursts with scattering efficiencies in excess of 10%. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Loether, A.; Gao, Y.; Chen, Z.; DeCamp, M. F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Dufresne, E. M.; Walko, D. A.; Wen, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Loether, A (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
FU DOE-EPSCoR [DE-FG02-11ER46816]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported from the DOE-EPSCoR Grant No. DE-FG02-11ER46816.
Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2329-7778
J9 STRUCT DYNAM-US
JI Struct. Dyn.-US
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 1
IS 2
AR 024301
DI 10.1063/1.4867494
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA CI8AD
UT WOS:000354988600002
PM 26798773
ER
PT J
AU Mittal, S
AF Mittal, Sparsh
TI A survey of architectural techniques for improving cache power
efficiency
SO SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING-INFORMATICS & SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cache energy saving techniques; Dynamic energy; Leakage energy; Power
management; Energy efficiency; Green computing
AB Modern processors are using increasingly larger sized on-chip caches. Also, with each CMOS technology generation, there has been a significant increase in their leakage energy consumption. For this reason, cache power management has become a crucial research issue in modern processor design. To address this challenge and also meet the goals of sustainable computing, researchers have proposed several techniques for improving energy efficiency of cache architectures. This paper surveys recent architectural techniques for improving cache power efficiency and also presents a classification of these techniques based on their characteristics. For providing an application perspective, this paper also reviews several real-world processor chips that employ cache energy saving techniques. The aim of this survey is to enable engineers and researchers to get insights into the techniques for improving cache power efficiency and motivate them to invent novel solutions for enabling low-power operation of caches. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mittal, Sparsh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Future Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Mittal, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Future Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
EM sparsh0mittal@gmail.com
NR 148
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2210-5379
EI 2210-5387
J9 SUSTAIN COMPUT-INFOR
JI Sust. Comput.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 1
BP 33
EP 43
DI 10.1016/j.suscom.2013.11.001
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
Systems
SC Computer Science
GA V41WN
UT WOS:000209576400004
ER
PT J
AU Welsh, JS
Young, J
Gupta, R
AF Welsh, J. S.
Young, J.
Gupta, R.
TI Lionfish on the Loose in the Waters off St Vincent
SO WEST INDIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Caribbean; envenomations; lionfish; St Vincent
AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if the exotic venomous species, Pterois volitans (lionfish) had reached as far south as St Vincent in the Caribbean. This predatory marine fish has successfully invaded the waters of the Western Atlantic and the Caribbean. Such success as an exotic invasive species is rare for a predatory marine fish. It is possible that the fish are growing larger and spreading faster than anticipated, thanks to a lower burden of parasites and a paucity of natural predators in their new environment. But prior to this report, no sightings of this species this far south had been reported.
Methods: The authors conducted a search along with the help of local divers and fishermen in the waters of St Vincent.
Results: Approximately one year after the initiation of the search, a juvenile specimen was positively confirmed and captured off the southern coast of St Vincent.
Conclusions: The exotic predatory and venomous red lionfish, Pterois volitans, has successfully invaded marine waters as far south as the Windward Islands. Fishermen in these regions should be aware of this venomous species in the region and physicians must be aware of how to manage stings from such animals.
C1 [Welsh, J. S.; Gupta, R.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Welsh, J. S.; Young, J.] Trinity Sch Med, Ratho Mill, St Vincent.
[Welsh, J. S.; Young, J.] Trinity Sch Med, Ratho Mill, Grenada.
RP Welsh, JS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500,Mail Stop 301, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM shermanwelsh@gmail.com
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU UNIV WEST INDIES FACULTY MEDICAL SCIENCES
PI KINGSTON
PA MONA CAMPUS, KINGSTON 7, JAMAICA
SN 0043-3144
J9 W INDIAN MED J
JI West Ind. Med. J.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 63
IS 2
BP 179
EP 181
DI 10.7727/wimj.2013.274
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA CX2ZU
UT WOS:000365566100013
PM 25303255
ER
PT J
AU Sun, XQ
Do-Thanh, CL
Luo, HM
Dai, S
AF Sun, Xiaoqi
Chi-Linh Do-Thanh
Luo, Huimin
Dai, Sheng
TI The optimization of an ionic liquid-based TALSPEAK-like process for rare
earth ions separation
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Functionalized ionic liquids; Rare earth elements; Solvent extraction;
TALSPEAK
ID SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; TEMPERATURE; COPPER(II); ACIDS
AB Five new functionalized ionic liquids (FILs), tetraethylammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([N-2222] [DEHPI), tetraethylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinite ([N-2222][BTMPPD, tetraethylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinite ([N-2222][BTMPDTP]), tetrahexylammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([N-6666][DEHP]), and tetraoctylammonium di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([N-8888][DEHP]) were synthesized and characterized. These ILs along with two previously synthesized FILs ([N-4444][DEHP] and [N-1888][DEHP]) were used as ionic extractants and investigated for rare earth elements (REEs) separation in 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide/bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide ([C(10)mim][NTf2]/[BETI]). These FILs as ionic extractants were miscible with [C(10)mim][NTf2]/[BETI]. We herein report the applications of these FILs in an IL-based TALSPEAK-like process and the optimization of the process by adjusting the cations and anions of the FILs, concentrations of the FILs as ionic extractants in the IL phase, concentrations of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) in the aqueous phase, and acidities of the aqueous phase. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Xiaoqi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Chi-Linh Do-Thanh; Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA.
[Sun, Xiaoqi] Chinese Acad Sci, Xiamen Inst Rare Earth Mat, Xiamen 361021, Peoples R China.
RP Luo, HM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM luoh@ornl.gov
RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015;
OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Do-Thanh, Chi-Linh/0000-0003-2263-8331
FU US-DOE Office of Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and
Biosciences [DE-AC05-0096OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak
Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU); DOE SISGR grant "An Integrated
Basic Research Program for Advanced Nuclear Energy Separations Systems
Based on Ionic Liquids"
FX This research was supported by the US-DOE Office of Science, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences under Contract
DE-AC05-0096OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC. XQS acknowledges the Oak Ridge Associated Universities
(ORAU) for postdoctoral fellowships. Programmatic support via a DOE
SISGR grant "An Integrated Basic Research Program for Advanced Nuclear
Energy Separations Systems Based on Ionic Liquids" is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 22
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 7
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 1385-8947
EI 1873-3212
J9 CHEM ENG J
JI Chem. Eng. J.
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 239
BP 392
EP 398
DI 10.1016/j.cej.2013.11.041
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 300TA
UT WOS:000330485700045
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, GE
Sather, NK
Skalski, JR
Teel, DJ
AF Johnson, G. E.
Sather, N. K.
Skalski, J. R.
Teel, D. J.
TI Application of diversity indices to quantify early life-history
diversity for Chinook salmon
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Species diversity; Diversity index; Life history diversity; Chinook
salmon; Juvenile salmon
ID SHANNON-WIENER INDEX; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; PACIFIC
SALMON; CONSISTENT TERMINOLOGY; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; PARTITIONING
DIVERSITY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ESTUARY; RICHNESS
AB We developed an approach to quantify early life history diversity for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Early life history diversity (ELHD) is the variation in morphological and behavioral traits expressed within and among populations by individual juvenile salmon during downstream migration. A standard quantitative method does not exist for this prominent concept in salmon biology. For Chinook salmon, ELHD reflects the multitude of possible strategies undertaken during the juvenile (fry through smolt) phases of their life cycle, where a life history strategy (or pattern) describes the combination of traits exhibited by an organism throughout its life cycle. Increasing life history diversity to improve resilience and aid recovery of diminished salmon and steelhead populations is a common objective in fish population recovery efforts. In this paper, we characterized early life history traits and prioritize timing and fish size as two appropriate, measurable dimensions for an ELHD index. We studied diversity index literature, identified an indexing approach based on the effective number of time-size trait combinations, and tested several candidate indices for performance and usefulness in case studies using juvenile salmon catch data from the lower Columbia River and estuary. The recommended ELHD index is diversity expressed as the effective number of time-size trait combinations for the Shannon Index, modified to include an adjustment for missing time-size trait combinations and a sample coverage factor. This index applies to multiple life history strategies of juvenile salmonids; incorporates fish abundance, richness, and evenness; and produces readily interpretable values. The ELHD index can support comparisons across like locales and examinations of trends through time at a given locale. It has application as a high-level indicator to track trends in the status of the recovery of salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River basin and elsewhere where salmon recovery efforts are under way. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Johnson, G. E.; Sather, N. K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
[Skalski, J. R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Teel, D. J.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
RP Johnson, GE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 1529 West Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
EM gary.johnson@pnnl.gov; nichole.sather@pnnl.gov; jrs@cbr.washington.edu;
david.teel@noaa.gov
OI Skalski, John/0000-0002-7070-2505
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers through the Columbia River Fish Mitigation
Project; Heida Diefenderfer; Anadromous Fish Evaluation Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers through the
Columbia River Fish Mitigation Project, as instituted under the
Anadromous Fish Evaluation Program. We appreciate: oversight from Blaine
Ebberts and Cynthia Studebaker, technical leads for the funding agency;
reviews of early reports in this effort by Billy Connor; Earl Dawley,
Tracy Hillman, and Roy Kropp; compilation of literature by Erin Donley;
maps by Amy Borde; genetic stock identifications by David Kuligowski;
technical reviews by Heida Diefenderfer, Curtis Roegner, Nick Tolimieri,
and Eric Ward; technical editing by Susan Ennor; project management,
editing, and support from Heida Diefenderfer; and peer-reviews by two
anonymous reviewers.
NR 72
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 38
BP 170
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.11.005
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 300XP
UT WOS:000330497600019
ER
PT J
AU Rohatgi, A
Soulami, A
Stephens, EV
Davies, RW
Smith, MT
AF Rohatgi, Aashish
Soulami, Ayoub
Stephens, Elizabeth V.
Davies, Richard W.
Smith, Mark T.
TI An investigation of enhanced formability in AA5182-O Al during high-rate
free-forming at room-temperature: Quantification of deformation history
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Formability; High strain-rate; Forming limit diagram; Electro-hydraulic
forming; Light-weight; Digital image correlation
ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY SHEET; METAL; LIMITS
AB The goal of this work is to improve our understanding of formability enhancement in aluminum (Al) sheet alloys that has generally been observed during high-strain-rate forming. In the mirk presented here, experiments and numerical modeling were used to investigate the room-temperature formability of AA5182-O Al alloy sheet (1 mm thick) at high strain-rates using the electro-hydraulic forming (EHF) technique. A finite element model, using Johnson-Cook constitutive equation, was developed to simulate the high-rate forming behavior of Al under EHF and test samples were designed to obtain different strain paths at the apex of the EHF domes. The deformation history of Al sheets, under free-forming conditions and inside a conical die, was experimentally determined and compared to the model predictions. Experimental data shows that the high-rate formability of AA5182-O Al at minor strains of similar to-0.1 and similar to 0.05, relative to its corresponding quasi-static formability, was enhanced locally by similar to 2.5x and similar to 6.5x under free-forming and when forming inside the conical die, respectively. The in-plane peak engineering strain-rate associated with the enhanced formability during free-forming was measured to be similar to 3900/s while the pre-impact strain-rate during conical-die forming was estimated to be similar to 4230/s. The strain-path associated with enhanced formability was experimentally determined under a free-forming case and was found to be in good agreement with that predicted by the numerical model. To the authors' knowledge, these results are the first to experimentally quantify the deformation history associated with enhanced formability that has often been reported in the literature. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rohatgi, Aashish; Soulami, Ayoub; Stephens, Elizabeth V.; Davies, Richard W.; Smith, Mark T.] PNNL, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Rohatgi, A (reprint author), PNNL, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM aashish.rohatgi@pnnl.gov; ayoub.soulami@pnnl.gov;
elizabeth.stephens@pnnl.gov; rich.davies@pnnl.gov; mark.smith@pnnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Lightweight
Materials program
FX The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle
Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was sponsored by Drs. Joseph Carpenter and
Carol Schutte in association with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Lightweight Materials program.
The authors are thankful to the technical team from the U.S. automotive
industries for their suggestions. Capacitor banks' operational guidance
provided by J. Johnson (Bonneville Power Administration), and technical
support provided by G.L. Vanarsdale (Science Applications International
Corporation) and PNNL staff (M.E. Dahl, K.F. Mattlin, P.A. Boyd and C.A.
Bonebrake) is gratefully acknowledged. Technical support, to operate the
cameras and image analysis using DIC software, provided by Alistair
Tofts and Hubert Schreier at Correlated Solutions is also acknowledged.
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0924-0136
J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH
JI J. Mater. Process. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 214
IS 3
BP 722
EP 732
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.07.015
PG 11
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 296BL
UT WOS:000330160000025
ER
PT J
AU Tong, JX
Hu, BX
Huang, H
Guo, LJ
Yang, JZ
AF Tong, Juxiu
Hu, Bill X.
Huang, Hai
Guo, Luanjin
Yang, Jinzhong
TI Application of a data assimilation method via an ensemble Kalman filter
to reactive urea hydrolysis transport modeling
SO STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Data assimilation; EnKF; Chemical concentration; Reactive urea
hydrolysis transport; Reactive rate parameter
ID ATMOSPHERIC DATA ASSIMILATION; ECOSYSTEM MODEL; SOIL; CONTAMINATION;
PRODUCTS; FLOW; PH
AB With growing importance of water resources in the world, remediations of anthropogenic contaminations due to reactive solute transport become even more important. A good understanding of reactive rate parameters such as kinetic parameters is the key to accurately predicting reactive solute transport processes and designing corresponding remediation schemes. For modeling reactive solute transport, it is very difficult to estimate chemical reaction rate parameters due to complex processes of chemical reactions and limited available data. To find a method to get the reactive rate parameters for the reactive urea hydrolysis transport modeling and obtain more accurate prediction for the chemical concentrations, we developed a data assimilation method based on an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) method to calibrate reactive rate parameters for modeling urea hydrolysis transport in a synthetic one-dimensional column at laboratory scale and to update modeling prediction. We applied a constrained EnKF method to pose constraints to the updated reactive rate parameters and the predicted solute concentrations based on their physical meanings after the data assimilation calibration. From the study results we concluded that we could efficiently improve the chemical reactive rate parameters with the data assimilation method via the EnKF, and at the same time we could improve solute concentration prediction. The more data we assimilated, the more accurate the reactive rate parameters and concentration prediction. The filter divergence problem was also solved in this study.
C1 [Tong, Juxiu; Hu, Bill X.] China Univ Geosci, Collage Water Resources & Environm Sci, Key Lab Groundwater Cycle & Environm Evolut, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Tong, Juxiu; Huang, Hai; Guo, Luanjin] Idaho Natl Lab, Carbon Resource Management Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Tong, Juxiu; Yang, Jinzhong] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Tong, Juxiu; Hu, Bill X.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci Geol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Hu, BX (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, Collage Water Resources & Environm Sci, Key Lab Groundwater Cycle & Environm Evolut, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM hu@gly.fsu.edu
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51209187]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [2652011286]; National
Nature Science Foundation of China Major Research Project [91125024]
FX This work is partly supported by the National Nature Science Foundation
of China (Grant No. 51209187), the Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities (Grant No. 2652011286) and the National Nature
Science Foundation of China Major Research Project (Grant No. 91125024).
NR 66
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1436-3240
EI 1436-3259
J9 STOCH ENV RES RISK A
JI Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 3
BP 729
EP 741
DI 10.1007/s00477-013-0786-y
PG 13
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences;
Statistics & Probability; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Water
Resources
GA 298RR
UT WOS:000330342600021
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, M
Sauck, W
Sultan, M
Yan, E
Soliman, F
Rashed, M
AF Ahmed, Mohamed
Sauck, William
Sultan, Mohamed
Yan, Eugene
Soliman, Farouk
Rashed, Mohamed
TI Geophysical Constraints on the Hydrogeologic and Structural Settings of
the Gulf of Suez Rift-Related Basins: Case Study from the El Qaa Plain,
Sinai, Egypt
SO SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE Gravity; Aeromagnetic; Sinai Peninsula; Groundwater; Sustainable
utilization
ID ANALYTIC SIGNAL; TRANSFER ZONES; RED-SEA; AREA; STRATIGRAPHY; GEOMETRY;
GEOLOGY
AB Groundwater has been identified as one of the major freshwater sources that can potentially meet the growing demands of Egypt's population. Gravity data (from 381 ground gravity stations) were collected, processed, and analyzed together with the available aeromagnetic (800 line-km) data to investigate the hydrogeologic and structural settings, areal distribution, geometry, and water storage of the aquifers in El Qaa coastal plain in the southwest Sinai Peninsula, and to assess their longevity given projected extraction rates. Findings include (1) complete Bouguer anomaly and total magnetic intensity maps show two connected sub-basins separated by a narrow saddle with an average basin length of 43 km and an average width of 12 km; (2) two-dimensional modeling of both gravity and magnetic data indicates basin fill with a maximum thickness of 3.5 km; (3) using anomalous residual gravity, the volume of water in storage was estimated at 40-56 km(3); and (4) progressive increases in extraction rates over time will deplete up to 40 % of the aquifers' volume in 200-230 years and will cause the water quality to deteriorate due to seawater intrusion in 45 years. Similar geophysical exploration campaigns, if conducted over the entire coastal plains of the Red Sea and the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba, could assist in the development of sound and sustainable management schemes for the freshwater resources in these areas. The adopted techniques could pave the way toward the establishment of sustainable utilization schemes for a much larger suite of similar aquifers worldwide.
C1 [Ahmed, Mohamed; Sauck, William; Sultan, Mohamed] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geosci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[Ahmed, Mohamed; Soliman, Farouk; Rashed, Mohamed] Suez Canal Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geol, Ismailia, Egypt.
[Yan, Eugene] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rashed, Mohamed] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Earth Sci, Dept Geophys, Jeddah 21441, Saudi Arabia.
RP Sultan, M (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geosci, 1903 W Michigan Ave,1187 Rood Hall, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
EM mohamed.sultan@wmich.edu
RI Rashed, Mohamed/J-5793-2012;
OI Rashed, Mohamed/0000-0002-4977-9209; Sauck, William/0000-0003-2911-3044
FU NATO Science for Peace [SFP 982614]
FX Research is supported by a NATO Science for Peace (Grant SFP 982614)
awarded to Western Michigan University. We thank Dr. Kamal Ghodeif for
providing static water level measurements. We also thank Dr. Khaled
Mamoun, Mr. Islam Nagi, and Mrs. Lamees Mohamed for assisting in the
collection of the 2011 gravity data.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-3298
EI 1573-0956
J9 SURV GEOPHYS
JI Surv. Geophys.
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 2
BP 415
EP 430
DI 10.1007/s10712-013-9259-6
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 298UB
UT WOS:000330348900005
ER
PT J
AU Kim, D
Choi, S
Shaddix, CR
Geier, M
AF Kim, Daehee
Choi, Sangmin
Shaddix, Christopher R.
Geier, Manfred
TI Effect of CO2 gasification reaction on char particle combustion in
oxy-fuel conditions
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE CO2 gasification; Oxy-combustion; Pulverized coal; Char burnout
simulation; High-temperature kinetics
ID PULVERIZED COAL CHAR; SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; KINETICS;
DEVOLATILIZATION; TECHNOLOGY; ATMOSPHERE; PRESSURE; FURNACE; O-2/N-2
AB CO2 gasification of coal char may play an important role in oxy-combustion environments with flue gas recirculation (FGR), but its effect on the overall reaction rate has not been clearly understood. To give clarity to the likely impact of CO2 gasification on the oxy-combustion of pulverized coal chars, burnout simulations of coal char particles were carried out, adopting apparent char reactivity and a single-film model that includes the Stefan flow effect on mass and energy transfer. Three oxygen concentrations (21%, 30%, and 5% O-2), representing air, oxy-fuel, and oxygen-deficient combustion environments were simulated. A new experimental approach was used to directly measure the CO2 gasification rate of a subbituminous coal char at high temperatures and atmospheric pressure. The measured gasification rate is somewhat higher than previous measurements. The simulation results show that the endothermic gasification reaction reduces the char particle temperature and thereby reduces the oxidation rates. However, due to the contribution of the direct gasification reaction on carbon consumption, the char burnout time and the carbon consumption were improved. The gasification reaction has a greater influence on the char burnout time and the relative carbon consumption in an oxygen-deficient environment and on the drop of particle temperature in an oxygen-enriched environment (for a given gas temperature). In addition, the influence of the gasification reaction on char combustion increases as the gas temperature increases and as the particle size increases. Further, it was observed that the impact of the gasification reaction is dependent on the presumed kinetic rate, which highlights the importance of using reliable kinetic parameters in simulations. Based on the present results, it is important to include the gasification reaction by CO2 when simulating char combustion in oxy-fuel combustion environments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kim, Daehee; Choi, Sangmin] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Shaddix, Christopher R.; Geier, Manfred] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Choi, S (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, 291 Daehak Ro, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM smchoi@kaist.ac.kr
RI Choi, Sangmin/C-1928-2011
FU Korean government; Brain Korea 21 Project; U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) through the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Power Systems
Advanced Research Program; U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX D. Kim has led this research as a part of Ph.D. dissertation requirement
at KAIST. Experimental work was conducted at Sandia National
Laboratories, where D. Kim joined the team as a visiting researcher.
Support for D. Kim's visit at Sandia was provided by the Korean
government scholarship, the Brain Korea 21 Project, and also by the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) through the National Energy Technology
Laboratory's Power Systems Advanced Research Program. Sandia National
Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,
for U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 44
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 73
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 120
BP 130
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.12.004
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 296XL
UT WOS:000330218600015
ER
PT J
AU Li, L
Zhang, XX
Chen, RJ
Zhao, TL
Lu, J
Wu, F
Amine, K
AF Li, Li
Zhang, Xiaoxiao
Chen, Renjie
Zhao, Taolin
Lu, Jun
Wu, Feng
Amine, Khalil
TI Synthesis and electrochemical performance of cathode material
Li1.2Co0.13Ni0.13Mn0.54O2 from spent lithium-ion batteries
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Spent lithium-ion battery; Leaching solution; Li-rich cathode material;
Oxalic acid co-precipitation
ID SECONDARY BATTERIES; COBALT OXIDE; RECOVERY; ELECTRODES; LICOO2;
COPRECIPITATION; LEACHANT; CAPACITY; OXALATE; ACID
AB Li-rich layered oxide Li1.2Co0.13Ni0.13Mn0.54O2 has been successfully re-synthesized using the ascorbic acid leaching solution of spent lithium-ion batteries as the raw materials. A combination of oxalic acid co-precipitation, hydrothermal and calcination processes was applied to synthesize this material. For comparison, a fresh sample with the same composition has been also synthesized from the commercial raw materials using the same method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical measurements are carried out to characterize these samples. XRD results indicate that both samples have the layered alpha-NaFeO2 structures with a space group of R(3) over bar m. No other crystalline phase was detected by XRD. The electrochemical results show that the re-synthesized and fresh-synthesized sample can deliver discharge capacities as high as 258.8 and 264.2 mAh g(-1) at the first cycle, respectively. After 50 cycles, discharge capacities of 225.1 and 228 mAh g(-1) can be obtained with capacity retention of 87.0 and 86.3%, respectively. This study suggests that the leaching solution from spent lithium ion batteries can be recycled to synthesize Li-rich cathode materials with good electrochemical performance. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Li; Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Chen, Renjie; Zhao, Taolin; Wu, Feng] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Environm, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Jun; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chen, RJ (reprint author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Environm, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM chenrj@bit.edu.cn; amine@anl.gov
FU International S&T Cooperation Program of China [2010DFB63370]; Chinese
National 973 Program [2009CB220106]; Beijing Nova Program
[Z121103002512029]; Beijing Excellent Talents Plan Funding; New Century
Educational Talents Plan of the Chinese Education Ministry
[NCET-12-0050]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0206CH11357]; Vehicle
Technologies Office, Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
FX The experimental work of this study was supported by the International
S&T Cooperation Program of China (2010DFB63370), the Chinese National
973 Program (2009CB220106), Beijing Nova Program (Z121103002512029),
Beijing Excellent Talents Plan Funding and the New Century Educational
Talents Plan of the Chinese Education Ministry (NCET-12-0050). This work
was also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC0206CH11357 provided by the Vehicle Technologies Office, Department
of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE).
This work especially thanks to US-China Electric Vehicle and Battery
Technology between Argonne National Laboratory and Beijing Institute of
Technology.
NR 38
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 17
U2 231
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
EI 1873-2755
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 249
BP 28
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.092
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 297LG
UT WOS:000330256300005
ER
PT J
AU Ren, F
Cox, T
Wang, H
AF Ren, Fei
Cox, Thomas
Wang, Hsin
TI Thermal runaway risk evaluation of Li-ion cells using a pinch-torsion
test
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Li-ion battery; Internal short circuit; Mechanical abuse; Thermal
stability
AB Internal short circuit (ISCr) can lead to failure of Li-ion cells and sometimes result in thermal runaway. Understanding the behavior of Li-ion cells in ISCr condition is thus critical to evaluate the safety of these energy storage devices. In the current work, a pinch torsion test is developed to simulate ISCr in a controlled manner. It is demonstrated that the torsional component superimposed on compression loading can reduce the axial load required to induce ISCr with smaller short spot size. Using this pinch-torsion test, two types of commercial Li-ion pouch cells were tested under different state of charge (SOC). Based on the severity of the cell damage, a series of thermal runaway risk scores were used to rate the thermal stability of these cells. One of the cell types showed significantly increased hazard as the SOC increased while the other type exhibited relative uniform behavior among different SOC. Therefore, this novel pinch-torsion test seems to be an attractive candidate for safety testing of Li-ion cells due to its abilities to consistently create small ISCr spots and to differentiate cell stability in a wide range of SOC. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ren, Fei; Cox, Thomas; Wang, Hsin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM wangh2@ornl.gov
RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013
OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867
FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the Department of Energy; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory [DE-AC05-000R22725]; High Temperature Materials
Laboratory program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Vehicle Technologies of the
Department of Energy and was carried out at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-000R22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. The
microscopic equipment used in this study was supported by the High
Temperature Materials Laboratory program at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory. The authors also acknowledge Drs. Yanfei Gao and Edgar
Lara-Curzio of ORNL for helpful discussions and suggestions during the
preparation of this manuscript.
NR 9
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
EI 1873-2755
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 249
BP 156
EP 162
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.058
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 297LG
UT WOS:000330256300023
ER
PT J
AU Chen-Wiegart, YCK
DeMike, R
Erdonmez, C
Thornton, K
Barnett, SA
Wang, J
AF Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen Karen
DeMike, Ross
Erdonmez, Can
Thornton, Katsuyo
Barnett, Scott A.
Wang, Jun
TI Tortuosity characterization of 3D microstructure at nano-scale for
energy storage and conversion materials
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium ion battery; Solid oxide fuel cell; Tortuosity; X-ray
tomography; Three dimensional structure; Novel charaterization
ID OXIDE FUEL-CELL; LI-ION BATTERY; CURRENT FLOW-RATES; X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY;
3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; POROUS-MEDIA; ANODE;
DIFFUSIVITY; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB A distance propagation method is presented for calculating tortuosity with relatively low computation time from three-dimensional (3D) tomographic data. Moreover, a novel concept of tortuosity distribution is developed to provide a more comprehensive picture of inhomogeneous microstructures where tortuosity depends on the actual 3D paths. Instead of using one single tortuosity value, the tortuosity distribution both as spatial distribution map and also statistic histogram can provide a more complete description. The method, which can be applied to any porous medium, is tested against a diffusion-based tortuosity calculation on two 3D microstructures: a LiCoO2 cathode electrode of lithium ion battery measured by x-ray nano-tomography and a lanthanum strontium rnanganite-ttria-stabilized zirconia, solid oxide fuel cells cathode measured using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy serial sectioning. The present method is shown to provide good-agreement with the effective diffusion-based tortuosity values. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen Karen; Wang, Jun] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[DeMike, Ross; Thornton, Katsuyo] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Erdonmez, Can] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Barnett, Scott A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, 744 Ring Rd, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM junwang@bnl.gov
RI Barnett, Scott/B-7502-2009;
OI /0000-0002-1227-5293
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-0907639/0907030]
FX We are grateful that Prof. Eric Maire provided us with the methodology
developed by his group. We thank William Harris and Prof. Wilson Chiu
for the helpful discussion. We thank Dr. Fernando Camino for assisting
the development of the sample preparation procedure using FIB-SEM.
Research carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Scott Barnett and Katsuyo Thornton
gratefully acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation under
Grant Number DMR-0907639/0907030.
NR 39
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 12
U2 122
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
EI 1873-2755
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 249
BP 349
EP 356
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.026
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 297LG
UT WOS:000330256300045
ER
PT J
AU Li, GS
Lu, XC
Kim, JY
Lemmon, JP
Sprenkle, VL
AF Li, Guosheng
Lu, Xiaochuan
Kim, Jin Y.
Lemmon, John P.
Sprenkle, Vincent L.
TI Improved cycling behavior of ZEBRA battery operated at intermediate
temperature of 175 degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sodium-nickel chloride battery; Metallization; Interfacial polarization;
Sodium wetting problem
ID CHLORIDE BATTERIES
AB Operation of the sodium-nickel chloride battery at temperatures below 200 degrees C reduces cell degradation and improves cyclability. One of the main technical issues with operating this battery at intermediate temperatures such as 175 degrees C is the poor wettability of molten sodium on beta ''-alumina solid electrolyte (BASE), which causes reduced active area and limits charging. In order to overcome the poor wettability of molten sodium on BASE at 175 degrees C, a Pt grid was applied on the anode side of the BASE using a screen printing technique. Cells with their active area increased by metallized SASEs exhibited deeper charging and stable cycling behavior. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Y.; Lemmon, John P.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Kim, JY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Jin.Kim@pnnl.gov
FU Energy Storage Systems program; Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This work is supported by the Energy Storage Systems program, which is
managed by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity
Delivery & Energy Reliability. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is
a multiprogram laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for
the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
EI 1873-2755
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 249
BP 414
EP 417
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.110
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 297LG
UT WOS:000330256300053
ER
PT J
AU Bloom, I
Trahey, L
Abouimrane, A
Belharouak, I
Zhang, XF
Wu, QL
Lu, WQ
Abraham, DP
Bettge, M
Elam, JW
Meng, XB
Burrell, AK
Ban, CM
Tenent, R
Nanda, J
Dudney, N
AF Bloom, Ira
Trahey, Lynn
Abouimrane, Ali
Belharouak, Ilias
Zhang, Xiaofeng
Wu, Qingliu
Lu, Wenquan
Abraham, Daniel P.
Bettge, Martin
Elam, Jeffrey W.
Meng, Xiangbo
Burrell, Anthony K.
Ban, Chunmei
Tenent, Robert
Nanda, Jagjit
Dudney, Nancy
TI Effect of interface modifications on voltage fade in
0.5Li(2)MnO(3)center dot 0.5LiNi(0.375)Mn(0.375)CO(0.25)O(2) cathode
materials
SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium-ion batteries; Composite cathode materials; Voltage fade;
Coatings; Electrolyte additives
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; RICH COMPOSITE CATHODE;
ELECTROLYTE ADDITIVES; SURFACE MODIFICATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR;
POSITIVE ELECTRODE; LICOO2 CATHODE; PERFORMANCE; STABILITY
AB The effects of the coatings Al2O3, LiAIO(5), ZrO2, TiO2, AlPO4, and LiPON and of the electrolyte additives 3-hexylthiophene and lithium difluoro (oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) on the voltage fade phenomenon in 0.5Li(2)Mn0(3)center dot 0.5LiNi(0.375)Mn(0.375)Co(0.25)O(2) cathodes were investigated. Cells containing these materials or additives were cycled according to a standard protocol at room temperature between 2.0 and 4.7 V vs. Li/Li. As expected, the cells containing either an additive or a coated cathode displayed less capacity loss than cells containing an uncoated cathode and no additive. The voltage fade phenomenon was quantified in terms of changes in the average cell voltage (Wh/Ah). The results indicate that, within experimental error, all of the coatings and additives produced little-to-no effect on voltage fade. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bloom, Ira; Trahey, Lynn; Abouimrane, Ali; Belharouak, Ilias; Zhang, Xiaofeng; Wu, Qingliu; Lu, Wenquan; Abraham, Daniel P.; Bettge, Martin; Burrell, Anthony K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Elam, Jeffrey W.; Meng, Xiangbo] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Ban, Chunmei; Tenent, Robert] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Nanda, Jagjit; Dudney, Nancy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bloom, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM ira.bloom@anl.gov
FU U.S Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies
[DE-ACO2-06CH11357]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; Vehicles Technology Office of the DOE Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) [24282]; Vehicle Technologies
Program for the EERE [DE-ACO5000R22725]
FX The work at Argonne National Laboratory was performed under the auspices
of the U.S Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies,
under Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. J. W. Elam and X. Meng were
supported as part of the Center for Electrical Energy Storage: Tailored
Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the DOE, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Robert Tenent and Chunmei
Ban thank Dr. Peter Faguy for funding under the Applied Batteries
Research (ABR) program from the Vehicles Technology Office of the DOE
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under DOE
Agreement #24282. The research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed
by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under contract DE-ACO5000R22725, is
sponsored by the Vehicle Technologies Program for the EERE.
NR 54
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 12
U2 201
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-7753
EI 1873-2755
J9 J POWER SOURCES
JI J. Power Sources
PD MAR 1
PY 2014
VL 249
BP 509
EP 514
DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.035
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA 297LG
UT WOS:000330256300065
ER
PT J
AU Iqbal, M
ul Islam, G
Saleem, S
Herrmannsfeldt, WB
AF Iqbal, Munawar
ul Islam, Ghalib
Saleem, Safa
Herrmannsfeldt, W. B.
TI Optimization of the hairpin-source electron gun using EGUN
SO VACUUM
LA English
DT Article
DE Emission density; Power density; Beam convergence; EGUN
ID POINT CATHODE; BEAM; SURFACE
AB We present a comparison of the experimental and simulated results of the thermionic hairpin-source, electron beam assembly using the SLAC electron beam trajectory program (EGUN). The gun was optimized for maximum emission current density and beam convergence in the post anode region. Therefore, by optimizing different parameters, an emission current density of 32 A/cm(2) with maximum beam convergence of 0.9 mm was obtained. This corresponds to a power density of 3.29 x 10(5) W/cm(2) at the focus point. As this was accomplished without the aid of magnetic focusing, the assembly was much simplified. The gun can now be used for electron devices and accelerator technology which require high current and power densities. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Iqbal, Munawar; ul Islam, Ghalib; Saleem, Safa] Univ Punjab, Ctr High Energy Phys, Lahore, Pakistan.
[Herrmannsfeldt, W. B.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
RP Iqbal, M (reprint author), Univ Punjab, Ctr High Energy Phys, Lahore, Pakistan.
EM muniqbal@yahoo.com
FU Centre for High Energy Physics, University of Punjab Lahore, Pakistan;
Higher Education commission of Pakistan
FX We are highly grateful to Centre for High Energy Physics, University of
Punjab Lahore, Pakistan and Higher Education commission of Pakistan for
providing computational facilities and funding to accomplish this work.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0042-207X
J9 VACUUM
JI Vacuum
PD MAR
PY 2014
VL 101
SI SI
BP 157
EP 162
DI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2013.08.005
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 295UY
UT WOS:000330143000029
ER
PT J
AU Zawadzki, RJ
Capps, AG
Kim, DY
Panorgias, A
Stevenson, SB
Hamann, B
Werner, JS
AF Zawadzki, Robert J.
Capps, Arlie G.
Kim, Dae Yu
Panorgias, Athanasios
Stevenson, Scott B.
Hamann, Bernd
Werner, John S.
TI Progress on Developing Adaptive Optics-Optical Coherence Tomography for
In Vivo Retinal Imaging: Monitoring and Correction of Eye Motion
Artifacts
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aberration compensation; adaptive optics; imaging system; motion
artifact correction; ophthalmology; optical coherence tomography;
scanning laser ophthalmoscopy
ID SCANNING LASER OPHTHALMOSCOPY; SCATTERED DATA INTERPOLATION; NERVE-FIBER
BUNDLES; LIVING HUMAN RETINA; ULTRAHIGH-RESOLUTION; HIGH-SPEED; CONE
PHOTORECEPTORS; LIGHT; INTERFEROMETRY; NEUROPATHIES
AB Recent progress in retinal image acquisition techniques, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), combined with improved performance of adaptive optics (AO) instrumentation, has resulted in improvement in the quality of in vivo images of cellular structures in the human retina. Here, we present a short review of progress on developing AO-OCT instruments. Despite significant progress in imaging speed and resolution, eye movements present during acquisition of a retinal image with OCT introduce motion artifacts into the image, complicating analysis and registration. This effect is especially pronounced in high-resolution datasets acquired with AO-OCT instruments. Several retinal tracking systems have been introduced to correct retinal motion during data acquisition. We present a method for correcting motion artifacts in AO-OCT volume data after acquisition using simultaneously captured adaptive optics-scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO-SLO) images. We extract transverse eye motion data from the AO-SLO images, assign a motion adjustment vector to each AO-OCTA-scan, and re-sample from the scattered data back onto a regular grid. The corrected volume data improve the accuracy of quantitative analyses of microscopic structures.
C1 [Zawadzki, Robert J.; Kim, Dae Yu; Panorgias, Athanasios; Werner, John S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Vis Sci & Adv Retinal Imaging Lab VSRI, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
[Zawadzki, Robert J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Cell Biol & Human Anat, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
[Capps, Arlie G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Vis Sci & Adv Retinal Imaging Lab VSRI, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Capps, Arlie G.; Hamann, Bernd] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, IDAV, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Capps, Arlie G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Stevenson, Scott B.] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
RP Zawadzki, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ophthalmol & Vis Sci, Vis Sci & Adv Retinal Imaging Lab VSRI, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.
EM rjzawadzki@ucdavis.edu; agcapps@ucdavis.edu; dyukim@ucdavis.edu;
apanorgias@ucdavis.edu; SBStevenson@UH.edu; hamann@cs.ucdavis.edu;
jswerner@ucdavis.edu
RI Zawadzki, Robert/E-7534-2011
OI Zawadzki, Robert/0000-0002-9574-156X
FU National Eye Institute [EY 014743]; Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB);
U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344.LLNL-JRNL-639865]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Scot Olivier and
Steve Jones of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the VSRI
UC Davis lab members Suman Pilli, Ravi Jonnal and Susan Garcia. This
research was supported by the National Eye Institute (EY 014743) and
Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB). It also performed, in part, under
the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.LLNL-JRNL-639865
NR 92
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 21
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1077-260X
EI 1558-4542
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
AR 7100912
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2013.2288302
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 293TS
UT WOS:000329997200029
ER
PT J
AU Beerer, D
McDonell, V
Therkelsen, P
Cheng, RK
AF Beerer, David
McDonell, Vincent
Therkelsen, Peter
Cheng, Robert K.
TI Flashback and Turbulent Flame Speed Measurements in Hydrogen/Methane
Flames Stabilized by a Low-Swirl Injector at Elevated Pressures and
Temperatures
SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID PREMIXED GAS-TURBINES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION
AB This paper reports flashback limits and turbulent flame local displacement speed measurements in flames stabilized by a low swirl injector operated at elevated pressures and inlet temperatures with hydrogen and methane blended fuels. The goal of this study is to understand the physics that relate turbulent flame speed to flashback events at conditions relevant to gas turbine engines. Testing was conducted in an optically accessible single nozzle combustor rig at pressures ranging from 1 to 8 atm, inlet temperatures from 290 to 600 K, and inlet bulk velocities between 20 and 60 m/s for natural gas and a 90%/10% (by volume) hydrogen/methane blend. The propensity of flashback is dependent upon the proximity of the lifted flame to the nozzle that is itself dependent upon pressure, inlet temperature, and bulk velocity. Flashback occurs when the leading edge of the flame in the core of the flow ingresses within the nozzle, even in cases when the flame is attached to the burner rim. In general the adiabatic flame temperature at flashback is proportional to the bulk velocity and inlet temperature and inversely proportional to the pressure. The unburned reactant velocity field approaching the flame was measured using a laser Doppler velocimeter with water seeding. Turbulent displacement flame speeds were found to be linearly proportional to the root mean square of the velocity fluctuations about the mean velocity. For identical inlet conditions, high-hydrogen flames had a turbulent flame local displacement speed roughly twice that of natural gas flames. Pressure, inlet temperature, and flame temperature had surprisingly little effect on the local displacement turbulent flame speed. However, the flow field is affected by changes in inlet conditions and is the link between turbulent flame speed, flame position, and flashback propensity.
C1 [Beerer, David; McDonell, Vincent] UC Irvine Combust Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Therkelsen, Peter; Cheng, Robert K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP McDonell, V (reprint author), UC Irvine Combust Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM djb@ucicl.uci.edu; vgm@ucicl.uci.edu; ptherkelsen@lbl.gov;
rkcheng@lbl.gov
FU California Energy Commission (CEC); Naval Office of Research; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; [500-08-034]
FX The authors would like to thank the students and staff at the UCICL for
their assistance, specifically Adrian Narvaez, Joe Velasco, Kyl