FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Costa, A Keane, MM Raftery, P O'Donnell, J AF Costa, Andrea Keane, Marcus M. Raftery, Paul O'Donnell, James TI Key factors methodology-A novel support to the decision making process of the building energy manager in defining optimal operation strategies SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Building energy manager; Building energy simulation; Decision making process; Building operation strategies; Energy consumption; Thermal comfort ID SYSTEM AB This paper presents the key factors methodology that supports energy managers in determining the optimal building operation strategy in relation to both energy consumption and thermal comfort. The methodology is supported by the utilization of calibrated building energy simulation models that match measured data gathered by an extensive measurement framework Building management systems, do not allow energy managers to test the impact of changes in control settings of energy systems on energy consumption and thermal comfort. The proposed methodology and prototype tool chain enables energy managers to virtually develop and test the impact of proposed changes to the control settings in the building energy systems prior to their implementation in the physical building. The paper outlines the proposed methodology defining the underpinning concepts and illustrating the performance metrics required to capture the effect of different building operation strategies. A case study is discussed to demonstrate the application of the methodology. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Costa, Andrea; Keane, Marcus M.; Raftery, Paul] Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Civil Engn, IRUSE, Galway, Ireland. [O'Donnell, James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Costa, A (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Dept Civil Engn, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland. EM andrea.costa@nuigalway.ie FU Enterprise Ireland (BuildWise project); Science Foundation Ireland (ITOBO project) FX This paper was made possible by funding from Enterprise Ireland (BuildWise project) and Science Foundation Ireland (ITOBO project). NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 EI 1872-6178 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 49 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.02.001 PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 966ZI UT WOS:000305875500017 ER PT J AU Edwards, RE New, J Parker, LE AF Edwards, Richard E. New, Joshua Parker, Lynne E. TI Predicting future hourly residential electrical consumption: A machine learning case study SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Energy modeling; Sensors; Machine learning ID BUILDING ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; EM ALGORITHM; REGRESSION AB Traditional whole building energy modeling suffers from several factors, including the large number of inputs required for building characterization, simplifying assumptions, and the gap between the as-designed and as-built building. Prior work has attempted to mitigate these problems by using sensor-based machine learning approaches to statistically model energy consumption, applying the techniques primarily to commercial building data, which makes use of hourly consumption data. It is unclear, however, whether these techniques can translate to residential buildings, since the energy usage patterns may vary significantly. Until now, most residential modeling research only had access to monthly electrical consumption data. In this article, we report on the evaluation of seven different machine learning algorithms applied to a new residential data set that contains sensor measurements collected every 15 min, with the objective of determining which techniques are most successful for predicting next hour residential building consumption. We first validate each learner's correctness on the ASHRAE Great Energy Prediction Shootout, confirming existing conclusions that Neural Network-based methods perform best on commercial buildings. However, our additional results show that these methods perform poorly on residential data, and that Least Squares Support Vector Machines perform best - a technique not previously applied to this domain. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Edwards, Richard E.; Parker, Lynne E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [New, Joshua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Bldg Envelopes Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Edwards, RE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM redwar15@eecs.utk.edu; newjr@ornl.gov; parker@eecs.utk.edu FU Department of Energy Building Technology Activity [CEBT105, BT0305000]; Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA); U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was funded by field work proposal CEBT105 under the Department of Energy Building Technology Activity number BT0305000. The Campbell Creek research project was funded by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The authors would like to thank David Dinse (TVA CC project manager), Jeff Christian (ORNL CC project manager), Tony Gehl (ORNL data acquisition system and entropy warrior), and Philip Boudreaux (occupancy simulation expert) for providing the data that made this study possible. We also appreciate the anonymous review comments, which helped us improve this paper's discussion.; Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Dept. of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 33 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 49 BP 591 EP 603 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.03.010 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 966ZI UT WOS:000305875500069 ER PT J AU Graw, F Leitner, T Ribeiro, RM AF Graw, Frederik Leitner, Thomas Ribeiro, Ruy M. TI Agent-based and phylogenetic analyses reveal how HIV-1 moves between risk groups: Injecting drug users sustain the heterosexual epidemic in Latvia SO EPIDEMICS LA English DT Article DE Agent-based model; Social structure; Transmission chain; Evolution; Phylodynamics ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; POPULATION BIOLOGY; EVOLUTIONARY RATE; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; EASTERN-EUROPE; SUBTYPE-B; TRANSMISSION AB Injecting drug users (IDUs) are a driving force for the spread of HIV-1 in Latvia and other Baltic States, accounting for a majority of cases. However, in recent years, heterosexual cases have increased disproportionately. It is unclear how the changes in incidence patterns in Latvia can be explained, and how important IDUs are for the heterosexual sub-epidemic. We introduce a novel epidemic model and use phylogenetic analyses in parallel to examine the spread of HIV-1 in Latvia between 1987 and 2010. Using a hybrid framework with a mean-field description for the susceptible population and an agent-based model for the infecteds. we track infected individuals and follow transmission histories dynamically formed during the simulation. The agent-based simulations and the phylogenetic analysis show that more than half of the heterosexual transmissions in Latvia were caused by IDU, which sustain the heterosexual epidemic. Indeed, we find that heterosexual clusters are characterized by short transmission chains with up to 63% of the chains dying out after the first introduction. In the simulations, the distribution of transmission chain sizes follows a power law distribution, which is confirmed by the phylogenetic data. Our models indicate that frequent introductions reduced the extinction probability of an autonomously spreading heterosexual HIV-1 epidemic, which now has the potential to dominate the spread of the overall epidemic in the future. Furthermore, our model shows that social heterogeneity of the susceptible population can explain the shift in HIV-1 incidence in Latvia over the course of the epidemic. Thus, the decrease in IDU incidence may be due to local heterogeneities in transmission, rather than the implementation of control measures. Increases in susceptibles, through social or geographic movement of IDU, could lead to a boost in HIV-1 infections in this risk group. Targeting individuals that bridge social groups would help prevent further spread of the epidemic. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Graw, Frederik; Leitner, Thomas; Ribeiro, Ruy M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ribeiro, RM (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Mol Med, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. EM ruy@lanl.gov OI Ribeiro, Ruy/0000-0002-3988-8241 FU U.S. Department of Energy; NIH [5R01AI08752002, AI028433]; National Center for Research Resources; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) [8R01-OD011095-21]; European Union [PCOFUND-GA-2009-246542]; Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal FX We thank Helena Skar and Tim Wallstrom for helpful discussions. Portions of this work were done under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy. Funding support from NIH through grants 5R01AI08752002 and AI028433 and the National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) through grant 8R01-OD011095-21. RMR has received partial funding from the European Union 7th Framework Programme under grant no. PCOFUND-GA-2009-246542 and from the Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal. The funding agencies had no role in study design, analysis of data and the preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1755-4365 J9 EPIDEMICS-NETH JI Epidemics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 BP 104 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.epidem.2012.04.002 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 966UG UT WOS:000305862300006 PM 22664069 ER PT J AU Nickels, JD Curtis, JE O'Neill, H Sokolov, AP AF Nickels, Jonathan D. Curtis, Joseph E. O'Neill, Hugh Sokolov, Alexei P. TI Role of methyl groups in dynamics and evolution of biomolecules SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Protein dynamics; RNA world; RNA dynamics; Nucleic acid dynamics ID NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEIN DYNAMICS; HYDROPHOBIC CORE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; TRANSFER-RNA; HYDRATION; ENZYME; SIMULATIONS; TRANSITION; CATALYSIS AB Recent studies have discovered strong differences between the dynamics of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and proteins, especially at low hydration and low temperatures. This difference is caused primarily by dynamics of methyl groups that are abundant in proteins, but are absent or very rare in RNA and DNA. In this paper, we present a hypothesis regarding the role of methyl groups as intrinsic plasticizers in proteins and their evolutionary selection to facilitate protein dynamics and activity. We demonstrate the profound effect methyl groups have on protein dynamics relative to nucleic acid dynamics, and note the apparent correlation of methyl group content in protein classes and their need for molecular flexibility. Moreover, we note the fastest methyl groups of some enzymes appear around dynamical centers such as hinges or active sites. Methyl groups are also of tremendous importance from a hydrophobicity/folding/entropy perspective. These significant roles, however, complement our hypothesis rather than preclude the recognition of methyl groups in the dynamics and evolution of biomolecules. C1 [Nickels, Jonathan D.; Sokolov, Alexei P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Nickels, Jonathan D.; Sokolov, Alexei P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Neutron Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Curtis, Joseph E.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [O'Neill, Hugh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Energy & Environm Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Nickels, JD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jnickels@alumni.nd.edu; sokolov@utk.edu RI Nickels, Jonathan/I-1913-2012; OI Nickels, Jonathan/0000-0001-8351-7846; O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527 FU DOE support through the EPSCoR program [DE-FG02-08ER46528]; SNS through UT-Battelle; Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB); Office of Biological and Environmental Research under FWP [ERKP291]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX JDN and APS acknowledge DOE support through the EPSCoR program (grant DE-FG02-08ER46528) and support from SNS through UT-Battelle. HON acknowledges support of the Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB) funded by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research under FWP ERKP291, using facilities supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0092-0606 J9 J BIOL PHYS JI J. Biol. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 3 BP 497 EP 505 DI 10.1007/s10867-012-9268-6 PG 9 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 968DQ UT WOS:000305957600008 PM 23729910 ER PT J AU Chen, XJ Dinh, NP Zhao, J Wang, YT Li, SP Svec, F AF Chen, Xiao-Jia Ngoc Phuoc Dinh Zhao, Jing Wang, Yi-Tao Li, Shao-Ping Svec, Frantisek TI Effect of ion adsorption on CEC separation of small molecules using hypercrosslinked porous polymer monolithic capillary columns SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Capillary electrochromatography; Hypercrosslinking; Ion adsorption; Polymer monolith ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STEARYL-ACRYLATE MONOLITHS; LARGE SURFACE-AREA; STATIONARY PHASES; EFFICIENT SEPARATION; ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY; PEPTIDES; SOLUTES; MEDIA; PROTEINS AB Both poly(styrene-co-vinylbenzyl chloride-co-divinylbenzene) and poly(4-methylstyrene-co-vinylbenzyl chloride-co-divinylbenzene) monolithic columns have been hypercrosslinked and for the first time used to achieve capillary electrochromatographic separations. Although these columns do not contain ionizable functionalities, electroosmotic flow was observed due to adsorption of ions from a buffer solution contained in the mobile phase on the surface of the hydrophobic polymer. An increase of more than one order of magnitude was observed with the use of both monolithic polymers. The hypercrosslinking reaction creates a large surface area thus enabling adsorption of a much larger number of ions. Alkylbenzenes were successfully separated using the hypercrosslinked monolithic columns. C1 [Chen, Xiao-Jia; Svec, Frantisek] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ngoc Phuoc Dinh] Umea Univ, Dept Chem, Umea, Sweden. [Ngoc Phuoc Dinh] Merck SeQuant AB, Umea, Sweden. RP Svec, F (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lishaoping@hotmail.com; fsvec@lbl.gov RI Chen, Xiao-jia/E-4425-2017 OI Chen, Xiao-jia/0000-0001-5872-5790 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of Macau [UL015/09-Y4] FX All experimental and characterization work performed at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and F. S. were supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Financial support of X. C. by a grant of University of Macau (UL015/09-Y4) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9306 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 12 BP 1502 EP 1505 DI 10.1002/jssc.201200138 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 968UP UT WOS:000306010900013 PM 22740260 ER PT J AU Bordbar, A Mo, ML Nakayasu, ES Schrimpe-Rutledge, AC Kim, YM Metz, TO Jones, MB Frank, BC Smith, RD Peterson, SN Hyduke, DR Adkins, JN Palsson, BO AF Bordbar, Aarash Mo, Monica L. Nakayasu, Ernesto S. Schrimpe-Rutledge, Alexandra C. Kim, Young-Mo Metz, Thomas O. Jones, Marcus B. Frank, Bryan C. Smith, Richard D. Peterson, Scott N. Hyduke, Daniel R. Adkins, Joshua N. Palsson, Bernhard O. TI Model-driven multi-omic data analysis elucidates metabolic immunomodulators of macrophage activation SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE constraint-based modeling; immunometabolism; metabolic network reconstruction; RAW 264.7 ID INDUCIBLE NITRIC-OXIDE; MOUSE PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; RAW 264.7 MACROPHAGES; MURINE MACROPHAGES; CELL-LINE; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE; LIPOTEICHOIC ACID; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; KETONE-BODIES; NETWORK AB Macrophages are central players in immune response, manifesting divergent phenotypes to control inflammation and innate immunity through release of cytokines and other signaling factors. Recently, the focus on metabolism has been reemphasized as critical signaling and regulatory pathways of human pathophysiology, ranging from cancer to aging, often converge on metabolic responses. Here, we used genome-scale modeling and multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) analysis to assess metabolic features that are critical for macrophage activation. We constructed a genome-scale metabolic network for the RAW 264.7 cell line to determine metabolic modulators of activation. Metabolites well-known to be associated with immunoactivation (glucose and arginine) and immunosuppression (tryptophan and vitamin D3) were among the most critical effectors. Intracellular metabolic mechanisms were assessed, identifying a suppressive role for de-novo nucleotide synthesis. Finally, underlying metabolic mechanisms of macrophage activation are identified by analyzing multi-omic data obtained from LPS-stimulated RAW cells in the context of our flux-based predictions. Our study demonstrates metabolism's role in regulating activation may be greater than previously anticipated and elucidates underlying connections between activation and metabolic effectors. Molecular Systems Biology 8: 558; published online 26 June 2012; doi:10.1038/msb.2012.21 C1 [Bordbar, Aarash; Mo, Monica L.; Hyduke, Daniel R.; Palsson, Bernhard O.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Nakayasu, Ernesto S.; Schrimpe-Rutledge, Alexandra C.; Kim, Young-Mo; Metz, Thomas O.; Frank, Bryan C.; Smith, Richard D.; Adkins, Joshua N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jones, Marcus B.; Peterson, Scott N.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. RP Palsson, BO (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, 417 Powell Focht Bioengn Hall,9500 Gilman Dr,Mail, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM palsson@ucsd.edu RI Kim, Young-Mo/D-3282-2009; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Adkins, Joshua/B-9881-2013; OI Kim, Young-Mo/0000-0002-8972-7593; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700; Metz, Tom/0000-0001-6049-3968 FU US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Y1-AI-8401-01]; National Institutes of Health [GM068837] FX We would like to thank Nathan E Lewis for helping us with the figures. This work was supported by the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases agreement Y1-AI-8401-01 and the National Institutes of Health Grant GM068837. Proteomics analyses were performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a US DOE BER national scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory using instrumentation developed under support from the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and the NIH National Center for Research Resources (RR018522). NR 77 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 54 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1744-4292 J9 MOL SYST BIOL JI Mol. Syst. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 AR 558 DI 10.1038/msb.2012.21 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 968AQ UT WOS:000305949800001 PM 22735334 ER PT J AU Kim, SW Nam, KW Seo, DH Hong, J Kim, H Gwon, H Kang, K AF Kim, Sung-Wook Nam, Kyung-Wan Seo, Dong-Hwa Hong, Jihyun Kim, Hyungsub Gwon, Hyeokjo Kang, Kisuk TI Energy storage in composites of a redox couple host and a lithium ion host SO NANO TODAY LA English DT Article DE Energy storage; Li -ion batteries; Electrochemistry; Positive electrode; Composite materials ID METAL FLUORIDE NANOCOMPOSITES; CATHODE MATERIAL; HIGH-POWER; BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY AB The quest for new positive electrodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries has been escalating in recent years. Until now, candidates of positive electrode were limited to crystals that contain both redox-active element (usually transition-metal) and lithium ion in the open framework with few exceptions. Here, we demonstrate lithium-free compounds, a material with little activity by itself, can be activated electrochemically by addition of LiF after the first charging. This general strategy is exemplified in various lithium-free iron compounds. Reversible lithium ion extraction and reinsertion take place for Fe2+F2, Fe2+ SO4, and Fe22+P2O7, when blended with LiF in nanoscale, in which a simultaneous valence change of Fe2+/3+ occurs above 3 V. FeF2-LiF could deliver 190 mAh g(-1) (similar to 3.53 V) at 50 mA g(-1) which is even higher energy density than that crystalline LiFePO4 can offer. Various combinations of blending are possible using this approach, which can bring a new branch of material group for positive electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Sung-Wook; Seo, Dong-Hwa; Hong, Jihyun; Kim, Hyungsub; Kang, Kisuk] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Nam, Kyung-Wan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gwon, Hyeokjo] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Kang, K (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. EM matlgen1@snu.ac.kr RI Nam, Kyung-Wan Nam/G-9271-2011; Kim, Jinsoo/G-3929-2012; Kim, Hyungsub/J-6018-2014; Nam, Kyung-Wan/E-9063-2015; Hong, Jihyun/G-5146-2012; Gwon, Hyeokjo/B-9821-2011; Seo, Dong-Hwa/D-1446-2011; Nam, Kyung-Wan/B-9029-2013; Kim, Sung-Wook/B-9818-2011; Kang, Kisuk/B-5776-2011 OI Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Hong, Jihyun/0000-0001-7210-2901; Seo, Dong-Hwa/0000-0002-7200-7186; Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Kim, Sung-Wook/0000-0002-5537-4793; FU Energy Efficiency and Resources R&D program under the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea [20112020100070]; Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy [20114010203120]; Converging Research Center Program through the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011K000691]; Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage; Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. DOE, BES [DE-SC0001294] FX This work was supported by Energy Efficiency and Resources R&D program (20112020100070) under the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea. This work was also supported by Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of Knowledge Economy (20114010203120) and by the Converging Research Center Program through the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011K000691). The work at BNL was supported by the Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage, and Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. DOE, BES under award No. DE-SC0001294. The authors would like to express their gratitude to Professor Glen. G. Amatucci for his valuable discussion in this work. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1748-0132 J9 NANO TODAY JI Nano Today PD JUN PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 BP 168 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.nantod.2012.04.004 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 969BX UT WOS:000306031800006 ER PT J AU Galland, C Ghosh, Y Steinbruck, A Hollingsworth, JA Htoon, H Klimov, VI AF Galland, Christophe Ghosh, Yagnaseni Steinbrueck, Andrea Hollingsworth, Jennifer A. Htoon, Han Klimov, Victor I. TI Lifetime blinking in nonblinking nanocrystal quantum dots SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; INTERMITTENCY; INTENSITY; CHARGE AB Nanocrystal quantum dots are attractive materials for applications as nanoscale light sources. One impediment to these applications is fluctuations of single-dot emission intensity, known as blinking. Recent progress in colloidal synthesis has produced nonblinking nanocrystals; however, the physics underlying blinking suppression remains unclear. Here we find that ultra-thick-shell CdSe/CdS nanocrystals can exhibit pronounced fluctuations in the emission lifetimes (lifetime blinking), despite stable nonblinking emission intensity. We demonstrate that lifetime variations are due to switching between the neutral and negatively charged state of the nanocrystal. Negative charging results in faster radiative decay but does not appreciably change the overall emission intensity because of suppressed nonradiative Auger recombination for negative trions. The Auger process involving excitation of a hole (positive trion pathway) remains efficient and is responsible for charging with excess electrons, which occurs via Auger-assisted ionization of biexcitons accompanied by ejection of holes. C1 [Galland, Christophe; Htoon, Han; Klimov, Victor I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Galland, Christophe; Klimov, Victor I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ghosh, Yagnaseni; Steinbrueck, Andrea; Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ghosh, Yagnaseni; Steinbrueck, Andrea; Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.; Htoon, Han] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Htoon, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM htoon@lanl.gov; klimov@lanl.gov RI Galland, Christophe/A-1075-2013; OI Galland, Christophe/0000-0001-5627-0796; Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179; Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896 FU Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development Funds; NIH-NIGMS [1R01GM084702-01]; BES, DOE [2009LANL1096] FX C.G. and V.I.K. acknowledge support from the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Y.G. and A.S. were supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development Funds, which also provided support for C.G. J.A.H. is partially supported by NIH-NIGMS Grant 1R01GM084702-01. H.H. acknowledges a Single-Investigator Small-Group Research Award (2009LANL1096), BES, DOE. This work was conducted, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE/BES user facility. C.G. thanks Benjamin D. Mangum for technical assistance. NR 34 TC 106 Z9 106 U1 5 U2 116 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 3 AR 908 DI 10.1038/ncomms1916 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 970AG UT WOS:000306099900035 PM 22713750 ER PT J AU Nica, N Singh, B AF Nica, Ninel Singh, Balraj TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=34 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; HIGH-SPIN STATES; N=20 SHELL CLOSURE; FERMI BETA-DECAY; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE; LOW-LYING LEVELS; S-D SHELL; N = 20; PROTON TRANSITION DENSITIES AB Nuclear spectroscopic information for experimentally investigated nuclides of mass 34 (Ne, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, K, Ca) has been evaluated. The principal sources of the Adopted Levels presented for nuclides close to the stability line are Endt's evaluations (1990En08, 1978En02). The data sets for reactions and decays, including all available gamma-ray data, are based mostly on the original literature. There are no data available for the excited states in Ne-34 and Na-34. The existence of the K-34 and Ca-34 nuclides has been searched and reported in a secondary publication but no evidence was found for their detection. Both nuclides are possible candidates for one or two-proton emission. Only upper limits of half-lives have been proposed based on expected cross sections. Decay schemes for the p decays of Ne-34, Na-34, Mg-34, and Si-34 are not known. Very little information is available for beta-delayed neutron decays of Na-35, Mg-35 and Si-35 which lead to population of levels in A=34 nuclides. Neutron-rich nuclides in this mass region are relevant to "island of inversion'. C1 [Nica, Ninel] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Nica, Ninel] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Singh, Balraj] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. RP Nica, N (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office Science of the DOE of the United States; NSERC of Canada FX Work supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics, Office Science of the DOE of the United States. At McMaster, partial funding was received from the NSERC of Canada. NR 394 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD JUN-JUL PY 2012 VL 113 IS 6-7 BP 1563 EP 1733 DI 10.1016/j.nds.2012.06.001 PG 171 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 966TE UT WOS:000305859500001 ER PT J AU McCutchan, EA AF McCutchan, E. A. TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=68 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPIN STATES; PROTON INELASTIC-SCATTERING; BEAM GAMMA-SPECTROSCOPY; NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; FP-SHELL NUCLEI; ELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; MULTIPLE BAND-STRUCTURES; LYING COLLECTIVE STATES; NEGATIVE-PARITY STATES; RAY MAXIMUM ENERGY AB The experimental results from the various reaction and radioactive decay studies leading to nuclides in the A=68 mass chain have been reviewed. Nuclides ranging from Cr (Z=24) to Br (Z=35) are included. For these nuclei, level and decay schemes, as well as tables of nuclear properties, are given. This work supersedes the previous evaluation of the data on these nuclides (2002Bu29). C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McCutchan, EA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10946] FX Research sponsored by Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, US Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-98CH10946. NR 340 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD JUN-JUL PY 2012 VL 113 IS 6-7 BP 1735 EP 1870 DI 10.1016/j.nds.2012.06.002 PG 136 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 966TE UT WOS:000305859500002 ER PT J AU Cekic, BDJ Umicevic, AB Ivanovski, VN Hu, RW Petrovic, C David, B Barudzija, T AF Cekic, Bozidar D. J. Umicevic, Ana B. Ivanovski, Valentin N. Hu, Rongwei Petrovic, Cedomir David, Bohumil Barudzija, Tanja TI PERTURBED ANGULAR CORRELATION INVESTIGATION OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD GRADIENT AT Ta-181 PROBE IN THE Hf2Ni7 COMPOUND SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY & RADIATION PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE intermetallics; hyperfine interactions; perturbed angular correlation; magnetization; X-ray diffraction ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS; HF ALLOY; ZR2NI7 AB The perturbed angular correlation method was employed to study the temperature dependence of electric field gradients at the Ta-181 probe in the polycrystalline Hf2Ni7 compound. The temperature evolution of the sample content was measured using high-temperature X-ray diffraction. To check the magnetic order of the sample, magnetization measurements and additional perturbed angular correlation measurements with externally applied magnetic field were performed. All obtained spectra showed no evidence of magnetic order of the Hf2Ni7 phase. Within the experimental resolution of the apparatus, the measured electric field gradients at Ta-181 probe for the two inequivalent Hf-181/Ta-181 sites in the Hf2Ni7 compound appeared as one in the range of 78-944 K. A single quadrupole interaction implies that the electric field gradients at the two Hf sites must be quite similar. At 293 K, the measured quadrupole interaction parameters are v(Q) = 433(1) MHz and eta = 0.300(4). An increase of the quadrupole frequency and a gradual rising of the asymmetry parameter were observed with increasing temperature. The high-temperature X-ray diffraction indicated a build up of HfO2 above 693 K. C1 [Cekic, Bozidar D. J.; Umicevic, Ana B.; Ivanovski, Valentin N.; Barudzija, Tanja] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Hu, Rongwei; Petrovic, Cedomir] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [David, Bohumil] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys Mat, Brno, Czech Republic. RP Umicevic, AB (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. EM umicev@vinca.rs RI Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; David, Bohumil/E-3689-2012 OI Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia [171001]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-Ac02-98CH10886] FX This work has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia, Grant No. 171001. This work was partly carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is operated for the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy by Brookhaven Science Associates (DE-Ac02-98CH10886) (C. P. and R. H.). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU VINCA INST NUCLEAR SCI PI BELGRADE PA MIHAJLA PETROVICA-ALASA 12-14 VINCA, 11037 BELGRADE. POB 522, BELGRADE, 11001, SERBIA SN 1451-3994 J9 NUCL TECHNOL RADIAT JI Nucl. Technol. Radiat. Prot. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.2298/NTRP1202095C PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 969DT UT WOS:000306036600001 ER PT J AU Fang, AA Huang, Z Koschny, T Soukoulis, CM AF Fang, Anan Huang, Zhixiang Koschny, Thomas Soukoulis, Costas M. TI Loss compensated negative index material at optical wavelengths SO PHOTONICS AND NANOSTRUCTURES-FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Fishnet metamaterial; Gain materials; Loss compensation; Magnetic resonance ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; METAMATERIALS; GAIN AB We present a computational approach, allowing for a self-consistent treatment of three-dimensional (3D) fishnet metamaterial operating at 710 nm wavelength coupled to a gain material incorporated into the nanostructure. We show numerically that loss-free negative index material is achievable by incorporating gain material inside the fishnet structure. The effective gain coefficient of the combined fishnet-gain system is much larger than its bulk counterpart and the figure-of-merit (FOM = vertical bar Re(n)/Im(n)vertical bar) increases dramatically with gain. Transmission, reflection, and absorption data, as well as the retrieved effective parameters, are presented for the fishnet structure with and without gain. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fang, Anan; Huang, Zhixiang; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Fang, Anan; Huang, Zhixiang; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Huang, Zhixiang] Anhui Univ, Key Lab Intelligent Comp & Signal Proc, Hefei 230039, Peoples R China. [Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Univ Crete, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Univ Crete, Inst Elect Struct & Laser, FORTH, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Fang, AA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM aafang@iastate.edu RI Huang, Zhixiang/C-3416-2014; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 OI Huang, Zhixiang/0000-0002-8023-9075; FU Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; European Community FET project PHOME [213390]; Laboratory-Directed Research and Development Program at Sandia National Laboratories; National Natural Science Foundation of China [60931002] FX Work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences) under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work was partially supported by the European Community FET project PHOME (Contract No. 213390) and by Laboratory-Directed Research and Development Program at Sandia National Laboratories. The author Z. Huang gratefully acknowledges support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60931002). NR 36 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1569-4410 J9 PHOTONIC NANOSTRUCT JI Photonics Nanostruct. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 3 BP 276 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.photonics.2011.05.003 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 967AE UT WOS:000305877700007 ER PT J AU Fiksel, G Hu, SX Goncharov, VA Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Smalyuk, VA Yaakobi, B Bonino, MJ Jungquist, R AF Fiksel, G. Hu, S. X. Goncharov, V. A. Meyerhofer, D. D. Sangster, T. C. Smalyuk, V. A. Yaakobi, B. Bonino, M. J. Jungquist, R. TI Experimental reduction of laser imprinting and Rayleigh-Taylor growth in spherically compressed, medium-Z-doped plastic targets SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; PLANAR TARGETS; OMEGA; PERFORMANCE; ADIABAT; SYSTEM; PICKET AB The effect of medium-Z doping of plastic ablators on laser imprinting and Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth was studied using spherical direct-drive implosions on the OMEGA Laser System [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1977)]. The targets were spherical plastic (CH) shells, with an outer diameter of 860 mu m and a thickness of 22 mu m, volume doped with a varied concentration of Si (4.3% and 7.4%) and Ge (3.9%). The targets were imploded with 48 beams with a low-adiabat, triple-picket laser shape pulse with a peak intensity of 4 x 10(14)W/cm(2), and a pulse duration of 2.5 ns. The shells were x-ray radiographed through a 400-mu m opening in the side of the target. The results show that volumetric impurity doping strongly reduces the shell density modulation and the instability growth rate. The amplitude of the initial imprint is reduced by a factor of 2.5 +/- 0.5 for CH[4.3% Si] targets and by a factor of 3 +/- 0.5 for CH[7.4% Si] and CH[3.9% Ge] targets. At the end of the acceleration phase, the reduction factor becomes 3 +/- 0.5 and 5 +/- 0.5, correspondingly. The RT instability growth rate in doped targets is reduced by a factor of 1.5 compared to undoped ones. Simulations using the two-dimensional, radiation-hydrodynamics code DRACO show good agreement with the measurements. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729732] C1 [Fiksel, G.; Hu, S. X.; Goncharov, V. A.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Yaakobi, B.; Bonino, M. J.; Jungquist, R.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Smalyuk, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Fiksel, G (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM gfik@lle.rochester.edu RI Hu, Suxing/A-1265-2007 OI Hu, Suxing/0000-0003-2465-3818 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority FX This work was supported the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 062704 DI 10.1063/1.4729732 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100036 ER PT J AU Friedman, A AF Friedman, Alex TI Arc-based smoothing of ion beam intensity on targets SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CYLINDRICAL IMPLOSIONS DRIVEN; FUSION ENERGY PROGRAM; HEAVY-ION; SYMMETRY; PHYSICS AB By manipulating a set of ion beams upstream of a target, it is possible to arrange for a smoother deposition pattern, so as to achieve more uniform illumination of the target. A uniform energy deposition pattern is important for applications including ion-beam-driven high energy density physics and heavy-ion beam-driven inertial fusion energy ("heavy-ion fusion"). Here, we consider an approach to such smoothing that is based on rapidly "wobbling" each of the beams back and forth along a short arc-shaped path, via oscillating fields applied upstream of the final pulse compression. In this technique, uniformity is achieved in the time-averaged sense; this is sufficient provided the beam oscillation timescale is short relative to the hydrodynamic timescale of the target implosion. This work builds on two earlier concepts: elliptical beams applied to a distributed-radiator target [D. A. Callahan and M. Tabak, Phys. Plasmas 7, 2083 (2000)] and beams that are wobbled so as to trace a number of full rotations around a circular or elliptical path [R. C. Arnold et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods 199, 557 (1982)]. Here, we describe the arc-based smoothing approach and compare it to results obtainable using an elliptical-beam prescription. In particular, we assess the potential of these approaches for minimization of azimuthal asymmetry, for the case of a ring of beams arranged on a cone. It is found that, for small numbers of beams on the ring, the arc-based smoothing approach offers superior uniformity. In contrast with the full-rotation approach, arc-based smoothing remains usable when the geometry precludes wobbling the beams around a full circle, e.g., for the X-target [E. Henestroza, B. G. Logan, and L. J. Perkins, Phys. Plasmas 18, 032702 (2011)] and some classes of distributed-radiator targets. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729841] C1 [Friedman, Alex] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Friedman, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM af@llnl.gov FU USDOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the USDOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 063111 DI 10.1063/1.4729841 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100054 ER PT J AU Guo, ZH Tang, XZ AF Guo, Zehua Tang, Xian-Zhu TI Parallel transport of long mean-free-path plasma along open magnetic field lines: Parallel heat flux SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HYDROMAGNETIC EQUATIONS; GENERAL-THEORY AB In a long mean-free-path plasma where temperature anisotropy can be sustained, the parallel heat flux has two components with one associated with the parallel thermal energy and the other the perpendicular thermal energy. Due to the large deviation of the distribution function from local Maxwellian in an open field line plasma with low collisionality, the conventional perturbative calculation of the parallel heat flux closure in its local or non-local form is no longer applicable. Here, a non-perturbative calculation is presented for a collisionless plasma in a two-dimensional flux expander bounded by absorbing walls. Specifically, closures of previously unfamiliar form are obtained for ions and electrons, which relate two distinct components of the species parallel heat flux to the lower order fluid moments such as density, parallel flow, parallel and perpendicular temperatures, and the field quantities such as the magnetic field strength and the electrostatic potential. The plasma source and boundary condition at the absorbing wall enter explicitly in the closure calculation. Although the closure calculation does not take into account wave-particle interactions, the results based on passing orbits from steady-state collisionless drift-kinetic equation show remarkable agreement with fully kinetic-Maxwell simulations. As an example of the physical implications of the theory, the parallel heat flux closures are found to predict a surprising observation in the kinetic-Maxwell simulation of the 2D magnetic flux expander problem, where the parallel heat flux of the parallel thermal energy flows from low to high parallel temperature region. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4725494] C1 [Guo, Zehua; Tang, Xian-Zhu] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guo, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI guo, zehua/E-4454-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We wish to thank Herb Berk for useful discussions and U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences for support under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 062501 DI 10.1063/1.4725494 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100025 ER PT J AU Islam, T AF Islam, Tanim TI Axisymmetric nonlinear waves and structures in Hall plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; DUSTY PLASMA; SIMULATIONS; DISSIPATION; IONIZATION; EVOLUTION; STARS; DISCS AB In this paper, a general equation for the evolution of an axisymmetric magnetic field in a Hall plasma is derived, with an integral similar to the Grad-Shafranov equation. Special solutions arising from curvature-whistler drift modes that propagate along the electron drift as a Burger's shock and nonlinear periodic and soliton-like solutions to the generalized Grad-Shafranov integral-are analyzed. We derive analytical and numerical solutions in a classical electron-ion Hall plasma, in which electrons and ions are the only species in the plasmas. Results may then be applied to the following low-ionized astrophysical plasmas: in protostellar disks, in which the ions may be coupled to the motion of gases; and in molecular clouds and protostellar jets, in which the much heavier charged dust in a dusty Hall plasma may be collisionally coupled to the gas. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729681] C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Islam, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM islam5@llnl.gov NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 062903 DI 10.1063/1.4729681 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100041 ER PT J AU La Haye, RJ Buttery, RJ Gerhardt, SP Sabbagh, SA Brennan, DP AF La Haye, R. J. Buttery, R. J. Gerhardt, S. P. Sabbagh, S. A. Brennan, D. P. TI Aspect ratio effects on neoclassical tearing modes from comparison between DIII-D and National Spherical Torus Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVE INSTABILITIES; NONLINEAR DYNAMICS; MAGNETIC ISLANDS; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; BETA-LIMITS; LONG-PULSE; COMPASS-D; DISCHARGES; STABILITY; THRESHOLD AB Neoclassical tearing mode islands are sustained by helically perturbed bootstrap currents arising at finite beta from toroidal effects that trap a fraction of the particles in non-circulating orbits. DIII-D and NSTX are here operated with similar shape and cross-sectional area but almost a factor of two difference in inverse aspect ratio a/R. In these experiments, destabilized n = 1 tearing modes were self-stabilized (reached the "marginal point") by reducing neutral-beam power and thus beta. The measure of the marginal island gives information on the small-island stabilizing physics that in part (with seeding) governs onset. The marginal island width on NSTX is found to be about three times the ion banana width and agrees with that measured in DIII-D, except for DIII-D modes closer to the magnetic axis, which are about two times the ion banana width. There is a balance of the helically perturbed bootstrap term with small island effects with the sum of the classical and curvature terms in the modified Rutherford equation for tearing-mode stability at the experimental marginal point. Empirical evaluation of this sum indicates that while the stabilizing effect of the curvature term is negligible in DIII-D, it is important in NSTX. The mode temporal behavior from the start of neutral-beam injection reduction also suggests that NSTX operates closer to marginal classical tearing stability; this explains why there is little hysteresis in beta between mode onset, saturation, and self-stabilization (while DIII-D has large hysteresis in beta). NIMROD code module component calculations based on DIII-D and NSTX reconstructed experimental equilibria are used to diagnose and confirm the relative importance of the stabilizing curvature effect, an advantage for low aspect ratio; the relatively greater curvature effect makes for less susceptibility to NTM onset even if the classical tearing stability index is near marginal. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729658] C1 [La Haye, R. J.; Buttery, R. J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Gerhardt, S. P.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Sabbagh, S. A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Brennan, D. P.] Univ Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. RP La Haye, RJ (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-04ER54761] FX Thanks to Scott Kruger of the Tech-X Corp. for discussions on the NIMROD code. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FG02-04ER54698, DE-AC02-09CH11466, and DE-FG02-04ER54761. Thanks to the DIII-D and NSTX Teams. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 062506 DI 10.1063/1.4729658 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100030 ER PT J AU Ryutov, DD Cuneo, ME Herrmann, MC Sinars, DB Slutz, SA AF Ryutov, D. D. Cuneo, M. E. Herrmann, M. C. Sinars, D. B. Slutz, S. A. TI Simulating the magnetized liner inertial fusion plasma confinement with smaller-scale experiments SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TARGET FUSION; HEAT-TRANSPORT; PHYSICS BASIS; LASER; FIELD AB The recently proposed magnetized liner inertial fusion approach to a Z-pinch driven fusion [Slutz et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 056303 (2010)] is based on the use of an axial magnetic field to provide plasma thermal insulation from the walls of the imploding liner. The characteristic plasma transport regimes in the proposed approach cover parameter domains that have not been studied yet in either magnetic confinement or inertial confinement experiments. In this article, an analysis is presented of the scalability of the key physical processes that determine the plasma confinement. The dimensionless scaling parameters are identified and conclusion is drawn that the plasma behavior in scaled-down experiments can correctly represent the full-scale plasma, provided these parameters are approximately the same in two systems. This observation is important in that smaller-scale experiments typically have better diagnostic access and more experiments per year are possible. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729726] C1 [Ryutov, D. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Cuneo, M. E.; Herrmann, M. C.; Sinars, D. B.; Slutz, S. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU U.S. DoE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. DOE's NNSA [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Work performed for U.S. DoE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344; Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. DOE's NNSA under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 062706 DI 10.1063/1.4729726 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100038 ER PT J AU Shin, YM AF Shin, Young-Min TI Superimposed coherent terahertz wave radiation from mono-energetically bunched multi-beam SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB Intense coherent radiation is obtained from multiple electron beams monochromatically bunched over the wide higher-order-mode (HOM) spectral band in the THz regime. The overmoded waveguide corrugated by dielectric-implanted staggered gratings superimposes evanescent waves emitted from the low energy electron beams. The dispersion and transmission simulations of the three-beam slow wave structure show that the first two fundamental modes (TE10 and TE20) are considerably suppressed (similar to-50 dB) below the multi-beam resonating mode (TE30) at the THz regime (0.8-1.24 THz). The theoretical calculations and particle-in-cell simulations show that with significantly higher interaction impedance and power growth rate radiation of the TE30 mode is similar to 23 dBm and similar to 50 dBm stronger than the TE10 and TE20 modes around 1 THz, respectively. This highly selective HOM multi-beam interaction has potential applications for power THz sources and high intensity accelerators. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731695] C1 [Shin, Young-Min] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Shin, Young-Min] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Accelerator Phys Ctr, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Shin, YM (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM yshin@niu.edu NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 063115 DI 10.1063/1.4731695 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100058 ER PT J AU Wallace, GM Faust, IC Meneghini, O Parker, RR Shiraiwa, S Baek, SG Bonoli, PT Hubbard, AE Hughes, JW LaBombard, BL Lau, C Ma, Y Reinke, ML Terry, JL Whyte, DG Wright, JC Wukitch, SJ Harvey, RW Schmidt, AE Smirnov, AP Wilson, JR AF Wallace, G. M. Faust, I. C. Meneghini, O. Parker, R. R. Shiraiwa, S. Baek, S. G. Bonoli, P. T. Hubbard, A. E. Hughes, J. W. LaBombard, B. L. Lau, C. Ma, Y. Reinke, M. L. Terry, J. L. Whyte, D. G. Wright, J. C. Wukitch, S. J. Harvey, R. W. Schmidt, A. E. Smirnov, A. P. Wilson, J. R. TI Lower hybrid current drive at high density in the multi-pass regime SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ALCATOR C-MOD; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAK; WAVES; FREQUENCIES; PLASMAS; DESIGN AB Assessing the performance of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) at high density is critical for developing non-inductive current drive systems on future steady-state experiments. Excellent LHCD efficiency has been observed during fully non-inductive operation (eta = 2.0 - 2.5 x 10(19) AW(-1)m(-2) at (n) over bar (e) = 0.5 x 10(20) m(-3)) on Alcator C-Mod [I. H. Hutchinson et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994)] under conditions (ne, magnetic field and topology, and LHCD frequency) relevant to ITER [S. Shiraiwa et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 103024 (2011)]. To extend these results to advanced tokamak regimes with higher bootstrap current fractions on C-Mod, it is necessary to increase (n) over bar (e) to 1.0 - 1.5 x 10(20) m(-3). However, the number of current-carrying, non-thermal electrons generated by LHCD drops sharply in diverted configurations at densities that are well below the density limit previously observed on limited tokamaks. In these cases, changes in scrape off layer (SOL) ionization and density profiles are observed during LHCD, indicating that significant power is transferred from the LH waves to the SOL. Fokker-Planck simulations of these discharges utilizing ray tracing and full wave propagation codes indicate that LH waves in the high density, multi-pass absorption regime linger in the plasma edge, and SOL region, where absorption near or outside the LCFS results in the loss of current drive efficiency. Modeling predicts that non-thermal emission increases with stronger single-pass absorption. Experimental data show that increasing T-e in high density LH discharges results in higher non-thermal electron emission, as predicted by the models. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729734] C1 [Wallace, G. M.; Faust, I. C.; Meneghini, O.; Parker, R. R.; Shiraiwa, S.; Baek, S. G.; Bonoli, P. T.; Hubbard, A. E.; Hughes, J. W.; LaBombard, B. L.; Lau, C.; Ma, Y.; Reinke, M. L.; Terry, J. L.; Whyte, D. G.; Wright, J. C.; Wukitch, S. J.; Schmidt, A. E.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fusion Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Harvey, R. W.] CompX, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA. [Smirnov, A. P.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Wilson, J. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Wallace, GM (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fusion Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Smirnov, Alexander /A-4886-2014 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-99ER54512, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX The authors would like to thank the C-Mod LHCD engineering team for their efforts in keeping the system running. This work was supported by US Department of Energy awards DE-FC02-99ER54512 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 AR 062505 DI 10.1063/1.4729734 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 966JY UT WOS:000305835100029 ER PT J AU Keegan, KP Trimble, WL Wilkening, J Wilke, A Harrison, T D'Souza, M Meyer, F AF Keegan, Kevin P. Trimble, William L. Wilkening, Jared Wilke, Andreas Harrison, Travis D'Souza, Mark Meyer, Folker TI A Platform-Independent Method for Detecting Errors in Metagenomic Sequencing Data: DRISEE SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; RARE BIOSPHERE; SHORT-READ; DIVERSITY; GENOME; PYROSEQUENCES; WRINKLES AB We provide a novel method, DRISEE (duplicate read inferred sequencing error estimation), to assess sequencing quality (alternatively referred to as "noise'' or "error'') within and/or between sequencing samples. DRISEE provides positional error estimates that can be used to inform read trimming within a sample. It also provides global (whole sample) error estimates that can be used to identify samples with high or varying levels of sequencing error that may confound downstream analyses, particularly in the case of studies that utilize data from multiple sequencing samples. For shotgun metagenomic data, we believe that DRISEE provides estimates of sequencing error that are more accurate and less constrained by technical limitations than existing methods that rely on reference genomes or the use of scores (e.g. Phred). Here, DRISEE is applied to (non amplicon) data sets from both the 454 and Illumina platforms. The DRISEE error estimate is obtained by analyzing sets of artifactual duplicate reads (ADRs), a known by-product of both sequencing platforms. We present DRISEE as an open-source, platform-independent method to assess sequencing error in shotgun metagenomic data, and utilize it to discover previously uncharacterized error in de novo sequence data from the 454 and Illumina sequencing platforms. C1 [Keegan, Kevin P.; Trimble, William L.; Wilkening, Jared; Wilke, Andreas; Harrison, Travis; D'Souza, Mark; Meyer, Folker] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Keegan, Kevin P.; Wilkening, Jared; Wilke, Andreas; Harrison, Travis; D'Souza, Mark; Meyer, Folker] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Keegan, Kevin P.; Wilkening, Jared; Wilke, Andreas; Harrison, Travis; D'Souza, Mark; Meyer, Folker] Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Chicago, IL USA. RP Keegan, KP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kkeegan@anl.gov OI Trimble, William L./0000-0001-7029-2676; Meyer, Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 as part of the DOE Systems Biology Knowledgebase. Computing for this work was supported in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 AR e1002541 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002541 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 968GM UT WOS:000305965300014 PM 22685393 ER PT J AU Pawelek, KA Huynh, GT Quinlivan, M Cullinane, A Rong, LB Perelson, AS AF Pawelek, Kasia A. Huynh, Giao T. Quinlivan, Michelle Cullinane, Ann Rong, Libin Perelson, Alan S. TI Modeling Within-Host Dynamics of Influenza Virus Infection Including Immune Responses SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; ADAPTED RECOMBINANT VIRUSES; A H5N1 VIRUSES; DENDRITIC CELLS; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; VIRAL-INFECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; NS1 PROTEIN; IFN-GAMMA; RECOGNITION AB Influenza virus infection remains a public health problem worldwide. The mechanisms underlying viral control during an uncomplicated influenza virus infection are not fully understood. Here, we developed a mathematical model including both innate and adaptive immune responses to study the within-host dynamics of equine influenza virus infection in horses. By comparing modeling predictions with both interferon and viral kinetic data, we examined the relative roles of target cell availability, and innate and adaptive immune responses in controlling the virus. Our results show that the rapid and substantial viral decline (about 2 to 4 logs within 1 day) after the peak can be explained by the killing of infected cells mediated by interferon activated cells, such as natural killer cells, during the innate immune response. After the viral load declines to a lower level, the loss of interferon-induced antiviral effect and an increased availability of target cells due to loss of the antiviral state can explain the observed short phase of viral plateau in which the viral level remains unchanged or even experiences a minor second peak in some animals. An adaptive immune response is needed in our model to explain the eventual viral clearance. This study provides a quantitative understanding of the biological factors that can explain the viral and interferon kinetics during a typical influenza virus infection. C1 [Pawelek, Kasia A.; Huynh, Giao T.; Rong, Libin] Oakland Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Quinlivan, Michelle; Cullinane, Ann] Irish Equine Ctr, Virol Unit, Naas, Kildare, Ireland. [Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Pawelek, KA (reprint author), Oakland Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. EM rong2@oakland.edu; asp@lanl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NIH [P30-EB011339, HHSN272201000055C]; National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) [8R01-OD011095-21]; NSF [DMS-1122290, PHY-0551164]; Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Program FX Portions of this work were done under the auspices of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396, supported by the NIH grant P30-EB011339 and contract HHSN272201000055C, the National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) through grant 8R01-OD011095-21, NSF grants DMS-1122290 and PHY-0551164, and the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 AR e1002588 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002588 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 968GM UT WOS:000305965300045 PM 22761567 ER PT J AU Blanton, T Havrilla, G AF Blanton, Tom Havrilla, George TI Sixtieth Denver X-ray Conference and selected papers for the special June Powder Diffraction issue SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Blanton, Tom] Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY 14650 USA. [Havrilla, George] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Blanton, T (reprint author), Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, NY 14650 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 SI SI BP 70 EP 70 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 969AQ UT WOS:000306028500002 ER PT J AU Schmeling, M Burnett, DS Jurewicz, AJG Veryovkin, IV AF Schmeling, Martina Burnett, Donald S. Jurewicz, Amy J. G. Veryovkin, Igor V. TI Steps toward accurate large-area analyses of Genesis solar wind samples: evaluation of surface cleaning methods using total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Denver X-ray Conference (DXC) CY AUG 01-05, 2011 CL Colorado Springs, CO DE total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry; genesis solar samples AB Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF) was used to analyze residual surface contamination on Genesis solar wind samples and to evaluate different cleaning methods. To gauge the suitability of a cleaning method, two samples were analyzed following cleaning by lab-based TXRF. The analysis comprised an overview and a crude manual mapping of the samples by orienting them with respect to the incident X-ray beam in such a way that different regions were covered. The results show that cleaning with concentrated hydrochloric acid and a combination of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid decreased persistent inorganic contaminants substantially on one sample. The application of CO2 snow for surface cleaning tested on the other sample appears to be effective in removing one persistent Genesis contaminant, namely germanium. Unfortunately, the TXRF analysis results of the second sample were impacted by relatively high background contamination. This was mostly due to the relatively small sample size and that the solar wind collector was already mounted with silver glue for resonance ion mass spectrometry (RIMS) on an aluminium stub. Further studies are planned to eliminate this problem. In an effort to identify the location of very persistent contaminants, selected samples were also subjected to environmental scanning electron microscopy. The results showed excellent agreement with TXRF analysis. (C) 2012 International Centre for Diffraction Data. [doi:10.1017/S0885715612000346] C1 [Schmeling, Martina] Loyola Univ, Chicago, IL 60660 USA. [Burnett, Donald S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jurewicz, Amy J. G.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Veryovkin, Igor V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schmeling, M (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Chicago, IL 60660 USA. EM mschmel@luc.edu FU NASA/JPL [1369203]; NASA [NNX10AH05G, NNH09AM48I]; UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by NASA/JPL grant 1369203 and NASA grant NNX10AH05G. The work of I.V.V was supported by NASA through grant NNH09AM48I, and by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank C. E. Tripa for his help in preparing the CO2 snow cleaned samples. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 EI 1945-7413 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 SI SI BP 75 EP 78 DI 10.1017/S0885715612000346 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 969AQ UT WOS:000306028500004 ER PT J AU Haugh, MJ Charest, MR Ross, PW Lee, JJ Schneider, MB Palmer, NE Teruya, AT AF Haugh, Michael J. Charest, Michael R. Ross, Patrick W. Lee, Joshua J. Schneider, Marilyn B. Palmer, Nathan E. Teruya, Alan T. TI Calibration of X-ray imaging devices for accurate intensity measurement SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Denver X-ray Conference (DXC) CY AUG 01-05, 2011 CL Colorado Springs, CO DE X-ray imaging devices; intensity measurement AB National Security Technologies (NSTec) has developed calibration procedures for X-ray imaging systems. The X-ray sources that are used for calibration are both diode type and diode/fluorescer combinations. Calibrating the X-ray detectors is a key to accurate calibration of the X-ray sources. Both energy dispersive detectors and photodiodes measuring total flux were used. We have developed calibration techniques for the detectors using radioactive sources that are traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The German synchrotron at Physikalische Technische Bundestalt (PTB) was used to calibrate the silicon photodiodes over the energy range from 50 to 60 keV. The measurements on X-ray cameras made using the NSTec X-ray sources included quantum efficiency averaged over all pixels, camera counts per photon per pixel, and response variation across the sensor. The instrumentation required to accomplish the calibrations is described. The X-ray energies ranged from 720 to 22.7 keV. The X-ray sources produce narrow energy bands, allowing us to determine the properties as a function of X-ray energy. The calibrations were done for several types of imaging devices. There were back and front illuminated CCD (charge-coupled device) sensors, and a CID (charge injection device) type camera. The CCD and CID camera types differ significantly in some of their properties that affect the accuracy of the X-ray intensity measurements. All the cameras discussed here are silicon based. The measurements of the quantum efficiency variation with the X-ray energy are compared to the models for the sensor structure. The cameras that are not back-thinned are compared to those that are. (C) 2012 International Centre for Diffraction Data. [doi:10.1017/S0885715612000413] C1 [Haugh, Michael J.; Charest, Michael R.; Ross, Patrick W.; Lee, Joshua J.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Schneider, Marilyn B.; Palmer, Nathan E.; Teruya, Alan T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Haugh, MJ (reprint author), Natl Secur Technol LLC, 161 S Vasco Rd,Suite A, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM haughmj@nv.doe.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25946] FX This manuscript has been authored by National Security Technologies, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25946 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. DOE/NV/25946-1435. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 EI 1945-7413 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 SI SI BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1017/S0885715612000413 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 969AQ UT WOS:000306028500005 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, MA Kotula, PG Griego, JJM Heath, JE Bauer, SJ Wesolowski, DE AF Rodriguez, Mark A. Kotula, Paul G. Griego, James J. M. Heath, Jason E. Bauer, Stephen J. Wesolowski, Daniel E. TI Multivariate statistical analysis of micro-X-ray fluorescence spectral images SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Denver X-ray Conference (DXC) CY AUG 01-05, 2011 CL Colorado Springs, CO DE multivariate; statistical analysis; micro-XRF; CAES ID SIGNAL EXTRACTION; BATTERIES AB Multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) is applied to the extraction of chemically relevant signals acquired with a micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF) mapping (full-spectral imaging) system. The separation of components into individual histograms enables separation of overlapping peaks, which is useful in qualitatively determining the presence of chemical species that have overlapping emission lines, and holds potential for quantitative analysis of constituent phases via these same histograms. The usefulness of MSA for mu-XRF analysis is demonstrated by application to a geological rock core obtained from a subsurface compressed air energy storage (CAES) site. Coupling of the mu-XRF results to those of quantitative powder X-ray diffraction analysis enables improved detection of trace phases present in the geological specimen. The MSA indicates that the spatial distribution of pyrite, a potentially reactive phase by oxidation, has low concentration and thus minimal impact on CAES operations. (C) International Centre for Diffraction Data [doi:10.1017/S0885715612000243] C1 [Rodriguez, Mark A.; Kotula, Paul G.; Griego, James J. M.; Heath, Jason E.; Bauer, Stephen J.; Wesolowski, Daniel E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rodriguez, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM marodri@sandia.gov RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011 OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration, under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 EI 1945-7413 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 SI SI BP 108 EP 113 DI 10.1017/S0885715612000243 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 969AQ UT WOS:000306028500010 ER PT J AU Coker, EN Rodriguez, MA Ambrosini, A Miller, JE Stechel, EB AF Coker, Eric N. Rodriguez, Mark A. Ambrosini, Andrea Miller, James E. Stechel, Ellen B. TI Using in-situ techniques to probe high-temperature reactions: thermochemical cycles for the production of synthetic fuels from CO2 and water SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Denver X-ray Conference (DXC) CY AUG 01-05, 2011 CL Colorado Springs, CO DE in situ high-temperature XRD; TGA; ferrite; yttria-stabilized zirconia; synthetic fuel ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; SOLAR HEAT; OXIDE; SYSTEM; PHASE; ZRO2; ZRO2-FE2O3; ENERGY; OXYGEN AB Ferrites are promising materials for enabling solar-thermochemical cycles. Such cycles utilize solar-thermal energy to reduce the metal oxide, which is then re-oxidized by H2O or CO2, producing H-2 or CO, respectively. Mixing ferrites with zirconia or yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) greatly improves their cyclabilities. In order to understand this system, we have studied the behavior of iron oxide/8YSZ (8 mol-% Y2O3 in ZrO2) using in situ X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses at temperatures up to 1500 degrees C and under controlled atmosphere. The solubility of iron oxide in 8YSZ measured by XRD at room temperature was 9.4 mol-% Fe. The solubility increased to at least 10.4 mol-% Fe when heated between 800 and 1000 degrees C under inert atmosphere. Furthermore iron was found to migrate in and out of the 8YSZ phase as the temperature and oxidation state of the iron changed. In samples containing >9.4 mol-% Fe, stepwise heating to 1400 degrees C under helium caused reduction of Fe2O3 to Fe3O4 to FeO. Exposure of the FeO-containing material to CO2 at 1100 degrees C re-oxidized FeO to Fe3O4 with evolution of CO. Thermogravimetric analysis during thermo-chemical cycling of materials with a range of iron contents showed that samples with mostly dissolved iron utilized a greater proportion of the iron atoms present than did samples possessing a greater fraction of un-dissolved iron oxides. (C) International Centre for Diffraction Data [doi:10.1017/S0885715612000255] C1 [Coker, Eric N.; Rodriguez, Mark A.; Ambrosini, Andrea; Miller, James E.; Stechel, Ellen B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Coker, EN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1349, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM encoker@sandia.gov RI Miller, James/C-1128-2011 OI Miller, James/0000-0001-6811-6948 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, in the form of a Grand Challenge project entitled "Reimagining Liquid Transportation Fuels: Sunshine to Petrol," Ellen Stechel, program manager. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We thank James NMI Griego and Jonathan Torres for help with HT-XRD data collection and analysis. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 22 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 EI 1945-7413 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 SI SI BP 117 EP 125 DI 10.1017/S0885715612000255 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 969AQ UT WOS:000306028500012 ER PT J AU Karadzic, I Maupin-Furlow, J Humbard, M Prunetti, L Singh, P Goodlett, DR AF Karadzic, Ivanka Maupin-Furlow, Julie Humbard, Matthew Prunetti, Laurence Singh, Pragya Goodlett, David R. TI Chemical cross-linking, mass spectrometry, and in silico modeling of proteasomal 20S core particles of the haloarchaeon Haloferax volcanii SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cross-linking; Haloarchaea; Microbiology; Modeling; Proteasomes; Tandem mass spectrometry ID PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; STRESS RESPONSES; RESOLUTION; GROWTH AB A fast and accurate method is reported to generate distance constraints between juxtaposited amino acids and to validate molecular models of halophilic protein complexes. Proteasomal 20S core particles (CPs) from the haloarchaeon Haloferax volcanii were used to investigate the quaternary structure of halophilic proteins based on their symmetrical, yet distinct subunit composition. Proteasomal CPs are cylindrical barrel-like structures of four-stacked homoheptameric rings of a- and beta-type subunits organized in a7 beta 7 beta 7a7 stoichiometry. The CPs of H. volcanii are formed from a single type of beta subunit associated with a1 and/or a2 subunits. Tandem affinity chromatography and new genetic constructs were used to separately isolate a17 beta 7 beta 7a17 and a27 beta 7 beta 7a27 CPs from H. volcanii. Chemically cross-linked peptides of the H. volcanii CPs were analyzed by high-performance mass spectrometry and an open modification search strategy to first generate and then to interpret the resulting tandem mass spectrometric data. Distance constraints obtained by chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry, together with the available structural data of nonhalophilic CPs, facilitated the selection of accurate models of H. volcanii proteasomal CPs composed of a1-, a2-, and beta-homoheptameric rings from several different possible structures from Protein Data Bank. C1 [Maupin-Furlow, Julie; Humbard, Matthew; Prunetti, Laurence] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Karadzic, Ivanka] Univ Belgrade, Sch Med, Dept Chem, Belgrade, Serbia. [Singh, Pragya] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goodlett, David R.] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Maupin-Furlow, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jmaupin@ufl.edu; goodlett@uw.edu FU NIH [R01 GM057498]; DOE [DE-FG02-05ER15650, 1S10RR023044-01, 1U54AI57141-01]; Fulbright Association; MNRS-III [43004] FX This work was funded in part by NIH R01 GM057498 and DOE DE-FG02-05ER15650 to J. M. F.; 1S10RR023044-01 and 1U54AI57141-01 to D. R. G.; and Fulbright Association and MNRS-III 43004 to I. M. K. Authors thank Dr. Priska von Haller (Proteomics Resource, University of Washington) for her assistance with mass spectrometry analysis. Special thanks to Yi-Hsuan Tsai (University of North Carolina) for assistance with bioinformatics and Branko Drakulic (University of Belgrade) for homology modeling. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 11 BP 1806 EP 1814 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100260 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 965CE UT WOS:000305742900008 PM 22623373 ER PT J AU Ren, HY Halvorsen, MB Deng, ZD Carlson, TJ AF Ren, Huiying Halvorsen, Michele B. Deng, Zhiqun Daniel Carlson, Thomas J. TI Aquatic Acoustic Metrics Interface Utility for Underwater Sound Monitoring and Analysis SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE underwater sound monitoring; software; noise recording; audiograms; sound exposure level ID RECORDING DEVICE; HIGH-INTENSITY; HEARING; FISH; ENVIRONMENT; DESIGN; IMPLEMENTATION; EXPLOSIONS; SYSTEM AB Fishes and marine mammals may suffer a range of potential effects from exposure to intense underwater sound generated by anthropogenic activities such as pile driving, shipping, sonars, and underwater blasting. Several underwater sound recording (USR) devices have been built to acquire samples of the underwater sound generated by anthropogenic activities. Software becomes indispensable for processing and analyzing the audio files recorded by these USRs. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of a new software package, the Aquatic Acoustic Metrics Interface (AAMI), specifically designed for analysis of underwater sound recordings to provide data in metrics that facilitate evaluation of the potential impacts of the sound on aquatic animals. In addition to the basic functions, such as loading and editing audio files recorded by USRs and batch processing of sound files, the software utilizes recording system calibration data to compute important parameters in physical units. The software also facilitates comparison of the noise sound sample metrics with biological measures such as audiograms of the sensitivity of aquatic animals to the sound, integrating various components into a single analytical frame. The features of the AAMI software are discussed, and several case studies are presented to illustrate its functionality. C1 [Halvorsen, Michele B.; Carlson, Thomas J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. [Ren, Huiying; Deng, Zhiqun Daniel] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Halvorsen, MB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, 1529 W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. EM Huiying.ren@pnnl.gov; Michele.Halvorsen@pnnl.gov; Zhiqun.deng@pnnl.gov; Thomas.carlson@pnnl.gov RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Wind & Water Power Program FX The work described in this article was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Wind & Water Power Program. The study was conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington, which is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors are grateful for the contributions and input of Brian Polagye of University of Washington and many PNNL staff, including Andrea Copping, Andrea Currie, Jayson Martinez, Josh Myers, Jeff Ward, Mark Weiland, and Christa Woodley. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 28 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 7438 EP 7450 DI 10.3390/s120607438 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 965XR UT WOS:000305801400033 PM 22969353 ER PT J AU Carr, JA Nalwa, KS Mahadevapuram, R Chen, YQ Anderegg, J Chaudhary, S AF Carr, John A. Nalwa, Kanwar S. Mahadevapuram, Rakesh Chen, Yuqing Anderegg, James Chaudhary, Sumit TI Plastic-Syringe Induced Silicone Contamination in Organic Photovoltaic Fabrication: Implications for Small-Volume Additives SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE organic; photovoltaic; solar; polymer; silicone; plastic; PDMS; P3HT ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; PHASE-SEPARATION; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; HETEROJUNCTIONS; ENHANCEMENT AB Herein, the implications of silicone contamination found in solution-processed conjugated polymer solar cells are explored. Similar to a previous work based on molecular cells, we find this contamination as a result of the use of plastic syringes during fabrication. However, in contrast to the molecular case, we find that glass-syringe fabricated devices give superior performance than plastic-syringe fabricated devices in poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based cells. We find that the unintentional silicone addition alters the solution's wettability, which translates to a thinner, less absorbent film on spinning. With many groups studying the effects of small-volume additives, this work should be closely considered as many of these additives may also directly alter the solutions' wettability, or the amount of silicone dissolved off the plastic syringes, or both. Thereby, film thickness, which generally is not reported in detail, can vary significantly from device to device. C1 [Carr, John A.; Chen, Yuqing; Chaudhary, Sumit] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nalwa, Kanwar S.; Mahadevapuram, Rakesh; Chaudhary, Sumit] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Anderegg, James] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US Dept Energy, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Chaudhary, S (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 2124 Coover Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sumitc@iastate.edu FU National Science Foundation [ECCS - 1055930]; Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX We thank National Science Foundation (ECCS - 1055930) for financial support. XPS studies were carried out at the Ames Laboratory, which is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. These studies were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD JUN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 6 BP 2831 EP 2835 DI 10.1021/am3001677 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 964SL UT WOS:000305716900001 PM 22587913 ER PT J AU Zhang, HX Bhat, VV Gallego, NC Contescu, CI AF Zhang, Hongxin Bhat, Vinay V. Gallego, Nidia C. Contescu, Cristian I. TI Thermal Treatment Effects on Charge Storage Performance of Graphene-Based Materials for Supercapacitors SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE graphene-based materials; supercapacitor; thermal treatment; surface modification ID DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITANCE; CARBIDE-DERIVED CARBONS; ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; NANOPOROUS CARBON; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; GRAPHITE OXIDES; SURFACE OXIDES; ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY AB Graphene materials were synthesized by reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide and then thermally treated in nitrogen to improve the surface area and their electrochemical performance as electrical double-layer capacitor electrodes. The structural and surface properties of the prepared reduced graphite oxide (RGO) were investigated using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra, X-ray diffraction pattern analysis, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption studies. RGO forms a continuous network of crumpled sheets, which consist of large amounts of few-layer and single-layer graphenes. Electrochemical studies were conducted by cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. The modified RGO materials showed enhanced electrochemical performance, with maximum specific capacitance of 96 F/g, energy density of 12.8 Wh/kg, and power density of 160 kW/kg. These results demonstrate that thermal treatment of RGO at selected conditions is a convenient and efficient method for improving its specific capacitance, energy, and power density. C1 [Zhang, Hongxin; Bhat, Vinay V.; Gallego, Nidia C.; Contescu, Cristian I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Contescu, CI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,MS-6087, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM contescuci@ornl.gov OI Contescu, Cristian/0000-0002-7450-3722; Gallego, Nidia/0000-0002-8252-0194 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy; ORISE/ORNL postdoctoral program FX This research was supported by the Laboratory Director Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by U.T. Battelle LLC for the US Department of Energy. SEM and X-ray diffraction were performed at the Shared Research Equipment (SHaRE) user facility, and Raman and AFM characterization were performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials Science (CNMS), both of which are supported at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors acknowledge Mr. Jimmy Zahra for the kind assistance during galvanostatic charge-discharge, CV, and EIS measurements. HZ acknowledges support from ORISE/ORNL postdoctoral program. NR 52 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD JUN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 6 BP 3239 EP 3246 DI 10.1021/am300593k PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 964SL UT WOS:000305716900058 PM 22680779 ER PT J AU She, XY Kwak, JH Sun, JM Hu, JZ Hu, MY Wang, CM Peden, CHF Wang, Y AF She, Xiaoyan Kwak, Ja Hun Sun, Junming Hu, Jianzhi Hu, Mary Y. Wang, Chongmin Peden, Charles H. F. Wang, Yong TI Highly Dispersed and Active ReOx on Alumina-Modified SBA-15 Silica for 2-Butanol Dehydration SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE rhenia catalyst; catalyst stability; 2-butanol dehydration; SBA-15; in situ UV-vis (DRS); aberration-corrected TEM; Al-27 MAS NMR ID RHENIUM OXIDE CATALYSTS; CARBON-SUPPORTED PLATINUM; MESOPOROUS SILICA; TUNGSTEN-OXIDE; OLEFIN METATHESIS; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SYNTHESIS GAS; SURFACE; HYDROGENATION AB SBA-15 silica supported rhenium catalysts were synthesized using solution-based atomic layer deposition method, and their activity and stability were studied in the acid-catalyzed 2-butanol dehydration. We find that ReOx/SBA-15 exhibited an extremely high initial activity but a fast deactivation for 2-butanol dehydration at 90-105 degrees C. Fast deactivation was likely due to the sintering, sublimation, and reduction of rhenia as confirmed by TEM, elemental analysis, and in situ UV-vis (DRS) measurements. To overcome these issues, ReOx/AlOx/SBA-15 catalysts with significantly improved stability were prepared by first modifying the surface identity of SBA-15 with alumina followed by dispersion of rhenia using atomic layer deposition. The AlOx phase stabilizes the dispersion of small and uniform rhenia clusters (<2 nm) as as confirmed by TEM, STEM, and UV-vis (DRS) characterizations. Additional Al-27 MAS NMR characterization revealed that modification of the SBA-15 surface with alumina introduces a strong interaction between rhenia and alumina, which consequently improves the stability of supported rhenia catalysts by suppressing the sintering, sublimation, and reduction of rhenia albeit at a moderately reduced initial catalytic dehydration activity. C1 [She, Xiaoyan; Kwak, Ja Hun; Sun, Junming; Hu, Jianzhi; Hu, Mary Y.; Wang, Chongmin; Peden, Charles H. F.; Wang, Yong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yongwang@pnl.gov RI Sun, Junming/B-3019-2011; Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012; OI Sun, Junming/0000-0002-0071-9635; Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. The research was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle. J.S. thanks Liang Zhang (PNNL) for the HR-STEM images recorded at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Temperature Materials Laboratory, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 1020 EP 1026 DI 10.1021/cs2006444 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950WR UT WOS:000304682600015 ER PT J AU Xie, C Chen, YS Engelhard, MH Song, CS AF Xie, Chao Chen, Yongsheng Engelhard, Mark H. Song, Chunshan TI Comparative Study on the Sulfur Tolerance and Carbon Resistance of Supported Noble Metal Catalysts in Steam Reforming of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE noble metal catalyst; sulfur poisoning; carbon deposition; hydrocarbon reforming; deactivation; hydrogen; XANES ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; CELL APPLICATIONS; NI CATALYSTS; USY ZEOLITE; PALLADIUM CATALYST; RH/AL2O3 CATALYST; RH/CEO2 CATALYST; LOW-TEMPERATURE; OXIDE-SUPPORT; RH CATALYSTS AB This work was conducted to clarify the influence of the type of metal and support on the sulfur tolerance and carbon resistance of supported noble metal catalysts in steam reforming of liquid hydrocarbons. Al2O3-supported noble metal catalysts (Rh, Ru, Pt, and Pd), Rh catalysts on different supports (Al2O3, CeO2, SiO2, and MgO), and Pt catalysts supported on CeO2 and Al2O3, were examined for steam reforming of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel (Norpar13 from Exxon Mobil) at 800 degrees C for 55 h. The results indicate that (1) Rh/Al2O3 shows higher sulfur tolerance than the Ru, Pt, and Pd catalysts on the same support; (2) both Al2O3 and CeO2 are promising supports for Rh catalyst to process sulfur-containing hydrocarbons; and (3) Pt/CeO2 exhibits better catalytic performance than Pt/Al2O3 in the reaction with sulfur. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results demonstrate that the metal particles in Rh/Al2O3 were better dispersed (mostly in 1-3 nm) compared with the other catalysts after reforming the sulfur-containing feed. As revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the binding energy of Rh 3d for Rh/Al2O3 is notably higher than that for Rh/CeO2, implying the formation of electron-deficient Rh particles in the former. The strong sulfur tolerance of Rh/Al2O3 may be related to the formation of well-dispersed electron-deficient Rh particles on the Al2O3 support. Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy illustrates the preferential formation of sulfonate and sulfate on Rh/Al2O3, which may be beneficial for improving its sulfur tolerance as their oxygen-shielded sulfur structure may hinder direct Rh S interaction. Because of its strong sulfur tolerance, the carbon deposition on Rh/Al2O3 was significantly lower than that on the Al2O3-supported Ru, Pt, and Pd catalysts after the reaction with sulfur. The superior catalytic performance of CeO2-supported Rh and Pt catalysts in the presence of sulfur can be ascribed mainly to the promotion effect of CeO2 on carbon gasification, leading to much lower carbon deposition compared with that for the Rh/Al2O3, Rh/MgO, Rh/SiO2, and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts. C1 [Xie, Chao; Chen, Yongsheng; Song, Chunshan] Penn State Univ, Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program, EMS Energy Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Xie, Chao] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chen, Yongsheng; Song, Chunshan] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Engelhard, Mark H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Song, CS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Clean Fuels & Catalysis Program, EMS Energy Inst, 209 Acad Projects Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM csong@psu.edu RI Song, Chunshan/B-3524-2008; Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Xie, Chao/J-3681-2014; Chen, Yongsheng/P-4800-2014; OI Song, Chunshan/0000-0003-2344-9911; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 FU U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-NT0004396]; U.S. Office of Naval Research through ONR NAVSEA [N00014-06-1-0320]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory under Grant DE-NT0004396 and by U.S. Office of Naval Research through an ONR NAVSEA Grant N00014-06-1-0320. Sulfur XANES work at the CMC Beamline is supported in part by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy and by the National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, is gratefully acknowledged for XPS measurements under general user proposal 37791. NR 73 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 78 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 1127 EP 1137 DI 10.1021/cs200695t PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950WR UT WOS:000304682600027 ER PT J AU Singh, JA Overbury, SH Dudney, NJ Li, MJ Veith, GM AF Singh, Joseph A. Overbury, Steven H. Dudney, Nancy J. Li, Meijun Veith, Gabriel M. TI Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nitride: Influence of Surface Hydroxyls on Low Temperature Carbon Monoxide Oxidation SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE gold; CO oxidation; carbon nitride; hydroxyls; sputtering ID RUTILE TIO2 110; CO OXIDATION; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; THERMAL-STABILITY; AU/TIO2 CATALYST; AU NANOPARTICLES; HYDRATION WATER; VISIBLE-LIGHT; CLUSTERS; SPECTROSCOPY AB This paper reports the synthesis of 2.5 am gold clusters on the oxygen free and chemically labile support carbon nitride (C3N4). Despite having small particle sizes and high enough water partial pressure these Au/C3N4 catalysts are inactive for the gas phase and liquid phase oxidation of carbon monoxide. The reason for the lack of activity is attributed to the lack of surface -OH groups on the C3N4. These OH groups are argued to be responsible for the activation of CO in the oxidation of CO. The importance of basic -OH groups explains the well documented dependence of support isoelectric point versus catalytic activity. C1 [Singh, Joseph A.; Dudney, Nancy J.; Veith, Gabriel M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Overbury, Steven H.; Li, Meijun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Veith, GM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM veithgm@ornl.gov RI Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016; OI Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178; Singh, Joseph/0000-0001-5249-2121 FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; UT-Battelle, LLC FX A portion of this research was done using facilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (STEM) and at the SHaRE User Facility (TEM), which are sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Research contributions were sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (S.H.O. and M.L.) and by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy under contract with UT-Battelle, LLC (JA.S., N.J.D., G.M.V.). NR 65 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 13 U2 195 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 1138 EP 1146 DI 10.1021/cs3001094 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950WR UT WOS:000304682600028 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Campbell, CT AF Rodriguez, Jose A. Campbell, Charles T. TI Professor D. Wayne Goodman, 1945-2012 SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rodriguez, Jose A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Campbell, Charles T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 1219 EP 1220 DI 10.1021/cs300285j PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950WR UT WOS:000304682600036 ER PT J AU Du, WX Deskins, NA Su, D Teng, XW AF Du, Wenxin Deskins, Nathaniel A. Su, Dong Teng, Xiaowei TI Iridium-Ruthenium Alloyed Nanoparticles for the Ethanol Oxidation Fuel Cell Reactions SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Ir-Ru nanoparticle; alloy; ethanol oxidation reaction; DFT calculations ID PT-RU ALLOYS; METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; QUANTITATIVE DEMS; ANODE CATALYSTS; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ELECTRODES; REDUCTION; PLATINUM; TECHNOLOGY AB In this study, carbon supported Ir-Ru nanoparticles with average sizes ranging from 2.9 to 3.7 nm were prepared using a polyol method. The combined character- so ization techniques, that is, scanning transmission electron 7F. 40 microscopy equipped with electron energy loss spectroscopy, 2 high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, were used to determine an Ir-Ru alloy nanostructure. Both cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (CA) results demonstrate that Ir77Ru23/C bears superior catalytic activities for the ethanol oxidation reaction compared to Ir/C and commercial Pt/C catalysts. In particular, the Ir77Ru23/C catalyst shows more than 21 times higher mass current density than that of Pt/C after 2 h reaction at a potential of 0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl in CA measurement. Density functional theory simulations also demonstrate the superiority of Ir-Ru alloys compared to Ir for the ethanol oxidation reaction. C1 [Du, Wenxin; Teng, Xiaowei] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Deskins, Nathaniel A.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA. [Su, Dong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Teng, XW (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM xw.teng@unh.edu RI Deskins, Nathaniel/H-3954-2012; Su, Dong/A-8233-2013; Du, Wenxin/P-9195-2014 OI Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683; FU University of New Hampshire; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work is supported in part by the University of New Hampshire (X.T., W.D.). Research carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 93 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 1226 EP 1231 DI 10.1021/cs3002308 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 950WR UT WOS:000304682600038 ER PT J AU Chen, YS Xu, YQ Perry, K Sokolov, AP More, K Pang, Y AF Chen, Yusheng Xu, Yongqian Perry, Kelly Sokolov, Alexei P. More, Karren Pang, Yi TI Achieving Diameter-Selective Separation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Using Polymer Conformation-Confined Helical Cavity SO ACS MACRO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RECOGNITION; TRANSISTORS; DISPERSION; COPOLYMER AB A water-soluble poly[(m-phenylenevinylene)-alt-(p-phenylenevinylene)] (PmPV) 2 has been synthesized, which exhibits an unsymmetrical substitution pattern on the paraphenylene unit. With one substituent being hydrophilic while the other being hydrophobic, the polymer chain has a higher tendency to fold in aqueous solution, thereby promoting helical conformation. The polymer is found to selectively disperse the single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) of small diameters (d = 0.75-0.84 nm), in sharp contrast to PmPV 1 with a symmetrical substitution pattern. The intriguing diameter-based selectivity is believed to be associated with the confined helical conformation, which provides a suitable cavity to host the SWNT of proper sizes. The study thus provides a useful demonstration that the polymer conformation can have a profound impact on the SWNT sorting. C1 [Chen, Yusheng; Xu, Yongqian; Pang, Yi] Univ Akron, Dept Chem, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Chen, Yusheng; Xu, Yongqian; Pang, Yi] Univ Akron, Maurice Morton Inst Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Perry, Kelly; Sokolov, Alexei P.; More, Karren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pang, Y (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Chem, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM yp5@uakron.edu RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016 OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097 FU AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0254]; Materials Science and Engineering Division; SHaRE user Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by AFOSR (Grant FA9550-10-1-0254). A.P.S. acknowledges partial support from the Materials Science and Engineering Division and the SHaRE user Facility, which are sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. We also thank Professor Mark Foster of University of Akron for assistance in acquiring part of Raman spectra and thank Professor Khalid Lafdi at University of Dayton for assistance in acquiring 2D fluorescence spectra. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2161-1653 J9 ACS MACRO LETT JI ACS Macro Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 1 IS 6 BP 701 EP 705 DI 10.1021/mz3001308 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 959NX UT WOS:000305320600011 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Chen, JH Hong, KL Mays, JW AF Wang, Xiaojun Chen, Jihua Hong, Kunlun Mays, Jimmy W. TI Well-Defined Polyisoprene-b-Poly(acrylic acid)/Polystyrene-b-Polyisoprene-b-Poly(acrylic acid) Block Copolymers: Synthesis and Their Self-Assembled Hierarchical Structures in Aqueous Media SO ACS MACRO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTICOMPARTMENT MICELLES; POLYMER MICELLES; ESTERS; METHACRYLATE); MICELLIZATION; HYDROLYSIS; ACRYLATE); CLEAVAGE; DIBLOCK AB The synthesis and characterization of well-defined polyacid based block copolymers containing polyisoprene (PI) are reported. The challenge of maintaining the integrity of the polydiene while producing polyacid from the tert-butyl ester precursor is addressed in this communication. A general purification method was also developed, taking advantage of the different polarities of each block. The polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-poly-(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PI-b-PAA) triblock terpolymers form multicompartmental micelles via aqueous self-assembly. Our work reveals the morphological consequences of unique balances among global and local interactions. C1 [Wang, Xiaojun; Mays, Jimmy W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Chen, Jihua; Hong, Kunlun; Mays, Jimmy W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mays, Jimmy W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mays, JW (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jimmymays@utk.edu RI Wang, Xiaojun/E-5510-2012; Chen, Jihua/F-1417-2011; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015 OI Chen, Jihua/0000-0001-6879-5936; Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111 FU Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX We are grateful for support from the Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Research conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences is sponsored at ORNL by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2161-1653 J9 ACS MACRO LETT JI ACS Macro Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 1 IS 6 BP 743 EP 747 DI 10.1021/mz300192u PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 959NX UT WOS:000305320600021 ER PT J AU Allcock, DTC Harty, TP Janacek, HA Linke, NM Ballance, CJ Steane, AM Lucas, DM Jarecki, RL Habermehl, SD Blain, MG Stick, D Moehring, DL AF Allcock, D. T. C. Harty, T. P. Janacek, H. A. Linke, N. M. Ballance, C. J. Steane, A. M. Lucas, D. M. Jarecki, R. L., Jr. Habermehl, S. D. Blain, M. G. Stick, D. Moehring, D. L. TI Heating rate and electrode charging measurements in a scalable, microfabricated, surface-electrode ion trap SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM COMPUTER AB We characterise the performance of a surface-electrode ion "chip" trap fabricated using established semiconductor integrated circuit and micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) microfabrication processes, which are in principle scalable to much larger ion trap arrays, as proposed for implementing ion trap quantum information processing. We measure rf ion micromotion parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the trap electrodes, and find that on-package capacitors reduce this to a parts per thousand(2)10 nm in amplitude. We also measure ion trapping lifetime, charging effects due to laser light incident on the trap electrodes, and the heating rate for a single trapped ion. The performance of this trap is found to be comparable with others of the same size scale. C1 [Allcock, D. T. C.; Harty, T. P.; Janacek, H. A.; Linke, N. M.; Ballance, C. J.; Steane, A. M.; Lucas, D. M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Jarecki, R. L., Jr.; Habermehl, S. D.; Blain, M. G.; Stick, D.; Moehring, D. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Allcock, DTC (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM d.allcock1@physics.ox.ac.uk RI Allcock, David/C-7582-2013; OI Allcock, David/0000-0002-7317-5560; Harty, Thomas/0000-0003-4077-226X FU EPSRC; IARPA; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We are grateful to Luca Guidoni for helpful comments on the manuscript and to Derek Stacey, Graham Quelch, Jack Devlin and Martin Felle for laboratory support. This work was supported by the EPSRC Science and Innovation programme and by IARPA. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 107 IS 4 BP 913 EP 919 DI 10.1007/s00340-011-4788-5 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 964XO UT WOS:000305730200005 ER PT J AU Zhu, ZG Sun, FF Zhang, XZ Zhang, YHP AF Zhu, Zhiguang Sun, Fangfang Zhang, Xiaozhou Zhang, Y-H Percival TI Deep oxidation of glucose in enzymatic fuel cells through a synthetic enzymatic pathway containing a cascade of two thermostable dehydrogenases SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Deep oxidation; Enzymatic fuel cell; Glucose biobattery; Thermoenzyme; Synthetic enzymatic pathway ID BIOFUEL CELLS; RIBOSE-5-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PURIFICATION; DESIGN AB A synthetic enzymatic pathway was designed for the deep oxidation of glucose in enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs). Polyphosphate glucokinase converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate using low-cost, stable polyphosphate rather than costly ATP. Two NAD-dependent dehydrogenases (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydronase) that were immobilized on the bioanode were responsible for generating two NADH per glucose-6-phosphate (i.e., four electrons were generated per glucose via a diaphorase-vitamin K-3 electron shuttle system at the anode). Additionally, to prolong the enzyme lifetime and increase the power output, all of the recombinant enzymes that originated from thermophiles were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. The maximum power density of the EFC with two dehydrogenases was 0.0203 mW cm(-2) in 10 mM glucose at room temperature, which was 32% higher than that of an EFC with one dehydrogenase, suggesting that the deep oxidation of glucose hard occurred. When the temperature was increased to 50 degrees C, the maximum power density increased to 0.322 mW cm(-2), which was approximately eight times higher than that based on mesophilic enzymes at the same temperature. Our results suggest that the deep oxidation of glucose could be achieved by using multiple dehydrogenases in synthetic cascade pathways and that high power output could be achieved by using thermostable enzymes at elevated temperatures. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Zhiguang; Sun, Fangfang; Zhang, Xiaozhou; Zhang, Y-H Percival] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zhang, Y-H Percival] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, ICTAS, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zhang, Y-H Percival] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhang, Xiaozhou; Zhang, Y-H Percival] Gate Fuels Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP Zhang, YHP (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 304 Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ypzhang@vt.edu RI Zhu, Zhiguang/I-3936-2016 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI [FA9550-08-1-0145]; DOE Bioenergy Science Center (BESC); CALS Bioprocessing and Biodesign Center FX This work was supported mainly by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI grant (FA9550-08-1-0145), and partially by DOE Bioenergy Science Center (BESC) and CALS Bioprocessing and Biodesign Center. NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD JUN-JUL PY 2012 VL 36 IS 1 BP 110 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2012.04.001 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 964BC UT WOS:000305667700018 PM 22521942 ER PT J AU Barker, D Huang, XY Liu, ZQ Auligne, T Zhang, X Rugg, S Ajjaji, R Bourgeois, A Bray, J Chen, YS Demirtas, M Guo, YR Henderson, T Huang, W Lin, HC Michalakes, J Rizvi, S Zhang, XY AF Barker, Dale Huang, Xiang-Yu Liu, Zhiquan Auligne, Tom Zhang, Xin Rugg, Steven Ajjaji, Raji Bourgeois, Al Bray, John Chen, Yongsheng Demirtas, Meral Guo, Yong-Run Henderson, Tom Huang, Wei Lin, Hui-Chuan Michalakes, John Rizvi, Syed Zhang, Xiaoyan TI THE WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODEL'S COMMUNITY VARIATIONAL/ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM WRFDA SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MESOSCALE PREDICTION SYSTEM; TRANSFORM KALMAN FILTER; RADAR DATA ASSIMILATION; SEVERE WIND EVENT; TYPHOON RUSA 2002; PART I; BIAS CORRECTION; SATELLITE DATA; SCHEME; IMPACT C1 [Huang, Xiang-Yu; Liu, Zhiquan; Auligne, Tom; Zhang, Xin; Bourgeois, Al; Guo, Yong-Run; Huang, Wei; Lin, Hui-Chuan; Rizvi, Syed; Zhang, Xiaoyan] NCAR, MMM Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Barker, Dale] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Rugg, Steven] USAF, Weather Agcy, Offutt AFB, NE USA. [Ajjaji, Raji] AF & Air Def Meteorol Dept, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Chen, Yongsheng] York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Demirtas, Meral] Turkish State Meteorol Serv, Ankara, Turkey. [Henderson, Tom] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Michalakes, John] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Huang, XY (reprint author), NCAR, MMM Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM huangx@ucar.edu RI Zhang, Xin/L-7141-2015; Demirtas, Meral/Q-8555-2016 OI Demirtas, Meral/0000-0002-3026-9276 NR 58 TC 90 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 93 IS 6 BP 831 EP 843 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00167.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 964VI UT WOS:000305724400011 ER PT J AU Vogelmann, AM McFarquhar, GM Ogren, JA Turner, DD Comstock, JM Feingold, G Long, CN Jonsson, HH Bucholtz, A Collins, DR Diskin, GS Gerber, H Lawson, RP Woods, RK Andrews, E Yang, HJ Chiu, JC Hartsock, D Hubbe, JM Lo, CM Marshak, A Monroe, JW McFarlane, SA Schmid, B Tomlinson, JM Toto, T AF Vogelmann, Andrew M. McFarquhar, Greg M. Ogren, John A. Turner, David D. Comstock, Jennifer M. Feingold, Graham Long, Charles N. Jonsson, Haflidi H. Bucholtz, Anthony Collins, Don R. Diskin, Glenn S. Gerber, Hermann Lawson, R. Paul Woods, Roy K. Andrews, Elisabeth Yang, Hee-Jung Chiu, J. Christine Hartsock, Daniel Hubbe, John M. Lo, Chaomei Marshak, Alexander Monroe, Justin W. McFarlane, Sally A. Schmid, Beat Tomlinson, Jason M. Toto, Tami TI RACORO EXTENDED-TERM AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS OF BOUNDARY LAYER CLOUDS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID WATER PATH; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; DIURNAL CYCLE; MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS; CONVECTION OVERLAND; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; INDIAN-OCEAN; ARM CART; IN-SITU C1 [Vogelmann, Andrew M.; Toto, Tami] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [McFarquhar, Greg M.; Yang, Hee-Jung] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Ogren, John A.; Feingold, Graham; Andrews, Elisabeth] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. [Turner, David D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Comstock, Jennifer M.; Long, Charles N.; Hubbe, John M.; Lo, Chaomei; McFarlane, Sally A.; Schmid, Beat; Tomlinson, Jason M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Jonsson, Haflidi H.; Woods, Roy K.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Bucholtz, Anthony] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Collins, Don R.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Diskin, Glenn S.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Gerber, Hermann] Gerber Sci Inc, Reston, VA USA. [Lawson, R. Paul] SPEC Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Andrews, Elisabeth] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Chiu, J. Christine] Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England. [Hartsock, Daniel; Monroe, Justin W.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Marshak, Alexander] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Vogelmann, AM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 490D, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM vogelmann@bnl.gov RI Collins, Don/F-9617-2012; Tomlinson, Jason/C-6566-2009; Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Chiu, Christine/E-5649-2013; Marshak, Alexander/D-5671-2012; Vogelmann, Andrew/M-8779-2014; Ogren, John/M-8255-2015; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI Chiu, Christine/0000-0002-8951-6913; Vogelmann, Andrew/0000-0003-1918-5423; Ogren, John/0000-0002-7895-9583; McFarquhar, Greg/0000-0003-0950-0135 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research; Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER Project [DE-AC06-76RLO 1,830, DE-FG02-05ER64062, DE-AI05-09OR23371, DE-SC0000543, DE-AI-02-08ER64562, DE-FG02-08ER64563, DE-FG02-08ER54564]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We gratefully acknowledge the many contributions by Debbie Ronfeld (AAF logistics point of contact), pilots Mike Hubbell and Chris McGuire, copilot Dave McSwaggan, Jesse Barge (cabin instrument operations), and Greg Cooper (CIRPAS aircraft operations) and the web and media support by Sherman Beus and Lynne Roeder, respectively. We are delighted to acknowledge the NASA King Air team for their collaborative participation and excellent flight coordination (PIs Rich Ferrare, Chris Hostetler, and Brian Cairns). Data used in this article are from the U.S. Department of Energy AAF RACORO campaign and from the SGP ARM Climate Research Facility. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research program, under the following grants/contracts: DE-AC02-98CH10886 and the Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER Project (AMV, TT); DE-SC0005008 (JAO, EA); DE-FG02-08ER64538 (DDT); DE-FG02-02ER63337 (GM, HJY); DE-FG02-07ER64378 (GM, HJY); DE-FG02-09ER64770 (GM, HJY); DE-SC0001279 (GM, HJY); DE-SC0005507 (GM, HJY); DE-SC0002037 (GF); DE-AC06-76RLO 1,830 (CNL, SAM); DE-FG02-05ER64062 (DH, JWM); DE-AI05-09OR23371 (AB); DE-SC0000543 (GSD); DE-AI-02-08ER64562 (AM); DE-FG02-08ER64563 (AM, JCC); and DE-FG02-08ER54564 (AM). NR 56 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 93 IS 6 BP 861 EP 878 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00189.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 964VI UT WOS:000305724400013 ER PT J AU Levine, JA Jadhav, S Bhatia, H Pascucci, V Bremer, PT AF Levine, J. A. Jadhav, S. Bhatia, H. Pascucci, V. Bremer, P. -T. TI A Quantized Boundary Representation of 2D Flows SO COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM LA English DT Article ID VECTOR-FIELDS; MORSE DECOMPOSITIONS; SIMPLIFICATION; VISUALIZATION; STREAMLINES AB Analysis and visualization of complex vector fields remain major challenges when studying large scale simulation of physical phenomena. The primary reason is the gap between the concepts of smooth vector field theory and their computational realization. In practice, researchers must choose between either numerical techniques, with limited or no guarantees on how they preserve fundamental invariants, or discrete techniques which limit the precision at which the vector field can be represented. We propose a new representation of vector fields that combines the advantages of both approaches. In particular, we represent a subset of possible streamlines by storing their paths as they traverse the edges of a triangulation. Using only a finite set of streamlines creates a fully discrete version of a vector field that nevertheless approximates the smooth flow up to a user controlled error bound. The discrete nature of our representation enables us to directly compute and classify analogues of critical points, closed orbits, and other common topological structures. Further, by varying the number of divisions (quantizations) used per edge, we vary the resolution used to represent the field, allowing for controlled precision. This representation is compact in memory and supports standard vector field operations. C1 [Levine, J. A.; Jadhav, S.; Bhatia, H.; Pascucci, V.; Bremer, P. -T.] Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bhatia, H.; Bremer, P. -T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Levine, JA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. FU NSF [IIS-1045032, OCI-0904631, OCI-0906379, CCF-0702817]; KAUST [KUS-C1-016-04]; U.S. DOE by the Univ. of Utah [DE-SC0001922, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FC02-06ER25781]; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work is supported in part by NSF awards IIS-1045032, OCI-0904631, OCI-0906379 and CCF-0702817, and by KAUST Award KUS-C1-016-04. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by the Univ. of Utah under contracts DE-SC0001922, DE-AC52-07NA27344, and DE-FC02-06ER25781, and LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We thank Guoning Chen, Eugene Zhang, and Andrzej Szymczak for helping us generate Fig. 9. We are grateful for data from Jackie Chen (Figs. 10 and 11(b)), Han-Wei Shen (Fig. 11(a)), and Mathew Maltrud from the Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modelling program at LANL and the BER Office of Science UV-CDAT team (Figs. 1, 5, 8, 9). LLNL-CONF-548652. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0167-7055 J9 COMPUT GRAPH FORUM JI Comput. Graph. Forum PD JUN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 945 EP 954 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03087.x PN 1 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 963ER UT WOS:000305603400010 ER PT J AU Williams, S Petersen, M Hecht, M Maltrud, M Patchett, J Ahrens, J Hamann, B AF Williams, S. Petersen, M. Hecht, M. Maltrud, M. Patchett, J. Ahrens, J. Hamann, B. TI Interface Exchange as an Indicator for Eddy Heat Transport SO COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM LA English DT Article DE Computer Graphics [I.3.8]: Applications; Oceanography Simulation and Modeling [I.6.6]: Simulation Output Analysis; Ocean General Circulation Models ID VORTEX REGIONS; OCEAN; GULF; FLOW; SEA AB The ocean contains many large-scale, long-lived vortices, called mesoscale eddies, that are believed to have a role in the transport and redistribution of salt, heat, and nutrients throughout the ocean. Determining this role, however, has proven to be a challenge, since the mechanics of eddies are only partly understood; a standard definition for these ocean eddies does not exist and, therefore, scientifically meaningful, robust methods for eddy extraction, characterization, tracking and visualization remain a challenge. To shed light on the nature and potential roles of eddies, we extend our previous work on eddy identification and tracking to construct a new metric to characterize the transfer of water into and out of eddies across their boundary, and produce several visualizations of this new metric to provide clues about the role eddies play in the global ocean. C1 [Williams, S.; Petersen, M.; Hecht, M.; Patchett, J.; Ahrens, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Williams, S.; Hamann, B.] Univ Calif Davis, IDAV, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Maltrud, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Williams, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Hecht, Matthew/0000-0003-0946-4007; Petersen, Mark/0000-0001-7170-7511 FU UV-CDAT project in the Climate and Earth System Modeling programs under the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the US Department of Energy's Office of Science; Earth System Modeling and Regional and Global Climate Modeling programs of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the US Department of Energy's Office of Science FX This work was supported by the UV-CDAT project in the Climate and Earth System Modeling programs under the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the US Department of Energy's Office of Science. This work was also supported by the Earth System Modeling and Regional and Global Climate Modeling programs of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the US Department of Energy's Office of Science. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0167-7055 J9 COMPUT GRAPH FORUM JI Comput. Graph. Forum PD JUN PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 1125 EP 1134 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03105.x PN 3 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 963EU UT WOS:000305603700002 ER PT J AU Joseph, I AF Joseph, I. TI Edge-Localized Mode Control and Transport Generated by Externally Applied Magnetic Perturbations SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Tokamak; edge localized mode control; magnetic perturbations; quasilinear transport ID RADIAL ELECTRIC-FIELD; DIII-D PLASMAS; TOKAMAK PLASMAS; ERGODIC DIVERTOR; TEARING MODES; ERROR-FIELD; INSTABILITIES; CONDUCTIVITY; CONFINEMENT; STABILITY AB This article reviews the subject of edge localized mode (ELM) control using externally applied magnetic perturbations and proposes theoretical mechanisms that may be responsible for the induced transport changes. The first question that must be addressed is: what is the structure of magnetic field within the plasma? Although initial hypotheses focused on the possibility of the creation of a region of stochastic field lines at the tokamak edge, drift magnetohydrodynamics theory predicts that magnetic reconnection is strongly suppressed over the region of the pedestal with steep gradients and fast perpendicular rotation. Reconnection can only occur near the location where the perpendicular electron velocity vanishes, and hence the electron impedance nearly vanishes, or near the foot of the pedestal, where the plasma is sufficiently cold and resistive. The next question that must be addressed is: which processes are responsible for the observed transport changes, nonlinearity, turbulence, or stochasticity? Over the pedestal region where ions and electrons rotate in opposite directions relative to the perturbation, the quasilinear Lorentz force decelerates the electron fluid and accelerates the ion fluid. The quasilinear magnetic flutter flux is proportional to the force and produces an outward convective transport that can be significant. Over the pedestal region where the E x B flow and the electrons rotate in opposite directions relative to the perturbation, magnetic islands with a width on the order of the ion gyroradius can directly radiate drift waves. In addition, the combination of quasilinear electron transport and ion viscous transport can lead to a large net particle flux. Since there are many transport mechanisms that may be active simultaneously, it is important to determine which physical mechanisms are responsible for ELM control and to predict the scaling to future devices ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Joseph, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-637, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM joseph5@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The author gratefully acknowledges fruitful collaborations and discussions with F. L. Waelbroeck and A. H. Boozer and would like to thank M. A. Dorf for a careful reading of the manuscript. The author would also like to thank the DIII-D team for the permission to analyze data for ELM suppression discharge 126006 and T. H. Osborne, in particular, for the use of his Python analysis tools. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 113 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 326 EP 347 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210014 PG 22 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400007 ER PT J AU Angus, JR Umansky, M Krasheninnikov, SI AF Angus, J. R. Umansky, M. Krasheninnikov, S. I. TI 3D Blob Modelling with BOUT++ SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Blobs; Tokamaks; ELMS ID TURBULENCE; TRANSPORT; EDGE AB Plasma blobs found in the edge region of tokamaks are important to understand because they contribute to a large amount of the plasma particle transport in the SOL (scrape off layer). Most of the work to date is limited to 2D theory and simulations by ignoring the variation of blob parameters along the magnetic field line. 3D effects are examined in the electrostatic limit in this paper using the code BOUT++ by allowing for the variation of blob density and potential along the field line. It is demonstrated that the 3D variation of these parameters can lead to a Boltzmann potential relation that will cause the blob to spin and induce turbulent motion via unstable drift waves ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Angus, J. R.; Krasheninnikov, S. I.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Umansky, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Angus, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jangus@ucsd.edu NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 20 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 348 EP 352 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210015 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400008 ER PT J AU Xia, TY Xu, XQ Dudson, BD Li, J AF Xia, T. Y. Xu, X. Q. Dudson, B. D. Li, J. TI Nonlinear Simulations of Peeling-Ballooning Modes with Parallel Velocity Perturbation SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE ELM; two-fluid; rf waves; simulation; H-mode ID EDGE LOCALIZED INSTABILITIES; MHD STABILITY; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS AB The fast-reconnection simulation of ELMs in high-confinement mode tokamak discharges with non-ideal physics effects has been reported by Xu, et al [1] with a minimum set of three-field two-fluid equations. Here we improve the simulation by adding the perturbed parallel velocity and Hall effect, then extend the model to a set of four-field two-fluid equations to describe the pedestal collapse with the BOUT++ simulation code. Compared to the previous results, we find that the perturbed parallel velocity can decrease the growth rate by 20.0%, and the ELM size is decreased by 12.1%. The Hall effect influences the linear growth rate effectively. Without perturbed parallel velocity, the Hall effect will increase the growth rate by 9.8%. It is increased by 19.1% if the parallel velocity is considered. These results are consistent with the qualitative theoretical analysis. In order to smooth the perturbed zigzags of the profiles of variables, we add the hyper-diffusion terms in the equations. We use the hyper-diffusion of pressure which does not affect the linear growth rate and the ELM structure obviously, but they can smooth the profiles effectively on grid scales. Last the effects of other differencing methods are discussed and we find that lower order method yeilds lower fluctuation level and smaller ELM size ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Xia, T. Y.; Li, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. [Xia, T. Y.; Xu, X. Q.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dudson, B. D.] Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Xia, TY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. EM xiaty@ipp.ac.cn OI Dudson, Benjamin/0000-0002-0094-4867 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; China Natural Science Foundation [10721505] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and is supported by the China Natural Science Foundation under Contract No. 10721505. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210016 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400009 ER PT J AU Kagan, G Marr, KD Pusztai, I Landreman, M Catto, PJ Lipschultz, B AF Kagan, G. Marr, K. D. Pusztai, I. Landreman, M. Catto, P. J. Lipschultz, B. TI Neoclassical Theory of Pedestal Flows and Comparison with Alcator C-Mod Measurements SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Edge plasma; pedestal; flows; neoclassical AB Neoclassical implications of the strong radial electric field, inherently present in an H-mode tokamak pedestal, are considered. The main ion poloidal flow in the pedestal is predicted to be reduced in magnitude, or even reversed, compared with its core counterpart. The resulting change in the neoclassical formula for the impurity flow is shown to result in improved agreement with boron measurements in the Alcator C-Mod pedestal. In addition, due to the ion flow being modified, the bootstrap current is expected to be enhanced in the pedestal over conventional predictions ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Kagan, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Marr, K. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pusztai, I.] Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Pusztai, I.] Euratom VR Assoc, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Landreman, M.; Catto, P. J.; Lipschultz, B.] Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Kagan, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kagan@lanl.gov RI Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012; Landreman, Matt/C-7684-2017 OI Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684; Landreman, Matt/0000-0002-7233-577X FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences at the Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences at the Plasma Science and Fusion Center of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology [DE-FG02-91ER-54109] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under contracts DE-AC52-06NA25396 at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and DE-FG02-91ER-54109 at the Plasma Science and Fusion Center of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 365 EP 371 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210018 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400011 ER PT J AU Friedman, B Umansky, MV Carter, TA AF Friedman, B. Umansky, M. V. Carter, T. A. TI Grid Convergence Study in a Simulation of LAPD Turbulence SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Plasma; turbulent; finite difference; wavenumber spectrum; numerical diffusion; dissipation range AB Grid convergence of plasma drift turbulence simulations in the Large Plasma Device is studied. When first order upwind advection schemes are used, numerical finite difference diffusion errors cause turbulence statistics, especially saturation levels to vary when grid spacing is changed. The significance and magnitude of the variation is explored, and it is found that use of very fine meshes or higher order advection schemes combined with artificial diffusion and viscosity can lead to grid convergence, while maintaining experimentally consistent saturation levels. It is also found that the details of dissipation range dynamics, such as the level of diffusion, have a significant impact on driven range dynamics due to the lack of a large inertial range in the simulations ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Friedman, B.; Carter, T. A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Umansky, M. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Friedman, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM friedman@physics.ucla.edu RI Carter, Troy/E-7090-2010 OI Carter, Troy/0000-0002-5741-0495 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Oak Ridge Associated Universities FX This research was performed under appointment to the Fusion Energy Sciences Fellowship Program administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education under a contract between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Oak Ridge Associated Universities. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 412 EP 416 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210025 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400018 ER PT J AU Umansky, MV Brunner, D LaBombard, B Rognlien, TD AF Umansky, M. V. Brunner, D. LaBombard, B. Rognlien, T. D. TI Modeling of Local Edge Plasma Perturbations Induced by a Biased Probe SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Tokamak; plasma divertor ID DETACHMENT; DIVERTOR; SIMULATION; CODE AB The Langmuir probe is a standard diagnostic tool for laboratory plasmas, routinely used for edge plasmas in magnetic fusion devices. However, recent studies on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak indicate the possibility of a substantial local plasma perturbation by a negatively biased divertor plate target probe under high recycling conditions when the electron temperature is under similar to 10 eV. The effects of the probe perturbation of the plasma are studied using the tokamak edge plasma code UEDGE for parameters relevant to Alcator C-Mod edge. It is found that at sufficiently negative bias voltage, the probe substantially modifies the local plasma characteristics. In particular, this is relevant to the experimentally known death-ray phenomenon, where the plasma pressure near the probe strongly exceeds the upstream value. Certain features of the death-ray phenomenon are reproduced in the modeling, pointing to interplay of plasma and neutrals transport, atomic physics, and sheath heat-flux boundary conditions ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Umansky, M. V.; Rognlien, T. D.] LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Brunner, D.; LaBombard, B.] MIT Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Umansky, MV (reprint author), LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM umansky1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 417 EP 423 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210026 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400019 ER PT J AU Smirnov, RD Krasheninnikov, SI Pigarov, AY Rognlien, TD Mansfield, DK Skinner, CH Roquemore, AL AF Smirnov, R. D. Krasheninnikov, S. I. Pigarov, A. Yu. Rognlien, T. D. Mansfield, D. K. Skinner, C. H. Roquemore, A. L. TI Impurity Seeding with Dust Injection in Tokamak Edge Plasmas SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Dust; impurity; radiation; divertor ID DYNAMICS AB Impurity seeding of tokamak edge plasmas in the form of dust is modeled using the recently coupled DUSTT/UEDGE code. The effects on edge plasma performance due to lithium and carbon dust continuously injected at different poloidal locations in NSTX and ITER are modeled. Modeling demonstrates that dust injection into the edge plasma with rates of the order of several 10 mg . s1 for NSTX and 1 g . s1 for ITER can significantly increase radiation power losses leading to substantial reduction of the divertor heat load. The impact of different rates of dust injection on plasma operation and stability is discussed. The simulated edge plasma performance with injected dust is compared with the case of injection of an equivalent amount of dust material in the form of atomic vapor. It is shown that injection of dust in ITER can lead to better assimilation of impurities in the divertor plasma as compared to neutral gas injection ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Smirnov, R. D.; Krasheninnikov, S. I.; Pigarov, A. Yu.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Rognlien, T. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Mansfield, D. K.; Skinner, C. H.; Roquemore, A. L.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Smirnov, RD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM rsmirnov@ucsd.edu RI Skinner, Charles/C-2314-2013; Smirnov, Roman/B-9916-2011 OI Smirnov, Roman/0000-0002-9114-5330 FU U.S. Department of Energy at UCSD [DE-FG02-06ER54852] FX The work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at UCSD under Grant No DE-FG02-06ER54852. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 435 EP 439 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210029 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400022 ER PT J AU Pigarov, AY Krstic, P Krasheninnikov, SI Doerner, R Rognlien, TD AF Pigarov, A. Yu Krstic, P. Krasheninnikov, S. I. Doerner, R. Rognlien, T. D. TI Dynamic Models for Plasma-Wall Interactions SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Plasma-wall interaction; recycling; sputtering; retention ID RADIATION-ENHANCED SUBLIMATION; HYDROGEN RETENTION; DIFFUSION; SIMULATION; BERYLLIUM; GRAPHITE; SURFACE; ENERGY; SATURATION; KINETICS AB In theory and modeling of plasma-wall interactions, very different spatial and temporal scales need to be resolved. Hierarchy of material models (e.g. macroscopic transport, Kinetic Monte Carlo, Molecular Dynamics, and quantum models) used in fusion applications is reviewed and a way of their integration is highlighted. Physics background, theory and applications of macroscopic transport models, which are the main focus of the paper, are thoroughly discussed. The results on self-consistent macroscopic modeling of major physics phenomena, e.g. hydrogen recycling, retention, chemistry, chemical sputtering, and radiation enhanced sublimation for fusion related materials are presented. An example of coupled plasma and material transport simulations is given. The results on Molecular Dynamics modeling of deuterium irradiation of carbon leading to formation of supersaturated surfaces and chemical sputtering are presented ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Pigarov, A. Yu; Krasheninnikov, S. I.; Doerner, R.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Krstic, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Rognlien, T. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pigarov, AY (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM apigarov@ucsd.edu NR 72 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 465 EP 477 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210035 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400028 ER PT J AU Dorf, MA Cohen, RH Compton, JC Dorr, M Rognlien, TD Angus, J Krasheninnikov, S Colella, P Martin, D McCorquodale, P AF Dorf, M. A. Cohen, R. H. Compton, J. C. Dorr, M. Rognlien, T. D. Angus, J. Krasheninnikov, S. Colella, P. Martin, D. McCorquodale, P. TI Progress with the COGENT Edge Kinetic Code: Collision Operator Options SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Edge; plasma; simulation; kinetic; gyrokinetic AB COGENT is a continuum gyrokinetic code for edge plasmas being developed by the Edge Simulation Laboratory collaboration. The code is distinguished by application of the fourth order conservative discretization, and mapped multiblock grid technology to handle the geometric complexity of the tokamak edge. It is written in v?-mu (parallel velocity magnetic moment) velocity coordinates, and making use of the gyrokinetic Poisson equation for the calculation of a self-consistent electric potential. In the present manuscript we report on the implementation and initial testing of a succession of increasingly detailed collision operator options, including a simple drag-diffusion operator in the parallel velocity space, Lorentz collisions, and a linearized model Fokker-Planck collision operator conserving momentum and energy ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Dorf, M. A.; Cohen, R. H.; Compton, J. C.; Dorr, M.; Rognlien, T. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Angus, J.; Krasheninnikov, S.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Colella, P.; Martin, D.; McCorquodale, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dorf, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dorf1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 518 EP 522 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210042 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400035 ER PT J AU Guo, Z Tang, XZ AF Guo, Z. Tang, X. -Z. TI Heat Flux Dependence of Ambipolar Potential and Plasma Profile in a Long Mean-Free-Path Plasma Along Non-Uniform Open Magnetic Field Lines SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Heat flux; parallel transport; ambipolar potential; anisotropy; long mean-free-path; open magnetic field line; mirror force ID HYDROMAGNETIC EQUATIONS; COLLISIONLESS AB Parallel transport along an open magnetic field line produces and sustains temperature anisotropy for a long mean-free-path plasma. The parallel variation of ambipolar potential (F) and plasma profiles such as density (n), parallel and perpendicular temperature (T? and T?), and parallel flow (u), is found to be critically dependent on the two distinct components of the parallel heat flux, qn and qs. Both their profile (qn/B and qs/B2) and the upstream values of the ratio of the conductive and convective thermal flux (qn/nuT? and qs/nuT?) provide the controlling physics, in addition to B modulation ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Guo, Z.; Tang, X. -Z.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guo, Z (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM guo@lanl.gov RI guo, zehua/E-4454-2014 FU Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We wish to thank Herb Berk for useful discussions and Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences for support under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 523 EP 528 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210043 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400036 ER PT J AU Cohen, RH Dorf, M Dorr, M AF Cohen, R. H. Dorf, M. Dorr, M. TI Reduced Electron Models for Edge Simulation SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Workshop on Plasma Edge Theory in Fusion Devices CY SEP 19-21, 2011 CL South Lake Tahoe, CA DE Edge plasma; simulation; kinetic AB We consider the treatment of electrons in kinetic simulations of edge plasmas. A fully kinetic treatment of electrons is expensive because of the short timescales associated with rapid streaming along field lines. Hence we survey a number of reduced options, of varying complexity, with particular attention to the adiabatic model commonly used for core plasmas. We note that the adiabatic model is the linear limit of a Boltzmann model, whose nonlinear form is more appropriate for the large potential variations in edge plasmas, and then consider extensions to the Boltzmann model which render it applicable to a plasma which includes end-loss in the scrape-off layer ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Cohen, R. H.; Dorf, M.; Dorr, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Cohen, RH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rcohen@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank D. Ryutov for a proofreading of and comments on the manuscript. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 EI 1521-3986 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 529 EP 533 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210044 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400037 ER PT J AU Ryutov, DD Cohen, RH Rognlien, TD Umansky, MV AF Ryutov, D. D. Cohen, R. H. Rognlien, T. D. Umansky, M. V. TI Plasma Convection Near the Magnetic Null of a Snowflake Divertor During an ELM Event SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Tokamak; Snowflake divertor; ELM; Heat exhaust ID PEDESTAL AB A snowflake magnetic configuration is created in a tokamak when the poloidal magnetic field and its first spatial derivatives become zero at a certain point. The separatrix then acquires a characteristic hexagonal shape reminiscent of a snowflake. We study new features of the plasma macroscopic equilibrium and stability in the vicinity of the snowflake null. We note that, compared to the standard X-point divertor, the zone of weak poloidal magnetic field is much larger. The weak poloidal field leads to development of intense plasma convection over the expanded area around the null-point during the ejection phase of an edge localized mode (ELM) event when the plasma pressure in the scrape-off layer increases compared to its inter-ELM value. Intense convection may lead to a roughly-equal splitting of the heat flux between the 4 snowflake divertor legs and to a broadening of the plasma wetted area in each leg, thereby mitigating damage to divertor plates ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Ryutov, D. D.; Cohen, R. H.; Rognlien, T. D.; Umansky, M. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ryutov, DD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ryutov1@llnl.gov FU U.S. DoE by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors are grateful to V. Soukhanovskii (NSTX) and to the members of a TCV team for helpful discussions. This work was performed for U.S. DoE by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0863-1042 J9 CONTRIB PLASM PHYS JI Contrib. Plasma Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 539 EP 543 DI 10.1002/ctpp.201210046 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 965GD UT WOS:000305754400039 ER PT J AU Beckham, GT Dai, ZY Matthews, JF Momany, M Payne, CM Adney, WS Baker, SE Himmel, ME AF Beckham, Gregg T. Dai, Ziyu Matthews, James F. Momany, Michelle Payne, Christina M. Adney, William S. Baker, Scott E. Himmel, Michael E. TI Harnessing glycosylation to improve cellulase activity SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULE; TRICHODERMA-REESEI CELLULASES; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; HYPOCREA-JECORINA; O-GLYCOSYLATION; PROCESSIVE CELLULASE; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS; PICHIA-PASTORIS; N-GLYCOSYLATION AB Cellulases and hemicellulases are responsible for the turnover of plant cell wall polysaccharides in the biosphere, and thus form the foundation of enzyme engineering efforts in biofuels research. Many of these carbohydrate-active enzymes from filamentous fungi contain both N-linked and O-linked glycosylation, the extent and heterogeneity of which depends on growth conditions, expression host, and the presence of glycan trimming enzymes in the secretome, all of which in turn impact enzyme activity. As the roles of glycosylation in enzyme function have not been fully elucidated, here we discuss the potential roles of glycosylation on glycoside hydrolase enzyme structure and function after secretion. We posit that glycosylation, instead of hindering cellulase engineering, can be used as an additional tool to enhance enzyme activity, given deeper understanding of its molecular-level role in biomass deconstruction. C1 [Beckham, Gregg T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Beckham, Gregg T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Dai, Ziyu; Baker, Scott E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Matthews, James F.; Payne, Christina M.; Adney, William S.; Himmel, Michael E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Momany, Michelle] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Beckham, GT (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO USA. EM gregg.beckham@nrel.gov RI Payne, Christina/C-7338-2011; Momany, Michelle/L-2327-2016; OI Payne, Christina/0000-0001-5264-0964; Momany, Michelle/0000-0001-7110-063X FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of the Biomass Program; Bioenergy Systems Research Initiative at the University of Georgia [BSRI1104] FX GTB, ZD, JFM, CMP, WSA, SEB, and MEH thank the U.S. Department of Energy Office of the Biomass Program for funding. MM acknowledges award BSRI1104 from the Bioenergy Systems Research Initiative at the University of Georgia. NR 52 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 75 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 338 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.11.030 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100008 PM 22186222 ER PT J AU Kontur, WS Noguera, DR Donohue, TJ AF Kontur, Wayne S. Noguera, Daniel R. Donohue, Timothy J. TI Maximizing reductant flow into microbial H-2 production SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID METABOLIC-FLUX ANALYSIS; FERMENTATIVE HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI STRAINS; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION; PHOTOSYSTEM-I; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; LIGHT; DARK AB Developing microbes into a sustainable source of hydrogen gas (H-2) will require maximizing intracellular reductant flow toward the H-2-producing enzymes. Recent attempts to increase H-2 production in dark fermentative bacteria include increasing oxidation of organic substrates through metabolic engineering and expression of exogenous hydrogenases. In photofermentative bacteria, H-2 production can be increased by minimizing reductant flow into competing pathways such as biomass formation and the Calvin cycle. One method of directing reductant toward H-2 production being investigated in oxygenic phototrophs, which could potentially be applied to other H-2-producing organisms, is the tethering of electron donors and acceptors, such as hydrogenase and photosystem I, to create new intermolecular electron transfer pathways. C1 [Kontur, Wayne S.; Donohue, Timothy J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Noguera, Daniel R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kontur, Wayne S.; Noguera, Daniel R.; Donohue, Timothy J.] US DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Donohue, TJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM tdonohue@bact.wisc.edu OI Donohue, Timothy/0000-0001-8738-2467 FU Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research [DE-FG02-07ER64495]; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was funded partly by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (DE-FG02-07ER64495) and the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 56 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 24 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 382 EP 389 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.10.003 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100012 PM 22036711 ER PT J AU Blanch, HW AF Blanch, Harvey W. TI Bioprocessing for biofuels SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID IONIC LIQUIDS; CORN STOVER; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; BIOMASS RECALCITRANCE; MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; CARBON-MONOXIDE; DILUTE-ACID; ETHANOL AB While engineering of new biofuels pathways into microbial hosts has received considerable attention, innovations in bioprocessing are required for commercialization of both conventional and next-generation fuels. For ethanol and butanol, reducing energy costs for product recovery remains a challenge. Fuels produced from heterologous aerobic pathways in yeast and bacteria require control of aeration and cooling at large scales. Converting lignocellulosic biomass to sugars for fuels production requires effective biomass pretreatment to increase surface area, decrystallize cellulose and facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis. Effective means to recover microalgae and extract their intracellular lipids remains a practical and economic bottleneck in algal biodiesel production. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Blanch, HW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM blanch@berkeley.edu RI Hu, Xiaojuan/C-4383-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 71 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 113 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 390 EP 395 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.10.002 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100013 PM 22033175 ER PT J AU Olson, DG McBride, JE Shaw, AJ Lynd, LR AF Olson, Daniel G. McBride, John E. Shaw, A. Joe Lynd, Lee R. TI Recent progress in consolidated bioprocessing SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; STRUCTURE-GUIDED RECOMBINATION; DIRECT ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; THERMOPHILUM DSM 6725; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; CELLULOSE HYDROLYSIS; MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I AB Consolidated bioprocessing, or CBP, the conversion of lignocellulose into desired products in one step without added enzymes, has been a subject of increased research effort in recent years. In this review, the economic motivation for CBP is addressed, advances and remaining obstacles for CBP organism development are reviewed, and we comment briefly on fundamental aspects. For CBP organism development beginning with microbes that have native ability to utilize insoluble components of cellulosic biomass, key recent advances include the development of genetic systems for several cellulolytic bacteria, engineering a thermophilic bacterium to produce ethanol at commercially attractive yields and titers, and engineering a cellulolytic microbe to produce butanol. For CBP organism development, beginning with microbes that do not have this ability and thus requiring heterologous expression of a saccharolytic enzyme system, high-yield conversion of model cellulosic substrates and heterologous expression of CBH1 and CBH2 in yeast at levels believed to be sufficient for an industrial process have recently been demonstrated. For both strategies, increased emphasis on realizing high performance under industrial conditions is needed. Continued exploration of the underlying fundamentals of microbial cellulose utilization is likely to be useful in order to guide the choice and development of CBP systems. C1 [Olson, Daniel G.; Lynd, Lee R.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [McBride, John E.; Shaw, A. Joe; Lynd, Lee R.] Mascoma Corp, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Lynd, Lee R.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Olson, Daniel G.; Lynd, Lee R.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Lynd, LR (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Lee.R.Lynd@Dartmouth.EDU RI Lynd, Lee/N-1260-2013; Olson, Daniel/F-2058-2011 OI Lynd, Lee/0000-0002-5642-668X; Olson, Daniel/0000-0001-5393-6302 FU United States Department of Energy BioEnergy Science Center; Mascoma Corporation; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy BioEnergy Science Center and the Mascoma Corporation. The BioEnergy Science Center is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. NR 79 TC 180 Z9 188 U1 12 U2 138 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 396 EP 405 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.11.026 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100014 PM 22176748 ER PT J AU Yilmaz, S Singh, AK AF Yilmaz, Suzan Singh, Anup K. TI Single cell genome sequencing SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID MULTIPLE DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION; PHI-29 DNA-POLYMERASE; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BACTERIAL-CELLS; ORGANISMS; MICROBIOLOGY; TECHNOLOGIES; PROTISTS; REVEALS; CLONING AB Whole genome amplification and next-generation sequencing of single cells have become a powerful approach for studying uncultivated microorganisms that represent 90-99% of all environmental microbes. Single cell sequencing enables not only the identification of microbes but also linking of functions to species, a feat not achievable by metagenomic techniques. Moreover, it allows the analysis of low abundance species that may be missed in community-based analyses. It has also proved very useful in complementing metagenomics in the assembly and binning of single genomes. With the advent of drastically cheaper and higher throughput sequencing technologies, it is expected that single cell sequencing will become a standard tool in studying the genome and transcriptome of microbial communities. C1 [Yilmaz, Suzan; Singh, Anup K.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Bioengn & Biotechnol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Bioengn & Biotechnol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM aksingh@sandia.gov FU NIDCR [R01 DE020891]; NIGMS; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Financial support for preparation and some of the work included was provided by the grants: R01 DE020891, funded by the NIDCR; P50GM085273 (the New Mexico Spatiotemporal Modeling Center) funded by the NIGMS; and ENIGMA, a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Scientific Focus Area Program supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Sandia is a multi program laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 46 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 70 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 437 EP 443 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.11.018 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100020 PM 22154471 ER PT J AU Chakraborty, R Wu, CH Hazen, TC AF Chakraborty, Romy Wu, Cindy H. Hazen, Terry C. TI Systems biology approach to bioremediation SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; NATURAL ATTENUATION; CONTAMINATED SOIL; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; DEGRADING BACTERIA; CLONE LIBRARY; URANIUM; GROUNDWATER AB Bioremediation has historically been approached as a 'black box' in terms of our fundamental understanding. Thus it succeeds and fails, seldom without a complete understanding of why. Systems biology is an integrated research approach to study complex biological systems, by investigating interactions and networks at the molecular, cellular, community, and ecosystem level. The knowledge of these interactions within individual components is fundamental to understanding the dynamics of the ecosystem under investigation. Understanding and modeling functional microbial community structure and stress responses in environments at all levels have tremendous implications for our fundamental understanding of hydrobiogeochemical processes and the potential for making bioremediation breakthroughs and illuminating the 'black box'. C1 [Chakraborty, Romy; Wu, Cindy H.; Hazen, Terry C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Hazen, TC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tchazen@utk.edu RI Chakraborty, Romy/D-9230-2015; Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012 OI Chakraborty, Romy/0000-0001-9326-554X; Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993 NR 66 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 63 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 483 EP 490 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.20.12.01.015 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100026 PM 22342400 ER PT J AU Lamendella, R VerBerkmoes, N Jansson, JK AF Lamendella, Regina VerBerkmoes, Nathan Jansson, Janet K. TI 'Omics' of the mammalian gut - new insights into function SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; FECAL MICROBIOTA; METAGENOMICS; METABOLISM; PROFILES; OBESITY; TWINS; DIET; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION AB To understand the role of gut microbes in host health, it is imperative to probe their genetic potential, expression, and ecological status. The current high-throughput sequencing revolution, in addition to advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics, have recently enabled deep access to these complex environments, and are revealing important insights into the roles of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota in host physiology and health. This review discusses examples of how the integration of cutting-edge 'meta-omics' technologies are providing new knowledge about the relationships between host health status in mammals and the microbes inhabiting the GI tract. In addition, we address some promises that these techniques hold for future therapeutic and diagnostic applications. C1 [Lamendella, Regina; Jansson, Janet K.] Lawrence Berkley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 92597 USA. [VerBerkmoes, Nathan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Jansson, Janet K.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Jansson, Janet K.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Jansson, Janet K.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jansson, JK (reprint author), Lawrence Berkley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 92597 USA. EM JRJansson@lbl.gov FU National Institutes of Health [UH2DK083991]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U19 AI082655]; US Department of Energy EO Lawrence Fellowship [USDOE301931] FX This study was funded partly by National Institutes of Health grants UH2DK083991 (Human Microbiome Program) and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases U19 AI082655 (Cooperative Center for Translational Research in Human Immunology and Biodefense; CCHI), and US Department of Energy EO Lawrence Fellowship to R.L. (USDOE301931). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIAID or the NIH. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 52 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 3 BP 491 EP 500 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.01.016 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 966UE UT WOS:000305862100027 PM 22626866 ER PT J AU Dey, S Maiti, AK Hegde, ML Hegde, PM Boldogh, I Sarkar, PS Abdel-Rahman, SZ Sarker, AH Hang, B Xie, JW Tomkinson, AE Zhou, MA Shen, BH Wang, GH Wu, C Yu, DK Lin, DX Cardenas, V Hazra, TK AF Dey, Sanjib Maiti, Amit K. Hegde, Muralidhar L. Hegde, Pavana M. Boldogh, Istvan Sarkar, Partha S. Abdel-Rahman, Sherif Z. Sarker, Altaf H. Hang, Bo Xie, Jingwu Tomkinson, Alan E. Zhou, Mian Shen, Binghui Wang, Guanghai Wu, Chen Yu, Dianke Lin, Dongxin Cardenas, Victor Hazra, Tapas K. TI Increased risk of lung cancer associated with a functionally impaired polymorphic variant of the human DNA glycosylase NEIL2 SO DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE BER; Lung cancer; NEIL2; SNP ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OXIDIZED BASES; TRANSCRIPTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; ENDONUCLEASE-VIII; SENSITIVE METHOD; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; DAMAGE; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Human NEIL2, one of five oxidized base-specific DNA glycosylases, is unique in preferentially repairing oxidative damage in transcribed genes. Here we show that depletion of NEIL2 causes a 6-7-fold increase in spontaneous mutation frequency in the HPRT gene of the V79 Chinese hamster lung cell line. This prompted us to screen for NEIL2 variants in lung cancer patients' genomic DNA. We identified several polymorphic variants, among which R103Q and R257L were frequently observed in lung cancer patients. We then characterized these variants biochemically, and observed a modest decrease in DNA glycosylase activity relative to the wild type (WT) only with the R257L mutant protein. However, in reconstituted repair assays containing WT NEIL2 or its R257L and R103Q variants together with other DNA base excision repair (BER) proteins (PNKP, Pol beta, Lig III alpha and XRCC1) or using NEIL2-FLAG immunocomplexes, an similar to 5-fold decrease in repair was observed with the R257L variant compared to WT or R103Q NEIL2, apparently due to the R257L mutant's lower affinity for other repair proteins, particularly Pol beta. Notably, increased endogenous DNA damage was observed in NEIL2 variant (R257L)-expressing cells relative to WT cells. Taken together, our results suggest that the decreased DNA repair capacity of the R257L variant can induce mutations that lead to lung cancer development. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hazra, Tapas K.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Hegde, Muralidhar L.; Hegde, Pavana M.; Hazra, Tapas K.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Boldogh, Istvan] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Sarkar, Partha S.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Neurol & Neurosci & Cell Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Abdel-Rahman, Sherif Z.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Sarker, Altaf H.; Hang, Bo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xie, Jingwu] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Pediat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Tomkinson, Alan E.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Canc, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Tomkinson, Alan E.] Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Zhou, Mian; Shen, Binghui] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Canc Biol, Duarte, CA USA. [Wang, Guanghai; Wu, Chen; Yu, Dianke; Lin, Dongxin] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Canc, State Key Lab Mol Oncol, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. RP Hazra, TK (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Internal Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 6-136 Med Res Bldg, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM tkhazra@utmb.edu OI Dixit, Pavana/0000-0003-0811-3942; Hegde, Muralidhar/0000-0001-7333-8123 FU USPHS [CA102271, ES017353, CA81063, ES 012512, CA92584, CA94160, R21CA143583] FX This research was supported by USPHS grants CA102271 and ES017353 (TKH), and CA81063 (Sankar Mitra), and ES 012512 and CA92584 (AET), CA94160 (JX) and R21CA143583 (BS). We acknowledge the generous help of Drs. Chandrasekha Yallampalli for allowing us to use Fluorescent Microscope and Michael Weinfeld for giving us PNKP Ab. We thank Dr. David Konkel for critically editing this manuscript. NR 51 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-7864 J9 DNA REPAIR JI DNA Repair PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 BP 570 EP 578 DI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.03.005 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 964DR UT WOS:000305674400005 PM 22497777 ER PT J AU Glebov, BL Simmons-Potter, K Fox, BP Meister, DC AF Glebov, Boris L. Simmons-Potter, Kelly Fox, Brian P. Meister, Dorothy C. TI Improved Hardness of Single-Crystal Nd3+:YAG to Ionizing Radiation via Co-Doping with Cr3+ SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Chromium neodymium YAG; gamma; neodymium YAG; photodarkening; radiation-hardened; transient radiation-induced absorption; YAG laser material ID YTTRIUM ALUMINUM GARNET; COLOR-CENTERS; YAG CRYSTALS; ND-YAG; LASER CRYSTALS; IRRADIATION; ABSORPTION; FLUORESCENCE; PERFORMANCE; SPECTRA AB The proliferation of optical elements in systems that are subject to harsh ionizing radiation environments prompts the need for commercially available radiation-hard materials, such as laser materials. In the present study, changes in the material optical absorption are compared for a suite of single-crystal YAG, Nd3+ : YAG, and Cr3+, Nd3+ : YAG laser materials in response to high-dose-rate gamma radiation events. It is found that the addition of Cr3+ yields radiation hardened material. C1 [Glebov, Boris L.; Simmons-Potter, Kelly; Fox, Brian P.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Meister, Dorothy C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Glebov, BL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM bpf@email.arizona.edu FU University of Arizona; State of Arizona TRIF; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported in part by the University of Arizona and the State of Arizona TRIF funds and in part by Sandia National Laboratories, under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.; This work was jointly supported by the University of Arizona, State of Arizona TRIF Optics Initiative funding and by Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 59 IS 3 BP 612 EP 618 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2190746 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 962VS UT WOS:000305576100005 ER PT J AU Rafiei, R Boardman, D Sarbutt, A Prokopovich, DA Kim, K Reinhard, MI Bolotnikov, AE James, RB AF Rafiei, R. Boardman, D. Sarbutt, A. Prokopovich, D. A. Kim, K. Reinhard, M. I. Bolotnikov, A. E. James, R. B. TI Investigation of the Charge Collection Efficiency of CdMnTe Radiation Detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alpha particle spectroscopy; CdMnTe; charge collection efficiency; CMT; crystal growth; detector fabrication; IBIC; mobility-lifetime; semiconductor radiation detector; Te inclusions ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; GAMMA-RAY DETECTORS; X-RAY; CDZNTE; CDTE; CRYSTALS; GROWTH; RESISTIVITY; CD1-XMNXTE AB This paper presents the growth, fabrication and characterization of indium-doped cadmium manganese telluride (CdMnTe) crystals grown by the vertical Bridgman technique. The 10 x 10 x 1.9 mm(3) samples have been fabricated, and the charge collection properties of the CdMnTe detectors have been measured. Alpha-particle spectroscopy measurements have yielded an average charge collection efficiency approaching 100%. Ion beam induced charge (IBIC) measurements have been performed by raster scanning focused 5.5 MeV He-4 beams onto the detectors. Spatially resolved charge collection efficiency maps have been produced for a range of detector bias voltages. Inhomogeneities in the charge transport of the CdMnTe crystals have been associated with chains of Te inclusions within the detector bulk, and the reduction in charge collection efficiency in their locality has been quantified. It has been shown that the role of Te inclusions in degrading charge collection is reduced with increasing values of bias voltage. IBIC measurements for a range of low biases have highlighted the evolution of the charge collection uniformity across the detectors. C1 [Rafiei, R.; Boardman, D.; Sarbutt, A.; Prokopovich, D. A.; Reinhard, M. I.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia. [Kim, K.; Bolotnikov, A. E.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rafiei, R (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia. EM ramin.rafiei@ansto.gov.au FU Cooperative Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging Development FX This work was supported in part by the Cooperative Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging Development. This work was performed in part at the ACT node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility. A company established under the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy to provide nano and microfabrication facilities for Australia's researchers. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 59 IS 3 BP 634 EP 641 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2190941 PN 2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 962VS UT WOS:000305576100008 ER PT J AU Anton, SR Erturk, A Inman, DJ AF Anton, Steven R. Erturk, Alper Inman, Daniel J. TI Bending Strength of Piezoelectric Ceramics and Single Crystals for Multifunctional Load-Bearing Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID PZT; DEFORMATION; ACTUATORS; COMPOSITE; BEHAVIOR AB The topic of multifunctional material systems using active or smart materials has recently gained attention in the research community. Multifunctional piezoelectric systems present the ability to combine multiple functions into a single active piezoelectric element, namely, combining sensing, actuation, or energy conversion ability with load-bearing capacity. Quantification of the bending strength of various piezoelectric materials is, therefore, critical in the development of load-bearing piezoelectric systems. Three-point bend tests are carried out on a variety of piezoelectric ceramics including soft monolithic piezoceramics (PZT-5A and PZT-5H), hard monolithic ceramics (PZT-4 and PZT-8), single-crystal piezoelectrics (PMN-PT and PMN-PZT), and commercially packaged composite devices (which contain active PZT-5A layers). A common 3-point bend test procedure is used throughout the experimental tests. The bending strengths of these materials are found using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory to be 44.9 MPa for PMN-PZT, 60.6 MPa for PMN-PT, 114.8 MPa for PZT-5H, 123.2 MPa for PZT-4, 127.5 MPa for PZT-8, 140.4 MPa for PZT-5A, and 186.6 MPa for the commercial composite. The high strength of the commercial configuration is a result of the composite structure that allows for shear stresses on the surfaces of the piezoelectric layers, whereas the low strength of the single-crystal materials is due to their unique crystal structure, which allows for rapid propagation of cracks initiating at flaw sites. The experimental bending strength results reported, which are linear estimates without nonlinear ferroelastic considerations, are intended for use in the design of multifunctional piezoelectric systems in which the active device is subjected to bending loads. C1 [Anton, Steven R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Erturk, Alper] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Inman, Daniel J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Anton, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sranton@lanl.gov RI Erturk, Alper/B-6365-2009 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI [F9550-06-1-0326] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI under Grant No. F9550-06-1-0326 "Energy Harvesting and Storage Systems for Future Air Force Vehicles," monitored by Dr. B. L. Lee. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 33 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JUN PY 2012 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1085 EP 1092 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2012.2299 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 965ID UT WOS:000305760000002 PM 22711404 ER PT J AU Ally, MR Munk, JD Baxter, V Gehl, AC AF Ally, Moonis R. Munk, Jeffrey D. Baxter, Van D. Gehl, Anthony C. TI Exergy analysis and operational efficiency of a horizontal ground-source heat pump system operated in low-energy test house under simulated occupancy conditions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION-REVUE INTERNATIONALE DU FROID LA English DT Article DE Exergy analysis; Energy analysis; Heat pump; Thermodynamics; R410A; Renewable energy; Ground source ID EXCHANGERS AB This paper presents data, analyses, measures of performance, and conclusions for a ground-source heat pump (GSHP) providing space conditioning to a 345 m(2) house whose envelope is made of structural insulated panels. The entire house thermal load with R-SI-3.7 (R-US-21) walls, triple-pane windows (U-factor of 1.64 W m(-2) K (0.29 Btu h(-1) ft(-2) degrees F-1)) and solar heat gain coefficient of 0.25, a roof assembly with overall thermal resistance of about R-SI-8.8 (R-US-50), and low leakage rates of 0.74 ACH at 50 Pa, was satisfied with a 2.16 ton (7.56 kW) GSHP unit. Coefficient of performance is calculated on the basis of the total power input (including duct, ground loop, and control power losses). Exergy analysis provides a true measure of how closely actual performance approaches the ideal, and it unequivocally identifies, better than energy analysis does, the sources and causes of lost work - the root cause of system inefficiencies and wasted energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ally, Moonis R.; Munk, Jeffrey D.; Baxter, Van D.; Gehl, Anthony C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ally, MR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 3147,MS 6070, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM allymr@ornl.gov FU UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy; Tennessee Valley Authority FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.; The authors are grateful to Dr. Bo Shen, Dr. Brian Fricke, and Dr. Som Shrestha, Edward Vineyard, and Robert DeVault, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, for reviewing this paper and providing comments to improve its quality. The authors also thank the U.S Department of Energy and the Tennessee Valley Authority for supporting this work. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7007 J9 INT J REFRIG JI Int. J. Refrig.-Rev. Int. Froid PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1092 EP 1103 DI 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.01.013 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 963WI UT WOS:000305655300035 ER PT J AU Krenkova, J Foret, F Svec, F AF Krenkova, Jana Foret, Frantisek Svec, Frantisek TI Less common applications of monoliths: V. Monolithic scaffolds modified with nanostructures for chromatographic separations and tissue engineering SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Monolith; Nanoparticles; Separation ID TUBULAR CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; POROUS POLYMER MONOLITHS; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; TIME-OF-FLIGHT; DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; CAPPED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ENVIRONMENTAL WATER SAMPLES AB Scaffolds modified with nanostructures are recently finding use in a broad range of applications spanning from chromatographic separations to tissue engineering. This continuation of the review series on design and applications of monolithic materials covers some of the less common monoliths including use of nanostructures in preparation, modifications, and applications. C1 [Krenkova, Jana] ASCR, Inst Analyt Chem, Vvi, Brno 60200, Czech Republic. [Svec, Frantisek] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Krenkova, J (reprint author), ASCR, Inst Analyt Chem, Vvi, Brno 60200, Czech Republic. EM krenkova@iach.cz; fsvec@lbl.gov RI Foret, Frantisek/D-9495-2012 FU SoMoPro programme; European Community within the Seventh Framework Programme [229603]; South Moravian Region; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [P301/11/2055, P206/12/G014]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; [AV0Z40310501] FX The Project is funded from the SoMoPro programme. Research leading to these results has received a financial contribution from the European Community within the Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement No. 229603. The research is also cofinanced by the South Moravian Region. Financial support from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (P301/11/2055 and P206/12/G014) and the institutional research plan (AV0Z40310501) is also acknowledged. F. S. was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 209 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 70 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9306 EI 1615-9314 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 10-11 BP 1266 EP 1283 DI 10.1002/jssc.201100956 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 964KS UT WOS:000305694100008 PM 22733507 ER PT J AU Lee, T Baskes, MI Lawson, AC Chen, SP Valone, SM AF Lee, Tongsik Baskes, Michael I. Lawson, A. C. Chen, Shao Ping Valone, Steven M. TI Atomistic Modeling of the Negative Thermal Expansion in delta-Plutonium Based on the Two-State Description SO MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE plutonium; negative thermal expansion; Invar; Weiss model; modified embedded atom method; Monte Carlo method ID EMBEDDED-ATOM POTENTIALS; PHASE-STABILITY; GA ALLOYS; INVAR; PU; IRON; SIMULATIONS; TRANSITION; ELECTRONS; VALENCE AB The delta phase of plutonium with the fcc structure exhibits an unusual negative thermal expansion (NTE) over its narrow temperature range of stability, 593-736 K. An accurate description of the anomalous high-temperature volume effect of plutonium goes beyond the current capability of electronic-structure calculations. We propose an atomistic scheme to model the thermodynamic properties of delta-Pu based on the two-state model of Weiss for the Invar alloys, inspired by the simple free-energy analysis previously conducted by Lawson et al. The two-state mechanism is incorporated into the atomistic description of a many-body interacting system. Two modified embedded atom method potentials are employed to represent the binding energies of two competing electronic states in delta-Pu. We demonstrate how the NTE takes place in delta-Pu by means of Monte Carlo simulations implemented with the two-state mechanism. C1 [Lee, Tongsik; Baskes, Michael I.; Lawson, A. C.; Chen, Shao Ping; Valone, Steven M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Baskes, Michael I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Jacobs Sch Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tongsik_lee@lanl.gov; baskes@lanl.gov; aclawson@cybermesa.com; sc@lanl.gov; smv@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, by the Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX T. L. is grateful to Graeme Ackland, Alfredo Caro, Jim Doll, Olle Eriksson, Jim Gubernatis, Keonwook Kang, and Toshio Yokoyama for stimulating discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, by the Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 33 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1944 J9 MATERIALS JI Materials PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1040 EP 1054 DI 10.3390/ma5061040 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 965XD UT WOS:000305800000003 ER PT J AU Gaillard, MK AF Gaillard, Mary K. TI BRST invariant PV regularization of SUSY Yang-Mills and SUGRA SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Supersymmetry; supergravity; Pauli-Villars regulation; anomalies; quantum field theory ID PAULI-VILLARS REGULARIZATION; SOFT SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; DEPENDENT GAUGE COUPLINGS; HIGGS-KIBBLE MODEL; ONE-LOOP; FIELD-THEORIES; CHIRAL MATTER; STRING THEORY; D-TERMS; SUPERGRAVITY AB Pauli-Villars regularization of Yang Mills theories and of supergravity theories is outlined, with an emphasis on BRST invariance. Applications to phenomenology and the anomaly structure of supergravity are discussed. C1 [Gaillard, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gaillard, Mary K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gaillard, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mkgaillard@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Division of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0457315] FX This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Division of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, in part by the National Science Foundation under grant PHY-0457315. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 6 SI SI BP 875 EP 890 DI 10.1007/s12043-012-0314-5 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 964TQ UT WOS:000305720000005 ER PT J AU Manes, J Stora, R Zumino, B AF Manes, Juan Stora, Raymond Zumino, Bruno TI Algebraic study of chiral anomalies SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Chiral anomalies; gauge theories; bundles; connections; quantum field theory ID GRAVITATIONAL ANOMALIES; WARD IDENTITIES; DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY; HIGHER DIMENSIONS; GAUGE; COHOMOLOGY; CONSTRUCTION; LAGRANGIANS AB The algebraic structure of chiral anomalies is made globally valid on non-trivial bundles by the introduction of a fixed background connection. Some of the techniques used in the study of the anomaly are improved or generalized, including a systematic way of generating towers of 'descent equations'. C1 [Manes, Juan; Zumino, Bruno] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stora, Raymond] LAPP, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Zumino, Bruno] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zumino, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bzumino@lbl.gov FU Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Division of High Energy Physics of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; National Science Foundation [PHY81-18547] FX This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Division of High Energy Physics of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC03-76SF00098 and in part by the National Science Foundation under research grant PHY81-18547. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 6 SI SI BP 907 EP 925 DI 10.1007/s12043-012-0316-3 PG 19 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 964TQ UT WOS:000305720000008 ER PT J AU Yuan, J Wei, BY Lipton, MS Gao, HC AF Yuan, Jie Wei, Buyun Lipton, Mary S. Gao, Haichun TI Impact of ArcA loss in Shewanella oneidensis revealed by comparative proteomics under aerobic and anaerobic conditions SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Aerobic and anaerobic; ArcA; Microbiology; Peptide utilization; Shewanella oneidensis ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; HYPOTHETICAL PROTEINS; STRAIN MR-1; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; RESPIRATION; REDUCTION; SEQUENCE; SYSTEMS AB Shewanella inhabit a wide variety of niches in nature and can utilize a broad spectrum of electron acceptors under anaerobic conditions. How they modulate their gene expression to adapt is poorly understood. ArcA, homologue of a global regulator controlling hundreds of genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic respiration in E. coli, was shown to be important in aerobiosis/anaerobiosis of S. oneidensis as well. Loss of ArcA, in addition to altering transcription of many genes, resulted in impaired growth under aerobic condition, which was not observed in E. coli. To further characterize the impact of ArcA loss on gene expression on the level of proteome under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) based proteomic approach was employed. Results show that ArcA loss led to globally altered gene expression, generally consistent with that observed with transcripts. Comparison of transcriptomic and proteomic data permitted identification of 17 high-confidence ArcA targets. Moreover, our data indicate that ArcA is required for regulation of cytochrome c proteins, and the menaquinone level may play a role in regulating ArcA as in E. coli. Proteomic data-guided growth assay revealed that the aerobic growth defect of ArcA mutant is presumably due to impaired peptide utilization. C1 [Yuan, Jie; Wei, Buyun; Gao, Haichun] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Microbiol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Jie; Wei, Buyun; Gao, Haichun] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lipton, Mary S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Lipton, Mary S.] Univ Wisconsin, US Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Gao, HC (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Inst Microbiol, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM haichung@zju.edu.cn RI Gao, Haichun/A-2160-2014 FU Major State Basic Research Development Program (973 Program) [2010CB833803]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870032]; Major Program of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang [2009C12061]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Zhejiang RD program [2009R50G2010001] FX This research was supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program (973 Program: 2010CB833803), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30870032), Major Program of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang (grant number 2009C12061), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to HG; and by Zhejiang R&D program (2009R50G2010001) to JY. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 12 BP 1957 EP 1969 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100651 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 965UQ UT WOS:000305793200008 PM 22623420 ER PT J AU Li, X Mupondwa, E Panigrahi, S Tabil, L Sokhansanj, S Stumborg, M AF Li, Xue Mupondwa, Edmund Panigrahi, Satya Tabil, Lope Sokhansanj, Shahab Stumborg, Mark TI A review of agricultural crop residue supply in Canada for cellulosic ethanol production SO RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Crop production; Straw yield; Available straw; Cellulosic bioethanol; Canada ID CORN STOVER; REMOVAL; BIOETHANOL; IMPACT AB This paper estimates the availability of agricultural crop residue feedstocks in Canada for cellulosic ethanol production. Canada's major field crops generate 100.6 million dry mega grams (Mg) of crops per year while non-forage crops produce 67 million dry Mg, leaving abundant agricultural residues for use as second generation feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production. This study used crop production and livestock data from Statistics Canada for a 10-year period (2001-2010), as well as tillage data from Statistics Canada census years 2001 and 2006, to estimate crop residue availability by province and soil zone. Total residue yield from crops is calculated by incorporating straw to grain ratios. Total agricultural residues available for ethanol production are computed by deducting soil conservation and livestock uses. An average of 48 million dry Mg of agricultural residues is available per year, with a minimum of 24.5 million dry Mg in drought year 2002. This implies an average yearly potential ethanol production of 13 billion litres from crop residues over the 2001-2010 period, with a minimum of 6.6 billion litres in 2002. Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Quebec have enough agricultural residue supply to set up ethanol plants using agricultural crop residues as primary lignocellulosic feedstocks. There is great variability in agricultural residue production between the provinces and by soil zone. Understanding variability in feedstock supply is important for the economics and operational planning of a cellulosic ethanol biorefinery. Factors such as residue yield per hectare and soil zone will influence cellulosic ethanol plant establishment in order to exploit the abundance of lignocellulosic biomass for an ethanol plant. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Xue; Mupondwa, Edmund] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Bioprod & Bioproc, Natl Sci Program, Saskatoon Res Ctr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada. [Panigrahi, Satya; Tabil, Lope] Univ Saskatchewan, Fac Engn, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Stumborg, Mark] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Bioprod & Bioproc, Semiarid Prairie Agr Res Ctr, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada. RP Mupondwa, E (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Bioprod & Bioproc, Natl Sci Program, Saskatoon Res Ctr, 107 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada. EM xue.li@usask.ca; edmund.mupondwa@agr.gc.ca; sap382@mail.usask.ca; lope.tabil@usask.ca; shahabs@interchange.ubc.ca; mark.stumborg@agr.gc.ca FU Canadian Cellulosic Biofuels Network under the Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program (ABIP) of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada FX The authors would like to thank the Canadian Cellulosic Biofuels Network under the Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program (ABIP) of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada for its financial support. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-0321 J9 RENEW SUST ENERG REV JI Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP 2954 EP 2965 DI 10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.013 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 959YN UT WOS:000305354200051 ER PT J AU Defne, Z Haas, KA Fritz, HM Jiang, LD French, SP Shi, X Smith, BT Neary, VS Stewart, KM AF Defne, Zafer Haas, Kevin A. Fritz, Hermann M. Jiang, Lide French, Steven P. Shi, Xuan Smith, Brennan T. Neary, Vincent S. Stewart, Kevin M. TI National geodatabase of tidal stream power resource in USA SO RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Tidal energy; Tidal currents; Resource mapping; Numerical modeling; GIS ID GEORGIA AB A geodatabase of tidal constituents is developed to present the regional assessment of tidal stream power resource in the USA. Tidal currents are numerically modeled with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and calibrated with the available measurements of tidal current speeds and water level surfaces. The performance of the numerical model in predicting the tidal currents and water levels is assessed by an independent validation. The geodatabase is published on a public domain via a spatial database engine with interactive tools to select, query and download the data. Regions with the maximum average kinetic power density exceeding 500 W/m(2) (corresponding to a current speed of 1 m/s), total surface area larger than 0.5 km(2) and depth greater than 5 m are defined as hotspots and documented. The regional assessment indicates that the state of Alaska (AK) has the largest number of locations with considerably high kinetic power density, followed by, Maine (ME), Washington (WA), Oregon (OR), California (CA), New Hampshire (NH), Massachusetts (MA), New York (NY), New Jersey (NJ), North and South Carolina (NC, SC), Georgia (GA). and Florida (FL). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Defne, Zafer; Haas, Kevin A.; Fritz, Hermann M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Savannah, GA 31407 USA. [Jiang, Lide] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. [French, Steven P.; Shi, Xuan] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Smith, Brennan T.; Neary, Vincent S.; Stewart, Kevin M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Defne, Z (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, 210 Technol Circle, Savannah, GA 31407 USA. EM zafer.defne@gatech.edu; khaas@gatech.edu; fritz@gatech.edu; lide.jiang@noaa.gov; steve.french@coa.gatech.edu; xuan.shi@coa.gatech.edu; smithbt@ornl.gov; nearyvs@ornl.gov; stewartkm@ornl.gov RI Jiang, Lide/G-2041-2010; Fritz, Hermann/H-5618-2013; OI Jiang, Lide/0000-0002-9883-4411; Fritz, Hermann/0000-0002-6798-5401; Defne, Zafer/0000-0003-4544-4310 FU Department of Energy, Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program [DE-FG36-08GO18174] FX This study was supported by the Department of Energy, Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program award number DE-FG36-08GO18174. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Energy. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-0321 J9 RENEW SUST ENERG REV JI Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 BP 3326 EP 3338 DI 10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.061 PG 13 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 959YN UT WOS:000305354200087 ER PT J AU Kim, J Moridis, GJ Yang, D Rutqvist, J AF Kim, J. Moridis, G. J. Yang, D. Rutqvist, J. TI Numerical Studies on Two-Way Coupled Fluid Flow and Geomechanics in Hydrate Deposits SO SPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery CY FEB 21-23, 2011 CL The Woodlands, TX SP SPE, 3M, Chevron, Shell, Saudi Aramco, PDO, Schlumberger, Total, BP, Petrobras, Univ Texas, Ctr Petr & Geosystems Engn ID BIOTS CONSOLIDATION PROBLEM; FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; SEQUENTIAL-METHODS; GAS-PRODUCTION; STABILITY; RESERVOIR; CONVERGENCE; FORMULATION; SIMULATION; ACCURACY AB Coupled flow and geomechanics play an important role in the analysis of gas-hydrate reservoirs under production. The stiffness of the rock skeleton and the deformation of the reservoir, as well as porosity and permeability, are directly influenced by (and interrelated with) changes in pressure and temperature and in fluid(water and gas) and solid- (hydrate and ice) phase saturations. Fluid and solid phases may coexist, which, coupled with steep temperature and pressure gradients, result in strong nonlinearities in the coupled flow and mechanics processes, making the description of system behavior in dissociating hydrate deposits exceptionally complicated. In previous studies, the geological stability of hydrate-bearing sediments was investigated using one-way coupled analysis, in which the changes in fluid properties affect mechanics within the gas-hydrate reservoirs, but with no feedback from geomechanics to fluid flow. In this paper, we develop and test a rigorous two-way coupling between fluid flow and geomechanics, in which the solutions from mechanics are reflected in the solution of the flow problem through the adjustment of affected hydraulic properties. We employ the fixed-stress split method, which results in a convergent sequential implicit scheme. In this study of several hydrate-reservoir cases, we find noticeable differences between the results from one- and two-way couplings. The nature of the elliptic boundary value problem of quasistatic mechanics results in instantaneous compaction or dilation over the domain through loading from reservoir-fluid production. This induces a pressure rise or drop at early times (low-pressure diffusion), and consequently changes the effective stress instantaneously, possibly causing geological instability. Additionally, the pressure and temperature regime affects the various phase saturations, the rock stiffness, porosity, and permeability, thus affecting the fluid-flow regime. These changes are not captured accurately by the simpler one-way coupling. The tightly coupled sequential approach we propose provides a rigorous, two-way coupling model that captures the interrelationship between geomechanical and flow properties and processes, accurately describes the system behavior, and can be readily applied to large-scale problems of hydrate behavior in geologic media. C1 [Kim, J.; Moridis, G. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Petr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JRutqvist@lbl.gov RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 33 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1086-055X EI 1930-0220 J9 SPE J JI SPE J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 17 IS 2 BP 485 EP 501 PG 17 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 962LP UT WOS:000305546900013 ER PT J AU Dewalque, J Cloots, R Dubreuil, O Krins, N Vertruyen, B Henrist, C AF Dewalque, Jennifer Cloots, Rudi Dubreuil, Olivier Krins, Natacha Vertruyen, Benedicte Henrist, Catherine TI Microstructural evolution of a TiO2 mesoporous single layer film under calcination: Effect of stabilization and repeated thermal treatments on the film crystallization and surface area SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE Titania, thin films; Templating; Mesoporous films; Thermal treatment ID TITANIA THIN-FILMS; PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES; POROUS TIO2; CRYSTALLINITY; SIZE AB This study quantifies the highest perturbation encountered by the first layer of a TiO2 12 layers-mesoporous coating, which is submitted to a multistep calcination process. Besides, we propose an alternative thermal treatment in order to limit the degradation induced by repeated calcinations. This paper reports and compares the modifications in film thickness, surface area, anatase crystallite size and global crystallinity of films obtained from different thermal treatments. It defines the maximum crystal size compatible with the preservation of the mesoarchitecture initially induced by templating. Differences in microporosity and rate of crystallization are also discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dewalque, Jennifer; Cloots, Rudi; Dubreuil, Olivier; Krins, Natacha; Vertruyen, Benedicte; Henrist, Catherine] Univ Liege, Grp Res Energy & Environm Mat, Lab Inorgan Struct Chem GREENMAT LCIS, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Cloots, Rudi; Henrist, Catherine] Univ Liege, Ctr Appl Technol Microscopy CAT, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Krins, Natacha] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Dewalque, J (reprint author), Univ Liege, Grp Res Energy & Environm Mat, Lab Inorgan Struct Chem GREENMAT LCIS, B6 Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. EM Jennifer.Dewalque@ulg.ac.be FU Walloon Region under the MINERGIBAT [PHOTOCEL - 0616464/0616465]; Belgian Science Policy (Belgian State) under the Interuniversity Attraction Poles program [INANOMAT - P6/17] FX Part of this work was supported by the Walloon Region under the MINERGIBAT program (PHOTOCEL - 0616464/0616465) and by the Belgian Science Policy (Belgian State) under the Interuniversity Attraction Poles program (INANOMAT - P6/17). NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 520 IS 16 BP 5272 EP 5276 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.03.044 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 964TG UT WOS:000305719000030 ER PT J AU Colby, DA Tsai, AS Bergman, RG Ellman, JA AF Colby, Denise A. Tsai, Andy S. Bergman, Robert G. Ellman, Jonathan A. TI Rhodium Catalyzed Chelation-Assisted C-H Bond Functionalization Reactions SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID (+)-LITHOSPERMIC ACID; AROMATIC IMINES; ALPHA,BETA-UNSATURATED IMINES; INTRAMOLECULAR ALKYLATION; PYRIDINE-DERIVATIVES; ACTIVATION; ALKENES; OLEFINS; RH; ALKYNES AB Over the last several decades, researchers have achieved remarkable progress in the field of organometallic chemistry. The development of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions represents a paradigm shift in chemical synthesis, and today synthetic chemists can readily access carbon carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds from a vast array of starting compounds. Although we cannot understate the importance of these methods, the required prefunctionalization to carry out these reactions adds cost and reduces the availability of the starting reagents. The use of C-H bond activation in lieu of prefunctionalization has presented a tantalizing alternative to classical cross-coupling reactions. Researchers have met the challenges of selectivity and reactivity associated with the development of C-H bond functionalization reactions with an explosion of creative advances in substrate and catalyst design. Literature reports on selectivity based on steric effects, acidity, and electronic and directing group effects are now numerous. Our group has developed an array of C-H bond functionalization reactions that take advantage of a chelating directing group, and this Account surveys our progress in this area. The use of chelation control in C-H bond functionalization offers several advantages with respect to substrate scope and application to total synthesis. The predictability and decreased dependence on the inherent stereoelectronics of the substrate generally result in selective and high yielding transformations with broad applicability. The nature of the chelating moiety can be chosen to serve as a functional handle in subsequent elaborations. Our work began with the use of Rh(I) catalysts in intramolecular aromatic C-H annulations, which we further developed to include enantioselective transformations. The application of this chemistry to the simple olefinic C-H bonds found in alpha, beta-unsaturated imines allowed access to highly substituted olefins, pyridines, and piperidines. We observed complementary reactivity with Rh(III) catalysts and developed an oxidative coupling with unactivated alkenes. Further studies on the Rh(III) catalysts led us to develop methods for the coupling of C-H bonds to polarized pi bonds such as those in imines and isocyanates. In several cases the methods that we have developed for chelation-controlled C-H bond functionalization have been applied to the total synthesis of complex molecules such as natural products, highlighting the utility of these methods in organic synthesis. C1 [Bergman, Robert G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bergman, Robert G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ellman, Jonathan A.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rbergman@berkeley.edu; jonathan.ellman@yale.edu RI Ellman, Jonathan/C-7732-2013 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM069559]; Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We gratefully acknowledge the following agencies for funding: National Institutes of Health (R01 GM069559 to J.A.E.) and the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231 to R.G.B.). NR 55 TC 618 Z9 618 U1 27 U2 333 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0001-4842 J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES JI Accounts Chem. Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 IS 6 BP 814 EP 825 DI 10.1021/ar200190g PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 959OB UT WOS:000305321100005 PM 22148885 ER PT J AU Provis, JL Myers, RJ White, CE Rose, V van Deventer, JSJ AF Provis, John L. Myers, Rupert J. White, Claire E. Rose, Volker van Deventer, Jannie S. J. TI X-ray microtomography shows pore structure and tortuosity in alkali-activated binders SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Alkali activated cement; Microstructure; X-ray microtomography; Transport properties ID FLY-ASH; SYNCHROTRON MICROTOMOGRAPHY; SLAG CONCRETE; CEMENT PASTES; HYDRATION; PERCOLATION; GEOPOLYMER; STRENGTH; MICROSTRUCTURE; NANOTOMOGRAPHY AB Durability of alkali-activated binders is of vital importance in their commercial application, and depends strongly on microstructure and pore network characteristics. X-ray microtomography (mu CT) offers, for the first time, direct insight into microstructural and pore structure characteristics in three dimensions. Here, mu CT is performed on a set of sodium metasilicate-activated fly ash/slag blends, using a synchrotron beamline instrument. Segmentation of the samples into pore and solid regions is then conducted, and pore tortuosity is calculated by a random walker method. Segmented porosity and diffusion tortuosity are correlated, and vary as a function of slag content (slag addition reduces porosity and increases tortuosity), and sample age (extended curing gives lower porosity and higher tortuosity). This is particularly notable for samples with >= 50% slag content, where a space-filling calcium (alumino)silicate hydrate gel provides porosity reductions which are not observed for the sodium aluminosilicate ('geopolymer') gels which do not chemically bind water of hydration. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Provis, John L.; Myers, Rupert J.; White, Claire E.; van Deventer, Jannie S. J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Rose, Volker] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [van Deventer, Jannie S. J.] Zeobond Pty Ltd, Somerton, Vic 3062, Australia. RP Provis, JL (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. EM jprovis@unimelb.edu.au RI White, Claire/A-1722-2011; Provis, John/A-7631-2008; Rose, Volker/B-1103-2008; OI White, Claire/0000-0002-4800-7960; Provis, John/0000-0003-3372-8922; Rose, Volker/0000-0002-9027-1052; Myers, Rupert/0000-0001-6097-2088 FU Australian Research Council (ARC); Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, a Special Research Centre of the ARC; Zeobond Research; Banksia Environmental Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC), including some funding through the Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, a Special Research Centre of the ARC, and also via a Linkage Project grant co-sponsored by the ARC and Zeobond Research. Travel funding for J.L. Provis to conduct experimental work at Argonne National Laboratory was provided by the Banksia Environmental Foundation through the award of the Brian Robinson Fellowship. We also thank Adam Kilcullen for his assistance in conducting the sample synthesis, and Dr Xianghui Xiao and Dr Francesco de Carlo for assistance in the data collection and processing on the 2BM instrument Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Special thanks are also due to Dr Y. Nakashima and Dr S. Kayima, the authors of reference [34], as their freely available Mathematica 5.2 scripts Clabel.nb, Pre_Rwalk_image.nb and Rwalk.nb were instrumental in enabling the tortuosity calculations presented in this study, and to an anonymous reviewer for insightful comments which have helped to improve the manuscript NR 44 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 12 U2 108 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 855 EP 864 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.03.004 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 957ZD UT WOS:000305204700012 ER PT J AU Fang, IJ Slowing, II Wu, KCW Lin, VSY Trewyn, BG AF Fang, I-Ju Slowing, Igor I. Wu, Kevin C-W Lin, Victor S-Y Trewyn, Brian G. TI Ligand Conformation Dictates Membrane and Endosomal Trafficking of Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate (RGD)-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cell recognition; endocytosis; integrin; mesoporous materials; RGD ID CELL-ADHESION MOLECULES; CANCER-CELLS; DRUG-DELIVERY; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; INTEGRIN; FUNCTIONALIZATION; METASTASIS; STABILITY; CARRIERS AB Recent breakthrough research on mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) materials has illustrated their significant potential in biological applications due to their excellent drug delivery and endocytotic behavior. We set out to determine if MSN, covalently functionalized with conformation specific bioactive molecules (either linear or cyclic RGD ligands), behave towards mammalian cells in a similar manner as the free ligands. We discovered that RGD immobilized on the MSN surface did not influence the integrity of the porous matrix and improved the endocytosis efficiency of the MSN materials. Through competition experiments with free RGD ligands, we also discovered a conformation specific receptorintegrin association. The interaction between RGD immobilized on the MSN surface and integrins plays an important role in endosome trafficking, specifically dictating the kinetics of endosomal escape. Thus, covalent functionalization of biomolecules on MSN assists in the design of a system for controlling the interface with cancer cells. C1 [Fang, I-Ju; Lin, Victor S-Y; Trewyn, Brian G.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Slowing, Igor I.; Lin, Victor S-Y] US DOE, Ames Lab, Chem & Biol Sci Div, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Trewyn, BG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM bgtrewyn@mail.iastate.edu RI Wu, Kevin C.-W. /F-8281-2012; OI Wu, Kevin C.-W./0000-0003-0590-1396; Slowing, Igor/0000-0002-9319-8639 FU US National Science Foundation [CHE-0809521]; US Department of Energy, Ames Laboratory, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX B.G.T. and I.J.F. would like to thank the US National Science Foundation (CHE-0809521) and I. I. S. would like to thank the US Department of Energy, Ames Laboratory, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contract No.: DE-AC02-07CH11358) for support to complete this project. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 52 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 25 BP 7787 EP 7792 DI 10.1002/chem.201200023 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 957TV UT WOS:000305187300019 PM 22589085 ER PT J AU Mueller, CJ Cannella, WJ Bruno, TJ Bunting, B Dettman, HD Franz, JA Huber, ML Natarajan, M Pitz, WJ Ratcliff, MA Wright, K AF Mueller, Charles J. Cannella, William J. Bruno, Thomas J. Bunting, Bruce Dettman, Heather D. Franz, James A. Huber, Marcia L. Natarajan, Mani Pitz, William J. Ratcliff, Matthew A. Wright, Ken TI Methodology for Formulating Diesel Surrogate Fuels with Accurate Compositional, Ignition-Quality, and Volatility Characteristics SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID ADVANCED DISTILLATION CURVE; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; OXYGENATE ADDITIVES; PHYSICOCHEMICAL AUTHENTICITY; MIXTURE MODEL; TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTION; KEROSENE; IMPROVEMENTS; ENTHALPY AB In this study, a novel approach was developed to formulate surrogate fuels having characteristics that are representative of diesel fuels produced from real-world refinery streams. Because diesel fuels typically consist of hundreds of compounds, it is difficult to conclusively determine the effects of fuel composition on combustion properties. Surrogate fuels, being simpler representations of these practical fuels, are of interest because they can provide a better understanding of fundamental fuel-composition and property effects on combustion and emissions-formation processes in internal-combustion engines. In addition, the application of surrogate fuels in numerical simulations with accurate vaporization, mixing, and combustion models could revolutionize future engine designs by enabling computational optimization for evolving real fuels. Dependable computational design would not only improve engine function, it would do so at significant cost savings relative to current optimization strategies that rely on physical testing of hardware prototypes. The approach in this study utilized the state-of-the-art techniques of C-13 and H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the advanced distillation curve to characterize fuel composition and volatility, respectively. The ignition quality was quantified by the derived cetane number. Two well-characterized, ultra-low-sulfur #2 diesel reference fuels produced from refinery streams were used as target fuels: a 2007 emissions certification fuel and a Coordinating Research Council (CRC) Fuels for Advanced Combustion Engines (FACE) diesel fuel. A surrogate was created for each target fuel by blending eight pure compounds. The known carbon bond types within the pure compounds, as well as models for the ignition qualities and volatilities of their mixtures, were used in a multiproperty regression algorithm to determine optimal surrogate formulations. The predicted and measured surrogate-fuel properties were quantitatively compared to the measured target-fuel properties, and good agreement was found. C1 [Mueller, Charles J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Cannella, William J.] Chevron Corp, Richmond, CA 94802 USA. [Bruno, Thomas J.; Huber, Marcia L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Bunting, Bruce] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dettman, Heather D.] Nat Resources Canada CanmetENERGY, Devon, AB T9G 1A6, Canada. [Franz, James A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Natarajan, Mani] Marathon Petr Co, Findlay, OH 45840 USA. [Pitz, William J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ratcliff, Matthew A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wright, Ken] Phillips 66 Co, Bartlesville, OK 74003 USA. RP Mueller, CJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM cjmuell@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Office of Vehicle Technologies; Coordinating Research Council (CRC); U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. DOE at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Program for Energy Research and Development; ecoEnergy Technology Initiative FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague Jim Franz. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Office of Vehicle Technologies, and by the Coordinating Research Council (CRC) and the companies that employ the CRC members. The study was conducted under the auspices of CRC. The authors thank U.S. DOE program manager Kevin Stork for supporting the participation of the U.S. national laboratories in this study. C.J.M.'s portion of the research was conducted at the Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. W.J.P.'s portion of the research was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. M.A.R.'s portion of the research was conducted at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The valuable technical assistance of NREL colleague Jon Luecke with surrogate treating, blending, and measurement of the ignition properties is gratefully acknowledged. NREL is operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. DOE under contract DE-AC36-08GO28308. Rafal Gieleciak and Darcy Hager at the Natural Resources Canada (CanmetENERGY) Laboratory in Devon, Alberta, were responsible for the gas-chromatographic analyses of the fuels, palette compounds, and palette-compound mixtures, while Sara Salmon ran the proton and carbon NMR analyses. Elemental analyses were performed by the CanmetENERGY Analytical Group. The participation of CanmetENERGY in this project was funded by Natural Resources Canada through partial funding from the Canadian Program for Energy Research and Development and from the ecoEnergy Technology Initiative. NR 88 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3284 EP 3303 DI 10.1021/ef300303e PG 20 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400020 ER PT J AU Beatty, WL Schroeder, K Beatty, CLK AF Beatty, William Lee Schroeder, Karl Beatty, Candace L. Kairies TI Mineralogical Associations of Mercury in FGD Products SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID FLUE-GAS DESULFURIZATION; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS; SPECIATION; SEDIMENTS; MOBILITY; FRACTIONATION; SORPTION; SOILS; REDISTRIBUTION AB The natural mode of retention of mercury (Hg) in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum used in wallboard manufacturing has been investigated using a series of phase-targeted reagents. The sequence of batch extractions, based on the geochemical literature, allowed for separation of particular mineral phases and subsequent testing for the appearance of Hg in the resulting extract. Results indicated that Hg was associated with two distinct phases. Most of the Hg was solubilized by the extraction targeting iron oxides and hydroxides. The reagent targeting the organic matter and sulfide minerals also typically yielded significant amounts of Hg. Analysis of the extract indicated the presence of another phase, possibly clay minerals, that may have been associated with the retained Hg in addition to, or instead of, the targeted phase. Hg was solubilized only under extremely acidic (pH < 1) and oxidizing conditions at high temperature. Virtually no Hg was found in the extracts produced by weaker reagents. C1 [Beatty, William Lee; Schroeder, Karl; Beatty, Candace L. Kairies] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Beatty, WL (reprint author), Winona State Univ, Dept Geosci, POB 5838, Winona, MN 55987 USA. EM WBeatty@winona.edu FU U.S. DOE Fossil Energy Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the NETL FX This work was supported by the U.S. DOE Fossil Energy Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the NETL administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their efforts and insightful comments. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3399 EP 3406 DI 10.1021/ef300033u PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400030 ER PT J AU Mastalerz, M Goodman, A Chirdon, D AF Mastalerz, Maria Goodman, Angela Chirdon, Danielle TI Coal Lithotypes before, during, and after Exposure to CO2: Insights from Direct Fourier Transform Infrared Investigation SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE STORAGE; ADSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SORPTION; IR; SEQUESTRATION; METHANE; SEAMS AB Vitrain, clarain, and fusain lithotypes of Pennsylvanian age high volatile bituminous coal from the Springfield Coal Member of the Petersburg Formation and the Lower Block Coal Member of the Brazil Formation from Indiana were examined using standard and in situ attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) prior, during, and after exposure to CO2 to investigate any potential physical or chemical alterations of the coal lithotypes. These lithotypes were distinct petrographically (vitrinite content ranged from 94.0 to 11.6 vol %), as well as with regard to surface area, microporosity, mesoporosity, and Langmuir parameters (volumes and pressures). Specifically, BET surface area for the Springfield Coal ranged from 6.0 m(2)/g in fusain to 10.0 m(2)/g in vitrain and for the Lower Block Coal ranged from 15.9 m(2)/g in fusain to 115.4 m(2)/g in vitrain. For the Lower Block Coal, Langmuir volumes (on an as-received basis) were 51 cm(3)/g in vitrain, 37 cm(3)/g in clarain, and 34 cm(3)/g in fusain; for the Springfield Coal, 42 cm(3)/g in vitrain, 42 cm(3)/g in clarain, and 24 cm(3)/g in fusain. During experiments performed at 17 degrees C and CO2 pressure up to 4.1 MPa (600 psig), the only observed changes in the infrared spectra were due to sorption of CO2 reflected by bands at 2333 cm(-1) (with a shoulder at 2320 cm(-1)) and at 657 cm(-1). These absorption bands increased in intensity as CO2 pressure increased, but they disappeared after desorption of CO2 in flowing nitrogen, suggesting physical sorption of a reversible nature. Absorption bands characteristic of the lithotypes did not change during or after CO2 exposure. Comparing the CO2 sorption capacity among various lithotypes suggests that vitrains adsorb the most CO2 and fusains the least. Also varying amounts of time were needed to fill the available pore space; more time was needed to saturate vitrains with CO2 than the other lithotypes, C1 [Mastalerz, Maria] Indiana Univ, Indiana Geol Survey, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Goodman, Angela] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Chirdon, Danielle] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Mastalerz, M (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Indiana Geol Survey, 611 N Walnut Grove Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM mmastale@indiana.edu NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3586 EP 3591 DI 10.1021/ef3003813 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400051 ER PT J AU Elliott, DC Oasmaa, A Preto, F Meier, D Bridgwater, AV AF Elliott, Douglas C. Oasmaa, Anja Preto, Fernando Meier, Dietrich Bridgwater, Anthony V. TI Results of the IEA Round Robin on Viscosity and Stability of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID STANDARDS; LIQUIDS; NORMS AB An international round robin study of the stability of fast pyrolysis bio-oil was undertaken. Fifteen laboratories in five different countries contributed. Two bio-oil samples were distributed to the laboratories for stability testing and further analysis. The stability test was defined in a method provided with the bio-oil samples. Viscosity measurement was a key input. The change in viscosity of a sealed sample of bio-oil held for 24 h at 80 degrees C was the defining element of stability. Subsequent analyses included ultimate analysis, density, moisture, ash, filterable solids, and TAN/pH determination, and gel permeation chromatography. The results showed that kinematic viscosity measurement was more generally conducted and more reproducibly performed versus dynamic viscosity measurement. The variation in the results of the stability test was great and a number of reasons for the variation were identified. The subsequent analyses proved to be at the level of reproducibility, as :found in earlier round robins on bio-oil analysis. Clearly, the analyses were more straightforward and reproducible with a bio-oil sample low in filterable solids (0.2%), compared to one with a higher (2%) solids loading. These results can be helpful in setting standards for use of bio-oil, which is just coming into the marketplace. C1 [Elliott, Douglas C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Oasmaa, Anja] Tech Res Ctr Finland, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland. [Preto, Fernando] CanmetENERGY, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Meier, Dietrich] VTI Inst Wood Technol & Biol, Hamburg, Germany. [Bridgwater, Anthony V.] Aston Univ, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England. RP Elliott, DC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dougc.elliott@pnnl.gov OI Bridgwater, Tony/0000-0001-7362-6205 FU IEA Bioenergy Task 34: Natural Resources Canada; U.S. Department of Energy, TEKES Finland, Fachagentur Nachwaachsende Rohstoffe e.V. Germany; Department of Energy and Climate Change, U.K. FX The authors acknowledge the tremendous effort by the participating laboratories in performing in a timely manner and submitting the results of the analyses as reported here. Also, they acknowledge the financial support from the funding agencies from each of the five countries that participate in the IEA Bioenergy Task 34: Natural Resources Canada, the U.S. Department of Energy, TEKES Finland, Fachagentur Nachwaachsende Rohstoffe e.V. Germany, and the Department of Energy and Climate Change, U.K. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3769 EP 3776 DI 10.1021/ef300384t PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400072 ER PT J AU Smith, EA Park, S Klein, AT Lee, YJ AF Smith, Erica A. Park, Soojin Klein, Adam T. Lee, Young Jin TI Bio-oil Analysis Using Negative Electrospray Ionization: Comparative Study of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometers and Phenolic versus Sugaric Components SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID FAST PYROLYSIS; LIGNIN; LEVOGLUCOSAN; PRODUCTS; BIOFUEL; ACIDS AB We have previously demonstrated that a petroleomic analysis could be performed for bio-oils and revealed the complex nature of bio-oils for the nonvolatile phenolic compounds (Smith, E.; Lee, Y. J. Energy Fuels 2010, 24, 5190-5198). As a subsequent study, we have adapted electrospray ionization in negative-ion mode to characterize a wide variety of bio-oil compounds. A comparative study of three common high-resolution mass spectrometers was performed to validate the methodology and to investigate the differences in mass discrimination and resolution. The mass spectrum is dominated by low mass compounds with m/z of 100-250, with some compounds being analyzable by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We could characterize over 800 chemical compositions, with only about 40 of them being previously known in GC-MS. This unveiled a much more complex nature of bio-oils than typically shown by GC-MS. The pyrolysis products of cellulose and hemicellulose, particularly polyhydroxy cyclic hydrocarbons (or what we call "sugaric" compounds), such as levoglucosan, could be effectively characterized with this approach. Phenolic compounds from lignin pyrolysis could be clearly distinguished in a contour map of double bond equivalent (DBE) versus the number of carbons from these sugaric compounds. C1 [Smith, Erica A.; Park, Soojin; Klein, Adam T.; Lee, Young Jin] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smith, Erica A.; Park, Soojin; Klein, Adam T.; Lee, Young Jin] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lee, YJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM yjlee@iastate.edu RI Lee, Young Jin/F-2317-2011 OI Lee, Young Jin/0000-0002-2533-5371 FU ConocoPhillips; U.S. Department of Education; National Research Foundation of Korea; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DEAC02-07CH11358]; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by a grant from ConocoPhillips. The authors thank Robert C. Brown, Center for Sustainable Environmental Technology at Iowa State University, and his group members for bio-oil samples and valuable discussions. The authors are also grateful to David Stranz, Sierra Analytics, for kindly providing an evaluator version of Composer software for this study. Erica A. Smith acknowledges partial support from the Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) fellowship from the U.S. Department of Education. Soojin Park was partially supported by a fund from the National Research Foundation of Korea and the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University under DOE Contract DEAC02-07CH11358. The FT-ICR used in the current study was acquired through a National Science Foundation Major Research Instrument grant to the W.M. Keck Metabolomics Research Facility at Iowa State University. NR 25 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3796 EP 3802 DI 10.1021/ef3003558 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400075 ER PT J AU Peng, JH Bi, HT Sokhansanj, S Lim, JC AF Peng, J. H. Bi, H. T. Sokhansanj, S. Lim, J. C. TI A Study of Particle Size Effect on Biomass Torrefaction and Densification SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID WOOD; TEMPERATURE; PYROLYSIS; KINETICS AB The particle size effect on torrefaction of pine particles and formation of torrefied pellets has been studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a tubular fixed bed reactor. The fixed bed reactor was also used to produce torrefied samples for a single-die press unit for the densification test. Both the TGA and fixed bed reactor torrefaction test results showed that the torrefaction rate was affected by the particle size, especially at high temperatures. Although the temperature gradient inside particles smaller than I mm is very small during torrefaction, the internal diffusion of generated vapors inside particles imposes an impact on the global torrefaction reaction rate. The hard core or nonshrinkage particle model with a first order torrefaction reaction can predict the reaction data reasonably well, with the data-fitted effective vapor diffusivity coefficient. The densification tests showed that more energy was required to make pellets from larger torrefied particles, while the water uptake and Meyer hardness tests of pellets revealed that good quality torrefied pellets could be obtained from fine torrefied sawdust particles. C1 [Peng, J. H.; Bi, H. T.; Sokhansanj, S.; Lim, J. C.] Univ British Columbia, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Peng, J. H.; Bi, H. T.; Sokhansanj, S.; Lim, J. C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Sokhansanj, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bi, HT (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. EM xbi@chbe.ubc.ca FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; Wood Pellet Association of Canada; BC Innovation Council; U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors are grateful to the financial support from Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, Wood Pellet Association of Canada, BC Innovation Council, and U.S. Department of Energy. NR 28 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3826 EP 3839 DI 10.1021/ef3004027 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400079 ER PT J AU Oasmaa, A Kalli, A Lindfors, C Elliott, DC Springer, D Peacocke, C Chiaramonti, D AF Oasmaa, Anja Kalli, Anssi Lindfors, Christian Elliott, Douglas C. Springer, Dave Peacocke, Cordner Chiaramonti, David TI Guidelines for Transportation, Handling, and Use of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil. 1. Flammability and Toxicity SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID VEGETABLE-OILS; LIQUIDS AB An alternative sustainable fuel, biomass-derived fast pyrolysis oil or "bio-oil", is coming into the market in Europe. Fast pyrolysis pilot and demonstration plants for fuel applications producing tonnes of bio-oil are in operation, and commercial plants are under design. There will be increasingly larger amounts of bio-oil transportation on water and by land, leading to a need for further specifications and supporting documentation. The properties of bio-oil are different from conventional liquid fuels and, therefore, may need to overcome both technical and marketing hurdles for its acceptability in the fuels market. Multiple material safety data sheets (MSDSs) are currently being used by different producers, but there is a desire to update these as more information becomes available. In order to standardize bio-oil, quality specifications are being adopted. The first bio-oil burner fuel standard in ASTM D7544 was approved in 2010. CEN standardization has been initiated in Europe. In the EU, a new chemical regulation system REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) exists. Registration under REACH has to be perfomed if bio-oil is produced or imported into the EU. In the USA and Canada, bio-oil has to be filed under the TSCA (US Toxic Substances Control Act) and DSL (Domestic Substance List), respectively. In this paper, the state of the art on standardization is discussed, and new data for the transportation guidelines is presented. The focus is on flammability and toxicity. C1 [Oasmaa, Anja; Kalli, Anssi; Lindfors, Christian] Tech Res Ctr Finland, Helsinki, Finland. [Elliott, Douglas C.; Springer, Dave] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Chiaramonti, David] Univ Florence, CREAR, Florence, Italy. [Chiaramonti, David] Univ Florence, RE CORD, Florence, Italy. RP Oasmaa, A (reprint author), Tech Res Ctr Finland, Helsinki, Finland. EM anja.oasmaa@vtt.fi OI Chiaramonti, David/0000-0002-1720-7820 FU Tekes; VTT; Metso; UPM; Fortum FX IEA Bioenergy Task 34 Pyrolysis members are acknowledged for their contribution. EU Biotox project NNE5-2001-00744 is acknowledged for providing toxicological data. Risto Markkula from DGM (Dangerous Goods Management Finland Oy) Finland is acknowledged for transportation guidelines and reviewing this paper. Kimmo Kaukanen from VTT Expert Services Ltd. is acknowledged for sustained combustion tests. At VTT, Eeva Kuoppala and Jaana Korhonen are acknowledged for analyses. Tekes, VTT, Metso, UPM, and Fortum are acknowledged for funding. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3864 EP 3873 DI 10.1021/ef300418d PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400082 ER PT J AU Elliott, DC Hart, TR Neuenschwander, GG Rotness, LJ Olarte, MV Zacher, AH Solantausta, Y AF Elliott, Douglas C. Hart, Todd R. Neuenschwander, Gary G. Rotness, Leslie J. Olarte, Mariefel V. Zacher, Alan H. Solantausta, Yrjo TI Catalytic Hydroprocessing of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil from Pine Sawdust SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article AB Catalytic hydroprocessing has been applied to the fast pyrolysis liquid product (bio-oil) from softwood biomass in a bench-scale continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor system. The intent of the research was to develop process technology to convert the bio-oil into a petroleum refinery feedstock to supplement fossil energy resources and to displace imported feedstock. This paper is focused on the process experimentation and product analysis. A range of operating parameters, including temperature from 170 or 250 to 400 degrees C in the two-stage reactor and flow rate of 0.19 liquid hourly space velocity, was tested with bio-oil derived from pine wood. Times on stream of up to 90 h were evaluated, and losses of catalyst activity were assessed. Product yields of 0.35-0.45 g of oil product/g of dry bio-oil feed with hydrogen consumptions from 342 to 669 L/L of bio-oil feed were measured. Analyses determined that product oils with densities of 0.82-0.92 g/mL had oxygen contents of 0.2-2.7 wt % and total acid number (TAN) of <0.01-2.7 mg of KOH/g. In summation, the paper provides an initial understanding of the efficacy of hydroprocessing as applied to the Finnish pine bio-oil. C1 [Elliott, Douglas C.; Hart, Todd R.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.; Rotness, Leslie J.; Olarte, Mariefel V.; Zacher, Alan H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Solantausta, Yrjo] Tech Res Ctr Finland VTT, Espoo 02044, Finland. RP Elliott, DC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM dougc.elliott@pnnl.gov RI Olarte, Mariefel/D-3217-2013; OI Olarte, Mariefel/0000-0003-2989-1110; Hart, Todd/0000-0001-8013-0689 FU Office of the Biomass Program at the U.S. Department of Energy; Battelle for the United States Department of Energy [DE-ACO5-76RL01830] FX This research was supported by the Office of the Biomass Program at the U.S. Department of Energy, and the authors specifically acknowledge the support of Mr. Paul Grabowski, former manager for the Thermochemical Conversion Platform. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-ACO5-76RL01830. The authors acknowledge the supply of bio-oil feedstock provided for these experiments by the Technical Research Center of Finland (VTT) and the effort of Dr. Anja Oasmaa. NR 15 TC 68 Z9 75 U1 6 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3891 EP 3896 DI 10.1021/ef3004587 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400085 ER PT J AU Tsimpanogiannis, IN Lichtner, PC AF Tsimpanogiannis, Ioannis N. Lichtner, Peter C. TI Fluid Displacement and Solid Formation in a Porous Medium Using Invasion Percolation in a Gradient with Pore Blocking SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL GAS SATURATION; GEOCHEMICAL REACTION-RATES; NETWORK MODEL; MULTIPHASE FLOW; CAPILLARY-PRESSURE; WORMHOLE FORMATION; METHANE HYDRATE; BUBBLE-GROWTH; HEAT-TRANSFER; SCALE AB We utilize a modified form of the theory of invasion percolation in a gradient (IPG) in pore networks to simulate numerically immiscible displacement and reaction (solid formation and precipitation) in porous media. We examine the two-dimensional invasion patterns that result, as well as the change in prosity due to the solid precipitation and the subsequent pore blocking and how they depend on various parameters including the solid formation kinetics and the strength of the percolation gradient. This work clearly demonstrates that for two-dimensional systems it is not the overall change of porosity in the system that controls the ability of the porous medium to accommodate flow, but its transverse average. This is because localized pore blocking occurring in narrow zones perpendicular to the invasion front can completely eliminate flow. C1 [Tsimpanogiannis, Ioannis N.] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Environm Res Lab, Athens 15310, Greece. [Lichtner, Peter C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tsimpanogiannis, IN (reprint author), Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Environm Res Lab, Athens 15310, Greece. EM tsimpano@usc.edu FU Los Alamos National Laboratory [LDRD-DR 20030059DR, LDRD-DR 20040042DR]; European Commission EC Grant PERL [REGPOT-2008-1-229773] FX Part of this work was completed when I.N.T. was at the Hydrology, Geochemistry, and Geology Group (EES-6), Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM. Partial financial support by LDRD-DR 20030059DR and LDRD-DR 20040042DR projects, funded by Los Alamos National Laboratory, is gratefully acknowledged. Partial financial support by the European Commission EC Grant PERL (Contract No. REGPOT-2008-1-229773) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 3935 EP 3950 DI 10.1021/ef300192x PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 961DP UT WOS:000305444400091 ER PT J AU Chen, WQ Gan, JY Rice, TM Zhang, FC AF Chen, Wei-Qiang Gan, J. Y. Rice, T. M. Zhang, F. C. TI Interlayer couplings and the coexistence of antiferromagnetic and d-wave pairing order in multilayer cuprates SO EPL LA English DT Article ID VARIATIONAL MONTE-CARLO; T-J MODEL; SUPERCONDUCTORS AB A more extended low-density region of coexisting uniform antiferromagnetism and d-wave superconductivity has been reported in multilayer cuprates, when compared to single-layer or bilayer cuprates. This coexistence could be due to the enhanced screening of random potential modulations in inner layers or to the interlayer Heisenberg and Josephson couplings. A theoretical analysis using a renormalized mean-field theory favors the former explanation. The potential for an improved determination of the antiferromagnetic and superconducting order parameters in an ideal single layer from zero-field NMR and infrared Josephson plasma resonances in multilayer cuprates is discussed. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2012 C1 [Chen, Wei-Qiang] S Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, Wei-Qiang; Rice, T. M.; Zhang, F. C.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chen, Wei-Qiang; Rice, T. M.; Zhang, F. C.] Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Theoret & Computat Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Gan, J. Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Rice, T. M.] ETH, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Rice, T. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chen, WQ (reprint author), S Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM chen.wq@sustc.edu.cn RI CHEN, Weiqiang/D-3058-2009 FU Hong Kong RGC GRF [HKU706507, HKU701010]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [10804125]; Swiss Nationalfond and MANEP network FX We are grateful to C. BERNHARD, Y. KITAOKA, H. MUKUDA and S. UCHIDA for helpful discussions. We acknowledge financial support in part from Hong Kong RGC GRF grant HKU706507, HKU701010, the National Natural Science Foundation of China 10804125, and also from the Swiss Nationalfond and MANEP network. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PD JUN PY 2012 VL 98 IS 5 AR 57005 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/98/57005 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 958YJ UT WOS:000305276600029 ER PT J AU Beale, TAW Beutier, G Bland, SR Bombardi, A Bouchenoire, L Bunau, O Di Matteo, S Fernandez-Rodriguez, J Hamann-Borrero, JE Herrero-Martin, J Jacques, VLR Johnson, RD Juhin, A Matsumura, T Mazzoli, C Mulders, AM Nakao, H Okamoto, J Partzsch, S Princep, AJ Scagnoli, V Strempfer, J Vecchini, C Wakabayashi, Y Walker, HC Wermeille, D Yamasaki, Y AF Beale, T. A. W. Beutier, G. Bland, S. R. Bombardi, A. Bouchenoire, L. Bunau, O. Di Matteo, S. Fernandez-Rodriguez, J. Hamann-Borrero, J. E. Herrero-Martin, J. Jacques, V. L. R. Johnson, R. D. Juhin, A. Matsumura, T. Mazzoli, C. Mulders, A. M. Nakao, H. Okamoto, J. Partzsch, S. Princep, A. J. Scagnoli, V. Strempfer, J. Vecchini, C. Wakabayashi, Y. Walker, H. C. Wermeille, D. Yamasaki, Y. TI REXS contribution to electronic ordering investigation in solids SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Review ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; RESONANT MAGNETIC SCATTERING; ANOMALOUS SCATTERING; FORBIDDEN REFLECTIONS; BRAGG-DIFFRACTION; CHARGE; TRANSITION; POLARIZATION; IRON; LA0.5SR1.5MNO4 AB Resonant Elastic X-Ray Scattering (REXS) has played a fundamental role in understanding electronic properties and in revealing hidden order, local symmetries and exotic states realized in correlated solids. This article reports on some of the relevant scientific contributions and technical advances over the last 20 years, by providing a list of related publications produced by various groups all around the world. The given perspective is that of a group of young scientists involved at various times in the investigation of the beauty of electronic ordering by the REXS technique. C1 [Beale, T. A. W.; Bland, S. R.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Beutier, G.] Grenoble INP CNRS UJF, SIMaP, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. [Bland, S. R.; Vecchini, C.] Diamond Light Source Ltd, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. [Bouchenoire, L.; Wermeille, D.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Bouchenoire, L.; Wermeille, D.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, XMaS CRG Beamline BM28, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Bunau, O.; Juhin, A.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IMPMC, F-75252 Paris 5, France. [Di Matteo, S.] Univ Rennes 1, Equipe Phys Surfaces & Interfaces, Inst Phys Rennes, CNRS,UMR UR1 6251, F-35042 Rennes, France. [Fernandez-Rodriguez, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hamann-Borrero, J. E.; Partzsch, S.] Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res IFW Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. [Herrero-Martin, J.] CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Johnson, R. D.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Matsumura, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Quantum Matter, AdSM, Higashihiroshima 7398530, Japan. [Mazzoli, C.] Politecn Milan, CNISM Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Mulders, A. M.; Princep, A. J.] UNSW, Sch PEMS, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. [Nakao, H.; Okamoto, J.; Yamasaki, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Org, Condensed Matter Res Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Nakao, H.; Okamoto, J.; Yamasaki, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Org, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Scagnoli, V.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Strempfer, J.; Walker, H. C.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron Hasylab DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Wakabayashi, Y.] Osaka Univ, Div Mat Phys, Grad Sch Engn Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5608531, Japan. RP Beale, TAW (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Rochester Bldg,South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM claudio.mazzoli@polimi.it RI Wakabayashi, Yusuke/F-1621-2010; Walker, Helen/C-4201-2011; Mazzoli, Claudio/J-4360-2012; Bombardi, Alessandro/J-8098-2012; Yamasaki, Yuichi/A-5320-2010; Mulders, Annemieke/B-4236-2013; scagnoli, valerio/C-6833-2008; Matsumura, Takeshi/B-3734-2011; Hamann Borrero, Jorge Enrique/J-4241-2014; Herrero-Martin, Javier/H-8167-2015; JUHIN, Amelie/C-3502-2015 OI Wakabayashi, Yusuke/0000-0003-3107-0338; Walker, Helen/0000-0002-7859-5388; scagnoli, valerio/0000-0002-8116-8870; Hamann Borrero, Jorge Enrique/0000-0003-2729-9594; Herrero-Martin, Javier/0000-0003-1986-8128; JUHIN, Amelie/0000-0003-0752-3034 NR 198 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 208 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01609-0 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960QX UT WOS:000305404200009 ER PT J AU Beale, TAW Wilkins, SB Johnson, RD Prabhakaran, D Boothroyd, AT Steadman, P Dhesi, SS Hatton, PD AF Beale, T. A. W. Wilkins, S. B. Johnson, R. D. Prabhakaran, D. Boothroyd, A. T. Steadman, P. Dhesi, S. S. Hatton, P. D. TI Advances in the understanding of multiferroics through soft X-ray diffraction SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETITE FE3O4; FERROELECTRICITY AB The magneto-electric multiferroic TbMn2O5 has a complex magnetic structure in three different magnetically ordered phases. We have determined the nature of the induced magnetic order on the oxygen sites in the commensurate magnetic phase through full linear X-ray polarisation analysis at the oxygen K edge. This has been achieved rotating the linear polarisation of the incident beam at the source, and using multilayers to analyse the polarisation state of the scattered X-ray beam. We have confirmed that the anisotropy of the magnetic scattering at the oxygen edge is consistent with the anisotropy of the manganese magnetic structure. C1 [Beale, T. A. W.; Hatton, P. D.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Wilkins, S. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Johnson, R. D.; Prabhakaran, D.; Boothroyd, A. T.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Johnson, R. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab STFC, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Steadman, P.; Dhesi, S. S.] Diamond Light Source Ltd, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. RP Beale, TAW (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM p.d.hatton@dur.ac.uk RI Hatton, Peter/J-8445-2014 FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The work at Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science, under contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 208 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01610-7 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960QX UT WOS:000305404200010 ER PT J AU Partzsch, S Wilkins, SB Schierle, E Hamann-Borrero, JE Wadati, H Soltwisch, V Hill, JP Weschke, E Souptel, D Buchner, B Geck, J AF Partzsch, S. Wilkins, S. B. Schierle, E. Hamann-Borrero, J. E. Wadati, H. Soltwisch, V. Hill, J. P. Weschke, E. Souptel, D. Buechner, B. Geck, J. TI Resonant soft X-ray scattering studies of multiferroic YMn2O5 SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; POLARIZATION; CONSTANTS AB We performed soft X-ray resonant scattering at the MnL (2,3)- and OK edges of YMn2O5. While the resonant intensity at the Mn L (2,3) edges reflects the magnetic order parameter, the resonant scattering at the O K edge is found to be directly related to the macroscopic ferroelectric polarization. The latter observation reveals the important role of the spin-dependent Mn-O hybridization for the multiferroicity of YMn2O5. We present details about how to obtain correct energy dependent lineshapes and discuss the origin of the resonant intensity at the O K edge. C1 [Partzsch, S.; Hamann-Borrero, J. E.; Souptel, D.; Buechner, B.; Geck, J.] Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res IFW Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. [Partzsch, S.; Wilkins, S. B.; Hill, J. P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Schierle, E.; Soltwisch, V.; Weschke, E.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Wadati, H.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Appl Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan. [Wadati, H.] Univ Tokyo, QPEC, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan. RP Partzsch, S (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstr 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. EM s.partzsch@ifw-dresden.de RI Schierle, Enrico/J-4356-2013; Weschke, Eugen/J-4404-2013; Hamann Borrero, Jorge Enrique/J-4241-2014; Buchner, Bernd/E-2437-2016 OI Schierle, Enrico/0000-0002-6981-2301; Weschke, Eugen/0000-0002-2141-0944; Hamann Borrero, Jorge Enrique/0000-0003-2729-9594; Buchner, Bernd/0000-0002-3886-2680 FU DFG [GE 1647/2-1]; Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (FIRST Program); US Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Many thanks to the organizers of the REXS 2011 conference in Aussois and to Gerry Lander for helpful discussions. We thank D.S. Coburn, W. Leonhardt, W. Schoenig and S. Wirick for technical support at X1A2. S.P. and J.G. thank the DFG for the support through the Emmy Noether Program (Grant GE 1647/2-1). H.W. thanks the Funding Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (FIRST Program). Work performed at BNL was supported by the US Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science, under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 208 IS 1 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01614-y PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960QX UT WOS:000305404200014 ER PT J AU Haskel, D Kravtsov, E Choi, Y Lang, JC Islam, Z Srajer, G Jiang, JS Bader, SD Canfield, PC AF Haskel, D. Kravtsov, E. Choi, Y. Lang, J. C. Islam, Z. Srajer, G. Jiang, J. S. Bader, S. D. Canfield, P. C. TI Charge-magnetic interference resonant scattering studies of ferromagnetic crystals and thin films SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Review ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; EXCHANGE SCATTERING; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ROUGH SURFACES; SUPERLATTICES; ND2FE14B; DIFFRACTION AB The element- and site-specificity of X-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS) makes it an ideal tool for furthering our understanding of complex magnetic systems. In the hard X-rays, XRMS is readily applied to most antiferromagnets where the relatively weak resonant magnetic scattering (10(-2)-10(-6) I (c) ) is separated in reciprocal space from the stronger, Bragg charge scattered intensity, I (c) . In ferro(ferri)magnetic materials, however, such separation does not occur and measurements of resonant magnetic scattering in the presence of strong charge scattering are quite challenging. We discuss the use of charge-magnetic interference resonant scattering for studies of ferromagnetic (FM) crystals and layered films. We review the challenges and opportunities afforded by this approach, particularly when using circularly polarized X-rays. We illustrate current capabilities at the Advanced Photon Source with studies aimed at probing site-specific magnetism in ferromagnetic crystals, and interfacial magnetism in films. C1 [Haskel, D.; Kravtsov, E.; Choi, Y.; Lang, J. C.; Islam, Z.; Srajer, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kravtsov, E.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg, Russia. [Kravtsov, E.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia. [Jiang, J. S.; Bader, S. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys, Ames, IA USA. [Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP Haskel, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM haskel@aps.anl.gov RI Bader, Samuel/A-2995-2013; Kravtsov, Evgeny/J-3593-2013; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Kravtsov, Evgeny/0000-0002-5663-5692; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX Work at Argonne and Ames is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under contract Nos. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC02-07CH11358, respectively. We thank S. Sinha, D. R. Lee, M. van Veenendaal, H. Hashizume, H. Hosoito, R. Camley. J. Meersschaut, Christie Nelson, A. Ankudinov, J. Pollmann, A. Cady, G. Subias, J. Garcia, E. Lorenzo, J. Cross, M. Newville, S. te Velthuis and B. Kirby for valuable input in theoretical, experimental and modeling aspects of this work. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 208 IS 1 BP 141 EP 155 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01615-2 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960QX UT WOS:000305404200015 ER PT J AU Kim, MG Kreyssig, A Lee, YB McQueeney, RJ Harmon, BN Goldman, AI AF Kim, M. G. Kreyssig, A. Lee, Y. B. McQueeney, R. J. Harmon, B. N. Goldman, A. I. TI Fe K-edge X-ray resonant magnetic scattering from Ba(Fe1-x Co (x) )(2)As-2 superconductors SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article AB We present an X-ray resonant magnetic scattering study at the Fe-K absorption edge of the BaFe2As2 compound. The energy spectrum of the resonant scattering, together with our calculation using the full-potential linear-augmented plane wave method with a local density functional suggests that the observed resonant scattering arises from electric dipole (E1) transitions. We discuss the role of Fe K-edge X-ray resonant magnetic scattering in understanding the relationship between the structure and the antiferromagnetic transition in the doped Ba(Fe1-x Co (x) )(2)As-2 superconductors. C1 [Kim, M. G.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kim, MG (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mgkim@iastate.edu RI Kim, Min Gyu/B-8637-2012; McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016 OI Kim, Min Gyu/0000-0001-7676-454X; McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602 FU Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U. S. Department of Energy (US DOE) [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Iowa State University [DEAC02-07CH11358] FX The samples used in these studies were grown and characterized by A. Thaler, N. Ni, S. L. Bud'ko, and P. C. Canfield. We thank J. W. Kim for the experimental support at the APS. We acknowledge valuable discussions with J. Lang, R. M. Fernandes, and J. Schmalian. This work was supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U. S. Department of Energy (US DOE). Ames Laboratory is operated for the US DOE by Iowa State University under Contract No. DEAC02-07CH11358. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 208 IS 1 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01616-1 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960QX UT WOS:000305404200016 ER PT J AU Barois, P Gleeson, H Huang, CC Pindak, R AF Barois, P. Gleeson, H. Huang, C. C. Pindak, R. TI Application of X-ray resonant diffraction to structural studies of liquid crystals SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article ID SMECTIC-PHASE; SCATTERING; MESOPHASES; MOLECULES AB Liquid crystals are soft materials that combine the fluidity of disordered liquids and the long range orientational or positional order of crystalline solids along one or two directions of space. X-ray scattering is widely and generally successfully used to investigate and characterize the microscopic structure of most liquid crystals. In many cases however, the Bragg reflections are forbidden by special symmetries of the unit cell and the low dimensional structure of the liquid crystalline phases are out of reach of conventional X-ray experiments. We show in this paper that this problem can be overcome by resonant scattering of X-rays as it reveals the anisotropy of the tensor structure factor. We review various examples in which the restored forbidden reflections reveal unambiguously the hidden structure of liquid crystalline phases. Moreover, we show that in some cases, a fine analysis of the polarization of the Bragg reflections enables one to discriminate between different structural models. These studies solved long standing questions about biaxial liquid crystal structures and provided new insights into physical phenomena such as supercritical behaviour or commensurate-incommensurate transitions. C1 [Barois, P.] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Rech Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France. [Gleeson, H.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Huang, C. C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Pindak, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Barois, P (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Rech Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France. EM barois@crpp-bordeaux.cnrs.fr FU CNRS FX Special thanks and gratitude are due to Dr. Anne-Marie Levelut who initiated the resonant scattering studies in liquid crystals. PB thanks the "Formation Permanente" action of CNRS for financial support at the REXS 2011 Conference in Aussois. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 18 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 208 IS 1 BP 333 EP 350 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01628-9 PG 18 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 960QX UT WOS:000305404200028 ER PT J AU Janecek, M AF Janecek, Martin TI Reflectivity Spectra for Commonly Used Reflectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fluorescence; Lambertian reflection; reflection coefficient; specular reflection ID SCINTILLATORS; STANDARD; EFFICIENT; DETECTOR; PAINT AB Monte Carlo simulations play an important role in developing and evaluating the performance of radiation detection systems. To accurately model a reflector in an optical Monte Carlo simulation, the reflector's spectral response has to be known. We have measured the reflection coefficient for many commonly used reflectors for wavelengths from 250 nm to 800 nm. The reflectors were also screened for fluorescence and angular distribution changes with wavelength. The reflectors examined in this work include several polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reflectors, Spectralon, GORE diffuse reflector, titanium dioxide paint, magnesium oxide, nitrocellulose filter paper, Tyvek paper, Lumirror, Melinex, ESR films, and aluminum foil. All PTFE films exhibited decreasing reflectivity with longer wavelengths due to transmission. To achieve > 0.95 reflectivity in the 380 to 500 nm range, the PTFE films have to be at least 0.5 mm thick-nitrocellulose is a good alternative if a thin diffuse reflector is needed. Several of the reflectors have sharp declines in reflectivity below a cut-off wavelength, including TiO2 (420 nm), ESR film (395 nm), nitrocellulose (330 nm), Lumirror (325 nm), and Melinex (325 nm). PTFE-like reflectors were the only examined reflectors that had reflectivity above 0.90 for wavelengths below 300 nm. Lumirror, Melinex, and ESR film exhibited fluorescence. Lumirror and Melinex are excited by wavelengths between 320 and 420 nm and have their emission peaks located at 440 nm, while ESR film is excited by wavelengths below 400 nm and the emission peak is located at 430 nm. Lumirror and Melinex also exhibited changing angular distributions with wavelength. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Janecek, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjanecek@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Biological Systems Science Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Biological Systems Science Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 59 IS 3 BP 490 EP 497 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2183385 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 962VO UT WOS:000305575700001 ER PT J AU Onar, OC Kobayashi, J Erb, DC Khaligh, A AF Onar, Omer C. Kobayashi, Jonathan Erb, Dylan C. Khaligh, Alireza TI A Bidirectional High-Power-Quality Grid Interface With a Novel Bidirectional Noninverted Buck-Boost Converter for PHEVs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alternating current/direct current (ac/dc)-dc/ac grid interface converter; bidirectional converters; noninverted buck-boost dc/dc converter; plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); vehicle-to-grid (V2G) ID HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES; PLUG-IN; BATTERY CHARGERS; VOLTAGE; ELECTRONICS; STRATEGY; SYSTEMS; AC/DC AB Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) will play a vital role in future sustainable transportation systems due to their potential in terms of energy security, decreased environmental impact, improved fuel economy, and better performance. Moreover, new regulations have been established to improve the collective gas mileage, cut greenhouse gas emissions, and reduce dependence on foreign oil. This paper primarily focuses on two major thrust areas of PHEVs. First, it introduces a grid-friendly bidirectional alternating current/direct current ac/dc-dc/ac rectifier/inverter for facilitating vehicle-to-grid (V2G) integration of PHEVs. Second, it presents an integrated bidirectional noninverted buck-boost converter that interfaces the energy storage device of the PHEV to the dc link in both grid-connected and driving modes. The proposed bidirectional converter has minimal grid-level disruptions in terms of power factor and total harmonic distortion, with less switching noise. The integrated bidirectional dc/dc converter assists the grid interface converter to track the charge/discharge power of the PHEV battery. In addition, while driving, the dc/dc converter provides a regulated dc link voltage to the motor drive and captures the braking energy during regenerative braking. C1 [Onar, Omer C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kobayashi, Jonathan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Erb, Dylan C.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Erb, Dylan C.] MIT, MIT Energy Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Khaligh, Alireza] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Power Elect Energy Harvesting & Renewable Energie, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Onar, OC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Khaligh, Alireza/B-8435-2012 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0801860, 1157633, 0852013] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant 0801860, Grant 1157633, and Grant 0852013. The review of this paper was coordinated by Prof. F. Assadian. NR 48 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 27 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 61 IS 5 BP 2018 EP 2032 DI 10.1109/TVT.2012.2192459 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 962VY UT WOS:000305576800007 ER PT J AU Curran, SJ Hanson, RM Wagner, RM AF Curran, Scott J. Hanson, Reed M. Wagner, Robert M. TI Reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion on a multi-cylinder light-duty diesel engine SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Reactivity controlled compression ignition; thermal efficiency; engine performance; low-temperature combustion; emission reductions AB Reactivity controlled compression ignition is a low-temperature combustion technique that has been shown, both in computational fluid dynamics modeling and single-cylinder experiments, to obtain diesel-like efficiency or better with ultra-low nitrogen oxide and soot emissions, while operating primarily on gasoline-like fuels. This paper investigates reactivity controlled compression ignition operation on a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine with production-viable hardware using conventional gasoline and diesel fuel. Experimental results are presented over a wide speed and load range using a systematic approach for achieving successful steady-state reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion. The results demonstrated diesel-like efficiency or better over the operating range explored with low engine-out nitrogen oxide and soot emissions. A peak brake thermal efficiency of 39.0% was demonstrated for 2600 r/min and 6.9 bar brake mean effective pressure with nitrogen oxide emissions reduced by an order of magnitude compared to conventional diesel combustion operation. Reactivity controlled compression ignition emissions and efficiency results are compared to conventional diesel combustion operation on the same engine. C1 [Curran, Scott J.; Wagner, Robert M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Curran, SJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM curransj@ornl.gov OI Curran, Scott/0000-0002-4665-0231 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies; General Motors and Delphi; US Government [DE-AC05-000R22725] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technologies.; The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and guidance of Gurpreet Singh, Ken Howden, and Kevin Stork at the DOE. The authors would like to acknowledge input from their collogues at the University of Wisconsin, Professor Rolf Reitz and Sage Kokjohn, and support from General Motors and Delphi.; This manuscript has been authored by a contractor for the US Government under contract number DE-AC05-000R22725. Accordingly, the US Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for the US Government. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1468-0874 J9 INT J ENGINE RES JI Int. J. Engine Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 3 SI SI BP 216 EP 225 DI 10.1177/1468087412442324 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Transportation GA 961MG UT WOS:000305467900004 ER PT J AU Dubuis, G Bollinger, AT Pavuna, D Bozovic, I AF Dubuis, G. Bollinger, A. T. Pavuna, D. Bozovic, I. TI Electric field effect on superconductivity in La2-xSrxCuO4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; IONIC LIQUIDS; FILMS; MODULATION; INSULATOR; DENSITY; OXIDES AB We demonstrate a method to tune the carrier concentration of a high temperature superconductor over a wide range, using an applied electric field. Thin film devices were made in an electrical double layer transistor configuration utilizing an ionic liquid. In this way, the surface carrier density in La2-xSrxCuO4 films can be varied between 0.01 and 0.14 carriers per Cu atom with a resulting change in critical temperature of 25K (similar to 70% of the maximum critical temperature in this compound). This allows one to study a large segment of the cuprate phase diagram without altering the level of disorder. We used this method [A. T. Bollinger et al., Nature 472, 458-460 (2011)] to study the quantum critical point at the superconductor to insulator phase transition on the underdoped side of superconducting dome, and concluded that this transition is driven by quantum phase fluctuations and Cooper pair delocalization. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726158] C1 [Dubuis, G.; Bollinger, A. T.; Bozovic, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dubuis, G.; Pavuna, D.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Dubuis, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Dubuis, Guy/A-6849-2012 OI Dubuis, Guy/0000-0002-8199-4953 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 71 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 112632 DI 10.1063/1.4726158 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400033 ER PT J AU Erhart, P AF Erhart, Paul TI A first-principles study of helium storage in oxides and at oxide-iron interfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STRENGTHENED FERRITIC STEELS; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; FBR CORE APPLICATION; ELASTIC BAND METHOD; SADDLE-POINTS; BASIS-SET; DIFFRACTION; IMPROVEMENT AB Density-functional theory calculations based on conventional as well as hybrid exchange-correlation functionals have been carried out to study the properties of helium in various oxides (Al2O3, TiO2, Y2O3, YAP, YAG, YAM, MgO, CaO, BaO, SrO) as well as at oxide-iron interfaces. Helium interstitials in bulk oxides are shown to be energetically more favorable than substitutional helium, yet helium binds to existing vacancies. The solubility of He in oxides is systematically higher than in iron and scales with the free volume at the interstitial site nearly independently of the chemical composition of the oxide. In most oxides, He migration is significantly slower and He-He binding is much weaker than in iron. To quantify the solubility of helium at oxide-iron interfaces two prototypical systems are considered (Fe-MgO, Fe-FeO-MgO). In both cases, the He solubility is markedly enhanced in the interface compared to either of the bulk phases. The results of the calculations allow to construct a schematic energy landscape for He interstitials in iron. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of helium sequestration in oxide dispersion strengthened steels, including the effects of interfaces and lattice strain. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4707944] C1 [Erhart, Paul] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Erhart, Paul] Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Erhart, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM erhart@chalmers.se RI Erhart, Paul/G-6260-2011 OI Erhart, Paul/0000-0002-2516-6061 NR 60 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 49 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 113502 DI 10.1063/1.4707944 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400050 ER PT J AU Godwal, BK Yan, J Clark, SM Jeanloz, R AF Godwal, B. K. Yan, J. Clark, S. M. Jeanloz, R. TI High-pressure behavior of osmium: An analog for iron in Earth's core SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (SMEC) CY MAR 27-APR 02, 2011 CL High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA), Miami, FL SP Florida Int Univ, Ctr Study Matter Extreme Condit (CeSMEC), Florida Int Univ, Coll Engn HO High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA) ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; TRANSITION-METALS; TRAVEL-TIMES; INNER-CORE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; ANISOTROPY; CRYSTAL; PKIKP; OS AB High-resolution x-ray diffraction with diamond-anvil cells, using argon as a quasi-hydrostatic pressure medium, documents the crystal structure and equation of state of osmium to over 60 GPa at room temperature. We find the zero-pressure bulk modulus in fair agreement with other experiments as well as with relativistic electronic band-structure calculations: Osmium is the densest but not the most incompressible element at ambient conditions. We also find no evidence for anomalies in the ratio of unit-cell parameters, c/a, or in the compressibility of osmium as a function of pressure. This is in agreement with other experiments and quantum mechanical calculations but disagrees with recent claims that the electronic structure and equation of state of osmium exhibit anomalies at pressures of similar to 15-25 GPa; the discrepancies are may be due to the effects of texturing. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726203] C1 [Godwal, B. K.; Yan, J.; Clark, S. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jeanloz, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Godwal, BK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Clark, Simon/B-2041-2013 OI Clark, Simon/0000-0002-7488-3438 NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 112608 DI 10.1063/1.4726203 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400009 ER PT J AU Gooch, M Lorenz, B Huang, SX Chien, CL Chu, CW AF Gooch, M. Lorenz, B. Huang, S. X. Chien, C. L. Chu, C. W. TI Pressure effects on strained FeSe0.5Te0.5 thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (SMEC) CY MAR 27-APR 02, 2011 CL High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA), Miami, FL SP Florida Int Univ, Ctr Study Matter Extreme Condit (CeSMEC), Florida Int Univ, Coll Engn HO High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA) ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; 43 K; COMPOUND; PHASE; GAPS AB The pressure effect on the resistivity and superconducting T-c of prestrained thin films of the iron chalcogenide superconductor FeSe0.5Te0.5 is studied. Films with different anion heights above the Fe layer showing different values of ambient pressure T-c's are compressed up to a pressure of 1.7 GPa. All films exhibit a significant increase of T-c with pressure. The results cannot solely be explained by a pressure-induced decrease of the anion height but other parameters have to be considered to explain the data for all films. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726209] C1 [Gooch, M.; Lorenz, B.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Gooch, M.; Lorenz, B.; Chu, C. W.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Huang, S. X.; Chien, C. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Chu, C. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gooch, M (reprint author), Univ Houston, TCSUH, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM mjgooch@mail.uh.edu RI Huang, Sunxiang/J-8568-2012 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 112610 DI 10.1063/1.4726209 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400011 ER PT J AU Hopkins, PE Kaehr, B Piekos, ES Dunphy, D Brinker, CJ AF Hopkins, Patrick E. Kaehr, Bryan Piekos, Edward S. Dunphy, Darren Brinker, C. Jeffrey TI Minimum thermal conductivity considerations in aerogel thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; CRYSTALS; PLATEAU; 3-OMEGA; DEVICES; SOLIDS; BODIES AB We demonstrate the use time domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) to measure the thermal conductivity of the solid silica network of aerogel thin-films. TDTR presents a unique experimental capability for measuring the thermal conductivity of porous media due to the nanosecond time domain aspect of the measurement. In short, TDTR is capable of explicitly measuring the change in temperature with time of the solid portion of porous media independently from the pores or effective media. This makes TDTR ideal for determining the thermal transport through the solid network of the aerogel film. We measure the thermal conductivity of the solid silica networks of an aerogel film that is 10% solid, and the thermal conductivity of the same type of film that has been calcined to remove the terminating methyl groups. We find that for similar densities, the thermal conductivity through the silica in the aerogel thin films is similar to that of bulk aerogels. We theoretically describe the thermal transport in the aerogel films with a modified minimum limit to thermal conductivity that accounts for porosity through a reduction in phonon velocity. Our porous minimum limit agrees well with a wide range of experimental data in addition to sound agreement with differential effective medium theory. This porous minimum limit therefore demonstrates an approach to predict the thermal conductivity of porous disordered materials with no a priori knowledge of the corresponding bulk phase, unlike differential effective medium theory. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729325] C1 [Hopkins, Patrick E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Kaehr, Bryan; Piekos, Edward S.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Kaehr, Bryan; Dunphy, Darren; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM phopkins@virginia.edu NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 113532 DI 10.1063/1.4729325 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400080 ER PT J AU Mayer, MA Yu, KM Haller, EE Walukiewicz, W AF Mayer, Marie A. Yu, Kin Man Haller, Eugene E. Walukiewicz, Wladek TI Tuning structural, electrical, and optical properties of oxide alloys: ZnO1-xSex SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR ALLOYS; ZNO FILMS; BAND; POLYCRYSTALLINE AB Previously we showed that it is possible to narrow the band gap of zinc oxide from 3.3 to similar to 2 eV through the addition of Se. Here, we use thin film samples of ZnO1-xSex grown by pulsed laser deposition to describe in detail the effect of growth parameters (temperature, pressure, and fluence) on the chemistry, structure, and optoelectronic properties of oxide alloys. We analyze the influences of temperature, laser fluence, and pressure during growth on the structure and composition of the films and define the parameter space in which homogeneous ZnO1-xSex alloy films can in fact be synthesized. Electronic transport in films grown under different conditions was characterized by resistivity, thermopower, and Hall effect measurements. We discuss how the electron affinity and native defects in polycrystalline oxide alloys enable reasonable mobilities (similar to 15 cm(2)/Vs) relative to their single crystalline counterparts. Finally, we elaborate on the model of optical structure in ZnO1-xSex and discuss the dependence of optical properties on growth temperature and fluence. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4724336] C1 [Mayer, Marie A.; Yu, Kin Man; Haller, Eugene E.; Walukiewicz, Wladek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mayer, Marie A.; Haller, Eugene E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mayer, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 113505 DI 10.1063/1.4724336 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400053 ER PT J AU Sidorov, AN Gaskill, K Nardelli, MB Tedesco, JL Myers-Ward, RL Eddy, CR Jayasekera, T Kim, KW Jayasingha, R Sherehiy, A Stallard, R Sumanasekera, GU AF Sidorov, Anton N. Gaskill, Kurt Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno Tedesco, Joseph L. Myers-Ward, Rachel L. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Jayasekera, Thushari Kim, Ki Wook Jayasingha, Ruwantha Sherehiy, Andriy Stallard, Robert Sumanasekera, Gamini U. TI Charge transfer equilibria in ambient-exposed epitaxial graphene on (000(1)over-bar) 6 H-SiC SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; REDOX COUPLE; GAS; SILICON AB The transport properties of electronic materials have been long interpreted independently from both the underlying bulk-like behavior of the substrate or the influence of ambient gases. This is no longer the case for ultra-thin graphene whose properties are dominated by the interfaces between the active material and its surroundings. Here, we show that the graphene interactions with its environments are critical for the electrostatic and electrochemical equilibrium of the active device layers and their transport properties. Based on the prototypical case of epitaxial graphene on (000 (1) over bar) 6 H-SiC and using a combination of in-situ thermoelectric power and resistance measurements and simulations from first principles, we demonstrate that the cooperative occurrence of an electrochemically mediated charge transfer from the graphene to air, combined with the peculiar electronic structure of the graphene/SiC interface, explains the wide variation of measured conductivity and charge carrier type found in prior reports. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4725413] C1 [Sidorov, Anton N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Gaskill, Kurt; Tedesco, Joseph L.; Myers-Ward, Rachel L.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] USN, Adv SiC Epitaxial Res Lab, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno; Jayasekera, Thushari] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno] Univ N Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno] Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Kim, Ki Wook] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Jayasingha, Ruwantha; Sherehiy, Andriy; Stallard, Robert; Sumanasekera, Gamini U.] Univ Louisville, Dept Phys & Astron, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. RP Sidorov, AN (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RI Buongiorno Nardelli, Marco/C-9089-2009 NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 113706 DI 10.1063/1.4725413 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400087 ER PT J AU Wang, JY Yang, WG Wang, S Xiao, XH De Carlo, F Liu, YJ Mao, WL AF Wang, Junyue Yang, Wenge Wang, Steve Xiao, Xianghui De Carlo, Francesco Liu, Yijin Mao, Wendy L. TI High pressure nano-tomography using an iterative method SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (SMEC) CY MAR 27-APR 02, 2011 CL High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA), Miami, FL SP Florida Int Univ, Ctr Study Matter Extreme Condit (CeSMEC), Florida Int Univ, Coll Engn HO High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA) ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; MICROTOMOGRAPHY AB An iterative method has been developed to improve the quality of 3D tomography data with limited angular access. Within 10 iteration cycles, the reconstructed data error can be improved by an order of magnitude and reach below 1%. This algorithm was applied to high pressure tomography data collected in a panoramic diamond anvil cell with the transmission x-ray microscopy technique, in which only 135 degrees of data can be obtained. We found that the volumes measured for a tin (Sn) particle across the beta-Sn to body-centered-tetragonal (bct) high pressure phase transition match the equation of state for Sn determined by x-ray diffraction. This result demonstrates the exciting potential for a wide range of high pressure imaging studies which are now enabled by use of the iteration method to reconstruct 3D tomography data. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726249] C1 [Wang, Junyue; Wang, Steve; Xiao, Xianghui; De Carlo, Francesco] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wang, Junyue; Yang, Wenge] Carnegie Inst Sci, HPSynC, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liu, Yijin] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Mao, Wendy L.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Mao, Wendy L.] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Wang, JY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM junyuewang@gmail.com; wyang@ciw.edu RI Mao, Wendy/D-1885-2009; Yang, Wenge/H-2740-2012; Liu, Yijin/O-2640-2013 OI Liu, Yijin/0000-0002-8417-2488 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 112626 DI 10.1063/1.4726249 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400027 ER PT J AU Washington, AL Teague, LC Duff, MC Burger, A Groza, M Buliga, V AF Washington, Aaron L., II Teague, Lucile C. Duff, Martine C. Burger, Arnold Groza, Michael Buliga, Vladimir TI Wavelength dependence on the space charge collection in CdZnTe detectors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CADMIUM-ZINC-TELLURIDE; GAMMA-RAY DETECTORS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; INTERBAND ABSORPTION; RADIATION DETECTORS; CDTE; LIGHT; CRYSTALS; CONTACTS AB The distribution of the internal electric field in Cd1-xZnxTe (CZT) materials has significant effects on the charge collection ability. Light exposure at various wavelengths is a relatively unexplored process that alters charge collection at the anode contact. The use of multiple wavelengths can target charge carriers at various trap energies and positions throughout the crystal. The controlled illumination increases charge collection by releasing trapped electron and hole carriers in the crystal despite differences in light energy. Our study presents the results from our investigation of the effect of external illumination of CZT on the internal electric field via the Pockels effect. The space charge collection is further analyzed based on location and intensity relative to the specific wavelength of illumination. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4725493] C1 [Washington, Aaron L., II; Teague, Lucile C.; Duff, Martine C.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Burger, Arnold; Groza, Michael; Buliga, Vladimir] Fisk Univ, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Washington, AL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM aaron.washington@srnl.doe.gov NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 113715 DI 10.1063/1.4725493 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400096 ER PT J AU Yu, T Chen, JH Ehm, L Huang, S Guo, QZ Luo, SN Parise, J AF Yu, Tony Chen, Jiuhua Ehm, Lars Huang, Shu Guo, Quanzhong Luo, Sheng-Nian Parise, John TI Study of liquid gallium at high pressure using synchrotron x-ray SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (SMEC) CY MAR 27-APR 02, 2011 CL High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA), Miami, FL SP Florida Int Univ, Ctr Study Matter Extreme Condit (CeSMEC), Florida Int Univ, Coll Engn HO High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA) ID PHASE-TRANSITION; DIFFRACTION; TEMPERATURE; DENSITY; MELTS AB Liquid gallium has been studied at high pressure up to 2 GPa and ambient temperature in a diamond anvil cell using high energy synchrotron x-ray beam. The total x-ray scattering data of liquid gallium were collected up to Q -12 angstrom(-1) and analyzed using pair distribution functions (PDF). The results indicate that the first nearest neighbor peak and second nearest neighbor (shoulder) peak of PDF in liquid gallium does not change with pressure, whereas the higher order (i.e., third and fourth) nearest neighbor peaks shift towards shorter distance with increasing pressure. Reverse Monte Carlo modeling based on the observed data shows that the coordination number in the liquid gallium increases with pressure from 10.5 at 0.3 GPa to 11.6 at 2 GPa. An atomic arrangement similar to the crystalline phase of Ga(II) with coordination number of 12 is proposed for the locally dense-packed rigid unit in liquid gallium. The volume compression data derived from the structure modeling yield a bulk modulus of 12.1(6) GPa for liquid gallium. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726256] C1 [Yu, Tony; Chen, Jiuhua; Ehm, Lars; Guo, Quanzhong; Parise, John] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Chen, Jiuhua; Huang, Shu] Florida Int Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Ctr Study Matters Extreme Condit, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Ehm, Lars] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Luo, Sheng-Nian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Yu, T (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RI Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010 OI Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 112629 DI 10.1063/1.4726256 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400030 ER PT J AU Yu, XH Zhang, JZ Zhang, YY Wang, LP Zhao, YS AF Yu, Xiaohui Zhang, Jianzhong Zhang, Yingying Wang, Liping Zhao, Yusheng TI Comparative studies of yield strength and elastic compressibility between nanocrystalline and bulk cobalt SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE; NICKEL; DEFORMATION; DIAMOND; ALLOYS; COPPER; THERMOMECHANICS; EQUATION AB Comparative studies of yield strength and elastic compressibility between nanocrystalline and bulk cobalt were conducted using synchrotron x-ray diffraction under tri-axial pressure loading-unloading conditions. Relative to micron Co, nano Co exhibits higher flow stress (2.9GPa compared with 2.1GPa in micro Co), extra degree of strain-induced peak broadening during loading yet a better strain recoverability after unloading. These observations suggest different deformation mechanisms with intergranular strains dominated in nano Co and intragranular strains in micron Co. The determined bulk modulus for nano Co is 216 GPa, similar to 17% higher than that of micron Co (185 GPa). This finding supports a generalized model of nanocrystals with pre-compressed surface layers and indicates that the grain-size induced elastic strengthening and weakening are primarily determined by the nature of internal stress (compressed vs. tensile) present in the surface layer of a nanocrystal. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4724338] C1 [Yu, Xiaohui; Zhang, Jianzhong; Zhao, Yusheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhang, Yingying] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wang, Liping; Zhao, Yusheng] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Wang, Liping; Zhao, Yusheng] Univ Nevada, High Pressure Sci & Engn Ctr HiPSEC, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Yu, XH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM xiaohui@lanl.gov; yusheng.zhao@unlv.edu RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Zhang, Yingying/A-7260-2009; OI Zhang, Yingying/0000-0002-8448-3059; Zhang, Jianzhong/0000-0001-5508-1782 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 113506 DI 10.1063/1.4724338 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400054 ER PT J AU Zhang, SJ Zhang, JL Yu, XH Zhu, J Kong, PP Feng, SM Liu, QQ Yang, LX Wang, XC Cao, LZ Yang, WG Wang, L Mao, HK Zhao, YS Liu, HZ Dai, X Fang, Z Zhang, SC Jin, CQ AF Zhang, S. J. Zhang, J. L. Yu, X. H. Zhu, J. Kong, P. P. Feng, S. M. Liu, Q. Q. Yang, L. X. Wang, X. C. Cao, L. Z. Yang, W. G. Wang, L. Mao, H. K. Zhao, Y. S. Liu, H. Z. Dai, X. Fang, Z. Zhang, S. C. Jin, C. Q. TI The comprehensive phase evolution for Bi2Te3 topological compound as function of pressure SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions (SMEC) CY MAR 27-APR 02, 2011 CL High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA), Miami, FL SP Florida Int Univ, Ctr Study Matter Extreme Condit (CeSMEC), Florida Int Univ, Coll Engn HO High Pressure Sci Soc Amer (HiPSSA) ID HGTE QUANTUM-WELLS; SINGLE DIRAC CONE; INDUCED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SPIN; INSULATOR; TRANSITION; SURFACE AB The recently discovered three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Te3 is studied as function of pressure in terms of crystal structures, resistance, and Hall coefficient. The superconductivity is found in phase I (ambient phase) Bi2Te3 with T-c similar to 3 K, which is related to the topological features. The evolution of crystal structure with pressure is investigated by high pressure synchrotron radiation experiments that reveal structural transitions occurring at about 8 GPa, 13 GPa, and 16 GPa, respectively. Furthermore, the high pressure phases of Bi2Te3 are also superconducting but with much higher T-c similar to 8 K. The superconducting transitions are compared with those for Bi, Te elements. A global phase diagram of Bi2Te3 as function of pressure up to 30 GPa is obtained. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4726258] C1 [Zhang, S. J.; Zhang, J. L.; Yu, X. H.; Zhu, J.; Kong, P. P.; Feng, S. M.; Liu, Q. Q.; Yang, L. X.; Wang, X. C.; Dai, X.; Fang, Z.; Jin, C. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Zhang, J. L.; Cao, L. Z.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Yu, X. H.; Liu, H. Z.] Harbin Inst Technol, Nat Sci Res Ctr, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Yang, W. G.; Wang, L.; Mao, H. K.] Carnegie Inst Sci, HPSynC, Geophys Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yang, W. G.; Wang, L.; Mao, H. K.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zhao, Y. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhao, Y. S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, HiPSEC, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Zhang, S. C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Jin, CQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM JIN@iphy.ac.cn RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; WANG, LIN/G-7884-2012; Yang, Wenge/H-2740-2012; Liu, Haozhe/E-6169-2011; Zhang, Shou-Cheng/B-2794-2010; Mao, Hokwang/K-8013-2013; Fang, Zhong/D-4132-2009 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 112630 DI 10.1063/1.4726258 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400031 ER PT J AU Zinin, PV Ming, LC Ishii, HA Jia, R Acosta, T Hellebrand, E AF Zinin, P. V. Ming, L. C. Ishii, H. A. Jia, R. Acosta, T. Hellebrand, E. TI Phase transition in BCx system under high-pressure and high-temperature: Synthesis of cubic dense BC3 nanostructured phase SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; DOPED DIAMOND; BORON; SUPERHARD; GRAPHITE; BC2N; EELS; SPECTRUM; CARBONS AB We synthesized a cubic BC3 (c-BC3) phase, by direct transformation from graphitic phases at a pressure of 39 GPa and temperature of 2200 K in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. A combination of x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements lead us to conclude that the obtained phase is hetero-nano-diamond, c-BC3. High-resolution TEM imaging of the c-BC3 specimen recovered at ambient conditions demonstrates that the c-BC3 is a single, uniform, nanocrystalline phase with a grain size of about 3-5 nm. The EELS measurements show that the atoms inside the cubic structure are bonded by sp(3) bonds. The zero-pressure lattice parameter of the c-BC3 calculated from diffraction peaks was found to be a = 3.589 +/- 0.007 angstrom. The composition of the c-BC3 is determined from EELS measurements. The ratio of carbon to boron, C/B, is approximately 3 (2.8 +/- 0.7). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4723275] C1 [Zinin, P. V.; Ming, L. C.; Jia, R.; Acosta, T.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Ishii, H. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hellebrand, E.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Zinin, PV (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM zinin@soest.hawaii.edu RI Hellebrand, Eric/L-2898-2013; Zinin, Pavel/F-9434-2014 OI Zinin, Pavel/0000-0002-5816-8792 NR 62 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 6 U2 50 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 11 AR 114905 DI 10.1063/1.4723275 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 960PW UT WOS:000305401400166 ER PT J AU Chen, F Falta, RW Murdoch, LC AF Chen, Fei Falta, Ronald W. Murdoch, Lawrence C. TI Numerical analysis of contaminant removal from fractured rock during boiling SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fractured rock; Chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOC); Thermal remediation; TMVOC; MINC ID MULTIPHASE TRACER TRANSPORT; NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUIDS; HEAT-PULSE METHOD; POROUS-MEDIA; STEAM-INJECTION; GEOTHERMAL-RESERVOIRS; GEOLOGIC MEDIA; SOIL; SIMULATION; REMEDIATION AB A multiphase heat transfer numerical model is used to simulate a laboratory experiment of contaminant removal at boiling temperatures from a rock core representing the matrix adjacent to a fracture. The simulated temperature, condensate production, contaminant and bromide concentrations are similar to experimental data. A key observation from the experiment and simulation is that boiling out approximately 1/2 pore volume (50 mL) of water results in the removal of essentially 100% of the dissolved volatile contaminant (1,2-DCA). A field-scale simulation using the multiple interacting continua (MINC) discretization approach is conducted to illustrate possible applications of thermal remediation of fractured geologic media, assuming uniform heating. The results show that after 28% of the pore water (including both steam vapor and liquid water) was extracted, and essentially all the 1,2-DCA mass (more than 99%) was removed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chen, Fei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chen, Fei; Falta, Ronald W.; Murdoch, Lawrence C.] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Chen, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fei.chen@lbl.gov RI Chen, Fei/G-5444-2014 FU Strategic Environmental and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1553] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Strategic Environmental and Development Program (SERDP) through the Project ER-1553. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 134 BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.04.004 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 964BD UT WOS:000305667800002 PM 22579665 ER PT J AU Tan, ZF Zhang, HJ Xu, J Wang, JH Yu, C Zhang, JL AF Tan, Zhongfu Zhang, Huijuan Xu, Jun Wang, Jianhui Yu, Chao Zhang, Jinliang TI Photovoltaic Power Generation in China: Development Potential, Benefits of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Photovoltaic; Generation cost; Wholesale price; Energy conservation and emission reduction AB Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is a significant way to deal with the energy crisis and protect the environment both in China and overseas. On the basis of analysis of the four factors that impact the development of China's PV power generation, including solar-energy resources in China, PV industry conditions, research and development of solar-cell technology, and related PV policies, the prospects and development potential of PV power generation in China are discussed. Using actual data on China's PV power generation, the cost of PV modules and the potential decrease in the initial investment required to establish PV systems are analyzed, and the declining trends in the generation cost and purchase price of PV power in China are estimated. The economic feasibility of PV power generation is studied by comparing the trends of generation costs for PV and thermal power. Finally, the energy conservation and emission reduction benefits of PV power generation are analyzed. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000062. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Tan, Zhongfu; Zhang, Huijuan; Xu, Jun; Yu, Chao; Zhang, Jinliang] N China Elect Power Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tan, Zhongfu; Wang, Jianhui] Shanghai Univ Elect Power, Sch Econ & Management, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, HJ (reprint author), N China Elect Power Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM zhanghuijuan1213@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [71071053] FX The work described in this paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant No. 71071053. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 22 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9402 J9 J ENERG ENG-ASCE JI J. Energy Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 2012 VL 138 IS 2 SI SI BP 73 EP 86 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000062 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 952WU UT WOS:000304826500006 ER PT J AU Stadler, M Marnay, C Kloess, M Cardoso, G Mendes, G Siddiqui, A Sharma, R Megel, O Lai, J AF Stadler, M. Marnay, C. Kloess, M. Cardoso, G. Mendes, G. Siddiqui, A. Sharma, R. Megel, O. Lai, J. TI Optimal Planning and Operation of Smart Grids with Electric Vehicle Interconnection SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Carbon emissions; Combined heat and power; Commercial buildings; Distributed energy resources; Electric vehicle; Load shifting; Microgrid; Optimization; Smart grid; Storage technologies ID MICROGRIDS AB Connection of electric storage technologies to smart grids will have substantial implications for building energy systems. Local storage will enable demand response. When connected to buildings, mobile storage devices, such as electric vehicles (EVs), are in competition with conventional stationary sources at the building. These EVs can change the financial and environmental attractiveness of on-site generation [e. g., photovoltaic (PV) or fuel cells (FCs)]. To examine the effect of EVs on building energy costs and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a distributed-energy resources adoption problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program with minimization of annual building energy costs or CO2 emissions and solved for 2020 technology assumptions. The mixed-integer linear program is applied to a set of 139 different commercial buildings in California, and example results and the aggregated economic and environmental benefits are reported. Special constraints for the available PV, solar thermal, and EV parking lots at the commercial buildings are considered. The research shows that EV batteries can be used to reduce utility-related energy costs at the smart grid or commercial building due to arbitrage of energy between buildings with different tariffs. However, putting more emphasis on CO2 emissions makes stationary storage more attractive, and stationary storage capacities increase, whereas the attractiveness of EVs decreases. The limited availability of EVs at the commercial building decreases the attractiveness of EVs, and if PV is chosen by the optimization, then it is mostly used to charge the stationary storage at the commercial building and not the EVs connected to the building. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000070. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Siddiqui, A.] UCL, London, England. [Siddiqui, A.] Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Stadler, M.; Marnay, C.; Kloess, M.; Lai, J.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stadler, M.] Ctr Energy & Innovat Technol, Hofamt Priel, Austria. [Kloess, M.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Cardoso, G.; Mendes, G.] Inst Super Tecn, MIT Portugal Program, Lisbon, Portugal. [Sharma, R.] NEC Labs Amer Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. [Megel, O.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Siddiqui, A (reprint author), UCL, London, England. EM MStadler@lbl.gov; ChrisMarnay@lbl.gov; Kloess@eeg.tuwien.ac.at; Goncalo.cardoso@ist.utl.pt; Goncalo.P.Mendes@ist.utl.pt; Afzal@stats.ac.ucl.uk; Ratnesh@sv.nec-labs.com; Olivier.Megel@epfl.ch; JLai@lbl.gov OI Mendes, Goncalo/0000-0001-9309-0110 FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NEC Laboratories America Inc. FX The work described in this paper was funded by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Distributed Energy Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by NEC Laboratories America Inc. We also want to thank Professor Dr. Tomas Gomez and Ilan Momber for their very valuable contributions to previous versions of DER-CAM. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 50 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9402 J9 J ENERG ENG-ASCE JI J. Energy Eng.-ASCE PD JUN PY 2012 VL 138 IS 2 SI SI BP 95 EP 108 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000070 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 952WU UT WOS:000304826500008 ER PT J AU Stanley, SJ Lennox, K Farfan, EB Coleman, JR Adamovics, J Thomas, A Oldham, M AF Stanley, S. J. Lennox, K. Farfan, E. B. Coleman, J. R. Adamovics, J. Thomas, A. Oldham, M. TI Locating, quantifying and characterising radiation hazards in contaminated nuclear facilities using a novel passive non-electrical polymer based radiation imaging device SO JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID 3D DOSIMETRY SYSTEM; DETECTOR AB This paper provides a summary of recent trials which took place at the US Department of Energy Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) during December 2010. The overall objective for the trials was to demonstrate that a newly developed technology could be used to locate, quantify and characterise the radiological hazards within two separate ORNL hot cells (B and C). The technology used, known as RadBall (R), is a novel, passive, non-electrical polymer based radiation detection device which provides a 3D visualisation of radiation from areas where effective measurements have not been previously possible due to lack of access. This is particularly useful in the nuclear industry prior to the decommissioning of facilities where the quantity, location and type of contamination are often unknown. For hot cell B, the primary objective of demonstrating that the technology could be used to locate, quantify and characterise three radiological sources was met with 100% success. Despite more challenging conditions in hot cell C, two sources were detected and accurately located. To summarise, the technology performed extremely well with regards to detecting and locating radiation sources and, despite the challenging conditions, moderately well when assessing the relative energy and intensity of those sources. Due to the technology's unique deployability, non-electrical nature and its directional awareness the technology shows significant promise for the future characterisation of radiation hazards prior to and during the decommissioning of contaminated nuclear facilities. C1 [Stanley, S. J.; Lennox, K.] Natl Nucl Lab, Warrington WA3 6AE, Cheshire, England. [Farfan, E. B.; Coleman, J. R.] SRS, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Adamovics, J.] Heuris Pharma Llc, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Thomas, A.; Oldham, M.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Stanley, SJ (reprint author), Natl Nucl Lab, Chadwick House,Warrington Rd,Birchwood Pk, Warrington WA3 6AE, Cheshire, England. EM sjs20@nnl.co.uk FU US Department of Energy-Office of Environmental Management [EM-44] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the following organisations: the UK's National Nuclear Laboratory for investing in the development of the technology; the US Department of Energy-Office of Environmental Management (EM-44) for providing funding to test and validate the technology; Savannah River National Laboratory for supporting the NNL during the recent trials ORNL trials; Duke Medical University for providing the optical CT scanning system during the trials as well as Heuris Pharma for providing the radiation sensitive polymers used during the trials. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0952-4746 J9 J RADIOL PROT JI J. Radiol. Prot. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 2 BP 131 EP 145 DI 10.1088/0952-4746/32/2/131 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 960PP UT WOS:000305400700002 PM 22555190 ER PT J AU Chen, SY Tenforde, TS AF Chen, S. Y. Tenforde, Thomas S. TI Optimizing decision making for late-phase recovery one year after the Fukushima nuclear accident SO JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION LA English DT Letter C1 [Chen, S. Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Tenforde, Thomas S.] Natl Council Radiat Protect & Measurements, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Chen, SY (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sychen@anl.gov; tenforde@NCRPonline.org NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0952-4746 J9 J RADIOL PROT JI J. Radiol. Prot. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 2 BP 191 EP 192 DI 10.1088/0952-4746/32/2/L01 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 960PP UT WOS:000305400700008 PM 22674029 ER PT J AU Collett, TS Boswell, R AF Collett, Timothy S. Boswell, Ray TI Resource and hazard implications of gas hydrates in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Results of the 2009 Joint Industry Project Leg II Drilling Expedition Preface SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Collett, TS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM tcollett@usgs.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.01.002 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700001 ER PT J AU Boswell, R Collett, TS Frye, M Shedd, W McConnell, DR Shelander, D AF Boswell, Ray Collett, Timothy S. Frye, Matthew Shedd, William McConnell, Daniel R. Shelander, Dianna TI Subsurface gas hydrates in the northern Gulf of Mexico SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gas Hydrate; Northern Gulf of Mexico ID ALAMINOS CANYON 21; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; METHANE HYDRATE; DEEP-WATER; RESOURCE; WELL; ACCUMULATIONS; EXPLORATION; CALIBRATION AB The northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) has long been a focus area for the study of gas hydrates. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, work focused on massive gas hydrates deposits that were found to form at and near the seafloor in association with hydrocarbon seeps. However, as global scientific and industrial interest in assessment of the drilling hazards and resource implications of gas hydrate accelerated, focus shifted to understanding the nature and abundance of "buried" gas hydrates. Through 2005, despite the drilling of more than 1200 oil and gas industry wells through the gas hydrate stability zone, published evidence of significant sub-seafloor gas hydrate in the GoM was lacking. A 2005 drilling program by the GoM Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project (the JIP) provided an initial confirmation of the occurrence of gas hydrates below the GoM seafloor. In 2006, release of data from a 2003 industry well in Alaminos Canyon 818 provided initial documentation of gas hydrate occurrence at high concentrations in sand reservoirs in the GoM. From 2006 to 2008, the JIP facilitated the integration of geophysical and geological data to identify sites prospective for gas hydrate-bearing sands, culminating in the recommendation of numerous drilling targets within four sites spanning a range of typical deepwater settings. Concurrent with, but independent of, the JIP prospecting effort, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) conducted a preliminary assessment of the GoM gas hydrate petroleum system, resulting in an estimate of 607 trillion cubic meters (21,444 trillion cubic feet) gas-in-place of which roughly one-third occurs at expected high concentrations in sand reservoirs. In 2009, the JIP drilled seven wells at three sites, discovering gas hydrate at high saturation in sand reservoirs in four wells and suspected gas hydrate at low to moderate saturations in two other wells. These results provide an initial confirmation of the complex nature and occurrence of gas hydrate-bearing sands in the GoM, the efficacy of the integrated geological/geophysical prospecting approach used to identify the JIP drilling sites, and the relevance of the 2008 BOEM assessment. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. [Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Frye, Matthew] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, Herndon, VA USA. [Shedd, William] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans, LA USA. [McConnell, Daniel R.] AOA Geophys, Houston, TX USA. [Shelander, Dianna] Schlumberger, Houston, TX USA. RP Boswell, R (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. EM ray.boswell@netl.doe.gov OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967 NR 97 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 9 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 4 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.10.003 PG 27 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700002 ER PT J AU Shedd, W Boswell, R Frye, M Godfriaux, P Kramer, K AF Shedd, William Boswell, Ray Frye, Matthew Godfriaux, Paul Kramer, Kody TI Occurrence and nature of "bottom simulating reflectors" in the northern Gulf of Mexico SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bottom simulating reflectors; Gas hydrates; Gulf of Mexico; Seafloor anomalies ID GAS-HYDRATE HORIZONS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; VELOCITY; BASINS; SEA AB Subsurface interpretation, utilizing a database of more than 450,000 km(2) (175,000 mi(2)) of three-dimensional (3-D) seismic in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM), reveals 145 discrete areas, totaling 4450 km(2) (1.1 million acres) where the base of gas hydrate stability (BGHS) can be confidently inferred from seismic data. Unlike many other areas of the world, the majority of these features are not Bottom Simulating Reflectors (BSRs) in the "classic" sense, meaning continuous coherent events that cross-cut primary stratigraphy. Those typical, or continuous BSRs, are noted in only 24% of the features identified within this study. In contrast, the most common seismic manifestation of the BGHS in the GoM (59%) is the discontinuous "BSR", delineated by widely separated anomalous seismic events that align in general conformance with seafloor bathymetry. A third type of seismic feature, pluming "BSRs", are continuous events that are not bottom-simulating, but are bowed toward the seafloor and represent areas where large, but areally-limited increases in heat flow (linked to strong vertical fluid flux), perturb the BGHS. The limited nature of continuous BSRs and the relative abundance of discontinuous and pluming forms are attributed to the strong lithologic and structural heterogeneity of the northern GoM basin. This lithologic and structural complexity has served to disrupt and localize regionally pervasive and homogeneous gas flux that is consistent with the formation of large, continuous BSRs noted across other less complex continental margins. The various BSR forms identified in this study are shown to be closely associated (125 of 145) with the occurrence of seafloor amplitude anomalies, which are in turn usually associated with the flanks and crests of salt-cored ridges. These associations are interpreted to reflect the co-dependence of BSRs and seafloor reflectivity along the migration pathways that typify this geologic setting. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shedd, William; Godfriaux, Paul; Kramer, Kody] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans, LA 70123 USA. [Frye, Matthew] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, Herndon, VA USA. [Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Shedd, W (reprint author), US Bur Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans, LA 70123 USA. EM william.shedd@boemre.gov OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967 NR 32 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.08.005 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700003 ER PT J AU Boswell, R Frye, M Shelander, D Shedd, W McConnelle, DR Cook, A AF Boswell, Ray Frye, Matthew Shelander, Dianna Shedd, William McConnelle, Daniel R. Cook, Ann TI Architecture of gas-hydrate-bearing sands from Walker Ridge 313, Green Canyon 955, and Alaminos Canyon 21: Northern deepwater Gulf of Mexico SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gas hydrates; Gulf of Mexico; Pleistocene sands; Reservoir architecture ID FACIES AB Logging-while-drilling data acquired during the 2009 Gulf of Mexico (GoM) Gas Hydrate joint Industry Project Leg II program combined with features observed in seismic data allow assessment of the depositional environment, geometry, and internal architecture of gas-hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs from three sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM): Walker Ridge 313, Alaminos Canyon 21, and Green Canyon 955. The site descriptions assist in the understanding of the geological development of gas-hydrate-bearing sands and in the assessment of their energy production potential. Three sand-rich units are described from the Walker Ridge site, including multiple ponded sand-bodies representing turbidite channel and associated levee and terminal lobe environments within the Terrebonne basin on the lower slope of the GoM. Older units display fewer but greater-reservoir-quality channel and proximal levee facies as compared to thinner, more continuous, and unconfined sheet-like sands that characterize the younger units, suggesting a decrease in depositional gradient with time in the basin. The three wells in the Green Canyon 955 site penetrated proximal levee sands within a previously recognized Late Pleistocene basin floor turbidite-channel-levee complex. Reservoirs encountered in GC955 exhibit thin-bedded internal structure and complex fault compartmentalization. Two wells drilled in the Alaminos Canyon 21 site tested a large, shallow, sand unit within the Diana mini-basin that exhibits steep lateral margins, non-sinuous elongate form, and flat base with hummocky upper surface. These features suggest deposition as a mass-transport deposit consisting of remobilized sand-rich turbidites or as a large basin-floor fan that was potentially eroded and buried by later-stage, mud-prone, mass-transport deposits. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. [Frye, Matthew] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, Herndon, VA USA. [Shelander, Dianna] Schlumberger Ltd, Houston, TX USA. [Shedd, William] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans, LA USA. [McConnelle, Daniel R.] AOA Geophys, Houston, TX USA. [Cook, Ann] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. RP Boswell, R (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. EM ray.boswell@netl.doe.gov RI Cook, Ann/D-8798-2013; OI Cook, Ann/0000-0002-5658-0329; Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967 NR 36 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 134 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.08.010 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700011 ER PT J AU Frye, M Shedd, W Boswell, R AF Frye, Matthew Shedd, William Boswell, Ray TI Gas hydrate resource potential in the Terrebonne Basin, Northern Gulf of Mexico SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gas hydrate; Northern Gulf of Mexico; Terrebonne basin; In-place resources ID PROJECT LEG II; GREEN CANYON 955; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; RESERVOIRS; ORIGIN; FACIES; WELL AB The Terrebonne Basin is a salt-withdrawal mini-basin within the northeast portion of the Walker Ridge protraction area in northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope that contains a thick sequence of upper Pliocene and Pleistocene clastic sediment. Data acquired during the 2009 Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II (JIP Leg II) logging-while-drilling (LWD) program confirmed the presence of gas hydrate within a variety of sand and clay units. Integration of the Leg II LWD data with regional seismic mapping allows for the identification of various facies assemblages within the sand units and an initial estimation of the gas hydrate in-place resources throughout the Terrebonne basin. A total of similar to 4.4 x 10(9) m(3) (1.55 x 10(11) ft(3)) of gas occurs within highly saturated gas hydrate accumulations within channel, proximal levee, and distal levee facies of four primary Lower Pleistocene sand reservoirs. These sand accumulations occur at the base of gas hydrate stability and locally trap additional, unquantified accumulations of free gas. A number of additional thin hydrate-bearing sand units are also observed to occur at shallower depths. Potential recoverable volumes from this accumulation compare favorably with those realized from conventional deepwater gas reservoirs in the vicinity. In addition, Leg II LWD data delineated the occurrence of a stratal-bound occurrence of gas hydrate-filled fractures at low bulk volume saturations within a thick, shallow, and predominantly fine-grained unit. This unit is estimated to contain roughly 17.0 x 10(9) m(3) (5.87 x 10(11) ft(3)) of gas. The areal gas hydrate resource density within the Terrebonne basin is calculated at 1.183 x 10(9) m(3) per km(2) where delineated sand reservoirs are present and 0.32 x 10(9) m(3) per km(2) where sands are thought to be absent. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Frye, Matthew] US Bur Ocean Energy Management Regulat & Enforcem, Herndon, VA USA. [Shedd, William] US Bur Ocean Energy Management Regulat & Enforcem, New Orleans, LA USA. [Boswell, Ray] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Frye, M (reprint author), US Bur Ocean Energy Management Regulat & Enforcem, Herndon, VA USA. EM matt.frye@boemre.gov OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967 NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 150 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.08.001 PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700012 ER PT J AU Myshakin, EM Gaddipati, M Rose, K Anderson, BJ AF Myshakin, Evgeniy M. Gaddipati, Manohar Rose, Kelly Anderson, Brian J. TI Numerical simulations of depressurization-induced gas production from gas hydrate reservoirs at the Walker Ridge 313 site, northern Gulf of Mexico SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gas hydrates; 2D and 3D reservoir simulations; Numerical simulations; Marine hydrate deposits; Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrates Joint Industry; Project ID STRATIGRAPHIC TEST WELL; METHANE HYDRATE; SLOPE AB In 2009, the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) Gas Hydrates Joint-Industry-Project (JIP) Leg II drilling program confirmed that gas hydrate occurs at high saturations within reservoir-quality sands in the GOM. A comprehensive logging-while-drilling dataset was collected from seven wells at three sites, including two wells at the Walker Ridge 313 site. By constraining the saturations and thicknesses of hydrate-bearing sands using logging-while-drilling data, two-dimensional (2D), cylindrical, r-z and three-dimensional (3D) reservoir models were simulated. The gas hydrate occurrences inferred from seismic analysis are used to delineate the areal extent of the 3D reservoir models. Numerical simulations of gas production from the Walker Ridge reservoirs were conducted using the depressurization method at a constant bottomhole pressure. Results of these simulations indicate that these hydrate deposits are readily produced, owing to high intrinsic reservoir-quality and their proximity to the base of hydrate stability. The elevated in situ reservoir temperatures contribute to high (5-40 MMscf/day) predicted production rates. The production rates obtained from the 2D and 3D models are in close agreement. To evaluate the effect of spatial dimensions, the 2D reservoir domains were simulated at two outer radii. The results showed increased potential for formation of secondary hydrate and appearance of lag time for production rates as reservoir size increases. Similar phenomena were observed in the 3D reservoir models. The results also suggest that interbedded gas hydrate accumulations might be preferable targets for gas production in comparison with massive deposits. Hydrate in such accumulations can be readily dissociated due to heat supply from surrounding hydrate-free zones. Special cases were considered to evaluate the effect of overburden and underburden permeability on production. The obtained data show that production can be significantly degraded in comparison with a case using impermeable boundaries. The main reason for the reduced productivity is water influx from the surrounding strata; a secondary cause is gas escape into the overburden. The results dictate that in order to reliably estimate production potential, permeability of the surroundings has to be included in a model. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Myshakin, Evgeniy M.; Gaddipati, Manohar; Rose, Kelly; Anderson, Brian J.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Myshakin, Evgeniy M.] URS, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Gaddipati, Manohar; Anderson, Brian J.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Myshakin, EM (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA USA. EM Evgeniy.Myshakin@netl.doe.gov FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's Office of Research and Development [DE-FE0004000, 4000.4.605.261.001] FX E.M., M.G., and B.A. performed this work under contract DE-FE0004000, Subtask 4000.4.605.261.001 in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Office of Research and Development. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 169 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.09.001 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700013 ER PT J AU McConnell, DR Zhang, ZJ Boswell, R AF McConnell, Daniel R. Zhang, Zijian Boswell, Ray TI Review of progress in evaluating gas hydrate drilling hazards SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gas hydrate; Shallow gas; Geohazards; JIP Leg II; GC955; Seismic interpretation ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; BOTTOM-SIMULATING REFLECTORS; GREEN CANYON 955; SEISMIC DATA; BEARING SEDIMENTS; METHANE HYDRATE; UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS; GEOPHYSICAL EVIDENCE; ACCRETIONARY PRISM; ELASTIC PROPERTIES AB Shallow drilling hazard assessment consists of geological/geophysical review of drill sites to enable the avoidance or effective mitigation of problems that can affect the safe drilling of the "top-hole" section of wells. Primary seafloor hazards include infrastructure, hardgrounds, chemosynthetic communities, and areas of high slope or potential seafloor instability. Shallow subsurface hazards include strata that may contain overpressured water, free gas, or gas hydrate. Among these issues, the potential hazards posed by gas hydrate have historically been the most difficult to quantify and constrain. This paper reviews the history of gas hydrate shallow hazard assessment, much of which has been framed by difficulties in remote detection and quantification of typical low-saturation, mud-hosted hydrate occurrences. Recent drilling results indicate that such accumulations can be safely drilled using existing industry protocols. However, assessment of drilling hazards associated with high saturation, sand-hosted hydrates warrant further investigation, and therefore was a key focus of the Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II (JIP Leg II) program conducted in 2009. Pre-drill site hazard assessment for JIP Leg II utilized standard industry methods in which geohazards associated with gas hydrate and free gas were identified in a primarily-qualitative manner using seismic amplitude analysis, seismic stratigraphic interpretation, and geo-pressure analysis. While these methods can reliably detect shallow hydrocarbons, including highly-concentrated gas hydrates, they are not sufficient to determine if free gas may exist below gas hydrate, particularly where they occur in close vertical succession. Such undetected free gas occurrences can pose potential drilling hazards that can be quantitatively assessed using advanced seismic methods. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McConnell, Daniel R.; Zhang, Zijian] Fugro GeoConsulting, Houston, TX USA. [Zhang, Zijian] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Boswell, Ray] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP McConnell, DR (reprint author), Fugro GeoConsulting, Houston, TX USA. EM dmcconnell2@fugro.com OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967 FU AOA Geophysics Inc. FX We thank and acknowledge the many scientists that worked with the Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project that made this study possible. In addition, the authors thank Emrys Jones, who guided the JIP from its start through the JIP Leg II expedition, John Balczewski (Chevron), and the JIP Executive Board. We thank Tim Collett (USGS), for his leadership in all aspects of this expedition. We thank our colleague, Brenda Monsalve, and the other scientists at AOA Geophysics (now Fugro GeoConsulting), for the pre-drill hazards work at WR313 and other sites for the JIP. We especially thank JIP contributor, WesternGeco, for permission to show the data and AOA Geophysics Inc. for the support of this study. The authors thank JIP members Conoco Phillips and Statoil for the permission to describe the hazards studies and outcomes at the Jolliet Field and at GC955. Finally, Dan McConnell thanks Kerry J. Campbell (Fugro GeoConsulting) and Jim Hooper, retired, who provided him insights and early encouragement to think about gas hydrate systems in the Gulf of Mexico. NR 104 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8172 J9 MAR PETROL GEOL JI Mar. Pet. Geol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 1 BP 209 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.02.010 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 960GJ UT WOS:000305375700015 ER PT J AU Lo, CC Xie, G Bonner, CA Jensen, RA AF Lo, Chien-Chi Xie, Gary Bonner, Carol A. Jensen, Roy A. TI The Alternative Translational Profile That Underlies the Immune-Evasive State of Persistence in Chlamydiaceae Exploits Differential Tryptophan Contents of the Protein Repertoire SO MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID AMINO-ACID-COMPOSITION; OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PATHOGEN; TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE; COHESION GROUP-APPROACH; QUORUM-SENSING SYSTEM; III SECRETION SYSTEM; INTERFERON-GAMMA; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; IN-VITRO; ESCHERICHIA-COLI C1 [Bonner, Carol A.; Jensen, Roy A.] Univ Florida, Plant Tissue Culture Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bonner, Carol A.] Univ Florida, Microbiol Lab, Gainesville, FL USA. [Xie, Gary] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Jensen, RA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Plant Tissue Culture Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM xie@lanl.gov; rjensen@ufl.edu OI xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X FU NIH NIDCR [Y1-DE-6006-02]; Taiwan National Science Council [NSC-97-3112-B-010-019] FX This project was partially supported by an NIH NIDCR grant (Y1-DE-6006-02 to G. X. and C.-C. L.). Additional support was provided by Taiwan National Science Council grant NSC-97-3112-B-010-019 to C.-C.L. NR 140 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1092-2172 J9 MICROBIOL MOL BIOL R JI Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 2 BP 405 EP 443 DI 10.1128/MMBR.05013-11 PG 39 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 961ZH UT WOS:000305508000009 PM 22688818 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, SP Aubry, S Dudarev, SL Cai, W AF Fitzgerald, S. P. Aubry, S. Dudarev, S. L. Cai, W. TI Dislocation dynamics simulation of Frank-Read sources in anisotropic alpha-Fe SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS; IRON AB Frank-Read sources are among the most important examples of dislocation sources in crystals, and their operation facilitates dislocation multiplication and hence yield and plastic flow. Iron is known to become highly elastically anisotropic as the alpha-gamma transition at 912 degrees C is approached, a temperature regime of critical importance for emerging technologies such as fusion and next-generation fission power generation. Using dislocation dynamics simulations based on anisotropic linear elasticity theory, we show that the isotropic elastic approximation leads to large errors in the activation stress of Frank-Read sources in iron at high temperatures. The critical stresses obtained from anisotropic elasticity are very different from the isotropic calculations and vary significantly between orientations. In particular, the increased variation of the dislocation energy with orientation leads to certain source configurations becoming operational at very low applied stresses, a result which is incompatible with isotropic elasticity, and is consistent with the very low yield stresses observed experimentally in alpha-Fe at high temperatures. C1 [Fitzgerald, S. P.; Dudarev, S. L.] EURATOM CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Aubry, S.; Cai, W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Aubry, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Fitzgerald, SP (reprint author), EURATOM CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. OI Cai, Wei/0000-0001-5919-8734 FU Army High Performance Computing Research Center at Stanford; European Community under EURATOM; European Community under CCFE; RCUK Energy Programme [EP/I501045]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank Professor D M Barnett for countless stimulating discussions and helpful suggestions, and Mr J Yin for collaboration during work on [11]. S Aubry is supported by the Army High Performance Computing Research Center at Stanford. This work was partly funded by the European Communities under the Contracts of Association between EURATOM and CCFE, and was carried out within the framework of European Fusion Development Agreement. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Work at CCFE was partially funded by the RCUK Energy Programme under Grant No EP/I501045. This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 19 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 AR 045022 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/4/045022 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 961PH UT WOS:000305477800022 ER PT J AU Mendelev, MI AF Mendelev, M. I. TI Molecular dynamics simulation of solidification and devitrification in a one-component system SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; LIQUID; AL; ALLOYS; CU AB A specially designed semi-empirical potential of the Finnis-Sinclair type was used to simulate the phase transformation in a disordered one-component system. The potential provides that the face-centered cubic (fcc) phase is the most stable phase in the system below the melting temperature, T-m; however, the potential does not lead to the fcc nucleation during molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, allowing studying the liquid-glass transformation. The potential also allows studying the fcc-liquid and fcc-glass interface migration. It was found that the liquid-glass transformation described by this potential is of the first order. The Wilson-Frenkel theory of the solid-liquid interface (SLI) migration satisfactory describes the results of the MD simulation in the temperature interval from 0.55 T-m to T-m while the Broughton-Gilmer-Jackson theory is less accurate in describing the temperature dependence of the SLI velocity in the same temperature interval. Below 0.55 T-m, the results of the MD simulation strongly depend on how the disordered phase model was prepared and none of the existing theories is capable of reproducing the temperature dependence of the interface velocity. C1 Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mendelev, MI (reprint author), Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mendelev@ameslab.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; US Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX The author gratefully acknowledges useful discussions with Dr M J Kramer. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The research was performed at the Ames Laboratory. Ames Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 30 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 AR 045014 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/4/045014 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 961PH UT WOS:000305477800014 ER PT J AU Stukowski, A AF Stukowski, Alexander TI Structure identification methods for atomistic simulations of crystalline materials SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NUCLEATION; LIQUIDS AB We discuss existing and new computational analysis techniques to classify local atomic arrangements in large-scale atomistic computer simulations of crystalline solids. This article includes a performance comparison of typical analysis algorithms such as common neighbor analysis (CNA), centrosymmetry analysis, bond angle analysis, bond order analysis and Voronoi analysis. In addition we propose a simple extension to the CNA method that makes it suitable for multi-phase systems. Finally, we introduce a new structure identification algorithm, the neighbor distance analysis, which is designed to identify atomic structure units in grain boundaries. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Stukowski, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM alexander@stukowski.de RI Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011; OI Stukowski, Alexander/0000-0001-6750-3401 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The author thanks Paul Erhart and Tomas Oppelstrup for helpful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 31 TC 154 Z9 154 U1 4 U2 75 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 AR 045021 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/4/045021 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 961PH UT WOS:000305477800021 ER PT J AU Luo, XF Mohanty, B Ritter, HG Xu, N AF Luo, Xiaofeng Mohanty, Bedangadas Ritter, Hans Georg Xu, Nu TI Higher moments of net-proton multiplicity distributions SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID QCD PHASE-DIAGRAM; CRITICAL-POINT; COLLISIONS; FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSITION AB Higher moments of event-by-event net-proton multiplicity distributions have been applied to search for the QCD critical point. Model results are used to provide a baseline for this search. The measured moment products, kappa sigma (2) and S sigma of net-proton distributions, which are directly connected to the thermodynamical baryon number susceptibility ratio in Lattice QCD and Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model, are compared to the transport and thermal model results. We argue that a non-monotonic dependence of kappa sigma (2) and S sigma as a function of beam energy can be used to search for the QCD critical point. C1 [Luo, Xiaofeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Luo, Xiaofeng] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys, Minist Educ, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Luo, Xiaofeng; Ritter, Hans Georg; Xu, Nu] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Mohanty, Bedangadas] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata, India. RP Luo, XF (reprint author), Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan, Peoples R China. EM xfluo@lbl.gov OI Mohanty, Bedangadas/0000-0001-9610-2914 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; National Natural Foundation of China [10835005, 10979003]; Major Basic Research Development Program [2008CB817702]; DAE-BRNS [2010/21/15-BRNS/2026] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC03-76SF00098 and National Natural Foundation of China under Grant no. 10835005, 10979003 and Major Basic Research Development Program (2008CB817702). BM is supported by DAE-BRNS project Sanction no. 2010/21/15-BRNS/2026. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD JUN PY 2012 VL 75 IS 6 BP 676 EP 678 DI 10.1134/S1063778812060348 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 960UG UT WOS:000305416000008 ER PT J AU Randrup, J AF Randrup, J. TI Spinodal phase decomposition with dissipative fluid dynamics SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS AB The spinodal amplification of density fluctuations is treated perturbatively within dissipative fluid dynamics including not only shear and bulk viscosity but also heat conduction, as well as a gradient term in the local pressure. The degree of spinodal amplification is calculated along specific dynamical phase trajectories and the results suggest that the effect can be greatly enhanced by tuning the collision energy so that maximum compression occurs inside the region of spinodal instability. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. EM JRandrup@LBL.gov FU Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We wish to acknowledge helpful discussions with I. L. Iosilevskiy, V. Koch, J. Liao, H. C. Song, and D.N. Voskresensky. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD JUN PY 2012 VL 75 IS 6 BP 764 EP 769 DI 10.1134/S1063778812050195 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 960UG UT WOS:000305416000031 ER PT J AU Zhang, XP AF Zhang Xiaoping CA STAR Collaboration TI The Elliptic Flow of Multi-Strange Hadrons in root S-NN=200 GeV Au + Au Collisions at STAR SO PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE elliptic flow; multi-strange hadrons; number of quark scaling; mass ordering ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; ANISOTROPY; STAR AB Azimuthal anisotropy, especially for the multi-strange hadrons, is expected to be sensitive to the dynamical evolution in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions. In this paper we present the latest results of multi-strange hadron elliptic flow in Au + Au collisions at,root S-NN = 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at RHIC. The number-of-quark scaling is evidenced with phi(s (s) over bar) and Omega(sss) with highly statistical data, which shows strange quark collectivity at RHIC. The nu(2) of phi meson is found to be consistent with that of proton within statistical error bars at p(T) < 1 GeV/c. C1 [Zhang Xiaoping] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang Xiaoping] Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Particle & Radiat Imaging, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang Xiaoping] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, XP (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM xpzhangnju@gmail.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10905029]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [20100480017]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10905029), by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20100480017), and by the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No DE-AC03-76SF00098 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1009-0630 J9 PLASMA SCI TECHNOL JI Plasma Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 DI 10.1088/1009-0630/14/6/02 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 961OI UT WOS:000305474800002 ER PT J AU Watanabe, S Datta-Gupta, A AF Watanabe, Shingo Datta-Gupta, Akhil TI Use of Phase Streamlines for Covariance Localization in Ensemble Kalman Filter for Three-Phase History Matching SO SPE RESERVOIR EVALUATION & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID DATA ASSIMILATION; ERROR; SIMULATION; FIELD AB The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) has gained increased popularity for history matching and continuous reservoir-model updating. It is a sequential Monte Carlo approach that works with an ensemble of reservoir models. Specifically, the method uses cross covariance between measurements and model parameters estimated from the ensemble. For practical field applications, the ensemble size needs to be kept small for computational efficiency. However, this leads to poor approximations of the cross covariance and can cause loss of geologic realism from unrealistic model updates outside the region of the data influence and/or loss of variance leading to ensemble collapse. A common approach to remedy the situation is to limit the influence of the data through covariance localization. In this paper, we show that for three-phase-flow conditions, the region of covariance localization strongly depends on the underlying flow dynamics as well as on the particular data type that is being assimilated, for example, water cut or gas/oil ratio (GOR). This makes the traditional distance-based localizations suboptimal and, often, ineffective. Instead, we propose the use of water- and gas-phase streamlines as a means for covariance localization for water-cut- and GOR-data assimilation. The phase streamlines can be computed on the basis of individual-phase velocities which are readily available after flow simulation. Unlike the total velocity streamlines, phase streamlines can be discontinuous. We show that the discontinuities in water-phase and gas-phase streamlines naturally define the region of influence for water-cut and GOR data and provide a flow-relevant covariance localization during EnKF updating. We first demonstrate the validity of the proposed localization approach using a waterflood example in a quarter-five-spot pattern. Specifically, we compare the phase streamline trajectories with cross-covariance maps computed using an ensemble size of 2,000 for both water-cut and GOR data. The results show a close correspondence between the time evolution of phase streamlines and the cross-covariance maps of water-cut and GOR data. A benchmark uncertainty quantification (the PUNQ-S3) (Carter 2007) model application shows that our proposed localization outperforms the distance-based localization method. The updated models show improved forecasts while preserving geologic realism. C1 [Watanabe, Shingo; Datta-Gupta, Akhil] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Datta-Gupta, Akhil] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Watanabe, S (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. FU Model Calibration and Efficient Reservoir Imaging; Texas A&M University Brazos High Performance Computing (HPC) cluster FX The authors acknowledge the sponsors of Model Calibration and Efficient Reservoir Imaging and the Texas A&M University Brazos High Performance Computing (HPC) cluster that contributed to the research reported here. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1094-6470 J9 SPE RESERV EVAL ENG JI SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 3 BP 273 EP 289 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Geology GA 961BU UT WOS:000305439700001 ER PT J AU Warren, JM Iversen, CM Garten, CT Norby, RJ Childs, J Brice, D Evans, RM Gu, L Thornton, P Weston, DJ AF Warren, J. M. Iversen, C. M. Garten, C. T., Jr. Norby, R. J. Childs, J. Brice, D. Evans, R. M. Gu, L. Thornton, P. Weston, D. J. TI Timing and magnitude of C partitioning through a young loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stand using C-13 labeling and shade treatments SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon allocation; carbon partitioning; (CO2)-C-13; loblolly pine; Pinus taeda; respiration; shade; soil CO2 efflux ID SOIL CO2 EFFLUX; CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; BELOW-GROUND CARBON; HIGH TEMPORAL RESOLUTION; FINE-ROOT DYNAMICS; TEMPERATE FOREST; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; VIRGINIA PIEDMONT; RESPIRATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB The dynamics of rapid changes in carbon (C) partitioning within forest ecosystems are not well understood, which limits improvement of mechanistic models of C cycling. Our objective was to inform model processes by describing relationships between C partitioning and accessible environmental or physiological measurements, with a special emphasis on short-term C flux through a forest ecosystem. We exposed eight 7-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees to air enriched with (CO2)-C-13 and then implemented adjacent light shade (LS) and heavy shade (HS) treatments in order to manipulate C uptake and flux. The impacts of shading on photosynthesis, plant water potential, sap flow, basal area growth, root growth and soil CO2 efflux rate (CER) were assessed for each tree over a 3-week period. The progression of the C-13 label was concurrently tracked from the atmosphere through foliage, phloem, roots and surface soil CO2 efflux. The HS treatment significantly reduced C uptake, sap flow, stem growth and fine root standing crop, and resulted in greater residual soil water content to 1 m depth. Soil CER was strongly correlated with sap flow on the previous day, but not the current day, with no apparent treatment effect on the relationship. Although there were apparent reductions in new C flux belowground, the HS treatment did not noticeably reduce the magnitude of belowground autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration based on surface soil CER, which was overwhelmingly driven by soil temperature and moisture. The C-13 label was immediately detected in foliage on label day (half-life = 0.5 day), progressed through phloem by Day 2 (half-life = 4.7 days), roots by Days 2-4, and subsequently was evident as respiratory release from soil which peaked between Days 3 and 6. The delta C-13 of soil CO2 efflux was strongly correlated with phloem delta C-13 on the previous day, or 2 days earlier. While the C-13 label was readily tracked through the ecosystem, the fate of root C through respiratory, mycorrhizal or exudative release pathways was not assessed. These data detail the timing and relative magnitude of C flux through various components of a young pine stand in relation to environmental conditions. C1 [Warren, J. M.; Iversen, C. M.; Garten, C. T., Jr.; Norby, R. J.; Childs, J.; Brice, D.; Gu, L.; Thornton, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Weston, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Evans, R. M.] Univ Tennessee, Forest Resources Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Warren, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM warrenjm@ornl.gov RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Thornton, Peter/B-9145-2012; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Thornton, Peter/0000-0002-4759-5158; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 74 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 6 SI SI BP 799 EP 813 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpr129 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 962XY UT WOS:000305585000013 PM 22210530 ER PT J AU Page, RC Xu, Z Amick, J Nix, JC Misra, S AF Page, Richard C. Xu, Zhen Amick, Joseph Nix, Jay C. Misra, Saurav TI Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of the Bag2 amino-terminal domain from Mus musculus SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bag2; selenomethionine; SAD phasing ID PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE; COCHAPERONE BAG2; PREDICTION; SECONDARY; QUALITY; HSP70; CHIP; DEGRADATION; CHAPERONES AB Bag2, an atypical member of the Bag family of Hsp70 co-chaperones, acts as both an Hsp70 nucleotide-exchange factor and an inhibitor of the Hsp70-binding E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP (carboxyl-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein). The amino-terminal domain of Bag2 (Bag2-NTD), which is required for inhibition of CHIP, has no sequence homologs in the PDB. Native and selenomethionyl (SeMet) forms of Bag2-NTD were crystallized by hanging-drop vapor diffusion. Native Bag2-NTD crystals diffracted to 2.27 angstrom resolution and belonged to space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 75.5, b = 84.7, c = 114.1 angstrom. SeMet Bag2-NTD crystals diffracted to 3.10 angstrom resolution and belonged to space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 37.2, b = 53.3, c = 86.7 angstrom. Phases for the SeMet Bag2-NTD crystal were solved by single-wavelength anomalous diffraction. Initial phasing and model building using the 3.10 angstrom resolution SeMet Bag2-NTD data set suggested that Bag2-NTD forms a dimer and adopts a fold distinct from those of any domains annotated in the Pfam or SMART domain databases. C1 [Page, Richard C.; Amick, Joseph; Misra, Saurav] Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Mol Cardiol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Xu, Zhen] Blood Ctr Wisconsin, Blood Res Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Nix, Jay C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biol Consortium, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Page, RC (reprint author), Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Mol Cardiol, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM pager2@ccf.org; misras@ccf.org OI Misra, Saurav/0000-0002-1385-8554; Page, Richard/0000-0002-3006-3171 FU US National Institutes of Health [RO1-GM080271]; National Institutes of Health Public Health Service [T32 HL007914]; US Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the US National Institutes of Health (grant RO1-GM080271 to SM). RCP was supported by National Institutes of Health Public Health Service Kirschstein National Research Service Award Postdoctoral Fellowship T32 HL007914. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 68 BP 647 EP 651 DI 10.1107/S1744309112013267 PN 6 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 956EU UT WOS:000305073600008 PM 22684061 ER PT J AU Gu, Y Wang, C Russell, TP AF Gu, Yu Wang, Cheng Russell, Thomas P. TI Multi-Length-Scale Morphologies in PCPDTBT/PCBM Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE additives; multi-length-scale morphologies; solar cells; low bandgap polymers; active layer ID INTERPENETRATING NETWORK; SOLVENT ADDITIVES; ALKANE DITHIOLS; EFFICIENCY AB Additives are known to improve the performance of organic photovoltaic devices based on mixtures of a low bandgap polymer, poly[2,6-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']-dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The evolution of the morphology during the evaporation of the mixed solvent, which comprises additive and chlorobenzene (CB), is investigated by in-situ grazing incidence X-ray scattering, providing insight into the key role the additive plays in developing a multi-length-scale morphology. Provided the additive has a higher vapor pressure and a selective solubility for PCBM, as the host solvent (CB) evaporates, the mixture of the primary solvent and additive becomes less favorable for the PCPDTBT, while completely solubilizing the PCBM. During this process, the PCPDTBT first crystallizes into fibrils and then the PCBM, along with the remaining PCPDTBT, is deposited, forming a phase-separated morphology comprising domains of pure, crystalline PCPDTBT fibrils and another domain that is a PCBM-rich mixture with amorphous PCPDTBT. X-ray/neutron scattering and diffraction methods, in combination with UVvis absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, are used to determine the crystallinity and phase separation of the resultant PCPDTBT/PCBM thin films processed with or without additives. Additional thermal annealing is carried out and found to change the packing of the PCPDTBT. The two factors, degree of crystallinity and degree of phase separation, control the multi-length-scale morphology of the thin films and significantly influence device performance. C1 [Gu, Yu; Russell, Thomas P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Wang, Cheng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Russell, Thomas P.] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Russell, TP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM russell@mail.pse.umass.edu RI Wang, Cheng /E-7399-2012; Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014 FU Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-PS02-08ER15944]; NSF [DMR-0820506]; World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan; Advanced Light Source, Berkeley National Laboratory; DOE, Office of Science; DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy supported Energy Frontier Research Center at the University of Massachusetts (T.P.R., Y.G.; DOE DE-PS02-08ER15944) and the NSF-supported Materials Research Science and Engineering Center at the University of Massachusetts (Y.G.; DMR-0820506).; T.P.R's work was supported, in part, by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this work. Portions of this research (C. W.) were carried out and supported by the Advanced Light Source, Berkeley National Laboratory, which was supported by the DOE, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 26 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 6 U2 124 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 683 EP 690 DI 10.1002/aenm.201100726 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 957QY UT WOS:000305179000011 ER PT J AU Mishra, PK Vesselinov, VV Kuhlman, KL AF Mishra, Phoolendra K. Vesselinov, Velimir V. Kuhlman, Kristopher L. TI Saturated-unsaturated flow in a compressible leaky-unconfined aquifer SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Unconfined aquifer; Aquitard; Leakage; Wellbore storage; Unsaturated zone; Laplace-Hankel transform ID PUMPING-INDUCED LEAKAGE; SEMIANALYTICAL SOLUTION; WATER-TABLE; WELL; APPLICABILITY; DRAWDOWN; EQUATION; YIELD AB An analytical solution is developed for three-dimensional flow towards a partially penetrating large-diameter well in an unconfined aquifer bounded below by a leaky aquitard of finite or semi-infinite extent. The analytical solution is derived using Laplace and Hankel transforms, then inverted numerically. Existing solutions for flow in leaky unconfined aquifers neglect the unsaturated zone following an assumption of instantaneous drainage due to Neuman. We extend the theory of leakage in unconfined aquifers by (1) including water flow and storage in the unsaturated zone above the water table, and (2) allowing the finite-diameter pumping well to partially penetrate the aquifer. The investigation of model-predicted results shows that aquitard leakage leads to significant departure from the unconfined solution without leakage. The investigation of dimensionless time-drawdown relationships shows that the aquitard drawdown also depends on unsaturated zone properties and the pumping-well wellbore storage effects. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mishra, Phoolendra K.; Vesselinov, Velimir V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kuhlman, Kristopher L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Repository Performance Dept, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Mishra, PK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pkmishra@lanl.gov RI Kuhlman, Kristopher/I-7283-2012; Vesselinov, Velimir/P-4724-2016 OI Kuhlman, Kristopher/0000-0003-3397-3653; Vesselinov, Velimir/0000-0002-6222-0530 FU Environmental Programs Directorate of the Los Alamos National Laboratory; US Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This research was partially funded by the Environmental Programs Directorate of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos National Laboratory is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Los Alamos National Security CLANS) Inc. for the US Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2012.03.007 PG 9 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 958UM UT WOS:000305266200006 ER PT J AU Mori, H Borowsky, AD Bhat, R Ghajar, CM Seiki, M Bissell, MJ AF Mori, Hidetoshi Borowsky, Alexander D. Bhat, Ramray Ghajar, Cyrus M. Seiki, Motoharu Bissell, Mina J. TI Laser Scanning-Based Tissue Autofluorescence/Fluorescence Imaging (LS-TAFI), a New Technique for Analysis of Microanatomy in Whole-Mount Tissues SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY-GLAND; MICROSCOPY; FLUORESCENCE; CELLS; MICE AB Intact organ structure is essential in maintaining tissue specificity and cellular differentiation. Small physiological or genetic variations lead to changes in microanatomy that, if persistent, could have functional consequences and may easily be masked by the heterogeneity of tissue anatomy. Current imaging techniques rely on histological, two-dimensional sections requiring sample manipulation that are essentially two dimensional. We have developed a method for three-dimensional imaging of whole-mount, unsectioned mammalian tissues to elucidate subtle and detailed micro- and macroanatomies in adult organs and embryos. We analyzed intact or dissected organ whole mounts with laser scanning-based tissue autofluorescence/fluorescence imaging (LS-TAFI). We obtained dear visualization of microstructures within murine mammary glands and mammary tumors and other organs without the use of immunostaining and without probes or fluorescent reporter genes. Combining autofluorescence with reflected light signals from chromophore-stained tissues allowed identification of individual cells within three-dimensional structures of whole-mounted organs. This technique could be useful for rapid diagnosis of human clinical samples and possibly the effect of subtle variations such as low dose radiation. (Am J Pathol 2012, 180:2249-2254 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.02.032) C1 [Mori, Hidetoshi; Bhat, Ramray; Ghajar, Cyrus M.; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borowsky, Alexander D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol, Ctr Comparat Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Seiki, Motoharu] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Tokyo, Japan. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 977-225A, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hmori@lbl.gov; mjbissell@lbl.gov RI Seiki, Motoharu/K-9443-2015 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Low Dose Radiation [DE-AC02-05CH1123]; National Cancer Institute (Bay Area Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, University of California, Berkeley, California) [R37CA064786, U54CA126552, R01CA057621, U54CA112970, U01CA143233, U54CA143836]; U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH0810736]; Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation [02-1591, KG111229]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [K26 RR024037]; NIH National Cancer Institute [U01 CA14582]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory FX Supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Low Dose Radiation Program (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH1123), the National Cancer Institute (awards R37CA064786, U54CA126552, R01CA057621, U54CA112970, U01CA143233, and U54CA143836 - Bay Area Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, University of California, Berkeley, California), the U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH0810736), the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation (02-1591 to H.M, KG111229 to R.B), the NIH National Center for Research Resources (K26 RR024037 to A.D.B.), the NIH National Cancer Institute (U01 CA14582 to A.D.B.), a Glenn T. Seaborg postdoctoral fellowship from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (C.M.G.). NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 180 IS 6 BP 2249 EP 2256 DI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.02.032 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 956PJ UT WOS:000305101300010 PM 22542846 ER PT J AU Cooperman, A Dieckmann, J Brodrick, J AF Cooperman, Alissa Dieckmann, John Brodrick, James TI Control Systems & LEED SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Cooperman, Alissa; Dieckmann, John] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Cooperman, A (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 BP 96 EP 99 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 957OF UT WOS:000305171600023 ER PT J AU Guyon, O Bendek, EA Eisner, JA Angel, R Woolf, NJ Milster, TD Ammons, SM Shao, M Shaklan, S Levine, M Nemati, B Pitman, J Woodruff, RA Belikov, R AF Guyon, Olivier Bendek, Eduardo A. Eisner, Josh A. Angel, Roger Woolf, Neville J. Milster, Thomas D. Ammons, S. Mark Shao, Michael Shaklan, Stuart Levine, Marie Nemati, Bijan Pitman, Joe Woodruff, Robert A. Belikov, Ruslan TI HIGH-PRECISION ASTROMETRY WITH A DIFFRACTIVE PUPIL TELESCOPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE astrometry; planets and satellites: detection; techniques: high angular resolution; telescopes ID PHOTOMETRY AB Astrometric detection and mass determination of Earth-mass exoplanets require sub-mu as accuracy, which is theoretically possible with an imaging space telescope using field stars as an astrometric reference. The measurement must, however, overcome astrometric distortions, which are much larger than the photon noise limit. To address this issue, we propose to generate faint stellar diffraction spikes using a two-dimensional grid of regularly spaced small dark spots added to the surface of the primary mirror (PM). Accurate astrometric motion of the host star is obtained by comparing the position of the spikes to the background field stars. The spikes do not contribute to scattered light in the central part of the field and therefore allow unperturbed coronagraphic observation of the star's immediate surroundings. Because the diffraction spikes are created on the PM and imaged on the same focal plane detector as the background stars, astrometric distortions affect equally the diffraction spikes and the background stars and are therefore calibrated. We describe the technique, detail how the data collected by the wide-field camera are used to derive astrometric motion, and identify the main sources of astrometric error using numerical simulations and analytical derivations. We find that the 1.4 m diameter telescope, 0.3 deg(2) field we adopt as a baseline design achieves 0.2 mu as single measurement astrometric accuracy. The diffractive pupil concept thus enables sub-mu as astrometry without relying on the accurate pointing, external metrology, or high-stability hardware required with previously proposed high-precision astrometry concepts. C1 [Guyon, Olivier; Eisner, Josh A.; Angel, Roger; Woolf, Neville J.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Guyon, Olivier] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Bendek, Eduardo A.; Milster, Thomas D.] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ammons, S. Mark] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Div L 210, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Shao, Michael; Shaklan, Stuart; Levine, Marie; Nemati, Bijan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Pitman, Joe] Explorat Sci, Pine, CO 80470 USA. [Belikov, Ruslan] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Guyon, O (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM guyon@naoj.org FU NASA Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis (APRA); State of Arizona Technology Research Initiative Fund (TRIF) FX This work is funded by the NASA Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis (APRA) program and the State of Arizona Technology Research Initiative Fund (TRIF). NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 200 IS 2 AR 11 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/200/2/11 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 956KH UT WOS:000305088000001 ER PT J AU Mendelssohn, IA Andersen, GL Baltz, DM Caffey, RH Carman, KR Fleeger, JW Joye, SB Lin, QX Maltby, E Overton, EB Rozas, LP AF Mendelssohn, Irving A. Andersen, Gary L. Baltz, Donald M. Caffey, Rex H. Carman, Kevin R. Fleeger, John W. Joye, Samantha B. Lin, Qianxin Maltby, Edward Overton, Edward B. Rozas, Lawrence P. TI Oil Impacts on Coastal Wetlands: Implications for the Mississippi River Delta Ecosystem after the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE wetlands; environmental science; ecology; coastal ecosystems; microbiology ID LOUISIANA BRACKISH MARSH; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SALT-MARSH; CRUDE-OIL; HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; VEGETATION; PETROLEUM; RECOVERY; CONSEQUENCES AB On 20 April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon explosion, which released a US government estimated 4.9 million barrels of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico, was responsible for the death of 11 oil workers and, possibly, for an environmental disaster unparalleled in US history. For 87 consecutive days, the Macondo well continuously released crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Many kilometers of shoreline in the northern Gulf of Mexico were affected, including the fragile and ecologically important wetlands of Louisiana's Mississippi River Delta ecosystem. These wetlands are responsible for a third of the nation's fish production and, ironically, help to protect an energy infrastructure that provides a third of the nation's oil and gas supply. Here, we provide a basic overview of the chemistry and biology of oil spills in coastal wetlands and an assessment of the potential and realized effects on the ecological condition of the Mississippi River Delta and its associated flora and fauna. C1 [Mendelssohn, Irving A.; Baltz, Donald M.; Lin, Qianxin] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Caffey, Rex H.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Agribusiness, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Carman, Kevin R.; Fleeger, John W.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Joye, Samantha B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Maltby, Edward] Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Overton, Edward B.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Rozas, Lawrence P.] Fisheries Serv, NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA. [Rozas, Lawrence P.] Estuarine Habitats & Coastal Fisheries Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA. RP Mendelssohn, IA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM imendel@lsu.edu RI Fleeger, John/A-6215-2013; Baltz, Donald/A-9374-2009; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Joye, Samantha/0000-0003-1610-451X FU Gulf Research Initiative; Northern Gulf Institute; Louisiana Sea Grant Program, a part of the National Sea Grant Program; National Science Foundation; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy FX This review was made possible through support from the Gulf Research Initiative to Louisiana State University (to IAM, QL, KRC, and JWF); from the Northern Gulf Institute (to IAM and QL); from the Louisiana Sea Grant Program, a part of the National Sea Grant Program maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the US Department of Commerce (to IAM, QL, and EM, who is a Sea Grant Laborde Endowed Chair); from the National Science Foundation (to SBJ); and from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the US Department of Energy (to GLA). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of NOAA or any other federal, state, or private agency. NR 65 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 12 U2 178 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JUN PY 2012 VL 62 IS 6 BP 562 EP 574 DI 10.1525/bio.2012.62.6.7 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 958TB UT WOS:000305262500007 ER PT J AU Van Cuyk, S Deshpande, A Hollander, A Franco, DO Teclemariam, NP Layshock, JA Ticknor, LO Brown, MJ Omberg, KM AF Van Cuyk, Sheila Deshpande, Alina Hollander, Attelia Franco, David O. Teclemariam, Nerayo P. Layshock, Julie A. Ticknor, Lawrence O. Brown, Michael J. Omberg, Kristin M. TI TRANSPORT OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. KURSTAKI FROM AN OUTDOOR RELEASE INTO BUILDINGS: PATHWAYS OF INFILTRATION AND A RAPID METHOD TO IDENTIFY CONTAMINATED BUILDINGS SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; DEPOSITION AB Understanding the fate and transport of biological agents into buildings will be critical to recovery and restoration efforts after a biological attack in an urban area. As part of the Interagency Biological Restoration Demonstration (IBRD), experiments were conducted in Fairfax County, VA, to study whether a biological agent can be expected to infiltrate into buildings following a wide-area release. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki is a common organic pesticide that has been sprayed in Fairfax County for a number of years to control the gypsy moth. Because the bacterium shares many physical and biological properties with Bacillus anthracis, the results from these studies can be extrapolated to a bioterrorist release. In 2009, samples were collected from inside buildings located immediately adjacent to a spray block. A combined probabilistic and targeted sampling strategy and modeling were conducted to provide insight into likely methods of infiltration. Both the simulations and the experimental results indicate sampling entryways and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters are reasonable methods for "ruling in" a building as contaminated. Following a biological attack, this method is likely to provide significant savings in time and labor compared to more rigorous, statistically based characterization. However, this method should never be used to "rule out," or clear, a building. C1 [Van Cuyk, Sheila] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Syst Engn & Integrat Grp, Decis Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hollander, Attelia] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Franco, David O.; Teclemariam, Nerayo P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Van Cuyk, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Syst Engn & Integrat Grp, Decis Applicat Div, Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM svancuyk@lanl.gov RI Omberg, Kristin/I-5972-2013; OI Brown, Michael J./0000-0002-8069-0835; Ticknor, Lawrence/0000-0002-7967-7908 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 2 BP 215 EP 227 DI 10.1089/bsp.2011.0081 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 959DH UT WOS:000305291200009 PM 22676846 ER PT J AU Liu, XB Chen, Q Wang, MR Pan, N Guo, ZY AF Liu, Xiong-Bin Chen, Qun Wang, Moran Pan, Ning Guo, Zeng-Yuan TI X.-B. Liu, Q. Chen, M. Wang, N. Pan and Z.-Y. Guo, Multidimensional effect on optimal network structure for fluid distribution, Chemical Engineering and Processing 49 (2010) 1038-1043 Reply SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING LA English DT Letter C1 [Liu, Xiong-Bin; Chen, Qun; Guo, Zeng-Yuan] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Chen, Qun; Pan, Ning] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wang, Moran] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM chenqun@tsinghua.edu.cn; moralwang@gmail.com RI Pan, Ning/B-1315-2008; 柳, 雄斌/H-7429-2016; Wang, Moran/A-1150-2010 OI Pan, Ning/0000-0002-8772-2596; 柳, 雄斌/0000-0002-6954-8547; NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-2701 J9 CHEM ENG PROCESS JI Chem. Eng. Process. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 56 BP 35 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.cep.2012.02.006 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 957XN UT WOS:000305200500006 ER PT J AU Demkowicz, MJ Misra, A Caro, A AF Demkowicz, M. J. Misra, A. Caro, A. TI The role of interface structure in controlling high helium concentrations SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Helium; Helium clusters; Helium bubbles; Interfaces; Grain boundaries; Nanocomposites; Implantation; Mechanical properties; Atomistic modeling; Transmission electron microscopy ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; GRAIN-BOUNDARY STRUCTURE; EQUATION-OF-STATE; LAYERED COMPOSITES; COLLISION CASCADES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; IMPLANTED COPPER; BUBBLE FORMATION; ION-IRRADIATION; VOID FORMATION AB Interfaces are good traps for implanted He, but are also susceptible to He-induced embrittlement. Better understanding of the mechanisms of He interactions with interfaces may enable design of interfaces that control He while remaining mechanically sound. We review recent work that aims to gain such insight by determining how interface structure influences He trapping and the equation of state of He in interface bubbles as well as how He-induced hardening depends on interface area per unit volume in composite materials. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Demkowicz, M. J.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Caro, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Struct Properties Relat Grp MST8, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Demkowicz, MJ (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM demkowicz@mit.edu FU Center for Materials in Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program FX We thank G.R. Odette, M. Nastasi, J.P. Hirth, and R.G. Hoagland for insightful discussions. This work was supported by the Center for Materials in Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award number 2008LANL1026 and by the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program. NR 84 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 10 U2 124 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 SI SI BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2011.10.003 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 958UD UT WOS:000305265300001 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Wirth, BD Li, MM Kirk, MA AF Xu, Donghua Wirth, Brian D. Li, Meimei Kirk, Marquis A. TI Recent work towards understanding defect evolution in thin molybdenum foils through in situ ion irradiation under TEM and coordinated cluster dynamics modeling SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Radiation defects; Molybdenum; Thin foils; In situ irradiation; Cluster dynamics; Interstitial loops; Vacancies; Rate theory ID INTERSTITIAL CLUSTERS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MONTE-CARLO; BCC IRON; KINETICS; DAMAGE; FE; MICROSTRUCTURE; DESORPTION; ALLOYS AB This paper provides a brief review of a recent joint effort towards better understanding of defect evolution in thin molybdenum foils during ion irradiation. In situ TEM ion irradiation experiments and spatially dependent cluster dynamics modeling were closely combined to reveal the fine details of the dose, dose rate and sample dimension dependencies of defect density and size distribution in the early stage of irradiation, and to validate different assumptions with respect to the damage production and defect mobilities. Earlier experimental and computational studies in Mo and in BCC iron as well as outstanding problems yet to be resolved are also discussed in this paper. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Donghua; Wirth, Brian D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Li, Meimei] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Nucl Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kirk, Marquis A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM xudh@utk.edu RI Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015 OI Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-04GR54750]; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Engineering under Nuclear Engineering Research Initiative Consortium Program (NERI-C) Award [DE-FG07-07ID14894]; Nuclear Engineering University Program (NEUP) award; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy and Office of Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Argonne National Laboratory FX DX and BDW acknowledge support by the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under grant DE-FG02-04GR54750 and the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Engineering under the Nuclear Engineering Research Initiative Consortium Program (NERI-C) Award Number DE-FG07-07ID14894 and Nuclear Engineering University Program (NEUP) award. The material for the experiments was provided by Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ML and MAK would like to thank Raymond Birtcher for his help with experimental data analysis. Important assistance of Dennis Graham and Bryan Miller in the group of Prof. Ian Robertson at University of Illinois with the experiments is acknowledged. Support of the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy and Office of Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 with Argonne National Laboratory, operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC. is also acknowledged. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 SI SI BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2011.11.001 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 958UD UT WOS:000305265300002 ER PT J AU Stanek, CR Uberuaga, BP Scott, BL Feller, RK Marks, NA AF Stanek, C. R. Uberuaga, B. P. Scott, B. L. Feller, R. K. Marks, N. A. TI Accelerated chemical aging of crystalline nuclear waste forms SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Nuclear waste; Radiation effects; Accelerated aging; Transmutation ID THRESHOLD DISPLACEMENT ENERGIES; RADIATION TOLERANCE; AQUEOUS DURABILITY; IMMOBILIZATION; CERAMICS; DAMAGE; TRANSMUTATION; PLUTONIUM; FISSION; OXIDES AB Nuclear waste disposal is a significant technological issue, and the solution of this problem (or lack thereof) will ultimately determine whether nuclear energy is deemed environmentally friendly, despite significantly lower carbon emissions than fossil fuel energy sources. A critical component of any waste disposal strategy is the selection of the waste form that is tasked with preventing radionuclides from entering the environment. The design of robust nuclear waste forms requires consideration of several criteria, including: radiation tolerance, geological interaction and chemical durability; all of these criteria ensure that the radionuclides do not escape from the waste form. Over the past 30 years, there have been numerous and thorough studies of these criteria on candidate waste forms, including radiation damage and leaching. However, most of these efforts have focused on the performance of the candidate waste form at t = 0, with far less attention paid to the phase stability, and subsequent durability, of candidate waste forms during the course of daughter product formation; that is, the chemical aging of the material. Systematic understanding of phase evolution as a function of chemistry is important for predictions of waste form performance as well as informing waste form design. In this paper, we highlight the research challenges associated with understanding waste form stability when attempting to systematically study the effects of dynamic composition variation due to in situ radionuclide daughter production formation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stanek, C. R.; Uberuaga, B. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Scott, B. L.; Feller, R. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Marks, N. A.] Curtin Univ Technol, Nanochem Res Inst, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. RP Stanek, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM stanek@lanl.gov RI Feller, Russell/H-3250-2014; Marks, Nigel/F-6084-2010; Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Marks, Nigel/0000-0003-2372-1284; Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 EI 1879-0348 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 SI SI BP 126 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2012.01.002 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 958UD UT WOS:000305265300004 ER PT J AU Katoh, Y Snead, LL Szlufarska, I Weber, WJ AF Katoh, Yutai Snead, Lance L. Szlufarska, Izabela Weber, William J. TI Radiation effects in SiC for nuclear structural applications SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Silicon carbide; Structural materials; Ceramic composites; Radiation effect; Computational materials science; Nuclear materials; Accident tolerant fuels; Nuclear waste; Fission product interactions; Fusion energy ID SILICON-CARBIDE COMPOSITES; SPENT HTR FUEL; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DIFFUSION BEHAVIOR; MATRIX COMPOSITES; FISSION-PRODUCT; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SICF/SIC COMPOSITES; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION AB Silicon carbide has enjoyed both fundamental study and practical application since the early days of nuclear materials science. In the past decade, with the increased interest in increasing efficiency, solving the real issues of waste disposal, and the constant mission to improve safety of nuclear reactors, silicon carbide has become even more attractive. The purpose of this paper is to discuss recent research that not only strives to understand the remarkable radiation stability of this material, but also the practical application of silicon carbide as waste form and for fission and fusion power applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Katoh, Yutai; Snead, Lance L.; Weber, William J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Szlufarska, Izabela] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weber, William J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Katoh, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM katohy@ornl.gov; sneadll@ornl.gov; szlufarska@wisc.edu; wjweber@utk.edu RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365 FU United States Government [DE-AC05-000R22725]; United States Department of Energy; United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-08ER46493] FX This submission was partly (YK and LLS) sponsored by a contractor of the United States Government under contract DE-AC05-000R22725 with the United States Department of Energy. IS acknowledges financial support from the United States Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences grant DE-FG02-08ER46493. WJW was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 85 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 17 U2 171 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 SI SI BP 143 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2012.03.005 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 958UD UT WOS:000305265300006 ER PT J AU Sheridan, LB Czerwiniski, J Jayaraju, N Gebregziabiher, DK Stickney, JL Robinson, DB Soriaga, MP AF Sheridan, Leah B. Czerwiniski, Justin Jayaraju, Nagarajan Gebregziabiher, Daniel K. Stickney, John L. Robinson, David B. Soriaga, Manuel P. TI Electrochemical Atomic Layer Deposition (E-ALD) of Palladium Nanofilms by Surface Limited Redox Replacement (SLRR), with EDTA Complexation SO ELECTROCATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE UPD; ALD; E-ALD; Pd; Electrodeposition; ECALE; Nanofilm ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; THIN-FILMS; HYDROGEN ADSORPTION; ELECTRODE SURFACES; GOLD SURFACES; PD; ABSORPTION; COPPER; MONOLAYER AB Atomic-scale control in the formation of Pd thin films is being developed using electrochemical atomic layer deposition (E-ALD) via surface limited redox replacement (SLRR). Pd has unique hydrogen storage properties. To study hydrogen storage capacity, hydrogen charging and discharging kinetics and its catalytic properties at the nanoscale will require films with well-defined thickness and structure. SLRR is the use of underpotential deposition (UPD) to form a sacrificial atomic layer of a less noble metal, such as Cu or Pb, and to exchange it at open circuit potential (OCP) for a more noble metal (Pd) via galvanic displacement. The deposits were grown using an automated electrochemical flow cell system which allowed sequential variation of solutions and potentials. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) revealed excess growth at the flow cell ingress, suggesting that the SLRR mechanism involved electron transfer from substrate to Pd2+ ions, rather than direct electron exchange from sacrificial metal atom(s) to Pd2+ ions. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was used to slow the galvanic displacement by complexing the Pd2+, in an attempt to form more uniform Pd deposits. The resulting films were more homogeneous and displayed the expected Pd voltammetry in H2SO4. The charge for UPD remained constant from cycle to cycle, indicating no roughening of the surface. Ways of optimizing complexing agent properties, as well as the flow cell design and deposition parameters are discussed. C1 [Sheridan, Leah B.; Czerwiniski, Justin; Jayaraju, Nagarajan; Gebregziabiher, Daniel K.; Stickney, John L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Robinson, David B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Energy Nanomat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Soriaga, Manuel P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. RP Stickney, JL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM Stickney@uga.edu RI Soriaga, Manuel/D-5637-2015 OI Soriaga, Manuel/0000-0002-0077-6226 FU National Science Foundation; Division of Materials Science; Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Acknowledgment is made of the support of the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Science, as well as Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 58 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1868-2529 J9 ELECTROCATALYSIS-US JI Electrocatalysis PD JUN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 2 BP 96 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s12678-012-0080-7 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 958IX UT WOS:000305231200003 ER PT J AU Zuo, WD Jin, MG Chen, QY AF Zuo, Wangda Jin, Mingang Chen, Qingyan TI REDUCTION OF NUMERICAL DIFFUSION IN FFD MODEL SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE fast fluid dynamics; indoor airflow; numerical diffusion; semi-Lagrangian solver; hybrid interpolation ID BACKWARD-FACING STEP; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; NATURAL-CONVECTION; SQUARE CAVITY; AIR-FLOW; MULTIGRID METHOD; HEAT-TRANSFER; SIMULATION; BUILDINGS; TIME AB Fast flow simulations are needed for some applications in building industry, such as the conceptual design of indoor environment or teaching of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system design in classroom. Instead of pursuing high accuracy, those applications require only conceptual distributions of the flow but within a short computing time. To meet these special needs, a Fast Fluid Dynamics (FFD) method was proposed to provide fast airflow simulation with some compromise in accuracy. This study is to further improve the FFD method by reducing the numerical viscosity that is caused by a linear interpolation in its semi-Lagrangian solver. We propose a hybrid scheme of a linear and a third-order interpolation to reduce the numerical diffusion in low order scheme and the numerical dispersion in high order scheme. The FFD model with both linear and hybrid interpolations are evaluated by simulating four different indoor flows. The results show that the hybrid interpolation can significantly improve the accuracy of the FFD model with a small amount of extra computing time. C1 [Zuo, Wangda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zuo, Wangda] Chongqing Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Three Gorges Reservoir Reg Ecoenvironm, Chongqing 630044, Peoples R China. [Jin, Mingang; Chen, Qingyan] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Zuo, WD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-3147, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wzuo@lbl.gov FU Office of Building Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Chongqing University's Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments under Ministry of Education; U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Aerospace Medicine through the National Air Transportation Center of Excellence [10-C-RITE-PU]; FAA FX Wangda Zuo was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. He also would like to thank the support of the visiting scholar program at Chongqing University's Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments under Ministry of Education.; Mingang Jin and Qingyan Chen would like to thank the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Aerospace Medicine for funding this project through the National Air Transportation Center of Excellence for Research in the Intermodal Transport Environment under Cooperative Agreement 10-C-RITE-PU. Although the FAA has sponsored this project, it neither endorses nor rejects the findings of this research. The presentation of this information is in the interest of invoking technical community comment on the results and conclusions of the research. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 9 PU HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIV, DEPT CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENG PI HONG KONG PA HUNG HOM, KOWLOON, HONG KONG, 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1994-2060 J9 ENG APPL COMP FLUID JI Eng. Appl. Comp. Fluid Mech. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 234 EP 247 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 957ZY UT WOS:000305206800008 ER PT J AU Michalak, SE DuBois, AJ Storlie, CB Quinn, HM Rust, WN DuBois, DH Modl, DG Manuzzato, A Blanchard, SP AF Michalak, Sarah E. DuBois, Andrew J. Storlie, Curtis B. Quinn, Heather M. Rust, William N. DuBois, David H. Modl, David G. Manuzzato, Andrea Blanchard, Sean P. TI Assessment of the Impact of Cosmic-Ray-Induced Neutrons on Hardware in the Roadrunner Supercomputer SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEVICE AND MATERIALS RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE Failures in time (FIT); neutron-beam testing; silent data corruption (SDC); single-event effect; soft error ID SINGLE-EVENT UPSET; SOFT ERRORS; MICROPROCESSORS AB Microprocessor-based systems are a common design for high-performance computing (HPC) platforms. In these systems, several thousands of microprocessors can participate in a single calculation that may take weeks or months to complete. When used in this manner, a fault in any of the microprocessors could cause the computation to crash or cause silent data corruption (SDC), i.e., computationally incorrect results that originate from an undetected fault. In recent years, neutron-induced effects in HPC hardware have been observed, and researchers have started to study how neutrons impact microprocessor-based computations. This paper presents results from an accelerated neutron-beam test focusing on two microprocessors used in Road-runner, which is the first petaflop supercomputer. Research questions of interest include whether the application running affects neutron susceptibility and whether different replicates of the hardware under test have different susceptibilities to neutrons. Estimated failures in time for crashes and for SDC are presented for the hardware under test, for the Triblade servers used for computation in Roadrunner, and for Roadrunner. C1 [Michalak, Sarah E.; Storlie, Curtis B.; Rust, William N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [DuBois, Andrew J.; DuBois, David H.; Modl, David G.; Blanchard, Sean P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Syst Engn & Integrat Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Quinn, Heather M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Manuzzato, Andrea] Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. RP Michalak, SE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM michalak@lanl.gov; ajd@lanl.gov; storlie@lanl.gov; hquinn@lanl.gov; wnr@lanl.gov; dhd@lanl.gov; digem@lanl.gov; andrea.manuzzato@ieee.org; seanb@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy FX Manuscript received September 23, 2011; revised January 26, 2012; accepted February 27, 2012. Date of publication May 2, 2012; date of current version June 6, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-4388 J9 IEEE T DEVICE MAT RE JI IEEE Trans. Device Mater. Reliab. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 2 BP 445 EP 454 DI 10.1109/TDMR.2012.2192736 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 956JE UT WOS:000305085100034 ER PT J AU Seehra, MS Akkineni, LP Yalamanchi, M Singh, V Poston, J AF Seehra, M. S. Akkineni, L. P. Yalamanchi, M. Singh, V. Poston, J. TI Structural characteristics of nanoparticles produced by hydrothermal pretreatment of cellulose and their applications for electrochemical hydrogen generation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Cellulose; Hydrothermal treatment; Electrolysis; Hydrogen; Free radicals; Nanoparticles ID AMERICAN COALS; PYROLYSIS; BIOMASS; WATER; SPECTROSCOPY; ETHANOL; ENERGY; COTTON; YIELD; FUELS AB Hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and wood sawdust in water at 200 degrees C and 250 degrees C and at pressures up to about 600 psi for different heating times (<= 60 min) is shown to produce nanoparticles of about 210 nm diameter. For the shorter treatment times of 15 min, only partial conversion is observed. Investigations of the post-HIP solid products by scanning electron microscopy show that the original size of cellulose particles is reduced by a factor of about 50 to yield spherical nanoparticles of about 210 nm size. In X-ray diffraction studies, the characteristic Bragg peaks of the parent MCC and sawdust are not present in the post-HTP products with only a broad halo being observed, indicating that the crystallinity of cellulose has broken down under HTP. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy shows the observation of free radicals in the post-HIP products whereas the parent MCC, sawdust and glucose are ESR inert. FTIR spectroscopy shows the breakdown of the bonds between glucose units of the cellulosic structure. As an application, the pre- and post-HTP cellulose and sawdust were tested for the electrochemical production of hydrogen. Whereas the pre-HTP samples were found to be inactive, the post-HIP cellulose treated at 250 degrees C for 60 min was nearly as active as carbon BP2000 (surface area = 1500 m(2)/g) for producing H-2 at energy efficient voltages. A comparative energy analysis for the electrochemical production of hydrogen using carbons and post-HTP cellulose vis-a-vis water electrolysis is also presented. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Seehra, M. S.; Akkineni, L. P.; Yalamanchi, M.; Singh, V.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Poston, J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Seehra, MS (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM mseehra@wvu.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy through the Consortium for Fossil Fuel Science [DE-FC26-05NT42456] FX At West Virginia University, financial support for this project was provided by the U. S. Department of Energy (contract # DE-FC26-05NT42456) awarded through the Consortium for Fossil Fuel Science with G. P. Huffman as the director. MSS thanks Dr. John Zondlo for assistance with the chemical analysis of the MCC and post-HTP cellulose-based samples. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 37 IS 12 BP 9514 EP 9523 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.083 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 956RH UT WOS:000305106300008 ER PT J AU Hu, PS Lang, J Wawrousek, K Yu, JP Maness, PC Chen, J AF Hu, Pingsha Lang, Juan Wawrousek, Karen Yu, Jianping Maness, Pin-Ching Chen, Jin TI Draft Genome Sequence of Rubrivivax gelatinosus CBS SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RNA GENES; PATHWAY; CO AB Rubrivivax gelatinosus CBS, a purple nonsulfur photosynthetic bacterium, can grow photosynthetically using CO and N-2 as the sole carbon and nitrogen nutrients, respectively. R. gelatinosus CBS is of particular interest due to its ability to metabolize CO and yield H-2. We present the 5-Mb draft genome sequence of R. gelatinosus CBS with the goal of providing genetic insight into the metabolic properties of this bacterium. C1 [Hu, Pingsha; Chen, Jin] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lang, Juan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Stat & Probabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wawrousek, Karen; Yu, Jianping; Maness, Pin-Ching] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM jinchen@msu.edu FU Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University FX This research is financially supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Program under contract no. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division under contract no. DE-FG02-91ER20021 with the MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 12 BP 3262 EP 3262 DI 10.1128/JB.00515-12 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 954WJ UT WOS:000304978400025 PM 22628496 ER PT J AU Zeytun, A Malfatti, SA Vergez, LM Shin, M Garcia, E Chain, PSG AF Zeytun, Ahmet Malfatti, Stephanie A. Vergez, Lisa M. Shin, Maria Garcia, Emilio Chain, Patrick S. G. TI Complete Genome Sequence of Francisella philomiragia ATCC 25017 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Francisella philomiragia is a saprophytic gammaproteobacterium found only occasionally in immunocompromised individuals and is the nearest neighbor to the causative agent of tularemia and category A select agent Francisella tularensis. To shed insight into the key genetic differences and the evolution of these two distinct lineages, we sequenced the first complete genome of F. philomiragia strain ATCC 25017, which was isolated as a free-living microorganism from water in Bear River Refuge, Utah. C1 [Zeytun, Ahmet; Chain, Patrick S. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zeytun, Ahmet; Malfatti, Stephanie A.; Chain, Patrick S. G.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Malfatti, Stephanie A.; Vergez, Lisa M.; Shin, Maria; Garcia, Emilio] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Chain, PSG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pchain@lanl.gov RI chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; OI Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634 FU U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This study was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 12 BP 3266 EP 3266 DI 10.1128/JB.00413-12 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 954WJ UT WOS:000304978400028 PM 22628499 ER PT J AU Brown, SD Palumbo, AV Panikov, N Arlyawansa, T Klingeman, DM Johnson, CM Land, ML Utturkar, SM Epstein, SS AF Brown, Steven D. Palumbo, Anthony V. Panikov, Nicolai Arlyawansa, Thilini Klingeman, Dawn M. Johnson, Courtney M. Land, Miriam L. Utturkar, Sagar M. Epstein, Slava S. TI Draft Genome Sequence for Microbacterium laevaniformans Strain OR221, a Bacterium Tolerant to Metals, Nitrate, and Low pH SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Microbacterium laevaniformans strain OR221 was isolated from subsurface sediments obtained from the Field Research Center (FRC) in Oak Ridge, TN. It was characterized as a bacterium tolerant to heavy metals, such as uranium, nickel, cobalt, and cadmium, as well as nitrate and low pH. We present its draft genome sequence. C1 [Arlyawansa, Thilini; Epstein, Slava S.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Brown, Steven D.; Palumbo, Anthony V.; Klingeman, Dawn M.; Johnson, Courtney M.; Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Panikov, Nicolai] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Brown, Steven D.; Utturkar, Sagar M.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Epstein, Slava S.] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Marine Sci, Nahant, MA 01908 USA. RP Epstein, SS (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM s.epstein@neu.edu RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; Klingeman, Dawn/B-9415-2012; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Klingeman, Dawn/0000-0002-4307-2560; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Utturkar, Sagar/0000-0002-3453-1948 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; DOE [DE-FG02-04ER63782] FX This article was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science and DOE grant DE-FG02-04ER63782 to S.S.E. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 12 BP 3279 EP 3280 DI 10.1128/JB.00474-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 954WJ UT WOS:000304978400037 PM 22628508 ER PT J AU Brown, SD Lamed, R Morag, E Borovok, I Shoham, Y Klingeman, DM Johnson, CM Yang, ZM Land, ML Utturkar, SM Keller, M Bayer, EA AF Brown, Steven D. Lamed, Raphael Morag, Ely Borovok, Ilya Shoham, Yuval Klingeman, Dawn M. Johnson, Courtney M. Yang, Zamin Land, Miriam L. Utturkar, Sagar M. Keller, Martin Bayer, Edward A. TI Draft Genome Sequences for Clostridium thermocellum Wild-Type Strain YS and Derived Cellulose Adhesion-Defective Mutant Strain AD2 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENZYME COMPLEXES; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; BINDING DOMAIN; ETHANOL; PURIFICATION; BACTERIA; XYLANASE; SYSTEM; GROWTH; GENE AB Clostridium thermocellum wild-type strain YS is an anaerobic, thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium capable of directly converting cellulosic substrates into ethanol. Strain YS and a derived cellulose adhesion-defective mutant strain, AD2, played pivotal roles in describing the original cellulosome concept. We present their draft genome sequences. C1 [Morag, Ely; Bayer, Edward A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Chem, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Brown, Steven D.; Klingeman, Dawn M.; Johnson, Courtney M.; Yang, Zamin; Land, Miriam L.; Keller, Martin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Brown, Steven D.; Klingeman, Dawn M.; Johnson, Courtney M.; Utturkar, Sagar M.; Keller, Martin] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Brown, Steven D.; Klingeman, Dawn M.; Johnson, Courtney M.; Keller, Martin] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Lamed, Raphael; Borovok, Ilya] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Biotechnol, Ramat Aviv, Israel. [Shoham, Yuval] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Food Engn & Biotechnol, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Bayer, EA (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Chem, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM ed.bayer@weizmann.ac.il RI Klingeman, Dawn/B-9415-2012; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; OI Klingeman, Dawn/0000-0002-4307-2560; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Utturkar, Sagar/0000-0002-3453-1948 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science through the BioEnergy Science Center; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel; Israel Science Foundation [966/09, 24/11]; Israeli Centers of Research Excellence (I-CORE) [152/11]; Alternative Energy Research Initiative (AERI) Bioenergy Consortium; Technion-Niedersachsen Research Cooperation Program FX This research was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science through the BioEnergy Science Center, a U.S. DOE Bioenergy Research Center.U.S. DOE Bioenergy Research Center.. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Grants from the following foundations are gratefully acknowledged: the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel; the Israel Science Foundation (grant no. 966/09 and 24/11); The Israeli Centers of Research Excellence (I-CORE) program (Center no. 152/11); The Alternative Energy Research Initiative (AERI) Bioenergy Consortium; and the Technion-Niedersachsen Research Cooperation Program. Y.S. holds the Erwin and Rosl Pollak Chair in Biotechnology at the Technion, and E.A.B. is the incumbent of The Maynard I. and Elaine Wishner Chair of Bio-organic Chemistry. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 12 BP 3290 EP 3291 DI 10.1128/JB.00473-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 954WJ UT WOS:000304978400044 PM 22628515 ER PT J AU Schebb, NH Buchholz, BA Hammock, BD Rice, RH AF Schebb, Nils Helge Buchholz, Bruce A. Hammock, Bruce D. Rice, Robert H. TI Metabolism of the antibacterial triclocarban by human epidermal keratinocytes to yield protein adducts SO JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Accelerator Mass Spectrometry; Biotransformation; Cytochrome P450; Keratinocytes; Protein Adducts; Reactive Metabolites; TCDD; Triclocarban ID ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; BIOCHEMICAL SAMPLES; CELLS; SENSITIZATION; INHIBITORS; TRICLOSAN; DNA AB Previous studies of triclocarban suggest that its biotransformation could yield reactive metabolites that form protein adducts. Since the skin is the major route of triclocarban exposure, present work examined this possibility in cultured human keratinocytes. The results provide evidence for considerable biotransformation and protein adduct formation when cytochrome P450 activity is induced in the cells by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, a model Ah receptor ligand. Since detecting low adduct levels in cells and tissues is difficult, we utilized the novel approach of accelerator mass spectrometry for this purpose. Exploiting the sensitivity of the method, we demonstrated that a substantial portion of triclocarban forms adducts with keratinocyte protein under the P450 inducing conditions employed. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:230234, 2012; View this article online at . DOI 10.1002/jbt.21411 C1 [Rice, Robert H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schebb, Nils Helge] Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Food Toxicol & Chem Anal, D-30173 Hannover, Germany. [Buchholz, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hammock, Bruce D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hammock, Bruce D.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Canc, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Rice, RH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM rhrice@ucdavis.edu RI Buchholz, Bruce/G-1356-2011; OI Schebb, Nils Helge/0000-0003-1299-6629 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Institutes of Health [R01 ES002710, P42 ES004699, NCRR RR13461, 8 P41 GM103483-14]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; German Academic Exchange Service FX We thank Qin Qin and Miranda Sarachine Falso for excellent technical assistance. Bruce D. Hammock is a senior fellow of the American Asthma Society. This work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.; Contract Grant Sponsor: National Institutes of Health.; Contract Grant Numbers: R01 ES002710, P42 ES004699, NCRR RR13461, and 8 P41 GM103483-14.; Contract Grant Sponsor: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.; Contract Grant Sponsor: German Academic Exchange Service (NHS). NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1095-6670 J9 J BIOCHEM MOL TOXIC JI J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 6 BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.1002/jbt.21411 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Toxicology GA 959SY UT WOS:000305334600003 PM 22711420 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Nilson, RH Templeton, JA Griffiths, SK Kung, A Wong, BM AF Lee, Jonathan W. Nilson, Robert H. Templeton, Jeremy A. Griffiths, Stewart K. Kung, Andy Wong, Bryan M. TI Comparison of Molecular Dynamics with Classical Density Functional and Poisson-Boltzmann Theories of the Electric Double Layer in Nanochannels SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO; ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; ION DISTRIBUTION; SLAB GEOMETRY; FLUIDS; MODEL; CAPACITANCE; INTERFACE; LIQUIDS AB Comparisons are made among Molecular Dynamics (MD), Classical Density Functional Theory (c-DFT), and Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) modeling of the electric double layer (EDL) for the nonprimitive three component model (3CM) in which the two ion species and solvent molecules are all of finite size. Unlike previous comparisons between c-DFT and Monte Carlo (MC), the present 3CM incorporates Lennard-Jones interactions rather than hard-sphere and hard-wall repulsions. c-DFT and MD results are compared over normalized surface charges ranging from 0.2 to 1.75 and bulk ion concentrations from 10 mM to 1 M. Agreement between the two, assessed by electric surface potential and ion density profiles, is found to be quite good. Wall potentials predicted by PB begin to depart significantly from c-DFT and MD for charge densities exceeding 0.3. Successive layers are observed to charge in a sequential manner such that the solvent becomes fully excluded from each layer before the onset of the next layer. Ultimately, this layer filling phenomenon results in fluid structures, Debye lengths, and electric surface potentials vastly different from the classical PB predictions. C1 [Lee, Jonathan W.; Nilson, Robert H.; Templeton, Jeremy A.; Griffiths, Stewart K.; Kung, Andy; Wong, Bryan M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Templeton, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. EM jatempl@sandia.gov RI Wong, Bryan/B-1663-2009 OI Wong, Bryan/0000-0002-3477-8043 FU Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Funding for this effort was provided by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2012 EP 2022 DI 10.1021/ct3001156 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 956LY UT WOS:000305092400017 ER PT J AU Smith, DMA Xiong, YJ Straatsma, TP Rosso, KM Squier, TC AF Smith, Dayle M. A. Xiong, Yijia Straatsma, T. P. Rosso, Kevin M. Squier, Thomas C. TI Force-Field Development and Molecular Dynamics of [NiFe] Hydrogenase SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; VULGARIS MIYAZAKI-F; RAY-STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; ACTIVE-SITE; FEFE HYDROGENASES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; IRON HYDROGENASE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SULFUR CLUSTERS AB Classical molecular force-field parameters describing the structure and motion of metal dusters in [NiFe] hydrogenase enzymes can be used to compare the dynamics and thermodynamics of [NiFe] under different oxidation, protonation, and ligation circumstances. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations of small model dusters representative of the active site and the proximal, medial, and distal Fe/S metal centers and their attached protein side chains, we have calculated classical force-field parameters for [NiFe] in reduced and oxidized states, including internal coordinates, force constants, and atom-centered charges. Derived force constants revealed that cysteinate ligands bound to the metal ions are more flexible in the Ni-B active site, which has a bridging hydroxide ligand, than in the Ni-C active site, which has a bridging hydride. Ten nanosecond all-atom, explicit-solvent MD simulations of [NiFe] hydrogenase in oxidized and reduced catalytic states established the stability of the derived force-field parameters in terms of C alpha and metal cluster fluctuations. Average active site structures from the protein MD simulations are consistent with [NiFe] structures from the Protein Data Bank, suggesting that the derived force-field parameters are transferrable to other hydrogenases beyond the structure used for testing. A comparison of experimental H-2-production rates demonstrated a relationship between cysteinate side chain rotation and activity, justifying the use of a fully dynamic model of [NiFe] metal cluster motion. C1 [Smith, Dayle M. A.; Xiong, Yijia; Straatsma, T. P.; Rosso, Kevin M.; Squier, Thomas C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Smith, DMA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN J4-33, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dayle.smith@pnl.gov RI vedha, angeline/F-7272-2012 FU Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX Computer resources were provided by the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Research was funded by the Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The authors thank Thereza Soares of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco for many helpful discussions and her management of computing resources. PNNL is operated by the Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy. NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2103 EP 2114 DI 10.1021/ct300185u PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 956LY UT WOS:000305092400027 PM 26593842 ER PT J AU Yun, J Sonabend, AM Ulasov, IV Kim, DH Rozhkova, EA Novosad, V Dashnaw, S Brown, T Canoll, P Bruce, JN Lesniak, MS AF Yun, Jonathan Sonabend, Adam M. Ulasov, Ilya V. Kim, Dong-Hyun Rozhkova, Elena A. Novosad, Valentyn Dashnaw, Stephen Brown, Truman Canoll, Peter Bruce, Jeffrey N. Lesniak, Maciej S. TI A novel adenoviral vector labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for real-time tracking of viral delivery SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; Gene therapy; Nanoparticle ID CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY; GENE-TRANSFER EFFICIENCY; VIRUS-SIZED PARTICLES; PHASE-I TRIAL; MALIGNANT GLIOMA; THERAPY; EXPRESSION; BRAIN; GLIOBLASTOMA; INFUSION AB In vivo tracking of gene therapy vectors challenges the investigation and improvement of biodistribution of these agents in the brain, a key feature for their targeting of infiltrative malignant gliomas. The glioma-targeting Ad5/3-cRGD gene therapy vector was covalently bound to super-paramagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (SPION) to monitor its distribution by MRI. Transduction of labeled and unlabeled vectors was assessed on the U87 glioma cell line and normal human astrocytes (NHA), and was higher in U87 compared to NHA, but was similar between labeled and unlabeled virus. An in vivo study was performed by intracranial subcortical injection of labeled-Ad5/3-cRGD particles into a pig brain. The labeled vector appeared in vivo as a T2-weighted hyperintensity and a T2-gradient echo signal at the injection site, persisting up to 72 hours post-injection. We describe a glioma-targeting vector that is labeled with SPION, thereby allowing for MRI detection with no change in transduction capability. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ulasov, Ilya V.; Lesniak, Maciej S.] Univ Chicago, Brain Tumor Ctr, Div Neurosurg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Yun, Jonathan; Sonabend, Adam M.; Canoll, Peter; Bruce, Jeffrey N.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Gabriele Bartoli Brain Tumor Lab, New York, NY USA. [Dashnaw, Stephen; Brown, Truman] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Hatch Ctr MRI Res, New York, NY USA. [Kim, Dong-Hyun; Novosad, Valentyn] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rozhkova, Elena A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lesniak, MS (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Brain Tumor Ctr, Div Neurosurg, 5841 S Maryland Ave,MC 3026, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM mlesniak@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; OI Kim, Dong-Hyun/0000-0001-6815-3319 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NIH/NINDS [R01NS077388]; Alpha Omega Alpha Carolyn L. Kuckein Research Fellowship FX This work was supported in part by the Alpha Omega Alpha Carolyn L. Kuckein Research Fellowship (JY). Work at Argonne, including the use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Dr. Lesniak's research was supported by a grant from NIH/NINDS R01NS077388. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-5868 J9 J CLIN NEUROSCI JI J. Clin. Neurosci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 875 EP 880 DI 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.12.016 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 955SH UT WOS:000305040700021 PM 22516547 ER PT J AU Forsbach, A Muller, C Montino, C Kritzler, A Nguyen, T Weeratna, R Jurk, M Vollmer, J AF Forsbach, Alexandra Mueller, Christian Montino, Carmen Kritzler, Andrea Toan Nguyen Weeratna, Risini Jurk, Marion Vollmer, Joerg TI Negative Regulation of the Type I Interferon Signaling Pathway by Synthetic Toll-Like Receptor 7 Ligands SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; INHIBITS STAT3 PHOSPHORYLATION; PHASE RESPONSE FACTOR/STAT3; GROWTH-SUPPRESSIVE ACTIVITY; IFN-ALPHA PRODUCTION; HUMAN CANCER-CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; RIG-I AB Ten Toll-like receptor (TLR) family members have been reported in humans. Here, the endoplasmatic receptors TLR9, TLR8, TLR7, and TLR3 respond to nucleic acids and derivatives or to small molecules (TLR7 and 8). Another cytoplasmic RNA receptor, retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I), is stimulated by 5' triphosphate double-stranded RNA. We discovered that TLR7 small-molecule agonists inhibit nucleic acid-mediated TLR3, TLR7, TLR9, or RIG-I-dependent interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) immune response. Other cytokines and chemokines stimulated by nucleic acid agonists remained unaffected. The observed blockage of TLR3, TLR7, TLR9, and RIG-I-mediated IFN-alpha response appears to be driven by a competitive mechanism at the type I IFN pathway. Besides type I IFN, IFN response genes such as IFIT-1, Mx1, OAS1, or IRF7 were affected, which indicates that the key element driving the inhibition is located in the type I IFN pathway. Indeed, the heterotrimeric complex formation of phosphor-signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 1 (STAT1), phosphor-STAT2, and IRF9 (called ISGF3, IFN-stimulated gene factor 3) is inhibited through the TLR7 small-molecule agonists by phosphor-STAT2 blockage. These findings provide novel insights into the use of synthetic TLR7 or TLR7/8 small molecules as ligands for immune activation and suppression. C1 [Forsbach, Alexandra; Mueller, Christian; Montino, Carmen; Kritzler, Andrea; Jurk, Marion; Vollmer, Joerg] Coley Pharmaceut GmbH, Pfizer Oligonucleotide Therapeut Unit, Dusseldorf, Germany. [Toan Nguyen] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Weeratna, Risini] Pfizer Vaccine Res, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Forsbach, A (reprint author), Alten Broich 219, D-40764 Langenfeld, Germany. EM aforsbach@gmx.de NR 100 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1079-9907 EI 1557-7465 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 6 BP 254 EP 268 DI 10.1089/jir.2011.0091 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 957PS UT WOS:000305175600003 PM 22540943 ER PT J AU Nuester, J Vogt, S Twining, BS AF Nuester, Jochen Vogt, Stefan Twining, Benjamin S. TI LOCALIZATION OF IRON WITHIN CENTRIC DIATOMS OF THE GENUS THALASSIOSIRA SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE centric diatoms; element mapping; intrapopulation variability; iron localization; single-cell analysis; synchrotron X-ray fluorescence; vacuole ID X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SEQUESTRATION; LIMITATION; VACUOLE; STORAGE AB The cellular iron (Fe) quota of centric diatoms has been shown to vary in response to the ambient dissolved Fe concentration; however, it is not known how centric diatoms store excess intracellular Fe. Here, we use synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) element mapping to identify Fe storage features in cells of Thalassiosira pseudonana Hasle et Heimdal and Thalassiosira weissflogii G. A. Fryxell et Hasle grown at low and high Fe concentrations. Localized intracellular Fe storage features, defined as anomalously high Fe concentrations in regions of relatively low phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), and zinc (Zn), were twice as common in T. weissflogii cells grown at high Fe compared to low-Fe cells. Cellular Fe quotas of this strain increased 2.9-fold, the spatial extent of the features increased 4.6-fold, and the Fe content of the features increased 14-fold under high-Fe conditions, consistent with a vacuole storage mechanism. The element stoichiometry of the Fe features is consistent with polyphosphate-bound Fe as a potential vacuolar Fe storage pool. Iron quotas increased 2.5-fold in T. pseudonana grown at high Fe, but storage features contained only 2-fold more Fe and did not increase in size compared to low-Fe cells. The differences in Fe storage observed between T. pseudonana and T. weissflogii may have been due to differences in the growth states of the cultures. C1 [Nuester, Jochen; Twining, Benjamin S.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, E Boothbay, ME 04544 USA. [Vogt, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Nuester, J (reprint author), Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, E Boothbay, ME 04544 USA. EM jnuester@bigelow.org RI Vogt, Stefan/B-9547-2009; Vogt, Stefan/J-7937-2013; OI Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Vogt, Stefan/0000-0002-8034-5513; Twining, Benjamin/0000-0002-1365-9192 FU National Science Foundation [OCE 0913080]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This works was supported by the funding from the National Science Foundation (OCE 0913080) to B. S. T. The use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Adam Kustka for helpful discussions and the editor and reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript. NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3646 EI 1529-8817 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 3 BP 626 EP 634 DI 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01165.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 952RP UT WOS:000304810200014 PM 27011078 ER PT J AU Newhouse, NL Rawls, GB Rana, MD Shelley, BF Gorman, MR AF Newhouse, Norman L. Rawls, George B. Rana, Mahendra D. Shelley, Bernard F. Gorman, Michael R. TI Development of ASME Section X Code Rules for High Pressure Composite Hydrogen Pressure Vessels With Nonload Sharing Liners SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material AB The purpose of this paper is to document the development of ASME Section X Code rules for high pressure vessels for containing hydrogen and to provide a technical basis of their content. The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Project Team on Hydrogen Tanks was formed in 2004 to develop Code rules to address the various needs that had been identified for the design and construction of up to 15,000 psi hydrogen storage vessel. One of these needs was the development of Code rules for high pressure composite vessels with nonload sharing liners for stationary applications. In 2009, ASME approved new Appendix 8, for Section X Code which contains the rules for these vessels. These vessels are designated as Class III vessels with design pressure ranging from 21 MPa (3000 psi) to 105 MPa (15,000 psi) and maximum allowable outside liner diameter of 2.54 m (100 in.). The maximum design life of these vessels is limited to 20 years. Design, fabrication, and examination requirements have been specified, including Acoustic Emission testing at the time of manufacture. The Code rules include the design qualification testing of prototype vessels. Qualification includes proof, expansion, burst, cyclic fatigue, creep, flaw, permeability, torque, penetration, and environmental testing. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005856] C1 [Newhouse, Norman L.] Lincoln Composites Inc, Lincoln, NE 68524 USA. [Rawls, George B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Rana, Mahendra D.] Praxair Inc, Tonawanda, NY 14151 USA. [Shelley, Bernard F.] DuPont Engn Co, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. [Gorman, Michael R.] Digital Wave Corp, Centennial, CO 80111 USA. RP Newhouse, NL (reprint author), Lincoln Composites Inc, 5117 NW 40th St, Lincoln, NE 68524 USA. EM nnewhouse@lincolncomposites.com; george.rawls@srnl.doe.gov; Mahendra_Rana@Praxair.com; bernard.f.shelley@usa.dupont.com; mgorman@digitalwavecorp.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 2012 VL 134 IS 3 AR 030402 DI 10.1115/1.4005856 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 956VJ UT WOS:000305117300004 ER PT J AU Poineau, F Yeamans, CB Silva, GWC Cerefice, GS Sattelberger, AP Czerwinski, KR AF Poineau, Frederic Yeamans, Charles B. Silva, G. W. C. Cerefice, Gary S. Sattelberger, Alfred P. Czerwinski, Kenneth R. TI X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic study of uranium nitrides SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE EXAFS; Uranium; Nitrides; Nuclear fuel AB Uranium mononitride (UN), sesquinitride (U2N3) and dinitride (UN2) were characterized by extended X-Ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Analysis on UN indicate the presence of three uranium shells at distances of 3.46(3), 4.89(5) and 6.01(6) angstrom and a nitrogen shell at a distance of 2.46(2) angstrom. For U2N3, two absorbing uranium atoms at different crystallographic positions are present in the structure. One of the uranium atoms is surrounded by nitrogen atoms at 2.28(2) angstrom and by uranium atoms at 3.66(4) and 3.95(4) angstrom. The second type of uranium atom is surrounded by nitrogen atoms at 2.33(2) and 2.64(3) angstrom and by uranium atoms at 3.66(4), 3.95(4) and 5.31(5) angstrom. Results on UN2 indicate two uranium shells at 3.71(4) and 5.32(5) angstrom and two nitrogen shells at 2.28(2) and 4.34(4) angstrom. The lattice parameters of UN, U2N3 and UN2 unit cells were respectively determined to be 4.89(5), 10.62(10) and 5.32(5) angstrom. Those results are well in agreement with those obtained by X-Ray diffraction analysis. C1 [Poineau, Frederic; Czerwinski, Kenneth R.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Yeamans, Charles B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Silva, G. W. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Cerefice, Gary S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Hlth Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Sattelberger, Alfred P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Engn & Syst Anal Directorate, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Poineau, F (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM poineauf@unlv.nevada.edu RI Silva, G W Chinthaka/K-8431-2012; Silva, Chinthaka/E-1416-2017 OI Silva, Chinthaka/0000-0003-4637-6030 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 292 IS 3 BP 989 EP 994 DI 10.1007/s10967-011-1551-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958JJ UT WOS:000305232400007 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, G. L. TI Empirical method for preparing a plutonium predominance-region diagram SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Plutonium; Oxidation number; Predominance-region diagram ID AQUEOUS PLUTONIUM AB An empirical method for preparing a plutonium predominance-region diagram is illustrated by an example. The method estimates the boundaries of the forbidden, unique, and ambiguous regions as defined by the equilibrium fraction of hexavalent plutonium and the plutonium oxidation number. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 292 IS 3 BP 1105 EP 1108 DI 10.1007/s10967-011-1570-4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958JJ UT WOS:000305232400024 ER PT J AU Silver, GL AF Silver, G. L. TI How reliable are estimates of hydrolysis constants? SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Plutonium; Hydrolysis; Disproportionation ID PLUTONIUM AB The equilibrium constant for the first hydrolysis reaction of tetravalent plutonium is surrounded by uncertainty. A new method illustrates criteria by which the reliabilities of the numerical estimates can be judged. The new formulas are simple, the method is easy to apply, and the results are easy to compare. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Silver, GL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS E502, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gsilver@lanl.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 292 IS 3 BP 1193 EP 1195 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1656-7 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958JJ UT WOS:000305232400036 ER PT J AU Maar, D Harmon, B Chu, D Schulz, B Aguilar, HC Lee, B Negrete, OA AF Maar, Dianna Harmon, Brooke Chu, David Schulz, Belinda Aguilar, Hector C. Lee, Benhur Negrete, Oscar A. TI Cysteines in the Stalk of the Nipah Virus G Glycoprotein Are Located in a Distinct Subdomain Critical for Fusion Activation SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; HENDRA-VIRUS; PARAMYXOVIRUS FUSION; RECEPTOR-BINDING; MEMBRANE-FUSION; HN PROTEIN; ATTACHMENT GLYCOPROTEIN; STRUCTURAL BASIS; 4-HELIX BUNDLE; RESIDUES AB Paramyxoviruses initiate entry through the concerted action of the tetrameric attachment glycoprotein (HN, H, or G) and the trimeric fusion glycoprotein (F). The ectodomains of HN/H/G contain a stalk region important for oligomeric stability and for the F triggering resulting in membrane fusion. Paramyxovirus HN, H, and G form a dimer-of-dimers consisting of disulfide-linked dimers through their stalk domain cysteines. The G attachment protein stalk domain of the highly pathogenic Nipah virus (NiV) contains a distinct but uncharacterized cluster of three cysteine residues (C146, C158, C162). On the basis of a panoply of assays, we report that C158 and C162 of NiV-G likely mediate covalent subunit dimerization, while C146 mediates the stability of higher-order oligomers. For HN or H, mutation of stalk cysteines attenuates but does not abrogate the ability to trigger fusion. In contrast, the NiV-G stalk cysteine mutants were completely deficient in triggering fusion, even though they could still bind the ephrinB2 receptor and associate with F. Interestingly, all cysteine stalk mutants exhibited constitutive exposure of the Mab45 receptor binding-enhanced epitope, previously implicated in F triggering. The enhanced binding of Mab45 to the cysteine mutants relative to wild-type NiV-G, without the addition of the receptor, implicates the stalk cysteines in the stabilization of a pre-receptor-bound conformation and the regulation of F triggering. Sequence alignments revealed that the stalk cysteines were adjacent to a proline-rich microdomain unique to the Henipavirus genus. Our data propose that the cysteine cluster in the NiV-G stalk functions to maintain oligomeric stability but is more importantly involved in stabilizing a unique microdomain critical for triggering fusion. C1 [Maar, Dianna; Harmon, Brooke; Negrete, Oscar A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chu, David; Schulz, Belinda; Lee, Benhur] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Aguilar, Hector C.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Negrete, OA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM onegret@sandia.gov RI Lee, Benhur/A-8554-2016 OI Lee, Benhur/0000-0003-0760-1709 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Grant; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; NIH [AI069317]; UCLA; Pacific Southwest Regional Center of Excellence (PSWRCE) [U54 AI065359] FX This work was supported by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Grant given to O.A.N. at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). SNL is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Additional funding was provided by NIH grant AI069317 to B.L. and a UCLA Undergraduate Research Scholarship to D.C. We also acknowledge support from the Pacific Southwest Regional Center of Excellence (PSWRCE) through a subproject award to B.L. (U54 AI065359). NR 39 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 12 BP 6632 EP 6642 DI 10.1128/JVI.00076-12 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 953SS UT WOS:000304894100024 PM 22496210 ER PT J AU Haley, B Gallo, JB Kehr, A Perry, M Siao, D Smallen, W Torn, MS Williams, JH AF Haley, Benjamin Gallo, Jean-Baptiste Kehr, Abigail Perry, Michael Siao, David Smallen, William Torn, Margaret S. Williams, James H. TI The 2020 emissions reduction impact of urban water conservation in California SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article DE California; climate change mitigation; embedded energy; water conservation; water energy nexus AB This paper assesses the potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction impacts of urban water conservation. Using California as a case study, it estimates this co-benefit of California's statewide urban water conservation goal of 20% per capita reduction by 2020 (relative to a year 2000 baseline). We developed a model of a water supply system to assess the impact of reduced urban water demand on emissions. Embedded energy and emissions were established for each stage of the water supply cycle: supply and conveyance, treatment, distribution, end use and wastewater treatment. We conclude that water conservation, in addition to being an important strategy for adaptation to climate change, represents a significant opportunity for mitigation. Under policies that prioritize savings of water that is heated, the most energy-intensive process in the supply cycle, water conservation offers the potential to conserve 3.5 Mt CO(2)e in 2020. This result suggests that water conservation could be an important mitigation strategy in other states, even those that are not water-constrained and do not have highly energy intensive supply sources. C1 [Haley, Benjamin] Energy & Environm Econ, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [Haley, Benjamin; Gallo, Jean-Baptiste; Kehr, Abigail; Perry, Michael; Siao, David; Smallen, William; Williams, James H.] Monterey Inst Int Studies, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Torn, Margaret S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Haley, B (reprint author), Energy & Environm Econ, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. EM Ben@ethree.com RI Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015 FU Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc. FX The authors would like to thank Energy and Environmental Economics, Inc. for their support of this research. Specific thanks to Eric Cutter for his editing contributions and willingness to lend his expertise and time at all stages of the research. Additional thanks to Clayton Snyder and Tyler Espinoza for their contributions to supporting research. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 41 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 2040-2244 J9 J WATER CLIM CHANGE JI J. Water Clim. Chang. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 2 BP 151 EP 162 DI 10.2166/wcc.2012.047 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 958AD UT WOS:000305207300006 ER PT J AU Mehrtens, N Romer, AK Hilton, M Lloyd-Davies, EJ Miller, CJ Stanford, SA Hosmer, M Hoyle, B Collins, CA Liddle, AR Viana, PTP Nichol, RC Stott, JP Dubois, EN Kay, ST Sahlen, M Young, O Short, CJ Christodoulou, L Watson, WA Davidson, M Harrison, CD Baruah, L Smith, M Burke, C Mayers, JA Deadman, PJ Rooney, PJ Edmondson, EM West, M Campbell, HC Edge, AC Mann, RG Sabirli, K Wake, D Benoist, C da Costa, L Maia, MAG Ogando, R AF Mehrtens, Nicola Romer, A. Kathy Hilton, Matt Lloyd-Davies, E. J. Miller, Christopher J. Stanford, S. A. Hosmer, Mark Hoyle, Ben Collins, Chris A. Liddle, Andrew R. Viana, Pedro T. P. Nichol, Robert C. Stott, John P. Dubois, E. Naomi Kay, Scott T. Sahlen, Martin Young, Owain Short, C. J. Christodoulou, L. Watson, William A. Davidson, Michael Harrison, Craig D. Baruah, Leon Smith, Mathew Burke, Claire Mayers, Julian A. Deadman, Paul-James Rooney, Philip J. Edmondson, Edward M. West, Michael Campbell, Heather C. Edge, Alastair C. Mann, Robert G. Sabirli, Kivanc Wake, David Benoist, Christophe da Costa, Luiz Maia, Marcio A. G. Ogando, Ricardo TI The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic; surveys; galaxies: clusters: individual: XMMXCS J091821; 9+211446; 0; galaxies: distances and redshifts; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; LUMINOUS GALAXY CLUSTER; SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION; DATA REDUCTION; RED GALAXIES; LSS SURVEY; X-RAYS; CATALOG; REDSHIFT AB The XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) is a serendipitous search for galaxy clusters using all publicly available data in the XMMNewton Science Archive. Its main aims are to measure cosmological parameters and trace the evolution of X-ray scaling relations. In this paper we present the first data release from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS-DR1). This consists of 503 optically confirmed, serendipitously detected, X-ray clusters. Of these clusters, 256 are new to the literature and 357 are new X-ray discoveries. We present 463 clusters with a redshift estimate (0.06 < z < 1.46), including 261 clusters with spectroscopic redshifts. The remainder have photometric redshifts. In addition, we have measured X-ray temperatures (TX) for 401 clusters (0.4 < TX < 14.7 keV). We highlight seven interesting subsamples of XCS-DR1 clusters: (i) 10 clusters at high redshift (z > 1.0, including a new spectroscopically confirmed cluster at z= 1.01); (ii) 66 clusters with high TX (>5 keV); (iii) 130 clusters/groups with low TX (<2 keV); (iv) 27 clusters with measured TX values in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 co-add region; (v) 77 clusters with measured TX values in the Dark Energy Survey region; (vi) 40 clusters detected with sufficient counts to permit mass measurements (under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium); (vii) 104 clusters that can be used for applications such as the derivation of cosmological parameters and the measurement of cluster scaling relations. The X-ray analysis methodology used to construct and analyse the XCS-DR1 cluster sample has been presented in a companion paper, Lloyd-Davies et al. C1 [Mehrtens, Nicola; Romer, A. Kathy; Lloyd-Davies, E. J.; Hosmer, Mark; Liddle, Andrew R.; Young, Owain; Short, C. J.; Christodoulou, L.; Watson, William A.; Baruah, Leon; Mayers, Julian A.; Deadman, Paul-James; Rooney, Philip J.; Campbell, Heather C.; Sabirli, Kivanc] Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Hilton, Matt] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, Sch Math Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. [Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Miller, Christopher J.; Harrison, Craig D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hoyle, Ben] Inst Ciencies Cosmos ICCUB IEEC, Dept Fis, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Hoyle, Ben; Nichol, Robert C.; Smith, Mathew; Edmondson, Edward M.; Campbell, Heather C.] Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Hoyle, Ben] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Collins, Chris A.; Stott, John P.; Burke, Claire] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Viana, Pedro T. P.] Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Viana, Pedro T. P.] Univ Porto, Dept Fis & Astron, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Stott, John P.; Edge, Alastair C.; Wake, David] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Kay, Scott T.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Sahlen, Martin] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Davidson, Michael; Mann, Robert G.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Smith, Mathew] Univ Cape Town, ACGC, Dept Math & Appl Math, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [West, Michael] ESO, Santiago, Chile. [Wake, David] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Benoist, Christophe] Univ Nice, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur, CASSIOPEE,UMR 6202, F-06304 Nice 4, France. [Benoist, Christophe; da Costa, Luiz; Maia, Marcio A. G.; Ogando, Ricardo] Lab Interinst & Astron LIneA, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [da Costa, Luiz; Maia, Marcio A. G.; Ogando, Ricardo] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. RP Mehrtens, N (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. EM n.mehrtens@sussex.ac.uk RI Hilton, Matthew James/N-5860-2013; Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; OI Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; hoyle, ben/0000-0002-2571-1357; Viana, Pedro/0000-0003-1572-8531; Edge, Alastair/0000-0002-3398-6916; Sahlen, Martin/0000-0003-0973-4804 FU NSF [AST-0071048]; SDSS; SDSS-II; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S. Government [NAG W-2166]; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/F002858/1, ST/I000976/1, ST/H002391/1, PP/E001149/1, ST/G002592/1]; University of KwaZulu-Natal [ST/H002774/1, ST/I001204/1]; Leverhulme Trust; University of Sussex [FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4D3-IRG n 20218]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [PTDC/CTE-AST/64711/2006]; South East Physics Network; Swedish Research Council (VR) through Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics; RAS Hosie Bequest; University of Edinburgh; U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; Greek State Scholarship Foundation, trustee of the Nik FX We are most grateful to the support staff who operate the following observatories and to the organizations that fund them: the ESA XMM-Newton mission. The NOAO consists of KPNO near Tucson, Arizona, CTIO near La Serena, Chile, and the NOAO Gemini Science Center. NOAO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (NSF) on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministrio da Cincia e Tecnologia (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologa e Innovacin Productiva (Argentina). The Keck Observatory. The analysis pipeline used to reduce the DEIMOS data was developed at UC Berkeley with support from NSF grant AST-0071048. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community; we are fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. The W. M. Keck Observatory is a scientific partnership between the University of California and the California Institute of Technology, made possible by a generous gift of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The NTT ESO Telescope at the La Silla Observatory under programmes 077.A-0437, 078.A-0325, 080.A-0024, 081.A-843. The William Herschel Telescope which is operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias.; We also acknowledge the following public archives, surveys and analysis tools: the SDSS. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and a wide variety of the Participating Institutions (see www.sdss.org for details). The DSS produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U. S. Government grant NAG W-2166. The NED which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Chandra Data Archive (cxc.harvard.edu/cda). The IRAF reduction pipeline distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatories, which are operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The X-Ray Clusters Database (BAX) which is operated by the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Tarbes-Toulouse (LATT), under contract with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Montage, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project, under Cooperative Agreement Number NCC5-626 between NASA and the California Institute of Technology. Montage is maintained by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive. GAIA is a derivative of the Skycat catalogue and image display tool, developed as part of the VLT project at ESO. SKYCAT and GAIA are free software under the terms of the GNU copyright.; Financial support for this project includes: The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) through grants ST/F002858/1 and/or ST/I000976/1 (for EL-D, AKR, NM, MHo, ARL and MS), ST/H002391/1 and PP/E001149/1 (for CAC and JPS), ST/G002592/1 (for STK) and through studentships (for NM, HCC), ST/H002774/1 and ST/I001204/1 (for EME) The University of KwaZulu-Natal (for MHi). The Leverhulme Trust (for MHi). The University of Sussex (MHo, HCC, PD). FP7-PEOPLE-2007-4D3-IRG n 20218 (for BH). Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through the project PTDC/CTE-AST/64711/2006 (for PTPV). The South East Physics Network (for RCN, END, WAW). The Swedish Research Council (VR) through the Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics (for MS). The RAS Hosie Bequest and the University of Edinburgh (for MD). The U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48 (for SAS). The Greek State Scholarship Foundation, trustee of the Nik. D. Chrysovergis legacy (for LC). Parts of the manuscript were written during a visit by AKR to the Aspen Physics Center. NR 97 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 423 IS 2 BP 1024 EP 1052 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20931.x PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 956DU UT WOS:000305070900004 ER PT J AU Nordhaus, J Brandt, TD Burrows, A Almgren, A AF Nordhaus, J. Brandt, T. D. Burrows, A. Almgren, A. TI The hydrodynamic origin of neutron star kicks SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; stars: interiors; stars: neutron; pulsars: general; supernovae: general ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; ACCRETION-SHOCK INSTABILITY; CIRCLE-DOT STAR; RADIATION HYDRODYNAMICS; PROPER MOTIONS; RADIO PULSARS; SIMULATIONS; EXPLOSIONS; TRANSPORT; MECHANISM AB We present results from a suite of axisymmetric, core-collapse supernova simulations in which hydrodynamic recoil from an asymmetric explosion produces large protoneutron star (PNS) velocities. We use the adaptive mesh refinement code castro to self-consistently follow core collapse, the formation of the PNS and its subsequent acceleration. We obtain recoil velocities of up to 620 km s-1 at 1 s after bounce. These velocities are consistent with the observed distribution of pulsar kicks and with PNS velocities obtained in other theoretical calculations. Our PNSs are still accelerating at several hundred km s-1 at the end of our calculations, suggesting that even the highest velocity pulsars may be explained by hydrodynamic recoil in generic, core-collapse supernovae. C1 [Nordhaus, J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Computat Relat & Gravitat, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Nordhaus, J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Natl Tech Inst Deaf, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Nordhaus, J.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Nordhaus, J.; Brandt, T. D.; Burrows, A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Almgren, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nordhaus, J (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Computat Relat & Gravitat, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM nordhaus@astro.rit.edu FU NSF [AST-1102738, DGE-0646086, ND201387, NSF PHY-0822648, OCI-0905046]; NASA HST [AR-12146.04-A]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER41544]; Louisiana State University [44592]; SciDAC program [DE-FC02-06ER41438]; Office of High Energy Physics; Office of Mathematics, Information, and Computational Sciences under the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF via Louisiana State University [44592]; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; NICS [TG-AST100001]; Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE); Princeton University Office of Information Technology FX The authors thank Noam Soker, Thomas Janka, Annop Wongwathanarat and Ewald Mueller for comments which lead to an improved manuscript. JN is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1102738 and by NASA HST grant AR-12146.04-A. TDB is supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship under grant number DGE-0646086. AB is supported by the Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program of the DOE, under grant DE-FG02-08ER41544, the NSF under the subaward ND201387 to the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA, NSF PHY-0822648), and the NSF PetaApps program, under award OCI-0905046 via a subaward 44592 from Louisiana State University to Princeton University. Work at LBNL was supported in part by the SciDAC program under contract DE-FC02-06ER41438. AA is supported by the Office of High Energy Physics and the Office of Mathematics, Information, and Computational Sciences as part of the SciDAC program under the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors thank the members of the Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering (CCSE) at LBNL for their invaluable support for CASTRO.; Support for HPC storage and resources was provided by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC03-76SF00098, by NICS, on the Kraken supercomputer, provided by the National Science Foundation through the TeraGrid Advanced Support Program under grant TG-AST100001; by the TIGRESS High Performance Computing and Visualization Center at Princeton University, which is jointly supported by the Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE) and the Princeton University Office of Information Technology. NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 423 IS 2 BP 1805 EP 1812 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21002.x PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 956DU UT WOS:000305070900062 ER PT J AU Gesuele, F Sfeir, MY Koh, WK Murray, CB Heinz, TF Wong, CW AF Gesuele, F. Sfeir, M. Y. Koh, W-K Murray, C. B. Heinz, T. F. Wong, C. W. TI Ultrafast Supercontinuum Spectroscopy of Carrier Multiplication and Biexcitonic Effects in Excited States of PbS Quantum Dots SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Multiple-exciton generation; carrier multiplication; solar cells; ultrafast spectroscopy ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; EFFICIENCY; GENERATION; RELAXATION; CONVERSION; DYNAMICS; ENERGY AB We examine the population dynamics of multiple excitons in PbS quantum dots using spectrally resolved ultrafast supercontinuum transient absorption (SC-TA) measurements. We simultaneously probe the first three excitonic transitions. The transient spectra show the presence of bleaching of absorption for the 1S(h)-1S(e) transition, as well as transients associated with the 1P(h)-1P(e) transition. We examine signatures of carrier multiplication (multiple excitons arising from a single absorbed photon) from analysis of the bleaching features in the limit of low absorbed photon numbers (< N-abs > similar to 10(-2)) for pump photon energies from two to four times that of the band gap. The efficiency of multiple-exciton generation is discussed both in terms of the ratio between early- to long-time transient absorption signals and of a broadband global fit to the data. Analysis of the population dynamics shows that bleaching associated with biexciton population is red shifted with respect to the single exciton feature, which is in accordance with a positive binding energy for the biexciton. C1 [Gesuele, F.; Wong, C. W.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Integrated Sci & Engn Solid State Sci & Engn, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Sfeir, M. Y.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Koh, W-K; Murray, C. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Murray, C. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Heinz, T. F.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Heinz, T. F.] Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Gesuele, F (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Integrated Sci & Engn Solid State Sci & Engn, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM fg2251@columbia.edu; cww2104@columbia.edu RI gesuele, felice/C-9668-2013; Koh, Weon-kyu/G-8623-2013; gesuele, felice/L-1372-2015; Heinz, Tony/K-7797-2015; OI Heinz, Tony/0000-0003-1365-9464; Koh, Weon-kyu/0000-0002-6913-4184; Sfeir, Matthew/0000-0001-5619-5722; GESUELE, Felice/0000-0003-3179-2074 FU Center for Redefining Photovoltaic Efficiency through Molecule Scale Control; Energy Frontier Research Center; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0001085]; National Science Foundation [DMS-0935165]; Nano/Bio Interface Center [DMR-0832802]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors acknowledge discussions with Drs. Jonathan Schuller, Jonathan Owen, James Misewich, James Yardley, David Reichman, and Charles Black. This work was supported by the Center for Redefining Photovoltaic Efficiency through Molecule Scale Control, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Award DE-SC0001085. Sample preparation by C.B.M. and W.K.K. was supported by the National Science Foundation through Award DMS-0935165, with partial support through the Nano/Bio Interface Center (Award NSEC DMR-0832802). Research carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 47 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 99 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2658 EP 2664 DI 10.1021/nl2021224 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400002 PM 22149990 ER PT J AU Lee, JRI Whitley, HD Meulenberg, RW Wolcott, A Zhang, JZ Prendergast, D Lovingood, DD Strouse, GF Ogitsu, T Schwegler, E Terminello, LJ van Buuren, T AF Lee, Jonathan R. I. Whitley, Heather D. Meulenberg, Robert W. Wolcott, Abraham Zhang, Jin Z. Prendergast, David Lovingood, Derek D. Strouse, Geoffrey F. Ogitsu, Tadashi Schwegler, Eric Terminello, Louis J. van Buuren, Tony TI Ligand-Mediated Modification of the Electronic Structure of CdSe Quantum Dots SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE X-ray absorption spectroscopy; quantum dot; electronic structure; ab initio modeling; surface passivation; CdSe ID SURFACE; NANOCRYSTALLITES; EXCHANGE AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy and ab initio modeling of the experimental spectra have been used to investigate the effects of surface passivation on the unoccupied electronic states of CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Significant differences are observed in the unoccupied electronic structure of the CdSe QDs, which are shown to arise from variations in specific ligand-surface bonding interactions. C1 [Lee, Jonathan R. I.; Whitley, Heather D.; Ogitsu, Tadashi; Schwegler, Eric; van Buuren, Tony] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Meulenberg, Robert W.] Univ Maine, Surface Sci & Technol Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Meulenberg, Robert W.] Univ Maine, Dept Phys & Astron, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Wolcott, Abraham; Zhang, Jin Z.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Prendergast, David] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lovingood, Derek D.; Strouse, Geoffrey F.] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Terminello, Louis J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Whitley, HD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM whitley3@llnl.gov; robert.meulenberg@maine.edu RI Schwegler, Eric/A-2436-2016; OI Schwegler, Eric/0000-0003-3635-7418; Meulenberg, Robert/0000-0003-2696-8792; Whitley, Heather/0000-0002-2344-8698 FU LDRD at LLNL [07-LW-041]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Materials Science Division (MSD), of the U.S. DOE; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Office of Science, OBES, MSD, of the U.S. DOE at LBNL [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; OBES Division of the U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-ER46232] FX The authors thank beamline 9.3.1 and beamline 8.0.1 staff (W. Stolte, F. Schlachter, J. Denlinger, and W. Yang) for outstanding support and Y. Kanai for valuable discussions. Project 07-LW-041 was funded by the LDRD Program at LLNL. This work was partially supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Materials Science Division (MSD), under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Assistance in the theory, interpretation, and analysis of XAS provided by D.P. through a User Project at the Molecular Foundry. The work conducted at the ALS is supported by the Director, Office of Science, OBES, MSD, of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 at LBNL. J.Z.Z. is grateful to the OBES Division of the U.S. DOE (DE-FG02-ER46232) for support. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 73 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2763 EP 2767 DI 10.1021/nl300886h PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400019 PM 22594309 ER PT J AU Shi, YM Zhou, W Lu, AY Fang, WJ Lee, YH Hsu, AL Kim, SM Kim, KK Yang, HY Li, LJ Idrobo, JC Kong, J AF Shi, Yumeng Zhou, Wu Lu, Ang-Yu Fang, Wenjing Lee, Yi-Hsien Hsu, Allen Long Kim, Soo Min Kim, Ki Kang Yang, Hui Ying Li, Lain-Jong Idrobo, Juan-Carlos Kong, Jing TI van der Waals Epitaxy of MoS2 Layers Using Graphene As Growth Templates SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Chemical vapor deposition; van der Waals epitaxy; molybdenum disulfide; graphene; STEM imaging ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; PHOTOCATALYTIC H-2 EVOLUTION; VISIBLE-LIGHT IRRADIATION; LARGE-AREA; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; VANDERWAALS EPITAXY; ATOMIC LAYERS; HIGH-QUALITY; FILMS AB We present a method for synthesizing MoS2/Graphene hybrid heterostructures with a growth template of graphene-covered Cu foil. Compared to other recent reports,(1,2) a much lower growth temperature of 400 degrees C is required for this procedure. The chemical vapor deposition of MoS2 on the graphene surface gives rise to single crystalline hexagonal flakes with a typical lateral size ranging from several hundred nanometers to several micrometers. The precursor (ammonium thiomolybdate) together with solvent was transported to graphene surface by a carrier gas at room temperature, which was then followed by post annealing. At an elevated temperature, the precursor self-assembles to form MoS2 flakes epitaxially on the graphene surface via thermal decomposition. With higher amount of precursor delivered onto the graphene surface, a continuous MoS2 film on graphene can be obtained. This simple chemical vapor deposition method provides a unique approach for the synthesis of graphene heterostructures and surface functionalization of graphene. The synthesized two-dimensional MoS2/Graphene hybrids possess great potential toward the development of new optical and electronic devices as well as a wide variety of newly synthesizable compounds for catalysts. C1 [Shi, Yumeng; Fang, Wenjing; Lee, Yi-Hsien; Hsu, Allen Long; Kim, Soo Min; Kim, Ki Kang; Kong, Jing] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Shi, Yumeng; Yang, Hui Ying] Singapore Univ Technol & Design, Singapore 138682, Singapore. [Lu, Ang-Yu; Lee, Yi-Hsien; Li, Lain-Jong] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Zhou, Wu] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Zhou, Wu; Idrobo, Juan-Carlos] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kong, J (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jingkong@mit.edu RI Zhou, Wu/D-8526-2011; Li, Lain-Jong/D-5244-2011; Idrobo, Juan/H-4896-2015; Lu, Ang-Yu/P-5563-2015; Shi, Yumeng/A-7349-2012 OI Zhou, Wu/0000-0002-6803-1095; Li, Lain-Jong/0000-0002-4059-7783; Idrobo, Juan/0000-0001-7483-9034; Shi, Yumeng/0000-0002-9623-3778 FU National Science Foundation [DMR 0845358]; Interconnect Focus Center (IFC); Materials, Structure, and Devices (MSD); Semiconductor Research Corporation; National Research Foundation of Korea [DMR-0938330]; Korean Government [NRF-2011-357- C00028]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Academia Sinica; National Science Council in Taiwan [NSC-99-2112-M-001-021-MY3] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Award Number DMR 0845358. W.J.F. acknowledges the support from Interconnect Focus Center (IFC), and K.K.K. acknowledges the support from the Materials, Structure, and Devices (MSD); both are among the five programs in the focus center research program (FCRP), a Semiconductor Research Corporation program. S.M.K. acknowledges the support from National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2011-357- C00028). W.Z. acknowledges the support from the National Science Foundation under award No. DMR-0938330; J.C.I. acknowledges support from Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. L.J.L. acknowledges the support from Academia Sinica and National Science Council in Taiwan (NSC-99-2112-M-001-021-MY3). NR 52 TC 382 Z9 385 U1 77 U2 739 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2784 EP 2791 DI 10.1021/nl204562J PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400023 PM 22642717 ER PT J AU Zhao, S Fathololoumi, S Bevan, KH Liu, DP Kibria, MG Li, Q Wang, GT Guo, H Mi, Z AF Zhao, S. Fathololoumi, S. Bevan, K. H. Liu, D. P. Kibria, M. G. Li, Q. Wang, G. T. Guo, Hong Mi, Z. TI Tuning the Surface Charge Properties of Epitaxial InN Nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanowire; InN; electron accumulation; two-dimensional electron gas; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; photoluminescence ID BAND-GAP; SEMICONDUCTORS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB We have investigated the correlated surface electronic and optical properties of [0001]-oriented epitaxial InN nanowires grown directly on silicon. By dramatically improving the epitaxial growth process, we have achieved, for the first time, intrinsic InN both within the bulk and at nonpolar InN surfaces. The near-surface Fermi-level was measured to be similar to 0.55 eV above the valence band maximum for undoped InN nanowires, suggesting the absence of surface electron accumulation and Fermi-level pinning. This result is in direct contrast to the problematic degenerate two-dimensional electron gas universally observed on grown surfaces of n-type degenerate InN. We have further demonstrated that the surface charge properties of InN nanowires, including the formation of two-dimensional electron gas and the optical emission characteristics can be precisely tuned through controlled n-type doping. At relatively high doping levels in this study, the near-surface Fermi-level was found to be pinned at,similar to 0.95-1.3 eV above the valence band maximum. Through these trends, well captured by the effective mass and ab initio materials modeling, we have unambiguously identified the definitive role of surface doping in tuning the surface charge properties of InN. C1 [Zhao, S.; Fathololoumi, S.; Kibria, M. G.; Mi, Z.] McGill Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. [Bevan, K. H.] McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. [Liu, D. P.; Guo, Hong] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. [Li, Q.; Wang, G. T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Mi, Z (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 3480 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada. EM zetian.mi@mcgill.ca RI Wang, George/C-9401-2009; Guo, Hong/A-8084-2010 OI Wang, George/0000-0001-9007-0173; FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); U.S. Army Research Office; McGill University; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL 85000] FX This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies, Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), U.S. Army Research Office, and McGill University. Part of the work was performed in the Micro-fabrication Facility at McGill University. Computational resources were provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation Network for Computational Nanotechnology and by Compute Canada through CFI. Some of the XPS studies were performed at Sandia and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 NR 47 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 6 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2877 EP 2882 DI 10.1021/nl300476d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400038 PM 22545811 ER PT J AU Deceglie, MG Ferry, VE Alivisatos, AP Atwater, HA AF Deceglie, Michael G. Ferry, Vivian E. Alivisatos, A. Paul Atwater, Harry A. TI Design of Nanostructured Solar Cells Using Coupled Optical and Electrical Modeling SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Thin film solar cells; plasmon; nanophotonic; light trapping; simulation; device physics; silicon; photovoltaics ID OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE AB Nanostructured light trapping has emerged as a promising route toward improved efficiency in solar cells. We use coupled optical and electrical modeling to guide optimization of such nanostructures. We study thin-film n-i-p a-Si:H devices and demonstrate that nanostructures can be tailored to minimize absorption in the doped a-Si:H, improving carrier collection efficiency. This suggests a method for device optimization in which optical design not only maximizes absorption, but also ensures resulting carriers are efficiently collected. C1 [Deceglie, Michael G.; Atwater, Harry A.] CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ferry, Vivian E.; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ferry, Vivian E.; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Atwater, HA (reprint author), CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM haa@caltech.edu RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU Energy Frontiers Research Center, United States Department of Energy [DE-SC0001293]; LBL [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DOE DE-FG02-07ER46405] FX We are grateful to Michael Kelzenberg, Daniel Turner-Evans, and Matthew Sheldon for useful discussions and assistance with the manuscript. This work was supported by the "Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion" Energy Frontiers Research Center, United States Department of Energy under Grant DE-SC0001293, LBL contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. M.D. acknowledges support by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract number DOE DE-FG02-07ER46405. NR 37 TC 122 Z9 124 U1 2 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2894 EP 2900 DI 10.1021/nl300483y PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400041 PM 22574816 ER PT J AU Laurence, TA Braun, GB Reich, NO Moskovits, M AF Laurence, Ted A. Braun, Gary B. Reich, Norbert O. Moskovits, Martin TI Robust SERS Enhancement Factor Statistics Using Rotational Correlation Spectroscopy SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Surface-enhanced Raman scattering; localized surface plasmons; metallic nanoparticles; single particle spectroscopy; correlation spectroscopy ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; PH AB We characterize the distribution of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) enhancement factors observed in individual hot spots of single Ag "nanocapsules", encapsulated Ag nanoparticle dimers formed via controlled nanoparticle linking, polymer encapsulation, and small molecule infusion. The enhancement factors are calculated for over 1000 individual nanocapsules by comparing Raman scattering intensities of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) measured from single SERS hot spots to intensities measured from high-concentration solutions of MBA. Correlation spectroscopy measurements of the rotational diffusion identify nanocapsules with signals dominated by single hot spots via their strong polarization response. Averaging over the entire surface of the nanocapsules, the distribution of enhancement factors is found to range from 10(6) to 10(8), with a mean of 6 X 10(6). Averaging only over nanoparticle junctions (where most SERS signals are expected) increases this average value to 10(8), with a range from 2 X 10(7) to 2 X 10(9). This significant statistical sampling shows that very high SERS enhancement factors can be obtained on a consistent basis using nanoparticle linking. C1 [Laurence, Ted A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Braun, Gary B.; Reich, Norbert O.; Moskovits, Martin] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Laurence, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM laurence2@llnl.gov RI Laurence, Ted/E-4791-2011; Braun, Gary/A-4913-2009 OI Laurence, Ted/0000-0003-1474-779X; Braun, Gary/0000-0002-6301-0228 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies from U.S. Army Research Office [DAAD19-03-D- 0004] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. M.M. acknowledges support by the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies through grant DAAD19-03-D- 0004 from the U.S. Army Research Office. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2912 EP 2917 DI 10.1021/nl3005447 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400044 PM 22551121 ER PT J AU Lee, EK Yin, L Lee, Y Lee, JW Lee, SJ Lee, J Cha, SN Whang, D Hwang, GS Hippalgaonkar, K Majumdar, A Yu, C Choi, BL Kim, JM Kim, K AF Lee, Eun Kyung Yin, Liang Lee, Yongjin Lee, Jong Woon Lee, Sang Jin Lee, Junho Cha, Seung Nam Whang, Dongmok Hwang, Gyeong S. Hippalgaonkar, Kedar Majumdar, Arun Yu, Choongho Choi, Byoung Lyong Kim, Jong Min Kim, Kinam TI Large Thermoelectric Figure-of-Merits from SiGe Nanowires by Simultaneously Measuring Electrical and Thermal Transport Properties SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Simultaneous measurement; thermal conductivity reduction; alloy scattering; boundary scattering ID BULK ALLOYS; SILICON; CONDUCTIVITY; MODEL; GE AB The strongly correlated thermoelectric properties have been a major hurdle for high-performance thermoelectric energy conversion. One possible approach to avoid such correlation is to suppress phonon transport by scattering at the surface of confined nanowire structures. However, phonon characteristic lengths are broad in crystalline solids, which makes nanowires insufficient to fully suppress heat transport. Here, we employed Si-Ge alloy as well as nanowire structures to maximize the depletion of heat-carrying phonons. This results in a thermal conductivity as low as similar to 1.2 W/m-K at 450 K, showing a large thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) of similar to 0.46 compared with those of SiGe bulks and even ZT over 2 at 800 K theoretically. All thermoelectric properties were "simultaneously" measured from the same nanowires to facilitate accurate ZT measurements. The surface-boundary scattering is prominent when the nanowire diameter is over similar to 100 nm, whereas alloying plays a more important role in suppressing phonon transport for smaller ones. C1 [Yin, Liang; Yu, Choongho] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lee, Eun Kyung; Lee, Sang Jin; Cha, Seung Nam; Choi, Byoung Lyong; Kim, Jong Min] Samsung Elect, Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Frontier Res Lab, Yongin 446712, Kyunggi Do, South Korea. [Lee, Yongjin; Hwang, Gyeong S.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Lee, Jong Woon; Whang, Dongmok] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Adv Mat Sci & Engn, Suwon, Kyunggi Do, South Korea. [Lee, Junho] Samsung Elect, Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Analyt Engn Grp, Yongin 446712, Kyunggi Do, South Korea. [Hippalgaonkar, Kedar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Majumdar, Arun] US DOE, ARPA E, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Yu, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM chyu@tamu.edu; choibl@samsung.com; jong.kim@eng.ox.ac.uk RI Yin, Liang /F-5972-2011; Lee, Yongjin/F-8762-2014; Hippalgaonkar, Kedar/K-2196-2015; OI Whang, Dongmok/0000-0001-9449-0597 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [0854467]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0609]; National Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0001645]; Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) FX C.Y. and L.Y. acknowledge the financial support from the U.S. National Science Foundation (0854467), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-09-1-0609), and the Pioneer Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (2011-0001645) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST). NR 28 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 15 U2 103 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 2918 EP 2923 DI 10.1021/nl300587u PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400045 PM 22548377 ER PT J AU Cho, J Smerdon, J Gao, L Suzer, O Guest, JR Guisinger, NP AF Cho, Jongweon Smerdon, Joseph Gao, Li Suezer, Oezguen Guest, Jeffrey R. Guisinger, Nathan P. TI Structural and Electronic Decoupling of C-60 from Epitaxial Graphene on SiC SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; C-60 Sic; scanning tunneling spectroscopy; STM; photovoltaic; charge transfer ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; BAND-GAP; METAL; MOLECULES; GRAPHITE; SURFACES; CARBON; C-70; C60 AB We have investigated the initial stages of growth and the electronic structure of C-60 molecules on graphene grown epitaxially on SiC(0001) at the single molecule level using cryogenic ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. We observe that the first layer of C-60 molecules self-assembles into a well-ordered, close-packed arrangement on graphene upon molecular deposition at room temperature while exhibiting a subtle C-60 superlattice. We measure a highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap of similar to 3.S eV for the C-60 molecules on graphene in submonolayer regime, indicating a significantly smaller amount of charge transfer from the graphene to C-60 and substrate-induced screening as compared to C-60 adsorbed on metallic substrates. Our results have important implications for the use of graphene device applications that require electronic decoupling between functional molecular adsorbates and substrates. C1 [Cho, Jongweon; Smerdon, Joseph; Gao, Li; Suezer, Oezguen; Guest, Jeffrey R.; Guisinger, Nathan P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Cho, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM jwcho@caltech.edu RI Guest, Jeffrey/B-2715-2009; Cho, Jongweon/F-3704-2011; Suzer, Ozgun/H-5149-2013 OI Guest, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9756-8801; Suzer, Ozgun/0000-0003-1032-5899 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under "SISGR" [DE-FG02-09ER16109, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DARPA [MIPR 10-E533] FX The use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under "SISGR" Contract No. DE-FG02-09ER16109 and Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work is also supported by DARPA contract MIPR 10-E533. NR 47 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 116 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3018 EP 3024 DI 10.1021/nl3008049 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400062 PM 22577895 ER PT J AU Kundu, J Ghosh, Y Dennis, AM Htoon, H Hollingsworth, JA AF Kundu, Janardan Ghosh, Yagnaseni Dennis, Allison M. Htoon, Han Hollingsworth, Jennifer A. TI Giant Nanocrystal Quantum Dots: Stable Down-Conversion Phosphors that Exploit a Large Stokes Shift and Efficient Shell-to-Core Energy Relaxation SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Giant nanocrystal quantum dot (g-NQD); stable red phosphor; self-reabsorption; Stokes shift; down-conversion light-emitting device ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; SEMICONDUCTOR-NANOCRYSTALS; CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; POLYMER COMPOSITES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION; FILMS; CDSE AB A new class of nanocrystal quantum dot (NQD), the "giant" NQD (g-NQD), was investigated for its potential to address outstanding issues associated with the use of NQDs as down-conversion phosphors in light-emitting devices, namely, insufficient chemical/photostability and extensive self-reabsorption when packed in high densities or in thick films. Here, we demonstrate that g-NQDs afford significantly enhanced operational stability compared to their conventional NQD counterparts and minimal self-reabsorption losses. The latter results from a characteristic large Stokes shift (>100 nm; >0.39 eV), which itself is a manifestation of the internal structure of these uniquely thick-shelled NQDs. In carefully prepared g-NQDs, light absorption occurs predominantly in the shell but emission occurs exclusively from the core. We directly compare for the first time the processes of shell -> core energy relaxation and core -> core energy transfer by evaluating CdS -> CdSe down-conversion of blue -> red light in g-NQDs and in a comparable mixed-NQD (CdSe and CdS) thin film, revealing that the internal energy relaxation process affords a more efficient and color-pure conversion of blue to red light compared to energy transfer. Lastly, we demonstrate the facile fabrication of white-light devices with correlated color temperature tuned from similar to 3200 to 5800 K. C1 [Kundu, Janardan; Ghosh, Yagnaseni; Dennis, Allison M.; Htoon, Han; Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hollingsworth, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jenn@lanl.gov RI Dennis, Allison/A-7654-2014; OI Htoon, Han/0000-0003-3696-2896 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD); Single Investigator Small Group [2009LANL1096]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Office of Science (OS), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) FX Y.G. and H.H. acknowledge support by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program. A.M.D and J.A.H. acknowledge a Single Investigator Small Group Research Grant (2009LANL1096), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Office of Science (OS), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). J.K. is supported in part by a Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) postdoctoral research award. This work was performed at CINT, a U.S. DOE, OBES nanoscale science research center and user facility. NR 35 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 10 U2 89 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3031 EP 3037 DI 10.1021/nl3008659 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400064 PM 22568894 ER PT J AU Pennycook, TJ McBride, JR Rosenthal, SJ Pennycook, SJ Pantelides, ST AF Pennycook, Timothy J. McBride, James R. Rosenthal, Sandra J. Pennycook, Stephen J. Pantelides, Sokrates T. TI Dynamic Fluctuations in Ultrasmall Nanocrystals Induce White Light Emission SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanocrystals; quantum dots; fluxionality; scanning transmission electron microscopy; density functional theory ID CADMIUM SELENIDE NANOCRYSTALS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; SIZE; CRYSTALLITES; PARTICLES; MOLECULES; POLYMER; STATE AB Individual ultrasmall CdSe nanocrystals have recently been found to emit white light, but the ultimate origin of the phenomenon has remained elusive. Here we use a combination of state-of-the-art experiment and theory to show that excitation sets the ultrasmall nanocrystals into a fluxional state. Their energy gaps vary continuously on a femtosecond time scale, so that even an individual nanocrystal can emit across the entire visual range. In addition, we observe the outer layers of the larger monochromatic emitting nanocrystals to be fluxional. Such fluxionality should be considered when optimizing nanocrystals for applications. Thus, small is indeed different, but ultrasmall is different yet again. C1 [Pennycook, Timothy J.; Rosenthal, Sandra J.; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Pennycook, Timothy J.; Rosenthal, Sandra J.; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McBride, James R.; Rosenthal, Sandra J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Pantelides, Sokrates T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Pennycook, TJ (reprint author), SuperSTEM, Daresbury, England. EM timothy.pennycook@materials.ox.ac.uk RI McBride, James/D-2934-2012; Pennycook, Timothy/B-4946-2014 OI McBride, James/0000-0003-0161-7283; Pennycook, Timothy/0000-0002-0008-6516 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER46554]; McMinn Endowment; National Science Foundation [EPS 1004083] FX The authors are grateful to A. R. Lupini for assistance with Digital Micrograph scripting. Research at Vanderbilt was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-09ER46554 (T.J.P. and S.T.P.), the McMinn Endowment (S.T.P.), and the National Science Foundation grant EPS 1004083 (J.R.M. and S.J.R). Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (S.J.P.). Computations were performed at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 31 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3038 EP 3042 DI 10.1021/nl3008727 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400065 PM 22568665 ER PT J AU Iablokov, V Beaumont, SK Alayoglu, S Pushkarev, VV Specht, C Gao, JH Alivisatos, AP Kruse, N Somorjai, GA AF Iablokov, Viacheslav Beaumont, Simon K. Alayoglu, Selim Pushkarev, Vladimir V. Specht, Colin Gao, Jinghua Alivisatos, A. Paul Kruse, Norbert Somorjai, Gabor A. TI Size-Controlled Model Co Nanoparticle Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Reactions SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Cobalt nanoparticles; CO2 hydrogenation; heterogeneous catalysis; catalytic poisoning ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; COBALT NANORODS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SHAPE CONTROL; SPECTROSCOPY; NANOCRYSTALS; OXIDATION; FE AB Model cobalt catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation were prepared using colloidal chemistry. The turnover frequency at 6 bar and at 200-300 degrees C increased with cobalt nanoparticle size from 3 to 10 nm. It was demonstrated that near monodisperse nanoparticles in the size range of 3-10 nm could be generated without using trioctylphosphine oxide, a capping ligand that we demonstrate results in phosphorus being present on the metal surface and poisoning catalyst activity in our application. C1 [Alivisatos, A. Paul; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Iablokov, Viacheslav; Beaumont, Simon K.; Alayoglu, Selim; Pushkarev, Vladimir V.; Specht, Colin; Alivisatos, A. Paul; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Iablokov, Viacheslav; Kruse, Norbert] Univ Libre Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Gao, Jinghua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@berkeley.edu RI Beaumont, Simon/F-5272-2012; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Beaumont, Simon/0000-0002-1973-9783; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Total, France; BRIC (Bureau des Relations Internationales et la Cooperation de l'ULB) FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Nanoparticle imaging and spectroscopy were performed as a user project at the Molecular Foundry and National Center for Electron Microscopy, and NEXAFS was performed at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We gratefully acknowledge funding from Total, France. V.I. gratefully acknowledges a BRIC grant (Bureau des Relations Internationales et la Cooperation de l'ULB). NR 26 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 9 U2 190 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3091 EP 3096 DI 10.1021/nl300973b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400073 PM 22551216 ER PT J AU Rathmell, AR Nguyen, M Chi, MF Wiley, BJ AF Rathmell, Aaron R. Minh Nguyen Chi, Miaofang Wiley, Benjamin J. TI Synthesis of Oxidation-Resistant Cupronickel Nanowires for Transparent Conducting Nanowire Networks SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nickel; copper; nanowires; transparent conductor ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CARBON NANOTUBE FILMS; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRODES; POLYMER AB Nanowires of copper can be coated from liquids to create flexible, transparent conducting films that can potentially replace the dominant transparent conductor, indium tin oxide, in displays, solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes, and electrochromic windows. One issue with these nanowire films is that copper is prone to oxidation. It was hypothesized that the resistance to oxidation could be improved by coating copper nanowires with nickel. This work demonstrates a method for synthesizing copper nanowires with nickel shells as well as the properties of cupronickel nanowires in transparent conducting films. Time- and temperature-dependent sheet resistance measurements indicate that the sheet resistance of copper and silver nanowire films will double after 3 and 36 months at room temperature, respectively. In contrast, the sheet resistance of cupronickel nanowires containing 20 mol % nickel will double in about 400 years. Coating copper nanowires to a ratio of 2:1 Cu:Ni gave them a neutral gray color, making them more suitable for use in displays and electrochromic windows. These properties, and the fact that copper and nickel are 1000 times more abundant than indium or silver, make cupronickel nanowires a promising alternative for the sustainable, efficient production of transparent conductors. C1 [Rathmell, Aaron R.; Minh Nguyen; Wiley, Benjamin J.] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Chi, Miaofang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Microscopy Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wiley, BJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Chem, 124 Sci Dr,Box 90354, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM benjamin.wiley@duke.edu RI Wiley, Benjamin/A-7003-2008; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015 OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567 FU Duke University; NSF's Research Triangle MRSEC [DMR-1121107]; ORNL's Share User Facility; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Department of Chemistry at Duke University; Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award FX This research was supported by start-up funds from Duke University, NSF's Research Triangle MRSEC (DMR-1121107), and ORNL's Share User Facility, which is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. A.R.R. acknowledges support from the Paul M. Gross fellowship from the Department of Chemistry at Duke University and the NSF's Research Triangle MRSEC. B.J.W. acknowledges support from a Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award. NR 49 TC 134 Z9 135 U1 15 U2 220 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3193 EP 3199 DI 10.1021/nl301168r PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400090 PM 22642652 ER PT J AU Liu, N Wu, H McDowell, MT Yao, Y Wang, CM Cui, Y AF Liu, Nian Wu, Hui McDowell, Matthew T. Yao, Yan Wang, Chongmin Cui, Yi TI A Yolk-Shell Design for Stabilized and Scalable Li-Ion Battery Alloy Anodes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Silicon nanoparticle; Li-ion battery; anode; yolk-shell; solid-electrolyte interphase; in situ TEM ID SILICON NANOWIRES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; HIGH-CAPACITY; LITHIUM; SIZE; ELECTRODE; NANOPARTICLES; MICROSPHERES; LITHIATION; FRACTURE AB Silicon is regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for next generation lithium-ion batteries. For use in practical applications, a Si electrode must have high capacity, long cycle life, high efficiency, and the fabrication must be industrially scalable. Here, we design and fabricate a yolk-shell structure to meet all these needs. The fabrication is carried out without special equipment and mostly at room temperature. Commercially available Si nanoparticles are completely sealed inside conformal, thin, self-supporting carbon shells, with rationally designed void space in between the particles and the shell. The well-defined void space allows the Si particles to expand freely without breaking the outer carbon shell, therefore stabilizing the solid-electrolyte interphase on the shell surface. High capacity (similar to 2800 mAh/g at C/10), long cycle life (1000 cycles with 74% capacity retention), and high Coulombic efficiency (99.84%) have been realized in this yolk-shell structured Si electrode. C1 [Wu, Hui; McDowell, Matthew T.; Yao, Yan; Cui, Yi] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Liu, Nian] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wang, Chongmin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Cui, Yi] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Cui, Y (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM yicui@stanford.edu RI Wu, Hui/I-7288-2012; Cui, Yi/L-5804-2013; Yao, Yan/D-7774-2011 OI Cui, Yi/0000-0002-6103-6352; Yao, Yan/0000-0002-8785-5030 FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program [6951379]; Chevron Stanford Graduate Fellowship; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship; National Science Foundation; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO1830] FX This work was partially supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231) and the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program (subcontract no. 6951379). M.T.M. acknowledges support from the Chevron Stanford Graduate Fellowship, the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship, and the National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship. C.M.W. acknowledges support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The in situ TEM work was conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. NR 39 TC 589 Z9 600 U1 152 U2 1039 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3315 EP 3321 DI 10.1021/nl3014814 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400110 PM 22551164 ER PT J AU Qian, F Brewster, M Lim, SK Ling, YC Greene, C Laboutin, O Johnson, JW Gradecak, S Cao, Y Li, Y AF Qian, Fang Brewster, Megan Lim, Sung K. Ling, Yichuan Greene, Christopher Laboutin, Oleg Johnson, Jerry W. Gradecak, Silvija Cao, Yu Li, Yat TI Controlled Synthesis of AlN/GaN Multiple Quantum Well Nanowire Structures and Their Optical Properties SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE GaN; AlN; Nanowire Heterostructures; Multiple Quantum Wells; Cathodoluminscence; Photoluminescence ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ALLOY NANOWIRES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; GROWTH; FIELD; TRANSISTORS; EMISSION; DEVICES; LASERS; GAN AB We report the controlled synthesis of AlN/GaN multi-quantum well (MQW) radial nanowire heterostructures by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The structure consists of a single-crystal GaN nanowire core and an epitaxially grown (AlN/GaN)(m) (m = 3, 13) MQW shell. Optical excitation of individual MQW nanowires yielded strong, blue-shifted photoluminescence in the range 340-360 nm, with respect to the GaN near band-edge emission at 368.8 nm. Cathodoluminescence analysis on the cross-sectional MQW nanowire samples showed that the blue-shifted ultraviolet luminescence originated from the GaN quantum wells, while the defect-associated yellow luminescence was emitted from the GaN core. Computational simulation provided a quantitative analysis of the mini-band energies in the AlN/GaN superlattices and suggested the observed blue-shifted emission corresponds to the interband transitions between the second subbands of GaN, as a result of quantum confinement and strain effect in these AlN/GaN MQW nanowire structures. C1 [Laboutin, Oleg; Johnson, Jerry W.; Cao, Yu] Kopin Corp, Taunton, MA 02780 USA. [Qian, Fang] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Brewster, Megan; Lim, Sung K.; Gradecak, Silvija] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ling, Yichuan; Greene, Christopher; Li, Yat] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Cao, Y (reprint author), Kopin Corp, 200 John Hancock Rd, Taunton, MA 02780 USA. EM yu_cao@kopin.com; yli@chemistry.ucsc.edu RI Cao, Yu/E-4990-2011; Zong, Xu/B-7149-2013; Ling, Yichuan/I-9567-2016 OI Li, Yat/0000-0002-8058-2084; FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DEAC52-07NA27344]; UCSC; NSF [DMR-0847786, DMR-0745555]; National Center for Electron Microscopy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory by U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to Professor Charles M. Lieber for offering fabrication and measurement facilities as well as helpful discussions. We thank Tian Fang for the helpful discussion on computational simulation. F.Q thanks Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory institutional postdoctoral support, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DEAC52-07NA27344. Y.L. acknowledges the support of this work by UCSC new faculty startup fund, NSF (DMR-0847786), and National Center for Electron Microscopy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231). S.G. acknowledges NSF CAREER Award DMR-0745555. NR 52 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 6 U2 85 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 6 BP 3344 EP 3350 DI 10.1021/nl301690e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 956RI UT WOS:000305106400115 PM 22594533 ER PT J AU Knight, R Jansson, J Field, D Fierer, N Desai, N Fuhrman, JA Hugenholtz, P van der Lelie, D Meyer, F Stevens, R Bailey, MJ Gordon, JI Kowalchuk, GA Gilbert, JA AF Knight, Rob Jansson, Janet Field, Dawn Fierer, Noah Desai, Narayan Fuhrman, Jed A. Hugenholtz, Phil van der Lelie, Daniel Meyer, Folker Stevens, Rick Bailey, Mark J. Gordon, Jeffrey I. Kowalchuk, George A. Gilbert, Jack A. TI Unlocking the potential of metagenomics through replicated experimental design SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE-ANALYSIS SYSTEM; WESTERN ENGLISH-CHANNEL; GUT MICROBIOME; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; BACTERIAL; COMMUNITIES; REVEALS; GENOMES; ENTEROTYPES AB Metagenomics holds enormous promise for discovering novel enzymes and organisms that are biomarkers or drivers of processes relevant to disease, industry and the environment. In the past two years, we have seen a paradigm shift in metagenomics to the application of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies enabled by advances in DNA sequencing and high-performance computing. These technologies now make it possible to broadly assess microbial diversity and function, allowing systematic investigation of the largely unexplored frontier of microbial life. To achieve this aim, the global scientific community must collaborate and agree upon common objectives and data standards to enable comparative research across the Earth's microbiome. Improvements in comparability of data will facilitate the study of biotechnologically relevant processes, such as bioprospecting for new glycoside hydrolases or identifying novel energy sources. C1 [Knight, Rob] Univ Colorado, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Knight, Rob] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jansson, Janet] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jansson, Janet] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Jansson, Janet] Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Field, Dawn; Bailey, Mark J.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford, England. [Fierer, Noah] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Desai, Narayan; Meyer, Folker; Stevens, Rick; Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Fuhrman, Jed A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Hugenholtz, Phil] Univ Queensland, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Hugenholtz, Phil] Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [van der Lelie, Daniel] RTI, Durham, NC USA. [Meyer, Folker; Stevens, Rick] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gordon, Jeffrey I.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genome Sci & Syst Biol, St Louis, MO USA. [Kowalchuk, George A.] Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kowalchuk, George A.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Ecol Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Knight, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM rob.knight@colorado.edu RI Jansson, Janet/F-9951-2012; bailey, mark/I-7149-2012; Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011; Fuhrman, Jed/C-6461-2013; Kowalchuk, George/C-4298-2011; Knight, Rob/D-1299-2010; OI bailey, mark/0000-0002-0147-7316; Meyer, Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US National Institutes of Health; Natural Environment Research Council, UK; Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America; Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX We wish to thank J. Eisen for his constant support of the Earth Microbiome Project and his help with writing this work. This work was in part supported by the US Department of Energy under contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC02-05CH11231, the US National Institutes of Health, the Natural Environment Research Council, UK, the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. We thank J. Reeder, J. Stombaugh, C. Lozupone, D. McDonald, J. Kuczynski and J. Metcalf for comments on drafts. NR 56 TC 101 Z9 104 U1 9 U2 154 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 EI 1546-1696 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 30 IS 6 BP 513 EP 520 DI 10.1038/nbt.2235 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 957JV UT WOS:000305158600021 PM 22678395 ER PT J AU Bennetzen, JL Schmutz, J Wang, H Percifield, R Hawkins, J Pontaroli, AC Estep, M Feng, L Vaughn, JN Grimwood, J Jenkins, J Barry, K Lindquist, E Hellsten, U Deshpande, S Wang, XW Wu, XM Mitros, T Triplett, J Yang, XH Ye, CY Mauro-Herrera, M Wang, L Li, PH Sharma, M Sharma, R Ronald, PC Panaud, O Kellogg, EA Brutnell, TP Doust, AN Tuskan, GA Rokhsar, D Devos, KM AF Bennetzen, Jeffrey L. Schmutz, Jeremy Wang, Hao Percifield, Ryan Hawkins, Jennifer Pontaroli, Ana C. Estep, Matt Feng, Liang Vaughn, Justin N. Grimwood, Jane Jenkins, Jerry Barry, Kerrie Lindquist, Erika Hellsten, Uffe Deshpande, Shweta Wang, Xuewen Wu, Xiaomei Mitros, Therese Triplett, Jimmy Yang, Xiaohan Ye, Chu-Yu Mauro-Herrera, Margarita Wang, Lin Li, Pinghua Sharma, Manoj Sharma, Rita Ronald, Pamela C. Panaud, Olivier Kellogg, Elizabeth A. Brutnell, Thomas P. Doust, Andrew N. Tuskan, Gerald A. Rokhsar, Daniel Devos, Katrien M. TI Reference genome sequence of the model plant Setaria SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOXTAIL MILLET; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MAIZE GENOME; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; LTR RETROTRANSPOSONS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SORGHUM-BICOLOR; GENETIC MAPS AB We generated a high-quality reference genome sequence for foxtail millet (Setaria italica). The similar to 400-Mb assembly covers similar to 80% of the genome and > 95% of the gene space. The assembly was anchored to a 992-locus genetic map and was annotated by comparison with > 1.3 million expressed sequence tag reads. We produced more than 580 million RNA-Seq reads to facilitate expression analyses. We also sequenced Setaria viridis, the ancestral wild relative of S. italica, and identified regions of differential single-nucleotide polymorphism density, distribution of transposable elements, small RNA content, chromosomal rearrangement and segregation distortion. The genus Setaria includes natural and cultivated species that demonstrate a wide capacity for adaptation. The genetic basis of this adaptation was investigated by comparing five sequenced grass genomes. We also used the diploid Setaria genome to evaluate the ongoing genome assembly of a related polyploid, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). C1 [Bennetzen, Jeffrey L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Schmutz, Jeremy; Grimwood, Jane; Jenkins, Jerry] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [Schmutz, Jeremy; Grimwood, Jane; Jenkins, Jerry; Barry, Kerrie; Lindquist, Erika; Hellsten, Uffe; Deshpande, Shweta; Rokhsar, Daniel] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Estep, Matt; Triplett, Jimmy; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Wang, Xuewen; Wu, Xiaomei; Devos, Katrien M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Wang, Xuewen; Wu, Xiaomei; Devos, Katrien M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mitros, Therese] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrat Genom, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, Xiaohan; Ye, Chu-Yu; Tuskan, Gerald A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Plant Syst Biol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Yang, Xiaohan; Ye, Chu-Yu; Tuskan, Gerald A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Wang, Lin; Li, Pinghua; Brutnell, Thomas P.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY USA. [Mauro-Herrera, Margarita; Doust, Andrew N.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Rita; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Rita; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Rita; Ronald, Pamela C.] Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Panaud, Olivier] Univ Perpignan, F-66025 Perpignan, France. RP Bennetzen, JL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM maize@uga.edu RI Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; Wang, Hao/C-7651-2009; Feng, Liang/I-5010-2014; Brutnell, Thomas/M-2840-2013; Devos, Katrien/B-1380-2014; Wang, Xuewen/C-1362-2016; Kellogg, Elizabeth/M-2845-2013; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Yang, Xiaohan/A-6975-2011 OI Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; Wang, Hao/0000-0002-9634-8778; Brutnell, Thomas/0000-0002-3581-8211; Wang, Xuewen/0000-0003-2820-9255; Kellogg, Elizabeth/0000-0003-1671-7447; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Yang, Xiaohan/0000-0001-5207-4210 FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64636]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35504-04851]; National Science Foundation [IOS-0701736, DBI-0607123]; Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology [PSB08-007, PS11-035B]; University of Missouri Research Board FX The studies conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, the BioEnergy Science Center and the Joint Bioenergy Institute are supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract numbers DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-00OR22725 and DE-AC02-05CH11231, respectively. This research was also supported by grants from the Department of Energy (DE-FG02-08ER64636), National Institute of Food and Agriculture Plant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy Program (no. 2008-35504-04851), National Science Foundation (IOS-0701736 and DBI-0607123), the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (PSB08-007, PS11-035B), and the University of Missouri Research Board. We thank C. Saski at Clemson University for the construction of the Setaria italica and switchgrass BAC libraries, M. Udvardi at the Noble Foundation for providing switchgrass genomic DNA and B. Meyers at the University of Delaware for small RNA annotation advice. NR 80 TC 207 Z9 232 U1 9 U2 101 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 30 IS 6 BP 555 EP + DI 10.1038/nbt.2196 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 957JV UT WOS:000305158600026 PM 22580951 ER PT J AU Liu, LJ Kohout, SC Xu, Q Muller, S Kimberlin, CR Isacoff, EY Minor, DL AF Liu, Lijun Kohout, Susy C. Xu, Qiang Mueller, Simone Kimberlin, Christopher R. Isacoff, Ehud Y. Minor, Daniel L., Jr. TI A glutamate switch controls voltage-sensitive phosphatase function SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CI-VSP; SENSING PHOSPHATASE; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL BASIS; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 4,5-BISPHOSPHATE; PHOSPHOINOSITIDE PHOSPHATASES; MULTIDRUG TRANSPORTER; MEMBRANE ASSOCIATION; BINDING MOTIF AB The Ciona intestinalis voltage-sensing phosphatase (Ci-VSP) couples a voltage-sensing domain (VSD) to a lipid phosphatase that is similar to the tumor suppressor PTEN. How the VSD controls enzyme function has been unclear. Here, we present high-resolution crystal structures of the Ci-VSP enzymatic domain that reveal conformational changes in a crucial loop, termed the 'gating loop', that controls access to the active site by a mechanism in which residue Glu411 directly competes with substrate. Structure-based mutations that restrict gating loop conformation impair catalytic function and demonstrate that Glu411 also contributes to substrate selectivity. Structure-guided mutations further define an interaction between the gating loop and linker that connects the phosphatase to the VSD for voltage control of enzyme activity. Together, the data suggest that functional coupling between the gating loop and the linker forms the heart of the regulatory mechanism that controls voltage-dependent enzyme activation. C1 [Liu, Lijun; Xu, Qiang; Mueller, Simone; Kimberlin, Christopher R.; Minor, Daniel L., Jr.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Liu, Lijun; Xu, Qiang; Mueller, Simone; Kimberlin, Christopher R.; Minor, Daniel L., Jr.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Calif Inst Quantitat Biomed Res, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kohout, Susy C.; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.; Minor, Daniel L., Jr.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Minor, Daniel L., Jr.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Minor, Daniel L., Jr.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Minor, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM daniel.minor@ucsf.edu FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 DC007664, R01 NS035549, U24 NS057631]; American Heart Association (AHA) [0740019N] FX This work was supported by grants to D.L.M. from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), R01 DC007664, and the American Heart Association (AHA), 0740019N, and to E.Y.I. from the NIH, R01 NS035549 and U24 NS057631. Ci-VSP in the pSD64TF vector was provided by Y. Okamura (Osaka University). GFP-PLC-PH, GFP-TAPP-PH and GFP-GRP-PH were provided by T. Meyer (Stanford University), T. Balla (NIH) and J. Falke (University of Colorado), respectively. Kir2.1 was provided by E. Reuveny (Weizmann Institute of Science). We thank members of the Minor and Isacoff labs for support throughout these studies. D.L.M. is an AHA Established Investigator. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9993 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 633 EP + DI 10.1038/nsmb.2289 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 954PD UT WOS:000304958200012 PM 22562138 ER PT J AU Kim, IK Kiefer, JR Ho, CMW Stegeman, RA Classen, S Tainer, JA Ellenberger, T AF Kim, In-Kwon Kiefer, James R. Ho, Chris M. W. Stegeman, Roderick A. Classen, Scott Tainer, John A. Ellenberger, Tom TI Structure of mammalian poly(ADP- ribose) glycohydrolase reveals a flexible tyrosine clasp as a substrate-binding element SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; PARG; DNA; METABOLISM; MECHANISMS; NETWORK; STRESS; THYMUS; DOMAIN AB Reversible post-translational modification by poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) regulates chromatin structure, DNA repair and cell fate in response to genotoxic stress. PAR glycohydrolase (PARG) removes PAR chains from poly(ADP-ribose) ylated proteins to restore protein function and release oligo(ADP-ribose) chains to signal damage. Here we report crystal structures of mammalian PARG and its complex with a substrate mimic that reveal an open substrate-binding site and a unique 'tyrosine clasp' enabling endoglycosidic cleavage of branched PAR chains. C1 [Kim, In-Kwon; Kiefer, James R.; Ho, Chris M. W.; Stegeman, Roderick A.; Ellenberger, Tom] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Classen, Scott] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Ellenberger, T (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM tome@biochem.wustl.edu FU US National Institutes of Health [5R01 GM052504]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231]; [P01 CA92584] FX We thank W. L. Kraus at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center for providing a pET28a-ratPARG(1-972) plasmid. This work was supported in part by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (including 5R01 GM052504 to T. E.) and the Structural Cell Biology of DNA Repair Program (P01 CA92584 to T.E. and J.A.T.). X-ray diffraction and scattering technologies and their applications to the determination of macromolecular structures and conformations at the SIBYLS beamline at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, are supported in part by the US Department of Energy program Integrated Diffraction Analysis Technologies under Contract Number DE-AC0205CH11231 with the US Department of Energy. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9993 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 6 BP 653 EP + DI 10.1038/nsmb.2305 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 954PD UT WOS:000304958200015 PM 22609859 ER PT J AU Biener, J Dawedeit, C Kim, SH Braun, T Worsley, MA Chernov, AA Walton, CC Willey, TM Kucheyev, SO Shin, SJ Wang, YM Biener, MM Lee, JRI Kozioziemski, BJ van Buuren, T Wu, KJJ Satcher, JH Hamza, AV AF Biener, J. Dawedeit, C. Kim, S. H. Braun, T. Worsley, M. A. Chernov, A. A. Walton, C. C. Willey, T. M. Kucheyev, S. O. Shin, S. J. Wang, Y. M. Biener, M. M. Lee, J. R. I. Kozioziemski, B. J. van Buuren, T. Wu, K. J. J. Satcher, J. H., Jr. Hamza, A. V. TI A new approach to foam-lined indirect-drive NIF ignition targets SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; LASER FUSION; AEROGEL; SHELLS; FABRICATION; VISCOSITY; TOLUENE; FIREX; ICF AB Taking full advantage of the unique laboratory environment created by the National Ignition Facility (NIF) will require the availability of foam-lined indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion targets. Here, we report on a new approach that enables fabrication of target structures that consist of a thin-walled (<30 mu m) ultra-low-density (<30 mg cm(-3)) hydrocarbon foam film inside a thick-walled, similar to 2 mm diameter ablator shell. In contrast to previous work on direct-drive targets that started with the fabrication of foam shells, we use a prefabricated ablator as a mold to cast the foam liner within the shell. This work summarizes crucial components of this new approach, including the aerogel chemistry, filling of the ablator shell with the aerogel precursor solution with nanolitre precision, creating uniform polymer gel coatings inside the ablator capsule, supercritical drying and doping. C1 [Biener, J.; Dawedeit, C.; Kim, S. H.; Braun, T.; Worsley, M. A.; Chernov, A. A.; Walton, C. C.; Willey, T. M.; Kucheyev, S. O.; Shin, S. J.; Wang, Y. M.; Biener, M. M.; Lee, J. R. I.; Kozioziemski, B. J.; van Buuren, T.; Wu, K. J. J.; Satcher, J. H., Jr.; Hamza, A. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Biener, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nanoscale Synth & Characterizat Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Biener2@llnl.gov RI Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010; Worsley, Marcus/G-2382-2014; Willey, Trevor/A-8778-2011 OI Worsley, Marcus/0000-0002-8012-7727; Willey, Trevor/0000-0002-9667-8830 FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We would like to thank C. Wild and E. Woerner from Diamond Materials GmbH, Germany, for providing the diamond capsules. The Advanced Light Source and Advanced Photon source are supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, under contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231 and DE-AC02-06CH11357, respectively. TW thanks A. MacDowell and D. Parkinson (ALS), and J. Ilavsky and A. Deriy (APS) for their support. NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 40 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 062001 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/062001 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200001 ER PT J AU Chapman, IT La Haye, RJ Buttery, RJ Heidbrink, WW Jackson, GL Muscatello, CM Petty, CC Pinsker, RI Tobias, BJ Turco, F AF Chapman, I. T. La Haye, R. J. Buttery, R. J. Heidbrink, W. W. Jackson, G. L. Muscatello, C. M. Petty, C. C. Pinsker, R. I. Tobias, B. J. Turco, F. TI Sawtooth control using electron cyclotron current drive in ITER demonstration plasmas in DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL KINK MODE; TOKAMAK; STABILIZATION; STABILITY; SAWTEETH; PERIOD; OSCILLATIONS; DISCHARGES; ROTATION; PHYSICS AB Sawtooth control using electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) has been demonstrated in ITER-like plasmas with a large fast ion fraction, wide q = 1 radius and long uncontrolled sawtooth period in DIII-D. The sawtooth period is minimized when the ECCD resonance is just inside the q = 1 surface. Sawtooth destabilization using driven current inside q = 1 avoids the triggering of performance-degrading neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs), even at much higher pressure than required in the ITER baseline scenario. Operation at beta(N) = 3 without 3/2 or 2/1 NTMs has been achieved in ITER demonstration plasmas when sawtooth control is applied using only modest ECCD power. Numerical modelling qualitatively confirms that the achieved driven current changes the local magnetic shear sufficiently to compensate for the stabilizing influence of the energetic particles in the plasma core. C1 [Chapman, I. T.] Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [La Haye, R. J.; Buttery, R. J.; Jackson, G. L.; Petty, C. C.; Pinsker, R. I.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Heidbrink, W. W.; Muscatello, C. M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Tobias, B. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Turco, F.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY USA. RP Chapman, IT (reprint author), Euratom CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. EM ian.chapman@ccfe.ac.uk FU RCUK [EP/I501045]; EURATOM; CCFE; US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698, SC-G903402, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work was supported in part by the RCUK Energy Programme under grant EP/I501045, the European Communities under the contract of Association between EURATOM and CCFE and the US Department of Energy under DE-FC02-04ER54698, SC-G903402, and DE-AC02-09CH11466. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. NR 63 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063006 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063006 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200010 ER PT J AU Gerhardt, SP Menard, J Sabbagh, S Scotti, F AF Gerhardt, S. P. Menard, J. Sabbagh, S. Scotti, F. TI Characterization of disruption halo currents in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; ALCATOR C-MOD; TIME EQUILIBRIUM RECONSTRUCTION; RUNAWAY CURRENT TERMINATION; ASPECT-RATIO; MAJOR DISRUPTIONS; EXPERIMENT NSTX; PLASMA CONTROL; CONTROL-SYSTEM; GAS INJECTION AB This paper describes the general characteristics of disruption halo currents in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (Ono et al 2000 Nucl. Fusion 40 557). The commonly observed types of vertical motion and resulting halo current patterns are described, and it is shown that plasma discharges developing between components can facilitate halo current flow. The halo current fractions and toroidal peaking factors at various locations in the device are presented. The maximum product of these two metrics for localized halo current measurements is always significantly less than the worst-case expectations from conventional aspect ratio tokamaks (which are typically written in terms of the total halo current). The halo current fraction and impulse is often largest in cases with the fastest plasma current quenches and highest quench rates. The effective duration of the halo current pulse is comparable to or shorter than the plasma current quench time. The largest halo currents have tended to occur in lower beta and lower elongation plasmas. The sign of the poloidal halo current is reversed when the toroidal field direction is reversed. C1 [Gerhardt, S. P.; Menard, J.; Scotti, F.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Sabbagh, S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Gerhardt, SP (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 FU United States Department of Energy FX The authors would like to thank Henry Kugel, Robert Kaita, Eric Fredrickson, and Hiro Takahashi for assistance and advice regarding the design and fabrication of the halo current detection diagnostics. This research was funded by the United States Department of Energy. NR 90 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063005 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063005 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200009 ER PT J AU Hopkins, LB Menard, J Majeski, R Lundberg, DP Granstedt, E Jacobson, C Kaita, R Kozub, T Zakharov, L AF Hopkins, L. Berzak Menard, J. Majeski, R. Lundberg, D. P. Granstedt, E. Jacobson, C. Kaita, R. Kozub, T. Zakharov, L. TI Plasma equilibrium reconstructions in the lithium tokamak experiment SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID CDX-U AB The lithium tokamak experiment (LTX) ( R-0 = 0.4m, a = 0.26 m) is designed to explore the low-recycling, lithium wall operating regime for magnetically confined plasmas. A set of shell quadrants internal to the vacuum vessel and conformal to the plasma last closed flux surface is designed to be coated with lithium to produce the lithium plasma-facing surface. The shell quadrants are highly conductive in order to maintain an even thermal distribution, but this conductivity also permits eddy currents to flow that can be larger in magnitude than the plasma current. Due to this effect, plasma start-up is greatly complicated as is the development of an applicable equilibrium solver code. A suitable code, LTX LRDFIT, has been developed and benchmarked and has now been used to compare plasma flux surface reconstructions for discharges before and after initial lithium wall conditioning. Dramatic improvements in plasma performance and shaping have been noted with the introduction of lithium. C1 [Hopkins, L. Berzak; Menard, J.; Majeski, R.; Lundberg, D. P.; Granstedt, E.; Jacobson, C.; Kaita, R.; Kozub, T.; Zakharov, L.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Hopkins, LB (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. OI Jacobson, Craig/0000-0001-7852-6932; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 FU US DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466.] FX This work is supported by US DOE contract DE-AC02-09CH11466.; The authors also wish to acknowledge the tireless efforts of the LTX technical staff, including Jim Taylor, and make a special acknowledgement of John Timberlake, who will be missed as part of the LTX team and whose wealth of knowledge and expertise was critical to the CDX-U and LTX lithium experiments. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063025 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063025 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200029 ER PT J AU Howard, NT Greenwald, M Mikkelsen, DR Reinke, ML White, AE Ernst, D Podpaly, Y Candy, J AF Howard, N. T. Greenwald, M. Mikkelsen, D. R. Reinke, M. L. White, A. E. Ernst, D. Podpaly, Y. Candy, J. TI Quantitative comparison of experimental impurity transport with nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation in an Alcator C-Mod L-mode plasma SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID ION TEMPERATURE; CHAPTER 2; CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAK AB Nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of impurity transport are compared to experimental impurity transport for the first time. The GYRO code (Candy and Waltz 2003 J. Comput. Phys. 186 545) was used to perform global, nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations of impurity transport for a standard Alcator C-Mod, L-mode discharge. The laser blow-off technique was combined with soft x-ray measurements of a single charge state of calcium to provide time-evolving profiles of this non-intrinsic, non-recycling impurity over a radial range of 0.0 <= r/a <= 0.6. Experimental transport coefficient profiles and their uncertainties were extracted from the measurements using the impurity transport code STRAHL and rigorous Monte Carlo error analysis. To best assess the agreement of gyrokinetic simulations with the experimental profiles, the sensitivity of the GYRO predicted impurity transport to a wide range of turbulence-relevant plasma parameters was investigated. A direct comparison of nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation and experiment is presented with an in depth discussion of error sources and a new data analysis methodology. C1 [Howard, N. T.; Greenwald, M.; Reinke, M. L.; White, A. E.; Ernst, D.; Podpaly, Y.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Mikkelsen, D. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Candy, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Howard, NT (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010; OI Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809; Greenwald, Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X FU Office of Science and US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; MIT PSFC; DOE [DE-FC02-99ER54512-CMOD] FX The authors would like to thank all of the Alcator C-Mod scientific and technical staff for their exceptional operation and maintenance of the tokamak. We would like to also specifically thank Dr Ralph Dux and Dr Thomas Puetterich for help setting up and debugging the STRAHL code, Dr Ron Waltz and Dr Emily Belli for the development of the GYRO and NEO codes, respectively, and Yunxing Ma for the density profile calibrations. Computer simulations using GYRO were carried out at the National Energy Research Computing Center supported by the Office of Science and US Department of Energy under Contract No DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the MIT PSFC parallel AMD Opteron/Infinib and cluster Loki. This work was also supported by DOE contract-DE-FC02-99ER54512-CMOD. NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063002 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063002 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200006 ER PT J AU Ku, S Abiteboul, J Diamond, PH Dif-Pradalier, G Kwon, JM Sarazin, Y Hahm, TS Garbet, X Chang, CS Latu, G Yoon, ES Ghendrih, P Yi, S Strugarek, A Solomon, W Grandgirard, V AF Ku, S. Abiteboul, J. Diamond, P. H. Dif-Pradalier, G. Kwon, J. M. Sarazin, Y. Hahm, T. S. Garbet, X. Chang, C. S. Latu, G. Yoon, E. S. Ghendrih, Ph. Yi, S. Strugarek, A. Solomon, W. Grandgirard, V. TI Physics of intrinsic rotation in flux-driven ITG turbulence SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID STATIONARY PLASMA ENERGY; STRONG EDGE RADIATION; HIGH-DENSITY; HIGH CONFINEMENT; TEXTOR-94; TOKAMAK AB Global, heat flux-driven ITG gyrokinetic simulations which manifest the formation of macroscopic, mean toroidal flow profiles with peak thermal Mach number 0.05, are reported. Both a particle-in-cell (XGC1p) and a semi-Lagrangian (GYSELA) approach are utilized without a priori assumptions of scale separation between turbulence and mean fields. Flux-driven ITG simulations with different edge flow boundary conditions show in both approaches the development of net unidirectional intrinsic rotation in the co-current direction. Intrinsic torque is shown to scale approximately linearly with the inverse scale length of the ion temperature gradient. External momentum input is shown to effectively cancel the intrinsic rotation profile, thus confirming the existence of a local residual stress and intrinsic torque. Fluctuation intensity, intrinsic torque and mean flow are demonstrated to develop inwards from the boundary. The measured correlations between residual stress and two fluctuation spectrum symmetry breakers, namely E x B shear and intensity gradient, are similar. Avalanches of (positive) heat flux, which propagate either outwards or inwards, are correlated with avalanches of (negative) parallel momentum flux, so that outward transport of heat and inward transport of parallel momentum are correlated and mediated by avalanches. The probability distribution functions of the outward heat flux and the inward momentum flux show strong structural similarity. C1 [Ku, S.; Chang, C. S.; Yoon, E. S.; Solomon, W.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Ku, S.; Diamond, P. H.; Kwon, J. M.; Yi, S.] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Abiteboul, J.; Dif-Pradalier, G.; Sarazin, Y.; Garbet, X.; Latu, G.; Ghendrih, Ph.; Strugarek, A.; Grandgirard, V.] IRFM, CEA, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Diamond, P. H.; Dif-Pradalier, G.] Univ Calif San Diego, CMTFO, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Diamond, P. H.; Dif-Pradalier, G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Hahm, T. S.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Yoon, E. S.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Ku, S (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM sku@pppl.gov RI Ku, Seung-Hoe/D-2315-2009; Dif-Pradalier, Guilhem/K-7442-2015; OI Ku, Seung-Hoe/0000-0002-9964-1208; Dif-Pradalier, Guilhem/0000-0003-4869-7049; Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876 FU World Class Institute (WCI) of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea (MEST) (NRF) [WCI 2009-001]; National RD Program [2011-0018728]; US DOE [DE-FC02-08ER54959, DE-FG02-06ER54845]; Office of Science of the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank O.D. Gurcan, C. McDevitt, J. Rice an d G. Tynan for stimulating discussions. This work was supported by the World Class Institute (WCI) Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea (MEST) (NRF Grant Number: WCI 2009-001) and National R&D Program (2011-0018728), by the US DOE Contract No DE-FC02-08ER54959 and DE-FG02-06ER54845. The work with XGC1p used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is supported by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Centre, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The work with GYSELA was granted access to the HPC resources of CCRT and CINES under the allocation 2009052224 made by GENCI (Grand Equipement National de Calcul Intensif), as well as on HPC-FF in Julich. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063013 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063013 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200017 ER PT J AU Leonard, AW Mahdavi, MA Lasnier, CJ Petrie, TW Stangeby, PC AF Leonard, A. W. Mahdavi, M. A. Lasnier, C. J. Petrie, T. W. Stangeby, P. C. TI Scaling radiative divertor solutions to high power in DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID PLANT; CONVECTION AB Detached radiative divertor plasmas are examined in DIII-D as a function of power. The 2D profile of plasma electron density and temperature is reconstructed from divertor Thomson data while energy transport is deduced from power balance measurements. The combination of plasma and energy diagnostics reveals that parallel energy transport transitions to convective flow at a constant 5-10 eV as a function of power. Simple considerations would imply divertor density proportional to power density for Mach 1 flow. However, the divertor, upstream separatrix and core plasma densities increase significantly less than linear with power density. During detached divertor operation H-mode core confinement is maintained though the edge pedestal can experience moderate degradation. C1 [Leonard, A. W.; Mahdavi, M. A.; Petrie, T. W.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Lasnier, C. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Stangeby, P. C.] Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, N York, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. RP Leonard, AW (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under DE-FC02-04ER54698 and DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 15 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063015 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063015 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200019 ER PT J AU Pace, DC Pinsker, RI Heidbrink, WW Fisher, RK Van Zeeland, MA Austin, ME McKee, GR Garcia-Munoz, M AF Pace, D. C. Pinsker, R. I. Heidbrink, W. W. Fisher, R. K. Van Zeeland, M. A. Austin, M. E. McKee, G. R. Garcia-Munoz, M. TI Scrape-off layer ion acceleration during fast wave injection in the DIII-D tokamak SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON HARMONICS; PARAMETRIC DECAY; CURRENT DRIVE; EDGE PLASMA; ABSORPTION; RF; INSTABILITIES; SPECTROSCOPY; POWER AB Fast wave injection is employed on the DIII-D tokamak as a current drive and electron heating method. Bursts of energetic ions with energy E-o > 20 keV are observed immediately following fast wave injection in experiments featuring the 8th ion cyclotron harmonic near the antenna. Using the energy and pitch angle of the energetic ion burst as measured by a fast-ion loss detector, it is possible to trace the origin of these ions to a particular antenna. The ion trajectories exist entirely within the scrape-off layer. These observations are consistent with the presence of parametric decay instabilities near the antenna strap. It is suggested that the phase space capabilities of the loss detector diagnostic can improve studies of wave injection coupling and efficiency in tokamaks by directly measuring the effects of parametric decay thresholds. C1 [Pace, D. C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pinsker, R. I.; Fisher, R. K.; Van Zeeland, M. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Austin, M. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [McKee, G. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Garcia-Munoz, M.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Pace, DC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pacedc@fusion.gat.com RI garcia-munoz, manuel/C-6825-2008 OI garcia-munoz, manuel/0000-0002-3241-502X FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER54698, SC-G903402, DE-FG03-97ER4415, DE-FG02-89ER53296, DE-FG02-08ER54999] FX The work of DCP was supported by the US Department of Energy through an appointment in the Fusion Energy Postdoctoral Research Program and the US Department of Energy under DE-FC02-04ER54698. Co-authors work was supported by the US Department of Energy under SC-G903402, DE-FG03-97ER4415, DE-FG02-89ER53296 and DE-FG02-08ER54999. The authors would like to thank S.J. Wukitch and C. Rost for discussing parametric decay instabilities and A.E. White for supporting piggyback FILD operation during fast wave experiments. In addition, the authors are grateful to N.H. Brooks for providing supporting data, and to C.C. Petty and X. Chen for reading a draft manuscript. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063019 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063019 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200023 ER PT J AU Poli, FM Kessel, CE Chance, MS Jardin, SC Manickam, J AF Poli, F. M. Kessel, C. E. Chance, M. S. Jardin, S. C. Manickam, J. TI Ideal MHD stability and performance of ITER steady-state scenarios with ITBs SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID REVERSED SHEAR DISCHARGES; ADVANCED TOKAMAK SCENARIO; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; ARBITRARY COLLISIONALITY; TRANSPORT BARRIERS; BURNING PLASMA; MAGNETIC SHEAR; CURRENT DRIVE; DIII-D; PHYSICS AB Non-inductive steady-state scenarios on ITER will need to operate with internal transport barriers (ITBs) in order to reach adequate fusion gain at typical currents of 9 MA. The large pressure gradients at the location of the internal barrier are conducive to the development of ideal MHD instabilities that may limit the plasma performance and may lead to plasma disruptions. Fully non-inductive scenario simulations with five combinations of heating and current drive sources are presented in this work, with plasma currents in the range 7-10 MA. For each configuration the linear, ideal MHD stability is analysed for variations of the Greenwald fraction and of the pressure peaking factor around the operating point, aiming at defining an operational space for stable, steady-state operations at optimized performance. It is shown that plasmas with lower hybrid heating and current drive maintain the minimum safety factor above 1.5, which is desirable in steady-state operations to avoid neoclassical tearing modes. Operating with moderate ITBs at 2/3 of the minor radius, these plasmas have a minimum safety factor above 2, are ideal MHD stable and reach Q greater than or similar to 5 operating above the ideal no-wall limit. C1 [Poli, F. M.; Kessel, C. E.; Chance, M. S.; Jardin, S. C.; Manickam, J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Poli, FM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI poli, francesca/C-2226-2008 OI poli, francesca/0000-0003-3959-4371 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-CH0911466] FX P. Snyder is kindly acknowledged for providing the EPED1 calculations. F. Poli acknowledges J.Chen for help with TSC, C. Ludescher-Furth, D. McCune and T. Rafiq for help with TRANSP. The opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the ITER organization. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-CH0911466. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063027 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063027 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200031 ER PT J AU White, AE Hubbard, AE Hughes, JW Bonoli, PT Austin, ME Bader, A Harvey, RW Lin, Y Ma, Y Reinke, ML Wolfe, SM Wukitch, SJ AF White, A. E. Hubbard, A. E. Hughes, J. W. Bonoli, P. T. Austin, M. E. Bader, A. Harvey, R. W. Lin, Y. Ma, Y. Reinke, M. L. Wolfe, S. M. Wukitch, S. J. TI Investigation of the Thomson scattering-ECE discrepancy in ICRF heated plasmas at Alcator C-Mod SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS; ION-CYCLOTRON; RECONSTRUCTION; DIAGNOSTICS; FREQUENCIES; EMISSION; ITER AB This paper reports on new experiments at Alcator C-Mod that were performed in order to investigate the long-standing, unresolved discrepancy between Thomson scattering (TS) and electron cyclotron emission (ECE) measurements of electron temperature in high temperature tokamak plasmas. Ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating is used to produce high temperature conditions where the type of TS-ECE discrepancy observed in the past at JET and TFTR should become observable. At Alcator C-Mod, plasmas with T-e(0) up to 8 keV are obtained using ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH), ICRF mode conversion heating and a combination of the two heating methods in order to explore the hypothesis that the presence of ICRH-generated fast ions may be related to the discrepancy. In all high temperature cases, the TS and ECE measurements of electron temperature agree to within experimental uncertainties. We find no evidence for the type of discrepancy reported at JET and TFTR. These results show that the TS-ECE discrepancy does not depend on high temperatures alone and also that the presence of ICRH-generated fast ions is insufficient to cause the TS-ECE discrepancy. C1 [White, A. E.; Hubbard, A. E.; Hughes, J. W.; Bonoli, P. T.; Bader, A.; Lin, Y.; Ma, Y.; Wolfe, S. M.; Wukitch, S. J.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Austin, M. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Reinke, M. L.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP White, AE (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM whitea@mit.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-99ER54512] FX We thank the Alcator C-Mod team for their support of the measurements reported here. AEW gratefully acknowledges E. de la Luna, R. Prater and C.C. Petty for their insights on probing the TS-ECE discrepancy and B. Bray for helpful discussions of errors and uncertainty in TS measurements. This work supported by the US Department of Energy under DE-FC02-99ER54512. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 AR 063021 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/6/063021 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 956LN UT WOS:000305091200025 ER PT J AU Novikova, IV Hennelly, SP Sanbonmatsu, KY AF Novikova, Irina V. Hennelly, Scott P. Sanbonmatsu, Karissa Y. TI Structural architecture of the human long non-coding RNA, steroid receptor RNA activator SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY STRUCTURE MODEL; SELECTIVE 2'-HYDROXYL ACYLATION; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE RESOLUTION; PRIMER EXTENSION SHAPE; PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; PROTEIN-CODING GENE; MUSCLE DIFFERENTIATION; BINDING-PROTEIN; ENERGY CONTENT; RIBOSOMAL-RNA AB While functional roles of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been determined, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report the first experimentally derived secondary structure of a human lncRNA, the steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA), 0.87 kB in size. The SRA RNA is a non-coding RNA that coactivates several human sex hormone receptors and is strongly associated with breast cancer. Coding isoforms of SRA are also expressed to produce proteins, making the SRA gene a unique bifunctional system. Our experimental findings (SHAPE, in-line, DMS and RNase V1 probing) reveal that this lncRNA has a complex structural organization, consisting of four domains, with a variety of secondary structure elements. We examine the coevolution of the SRA gene at the RNA structure and protein structure levels using comparative sequence analysis across vertebrates. Rapid evolutionary stabilization of RNA structure, combined with frame-disrupting mutations in conserved regions, suggests that evolutionary pressure preserves the RNA structural core rather than its translational product. We perform similar experiments on alternatively spliced SRA isoforms to assess their structural features. C1 [Novikova, Irina V.; Hennelly, Scott P.; Sanbonmatsu, Karissa Y.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sanbonmatsu, KY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kys@lanl.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program FX Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. Funding for open access charge: Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. NR 78 TC 91 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 37 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 IS 11 BP 5034 EP 5051 DI 10.1093/nar/gks071 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 955PF UT WOS:000305032500037 PM 22362738 ER PT J AU Kao, TY Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Kao, Tsung-Yu Hu, Qing Reno, John L. TI Perfectly phase-matched third-order distributed feedback terahertz quantum-cascade lasers SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report a novel laser cavity design in third-order distributed feedback (DFB) terahertz quantum-cascade lasers based on a perfectly phase-matching technique. This approach substantially increases the usable length of the third-order DFB laser and leads to narrow beam patterns. Single frequency emissions from 151 apertures (5.6 mm long device) are coherently added up to form a narrow beam with (FWHM approximate to 6 x 11 degrees) divergence. A similar device with 40 apertures shows more than 5 mW of optical power with slope efficiency similar to 140 mW/A at 10 K pulsed operation. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Kao, Tsung-Yu; Hu, Qing] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kao, Tsung-Yu; Hu, Qing] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Reno, John L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kao, TY (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM wilt_kao@mit.edu FU NASA; NSF; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work is supported by NASA and NSF, and also performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 10 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 11 BP 2070 EP 2072 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 956JD UT WOS:000305085000098 PM 22660124 ER PT J AU Drell, PS AF Drell, Persis S. TI What defines a healthy US particle-physics program? SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Drell, PS (reprint author), SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. EM persis@slac.stanford.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 8 EP 9 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OT UT WOS:000305099700001 ER PT J AU Lederman, L Hill, C AF Lederman, Leon Hill, Christopher TI Sexism may be in the eye of the beholder reply SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 [Lederman, Leon; Hill, Christopher] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Lederman, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OT UT WOS:000305099700009 ER PT J AU Klein, S AF Klein, Spencer TI Coherence and precision in classical systems SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Klein, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srklein@lbl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 13 EP 13 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OT UT WOS:000305099700013 ER PT J AU Hamann, DR Isaacs, ED AF Hamann, D. R. Isaacs, Eric D. TI Philip Moss Platzman obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Hamann, D. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Isaacs, Eric D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hamann, DR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 64 EP 65 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OT UT WOS:000305099700029 ER PT J AU Kirz, J Jacobsen, C Miao, JW AF Kirz, Janos Jacobsen, Chris Miao, Jianwei TI David Sayre obituary SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Kirz, Janos] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jacobsen, Chris] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Miao, Jianwei] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kirz, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Jacobsen, Chris/E-2827-2015 OI Jacobsen, Chris/0000-0001-8562-0353 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 65 EP 66 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 956OT UT WOS:000305099700030 ER PT J AU Jin, HN Song, ZH Nikolau, BJ AF Jin, Huanan Song, Zhihong Nikolau, Basil J. TI Reverse genetic characterization of two paralogous acetoacetyl CoA thiolase genes in Arabidopsis reveals their importance in plant growth and development SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acetoacetyl CoA thiolases; embryo lethality; pleiotropic phenotypes; phytosterol; mevalonate pathway; Arabidopsis thaliana ID ISOPENTENYL DIPHOSPHATE ISOMERASES; COENZYME-A REDUCTASE; ATP-CITRATE LYASE; ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; BRASSINOSTEROID BIOSYNTHESIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SYNTHASE GENES; MESSENGER-RNA; POLLEN GRAINS; LIPID BODIES AB Acetoacetyl CoA thiolase (AACT, EC 2.3.1.9) catalyzes the condensation of two acetyl CoA molecules to form acetoacetyl CoA. Two AACT-encoding genes, At5g47720 (AACT1) and At5g48230 (AACT2), were functionally identified in the Arabidopsis genome by direct enzymological assays and functional expression in yeast. Promoter::GUS fusion experiments indicated that AACT1 is primarily expressed in the vascular system and AACT2 is highly expressed in root tips, young leaves, top stems and anthers. Characterization of T-DNA insertion mutant alleles at each AACT locus established that AACT2 function is required for embryogenesis and for normal male gamete transmission. In contrast, plants lacking AACT1 function are completely viable and show no apparent growth phenotypes, indicating that AACT1 is functionally redundant with respect to AACT2 function. RNAi lines that express reduced levels of AACT2 show pleiotropic phenotypes, including reduced apical dominance, elongated life span and flowering duration, sterility, dwarfing, reduced seed yield and shorter root length. Microscopic analysis reveals that the reduced stature is caused by a reduction in cell size and fewer cells, and male sterility is caused by loss of the pollen coat and premature degeneration of the tapetal cells. Biochemical analyses established that the roots of AACT2 RNAi plants show quantitative and qualitative alterations in phytosterol profiles. These phenotypes and biochemical alterations are reversed when AACT2 RNAi plants are grown in the presence of mevalonate, which is consistent with the role of AACT2 in generating the bulk of the acetoacetyl CoA precursor required for the cytosol-localized, mevalonate-derived isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. C1 [Jin, Huanan; Song, Zhihong; Nikolau, Basil J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Song, Zhihong] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nikolau, Basil J.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Biorenewable Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Nikolau, BJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dimmas@iastate.edu FU US National Science Foundation through Engineering Research Center [EEC-0813570]; Bioeconomy Institute of Iowa State University FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation through its Engineering Research Center Program (award number EEC-0813570), leading to the Center for Biorenewable Chemicals (CBiRC) at Iowa State University (http://www.cbirc.iastate.edu/). The authors also acknowledge the support of the Bioeconomy Institute of Iowa State University (http://www.biorenew.iastate.edu/), and use of the WM Keck Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Iowa State University (http://www.metabolomics.biotech.iastate.edu). NR 71 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 70 IS 6 BP 1015 EP 1032 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04942.x PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 956WN UT WOS:000305120400010 PM 22332816 ER PT J AU Srivastava, R Chen, YN Deng, Y Brandizzi, F Howell, SH AF Srivastava, Renu Chen, Yani Deng, Yan Brandizzi, Federica Howell, Stephen H. TI Elements proximal to and within the transmembrane domain mediate the organelle-to-organelle movement of bZIP28 under ER stress conditions SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi bodies; COPII vesicles; membrane-associated transcription factors; site 2 protease; green fluorescent protein; Arabidopsis thaliana ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM EXPORT; CARGO SELECTION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSPORT VESICLES; GOLGI-APPARATUS; COPII VESICLES; MEMBRANE; ARABIDOPSIS; BINDING; SITES AB Arabidopsis bZIP28, an ER membrane-associated transcription factor, is activated in response to conditions that induce ER stressadverse environmental conditions or exposure to ER stress agents such as tunicamycin and dithiothreitol. Upon stress treatment, bZIP28 exits the ER and moves to the Golgi, where it is proteolytically processed, releasing its transcriptional component, which relocates to the nucleus. In this study, we tracked the movement of GFP-tagged bZIP28 in an effort to understand its mobilization from the ER and release from the Golgi. We identified a small region in bZIP28 that is rich in dibasic amino acids and proximal to the transmembrane domain required for its movement from the ER. In response to ER stress, bZIP28 showed enhanced interaction with Sar1 and Sec12, components of the COPII machinery. We demonstrated that the dibasic amino acid-rich region in bZIP28 is involved in the interaction with Sar1. Upon migration to the Golgi, bZIP28 is proteolytically processed by proteases S1P and S2P. We found a putative helix-breaking residue in the transmembrane domain of bZIP28 to be crucial for its processing and liberation from Golgi bodies. Thus, in response to stress, bZIP28 moves from organelle to organelle by interaction of critical elements in the molecule with the transport and/or proteolytic machinery resident in the various organelles. C1 [Srivastava, Renu; Deng, Yan; Howell, Stephen H.] Iowa State Univ, Inst Plant Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, Yani; Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Howell, SH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Inst Plant Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM shh@iastate.edu FU Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute; US National Science Foundation [IOS90917]; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; National Aeronautics and Space Agency [NNH08ZTT003N NRA - 08-FSB_Prop-0052] FX This work was supported by the Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute and by grant IOS90917 from the US National Science Foundation to S. H. H., and support for F. B. from the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, US Department of Energy (award number DE-FG02-91ER20021) and the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NNH08ZTT003N NRA - 08-FSB_Prop-0052). We are grateful to Dr Natasha Raikhel (Center for Plant Cell Biology and the Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California at Riverside) for the Sec12 antibody. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 70 IS 6 BP 1033 EP 1042 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04943.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 956WN UT WOS:000305120400011 PM 22335396 ER PT J AU Maienschein, JL AF Maienschein, Jon L. TI The Challenge of Improvised Explosives SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Maienschein, Jon L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Maienschein, Jon L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Explos Engn Sci Secur Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maienschein, JL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Energet Mat Ctr, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 37 IS 3 BP 259 EP 260 DI 10.1002/prep.201280005 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 958NV UT WOS:000305247000002 ER PT J AU Benjamin, AS Diaz, M Matzen, LE Johnson, B AF Benjamin, Aaron S. Diaz, Michael Matzen, Laura E. Johnson, Benjamin TI Tests of the DRYAD Theory of the Age-Related Deficit in Memory for Context: Not About Context, and Not About Aging SO PSYCHOLOGY AND AGING LA English DT Article DE recognition; source memory; context memory; attention; global deficit ID OLDER-ADULTS; RESPONSE DEADLINE; DIVIDED ATTENTION; FALSE RECOGNITION; REPETITION; YOUNG; RECOLLECTION; PERFORMANCE; ITEM; METAANALYSIS AB Older adults exhibit a disproportionate deficit in their ability to recover contextual elements or source information about prior encounters with stimuli. A recent theoretical account, DRYAD, attributes this selective deficit to a global decrease in memory fidelity with age, moderated by weak representation of contextual information. The predictions of DRYAD are tested here in three experiments. We show that an age-related deficit obtains for whichever aspect of the stimulus subjects' attention is directed away from during encoding (Experiment 1), suggesting a central role for attention in producing the age-related deficit in context. We also show that an analogous deficit can be elicited within young subjects with a manipulation of study time (Experiment 2), suggesting that any means of reducing memory fidelity yields an interaction of the same form as the age-related effect. Experiment 3 evaluates the critical prediction of DRYAD that endorsement probability in an exclusion task should vary nonmonotonically with memory strength. This prediction was confirmed by assessing the shape of the forgetting function in a continuous exclusion task. The results are consistent with the DRYAD account of aging and memory judgments and do not support the widely held view that aging entails the selective disruption of processes involved in encoding, storing, or retrieving contextual information. C1 [Benjamin, Aaron S.; Johnson, Benjamin] Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Diaz, Michael] Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Matzen, Laura E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Benjamin, AS (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, 603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM asbenjam@illinois.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG026263, R01 AG026263-01A1]; PHS HHS [026263] NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0882-7974 J9 PSYCHOL AGING JI Psychol. Aging PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 418 EP 428 DI 10.1037/a0024786 PG 11 WC Gerontology; Psychology, Developmental SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychology GA 956OJ UT WOS:000305098700015 PM 21875219 ER PT J AU Cescatti, A Marcolla, B Vannan, SKS Pan, JY Roman, MO Yang, XY Ciais, P Cook, RB Law, BE Matteucci, G Migliavacca, M Moors, E Richardson, AD Seufert, G Schaaf, CB AF Cescatti, Alessandro Marcolla, Barbara Vannan, Suresh K. Santhana Pan, Jerry Yun Roman, Miguel O. Yang, Xiaoyuan Ciais, Philippe Cook, Robert B. Law, Beverly E. Matteucci, Giorgio Migliavacca, Mirco Moors, Eddy Richardson, Andrew D. Seufert, Guenther Schaaf, Crystal B. TI Intercomparison of MODIS albedo retrievals and in situ measurements across the global FLUXNET network SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE MODIS; Surface albedo; Validation; FLUXNET; Terrestrial ecosystems; Plant functional types; Remote sensing ID REFLECTANCE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; BROAD-BAND ALBEDO; SURFACE ALBEDO; BOREAL FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION; PRODUCTS; FEEDBACKS; VALIDATION; INSTRUMENT AB Surface albedo is a key parameter in the Earth's energy balance since it affects the amount of solar radiation directly absorbed at the planet surface. Its variability in time and space can be globally retrieved through the use of remote sensing products. To evaluate and improve the quality of satellite retrievals, careful intercomparisons with in situ measurements of surface albedo are crucial. For this purpose we compared MODIS albedo retrievals with surface measurements taken at 53 FLUXNET sites that met strict conditions of land cover homogeneity. A good agreement between mean yearly values of satellite retrievals and in situ measurements was found (r(2) = 0.82). The mismatch is correlated with the spatial heterogeneity of surface albedo, stressing the relevance of land cover homogeneity when comparing point to pixel data. When the seasonal patterns of MODIS albedo are considered for different plant functional types, the match,. with surface observations is extremely good at all forest sites. On the contrary, satellite retrievals at non-forested sites (grasslands, savannas, croplands) underestimate in situ measurements across the seasonal cycle. The mismatch observed at grassland and cropland sites is likely due to the extreme fragmentation of these landscapes, as confirmed by geostatistical attributes derived from high resolution scenes. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cescatti, Alessandro; Migliavacca, Mirco; Seufert, Guenther] Commiss European Communities, DG Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Climate Change Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Marcolla, Barbara] Fdn Edmund Mach, IASMA Res & Innovat Ctr, Sustainable Agroecosyst & Bioresources Dept, I-38010 San Michele All Adige, Italy. [Vannan, Suresh K. Santhana; Pan, Jerry Yun; Cook, Robert B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Roman, Miguel O.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Terr Informat Syst Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Yang, Xiaoyuan; Schaaf, Crystal B.] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Ctr Remote Sensing, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ciais, Philippe] Joint Unit CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm LSCE, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Law, Beverly E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Matteucci, Giorgio] CNR ISAFOM, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. [Moors, Eddy] Alterra Wageningen UR, ESS CC, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ Hebaria, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schaaf, Crystal B.] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RP Cescatti, A (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, DG Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Climate Change Unit, TP290,Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. EM alessandro.cescatti@jrc.ec.europa.eu RI Migliavacca, mirco/C-1260-2011; Moors, Eddy/J-5165-2012; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Roman, Miguel/D-4764-2012; Seufert, Gunther/J-9918-2013; Matteucci, Giorgio/N-3526-2015; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010; OI Moors, Eddy/0000-0003-2309-2887; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Roman, Miguel/0000-0003-3953-319X; Seufert, Gunther/0000-0002-6019-6688; Matteucci, Giorgio/0000-0002-4790-9540; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203; Marcolla, Barbara/0000-0001-6357-4616; Cook, Robert/0000-0001-7393-7302 FU CFCAS; NSERC; BIOCAP; Environment Canada; NRCan; CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; Universite Laval and Environment Canada and US Department of Energy; Berkeley Water Center; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Microsoft Research eScience; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; University of California - Berkeley; University of Virginia; NASA [NNX08AE94A] FX This work is based on radiometric measurements acquired by the FLUXNET community and in particular by the following networks: AmeriFlux (US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program (DE-FG02-04ER63917 and DE-FG02-04ER63911)), AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, ChinaFlux, FLUXNET - Canada (supported by CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada, and NRCan), Green-Grass, KoFlux, LBA, NECC, OzFlux, TCOS - Siberia, and USCCC. We acknowledge the support to data harmonization provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS (the Integrated Land Ecosystem-Atmosphere Processes Study, a core project of IGBP), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, Universite Laval and Environment Canada and US Department of Energy and the database development and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California - Berkeley, and University of Virginia. The processing of MODIS data has been supported by NASA grant NNX08AE94A. Support for C. Schaaf and X. Yang was provided by NASA grant NNX08AE94A. NR 58 TC 98 Z9 103 U1 7 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 121 BP 323 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2012.02.019 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 955WN UT WOS:000305051700028 ER PT J AU Arthur, JL Lapidus, SH Stephens, PW Miller, JS AF Arthur, Jordan L. Lapidus, Saul H. Stephens, Peter W. Miller, Joel S. TI Structure and magnetostructural correlation of ferrimagnetic meso-tetraphenylporphinatomanganese(III) dimethyl-N,N '-dicyanoquinone diiminide, [MnTPP](+)[Me(2)DCNQI](center dot-) SO SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE metalloporphyrin; magnetic ordering; ferrimagnet; crystal structure ID MOLECULE-BASED FERRIMAGNET; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC MAGNETS; LINEAR-CHAIN; DIMENSIONALITY CROSSOVERS; SPIN ALTERNATION; REDOX SYSTEMS; 1ST EXAMPLE; T-C; TETRACYANOETHENIDE AB The structure [(MnTPP)-T-III][Me(2)DCNQI] (TPP = tetraphenylporphinato; Me(2)DCNQI = 2,5-dimethyl-N,N'-dicyanoquinone-diimine) has been determined from X-ray powder diffraction data. The nonsolvated structure is composed of linear (1-D) chains of alternating [(MnTPP)-T-III](+) and mu-[Me(2)DCNQI](center dot-) with intrachain Mn...Mn separations of 12.83 , and a Mn-N-DCNQI distance of 2.18 . The dihedral angle between the mean Mn(N-4)(TPP) and [Me(2)DCNQI](center dot-) planes, and the Mn-(N-C)(DCNQI) angle are 84.18A degrees and 143.6A degrees, respectively. [(MnTPP)-T-III][Me(2)DCNQI] has a T (c) of 4.3 K from the 10 Hz chi aEuro(3)(T) data, 2-K coercivity of 5,600 Oe, and 6,300 emuOe/mol remnant magnetization that are reduced from that observed for related materials, and their inclusion extends the magnetostructural correlation between the intrachain coupling and both the dihedral angle between the mean Mn(N-4)(TPP) and [TCNE](center dot-) (TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) planes and Mn-(N-C)(TCNE) angles. This is in accord with the intrachain coupling arising from the overlap of the Mn-III -like singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) and the z component of the [TCNE](center dot-) pi* (pi(z)*) SOMO, which increases with decreasing dihedral angle between the mean Mn(N-4)(TPP) and [TCNE](center dot-) planes and Mn-(N-C)(TCNE) angle. C1 [Lapidus, Saul H.; Stephens, Peter W.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Arthur, Jordan L.; Miller, Joel S.] Univ Utah, Dept Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Stephens, Peter W.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Stephens, PW (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM Peter.Stephens@stonybrook.edu; jsmiller@chem.utah.edu FU Department of Energy Division of Material Science [DE-FG03-93ER45504]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We appreciate the continued partial support by the Department of Energy Division of Material Science (DE-FG03-93ER45504). Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-7291 EI 1869-1870 J9 SCI CHINA CHEM JI Sci. China-Chem. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 987 EP 996 DI 10.1007/s11426-012-4591-0 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 958LJ UT WOS:000305238400016 ER PT J AU Robins, NA Hagan, N Halabi, S Hsu-Kim, H Gonzales, RDE Morris, M Woodall, G Richter, DD Heine, P Zhang, T Bacon, A Vandenberg, J AF Robins, Nicholas A. Hagan, Nicole Halabi, Susan Hsu-Kim, Heileen Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario Morris, Mark Woodall, George Richter, Daniel deB. Heine, Paul Zhang, Tong Bacon, Allan Vandenberg, John TI Estimations of historical atmospheric mercury concentrations from mercury refining and present-day soil concentrations of total mercury in Huancavelica, Peru SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Silver; AERMOD; Soils; Huancavelica, Peru ID ALMADEN MINING DISTRICT; CONTAMINATED SITES; SPAIN; FRACTIONATION; GUIZHOU; CHINA; AREA AB Detailed Spanish records of cinnabar mining and mercury production during the colonial period in Huancavelica, Peru were examined to estimate historical health risks to the community from exposure to elemental mercury (Hg) vapor resulting from cinnabar refining operations. Between 1564 and 1810, nearly 17,000 metric tons of Hg were released to the atmosphere in Huancavelica from Hg production. AERMOD was used with estimated emissions and source characteristics to approximate historic atmospheric concentrations of mercury vapor. Modeled 1-hour and long-term concentrations were compared with present-day inhalation reference values for elemental Hg. Estimated 1-hour maximum concentrations for the entire community exceeded present-day occupational inhalation reference values, while some areas closest to the smelters exceeded present-day emergency response guideline levels. Estimated long-term maximum concentrations for the entire community exceeded the EPA Reference Concentration (RfC) by a factor of 30 to 100, with areas closest to the smelters exceeding the RfC by a factor of 300 to 1000. Based on the estimated historical concentrations of Hg vapor in the community, the study also measured the extent of present-day contamination throughout the community through soil sampling and analysis. Total Hg in soils sampled from 20 locations ranged from 1.75 to 698 mg/kg and three adobe brick samples ranging from 47.4 to 284 mg/kg, consistent with other sites of mercury mining and use. The results of the soil sampling indicate that the present-day population of Huancavelica is exposed to levels of mercury from legacy contamination which is currently among the highest worldwide, consequently placing them at potential risk of adverse health outcomes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Robins, Nicholas A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Robins, Nicholas A.; Hagan, Nicole] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Halabi, Susan] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Hsu-Kim, Heileen; Zhang, Tong] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario] Environm Hlth Council, Ascension, Huancavelica, Peru. [Morris, Mark] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Woodall, George; Vandenberg, John] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Richter, Daniel deB.; Heine, Paul; Bacon, Allan] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, LSRC, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Robins, NA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Withers Hall 268, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM narobins@ncsu.edu; hagan.nicole@epa.gov; susan.halabi@duke.edu; hsukim@duke.edu; espinozaii@hotmail.com; morris.mark@epa.gov; woodall.george@epa.gov; drichter@duke.edu; pheine@duke.edu; tong.zhang@duke.edu; allan.bacon@duke.edu; vandenberg.john@epa.gov RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; Woodall, George/M-5658-2014; OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development; Duke Global Health Institute FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Center for Environmental Assessment and approved for publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.; Special thanks to Ted Palma, James Hirtz, James Thurman, and Roger Brode of the U.S. EPA for their support and contributions to this paper. Nicholas Robins additionally thanks Joseph Graff and Diego Ballivian of the Council for the International Exchange of Scholars Fulbright program, and Marcela Inch former Director of the National Archive and Library of Bolivia, and her staff, as well as Ruben Julio Ruiz Ortiz, Director of the Casa Nacional de Moneda, Potosi and Sheila Beltran Lopez, Director of the Museum of the Nacional de Moneda de Potosi, and Martin Crane Sr. and Jr. for their support of this research. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Richard Merrin, Miguel Yepez, and Carolina Aviles of the U.S. Embassy in Peru, for their assistance. Nicholas Robins and Nicole Hagan would jointly like to acknowledge support from Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education fellowships at the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development. This research was supported by a grant from the Duke Global Health Institute. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 426 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.082 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 952LZ UT WOS:000304795300016 PM 22542225 ER PT J AU Tuskan, GA DiFazio, S Faivre-Rampant, P Gaudet, M Harfouche, A Jorge, V Labbe, JL Ranjan, P Sabatti, M Slavov, G Street, N Tschaplinski, TJ Yin, TM AF Tuskan, Gerald A. DiFazio, Steve Faivre-Rampant, Patricia Gaudet, Muriel Harfouche, Antoine Jorge, Veronique Labbe, Jessy L. Ranjan, Priya Sabatti, Maurizio Slavov, Gancho Street, Nathaniel Tschaplinski, Timothy J. Yin, Tongming TI The obscure events contributing to the evolution of an incipient sex chromosome in Populus: a retrospective working hypothesis SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Review DE Gender determination; Sex chromosome; Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP); MicroRNA (miRNA); Nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR); Populus ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAPS; GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; RESISTANCE GENES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BUD EXUDATE; SMALL RNAS; GC-MS; NATURAL-SELECTION; FLOWERING PLANTS AB Genetic determination of gender is a fundamental developmental and evolutionary process in plants. Although it appears that dioecy in Populus is genetically controlled, the precise gender-determining systems remain unclear. The recently released second draft assembly and annotated gene set of the Populus genome provided an opportunity to revisit this topic. We hypothesized that over evolutionary time, selective pressure has reformed the genome structure and gene composition in the peritelomeric region of the chromosome XIX, which has resulted in a distinctive genome structure and cluster of genes contributing to gender determination in Populus trichocarpa. Multiple lines of evidence support this working hypothesis. First, the peritelomeric region of the chromosome XIX contains significantly fewer single nucleotide polymorphisms than the rest of Populus genome and has a distinct evolutionary history. Second, the peritelomeric end of chromosome XIX contains the largest cluster of the nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) class of disease resistance genes in the entire Populus genome. Third, there is a high occurrence of small microRNAs on chromosome XIX, which is coincident to the region containing the putative gender-determining locus and the major cluster of NBS-LRR genes. Further, by analyzing the metabolomic profiles of floral bud in male and female Populus trees using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found that there are gender-specific accumulations of phenolic glycosides. Taken together, these findings led to the hypothesis that resistance to and regulation of a floral pathogen and gender determination coevolved, and that these events triggered the emergence of a nascent sex chromosome. Further studies of chromosome XIX will provide new insights into the genetic control of gender determination in Populus. C1 [Tuskan, Gerald A.; Labbe, Jessy L.; Ranjan, Priya; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [DiFazio, Steve] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Faivre-Rampant, Patricia] INRA, UMR1165, Unite Rech Genom Vegetale, F-91057 Evry, France. [Gaudet, Muriel; Harfouche, Antoine; Sabatti, Maurizio] Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agrofood & Forest Syst, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Jorge, Veronique] INRA, UR0588, F-45075 Orleans 2, France. [Slavov, Gancho] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Dyfed, Wales. [Street, Nathaniel] Umea Univ, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Yin, Tongming] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Forest Genet & Biotechnol, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Tuskan, GA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gtk@ornl.gov; stephen.difazio@mail.wvu.edu; faivre@evry.inra.fr; gaudet@unitus.it; aharfouche@unitus.it; veronique.jorge@orleans.inra.fr; labbejj@ornl.gov; ranjanp@ornl.gov; sabatti@unitus.it; gts@aber.ac.uk; nathaniel.street@plantphys.umu.se; t2t@ornl.gov; tmyin@njfu.com.cn RI Street, Nathaniel/B-3920-2008; Gaudet, Muriel/J-8875-2012; Labbe, Jessy/G-9532-2011; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; OI Street, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6031-005X; Labbe, Jessy/0000-0003-0368-2054; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Tschaplinski, Timothy/0000-0002-9540-6622 FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) FX General analysis and writing of this paper were supported by the BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Facility supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by the University of Tennessee-Battelle LLC for the Department of Energy. AH is supported by the Brain Gain Program (Rientro dei cervelli) of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR). NR 106 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 58 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 3 BP 559 EP 571 DI 10.1007/s11295-012-0495-6 PG 13 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 958MJ UT WOS:000305241900007 ER PT J AU Baker, EN Dauter, Z AF Baker, Edward N. Dauter, Zbigniew TI Small angle scattering - moving forward SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Editorial Material ID DEPOSITION C1 [Baker, Edward N.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Dauter, Zbigniew] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Baker, EN (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 92-019, Auckland 1, New Zealand. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 68 BP 619 EP 619 DI 10.1107/S0907444912021105 PN 6 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 955FY UT WOS:000305003700001 PM 22683783 ER PT J AU Brown, LS Preston, DL AF Brown, Lowell S. Preston, Dean L. TI Leading relativistic corrections to the Kompaneets equation SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Kompaneets; Relativistic corrections; Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect ID FOKKER-PLANCK EQUATION; COMPTON; SCATTERING; RADIATION; ELECTRONS; GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; UNIVERSE; PLASMA AB We calculate the first relativistic corrections to the Kompaneets equation for the evolution of the photon frequency distribution brought about by Compton scattering. The Lorentz invariant Boltzmann equation for electron-photon scattering is first specialized to isotropic electron and photon distributions, the squared scattering amplitude and the energy-momentum conserving delta function are each expanded to order v(4)/c(4) averages over the directions of the electron and photon momenta are then carried out, and finally an integration over the photon energy yields our Fokker-Planck equation. The Kompaneets equation, which involves only first- and second-order derivatives with respect to the photon energy, results from the order v(2)/c(2) terms, while the first relativistic corrections of order v(4)/c(4) introduce third- and fourth-order derivatives. We emphasize that our result holds when neither the electrons nor the photons are in thermal equilibrium; two effective temperatures characterize a general, non-thermal electron distribution. When the electrons are in thermal equilibrium our relativistic Fokker-Planck equation is in complete agreement with the most recent published results, but we both disagree with older work. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Lowell S.; Preston, Dean L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brown, LS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM brownl@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 11 BP 742 EP 748 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.03.006 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 952JC UT WOS:000304787800003 ER PT J AU Cherwinka, J Co, R Cowen, DF Grant, D Halzen, F Heeger, KM Hsu, L Karle, A Kudryavtsev, VA Maruyama, R Pettus, W Robinson, M Spooner, NJC AF Cherwinka, J. Co, R. Cowen, D. F. Grant, D. Halzen, F. Heeger, K. M. Hsu, L. Karle, A. Kudryavtsev, V. A. Maruyama, R. Pettus, W. Robinson, M. Spooner, N. J. C. TI A search for the dark matter annual modulation in South Pole ice SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Dark matter; Direct detection; Annual modulation; DAMA; South Pole ID DAMA/LIBRA; CANDIDATES; LIMITS; CONSTRAINTS; EXPOSURE; HISTORY AB Astrophysical observations and cosmological data have led to the conclusion that nearly one quarter of the Universe consists of dark matter. Should dark matter interact with nucleons, it has been postulated that an observable signature of dark matter is an annual modulation in the rate of dark matter-nucleon interactions taking place in an Earth-bound experiment. To search for this effect, we introduce the concept for a new dark matter experiment using NaI scintillation detectors deployed deep in the South Pole ice. This experiment complements dark matter search efforts in the Northern Hemisphere and will investigate the observed annual modulation in the DAMA/LIBRA and DAMA/NaI experiments. The unique location will permit the study of background effects correlated with seasonal variations and the surrounding environment. This paper describes the experimental concept and explores the sensitivity of a 250 kg NaI experiment at the South Pole. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Co, R.; Hsu, L.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Cherwinka, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Phys Sci Lab, Stoughton, WI 53589 USA. [Cowen, D. F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cowen, D. F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Grant, D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Halzen, F.; Heeger, K. M.; Karle, A.; Maruyama, R.; Pettus, W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kudryavtsev, V. A.; Robinson, M.; Spooner, N. J. C.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RP Hsu, L (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM llhsu@fnal.gov RI Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; OI Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Pettus, Walter/0000-0003-4947-7400; Co, Raymond/0000-0002-8395-7056; Kudryavtsev, Vitaly/0000-0002-7018-5827 FU Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Sloan Research Foundation; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta; Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship; Science Undergraduate Laboratory; Fermilab; United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359] FX The concept of a dark matter annual modulation experiment in the Southern Hemisphere has been discussed by several people in the past. For the development of the experiment presented here, we wish to thank Peter Fisher, Bernard Sadoulet and Christopher Stubbs for their encouragement and input. We acknowledge Katherine Freese for useful theoretical discussion. We wish to thank Jonghee Yoo for sharing the Pipewimp limit calculation package, which was used to perform the sensitivity studies presented in this paper. We thank SNOLAB for their efforts on the low background measurements. We thank STFC and the Boulby mine company CPL for support of low background measurements of NaI. This work was supported by the Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Sloan Research Foundation, the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the University of Alberta, the Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship, the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships and Fermilab, which is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 11 BP 749 EP 754 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.03.003 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 952JC UT WOS:000304787800004 ER PT J AU Richardson, DJ Edwards, MJ White, GF Baiden, N Hartshorne, RS Fredrickson, J Shi, L Zachara, J Gates, AJ Butt, JN Clarke, TA AF Richardson, David J. Edwards, Marcus J. White, Gaye F. Baiden, Nanakow Hartshorne, Robert S. Fredrickson, Jim Shi, Liang Zachara, John Gates, Andrew J. Butt, Julea N. Clarke, Thomas A. TI Exploring the biochemistry at the extracellular redox frontier of bacterial mineral Fe(III) respiration SO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE cytochrome c; electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR); electron transfer; iron respiration; protein film voltammetry; Shewanella ID SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; MEMBRANE CYTOCHROMES MTRC; C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES; OUTER-MEMBRANE; OMCA; REDUCTION AB Many species of the bacterial Shewanella genus are notable for their ability to respire in anoxic environments utilizing insoluble minerals of Fe(III) and Mn(IV) as extracellular electron acceptors. In Shewanella oneidensis, the process is dependent on the decahaem electron-transport proteins that lie at the extracellular face of the outer membrane where they can contact the insoluble mineral substrates. These extracellular proteins are charged with electrons provided by an inter-membrane electron-transfer pathway that links the extracellular face of the outer membrane with the inner cytoplasmic membrane and thereby intracellular electron sources. In the present paper, we consider the common structural features of two of these outer-membrane decahaem cytochromes, MtrC and MtrF, and bring this together with biochemical, spectroscopic and voltammetric data to identify common and distinct properties of these prototypical members of different clades of the outer-membrane decahaem cytochrome superfamily. C1 [Richardson, David J.; Edwards, Marcus J.; White, Gaye F.; Baiden, Nanakow; Hartshorne, Robert S.; Gates, Andrew J.; Butt, Julea N.; Clarke, Thomas A.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Mol & Struct Biochem, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Fredrickson, Jim; Shi, Liang; Zachara, John] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Richardson, DJ (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Mol & Struct Biochem, Norwich Res Pk, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. EM d.richardson@uea.ac.uk RI Gates, Andrew/F-8218-2011; Richardson, David/E-2275-2011; clarke, tom/D-1837-2009; Butt, Julea/E-2133-2011 OI Gates, Andrew/0000-0002-4594-5038; clarke, tom/0000-0002-6234-1914; Butt, Julea/0000-0002-9624-5226 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; EMSL (Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX This research was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and EMSL (Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory) Scientific Grand Challenge project at the W. R. Wiley EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research programme located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the Department of Energy by Battelle. D.J.R. is a Royal Society Wolfson Foundation Merit Award holder. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 33 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 0300-5127 J9 BIOCHEM SOC T JI Biochem. Soc. Trans. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 BP 493 EP 500 DI 10.1042/BST20120018 PN 3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 952PG UT WOS:000304803900002 PM 22616858 ER PT J AU Ragsdale, SW Yi, L Bender, G Gupta, N Kung, Y Yan, LF Stich, TA Doukov, T Leichert, L Jenkins, PM Bianchetti, CM George, SJ Cramer, SP Britt, RD Jakob, U Martens, JR Phillips, GN Drennan, CL AF Ragsdale, Stephen W. Yi, Li Bender, Guenes Gupta, Nirupama Kung, Yan Yan, Lifen Stich, Troy A. Doukov, Tzanko Leichert, Lars Jenkins, Paul M. Bianchetti, Christopher M. George, Simon J. Cramer, Stephen P. Britt, R. David Jakob, Ursula Martens, Jeffrey R. Phillips, George N., Jr. Drennan, Catherine L. TI Redox, haem and CO in enzymatic catalysis and regulation SO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS); carbon monoxide; carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH); catalysis; haem; redox regulation ID ACETYL-COA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SIGNALING MOLECULE; SYNTHASE; OXYGENASE; MOTIFS; BILIRUBIN; PROTEIN; SWITCH; INTERMEDIATE AB The present paper describes general principles of redox catalysis and redox regulation in two diverse systems. The first is microbial metabolism of CO by the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, which involves the conversion of CO or H-2/CO2 into acetyl-CoA, which then serves as a source of ATP and cell carbon. The focus is on two enzymes that make and utilize CO, CODH (carbon monoxide dehydrogenase) and ACS (acetylCoA synthase). In this pathway, CODH converts CO2 into CO and ACS generates acetyl-CoA in a reaction involving Ni center dot CO, methyl-Ni and acetyl-Ni as catalytic intermediates. A 70 angstrom (1 angstrom = 0.1 nm) channel guides CO, generated at the active site of CODH, to a CO 'cage' near the ACS active site to sequester this reactive species and assure its rapid availability to participate in a kinetically coupled reaction with an unstable Ni(I) state that was recently trapped by photolytic, rapid kinetic and spectroscopic studies. The present paper also describes studies of two haem-regulated systems that involve a principle of metabolic regulation interlinking redox, haem and CO. Recent studies with HO2 (haem oxygenase-2), a K+ ion channel (the BK channel) and a nuclear receptor (Rev-Erb) demonstrate that this mode of regulation involves a thiol-disulfide redox switch that regulates haem binding and that gas signalling molecules (CO and NO) modulate the effect of haem. C1 [Ragsdale, Stephen W.; Yi, Li; Bender, Guenes; Gupta, Nirupama] Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kung, Yan; Drennan, Catherine L.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kung, Yan; Drennan, Catherine L.] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Yan, Lifen; Stich, Troy A.; George, Simon J.; Cramer, Stephen P.; Britt, R. David] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Doukov, Tzanko] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Leichert, Lars; Jakob, Ursula] Univ Michigan, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Jenkins, Paul M.; Martens, Jeffrey R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Pharmacol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bianchetti, Christopher M.; Phillips, George N., Jr.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Cramer, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ragsdale, SW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM sragsdal@umich.edu RI Yi, Li/A-3967-2013; Stich, Troy/F-1625-2013; Jenkins, Paul/C-9098-2015; Leichert, Lars/B-4762-2009 OI Stich, Troy/0000-0003-0710-1456; Jenkins, Paul/0000-0002-4207-5823; Leichert, Lars/0000-0002-5666-9681 FU National Institutes of Health [GM69857, GM39451, HL 102662, NIH GM65440, GM48242, Y1-GM-1104, GM065318, AG027349]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0745353]; Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) FX Research was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers GM69857 (to C. L. D.), GM39451 and HL 102662 (to S. W. R), NIH GM65440 (to S. P. C.), GM48242 (to R. D. B.), Y1-GM-1104 (to G.N.P.), GM065318 (to U.J.) and AG027349 (to U.J.)], the National Science Foundation [grant number CHE-0745353 (to S. P. C.)] and Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) (to S. P. C.). C. L. D. is an Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Investigator. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 25 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 0300-5127 J9 BIOCHEM SOC T JI Biochem. Soc. Trans. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 BP 501 EP 507 DI 10.1042/BST20120083 PN 3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 952PG UT WOS:000304803900003 PM 22616859 ER PT J AU Shu, JY Lund, R Xu, T AF Shu, Jessica Y. Lund, Reidar Xu, Ting TI Solution Structural Characterization of Coiled-Coil Peptide-Polymer Side-Conjugates SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER MICELLES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; HYDRODYNAMIC RADIUS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; HELIX BUNDLE; CHAIN-LENGTH; PROTEINS; PEGYLATION AB Detailed structural characterization of protein-polymer conjugates and understanding of the interactions between covalently attached polymers and biomolecules will build a foundation to design and synthesize hybrid biomaterials. Conjugates based on simple protein structures are ideal model system to achieve these ends. Here we present a systematic structural study of coiled-coil peptide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side-conjugates in solution, using circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, and small-angle X-ray scattering, to determine the conformation of conjugated PEG chains. The overall size and shape of side-conjugates were determined using a cylindrical form factor model. Detailed structural information of the covalently attached PEG chains was extracted using a newly developed model where each peptide-PEG conjugate was modeled as a Gaussian chain attached to a cylinder, which was further arranged in a bundle-like configuration of three or four cylinders. The peptide-polymer side-conjugates were found to retain helix bundle structure, with the polymers slightly compressed in comparison with the conformation of free polymers in solution. Such detailed structural characterization of the peptide-polymer conjugates, which elucidates the conformation of conjugated PEG around the peptide and assesses the effect of PEG on peptide structure, will contribute to the rational design of this new family of soft materials. C1 [Shu, Jessica Y.; Lund, Reidar; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lund, Reidar; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tingxu@berkeley.edu RI Lund, Reidar/F-3534-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Use of the Advanced Light Source, LBNL, was supported by the DOE. We thank Prof. Manga in the Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science, UC Berkeley for access to a densiometer. We also thank Brian Panganiban and Joo Chuan Mg for helping to synthesize and purify samples. Dr. Ilja Gunkel and Stephen Alvarez at the ALS are acknowledged for assistance during the SAXS experiments. NR 68 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 57 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD JUN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1945 EP 1955 DI 10.1021/bm300561y PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 954WO UT WOS:000304978900027 PM 22575010 ER PT J AU Bisrat, S DeShon, HR Rowe, C AF Bisrat, Shishay DeShon, Heather R. Rowe, Charlotte TI Microseismic Swarm Activity in the New Madrid Seismic Zone SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INTRAPLATE SEISMICITY; CLUSTERED MICROEARTHQUAKES; MISSISSIPPI EMBAYMENT; EARTHQUAKE RELOCATION; FOCAL MECHANISM; FAULT; ALGORITHM; TENNESSEE; STRAIN AB We analyze event archives and continuous waveform data recorded by the Cooperative New Madrid Seismic Network from 1995 to 2008 in conjunction with waveform cross-correlation techniques to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of small-magnitude (M-D < 2.4) earthquakes in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). The resulting clusters are divided into two major groups based on the interevent time period: (1) swarm clusters, in which the number of highly similar events recorded in a day is more than the seismic zone maximum daily rate (similar to 3 events/day) and (2) repeating earthquakes clusters, which consist of highly similar events separated by longer time periods. Most swarm clusters occur near Ridgely, Tennessee, and this 4-km x 2-km x 2-km elongated source zone produces swarms every 1-3 years that contain large numbers of strikingly similar events. Other swarms and repeating earthquake clusters occur at proposed fault intersections in the crystalline basement or along strong velocity contrasts. Focal mechanism solutions for NMSZ clusters are consistent with previously reported solutions for each major fault. We suggest that anomalously high pore-fluid pressure, inferred from artesian wells, porous intrusions, and faulted, fractured crustal rocks, is the most likely cause of swarm activity. Repeating earthquake ruptures are interpreted as reactivation of small asperities. C1 [Bisrat, Shishay; DeShon, Heather R.] Univ Memphis, CERI, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Bisrat, Shishay] Univ Memphis, Dept Earth Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Rowe, Charlotte] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bisrat, S (reprint author), Univ Memphis, CERI, 3890 Cent Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM stbisrat@memphis.edu FU Center for Earthquake Resources and Information; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); United States Geological Survey [G10AP00013] FX The authors thank Charles Langston, Associate Editor Guoqing Lin, and three anonymous reviewers for critical comments that improved the manuscript and Mitch Withers for making the 2008 continuous waveforms available. We acknowledge support from the Center for Earthquake Resources and Information, the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and the United States Geological Survey (award G10AP00013 to H. R. DeShon). This is LANL publication number LA-UR 10-07616. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 1167 EP 1178 DI 10.1785/0120100315 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 953LY UT WOS:000304870500018 ER PT J AU Mellors, RJ Jackson, J Myers, S Gok, R Priestley, K Yetirmishli, G Turkelli, N Godoladze, T AF Mellors, R. J. Jackson, J. Myers, S. Gok, R. Priestley, K. Yetirmishli, G. Turkelli, N. Godoladze, T. TI Deep Earthquakes beneath the Northern Caucasus: Evidence of Active or Recent Subduction in Western Asia (vol 102, pg 862, 2012) SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Correction C1 [Mellors, R. J.; Myers, S.; Gok, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Jackson, J.; Priestley, K.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB3 OEZ, England. [Yetirmishli, G.] Natl Acad Sci, Republ Seism Survey Ctr, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Turkelli, N.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Geophys, Kandilli Observ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Turkelli, N.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Geophys, Earthquake Res Inst, Istanbul, Turkey. [Godoladze, T.] Ilia State Univ, Earth Res Inst, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. RP Mellors, RJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mellors1@llnl.gov RI Mellors, Robert/K-7479-2014; Gok, Rengin/O-6639-2014 OI Mellors, Robert/0000-0002-2723-5163; NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 3 BP 1288 EP 1288 DI 10.1785/0120120100 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 953LY UT WOS:000304870500028 ER PT J AU Yang, ZW Ding, MM Chen, SM Wang, Z Zhang, F Gao, YN AF Yang Zhen-Wei Ding Ming-Ming Chen Shao-Min Wang Zhe Zhang Feng Gao Yuan-Ning TI Simulation study of neutrino nucleus cross section measurement in a segmented detector at a spallation neutron source SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article DE unfolding; neutrino; differential cross section; segmented detector; Monte Carlo; SNS; supernova AB Knowledge of nu(e)-Fe/Pb differential cross sections for nu(e) energy below several tens of MeV scale is believed to be crucial in understanding supernova physics. In a segmented detector at a spallation neutron source, nu(e) energy reconstructed from the electron range measurement is strongly affected because both multiple scattering and electromagnetic showers occur along the electron passage in target materials. In order to estimate these effects, a simulation study has been performed with a cube block model assuming perfect tracking precision. The energy spectrum distortion is observed to be proportional to the atomic number of the target material. Feasibility of unfolding the distorted nu(e) energy spectrum is studied for both Fe and Pb. An evaluation of the statistical accuracy attainable is therefore provided for a segmented detector. C1 [Yang Zhen-Wei; Ding Ming-Ming; Chen Shao-Min; Zhang Feng; Gao Yuan-Ning] Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Particle & Radiat Imaging, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Yang Zhen-Wei; Ding Ming-Ming; Chen Shao-Min; Zhang Feng; Gao Yuan-Ning] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Yang Zhen-Wei; Ding Ming-Ming; Chen Shao-Min; Wang Zhe; Zhang Feng; Gao Yuan-Ning] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang Zhe] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yang, ZW (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Particle & Radiat Imaging, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM yangzhw@tsinghua.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10875062, 10905033] FX Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10875062, 10905033) NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD JUN PY 2012 VL 36 IS 6 BP 538 EP 543 DI 10.1088/1674-1137/36/6/010 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 955QC UT WOS:000305035000010 ER PT J AU Petra, CG Anitescu, M AF Petra, Cosmin G. Anitescu, Mihai TI A preconditioning technique for Schur complement systems arising in stochastic optimization SO COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Stochastic programming; Saddle-point preconditioning; Krylov methods; Interior-point method; Sample average approximations; Parallel computing ID INTERIOR-POINT METHODS; SYMMETRIC INDEFINITE SYSTEMS; STRUCTURED LINEAR-PROGRAMS; DECOMPOSITION ALGORITHMS; QUADRATIC PROGRAMS; BARRIER METHOD; SOLVER; FACTORIZATION; UNCERTAINTY; GENERATION AB Deterministic sample average approximations of stochastic programming problems with recourse are suitable for a scenario-based parallelization. In this paper the parallelization is obtained by using an interior-point method and a Schur complement mechanism for the interior-point linear systems. However, the direct linear solves involving the dense Schur complement matrix are expensive, and adversely affect the scalability of this approach. We address this issue by proposing a stochastic preconditioner for the Schur complement matrix and by using Krylov iterative methods for the solution of the dense linear systems. The stochastic preconditioner is built based on a subset of existing scenarios and can be assembled and factorized on a separate process before the computation of the Schur complement matrix finishes on the remaining processes. The expensive factorization of the Schur complement is removed from the parallel execution flow and the scaling of the optimization solver is considerably improved with this approach. The spectral analysis indicates an exponentially fast convergence in probability to 1 of the eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix with the number of scenarios incorporated in the preconditioner. Numerical experiments performed on the relaxation of a unit commitment problem show good performance, in terms of both the accuracy of the solution and the execution time. C1 [Petra, Cosmin G.; Anitescu, Mihai] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Anitescu, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM petra@mcs.anl.gov; anitescu@mcs.anl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are grateful to John Birge for discussions on the issues in the manuscript, and to three referees whose constructive comments helped to improve the paper. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy through contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 58 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0926-6003 J9 COMPUT OPTIM APPL JI Comput. Optim. Appl. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 2 BP 315 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s10589-011-9418-y PG 30 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 951BZ UT WOS:000304697000001 ER PT J AU Maojo, V Fritts, M Martin-Sanchez, F De la Iglesia, D Cachau, RE Garcia-Remesal, M Crespo, J Mitchell, JA Anguita, A Baker, N Barreiro, JM Benitez, SE De la Calle, G Facelli, JC Ghazal, P Geissbuhler, A Gonzalez-Nilo, F Graf, N Grangeat, P Hermosilla, I Hussein, R Kern, J Koch, S Legre, Y Lopez-Alonso, V Lopez-Campos, G Milanesi, L Moustakis, V Munteanu, C Otero, P Pazos, A Perez-Rey, D Potamias, G Sanz, F Kulikowski, C AF Maojo, Victor Fritts, Martin Martin-Sanchez, Fernando De la Iglesia, Diana Cachau, Raul E. Garcia-Remesal, Miguel Crespo, Jose Mitchell, Joyce A. Anguita, Alberto Baker, Nathan Maria Barreiro, Jose Benitez, Sonia E. De la Calle, Guillermo Facelli, Julio C. Ghazal, Peter Geissbuhler, Antoine Gonzalez-Nilo, Fernando Graf, Norbert Grangeat, Pierre Hermosilla, Isabel Hussein, Rada Kern, Josipa Koch, Sabine Legre, Yannick Lopez-Alonso, Victoria Lopez-Campos, Guillermo Milanesi, Luciano Moustakis, Vassilis Munteanu, Cristian Otero, Paula Pazos, Alejandro Perez-Rey, David Potamias, George Sanz, Ferran Kulikowski, Casimir TI Nanoinformatics: developing new computing applications for nanomedicine SO COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Nanoinformatics; Computing; Nanotechnology; Bioinformatics; Medical Informatics; Nanomedicine ID MEDICAL INFORMATICS; GENOMIC MEDICINE; MOLECULAR MEDICINE; HEALTH-CARE; BIOINFORMATICS; ONTOLOGIES; SYNERGY; SUPPORT AB Nanoinformatics has recently emerged to address the need of computing applications at the nano level. In this regard, the authors have participated in various initiatives to identify its concepts, foundations and challenges. While nanomaterials open up the possibility for developing new devices in many industrial and scientific areas, they also offer breakthrough perspectives for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this paper, we analyze the different aspects of nanoinformatics and suggest five research topics to help catalyze new research and development in the area, particularly focused on nanomedicine. We also encompass the use of informatics to further the biological and clinical applications of basic research in nanoscience and nanotechnology, and the related concept of an extended "nanotype" to coalesce information related to nanoparticles. We suggest how nanoinformatics could accelerate developments in nanomedicine, similarly to what happened with the Human Genome and other -omics projects, on issues like exchanging modeling and simulation methods and tools, linking toxicity information to clinical and personal databases or developing new approaches for scientific ontologies, among many others. C1 [Maojo, Victor; De la Iglesia, Diana; Garcia-Remesal, Miguel; Crespo, Jose; Anguita, Alberto; Maria Barreiro, Jose; De la Calle, Guillermo; Perez-Rey, David] Univ Politecn Madrid, Fac Informat, Dept Artificial Intelligence, Biomed Informat Grp, E-28660 Madrid, Spain. [Cachau, Raul E.] NCI, Adv Biomed Comp Ctr, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Martin-Sanchez, Fernando] Univ Melbourne, Med Sch IBES, Hlth & Biomed Informat Res Lab, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Mitchell, Joyce A.; Facelli, Julio C.] Univ Utah, Biomed Informat Dept, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Baker, Nathan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Benitez, Sonia E.; Otero, Paula] Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Dept Med Informat, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ghazal, Peter] Univ Edinburgh, Div Pathway Med, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Geissbuhler, Antoine] Univ Hosp Geneva, Div Med Informat, Geneva, Switzerland. [Gonzalez-Nilo, Fernando] Univ Talca, Ctr Bioinformat & Mol Simulat, Talca, Chile. [Graf, Norbert] Univ Saarland, Dept Pediat Oncol & Hematol, D-6650 Homburg, Germany. [Grangeat, Pierre] Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat CEA, LETI, Grenoble, France. [Hermosilla, Isabel; Lopez-Alonso, Victoria; Lopez-Campos, Guillermo] Inst Hlth Carlos III, Dept Med Bioinformat, Madrid, Spain. [Hussein, Rada] Minist Commun & Informat Technol, Inst Informat Technol, Cairo, Egypt. [Kern, Josipa] Univ Zagreb, Sch Med, Andrija Stampar Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med Stat Epidemiol & Med Informat, Zagreb 41001, Croatia. [Koch, Sabine] Karolinska Inst, Dept Learning Informat Management & Eth, Hlth Informat Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Legre, Yannick] Hlth Grid Org, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Milanesi, Luciano] CNR, Inst Biomed Technol, Milan, Italy. [Moustakis, Vassilis] Tech Univ Crete, Khania, Crete, Greece. [Moustakis, Vassilis; Potamias, George] FORTH, Inst Comp Sci, Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Munteanu, Cristian; Pazos, Alejandro] Univ A Coruna, Dept Informat & Commun Technol, La Coruna, Spain. [Sanz, Ferran] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Biomed Informat Res Programme GRIB, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain. [Kulikowski, Casimir] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Newark, NJ USA. [Ghazal, Peter] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Syst Biol Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Maojo, V (reprint author), Univ Politecn Madrid, Fac Informat, Dept Artificial Intelligence, Biomed Informat Grp, E-28660 Madrid, Spain. EM vmaojo@fi.upm.es RI Gonzalez-Nilo, Fernando/M-5671-2016; Munteanu, Cristian/G-1714-2011; Baker, Nathan/A-8605-2010; Koch, Sabine/F-8020-2010; Perez-Rey, David/B-8172-2009; Garcia-Remesal, Miguel/G-3147-2013; Sanz, Ferran/B-3852-2009; Moustakis, Vassilis/C-4484-2011; Lopez Campos, Guillermo/G-2883-2015; Martin-Sanchez, Fernando/A-7587-2008; Barreiro, Jose Maria/G-1389-2016; Gasull, Martina/A-6630-2013; OI , Josipa/0000-0002-0896-3018; Munteanu, Cristian-Robert/0000-0002-5628-2268; facelli, julio/0000-0003-1449-477X; Gonzalez-Nilo, Fernando/0000-0001-6857-3575; Pazos Sierra, Alejandro/0000-0003-2324-238X; Lopez-Campos, Guillermo/0000-0003-3011-0940; Milanesi, Luciano/0000-0002-1201-3939; Baker, Nathan/0000-0002-5892-6506; Perez-Rey, David/0000-0002-9021-2597; Garcia-Remesal, Miguel/0000-0002-7532-9471; Sanz, Ferran/0000-0002-7534-7661; Moustakis, Vassilis/0000-0003-2916-6277; Martin-Sanchez, Fernando/0000-0002-7312-5707; Anguita, Alberto/0000-0002-1607-8465; Otero, Paula/0000-0002-9812-4591 FU European Commission(ACTION) [FP7-224176]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [FIS/AESPS09/00069]; RETICS COMBIOMED [RD07/0067/0006] FX This work has been partially funded by the European Commission (the ACTION-Grid Support Action, FP7-224176) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FIS/AESPS09/00069 and RETICS COMBIOMED RD07/0067/0006). NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 35 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0010-485X J9 COMPUTING JI Computing PD JUN PY 2012 VL 94 IS 6 BP 521 EP 539 DI 10.1007/s00607-012-0191-2 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 955OS UT WOS:000305030800003 PM 22942787 ER PT J AU Rineau, F Roth, D Shah, F Smits, M Johansson, T Canback, B Olsen, PB Persson, P Grell, MN Lindquist, E Grigoriev, IV Lange, L Tunlid, A AF Rineau, Francois Roth, Doris Shah, Firoz Smits, Mark Johansson, Tomas Canback, Bjorn Olsen, Peter Bjarke Persson, Per Grell, Morten Nedergaard Lindquist, Erika Grigoriev, Igor V. Lange, Lene Tunlid, Anders TI The ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus converts organic matter in plant litter using a trimmed brown-rot mechanism involving Fenton chemistry SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; C-14-LABELED LIGNIN; VEGETATIVE MYCELIUM; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; LACCARIA-BICOLOR; BOREAL FOREST; SOIL; CARBON; DEGRADATION AB Soils in boreal forests contain large stocks of carbon. Plants are the main source of this carbon through tissue residues and root exudates. A major part of the exudates are allocated to symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi. In return, the plant receives nutrients, in particular nitrogen from the mycorrhizal fungi. To capture the nitrogen, the fungi must at least partly disrupt the recalcitrant organic matterprotein complexes within which the nitrogen is embedded. This disruption process is poorly characterized. We used spectroscopic analyses and transcriptome profiling to examine the mechanism by which the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus degrades organic matter when acquiring nitrogen from plant litter. The fungus partially degraded polysaccharides and modified the structure of polyphenols. The observed chemical changes were consistent with a hydroxyl radical attack, involving Fenton chemistry similar to that of brown-rot fungi. The set of enzymes expressed by Pa. involutus during the degradation of the organic matter was similar to the set of enzymes involved in the oxidative degradation of wood by brown-rot fungi. However, Pa. involutus lacked transcripts encoding extracellular enzymes needed for metabolizing the released carbon. The saprotrophic activity has been reduced to a radical-based biodegradation system that can efficiently disrupt the organic matterprotein complexes and thereby mobilize the entrapped nutrients. We suggest that the released carbon then becomes available for further degradation and assimilation by commensal microbes, and that these activities have been lost in ectomycorrhizal fungi as an adaptation to symbiotic growth on host photosynthate. The interdependence of ectomycorrhizal symbionts and saprophytic microbes would provide a key link in the turnover of nutrients and carbon in forest ecosystems. C1 [Rineau, Francois; Shah, Firoz; Johansson, Tomas; Canback, Bjorn; Tunlid, Anders] Microbial Ecol Grp, Dept Biol, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Roth, Doris; Grell, Morten Nedergaard; Lange, Lene] Aalborg Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Chem, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark. [Smits, Mark] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Limburg, Belgium. [Olsen, Peter Bjarke] Novozymes, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark. [Persson, Per] Umea Univ, Dept Chem, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Lindquist, Erika; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Tunlid, A (reprint author), Microbial Ecol Grp, Dept Biol, Ecol Bldg, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. EM anders.tunlid@biol.lu.se RI Persson, Per/D-7388-2012; Smits, Mark/G-8243-2011; Lange, Lene/Q-8051-2016 OI Persson, Per/0000-0001-9172-3068; Smits, Mark/0000-0002-2912-888X; Lange, Lene/0000-0002-5336-1155 FU Swedish Research Council (VR); strategic research program Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in a Changing Climate (BECC); Danish Agency for Science and Technology; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO); Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH1123.1] FX The work was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (VR), the strategic research program Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in a Changing Climate (BECC), the Danish Agency for Science and Technology, and the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO). 454 sequencing was conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH1123.1. We thank Charles G. Kurland for help with the manuscript, and Jan Czech and professor Carleer for support with the Py-GC/MS. Novozymes is acknowledged for a royalty-free license to use the TAST technology for research purposes. NR 59 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 106 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1477 EP 1487 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02736.x PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 953KQ UT WOS:000304866600011 PM 22469289 ER PT J AU Burke, JR Hura, GL Rubin, SM AF Burke, Jason R. Hura, Greg L. Rubin, Seth M. TI Structures of inactive retinoblastoma protein reveal multiple mechanisms for cell cycle control SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Retinoblastoma protein; cell cycle regulation; multisite phosphorylation; cyclin-dependent kinase; X-ray crystal structure; small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) ID SCATTERING DATA-ANALYSIS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; MULTISITE PHOSPHORYLATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DNA-REPLICATION; MOLECULAR-BASIS; E2F; DOMAIN; PRB AB Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) phosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma protein (Rb) drives cell proliferation through inhibition of Rb complexes with E2F transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. We present the first structures of phosphorylated Rb that reveal the mechanism of its inactivation. S608 phosphorylation orders a flexible "pocket" domain loop such that it mimics and directly blocks E2F transactivation domain (E2F(TD)) binding. T373 phosphorylation induces a global conformational change that associates the pocket and N-terminal domains (RbN). This first multidomain Rb structure demonstrates a novel role for RbN in allosterically inhibiting the E2F(TD)-pocket association and protein binding to the pocket "LxCxE" site. Together, these structures detail the regulatory mechanism for a canonical growth-repressive complex and provide a novel example of how multisite Cdk phosphorylation induces diverse structural changes to influence cell cycle signaling. C1 [Burke, Jason R.; Rubin, Seth M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Hura, Greg L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rubin, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM srubin@ucsc.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01CA132685]; Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NIH/NCI [P01CA92584]; The Pew Charitable Trusts FX This work is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01CA132685) to S.M.R. and the Department of Energy (DOE) Integrated Diffraction Analysis (IDAT) grant contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 for SAXS data collection at the Advanced Light Source. J.R.B. is an ARCS Foundation Scholar. G.H. is supported by NIH/NCI P01CA92584 Structural Cell Biology of DNA Repair Machines. S.M.R. is a Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences, supported by The Pew Charitable Trusts. NR 52 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 9 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 26 IS 11 BP 1156 EP 1166 DI 10.1101/gad.189837.112 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 952CJ UT WOS:000304767000004 PM 22569856 ER PT J AU Paulter, NG Larson, DR AF Paulter, Nicholas G. Larson, Donald R. TI Pulse Metrology - Part 2 Part 39 in a series of tutorials on instrumentation and measurement SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE Transmission line measurements; Pulse measurements; Tutorials; Uncertainty; Measurement uncertainty; Semiconductor device measurement; Metrology ID SAMPLER CALIBRATION METHOD; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; OSCILLOSCOPES; CIRCUITS; NPL C1 [Paulter, Nicholas G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Paulter, Nicholas G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Paulter, Nicholas G.; Larson, Donald R.] NIST, Law Enforcement Stand Off, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Paulter, Nicholas G.; Larson, Donald R.] NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Larson, Donald R.] NIST, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO USA. EM paulter@nist.gov NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1094-6969 J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 3 BP 43 EP 47 DI 10.1109/MIM.2012.6204873 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 953XF UT WOS:000304906400008 ER PT J AU Massoudi, M Kim, J Antaki, JF AF Massoudi, Mehrdad Kim, Jeongho Antaki, James F. TI Modeling and numerical simulation of blood flow using the theory of interacting continua SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Mixture Theory; Blood; Continuum mechanics; Shear-thinning; Two-phase flows ID MACROSCOPIC RIGID SPHERES; NON-LINEAR DIFFUSION; FLUID-SOLID MIXTURE; ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PASSIVE TRANSPORT; POISEUILLE FLOW; SOFT-TISSUES; VISCOSITY AB In this paper we use a modified form of the mixture theory developed by Massoudi and Rajagopal to study the blood flow in a simple geometry, namely flow between two plates. The blood is assumed to behave as a two-component mixture comprised of plasma and red blood cells (RBCs). The plasma is assumed to behave as a viscous fluid whereas the RBCs are given a granular-like structure where the viscosity also depends on the shear-rate. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Massoudi, Mehrdad] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Kim, Jeongho; Antaki, James F.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Massoudi, M (reprint author), US DOE, NETL, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM MASSOUDI@NETL.DOE.GOV RI Antaki, James/S-3051-2016 OI Antaki, James/0000-0002-5430-7353 FU NIH [R01 HL089456-01] FX This project was supported by NIH R01 HL089456-01. NR 90 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLIN MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 5 BP 506 EP 520 DI 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2011.09.025 PG 15 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 953DX UT WOS:000304848200011 PM 22611284 ER PT J AU Castillo, CKG Levis, S Thornton, P AF Castillo, C. Kendra Gotangco Levis, Samuel Thornton, Peter TI Evaluation of the New CNDV Option of the Community Land Model: Effects of Dynamic Vegetation and Interactive Nitrogen on CLM4 Means and Variability SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE MODEL; TERRESTRIAL CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CO2; DIOXIDE; CYCLE AB The Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4) includes the option to run the prognostic carbon nitrogen (CN) model with dynamic vegetation (CNDV). CNDV, which simulates unmanaged vegetation, modifies the CN framework to implement plant biogeography updates. CNDV simulates a reasonable present-day distribution of plant functional types but underestimates tundra vegetation cover. The CNDV simulation is compared against a CN simulation using a vegetation distribution generated by CNDV and against a carbon-only simulation with prescribed nitrogen limitation (CDV). The comparisons focus on the means and variability of carbon pools and fluxes and biophysical factors, such as albedo, surface radiation, and heat fluxes. The study assesses the relative importance of incorporating interactive nitrogen (CDV to CNDV) versus interactive biogeography (CN to CNDV) in present-day equilibrium simulations. None of the three configurations performs consistently better in simulating carbon or biophysical variables compared to observational estimates. The interactive nitrogen (N) cycle reduces annual means and interannual variability more than dynamic vegetation. Dynamic vegetation reduces seasonal variability in leaf area and, therefore, in moisture fluxes and surface albedo. The interactive N cycle has the opposite effect of enhancing seasonal variability in moisture fluxes and albedo. CNDV contains greater degrees of freedom than CN or CDV by adjusting both through nitrogen-carbon interactions and through vegetation establishment and mortality. Thus, in these equilibrium simulations, CNDV acts as a stronger "regulator" of variability compared to the other configurations. Discussed are plausible explanations for this behavior, which has been shown in past studies to improve climate simulations through better represented climate vegetation interactions. C1 [Castillo, C. Kendra Gotangco] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Castillo, C. Kendra Gotangco] Purdue Univ, Purdue Climate Change Res Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Levis, Samuel] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Thornton, Peter] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci6, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Castillo, CKG (reprint author), Manila Observ, POB 122,UP PO, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. EM kgotangco@observatory.ph RI Thornton, Peter/B-9145-2012 OI Thornton, Peter/0000-0002-4759-5158 FU Office of Science (BER) of the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; National Science Foundation (NSF); Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy; Purdue University FX Computing resources were provided by the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility and the Climate Simulation Laboratory at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL). The Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility is located in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science (BER) of the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. CISL is sponsored by the NSF and other agencies. The CESM project is supported by the National Science Foundation and the Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy. We thank C. Nevison for sharing scripts to extrapolate site-specific annual cycles of CO2 concentrations from simulated NEE. The NCAR Advanced Study Program, Gordon Bonan, and Kevin Robert Gurney provided the opportunity and support for the first author to conduct this study. Purdue University's Blosser Environmental Travel Grant provided additional funding for travel to NCAR. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 31 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 25 IS 11 BP 3702 EP 3714 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00372.1 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 951RC UT WOS:000304736700003 ER PT J AU Zelinka, MD Klein, SA Hartmann, DL AF Zelinka, Mark D. Klein, Stephen A. Hartmann, Dennis L. TI Computing and Partitioning Cloud Feedbacks Using Cloud Property Histograms. Part I: Cloud Radiative Kernels SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE FEEDBACKS; UNRESOLVED CLOUDS; ENERGY-BALANCE; TRANSFER MODEL; ATMOSPHERE; ECMWF; ISCCP; PARAMETERIZATION; SENSITIVITY; ENSEMBLES AB This study proposes a novel technique for computing cloud feedbacks using histograms of cloud fraction as a joint function of cloud-top pressure (CTP) and optical depth (tau). These histograms were generated by the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) simulator that was incorporated into doubled-CO2 simulations from 11 global climate models in the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project. The authors use a radiative transfer model to compute top of atmosphere flux sensitivities to cloud fraction perturbations in each bin of the histogram for each month and latitude. Multiplying these cloud radiative kernels with histograms of modeled cloud fraction changes at each grid point per unit of global warming produces an estimate of cloud feedback. Spatial structures and globally integrated cloud feedbacks computed in this manner agree remarkably well with the adjusted change in cloud radiative forcing. The global and annual mean model-simulated cloud feedback is dominated by contributions from medium thickness (3.6 < tau <= 23) cloud changes, but thick (tau > 23) cloud changes cause the rapid transition of cloud feedback values from positive in midlatitudes to negative poleward of 50 degrees S and 70 degrees N. High (CTP <= 440 hPa) cloud changes are the dominant contributor to longwave (LW) cloud feedback, but because their LW and shortwave (SW) impacts are in opposition, they contribute less to the net cloud feedback than do the positive contributions from low (CTP > 680 hPa) cloud changes. Midlevel (440 < CTP <= 680 hPa) cloud changes cause positive SW cloud feedbacks that are 80% as large as those due to low clouds. Finally, high cloud changes induce wider ranges of LW and SW cloud feedbacks across models than do low clouds. C1 [Zelinka, Mark D.; Klein, Stephen A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Zelinka, Mark D.; Hartmann, Dennis L.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Zelinka, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, 7000 East Ave,L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM zelinka1@llnl.gov RI Zelinka, Mark/C-4627-2011; Klein, Stephen/H-4337-2016 OI Zelinka, Mark/0000-0002-6570-5445; Klein, Stephen/0000-0002-5476-858X FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; NASA at the University of Washington [NNX09AH73G]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We acknowledge the international modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CFMIP multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank Karen Shell and one anonymous reviewer for detailed critiques of this manuscript, Brian Soden and Karen Shell for providing radiative kernels, Rick Hemler for providing additional gfd1_mlm2_1 model output, Rob Wood, Chris Bretherton, and Robert Pincus for useful discussion and suggestions for improvement, and Marc Michelsen for computer support. This research was supported by the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program of the Office of Science at the U.S. Department of Energy and by NASA Grant NNX09AH73G at the University of Washington. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 37 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 25 IS 11 BP 3715 EP 3735 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00248.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 951RC UT WOS:000304736700004 ER PT J AU Zelinka, MD Klein, SA Hartmann, DL AF Zelinka, Mark D. Klein, Stephen A. Hartmann, Dennis L. TI Computing and Partitioning Cloud Feedbacks Using Cloud Property Histograms. Part II: Attribution to Changes in Cloud Amount, Altitude, and Optical Depth SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; LIQUID WATER FEEDBACK; CLIMATE FEEDBACKS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TROPICAL CLOUD; CIRRUS CLOUDS; STORM TRACKS; SENSITIVITY; THICKNESS AB Cloud radiative kernels and histograms of cloud fraction, both as functions of cloud-top pressure and optical depth, are used to quantify cloud amount, altitude, and optical depth feedbacks. The analysis is applied to doubled-CO2 simulations from 11 global climate models in the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project. Global, annual, and ensemble mean longwave (LW) and shortwave (SW) cloud feedbacks are positive, with the latter nearly twice as large as the former. The robust increase in cloud-top altitude in both the tropics and extratropics is the dominant contributor to the positive LW cloud feedback. The negative impact of reductions in cloud amount offsets more than half of the positive impact of rising clouds on LW cloud feedback, but the magnitude of compensation varies considerably across the models. In contrast, robust reductions in cloud amount make a large and virtually unopposed positive contribution to SW cloud feedback, though the intermodel spread is greater than for any other individual feedback component. Overall reductions in cloud amount have twice as large an impact on SW fluxes as on LW fluxes, such that the net cloud amount feedback is moderately positive, with no models exhibiting a negative value. As a consequence of large but partially offsetting effects of cloud amount reductions on LW and SW feedbacks, both the mean and intermodel spread in net cloud amount feedback are smaller than those of the net cloud altitude feedback. Finally, the study finds that the large negative cloud feedback at high latitudes results from robust increases in cloud optical depth, not from increases in total cloud amount as is commonly assumed. C1 [Zelinka, Mark D.; Klein, Stephen A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Zelinka, Mark D.; Hartmann, Dennis L.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Zelinka, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, 7000 East Ave,L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM zelinka1@llnl.gov RI Zelinka, Mark/C-4627-2011; Klein, Stephen/H-4337-2016 OI Zelinka, Mark/0000-0002-6570-5445; Klein, Stephen/0000-0002-5476-858X FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; NASA at the University of Washington [NNX09AH73G]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We acknowledge the international modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CFMIP multimodel dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank Karen Shell and one anonymous reviewer for their detailed critiques of this manuscript; Brian Soden for providing radiative kernels; Rick Hemler for providing additional GFDL MLM2.1 model output; Rob Wood, Chris Bretherton, and Robert Pincus for the useful discussion and their suggestions for improvement; and Marc Michelsen for computer support. This research was supported by the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program of the Office of Science at the U.S. Department of Energy and by NASA Grant NNX09AH73G at the University of Washington. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 63 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 25 IS 11 BP 3736 EP 3754 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00249.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 951RC UT WOS:000304736700005 ER PT J AU Zhong, SY Li, XP Bian, XD Heilman, WE Leung, LR Gustafson, WI AF Zhong, Shiyuan Li, Xiuping Bian, Xindi Heilman, Warren E. Leung, L. Ruby Gustafson, William I., Jr. TI Evaluation of regional climate simulations over the Great Lakes region driven by three global data sets SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Regional climate model; Climate modeling of the Great Lakes region; MM5 ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL PRECIPITATION; MODEL RESOLUTION; PART I; SYSTEM; SENSITIVITY; REANALYSIS; PREDICTION; CALIFORNIA; STORMS AB The performance of regional climate simulations is evaluated for the Great Lakes region. Three 10-year (1990-1999) current-climate simulations are performed using the MM5 regional climate model (RCM) with 36-km horizontal resolution. The simulations employed identical configuration and physical parameterizations, but different lateral boundary conditions and sea-surface temperatures derived from the NCEP Global Reanalysis and output from the CCSM3 and GISS general circulation models (GCMs). The simulation results are compared to the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR). The three RCM simulations appeared to be more accurate in winter and least accurate in summer, and more accurate aloft than near the surface. The reanalysis-constrained simulation adequately captured the spatial distribution and seasonal cycle of the observed surface-air temperature and precipitation, but it produced consistently across all seasons a cold bias that is generally larger over the lakes than over land and a wet bias due to an overestimation of non-convective precipitation. The simulated seasonal cycle of moisture-flux convergence over the region was in very good agreement with NARR. The two GCM-driven runs adequately simulated the spatial and seasonal variation of temperature, but overestimated cold-season precipitation and underestimated summer precipitation, reversing the observed annual precipitation cycle. The GISS-driven run failed to simulate the prevailing low-level flow and moisture convergence patterns. All three RCM simulations successfully captured the impact of the Great Lakes on the region's climate, especially on winter precipitation, a significant improvement over coarse-resolution GCM simulations over the region. (C) 2012 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhong, Shiyuan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhong, Shiyuan] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Global Climate Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Li, Xiuping] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Bian, Xindi; Heilman, Warren E.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Leung, L. Ruby; Gustafson, William I., Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Zhong, SY (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, 116 Geog Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM zhongs@msu.edu; lixiuping@bnu.edu.cn; xbian@fs.fed.us; wheilam@fs.fed.us; ruby.leung@pnl.gov; william.gustafson@pnl.gov RI Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008 OI Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393 FU Michigan State University AgBio Research; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station [07-JV-11242300-138]; PNNL Integrated Regional Earth System Modeling (iRESM) Initiative FX This research is supported by the Michigan State University AgBio Research and by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station under agreement 07-JV-11242300-138. The work is also partly supported by the PNNL Integrated Regional Earth System Modeling (iRESM) Initiative. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 38 IS 2 BP 212 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2012.03.012 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 953BK UT WOS:000304841700004 ER PT J AU Vo, NQ Averback, RS Ashkenazy, Y Bellon, P Wang, J AF Vo, Nhon Q. Averback, Robert S. Ashkenazy, Yinon Bellon, Pascal Wang, Jian TI Forced chemical mixing at Cu-Nb interfaces under severe plastic deformation SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUPERSATURATED SOLID-SOLUTIONS; IMMISCIBLE ELEMENTS; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; ALLOYS; FE; MULTILAYERS; SYSTEM; COPPER AB Forced chemical mixing during severe plastic deformation was investigated at Cu-Nb face-centered-cubic (fcc)/body-centered-cubic (bcc) interfaces using molecular-dynamics simulations. Three Cu-Nb interfaces were considered, with either Kurdjumov-Sachs or Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationship (OR) between fcc and bcc phases. Forced mixing of a spherical bcc-Nb precipitate in fcc-Cu was also studied for comparison. Deformation was imposed by shape-preserving cycles using two different modes, biaxial compression and biplanar shearing to investigate the effects of strain path. For biplanar shear, the chemical mixing rate is strongly dependent on structure of the interface, with the Kurdjumov-Sachs OR and a (111)(Cu)parallel to(110)(Nb) habit plane being particularly resistant to mixing. During compression, no such dependence was found. Influences of interface diffuseness and roughness on stability were also investigated. The simulations show the interface mixing is inversely related to interface shear strength during shear deformation, but dominated by dislocation-glide through the Cu phase and subsequent absorption at Cu-Nb interfaces during compression deformation. C1 [Vo, Nhon Q.; Averback, Robert S.; Ashkenazy, Yinon; Bellon, Pascal] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ashkenazy, Yinon] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Wang, Jian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Vo, NQ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM nhonvo2@illinois.edu RI Vo, Nhon/E-4599-2010; ashkenazy, yinon/D-1257-2012; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026, DEFG02-05ER46217] FX This research was supported as part of the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, under Award No. 2008LANL1026. Additional support (for N.Q. Vo) was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Grant DEFG02-05ER46217. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 38 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 12 BP 1621 EP 1630 DI 10.1557/jmr.2012.106 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 954AU UT WOS:000304916800009 ER PT J AU Was, GS Byun, TS Hu, SY Morgan, D Nagai, Y Kerr, M AF Was, Gary S. Byun, Thak Sang Hu, Shenyang Morgan, Dane Nagai, Yasuyoshi Kerr, Matthew TI Microstructural Processes in Irradiated Materials And Characterization With Neutron And Synchrotron Radiation Preface SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Was, Gary S.] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Byun, Thak Sang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hu, Shenyang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiol & Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Morgan, Dane] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nagai, Yasuyoshi] Tohoku Univ, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111313, Japan. [Kerr, Matthew] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Off Nucl Regulatory Res, Washington, DC 20555 USA. RP Was, GS (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM gsw@umich.edu; byunts@ornl.gov; shenyang.hu@pnnl.gov; ddmorgan@wisc.edu; nagai@imr.tohoku.ac.jp; matthew.kerr@nrc.gov RI Morgan, Dane/B-7972-2008 OI Morgan, Dane/0000-0002-4911-0046 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.03.025 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000001 ER PT J AU Beeler, B Good, B Rashkeev, S Deo, C Baskes, M Okuniewski, M AF Beeler, B. Good, B. Rashkeev, S. Deo, C. Baskes, M. Okuniewski, M. TI First-principles calculations of the stability and incorporation of helium, xenon and krypton in uranium SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD AB While metallic fuels have a long history of reactor use, their fundamental physical and thermodynamic properties are not well understood. Many metallic nuclear fuels are body-centered cubic alloys of uranium that swell under fission conditions, creating fission product gases such as helium, xenon and krypton. In this paper, helium, xenon, and krypton point defects are investigated in the alpha and gamma phases of metallic uranium using first principles calculations. A density functional theory (DFT) framework is utilized with projector augmented-wave (PAW) pseudopotentials. Formation and incorporation energies of He, Xe, and Kr are calculated at various defect positions for the prediction of fission gas behavior in uranium. In most cases, defect energies follow a size effect, with helium incorporation and formation energies being the smallest. The most likely position for the larger Xe and Kr atoms in uranium is the substitutional site. Helium atoms are likely to be found in a wide variety of defect positions due to the comparable formation energies of all defect configurations analyzed. This is the first detailed study of the stability and incorporation of fission gases in uranium. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Beeler, B.; Good, B.; Deo, C.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Rashkeev, S.; Okuniewski, M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Baskes, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Baskes, M.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Beeler, B (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, 770 State St, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM benbeeler@gatech.edu NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 2 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.08.014 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000002 ER PT J AU Barnard, L Tucker, JD Choudhury, S Allen, TR Morgan, D AF Barnard, L. Tucker, J. D. Choudhury, S. Allen, T. R. Morgan, D. TI Modeling radiation induced segregation in Ni-Cr model alloys from first principles SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; STAINLESS-STEELS; IRRADIATION; DIFFUSION; BIAS AB In this paper, a rate theory model is employed to study radiation induced segregation (RIS) in Ni-Cr model alloys. In contrast with similar previous models, model parameters have been obtained from first principles via density functional theory (OFT) calculation. Qualitative model behavior is compared and contrasted with the physical mechanisms that underlie conventional RIS models, and the effects of Cr-Cr interstitial trapping and defect sink bias are investigated. It is concluded that: (1) the parameters required in this RIS model are too sensitive to be rigorously determined by present OFT approaches alone, and fitting to experimental RIS data is necessary to produce an accurate model. (2) In contrast with the emphasis of previous RIS models, the best fit DFT-based RIS model suggests that under radiation, the interstitial flux should drive Cr strongly toward enrichment near defect sinks, while the vacancy flux should drive Cr strongly toward depletion, and that the vacancy effect should be slightly stronger resulting in moderate Cr depletion. (3) The effects on RIS of Cr-Cr interstitial trapping and biased defect sinks are relatively small compared with the effects associated with variations in the species dependent diffusivities. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Barnard, L.; Morgan, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tucker, J. D.] Knolls Atom Power Lab, Schenectady, NY 12301 USA. [Choudhury, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Allen, T. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nucl Engn & Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Morgan, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1500 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM lmbarnard@wisc.edu; tuckjd@kapl.gov; samrat@lanl.gov; allen@engr.wisc.edu; ddmorgan@wisc.edu RI Choudhury, Samrat/B-4115-2009; Tucker, Julie/E-9680-2014; Morgan, Dane/B-7972-2008; OI Morgan, Dane/0000-0002-4911-0046; Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 8 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.08.022 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000003 ER PT J AU Tschopp, MA Solanki, KN Baskes, MI Gao, F Sun, X Horstemeyer, MF AF Tschopp, M. A. Solanki, K. N. Baskes, M. I. Gao, F. Sun, X. Horstemeyer, M. F. TI Generalized framework for interatomic potential design: Application to Fe-He system SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM POTENTIALS; FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC STEEL DEVELOPMENT; FUSION POWER-SYSTEMS; ALPHA-FE; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; MARTENSITIC STEELS; DEFECT PROPERTIES; VACANCY CLUSTERS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; INPUT VARIABLES AB Radiation damage phenomena plays an important role in the lifetime of structural materials for future fusion power reactors. Developing predictive multiscale models for material behavior under irradiation conditions in a fusion reactor requires understanding the mechanisms associated with radiation damage phenomena, the He interaction with microstructures. and quantifying the associated uncertainties. Nanoscale simulations and interatomic potentials play an important role in exploring the physics of nanoscale structures. However, while interatomic potentials are designed for a specific purpose, they are often used for studying mechanisms outside of the intended purpose. Hence, a generalized framework for interatomic potential design is designed such that it can allow a researcher to tailor an interatomic potential towards specific properties. This methodology produces an interatomic potential design map, which contains multiple interatomic potentials and is capable of exploring different nanoscale phenomena observed in experiments. This methodology is efficient and provides the means to assess uncertainties in nanostructure properties due to the interatomic potential fitting process. As an initial example with relevance to fusion reactors, an Fe-He interatomic potential design map is developed using this framework to show its profound effect. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tschopp, M. A.; Solanki, K. N.; Horstemeyer, M. F.] Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Gao, F.; Sun, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Solanki, K. N.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Tschopp, MA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM mtschopp@cavs.msstate.edu RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012; Solanki, Kiran/E-8337-2010; Tschopp, Mark/B-1594-2008; OI Tschopp, Mark/0000-0001-8471-5035; Solanki, Kiran/0000-0002-4385-620X; Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063 NR 49 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 22 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.08.003 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000005 ER PT J AU Insepov, Z Rest, J Yacout, AM Kuksin, AY Norman, GE Stegailov, VV Starikov, SV Yanilkin, AV AF Insepov, Z. Rest, J. Yacout, A. M. Kuksin, A. Yu. Norman, G. E. Stegailov, V. V. Starikov, S. V. Yanilkin, A. V. TI Derivation of kinetic coefficients by atomistic methods for studying defect behavior in Mo SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METALS; MONTE-CARLO; MOLYBDENUM; GROWTH; DAMAGE; IRRADIATION; POTENTIALS; SIMULATION; EVOLUTION; MODEL AB A multiscale concept for irradiated materials simulation is formulated based on coupling molecular dynamics simulations (MD) where the potential was obtained from ab initio data of energies of the basic defect structures, with kinetic mesoscale models. The evolution of a system containing self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) and vacancies in crystalline molybdenum is investigated by means of MD. The kinetics of formation of di-SIA clusters and SIA-vacancy recombination is analyzed via approaches used in the kinetic theory of radiation ageing. The effects of 1D diffusion of SIAs, temperature, and defect concentrations on the reaction rates are also studied. This approach can validate both the kinetic mechanisms and the appropriate kinetic coefficients, offering the potential to significantly reduce the uncertainty of the kinetic methodology and providing a powerful predictive tool for simulating irradiation behavior of nuclear materials. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Insepov, Z.; Rest, J.; Yacout, A. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kuksin, A. Yu.; Norman, G. E.; Stegailov, V. V.; Starikov, S. V.; Yanilkin, A. V.] Joint Inst High Temp, Moscow, Russia. RP Insepov, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM insepov@anl.gov RI Norman, Genri/E-1418-2013; Starikov, Sergey/B-8162-2013; Stegailov, Vladimir/C-4756-2013; Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013; Kuksin, Alexey/F-3203-2014 OI Starikov, Sergey/0000-0002-9112-6033; Stegailov, Vladimir/0000-0002-5349-3991; Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293; NR 40 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.08.019 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000007 ER PT J AU Topbasi, C Motta, AT Kirk, MA AF Topbasi, Cem Motta, Arthur T. Kirk, Mark A. TI In situ study of heavy ion induced radiation damage in NF616 (P92) alloy SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STEELS; IRRADIATION AB NF616 is a nominal 9Cr ferritic-martensitic steel that is amongst the primary candidates for cladding and duct applications in the Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor, one of the Generation IV nuclear energy systems. In this study, an in situ investigation of the microstructure evolution in NF616 under heavy ion irradiation has been conducted. NF616 was irradiated to 8.4 dpa at 50 K and to 7.6 dpa at 473 K with 1 MeV Kr ions. Nano-sized defects first appeared as white dots in dark-field TEM images and their areal density increased until saturation (similar to 6 dpa). Dynamic observations at 50 K and 473 K showed appearance and disappearance of TEM-visible defect clusters under irradiation that continued above saturation dose. Quantitative analysis showed no significant change in the average size (similar to 3-4 nm) and distribution of defect clusters with increasing dose at 50 K and 473 K. These results indicate a cascade-driven process of microstructure evolution under irradiation in these alloys that involves both the formation of TEM-visible defect clusters by various degrees of cascade overlap and cascade induced defect cluster elimination. According to this mechanism, saturation of defect cluster density is reached when the rate of defect cluster formation by overlap is equal to the rate of cluster elimination during irradiation. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Topbasi, Cem; Motta, Arthur T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Motta, Arthur T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kirk, Mark A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Topbasi, C (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cemt@psu.edu NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.08.046 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000008 ER PT J AU Millett, PC Tonks, MR Biner, SB Zhang, LZ Chockalingam, K Zhang, YF AF Millett, Paul C. Tonks, Michael R. Biner, S. B. Zhang, Liangzhe Chockalingam, K. Zhang, Yongfeng TI Phase-field simulation of intergranular bubble growth and percolation in bicrystals SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATED URANIUM DIOXIDE; FISSION GAS BUBBLES; NUCLEAR-FUELS; UO2 FUEL; RELEASE; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; POROSITY; KINETICS; METALS AB Three-dimensional phase-field simulations of the growth and coalescence of intergranular bubbles in bicrystal grain geometries are presented. We investigate the dependency of bubble percolation on two factors:. the initial bubble density and the bubble shape, which is governed by the ratio of the grain boundary energy over the surface energy. The simulations show that variations of each of these factors can lead to large discrepancies in the bubble coalescence rate, and eventual percolation, which may partially explain this observed occurrence in experimental investigations. The results presented here do not account for concurrent gas production and bubble resolution due to irradiation, therefore this simulation study is most applicable to post-irradiation annealing. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Millett, Paul C.; Tonks, Michael R.; Biner, S. B.; Zhang, Liangzhe; Chockalingam, K.; Zhang, Yongfeng] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Millett, PC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Paul.Millett@inl.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.07.034 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000020 ER PT J AU Hosemann, P Kiener, D Wang, YQ Maloy, SA AF Hosemann, Peter Kiener, Daniel Wang, Yongqiang Maloy, Stuart A. TI Issues to consider using nano indentation on shallow ion beam irradiated materials SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HARDNESS; SIZE; PLASTICITY; ALLOYS; FILMS AB Ion beam irradiation is a widely used method to cause radiation damage in materials in order to study materials degradation under radiation in a laboratory setting. Nanoindentation has become an often used tool to measure the mechanical property changes due to ion beam irradiation. While the combination of ion beam irradiation and nanoindentation is a powerful tool, difficulties arise and need to be discussed in detail. This work intends to draw attention to the potential issues one might face if nanoindentation is used to evaluate radiation induced hardening, especially if compared to other mechanical tests such as yield strength from tensile tests on irradiated materials and others. In this work we focus on issues associated with size and dose effects associated with quasi static nanoindentation on shallow irradiated Cu [100] single crystal material: It is shown that on 1 mu m deep irradiated material it is not possible to correlate a single dose to a specific hardness value, rather a dose range has to be considered. However, deeper indents will always sample contributions of the unirradiated material. Moreover, the correlation between the indentation hardness and macroscopic properties is not straight forward. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hosemann, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kiener, Daniel] Univ Leoben, Dept Mat Phys, Leoben, Austria. [Wang, Yongqiang; Maloy, Stuart A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hosemann, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, 4169 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM peterh@berkeley.edu RI Kiener, Daniel/B-2202-2008; Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009; OI Kiener, Daniel/0000-0003-3715-3986; Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319; Hosemann, Peter/0000-0003-2281-2213 NR 24 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 136 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.11.070 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000021 ER PT J AU Yu, KY Liu, Y Sun, C Wang, H Shao, L Fu, EG Zhang, X AF Yu, K. Y. Liu, Y. Sun, C. Wang, H. Shao, L. Fu, E. G. Zhang, X. TI Radiation damage in helium ion irradiated nanocrystalline Fe SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL MULTILAYERS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; VACANCY CLUSTERS; ALPHA-FE; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; VOID FORMATION; BCC IRON; COPPER; HE; DEFECTS AB Fe films with an average columnar grain size varying from 49 to 96 nm are deposited by magnetron sputtering technique. Sputtered films have predominant body centered cubic structure together with a small fraction of face centered cubic phase. Bulk Fe with an average grain size of 700 nm is also irradiated at the same condition for comparison. Helium bubbles are observed in Fe films and bulk Fe irradiated by 100 keV helium ions to a fluence of 6 x 10(20) ions/m(2) at room temperature. Smaller grains lead to lower density of He bubbles. Radiation hardening in Fe films is much less than that of bulk Fe, and is a combined consequence of He bubble induced hardening and radiation induced compressive stress in Fe films. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, K. Y.; Liu, Y.; Sun, C.; Zhang, X.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wang, H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Shao, L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fu, E. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM zhangx@tamu.edu RI Sun, Cheng/G-8953-2013; Yu, Kaiyuan /B-8398-2014; Liu, Yue/H-4071-2014; Zhang, Xinghang/H-6764-2013; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014 OI Sun, Cheng/0000-0002-1368-243X; Yu, Kaiyuan /0000-0002-5442-2992; Liu, Yue/0000-0001-8518-5734; Zhang, Xinghang/0000-0002-8380-8667; Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209 NR 61 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.10.052 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000022 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Byun, TS Hoelzer, DT AF Kim, Jeoung Han Byun, Thak Sang Hoelzer, D. T. TI Stress relaxation behavior of nanocluster-strengthened ferritic alloy at high temperatures SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS; MARTENSITIC STEEL; DEFORMATION; METALS; ENERGY; 14YWT AB Stress relaxation behavior was investigated for the nanoclusters/dispersoids-strengthened steels including the nanostructured ferritic alloy 14YWT (SM10), oxide-dispersion strengthened (ODS) Eurofer97, and commercial ODS steel PM2000. The stress relaxation tests were carried out at high temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000 degrees C. Overall, the relaxation rates of 14YWT and ODS-Eurofer97 were lower than that of PM2000. To analyze the strain rate sensitivity of the alloys, the load drop-time curves were converted to the stress-strain rate curves. In the log-log plots of these curves, no significant change in slope was observed in the strain rate range of 2 x 10(-5)-1 x 10(-3)s(-1). At 600 degrees C, 14YWT and ODS-Eurofer97 have similar activation values of similar to 50b(3) while PM2000 has similar to 100b(3). Above 700 degrees C, the differences of the activation energy among alloys become more noticeable with increasing temperature. The activation energies of the three alloys were derived and compared. The rate-controlling mechanisms in the stress relaxation of the three nanoclusters/dispersoids-hardened alloys include dislocation glide and climb, and further study is necessary to clarify detailed contributing mechanisms. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Jeoung Han] Korea Inst Mat Sci, Special Alloys Grp, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chang Won, South Korea. [Byun, Thak Sang; Hoelzer, D. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Korea Inst Mat Sci, Special Alloys Grp, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chang Won, South Korea. EM kjh1754@kims.re.kr RI Hoelzer, David/L-1558-2016 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 147 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.06.040 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000023 ER PT J AU Keiser, DD Jue, JF Robinson, AB Medvedev, P Gan, J Miller, BD Wachs, DM Moore, GA Clark, CR Meyer, MK Finlay, MR AF Keiser, Dennis D., Jr. Jue, Jan-Fong Robinson, Adam B. Medvedev, Pavel Gan, Jian Miller, Brandon D. Wachs, Daniel M. Moore, Glenn A. Clark, Curtis R. Meyer, Mitchell K. Finlay, M. Ross TI Effects of irradiation on the microstructure of U-7Mo dispersion fuel with Al-2Si matrix SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ALLOY AB The Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactor (RERTR) program is developing low-enriched uranium U-Mo dispersion fuels for application in research and test reactors around the world. As part of this development, fuel plates have been irradiated in the Advanced Test Reactor and then characterized using optical metallography (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the as-irradiated microstructure. To demonstrate the irradiation performance of U-7Mo dispersion fuel plates with 2 wt.% Si added to the matrix, fuel plates were tested to moderate burnups at intermediate fission rates as part of the RERTR-6 experiment. Further testing was performed to higher fission rates as part of the RERTR-7A experiment, and very aggressive testing (high temperature, high fission density, and high fission rate) was performed in the RERTR-9A, RERTR-9B, and AFIP-1 experiments. As-irradiated microstructures were compared to those observed after fabrication to determine the effects of irradiation on the microstructure. Based on comparison of the microstructural characterization results for each irradiated sample, some general conclusions can be drawn about how the microstructure evolves during irradiation: there is growth during irradiation of the fuel/matrix interaction (FMI) layer created during fabrication; Si diffuses from the FMI layer to deeper depths in the U-7Mo particles as the irradiation conditions are made more aggressive; lowering of the Si content in the FMI layer results in an increase in the size of the fission gas bubbles: as the FMI layer grows during irradiation, more Si diffuses from the matrix to the FMI layer/matrix interface; and interlinking of fission gas bubbles in the fuel plate microstructure that may indicate breakaway swelling is not observed. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Keiser, Dennis D., Jr.; Jue, Jan-Fong; Robinson, Adam B.; Medvedev, Pavel; Gan, Jian; Miller, Brandon D.; Wachs, Daniel M.; Moore, Glenn A.; Clark, Curtis R.; Meyer, Mitchell K.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Finlay, M. Ross] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. RP Keiser, DD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Dennis.Keiser@inl.gov OI Meyer, Mitchell/0000-0002-1980-7862 NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 156 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.013 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000024 ER PT J AU Madison, JD Tikare, V Holm, EA AF Madison, Jonathan D. Tikare, Veena Holm, Elizabeth A. TI A hybrid simulation methodology for modeling dynamic recrystallization in UO2 LWR nuclear fuels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RIM-STRUCTURE FORMATION; HIGH BURN-UP; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; GRAIN-GROWTH; MESOSCALE SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; THERMAL-GRADIENT; RADIATION-DAMAGE; IRRADIATED UO2; POINT-DEFECTS AB High burn-up, rim structures within uranium dioxide (UO2) light water reactor fuels exhibit marked differences in microstructure that are attributed to dynamic recrystallization. The recrystallization process has three distinct, interacting components: damage accumulation, nucleation and growth of damage-free regions, and subsequent evolution of recrystallized grains. In this paper, microstructural-scale simulation techniques for all three processes are presented and assembled into a hybrid tool for modeling the entire dynamic recrystallization process. The components of the model include a phenomenological model for damage accumulation and nucleation, a Cellular Automaton (CA) model for the growth and impingement of recrystallized grains, and a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) Potts model for subsequent grain growth. Preliminary results of the hybrid model demonstrate the evolution of a steady state grain size. Parametric simulations show the dependence of the steady state grain size on physical variables and on system size. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Madison, Jonathan D.; Tikare, Veena; Holm, Elizabeth A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Madison, JD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS-1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jdmadis@sandia.gov; vtikare@sandia.gov; eaholm@sandia.gov RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016 OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769 NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.10.023 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000025 ER PT J AU Kim, YS Hofman, GL AF Kim, Yeon Soo Hofman, G. L. TI Irradiation behavior of the interaction product of U-Mo fuel particle dispersion in an Al matrix SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB Irradiation performance of U-Mo fuel particles dispersed in Al matrix is stable in terms of fuel swelling and is suitable for the conversion of research and test reactors from highly enriched uranium (HEU) to low enriched uranium (LEU). However, tests of the fuel at high temperatures and high burnups revealed obstacles caused by the interaction layers forming between the fuel particle and matrix. In some cases, fission gas filled pores grow and interconnect in the interdiffusion layer resulting in fuel plate failure. Postirradiation observations are made to examine the behavior of the interdiffusion layers. The interdiffusion layers show a fluid-like behavior characteristic of amorphous materials. In the amorphous interdiffusion layers, fission gas diffusivity is high and the material viscosity is low so that the fission gas pores readily form and grow. Based on the observations, a pore formation mechanism is proposed and potential remedies to suppress the pore growth are also introduced. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Yeon Soo; Hofman, G. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kim, YS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM yskim@anl.gov NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.07.032 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000026 ER PT J AU Bozzolo, G Hofman, GL Yacout, AM Mosca, HO AF Bozzolo, G. Hofman, G. L. Yacout, A. M. Mosca, H. O. TI Lanthanides migration and immobilization in U-Zr nuclear fuels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID HF AB Redistribution of lanthanides fission products during irradiation and migration to the surface of U-Zr based metallic fuels is a concern due to their interaction with the cladding. The existing remedy for preventing this effect is the introduction of diffusion barriers on the cladding inner surface or by adding thermodynamically stable compound-forming elements to the fuel. Exploring this second option, in this work atomistic modeling with the Bozzolo-Ferrante-Smith (BFS) method for alloys is used to study the formation of lanthanide-rich precipitates in U-Zr fuel and the segregation patterns of all constituents to the surface. Surface energies for all elements were computed and, together with the underlying concepts of the computational methodology and large scale simulations, the migration of lanthanides to the surface region in U-Zr fuels is explained. The role of additions to the fuel such as In, Ga, and Tl for immobilization of lanthanides is discussed. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bozzolo, G.; Hofman, G. L.; Yacout, A. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mosca, H. O.] CNEA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Bozzolo, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM guille_bozzolo@yahoo.com NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 188 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.05.013 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000027 ER PT J AU Tang, M Wynn, TA Patel, MK Won, J Monnet, I Pivin, JC Mara, NA Sickafus, KE AF Tang, M. Wynn, T. A. Patel, M. K. Won, J. Monnet, I. Pivin, J. C. Mara, N. A. Sickafus, K. E. TI Structure and mechanical properties of swift heavy ion irradiated tungsten-bearing delta-phase oxides Y6W1O12 and Yb6W1O12 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; NUCLEAR-WASTE; RADIATION; IMMOBILIZATION; TRANSFORMATION; PLUTONIUM; CERAMICS AB We report on the relationship between structure and mechanical properties of complex oxides whose structures are derivatives of fluorite, following irradiation with swift heavy ion (92 MeV Xe) which approximately simulates fission product irradiation, where the electronic energy loss dominates. The two compounds of interest in this paper are Y6W1O12 and Yb6W1O12. These compounds possess an ordered, fluorite derivative crystal structure known as the delta (delta) phase, a rhombohedral structure belonging to space group R (3) over bar. Structural changes induced by irradiation were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD investigations indicated an irradiation-induced amorphization in these compounds. This result is consistent with our previous study on Y6W1O12 under displacive radiation environment in which the nuclear energy loss is dominant. High resolution TEM also revealed that individual ion tracks was amorphized. The mechanical properties of both irradiated compounds, were determined by cross-sectional nano-indentation measurements as a function of ion penetration depth. The decreases in Young's modulus, E. and hardness, H (both by about 40% at the irradiated surface) suggest amorphization beyond simple defect accumulation occurs under this irradiation condition. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tang, M.; Patel, M. K.; Won, J.; Sickafus, K. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wynn, T. A.; Mara, N. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Monnet, I.] Univ Caen Normandie, CIMAP, CEA, CNRS,ENSICAEN, F-14070 Caen 5, France. [Pivin, J. C.] Univ Paris 11, Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, CNRS, IN2P3,UMR 8609, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Tang, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mail Stop G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mtang@lanl.gov RI Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014; OI won, Jonghan/0000-0002-7612-1322 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 193 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.11.029 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000028 ER PT J AU Santisteban, JR Vicente-Alvarez, MA Vizcaino, P Banchik, AD Vogel, SC Tremsin, AS Vallerga, JV McPhate, JB Lehmann, E Kockelmann, W AF Santisteban, J. R. Vicente-Alvarez, M. A. Vizcaino, P. Banchik, A. D. Vogel, S. C. Tremsin, A. S. Vallerga, J. V. McPhate, J. B. Lehmann, E. Kockelmann, W. TI Texture imaging of zirconium based components by total neutron cross-section experiments SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION; TRANSMISSION; TRANSFORMATION; ZIRCALOY-4; EFFICIENCY; RESOLUTION; DETECTORS; PHASE; PLATE; WELD AB The transmission of thermal neutrons through an object is affected by the microstructure and crystallographic texture of the composing material. As a result, the total neutron cross section of common metallic objects departs largely from that expected for polycrystalline materials without preferred orientation. In this work we present the wavelength dependence of the total cross section of different Zr-based components of nuclear reactors, such as pressure tubes, rolled plates and welds. The experimental values found for the total cross section are discussed in terms of the crystallographic texture that results from the component manufacturing. The discussion is based on energy-resolved radiographies taken at the ISIS Facility, UK, using a novel micro-channel plate detector: and theoretical calculations of the elastic coherent total cross section from the orientation distribution function (ODF) of the crystallites composing a sample. The connection existing between texture and neutron transmission is exploited to investigate the spatial variation of texture across Zr-based components. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Santisteban, J. R.; Vicente-Alvarez, M. A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Santisteban, J. R.; Vicente-Alvarez, M. A.] Ctr Atom Bariloche, Inst Balseiro, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Vizcaino, P.; Banchik, A. D.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Ctr Atom Ezeiza, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Vogel, S. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tremsin, A. S.; Vallerga, J. V.; McPhate, J. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lehmann, E.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Kockelmann, W.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Chilton OX11 0QX, England. RP Santisteban, JR (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM J.R.Santisteban@cab.cnea.gov.ar RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Lehmann, Eberhard/K-2316-2014; OI Lehmann, Eberhard/0000-0001-9145-9009; Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361 NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 218 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.06.043 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000032 ER PT J AU Clausen, B Brown, DW Bourke, MAM Saleh, TA Maloy, SA AF Clausen, B. Brown, D. W. Bourke, M. A. M. Saleh, T. A. Maloy, S. A. TI In situ neutron diffraction and Elastic-Plastic Self-Consistent polycrystal modeling of HT-9 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TEXTURE ANALYSIS; DEFORMATION; STRAIN; REFINEMENT; STRESSES; CRACKING AB Qualifying materials for use in reactors with fluences greater than 200 dpa (displacements per atom) requires development of advanced alloys and irradiations in fast reactors to test these alloys. Research into the mechanical behavior of these materials under reactor conditions is ongoing. In order to probe changes in deformation mechanisms due to radiation in these materials, samples of HT-9 were tested in tension in situ on the SMARTS instrument at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Experimental results, confirmed with modeling, show significant load sharing between the carbides and parent phase of the steel beyond yield, displaying the critical role of carbides during deformation, along with basic texture development. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Clausen, B.; Brown, D. W.; Bourke, M. A. M.; Saleh, T. A.; Maloy, S. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Clausen, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS H805, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM clausen@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015; Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009; OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319; Saleh, Tarik/0000-0003-2108-4293 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 228 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.05.011 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000033 ER PT J AU Ice, GE Specht, ED AF Ice, Gene E. Specht, Eliot D. TI Microbeam, timing and signal-resolved studies of nuclear materials with synchrotron X-ray sources SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY; GROWTH AB The development of ultra-brilliant synchrotron X-ray sources enables characterization methods that are particularly important for nuclear materials. Here we discuss emerging synchrotron methods with unprecedented signal-to-noise, spatial and time resolution. Microprobe methods are discussed that extend virtually any X-ray characterization measurement to ultra-small sample volumes. This ability is critical to resolve heterogeneities in nuclear materials and for studies on volumes with vastly lower activity than are needed for traditional X-ray characterization. Specific methods discussed include for the characterization of local crystal structure and micro-spectroscopy techniques that allow for characterization of elemental distributions with sensitivity for daughter products, oxidation states and diffusion through buffer layers. Opportunities are also discussed that exploit the high brilliance and pulsed nature of synchrotron radiation to reduce backgrounds from sample radiation and to study materials dynamics. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ice, Gene E.; Specht, Eliot D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ice, GE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM icege@ornl.gov RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 425 IS 1-3 BP 233 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.10.038 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 952LC UT WOS:000304793000034 ER PT J AU Sutorik, AC Gilde, G Cooper, C Wright, J Hilton, C AF Sutorik, Anthony C. Gilde, Gary Cooper, Christopher Wright, Jared Hilton, Corydon TI The Effect of Varied Amounts of LiF Sintering Aid on the Transparency of Alumina Rich Spinel Ceramic with the Composition MgO center dot 1.5 Al2O3 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AB Magnesium aluminate spinel with the alumina rich composition MgO center dot 1.5 Al2O3 has been prepared as a transparent polycrystalline ceramic with average in-line transmission at 550 nm of 83.3 +/- 0.9% and >80% throughout the visible spectrum. This finding significantly increases the compositional range over which polycrystalline magnesium aluminates can be prepared as fully dense ceramics with high transparency to visible light. Starting powders are prepared from combinations of high purity Mg(OH)(2) and gamma-Al2O3 thoroughly mixed in an aqueous slurry, and the solids are collected, dried, calcined, mixed with LiF sintering aid, and sieved. The powders are sintered into dense ceramics by hot pressing at 1600 degrees C under vacuum and 20 MPa uniaxial load, followed by hot isostatic pressing at 1850 degrees C under 200 MPa Ar. The crucial parameter for forming highly transparent MgO center dot 1.5 Al2O3 ceramic from this procedure is to hold the amount of LiF to 0.25 wt%. C1 [Sutorik, Anthony C.; Gilde, Gary; Cooper, Christopher] USA, Res Lab, Attn RDRL WMM E, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Wright, Jared] UICTS Bowhead Sci & Technol LLC, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. [Hilton, Corydon] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sutorik, AC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Attn RDRL WMM E, Bldg 4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM anthony.sutorik1@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 6 BP 1807 EP 1810 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05217.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 952BU UT WOS:000304765500006 ER PT J AU Brown-Shaklee, HJ Fahrenholtz, WG Hilmas, GE AF Brown-Shaklee, Harlan J. Fahrenholtz, William G. Hilmas, Greg E. TI Densification Behavior and Thermal Properties of Hafnium Diboride with the Addition of Boron Carbides SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ZIRCONIUM DIBORIDE; TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM DIBORIDE; ION-SCATTERING; CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE; HFB2; CONDUCTIVITY; CARBON AB Densification behavior and thermal properties of hot-pressed HfB2-BxC particulate composites were studied. Boron carbide powders were synthesized throughout the homogeneity range (B4.3C-B-C-10) and beyond the carbon-saturated (B3C) and boron-saturated (B12C) limits for use as sintering additives in HfB2. Changes in the densification behavior of HfB2 were observed with changes in the B/C ratio of the boron carbide sintering additive. The most effective sintering additives were either the carbon or boron saturated boron carbides which produced composites with the highest relative densities. The improved densification behavior was caused by a combination of removal of surface oxides due to chemical reactivity and changes in the B- or Hf-vacancy concentration in the HfB2 matrix phase. Thermal conductivities of the ceramics were only affected slightly by boron carbide stoichiometry. Thermal conductivities of HfB2 with 10 mol% additions of boron carbides ranged from 114 to 131 W center dot(m center dot K)(-1) at room temperature and from 87 to 93 W center dot(m center dot K)(-1) at 1000 degrees C. Measureable changes in composite thermal conductivity with composition were attributed to slight differences in hot-pressed densities that resulted from different boron carbide B/C stoichiometries. C1 [Brown-Shaklee, Harlan J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brown-Shaklee, Harlan J.; Fahrenholtz, William G.; Hilmas, Greg E.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO USA. RP Brown-Shaklee, HJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM hjbrown@sandia.gov OI Fahrenholtz, William/0000-0002-8497-0092 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0906584]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This research was completed at Missouri University of Science and Technology and was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant DMR-0906584.; Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 6 BP 2035 EP 2043 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05208.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 952BU UT WOS:000304765500042 ER PT J AU Zhou, TH Geller, MA Lin, WY AF Zhou, Tiehan Geller, Marvin A. Lin, Wuyin TI An Observational Study on the Latitudes Where Wave Forcing Drives Brewer-Dobson Upwelling SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURES; LOWER-STRATOSPHERIC TEMPERATURES; CLIMATE MODEL SIMULATIONS; DOUBLED CO2 CLIMATE; MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE; ANNUAL CYCLE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; DIABATIC CIRCULATION; DOWNWARD CONTROL AB The 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data are analyzed to demonstrate that wave forcing at lower latitudes plays a crucial role in driving the tropical upwelling portion of the Brewer-Dobson circulation. It is shown that subtropical wave forcing is correlated with tropical upwelling on both intraseasonal and interannual time scales when transient waves are taken into account, and that tropical wave forcing exerts its influence on tropical upwelling via its body force on the zonal mean flow. C1 [Zhou, Tiehan] Columbia Univ, NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Zhou, Tiehan] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Geller, Marvin A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Lin, Wuyin] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhou, TH (reprint author), Columbia Univ, NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM tz2131@columbia.edu FU NASA FX This work was supported by NASA's Modeling and Analysis and Atmospheric Composition, Modeling and Analysis programs. We also acknowledge helpful suggestions from two anonymous reviewers. NR 105 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 69 IS 6 BP 1916 EP 1935 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0197.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 951RA UT WOS:000304736500011 ER PT J AU Seiboth, B Karimi, RA Phatale, PA Linke, R Hartl, L Sauer, DG Smith, KM Baker, SE Freitag, M Kubicek, CP AF Seiboth, Bernhard Karimi, Razieh Aghcheh Phatale, Pallavi A. Linke, Rita Hartl, Lukas Sauer, Dominik G. Smith, Kristina M. Baker, Scott E. Freitag, Michael Kubicek, Christian P. TI The putative protein methyltransferase LAE1 controls cellulase gene expression in Trichoderma reesei SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY METABOLISM; HYPOCREA-JECORINA; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; ENZYME-SYSTEM; REGULATOR; TRANSFORMATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; METHYLATION; CLUSTERS AB Trichoderma reesei is an industrial producer of enzymes that degrade lignocellulosic polysaccharides to soluble monomers, which can be fermented to biofuels. Here we show that the expression of genes for lignocellulose degradation are controlled by the orthologous T. reesei protein methyltransferase LAE1. In a lae1 deletion mutant we observed a complete loss of expression of all seven cellulases, auxiliary factors for cellulose degradation, beta-glucosidases and xylanases were no longer expressed. Conversely, enhanced expression of lae1 resulted in significantly increased cellulase gene transcription. Lae1-modulated cellulase gene expression was dependent on the function of the general cellulase regulator XYR1, but also xyr1 expression was LAE1-dependent. LAE1 was also essential for conidiation of T. reesei. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) showed that lae1 expression was not obviously correlated with H3K4 di- or trimethylation (indicative of active transcription) or H3K9 trimethylation (typical for heterochromatin regions) in CAZyme coding regions, suggesting that LAE1 does not affect CAZyme gene expression by directly modulating H3K4 or H3K9 methylation. Our data demonstrate that the putative protein methyltransferase LAE1 is essential for cellulase gene expression in T. reesei through mechanisms that remain to be identified. C1 [Linke, Rita; Kubicek, Christian P.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Engn, ACIB, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Phatale, Pallavi A.; Smith, Kristina M.; Freitag, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Baker, Scott E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Proc Dev Grp, Fungal Biotechnol Team, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kubicek, CP (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Engn, ACIB, Gumpendorferstr 1A, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. EM ckubicek@mail.zserv.tuwien.ac.at FU Austrian Science Foundation [P 21266]; OSU Computational and Genome Biology Initiative; PNNL; NIH [P01GM068087] FX The authors acknowledge the expert help of Irina S. Druzhinina and Lea Atanasova in the phenotype array experiments. This study was supported by a grant of the Austrian Science Foundation to C. P. K. (P 21266), funds from the OSU Computational and Genome Biology Initiative and PNNL to M. F. K. M. S. was supported by funds from an NIH grant (P01GM068087). NR 46 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1150 EP 1164 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08083.x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 952YO UT WOS:000304832500013 PM 22554051 ER PT J AU Van Weverberg, K Vogelmann, AM Morrison, H Milbrandt, JA AF Van Weverberg, Kwinten Vogelmann, Andrew M. Morrison, Hugh Milbrandt, Jason A. TI Sensitivity of Idealized Squall-Line Simulations to the Level of Complexity Used in Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; CONVECTIVE STORMS; PART I; DEEP CONVECTION; ICE SCHEME; PARAMETERIZATION; PRECIPITATION; MODEL; MESOSCALE; IMPACT AB This paper investigates the level of complexity that is needed within bulk microphysics schemes to represent the essential features associated with deep convection. To do so, the sensitivity of surface precipitation is evaluated in two-dimensional idealized squall-line simulations with respect to the level of complexity in the bulk microphysics schemes of H. Morrison et al. and of J. A. Milbrandt and M. K. Yau. Factors examined include the number of predicted moments for each of the precipitating hydrometeors, the number and nature of ice categories, and the conversion term formulations. First, it is shown that simulations of surface precipitation and cold pools are not only a two-moment representation of rain, as suggested by previous research, but also by two-moment representations for all precipitating hydrometeors. Cold pools weakened when both rain and graupel number concentrations were predicted, because size sorting led to larger graupel particles that melted into larger raindrops and caused less evaporative cooling. Second, surface precipitation was found to be less sensitive to the nature of the rimed ice species (hail or graupel). Production of hail in experiments including both graupel and hail strongly depends on an unphysical threshold that converts small hail back to graupel, indicating the need for a more physical treatment of the graupel-to-hail conversion. Third, it was shown that the differences in precipitation extremes between the two-moment microphysics schemes are mainly related to the treatment of drop breakup. It was also shown that, although the H. Morrison et al. scheme is dominated by deposition growth and low precipitation efficiency, the J. A. Milbrandt and M. K. Yau scheme is dominated by riming processes and high precipitation efficiency. C1 [Van Weverberg, Kwinten; Vogelmann, Andrew M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm Sci Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Morrison, Hugh] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA. [Milbrandt, Jason A.] Environm Canada, Numer Weather Predict Res Sect, Dorval, PQ, Canada. RP Van Weverberg, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm Sci Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 490-D, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kvweverberg@bnl.gov RI Vogelmann, Andrew/M-8779-2014 OI Vogelmann, Andrew/0000-0003-1918-5423 FU National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy's, an Office of Science Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER project; U.S. DOE ARM [DE-FG02-08ER64574]; NOAA [NA08OAR4310543]; NSF Science and Technology Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP) [ATM-0425247] FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.; We thank Wuyin Lin and Yangang Liu for stimulating discussions. The research by K. Van Weverberg and A. M. Vogelmann was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science Office of Biological and Environmental Research program, under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886, and by the Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER project (http://www.bnl.gov/esm). Hugh Morrison was partially supported by U.S. DOE ARM DE-FG02-08ER64574, NOAA Grant NA08OAR4310543, and the NSF Science and Technology Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP) managed by Colorado State University under Cooperative Agreement ATM-0425247. We also thank Amy Solomon for providing the code on cloud activation in the MTT scheme. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1883 EP 1907 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00120.1 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953BC UT WOS:000304840900011 ER PT J AU Hadley, OL Kirchstetter, TW AF Hadley, Odelle L. Kirchstetter, Thomas W. TI Black-carbon reduction of snow albedo SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL ALBEDO; DIRTY SNOW; SOOT; REFLECTANCE; PARTICLES; SURFACE; MODEL; ABSORPTION; AEROSOLS; ICE AB Climate models indicate that the reduction of surface albedo caused by black-carbon contamination of snow contributes to global warming and near-worldwide melting of ice(1,2). In this study, we generated and characterized pure and black-carbon-laden snow in the laboratory and verified that black-carbon contamination appreciably reduces snow albedo at levels that have been found in natural settingsa(1,3,4). Increasing the size of snow grains in our experiments decreased snow albedo and amplified the radiative perturbation of black carbon, which justifies the aging-related positive feedbacks that are included in climate models. Moreover, our data provide an extensive verification of the Snow, Ice and Aerosol Radiation model(1), which will be included in the next assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(5). C1 [Hadley, Odelle L.; Kirchstetter, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hadley, OL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM olhadley@lbl.gov FU California Energy Commission; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory FX This research was financially supported by the Public Interest Energy Research programme of the California Energy Commission and the Atmospheric Systems Research programme of the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. O.L.H. received financial support from the E.O. Lawrence Fellowship at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. We thank M. Flanner for providing an executable version of the SNICAR model online and modifying it to accommodate our analysis, C. Preble for assistance in our laboratory and T. Novakov for more than a decade of encouragement. NR 29 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 3 U2 64 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 6 BP 437 EP 440 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1433 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 955WM UT WOS:000305051600024 ER PT J AU Peinado, H Aleckovic, M Lavotshkin, S Matei, I Costa-Silva, B Moreno-Bueno, G Hergueta-Redondo, M Williams, C Garcia-Santos, G Ghajar, CM Nitadori-Hoshino, A Hoffman, C Badal, K Garcia, BA Callahan, MK Yuan, JD Martins, VR Skog, J Kaplan, RN Brady, MS Wolchok, JD Chapman, PB Kang, YB Bromberg, J Lyden, D AF Peinado, Hector Aleckovic, Masa Lavotshkin, Simon Matei, Irina Costa-Silva, Bruno Moreno-Bueno, Gema Hergueta-Redondo, Marta Williams, Caitlin Garcia-Santos, Guillermo Ghajar, Cyrus M. Nitadori-Hoshino, Ayuko Hoffman, Caitlin Badal, Karen Garcia, Benjamin A. Callahan, Margaret K. Yuan, Jianda Martins, Vilma R. Skog, Johan Kaplan, Rosandra N. Brady, Mary S. Wolchok, Jedd D. Chapman, Paul B. Kang, Yibin Bromberg, Jacqueline Lyden, David TI Melanoma exosomes educate bone marrow progenitor cells toward a pro-metastatic phenotype through MET SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PREMETASTATIC NICHE; RELEASED EXOSOMES; SIGNALING PATHWAY; C-MET; CANCER; MICROVESICLES; GROWTH; RECRUITMENT; EXPRESSION; MECHANISM AB Tumor-derived exosomes are emerging mediators of tumorigenesis. We explored the function of melanoma-derived exosomes in the formation of primary tumors and metastases in mice and human subjects. Exosomes from highly metastatic melanomas increased the metastatic behavior of primary tumors by permanently 'educating' bone marrow progenitors through the receptor tyrosine kinase MET. Melanoma-derived exosomes also induced vascular leakiness at pre-metastatic sites and reprogrammed bone marrow progenitors toward a pro-vasculogenic phenotype that was positive for c-Kit, the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2 and Met. Reducing Met expression in exosomes diminished the pro-metastatic behavior of bone marrow cells. Notably, MET expression was elevated in circulating CD45(-)C-KIT(low/+)TIE2(+) bone marrow progenitors from individuals with metastatic melanoma. RAB1A, RAB5B, RAB7 and RAB27A, regulators of membrane trafficking and exosome formation, were highly expressed in melanoma cells. Rab27A RNA interference decreased exosome production, preventing bone marrow education and reducing, tumor growth and metastasis. In addition, we identified an exosome-specific melanoma signature with prognostic and therapeutic potential comprised of TYRP2, VLA- 4, HSP70, an HSP90 isoform and the MET oncoprotein. Our data show that exosome production, transfer and education of bone marrow cells supports tumor growth and metastasis, has prognostic value and offers promise for new therapeutic directions in the metastatic process. C1 [Callahan, Margaret K.; Wolchok, Jedd D.; Chapman, Paul B.; Bromberg, Jacqueline] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Peinado, Hector; Matei, Irina; Costa-Silva, Bruno; Williams, Caitlin; Garcia-Santos, Guillermo; Nitadori-Hoshino, Ayuko; Badal, Karen; Lyden, David] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Pediat, Childrens Canc & Blood Fdn Labs, New York, NY USA. [Peinado, Hector; Matei, Irina; Costa-Silva, Bruno; Williams, Caitlin; Garcia-Santos, Guillermo; Nitadori-Hoshino, Ayuko; Badal, Karen; Lyden, David] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Cell, Childrens Canc & Blood Fdn Labs, New York, NY USA. [Peinado, Hector; Matei, Irina; Costa-Silva, Bruno; Williams, Caitlin; Garcia-Santos, Guillermo; Nitadori-Hoshino, Ayuko; Badal, Karen; Lyden, David] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Dev Biol, Childrens Canc & Blood Fdn Labs, New York, NY USA. [Aleckovic, Masa; Garcia, Benjamin A.; Kang, Yibin] Princeton Univ, Dept Mol Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lavotshkin, Simon] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Surg, New York, NY USA. [Costa-Silva, Bruno; Martins, Vilma R.] AC Camargo Hosp, Int Ctr Res & Educ, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Moreno-Bueno, Gema; Hergueta-Redondo, Marta] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Invest Biomed Alberto Sols, IdiPAZ Inst Invest Sanitaria La Paz, CSIC,Dept Bioquim, Madrid, Spain. [Moreno-Bueno, Gema; Hergueta-Redondo, Marta] Fdn MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Madrid, Spain. [Ghajar, Cyrus M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hoffman, Caitlin] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Neurosurg, New York, NY USA. [Yuan, Jianda; Wolchok, Jedd D.] Sloan Kettering Inst, Ludwig Ctr Canc Immunotherapy, Dept Immunol, New York, NY USA. [Skog, Johan] Exosome Diagnost Inc, New York, NY USA. [Kaplan, Rosandra N.] NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brady, Mary S.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Kang, Yibin] Canc Inst New Jersey, Genom Instabil & Tumor Progress Program, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Kang, Yibin; Lyden, David] Champalimaud Metastasis Programme, Lisbon, Portugal. [Lyden, David] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Pediat, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Bromberg, J (reprint author), Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM bromberj@mskcc.org; dcl2001@med.cornell.edu RI Peinado, Hector/A-6417-2013; Oncogenomica, Inct/H-9999-2013; Neurociencia, Inct/I-1011-2013; Francisco, Suely/D-9065-2014; Martins, Vilma/E-2547-2012; Moreno-Bueno, Gema/K-9354-2016; OI Martins, Vilma/0000-0002-2909-8502; Moreno-Bueno, Gema/0000-0002-5030-6687; Aleckovic, Masa/0000-0001-5653-8502 FU Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation; Manning Foundation; Hartwell Foundation; Pediatric Oncology Experimental Therapeutics Investigators Consortium; Stavros S. Niarchos Foundation; Champalimaud Foundation; Nancy C. and Daniel P. Paduano Foundation; Mary Kay Foundation; American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association; Malcolm Hewitt Wiener Foundation; George Best Costacos Foundation; NCI [NCI-R01CA 098234-01]; National Foundation for Cancer Research; Susan G. Komen for the Cure; Fundacion para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigacion Cientifica Aplicada y la Tecnologia; Fundacion Universidad de Oviedo; Beth C. Tortolani Foundation; Sussman Family Fund; Charles and Marjorie Holloway Foundation; Manhassat Breast Cancer Fund; NIH [CA87637, R01-CA134519, R01-CA141062]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Science Foundation [CBET-0941143]; American Society; [NCI-U54-CA143836] FX We dedicate this work to the memory of James A. Paduano. We thank M. J. Bissell, A. Cano, J. Wels and S.R. Granitto for critical reading of this paper and suggestions. We also thank the members of our laboratories for helpful discussions and the members of the Weill Cornell Medical College electron microscopy and microarray core facilities for their support. We thank V. Hearing, (US National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI)) for providing the antibody to TYRP2 and D.C. Bennett (St. George's University of London) for providing the melan-a cell line. Our work is supported by grants from the Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation (H.P. and D.L.), The Manning Foundation (B.C.-S. and D.L.), The Hartwell Foundation (D.L.), Pediatric Oncology Experimental Therapeutics Investigators Consortium (H.P. and D.L.), Stavros S. Niarchos Foundation (D.L.), Champalimaud Foundation (H.P., Y.K. and D.L.), The Nancy C. and Daniel P. Paduano Foundation (H.P. and D.L.), The Mary Kay Foundation (A.N.-H. and D.L.), American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association 5th District (D.L.), The Malcolm Hewitt Wiener Foundation (D.L.), The George Best Costacos Foundation (D.L.), NCI (D.L., grant NCI-R01CA 098234-01), National Foundation for Cancer Research (D.L.), Susan G. Komen for the Cure (H.P. and D.L.), NCI-U54-CA143836 training grant (C.M.G. and D.L.), Fundacion para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigacion Cientifica Aplicada y la Tecnologia (G.G.-S.), Fundacion Universidad de Oviedo (G.G.-S.), The Beth C. Tortolani Foundation (H.P., D.L. and J.B.), Sussman Family Fund (J.B.), Charles and Marjorie Holloway Foundation (J.B.), Manhassat Breast Cancer Fund (J.B.), NIH-CA87637 (J.B.), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP, V.R.M. and B.C.-S.), NIH (Y.K., grants R01-CA134519 and R01-CA141062), National Science Foundation grant CBET-0941143 and an American Society for Mass Spectrometry research award (B.A.G.). NR 58 TC 807 Z9 836 U1 46 U2 213 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 883 EP + DI 10.1038/nm.2753 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 956VD UT WOS:000305116600025 PM 22635005 ER PT J AU Larsen, PE Field, D Gilbert, JA AF Larsen, Peter E. Field, Dawn Gilbert, Jack A. TI Predicting bacterial community assemblages using an artificial neural network approach SO NATURE METHODS LA English DT Article ID WESTERN ENGLISH-CHANNEL; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; MODELS; ABUNDANCE AB Understanding the interactions between the Earth's microbiome and the physical, chemical and biological environment is a fundamental goal of microbial ecology. We describe a bioclimatic modeling approach that leverages artificial neural networks to predict microbial community structure as a function of environmental parameters and microbial interactions. This method was better at predicting observed community structure than were any of several single-species models that do not incorporate biotic interactions. The model was used to interpolate and extrapolate community structure over time with an average Bray-Curtis similarity of 89.7. Additionally, community structure was extrapolated geographically to create the first microbial map derived from single-point observations. This method can be generalized to the many microbial ecosystems for which detailed taxonomic data are currently being generated, providing an observation-based modeling technique for predicting microbial taxonomic structure in ecological studies. C1 [Larsen, Peter E.; Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Field, Dawn] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford, Oxon, England. [Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Gilbert, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gilbertjack@gmail.com RI Sexton, Susan/E-9348-2012 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 34 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 4 U2 103 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1548-7091 J9 NAT METHODS JI Nat. Methods PD JUN PY 2012 VL 9 IS 6 BP 621 EP + DI 10.1038/NMETH.1975 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 952GD UT WOS:000304778500031 PM 22504588 ER PT J AU Lee, BY Zhang, JX Zueger, C Chung, WJ Yoo, SY Wang, E Meyer, J Ramesh, R Lee, SW AF Lee, Byung Yang Zhang, Jinxing Zueger, Chris Chung, Woo-Jae Yoo, So Young Wang, Eddie Meyer, Joel Ramesh, Ramamoorthy Lee, Seung-Wuk TI Virus-based piezoelectric energy generation SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; BONE AB Piezoelectric materials can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy(1,2), and piezoelectric devices made of a variety of inorganic materials(3-5) and organic polymers(6) have been demonstrated. However, synthesizing such materials often requires toxic starting compounds, harsh conditions and/or complex procedures(7). Previously, it was shown that hierarchically organized natural materials such as bones(8), collagen fibrils(9,10) and peptide nanotubes(11,12) can display piezoelectric properties. Here, we demonstrate that the piezoelectric and liquid-crystalline properties of M13 bacteriophage (phage) can be used to generate electrical energy. Using piezoresponse force microscopy, we characterize the structure-dependent piezoelectric properties of the phage at the molecular level. We then show that self-assembled thin films of phage can exhibit piezoelectric strengths of up to 7.8 pm V-1. We also demonstrate that it is possible to modulate the dipole strength of the phage, hence tuning the piezoelectric response, by genetically engineering the major coat proteins of the phage. Finally, we develop a phage-based piezoelectric generator that produces up to 6 nA of current and 400 mV of potential and use it to operate a liquid-crystal display. Because biotechnology techniques enable large-scale production of genetically modified phages, phage-based piezoelectric materials potentially offer a simple and environmentally friendly approach to piezoelectric energy generation. C1 [Lee, Byung Yang; Chung, Woo-Jae; Yoo, So Young; Wang, Eddie; Meyer, Joel; Lee, Seung-Wuk] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Jinxing; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zueger, Chris] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, Byung Yang; Zueger, Chris; Chung, Woo-Jae; Yoo, So Young; Wang, Eddie; Meyer, Joel; Lee, Seung-Wuk] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Jinxing; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM leesw@berkeley.edu OI Lee, Byung Yang/0000-0003-0125-2501; Wang, Eddie/0000-0002-9814-0102 FU National Science Foundation Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems [EEC-0832819]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory FX The authors thank Jiyoung Chang and Liwei Lin (University of California, Berkeley) for help with device fabrication and signal measurement. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems (EEC-0832819) and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development fund from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 33 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 10 U2 134 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2012.69 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 955HO UT WOS:000305008200006 PM 22581406 ER PT J AU Li, YG Zhou, W Wang, HL Xie, LM Liang, YY Wei, F Idrobo, JC Pennycook, SJ Dai, HJ AF Li, Yanguang Zhou, Wu Wang, Hailiang Xie, Liming Liang, Yongye Wei, Fei Idrobo, Juan-Carlos Pennycook, Stephen J. Dai, Hongjie TI An oxygen reduction electrocatalyst based on carbon nanotube-graphene complexes SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL MACROCYCLES; FE-BASED CATALYSTS; FUEL-CELLS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ALKALINE-SOLUTIONS; O-2 REDUCTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SUPPORTS AB Oxygen reduction reaction catalysts based on precious metals such as platinum or its alloys are routinely used in fuel cells because of their high activity. Carbon-supported materials containing metals such as iron or cobalt as well as nitrogen impurities have been proposed to increase scalability and reduce costs, but these alternatives usually suffer from low activity and/or gradual deactivation during use. Here, we show that few-walled carbon nanotubes, following outer wall exfoliation via oxidation and high-temperature reaction with ammonia, can act as an oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst in both acidic and alkaline solutions. Under a unique oxidation condition, the outer walls of the few-walled carbon nanotubes are partially unzipped, creating nanoscale sheets of graphene attached to the inner tubes. The graphene sheets contain extremely small amounts of irons originated from nanotube growth seeds, and nitrogen impurities, which facilitate the formation of catalytic sites and boost the activity of the catalyst, as revealed by atomic-scale microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. Whereas the graphene sheets formed from the unzipped part of the outer wall of the nanotubes are responsible for the catalytic activity, the inner walls remain intact and retain their electrical conductivity, which facilitates charge transport during electrocatalysis. C1 [Li, Yanguang; Wang, Hailiang; Xie, Liming; Liang, Yongye; Dai, Hongjie] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Zhou, Wu; Idrobo, Juan-Carlos; Pennycook, Stephen J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Zhou, Wu; Idrobo, Juan-Carlos; Pennycook, Stephen J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wei, Fei] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Dai, HJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM hdai@stanford.edu RI Xie, Liming/C-4639-2011; Wei, Fei/H-4674-2012; Wei, Fei/H-4809-2012; Zhou, Wu/D-8526-2011; Liang, Yongye/D-9275-2012; Li, Yanguang/A-2319-2014; Idrobo, Juan/H-4896-2015 OI Zhou, Wu/0000-0002-6803-1095; Li, Yanguang/0000-0003-0506-0451; Idrobo, Juan/0000-0001-7483-9034 FU Stanford Precourt Institute for Energy; Intel; NCEM at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory; US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF [DMR-0938330]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the US DOE FX This work was supported in part by a Stinehart Grant for Energy Research at Stanford from the Stanford Precourt Institute for Energy, Intel and NCEM at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, which was supported by the US DOE (DE-AC02-05CH11231). W.Z. was supported by the NSF (DMR-0938330). J-C.I. was supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. S.J.P. was supported by the Basic Energy Sciences programme of the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the US DOE. NR 41 TC 666 Z9 670 U1 108 U2 867 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 BP 394 EP 400 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2012.72 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 955HO UT WOS:000305008200014 PM 22635099 ER PT J AU Thompson, IJ Dardenne, YMXM Kenneally, JM Robertson, A Ahle, LE Hagmann, CA Henderson, RA Vogt, D Wu, CY Younes, W AF Thompson, I. J. Dardenne, Y. M. X. M. Kenneally, J. M. Robertson, A. Ahle, L. E. Hagmann, C. A. Henderson, R. A. Vogt, D. Wu, C. -Y. Younes, W. TI Evaluations of Fission Chain Yields for Pu-239 from Fission-Spectrum Neutrons SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID ENERGY 130-1700 KEV; MONOENERGETIC NEUTRONS; ABSOLUTE YIELDS; PRODUCT YIELDS; FAST-REACTOR; MASS; NUCLIDES; BURNUP; U-235 AB Because of the importance of accurate data for fission chain yields (FCYs) for many applications, we present a rigorous "clean sheet" evaluation of all available data to provide an accurate set of pertinent FCYs. Because some nuclear data (e.g., half-lives, branching ratios, etc.) have been refined since the original analyses, where possible we update the data and their associated uncertainties. This evaluation is particularly topical since there are differences in the nuclear data used by radiochemists at different laboratories internationally and since some experiments from the 1970s have been recently reexamined with details published for the first time. The focus of this work is the production of a small set of fission products (Zr-95, Mo-99, (144)ce, Nd-147) from plutonium irradiated by fission spectrum neutrons. Because Nd-147 is a common isotope used at several laboratories, its production rate is examined critically. We find that most of the interlaboratory discrepancies can be explained by a dependence of its yield on the energy of the neutron causing fission, so we consider in detail the statistical significance of this claim. The potential for neutron energy dependence of Nd-147 production from plutonium was first recognized in 1977 by Maeck and recently raised again as a possibility by Chadwick. The data for Zr-95, by contrast, demonstrate no statistically significant energy-dependence trends, but the data at the higher energies demonstrate significant scatter. With the relatively small number of data points, and recognizing that measurement methods and technologies have likely significantly improved in the nearly 30 years since the last measurement, additional measurements to refine the assessment and improve the uncertainties may be warranted. C1 [Thompson, I. J.; Dardenne, Y. M. X. M.; Kenneally, J. M.; Robertson, A.; Ahle, L. E.; Hagmann, C. A.; Henderson, R. A.; Vogt, D.; Wu, C. -Y.; Younes, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Thompson, IJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM I-Thompson@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 EI 1943-748X J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 171 IS 2 BP 85 EP 135 PG 51 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 956NP UT WOS:000305096700001 ER PT J AU Jelinek, B Groh, S Horstemeyer, MF Houze, J Kim, SG Wagner, GJ Moitra, A Baskes, MI AF Jelinek, B. Groh, S. Horstemeyer, M. F. Houze, J. Kim, S. G. Wagner, G. J. Moitra, A. Baskes, M. I. TI Modified embedded atom method potential for Al, Si, Mg, Cu, and Fe alloys SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; METHOD INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; TRANSITION-METAL ALUMINIDES; STACKING-FAULT ENERGIES; POINT-DEFECT PROPERTIES; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; VACANCY CONCENTRATIONS AB A set of modified embedded-atom method (MEAM) potentials for the interactions between Al, Si, Mg, Cu, and Fe was developed from a combination of each element's MEAM potential in order to study metal alloying. Previously published MEAM parameters of single elements have been improved for better agreement to the generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) curves when compared with ab initio generated GSFE curves. The MEAM parameters for element pairs were constructed based on the structural and elastic properties of element pairs in the NaCl reference structure garnered from ab initio calculations, with adjustment to reproduce the ab initio heat of formation of the most stable binary compounds. The new MEAM potentials were validated by comparing the formation energies of defects, equilibrium volumes, elastic moduli, and heat of formation for several binary compounds with ab initio simulations and experiments. Single elements in their ground-state crystal structure were subjected to heating to test the potentials at elevated temperatures. An Al potential was modified to avoid formation of an unphysical solid structure at high temperatures. The thermal expansion coefficient of a compound with the composition of AA 6061 alloy was evaluated and compared with experimental values. MEAM potential tests performed in this work, utilizing the universal atomistic simulation environment (ASE), are distributed to facilitate reproducibility of the results. C1 [Jelinek, B.; Groh, S.; Horstemeyer, M. F.] Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Houze, J.; Kim, S. G.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wagner, G. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Moitra, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Horstemeyer, M. F.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kim, S. G.] Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jelinek, B (reprint author), Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, 200 Res Blvd, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RI Jelinek, Bohumir/C-4376-2008; Wagner, Gregory/I-4377-2015; OI Jelinek, Bohumir/0000-0002-2622-4235; Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063 FU Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems at Mississippi State University; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors are grateful to the Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems at Mississippi State University for supporting this study. Computer time allocation has been provided by the High Performance Computing Collaboratory (HPC2) at Mississippi State University. Computational package LAMMPS146 with ASE147 interface was used to perform MD simulations. Much appreciated tests of the new MEAM potentials, including the high-temperature simulations of Al that revealed formation of unknown Al phase at 800 K, were performed by Chandler Becker and Tanner Hamann at the Metallurgy Division of the Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Comparison of ab initio elastic constants and related discussion with Hannes Schweiger from Materials Design are also appreciated. Classical MD potentials from other authors examined in this study were downloaded from the Interatomic Potentials Repository Project database.148 Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 152 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 19 U2 124 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 24 AR 245102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.245102 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 951AS UT WOS:000304693600004 ER PT J AU Zhou, XW Ward, DK Wong, BM Doty, FP Zimmerman, JA Nielson, GN Cruz-Campa, JL Gupta, VP Granata, JE Chavez, JJ Zubia, D AF Zhou, X. W. Ward, D. K. Wong, B. M. Doty, F. P. Zimmerman, J. A. Nielson, G. N. Cruz-Campa, J. L. Gupta, V. P. Granata, J. E. Chavez, J. J. Zubia, D. TI High-fidelity simulations of CdTe vapor deposition from a bond-order potential-based molecular dynamics method SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; CDZNTE RADIATION DETECTORS; MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEMS; SELF-DIFFUSION; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SURFACES; TECHNOLOGY; TELLURIDE; ENERGY; SEMICONDUCTOR AB CdTe has been a special semiconductor for constructing the lowest-cost solar cells, and the CdTe-based Cd1-xZnxTe alloy has been the leading semiconductor for radiation detection applications. The performance currently achieved for the materials, however, is still far below theoretical expectations. This is because the property-limiting nanoscale defects that are easily formed during the growth of CdTe crystals are difficult to explore in experiments. Here, we demonstrate the capability of a bond-order potential-based molecular dynamics method for predicting the crystalline growth of CdTe films during vapor deposition simulations. Such a method may begin to enable defects generated during vapor deposition of CdTe crystals to be accurately explored. C1 [Zhou, X. W.; Zimmerman, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ward, D. K.; Doty, F. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Radiat & Nucl Detect Mat & Anal Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wong, B. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Chem Mat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Nielson, G. N.; Cruz-Campa, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv MEMS Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gupta, V. P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Devices & Energy Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Granata, J. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Photovolta & Grid Integrat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chavez, J. J.; Zubia, D.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Elect Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Zhou, XW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM xzhou@sandia.gov RI Wong, Bryan/B-1663-2009 OI Wong, Bryan/0000-0002-3477-8043 FU NNSA/DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development; National Institute for Nano-Engineering (NINE); US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work is supported by the NNSA/DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development, Proliferation Detection Program, Advanced Materials Portfolio, and The National Institute for Nano-Engineering (NINE). Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 24 AR 245302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.245302 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 951AS UT WOS:000304693600008 ER PT J AU Gunsing, F Berthoumieux, E Aerts, G Abbondanno, U Alvarez, H Alvarez-Velarde, F Andriamonje, S Andrzejewski, J Assimakopoulos, P Audouin, L Badurek, G Baumann, P Becvar, F Calvino, F Cano-Ott, D Capote, R de Albornoz, AC Cennini, P Chepel, V Chiaveri, E Colonna, N Cortes, G Couture, A Cox, J Dahlfors, M David, S Dillman, I Dolfini, R Domingo-Pardo, C Dridi, W Duran, I Eleftheriadis, C Embid-Segura, M Ferrant, L Ferrari, A Ferreira-Marques, R Fitzpatrick, L Frais-Koelbl, H Fujii, K Furman, W Goncalves, I Gonzalez-Romero, E Goverdovski, A Gramegna, F Griesmayer, E Guerrero, C Haas, B Haight, R Heil, M Herrera-Martinez, A Igashira, M Isaev, S Jericha, E Kappeler, F Kadi, Y Karadimos, D Karamanis, D Kerveno, M Ketlerov, V Koehler, P Konovalov, V Kossionides, E Krticka, M Lampoudis, C Leeb, H Lindote, A Lopes, I Lozano, M Lukic, S Marganiec, J Marques, L Marrone, S Mastinu, P Mengoni, A Milazzo, PM Moreau, C Mosconi, M Neves, F Oberhummer, H O'Brien, S Oshima, M Pancin, J Papachristodoulou, C Papadopoulos, C Paradela, C Patronis, N Pavlik, A Pavlopoulos, P Perrot, L Pigni, MT Plag, R Plompen, A Plukis, A Poch, A Pretel, C Quesada, J Rauscher, T Reifarth, R Rosetti, M Rubbia, C Rudolf, G Rullhusen, P Salgado, J Sarchiapone, L Savvidis, I Stephan, C Tagliente, G Tain, JL Tassan-Got, L Tavora, L Terlizzi, R Vannini, G Vaz, P Ventura, A Villamarin, D Vincente, MC Vlachoudis, V Vlastou, R Voss, F Walter, S Wendler, H Wiescher, M Wisshak, K AF Gunsing, F. Berthoumieux, E. Aerts, G. Abbondanno, U. Alvarez, H. Alvarez-Velarde, F. Andriamonje, S. Andrzejewski, J. Assimakopoulos, P. Audouin, L. Badurek, G. Baumann, P. Becvar, F. Calvino, F. Cano-Ott, D. Capote, R. Carrillo de Albornoz, A. Cennini, P. Chepel, V. Chiaveri, E. Colonna, N. Cortes, G. Couture, A. Cox, J. Dahlfors, M. David, S. Dillman, I. Dolfini, R. Domingo-Pardo, C. Dridi, W. Duran, I. Eleftheriadis, C. Embid-Segura, M. Ferrant, L. Ferrari, A. Ferreira-Marques, R. Fitzpatrick, L. Frais-Koelbl, H. Fujii, K. Furman, W. Goncalves, I. Gonzalez-Romero, E. Goverdovski, A. Gramegna, F. Griesmayer, E. Guerrero, C. Haas, B. Haight, R. Heil, M. Herrera-Martinez, A. Igashira, M. Isaev, S. Jericha, E. Kaeppeler, F. Kadi, Y. Karadimos, D. Karamanis, D. Kerveno, M. Ketlerov, V. Koehler, P. Konovalov, V. Kossionides, E. Krticka, M. Lampoudis, C. Leeb, H. Lindote, A. Lopes, I. Lozano, M. Lukic, S. Marganiec, J. Marques, L. Marrone, S. Mastinu, P. Mengoni, A. Milazzo, P. M. Moreau, C. Mosconi, M. Neves, F. Oberhummer, H. O'Brien, S. Oshima, M. Pancin, J. Papachristodoulou, C. Papadopoulos, C. Paradela, C. Patronis, N. Pavlik, A. Pavlopoulos, P. Perrot, L. Pigni, M. T. Plag, R. Plompen, A. Plukis, A. Poch, A. Pretel, C. Quesada, J. Rauscher, T. Reifarth, R. Rosetti, M. Rubbia, C. Rudolf, G. Rullhusen, P. Salgado, J. Sarchiapone, L. Savvidis, I. Stephan, C. Tagliente, G. Tain, J. L. Tassan-Got, L. Tavora, L. Terlizzi, R. Vannini, G. Vaz, P. Ventura, A. Villamarin, D. Vincente, M. C. Vlachoudis, V. Vlastou, R. Voss, F. Walter, S. Wendler, H. Wiescher, M. Wisshak, K. CA n TOF Collaboration TI Measurement of resolved resonances of Th-232(n, gamma) at the n_TOF facility at CERN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE CROSS-SECTION; OF-FLIGHT FACILITY; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; ENERGY-RANGE; NEUTRON; REGION; SPECTROSCOPY; PARAMETERS; DETECTOR; SPECTRA AB The yield of the neutron capture reaction Th-232(n, gamma) has been measured at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN in the energy range from 1 eV to 1 MeV. The reduction of the acquired data to the capture yield for resolved resonances from 1 eV to 4 keV is described and compared to a recent evaluated data set. The resonance parameters were used to assign an orbital momentum to each resonance. A missing level estimator was used to extract the s-wave level spacing of D-0 = 17.2 +/- 0.9 eV. C1 [Gunsing, F.; Berthoumieux, E.; Aerts, G.; Andriamonje, S.; Dridi, W.; Pancin, J.; Perrot, L.; Plukis, A.] CEA Saclay, DSM, Irfu, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Abbondanno, U.; Fujii, K.; Milazzo, P. M.; Moreau, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Alvarez, H.; Duran, I.; Paradela, C.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Alvarez-Velarde, F.; Cano-Ott, D.; Embid-Segura, M.; Gonzalez-Romero, E.; Guerrero, C.; Villamarin, D.; Vincente, M. C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Technol, Madrid, Spain. [Andrzejewski, J.; Marganiec, J.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Assimakopoulos, P.; Karadimos, D.; Karamanis, D.; Papachristodoulou, C.; Patronis, N.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Audouin, L.; Ferrant, L.; Isaev, S.; Stephan, C.; Tassan-Got, L.] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, IN2P3, IPN, Orsay, France. [Badurek, G.; Jericha, E.; Leeb, H.; Oberhummer, H.; Pigni, M. T.] Vienna Univ Technol, Atominst Osterreich Univ, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Baumann, P.; David, S.; Kerveno, M.; Lukic, S.; Rudolf, G.] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, IN2P3, IReS, Strasbourg, France. [Becvar, F.; Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Calvino, F.; Cortes, G.; Poch, A.; Pretel, C.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. [Capote, R.] IAEA, NAPC, Nucl Data Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Capote, R.; Lozano, M.; Quesada, J.] Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. [Carrillo de Albornoz, A.; Marques, L.; Salgado, J.; Tavora, L.; Vaz, P.] ITN, Lisbon, Portugal. [Cennini, P.; Chiaveri, E.; Dahlfors, M.; Ferrari, A.; Fitzpatrick, L.; Herrera-Martinez, A.; Kadi, Y.; Ketlerov, V.; Konovalov, V.; Mengoni, A.; Sarchiapone, L.; Vlachoudis, V.; Wendler, H.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Chepel, V.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Goncalves, I.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, I.; Neves, F.] Univ Coimbra, LIP Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. [Chepel, V.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Goncalves, I.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, I.; Neves, F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Fis, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. [Colonna, N.; Marrone, S.; Tagliente, G.; Terlizzi, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Couture, A.; Cox, J.; O'Brien, S.; Wiescher, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Dillman, I.; Heil, M.; Kaeppeler, F.; Mosconi, M.; Plag, R.; Voss, F.; Walter, S.; Wisshak, K.] KIT, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Dolfini, R.; Rubbia, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J. L.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Eleftheriadis, C.; Lampoudis, C.; Savvidis, I.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Furman, W.; Konovalov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna, Russia. [Goverdovski, A.; Gramegna, F.; Ketlerov, V.] Inst Phys & Power Engn, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, Russia. [Mastinu, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Haas, B.] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, IN2P3, CENBG, Bordeaux, France. [Haight, R.; Reifarth, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Igashira, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Koehler, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kossionides, E.] NCSR, Athens, Greece. [Oshima, M.] Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. [Papadopoulos, C.; Vlastou, R.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Pavlik, A.] Univ Vienna, Inst Isotopenforsch & Kernphys, Vienna, Austria. [Pavlopoulos, P.] Pole Univ Leonard de Vinci, Paris, France. [Plompen, A.; Rullhusen, P.] CEC, JRC, IRMM, Geel, Belgium. [Rauscher, T.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. [Rosetti, M.; Ventura, A.] ENEA, Bologna, Italy. [Vannini, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Vannini, G.] Sez INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. RP Gunsing, F (reprint author), CEA Saclay, DSM, Irfu, SPhN, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM gunsing@cea.fr RI Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/L-7561-2014; Pretel Sanchez, Carme/L-8287-2014; Capote Noy, Roberto/M-1245-2014; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Alvarez Pol, Hector/F-1930-2011; Paradela, Carlos/J-1492-2012; Calvino, Francisco/K-5743-2014; Mengoni, Alberto/I-1497-2012; Jericha, Erwin/A-4094-2011; Chepel, Vitaly/H-4538-2012; Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009; Lindote, Alexandre/H-4437-2013; Neves, Francisco/H-4744-2013; Goncalves, Isabel/J-6954-2013; Vaz, Pedro/K-2464-2013; Lopes, Isabel/A-1806-2014; Tain, Jose L./K-2492-2014; Cano Ott, Daniel/K-4945-2014; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/K-5267-2014; Guerrero, Carlos/L-3251-2014; Lozano, Manuel/L-6892-2014 OI Goncalves, Isabel/0000-0002-1997-955X; Chepel, Vitaly/0000-0003-0675-4586; Lozano Leyva, Manuel Luis/0000-0003-2853-4103; Paradela Dobarro, Carlos/0000-0003-0175-8334; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/0000-0003-2376-8920; Capote Noy, Roberto/0000-0002-1799-3438; Alvarez Pol, Hector/0000-0001-9643-6252; Calvino, Francisco/0000-0002-7198-4639; Mengoni, Alberto/0000-0002-2537-0038; Pavlik, Andreas/0000-0001-7526-3372; Jericha, Erwin/0000-0002-8663-0526; Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642; Lindote, Alexandre/0000-0002-7965-807X; Neves, Francisco/0000-0003-3635-1083; Vaz, Pedro/0000-0002-7186-2359; Lopes, Isabel/0000-0003-0419-903X; Cano Ott, Daniel/0000-0002-9568-7508; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-2038-2814; Guerrero, Carlos/0000-0002-2111-546X; FU European Commission [FIKW-CT-2000-00107] FX This work has been supported by the European Commission's 5th Framework Programme under Contract No. FIKW-CT-2000-00107 (n_TOF-ND-ADS Project). The authors would like to thank R. Dagan from KIT for his help with MCNP in relation to Doppler broadening. NR 72 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 6 AR 064601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.064601 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 951AT UT WOS:000304693700002 ER PT J AU Lunardini, C Razzaque, S AF Lunardini, Cecilia Razzaque, Soebur TI High Energy Neutrinos from the Fermi Bubbles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS; RX J1713.7-3946; EMISSION; HAZE AB Recently the Fermi-LAT data have revealed two gamma-ray emitting bubble-shaped structures at the Galactic center. If the observed gamma rays have hadronic origin (collisions of accelerated protons), the bubbles must emit high energy neutrinos as well. This new, Galactic, neutrino flux should trace the gamma-ray emission in spectrum and spatial extent. Its highest energy part, above 20-50 TeV, is observable at a kilometer-scale detector in the northern hemisphere, such as the planned KM3NeT, while interesting constraints on it could be obtained by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The detection or exclusion of neutrinos from the Fermi bubbles will discriminate between hadronic and leptonic models, thus bringing unique information on the still mysterious origin of these objects and on the time scale of their formation. C1 [Lunardini, Cecilia] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Lunardini, Cecilia] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Razzaque, Soebur] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lunardini, C (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Cecilia.Lunardini@asu.edu; srazzaqu@gmu.edu FU NSF [PHY-0854827]; NASA [NNH10ZDA001N] FX We thank F. Aharonian, R. Crocker, N. Kurahashi, and M. Su for useful discussions. Supports from the NSF Grant No. PHY-0854827 (C. L.) and NASA Fermi Cycle 4 Guest Investigator Program NNH10ZDA001N (S. R.) are acknowledged. Work of S. R. was performed at and while under contract with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 22 AR 221102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.221102 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 951BP UT WOS:000304695900004 PM 23003584 ER PT J AU Scudder, JD Holdaway, RD Daughton, WS Karimabadi, H Roytershteyn, V Russell, CT Lopez, JY AF Scudder, J. D. Holdaway, R. D. Daughton, W. S. Karimabadi, H. Roytershteyn, V. Russell, C. T. Lopez, J. Y. TI First Resolved Observations of the Demagnetized Electron-Diffusion Region of an Astrophysical Magnetic-Reconnection Site SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATIONS; INSTRUMENT AB Spatially resolved, diagnostic signatures across the X-line and electron-diffusion region (EDR) by the Polar spacecraft are reported at Earth's magnetopause. The X-line traversal has a local electron's skin depth scale. First, resolved EDR profiles are presented with peak electron thermal Mach numbers >1: 5, anisotropy >7, calibrated electron agyrotropy >1, and misordered expansion parameters indicative of demagnetization and strong (150 eV) increases in electron temperature. The amplitude and phase of these profiles correlate well with a guide geometry kinetic simulation of collisionless magnetic reconnection. Such high resolution diagnosis has been made possible by data processing techniques that afford an 11-fold reduction in the aliasing time for the electron moments. C1 [Scudder, J. D.; Holdaway, R. D.; Lopez, J. Y.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52442 USA. [Daughton, W. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Karimabadi, H.; Roytershteyn, V.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Scudder, JD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52442 USA. RI Russell, Christopher/E-7745-2012; Scudder, Jack/D-8417-2013; Daughton, William/L-9661-2013; OI Russell, Christopher/0000-0003-1639-8298; Scudder, Jack/0000-0001-7975-5630; Roytershteyn, Vadim/0000-0003-1745-7587 FU NASA; [NNX07AF64G]; [NNX07AF54G]; [NNX12AI20G]; [ATM0802380] FX We acknowledge support from Grants No. NNX07AF64G, No. NNX07AF54G, No. NNX12AI20G, and No. ATM0802380. W. D. was supported by the NASA Heliospheric Theory Program. Calibrated 3-axis Polar EFI data and discussions with F. S. Mozer are gratefully acknowledged. NSF Kraken and NASA Pleiades supercomputers were used. NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 22 AR 225005 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.225005 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 951BP UT WOS:000304695900007 PM 23003609 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, Robert P. TI Critical Point Quantum guidebooks SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Crease, Robert P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. [Crease, Robert P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD JUN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 6 BP 19 EP 20 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SX UT WOS:000305042300020 ER PT J AU Shiltsev, V AF Shiltsev, Vladimir TI Venus transits SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Letter C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Shiltsev, V (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. EM shiltsev@fnal.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD JUN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 6 BP 21 EP 21 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955SX UT WOS:000305042300021 ER PT J AU Xie, XK Kirby, J Keasling, JD AF Xie, Xinkai Kirby, James Keasling, Jay D. TI Functional characterization of four sesquiterpene synthases from Ricinus communis (Castor bean) SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Castor bean; Ricinus communis; Euphorbiaceae; Genome mining; Secondary metabolism; Terpenoids; alpha-Farnesene; delta-Cadinene; alpha-Copaene ID TERPENE SYNTHASES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BACTERIAL EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS FLOWERS; ARTEMISIA-ANNUA; CDNA ISOLATION; CLONING; BIOSYNTHESIS; GENES; CYCLASES AB Genome sequence analysis of Ricinus communis has indicated the presence of at least 22 putative terpene synthase (TPS) genes, 13 of which appear to encode sesquiterpene synthases (SeTPSs); however, no SeTPS genes have been isolated from this plant to date. cDNAs were recovered for six SeTPS candidates, and these were subjected to characterization in vivo and in vitro. The RcSeTPS candidates were expressed in either Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with engineered sesquiterpene biosynthetic pathways, but only two (RcSeTPS1 and RcSeTPS7) produced detectable levels of product. In order to check whether the engineered microbial hosts were adequately engineered for sesquiterpene production, a selection of SeTPS genes was chosen from other plant species and demonstrated consistently high sesquiterpene titers. Activity could be demonstrated in vitro for two of the RcSeTPS candidates (RcSeTPS5 and RcSeTPS10) that were not observed to be functional in our microbial hosts. RcSeTPS1 produced two products, (-)-alpha-copaene and (+)-delta-cadinene, while RcSeTPS7 produced a single product, (E, E)-alpha-farnesene. Both RcSeTPS5 and RcSeTPS10 produced multiple sesquiterpenes. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Xie, Xinkai; Kirby, James; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St,4th Floor, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 FU NIH [RC1 GM090980-01] FX Funding for this work was provided by NIH RC1 GM090980-01. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JUN PY 2012 VL 78 BP 20 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.022 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 952KR UT WOS:000304791900002 PM 22459969 ER PT J AU Anders, A AF Anders, Andre TI The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-BEAM ENHANCEMENT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; CURRENT-DENSITY; METAL-IONS; MULTIPLE IONIZATION; TIME-DEPENDENCE; MARX-GENERATOR; ALLOY CATHODES; GAS-PRESSURE; RANDOM-WALK AB Cathodic vacuum arc plasmas are known to contain multiply charged ions. Twenty years after 'Pressure ionization: its role in metal vapour vacuum arc plasmas and ion sources' appeared in volume 1 of Plasma Sources Science and Technology, this is a great opportunity to re-visit the issue of pressure ionization, a non-ideal plasma effect, and put it in perspective to the many other factors that influence observable charge state distributions, such as the role of the cathode material, the path in the density-temperature phase diagram, the 'noise' in vacuum arc plasma as described by a fractal model approach, the effects of external magnetic fields and charge exchange collisions with neutrals. A much more complex image of the vacuum arc plasma emerges, putting decades of experimentation and modeling in perspective. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 53, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aanders@lbl.gov RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009 OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Many of the results collected here are based on ideas and contributions by close friends and colleagues. Running the risk of offending those not mentioned, I gratefully acknowledge the input over the years from just a few: B Juttner, E Hantzsche, P Siemroth, T Schulke, I Brown, E Oks and G Yushkov. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 141 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 26 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 EI 1361-6595 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3 AR 035014 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/21/3/035014 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952GZ UT WOS:000304781800037 ER PT J AU Denholm, P Mehos, M AF Denholm, Paul Mehos, Mark TI Boosting CSP Production with Thermal Energy Storage SO POWER LA English DT Article C1 [Denholm, Paul; Mehos, Mark] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Denholm, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. EM paul.denholm@nrel.gov; mark.mehos@nrel.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRADEFAIR GROUP PI HOUSTON PA 11000 RICHMOND, STE 500, HOUSTON, TX 77042 USA SN 0032-5929 J9 POWER JI Power PD JUN PY 2012 VL 156 IS 6 BP 46 EP 50 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 953TF UT WOS:000304895400015 ER PT J AU Manger, RP Hertel, NE Burgett, EA Ansari, A AF Manger, R. P. Hertel, N. E. Burgett, E. A. Ansari, A. TI Using handheld plastic scintillator detectors to triage individuals exposed to a radiological dispersal device SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB After a radiological dispersal device (RDD) event, people could become internally contaminated by inhaling dispersed radioactive particles. A rapid method to screen individuals who are internally contaminated is desirable. Such initial screening can help in prompt identification of those who are highly contaminated and in prioritising individuals for further and more definitive evaluation such as laboratory testing. The use of handheld plastic scintillators to rapidly screen those exposed to an RDD with gamma-emitting radionuclides was investigated in this study. The Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code was used to model two commercially available plastic scintillation detectors in conjunction with anthropomorphic phantom models to determine the detector response to inhaled radionuclides. Biokinetic models were used to simulate an inhaled radionuclide and its progression through the anthropomorphic phantoms up to 30 d after intake. The objective of the study was to see if internal contamination levels equivalent to 250 mSv committed effective dose equivalent could be detected using these instruments. Five radionuclides were examined: Co-60, Cs-137, Ir-192, I-131 and Am-241. The results demonstrate that all of the radionuclides except Am-241 could be detected when placing either one of the two plastic scintillator detector systems on the posterior right torso of the contaminated individuals. C1 [Manger, R. P.; Hertel, N. E.; Burgett, E. A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ansari, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Manger, RP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 545 Oak Ridge Turnpike, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM mangerrp@ornl.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and prevention; TKC Integration Services FX This work was supported in part by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention through contract with TKC Integration Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 150 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1093/rpd/ncr367 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 952ZR UT WOS:000304835900012 PM 22128361 ER PT J AU Coello, EA Favela, F Curiel, Q Chavez, E Huerta, A Varela, A Shapira, D AF Coello, E. A. Favela, F. Curiel, Q. Chavez, E. Huerta, A. Varela, A. Shapira, D. TI Position sensitive detection system for charged particles SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA English DT Article DE Scintillating charge particle detector; position sensitive; Anger logic ID RESOLUTION AB The position sensitive detection system presented in this work employs the Anger logic algorithm to determine the position of the light spark produced by the passage of charged particles on a 170 x 170 x 10 mm(3) scintillator material (PILOT-U). The detection system consists of a matrix of nine photomultipliers, covering a fraction of the back area of the scintillators. Tests made with a non-collimated alpha particle source together with a Monte Carlo simulation that reproduces the data, suggest an intrinsic position resolution of up to 6 mm is achieved. C1 [Coello, E. A.; Favela, F.; Curiel, Q.; Chavez, E.; Huerta, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Varela, A.] Inst Nacl Invest Nucl, Ocoyoacac 52750, Estado De Mexic, Mexico. [Shapira, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Coello, EA (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Av Univ 3000,Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. FU CONACYT [51600, 123655]; DGAPA-IN [118310] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the efforts in electronics made by Moises Cuautle and IFUNAM's mechanical workshop led by Marco Veytia, as well as a careful correction of the manuscript and discussion with our colleague from ININ, R. Policroniades. This work was possible thanks to financial support by CONACYT contracts 51600 and 123655 and DGAPA-IN contract 118310. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MEXICANA FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 58 IS 3 BP 198 EP 204 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 955UZ UT WOS:000305047700005 ER PT J AU Perumalla, KS Aaby, BG Yoginath, SB Seal, SK AF Perumalla, Kalyan S. Aaby, Brandon G. Yoginath, Srikanth B. Seal, Sudip K. TI Interactive, graphical processing unit-based evaluation of evacuation scenarios at the state scale SO SIMULATION-TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE general-purpose computation on graphics processing unit; interactive simulation; large-scale mobility models; vehicular simulations ID CELL TRANSMISSION MODEL AB In large-scale scenarios, transportation modeling and simulation is severely constrained by simulation time. For example, few real-time simulators scale to evacuation traffic scenarios at the level of an entire state, such as Louisiana (approximately 1 million links) or Florida (2.5 million links). New simulation approaches are needed to overcome severe computational demands of conventional (microscopic or mesoscopic) modeling techniques. Here, a new modeling and execution methodology is explored that holds the potential to provide a tradeoff among the level of behavioral detail, the scale of transportation network, and real-time execution capabilities. A novel, field-based modeling technique and its implementation on graphical processing units are presented. Although additional research with input from domain experts is needed for refining and validating the models, the techniques reported here afford interactive experience at very large scales of multi-million road segments. Illustrative experiments on a few state-scale networks are described based on an implementation of this approach in a software system called GARFIELD. Current modeling capabilities and implementation limitations are described, along with possible use cases and future research. C1 [Perumalla, Kalyan S.; Aaby, Brandon G.; Yoginath, Srikanth B.; Seal, Sudip K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Performance Discrete Comp Syst Team, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Perumalla, KS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Performance Discrete Comp Syst Team, POB 2008,MS 6085, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM perumallaks@ornl.gov OI Perumalla, Kalyan/0000-0002-7458-0832 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Department of Homeland Security under the Southeast Region Research Initiative (SERRI); DOE Office of Science FX This paper has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Accordingly, the United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.; This research was partly funded by the Department of Homeland Security under the Southeast Region Research Initiative (SERRI), and partly supported by the DOE Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Career Research Program. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0037-5497 J9 SIMUL-T SOC MOD SIM JI Simul.-Trans. Soc. Model. Simul. Int. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 88 IS 6 BP 746 EP 761 DI 10.1177/0037549711425236 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 951GP UT WOS:000304709200008 ER PT J AU Sims, B Henke, CR AF Sims, Benjamin Henke, Christopher R. TI Repairing credibility: Repositioning nuclear weapons knowledge after the Cold War SO SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE credibility; nuclear weapons; organizations; repair; sociotechnical systems ID NEW-ORLEANS; SCIENCE; ORDER; INFRASTRUCTURE; CONVERSATION; MAINTENANCE; RISK AB During the Cold War, the credibility of US nuclear weapons scientists was backed up by an integrated system for designing, testing, and manufacturing nuclear weapons. As the Cold War drew to a close in the 1990s, weapons scientists warned that their knowledge was so deeply embedded in the design and testing of nuclear weapons that it might not survive if this system were disrupted. Sociologists Donald MacKenzie and Graham Spinardi used this as evidence for the role of tacit knowledge in weapons design, suggesting that a halt to weapons design and testing could bring on a crisis of credibility, and possibly the 'uninvention' of nuclear weapons. In this paper, we examine how the weapons community has avoided such a crisis of credibility. Our analysis turns on the concept of sociotechnical repair - the processes communities and institutions engage in to sustain their existence, identity, and boundaries, particularly when faced with disruptive change. We examine two post-Cold War repair efforts that demonstrate how actors carefully balance discursive, institutional, and material change in the repair of complex sociotechnical systems. The Stockpile Stewardship Program positions weapons expertise as an abstract body of knowledge, and seeks to repair the credibility of weapons scientists by embedding their knowledge in a new sociotechnical context of computer simulation and experimental science. The Reliable Replacement Warhead concept emphasizes the close relationship between weapons knowledge and the design features of stockpile warheads, and seeks to repair credibility by introducing weapons designs optimized for long-term stockpile storage. These repair efforts show that weapons scientists' views of their own knowledge continued to evolve after the end of the Cold War. In particular, weapons scientists maintained credibility with key constituencies by treating tacit knowledge as a flexible resource that can be successfully integrated into new sociotechnical arrangements. C1 [Sims, Benjamin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Henke, Christopher R.] Colgate Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. RP Sims, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Mailstop F600, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bsims@lanl.gov NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 17 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0306-3127 EI 1460-3659 J9 SOC STUD SCI JI Soc. Stud. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 324 EP 347 DI 10.1177/0306312712437778 PG 24 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 953PR UT WOS:000304883400002 ER PT J AU Galvis, JA Crespo, M Guillamon, I Suderow, H Vieira, S Hernandez, MG Bud'ko, S Canfield, PC AF Galvis, J. A. Crespo, M. Guillamon, I. Suderow, H. Vieira, S. Garcia Hernandez, M. Bud'ko, S. Canfield, P. C. TI Magnetic and superconducting phase diagrams in ErNi2B2C SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Superconductors; Magnetic metals; Tunneling; Magnetic phase diagram ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; COEXISTENCE; STATE; ORDER AB We present measurements of the superconducting upper critical field H-c2(T) and the magnetic phase diagram of the superconductor ErNi2B2C made with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The magnetic field was applied in the basal plane of the tetragonal crystal structure. We have found large gapless regions in the superconducting phase diagram of ErNi2B2C, extending between different magnetic transitions. A close correlation between magnetic transitions and H-c2(T) is found, showing that superconductivity is strongly linked to magnetism. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Galvis, J. A.; Crespo, M.; Guillamon, I.; Suderow, H.; Vieira, S.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Lab Bajas Temp, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Inst Ciencia Mat Nicolas Cabrera,Fac Ciencias, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Guillamon, I.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Garcia Hernandez, M.] CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Bud'ko, S.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bud'ko, S.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Suderow, H (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Lab Bajas Temp, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Inst Ciencia Mat Nicolas Cabrera,Fac Ciencias, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM hermann.suderow@uam.es RI Garcia-Hernandez, Mar/J-9520-2014; Suderow, Hermann/L-6612-2013; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; vieira, sebastian/L-5216-2014; Guillamon, Isabel/C-9744-2014 OI Garcia-Hernandez, Mar/0000-0002-5987-0647; Suderow, Hermann/0000-0002-5902-1880; vieira, sebastian/0000-0002-3854-1377; Guillamon, Isabel/0000-0002-2606-3355 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; spanish MICINN [FIS2011-23488, ACI-2009-090]; Comunidad de Madrid FX The Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas is associated to the ICMM of the CSIC. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. Part of this work was performed at the Ames Laboratory. Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work was also supported by the spanish MICINN (Grant FIS2011-23488, ACI-2009-090 and Consolider Ingenio 2010 Nanociencia Molecular) and the Comunidad de Madrid through program Nanobiomagnet. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 152 IS 12 BP 1076 EP 1079 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2012.03.021 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 952MB UT WOS:000304795500022 ER PT J AU Mialitsin, A Schmult, S Solov'yov, IA Fluegel, B Mascarenhas, A AF Mialitsin, Aleksej Schmult, Stefan Solov'yov, Ilia A. Fluegel, Brian Mascarenhas, Angelo TI Eigenstate localization in an asymmetric coupled quantum well pair SO SUPERLATTICES AND MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Optical doping; Coupled quantum wells; Nextnano ID SEMICONDUCTORS AB Optical pumping of a type-I/type-II coupled asymmetric quantum well pair induces a spatially separated two dimensional charge carriers plasma in the well's wide and narrow parts. Treating the two coupled wells as a single system we find that the eigenstate probability distribution localizes exclusively either in the wide or the narrow parts of the well pair. The energy of the narrow-well localized state determines the minimal excitation energy for optically pumped charge carriers separation. In a previously used design [Guliamov et al., PRB 64 035314 (2001)] this narrow well transition energy was measured to correspond to a wavelength of 646 nm. We propose modifications to the design suggested earlier with the purpose of pushing up the energy required for the optical pumping of the two-dimensional plasma into the green and blue regions of the visible spectrum. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mialitsin, Aleksej; Fluegel, Brian; Mascarenhas, Angelo] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Schmult, Stefan] Max Planck Inst Feskorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Solov'yov, Ilia A.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Solov'yov, Ilia A.] AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. RP Mialitsin, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM aleksej.mialitsin@nrel.gov OI Mialitsin, Aleksej/0000-0002-7033-5119 FU Beckman Fellow FX A.M. thanks Dr. D. Beaton (NREL) for discussions. S.S. thanks Dr. W. Dietsche (Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart) for lending his expertise in the MBE growth of the samples. I.S. acknowledges financial support as a Beckman Fellow. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0749-6036 J9 SUPERLATTICE MICROST JI Superlattices Microstruct. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 51 IS 6 BP 834 EP 841 DI 10.1016/j.spmi.2012.03.019 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 951MO UT WOS:000304724900012 ER PT J AU Russell, LM Rasch, PJ Mace, GM Jackson, RB Shepherd, J Liss, P Leinen, M Schimel, D Vaughan, NE Janetos, AC Boyd, PW Norby, RJ Caldeira, K Merikanto, J Artaxo, P Melillo, J Morgan, MG AF Russell, Lynn M. Rasch, Philip J. Mace, Georgina M. Jackson, Robert B. Shepherd, John Liss, Peter Leinen, Margaret Schimel, David Vaughan, Naomi E. Janetos, Anthony C. Boyd, Philip W. Norby, Richard J. Caldeira, Ken Merikanto, Joonas Artaxo, Paulo Melillo, Jerry Morgan, M. Granger TI Ecosystem Impacts of Geoengineering: A Review for Developing a Science Plan SO AMBIO LA English DT Review DE Geoengineering; Ecosystems; Climate change; Carbon dioxide removal; Solar radiation management ID OCEAN IRON FERTILIZATION; LEVEL MARITIME CLOUDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; MOUNT-PINATUBO; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; ALBEDO ENHANCEMENT; TERRESTRIAL; SYSTEM; 21ST-CENTURY AB Geoengineering methods are intended to reduce climate change, which is already having demonstrable effects on ecosystem structure and functioning in some regions. Two types of geoengineering activities that have been proposed are: carbon dioxide (CO2) removal (CDR), which removes CO2 from the atmosphere, and solar radiation management (SRM, or sunlight reflection methods), which reflects a small percentage of sunlight back into space to offset warming from greenhouse gases (GHGs). Current research suggests that SRM or CDR might diminish the impacts of climate change on ecosystems by reducing changes in temperature and precipitation. However, sudden cessation of SRM would exacerbate the climate effects on ecosystems, and some CDR might interfere with oceanic and terrestrial ecosystem processes. The many risks and uncertainties associated with these new kinds of purposeful perturbations to the Earth system are not well understood and require cautious and comprehensive research. C1 [Russell, Lynn M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Rasch, Philip J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mace, Georgina M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Populat Biol, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Jackson, Robert B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Shepherd, John] Univ Southampton, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. [Vaughan, Naomi E.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Leinen, Margaret] Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Inc, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Schimel, David] NEON Inc, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Janetos, Anthony C.] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Boyd, Philip W.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, NIWA Ctr Chem & Phys Oceanog, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Norby, Richard J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Caldeira, Ken] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Merikanto, Joonas] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div Atmospher Sci, Helsinki 00014, Finland. [Artaxo, Paulo] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Melillo, Jerry] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Morgan, M. Granger] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Russell, LM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0221, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM lmrussell@ucsd.edu; Philip.Rasch@pnnl.gov; g.mace@imperial.ac.uk; jackson@duke.edu; j.g.shepherd@noc.soton.ac.uk; p.liss@uea.ac.uk; mleinen@hboi.fau.edu; dschimel@neoninc.org; n.vaughan@uea.ac.uk; anthony.janetos@pnnl.gov; Pboyd@chemistry.otago.ac.nz; rjn@ornl.gov; kcaldeira@carnegie.stanford.edu; joonas.merikanto@helsinki.fi; Artaxo@if.usp.br; jmelillo@mbl.edu; granger.morgan@andrew.cmu.edu RI Caldeira, Ken/E-7914-2011; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; LISS, Peter/A-8219-2013; Merikanto, Joonas/B-1039-2008; Boyd, Philip/J-7624-2014; Artaxo, Paulo/E-8874-2010; Mace, Georgina/I-3072-2016 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; Merikanto, Joonas/0000-0002-1145-2569; Boyd, Philip/0000-0001-7850-1911; Artaxo, Paulo/0000-0001-7754-3036; Mace, Georgina/0000-0001-8965-5211 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS1111205]; U.K. Natural Environment Research Council; International Geosphere-Biosphere Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the U.S. National Science Foundation grant AGS1111205 and the U.K. Natural Environment Research Council, as well as seed funding and outreach support from the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program. We also gratefully acknowledge workshop participation from Richard Norris, Richard Somerville, Susan Hassol, Kathy Barbeau, Luis Gylvan, Phil Ineson, Ninad Bondre, Ben Kravitz, Spencer Hill, Lili Xia, Robin Stevens, and Anita Johnson. NR 96 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 107 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-7447 EI 1654-7209 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 350 EP 369 DI 10.1007/s13280-012-0258-5 PG 20 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 949ZM UT WOS:000304617700004 PM 22430307 ER PT J AU Wei, C Cai, L Sonawane, B Wang, SF Dong, JY AF Wei, Chuang Cai, Lei Sonawane, Bhushan Wang, Shanfeng Dong, Jingyan TI High-precision flexible fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds using distinct polymers SO BIOFABRICATION LA English DT Article ID SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION; CONTROLLED-PORE STRUCTURES; FREE-FORM FABRICATION; PHOTO-CROSS-LINKING; POLY(PROPYLENE FUMARATE); POLYCAPROLACTONE SCAFFOLDS; MICRO-STEREOLITHOGRAPHY; BIODEGRADABLE SCAFFOLDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES AB Three-dimensional porous structures using biodegradable materials with excellent biocompatibility are critically important for tissue engineering applications. We present a multi-nozzle-based versatile deposition approach to flexibly construct porous tissue engineering scaffolds using distinct polymeric biomaterials such as thermoplastic and photo-crosslinkable polymers. We first describe the development of the deposition system and fabrication of scaffolds from two types of biodegradable polymers using this system. The thermoplastic sample is semi-crystalline poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) that can be processed at a temperature higher than its melting point and solidifies at room temperature. The photo-crosslinkable one is polypropylene fumarate (PPF) that has to be dissolved in a reactive solvent as a resin for being cured into solid structures. Besides the direct fabrication of thermoplastic PCL scaffolds, we specifically develop a layer molding approach for the fabrication of crosslinkable polymers, which traditionally can only be fabricated by stereolithography. In this approach, a thermoplastic supporting material (paraffin wax) is first deposited to make a mold for each specific layer, and then PPF is deposited on demand to fill the mold and cured by the UV light. The supporting material can be removed to produce a porous scaffold of crosslinked PPF. Both PCL and crosslinked PPF scaffolds fabricated using the developed system have been characterized in terms of compressive mechanical properties, morphology, pore size and porosity. Mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cell studies on the fabricated scaffolds have been performed to demonstrate their capability of supporting cell proliferation and ingrowth, aiming for bone tissue engineering applications. C1 [Wei, Chuang; Sonawane, Bhushan; Dong, Jingyan] N Carolina State Univ, Edward P Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cai, Lei; Wang, Shanfeng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Wang, Shanfeng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wei, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Edward P Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM swang16@utk.edu; jdong@ncsu.edu RI Dong, Jingyan /B-3665-2010; Cai, Lei/D-1589-2013; Wei, Chuang/F-2472-2017 OI Dong, Jingyan /0000-0003-2224-9168; FU North Carolina State University; University of Tennessee FX This work was majorly supported by the Start-up Research Funds from both North Carolina State University and the University of Tennessee. NR 53 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 25 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1758-5082 J9 BIOFABRICATION JI Biofabrication PD JUN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 AR 025009 DI 10.1088/1758-5082/4/2/025009 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 948TE UT WOS:000304524700010 PM 22635324 ER PT J AU Komatsu, DE Thanos, PK Mary, MN Janda, HA John, CM Robison, L Ananth, M Swanson, JM Volkow, ND Hadjiargyrou, M AF Komatsu, David E. Thanos, Panayotis K. Mary, Michelle N. Janda, Haden A. John, Christine M. Robison, Lisa Ananth, Mala Swanson, James M. Volkow, Nora D. Hadjiargyrou, Michael TI Chronic exposure to methylphenidate impairs appendicular bone quality in young rats SO BONE LA English DT Article DE Methylphenidate; Growth suppression; Biomechanics; DXA; Testosterone ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; FOLLOW-UP; STIMULANT MEDICATION; GROWTH-RATES; CHILDREN; ADHD; ASSOCIATIONS; BEHAVIOR; WEIGHT AB Methylphenidate (MP) is a psychostimulant widely prescribed to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although generally well tolerated, growth deficits have been reported in children and adolescents undergoing MP treatment. This study was designed to elucidate the skeletal effects of chronic MP administration in adolescent rats. Male, 4-week-old rats received one of two doses of MP (MP-Low or MP-High) delivered for 8 h a day via drinking water, or were untreated (water only). After 13 weeks, half were sacrificed (N = 12/group) and the remaining rats were left to recover, untreated for 5 additional weeks. Femora, tibiae, and L5 vertebra were analyzed using calipers, DXA, and mechanical testing. Immediately following treatment, MP decreased femoral anterior-posterior diameter (5% and 9% for MP-Low and MP-High, respectively), femoral and tibial bone mineral density (BMD) (6% and 5% for MP-High femora and tibiae, respectively), and bone mineral content (BMC) (9% for MP-High femora and tibiae). In addition, femora from MP treated rats had reduced ultimate force (20% for MP-High) and energy to failure (20% and 33% for MP-Low and MP-High, respectively). However, after recovery, there were no statistically significant differences for any measured parameters. Despite these effects on the appendicular skeleton, no differences were identified between vertebral samples at either time-point. In summary, MP treatment resulted in smaller, less mineralized, and weaker bones at appendicular sites, but did not affect the axial site. Although these effects were ameliorated within 5 weeks, these data suggest that adolescents undergoing MP treatment may be at an increased risk for long bone fractures. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Komatsu, David E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Orthopaed, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Robison, Lisa; Ananth, Mala] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mary, Michelle N.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Janda, Haden A.; John, Christine M.] InMot Orthopaed Res Ctr, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. [Swanson, James M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Child Dev Ctr, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. [Hadjiargyrou, Michael] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Komatsu, DE (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Orthopaed, HSC Level 18,Room 085, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM david.komatsu@sbumed.org; thanos@bnl.gov; michellenmary@yahoo.com; haden.janda@smith-nephew.com; csnearly@gmail.com; lrobison@bnl.gov; mananth@bnl.gov; jmswanso@uci.edu; nvolkow@nida.nih.gov; michael.hadjiargyrou@sunysb.edu FU NIDA, NIAAA (LNI); InMotion Orthopaedic Research Center in Memphis, TN FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support by: NIDA, NIAAA (Intramural Research Program, LNI), as well as the InMotion Orthopaedic Research Center in Memphis, TN. In addition, the authors thank R.J. Schroeder and G.J. Wang who provided assistance in the early phases of these studies. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD JUN PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1214 EP 1222 DI 10.1016/j.bone.2012.03.011 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 948LC UT WOS:000304503700002 PM 22465849 ER PT J AU Pontiggia, O Sampayo, R Raffo, D Motter, A Xu, R Bissell, MJ Joffe, EBD Simian, M AF Pontiggia, Osvaldo Sampayo, Rocio Raffo, Diego Motter, Andrea Xu, Ren Bissell, Mina J. de Kier Joffe, Elisa Bal Simian, Marina TI The tumor microenvironment modulates tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer: a role for soluble stromal factors and fibronectin through beta 1 integrin SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Tamoxifen resistance; Estrogen receptor; Tumor microenvironment; Fibronectin; Soluble stromal factors; beta 1 integrin ID MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; ENDOCRINE THERAPY; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; BETA(1) INTEGRIN; DRUG-RESISTANCE; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION; MECHANISMS AB Tamoxifen resistance has been largely attributed to genetic alterations in the epithelial tumor cells themselves, such as overexpression of HER-2/Neu. However, in the clinic, only about 15-20% of cases of HER-2/Neu amplification has actually been correlated to the acquisition of endocrine resistance, suggesting that other mechanisms must be involved as well. Using the epithelial LM05-E and the fibroblastic LM05-F cell lines, derived from the estrogen dependent spontaneous M05 mouse mammary tumor, as well as MCF-7 cells, we analyzed whether soluble stromal factors or extracellular matrix components protected against tamoxifen induced cell death. Involvement of signaling pathways was determined by using specific inhibitors and western blot, and phosphorylation of the estrogen receptor alpha by western blot and immunofluorescence. Soluble factors produced by the fibroblastic cells protect the epithelial tumor cells from tamoxifen-induced cell death through a mechanism that involves EGFR and matrix metalloproteinases upstream of PI3K/AKT. Exogenous fibronectin by itself confers endocrine resistance through interaction with beta 1 integrin and activation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK 1/2 pathways. The conferred resistance is reversed by blocking beta 1 integrin. We show also that treatment with both conditioned medium and fibronectin leads to the phosphorylation of the estrogen receptor at serine-118, suggesting stromal factors as modulators of ER activity. Our results show that the tumor microenvironment can modulate tamoxifen resistance, providing an alternative explanation for why patients become refractory to hormone-therapy. C1 [Pontiggia, Osvaldo; Sampayo, Rocio; Raffo, Diego; Motter, Andrea; de Kier Joffe, Elisa Bal; Simian, Marina] Inst Oncol Angel H Roffo, Area Invest, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Xu, Ren; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Simian, M (reprint author), Inst Oncol Angel H Roffo, Area Invest, Av San Martin 5481,C1417DTB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM marina.simian@galuzzi.com FU Susan G. Komen for the Cure Foundation [BCTR0600341]; ANPCyT [PICT2008-0325/Prestamo BID, PICT 00417/Prestamo BID]; UBACyT [M003]; U.S. Department of Energy, OBER Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH1123]; Office of Health and Environmental Research, Health Effects Division [03-76SF00098]; National Cancer Institute [5 R01CA064786, R01CA057621, U54CA126552, U54CA112970]; U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH0810736] FX MS work is supported by a Grant from the Susan G. Komen for the Cure Foundation (BCTR0600341) and ANPCyT (PICT2008-0325/Prestamo BID); EBKJ by ANPCyT (PICT 00417/Prestamo BID) and UBACyT (M003). MJB's laboratory is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy, OBER Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DE-AC02-05CH1123), a Distinguished Fellow Award and Low Dose Radiation Program and the Office of Health and Environmental Research, Health Effects Division, (03-76SF00098); by National Cancer Institute awards 5 R01CA064786, R01CA057621, U54CA126552 and U54CA112970; by U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH0810736). NR 39 TC 52 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 133 IS 2 BP 459 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s10549-011-1766-x PG 13 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 949XJ UT WOS:000304610600007 PM 21935603 ER PT J AU Schick, M Hallstedt, B Glensk, A Grabowski, B Hickel, T Hampl, M Grobner, J Neugebauer, J Schmid-Fetzer, R AF Schick, Michael Hallstedt, Bengt Glensk, Albert Grabowski, Blazej Hickel, Tilmann Hampl, Milan Groebner, Joachim Neugebauer, Joerg Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer TI Combined ab initio, experimental, and CALPHAD approach for an improved thermodynamic evaluation of the Mg-Si system SO CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mg-Si; CALPHAD; ab initio; Calorimetry; Phase diagram ID MAGNESIUM-SILICON; DEGREES K; ALLOYS; PHASE; MG2SI; DYNAMICS; ENERGY; HEATS; GE AB A new thermodynamic evaluation of the well-known Mg-Si system is presented with the aim to resolve persistent uncertainties in the Gibbs energy of its only compound, Mg2Si. For this purpose the heat capacity and enthalpy of melting of Mg2Si were measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Using finite temperature density functional theory and the quasiharmonic approximation, thermodynamic properties of Mg2Si were additionally calculated up to and above its melting temperature. Using these new data, in particular the heat capacity, the Mg-Si system was evaluated thermodynamically with the CALPHAD method leading to a thermodynamic description of the system within narrow bounds. In contrast to several previous evaluations there is no problem with an inverted miscibility gap in the liquid. Although present enthalpy of melting data turned out to be inconsistent with other data in this system, the new evaluation accurately describes all other available data in this system. In particular the Gibbs energy of Mg2Si can now be considered reliably described. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schick, Michael; Hallstedt, Bengt] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. [Glensk, Albert; Grabowski, Blazej; Hickel, Tilmann; Neugebauer, Joerg] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Grabowski, Blazej] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hampl, Milan; Groebner, Joachim; Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Met, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany. RP Hallstedt, B (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM hallstedt@mch.rwth-aachen.de RI Hickel, Tilmann/J-8306-2012; Grabowski, Blazej/D-8430-2012; Hallstedt, Bengt/J-1639-2014; Glensk, Albert/A-1926-2016; Neugebauer, Joerg/K-2041-2015 OI Grabowski, Blazej/0000-0003-4281-5665; Hallstedt, Bengt/0000-0001-5959-7030; Glensk, Albert/0000-0001-9265-9694; Neugebauer, Joerg/0000-0002-7903-2472 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [PAK 461]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The funding of this work by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the joint project PAK 461 is gratefully acknowledged. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0364-5916 EI 1873-2984 J9 CALPHAD JI Calphad-Comput. Coupling Ph. Diagrams Thermochem. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 37 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2012.02.001 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 948LP UT WOS:000304505000011 ER PT J AU Tomasi, D Volkow, ND AF Tomasi, Dardo Volkow, Nora D. TI Laterality Patterns of Brain Functional Connectivity: Gender Effects SO CEREBRAL CORTEX LA English DT Article DE connectivity; functional connectomes; laterality ID ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY; HEMISPHERIC-ASYMMETRY; SEX-DIFFERENCES; DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIA; PLANUM-TEMPORALE; AUDITORY-CORTEX; SCHIZOPHRENIA; LANGUAGE; NETWORKS AB Lateralization of brain connectivity may be essential for normal brain function and may be sexually dimorphic. Here, we study the laterality patterns of short-range (implicated in functional specialization) and long-range (implicated in functional integration) connectivity and the gender effects on these laterality patterns. Parallel computing was used to quantify short- and long-range functional connectivity densities in 913 healthy subjects. Short-range connectivity was rightward lateralized and most asymmetrical in areas around the lateral sulcus, whereas long-range connectivity was rightward lateralized in lateral sulcus and leftward lateralizated in inferior prefrontal cortex and angular gyrus. The posterior inferior occipital cortex was leftward lateralized (short- and long-range connectivity). Males had greater rightward lateralization of brain connectivity in superior temporal (short- and long-range), inferior frontal, and inferior occipital cortices (short-range), whereas females had greater leftward lateralization of long-range connectivity in the inferior frontal cortex. The greater lateralization of the male's brain (rightward and predominantly short-range) may underlie their greater vulnerability to disorders with disrupted brain asymmetries (schizophrenia, autism). C1 [Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, LNI, Dept Med,Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, LNI, Dept Med,Brookhaven Natl Lab, Bldg 490,30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tomasi@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 FU National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [2RO1AA09481] FX National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2RO1AA09481). NR 58 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 34 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1047-3211 J9 CEREB CORTEX JI Cereb. Cortex PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1455 EP 1462 DI 10.1093/cercor/bhr230 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 948YJ UT WOS:000304539700021 PM 21878483 ER PT J AU Lin, HS Ma, XS Feng, WC AF Lin, Heshan Ma, Xiaosong Feng, Wu-chun TI Reliable MapReduce computing on opportunistic resources SO CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE MapReduce; Cloud computing; Volunteer computing AB MapReduce offers an ease-of-use programming paradigm for processing large data sets, making it an attractive model for opportunistic compute resources. However, unlike dedicated resources, where MapReduce has mostly been deployed, opportunistic resources have significantly higher rates of node volatility. As a consequence, the data and task replication scheme adopted by existing MapReduce implementations is woefully inadequate on such volatile resources. In this paper, we propose MOON, short for MapReduce On Opportunistic eNvironments, which is designed to offer reliable MapReduce service for opportunistic computing. MOON adopts a hybrid resource architecture by supplementing opportunistic compute resources with a small set of dedicated resources, and it extends Hadoop, an open-source implementation of MapReduce, with adaptive task and data scheduling algorithms to take advantage of the hybrid resource architecture. Our results on an emulated opportunistic computing system running atop a 60-node cluster demonstrate that MOON can deliver significant performance improvements to Hadoop on volatile compute resources and even finish jobs that are not able to complete in Hadoop. C1 [Lin, Heshan; Feng, Wu-chun] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Ma, Xiaosong] N Carolina State Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ma, Xiaosong] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Lin, HS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM hlin2@cs.vt.edu; ma@cs.ncsu.edu; feng@cs.vt.edu FU NSF [CNS-0546301, CNS-0915861, CSR-0916719] FX This research is supported in part by NSF grants CNS-0546301, CNS-0915861, and CSR-0916719 as well as Xiaosong Ma's joint appointment between North Carolina State University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We thank Advanced Research Computing at Virginia Tech (ARC@VT) for the use of the System X cluster in support of this research. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1386-7857 J9 CLUSTER COMPUT JI Cluster Comput. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 2 SI SI BP 145 EP 161 DI 10.1007/s10586-011-0158-7 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 950BV UT WOS:000304625000004 ER PT J AU Docan, C Parashar, M Klasky, S AF Docan, Ciprian Parashar, Manish Klasky, Scott TI DataSpaces: an interaction and coordination framework for coupled simulation workflows SO CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Workflows; Data distribution; Virtual shared space ID PARALLEL; TOKAMAKS; TOOLKIT; MODELS; I/O AB Emerging high-performance distributed computing environments are enabling new end-to-end formulations in science and engineering that involve multiple interacting processes and data-intensive application workflows. For example, current fusion simulation efforts are exploring coupled models and codes that simultaneously simulate separate application processes, such as the core and the edge turbulence. These components run on different high performance computing resources, need to interact at runtime with each other and with services for data monitoring, data analysis and visualization, and data archiving. As a result, they require efficient and scalable support for dynamic and flexible couplings and interactions, which remains a challenge. This paper presents DataSpaces a flexible interaction and coordination substrate that addresses this challenge. DataSpaces essentially implements a semantically specialized virtual shared space abstraction that can be associatively accessed by all components and services in the application workflow. It enables live data to be extracted from running simulation components, indexes this data online, and then allows it to be monitored, queried and accessed by other components and services via the space using semantically meaningful operators. The underlying data transport is asynchronous, low-overhead and largely memory-to-memory. The design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of DataSpaces using a coupled fusion simulation workflow is presented. C1 [Docan, Ciprian; Parashar, Manish] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Auton Comp, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Klasky, Scott] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Docan, C (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Auton Comp, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. EM docan@cac.rutgers.edu; parashar@cac.rutgers.edu; klasky@ornl.gov FU National Science Foundation [IIP 0758566, CCF-0833039, DMS-0835436, CNS 0426354, IIS 0430826, CNS 0723594]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-06ER54857]; IBM FX The research presented in this paper is supported in part by National Science Foundation via grants numbers IIP 0758566, CCF-0833039, DMS-0835436, CNS 0426354, IIS 0430826, and CNS 0723594, by Department of Energy via the grant number DE-FG02-06ER54857, and by an IBM Faculty Award, and was conducted as part of the Center for Autonomic Computing at Rutgers University. This material was conducted while author M. Parashar was working at the National Science Foundation. Any opinion, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material; are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1386-7857 J9 CLUSTER COMPUT JI Cluster Comput. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 2 SI SI BP 163 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s10586-011-0162-y PG 19 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 950BV UT WOS:000304625000005 ER PT J AU Zhou, XD Templeton, JW Nie, Z Chen, H Stevenson, JW Pederson, LR AF Zhou, X. -D. Templeton, J. W. Nie, Z. Chen, H. Stevenson, J. W. Pederson, L. R. TI Electrochemical performance and stability of the cathode for solid oxide fuel cells: V. high performance and stable Pr2NiO4 as the cathode for solid oxide fuel cells SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Cathode; Solid oxide fuel cells; Stability; Performance; Impedance ID OXYGEN-SURFACE EXCHANGE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MIXED CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; NONSTOICHIOMETRY; PERMEABILITY; RELAXATION; DIFFUSION; CERAMICS; GD AB The polarization loss due to oxygen reduction at the cathode in solid oxide fuel cells is a thermally activated process; therefore, as temperature is lowered, the loss becomes substantial. Highly active cathodes have been investigated by several groups; equally important, if not more, is the stability of these electrodes. The high performance and stable Pr2NiO4 cathode was studied by impedance spectroscopy and dc current-potential sweeping methods. The power density in Pr2NiO4-based anode supported button cells was in the range between 0.65 and 0.7 W/cm(2) at 750 degrees C at the external load of 0.8 V. The degradation rate at 0.8 V was approximately 3% per 1000 h up to 2000 h. The electrode resistance is a function of external loads, thus also varies with current densities. The relationship between electrode resistance and external loads is non-linear, which may changes in lattice oxygen nonstoichiometry of the cathodes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, X. -D.; Chen, H.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Templeton, J. W.; Nie, Z.; Stevenson, J. W.; Pederson, L. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhou, XD (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, 301 Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM xiao-dong.zhou@sc.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA); US Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; National Science Foundation FX The work presented in this paper was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) Core Technology Program. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. Support by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry Program at the National Science Foundation to XDZ is also appreciated. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 54 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 71 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.067 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 948NW UT WOS:000304510900008 ER PT J AU Zheng, HH Li, J Song, XY Liu, G Battaglia, VS AF Zheng, Honghe Li, Jing Song, Xiangyun Liu, Gao Battaglia, Vincent S. TI A comprehensive understanding of electrode thickness effects on the electrochemical performances of Li-ion battery cathodes SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Lithium ion batteries; Electrode thickness; Rate capability; Energy density; Power density ID COMPOSITE CATHODE; CONDUCTIVE CARBON; POLYMERIC BINDER; LIFEPO4 CATHODES; CYCLE-LIFE; LITHIUM; DIFFUSION; DISCHARGE; MODEL; CELL AB LiN1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) and LiFePO4 (LFP) electrodes of different active material loadings are prepared. The impact of electrode thickness on the rate capability, energy and power density and long-term cycling behavior is comparatively investigated. Peukert coefficient slightly increases with increasing electrode thickness, showing a severe capacity loss at higher rate for thicker electrode. A power-law relation between the maximum working Crate and electrode loading is obtained. Increase of the specific resistance with increasing electrode thickness is not an important factor responsible for the poor rate performance for thicker electrode. The power-law relationship is typical for a diffusion-related system, indicating that Li ion diffusion within the electrode is the rate-determining step for the discharge process. As the result of the deterioration of rate capability, enhancing energy density through increasing electrode thickness is accompanied by a significant loss of power density. Long-term cycling performance is also deteriorated, which is attributed to the high internal resistance and poor mechanical integrity of thicker electrode. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Honghe; Li, Jing] Soochow Univ, Sch Energy, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Honghe; Song, Xiangyun; Liu, Gao; Battaglia, Vincent S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zheng, HH (reprint author), Soochow Univ, Sch Energy, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM hhzheng66@yahoo.com.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21073129]; Department of Science and technology of China [2009AA03Z225863] FX The authors are greatly indebted to the funding of Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, contract no. 21073129) and the Department of Science and technology of China for the 863 project (2009AA03Z225863). NR 42 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 21 U2 160 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 71 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.161 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 948NW UT WOS:000304510900038 ER PT J AU Wagner, JL Beresh, SJ Kearney, SP Trott, WM Castaneda, JN Pruett, BO Baer, MR AF Wagner, Justin L. Beresh, Steven J. Kearney, Sean P. Trott, Wayne M. Castaneda, Jaime N. Pruett, Brian O. Baer, Melvin R. TI A multiphase shock tube for shock wave interactions with dense particle fields SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID DUSTY-GAS; SUSPENSIONS AB Currently there is a substantial lack of data for interactions of shock waves with particle fields having volume fractions residing between the dilute and granular regimes. To close this gap, a novel multiphase shock tube has been constructed to drive a planar shock wave into a dense gas-solid field of particles. A nearly spatially isotropic field of particles is generated in the test section by a gravity-fed method that results in a spanwise curtain of spherical 100-micron particles having a volume fraction of about 20%. Interactions with incident shock Mach numbers of 1.66, 1.92, and 2.02 are reported. High-speed schlieren imaging simultaneous with high-frequency wall pressure measurements are used to reveal the complex wave structure associated with the interaction. Following incident shock impingement, transmitted and reflected shocks are observed, which lead to differences in particle drag across the streamwise dimension of the curtain. Shortly thereafter, the particle field begins to propagate downstream and spread. For all three Mach numbers tested, the energy and momentum fluxes in the induced flow far downstream are reduced about 30-40% by the presence of the particle field. C1 [Wagner, Justin L.; Beresh, Steven J.; Kearney, Sean P.; Trott, Wayne M.; Castaneda, Jaime N.; Pruett, Brian O.; Baer, Melvin R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wagner, JL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,Mailstop 0825, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jwagner@sandia.gov FU internal Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) grant; Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was funded by an internal Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) grant. The authors gratefully acknowledge this source of support. The authors would also like to thank Marcia Cooper for her assistance in the initial design phases of the shock tube. Finally, the authors are grateful to Yue Ling and Professor Balachandar at the University of Florida who recognized the presence of two contact surfaces in the schlieren imaging. This work is supported by Sandia National Laboratories and the United States Department of Energy. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1507 EP 1517 DI 10.1007/s00348-012-1272-x PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 950CB UT WOS:000304625600011 ER PT J AU Petryshyn, VA Corsetti, FA Berelson, WM Beaumont, W Lund, SP AF Petryshyn, Victoria A. Corsetti, Frank A. Berelson, William M. Beaumont, Will Lund, Steve P. TI Stromatolite lamination frequency, Walker Lake, Nevada: Implications for stromatolites as biosignatures SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS; LAHONTAN BASIN; CARBONATES; C-14; AGES; USA AB Lamination in stromatolites (considered some of the oldest fossils on Earth) is commonly interpreted to record the periodic response of a microbial community to daily, seasonal, or perhaps yearly environmental forcing, but the inability to date ancient stromatolites precludes an understanding of the lamination formation processes. We use high-resolution C-14 dating of Holocene stromatolites from Walker Lake, Nevada (United States), to construct a record of lamination rate over the course of accretion. Laminae formed with a period of 5.6 +/- 1.6 yr/lamination at the base of the structure, 1.6-2.8 +/- 1.9 yr/lamination in the middle, and 4.5 +/- 0.8 yr/lamination at the top of the laminated portion. The predominant 4-6 yr periodicity indicates that lamination formation is likely more closely related to regional climate forcing (e.g., El Nino Southern Oscillation) versus the typical diurnal or seasonal changes in microbial mats traditionally assumed for most ancient stromatolites. Thus, generalizations regarding the influence of microbial mats on stromatolite lamination and the use of stromatolites as biosignatures need careful consideration. C1 [Petryshyn, Victoria A.; Corsetti, Frank A.; Berelson, William M.; Lund, Steve P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Beaumont, Will] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Petryshyn, VA (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration Exobiology branch; Society for Sedimentary Geology; Geological Society of America FX Funding for this study was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Exobiology branch, the Society for Sedimentary Geology, and the Geological Society of America. We thank Doug Hammond, Dave Bottjer, Doug Capone, Jake Bailey, Sean Loyd, and Kirk Domke for their added insights. Dawn Sumner and two anonymous reviewers provided very helpful comments to earlier drafts of this manuscript. We thank Bradley Opdyke for his editorial insights. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 22 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP 499 EP 502 DI 10.1130/G32675.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 948PL UT WOS:000304515000005 ER PT J AU Fessenden, J AF Fessenden, Julianna TI Carbon sequestration and natural analogs SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CO2; STORAGE; RESERVOIR; DIOXIDE; CAPTURE; IMPACT; SITE; DISSOLUTION; CHEMISTRY C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fessenden, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP 575 EP 576 DI 10.1130/focus062012.1 PG 2 WC Geology SC Geology GA 948PL UT WOS:000304515000025 ER PT J AU Revil, A Karaoulis, M Johnson, T Kemna, A AF Revil, A. Karaoulis, M. Johnson, T. Kemna, A. TI Review: Some low-frequency electrical methods for subsurface characterization and monitoring in hydrogeology SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Geophysical methods; Groundwater hydraulics; Groundwater monitoring; Hydraulic properties; Unsaturated zone; Review ID SPECTRAL-INDUCED POLARIZATION; SELF-POTENTIAL DATA; DOMAIN-INDUCED-POLARIZATION; SPHERICAL COLLOIDAL PARTICLES; FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD; RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY; SHALY SANDS; ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS; DC-RESISTIVITY; DIELECTRIC-DISPERSION AB Low-frequency geoelectrical methods include mainly self-potential, resistivity, and induced polarization techniques, which have potential in many environmental and hydrogeological applications. They provide complementary information to each other and to in-situ measurements. The self-potential method is a passive measurement of the electrical response associated with the in-situ generation of electrical current due to the flow of pore water in porous media, a salinity gradient, and/or the concentration of redox-active species. Under some conditions, this method can be used to visualize groundwater flow, to determine permeability, and to detect preferential flow paths. Electrical resistivity is dependent on the water content, the temperature, the salinity of the pore water, and the clay content and mineralogy. Time-lapse resistivity can be used to assess the permeability and dispersivity distributions and to monitor contaminant plumes. Induced polarization characterizes the ability of rocks to reversibly store electrical energy. It can be used to image permeability and to monitor chemistry of the pore water-minerals interface. These geophysical methods, reviewed in this paper, should always be used in concert with additional in-situ measurements (e.g. in-situ pumping tests, chemical measurements of the pore water), for instance through joint inversion schemes, which is an area of fertile on-going research. C1 [Revil, A.] Univ Savoie, Equipe Volcan, CNRS, LGIT,UMR 5559, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Revil, A.; Karaoulis, M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Green Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Johnson, T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kemna, A.] Univ Bonn, Dept Geodynam & Geophys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RP Revil, A (reprint author), Univ Savoie, Equipe Volcan, CNRS, LGIT,UMR 5559, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. EM arevil@mines.edu; karaouli@geo.auth.gr; tj@pnl.gov; kemna@geo.uni-bonn.de RI Karaoulis, Marios/C-9977-2013 FU NSF [DGE-0801692]; EPA FX We thank NSF for funding the SmartGeo Educational Program (Project IGERT: Intelligent Geosystems; DGE-0801692) and EPA (D. Werkema) for funding M. Karaoulis. We thank A. Flores Orozco and K. H. Williams for sharing Fig. 23 with us and M. Nabighian for bringing to our attention key references about early works. K. Singha, L. Slater, and two anonymous referees are thanked for their careful and very useful reviews of this manuscript. NR 268 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 8 U2 80 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 EI 1435-0157 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 20 IS 4 BP 617 EP 658 DI 10.1007/s10040-011-0819-x PG 42 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 949XU UT WOS:000304612000001 ER PT J AU Rademacher, N Daemen, LL Chronister, EL Proffen, T AF Rademacher, Nadine Daemen, Luke L. Chronister, Eric L. Proffen, Thomas TI Pair distribution function analysis of molecular compounds: significance and modeling approach discussed using the example of p-terphenyl SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; POWDER-DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REFINEMENT; SIMULATION; PHASE AB Modeling the pair distribution function (PDF) of molecular compounds is a challenging task because intra- and intermolecular interactions lead to very different features in the PDF. This article discusses the different peak shapes in PDFs of molecular compounds in detail. Moreover, the common methods to calculate PDFs from structural models are summarized and evaluated with respect to molecular systems and an approach to calculate PDFs from molecular crystals more accurately is introduced. p-Terphenyl was chosen as a test compound. It adopts a crystal structure with disordered features and short-range order. The short-range order was previously investigated by analyzing single-crystal diffuse scattering and it was also extracted from experimental PDFs during this study. C1 [Rademacher, Nadine] Univ Frankfurt Main, Inst Geowissensch, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Rademacher, Nadine; Daemen, Luke L.; Proffen, Thomas] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chronister, Eric L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Proffen, Thomas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RP Rademacher, N (reprint author), Univ Frankfurt Main, Inst Geowissensch, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM rademacher@kristall.uni-frankfurt.de RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Schrodt, Nadine/D-4756-2015; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009 OI Schrodt, Nadine/0000-0001-6110-8320; Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031 FU DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work has benefited from the use of NPDF at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR acknowledges Dr Christian Buchsbaum for helpful discussions on the results of the Rietveld refinements and Professor Dr Bjorn Winkler for valuable comments on this manuscript. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 482 EP 488 DI 10.1107/S0021889812016159 PN 3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 947BV UT WOS:000304402500013 ER PT J AU Echols, N Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Afonine, PV Bunkoczi, G Chen, VB Headd, JJ McCoy, AJ Moriarty, NW Read, RJ Richardson, DC Richardson, JS Terwilliger, TC Adams, PD AF Echols, Nathaniel Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W. Afonine, Pavel V. Bunkoczi, Gabor Chen, Vincent B. Headd, Jeffrey J. McCoy, Airlie J. Moriarty, Nigel W. Read, Randy J. Richardson, David C. Richardson, Jane S. Terwilliger, Thomas C. Adams, Paul D. TI Graphical tools for macromolecular crystallography in PHENIX SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Software Review ID PROTEIN DATA-BANK; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; MOLECULAR-REPLACEMENT; MODEL; VISUALIZATION; PROGRAM; DENSITY; OPTIMIZATION; VALIDATION; GENERATION AB A new Python-based graphical user interface for the PHENIX suite of crystallography software is described. This interface unifies the command-line programs and their graphical displays, simplifying the development of new interfaces and avoiding duplication of function. With careful design, graphical interfaces can be displayed automatically, instead of being manually constructed. The resulting package is easily maintained and extended as new programs are added or modified. C1 [Echols, Nathaniel; Grosse-Kunstleve, Ralf W.; Afonine, Pavel V.; Headd, Jeffrey J.; Moriarty, Nigel W.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bunkoczi, Gabor; McCoy, Airlie J.; Read, Randy J.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Inst Med Res, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England. [Chen, Vincent B.; Richardson, David C.; Richardson, Jane S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Terwilliger, Thomas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Echols, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 64R0246, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nechols@lbl.gov RI Read, Randy/L-1418-2013; Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Read, Randy/0000-0001-8273-0047; Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM063210]; Wellcome Trust [082961] NR 42 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 581 EP 586 DI 10.1107/S0021889812017293 PN 3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 947BV UT WOS:000304402500028 PM 22675231 ER PT J AU Liu, HG Hexemer, A Zwart, PH AF Liu, Haiguang Hexemer, Alexander Zwart, Peter H. TI The Small Angle Scattering ToolBox (SASTBX): an open-source software for biomolecular small-angle scattering SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Software Review ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; RIBOSE-BINDING PROTEIN; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; OLIGOSACCHARIDE BINDING; SPHERICAL-HARMONICS; ADENYLATE KINASE; SURFACE FORM; RESOLUTION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; COMPUTATION AB Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering experiments are broadly applied to study biomolecular structure and dynamics. This article presents the Small Angle Scattering ToolBox (SASTBX), which provides a wide-ranging functionality for the analysis of biological small-angle scattering data, from data reduction to model reconstruction and refinement. The SASTBX is an open-source package, which is freely available at http://sastbx.als.lbl.gov. C1 [Liu, Haiguang; Zwart, Peter H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hexemer, Alexander] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zwart, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM phzwart@lbl.gov NR 49 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 587 EP 593 DI 10.1107/S0021889812015786 PN 3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 947BV UT WOS:000304402500029 ER PT J AU Andreev, VP Petyuk, VA Brewer, HM Karpievitch, YV Xie, F Clarke, J Camp, D Smith, RD Lieberman, AP Albin, RL Nawaz, Z El Hokayem, J Myers, AJ AF Andreev, Victor P. Petyuk, Vladislav A. Brewer, Heather M. Karpievitch, Yuliya V. Xie, Fang Clarke, Jennifer Camp, David Smith, Richard D. Lieberman, Andrew P. Albin, Roger L. Nawaz, Zafar El Hokayem, Jimmy Myers, Amanda J. TI Label-Free Quantitative LC-MS Proteomics of Alzheimer's Disease and Normally Aged Human Brains SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; brain; cortical samples; proteomics; bioinformatics; normalization ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID BIOMARKERS; UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME SYSTEM; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACCURATE MASS; IDENTIFIES VARIANTS AB Quantitative proteomics analysis of cortical samples of 10 Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains versus 10 normally aged brains was performed by following the accurate mass and time tag (AMT) approach with the high resolution LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer. More than 1400 proteins were identified and quantitated. A conservative approach of selecting only the consensus results of four normalization methods was suggested and used. A total of 197 proteins were shown to be significantly differentially abundant (p-values <0.05, corrected for multiplicity of testing) in AD versus control brain samples. Thirty-seven of these proteins were reported as differentially abundant or modified in AD in previous proteomics and transcriptomics publications. The rest to the best of our knowledge are new. Mapping of the discovered proteins with bioinformatic tools revealed significant enrichment with differentially abundant proteins of pathways and processes known to be important in AD, including signal transduction, regulation of protein phosphorylation, immune response, cytoskeleton organization, lipid metabolism, energy production, and cell death. C1 [Andreev, Victor P.; Myers, Amanda J.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Andreev, Victor P.; Nawaz, Zafar; El Hokayem, Jimmy] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Clarke, Jennifer] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Myers, Amanda J.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Neurosci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Myers, Amanda J.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Human Genet & Genom, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Andreev, Victor P.] Univ Miami, Ctr Computat Sci, Miami, FL USA. [Petyuk, Vladislav A.; Brewer, Heather M.; Karpievitch, Yuliya V.; Xie, Fang; Camp, David; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Albin, Roger L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Neurol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Lieberman, Andrew P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Albin, Roger L.] VAAAHS, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Andreev, VP (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM vandreev@med.miami.edu RI Myers, Amanda/B-1796-2010; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Andreev, Victor/D-1780-2013; OI Myers, Amanda/0000-0002-3100-9396; Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Petyuk, Vladislav/0000-0003-4076-151X; Clarke, Jennifer/0000-0002-2723-7249 FU National Institute on Aging EUREKA [R01-AG-034504]; NIA [P50-AG08671]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [RR18522]; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX We are grateful to the donors and their families. This work is supported by National Institute on Aging EUREKA grant R01-AG-034504 to A.J.M. The University of Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center's brain bank is supported by NIA grant P50-AG08671. Proteomic analyses were supported by the NIH National Center for Research Resources (RR18522 to R.D.S.) and were performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national scientific user facility located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington. PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 87 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 BP 3053 EP 3067 DI 10.1021/pr3001546 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 950WQ UT WOS:000304682500001 PM 22559202 ER PT J AU Jungjohann, KL Evans, JE Aguiar, JA Arslan, I Browning, ND AF Jungjohann, Katherine L. Evans, James E. Aguiar, Jeffery A. Arslan, Ilke Browning, Nigel D. TI Atomic-Scale Imaging and Spectroscopy for In Situ Liquid Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE STEM; in situ; liquid cell; EELS; spectroscopy; atomic resolution ID WATER; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; INTERFACE; SURFACES; EELS; STEM; TEM AB Observation of growth, synthesis, dynamics, and electrochemical reactions in the liquid state is an important yet largely unstudied aspect of nanotechnology. The only techniques that can potentially provide the insights necessary to advance our understanding of these mechanisms is simultaneous atomic-scale imaging and quantitative chemical analysis (through spectroscopy) under environmental conditions in the transmission electron microscope. In this study we describe the experimental and technical conditions necessary to obtain electron energy loss (EEL) spectra from a nanoparticle in colloidal suspension using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with the environmental liquid stage. At a fluid path length below 400 nm, atomic resolution images can be obtained and simultaneous compositional analysis can be achieved. We show that EEL spectroscopy can be used to quantify the total fluid path length around the nanoparticle and demonstrate that characteristic core-loss signals from the suspended nanoparticles can be resolved and analyzed to provide information on the local interfacial chemistry with the surrounding environment. The combined approach using aberration-corrected STEM and EEL spectra with the in situ fluid stage demonstrates a plenary platform for detailed investigations of solution-based catalysis. C1 [Jungjohann, Katherine L.; Aguiar, Jeffery A.; Arslan, Ilke; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Evans, James E.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Aguiar, Jeffery A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Life Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Jungjohann, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM klweeks@ucdavis.edu OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X; Aguiar, Jeffery/0000-0001-6101-4762 FU NIH [5RC1GM091755]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX J.E.E. and N.D.B. acknowledge National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding support from NIH Grant Number 5RC1GM091755. Aspects of this research were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 35 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 7 U2 104 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 621 EP 627 DI 10.1017/S1431927612000104 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 949VJ UT WOS:000304604000023 PM 22640968 ER PT J AU Comolli, LR Duarte, R Baum, D Luef, B Downing, KH Larson, DM Csencsits, R Banfield, JF AF Comolli, Luis R. Duarte, Robert Baum, Dennis Luef, Birgit Downing, Kenneth H. Larson, David M. Csencsits, Roseann Banfield, Jillian F. TI A portable cryo-plunger for on-site intact cryogenic microscopy sample preparation in natural environments SO MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE cryo-electron microscopy; cryo-plunging; environmental microbial communities; Archaea; extremophiles ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; VITRIFICATION; CHALLENGES; BACTERIA AB We present a modern, light portable device specifically designed for environmental samples for cryogenic transmission-electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) by on-site cryo-plunging. The power of cryo-TEM comes from preparation of artifact-free samples. However, in many studies, the samples must be collected at remote field locations, and the time involved in transporting samples back to the laboratory for cryogenic preservation can lead to severe degradation artifacts. Thus, going back to the basics, we developed a simple mechanical device that is light and easy to transport on foot yet effective. With the system design presented here we are able to obtain cryo-samples of microbes and microbial communities not possible to culture, in their near-intact environmental conditions as well as in routine laboratory work, and in real time. This methodology thus enables us to bring the power of cryo-TEM to microbial ecology. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:829836, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Comolli, Luis R.; Luef, Birgit; Downing, Kenneth H.; Larson, David M.; Csencsits, Roseann] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duarte, Robert; Baum, Dennis] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Luef, Birgit; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Comolli, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lrcomolli@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231] FX Contract grant sponsor: Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy; Contract grant number: DEAC02-05CH11231 NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1059-910X J9 MICROSC RES TECHNIQ JI Microsc. Res. Tech. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 75 IS 6 BP 829 EP 836 DI 10.1002/jemt.22001 PG 8 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Biology; Microscopy SC Anatomy & Morphology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Microscopy GA 945CP UT WOS:000304250700018 PM 22213355 ER PT J AU Fu, W Lai, D AF Fu, Wen Lai, Dong TI Dynamics of the innermost accretion flows around compact objects: magnetosphere-disc interface, global oscillations and instabilities SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion; accretion discs; hydrodynamics; instabilities; MHD; waves; X-rays: binaries ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; X-RAY BINARIES; 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; INERTIAL-ACOUSTIC MODES; HIGH-FREQUENCY QPOS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; COROTATIONAL INSTABILITY; INTERCHANGE INSTABILITY; EJECTION INSTABILITY AB We study global non-axisymmetric oscillation modes and instabilities in magnetospheredisc systems, as expected in neutron star X-ray binaries and possibly also in accreting black hole systems. Our 2D magnetospheredisc model consists of a Keplerian disc in contact with a uniformly rotating magnetosphere with low plasma density. Two types of global overstable modes exist in such systems: the interface modes and the disc inertialacoustic modes. We examine various physical effects and parameters that influence the properties of these oscillation modes, particularly their growth rates, including the magnetosphere field configuration, the velocity and density contrasts across the magnetospheredisc interface, the rotation profile (with Newtonian or pseudo general relativistic potential), the sound speed and magnetic field of the disc. The interface modes are driven unstable by RayleighTaylor and KelvinHelmholtz instabilities, but can be stabilized by the toroidal field (through magnetic tension) and disc differential rotation (through finite vorticity). General relativity increases their growth rates by modifying the disc vorticity outside the magnetosphere boundary. The interface modes may also be affected by wave absorption associated with corotation resonance in the disc. In the presence of a magnetosphere, the inertialacoustic modes are effectively trapped at the innermost region of the relativistic disc just outside the interface. They are driven unstable by wave absorption at the corotation resonance, but can be stabilized by modest disc magnetic fields. The overstable oscillation modes studied in this paper have characteristic properties that make them possible candidates for the quasi-periodic oscillations observed in X-ray binaries. C1 [Fu, Wen; Lai, Dong] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fu, Wen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fu, W (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM wenfu@astro.cornell.edu; dong@astro.cornell.edu FU NSF [AST-1008245]; NASA [NASA NNX10AP19G]; LANL FX We thank Professor Wlodek Kluzniak for his careful reading of our manuscript and his valuable suggestions that helped improve our presentation. This work has been supported in part by NSF Grant AST-1008245 and NASA Grant NASA NNX10AP19G. WF also acknowledges the support from a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Programme at LANL. NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 423 IS 1 BP 831 EP 843 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20921.x PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 949TP UT WOS:000304599100062 ER PT J AU Liu, H Radisky, DC Yang, D Xu, R Radisky, ES Bissell, MJ Bishop, JM AF Liu, Hong Radisky, Derek C. Yang, Dun Xu, Ren Radisky, Evette S. Bissell, Mina J. Bishop, J. Michael TI MYC suppresses cancer metastasis by direct transcriptional silencing of alpha(v) and beta(3) integrin subunits SO NATURE CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-MYC; BREAST-CANCER; TUMOR-CELLS; MAMMARY TUMORIGENESIS; TRANSGENIC MICE; N-MYC; EXPRESSION; MIGRATION; ONCOGENE; GENES AB Overexpression of MYC transforms cells in culture, elicits malignant tumours in experimental animals and is found in many human tumours. We now report the paradoxical finding that this powerful oncogene can also act as a suppressor of cell motility, invasiveness and metastasis. Overexpression of MYC stimulated proliferation of breast cancer cells both in culture and in vivo as expected, but inhibited motility and invasiveness in culture, and lung and liver metastases in xenografted tumours. We show further that MYC represses transcription of both subunits of alpha(v),beta(3) integrin, and that exogenous expression of beta(3) integrin in human breast cancer cells that do not express this integrin rescues invasiveness and migration when MYC is downregulated. These data uncover an unexpected function of MYC, provide an explanation for the hitherto puzzling literature on the relationship between MYC and metastasis, and reveal a variable that could influence the development of therapies that target MYC. C1 [Liu, Hong; Yang, Dun; Bishop, J. Michael] Univ Calif San Francisco, George Williams Hooper Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Radisky, Derek C.; Radisky, Evette S.] Mayo Clin, Ctr Canc, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Xu, Ren; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Radisky, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, George Williams Hooper Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM radisky.derek@mayo.edu RI Radisky, Evette/C-8526-2012 OI Radisky, Evette/0000-0003-3121-109X FU George Williams Hooper Foundation; NIH [P50 CA091956]; DoD [PC094054, W81XWH0810736]; NCI [CA122086]; Susan B. Komen foundation [FA50703855]; Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer SPORE [CA116201]; NIH/NCI [R37CA064786, U01CA143233, U54CA143836, U54CA126552]; Department of Energy OBER [DE-AC02-05CH1123] FX We thank D. Cheresh, F. G. Giancotti, A. Goga and D. Sheppard for providing DNA constructs and cell lines. We are grateful to C-Y. Chen, L. Prentice and B. Edenfeld for help with histology and imaging. We thank D. Khauv for work with the ChIP assay, E. Miller for work with the orthotopic animal assay, M. Cichon for cloning constructs and M. Stallings-Mann for work with analysis of experiments. We also thank members of the Bishop, Bissell and Radisky laboratories for their constructive discussion and help. This work was financially supported initially by the George Williams Hooper Foundation (J.M.B.). The founder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Further support came from NIH (P50 CA091956) and the DoD (PC094054) (to E.S.R.); NCI CA122086, Susan B. Komen foundation grant FA50703855 and the Mayo Clinic Breast Cancer SPORE grant CA116201 (to D.C.R.); the DoD (W81XWH0810736), NIH/NCI (R37CA064786, U01CA143233, U54CA143836 and U54CA126552) and the Department of Energy OBER Low Dose Radiation Program (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH1123) (to M.J.B.). NR 50 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1465-7392 J9 NAT CELL BIOL JI Nat. Cell Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 BP 567 EP + DI 10.1038/ncb2491 PG 13 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 949TW UT WOS:000304599900006 PM 22581054 ER PT J AU Reiman, EM Jagust, WJ AF Reiman, Eric M. Jagust, William J. TI Brain imaging in the study of Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROIMAGE LA English DT Review DE Alzheimer's disease; Dementia; Mild cognitive impairment; MRI; PET; Amyloid; Diagnosis; Prevention ID MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; PITTSBURGH COMPOUND-B; CEREBRAL GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; QUALITY STANDARDS SUBCOMMITTEE; PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; BETA-PEPTIDE DEPOSITION; VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; ACADEMY-OF-NEUROLOGY; DEFAULT-MODE NETWORK AB Over the last 20 years, there has been extraordinary progress in brain imaging research and its application to the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain imaging researchers have contributed to the scientific understanding, early detection and tracking of AD. They have set the stage for imaging techniques to play growing roles in the clinical setting, the evaluation of disease-modifying treatments, and the identification of demonstrably effective prevention therapies. They have developed ground-breaking methods, including positron emission tomography (PET) ligands to measure fibrillar amyloid-beta (A beta) deposition, new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequences, and powerful image analysis techniques, to help in these endeavors. Additional work is needed to develop even more powerful imaging methods, to further clarify the relationship and time course of A beta and other disease processes in the predisposition to AD, to establish the role of brain imaging methods in the clinical setting, and to provide the scientific means and regulatory approval pathway needed to evaluate the range of promising disease-modifying and prevention therapies as quickly as possible. Twenty years from now, AD may not yet be a distant memory, but the best is yet to come. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Reiman, Eric M.] Banner Alzheimers Inst, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA. [Reiman, Eric M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Psychiat, Tucson, AZ USA. [Reiman, Eric M.] Translat Genom Res Inst TGen, Neurogen Div, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Reiman, Eric M.] Arizona Alzheimers Consortium, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Reiman, EM (reprint author), Banner Alzheimers Inst, 901 E Willetta St, Phoenix, AZ 85006 USA. EM eric.reiman@bannerhealth.com FU National Institute on Aging [R01 AG031581, R01 AG034570, P30 AG19610, U01 AG024904, RC AG036535] FX The authors received relevant support from National Institute on Aging grants R01 AG031581, R01 AG034570, P30 AG19610, U01 AG024904 and RC AG036535. They thank Dr. Jessica Langbaum for her assistance in the editing of this article. NR 181 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 49 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1053-8119 J9 NEUROIMAGE JI Neuroimage PD JUN PY 2012 VL 61 IS 2 SI SI BP 505 EP 516 DI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.075 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 950DN UT WOS:000304629600017 PM 22173295 ER PT J AU Lavoie, B Mayes, MA McKay, LD AF Lavoie, Beth Mayes, Melanie A. McKay, Larry D. TI Transport of Explosive Residue Surrogates in Saturated Porous Media SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Colloid transport; Dinitrotoluene; Munitions; Nitroaromatics; Sand ID COMPOSITION-B; DISSOLUTION; TNT; PARTICLES; SOIL; RDX; SUBSURFACE; COLLOIDS AB Department of Defense operational ranges may become contaminated by particles of explosives residues (ER) as a result of low-order detonations of munitions. The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which particles of ER could migrate through columns of sandy sediment, representing model aquifer materials. Transport experiments were conducted in saturated columns (2 x 20 cm) packed with different grain sizes of clean sand or glass beads. Fine particles (approximately 2 to 50 mu m) of 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT) were used as a surrogate for ER. DNT particles were applied to the top 1 cm of sand or beads in the columns, and the columns were subsequently leached with artificial groundwater solutions. DNT migration occurred as both dissolved and particulate phases. Concentration differences between unfiltered and filtered samples indicate that particulate DNT accounted for up to 41% of the mass recovered in effluent samples. Proportionally, more particulate than dissolved DNT was recovered in effluent solutions from columns with larger grain sizes, while total concentrations of DNT in effluent were inversely related to grain size. Of the total DNT mass applied to the uppermost layer of the column, < 3% was recovered in the effluent with the bulk remaining in the top 2 cm of the column. Our results suggest there is some potential for subsurface migration of ER particles and that most of the particles will be retained over relatively short transport distances. C1 [Lavoie, Beth; McKay, Larry D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mayes, Melanie A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Subsurface Sci Grp, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lavoie, B (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1412 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM bethshebal@gmail.com FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1690]; US DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors would like to express their appreciation to Drs. Steven Minkin and John Biggerstaff, with the University of Tennessee, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, for their assistance with this project. We are also thankful to Drs. Guoping Tang and Prasesh Sharma, with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Dr. Ed Perfect, with the University of Tennessee, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, for their help with the manuscript. The work is funded through Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Project Number ER-1690. The work was completed at the University of Tennessee in association with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by the University of Tennessee-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US DOE. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 223 IS 5 BP 1983 EP 1993 DI 10.1007/s11270-011-0999-y PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 947XF UT WOS:000304467000006 PM 22707801 ER PT J AU Chen, XY Murakami, H Hahn, MS Hammond, GE Rockhold, ML Zachara, JM Rubin, Y AF Chen, Xingyuan Murakami, Haruko Hahn, Melanie S. Hammond, Glenn E. Rockhold, Mark L. Zachara, John M. Rubin, Yoram TI Three-dimensional Bayesian geostatistical aquifer characterization at the Hanford 300 Area using tracer test data SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED TRANSMISSIVITY FIELDS; SEQUENTIAL DATA ASSIMILATION; PILOT POINT METHODOLOGY; GROUNDWATER-FLOW; INVERSE PROBLEM; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS; UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT; STOCHASTIC SIMULATION; AUTOMATED CALIBRATION AB Tracer tests performed under natural or forced gradient flow conditions can provide useful information for characterizing subsurface properties, through monitoring, modeling, and interpretation of the tracer plume migration in an aquifer. Nonreactive tracer experiments were conducted at the Hanford 300 Area, along with constant-rate injection tests and electromagnetic borehole flowmeter tests. A Bayesian data assimilation technique, the method of anchored distributions (MAD) (Rubin et al., 2010), was applied to assimilate the experimental tracer test data with the other types of data and to infer the three-dimensional heterogeneous structure of the hydraulic conductivity in the saturated zone of the Hanford formation. In this study, the Bayesian prior information on the underlying random hydraulic conductivity field was obtained from previous field characterization efforts using constant-rate injection and borehole flowmeter test data. The posterior distribution of the conductivity field was obtained by further conditioning the field on the temporal moments of tracer breakthrough curves at various observation wells. MAD was implemented with the massively parallel three-dimensional flow and transport code PFLOTRAN to cope with the highly transient flow boundary conditions at the site and to meet the computational demands of MAD. A synthetic study proved that the proposed method could effectively invert tracer test data to capture the essential spatial heterogeneity of the three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity field. Application of MAD to actual field tracer data at the Hanford 300 Area demonstrates that inverting for spatial heterogeneity of hydraulic conductivity under transient flow conditions is challenging and more work is needed. C1 [Chen, Xingyuan; Hammond, Glenn E.; Rockhold, Mark L.; Zachara, John M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chen, Xingyuan; Hahn, Melanie S.; Rubin, Yoram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Murakami, Haruko] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, XY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM xingyuan.chen@pnnl.gov RI Wainwright, Haruko/A-5670-2015 OI Wainwright, Haruko/0000-0002-2140-6072 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. PFLOTRAN is developed under the DOE Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC-2) program. The high-performance computation was performed on the Franklin Supercomputer at NERSC, supported by the DOE Office of Science under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The unconditional field generation code was provided by Wolfgang Nowak. NR 74 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W06501 DI 10.1029/2011WR010675 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 952FQ UT WOS:000304777000001 ER PT J AU Forlani, G Petrollino, D Fusetti, M Romanini, L Nocek, B Joachimiak, A Berlicki, L Kafarski, P AF Forlani, Giuseppe Petrollino, Davide Fusetti, Massimo Romanini, Letizia Nocek, Boguslaw Joachimiak, Andrzej Berlicki, Lukasz Kafarski, Pawel TI delta(1)-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase as a new target for therapeutics: inhibition of the enzyme from Streptococcus pyogenes and effects in vivo SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Article DE Amino acid metabolism; Antibiotics; P5C reductase; Proline; Streptococcus sp ID PLANT P5C REDUCTASE; ANTIBIOTIC STRATEGY; BIOSYNTHESIS; METABOLISM; RESISTANT; PATHOGENS; PROLINE; ACID; COLONIZATION; TOLERANCE AB Compounds able to interfere with amino acid biosynthesis have the potential to inhibit cell growth. In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, unless an ornithine cyclodeaminase is present, the activity of delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase is mandatory to proline production, and the enzyme inhibition should result in amino acid starvation, blocking in turn protein synthesis. The ability of some substituted derivatives of aminomethylenebisphosphonic acid and its analogues to interfere with the activity of the enzyme from the human pathogen was investigated. Several compounds were able to suppress activity in the micromolar range of concentrations, with a mechanism of uncompetitive type with respect to the substrate P5C and non-competitive with respect to the electron donor NAD(P)H. The actual occurrence of enzyme inhibition in vivo was supported by the effects of the most active derivatives upon bacterial growth and free amino acid content. C1 [Forlani, Giuseppe; Petrollino, Davide; Fusetti, Massimo; Romanini, Letizia] Univ Ferrara, Dept Biol & Evolut, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Nocek, Boguslaw; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Berlicki, Lukasz; Kafarski, Pawel] Wroclaw Univ Technol, Dept Bioorgan Chem, Fac Chem, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. RP Forlani, G (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dept Biol & Evolut, Via L Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. EM flg@unife.it RI Forlani, Giuseppe/B-7869-2009 OI Forlani, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2598-5718 FU University of Ferrara [FAR2009-2010]; Spinner Consortium, Emilia Romagna Region [626/09] FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the University of Ferrara within the frame of the projects FAR2009-2010 Approcci biotecnologici per un incremento della sostenibilita della produzione agro-zootecnica. Davide Petrollino gratefully acknowledges an applied research fellowship from Spinner Consortium, Emilia Romagna Region (prot. N. 626/09). NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 IS 6 BP 2283 EP 2291 DI 10.1007/s00726-011-0970-7 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 943UH UT WOS:000304150300026 PM 21744012 ER PT J AU Weber, CF Balasch, MM Gossage, Z Porras-Alfaro, A Kuske, CR AF Weber, Carolyn F. Balasch, Monica Moya Gossage, Zachary Porras-Alfaro, Andrea Kuske, Cheryl R. TI Soil Fungal Cellobiohydrolase I Gene (cbhI) Composition and Expression in a Loblolly Pine Plantation under Conditions of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and Nitrogen Fertilization SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; AGRICULTURAL SOIL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; TREMBLING ASPEN; ENRICHMENT FACE; ROOT EXUDATION; FOREST SOILS; DIVERSITY AB The simultaneous increase of atmospheric CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition to terrestrial ecosystems is predicted to alter plant productivity and, consequently, to change the amount and quality of above- and belowground carbon entering forest soils. It is not known how such changes will impact the composition and function of soil fungal communities that play a key role in degrading complex carbon. We sequenced the fungal cellobiohydrolase I gene (cbhI) from soil DNA and cDNA to compare the richness and composition of resident and expressed cbhI genes at a U.S. Department of Energy free air-carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) site (NC), which had been exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 and/or N fertilization treatment for several years. Our results provide evidence that the richness and composition of the cellulolytic fungi surveyed in this study were distinct in the DNA- and cDNA-based gene surveys and were dominated by Basidiomycota that have low or no representation in public databases. The surveys did not detect differences in richness or phylum-level composition of cbhI-containing, cellulolytic fungi that correlated with elevated CO2 or N fertilization at the time of sampling. C1 [Weber, Carolyn F.; Balasch, Monica Moya; Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Gossage, Zachary; Porras-Alfaro, Andrea] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM kuske@lanl.gov OI Porras-Alfaro, Andrea/0000-0002-9053-7973 FU United States Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Western Illinois University FX This study was funded by a United States Department of Energy-Science Focus Area grant (C.R.K.), a Los Alamos National Laboratory Director's Postdoctoral fellowship (C.F.W.), and a Western Illinois University Undergraduate Research and Scholarly Activity grant (Z.G.). NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 11 BP 3950 EP 3957 DI 10.1128/AEM.08018-11 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 944FT UT WOS:000304185400021 PM 22467503 ER PT J AU Ganeshalingam, M Li, WD Filippenko, AV Silverman, JM Chornock, R Foley, RJ Matheson, T Kirshner, RP Milne, P Calkins, M Shen, KJ AF Ganeshalingam, Mohan Li, Weidong Filippenko, Alexei V. Silverman, Jeffrey M. Chornock, Ryan Foley, Ryan J. Matheson, Thomas Kirshner, Robert P. Milne, Peter Calkins, Mike Shen, Ken J. TI THE LOW-VELOCITY, RAPIDLY FADING TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA 2002es SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2002es, SN 1999bh) ID AUTOMATIC IMAGING TELESCOPE; PHOTOMETRIC STANDARD STARS; DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LIGHT CURVES; HOST GALAXIES; IMPROVED DISTANCES; CELESTIAL EQUATOR; LOW-LUMINOSITY; CORE-COLLAPSE AB SN 2002es is a peculiar subluminous Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) with a combination of observed characteristics never before seen in an SN Ia. At maximum light, SN 2002es shares spectroscopic properties with the underluminous SN 1991bg subclass of SNe Ia, but with substantially lower expansion velocities(similar to 6000 km s(-1)) more typical of the peculiar SN 2002cx subclass. Photometrically, SN 2002es differs from both SN 1991bg-like and SN 2002cx-like supernovae. Although at maximum light it is subluminous (M-B = -17.78 mag), SN 2002es has a relatively broad light curve (Delta m(15)(B) = 1.28 +/- 0.04 mag), making it a significant outlier in the light-curve width versus luminosity relationship. We estimate a Ni-56 mass of 0.17 +/- 0.05 M-circle dot synthesized in the explosion, relatively low for an SN Ia. One month after maximum light, we find an unexpected plummet in the bolometric luminosity. The late-time decay of the light curves is inconsistent with our estimated Ni-56 mass, indicating that either the light curve was not completely powered by Ni-56 decay or the ejecta became optically thin to gamma-rays within a month after maximum light. The host galaxy is classified as an S0 galaxy with little to no star formation, indicating that the progenitor of SN 2002es is likely from an old stellar population. We also present a less extensive data set for SN 1999bh, an object which shares similar photometric and spectroscopic properties. Both objects were found as part of the Lick Observatory Supernova Search, allowing us to estimate that these objects should account for 2.5% of SNe Ia within a fixed volume. Current theoretical models are unable to explain the observed characteristics of SN 2002es. C1 [Ganeshalingam, Mohan; Li, Weidong; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Silverman, Jeffrey M.; Shen, Ken J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chornock, Ryan; Foley, Ryan J.; Kirshner, Robert P.; Calkins, Mike] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Matheson, Thomas] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Milne, Peter] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Shen, Ken J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ganeshalingam, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mganesh@astro.berkeley.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-0607485, AST-0908886]; TABASGO Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy SciDAC [DE-FC02-06ER41453]; NSF [AST-0907903]; W. M. Keck Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER41563]; NASA FX The research of A.V.F.'s supernova group at UC Berkeley has been generously supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF; most recently through grants AST-0607485 and AST-0908886), the TABASGO Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy SciDAC grant DE-FC02-06ER41453, and U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-08ER41563. KAIT and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, Inc., the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, the NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, and the TABASGO Foundation. Supernova research at Harvard is supported in part by NSF grant AST-0907903. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community; we are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. We made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. NR 124 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 AR 142 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/142 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 944LU UT WOS:000304204600063 ER PT J AU Johnson, JL Li, H AF Johnson, Jarrett L. Li, Hui TI THE FIRST PLANETS: THE CRITICAL METALLICITY FOR PLANET FORMATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: theory; planets and satellites: formation ID GALACTIC HABITABLE ZONE; GAS GIANT PLANETS; LOW-MASS STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; DUST FORMATION; PRIMORDIAL SUPERNOVAE; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; STELLAR ARCHAEOLOGY; AGE DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION III AB A rapidly growing body of observational results suggests that planet formation takes place preferentially at high metallicity. In the core accretion model of planet formation this is expected because heavy elements are needed to form the dust grains which settle into the midplane of the protoplanetary disk and coagulate to form the planetesimals from which planetary cores are assembled. As well, there is observational evidence that the lifetimes of circumstellar disks are shorter at lower metallicities, likely due to greater susceptibility to photoevaporation. Here we estimate the minimum metallicity for planet formation, by comparing the timescale for dust grain growth and settling to that for disk photoevaporation. For a wide range of circumstellar disk models and dust grain properties, we find that the critical metallicity above which planets can form is a function of the distance r at which the planet orbits its host star. With the iron abundance relative to that of the Sun [Fe/H] as a proxy for the metallicity, we estimate a lower limit for the critical abundance for planet formation of [Fe/H](crit) similar or equal to -1.5 + log( r/1AU), where an astronomical unit ( AU) is the distance between the Earth and the Sun. This prediction is in agreement with the available observational data, and carries implications for the properties of the first planets and for the emergence of life in the early universe. In particular, it implies that the first Earth-like planets likely formed from circumstellar disks with metallicities Z greater than or similar to 0.1 Z(circle dot). If planets are found to orbit stars with metallicities below the critical metallicity, this may be a strong challenge to the core accretion model. C1 [Johnson, Jarrett L.; Li, Hui] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Johnson, Jarrett L.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jlj@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD; LDRD at Los Alamos National Laboratory FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for this work. J.L.J. also gratefully acknowledges the support of a LDRD Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship at Los Alamos National Laboratory. We are thankful to Volker Bromm, Pawan Kumar, Doug Lin, Alexia Schulz, and Tsing-Wai Wong for helpful discussions and feedback, and to the anonymous reviewer for a thorough and constructive report. J.L.J. also thanks Claudio Dalla Vecchia for help with IDL color tables. This research has made use of the Exoplanet Orbit Database and the Exoplanet Data Explorer at exoplanets.org. NR 87 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 AR 81 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/81 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 944LU UT WOS:000304204600002 ER PT J AU Margutti, R Soderberg, AM Chomiuk, L Chevalier, R Hurley, K Milisavljevic, D Foley, RJ Hughes, JP Slane, P Fransson, C Moe, M Barthelmy, S Boynton, W Briggs, M Connaughton, V Costa, E Cummings, J Del Monte, E Enos, H Fellows, C Feroci, M Fukazawa, Y Gehrels, N Goldsten, J Golovin, D Hanabata, Y Harshman, K Krimm, H Litvak, ML Makishima, K Marisaldi, M Mitrofanov, IG Murakami, T Ohno, M Palmer, DM Sanin, AB Starr, R Svinkin, D Takahashi, T Tashiro, M Terada, Y Yamaoka, K AF Margutti, R. Soderberg, A. M. Chomiuk, L. Chevalier, R. Hurley, K. Milisavljevic, D. Foley, R. J. Hughes, J. P. Slane, P. Fransson, C. Moe, M. Barthelmy, S. Boynton, W. Briggs, M. Connaughton, V. Costa, E. Cummings, J. Del Monte, E. Enos, H. Fellows, C. Feroci, M. Fukazawa, Y. Gehrels, N. Goldsten, J. Golovin, D. Hanabata, Y. Harshman, K. Krimm, H. Litvak, M. L. Makishima, K. Marisaldi, M. Mitrofanov, I. G. Murakami, T. Ohno, M. Palmer, D. M. Sanin, A. B. Starr, R. Svinkin, D. Takahashi, T. Tashiro, M. Terada, Y. Yamaoka, K. TI INVERSE COMPTON X-RAY EMISSION FROM SUPERNOVAE WITH COMPACT PROGENITORS: APPLICATION TO SN2011fe SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; supernovae: individual (SN2011fe) ID SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; SYMBIOTIC-STAR PROGENITOR; WHITE-DWARF MODELS; IA SUPERNOVAE; RADIO-EMISSION; LIGHT CURVES; SN 2011FE; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL; SODIUM-ABSORPTION; BURST AFTERGLOWS AB We present a generalized analytic formalism for the inverse Compton X-ray emission from hydrogen-poor supernovae and apply this framework to SN 2011fe using Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT), UVOT, and Chandra observations. We characterize the optical properties of SN 2011fe in the Swift bands and find them to be broadly consistent with a "normal" SN Ia, however, no X-ray source is detected by either XRT or Chandra. We constrain the progenitor system mass-loss rate (M) over dot < 2 x 10(-9) M-circle dot yr(-1) (3 sigma c.l.) for wind velocity v(w) = 100 km s(-1). Our result rules out symbiotic binary progenitors for SN 2011fe and argues against Roche lobe overflowing subgiants and main-sequence secondary stars if greater than or similar to 1% of the transferred mass is lost at the Lagrangian points. Regardless of the density profile, the X-ray non-detections are suggestive of a clean environment (n(CSM) < 150 cm(-3)) for 2 x 10(15) less than or similar to R less than or similar to 5 x 10(16) cm around the progenitor site. This is either consistent with the bulk of material being confined within the binary system or with a significant delay between mass loss and supernova explosion. We furthermore combine X-ray and radio limits from Chomiuk et al. to constrain the post-shock energy density in magnetic fields. Finally, we searched for the shock breakout pulse using gamma-ray observations from the Interplanetary Network and find no compelling evidence for a supernova-associated burst. Based on the compact radius of the progenitor star we estimate that the shock breakout pulse was likely not detectable by current satellites. C1 [Margutti, R.; Soderberg, A. M.; Chomiuk, L.; Milisavljevic, D.; Foley, R. J.; Slane, P.; Moe, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chomiuk, L.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Chevalier, R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Hurley, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hughes, J. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Fransson, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Barthelmy, S.; Cummings, J.; Gehrels, N.; Krimm, H.; Starr, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Boynton, W.; Enos, H.; Fellows, C.; Harshman, K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Planetary Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Briggs, M.; Connaughton, V.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35809 USA. [Costa, E.; Del Monte, E.; Feroci, M.] INAF IASF Roma, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Ohno, M.; Takahashi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Goldsten, J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Golovin, D.; Litvak, M. L.; Mitrofanov, I. G.; Murakami, T.; Sanin, A. B.] Moscow Space Res Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Makishima, K.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Marisaldi, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Palmer, D. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Svinkin, D.] Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Tashiro, M.; Terada, Y.] Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Sakura Ku, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Yamaoka, K.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298558, Japan. RP Margutti, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Tashiro, Makoto/J-4562-2012; Terada, Yukikatsu/A-5879-2013; Svinkin, Dmitry/C-1934-2014; OI Terada, Yukikatsu/0000-0002-2359-1857; Feroci, Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421; Costa, Enrico/0000-0003-4925-8523; Marisaldi, Martino/0000-0002-4000-3789 FU Clay Fellowship; NASA [NNX10AR12G, NNX12AD68G, NNX07AR71G, NNX10AU34G, NAS8-03060]; Russian Space Agency; RFBR [11-02-12082-ofi_m] FX We thank Harvey Tananbaum and Neil Gehrels for making Chandra and Swift observations possible. We thank Re'em Sari, Bob Kirshner, Sayan Chakraborti, Stephan Immler, Brosk Russell, and Rodolfo Barniol Duran for helpful discussions. L. C. is a Jansky Fellow of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. R.J.F. is supported by a Clay Fellowship. K.H. is grateful for IPN support under the following NASA grants: NNX10AR12G (Suzaku), NNX12AD68G (Swift), NNX07AR71G (MESSENGER), and NNX10AU34G (Fermi). The Konus-Wind experiment is supported by a Russian Space Agency contract and RFBR Grant 11-02-12082-ofi_m. P.O.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA Contract NAS8-03060. NR 79 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 AR 134 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/134 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 944LU UT WOS:000304204600055 ER PT J AU Roming, PWA Pritchard, TA Prieto, JL Kochanek, CS Fryer, CL Davidson, K Humphreys, RM Bayless, AJ Beacom, JF Brown, PJ Holland, ST Immler, S Kuin, NPM Oates, SR Pogge, RW Pojmanski, G Stoll, R Shappee, BJ Stanek, KZ Szczygiel, DM AF Roming, P. W. A. Pritchard, T. A. Prieto, J. L. Kochanek, C. S. Fryer, C. L. Davidson, K. Humphreys, R. M. Bayless, A. J. Beacom, J. F. Brown, P. J. Holland, S. T. Immler, S. Kuin, N. P. M. Oates, S. R. Pogge, R. W. Pojmanski, G. Stoll, R. Shappee, B. J. Stanek, K. Z. Szczygiel, D. M. TI THE UNUSUAL TEMPORAL AND SPECTRAL EVOLUTION OF THE TYPE IIn SUPERNOVA 2011ht SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: individual (SN 2011ht) ID SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; ULTRA-VIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; ETA-CARINAE; SN 2008S; CIRCUMSTELLAR INTERACTION; OPTICAL TRANSIENT; DUST FORMATION; IA SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT CURVES AB We present very early UV to optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the peculiar Type IIn supernova (SN) 2011ht in UGC 5460. The UV observations of the rise to peak are only the second ever recorded for a Type IIn SN and are by far the most complete. The SN, first classified as an SN impostor, slowly rose to a peak of M-V similar to -17 in similar to 55 days. In contrast to the similar to 2 mag increase in the upsilon-band light curve from the first observation until peak, the UV flux increased by >7 mag. The optical spectra are dominated by strong, Balmer emission with narrow peaks (FWHM similar to 600 km s(-1)), very broad asymmetric wings (FWHM similar to 4200 km s(-1)), and blueshifted absorption (similar to 300 km s(-1)) superposed on a strong blue continuum. The UV spectra are dominated by Fe II, Mg II, Si II, and Si III absorption lines broadened by similar to 1500 km s(-1). Merged X-ray observations reveal a L0.2-10 = (1.0 +/- 0.2) x 10(39) erg s(-1). Some properties of SN 2011ht are similar to SN impostors, while others are comparable to Type IIn SNe. Early spectra showed features typical of luminous blue variables at maximum and during giant eruptions. However, the broad emission profiles coupled with the strong UV flux have not been observed in previous SN impostors. The absolute magnitude and energetics (similar to 2.5 x 10(49) erg in the first 112 days) are reminiscent of normal Type IIn SN, but the spectra are of a dense wind. We suggest that the mechanism for creating this unusual profile could be a shock interacting with a shell of material that was ejected a year before the discovery of the SN. C1 [Roming, P. W. A.; Bayless, A. J.] SW Res Inst, Space Sci & Engn Div, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Roming, P. W. A.; Pritchard, T. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Prieto, J. L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kochanek, C. S.; Beacom, J. F.; Pogge, R. W.; Stoll, R.; Shappee, B. J.; Stanek, K. Z.; Szczygiel, D. M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kochanek, C. S.; Beacom, J. F.; Pogge, R. W.; Stanek, K. Z.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Fryer, C. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Fryer, C. L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Fryer, C. L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Davidson, K.; Humphreys, R. M.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Beacom, J. F.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Brown, P. J.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Holland, S. T.] Space Telescope Sci Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Immler, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Immler, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Immler, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kuin, N. P. M.; Oates, S. R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Pojmanski, G.] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. RP Roming, PWA (reprint author), SW Res Inst, Space Sci & Engn Div, PO Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. EM proming@swri.edu OI Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 FU NASA [HF-51261.01-A, NAS 5-2655, NAS5-00136]; STScI; NSF [AST-0908816, AST-1108687, PHY-1101216, AST-9987045]; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); UK Space Agency; NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP); Ohio Board of Regents; The Ohio State University Office of Research FX J.L.P. acknowledges support from NASA through the Hubble Fellowship Grant HF-51261.01-A awarded by STScI, which is operated by AURA, Inc. for NASA, under the contract NAS 5-2655. C.S.K., B.J.S., D.M.S., and K.Z.S. are supported by the NSF grant AST-0908816. K.Z.S. and R.S. are also supported by the NSF grant AST-1108687. J.F.B. was supported by the NSF grant PHY-1101216. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions from members of the Swift UVOT team at the Pennsylvania State University (PSU), University College London/Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), and NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. This work is sponsored at PSU by the NASA contract NAS5-00136 and at MSSL by funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and the UK Space Agency. The ASAS-SN commissioning observations were only possible due to help and support of the Las Cumbres Observatory, especially W. Rosing, E. Hawkins, R. Ross, M. Elphick, D. Mullins, and Z. Walker. We thank R. McMillan and G. Bakos for obtaining a spectrum with the APO 3.5 m telescope, and the APO director S. Hawley for granting DD time for this observation. This paper used data taken with the LBT/MODS1 spectrographs built with funding from the NSF grant AST-9987045 and the NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP), with additional funds from the Ohio Board of Regents and The Ohio State University Office of Research. The Hobby Eberly Telescope (HET) is a joint project of the University of Texas at Austin, PSU, Stanford University, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, and Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen. The HET is named in honor of its principal benefactors, William P. Hobby and Robert E. Eberly. The Marcario Low Resolution Spectrograph (LRS) is named for Mike Marcario of High Lonesome Optics who fabricated several optics for the instrument but died before its completion. The LRS is a joint project of the HET partnership and the Instituto de Astronomia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Based in part on observations made with the Large Binocular Telescope. The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy, and Germany. The LBT Corporation partners are the University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona university system; the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy; the LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max Planck Society, the Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, and Heidelberg University; The Ohio State University; and the Research Corporation, on behalf of the University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and this research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 99 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 AR 92 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/92 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 944LU UT WOS:000304204600013 ER PT J AU Zheng, W Shen, RF Sakamoto, T Beardmore, AP De Pasquale, M Wu, XF Gorosabel, J Urata, Y Sugita, S Zhang, B Pozanenko, A Nissinen, M Sahu, DK Im, M Ukwatta, TN Andreev, M Klunko, E Volnova, A Akerlof, CW Anto, P Barthelmy, SD Breeveld, A Carsenty, U Castillo-Carrion, S Castro-Tirado, AJ Chester, MM Chuang, CJ Cunniffe, R Postigo, AD Duffard, R Flewelling, H Gehrels, N Guver, T Guziy, S Hentunen, VP Huang, KY Jelinek, M Koch, TS Kubanek, P Kuin, P McKay, TA Mottola, S Oates, SR O'Brien, P Ohno, M Page, MJ Pandey, SB del Pulgar, CP Rujopakarn, W Rykoff, E Salmi, T Sanchez-Ramirez, R Schaefer, BE Sergeev, A Sonbas, E Sota, A Tello, JC Yamaoka, K Yost, SA Yuan, F AF Zheng, W. Shen, R. F. Sakamoto, T. Beardmore, A. P. De Pasquale, M. Wu, X. F. Gorosabel, J. Urata, Y. Sugita, S. Zhang, B. Pozanenko, A. Nissinen, M. Sahu, D. K. Im, M. Ukwatta, T. N. Andreev, M. Klunko, E. Volnova, A. Akerlof, C. W. Anto, P. Barthelmy, S. D. Breeveld, A. Carsenty, U. Castillo-Carrion, S. Castro-Tirado, A. J. Chester, M. M. Chuang, C. J. Cunniffe, R. Postigo, A. De Ugarte Duffard, R. Flewelling, H. Gehrels, N. Guever, T. Guziy, S. Hentunen, V. P. Huang, K. Y. Jelinek, M. Koch, T. S. Kubanek, P. Kuin, P. McKay, T. A. Mottola, S. Oates, S. R. O'Brien, P. Ohno, M. Page, M. J. Pandey, S. B. Perez del Pulgar, C. Rujopakarn, W. Rykoff, E. Salmi, T. Sanchez-Ramirez, R. Schaefer, B. E. Sergeev, A. Sonbas, E. Sota, A. Tello, J. C. Yamaoka, K. Yost, S. A. Yuan, F. TI PANCHROMATIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE TEXTBOOK GRB 110205A: CONSTRAINING PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF PROMPT EMISSION AND AFTERGLOW SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 110205A) ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; INITIAL LORENTZ FACTOR; INTERNAL-SHOCK MODEL; X-RAY; LIGHT CURVES; OPTICAL-EMISSION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; REVERSE SHOCK; RELATIVISTIC SHOCK; DENSITY-JUMP AB We present a comprehensive analysis of a bright, long-duration (T-90 similar to 257 s) GRB 110205A at redshift z = 2.22. The optical prompt emission was detected by Swift/UVOT, ROTSE-IIIb, and BOOTES telescopes when the gamma-ray burst (GRB) was still radiating in the gamma-ray band, with optical light curve showing correlation with gamma-ray data. Nearly 200 s of observations were obtained simultaneously from optical, X-ray, to gamma-ray (1 eV to 5 MeV), which makes it one of the exceptional cases to study the broadband spectral energy distribution during the prompt emission phase. In particular, we clearly identify, for the first time, an interesting two-break energy spectrum, roughly consistent with the standard synchrotron emission model in the fast cooling regime. Shortly after prompt emission (similar to 1100 s), a bright (R = 14.0) optical emission hump with very steep rise (alpha similar to 5.5) was observed, which we interpret as the reverse shock (RS) emission. It is the first time that the rising phase of an RS component has been closely observed. The full optical and X-ray afterglow light curves can be interpreted within the standard reverse shock (RS) + forward shock (FS) model. In general, the high-quality prompt and afterglow data allow us to apply the standard fireball model to extract valuable information, including the radiation mechanism (synchrotron), radius of prompt emission (R-GRB similar to 3 x 10(13) cm), initial Lorentz factor of the outflow (Gamma(0) similar to 250), the composition of the ejecta (mildly magnetized), the collimation angle, and the total energy budget. C1 [Zheng, W.; Akerlof, C. W.; McKay, T. A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Shen, R. F.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Sakamoto, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sakamoto, T.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Astrophys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Beardmore, A. P.; O'Brien, P.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [De Pasquale, M.; Breeveld, A.; Kuin, P.; Oates, S. R.; Page, M. J.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Wu, X. F.; Zhang, B.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Wu, X. F.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Gorosabel, J.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cunniffe, R.; Duffard, R.; Guziy, S.; Jelinek, M.; Kubanek, P.; Sanchez-Ramirez, R.; Sota, A.; Tello, J. C.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Urata, Y.; Chuang, C. J.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Sugita, S.] Nagoya Univ, EcoTopia Sci Inst, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan. [Pozanenko, A.] Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Nissinen, M.; Hentunen, V. P.; Salmi, T.] Taurus Hill Observ, Kangaslampi 79480, Finland. [Sahu, D. K.; Anto, P.] Indian Inst Astrophys, CREST, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India. [Im, M.] Seoul Natl Univ, FPRD, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Explorat Origin Universe, Seoul, South Korea. [Ukwatta, T. N.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Andreev, M.; Sergeev, A.] RAS, Inst Astron, Terskol Branch, Kabardino Balkaria Repub 361605, Russia. [Andreev, M.; Sergeev, A.] NASU, Int Ctr Astron & Medicoecol Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. [Klunko, E.] Inst Solar Terr Phys, Irkutsk 664033, Russia. [Volnova, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Carsenty, U.; Mottola, S.] DLR, Inst Planetary Res, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Castillo-Carrion, S.; Perez del Pulgar, C.] Univ Malaga, Dept EVLT, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. [Chester, M. M.; Koch, T. S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Postigo, A. De Ugarte] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Flewelling, H.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Guever, T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Huang, K. Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Ohno, M.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Pandey, S. B.] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci ARIES, Manora Peak 263129, Nainital, India. [Rujopakarn, W.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rykoff, E.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Laboratoy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schaefer, B. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Sonbas, E.] Adiyaman Univ, Dept Phys, TR-02040 Adiyaman, Turkey. [Sonbas, E.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Yamaoka, K.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Yost, S. A.] Coll St Benedict, Dept Phys, Collegeville, MN 56321 USA. [Yuan, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. RP Zheng, W (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM zwk@umich.edu; rfshen@astro.utoronto.ca; zhang@physics.unlv.edu RI Rujopakarn, Wiphu/E-7849-2012; Im, Myungshin/B-3436-2013; Duffard, Rene/A-2233-2009; McKay, Timothy/C-1501-2009; Guver, Tolga/B-1039-2014; Kubanek, Petr/G-7209-2014; Jelinek, Martin/E-5290-2016; Wu, Xuefeng/G-5316-2015; OI Im, Myungshin/0000-0002-8537-6714; de Ugarte Postigo, Antonio/0000-0001-7717-5085; McKay, Timothy/0000-0001-9036-6150; Guver, Tolga/0000-0002-3531-9842; Jelinek, Martin/0000-0003-3922-7416; Wu, Xuefeng/0000-0002-6299-1263; Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563; Rujopakarn, Wiphu/0000-0002-0303-499X; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056; Sanchez-Ramirez, Ruben/0000-0002-7158-5099 FU NASA [NNX08AV63G, NNX10AD48G]; NSF [PHY-0801007, AST-0908362]; NSERC; UK Space Agency; CRI [2009-0063616]; MEST of the Korean government; Spanish Junta de Andalucia [FQM-02192]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AYA 2009-14000-C03-01, AYA2008-03467/ESP]; UK STFC; [CE11E0090] FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. This research is supported by the NASA grant NNX08AV63G and the NSF grant PHY-0801007. R.F.S. is supported by an NSERC Discovery grant. A.P.B., A.A.B., N.P.K., M.J.P., and S.R.O. acknowledge the support from the UK Space Agency. B.Z. acknowledges NASA NNX10AD48G and NSF AST-0908362 for support. M.I. acknowledges support from the CRI grant 2009-0063616, funded by MEST of the Korean government. The Centre for All-sky Astrophysics is an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence, funded by grant CE11E0090. This research made use of public data supplied by the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. This work has been supported by Spanish Junta de Andalucia through program FQM-02192 and from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through Projects (including FEDER funds) AYA 2009-14000-C03-01 and AYA2008-03467/ESP. We thank INTA and EELM-CSIC for hosting the BOOTES observatories. The work is based partly on data acquired at the Centro Astronomico Hispano Aleman (CAHA) de Calar Alto and Observatorio de Sierra Nevada (OSN). This research was also supported by the UK STFC. NR 148 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 18 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 AR 90 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/90 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 944LU UT WOS:000304204600011 ER PT J AU Aluie, H Li, ST Li, H AF Aluie, Hussein Li, Shengtai Li, Hui TI CONSERVATIVE CASCADE OF KINETIC ENERGY IN COMPRESSIBLE TURBULENCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; methods: numerical; turbulence ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; FLOWS AB The physical nature of compressible turbulence is of fundamental importance in a variety of astrophysical settings. We investigate the question: "At what scales does the mechanism of pressure-dilatation operate?" and present the first direct evidence that mean kinetic energy cascades conservatively beyond a transitional "conversion" scale range despite not being an invariant of the dynamics. We use high-resolution 1024(3) subsonic and transonic simulations. The key quantity we measure is the pressure-dilatation cospectrum, E-PD(k), where we show that it decays at a rate faster than k(-1) in wavenumber in at least the subsonic and transonic regimes. This is sufficient to imply that mean pressure-dilatation acts primarily at large scales and that kinetic and internal energy budgets statistically decouple beyond a transitional scale range. However, we observe that small-scale dynamics remains highly compressible locally in space and that the statistical decoupling in the energy budgets is unrelated to the existence of a subsonic scale range. Our results suggest that an extension of Kolmogorov's inertial-range theory to compressible turbulence is possible. C1 [Aluie, Hussein] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Aluie, Hussein; Li, Shengtai] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Math & Plasma Grp T5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Li, Hui] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Astrophys & Cosmol Grp T2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Aluie, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Li, Shengtai/0000-0002-4142-3080 FU NSF [PHY-0903872]; U.S. DOE at LANL [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LANL/LDRD; DOE/Office of Fusion Energy Science through NSF Center for Magnetic Self-Organization FX We thank J. Cho for providing us with his forcing subroutine. H. A. thanks R. Ecke, G. Eyink, S. Girimaji, S. Kurien, and D. Livescu for useful discussions. H. A. acknowledges partial support from NSF grant PHY-0903872 during a visit to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. This research was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE at LANL under contract no. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and supported by the LANL/LDRD program and by the DOE/Office of Fusion Energy Science through NSF Center for Magnetic Self-Organization. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 AR L29 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/751/2/L29 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 944LY UT WOS:000304205000007 ER PT J AU Cronauer, DC Elam, JW Kropf, AJ Marshall, CL Gao, P Hopps, S Jacobs, G Davis, BH AF Cronauer, Donald C. Elam, Jeffrey W. Kropf, A. Jeremy Marshall, Christopher L. Gao, Pei Hopps, Shelley Jacobs, Gary Davis, Burtron H. TI Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Preconditioning Effects Upon Co-Containing Promoted and Unpromoted Catalysts SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fischer-Tropsch; Catalyst pretreatment; Promoters; Cobalt; Alumina; Incipient wetness impregnation; Atomic layer deposition; TPR; EXAFS; XANES ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; IN-SITU EXAFS; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILM GROWTH; L-III EDGES; BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; CO/AL2O3 CATALYSTS; REDUCTION PROPERTY; COBALT CATALYSTS; TPR AB In the preparation and evaluation of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) catalysts, active catalysts formed by both incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) of major components were demonstrated. ALD-deposited Co on a silica support was more effective than a similar catalyst deposited upon a support of ALD-deposited Al2O3 on silica. The addition of Co reduction promoters including Pt, Ir and Ru using either ALD or IWI has been shown to strongly affect the catalyst pre-conditioning step. CO conversion results were consistent with previously reported Temperature Programmed Reduction X-ray Absorption Near-edge Structure/Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy (TPR-XANES/EXAFS) experiments observing the nature of chemical transformations occurring during the activation of cobalt-based FT catalysts in hydrogen. Specifically, there exists a 2-step reduction process involving Co3O4 to CoO and CoO to Co-0 transformations. The extent of catalyst preconditioning was strongly affected by the reduction temperature (with 400 A degrees C preferred) and the loading of the promoter. This was demonstrated using a continuous-flow catalytic-bed unit with a 2:1 molar blend of H-2:CO, at temperatures ranging from about 260 to 300 A degrees C, pressures averaging 1.3 MPa (190 psia), and gas space velocities about 24 NL/h-g. C1 [Cronauer, Donald C.; Elam, Jeffrey W.; Kropf, A. Jeremy; Marshall, Christopher L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gao, Pei; Hopps, Shelley; Jacobs, Gary; Davis, Burtron H.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. RP Cronauer, DC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dccronauer@anl.gov RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015; Jacobs, Gary/M-5349-2015 OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648; Jacobs, Gary/0000-0003-0691-6717 FU NASA [NNX07AB93A]; Commonwealth of Kentucky; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) [AA-10-15, 49261-00-107]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy; MRCAT; Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT); UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work carried out at the CAER was supported in part by funding from a grant from NASA (#NNX07AB93A), as well as the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Argonne's research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) under Project AA-10-15; 49261-00-107. The use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. J.W. Elam was supported as part of the Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science. The SEM scans were prepared by D.J. Schroeder and A. Hubaud using a FEI Quanta 400F ESEM unit. The electron microscopy was accomplished at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 6 BP 698 EP 713 DI 10.1007/s10562-012-0818-0 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 947BM UT WOS:000304401600006 ER PT J AU Rangan, M Yung, MM Medlin, JW AF Rangan, Meghana Yung, Matthew M. Medlin, J. Will TI NiW and NiRu Bimetallic Catalysts for Ethylene Steam Reforming: Alternative Mechanisms for Sulfur Resistance SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Electronic structure; Sulfur; Ethylene; NiRu; DFT ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; AB-INITIO; BIOMASS GASIFICATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PRODUCE HYDROGEN; METAL-SURFACES; FUEL-CELLS; DEACTIVATION; ADSORPTION; NICKEL AB Previous investigations of Ni-based catalysts for the steam reforming of hydrocarbons have indicated that the addition of a second metal can reduce the effects of sulfur poisoning. Two systems that have previously shown promise for such applications, NiW and NiRu, are considered here for the steam reforming of ethylene, a key component of biomass derived tars. Monometallic and bimetallic Al2O3-supported Ni and W catalysts were employed for ethylene steam reforming in the presence and absence of sulfur. The NiW catalysts were less active than Ni in the absence of sulfur, but were more active in the presence of 50 ppm H2S. The mechanism for the W-induced improvements in sulfur resistance appears to be different from that for Ru in NiRu. To probe reasons for the sulfur resistance of NiRu, the adsorption of S and C2H4 on several bimetallic NiRu alloy surfaces ranging from 11 to 33 % Ru was studied using density functional theory (DFT). The DFT studies reveal that sulfur adsorption is generally favored on hollow sites containing Ru. Ethylene preferentially adsorbs atop the Ru atom in all the NiRu (111) alloys investigated. By comparing trends across the various bimetallic models considered, sulfur adsorption was observed to be correlated with the density of occupied states near the Fermi level while C2H4 adsorption was correlated with the number of unoccupied states in the d-band. The diverging mechanisms for S and C2H4 adsorption allow for bimetallic surfaces such as NiRu that enhance ethylene binding without accompanying increases in sulfur binding energy. In contrast, bimetallics such as NiSn and NiW appear to decrease the affinity of the surface for both the reagent and the poison. . C1 [Rangan, Meghana; Medlin, J. Will] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Yung, Matthew M.] Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Medlin, JW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM will.medlin@colorado.edu FU National Renewable Energy Laboratory [KXEA-3-33606-26]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-99-GO-10337] FX Research funding from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory through subcontract KXEA-3-33606-26 and from the U.S. Department of Energy's Biomass Program Contract DE-AC36-99-GO-10337 are gratefully acknowledged. This research utilized the NCSA-Teragrid system and the high-performance computing cluster carbon at Argonne National Laboratory. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 49 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 6 BP 718 EP 727 DI 10.1007/s10562-012-0830-4 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 947BM UT WOS:000304401600008 ER PT J AU Fulvio, PF Mayes, RT Bauer, JC Wang, XQ Mahurin, SM Veith, GM Dai, S AF Fulvio, Pasquale F. Mayes, Richard T. Bauer, John C. Wang, Xiqing Mahurin, Shannon M. Veith, Gabriel M. Dai, Sheng TI "One-pot" synthesis of phosphorylated mesoporous carbon heterogeneous catalysts with tailored surface acidity SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article DE Soft-templating; Mesoporous carbon; Phosphorylation; Ammonia-TPD; Isopropanol dehydration ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; NICKEL NANOPARTICLES; NITROGEN ADSORPTION; THERMAL-STABILITY; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; ACTIVATION; RESIN; FUNCTIONALIZATION; DEHYDRATION; PERFORMANCE AB Soft-templated phosphorylated mesoporous carbons with homogeneous distributions of phosphate groups were prepared by a "one-pot" synthesis method using mixtures of phosphoric acid with hydrochloric, or nitric acids in the presence of Pluronic F127 triblock copolymer. Adjusting the various ratios of phosphoric acid used in these mixtures resulted in carbons with distinct adsorption, structural and surface acidity properties. The pore size distributions (PSDs) from nitrogen adsorption at -196 degrees C showed that mesoporous carbons exhibit specific surface areas as high as 551 m(2)/g and mesopores as large as 13 nm. Both structural ordering of the mesopores and the final phosphate contents were strongly dependent on the ratios of H3PO4 in the synthesis gels, as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The number of surface acid sites determined from temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) were in the range of 0.3-1.5 mmol/g while the active surface areas are estimated to comprise 5-54% of the total surface areas. Finally, the conversion temperatures for the isopropanol dehydration were lowered by as much as 100 degrees C by transitioning from the least acidic to the most acidic catalysts surface. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fulvio, Pasquale F.; Mayes, Richard T.; Bauer, John C.; Wang, Xiqing; Mahurin, Shannon M.; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Veith, Gabriel M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dais@ornl.gov RI Wang, Xiqing/E-3062-2010; Bauer, John/J-3150-2012; Fulvio, Pasquale/B-2968-2014; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015; Mayes, Richard/G-1499-2016 OI Wang, Xiqing/0000-0002-1843-008X; Fulvio, Pasquale/0000-0001-7580-727X; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Mayes, Richard/0000-0002-7457-3261 FU Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [ERKCC61]; U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Materials Sciences & Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC05-OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX P.F.F. and S. M. M. were supported as part of the Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number ERKCC61. R. T. M. was supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. G. M. V. was supported by Materials Sciences & Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. X. Q. W., J.C.B., and S. D. were supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Dept. of Energy under contract DE-AC05-OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 82 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 EI 1873-4308 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 186 IS 1 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.08.004 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 945FZ UT WOS:000304259800003 ER PT J AU Bailey, KL Tilton, F Jansik, DP Ergas, SJ Marshall, MJ Miracle, AL Wellman, DM AF Bailey, Kathryn L. Tilton, Fred Jansik, Danielle P. Ergas, Sarina J. Marshall, Matthew J. Miracle, Ann L. Wellman, Dawn M. TI Growth inhibition and stimulation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 by surfactants and calcium polysulfide SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Foam delivery; Amendment; Remediation; Microbial communities; Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 ID METAL-REDUCING BACTERIA; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; REACTIVE BARRIER; HEAVY-METALS; TOXICITY; URANIUM; REMEDIATION; SOIL; BIODEGRADATION AB Foam delivery technology (FDT) uses surfactant based foam to immobilize subsurface contaminants in situ. Where traditional approaches are impractical, FDT has the potential to overcome many of the technical challenges facing the remediation of contaminated deep vadose zone environments. However, little is known about the effects these reactive chemicals may have on microorganisms inhabiting the contaminated subsurface. In addition, there are currently no standard assays to assess microbial responses to subsurface remedial treatments while these agents are under development. The objective of this study was to develop a rapid laboratory assay to assess the potential growth inhibition and/or stimulation of microorganisms following exposure to candidate FDT components. Calcium polysulfide (CPS) and several surfactants (i.e. sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) and NINOL40-CO) have diverse chemistries and are candidate components of FDT. Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cultures were exposed to a range of concentrations of these chemicals to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the growth and viability potential of these components. Concentrations of SDS higher than 700 mu M were toxic to S. oneidensis MR-1 growth over the course of four days of exposure. The relative acute toxicity order for these compounds was SDS >> CPS >> NINOL 40-CO > SLES >= CAPB. Dose dependent growth decreases (20-100 mM) were observed in the CAPB and SLES treated cultures and both CPS and NINOL 40-CO were toxic at all concentrations tested (1.45-7.25 mM CPS). Both SLES (20-100 mM) and SDS at lower concentrations (20-500 mu M) were stimulatory to S. oneidensis MR-1 indicating a capacity to be used as a carbon source. These studies also identified potentially key component characteristics, such as precipitate formation and oxygen availability, which may prove valuable in assessing the response of subsurface microorganisms. This benchtop system provides a capability to assess adverse microbial-remediation responses and contributes to the development of in situ remedial chemistries before they are deployed in the field. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Bailey, Kathryn L.; Ergas, Sarina J.] Univ S Florida, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Tilton, Fred; Jansik, Danielle P.; Marshall, Matthew J.; Miracle, Ann L.; Wellman, Dawn M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bailey, KL (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM klbaile3@mail.usf.edu RI Ergas, Sarina/B-5489-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy-Environmental Management, Office of Groundwater and Soil Remediation; PNNL Laboratory [62132]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation S-STEM [0807023]; National GEM Consortium; USF College of Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RL01830] FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy-Environmental Management, Office of Groundwater and Soil Remediation and PNNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Project #62132 awarded to F. Tilton. Kathryn Bailey is supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Graduate Minority Program, the National Science Foundation S-STEM award DUE #0807023, The National GEM Consortium, and the USF College of Engineering. This work was conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 51 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 80 BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.02.027 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 946FQ UT WOS:000304337300028 PM 22444725 ER PT J AU Jessop, PG Mercer, SM Heldebrant, DJ AF Jessop, Philip G. Mercer, Sean M. Heldebrant, David J. TI CO2-triggered switchable solvents, surfactants, and other materials SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID REVERSIBLE IONIC LIQUIDS; RECYCLABLE VOLATILE SALTS; AQUEOUS 2-PHASE SYSTEMS; AMMONIA-CARBON DIOXIDE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY; EMULSION POLYMERIZATION; FERROCENYL SURFACTANT; OSMOSIS DESALINATION; LATENT GELATORS AB Waste CO2 at atmospheric pressure can be used to trigger dramatic changes in the properties of certain switchable materials. Compared to other triggers such as light, acids and oxidants, CO2 has the advantages that it is inexpensive, nonhazardous, non-accumulating in the system, easily removed, and it does not require the material to be transparent. Known CO2-triggered switchable materials now include solvents, surfactants, solutes, catalysts, particles, polymers, and gels. These have also been described as "smart" materials or, for some of the switchable solvents, "reversible ionic liquids''. The added flexibility of switchable materials represents a new strategy for minimizing energy and material consumption in process and product design. C1 [Jessop, Philip G.; Mercer, Sean M.] Queens Univ, Dept Chem, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Heldebrant, David J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99356 USA. RP Jessop, PG (reprint author), Queens Univ, Dept Chem, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. EM jessop@chem.queensu.ca; david.heldenbrant@pnl.gov FU Walter C. Sumner Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Energy Conversion Initiative FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Walter C. Sumner Foundation and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and PGJ thanks the Canada Research Chairs Program for salary support, the Killam Trusts for teaching release, and GreenCentre Canada and all coauthors on the "switchable chemistry" papers for their help and advice. DJH thanks the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Energy Conversion Initiative for financial support and Dr John Linehan for fruitful discussions. NR 106 TC 130 Z9 137 U1 33 U2 298 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 EI 1754-5706 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 7240 EP 7253 DI 10.1039/c2ee02912j PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 946MD UT WOS:000304354900002 ER PT J AU Middleton, RS Keating, GN Stauffer, PH Jordan, AB Viswanathan, HS Kang, QJJ Carey, JW Mulkey, ML Sullivan, EJ Chu, SPP Esposito, R Meckel, TA AF Middleton, Richard S. Keating, Gordon N. Stauffer, Philip H. Jordan, Amy B. Viswanathan, Hari S. Kang, Qinjun J. Carey, J. William Mulkey, Marc L. Sullivan, Enid J. Chu, Shaoping P. Esposito, Richard Meckel, Timothy A. TI The cross-scale science of CO2 capture and storage: from pore scale to regional scale SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; POROUS-MEDIA; SEQUESTRATION SITE; IMMISCIBLE DROPLET; SALINE AQUIFERS; SYSTEM MODEL; FRESH-WATER; DISPLACEMENT; DEPLOYMENT; BOLTZMANN AB We describe state-of-the-art science and technology related to modeling of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) at four different process scales: pore, reservoir, site, and region scale. We present novel research at each scale to demonstrate why each scale is important for a comprehensive understanding of CCS. Further, we illustrate research linking adjacent process scales, such that critical information is passed from one process scale to the next adjacent scale. We demonstrate this cross-scale approach using real world CO2 capture and storage data, including a scenario managing CO2 emissions from a large U.S. electric utility. At the pore scale, we present a new method for incorporating pore-scale surface tension effects into a relative permeability model of CO2-brine multiphase flow at the reservoir scale. We benchmark a reduced complexity model for site-scale analysis against a rigorous physics-based reservoir simulator, and include new system level considerations including local site-scale pipeline routing analysis (i.e., reservoir to site scale). We also include costs associated with brine production and treatment at the site scale, a significant issue often overlooked in CCS studies. All models that comprise our total system include parameter uncertainty which leads to results that have ranges of probability. Results suggest that research at one scale is able to inform models at adjacent process scales, and that these scale connections can inform policy makers and utility managers of overall system behavior including the impacts of uncertainty. C1 [Middleton, Richard S.; Keating, Gordon N.; Stauffer, Philip H.; Jordan, Amy B.; Viswanathan, Hari S.; Kang, Qinjun J.; Carey, J. William; Chu, Shaoping P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mulkey, Marc L.] W Virginia Univ, Davis Coll Agr Forestry & Consumer Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Sullivan, Enid J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Esposito, Richard] So Co Generat, Birmingham, AL 35291 USA. [Meckel, Timothy A.] Univ Texas Austin, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. RP Middleton, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rsm@lanl.gov RI Middleton, Richard/A-5470-2011; Kang, Qinjun/A-2585-2010; OI Kang, Qinjun/0000-0002-4754-2240; Middleton, Richard/0000-0002-8039-6601; Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X FU U.S.-China Advanced Coal Technology Consortium (under management of West Virginia University); DOE Office of Fossil Energy through the NETL; Department of Energy's Fossil Energy Research Development [2003030]; U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD [20100025DR] FX This work was funded by the U.S.-China Advanced Coal Technology Consortium (under management of West Virginia University), the DOE Office of Fossil Energy through the NETL Carbon Program, the Department of Energy's Fossil Energy Research & Development- American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (2009) Geological Sequestration project 2003030 (under management of the Texas Bureau of Economic Geology), and the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program (#20100025DR). We thank Mark Porter and Ethan Coon for their contributions in developing Taxila LBM and for providing Fig. 3. Insightful comments from two anonymous reviewers have significantly improved this paper. NR 77 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 30 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 7328 EP 7345 DI 10.1039/c2ee03227a PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 946MD UT WOS:000304354900007 ER PT J AU Eisaman, MD Parajuly, K Tuganov, A Eldershaw, C Chang, NR Littau, KA AF Eisaman, Matthew D. Parajuly, Keshav Tuganov, Alexander Eldershaw, Craig Chang, Norine Littau, Karl A. TI CO2 extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN STORAGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SEPARATION AB An efficient method for extracting the dissolved CO2 in the oceans would effectively enable the separation of CO2 from the atmosphere without the need to process large volumes of air, and could provide a key step in the synthesis of renewable, carbon-neutral liquid fuels. While the extraction of CO2 from seawater has been previously demonstrated, many challenges remain, including slow extraction rates and poor CO2 selectivity, among others. Here we describe a novel solution to these challenges-efficient CO2 extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED). We characterize the performance of a custom designed and built CO2-from-seawater prototype, demonstrating the ability to extract 59% of the total dissolved inorganic carbon from seawater as CO2 gas with an electrochemical energy consumption of 242 kJ mol(-1)(CO2). C1 [Eisaman, Matthew D.; Parajuly, Keshav; Tuganov, Alexander; Eldershaw, Craig; Chang, Norine; Littau, Karl A.] PARC, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Eisaman, MD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM meisaman@bnl.gov RI Eisaman, Matthew/E-8006-2011 OI Eisaman, Matthew/0000-0002-3814-6430 FU DARPA [HR001110-C-0147] FX We thank F. Torres, D. Bar, and M. Steinberg for helpful discussions, and three anonymous reviewers for useful suggestions. This work was supported by DARPA contract HR001110-C-0147. The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this article are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies, either expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the Department of Defense. Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 54 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 7346 EP 7352 DI 10.1039/c2ee03393c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 946MD UT WOS:000304354900008 ER PT J AU Bhat, KS Haran, M Olson, R Keller, K AF Bhat, K. Sham Haran, Murali Olson, Roman Keller, Klaus TI Inferring likelihoods and climate system characteristics from climate models and multiple tracers SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE computer model calibration; Bayesian hierarchical modeling; Gaussian process; computer experiments; multivariate spatial data; climate change ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; LARGE SPATIAL DATASETS; CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; COMPUTER-MODEL; DIAPYCNAL DIFFUSIVITY; OCEANS CLIMATE; PREDICTION; OUTPUT; CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS; COREGIONALIZATION AB Characterizing the risks of anthropogenic climate change poses considerable statistical challenges. A key problem is how to combine the information contained in large-scale observational data sets with simulations of Earth system models in a statistically sound and computationally tractable manner. Here, we describe a statistical approach for improving projections of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). The AMOC is part of the global ocean conveyor belt circulation and transfers heat between low and high latitudes in the Atlantic basin. The AMOC might collapse in a tipping point response to anthropogenic climate forcings. Assessing the risk of an AMOC collapse is of considerable interest because it may result in major impacts on natural and human systems. AMOC projections rely on simulations from complex climate models. One key source of uncertainty in AMOC projections is uncertainty about background ocean vertical diffusivity (Kv), an important model parameter. Kv cannot be directly observed but can be inferred by combining climate model output with observations on the oceans (so-called tracers). Here, we combine information from multiple tracers, each observed on a spatial grid. Our two-stage approach emulates the computationally expensive climate model using a flexible hierarchical model to connect the tracers. We then infer Kv using our emulator and the observations via a Bayesian approach, accounting for observation error and model discrepancy. We utilize kernel mixing and matrix identities in our Gaussian process model to considerably reduce the computational burdens imposed by the large data sets. We find that our approach is flexible, reduces identifiability issues, and enables inference about Kv based on large data sets. We use the resulting inference about Kv to improve probabilistic projections of the AMOC. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Bhat, K. Sham] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Haran, Murali] Penn State Univ, Dept Stat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Olson, Roman; Keller, Klaus] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Keller, Klaus] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Bhat, KS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bhat9999@lanl.gov RI Keller, Klaus/A-6742-2013 FU National Science Foundation; US Geological Survey; Penn State Center for Risk Management; Climate Science for a Sustainable Energy Future FX This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation, the US Geological Survey, Penn State Center for Risk Management, and the Climate Science for a Sustainable Energy Future. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this work are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding entities. The authors thank Andreas Schmittner for providing the output of the published runs. The authors also thank Nathan Urban, Rui Paulo, Andreas Schmittner, Dave Higdon, Jim Gattiker, Mike Hamada, Matt Pratola, and Kary Myers for helpful comments. NR 79 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 EI 1099-095X J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 4 BP 345 EP 362 DI 10.1002/env.2149 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 947OQ UT WOS:000304439800007 ER PT J AU Gingerich, AJ Bellgraph, BJ Brown, RS Tavan, NT Deng, ZD Brown, JR AF Gingerich, Andrew J. Bellgraph, Brian J. Brown, Richard S. Tavan, Noel T. Deng, Z. Daniel Brown, Joseph R. TI Quantifying reception strength and omnidirectionality of underwater radio telemetry antennas: Advances and applications for fisheries research SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Underwater; Radio biotelemetry; Antenna; Signal strength ID RIVER; RADIOTELEMETRY; TRANSMITTERS AB Radio telemetry is used in many freshwater fisheries applications as a tool to study fish behavior; however, the limited ability of radio signals to travel through the water (up to 15 m) limits the ability to detect fish located in deep-water habitats with conventional aerial antennas. Underwater radio antennas are seldom used in aquatic research relative to aerial applications, but are very useful in detecting organisms at depth. To add to this knowledge base, we report on the reception characteristics of two types of underwater radio antennas relatively new to the fisheries field, the turnstile and balanced loop-vee antennas, and compare these to an underwater dipole antenna, which has been more commonly used for fisheries research compared to the formerly mentioned antennas. Reception strength and omnidirectionality of the three antenna types were tested in the laboratory. Maximum detection range of antennas was also quantified in the field using a commonly employed radio telemetry system. Results indicate that the balanced loop-vee antenna had stronger overall reception strength (-36.84 dBm) than either the turnstile (-43.72 dBm) or dipole (-43.72 dBm) antennas; the balanced loop-vee was also the most omnidirectional (i.e., lowest variance, SD=0.42) of the three armored underwater antenna types. Further, the XY plane of the balanced loop-vee had stronger reception strength (-32.71 dBm) than all other plane/antenna combinations. Field testing results confirmed that the balanced loop-vee antenna had the strongest reception strength of all antenna types and detected radio transmitters as far as 15 m through water. The dipole and turnstile antennas were able to detect transmitters as far as 9 m and 12 m through water, respectively. The reception characteristics of the balanced loop-vee antenna demonstrate its usefulness as a tool for aquatic telemetry research. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gingerich, Andrew J.; Bellgraph, Brian J.; Brown, Richard S.; Tavan, Noel T.; Deng, Z. Daniel] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gingerich, AJ (reprint author), Publ Util 1 Douglas Cty, 1151 Valley Mall Pkwy, E Wenatchee, WA 98802 USA. EM andrewg@dcpud.org RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 FU Idaho Power Company FX We thank Scott Titzler, John Stephenson, Tylor Abel, Jayson Martinez, David Geist and Brett Pflugrath of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for laboratory or field assistance. We are also grateful to Ken Lepla, Phil Bates and James Chandler of Idaho Power Company whose funding of a study in 2002 provided much of the impetus for the exploration of new underwater radio antenna technologies. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is owned by the U.S. Department of Energy and operated by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DEAC05-76RL01830. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 121 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.01.003 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 944RY UT WOS:000304222700001 ER PT J AU Brown, RS Pflugrath, BD Colotelo, AH Brauner, CJ Carlson, TJ Deng, ZD Seaburg, AG AF Brown, Richard S. Pflugrath, Brett D. Colotelo, Alison H. Brauner, Colin J. Carlson, Thomas J. Deng, Z. Daniel Seaburg, Adam G. TI Pathways of barotrauma in juvenile salmonids exposed to simulated hydroturbine passage: Boyle's law vs. Henry's law SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Barotrauma; Mortality; Juvenile salmonids; Hydropower ID COLUMBIA-RIVER; FISH; DECOMPRESSION; TRANSMITTERS AB On their seaward migration, juvenile salmonids commonly pass hydroelectric dams. Fish passing by the turbine blade may experience rapid decompression, the severity of which can be highly variable and may result in a number of barotraumas. The mechanisms of these injuries can be due to expansion of existing bubbles or gases coming out of solution: governed by Boyle's law and Henry's law, respectively. This paper combines re-analysis of published data with new experiments to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of injury and mortality for fish experiencing rapid decompression associated with hydroturbine passage. From these data it appears that the majority of decompression related injuries are due to the expansion of existing bubbles in the fish, particularly the expansion and rupture of the swim bladder. This information is particularly useful for fisheries managers and turbine manufacturers, demonstrating that reducing the rate of swim bladder ruptures by reducing the frequency of occurrence and severity of rapid decompression during hydroturbine passage could reduce the rates of injury and mortality for hydroturbine passed juvenile salmonids. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brown, Richard S.; Pflugrath, Brett D.; Colotelo, Alison H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Brauner, Colin J.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Carlson, Thomas J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. [Deng, Z. Daniel] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Seaburg, Adam G.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Columbia Basin Res, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Brown, RS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Rich.Brown@pnnl.gov RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Portland District; Symbiotics LLC.; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX Funding for the research described in this report was provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), Portland District and Symbiotics LLC. The authors thank USACE staff including Robert Johnson, Martin Ahmann, Dennis Schwartz, Mike Langeslay, Brad Eppard, and the USACE Turbine Survival Technical Team for their commitment, assistance, and oversight. We would also like to thank Symbiotics LLC staff Kai and Eric Steimle. The authors acknowledge staff from Priest Rapids, Leavenworth and Lyons Ferry fish hatcheries for providing fish for this study. This research required the assistance of many. The authors thank Jill Janak, Andy LeBarge, Tim Linley, Bob Mueller, Ricardo Walker of PNNL. We appreciate the editing assistance of Andrea Currie, PNNL. Statistical analysis and guidance were provided by John Skalski of the University of Washington. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory animal facilities used in this research are AAALAC-certified; fish were handled in accordance with federal guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals, and protocols for our study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Battelle-Pacific Northwest Division. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 121 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.01.006 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 944RY UT WOS:000304222700005 ER PT J AU Saumon, D Starrett, CE Kress, JD Clerouin, J AF Saumon, D. Starrett, C. E. Kress, J. D. Clerouin, J. TI The quantum hypernetted chain model of warm dense matter SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Equation of state; Warm dense matter; Average atom models; Ionization ID NUCLEUS-ELECTRON MODEL; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; LIQUID-METALS; PLASMAS; APPROXIMATION; HYDROGEN; EQUATION; ION AB Modeling warm dense matter, where a combination of partial ionization, partial electron degeneracy, and strong ion-ion and ion-electron coupling occur, is a frontier of equation of state research. We present the quantum hypernetted chain model which can be applied to studies of liquid metals, warm dense matter, and plasmas. This is an all-electron model that considers a mixture of a classical fluid of ions (with bound electrons) and a quantum electron fluid. The model describes self-consistently the structure of the ion fluid as well as the bound states of the ions and the non-linear response of the electron fluid. We present our initial results and compare them with experimental and ab initio results for liquid metals and low-temperature plasmas. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Saumon, D.; Starrett, C. E.; Kress, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Clerouin, J.] CEA, Ctr DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RP Saumon, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dsaumon@lanl.gov RI Clerouin, jean/D-8528-2015 OI Clerouin, jean/0000-0003-2144-2759 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank W. S. Daughton, J. A. Anta and G. Chabrier for their generous sharing of various codes and L.A. Collins for illuminating discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 BP 150 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2011.11.002 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 944XP UT WOS:000304237400003 ER PT J AU Iglesias, CA Sonnad, V AF Iglesias, Carlos A. Sonnad, Vijay TI Partially resolved transition array model for atomic spectra SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Plasma spectroscopy; Transition arrays; Opacity; Emissivity ID ENERGY-LEVELS; DISTRIBUTIONS; VARIANCE; OPACITY; PLASMAS AB The unresolved transition array (UTA) model of atomic spectra describes the lines in a configuration-to-configuration transition array with a single feature that conserves the total strength as well as the energy first and second strength-weighted moments. A new model is proposed that uses a relatively small detailed line-by-line calculation together with the extant variance formula to generate a series of Gaussians to describe the transition array. This partially resolved transition array (PRTA) model conserves the known array properties, yields improved higher moments, and systematically accounts for initial level populations. Numerical examples show that the PRTA model provides excellent fidelity to line-by-line methods using only a small fraction of the computational effort for the full calculations. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Iglesias, Carlos A.; Sonnad, Vijay] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Iglesias, CA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM iglesias1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX It is pleasure to thank Brian G. Wilson for reading the manuscript. Also thanks are due to the referees for valuable comments and corrections. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 BP 154 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2012.01.001 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 944XP UT WOS:000304237400004 ER PT J AU Sawada, H Yabuuchi, T Regan, SP Anderson, K Wei, MS Betti, R Hund, J Key, MH Mackinnon, AJ McLean, HS Paguio, RR Patel, PK Saito, KM Stephens, RB Wilks, SC Beg, FN AF Sawada, H. Yabuuchi, T. Regan, S. P. Anderson, K. Wei, M. S. Betti, R. Hund, J. Key, M. H. Mackinnon, A. J. McLean, H. S. Paguio, R. R. Patel, P. K. Saito, K. M. Stephens, R. B. Wilks, S. C. Beg, F. N. TI Diagnosing laser-driven, shock-heated foam target with Al absorption spectroscopy on OMEGA EP SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Laser-produced plasmas; Fast electron transport; FAST ignition AB Results on diagnoses of laser-driven, shock-heated foam plasma with time-resolved Al 1s-2p absorption spectroscopy are reported. Experiments were carried out to produce a platform for the study of relativistic electron transport. In cone-guided Fast Ignition (FI), relativistic electrons generated by a high-intensity, short-pulse igniter beam must be transported through a cone tip to an imploded core. Transport of the energetic electrons could be significantly affected by the temperature-dependent resistivity of background plasmas. The experiment was conducted using four UV beams of the OMEGA EP laser at the Laboratory For Laser Energetics. One UV beam (1.2 kJ, 3.5 ns square) was used to launch a shock wave into a foam package target, consisting of 200 mg/cm(3) CH foam with aluminum dopant and a solid plastic container surrounding the foam layer. The other three UV beams with the total energy of 3.2 kJ in 2.5 ns pulse duration were tightly focused onto a Sm dot target to produce a point X-ray source in the energy range of 1.4-1.6 key. The quasi-continuous X ray signal was transmitted through the shock-heated Al-doped, foam layer and recorded with an X-ray streak camera. The measured 1s-2p Al absorption features were analyzed using an atomic physics code FLYCHK. Electron temperature of 40 eV inferred from the spectral analysis is consistent with 2-D DRACO Radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. (C) 2012 Elsevier ay. All rights reserved. C1 [Sawada, H.; Yabuuchi, T.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Regan, S. P.; Anderson, K.; Betti, R.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Wei, M. S.; Hund, J.; Paguio, R. R.; Saito, K. M.; Stephens, R. B.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Key, M. H.; Mackinnon, A. J.; McLean, H. S.; Patel, P. K.; Wilks, S. C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sawada, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM hsawada@ucsd.edu RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Sawada, Hiroshi/Q-8434-2016; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Sawada, Hiroshi/0000-0002-7972-9894; Stephens, Richard/0000-0002-7034-6141 FU NNSA/US DOE [DE-FG52-09NA29033, DE-FC02-04ER54789, DE-FG02-05ER54834] FX The authors are grateful to B. Yaakobi and R.E. Bahr for diagnostic expertise, as well as to the OMEGA EP crew for the operations of four EP UV beams. The work was supported by NNSA/US DOE under Contracts DE-FG52-09NA29033 (NLUF), DE-FC02-04ER54789 (FSC), and DE-FG02-05ER54834 (ACE). NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 BP 180 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2012.03.002 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 944XP UT WOS:000304237400008 ER PT J AU Weller, ME Safronova, AS Kantsyrev, VL Esaulov, AA Coverdale, CA Chuvatin, AS Ouart, ND Williamson, KM Shrestha, I Osborne, GC Shlyaptseva, VV Keim, SF Stafford, A AF Weller, M. E. Safronova, A. S. Kantsyrev, V. L. Esaulov, A. A. Coverdale, C. A. Chuvatin, A. S. Ouart, N. D. Williamson, K. M. Shrestha, I. Osborne, G. C. Shlyaptseva, V. V. Keim, S. F. Stafford, A. TI Radiative properties of mixed nested cylindrical wire arrays on Zebra at UNR SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Z-pinches; Plasma focus; Wire array; X-ray spectra; Radiative properties; Nested cylindrical wire arrays; Inertial confinement fusion ID Z-PINCHES; IMPLOSIONS; POWER AB The dynamics of mixed nested cylindrical wire arrays were studied at the UNR Zebra generator with our existing theoretical and experimental tools to better understand the contributions of each array to the emitted radiation. In particular, experimental results of mixed brass (70% Cu, 30% Zn) and Al (5056, 5% Mg) nested cylindrical wire arrays are analyzed and compared. The loads used brass in the inner array and Al in the outer array, or alternately, Al in the inner array and brass in the outer array, with a mass ratio of 1:1 (outer to inner). Consequently, radiative properties of K-shell Al and Mg ions and L-shell Cu and Zn ions are compared as functions of the placements of the brass and Al wires on the inner and outer arrays. Results show that the placement of brass and Al, whether on the inner or outer array, dramatically affects the intensity of the X-ray emission. Specifically, the ratio of Cu L-shell to Al K-shell emissions changed from 4 when Al is in the outer array to 40 when brass is in the outer array, and the total radiated yield was highest when the brass was on the outer array (18 kJ, versus 15 kJ when brass is on the inner array). Each load was fielded twice to vary the timing of the time-gated imaging and spectral diagnostics. This provides a more complete understanding of the evolution of the plasma parameters over the X-ray pulse and highlights the importance of the time-gated diagnostics. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Weller, M. E.; Safronova, A. S.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Esaulov, A. A.; Williamson, K. M.; Shrestha, I.; Osborne, G. C.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.; Keim, S. F.; Stafford, A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Coverdale, C. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Chuvatin, A. S.] Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Ouart, N. D.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Weller, ME (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM mweller@unr.edu FU DOE/NNSA [DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC52-06NA27586, DE-FC52-06NA27616]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Work was supported by DOE/NNSA under Cooperative Agreements DE-FC52-06NA27588, DE-FC52-06NA27586, and in part by DE-FC52-06NA27616. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1818 J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS JI High Energy Density Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 8 IS 2 BP 184 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2012.03.004 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 944XP UT WOS:000304237400009 ER PT J AU Cao, RW Cheng, M Mi, C Hua, W Wang, X Zhao, WX AF Cao, Ruiwu Cheng, Ming Mi, Chris Hua, Wei Wang, Xin Zhao, Wenxiang TI Modeling of a Complementary and Modular Linear Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Motor for Urban Rail Transit Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION LA English DT Article DE Flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) motor; linear motor; modeling ID INDUCTION-MOTORS; DESIGN; MACHINE AB In this paper, a complementary and modular linear flux-switching permanent magnet (MLFSPM) motor is investigated, in which both the magnets and armature windings are placed in the short mover, while the long stator consists of iron core only. The proposed MLFSPM motor incorporates the high power density of a linear permanent magnet synchronous motor and the simple structure of a linear induction motor. It is especially suitable for long stator applications such as urban rail transit. The objective of this paper is to build the mathematical model for the purpose of control of this motor. The simulation results by means of finite-element analysis (FEA) verified the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of this model. Both the analytical model and the FEA results are validated by experiments based on a prototype motor. C1 [Cao, Ruiwu; Cheng, Ming; Hua, Wei; Wang, Xin] Southeast Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cao, Ruiwu; Mi, Chris] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. [Mi, Chris] Univ Michigan, DOE GATE Ctr Elect Drive Transportat, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. [Zhao, Wenxiang] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Elect & Informat Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Peoples R China. RP Cao, RW (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM ruiwucao@gmail.com; mcheng@seu.edu.cn; mi3032@gmail.com; huawei1978@seu.edu.cn; 18724015102@163.com; zwx@ujs.edu.cn RI Mi, Chunting/E-3769-2013; OI Mi, Chunting/0000-0002-5471-8953; Zhao, Wenxiang/0000-0002-4444-6595 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50907031]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20090092110034]; Program for Postgraduate Research Innovation in the University of Jiangsu Province [X10B_066Z] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Project 50907031, by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Project 20090092110034, and by the Program for Postgraduate Research Innovation in the University of Jiangsu Province 2010 under Project X10B_066Z. Paper no. TEC-00516-2011. NR 23 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 20 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8969 J9 IEEE T ENERGY CONVER JI IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 489 EP 497 DI 10.1109/TEC.2012.2190985 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 945BG UT WOS:000304247200028 ER PT J AU Kaplan, JB Lo, C Xie, G Johnson, SL Chain, PSG Donnelly, R Kachlany, SC Balashova, NV AF Kaplan, Jeffrey B. Lo, Chienchi Xie, Gary Johnson, Shannon L. Chain, Patrick S. G. Donnelly, Robert Kachlany, Scott C. Balashova, Nataliya V. TI Genome Sequence of Kingella kingae Septic Arthritis Isolate PYKK081 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN AB Kingella kingae is a human oral bacterium that can cause infections of the skeletal system in children. The bacterium is also a cardiovascular pathogen causing infective endocarditis in children and adults. We report herein the draft genome sequence of septic arthritis K. kingae strain PYKK081. C1 [Kaplan, Jeffrey B.; Donnelly, Robert; Kachlany, Scott C.; Balashova, Nataliya V.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Dent Sch, Dept Oral Biol, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Lo, Chienchi; Xie, Gary; Johnson, Shannon L.; Chain, Patrick S. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Genome Biol Grp, Oralgen Team, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Balashova, NV (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Dent Sch, Dept Oral Biol, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. EM balashnv@umdnj.edu RI chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; OI Johnson, Shannon/0000-0002-3972-9208; Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634; xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X FU NIH [AI080844, Y1-DE-6006-02]; American Heart Association [09SDG2310194] FX This work was supported by NIH grant AI080844 and American Heart Association grant 09SDG2310194 to N.V.B. G.X., CL., and P.S.G.C. were partially supported by NIH contract Y1-DE-6006-02. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 11 BP 3017 EP 3017 DI 10.1128/JB.00421-12 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 944TX UT WOS:000304227800029 PM 22582375 ER PT J AU Martinez, RJ Bruce, D Detter, C Goodwin, LA Han, J Han, CS Held, B Land, ML Mikhailova, N Nolan, M Pennacchio, L Pitluck, S Tapia, R Woyke, T Sobeckya, PA AF Martinez, Robert J. Bruce, David Detter, Chris Goodwin, Lynne A. Han, James Han, Cliff S. Held, Brittany Land, Miriam L. Mikhailova, Natalia Nolan, Matt Pennacchio, Len Pitluck, Sam Tapia, Roxanne Woyke, Tanja Sobeckya, Patricia A. TI Complete Genome Sequence of Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.65 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; RESISTANT BACTERIA; RHIZOSPHERE; PATIENT; COMMUNITY; SOILS AB Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.65 is a gammaproteobacterium isolated from a drinking water source in Lille, France. Here we report the complete genome sequence of Rahnella aquatilis CIP 78.65, the type strain of R. aquatilis. C1 [Martinez, Robert J.; Sobeckya, Patricia A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Han, Cliff S.; Held, Brittany; Tapia, Roxanne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Han, James; Mikhailova, Natalia; Nolan, Matt; Pennacchio, Len; Pitluck, Sam; Woyke, Tanja] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Martinez, RJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM rmartinez@ua.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Martinez, Robert/0000-0003-0836-4776 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63906] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and U.S. Department of Energy grant no. DE-FG02-04ER63906. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 11 BP 3020 EP 3021 DI 10.1128/JB.00380-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 944TX UT WOS:000304227800032 PM 22582378 ER PT J AU Medlin, DL Yang, NYC AF Medlin, D. L. Yang, N. Y. C. TI Interfacial Step Structure at a (0001) Basal Twin in Bi2Te3 SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Grain boundaries; twins; dislocations; electron microscopy; bismuth telluride; thermoelectrics ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; GRAIN-BOUNDARY STRUCTURES; HEXAGONAL CLOSE PACKING; N-TYPE; THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ANNEALING TWINS; ALLOYS; FILMS; BI; TE AB At present, little is known concerning the atomic-scale structure of grain boundaries in Bi2Te3 and related thermoelectric materials. As twins are perhaps the simplest possible type of grain boundary, they provide a good starting point for studies of interface structure in this class of materials. Here, we present an electron microscopic study of an interfacial step observed at a (0001) basal twin boundary in Bi2Te3. We discuss the crystallography of defects at twins in Bi2Te3 by considering the geometric implications for differently terminated step arrangements and comparing the defect configurations anticipated for deformation and annealing/growth twins. Finally, we consider the observed defect in this framework and discuss its relationship to analogous features in face-centered-cubic metals, namely the {112}-type interfaces that are commonly observed terminating {111} growth and annealing twins in these materials. This analysis provides insight concerning the relationships of dislocations to twin formation and morphology in Bi2Te3. C1 [Medlin, D. L.; Yang, N. Y. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Medlin, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM dlmedli@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia LDRD office FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Support for this work was provided in part by the Sandia LDRD office. The authors are grateful to Dr. Zhihui Zhang and Professor Enrique Lavernia, University of California, Davis, for assistance with the spark plasma sintering, and to Dr. John Bradley for allowing use of the aberration-corrected Titan microscope at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1456 EP 1464 DI 10.1007/s11664-011-1859-7 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 944LZ UT WOS:000304205100080 ER PT J AU Beekman, M Cogburn, G Heideman, C Rouvimov, S Zschack, P Neumann, W Johnson, DC AF Beekman, M. Cogburn, G. Heideman, C. Rouvimov, S. Zschack, P. Neumann, W. Johnson, D. C. TI New Layered Intergrowths in the Sn-Mo-Se System SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Thermoelectric; intergrowth; semiconductor; synthesis; novel materials; thin film; modulated elemental reactants AB Several new metastable layered intergrowths based on tin monoselenide and molybdenum diselenide, [(SnSe)(1+) ] [MoSe2] , have been prepared by self-assembly from elemental nanolaminate precursors deposited by physical vapor deposition. The thin-film specimens were characterized by laboratory x-ray reflectivity and diffraction, synchrotron x-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, and scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques, all of which indicate the formation of intergrowths with precise layering and well-defined composition. Analysis of in-plane diffraction originating from the individual components yields a structural misfit of = 0.06 and suggests turbostratic misorientation of the individual layers. In contrast to most known [(MX)(1+) ] [TX2] -type chalcogenide compounds, electrical transport data for the [(SnSe)(1+) ](1)[MoSe2](1) composition are consistent with semiconducting behavior. C1 [Beekman, M.; Cogburn, G.; Heideman, C.; Neumann, W.; Johnson, D. C.] Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Rouvimov, S.] Portland State Univ, Dept Phys, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Zschack, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Beekman, M.] Oregon Inst Technol, Dept Nat Sci, Klamath Falls, OR USA. [Heideman, C.] Eastern Oregon Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Grande, OR USA. RP Beekman, M (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM matt.beekman@oit.edu; davej@uoregon.edu RI Beekman, Matt/I-4470-2014 OI Beekman, Matt/0000-0001-9694-2286 FU National Science Foundation [DMR 0103409, CHE-0847970]; ONR [N00014-07-0358]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX The authors thank Jenia Karapetrova for assistance in synchrotron XRD data collection, John Donavon for assistance in EPMA data collection, and Dr. Michael Anderson and Dr. Ian Anderson for preliminary TEM data collection. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation under Grants DMR 0103409 and CCI Grant Number CHE-0847970 and by ONR Grant No. N00014-07-0358. Research at the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 92 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1476 EP 1480 DI 10.1007/s11664-012-1971-3 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 944LZ UT WOS:000304205100083 ER PT J AU Wu, CI Todorov, I Kanatzidis, MG Timm, E Case, ED Schock, H Hogan, TP AF Wu, Chun-I Todorov, Ilyia Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Timm, Edward Case, Eldon D. Schock, Harold Hogan, Timothy P. TI Thermoelectric Properties of Pulsed Electric Current Sintered Samples of AgPbmSbSe17 (m=16 or 17) SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Thermoelectric materials; lead chalcogenide; pulsed electric current sintering ID TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; DEVICES; DENSIFICATION; SRTIO3; GROWTH; MERIT; PBTE AB Lead chalcogenide materials have drawn attention in recent years because of their outstanding thermoelectric properties. Bulk -type materials of AgPb SbTe2+ have been reported to exhibit high figure of merit, , as high as 1.7 at 700 K. Recent reports have shown -type lead selenide-based compounds with comparable . The analogous material AgPb SbSe17 shares a similar cubic rock-salt structure with PbTe-based compounds; however, it exhibits a higher melting point, and selenium is more abundant than tellurium. Using solid solution chemistry, we have fabricated cast AgPb15SbSe17 samples that show a peak power factor of approximately 17 W/cm K-2 at 450 K. Increasing the strength of such materials is commonly achieved through powder processing, which also helps to homogenize the source materials. Pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) is a hot-pressing technique that utilizes electric current through the die and sample for direct Joule heating during pressing. The mechanisms present during PECS processing have captured significant research interest and have led to some notable improvements in sample properties compared with other densification techniques. We report the thermoelectric properties of PECS samples of AgPb SbSe17 along with sample fabrication and processing details. C1 [Wu, Chun-I; Hogan, Timothy P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Todorov, Ilyia; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL USA. [Timm, Edward; Schock, Harold] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Case, Eldon D.; Hogan, Timothy P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Todorov, Ilyia; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wu, CI (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM wuchuni@msu.edu; hogant@egr.msu.edu FU Revolutionary Materials for Solid State Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-SC001054] FX This work is supported as part of the Revolutionary Materials for Solid State Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science under Award Number DE-SC001054. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1579 EP 1582 DI 10.1007/s11664-011-1845-0 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 944LZ UT WOS:000304205100100 ER PT J AU Biswas, K Subramanian, MA Good, MS Roberts, KC Hendricks, TJ AF Biswas, Krishnendu Subramanian, M. A. Good, Morris S. Roberts, Kamandi C. Hendricks, Terry J. TI Thermal Cycling Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type In,Ce-Based Skutterudite Compounds SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE In,Ce-based skutterudites; thermoelectric; thermal cycling; structural properties ID PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; MERIT AB n-Type In-filled CoSb3 is a known skutterudite compound that has shown promising thermoelectric (TE) properties resulting in high dimensionless figure of merit values at elevated temperatures. Use in various waste heat recovery applications will require survival and operation after exposure to harsh thermal cycling environments. This research focused on uncovering the thermal cycling effects on TE properties of -type In0.2Co4Sb12 and In0.2Ce0.15Co4Sb12 skutterudite compositions as well as quantifying their temperature-dependent structural properties (elastic modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio). It was observed that the Seebeck coefficient and resistivity increased only slightly in the double-filled In,Ce skutterudite materials upon thermal cycling. In the In-filled skutterudites the Seebeck coefficient remained approximately the same on thermal cycling, while the electrical resistivity increased significantly after thermal cycling. Results also show that the thermal conductivity marginally decreases in the case of In-filled skutterudites, whereas the reduction is more pronounced in In,Ce-based skutterudite compounds. The possible reason for this kind of reduction can be attributed to grain pinning effects due to formation of nanoinclusions. High-temperature structural property measurements (i.e., Young's modulus and shear modulus) are also reported. The results show that these structural properties decrease slowly as temperature increases and that the compounds are structurally stable after numerous (up to 200) thermal cycles. C1 [Biswas, Krishnendu; Subramanian, M. A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Good, Morris S.; Roberts, Kamandi C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hendricks, Terry J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, MicroProd Breakthrough Inst, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Biswas, K (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM terry.hendricks@pnl.gov RI Biswas, Krishnendu/C-1076-2013 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Office of Vehicle Technology (OVT); DOE-OVT FX This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830 with the U. S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.; The authors sincerely thank the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Vehicle Technology (OVT), Jerry Gibbs, Propulsion Materials Technology Manager, DOE-OVT, and John Fairbanks, Thermoelectric Technology Manager, DOE-OVT, for their support of this research and development. The authors also thank Don Higgins, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MicroProducts Breakthrough Institute, Corvallis, OR for his invaluable support and dedication in preparing test samples and performing thermal cycling runs for this work. The authors also thank Bruce Watson, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA for his great efforts in fabricating the high-temperature structural transducers and structural test chamber used in this work. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1615 EP 1621 DI 10.1007/s11664-012-1975-z PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 944LZ UT WOS:000304205100106 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Karri, NK Gogna, PK Chase, JR Fleurial, JP Hendricks, TJ AF Krishnan, Shankar Karri, Naveen K. Gogna, Pawan K. Chase, Jordan R. Fleurial, Jean-Pierre Hendricks, Terry J. TI Progress Towards an Optimization Methodology for Combustion-Driven Portable Thermoelectric Power Generation Systems SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Thermoelectric generator; heat transfer; system analysis AB There is enormous military and commercial interest in developing quiet, lightweight, and compact thermoelectric (TE) power generation systems. This paper investigates design integration and analysis of an advanced TE power generation system implementing JP-8 fueled combustion and thermal recuperation. In the design and development of this portable TE power system using a JP-8 combustor as a high-temperature heat source, optimal process flows depend on efficient heat generation, transfer, and recovery within the system. The combustor performance and TE subsystem performance were coupled directly through combustor exhaust temperatures, fuel and air mass flow rates, heat exchanger performance, subsequent hot-side temperatures, and cold-side cooling techniques and temperatures. Systematic investigation and design optimization of this TE power system relied on accurate thermodynamic modeling of complex, high-temperature combustion processes concomitantly with detailed TE converter thermal/mechanical modeling. To this end, this paper reports integration of system-level process flow simulations using CHEMCAD (TM) commercial software with in-house TE converter and module optimization, and heat exchanger analyses using COMSOL (TM) software. High-performance, high-temperature TE materials and segmented TE element designs are incorporated in coupled design analyses to achieve predicted TE subsystem-level conversion efficiencies exceeding 10%. These TE advances are integrated with a high-performance microtechnology combustion reactor based on recent advances at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Predictions from this coupled simulation approach lead directly to system efficiency-power maps defining potentially available optimal system operating conditions and regimes. Further, it is shown that, for a given fuel flow rate, there exists a combination of recuperative effectiveness and hot-side heat exchanger effectiveness that provides a higher specific power output from the TE modules. This coupled simulation approach enables pathways for integrated use of high-performance combustor components, high-performance TE devices, and microtechnologies to produce a compact, lightweight, combustion-driven TE power system prototype that operates on common fuels. C1 [Krishnan, Shankar; Hendricks, Terry J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, MicroProd Breakthrough Inst, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Karri, Naveen K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Gogna, Pawan K.; Chase, Jordan R.; Fleurial, Jean-Pierre] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hendricks, Terry J.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Krishnan, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MicroProd Breakthrough Inst, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM hendrickst@battelle.org FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; US Army Logistics Innovation Agency FX This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.; The authors would like to thank and acknowledge the US Army Logistics Innovation Agency and Mr. Sam Cooper for their support of this work. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1622 EP 1631 DI 10.1007/s11664-012-1964-2 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 944LZ UT WOS:000304205100107 ER PT J AU Sivagnanam, K Raghavan, VGS Shah, M Hettich, RL Verberkmoes, NC Lefsrud, MG AF Sivagnanam, Kumaran Raghavan, Vijaya G. S. Shah, Manesh Hettich, Robert L. Verberkmoes, Nathan C. Lefsrud, Mark G. TI Shotgun proteomic monitoring of Clostridium acetobutylicum during stationary phase of butanol fermentation using xylose and comparison with the exponential phase SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Butanol; ABE fermentation; Clostridium acetobutylicum; Shotgun proteomics; Xylose ID SPECTRAL ABUNDANCE FACTORS; COMMUNITY PROTEOMICS; ATCC-824; GENE; SOLVENTOGENESIS; METABOLISM; CULTURES; GENOMES; GLUCOSE; CLONING AB Economically viable production of solvents through acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation requires a detailed understanding of Clostridium acetobutylicum. This study focuses on the proteomic profiling of C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 from the stationary phase of ABE fermentation using xylose and compares with the exponential growth by shotgun proteomics approach. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed 22.9% of the C. acetobutylicum genome and 18.6% was found to be common in both exponential and stationary phases. The proteomic profile of C. acetobutylicum changed during the ABE fermentation such that 17 proteins were significantly differentially expressed between the two phases. Specifically, the expression of five proteins namely, CAC2873, CAP0164, CAP0165, CAC3298, and CAC1742 involved in the solvent production pathway were found to be significantly lower in the stationary phase compared to the exponential growth. Similarly, the expression of fucose isomerase (CAC2610), xylulose kinase (CAC2612), and a putative uncharacterized protein (CAC2611) involved in the xylose utilization pathway were also significantly lower in the stationary phase. These findings provide an insight into the metabolic behavior of C. acetobutylicum between different phases of ABE fermentation using xylose. C1 [Sivagnanam, Kumaran; Raghavan, Vijaya G. S.; Lefsrud, Mark G.] McGill Univ, Dept Bioresource Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Shah, Manesh; Hettich, Robert L.; Verberkmoes, Nathan C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Life Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Lefsrud, MG (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Bioresource Engn, Macdonald Campus, Montreal, PQ, Canada. EM kumaran.sivagnanam@mail.mcgill.ca; vijaya.raghavan@mcgill.ca; shahmb@ornl.gov; hettichrl@ornl.gov; verberkmoesn@ornl.gov; mark.lefsrud@mcgill.ca RI Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016 OI Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX The ORNL part of this research was sponsored in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. We thank Dr. Tim Geary and Dr. Robert Kearney from McGill University for guiding with the proteomic data analysis and interpretation. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 6 BP 949 EP 955 DI 10.1007/s10295-012-1094-0 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 947BS UT WOS:000304402200015 PM 22395897 ER PT J AU Ziomek-Moroz, M AF Ziomek-Moroz, M. TI Environmentally Assisted Cracking of Drill Pipes in Deep Drilling Oil and Natural Gas Wells SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE deep drilling; environmentally assisted cracking; high strength low alloy steels; sour gas wells ID CORROSION FATIGUE; FAILURE ANALYSIS; CARBON STEEL AB Corrosion fatigue (CF), hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and sulfide stress cracking (SSC), or environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) have been identified as the most challenging causes of catastrophic brittle fracture of drill pipes during drilling operations of deep oil and natural gas wells. Although corrosion rates can be low and tensile stresses during service can be below the material yield stress, a simultaneous action between the stress and corrosive environment can cause a sudden brittle failure of a drill component. Overall, EAC failure consists of two stages: incubation and propagation. Defects, such as pits, second-phase inclusions, etc., serve as preferential sites for the EAC failure during the incubation stage. Deep oil and gas well environments are rich in chlorides and dissolved hydrogen sulfide, which are extremely detrimental to steels used in drilling operations. This article discusses catastrophic brittle fracture mechanisms due to EAC of drill pipe materials, and the corrosion challenges that need to be overcome for drilling ultra-deep oil and natural gas wells. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Ziomek-Moroz, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA. EM Margaret.Ziomek-Moroz@NETL.DOE.GOV NR 32 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1061 EP 1069 DI 10.1007/s11665-011-9956-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 944ZB UT WOS:000304241200037 ER PT J AU Altheimer, A Arora, S Asquith, L Brooijmans, G Butterworth, J Campanelli, M Chapleau, B Cholakian, AE Chou, JP Dasgupta, M Davison, A Dolen, J Ellis, SD Essig, R Fan, JJ Field, R Fregoso, A Gallicchio, J Gershtein, Y Gomes, A Haas, A Halkiadakis, E Halyo, V Hoeche, S Hook, A Hornig, A Huang, P Izaguirre, E Jankowiak, M Kribs, G Krohn, D Larkoski, AJ Lath, A Lee, C Lee, SJ Loch, P Maksimovic, P Martinez, M Miller, DW Plehn, T Prokofiev, K Rahmat, R Rappoccio, S Safonov, A Salam, GP Schumann, S Schwartz, MD Schwartzman, A Seymour, M Shao, J Sinervo, P Son, M Soper, DE Spannowsky, M Stewart, IW Strassler, M Strauss, E Takeuchi, M Thaler, J Thomas, S Tweedie, B Sierra, RV Vermilion, CK Villaplana, M Vos, M Wacker, J Walker, D Walsh, JR Wang, LT Wilbur, S Zhu, W AF Altheimer, A. Arora, S. Asquith, L. Brooijmans, G. Butterworth, J. Campanelli, M. Chapleau, B. Cholakian, A. E. Chou, J. P. Dasgupta, M. Davison, A. Dolen, J. Ellis, S. D. Essig, R. Fan, J. J. Field, R. Fregoso, A. Gallicchio, J. Gershtein, Y. Gomes, A. Haas, A. Halkiadakis, E. Halyo, V. Hoeche, S. Hook, A. Hornig, A. Huang, P. Izaguirre, E. Jankowiak, M. Kribs, G. Krohn, D. Larkoski, A. J. Lath, A. Lee, C. Lee, S. J. Loch, P. Maksimovic, P. Martinez, M. Miller, D. W. Plehn, T. Prokofiev, K. Rahmat, R. Rappoccio, S. Safonov, A. Salam, G. P. Schumann, S. Schwartz, M. D. Schwartzman, A. Seymour, M. Shao, J. Sinervo, P. Son, M. Soper, D. E. Spannowsky, M. Stewart, I. W. Strassler, M. Strauss, E. Takeuchi, M. Thaler, J. Thomas, S. Tweedie, B. Sierra, R. Vasquez Vermilion, C. K. Villaplana, M. Vos, M. Wacker, J. Walker, D. Walsh, J. R. Wang, L-T Wilbur, S. Zhu, W. TI Jet substructure at the Tevatron and LHC: new results, new tools, new benchmarks SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; HADRON-HADRON COLLISIONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; SHAPES; HERA; TEV; QCD; DISTRIBUTIONS; OBSERVABLES; ALGORITHM AB In this paper, we review recent theoretical progress and the latest experimental results in jet substructure from the Tevatron and the LHC. We review the status of and outlook for calculation and simulation tools for studying jet substructure. Following up on the report of the Boost 2010 workshop, we present a new set of benchmark comparisons of substructure techniques, focusing on the set of variables and grooming methods that are collectively known as 'top taggers'. To facilitate further exploration, we have attempted to collect, harmonize and publish software implementations of these techniques. C1 [Altheimer, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Cholakian, A. E.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. [Arora, S.; Gershtein, Y.; Halkiadakis, E.; Lath, A.; Strassler, M.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Asquith, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Butterworth, J.; Campanelli, M.; Davison, A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Chapleau, B.] McGill Univ, High Energy Phys Grp, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Cholakian, A. E.; Gallicchio, J.; Krohn, D.; Schwartz, M. D.; Walker, D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chou, J. P.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Dasgupta, M.; Fregoso, A.; Seymour, M.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Dolen, J.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ellis, S. D.; Hornig, A.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Essig, R.; Haas, A.; Hoeche, S.; Hook, A.; Izaguirre, E.; Jankowiak, M.; Larkoski, A. J.; Miller, D. W.; Schwartzman, A.; Strauss, E.; Wacker, J.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Essig, R.] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Essig, R.] Princeton Univ Sch Nat Sci, Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Fan, J. J.; Halyo, V.; Salam, G. P.; Wang, L-T; Zhu, W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Field, R.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gomes, A.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-1000149 Lisbon, Portugal. [Izaguirre, E.; Jankowiak, M.; Miller, D. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Huang, P.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kribs, G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kribs, G.; Soper, D. E.] Univ Oregon, Inst Theoret Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Lee, C.; Stewart, I. W.; Thaler, J.] MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Lee, S. J.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Loch, P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Martinez, M.] ICREA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Martinez, M.] Inst Fs dAltes Energies, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Plehn, T.; Takeuchi, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Prokofiev, K.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Rahmat, R.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Phys & Astron, University, MS 38677 USA. [Safonov, A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Salam, G. P.] CERN, Dept Phys, Theory Unit, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Salam, G. P.] UPMC Univ Paris 6, LPTHE, Paris, France. [Salam, G. P.] CNRS, UMR 7589, Paris, France. [Schumann, S.] Univ Gottingen, Phys Inst 2, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Shao, J.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Sinervo, P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Son, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Spannowsky, M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, IPPP, Durham, England. [Tweedie, B.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Vermilion, C. K.; Walsh, J. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vermilion, C. K.] Univ Louisville, Dept Phys & Astron, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Villaplana, M.; Vos, M.] IFIC CSIC UVEG, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia 46071, Spain. [Walsh, J. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wilbur, S.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Altheimer, A (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, 136 S Broadway, Irvington, NY 10533 USA. EM lasquith@hep.anl.gov; rappocc@fnal.gov; verm@uw.edu RI Villaplana Perez, Miguel/B-2717-2015; Son, Minho/N-9470-2015; OI Prokofiev, Kirill/0000-0002-2177-6401; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/0000-0002-0048-4602; Hoeche, Stefan/0000-0002-1370-6059; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Lee, Christopher/0000-0003-2385-7536; Huang, Peisi/0000-0003-3360-2641; Vos, Marcel/0000-0001-8474-5357; Salam, Gavin/0000-0002-2655-4373; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455; Lee, Seung J./0000-0002-7756-0407; Dasgupta, Mrinal/0000-0003-0204-8430 FU Princeton Center for Theoretical Science; US National Science Foundation [NSF-PHY-0969510, NSF-PHY-0705682, ARRA-NSF-0959141]; LHC Theory Initiative; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515, DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-FG02-98ER41089]; Office of Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-94ER40818]; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-09-BLAN-0060]; European Commission [PITN-GA-2010-264564] FX We thank the Princeton Center for Theoretical Science for hosting and providing financial support for BOOST 2011. SH, CKV and JRW were supported in part by the US National Science Foundation, grants NSF-PHY-0969510 and NSF-PHY-0705682, the LHC Theory Initiative, Jon Bagger, PI. SH's work was supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. JRW was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. IWS was supported in part by the Office of Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under the grant DE-FG02-94ER40818. GPS was supported in part by grants ANR-09-BLAN-0060 from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche and PITN-GA-2010-264564 from the European Commission. Computing resources were provided by the Universities of Washington and Louisville, supported by US National Science Foundation contract ARRA-NSF-0959141 and US Department of Energy contract DE-FG02-98ER41089. NR 111 TC 137 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 39 IS 6 AR 063001 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/39/6/063001 PG 44 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 944GS UT WOS:000304187900001 ER PT J AU Perry, NH Mason, TO Ma, CC Navrotsky, A Shi, YZ Bettinger, JS Toney, MF Paudel, TR Lany, S Zunger, A AF Perry, Nicola H. Mason, Thomas O. Ma, Chengcheng Navrotsky, Alexandra Shi, Yezhou Bettinger, Joanna S. Toney, Michael F. Paudel, Tula R. Lany, Stephan Zunger, Alex TI Co3O4-Co2ZnO4 spinels: The case for a solid solution SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Co3O4; ZnCo2O4; Calorimetry; Diffraction; Mixing thermodynamics; Electrical conductivity ID COBALT OXIDES; CO3O4; ZNCO2O4; BINARY AB In prior first-principles theoretical work we predicted a complete solid solution in the Co3O4-Co2ZnO4 system, with a negligibly small mixing enthalpy. In this work we tested this prediction on bulk, large-grained specimens across the Co3O4-Co(2)Zna(4) join, combining oxide melt solution calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, precise lattice parameter measurements, anomalous X-ray and neutron diffraction, and in situ electrical measurements. The calorimetric results confirm the presence of a solid solution at high temperatures, but with a large enthalpy of mixing that exceeds the predicted value. Because Co3O4 and Co2ZnO4 have essentially identical lattice parameters, this energetic destabilization must arise from factors other than the strain energy resulting from size mismatch. Changes in Co3+ spin states vs. temperature and zinc content are proposed to account for the positive excess enthalpy, and may also provide additional entropy to stabilize the solid solution at high temperature. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Perry, Nicola H.; Mason, Thomas O.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Ma, Chengcheng; Navrotsky, Alexandra] Univ Calif Davis, Peter A Rock Thermochem Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ma, Chengcheng; Navrotsky, Alexandra] Univ Calif Davis, NEAT ORU, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Shi, Yezhou; Bettinger, Joanna S.; Toney, Michael F.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Paudel, Tula R.; Lany, Stephan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Zunger, Alex] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Mason, TO (reprint author), 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM t-mason@northwestern.edu RI Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009; Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013; OI Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885 FU "Center for Inverse Design," an Energy Frontier Research Center; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; DOE Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-05ER15667]; MRSEC of the National Science Foundation at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University [DMR-0520513]; National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce FX This work was supported by the "Center for Inverse Design," an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under Grant No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. CM and AN acknowledge funding from DOE Basic Energy Sciences grant DE-FG02-05ER15667. The X-ray diffraction work was conducted in the J. B. Cohen X-Ray Diffraction Facility supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation (Grant No. DMR-0520513) at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. The anomalous X-ray diffraction work was carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U. S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this work. YS, JSB, and MET are grateful to Dr. Mark Green for his help with data collection and discussion about data refinement. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 66 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 190 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.02.022 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 945ND UT WOS:000304282300023 ER PT J AU Parra, MK Gallagher, TL Amacher, SL Mohandas, N Conboy, JG AF Parra, Marilyn K. Gallagher, Thomas L. Amacher, Sharon L. Mohandas, Narla Conboy, John G. TI Deep Intron Elements Mediate Nested Splicing Events at Consecutive AG Dinucleotides To Regulate Alternative 3 ' Splice Site Choice in Vertebrate 4.1 Genes SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRE-MESSENGER-RNA; PROTEIN 4.1B; SUPPRESSOR; PROMOTERS; MEMBRANE; EXONS; TRANSCRIPTION; ORGANIZATION; MODULATION; DOMAIN AB Distal intraexon (iE) regulatory elements in 4.IR pre-mRNA govern 3' splice site choice at exon 2 (E2) via nested splicing events, ultimately modulating expression of N-terminal isoforms of cytoskeletal 4.1R protein. Here we explored intrasplicing in other normal and disease gene contexts and found conservation of intrasplicing through vertebrate evolution. In the paralogous 4.1B gene, we identified similar to 120 kb upstream of E2 an ultradistal intraexon, le, that mediates intrasplicing by promoting two intricately coupled splicing events that ensure selection of a weak distal acceptor at E2 (E2dis) by prior excision of the competing proximal acceptor (E2prox). Mutating iE(B) in minigene splicing reporters abrogated intrasplicing, as did blocking endogenous iE(B) function with antisense morpholinos in live mouse and zebrafish animal models. In a human elliptocytosis patient with a mutant 4.1R gene lacking E2 through E4, we showed that aberrant splicing is consistent with iE(R)-mediated intrasplicing at the first available exons downstream of iE(R), namely, alternative E5 and constitutive E6. Finally, analysis of heterologous acceptor contexts revealed a strong preference for nested 3' splice events at consecutive pairs of AG dinucleotides. Distal regulatory elements may control intrasplicing at a subset of alternative 3' splice sites in vertebrate pre-mRNAs to generate proteins with functional diversity. C1 [Parra, Marilyn K.; Conboy, John G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gallagher, Thomas L.; Amacher, Sharon L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mohandas, Narla] New York Blood Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Conboy, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jgconboy@lbl.gov FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK32094, GM061952]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-ACO2-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants DK32094 (to M.N.) and GM061952 (to S.L.A.) and by the Director, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-ACO2-05CH11231.; J.G.C., M.P., and T.L.G. designed the experiments. M.P. performed the minigene and vivo-MO experiments, and T.L.G. carried out the zebrafish experiments. J.G.C., N.M., T.L.G., and S.L.A. wrote the manuscript.; We declare that we have no conflicts of interest. NR 31 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 11 BP 2044 EP 2053 DI 10.1128/MCB.05716-11 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 945RF UT WOS:000304293000001 PM 22473990 ER PT J AU De Rosa, RJ Patience, J Vigan, A Wilson, PA Schneider, A McConnell, NJ Wiktorowicz, SJ Marois, C Song, I Macintosh, B Graham, JR Bessell, MS Doyon, R Lai, O AF De Rosa, R. J. Patience, J. Vigan, A. Wilson, P. A. Schneider, A. McConnell, N. J. Wiktorowicz, S. J. Marois, C. Song, I. Macintosh, B. Graham, J. R. Bessell, M. S. Doyon, R. Lai, O. TI The Volume-limited A-Star (VAST) survey - II. Orbital motion monitoring of A-type star multiples SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: high angular resolution; binaries: close; binaries: general ID PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY; STELLAR KINEMATIC GROUPS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEM; NEAR-INFRARED CAMERA; URSA-MAJOR GROUP; BINARY STARS; SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES; PROTOSTELLAR DISCS; DYNAMICAL MASS AB As a part of our ongoing Volume-limited A-Star (VAST) adaptive optics survey, we have obtained observations of 26 binary systems with projected separations <100 au, 13 of which have sufficient historical measurements to allow for refinement of their orbital elements. For each system with an estimated orbit, the dynamical system mass obtained was compared with the system mass estimated from massmagnitude relations. Discrepancies between the dynamical and theoretical system mass can be explained by the presence of a previously unresolved spectroscopic component or by a non-solar metallicity of the system. Using this approach to infer the presence of additional companions, a lower limit to the fraction of binaries, triples and quadruples can be estimated as 39, 46 and 15 per cent for systems with at least one companion within 100 au. The fraction of multiple systems with three or more components shows a relative increase compared to the fraction for solar-type primaries resolved in previous volume-limited surveys. The observations have also revealed a pair of potentially young (<100 Myr) M dwarf companions, which would make an ideal benchmark for the theoretical models during the pre-main-sequence contraction phase for M dwarfs. In addition to those systems with orbit fits, we report 13 systems for which further orbital monitoring observations are required, 11 of which are newly resolved as a part of the VAST survey. C1 [De Rosa, R. J.; Patience, J.; Vigan, A.; Wilson, P. A.] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Schneider, A.; Song, I.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McConnell, N. J.; Wiktorowicz, S. J.; Graham, J. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wiktorowicz, S. J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Marois, C.] NRC Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Macintosh, B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Graham, J. R.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M55 3H8, Canada. [Bessell, M. S.] Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Inst Adv Studies, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Doyon, R.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Lai, O.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96745 USA. RP De Rosa, RJ (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Phys Bldg,Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. EM derosa@astro.ex.ac.uk OI Vigan, Arthur/0000-0002-5902-7828 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFCT) [ST/F003277/1, ST/H002707/1]; Leverhulme Trust [F/00144/BJ]; Royal Astronomical Society; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NSF Science and Technology CfAO; University of California [09-LR-118057-GRAJ]; NSF [AST-0909188]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors wish to express their gratitude for the constructive comments received from the referee, H. A. Abt. The authors also wish to express their gratitude to A. Tokovinin, B. Mason and W. Hartkopf for comments which helped improve the paper. We gratefully acknowledge several sources of funding. RJDR is funded through a studentship from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFCT) (ST/F 007124/1). JP is funded through support from the Leverhulme Trust (F/00144/BJ) and the STFC (ST/F003277/1, ST/H002707/1). RJDR gratefully acknowledges financial support received from the Royal Astronomical Society to fund collaborative visits. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under contract W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and also supported in part by the NSF Science and Technology CfAO, managed by the UC Santa Cruz under cooperative agreement AST 98-76783. This work was supported, through JRG, in part by University of California Lab Research Programme 09-LR-118057-GRAJ and NSF grant AST-0909188. This study is based on observations obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), which is operated by the National Research Council of Canada, the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France and the University of Hawaii. This study is also based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). The authors also wish to extend their gratitude to the staff at the Palomar Observatory and the UCO/Lick Observatory for their support and assistance provided during the course of the observations. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the Washington Double Star Catalogue maintained at the US Naval Observatory. NR 81 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 422 IS 4 BP 2765 EP 2785 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20397.x PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 945AV UT WOS:000304246100003 ER PT J AU Beresnyak, A AF Beresnyak, Andrey TI Basic properties of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the inertial range SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE MHD; turbulence ID STRONG IMBALANCED TURBULENCE; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; SCALING LAWS; ALFVENIC TURBULENCE; ANISOTROPY; SPECTRUM; FIELD AB We revisit the issue of the spectral slope of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the inertial range and argue that the numerics favour a GoldreichSridhar -5/3 slope rather than a -3/2 slope. We also perform precision measurements of the anisotropy of MHD turbulence and determine the anisotropy constant CA= 0.34 of Alfvenic turbulence. Together with the previously measured Kolmogorov constant CK= 4.2, or 3.3 for a purely Alfvenic case, it constitutes a full description of the MHD cascade in terms of spectral quantities, which is of high practical value for astrophysics. C1 [Beresnyak, Andrey] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Beresnyak, Andrey] Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. RP Beresnyak, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM andrey.at.astro@gmail.com OI Beresnyak, Andrey/0000-0002-2124-7024 FU LANL; Humboldt Fellowship FX I am grateful to Miriam Forman, Rob Wicks, Tim Horbury, Giga Gogoberidze, Alex Schekochihin and Steve Cowley for illuminating discussions. This work was supported by a LANL Director's Fellowship and a Humboldt Fellowship. Computations were performed on TACC Ranger through NSF TeraGrid allocation TG-AST080005N. NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 422 IS 4 BP 3495 EP 3502 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20859.x PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 945AV UT WOS:000304246100047 ER PT J AU Weisbach, DA AF Weisbach, David A. TI SHOULD ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES BE PRECAUTIONARY? SO NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Pigouvian taxation; environmental taxation; precautionary principle; climate change; real options; instrument choice ID STOCK EXTERNALITIES; IRREVERSIBILITY; UNCERTAINTY; EMISSIONS; PRINCIPLE AB The precautionary principle requires that we take additional actions to prevent harm when the harm from an activity is uncertain and possibly irreversible. This paper considers whether environmental or other Pigouvian taxes should be precautionary Should environmental taxes be set higher than otherwise if the harm from pollution is uncertain and irreversible and where we are likely to learn more about the nature of the harm in the future? It concludes that environmental taxes should be set equal to the expected marginal harm from pollution given the currently available information and should be neither raised or lowered because of the prospect of learning or irreversible harm. The reason is that taxes equal to expected marginal harm decentralize decisions to market participants who will, facing these taxes, make appropriate choices about the timing of pollution. Taxes act similarly to property rights in a complete market where market participants produce Pareto outcomes. There are a number of caveats to this conclusion including the possibility of endogenous learning, in which our understanding of the environmental effects of pollution or the available mitigation technologies depends on the level of taxation. C1 [Weisbach, David A.] Univ Chicago, Sch Law, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Weisbach, David A.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Weisbach, David A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA. RP Weisbach, DA (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Sch Law, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM d-weisbach@uchicago.edu NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATL TAX ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 725 15TH ST, N W #600, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-2109 USA SN 0028-0283 J9 NATL TAX J JI Natl. Tax J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 2 BP 453 EP 473 PG 21 WC Business, Finance; Economics SC Business & Economics GA 948GT UT WOS:000304492300008 ER PT J AU Gang, O AF Gang, Oleg TI COLLOIDAL SELF-ASSEMBLY Melting also on cooling SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT News Item ID NANOPARTICLE SUPERLATTICES; DNA; CRYSTALLIZATION C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gang, O (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ogang@bnl.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 BP 487 EP 488 DI 10.1038/nmat3344 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 946AO UT WOS:000304320300009 PM 22614511 ER PT J AU Collins, BA Cochran, JE Yan, H Gann, E Hub, C Fink, R Wang, C Schuettfort, T McNeill, CR Chabinyc, ML Ade, H AF Collins, B. A. Cochran, J. E. Yan, H. Gann, E. Hub, C. Fink, R. Wang, C. Schuettfort, T. McNeill, C. R. Chabinyc, M. L. Ade, H. TI Polarized X-ray scattering reveals non-crystalline orientational ordering in organic films SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID COPOLYMER THIN-FILMS; HIGH-MOBILITY; SOLAR-CELLS; DIFFRACTION MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-ORIENTATION; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; TRANSISTORS; SEMICONDUCTOR; PERFORMANCE AB Molecular orientation critically influences the mechanical, chemical, optical and electronic properties of organic materials. So far, molecular-scale ordering in soft matter could be characterized with X-ray or electron microscopy techniques only if the sample exhibited sufficient crystallinity. Here, we show that the resonant scattering of polarized soft X-rays (P-SoXS) by molecular orbitals is not limited by crystallinity and that it can be used to probe molecular orientation down to size scales of 10 nm. We first apply the technique on highly crystalline small-molecule thin films and subsequently use its high sensitivity to probe the impact of liquid-crystalline ordering on charge mobility in polymeric transistors. P-SoXS also reveals scattering anisotropy in amorphous domains of all-polymer organic solar cells where interfacial interactions pattern orientational alignment in the matrix phase, which probably plays an important role in the photophysics. The energy and q-dependence of the scattering anisotropy allows the identification of the composition and the degree of orientational order in the domains. C1 [Collins, B. A.; Yan, H.; Gann, E.; Ade, H.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cochran, J. E.; Chabinyc, M. L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Hub, C.; Fink, R.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, ICMM, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Wang, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schuettfort, T.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [McNeill, C. R.] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RP Collins, BA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mchabinyc@engineering.ucsb.edu; harald_ade@ncsu.edu RI Wang, Cheng /E-7399-2012; McNeill, Christopher/B-4530-2008; Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014; Gann, Eliot/A-5246-2014; Fink, Rainer/C-5333-2008; Fink, Rainer/F-8365-2010; Collins, Brian/M-5182-2013; Ade, Harald/E-7471-2011; YAN, HONGPING/N-7549-2013 OI McNeill, Christopher/0000-0001-5221-878X; Fink, Rainer/0000-0002-6896-4266; Fink, Rainer/0000-0002-6896-4266; Collins, Brian/0000-0003-2047-8418; YAN, HONGPING/0000-0001-6235-4523 FU DOE [DE-FG02-98ER45737, DE-AC02-05CH1123]; GAANN; ALS; NSF [DMR 0906457, ARRA, DMR 0906224]; BMBF [05 K10WEA]; EPSRC [EP/E051804/1]; ARC [FT100100275]; LDRD under DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Discussions with and help from A. L. D. Kilcoyne, T. Tyliszczak, T. Young, A. Hexemer, G. Cody, S. Kevan and J. Kortright are gratefully acknowledged. P-SoXS development and blend film characterization by B. A. C., H.Y., E. G. and H. A. are supported by DOE (DE-FG02-98ER45737), GAANN Fellowship (E. G.) and ALS Fellowship (H.Y.). Characterization of PBTTT films by B. A. C., H.Y. and H. A. are supported by NSF (DMR 0906457, ARRA). M. L. C. and J. E. C. are supported by NSF (DMR 0906224, ARRA). C. H. and R. F. are supported by BMBF (contract 05 K10WEA). C. R. M. acknowledges support from the EPSRC (EP/E051804/1) and ARC (FT100100275). We graciously thank I. McCulloch and M. Heeney (Imperial College, UK) for samples of PBTTT. Part of this research was undertaken on the soft X-ray beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, Victoria, Australia. Data were acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2., 7.3.3. and 5.3.2.2. at the ALS, which is supported by DOE (DE-AC02-05CH1123) and the LDRD programme under DOE (DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 47 TC 136 Z9 136 U1 10 U2 167 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 BP 536 EP 543 DI 10.1038/NMAT3310 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 946AO UT WOS:000304320300021 PM 22504534 ER PT J AU Subbaraman, R Tripkovic, D Chang, KC Strmcnik, D Paulikas, AP Hirunsit, P Chan, M Greeley, J Stamenkovic, V Markovic, NM AF Subbaraman, Ram Tripkovic, Dusan Chang, Kee-Chul Strmcnik, Dusan Paulikas, Arvydas P. Hirunsit, Pussana Chan, Maria Greeley, Jeff Stamenkovic, Vojislav Markovic, Nenad M. TI Trends in activity for the water electrolyser reactions on 3d M(Ni,Co,Fe,Mn) hydr(oxy)oxide catalysts SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN EVOLUTION; HYDROGEN EVOLUTION; ALKALINE-SOLUTIONS; OXIDE SURFACES; CO OXIDATION; ELECTRODES; NICKEL; TEMPERATURE; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTROCATALYSIS AB Design and synthesis of materials for efficient electrochemical transformation of water to molecular hydrogen and of hydroxyl ions to oxygen in alkaline environments is of paramount importance in reducing energy losses in water-alkali electrolysers. Here, using 3d-M hydr(oxy)oxides, with distinct stoichiometries and morphologies in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) regions, we establish the overall catalytic activities for these reaction as a function of a more fundamental property, a descriptor, OH-M2+delta bond strength (0 <= delta <= 1.5). This relationship exhibits trends in reactivity (Mn < Fe < Co < Ni), which is governed by the strength of the OH-M2+delta energetic (Ni < Co < Fe < Mn). These trends are found to be independent of the source of the OH, either the supporting electrolyte (for the OER) or the water dissociation product (for the HER). The successful identification of these electrocatalytic trends provides the foundation for rational design of 'active sites' for practical alkaline HER and OER electrocatalysts. C1 [Subbaraman, Ram; Tripkovic, Dusan; Chang, Kee-Chul; Strmcnik, Dusan; Paulikas, Arvydas P.; Stamenkovic, Vojislav; Markovic, Nenad M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Subbaraman, Ram] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Hirunsit, Pussana; Chan, Maria; Greeley, Jeff] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Subbaraman, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM markovic@anl.gov RI Chan, Maria /B-7940-2011; Chang, Kee-Chul/O-9938-2014 OI Chan, Maria /0000-0003-0922-1363; Chang, Kee-Chul/0000-0003-1775-2148 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Argonne National Laboratory FX Supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, US Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. R. S. would like to acknowledge the Argonne National Laboratory post-doctoral fellowship for his funding. NR 48 TC 373 Z9 373 U1 107 U2 733 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 BP 550 EP 557 DI 10.1038/NMAT3313 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 946AO UT WOS:000304320300023 PM 22561903 ER PT J AU Sabharwall, P Yoo, YJ Wu, Q Sienicki, JJ AF Sabharwall, Piyush Yoo, Yeon Jong Wu, Qiao Sienicki, James J. TI NATURAL CIRCULATION AND LINEAR STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR LIQUID-METAL REACTORS WITH THE EFFECT OF FLUID AXIAL CONDUCTION SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE linear perturbation analysis; fluid axial heat conduction; liquid metal reactors ID CONVECTION LOOP; FLOW; SYSTEM AB The effect of fluid axial thermal conduction on one-dimensional liquid metal natural circulation and its linear stability was performed through nondimensional analysis, steady-state assessment, and linear perturbation evaluation. The Nyquist criterion and a root-search method were employed to find the linear stability boundary of both forward and backward circulations. The study provided a relatively complete analysis method for one-dimensional natural circulation problems with the consideration of fluid axial heat conduction. The results suggest that fluid axial heat conduction in a natural circulation loop should be considered only when the modified Peclet number is similar to 1 or less, which is significantly smaller than the practical value of a lead liquid metal cooled reactor. C1 [Sabharwall, Piyush] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Yoo, Yeon Jong] NuScale Power, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Wu, Qiao] Oregon State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Sienicki, James J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sabharwall, P (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM piyush.sabharwall@inl.gov FU Argonne National Laboratory under the U.S. NERI FX This work was supported by Argonne National Laboratory under the U.S. NERI program. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 178 IS 3 BP 298 EP 317 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944XZ UT WOS:000304238400005 ER PT J AU Anderson, NA Sabharwall, P AF Anderson, N. A. Sabharwall, P. TI MOLTEN SALT MIXTURE PROPERTIES (KF-ZrF4 AND KCl-MgCl2) FOR USE IN RELAP5-3D FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE REACTOR APPLICATION SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE molten salt; NGNP; high-temperature reactor AB Molten salt coolants are being investigated as primary coolants for a fluoride high-temperature reactor and as secondary coolants for high-temperature reactors such as the next-generation nuclear plant. This work provides a review of the thermophysical properties of candidate molten salt coolants for use as a secondary heat transfer medium from a high-temperature reactor to a processing plant. The molten salts LiF-NaF-KF, KF-ZrF4, and KCl-MgCl2 were considered for use in the secondary coolant loop. The thermophysical properties necessary to add the molten salts KF-ZrF4 and KCl-MgCl2 to RELAP5-3D were gathered for potential modeling purposes. The properties of the molten salt LiF-NaF-KF were already available in RELAP5-3D. The effect that the uncertainty in individual properties had on the Nusselt number was evaluated. This uncertainty in the Nusselt number was shown to be nearly independent of the molten salt temperature. C1 [Anderson, N. A.; Sabharwall, P.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Anderson, NA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Nolan.Anderson@inl.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 178 IS 3 BP 335 EP 340 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944XZ UT WOS:000304238400008 ER PT J AU Siemer, DD AF Siemer, Darryl D. TI IMPROVING THE INTEGRAL FAST REACTOR'S PROPOSED SALT WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electrorefiner salt waste; vitrification; Integral Fast Reactor AB An often cited weakness of the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) concept is that the chloride salt based radioactive waste generated by its electrorefiner (ER) cannot be vitrified. Although that assertion is literally true, it is also misleading because it would be quite simple to recycle that waste's chloride and vitrify its cationic components (mostly alkali metals and fission products). Producing this alternative to Argonne National Laboratory's ceramic waste form would entail vitrification of a mixture of orthophosphoric acid, ferric oxide, and powdered ER salt with a melter able to efficiently disengage gas bubbles, e.g., a Stir Melter. The HCl evolved by this process would be absorbed by an aqueous lithium/potassium hydroxide scrub solution, which would then be dried and recycled as fresh ER electrolyte. Because radio iodide would otherwise accumulate in the ER salt, the caustic scrub solution would occasionally be contacted with cuprous or silver chloride before recycle. This scenario's primary advantages would be much lower cost and approximately fivefold greater effective waste loading. This paper describes the experimental work supporting these contentions. C1 [Siemer, Darryl D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Siemer, DD (reprint author), 12 N 3167 E, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM d.siemer@hotmail.com NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 178 IS 3 BP 341 EP 352 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944XZ UT WOS:000304238400009 ER PT J AU Kumar, D Finkenthal, M Stutman, D Bell, RE Clayton, DJ Diallo, A LeBlanc, BP Podesta, M Tritz, K AF Kumar, Deepak Finkenthal, Michael Stutman, Dan Bell, Ronald E. Clayton, Daniel J. Diallo, Ahmed LeBlanc, Ben P. Podesta, Mario Tritz, Kevin TI Impurity analysis of NSTX using a transmission grating-based imaging spectrometer SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; PLASMAS AB A transmission grating-based imaging spectrometer has recently been installed and operated on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at PPPL. This paper describes the spectral and spatial characteristics of impurity emission under different operating conditions of the experiment-neutral beam heated, ohmic heated and RF heated plasma. A typical spectrum from each scenario is analyzed to provide quantitative estimates of impurity fractions in the plasma. C1 [Kumar, Deepak; Finkenthal, Michael; Stutman, Dan; Clayton, Daniel J.; Tritz, Kevin] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bell, Ronald E.; Diallo, Ahmed; LeBlanc, Ben P.; Podesta, Mario] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Kumar, D (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM deepak@pha.jhu.edu RI Kumar, Deepak/G-6001-2014; Kumar, Deepak/J-3614-2015; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 FU US DOE [DE-FGO2-86ER53214, DE-S0000787, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX DK would like to thank Dr Adam Foster and Dr Martin O'Mullane for help with accessing the ADAS atomic database, Dr Jon Menard for suggesting references about Cl in other fusion experiments and the NSTX staff for supporting the operation of TGIS during 2010. DK would also like to thank Dr Deyong Liu (University of California, Irvine) and Dr John Canik (Oak Ridge National Lab) for providing data on halo and recycled neutrals, respectively, to estimate their contribution to the charge-exchange signals. The work at Johns Hopkins University was supported under US DOE Grants Numbers DE-FGO2-86ER53214 and DE-S0000787. The work at PPPL was supported under US DOE Contract Number DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD JUN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 6 AR 065010 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/54/6/065010 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 947PA UT WOS:000304440800010 ER PT J AU Smallwood, CL Hinton, JP Jozwiak, C Zhang, WT Koralek, JD Eisaki, H Lee, DH Orenstein, J Lanzara, A AF Smallwood, Christopher L. Hinton, James P. Jozwiak, Christopher Zhang, Wentao Koralek, Jake D. Eisaki, Hiroshi Lee, Dung-Hai Orenstein, Joseph Lanzara, Alessandra TI Tracking Cooper Pairs in a Cuprate Superconductor by Ultrafast Angle-Resolved Photoemission SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UNDERDOPED BI2212; QUASI-PARTICLE; LIFETIMES AB In high-temperature superconductivity, the process that leads to the formation of Cooper pairs, the fundamental charge carriers in any superconductor, remains mysterious. We used a femtosecond laser pump pulse to perturb superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta and studied subsequent dynamics using time-and angle-resolved photoemission and infrared reflectivity probes. Gap and quasiparticle population dynamics revealed marked dependencies on both excitation density and crystal momentum. Close to the d-wave nodes, the superconducting gap was sensitive to the pump intensity, and Cooper pairs recombined slowly. Far from the nodes, pumping affected the gap only weakly, and recombination processes were faster. These results demonstrate a new window into the dynamical processes that govern quasiparticle recombination and gap formation in cuprates. C1 [Smallwood, Christopher L.; Hinton, James P.; Lee, Dung-Hai; Orenstein, Joseph; Lanzara, Alessandra] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Smallwood, Christopher L.; Hinton, James P.; Zhang, Wentao; Koralek, Jake D.; Lee, Dung-Hai; Orenstein, Joseph; Lanzara, Alessandra] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jozwiak, Christopher] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Eisaki, Hiroshi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon Res Inst, Tsukuba 3058568, Japan. RP Lanzara, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alanzara@lbl.gov RI Smallwood, Christopher/D-4925-2011; ZHANG, Wentao/B-3626-2011; Orenstein, Joseph/I-3451-2015 OI Smallwood, Christopher/0000-0002-4103-8748; FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank R. A. Kaindl, D. A. Siegel, S. D. Lounis, T. Miller, and R. Johnson for useful discussions. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 10 U2 78 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 336 IS 6085 BP 1137 EP 1139 DI 10.1126/science.1217423 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 950KK UT WOS:000304647900043 PM 22654053 ER PT J AU King, NP Sheffler, W Sawaya, MR Vollmar, BS Sumida, JP Andre, I Gonen, T Yeates, TO Baker, D AF King, Neil P. Sheffler, William Sawaya, Michael R. Vollmar, Breanna S. Sumida, John P. Andre, Ingemar Gonen, Tamir Yeates, Todd O. Baker, David TI Computational Design of Self-Assembling Protein Nanomaterials with Atomic Level Accuracy SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DNA; PEPTIDE; SYMMETRY; CRYSTAL; BUNDLE AB We describe a general computational method for designing proteins that self-assemble to a desired symmetric architecture. Protein building blocks are docked together symmetrically to identify complementary packing arrangements, and low-energy protein-protein interfaces are then designed between the building blocks in order to drive self-assembly. We used trimeric protein building blocks to design a 24-subunit, 13-nm diameter complex with octahedral symmetry and a 12-subunit, 11-nm diameter complex with tetrahedral symmetry. The designed proteins assembled to the desired oligomeric states in solution, and the crystal structures of the complexes revealed that the resulting materials closely match the design models. The method can be used to design a wide variety of self-assembling protein nanomaterials. C1 [King, Neil P.; Sheffler, William; Baker, David] Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sawaya, Michael R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Sawaya, Michael R.; Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, US DOE, Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Vollmar, Breanna S.; Gonen, Tamir] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. [Sumida, John P.] Univ Washington, Dept Med Chem, Seattle, WA 98177 USA. [Andre, Ingemar] Lund Univ, Dept Biochem & Struct Biol, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Yeates, Todd O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Baker, David] Univ Washington, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baker, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM dabaker@uw.edu RI Andre, Ingemar/O-4777-2014; Baker, David/K-8941-2012; OI Andre, Ingemar/0000-0002-4753-8233; Baker, David/0000-0001-7896-6217; Yeates, Todd/0000-0001-5709-9839 FU DOE Biological and Environmental Research (DOE-BER) [DE-FC03-02ER63421]; National Center for Research Resources, NIH [RR-15301]; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Washington State Life Sciences Discovery Fund; Center for the Intracellular Delivery of Biologics; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); International Aids Vaccine Initiative FX We thank J. Navarro for assistance with protein crystallization at the UCLA crystallization core facility, which is supported by DOE Biological and Environmental Research (DOE-BER) grant DE-FC03-02ER63421, and D. Cascio and the 24-ID-C beamline staff for their assistance in data collection. This work is based on research conducted at the Advanced Photon Source on the Northeastern Collaborative Access Team beamlines, which are supported by award RR-15301 from the National Center for Research Resources, NIH. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, operated for the Office of Science, DOE, by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Analytical ultracentrifugation was performed in the Bioanalytical Pharmacy Core at the University of Washington, which is supported by the Washington State Life Sciences Discovery Fund and the Center for the Intracellular Delivery of Biologics. We also thank M. Iadanza for EM analysis of T3-10; Y. Cheng and X. Li (UCSF) for giving us access to their electron cryomicroscope for data collection, for helpful discussions, and for sharing scripts with us; and N. Grigorieff (Brandeis) for helpful discussions. The Gonen laboratory is supported by Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI). Work by N. P. K., W. S., and D. B. was supported by DOE, HHMI, and the International Aids Vaccine Initiative. Coordinates and structure factors were deposited in the Protein Data Bank with the accession codes 3VCD (O3-33, R32 crystal form), 4DDF (O3-33, P4 crystal form), 4DCL (T3-08), and 4EGG (T3-10). N. P. K., W. S., T.O.Y., and D. B. have filed a provisional patent application, U. S. 61/622,889, on the described method for designing self-assembling protein materials. NR 32 TC 196 Z9 197 U1 19 U2 197 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 336 IS 6085 BP 1171 EP 1174 DI 10.1126/science.1219364 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 950KK UT WOS:000304647900053 PM 22654060 ER PT J AU Neradilek, MB Polissar, NL Einstein, DR Glenny, RW Minard, KR Carson, JP Jiao, XM Jacob, RE Cox, TC Postlethwait, EM Corley, RA AF Neradilek, Moni B. Polissar, Nayak L. Einstein, Daniel R. Glenny, Robb W. Minard, Kevin R. Carson, James P. Jiao, Xiangmin Jacob, Richard E. Cox, Timothy C. Postlethwait, Edward M. Corley, Richard A. TI Branch-Based Model for the Diameters of the Pulmonary Airways: Accounting for Departures From Self-Consistency and Registration Errors SO ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE morphometry; pulmonary airway tree; self-similarity ID BRONCHIAL TREE; MORPHOMETRY; PRINCIPLE; LUNG; RAT AB We examine a previously published branch-based approach for modeling airway diameters that is predicated on the assumption of self-consistency across all levels of the tree. We mathematically formulate this assumption, propose a method to test it and develop a more general model to be used when the assumption is violated. We discuss the effect of measurement error on the estimated models and propose methods that take account of error. The methods are illustrated on data from MRI and CT images of silicone casts of two rats, two normal monkeys, and one ozone-exposed monkey. Our results showed substantial departures from self-consistency in all five subjects. When departures from self-consistency exist, we do not recommend using the self-consistency model, even as an approximation, as we have shown that it may likely lead to an incorrect representation of the diameter geometry. The new variance model can be used instead. Measurement error has an important impact on the estimated morphometry models and needs to be addressed in the analysis. Anat Rec,, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Neradilek, Moni B.; Polissar, Nayak L.] Mt Whisper Light Stat, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Einstein, Daniel R.; Minard, Kevin R.; Carson, James P.; Jacob, Richard E.; Corley, Richard A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Glenny, Robb W.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Jiao, Xiangmin] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Cox, Timothy C.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Postlethwait, Edward M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Neradilek, MB (reprint author), Mt Whisper Light Stat, 1827 23rd Ave E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. EM moni@mwlight.com OI Jiao, Xiangmin/0000-0002-7111-9813 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [NHLBI R01 HL073598]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH) [NIEHS P01 ES011617]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Grant sponsor: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Grant number: NHLBI R01 HL073598; Grant sponsor: The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH); Grant sponsor: NIEHS P01 ES011617.; A portion of this research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Tamas Varga at EMSL. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1932-8486 J9 ANAT REC JI Anat. Rec. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 295 IS 6 BP 1027 EP 1044 DI 10.1002/ar.22476 PG 18 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA 940SY UT WOS:000303914600016 PM 22528468 ER PT J AU Wu, M Demissie, Y Yan, E AF Wu, May Demissie, Yonas Yan, Eugene TI Simulated impact of future biofuel production on water quality and water cycle dynamics in the Upper Mississippi river basin SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biofuel production; Upper Mississippi river basin; Nutrient loadings; Water resource; Corn stover; Switchgrass ID NO-TILL CORN; STOVER REMOVAL; CROP; EROSION AB We examined the impacts of increased biofuel feedstock production on regional water resource and water quality. We focused on the Upper Mississippi river basin, from which a majority of U.S. biofuel is produced at present. The production of biofuel from both conventional feedstock and cellulosic feedstock will potentially increase in the near future, and a significant portion of the cellulosic feedstock is expected to come from this region. In this work, we developed future scenarios of biofuel feedstock production in 2015 to assess the potential water quality and quantity changes associated with an increase in biofuel production through corn yield increase, harvesting a fraction of corn stover, and converting land to perennial grass (switchgrass). The estimates are accomplished by a watershed model SWAT. Results project a slight increase in phosphorus loading and decrease in nitrogen loading when corn yield is increased without cellulosic feedstock production. Harvesting a fraction of corn stover with improved management and efficient nitrogen use could lead to a decrease in nitrogen loading (up to 10%) and phosphorus loading (2%) when soil properties remain constant. Changes in sediment loadings are relatively minor. Growing switchgrass reduces soil erosion considerably and positively impacts nitrogen and phosphorus loadings at the projected yield and fertilizer input while switching from pasture to switchgrass would increase the water loss associated with ET (1% of total precipitation), decrease base flow (2%), and decrease the surface runoff flow to the basin. Major factors - including land use changes, feedstock types, fertilizer inputs, crop yield, and soil properties - were analyzed for their direct and composite impacts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wu, May; Demissie, Yonas; Yan, Eugene] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Wu, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM mwu@anl.gov; ydemissie@anl.gov; eyan@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Biomass Program FX The authors would like to thank Michael Wang (Argonne National Laboratory) for his valuable insights related to the development of scenarios and his encouragement throughout this study, Gayathri Gopalakrishnan and Cristina Negri (both of Argonne National Laboratory) for discussions on possible application on buffer strip. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Biomass Program. NR 53 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 BP 44 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.01.030 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 944RB UT WOS:000304220400005 ER PT J AU Yeager, JD Luo, SN Jensen, BJ Fezzaa, K Montgomery, DS Hooks, DE AF Yeager, J. D. Luo, S. N. Jensen, B. J. Fezzaa, K. Montgomery, D. S. Hooks, D. E. TI High-speed synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging for analysis of low-Z composite microstructure SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); interface/interphase; Microstructures; Radiography ID POLYMER BONDED EXPLOSIVES; DEFORMATION; FAILURE; RADIATION; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; PBX-9501 AB The study of high performance composites such as plastic-bonded explosives under extreme conditions often requires innovative experimental techniques. Here, static synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast imaging (PCI) of simulated explosive materials has been performed at high speed in an effort to determine feasibility of imaging material response to dynamic, high-strain rate events (10(2)-10(7) s(-1)). The microstructure of pristine materials, idealized composites and simulated explosive composites has been characterized with synchrotron PCI at the Advanced Photon Source. High spatial resolution (2 mu m) of the microstructure was achieved with 5 mu s exposures, and features such as interfaces, cracks, voids, and bubbles were clearly observed. The likelihood of obtaining sufficient phase information at even faster exposures (e.g.. 0.2-0.5 mu s) is shown to be high. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yeager, J. D.; Luo, S. N.; Jensen, B. J.; Montgomery, D. S.; Hooks, D. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fezzaa, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yeager, JD (reprint author), MS P952,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jyeager@lanl.gov RI Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010; OI Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541; Yeager, John/0000-0002-3121-6053 FU Science Campaign at Los Alamos National Laboratory; LDRD at Los Alamos National Laboratory; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors would like to thank B. Patterson (LANL) for help with X-ray tomography and sample discussions. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. We are grateful for the support from Science Campaign and LDRD programs at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X EI 1878-5840 J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 43 IS 6 BP 885 EP 892 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.01.013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 944EL UT WOS:000304182000009 ER PT J AU Caporaso, JG Paszkiewicz, K Field, D Knight, R Gilbert, JA AF Caporaso, J. Gregory Paszkiewicz, Konrad Field, Dawn Knight, Rob Gilbert, Jack A. TI The Western English Channel contains a persistent microbial seed bank SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE 16S rRNA; bacteria; community; diversity; seed bank ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; OCEAN; DATABASE AB Robust seasonal dynamics in microbial community composition have previously been observed in the English Channel L4 marine observatory. These could be explained either by seasonal changes in the taxa present at the L4 site, or by the continuous modulation of abundance of taxa within a persistent microbial community. To test these competing hypotheses, deep sequencing of 16S rRNA from one randomly selected time point to a depth of 10 729 927 reads was compared with an existing taxonomic survey data covering 6 years. When compared against the 6-year survey of 72 shallow sequenced time points, the deep sequenced time point maintained 95.4% of the combined shallow OTUs. Additionally, on average, 99.75%+/- 0.06 (mean +/- s.d.) of the operational taxonomic units found in each shallow sequenced sample were also found in the single deep sequenced sample. This suggests that the vast majority of taxa identified in this ecosystem are always present, but just in different proportions that are predictable. Thus observed changes in community composition are actually variations in the relative abundance of taxa, not, as was previously believed, demonstrating extinction and recolonization of taxa in the ecosystem through time. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 1089-1093; doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.162; published online 10 November 2011 C1 [Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Caporaso, J. Gregory] No Arizona Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Paszkiewicz, Konrad] Univ Exeter, Dept Biosci, Exeter, Devon, England. [Knight, Rob] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Knight, Rob] Univ Colorado, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Gilbert, JA (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gilbertjack@anl.gov RI Knight, Rob/D-1299-2010 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We acknowledge the support of Plymouth Marine Laboratory and the Western Channel Observatory for access to samples acquired from the L4 observatory in the English Channel. NR 22 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 8 U2 63 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1089 EP 1093 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.162 PG 5 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 942MI UT WOS:000304047800001 PM 22071345 ER PT J AU Griffen, AL Beall, CJ Campbell, JH Firestone, ND Kumar, PS Yang, ZK Podar, M Leys, EJ AF Griffen, Ann L. Beall, Clifford J. Campbell, James H. Firestone, Noah D. Kumar, Purnima S. Yang, Zamin K. Podar, Mircea Leys, Eugene J. TI Distinct and complex bacterial profiles in human periodontitis and health revealed by 16S pyrosequencing SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE oral microbiome; pyrosequencing; 16S rRNA; periodontitis; bacteria ID HUMAN ORAL MICROBIOME; SUBGINGIVAL PLAQUE; DIVERSITY; TOOL AB Periodontitis has a polymicrobial etiology within the framework of a complex microbial ecosystem. With advances in sequencing technologies, comprehensive studies to elucidate bacterial community differences have recently become possible. We used 454 sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to compare subgingival bacterial communities from 29 periodontally healthy controls and 29 subjects with chronic periodontitis. Amplicons from both the V1-2 and V4 regions of the 16S gene were sequenced, yielding 1 393 579 sequences. They were identified by BLAST against a curated oral 16S database, and mapped to 16 phyla, 106 genera, and 596 species. 81% of sequences could be mapped to cultivated species. Differences between health-and periodontitis-associated bacterial communities were observed at all phylogenetic levels, and UniFrac and principal coordinates analysis showed distinct community profiles in health and disease. Community diversity was higher in disease, and 123 species were identified that were significantly more abundant in disease, and 53 in health. Spirochaetes, Synergistetes and Bacteroidetes were more abundant in disease, whereas the Proteobacteria were found at higher levels in healthy controls. Within the phylum Firmicutes, the class Bacilli was health-associated, whereas the Clostridia, Negativicutes and Erysipelotrichia were associated with disease. These results implicate a number of taxa that will be targets for future research. Some, such as Filifactor alocis and many Spirochetes were represented by a large fraction of sequences as compared with previously identified targets. Elucidation of these differences in community composition provides a basis for further understanding the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 1176-1185; doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.191; published online 15 December 2011 C1 [Griffen, Ann L.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Pediat Dent & Community Oral Hlth, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beall, Clifford J.; Firestone, Noah D.; Leys, Eugene J.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Oral Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Campbell, James H.; Yang, Zamin K.; Podar, Mircea] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Kumar, Purnima S.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Periodontol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Podar, Mircea] Univ Tennessee, Genome Sci & Technol Program, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Griffen, AL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Pediat Dent & Community Oral Hlth, 305 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM griffen.1@osu.edu RI Kumar, Purnima/F-6363-2013; Beall, Clifford/D-1035-2012 OI Kumar, Purnima/0000-0001-5844-1341; Podar, Mircea/0000-0003-2776-0205; Beall, Clifford/0000-0002-2198-9124 FU NIDCR [R01DE010467]; US Department of Energy Office of Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by NIDCR Grant no. R01DE010467. We would like to thank Danny Dayeh, James DiFranco, Jennifer Harris and Migun Shakya for technical support. JHC, ZKY and MP were sponsored by the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 21 TC 193 Z9 197 U1 3 U2 69 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1176 EP 1185 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.191 PG 10 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 942MI UT WOS:000304047800010 PM 22170420 ER PT J AU Mayali, X Weber, PK Brodie, EL Mabery, S Hoeprich, PD Pett-Ridge, J AF Mayali, Xavier Weber, Peter K. Brodie, Eoin L. Mabery, Shalini Hoeprich, Paul D. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer TI High-throughput isotopic analysis of RNA microarrays to quantify microbial resource use SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biogeochemistry; marine; microarray; microbial function; NanoSIMS; stable isotope probing ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MARINE-BACTERIA; DISSOLVED DNA; IN-SITU; LINKING; BACTERIOPLANKTON; AMMONIUM; CARBON; GENES; REGENERATION AB Most microorganisms remain uncultivated, and typically their ecological roles must be inferred from diversity and genomic studies. To directly measure functional roles of uncultivated microbes, we developed Chip-stable isotope probing (SIP), a high-sensitivity, high-throughput SIP method performed on a phylogenetic microarray (chip). This approach consists of microbial community incubations with isotopically labeled substrates, hybridization of the extracted community rRNA to a microarray and measurement of isotope incorporation-and therefore substrate use-by secondary ion mass spectrometer imaging (NanoSIMS). Laboratory experiments demonstrated that Chip-SIP can detect isotopic enrichment of 0.5 atom % C-13 and 0.1 atom % N-15, thus permitting experiments with short incubation times and low substrate concentrations. We applied Chip-SIP analysis to a natural estuarine community and quantified amino acid, nucleic acid or fatty acid incorporation by 81 distinct microbial taxa, thus demonstrating that resource partitioning occurs with relatively simple organic substrates. The Chip-SIP approach expands the repertoire of stable isotope-enabled methods available to microbial ecologists and provides a means to test genomics-generated hypotheses about biogeochemical function in any natural environment. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 1210-1221; doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.175; published online 8 December 2011 C1 [Mayali, Xavier; Weber, Peter K.; Mabery, Shalini; Hoeprich, Paul D.; Pett-Ridge, Jennifer] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Brodie, Eoin L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mayali, X (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mayali1@llnl.gov; pettridge2@llnl.gov RI Brodie, Eoin/A-7853-2008 OI Brodie, Eoin/0000-0002-8453-8435 FU DOE OBER; LLNL; US Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; University of California [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was funded by the DOE OBER Genomic Sciences research program and the LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program. This study was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Part of this study was performed by the US Department of Energy at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the auspices of the University of California Contract Number DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Larry Nittler for software development and Clark Santee for PhyloChip assistance. Additional thanks to M Firestone, J Fuhrman, R Mueller and three anonymous reviewers for providing constructive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 64 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1210 EP 1221 DI 10.1038/ismej.2011.175 PG 12 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 942MI UT WOS:000304047800013 PM 22158395 ER PT J AU Perelson, AS Rong, LB Hayden, FG AF Perelson, Alan S. Rong, Libin Hayden, Frederick G. TI Combination Antiviral Therapy for Influenza: Predictions From Modeling of Human Infections SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID A-VIRUS; MUTATION-RATES; IN-VITRO; OSELTAMIVIR; RESISTANCE; AMANTADINE AB Emergence of resistance is a major concern in influenza antiviral treatment and prophylaxis. Combination antiviral therapy might overcome this problem. Here, we estimate that all possible single mutants and a sizeable fraction of double mutants are generated during an uncomplicated influenza infection. While most of them may sustain a fitness cost, some variants may confer drug resistance and be selected during therapy. We argue that a triple combination regimen would markedly reduce the risk of antiviral resistance emergence in seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses, especially in seriously ill or immunocompromised hosts. C1 [Perelson, Alan S.; Rong, Libin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Rong, Libin] Oakland Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Rong, Libin] Oakland Univ, Ctr Biomed Res, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Hayden, Frederick G.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Hayden, Frederick G.] Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London, England. RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM asp@lanl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; National Institutes of Health [P30-EB011339, HHSN272201000055C, OD011095]; Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD; National Science Foundation [DMS-1122290, PHY05-51164]; GSK; Roche FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy (DE-AC52-06NA25396), the National Institutes of Health (P30-EB011339, HHSN272201000055C, and OD011095), the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Program, and the National Science Foundation (DMS-1122290 and PHY05-51164).; The University of Virginia received honoraria from the Neuraminidase Inhibitor Susceptibility Network (supported by GSK and Roche) from 2008 through 2011 for Dr Hayden's participation. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 205 IS 11 BP 1642 EP 1645 DI 10.1093/infdis/jis265 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 942RV UT WOS:000304065600008 PM 22448006 ER PT J AU Gu, M Biegalski, MD Christen, HM Song, CY Dearden, CR Browning, ND Takamura, Y AF Gu, Meng Biegalski, Michael D. Christen, Hans M. Song, Chengyu Dearden, Craig R. Browning, Nigel D. Takamura, Yayoi TI Strain relaxation defects in perovskite oxide superlattices SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE EXCHANGE; FILMS; DICHROISM AB This paper reports on the defect structures formed upon strain relaxation in pulsed laser-deposited complex oxide superlattices consisting of the ferromagnetic metal, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3, and the antiferromagnetic insulator, La0.67Sr0.33FeO3. Atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure and chemistry of the defects. For thinner superlattices, strain relaxation occurs through the formation of 2-D stacking faults, whereas for thicker superlattices, the prolonged thermal exposure during film growth leads to the formation of nanoflowers and cracks/pinholes to reduce the overall strain energy. C1 [Gu, Meng; Dearden, Craig R.; Browning, Nigel D.; Takamura, Yayoi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Biegalski, Michael D.; Christen, Hans M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Song, Chengyu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Takamura, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ytakamura@ucdavis.edu RI Christen, Hans/H-6551-2013; Gu, Meng/B-8258-2013; OI Christen, Hans/0000-0001-8187-7469; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU National Science Foundation [DMR-747896]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-FG0203ER46057]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors thank Dr. Bin Jiang (FEI) for technical support with the alignment of the TEAM 0.5 microscope at NCEM. The characterization work at UC Davis was supported by the National Science Foundation (Contract No. DMR-747896) and the electron microscopy by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering under (Contract No. DE-FG0203ER46057). The work performed at NCEM and ALS is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Part of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 29 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1436 EP 1444 DI 10.1557/jmr.2012.42 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 942SP UT WOS:000304067600003 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Alonso, AP Wilkerson, CG Keegstra, K AF Wang, Yan Alonso, Ana P. Wilkerson, Curtis G. Keegstra, Kenneth TI Deep EST profiling of developing fenugreek endosperm to investigate galactomannan biosynthesis and its regulation SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fenugreek; Endosperm; Galactomannan biosynthesis; EST profiling; Hexose phosphates; Nucleotide sugars ID TRIGONELLA-FOENUM-GRAECUM; METABOLIC FLUX ANALYSIS; CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE; STRUCTURALLY ALTERED GALACTOMANNANS; CYAMOPSIS-TETRAGONOLOBA L.; CELL-WALL BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MANNAN SYNTHASE; POLYSACCHARIDE BIOSYNTHESIS; DEVELOPING SEEDS AB Galactomannans are hemicellulosic polysaccharides composed of a (1 -> 4)-linked -D-mannan backbone substituted with single-unit (1 -> 6)-alpha-linked D-galactosyl residues. Developing fenugreek (-) seeds are known to accumulate large quantities of galactomannans in the endosperm, and were thus used here as a model system to better understand galactomannan biosynthesis and its regulation. We first verified the specific deposition of galactomannans in developing endosperms and determined that active accumulation occurred from 25 to 38 days post anthesis (DPA) under our growth conditions. We then examined the expression levels during seed development of and , two genes encoding backbone and side chain synthetic enzymes. Based on transcript accumulation dynamics for and , cDNA libraries were constructed using RNA isolated from endosperms at four ages corresponding to before, at the beginning of, and during active galactomannan deposition. DNA from these libraries was sequenced using the 454 sequencing technology to yield a total of 1.5 million expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Through analysis of the EST profiling data, we identified genes known to be involved in galactomannan biosynthesis, as well as new genes that may be involved in this process, and proposed a model for the flow of carbon from sucrose to galactomannans. Measurement of in vitro ManS and GMGT activities and analysis of sugar phosphate and nucleotide sugar levels in the endosperms of developing fenugreek seeds provided data consistent with this model. In vitro enzymatic assays also revealed that the ManS enzyme from fenugreek endosperm preferentially used GDP-mannose as the substrate for the backbone synthesis. C1 [Wang, Yan; Alonso, Ana P.; Wilkerson, Curtis G.; Keegstra, Kenneth] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wang, Yan; Keegstra, Kenneth] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Alonso, Ana P.; Wilkerson, Curtis G.; Keegstra, Kenneth] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wilkerson, Curtis G.; Keegstra, Kenneth] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Keegstra, K (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM keegstra@msu.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX We thank Christa Pennacchio and Erika Linquist at the Joint Genome Institute of the US Department of Energy (DOE) for 454 sequencing of fenugreek cDNA libraries; Nick Thrower in the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center at Michigan State University (MSU) for assembling the EST reads; Jeffrey Weatherhead from the cell wall analytical facility of the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center at MSU for his technical help in the neutral monosaccharide composition analysis of fenugreek seeds and seed tissues; David M. Cavalier, Jean-Christophe Cocuron and Jonathan Davis as well as other members of the Keegstra lab and Cell Wall Group at MSU for their suggestive discussions and technical help; and Eileen Morey for editing the manuscript. This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 54 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 79 IS 3 BP 243 EP 258 DI 10.1007/s11103-012-9909-y PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 943IR UT WOS:000304114900004 PM 22527750 ER PT J AU Dhavale, AS Dhakal, P Polyanskii, AA Ciovati, G AF Dhavale, Asavari S. Dhakal, Pashupati Polyanskii, Anatolii A. Ciovati, Gianluigi TI Flux pinning characteristics in cylindrical niobium samples used for superconducting radio frequency cavity fabrication SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE BAKING; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; TYPE-2 SUPERCONDUCTORS; HARD SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIZATION; PENETRATION; DEPENDENCE; MECHANISMS; VORTICES; CURRENTS AB We present the results from DC magnetization and penetration depth measurements of cylindrical bulk large-grain (LG) and fine-grain (FG) niobium samples used for the fabrication of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. The surface treatment consisted of electropolishing and low-temperature baking as they are typically applied to SRF cavities. The magnetization data are analyzed using a modified critical state model. The critical current density J(c) and pinning force F-p are calculated from the magnetization data and their temperature dependence and field dependence are presented. The LG samples have lower critical current density and pinning force density compared to FG samples, favorable to lower flux trapping efficiency. This effect may explain the lower values of residual resistance often observed in LG cavities than FG cavities. C1 [Dhavale, Asavari S.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Accelerator & Pulse Power Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Dhakal, Pashupati; Ciovati, Gianluigi] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Polyanskii, Anatolii A.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Dhavale, AS (reprint author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Accelerator & Pulse Power Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. EM dhakal@jlab.org FU US DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX This paper has been authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, under US DOE contract No DE-AC05-06OR23177. The US Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce this paper for US Government purposes. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-2048 J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH JI Supercond. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 6 AR 065014 DI 10.1088/0953-2048/25/6/065014 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 942ML UT WOS:000304048100017 ER PT J AU Wendt, T Doohan, F Mullins, E AF Wendt, Toni Doohan, Fiona Mullins, Ewen TI Production of Phytophthora infestans-resistant potato (Solanum tuberosum) utilising Ensifer adhaerens OV14 SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ensifer adhaerens; Transformation; Non-Agrobacterium strains; Solanum tuberosum; Transgenic; Phytophthora infestans ID LATE BLIGHT RESISTANCE; BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; PLANT-CELLS; TI-PLASMID; AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; GENE RB; TRANSFORMATION; BULBOCASTANUM; EXPRESSION; BACTERIA AB Based on the use of -mediated transformation commodity crop improvement through genetic engineering is the fastest adopted crop technology in the world (James 2010). However, the complexity of the patent landscape remains a challenge for non-patent holders who wish to generate novel varieties for a commercial purpose. The potential of non- strains (Transbacter((TM))) to modify a plant genome has previously been described. However, they are unlikely to be widely used without significant adjustments in transformation protocols in order to improve their gene transfer efficiencies. In this study we set out to identify alternative bacteria species that could (a) utilize genes for genetic transformation and (b) substitute for in existing transformation protocols, without a prerequisite for protocol modifications. To this end we isolated a collection ( = 751) of plant-associated bacteria from the rhizosphere of commercially grown crops. Based on various screens, including plant transformation with the open-source vector pCAMBIA5105, we identified a strain of the bacterium with the capacity to transform both (0.12%) and potato (mean transformation frequency 35.1%). Thereafter, was used to generate blight- (causative organism ) resistant potato using the 'resistance to blight' () gene. Resistant genotypes were confirmed by associated molecular analysis and resistant phenotypes demonstrated by the development of hypersensitive lesions on inoculated leaf tissue post-pathogen inoculation. These data confirm the potential of -mediated transformation (EMT) as a novel platform for the high frequency generation of transgenic potato. C1 [Wendt, Toni; Mullins, Ewen] TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Carlow, Ireland. [Wendt, Toni; Doohan, Fiona] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. RP Mullins, E (reprint author), TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Dept Crop Sci, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland. EM ewen.mullins@teagasc.ie RI Doohan, Fiona/A-7462-2008; OI Doohan, Fiona/0000-0002-1953-6070; Mullins, Ewen/0000-0003-3005-4264 FU Teagasc FX The authors wish to acknowledge the Teagasc Core Research Program for funding this research and the Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Scheme for providing a stipend for T.W. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3 BP 567 EP 578 DI 10.1007/s11248-011-9553-3 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 943CF UT WOS:000304097400010 PM 21912851 ER PT J AU Binter, E Binter, S Disz, T Kalmanek, E Powers, A Pusch, GD Turgeon, J AF Binter, Erik Binter, Scott Disz, Terry Kalmanek, Elizabeth Powers, Alexander Pusch, Gordon D. Turgeon, Julie TI Grounding annotations in published literature with an emphasis on the functional roles used in metabolic models SO 3 BIOTECH LA English DT Article DE Genome annotations; Protein function; Evidence of function AB Accurate genome annotations in databases are a critical resource available to the scientific community for analysis and research. Inaccurate and inconsistent annotations exist as a result of errors generated from mass automated annotation, and currently act as a barrier to the application of bioinformatics. The purpose of this effort was to improve the SEED by improving the connection of functional roles to literature references. Direct literature references (DLits), found through searches of PubMed and other online databases such as SwissProt, were attached to protein sequences within the PubSEED to provide literature support for the roughly 2,500 distinct functional roles used to construct metabolic models within the Model SEED. Only DLits in which a researcher asserted the function of a protein were attached to sequences. Starting from a list of 1,072 functional roles that did not previously have DLit support, we were able to connect sequences to literature for 655 functional roles, at least 484 of which were in the original list of unsupported roles. When added to the existing set of sequences having DLits, the resulting set of DLit-sequence pairs (the foundation set) now connects approximately 4,300 DLits to approximately 5,600 distinct protein sequences obtained from approximately 16,000 genes (some of these genes have identical protein sequences). From the foundation set, we construct projection sets such that each set contains one member of the foundation set and projections of its functional role onto similar genes. The projection sets revealed 120 inconsistent annotations within the SEED. Two types of inconsistencies were corrected through manual annotation in the PubSEED: instances in which two identical protein sequences had been annotated with different functions, and instances when projected functions contradicted previous annotations. 26,785 changes to gene function assignment, 219 of which were to previously uncharacterized proteins, resulted in a more consistent and accurate set of input data from which to construct revised metabolic models within the Model SEED. C1 [Binter, Erik; Binter, Scott; Disz, Terry; Kalmanek, Elizabeth; Powers, Alexander; Pusch, Gordon D.; Turgeon, Julie] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pusch, Gordon D.] Fellowship Interpretat Genomes, Burr Ridge, IL 60527 USA. RP Disz, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM disz@mcs.anl.gov FU U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We would like to acknowledge the following individuals for providing critical help and guidance throughout this project: Ross Overbeek, Terry Disz, Gordon Pusch, Bruce Parello, Jennifer Salazar, Scott Devoid, FangFang Xia, and Sveta Gerdes. This work was supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2190-5738 EI 2190-572X J9 3 BIOTECH JI 3 Biotech PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 2 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1007/s13205-011-0039-z PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA V39WV UT WOS:000209442000004 ER PT J AU Powell, BJ Baruah, T Pederson, MR AF Powell, Benjamin J. Baruah, Tunna Pederson, Mark R. TI Equivalence of Electron-Vibration Interaction and Charge-Induced Force Variations: A New O(1) Approach to an Old Problem SO CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE vibronic coupling; electron-phonon interaction; Mott transition AB Calculating electron-vibration (vibronic) interaction constants is computationally expensive. For molecules containing N nuclei it involves solving the Schrodinger equation for O(3N) nuclear configurations in addition to the cost of determining the vibrational modes. We show that quantum vibronic interactions are proportional to the classical atomic forces induced when the total charge of the system is varied. This enables the calculation of vibronic interaction constants from O(1) solutions of the Schrodinger equation. We demonstrate that the O(1) approach produces numerically accurate results by calculating the vibronic interaction constants for several molecules. We investigate the role of molecular vibrations in the Mott transition in kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br. C1 [Powell, Benjamin J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Baruah, Tunna] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Phys, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Pederson, Mark R.] US DOE, Off Basic Energy Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Powell, BJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Organ Photon & Elect, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM bjpowell@gmail.com; tbaruah@utep.edu; mark.pederson@science.doe.gov RI Powell, Benjamin/B-1281-2009 OI Powell, Benjamin/0000-0002-5161-1317 FU Australian Research Council under the Queen Elizabeth II scheme [DP0878523]; NSF [NIRT-0304122]; ONR; DoD-HPCMO CHSSI program FX This work was motivated by conversations with Greg Freebairn. We thank James Annett, Stephen Dougdale, Nikitas Gidopoulos, Barbara Montanari and Keith Refson for useful conversations. BJP is supported by the Australian Research Council under the Queen Elizabeth II scheme (project DP0878523). TB was supported by NSF NIRT-0304122. MRP carried out this work while at NRL and was supported in part by ONR and DoD-HPCMO CHSSI program Some of the calculations were performed on the Australian National Computational Infrastructure and others were performed on the HPCMO computational platforms. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4352 J9 CRYSTALS JI Crystals PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 2 BP 236 EP 247 DI 10.3390/cryst2020236 PG 12 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Crystallography; Materials Science GA V38KC UT WOS:000209341300007 ER PT J AU McWhorter, S O'Malley, K Adams, J Ordaz, G Randolph, K Stetson, NT AF McWhorter, Scott O'Malley, Kathleen Adams, Jesse Ordaz, Grace Randolph, Katie Stetson, Ned T. TI Moderate Temperature Dense Phase Hydrogen Storage Materials within the US Department of Energy (DOE) H-2 Storage Program: Trends toward Future Development SO CRYSTALS LA English DT Review DE hydrogen storage; metal hydrides; chemical hydrogen storage; review; applications; intermetallic compounds; complex hydrides; PEM fuel cells AB Hydrogen has many positive attributes that make it a viable choice to augment the current portfolio of combustion-based fuels, especially when considering reducing pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, conventional methods of storing H-2 via high-pressure or liquid H-2 do not provide long-term economic solutions for many applications, especially emerging applications such as man-portable or stationary power. Hydrogen storage in materials has the potential to meet the performance and cost demands, however, further developments are needed to address the thermodynamics and kinetics of H-2 uptake and release. Therefore, the US Department of Energy (DOE) initiated three Centers of Excellence focused on developing H-2 storage materials that could meet the stringent performance requirements for on-board vehicular applications. In this review, we have summarized the developments that occurred as a result of the efforts of the Metal Hydride and Chemical Hydrogen Storage Centers of Excellence on materials that bind hydrogen through ionic and covalent linkages and thus could provide moderate temperature, dense phase H-2 storage options for a wide range of emerging Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEM FC) applications. C1 [McWhorter, Scott] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [O'Malley, Kathleen] SRA Int, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. [Adams, Jesse; Randolph, Katie] US DOE, Fuel Cell Technol Program, Golden Field Off, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Ordaz, Grace; Stetson, Ned T.] US DOE, Fuel Cell Technol Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Stetson, NT (reprint author), US DOE, Fuel Cell Technol Program, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM christopher.mcwhorter@ee.doe.gov; kathleen.o'malley@ee.doe.gov; jesse.adams@go.doe.gov; grace.ordaz@ee.doe.gov; katie.randolph@go.doe.gov; ned.stetson@ee.doe.gov NR 101 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4352 J9 CRYSTALS JI Crystals PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 2 BP 413 EP 445 DI 10.3390/cryst2020413 PG 33 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Crystallography; Materials Science GA V38KC UT WOS:000209341300019 ER PT J AU Ganz, HH Karaoz, U Getz, WM Versfeld, W Brodie, EL AF Ganz, Holly H. Karaoz, Ulas Getz, Wayne M. Versfeld, Wilferd Brodie, Eoin L. TI Diversity and structure of soil bacterial communities associated with vultures in an African savanna SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; bacteria; competitive exclusion; Gyps africanus; habitat filtering; lappet-faced vulture; microbial ecology; pH; savanna; Torgos tracheliotos; white-backed vulture ID ORNITHOGENIC SOILS; SEABIRD GUANO; PHYLOGENETIC STRUCTURE; ALLOCHTHONOUS INPUT; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; NATIONAL-PARK; FOREST SOILS; PH GRADIENT; ISLANDS; ANTARCTICA AB Bird guano has been shown to alter the structure and function of ecological communities. Here we characterize the effects of vulture guano on the phylogenetic structure, taxa richness, and abundance in soil bacterial communities within an African savanna. By altering soil chemistry and nutrient status, vulture guano appears to play a role in influencing the structure of soil bacterial communities. DNA was extracted from soil collected under twenty trees: five African white-backed vulture (Gyps africanus, WBV) nesting sites, five lappet-faced vulture (Torgos tracheliotos, LFV) nesting sites and ten control sites where no sign of vulture activity was detected. Using a high-density phylogenetic microarray (PhyloChip G2), we identified 1,803 bacterial Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) in the twenty samples. Analysis of beta-diversity using the Unifrac distance metric demonstrated that WBV nesting sites were phylogenetically distinct from both control trees and LFV nesting sites. We detected a higher degree of phylogenetic clustering in soil bacterial communities associated with both WBV and LFV nesting sites compared to control sites, suggesting that the deposition of guano increases the strength of habitat filtering in these communities. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that variation in OTU intensity (a measure of relative abundance) could be related to variations in pH, electrical conductivity and total nitrogen content. WBV sites explained 10% to 22% of the variation in OTU intensity. The elevated total nitrogen and lower pH characteristic of soils associated with vultures may favor Proteobacteria and suppress Firmicutes, particularly Clostridia and Bacilli. Acidic aggregations of vulture guano may be unlikely to support long-term survival of spore-forming Firmicute pathogens and thus may limit the role that vultures play as potential disease vectors. C1 [Ganz, Holly H.; Getz, Wayne M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Karaoz, Ulas; Brodie, Eoin L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Ecol, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Getz, Wayne M.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. [Versfeld, Wilferd] Etosha Ecol Inst, Okaukuejo Via Outjo, Namibia. RP Ganz, HH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM hhganz@ucdavis.edu RI Brodie, Eoin/A-7853-2008; Karaoz, Ulas/J-7093-2014 OI Brodie, Eoin/0000-0002-8453-8435; FU NIH [GM083863]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank the Namibian Ministry of the Environment and Tourism and the Etosha Ecological Institute for logistical support. Werner Kilian provided thoughtful discussions that helped with the design of the study. Catherine A. Osborne, Anna C. Treydte, Wendy C. Turner, Kenneth J. Elgersma, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. Mateusz Plucinski and Pauline L. Kamath helped with phylogenetic tree construction. Carlton X. Osborne filtered and extracted the data making the Fast Unifrac analyses possible. Thanks to Tamara Banda, Katherine C. Goldfarb, and Clark A. Santee for assistance in the laboratory. Part of this work was performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. This research was supported by NIH Grant GM083863 to WMG. NR 74 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 6 AR UNSP 47 DI 10.1890/ES11-00333.1 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256IC UT WOS:000327302000001 ER PT J AU Andreev, N Barzi, E Chlachidze, G Evbota, D Kashikhin, VS Kashikhin, VV Lamm, MJ Makarov, A Novitski, I Orris, DF Tartaglia, MA Tompkins, JC Turrioni, D Walbridge, D Yu, M Zlobin, AV AF Andreev, N. Barzi, E. Chlachidze, G. Evbota, D. Kashikhin, V. S. Kashikhin, V. V. Lamm, M. J. Makarov, A. Novitski, I. Orris, D. F. Tartaglia, M. A. Tompkins, J. C. Turrioni, D. Walbridge, D. Yu, M. Zlobin, A. V. TI Model NbTi Helical Solenoid Fabrication and Test Results SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT) CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL ITER Org, Marseille, FRANCE SP PACA Reg, CEA, IEEE CSC, Iberdrola Ingenieria & Construcc, SAU, Oxford Superconducting Technol, R KIND, Super Power Inc, Western Superconducting Technol Co Ltd HO ITER Org DE Helical cooling channel; helical solenoid; NbTi; superconducting magnet AB A program to develop model magnets for a helical cooling channel is under way at Fermilab. In the first steps of a planned sequence of magnets, two four-coil helical solenoid models with 300 mm aperture have been fabricated and tested. These two models, HSM01 and HSM02, used insulated NbTi Rutherford cable wound onto stainless steel rings with spliceless transitions between coils. Strip heaters were included for quench protection of each coil, and the coils were epoxy-impregnated after winding inside the support structures. Based on the results of the first model the second model was made using a cable with optimized cross-section, improved winding and epoxy-impregnation procedures, enhanced ground insulation, and included heat exchange tubing for a test of conduction cooling. We report on the results and lessons learned from fabrication and tests of these two models. C1 [Andreev, N.; Barzi, E.; Chlachidze, G.; Evbota, D.; Kashikhin, V. S.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Lamm, M. J.; Makarov, A.; Novitski, I.; Orris, D. F.; Tartaglia, M. A.; Tompkins, J. C.; Turrioni, D.; Walbridge, D.; Yu, M.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Andreev, N (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM tartaglia@fnal.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 AR 4101304 DI 10.1109/TASC.2011.2178378 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 986SK UT WOS:000307364700078 ER PT J AU Ferracin, P Ambrosio, G Anerella, M Bossert, R Caspi, S Chlachidze, G Cheng, DW Dietderich, DR Felice, H Ghosh, A Hafalia, AR Lizarazo, J Marchevsky, M Joseph, J Sabbi, G Schmalzle, J Wanderer, P Wang, X Zlobin, AV AF Ferracin, P. Ambrosio, G. Anerella, M. Bossert, R. Caspi, S. Chlachidze, G. Cheng, D. W. Dietderich, D. R. Felice, H. Ghosh, A. Hafalia, A. R. Lizarazo, J. Marchevsky, M. Joseph, J. Sabbi, G. Schmalzle, J. Wanderer, P. Wang, X. Zlobin, A. V. TI Mechanical Behavior of HQ01, a Nb3Sn Accelerator-Quality Quadrupole Magnet for the LHC Luminosity Upgrade SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT) CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL ITER Org, Marseille, FRANCE SP PACA Reg, CEA, IEEE CSC, Iberdrola Ingenieria & Construcc, SAU, Oxford Superconducting Technol, R KIND, Super Power Inc, Western Superconducting Technol Co Ltd HO ITER Org DE LARP; Nb3Sn; quadrupole magnet ID LARP AB HQ01 is a superconducting quadrupole magnet under development by the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) as a part of an R&D effort to demonstrate that Nb3Sn magnet technology is a viable option for a future luminosity upgrade of the LHC. The design is characterized by a 120 mm bore, a maximum gradient of 219 T/m at 1.9 K, and a support structure based on an aluminum shell pre-tensioned by water-pressurized bladders. The shell-based structure concept has already been successfully implemented in previous LARP quadrupole magnets. In HQ01, the structure incorporates additional features designed to provide full alignment between the support structure components and the coils. Specifically, the coil azimuthal alignment is achieved through outer layer pole keys which, by intercepting part of the force applied by bladders and shell, remain clamped to bolted aluminum collars from assembly to full excitation. A sequence of assemblies and cool-downs were executed with different keys sizes to characterize the alignment system and its impact on coil pre-load, at both room temperature and at 4.5 K. This paper reports on the mechanical behavior of the HQ01, by summarizing the strain gauge data and comparing them with FEM model predictions. C1 [Ferracin, P.; Caspi, S.; Cheng, D. W.; Dietderich, D. R.; Felice, H.; Hafalia, A. R.; Lizarazo, J.; Marchevsky, M.; Joseph, J.; Sabbi, G.; Wang, X.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ambrosio, G.; Bossert, R.; Chlachidze, G.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Anerella, M.; Ghosh, A.; Schmalzle, J.; Wanderer, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ferracin, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pferracin@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 AR 4901804 DI 10.1109/TASC.2011.2179404 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 986SK UT WOS:000307364700301 ER PT J AU Green, MA Pan, H Prestemon, SO Virostek, SP AF Green, M. A. Pan, H. Prestemon, S. O. Virostek, S. P. TI Protecting the Leads of a Powered Magnet That is Protected With Diodes and Resistors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT) CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL ITER Org, Marseille, FRANCE SP PACA Reg, CEA, IEEE CSC, Iberdrola Ingenieria & Construcc, SAU, Oxford Superconducting Technol, R KIND, Super Power Inc, Western Superconducting Technol Co Ltd HO ITER Org DE HTS leads; LTS leads; quench protection AB MRI magnets and other magnets that have a low current and high self-inductance are passively quench-protected with a system that includes sub-divided coils with resistors and diodes that are in parallel with sections of the coils. The primary purpose of coil sub-division is to protect the coil from the high voltages that can occur during a quench. In the event of a lead failure (conventional or superconducting) between the coil and its power supply or its persistent switch, the total current in the coil flows through the diodes and resistors in parallel with the coil. When a lead fails, the current decay time constant for the coil current can be quite long. It is desirable that the coil quench in a time that is short compared to the coil current decay time constant. Experience shows that the heating from the resistors and diodes will eventually quench the magnet. This paper presents methods for shortening the time between a lead failure or a persistent switch failure and the eventual magnet quench. C1 [Green, M. A.; Pan, H.; Prestemon, S. O.; Virostek, S. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Green, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM magreen@lbl.gov NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 AR 4702204 DI 10.1109/TASC.2011.2174576 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 986SK UT WOS:000307364700194 ER PT J AU Velev, GV Ambrosio, G Andreev, N Anerella, M Bossert, R Caspi, S Chlachidze, G DiMarco, J Escallier, J Felice, H Ferracin, P Kashikhin, VV Lamm, MJ Nobrega, F Prebys, E Sabbi, GL Schmalzle, J Sylvester, C Tartaglia, M Wanderer, P Zlobin, AV AF Velev, G. V. Ambrosio, G. Andreev, N. Anerella, M. Bossert, R. Caspi, S. Chlachidze, G. DiMarco, J. Escallier, J. Felice, H. Ferracin, P. Kashikhin, V. V. Lamm, M. J. Nobrega, F. Prebys, E. Sabbi, G. L. Schmalzle, J. Sylvester, C. Tartaglia, M. Wanderer, P. Zlobin, A. V. TI Field Quality Study of the LARP Nb3Sn 3.7 m-Long Quadrupole Models of LQ series SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT) CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL ITER Org, Marseille, FRANCE SP PACA Reg, CEA, IEEE CSC, Iberdrola Ingenieria & Construcc, SAU, Oxford Superconducting Technol, R KIND, Super Power Inc, Western Superconducting Technol Co Ltd HO ITER Org DE Magnetic field measurement; super-conducting accelerator magnets ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; MAGNET; FERMILAB AB After the successful test of the first long Nb3Sn quadrupole magnet (LQS01), the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) has assembled and tested a new 3.7 m-long Nb3Sn quadrupole (LQS02). This magnet has four new coils made of the same conductor as LQS01 coils, and it is using the same support structure. LQS02 was tested at the Fermilab Vertical Magnet Test Facility with the main goal to confirm that the long models can achieve field gradient above 200 T/m, LARP target for 90-mm aperture, as well as to measure the field quality. These long models lack some alignment features and it is important to study the field harmonics. Previous field quality measurements of LQS01 showed higher than expected differences between measured and calculated harmonics compared to the short models (TQS) assembled in a similar structure. These differences could be explained by the use of two different impregnation fixtures during coil fabrication. In this paper, we present a comparison of the field quality measurements between LQS01 and LQS02 as well as a comparison with the short TQS models. If the result supports the coil fabrication hypothesis, another LQS assembly with all coils fabricated in the same fixture will be produced for understanding the cause of the discrepancy between short and long models. C1 [Velev, G. V.; Ambrosio, G.; Andreev, N.; Bossert, R.; Chlachidze, G.; DiMarco, J.; Kashikhin, V. V.; Lamm, M. J.; Nobrega, F.; Prebys, E.; Sylvester, C.; Tartaglia, M.; Zlobin, A. V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Caspi, S.; Felice, H.; Ferracin, P.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Anerella, M.; Escallier, J.; Schmalzle, J.; Wanderer, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Velev, GV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM velev@fnal.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 EI 1558-2515 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 AR 9002804 DI 10.1109/TASC.2011.2178996 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 986SK UT WOS:000307364700529 ER PT J AU Liu, C Wang, JH Botterud, A Zhou, Y Vyas, A AF Liu, Cong Wang, Jianhui Botterud, Audun Zhou, Yan Vyas, Anantray TI Assessment of Impacts of PHEV Charging Patterns on Wind-Thermal Scheduling by Stochastic Unit Commitment SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID LA English DT Article DE Mixed integer programming; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; stochastic; unit commitment; wind power ID PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; POWER; VEHICLES AB Light duty plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technology holds a promising future due to its "friendliness" to the environment and potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. However, the likely significant growth of PHEVs will bring new challenges and opportunities for power system infrastructures. This paper studies the impacts of PHEV charging patterns on power system operations and scheduling. The stochastic unit commitment model described in this paper considers coordination of thermal generating units and PHEV charging loads, as well as the penetration of large-scale wind power. The proposed model also addresses ancillary services provided by vehicle-to-grid techniques. Daily electricity demands by various types of PHEVs are estimated on the basis of a PHEV population projection and transportation survey. The stochastic unit commitment model is used to simulate power system scheduling with different charging patterns for PHEVs. The results show that a smart charging pattern can reduce the operating costs of a power system and compensate for the fluctuation in wind power. The proposed model also can serve as a foundation and tool to perform long-term cost-benefit analysis and to assist policy making. C1 [Liu, Cong] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM liuc@anl.gov; jianhui.wang@anl.gov; abotterud@anl.gov; yzhou@anl.gov; avyas@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Paper no. TSG-00402-2010. NR 34 TC 53 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3053 J9 IEEE T SMART GRID JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid PD JUN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 2 BP 675 EP 683 DI 10.1109/TSG.2012.2187687 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 232HQ UT WOS:000325484200009 ER PT J AU Wang, SB Gao, WZ Wang, JH Lin, J AF Wang, Shaobu Gao, Wenzhong Wang, Jianhui Lin, Jin TI Synchronized Sampling Technology-Based Compensation for Network Effects in WAMS Communication SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID LA English DT Article DE Network communication; network effect compensation; power systems; wide-area feedback control; wide-area measurement systems ID TRANSIENT STABILITY PREDICTION; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS)-based closed-loop power system control faces lots of challenges such as network effects in WAMS communication which include network-induced delays, data packet dropouts and packet disordering, etc. As of now, design of wide area feedback controller robust against those network effects typically relies on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) methods. However, because LMIs methods results in conservative controller and sometimes feasible solution cannot be found although they exist, it is still difficult to implement wide area feedback control in real power systems. In order to overcome those problems, a more practical scheme is presented in this paper for WAMS-based closed-loop power system control. In the new scheme, a GPS receiver is configured at the wide area feedback controller/actuator which can calculate feedback signals' delays by comparing the time differences between their own clocks and time stamps of feedback signals. Then, by using synchronized sampling technology again, trajectories of power systems are extrapolated to compensate those network effects in WAMS communication. Therefore, in the new scheme, hardware technologies (e.g., GPS-based synchronized sampling technologies) instead of complicated LMIs methods are used to deal with network effects in WAMS communication. So the new control scheme can overcome the conservative nature from LMIs methods and can be implemented practically in real power systems. Simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. C1 [Wang, Shaobu; Gao, Wenzhong] Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lin, Jin] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Wang, SB (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. EM shaobuwang@gmail.com; jianhui.wang@anl.gov; linjin03@mails.tisnghua.edu.cn NR 19 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1949-3053 J9 IEEE T SMART GRID JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid PD JUN PY 2012 VL 3 IS 2 BP 837 EP 845 DI 10.1109/TSG.2012.2183902 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 232HQ UT WOS:000325484200024 ER PT J AU Moss, RH Lane, MA AF Moss, Richard H. Lane, Meredith A. TI US Competitiveness: The Mexican Connection SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Moss, Richard H.] Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Moss, RH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM rhm@pnnl.gov; mlane@nas.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0748-5492 EI 1938-1557 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD SUM PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP 27 EP 34 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA V30TV UT WOS:000208839200021 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knapitsch, A Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Caudron, J Ceard, L De Jeneret, JD Delaere, C Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Damiao, DD Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Darmenov, N Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Karadzhinova, A Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Cabrera, A Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Dzelalija, M Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Hektor, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Czellar, S Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Sillou, D Besancon, M Choudhury, S Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Marionneau, M Millischer, L Rander, J Rosowsky, A Shreyber, I Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Benhabib, L Bianchini, L Bluj, M Broutin, C Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dobrzynski, L Elgammal, S de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Thiebaux, C Veelken, C Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Ferro, C Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Greder, S Juillot, P Karim, M Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Baty, C Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Bedjidian, M Bondu, O Boudoul, G Boumediene, D Brun, H Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Falkiewicz, A Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Le Grand, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of the inclusive production cross sections for forward jets and for dijet events with one forward and one central jet in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID INITIAL-STATE RADIATION; CARLO GENERATOR CASCADE; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PERTURBATION-THEORY; QCD COHERENCE; SMALL-X; SCATTERING; CCFM; LHC AB The inclusive production cross sections for forward jets, as well for jets in dijet events with at least one jet emitted at central and the other at forward pseudorapidities, are measured in the range of transverse momenta p(T) = 35-150 GeV/c in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Forward jets are measured within pseudorapidities 3.2<|eta|<4.7, and central jets within the |eta|<2.8 range. The double differential cross sections with respect to pt and eta are compared to predictions from three approaches in perturbative quantum chromodynamics: (i) next-to-leading-order calculations obtained with and without matching to parton-shower Monte Carlo simulations, (ii) PYTHIA and HERWIG parton-shower event generators with different tunes of parameters, and (iii) CASCADE and HEJ models, including different non-collinear corrections to standard single-parton radiation. The single-jet inclusive forward jet spectrum is well described by all models, but not all predictions are consistent with the spectra observed for the forward-central dijet events. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. 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[Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Segneri, G.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Univ & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Martisiute, D.; Petrov, P.; Polujanskas, M.; Sabonis, T.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De la Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de la Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Exp Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Khein, L.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Proskuryakov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De la Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEA, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Gomez, J. Piedra; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Darmenov, N.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Jung, H.; Guthoff, M.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Mohanty, A. K.; Gurtu, A.; Colaleo, A.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Bacchetta, N.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Mariotti, C.; Pela, J.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Els, M. Gi Ff; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomezreino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Gundacker, S.; Hansen, M.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegeman, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Cittolin, S.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Milenovic, P.; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Schmidt, A.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Wang, M.; Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Camanzi, B.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Mullin, S. D.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Shi, X.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Gomez, J. Piedra; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Park, M.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kim, M.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Harris, P.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northeastern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Kolberg, T.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.; Yazgan, E.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Gurrola, A.; Issah, M.; Johns, W.; Johnston, C.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goadhouse, S.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Bellinger, J. N.; Bernardini, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Efron, J.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Khalil, S.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Radi, A.] Ain Shams Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Karim, M.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Bergholz, M.; Lohmann, W.; Schmidt, R.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [Krajczar, K.; Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Maity, M.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Bakhshiansohi, H.; Fahim, A.; Jafari, A.] Sharif Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran. [Etesami, S. 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Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho, Franciole/N-8101-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014 OI Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Ciulli, Vitaliano/0000-0003-1947-3396; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Varela, Joao/0000-0003-2613-3146; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Carrera, Edgar/0000-0002-0857-8507; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Vieira de Castro Ferreira da Silva, Pedro Manuel/0000-0002-5725-041X; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 IS 6 AR 036 DI 10.1007/JHEP06(2012)036 PG 38 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 974FP UT WOS:000306416500037 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Ceard, L De Jeneret, JD Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Karadzhinova, A Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Cabrera, A Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Dzelalija, M Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Hektor, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Czellar, S Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Sillou, D Besancon, M Choudhury, S Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Marionneau, M Millischer, L Rander, J Rosowsky, A Shreyber, I Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Benhabib, L Bianchini, L Bluj, M Broutin, C Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dobrzynski, L Elgammal, S de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Thiebaux, C Veelken, C Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Ferro, C Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Greder, S Juillot, P Karim, M Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Baty, C Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Bedjidian, M Bondu, O Boudoul, G Boumediene, D Brun, H Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Falkiewicz, A Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Le Grand, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Sordini, V Tosi, S Tschudi, Y Verdier, P Viret, S Lomidze, D Anagnostou, G Beranek, S Edelhoff, M Feld, L Heracleous, N Hindrichs, O Jussen, R Klein, K Merz, J Ostapchuk, A Perieanu, A Raupach, F Sammet, J Schael, S Sprenger, D Weber, H Wittmer, B Zhukov, V Ata, M Caudron, J Dietz-Laursonn, E Erdmann, M Guth, A Hebbeker, T Heidemann, C Hoepfner, K Klimkovich, T Klingebiel, D Kreuzer, P Lanske, D Lingemann, J Magass, C Merschmeyer, M Meyer, A Olschewski, M Papacz, P Pieta, H Reithler, H Schmitz, SA Sonnenschein, L Steggemann, J Teyssier, D Weber, M Bontenackels, M Cherepanov, V Davids, M Flugge, G Geenen, H Geisler, M Ahmad, WH Hoehle, F Kargoll, B Kress, T Kuessel, Y Linn, A Nowack, A Perchalla, L Pooth, O Rennefeld, J Sauerland, P Stahl, A Zoeller, MH Martin, MA Behrenhoff, W Behrens, U Bergholz, M Bethani, A Borras, K Cakir, A Campbell, A Castro, E Dammann, D Eckerlin, G Eckstein, D Flossdorf, A Flucke, G Geiser, A Hauk, J Jung, H Kasemann, M Katsas, P Kleinwort, C Kluge, H Knutsson, A Kramer, M Krucker, D 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Schilling, FP Schmanau, M Schott, G Simonis, HJ Stober, FM Troendle, D Wagner-Kuhr, J Weiler, T Zeise, M Ziebarth, EB Daskalakis, G Geralis, T Kesisoglou, S Kyriakis, A Loukas, D Manolakos, I Markou, A Markou, C Mavrommatis, C Ntomari, E Gouskos, L Mertzimekis, TJ Panagiotou, A Saoulidou, N Stiliaris, E Evangelou, I Foudas, C Kokkas, P Manthos, N Papadopoulos, I Patras, V Triantis, FA Aranyi, A Bencze, G Boldizsar, L Hajdu, C Hidas, P Horvath, D Kapusi, A Krajczar, K Sikler, F Vesztergombi, G Beni, N Molnar, J Palinkas, J Szillasi, Z Veszpremi, V Karancsi, J Raics, P Trocsanyi, ZL Ujvari, B Beri, SB Bhatnagar, V Dhingra, N Gupta, R Jindal, M Kaur, M Kohli, JM Mehta, MZ Nishu, N Saini, LK Sharma, A Singh, AP Singh, J Singh, SP Ahuja, S Choudhary, BC Kumar, A Kumar, A Malhotra, S Naimuddin, M Ranjan, K Sharma, V Shivpuri, RK Banerjee, S Bhattacharya, S Dutta, S Gomber, B Jain, S Jain, S Khurana, R Sarkar, S Choudhury, RK Dutta, D Kailas, S Kumar, V Mohanty, AK Pant, LM Shukla, P Aziz, T Ganguly, S Guchait, M Gurtu, A Maity, M Majumder, D Majumder, G Mazumdar, K Mohanty, GB Parida, B Saha, A Sudhakar, K Wickramage, N Banerjee, S Dugad, S Mondal, NK Arfaei, H Bakhshiansohi, H Etesami, SM Fahim, A Hashemi, M Hesari, H Jafari, A Khakzad, M Mohammadi, A Najafabadi, MM Mehdiabadi, SP Safarzadeh, B Zeinali, M Abbrescia, M Barbone, L Calabria, C Chhibra, SS Colaleo, A Creanza, D De Filippis, N De Palma, M Fiore, L Iaselli, G Lusito, L Maggi, G Maggi, M Manna, N Marangelli, B My, S Nuzzo, S Pacifico, N Pompili, A Pugliese, G Romano, F Selvaggi, G Silvestris, L Singh, G Tupputi, S Zito, G Abbiendi, G Benvenuti, AC Bonacorsi, D Braibant-Giacomelli, S Brigliadori, L Capiluppi, P Castro, A Cavallo, FR Cuffiani, M Dallavalle, GM Fabbri, F Fanfani, A Fasanella, D Giacomelli, P Grandi, C Marcellini, S Masetti, G Meneghelli, M Montanari, A Navarria, FL Odorici, F Perrotta, A Primavera, F Rossi, AM Rovelli, T Siroli, G Travaglini, R Albergo, S Cappello, G Chiorboli, M Costa, S Potenza, 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Mantovani, G Menichelli, M Nappi, A Romeo, F Santocchia, A Taroni, S Valdata, M Azzurri, P Bagliesi, G Boccali, T Broccolo, G Castaldi, R D'Agnolo, RT Dell'Orso, R Fiori, F Foa, L Giassi, A Kraan, A Ligabue, F Lomtadze, T Martini, L Messineo, A Palla, F Palmonari, F Rizzi, A Serban, AT Spagnolo, P Tenchini, R Tonelli, G Venturi, A Verdini, PG Barone, L Cavallari, F Del Re, D Diemoz, M Fanelli, C Franci, D Grassi, M Longo, E Meridiani, P Micheli, F Nourbakhsh, S Organtini, G Pandolfi, F Paramatti, R Rahatlou, S Sigamani, M Soffi, L Amapane, N Arcidiacono, R Argiro, S Arneodo, M Biino, C Botta, C Cartiglia, N Casasso, S Castello, R Costa, M Demaria, N Graziano, A Mariotti, C Maselli, S Migliore, E Monaco, V Musich, M Obertino, MM Pastrone, N Pelliccioni, M Potenza, A Romero, A Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Pereira, AV Belforte, S Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Gobbo, B Marone, M Montanino, D Penzo, A Heo, SG Nam, SK Chang, S Chung, J Kim, DH Kim, GN Kim, JE Kong, DJ Park, H Ro, SR Son, DC Kim, JY Kim, ZJ Song, S Jo, HY Choi, S Gyun, D Hong, B Jo, M Kim, H Kim, TJ Lee, KS Moon, DH Park, SK Seo, E Sim, KS Choi, M Kang, S Kim, H Kim, JH Park, C Park, IC Park, S Ryu, G Cho, Y Choi, Y Choi, YK Goh, J Kim, MS Lee, B Lee, J Lee, S Seo, H Yu, I Bilinskas, MJ Grigelionis, I Janulis, M Castilla-Valdez, H De La Cruz-Burelo, E La Cruz, IHD Lopez-Fernandez, R Villalba, RM Martinez-Ortega, J Sanchez-Hernandez, A Villasenor-Cendejas, LM Moreno, SC Valencia, FV Ibarguen, HAS Linares, EC Pineda, AM Reyes-Santos, MA Krofcheck, D Bell, AJ Butler, PH Doesburg, R Reucroft, S Silverwood, H Ahmad, M Asghar, MI Hoorani, HR Khalid, S Khan, WA Khurshid, T Qazi, S Shah, MA Shoaib, M Brona, G Cwiok, M Dominik, W Doroba, K Kalinowski, A Konecki, M Krolikowski, J Bialkowska, H Boimska, B Frueboes, T Gokieli, R Gorski, M Kazana, M Nawrocki, K Romanowska-Rybinska, K Szleper, M Wrochna, G Zalewski, P Almeida, N Bargassa, P David, A Faccioli, P Parracho, PCF Gallinaro, M Musella, P Nayak, A Pela, J Ribeiro, PQ Seixas, J Varela, J Vischia, P Afanasiev, S Belotelov, I Bunin, P Gavrilenko, M Golutvin, I Gorbunov, I Kamenev, A Karjavin, V Kozlov, G Laney, A Moisenz, P Palichik, V Perelygin, V Shmatov, S Smirnov, V Volodko, A Zarubin, A Evstyukhin, S Golovtsov, V Ivanov, Y Kim, V Levchenko, P Murzin, V Oreshkin, V Smirnov, I Sulimov, V Uvarov, L Vavilov, S Vorobyev, A Vorobyev, A Andreev, Y Dermenev, A Gninenko, S Golubev, N Kirsanov, M Krasnikov, N Matveev, V Pashenkov, A Toropin, A Troitsky, S Epshteyn, V Erofeeva, M Gavrilov, V Kossov, M Krokhotin, A Lychkovskaya, N Popov, V Safronov, G Semenov, S Stolin, V Vlasov, E Zhokin, A Belyaev, A Boos, E Dubinin, M Dudko, L Ershov, A Gribushin, A Kodolova, O Lokhtin, I Markina, A Obraztsov, S Perfilov, M Petrushanko, S Sarycheva, L Savrin, V Snigirev, A Andreev, V Azarkin, M Dremin, I Kirakosyan, M Leonidov, A Mesyats, G Rusakov, SV Vinogradov, A Azhgirey, I Bayshev, I Bitioukov, S Grishin, V Kachanov, V Konstantinov, D Korablev, A 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of the Z/gamma* plus b-jet cross section in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering AB The production of b jets in association with a Z/gamma* boson is studied using proton-proton collisions delivered by the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV and recorded by the CMS detector. The inclusive cross section for Z/gamma* + b-jet production is measured in a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb(-1). The Z/gamma* + b-jet cross section with Z/gamma* -> ll (where ll = ee or mu mu) for events with the invariant mass 60 < M-ll < 120 GeV, at least one b jet at the hadron level with p(T) > 25 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, and a separation between the leptons and the jets of Delta R > 0.5 is found to be 5.84 +/- 0.08 (stat.) +/- 0.72 (syst.)(-0.55)(+0.25) (theory) pb. 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[Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Erdmann, M.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phy Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Cakir, A.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I-A; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th; Niegel, M.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F-P; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.; Veszpremi, V.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa; Jain, Sh; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, D.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, EHEP, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Guchait, M.; Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, HECR, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Mondal, N. K.; Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Casasso, S.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Casasso, S.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. C.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Laney, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Lino, N. Co; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Hammer, J.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Jung, H.; Guthoff, M.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Mohanty, A. K.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Bacchetta, N.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Mariotti, C.; Montanino, D.; Pela, J.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Kovalskyi, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Schmidt, A.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Kenny, R. P.; Murray, Iii M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Sonmez, N.; Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Mohammadi, A.; Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Gurrola, A.; Issah, M.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Sonmez, N.; Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goadhouse, S.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Sonmez, N.; Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Sonmez, N.; Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Bellinger, J. 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RI Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Amapane, Nicola/J-3683-2012; Santaolalla, Javier/C-3094-2013; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho, Franciole/N-8101-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Troitsky, Sergey/C-1377-2014; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012 OI Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS; MoST; NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland; MEC; HIP (Finland); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA; NKTH (Hungary); DAE; DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF; WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE; NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON; RosAtom; RAS; RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN; CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK; TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE; NSF (U.S.A.); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union, Regional Development Fund FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 IS 6 AR 126 DI 10.1007/JHEP06(2012)126 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 974GF UT WOS:000306418300035 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of the cross section for production of b(b)over-barX decaying to muons in pp collisions at root s=7TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID HADRONIC Z(0) DECAYS; HEAVY-QUARK PRODUCTION; GLUON SPLITTING RATE; PAIRS; ANNIHILATION; TEV AB A measurement of the inclusive cross section for the process pp -> b (b) over barX -> mu mu X' at root s = 7TeV is presented, based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.9 pb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. By selecting pairs of muons each with pseudorapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, the value sigma(pp -> b<(b)over bar>X -> mu mu X') = 26.4 +/- 0.1 (stat.) +/- 2.4 (syst.) +/- 1.1 (lumi.) nb is obtained for muons with transverse momentum p(T) > 4 GeV, and 5.12 +/- 0.03 (stat.) +/- 0.48 (syst.) +/- 0.20 (lumi.) nb for p(T) > 6 GeV. These results are compared to QCD predictions at leading and next-to-leading orders. 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Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Hoeing, R. S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, S.; Jain, S.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] INFN Sez Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] INFN Sez Catania, Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] INFN Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Montecassiano, F.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] INFN Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.] INFN Sez Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. C.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.] INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] INFN Sez Torino, Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.; Sola, V.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] INFN Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. C.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Parracho, P. C. Ferreira; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Laney, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Guelmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Adiguzel, A.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Adiguzel, A.; Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Gutsche, O.; Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Gutsche, O.; Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kim, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Gurrola, A.; Issah, M.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goadhouse, S.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Bellinger, J. N.; Bernardini, J.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Efron, J.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Chatrchyan, S (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho, Franciole/N-8101-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Troitsky, Sergey/C-1377-2014; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Amapane, Nicola/J-3683-2012; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Maselli, Silvia/J-1599-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012 OI Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549 FU Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique; Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPESP; Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ministry of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; Ministry of Education and Research [SF0690030s09]; European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; Academy of Finland; Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; National Scientific Research Foundation; National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy; Department of Science and Technology, India; Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; Science Foundation, Ireland; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology; World Class University program of NRF, Korea; Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI; Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Science Centre, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Programa Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; ETH Board; ETH Zurich; PSI; SNF; UniZH; Canton Zurich; SER; National Science Council, Taipei; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey; Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Foundation for Polish Science; European Union FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes. This work was supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; the Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; the Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; the Ministry of Education and Research, Recurrent financing contract SF0690030s09 and European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; the National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Korea; the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; the Mexican Funding Agencies (CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the National Science Council, Taipei; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. National Science Foundation.; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 IS 6 AR 110 DI 10.1007/JHEP06(2012)110 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 974GF UT WOS:000306418300020 ER PT J AU Kaplinger, B Wie, B Dearborn, D AF Kaplinger, Brian Wie, Bong Dearborn, David TI Earth-Impact Modeling and Analysis of a Near-Earth Object Fragmented and Dispersed by Nuclear Subsurface Explosions SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Although various technologies, including nuclear explosions, kinetic impactors, and slow-pull gravity tractors, have been proposed for mitigating the impact threat of near-Earth objects (NEOs), there is no consensus on how to reliably deflect or disrupt such hazardous NEOs in a timely manner. This paper describes the orbital dispersion modeling, analysis, and simulation of an NEO fragmented and dispersed by nuclear subsurface explosions. It is shown that various fundamental approaches of Keplerian orbital dynamics can be effectively employed for the orbital dispersion analysis of fragmented NEOs. This paper also shows that, under certain conditions, proper disruption using a nuclear subsurface explosion with shallow burial is a feasible strategy, providing considerable impact damage reduction if all other approaches fail. C1 [Kaplinger, Brian; Wie, Bong] Iowa State Univ, Asteroid Deflect Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dearborn, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kaplinger, B (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Asteroid Deflect Res Ctr, Dept Aerosp Engn, 2271 Howe Hall,Room 2325, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM bdkaplin@iastate.edu; bongwie@iastate.edu; dearborn2@llnl.gov OI Kaplinger, Brian/0000-0002-0329-2294 FU Iowa Space Grant Consortium (ISGC); U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This research work by the first two authors was supported by a research grant from the Iowa Space Grant Consortium (ISGC) awarded to the Asteroid Deflection Research Center at Iowa State University. These authors would like to thank Dr. Ramanathan Sugumaran (Director, ISGC) for his support of this research work. Part of this work by the third author was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors thank Dr. Daero Lee and Dakshesh Patel for validating the orbital dispersion analysis results of this paper by using the various fundamental approaches of Keplerian orbital dynamics, including the state transition matrix approach of reference [18]. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 USA SN 0021-9142 EI 2195-0571 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 103 EP 121 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA V35BF UT WOS:000209125300008 ER PT J AU Miller, PR Skoog, SA Edwards, TL Wheeler, DR Xiao, XY Brozik, SM Polsky, R Narayan, RJ AF Miller, Philip R. Skoog, Shelby A. Edwards, Thayne L. Wheeler, David R. Xiao, Xiaoyin Brozik, Susan M. Polsky, Ronen Narayan, Roger J. TI Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Bioengineering; Issue 64; Biomedical Engineering; Microneedle; Microneedle sensors; multiplexed detection; electrochemistry; stereolithography AB The development of a minimally invasive multiplexed monitoring system for rapid analysis of biologically-relevant molecules could offer individuals suffering from chronic medical conditions facile assessment of their immediate physiological state. Furthermore, it could serve as a research tool for analysis of complex, multifactorial medical conditions. In order for such a multianalyte sensor to be realized, it must be minimally invasive, sampling of interstitial fluid must occur without pain or harm to the user, and analysis must be rapid as well as selective. Initially developed for pain-free drug delivery, microneedles have been used to deliver vaccines and pharmacologic agents (e.g., insulin) through the skin.(1-2) Since these devices access the interstitial space, microneedles that are integrated with microelectrodes can be used as transdermal electrochemical sensors. Selective detection of glucose, glutamate, lactate, hydrogen peroxide, and ascorbic acid has been demonstrated using integrated microneedle-electrode devices with carbon fibers, modified carbon pastes, and platinum-coated polymer microneedles serving as transducing elements.(3-7,8) This microneedle sensor technology has enabled a novel and sophisticated analytical approach for in situ and simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. Multiplexing offers the possibility of monitoring complex microenvironments, which are otherwise difficult to characterize in a rapid and minimally invasive manner. For example, this technology could be utilized for simultaneous monitoring of extracellular levels of, glucose, lactate and pH,(9) which are important metabolic indicators of disease states(7,10-14) (e.g., cancer proliferation) and exercise-induced acidosis.(15) C1 [Miller, Philip R.; Skoog, Shelby A.; Narayan, Roger J.] Univ N Carolina, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Miller, Philip R.; Skoog, Shelby A.; Narayan, Roger J.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Miller, Philip R.; Edwards, Thayne L.; Wheeler, David R.; Xiao, Xiaoyin; Brozik, Susan M.; Polsky, Ronen] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Biosensors & Nanomat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Polsky, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Biosensors & Nanomat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rpolsky@sandia.gov; roger_narayan@unc.edu FU United Stated Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) program FX Sandia is multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United Stated Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors acknowledge funding from Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) program. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 19 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JUN PY 2012 IS 64 AR UNSP e4067 DI 10.3791/4067 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36PI UT WOS:000209223100041 PM 22688693 ER PT J AU Liu, XW Sirotkin, Y Shen, YF Anderson, G Tsai, YS Ting, YS Goodlett, DR Smith, RD Bafna, V Pevzner, PA AF Liu, Xiaowen Sirotkin, Yakov Shen, Yufeng Anderson, Gordon Tsai, Yihsuan S. Ting, Ying S. Goodlett, David R. Smith, Richard D. Bafna, Vineet Pevzner, Pavel A. TI Protein Identification Using Top-Down SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; INTACT PROTEINS; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; SPECTROMETRY; PROTEOMICS; SEARCH; BIOSYNTHESIS; DISSOCIATION; TRANSLATION AB In the last two years, because of advances in protein separation and mass spectrometry, top-down mass spectrometry moved from analyzing single proteins to analyzing complex samples and identifying hundreds and even thousands of proteins. However, computational tools for database search of top-down spectra against protein databases are still in their infancy. We describe MS-Align+, a fast algorithm for top-down protein identification based on spectral alignment that enables searches for unexpected post-translational modifications. We also propose a method for evaluating statistical significance of top-down protein identifications and further benchmark various software tools on two top-down data sets from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Salmonella typhimurium. We demonstrate that MS-Align+ significantly increases the number of identified spectra as compared with MASCOT and OMSSA on both data sets. Although MS-Align+ and ProSightPC have similar performance on the Salmonella typhimurium data set, MS-Align+ outperforms ProSightPC on the (more complex) Saccharomyces cerevisiae data set. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 11: 10.1074/mcp.M111.008524, 1-13, 2012. C1 [Liu, Xiaowen; Bafna, Vineet; Pevzner, Pavel A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Sirotkin, Yakov; Pevzner, Pavel A.] St Petersburg Acad Univ, Russian Acad Sci, Algorithm Biol Lab, St Petersburg, Russia. [Shen, Yufeng; Anderson, Gordon; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tsai, Yihsuan S.; Ting, Ying S.; Goodlett, David R.] Univ Washington, Dept Med Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Pevzner, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. EM ppevzner@cs.ucsd.edu RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Tsai, Yihsuan/I-1924-2013 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Tsai, Yihsuan/0000-0003-2107-4300 FU National Center for Research Resources of NIH [P-41-RR024851]; Russian Government; NCRR Center; BER pan-omics grant; NW Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Mass Spectrometry Core [5 U54 AI057141] FX The research of X. L, V. B, and P. A. P was partially supported by the National Center for Research Resources of NIH via grant P-41-RR024851. The research of Y.S and P. A. P was partially supported by a megagrant program from the Russian Government. The research of Y.S, G. A, and R. D. S was partially supported by the NCRR Center grant and BER pan-omics grant. The research of Y.S. T, Y.S. T and D. R. G was partially supported by NW Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Mass Spectrometry Core 5 U54 AI057141. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 EI 1535-9484 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 11 IS 6 AR M111.008524 DI 10.1074/mcp.M111.008524 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 974CX UT WOS:000306408500036 PM 22027200 ER PT J AU Armijo, LM Brandt, YI Mathew, D Yadav, S Maestas, S Rivera, AC Cook, NC Withers, NJ Smolyakov, GA Adolphi, NL Monson, TC Huber, DL Smyth, HDC Osinski, M AF Armijo, Leisha M. Brandt, Yekaterina I. Mathew, Dimple Yadav, Surabhi Maestas, Salomon Rivera, Antonio C. Cook, Nathaniel C. Withers, Nathan J. Smolyakov, Gennady A. Adolphi, Natalie L. Monson, Todd C. Huber, Dale L. Smyth, Hugh D. C. Osinski, Marek TI Iron Oxide Nanocrystals for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications SO NANOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE iron oxide nanocrystals; hyperthermia; thermotherapy; ferrofluid AB Magnetic nanocrystals have been investigated extensively in the past several years for several potential applications, such as information technology, MRI contrast agents, and for drug conjugation and delivery. A specific property of interest in biomedicine is magnetic hyperthermia-an increase in temperature resulting from the thermal energy released by magnetic nanocrystals in an external alternating magnetic field. Iron oxide nanocrystals of various sizes and morphologies were synthesized and tested for specific losses (heating power) using frequencies of 111.1 kHz and 629.2 kHz, and corresponding magnetic field strengths of 9 and 25 mT. Polymorphous nanocrystals as well as spherical nanocrystals and nanowires in paramagnetic to ferromagnetic size range exhibited good heating power. A remarkable 30 degrees C temperature increase was observed in a nanowire sample at 111 kHz and magnetic field of 25 mT (19.6 kA/m), which is very close to the typical values of 100 kHz and 20 mT used in medical treatments. C1 [Armijo, Leisha M.; Brandt, Yekaterina I.; Mathew, Dimple; Yadav, Surabhi; Maestas, Salomon; Rivera, Antonio C.; Cook, Nathaniel C.; Withers, Nathan J.; Smolyakov, Gennady A.; Osinski, Marek] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Adolphi, Natalie L.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Monson, Todd C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Huber, Dale L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Smyth, Hugh D. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Osinski, M (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM leishyne@unm.edu; ybrandt@salud.unm.edu; dmathew@chtm.unm.edu; surabhi.iitd@gmail.com; salomon@unm.edu; arivera@chtm.unm.edu; ncook93@unm.edu; nwithers@chtm.unm.edu; gen@chtm.unm.edu; nadolphi@salud.unm.edu; tmonson@sandia.gov; dlhuber@sandia.gov; hsmyth@mail.utexas.edu; osinski@chtm.unm.edu RI Huber, Dale/A-6006-2008 OI Huber, Dale/0000-0001-6872-8469 FU NIH [1R21HL092812-01A1, GM-060201]; NSF [DGE-0549500]; CINT/SNL [U2010B1079]; DoE [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by NIH under the Grant No. 1R21HL092812-01A1 "Multifunctional Nanocrystals: Nano-Knives and Nano-Pullies for Enhanced Drug Delivery to the Lung", by NIH under the Grant No. GM-060201 "Initiatives to Maximize Student Diversity", and by the NSF IGERT program on "Integrating Nanotechnology with Cell Biology and Neuroscience", Grant No. DGE-0549500. This work was performed in part at CINT/SNL under Project No. U2010B1079 "Characterization of Multifunctional Nanocrystals for Enhanced Drug Delivery to the Lung", funded by DoE contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2079-4991 J9 NANOMATERIALS-BASEL JI Nanomaterials PD JUN PY 2012 VL 2 IS 2 BP 134 EP 146 DI 10.3390/nano2020134 PG 13 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA V34FN UT WOS:000209072400003 PM 28348300 ER PT J AU Zheng, WW Chiamori, HC Liu, GL Lin, LW Chen, FF AF Zheng, Wenwei Chiamori, Heather C. Liu, Gang Logan Lin, Liwei Chen, Fanqing Frank TI Nanofabricated plasmonic nano-bio hybrid structures in biomedical detection SO NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE genomic sensing; localized surface plasmon spectroscopy (LSPR); nano-bio hybrids; plasmonic nano-resonance; plasmonic structures; proteomic sensing; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); surface enhancements; surface plasmons AB Our study of biological systems increasingly depends on our ability to dynamically and quantitatively measure the molecular processes with high sensitivity, speed, flexibility, multiplexity, throughput, and reproducibility, usually within the context of a complex biological and chemical mixture of tiny amount. To address these major challenges, plasmon-resonant nanostructure biomolecule hybrids (nano-bio hybrids), so-called plasmonic nanobiosensors, are being developed and viewed as one key breakthrough area for real-time and parallelized biomedical analysis with high sensitivity and selectivity. Hereby, we present a solution of integrated plasmonic system by synergizing three core techniques: (i) nanoplasmonics that manipulates electromagnetic radiation (light) at dielectric-metal interfaces by tuning properties of nanomaterials, (ii) nanofabrication and controlled synthesis of nanomaterials containing noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag, Pt, and Cu), and (iii) bioconjugates techniques that modify surface of nanomaterials with various bioprobes (e.g., antibodies, enzymes, aptamers, and molecular imprint polymers). Applications of these plasmonic nano-bio hybrid structures are also discussed. C1 [Zheng, Wenwei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zheng, Wenwei; Liu, Gang Logan; Chen, Fanqing Frank] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chiamori, Heather C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chiamori, Heather C.; Lin, Liwei] Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Gang Logan] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Chen, FF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM f_chen@lbl.gov FU Agilent Foundation; NIEHS [1RC2ES018812-01]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-30828010]; DOD [W81XWH-07-1-0663_BC061995]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; DARPA; MEMS FX This work was funded by a generous gift from the Agilent Foundation, NIEHS grant 1RC2ES018812-01, National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant NSFC-30828010, DOD grant W81XWH-07-1-0663_BC061995, U.S. DOE contract DE-AC03-76SF00098, DARPA and MEMS fundamental science program. NR 149 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 29 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2191-9089 EI 2191-9097 J9 NANOTECHNOL REV JI Nanotechnol. Rev. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 1 IS 3 BP 213 EP 233 DI 10.1515/ntrev-2011-0008 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA V32WY UT WOS:000208982500002 ER PT J AU Garlock, RJ Wong, YS Balan, V Dale, BE AF Garlock, Rebecca J. Wong, Yi Siang Balan, Venkatesh Dale, Bruce E. TI AFEX Pretreatment and Enzymatic Conversion of Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) to Soluble Sugars SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ammonia fiber expansion pretreatment; Black locust; Bioethanol; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Hardwood ID FIBER EXPANSION AFEX; CORN STOVER; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; DECAY RESISTANCE; ESTER LINKAGES; FAGUS-CRENATA; CELL-WALL; WOOD; HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL AB Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), like willow and poplar, is a hardwood species which can be grown in coppice for bioenergy production, and because of its nitrogen-fixing ability, it can be cultivated with higher yields on less productive land. For these experiments, we examined the feasibility of using ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment to increase the saccharification yields from black locust grown for bioethanol production, as well as examine the impact of posttreatments (hot-water washing and additional size reduction) on sugar yields. The optimal AFEX conditions for black locust were 180A degrees C, 1.0 g NH3/g dry biomass, 2.5 g H2O/g dry biomass, for 30 min residence time, and of the parameters tested, temperature had the greatest impact on yields. Yields from the sample without posttreatment and hydrolyzed at the standard enzyme loading were very low: < 30% glucose and similar to 50% hemicellulose. Both hot-water washing and size reduction improved yields; however, size reduction had a more significant effect indicating that increasing enzyme accessibility is more important for digestibility as opposed to the removal of soluble inhibitors. The effect of size reduction was comparable to that obtained by quadrupling the enzyme loading, increasing glucose yields by similar to 20-30% and hemicellulose yields by similar to 20%. Untreated black locust is known to contain compounds which are inhibitory to both enzymes and microorganisms and AFEX pretreatment neutralizes this inhibitory effect to some extent. C1 [Garlock, Rebecca J.; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, Biomass Convers Res Lab, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Garlock, Rebecca J.; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce E.] DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI USA. [Wong, Yi Siang] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Nanyang, Singapore. RP Garlock, RJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Biomass Convers Res Lab, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 3900 Collins Rd Suite 1045, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM garlock1@msu.edu OI Ong, Rebecca/0000-0001-5020-646X FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This project was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). We would like to acknowledge Dr. Kyung-Hwan Han's lab in the Forestry department at Michigan State University and Paul Bloese from the MSU Tree Research Center for providing the black locust cuttings which were used for these experiments. We also appreciate Genencor, a Danisco Division for providing the Spezyme CP enzyme and Dr. Nancy Ho and her colleagues at Purdue for providing the S. cerevisiae 424A (LHN-ST) which was used for the fermentation experiments. We also gratefully acknowledge all the colleagues in the Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory for their assistance and insights, particularly Christa Gunawan for performing the fermentation experiments and obtaining the HPLC data. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 BP 306 EP 318 DI 10.1007/s12155-011-9134-6 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 934XT UT WOS:000303480800005 ER PT J AU Bals, BD Teymouri, F Campbell, T Jin, MJ Dale, BE AF Bals, Bryan D. Teymouri, Farzaneh Campbell, Tim Jin, Mingjie Dale, Bruce E. TI Low Temperature and Long Residence Time AFEX Pretreatment of Corn Stover SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AFEX; Biofuel; Corn stover; Pretreatment; Ammonia; Regional processing ID ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; AQUEOUS AMMONIA; RICE STRAW; TECHNOLOGIES; SWITCHGRASS; SOAKING AB Low temperature and long residence time pretreatments have been proposed as an alternative to conventional pretreatments within a centralized biorefinery, allowing for a decentralized pretreatment without high energy costs. Ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX (TM)) pretreatment may be uniquely suitable for decentralized pretreatment, and this study considers the possibility of decreasing the temperature in AFEX pretreatment of corn stover. AFEX pretreatment at 40A degrees C and 8 h produced comparable sugar and ethanol yields as conventional AFEX pretreatment at high temperatures and short residence time during subsequent hydrolysis and fermentation. Increasing the ammonia loading at these temperatures tends to increase digestibility, although the moisture content of the reaction has little effect. This study suggests a greater flexibility in AFEX pretreatment conditions than previously thought, allowing for an alternative approach for decentralized facilities if the economic conditions are appropriate. C1 [Bals, Bryan D.; Jin, Mingjie; Dale, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Biomass Convers Res Lab, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Bals, Bryan D.; Jin, Mingjie; Dale, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Teymouri, Farzaneh; Campbell, Tim] MBI Int, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. RP Bals, BD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Biomass Convers Res Lab, 3815 Technol Blvd Suite 1045, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM balsbrya@msu.edu RI Jin, Mingjie/I-4616-2012; OI Jin, Mingjie/0000-0002-9493-305X FU Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DEFC02-07ER64494] FX This project was funded in part by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. Additional funding was provided by DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (www.greatlakesbioenergy.org) supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through Cooperative Agreement DEFC02-07ER64494. AFEX is a trademark of MBI International. The corn stover used in this project was provided by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and the Spezyme CP, Multifect Xylanase, and Multifect Pectinase were donated by Genencor International. We would like to thank Christa Gunawan and Heather Hodge for providing the HPLC analysis, as well as Janette Moore for her help in performing enzymatic hydrolysis. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 BP 372 EP 379 DI 10.1007/s12155-011-9140-8 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 934XT UT WOS:000303480800010 ER PT J AU Zhu, YM Mohammadi, A Ralph, J AF Zhu, Yimin Mohammadi, Allison Ralph, John TI Facile Synthesis of 4-Hydroxycinnamaldehydes SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Diisobutylaluminum hydride; 4-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde; Lignin; Reduction; Weinreb amide ID STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS; SINAPYL ALCOHOLS; ALPINIA-GALANGA; CINNAMIC-ACIDS; LIGNIN; CONIFERYL; CINNAMALDEHYDES; ALDEHYDES; PHENYLPROPANOIDS; BIOSYNTHESIS AB 4-Hydroxycinnamaldehydes are key intermediates in the biosynthesis and degradation of lignins, the class of aromatic polymers that are responsible for much of the recalcitrance in converting lignocellulosic biomass to liquid fuels. Access to these aldehydes is needed for investigation of biochemical pathways, a crucial step in manipulating lignin biosynthesis for cost-effective biofuels production. Here, p-coumaraldehyde, caffealdehyde, coniferaldehyde, and sinapaldehyde were efficiently prepared by coupling the corresponding 4-hydroxycinnamic acids with N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine, followed by selective reduction with diisobutylaluminum hydride. The protecting-group-free total synthesis of these aldehydes does not require the use of a controlled atmosphere, nor chromatographic purification; thus, although it remains in the realm of moderately well-trained synthetic chemists, the syntheses are particularly convenient. C1 [Zhu, Yimin; Mohammadi, Allison; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Zhu, Yimin; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhu, YM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, 1710 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM zhu6@wisc.edu FU Stanford Global Climate and Energy Project; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX We are grateful to the Stanford Global Climate and Energy Project, and the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494) for partial support of this research. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 BP 407 EP 411 DI 10.1007/s12155-011-9151-5 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 934XT UT WOS:000303480800014 ER PT J AU Ricotti, L Polini, A Genchi, GG Ciofani, G Iandolo, D Vazao, H Mattoli, V Ferreira, L Menciassi, A Pisignano, D AF Ricotti, Leonardo Polini, Alessandro Genchi, Giada G. Ciofani, Gianni Iandolo, Donata Vazao, Helena Mattoli, Virgilio Ferreira, Lino Menciassi, Arianna Pisignano, Dario TI Proliferation and skeletal myotube formation capability of C2C12 and H9c2 cells on isotropic and anisotropic electrospun nanofibrous PHB scaffolds SO BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; MUSCLE; DIFFERENTIATION; FIBERS; STIMULATION; POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES; ALIGNMENT; DRUG; POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE; BIOCOMPATIBILITY AB This study aims at investigating the behavior in terms of the proliferation and skeletal muscle differentiation capability of two myoblastic cell lines, C2C12 and H9c2, on both isotropic and anisotropic electrospun nanofibrous poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) scaffolds, as well as on PHB films and polystyrene controls. After a careful characterization of the matrices in terms of surface morphology, surface roughness and mechanical properties, the proliferation rate and the capability of the two cell lines to form skeletal myotubes were evaluated. Genetic analyses were also performed in order to assess the differentiation level of the cells on the different substrates. We demonstrated that the aligned nanofibrous mesh decreases the proliferation activity and provides a higher differentiative stimulus. We also clarified how the nanofibrous substrate influences myotube formation, and quantified a series of myotube-related parameters for both C2C12 and H9c2 cells. C1 [Ricotti, Leonardo; Genchi, Giada G.; Menciassi, Arianna] Scuola Super Sant Anna, Biorobot Inst, I-56025 Pisa, Italy. [Ricotti, Leonardo; Ciofani, Gianni; Mattoli, Virgilio; Menciassi, Arianna] IIT, Ctr MicroBioRobot IIT SSSA, I-56025 Pisa, Italy. [Polini, Alessandro; Iandolo, Donata; Pisignano, Dario] CNR Nanosci, Natl Nanotechnol Lab, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Vazao, Helena; Ferreira, Lino] Biocant Ctr Innovat & Biotechnol, Cantanhede, Portugal. [Vazao, Helena; Ferreira, Lino] Univ Coimbra, CNC Ctr Neurosci & Cell Biol, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. [Pisignano, Dario] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Ingn Innovaz, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Pisignano, Dario] Ist Italiano Tecnol UniLe, Ctr Biomol Nanotechnol, I-73010 Lecce, Italy. [Polini, Alessandro] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ricotti, L (reprint author), Scuola Super Sant Anna, Biorobot Inst, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, I-56025 Pisa, Italy. EM l.ricotti@sssup.it RI Polini, Alessandro/A-2077-2012; Mattoli, Virgilio/A-6744-2017; Ricotti, Leonardo/J-5592-2013; Ciofani, Gianni/D-3761-2009; Pisignano, Dario/M-8309-2015; Iandolo, Donata/A-3641-2016 OI Polini, Alessandro/0000-0002-3188-983X; Mattoli, Virgilio/0000-0002-4715-8353; Genchi, Giada Graziana/0000-0002-2154-7991; Ricotti, Leonardo/0000-0001-8797-3742; ferreira, lino/0000-0001-8985-9302; Vazao, Helena/0000-0002-5955-4804; Ciofani, Gianni/0000-0003-1192-3647; Pisignano, Dario/0000-0003-3758-5199; Iandolo, Donata/0000-0002-8090-8427 FU Italian Ministry of University and Research-FIRB [RBIP068JL9, RBNE08BNL7] FX The authors are grateful to Carlo Filippeschi for his help during the clean-room procedures. The NNL group acknowledges support from the Italian Ministry of University and Research-FIRB Contracts RBIP068JL9 and RBNE08BNL7 (MERIT Program). NR 50 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 30 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-6041 J9 BIOMED MATER JI Biomed. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 AR 035010 DI 10.1088/1748-6041/7/3/035010 PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 937OK UT WOS:000303667600010 PM 22477772 ER PT J AU Romero-Meza, JA Lance, SL Ortega, J AF Antonio Romero-Meza, Jose Lance, Stacey L. Ortega, Jorge TI A new set of microsatellite loci for Leptonycteris yerbabuenae and cross species amplification with other glossophagines SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE 454 Sequencing; Ascertainment bias; Glossophagines; Leptonycteris yerbabuenae; Microsatellites ID DNA AB A technique based on 454 sequencing of an enriched library was used to construct genomic libraries highly enriched for microsatellite loci for Leptonycteris yerbabuenae. Twenty-four polymorphic microsatellites were developed and tested as markers in the target species. We probed ascertainment bias in 5 different glossophagines (L. nivalis, Glossophaga leachii, G. soricina, Anoura geoffroyi, and Choeronycteris mexicana), indicating their potential utility for suitable studies of population genetics and other related analyses. Levels of expected heterozygosity were medium-low for all markers (mean H-E = 0.147, range 0.008-0.46). C1 [Antonio Romero-Meza, Jose; Ortega, Jorge] Inst Politecn Nacl, Lab Ictiol & Limnol, Dept Zool, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. [Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Ortega, J (reprint author), Inst Politecn Nacl, Lab Ictiol & Limnol, Dept Zool, Escuela Nacl Ciencias Biol, Prolongac Carpio & Plan Ayala S-N, Mexico City 11340, DF, Mexico. EM artibeus2@aol.com RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU FOMIX-Campeche (CONACyT) [95900]; DOE [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX Financial support was provided by FOMIX-Campeche (CONACyT) 95900. Tissue samples were obtained from L. Leon (Museo de Zoologia, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM), A. Rendon (Instituto Tecnologico de la Cuenca del Papaloapan), C. Lopez (CIIDIR-Durango, IPN), and O. Gaona/R. S. Galicia (Instituto de Ecologia, UNAM). We thank the field assistance provided by I. Campos and A. Hernandez-Davila. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the DOE under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 2 BP 291 EP 294 DI 10.1007/s12686-011-9527-z PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 935QZ UT WOS:000303536400019 ER PT J AU Cramer, KL Jackson, JBC Angioletti, CV Leonard-Pingel, J Guilderson, TP AF Cramer, Katie L. Jackson, Jeremy B. C. Angioletti, Christopher V. Leonard-Pingel, Jill Guilderson, Thomas P. TI Anthropogenic mortality on coral reefs in Caribbean Panama predates coral disease and bleaching SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Acropora cervicornis; Bocas del Toro; climate change; corals; Dendostrea frons; historical ecology; land use; molluscs; shifting baselines ID PHASE-SHIFTS; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WEST-INDIES; ECOSYSTEMS; RADIOCARBON; ECOLOGY; SCALE; CONVERGENCE; DEGRADATION AB Ecology Letters (2012) Abstract Caribbean reef corals have declined precipitously since the 1980s due to regional episodes of bleaching, disease and algal overgrowth, but the extent of earlier degradation due to localised historical disturbances such as land clearing and overfishing remains unresolved. We analysed coral and molluscan fossil assemblages from reefs near Bocas del Toro, Panama to construct a timeline of ecological change from the 19th centurypresent. We report large changes before 1960 in coastal lagoons coincident with extensive deforestation, and after 1960 on offshore reefs. Striking changes include the demise of previously dominant staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis and oyster Dendrostrea frons that lives attached to gorgonians and staghorn corals. Reductions in bivalve size and simplification of gastropod trophic structure further implicate increasing environmental stress on reefs. Our paleoecological data strongly support the hypothesis, from extensive qualitative data, that Caribbean reef degradation predates coral bleaching and disease outbreaks linked to anthropogenic climate change. C1 [Cramer, Katie L.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.; Angioletti, Christopher V.; Leonard-Pingel, Jill] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Cramer, Katie L.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archaeol, Balboa, Panama. [Guilderson, Thomas P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Guilderson, Thomas P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Cramer, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM katie.cramer@gmail.com NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 6 BP 561 EP 567 DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01768.x PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 937NW UT WOS:000303666200007 PM 22462739 ER PT J AU Frank, DA Pontes, AW McFarlane, KJ AF Frank, Douglas A. Pontes, Alyssa W. McFarlane, Karis J. TI Controls on Soil Organic Carbon Stocks and Turnover Among North American Ecosystems SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE carbon turnover; climate change; radiocarbon; soil carbon; terrestrial ecosystems; terrestrial production ID TEMPERATE GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM; LUQUILLO EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; PUERTO-RICO; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS; MINERAL PHASES; MATTER; RADIOCARBON; VEGETATION; DECOMPOSITION; NITROGEN AB Despite efforts to understand the factors that determine soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in terrestrial ecosystems, there remains little information on how SOC turnover time varies among ecosystems, and how SOC turnover time and C input, via plant production, differentially contribute to regional patterns of SOC stocks. In this study, we determined SOC stocks (gC m(-2)) and used soil radiocarbon measurements to derive mean SOC turnover time (years) for 0-10 cm mineral soil at ten sites across North America that included arctic tundra, northern boreal, northern and southern hardwood, subtropical, and tropical forests, tallgrass and shortgrass prairie, mountain grassland, and desert. SOC turnover time ranged 36-fold among ecosystems, and was much longer for cold tundra and northern boreal forest and dry desert (1277-2151 years) compared to other warmer and wetter habitats (59-353 years). Two measures of C input, net aboveground production (NAP), determined from the literature, and a radiocarbon-derived measure of C flowing to the 0-10 cm mineral pool, , were positively and SOC turnover time was negatively associated with mean annual evapotranspiration (ET) among ecosystems. The best fit model generated from the independent variables NAP, annual mean temperature and precipitation, ET, and clay content revealed that SOC stock was best explained by the single variable . Overall, these findings indicate the primary role that C input and the secondary role that C stabilization play in determining SOC stocks at large regional spatial scales and highlight the large vulnerability of the global SOC pool to climate change. C1 [Frank, Douglas A.; Pontes, Alyssa W.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Biol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [McFarlane, Karis J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Frank, DA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Biol, Life Sci Complex, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM dafrank@syr.edu OI McFarlane, Karis/0000-0001-6390-7863 FU NSF [DEB-0318716] FX The authors wish to thank J. Blair, P. Bohlen, S. Collins, J. Fridley, P. Groffman, M. Harner, B. Laurenroth, L. Martel, R. Ruess, and Jess Zimmerman for help collecting the soils. C. Johnson provided helpful comments on an early draft. This research was funded by NSF Grant DEB-0318716. NR 70 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 83 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JUN PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP 604 EP 615 DI 10.1007/s10021-012-9534-2 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 940DG UT WOS:000303869600007 ER PT J AU McNeil, MA Bojda, N AF McNeil, Michael A. Bojda, Nicholas TI Cost-effectiveness of high-efficiency appliances in the U.S. residential sector: A case study SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Appliances; Efficiency; Cost-effectiveness AB This paper presents an analysis of the cost-effectiveness of high-efficiency appliances in the U.S. residential sector using cost and efficiency data developed as part of the regulatory process of the U.S. Department of Energy's Appliances and Commercial Equipment Standards Program. These data are presented as a case study in the development of an 'efficiency technology database' which can be expanded and published as a resource to other researchers and policy makers seeking scenarios that optimize efficiency policies and forecast their likely impacts on energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. The use of this data to evaluate cost-effectiveness according to a variety of metrics is demonstrated using the example of one refrigerator-freezer product class. Cost-effectiveness is then evaluated in terms of cost of conserved energy for refrigerators, room air conditioners, water heaters, cooking equipment, central air conditioners and gas furnaces. The resulting potential of cost-effective improvement ranges from 1% to 53% of energy savings, with a typical potential of 15-20%. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McNeil, Michael A.; Bojda, Nicholas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McNeil, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MAMcNeil@lbl.gov; NBojda@lbl.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.050 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941IK UT WOS:000303956700006 ER PT J AU Eom, J Schipper, L Thompson, L AF Eom, Jiyong Schipper, Lee Thompson, Lou TI We keep on truckin': Trends in freight energy use and carbon emissions in 11 IEA countries SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the European-Council-for-an-Energy-Efficient-Economy (ECEEE) CY JUN, 2011 CL FRANCE SP European Council Energy Efficient Econ (ECEEE) DE Freight transportation; Energy efficiency; CO2 emissions ID PASSENGER TRANSPORT; GROWTH AB Based on detailed national and international data on freight transportation, we analyze trends in freight CO2 emissions in 11 IEA countries from the earliest year of data availability to 2007-2010. The cross-country comparison of the freight transportation sector indicates that per capita CO2 emissions span a wide range and are mostly determined by local needs without full knowledge or coordination with policies and practices in other countries. Over the last several decades, while many developed countries have experienced decreased coupling between total freight activity (measured in tonne-km) and income, no major indication of decreased coupling between trucking and income was found. Rather, the coupling has been strengthened in many countries due to a continued increase in the share of trucking in total freight activity. The energy intensity of trucking has exhibited very large variation among the countries, and its recent international trends are mixed, providing greater challenges to reduce freight CO2 emissions. Modal shift toward rail away from truck presents a sizeable opportunity to reduce freight CO2 emissions, although the potential gain varies widely among the countries. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Eom, Jiyong] Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Schipper, Lee] Stanford Univ, Precourt Energy Efficiency Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Eom, J (reprint author), Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jiyong.eom@pnl.gov RI Eom, Jiyong/A-1161-2014 NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 327 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.02.040 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941IK UT WOS:000303956700035 ER PT J AU Raugei, M Fullana-i-Palmer, P Fthenakis, V AF Raugei, Marco Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere Fthenakis, Vasilis TI The energy return on energy investment (EROI) of photovoltaics: Methodology and comparisons with fossil fuel life cycles SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE EROI; Photovoltaics; Electricity ID UNITED-STATES; NET ENERGY; POWER-SYSTEMS; PEAK OIL; GAS; ELECTRICITY; EXTRACTION; GROWTH; LIMITS; WIND AB A high energy return on energy investment (EROI) of an energy production process is crucial to its long-term viability. The EROI of conventional thermal electricity from fossil fuels has been viewed as being much higher than those of renewable energy life-cycles, and specifically of photovoltaics (PVs). We show that this is largely a misconception fostered by the use of outdated data and, often, a lack of consistency among calculation methods. We hereby present a thorough review of the methodology, discuss methodological variations and present updated EROI values for a range of modern PV systems, in comparison to conventional fossil-fuel based electricity life-cycles. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Raugei, Marco; Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere] Univ Pompeu Fabra, ESCI, UNESCO Chair Life Cycle & Climate Change, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Raugei, Marco; Fthenakis, Vasilis] Columbia Univ, Ctr Life Cycle Anal, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Fthenakis, Vasilis] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Photovolta Environm Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Raugei, M (reprint author), Univ Pompeu Fabra, ESCI, UNESCO Chair Life Cycle & Climate Change, Barcelona 08003, Spain. EM marco.raugei@esci.upf.edu RI Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere/J-6174-2013; Raugei, Marco/N-4737-2015 OI Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere/0000-0003-0013-5098; Raugei, Marco/0000-0001-5026-8556 NR 43 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 5 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 576 EP 582 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.008 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941IK UT WOS:000303956700060 ER PT J AU Ke, J Zheng, N Fridley, D Price, L Zhou, N AF Ke, Jing Zheng, Nina Fridley, David Price, Lynn Zhou, Nan TI Potential energy savings and CO2 emissions reduction of China's cement industry SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Cement industry; Energy efficiency; Emissions reduction AB This study analyzes current energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission trends in China's cement industry as the basis for modeling different levels of cement production and rates of efficiency improvement and carbon reduction in 2011-2030. Three cement output projections are developed based on analyses of historical production and physical and macroeconomic drivers. For each of these three production projections, energy savings and CO2 emission reduction potentials are estimated in a best practice scenario and two continuous improvement scenarios relative to a frozen scenario. The results reveal the potential for cumulative final energy savings of 27.1 to 37.5 exajoules and energy-related direct emission reductions of 3.2 to 4.4 gigatonnes in 2011-2030 under the best practice scenarios. The continuous improvement scenarios produce cumulative final energy savings of 6.0 to 18.9 exajoules and reduce CO2 emissions by 1.0 to 2.4 gigatonnes. This analysis highlights that increasing energy efficiency is the most important policy measure for reducing the cement industry's energy and emissions intensity, given the current state of the industry and the unlikelihood of significant carbon capture and storage before 2030. In addition, policies to reduce total cement production offer the most direct way of reducing total energy consumption and CO2 emissions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ke, Jing; Zheng, Nina; Fridley, David; Price, Lynn; Zhou, Nan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ke, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jke@lbl.gov RI Ke, Jing/H-4816-2016 OI Ke, Jing/0000-0002-5972-8042 FU Energy Foundation; Dow Chemical Company through the Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Energy Foundation and Dow Chemical Company (through a charitable contribution) through the Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. NR 74 TC 53 Z9 59 U1 5 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 45 BP 739 EP 751 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.036 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 941IK UT WOS:000303956700077 ER PT J AU Song, B Antoun, BR AF Song, B. Antoun, B. R. TI Pseudo Stress Response in Kolsky Tension Bar Experiments SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Kolsky tension bar; Stress response; Inertia; Specimen length ID STEEL; DUCTILITY; INERTIA AB An abnormal stress peak was measured in the specimen response in a Kolsky tension bar experiment. Efforts in changing specimen gage length and applying Teflon tape on the threads of both the specimen and the adapters have been conducted to address this stress peak which was found to be pseudo. The pseudo stress peak was caused by the interfacial impact of the threads on the specimen and the bar ends and must be removed from the intrinsic stress response of the specimen material. Higher impact speeds result in higher amplitudes in the peak stress. The peak stress can be significantly reduced by applying Teflon tape on the threads. At a certain strain rate, it becomes more efficient to minimize the peak stress by simultaneously using a specimen with a shorter gage length and applying Teflon tape on the threads. C1 [Song, B.; Antoun, B. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Song, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM bsong@sandia.gov; brantou@sandia.gov RI Song, Bo/D-3945-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5 BP 525 EP 528 DI 10.1007/s11340-011-9509-9 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 940HG UT WOS:000303880000007 ER PT J AU Gunderson, CA Edwards, NT Walker, AV O'Hara, KH Campion, CM Hanson, PJ AF Gunderson, Carla A. Edwards, Nelson T. Walker, Ashley V. O'Hara, Keiran H. Campion, Christina M. Hanson, Paul J. TI Forest phenology and a warmer climate - growing season extension in relation to climatic provenance SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE autumn; Betula alleghaniensis; bigtooth aspen; climate change; forest; Liquidambar styraciflua; phenology; Populus grandidentata; Quercus rubra; red oak; spring; sweetgum; trees; warming; yellow birch ID BUD-BURST; LONG-TERM; EASTERN US; DECIDUOUS FOREST; CO2 ENRICHMENT; LEAF PHENOLOGY; THERMAL TIME; TEMPERATURE RESPONSE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; SPRING PHENOLOGY AB Predicting forest responses to warming climates relies on assumptions about niche and temperature sensitivity that remain largely untested. Observational studies have related current and historical temperatures to phenological shifts, but experimental evidence is sparse, particularly for autumn responses. A 4year field experiment exposed four deciduous forest species from contrasting climates (Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus rubra, Populus grandidentata, and Betula alleghaniensis) to air temperatures 2 and 4 degrees C above ambient controls, using temperature-controlled open top chambers. Impacts of year-round warming on bud burst (BB), senescence, and abscission were evaluated in relation to thermal provenance. Leaves emerged earlier in all species by an average of 49days at +2 degrees C and 614days at +4 degrees C. Magnitude of advance varied with species and year, but was larger for the first 2 degrees C increment than for the second. Effect of warming increased with early BB, favoring Liquidambar, but even BB of northern species advanced, despite temperatures exceeding those of the realized niche. Treatment differences in BB were inadequately explained by temperature sums alone. In autumn, chlorophyll was retained an average of 4 and 7days longer in +2 and +4 degrees C treatments, respectively, and abscission delayed by 8 and 13days. Growing seasons in the warmer atmospheres averaged 518days (E2) and 628 days (E4) longer, according to species, with the least impact in Quercus. Results are compared with a 16years record of canopy onset and offset in a nearby upland deciduous forest, where BB showed similar responsiveness to spring temperatures (24days degrees C-1). Offset dates in the stand tracked AugustSeptember temperatures, except when late summer drought caused premature senescence. The common garden-like experiment provides evidence that warming alone extends the growing season, at both ends, even if stand-level impacts may be complicated by variation in other environmental factors. C1 [Gunderson, Carla A.; Edwards, Nelson T.; Walker, Ashley V.; O'Hara, Keiran H.; Campion, Christina M.; Hanson, Paul J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hanson, PJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hansonpj@ornl.gov RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Research was conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle for DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. DOE internship programs administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education facilitated the participation of authors O'Hara, Campion and Walker, and interns Daniel Wreschnig, Rebecca Hutton, Carolyn Reilly Sheehan, Caroline DeVan, and Katherine Sides, who were invaluable in assistance with collection and preliminary analyses of the many field measurements. Jeffrey Riggs and Daniel Sluss designed, implemented, and maintained the OTC control and monitoring systems, and provided the meteorological data.; This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 102 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 18 U2 175 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 2008 EP 2025 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02632.x PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 938WF UT WOS:000303763600020 ER PT J AU Jagadish, C Kane, DJ Rodriguez, G AF Jagadish, Chennupati Kane, Daniel J. Rodriguez, George TI Special Issue in Honor of Professor J. Gary Eden on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Jagadish, Chennupati] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Kane, Daniel J.] Mesa Photon, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Rodriguez, George] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jagadish, C (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RI Rodriguez, George/G-7571-2012 OI Rodriguez, George/0000-0002-6044-9462 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 6 BP 737 EP 740 DI 10.1109/JQE.2012.2190662 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 941UW UT WOS:000303993000001 ER PT J AU Khan, SF Racz, E Poopalasingam, S McCorkindale, JC Borisov, AB Longworth, JW Rhodes, CK AF Khan, Shahab Firasat Racz, Ervin Poopalasingam, Sankar McCorkindale, John Charters Borisov, Alex Boris Longworth, James William Rhodes, Charles Kirkham TI Observation of Nonlinear Optical Coupling in the Kiloelectronvolt X-Ray Regime SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Nonlinear optics; plasma channels; X-ray emission ID INNER-SHELL EXCITATION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; CLUSTERS; ATOMS; AMPLIFICATION; ANGSTROM; ELECTRONS; EMISSIONS; LASER AB Experimental findings with Xe(M) radiation in the similar to 1 keV X-ray region have confirmed the presence of a predicted zone of anomalously strengthened radiative coupling operative at sufficiently high intensity (I > 10(15) W/cm(2)) and frequency ((h) over bar omega > 5 eV). These new results herald the general existence of a strongly enhanced modality of radiative interaction that is based on ordered-driven electron motions in the attosecond regime. C1 [Khan, Shahab Firasat; Racz, Ervin; Poopalasingam, Sankar; McCorkindale, John Charters; Borisov, Alex Boris; Longworth, James William; Rhodes, Charles Kirkham] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Lab Xray Microimaging & Bioinformat, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Racz, Ervin] EURATOM, KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Rhodes, Charles Kirkham] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Rhodes, Charles Kirkham] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Rhodes, Charles Kirkham] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Khan, SF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM khan9@llnl.gov; eracz@uic.edu; psanka1@uic.edu; johnmc@uic.edu; alexbor@uic.edu; zepto@uic.edu; rhodes@uic.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency through the Army Research Laboratory [DAAD10-01-C-0068] FX Manuscript received October 20, 2011; revised January 30, 2012; accepted January 30, 2012. Date of publication February 13, 2012; date of current version May 1, 2012. This work was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Contract DAAD10-01-C-0068 through the Army Research Laboratory. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 6 BP 754 EP 759 DI 10.1109/JQE.2012.2187636 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 941UW UT WOS:000303993000003 ER PT J AU Kim, KY Glownia, JH Taylor, AJ Rodriguez, G AF Kim, Ki-Yong Glownia, James H. Taylor, Antoinette J. Rodriguez, George TI High-Power Broadband Terahertz Generation via Two-Color Photoionization in Gases SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Broadband THz sources; coherent control; high-power THz sources; laser-produced plasma ID FIELD IONIZATION; PULSES; AIR; CURRENTS; RECTIFICATION; DEPENDENCE; RADIATION AB We review high-energy, broadband terahertz (THz) generation in two-color laser-produced gaseous plasma. We first describe our microscopic plasma current model for directional plasma current and far-field THz radiation generation. Experimental results for THz yield dependence on laser energy, optical phase difference, gas species, and gas pressure are presented. We also describe ultrabroadband THz generation and detection in our experiments and numerical simulations. Finally, we discuss 2-D plasma currents for THz polarization control and macroscopic phase-matched THz generation. C1 [Kim, Ki-Yong] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Glownia, James H.] US DOE, Off Sci, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Taylor, Antoinette J.; Rodriguez, George] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kim, KY (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM kykim@umd.edu; james.glownia@science.doe.gov; ttaylor@lanl.gov; rodrigeo@lanl.gov RI Rodriguez, George/G-7571-2012 OI Rodriguez, George/0000-0002-6044-9462 FU U.S. Department of Energy [014216-001]; Los Alamos National Laboratory FX Manuscript received October 29, 2011; revised February 22, 2012; accepted February 28, 2012. Date of publication March 29, 2012; date of current version May 1, 2012. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant 014216-001, in part by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The authors acknowledge support for this research from the Los Alamos National Laboratory Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. NR 36 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 43 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 6 BP 797 EP 805 DI 10.1109/JQE.2012.2190586 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 941UW UT WOS:000303993000008 ER PT J AU Choi, H Kratz, J Pham, P Lee, S Ray, R Kwon, YW Mao, JH Kang, HC Jablons, D Kim, IJ AF Choi, Helen Kratz, Johannes Pham, Patrick Lee, Sharon Ray, Roshni Kwon, Yong-Won Mao, Jian-Hua Kang, Hio Chung Jablons, David Kim, Il-Jin TI Development of a rapid and practical mutation screening assay for human lung adenocarcinoma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mutation; lung cancer; assay ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; KRAS MUTATIONS; GENE-MUTATIONS; SMOKING HISTORY; CANCER; EGFR; IMPACT; TP53; PATTERNS AB Mortality after initial diagnosis of lung cancer is higher than from any other cancer. Although mutations in several genes, such as EGFR and K-ras, have been associated with clinical outcome, technical complexity, cost and time have rendered routine screening prohibitive for most lung cancer patients prior to treatment. In this study, using both novel and established technologies, we developed a clinically practical assay to survey the status of three frequently mutated genes in lung cancer (EGFR, K-ras and TP53) and two genes (BRA F and beta-catenin) with known hotspot mutations in many other cancers. A single 96-well plate was designed targeting a total of 14 fragments (16 exons) from EGFR, K-ras, TP53, BRAF and beta-catenin. In 96 lung adenocarcinoma patients, the mutation frequencies of three major genes (EGFR,K-ras and TP53) were between 21-24%. Fifty-six out of 96 (58%) patients had a mutation in at least one of the five genes. K-ras mutations positively correlated with smoking pack-years (p=0.035). EGFR mutations were frequent in never-smokers (p=0.0007), Asians (p=0.0204) and non-stage I lung cancer (p=0.016). There was also a trend towards an association between the presence of any mutation and improved recurrence-free survival (p=0.070). We demonstrate that our novel multigene mutation assay technology can rapidly and cost-effectively screen for mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. This screening assay can be used in the clinical setting for the large-scale validation of prognosis and/or predicting therapeutic response so that the majority of lung cancer patients can benefit from leveraging up-to-date knowledge on how mutation profiles may influence treatment options. C1 [Choi, Helen; Kratz, Johannes; Pham, Patrick; Lee, Sharon; Ray, Roshni; Jablons, David; Kim, Il-Jin] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Thorac Oncol Lab, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Choi, Helen; Kang, Hio Chung; Jablons, David; Kim, Il-Jin] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Kwon, Yong-Won; Mao, Jian-Hua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, IJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Thorac Oncol Lab, 2340 Sutter St,Room N225, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. EM david.jablons@ucsfmedctr.org; kimij@cc.ucsf.edu OI Ricchetti, Roshni/0000-0002-1969-1046 FU Barbara Isackson Lung Cancer Research Fund; Eileen D. Ludwig Endowed Fund for Thoracic Oncology Research FX This study was supported by The Barbara Isackson Lung Cancer Research Fund, and The Eileen D. Ludwig Endowed Fund for Thoracic Oncology Research. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD PI ATHENS PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE SN 1019-6439 J9 INT J ONCOL JI Int. J. Oncol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1900 EP 1906 DI 10.3892/ijo.2012.1396 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 937YK UT WOS:000303699900019 PM 22407457 ER PT J AU Rutqvist, J Kim, HM Ryu, DW Synn, JH Song, WK AF Rutqvist, Jonny Kim, Hyung-Mok Ryu, Dong-Woo Synn, Joong-Ho Song, Won-Kyong TI Modeling of coupled thermodynamic and geomechanical performance of underground compressed air energy storage in lined rock caverns SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE TOUGH-FLAC; Underground storage; Compressed air energy storage (CAES); Lined rock cavern (LRC); Geomechanical performance; Air leakage; Energy balance ID FLOW AB Coupled nonisothermal, multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical numerical modeling is conducted with TOUGH-FLAC, a simulator based on the multiphase flow and heat transport simulator TOUGH2 and the geomechanical simulator FLAC3D, to study the complex thermodynamic and geomechanical performance of underground compressed air energy storage (CAES) in concrete-lined rock caverns. The analysis focuses on CAES in lined caverns at relatively shallow depth (e.g., 100 m depth) in which a typical operational pressure of 5 to 8 MPa is significantly higher than both ambient fluid pressure and in situ stress. Two different lining options are analyzed, both with a 50 cm thick low permeability concrete lining, but in one case with an internal synthetic seal such as steel or rubber. Thermodynamic analysis showed that 96.7% of the energy injected during compression could be recovered during subsequent decompression, while 3.3% of the energy was lost by heat conduction to the surrounding media. Geomechanical analysis showed that tensile effective stresses as high as 8 MPa could develop in the lining as a result of the air pressure exerted on the inner surface of the lining, whereas thermal stresses were relatively smaller and compressive. With the option of an internal synthetic seal, the maximum effective tensile stress was reduced from 8 to 5 MPa, but was still in substantial tension. One simulation in which the tensile tangential stresses resulted in radial cracks and air leakage though the lining was performed. This air leakage, however, was minor (about 0.16% of the air mass loss from one daily compression) in terms of operational efficiency, and did not significantly impact the overall energy balance of the system. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Hyung-Mok; Ryu, Dong-Woo; Synn, Joong-Ho; Song, Won-Kyong] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources KIGAM, Geol Environm Div, Underground Space Res Dept, Taejon 305350, South Korea. [Rutqvist, Jonny; Synn, Joong-Ho] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, HM (reprint author), Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources KIGAM, Geol Environm Div, Underground Space Res Dept, 92 Gwahang No, Taejon 305350, South Korea. EM kimh@kigam.re.kr RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785; Ryu, Dongwoo/0000-0002-4556-9669 FU Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) [GP2012-001]; Ministry of Knowledge and Economy of Korea; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by the Basic Research Project of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM, GP2012-001) funded by the Ministry of Knowledge and Economy of Korea, and funding from KIGAM for Dr. Jonny Rutqvist and Berkeley Lab was provided through the U.S. Department of Energy Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Technical review by Dr. Curtis Oldenburg and editorial review by Dan Hawkes, both at Berkeley Lab are greatly appreciated. NR 24 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 BP 71 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.02.010 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 939ME UT WOS:000303814500010 ER PT J AU Friedrich, S Carpenter, MH Drury, OB Warburton, WK Harris, J Hall, J Cantor, R AF Friedrich, Stephan Carpenter, Matthew H. Drury, Owen B. Warburton, William K. Harris, Jackson Hall, John Cantor, Robin TI New Developments in Superconducting Tunnel Junction X-Ray Spectrometers for Synchrotron Science SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Superconducting tunnel junctions; STJ X-ray detectors; Synchrotron science ID PREAMPLIFIERS AB We are developing Ta-based superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) X-ray detectors for high-resolution soft X-ray spectroscopy at the synchrotron. For scaling to large detector arrays, we have also built a compact, low-cost, remote-controllable preamplifier with < 3 eV electronic noise. Current Ta-STJs attain an energy resolution between 6.5 and 9 eV FWHM for energies up to similar to 2 keV, and can be operated at rates up to similar to 5,000 counts/s as long as the signals decay with a single exponential time constant. C1 [Friedrich, Stephan; Carpenter, Matthew H.; Drury, Owen B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Carpenter, Matthew H.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Warburton, William K.; Harris, Jackson] XIA LLC, Hayward, CA 94544 USA. [Hall, John; Cantor, Robin] STAR Cryoelect, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. RP Friedrich, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM friedrich1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0006214, DE-SC0002256]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This paper is based upon work partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Awards Number DE-SC0006214 and DE-SC0002256. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 741 EP 747 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0569-8 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600028 ER PT J AU Mitsuda, K Kelley, RL Boyce, KR Brown, GV Costantini, E DiPirro, MJ Ezoe, Y Fujimoto, R Gendreau, KC den Herder, JW Hoshino, A Ishisaki, Y Kilbourne, CA Kitamoto, S McCammon, D Murakami, M Murakami, H Ogawa, M Ohashi, T Okamoto, A Paltani, S Pohl, M Porter, FS Sato, Y Shinozaki, K Shirron, PJ Sneiderman, GA Sugita, H Szymkowiak, A Takei, Y Tamagawa, T Tashiro, M Terada, Y Tsujimoto, M de Vries, C Yamasaki, NY AF Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Kelley, Richard L. Boyce, Kevin R. Brown, Gregory V. Costantini, Elisa DiPirro, Michael J. Ezoe, Yuichiro Fujimoto, Ryuichi Gendreau, Keith C. den Herder, Jan-Willem Hoshino, Akio Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Kilbourne, Caroline A. Kitamoto, Shunji McCammon, Dan Murakami, Masahide Murakami, Hiroshi Ogawa, Mina Ohashi, Takaya Okamoto, Atsushi Paltani, Stephane Pohl, Martin Porter, F. Scott Sato, Yoichi Shinozaki, Keisuke Shirron, Peter J. Sneiderman, Gary A. Sugita, Hiroyuki Szymkowiak, Andrew Takei, Yoh Tamagawa, Toru Tashiro, Makoto Terada, Yukikatsu Tsujimoto, Masahiro de Vries, Cor Yamasaki, Noriko Y. TI The High-Resolution X-Ray Microcalorimeter Spectrometer, SXS, on Astro-H SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray astronomy; X-ray microcalorimeters; Space cryogenics ID SUZAKU AB The science and an overview of the Soft X-ray Spectrometer onboard the STRO-H mission are presented. The SXS consists of X-ray focusing mirrors and a microcalorimeter array and is developed by international collaboration lead by JAXA and NASA with European participation. The detector is a 6x6 format microcalorimeter array operated at a cryogenic temperature of 50 mK and covers a 3'x3' field of view of the X-ray telescope of 5.6 m focal length. We expect an energy resolution better than 7 eV (FWHM, requirement) with a goal of 4 eV. The effective area of the instrument will be 225 cm(2) at 7 keV; by a factor of about two larger than that of the X-ray microcalorimeter on board Suzaku. One of the main scientific objectives of the SXS is to investigate turbulent and/or macroscopic motions of hot gas in clusters of galaxies. C1 [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Ogawa, Mina; Takei, Yoh; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. [Okamoto, Atsushi; Sato, Yoichi; Shinozaki, Keisuke; Sugita, Hiroyuki] JAXA, Aerosp Res & Dev Directorate, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Ohashi, Takaya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi; Hoshino, Akio] Kanazwa Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. [Murakami, Masahide] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Tashiro, Makoto; Terada, Yukikatsu] Saitama Univ, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Kitamoto, Shunji; Murakami, Hiroshi] Rikkyo Univ, Tokyo 171, Japan. [Tamagawa, Toru] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [Kelley, Richard L.; Boyce, Kevin R.; DiPirro, Michael J.; Gendreau, Keith C.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Porter, F. Scott; Shirron, Peter J.; Sneiderman, Gary A.] NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Szymkowiak, Andrew] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Brown, Gregory V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Costantini, Elisa; den Herder, Jan-Willem; de Vries, Cor] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Paltani, Stephane; Pohl, Martin] Univ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Mitsuda, K (reprint author), JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. EM mitsuda@astro.isas.jaxa.jp RI Yamasaki, Noriko/C-2252-2008; Tashiro, Makoto/J-4562-2012; Kelley, Richard/K-4474-2012; Terada, Yukikatsu/A-5879-2013; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa/C-2649-2008; Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012 OI Terada, Yukikatsu/0000-0002-2359-1857; Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119 NR 7 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 795 EP 802 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0482-1 PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600036 ER PT J AU Bleem, L Ade, P Aird, K Austermann, J Beall, J Becker, D Benson, B Britton, J Carlstrom, J Chang, CL Cho, H de Haan, T Crawford, T Crites, A Datesman, A Dobbs, M Everett, W Ewall-Wice, A George, E Halverson, N Harrington, N Henning, J Hilton, G Holzapfel, W Hoover, S Hubmayr, J Irwin, K Keisler, R Kennedy, J Lee, A Leitch, E Li, D Lueker, M Marrone, DP McMahon, J Mehl, J Meyer, S Montgomery, J Montroy, T Natoli, T Nibarger, J Niemack, M Novosad, V Padin, S Pryke, C Reichardt, C Ruhl, J Saliwanchik, B Sayre, J Schafer, K Shirokoff, E Story, K Vanderlinde, K Vieira, J Wang, G Williamson, R Yefremenko, V Yoon, KW Young, E AF Bleem, L. Ade, P. Aird, K. Austermann, J. Beall, J. Becker, D. Benson, B. Britton, J. Carlstrom, J. Chang, C. L. Cho, H. de Haan, T. Crawford, T. Crites, A. Datesman, A. Dobbs, M. Everett, W. Ewall-Wice, A. George, E. Halverson, N. Harrington, N. Henning, J. Hilton, G. Holzapfel, W. Hoover, S. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K. Keisler, R. Kennedy, J. Lee, A. Leitch, E. Li, D. Lueker, M. Marrone, D. P. McMahon, J. Mehl, J. Meyer, S. Montgomery, J. Montroy, T. Natoli, T. Nibarger, J. Niemack, M. Novosad, V. Padin, S. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. Ruhl, J. Saliwanchik, B. Sayre, J. Schafer, K. Shirokoff, E. Story, K. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. Wang, G. Williamson, R. Yefremenko, V. Yoon, K. W. Young, E. TI An Overview of the SPTpol Experiment SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Polarimetry; Transition-edge sensors; Bolometers; Cosmic microwave background; Cosmology ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; GALAXY CLUSTERS; POLARIZATION AB In 2012 the South Pole Telescope (SPT) will begin a 625 deg(2) survey to measure the polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Observations of the CMB B-mode angular power spectrum will be used to search for the large angular scale signal induced by inflationary gravitational waves. Additionally, the B-mode spectrum will enable a measurement of the neutrino mass through the gravitational lensing of the CMB. The new 780 pixel polarization-sensitive camera is composed of two different detector architectures and will map the sky at two frequencies. At 150 GHz, the camera consists of arrays of corrugated feedhorn-coupled TES polarimeters fabricated at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). At 90 GHz, we use individually packaged dual-polarization absorber-coupled polarimeters developed at Argonne National Laboratory. Each 90 GHz pixel couples to the telescope through machined contoured feedhorns. The entire focal plane is read out using a digital frequency-domain multiplexer system. We discuss the design and goals of this experiment and provide a description of the detectors. C1 [Bleem, L.; Aird, K.; Benson, B.; Carlstrom, J.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T.; Crites, A.; Everett, W.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S.; Montgomery, J.; Natoli, T.; Story, K.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Dept Phys, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ade, P.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Austermann, J.; Halverson, N.; Henning, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Beall, J.; Becker, D.; Britton, J.; Cho, H.; Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.; Irwin, K.; Li, D.; Nibarger, J.; Niemack, M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Carlstrom, J.; Chang, C. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M.; Kennedy, J.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Datesman, A.; Novosad, V.; Wang, G.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, MSD, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [George, E.; Harrington, N.; Holzapfel, W.; Lee, A.; Reichardt, C.; Young, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lueker, M.; Padin, S.; Shirokoff, E.; Vieira, J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Montroy, T.; Ruhl, J.; Saliwanchik, B.; Sayre, J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Schafer, K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Marrone, D. P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Bleem, L (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Dept Phys, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM bleeml@uchicago.edu RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015 OI Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080; Britton, Joe/0000-0001-8103-7347; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; /0000-0002-0086-7363; Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937, ANT-0130612]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Quebec Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; NIST; Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through grants ANT-0638937 and ANT-0130612. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The McGill group acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Quebec Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. Work at NIST is supported by the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science program. The work at Argonne National Laboratory, including the use of facility at the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), was supported by Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. Technical support from Nanofabrication Group at the CNM, Argonne National Laboratory, under User Proposal #164 and #467, is gratefully acknowledged. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 859 EP 864 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0505-y PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600046 ER PT J AU Chang, CL Ade, P Aird, K Austermann, J Beall, J Becker, D Benson, B Bleem, L Britton, J Carlstrom, J Cho, H de Haan, T Crawford, T Crites, A Datesman, A Dobbs, M Everett, W Ewall-Wice, A George, E Halverson, N Harrington, N Henning, J Hilton, G Holzapfel, W Hoover, S Hubmayr, J Irwin, K Keisler, R Kennedy, J Lee, A Leitch, E Li, D Lueker, M Marrone, DP Mcmahon, J Mehl, J Meyer, S Montgomery, J Montroy, T Natoli, T Nibarger, J Niemack, M Novosad, V Padin, S Pryke, C Reichardt, C Ruhl, J Saliwanchik, B Sayre, J Schafer, K Shirokoff, E Story, K Vanderlinde, K Vieira, J Wang, G Williamson, R Yefremenko, V Yoon, KW Young, E AF Chang, C. L. Ade, P. Aird, K. Austermann, J. Beall, J. Becker, D. Benson, B. Bleem, L. Britton, J. Carlstrom, J. Cho, H. de Haan, T. Crawford, T. Crites, A. Datesman, A. Dobbs, M. Everett, W. Ewall-Wice, A. George, E. Halverson, N. Harrington, N. Henning, J. Hilton, G. Holzapfel, W. Hoover, S. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K. Keisler, R. Kennedy, J. Lee, A. Leitch, E. Li, D. Lueker, M. Marrone, D. P. Mcmahon, J. Mehl, J. Meyer, S. Montgomery, J. Montroy, T. Natoli, T. Nibarger, J. Niemack, M. Novosad, V. Padin, S. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. Ruhl, J. Saliwanchik, B. Sayre, J. Schafer, K. Shirokoff, E. Story, K. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. Wang, G. Williamson, R. Yefremenko, V. Yoon, K. W. Young, E. TI Optical and Thermal Properties of ANL/KICP Polarization Sensitive Bolometers for SPTpol SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Transition edge sensors; Bolometers; CMB ID ARGONNE/KICP DETECTORS; CMB POLARIZATION; DESIGN; HORN AB We present recent optical and thermal characterizations of polarization sensitive mm-wave bolometers fabricated at Argonne National Lab. The devices are designed to measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background and consist of a Mo/Au TES suspended on SiN with a Pd-Au dipole absorber. The detector performance is excellent with > 85% co-polar coupling, < 1% cross-polar leakage, 36 GHz optical bandwidth, electrothermal loop gains of approximately 10, and NEP a parts per thousand integral 50 aW Hz(-1/2). C1 [Chang, C. L.; Aird, K.; Benson, B.; Bleem, L.; Carlstrom, J.; Crawford, T.; Crites, A.; Everett, W.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S.; Montgomery, J.; Natoli, T.; Story, K.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Dept Phys, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chang, C. L.; Carlstrom, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ade, P.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Austermann, J.; Halverson, N.; Henning, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Beall, J.; Becker, D.; Britton, J.; Cho, H.; Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.; Irwin, K.; Li, D.; Nibarger, J.; Niemack, M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M.; Kennedy, J.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Datesman, A.; Novosad, V.; Wang, G.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, MSD, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [George, E.; Harrington, N.; Holzapfel, W.; Lee, A.; Reichardt, C.; Young, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lueker, M.; Padin, S.; Shirokoff, E.; Vieira, J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Marrone, D. P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Mcmahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Montroy, T.; Ruhl, J.; Saliwanchik, B.; Sayre, J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Schafer, K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Chang, CL (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Dept Phys, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM clchang@kicp.uchicago.edu RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; OI Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080; Britton, Joe/0000-0001-8103-7347; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; /0000-0002-0086-7363 FU NSF [ANT-0638937, PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Office of Science (Basic Energy Sciences and High Energy Physics) of the US Department of Energy FX Work at the University of Chicago is supported by grants from the NSF (awards ANT-0638937 and PHY-0114422), the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The work at Argonne National Laboratory, including the use of facility at the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), was supported by the Office of Science (Basic Energy Sciences and High Energy Physics) of the US Department of Energy. Technical support from Nanofabrication Group at the CNM, Argonne National Laboratory, is gratefully acknowledged. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 12 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 865 EP 871 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0491-0 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600047 ER PT J AU Hubmayr, J Appel, JW Austermann, JE Beall, JA Becker, D Benson, BA Bleem, LE Carlstrom, JE Chang, CL Cho, HM Crites, AT Essinger-Hileman, T Fox, A George, EM Halverson, NW Harrington, NL Henning, JW Hilton, GC Holzapfel, WL Irwin, KD Lee, AT Li, D McMahon, J Mehl, J Natoli, T Niemack, MD Newburgh, LB Nibarger, JP Parker, LP Schmitt, BL Staggs, ST Van Lanen, J Wollack, EJ Yoon, KW AF Hubmayr, J. Appel, J. W. Austermann, J. E. Beall, J. A. Becker, D. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Carlstrom, J. E. Chang, C. L. Cho, H. M. Crites, A. T. Essinger-Hileman, T. Fox, A. George, E. M. Halverson, N. W. Harrington, N. L. Henning, J. W. Hilton, G. C. Holzapfel, W. L. Irwin, K. D. Lee, A. T. Li, D. McMahon, J. Mehl, J. Natoli, T. Niemack, M. D. Newburgh, L. B. Nibarger, J. P. Parker, L. P. Schmitt, B. L. Staggs, S. T. Van Lanen, J. Wollack, E. J. Yoon, K. W. TI An All Silicon Feedhorn-Coupled Focal Plane for Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimetry SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmic microwave background; Polarimeter; Transition edge sensor ID TES POLARIMETERS; CMB POLARIMETRY AB Upcoming experiments aim to produce high fidelity polarization maps of the cosmic microwave background. To achieve the required sensitivity, we are developing monolithic, feedhorn-coupled transition edge sensor polarimeter arrays operating at 150 GHz. We describe this focal plane architecture and the current status of this technology, focusing on single-pixel polarimeters being deployed on the Atacama B-mode Search (ABS) and an 84-pixel demonstration feedhorn array backed by four 10-pixel polarimeter arrays. The feedhorn array exhibits symmetric beams, cross-polar response <-23 dB and excellent uniformity across the array. Monolithic polarimeter arrays, including arrays of silicon feedhorns, will be used in the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol) and the South Pole Telescope Polarimeter (SPTpol) and have been proposed for upcoming balloon-borne instruments. C1 [Hubmayr, J.; Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Cho, H. M.; Fox, A.; Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.; Li, D.; Niemack, M. D.; Nibarger, J. P.; Van Lanen, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Appel, J. W.; Essinger-Hileman, T.; Newburgh, L. B.; Parker, L. P.; Staggs, S. T.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Austermann, J. E.; Halverson, N. W.; Henning, J. W.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crites, A. T.; Mehl, J.; Natoli, T.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [George, E. M.; Harrington, N. L.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Schmitt, B. L.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard, MD USA. [Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Hubmayr, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM hubmayr@nist.gov; beckerd@boulder.nist.gov; bleeml@uchicago.edu; anna.fox@nist.gov; genehilton@gmail.com; irwin@nist.gov; jeffmcm@umich.edu; niemack@nist.gov; newburgh@princeton.edu; john.nibarger@nist.gov; bschm@physics.upenn.edu; staggs@princeton.edu; kiwon@stanford.edu RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012 OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451 FU NIST; NSF [ANT-0638937, PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSF GRFP; NASA NSTRF FX Work at NIST is supported by the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science program. The University of Chicago is supported by grants from the NSF (awards ANT-0638937 and PHY-0114422), the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. B.L. Schmidt acknowledges support from NSF GRFP and NASA NSTRF fellowships. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 904 EP 910 DI 10.1007/s10909-011-0420-7 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600053 ER PT J AU Tajima, O Nguyen, H Bischoff, C Brizius, A Buder, I Kusaka, A AF Tajima, O. Nguyen, H. Bischoff, C. Brizius, A. Buder, I. Kusaka, A. TI Novel Calibration System with Sparse Wires for CMB Polarization Receivers SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE CMB; Polarization; Calibration AB A curl competent (also known as B-modes) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization is a smoking gun signature of the inflationary universe. To achieve better sensitivity to this faint signal, CMB polarization experiments aim to maximize the number of detector elements, resulting in a large focal plane receiver. Detector calibration of the polarization response becomes essential. It is extremely useful to be able to calibrate "simultaneously" all detectors on the large focal plane. We developed a novel calibration system that rotates a large "sparse" grid of metal wires, in front of and fully covering the field of view of the focal plane receiver. Polarized radiation is created via the reflection of ambient temperature photons from the wire surface. Since the detector has a finite beam size, the observed signal is convolved with the beam property. The intensity of the of the calibrator is reasonable (a few Kelvin or less) compared to sky temperature for typical observing conditions (similar to 10 K). The system played a successful role for receiver calibration of QUIET, a CMB polarization experiment located in the Atacama desert in Chile. The successful performance revealed that this system is applicable to other experiments based on different technologies, e.g. TES bolometers. C1 [Tajima, O.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Nguyen, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Tajima, O.; Bischoff, C.; Brizius, A.; Buder, I.; Kusaka, A.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Tajima, O (reprint author), High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. EM osamu.tajima@kek.jp OI Bischoff, Colin/0000-0001-9185-6514 FU QUIET collaboration; JSPS [23684017, 20740158]; United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359] FX We are grateful for support from the QUIET collaboration. Bruce Winstein, who died in 2011 February soon after observations were completed, was the principal investigator for QUIET. His intellectual and scientific guidance was crucial to the experiment's success. This works is also supported from JSPS with Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Young Scientists (A) 23684017 and (B) 20740158. We thank John Korienek, Carl Lindenmeyer, and Wanda Newby of Fermilab's Particle Physics Division, for leadership and contribution to the mechanical design and construction of the calibration system. Fermilab is operated by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 936 EP 942 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0545-3 PN 2 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600058 ER PT J AU Croce, M Bacrania, M Bond, E Dry, D Moody, WA Rabin, M Bennett, D Hilton, G Horansky, R Kotsubo, V Schmidt, D Ullom, J Vale, L Cantor, R AF Croce, M. Bacrania, M. Bond, E. Dry, D. Moody, W. A. Rabin, M. Bennett, D. Hilton, G. Horansky, R. Kotsubo, V. Schmidt, D. Ullom, J. Vale, L. Cantor, R. TI Ultra-high Resolution Alpha Particle Spectrometry with Transition-Edge Sensor Microcalorimeters SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Alpha spectrometry; Transition-edge sensor; Microcalorimeter; Nuclear forensics AB Alpha particle spectrometry is a powerful analytical tool for nuclear forensics and environmental monitoring. Microcalorimeter detectors have been shown to yield nearly an order of magnitude better energy resolution (1.06 keV FWHM at 5.3 MeV) than current state-of-the-art silicon detectors (8-10 keV FWHM at 5.3 MeV). This superior resolution allows isotopic analysis with a single non-consumptive measurement of samples that contain multiple radioisotopes with overlapping alpha energies. Measurement of such a sample with a silicon detector would require expensive and time-consuming radiochemical separations. We are developing two alpha spectrometer systems with superconducting transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters. The first system has eight independent detector channels that measure eight different alpha sources, and is optimized for detector development experiments. The second system incorporates a prototype cryogenic load lock that allows for rapid exchange of alpha samples. This paper will present results from these two systems. C1 [Croce, M.; Bacrania, M.; Bond, E.; Dry, D.; Moody, W. A.; Rabin, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bennett, D.; Hilton, G.; Horansky, R.; Kotsubo, V.; Schmidt, D.; Ullom, J.; Vale, L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA. [Cantor, R.] STAR Cryoelect, Santa Fe, NM USA. RP Croce, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mpcroce@lanl.gov; rabin@lanl.gov; douglas.bennett@nist.gov; genehilton@gmail.com; horansky@nist.gov; dan@danschmidt.com; ullom@boulder.nist.gov; vale@boulder.nist.gov; rcantor@starcryo.com RI Bennett, Douglas/B-8001-2012; OI Bennett, Douglas/0000-0003-3011-3690; Bond, Evelyn/0000-0001-7335-4086 NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 955 EP 960 DI 10.1007/s10909-011-0419-0 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600061 ER PT J AU Beeman, JW Danevich, FA Degoda, VY Galashov, EN Giuliani, A Ivanov, IM Mancuso, M Marnieros, S Nones, C Pessina, G Olivieri, E Rusconi, C Shlegel, VN Tretyak, VI Vasiliev, YV AF Beeman, J. W. Danevich, F. A. Degoda, V. Y. Galashov, E. N. Giuliani, A. Ivanov, I. M. Mancuso, M. Marnieros, S. Nones, C. Pessina, G. Olivieri, E. Rusconi, C. Shlegel, V. N. Tretyak, V. I. Vasiliev, Y. V. TI An Improved ZnMoO4 Scintillating Bolometer for the Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of Mo-100 SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Double beta decay; Neutrino mass; Low background; Bolometric technique; ZnMoO4 crystals AB We present a prototype scintillating bolometer for the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of Mo-100, consisting of a single a parts per thousand 5 g ZnMoO4 crystal operated aboveground in the 20-30 mK temperature range. The scintillation light is read out by two thin Ge bolometers. The phonon signals are collected by NTD Ge thermistors. The ZnMoO4 crystal was grown with an advanced method (low-thermal-gradient Czochralski technique) and after purification of molybdenum. The results are very encouraging: the intrinsic energy resolution of the heat channel is a parts per thousand 800 eV FWHM, the alpha/beta rejection factor (crucial for background suppression) is better than 99.9% in the region of interest for double beta decay (a parts per thousand 3 MeV), and the radiopurity of ZnMoO4 looks substantially improved with respect to previous devices. C1 [Giuliani, A.; Mancuso, M.; Marnieros, S.; Nones, C.; Olivieri, E.] CNRS, Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Giuliani, A.; Mancuso, M.; Marnieros, S.; Nones, C.; Olivieri, E.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Beeman, J. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Danevich, F. A.; Tretyak, V. I.] Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. [Degoda, V. Y.] Kyiv Natl Taras Shevchenko Univ, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. [Galashov, E. N.; Ivanov, I. M.; Shlegel, V. N.; Vasiliev, Y. V.] Nikolaev Inst Inorgan Chem, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Giuliani, A.; Mancuso, M.; Rusconi, C.] Univ Insubria, Dipartimento Fis & Matemat, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Pessina, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy. RP Giuliani, A (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM andrea.giuliani@csnsm.in2p3.fr; micmicmeister@gmail.com; stefanos.marnieros@csnsm.in2p3.fr; claudia.nones@cea.fr; pessina@mib.infn.it; emiliano.olivieri@csnsm.in2p3.fr OI Pessina, Gianluigi Ezio/0000-0003-3700-9757; Tretyak, Vladimir/0000-0002-2369-0679 FU Cariplo Foundation; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; European Research Council under EU (ERC) [247115] FX The work of F.A. Danevich was supported by a Cariplo Foundation fellowship organized by the Landau Network-Centro Volta (Como, Italy). The group from the Institute for Nuclear Research (Kyiv, Ukraine) was supported in part through the Project "Kosmo-mikrofizyka-2" (Astroparticle Physics) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The light detectors have been realized within the project LUCIFER, funded by the European Research Council under the EU Seventh Framework Programme (ERC grant agreement No. 247115). NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 1021 EP 1028 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0573-z PN 2 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600070 ER PT J AU Pyle, M Bauer, DA Cabrera, B Hall, J Schnee, RW Thakur, RB Yellin, S AF Pyle, M. Bauer, D. A. Cabrera, B. Hall, J. Schnee, R. W. Thakur, R. Basu Yellin, S. TI Low-Mass WIMP Sensitivity and Statistical Discrimination of Electron and Nuclear Recoils by Varying Luke-Neganov Phonon Gain in Semiconductor Detectors SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Dark matter; Low mass WIMP ID CALORIMETRIC IONIZATION DETECTOR AB Amplifying the phonon signal in a semiconductor dark matter detector can be accomplished by operating at high voltage bias and converting the electrostatic potential energy into Luke-Neganov phonons. This amplification method has been validated at up to |E|=40 V/cm without producing leakage in CDMS II Ge detectors, allowing sensitivity to a benchmark WIMP with mass M (chi) =8 GeV/c(2) and sigma=1.8x10(-42) cm(2) (with significant sensitivity for M (chi) > 2 GeV/c(2)) assuming flat electronic recoil backgrounds near threshold. Furthermore, for the first time we show that differences in Luke-Neganov gain for nuclear and electronic recoils can be used to discriminate statistically between low-energy background and a hypothetical WIMP signal by operating at two distinct voltage biases. Specifically, 99% of events have p-value < 10(-8) for a simulated 20 kg-day experiment with a benchmark WIMP signal with M (chi) =8 GeV/c(2) and sigma=3.3x10(-41) cm(2). C1 [Pyle, M.; Cabrera, B.; Yellin, S.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94110 USA. [Bauer, D. A.; Hall, J.; Thakur, R. Basu] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Thakur, R. Basu] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Schnee, R. W.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Pyle, M (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94110 USA. EM mpyle1@stanford.edu RI Hall, Jeter/F-6108-2013; Pyle, Matt/E-7348-2015 OI Pyle, Matt/0000-0002-3490-6754 FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER41295]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0855525] FX We would like to thank D. Moore and J. Filippini for valuable discussions. This work is supported by the Department of Energy contract DE-FG02-04ER41295, and in part by the National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-0855525. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 1081 EP 1086 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0583-x PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600079 ER PT J AU Chagani, H Bauer, DA Brandt, D Brink, PL Cabrera, B Cherry, M Silva, EDE Godfrey, GG Hall, J Hansen, S Hasi, J Kelsey, M Kenney, CJ Mandic, V Nagasawa, D Novak, L Mirabolfathi, N Partridge, R Radpour, R Resch, R Sadoulet, B Seitz, DN Shank, B Tomada, A Yen, J Young, BA Zhang, J AF Chagani, H. Bauer, D. A. Brandt, D. Brink, P. L. Cabrera, B. Cherry, M. Do Couto e Silva, E. Godfrey, G. G. Hall, J. Hansen, S. Hasi, J. Kelsey, M. Kenney, C. J. Mandic, V. Nagasawa, D. Novak, L. Mirabolfathi, N. Partridge, R. Radpour, R. Resch, R. Sadoulet, B. Seitz, D. N. Shank, B. Tomada, A. Yen, J. Young, B. A. Zhang, J. TI Ionization Measurements of SuperCDMS SNOLAB 100 mm Diameter Germanium Crystals SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Germanium crystals; Charge transport; Dark matter detectors ID DARK-MATTER; PHONON SENSORS; DETECTORS; DESIGN AB Scaling cryogenic Germanium-based dark matter detectors to probe smaller WIMP-nucleon cross-sections poses significant challenges in the forms of increased labor, cold hardware, warm electronics and heat load. The development of larger crystals alleviates these issues. The results of ionization tests with two 100 mm diameter, 33 mm thick cylindrical detector-grade Germanium crystals are presented here. Through these results the potential of using such crystals in the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS) SNOLAB experiment is demonstrated. C1 [Chagani, H.; Mandic, V.; Radpour, R.; Zhang, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Bauer, D. A.; Hall, J.; Hansen, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Brandt, D.; Brink, P. L.; Do Couto e Silva, E.; Godfrey, G. G.; Hasi, J.; Kelsey, M.; Kenney, C. J.; Partridge, R.; Resch, R.; Tomada, A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Cabrera, B.; Cherry, M.; Nagasawa, D.; Novak, L.; Shank, B.; Yen, J.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Mirabolfathi, N.; Sadoulet, B.; Seitz, D. N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Young, B. A.] Santa Clara Univ, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. RP Chagani, H (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM chagani@physics.umn.edu RI Hall, Jeter/F-6108-2013; Hall, Jeter/E-9294-2015 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0705052, PHY-0902182, PHY-1004714]; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH00359, DE-AC02-76SF00515, DOE-ER-40823-2500] FX This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. PHY-0705052, PHY-0902182 & PHY-1004714) and the Department of Energy (Contracts DE-AC02-07CH00359, DE-AC02-76SF00515 & DOE-ER-40823-2500). NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 1125 EP 1130 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0460-7 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600086 ER PT J AU Al Kenany, S Rolla, JA Godfrey, G Brink, PL Seitz, DN Figueroa-Feliciano, E Huber, ME Hines, BA Irwin, KD AF Al Kenany, S. Rolla, Julie A. Godfrey, Gary Brink, Paul L. Seitz, Dennis N. Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali Huber, Martin E. Hines, Bruce A. Irwin, Kent D. TI SuperCDMS Cold Hardware Design SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE SuperCDMS; Dark mater; Low temperature detectors; Cold hardware; Cosmology; Particle astrophysics; LTD-14; Sadoulet group; UC Berkeley; Cryogenic; Soudan; SNOLab; Phonon; WIMP; Galaxy AB We discuss the current design of the cold hardware and cold electronics to be used in the upcoming SuperCDMS Soudan deployment. Engineering challenges associated with such concerns as thermal isolation, microphonics, radiopurity, and power dissipation are discussed, along with identifying the design changes necessary for SuperCDMS SNOLAB. The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) employs ultrapure 1-inch thick, 3-inch diameter germanium crystals operating below 50 mK in a dilution cryostat. These detectors give an ionization and phonon signal, which gives us rejection capabilities regarding background events versus dark matter signals. C1 [Al Kenany, S.; Rolla, Julie A.; Seitz, Dennis N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Godfrey, Gary] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Brink, Paul L.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Huber, Martin E.; Hines, Bruce A.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Irwin, Kent D.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA. RP Al Kenany, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alkenany@berkeley.edu RI Huber, Martin/B-3354-2011 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515, DC-AC02-07CH11359]; National Science Foundation [0705052, 0902182, 1004714, 0802575] FX This work is sponsored by the United States Department of Energy grant DE-AC02-76SF00515, contract No. DC-AC02-07CH11359 and the National Science Foundation under awards 0705052, 0902182, 1004714, and 0802575. We give thanks to their ongoing support. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 167 IS 5-6 BP 1167 EP 1172 DI 10.1007/s10909-012-0584-9 PN 2 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934QY UT WOS:000303461600093 ER PT J AU Hollis, KJ Hawley, ME Dickerson, PO AF Hollis, K. J. Hawley, M. E. Dickerson, P. O. TI Characterization of Thermal Diffusion Related Properties in Plasma Sprayed Zirconium Coatings SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Thermal Spray Conference (ITSC) CY SEP 27-29, 2011 CL Hamburg, GERMANY DE inert plasma spray; influence of spray parameters; porosity of coatings; substrate coating interaction; transferred-arc cleaning; Zr metal coating AB Zirconium (Zr) metal is of interest for chemical corrosion protection and nuclear reactor core applications. Inert chamber plasma spraying has been used to produce thin Zr coatings on stainless steel (SS) substrates. The coatings were deposited while using transferred arc (TA) cleaning/heating at five different current levels. In order to better understand thermal diffusion governed processes, the coating porosity, grain size and interdiffusion with the substrate were measured as a function of TA current. Low porosity (3.5 to < 0.5%), recrystallization with fine equiaxed grain size (3-8 mu m diameter) and varying elemental diffusion distance (0-50 mu m) from the coating-substrate interface were observed. In addition, the coatings were low in oxygen content compared to the wrought SS substrates. The Zr coatings sprayed under these conditions look promising for highly demanding applications. C1 [Hollis, K. J.; Hawley, M. E.; Dickerson, P. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hollis, KJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kjhollis@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3-4 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1007/s11666-011-9718-x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA 934US UT WOS:000303472800007 ER PT J AU Ma, CB AF Ma, Changbei TI Highly sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase using molecular beacon probes based on enzymatic polymerization SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Alkaline phosphatase; Inhibitor; Molecular beacon ID OKADAIC ACID; SUBSTRATE; ASSAY AB We have developed a new methodology for highly sensitive alkaline phosphatase assay using molecular beacon probes. No incubation step is needed to obtain a limit of detection for ALP of 2 x 10(-16) M. Furthermore, ALP inhibition by the inhibitor okadaic acid is shown, demonstrating the potential for high-throughput screening for inhibitors. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ma, Changbei] Cent S Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Ma, Changbei] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ma, CB (reprint author), Cent S Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Technol, Tongzipo Rd 172, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM lhlmcb@yahoo.com.cn FU U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; Science, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Chemical Sciences FX The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. This work was supported by the Director of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Chemical Sciences. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 3 BP 113 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.03.005 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 937ZB UT WOS:000303701600002 PM 22464925 ER PT J AU Weston, DJ Pelletier, DA Morrell-Falvey, JL Tschaplinski, TJ Jawdy, SS Lu, TY Allen, SM Melton, SJ Martin, MZ Schadt, CW Karve, AA Chen, JG Yang, XH Doktycz, MJ Tuskan, GA AF Weston, David J. Pelletier, Dale A. Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L. Tschaplinski, Timothy J. Jawdy, Sara S. Lu, Tse-Yuan Allen, Sara M. Melton, Sarah J. Martin, Madhavi Z. Schadt, Christopher W. Karve, Abhijit A. Chen, Jin-Gui Yang, Xiaohan Doktycz, Mitchel J. Tuskan, Gerald A. TI Pseudomonas fluorescens Induces Strain-Dependent and Strain-Independent Host Plant Responses in Defense Networks, Primary Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Fitness SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE; GROWTH-PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; SALICYLIC-ACID; FUSARIUM-WILT; WHEAT ROOTS AB Colonization of plants by nonpathogenic Pseudomonas fluorescens strains can confer enhanced defense capacity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Few studies, however, have linked defense pathway regulation to primary metabolism and physiology. In this study, physiological data, metabolites, and transcript profiles are integrated to elucidate how molecular networks initiated at the root-microbe interface influence shoot metabolism and whole-plant performance. Experiments with Arabidopsis thaliana were performed using the newly identified P. fluorescens GM30 or P. fluorescens Pf-5 strains. Co-expression networks indicated that Pf-5 and GM30 induced a subnetwork specific to roots enriched for genes participating in RNA regulation, protein degradation, and hormonal metabolism. In contrast, only GM30 induced a subnetwork enriched for calcium signaling, sugar and nutrient signaling, and auxin metabolism, suggesting strain dependence in network architecture. In addition, one subnetwork present in shoots was enriched for genes in secondary metabolism, photosynthetic light reactions, and hormone metabolism. Metabolite analysis indicated that this network initiated changes in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Consistent with this, we observed strain-specific responses in tryptophan and phenylalanine abundance. Both strains reduced host plant carbon gain and fitness, yet provided a clear fitness benefit when plants were challenged with the pathogen P. syringae DC3000. C1 [Weston, David J.; Pelletier, Dale A.; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.; Tschaplinski, Timothy J.; Jawdy, Sara S.; Lu, Tse-Yuan; Allen, Sara M.; Melton, Sarah J.; Martin, Madhavi Z.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Karve, Abhijit A.; Chen, Jin-Gui; Yang, Xiaohan; Doktycz, Mitchel J.; Tuskan, Gerald A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Weston, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM westondj@ornl.gov RI Chen, Jin-Gui/A-4773-2011; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/A-6615-2011; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; OI Chen, Jin-Gui/0000-0002-1752-4201; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/0000-0002-9362-7528; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Tschaplinski, Timothy/0000-0002-9540-6622; Martin, Madhavi/0000-0002-6677-2180 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, Plant Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oakridge, TN, U.S.A); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was sponsored by the Genomic Science Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, as part of the Plant Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area (based at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oakridge, TN, U.S.A.). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank S. Horvath and P. Lanfelder for collaboration on network analysis; and G. Stacey, S. Karve, and S. Karve for insightful discussions. NR 82 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 45 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 25 IS 6 BP 765 EP 778 DI 10.1094/MPMI-09-11-0253 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 937LP UT WOS:000303660300005 PM 22375709 ER PT J AU Kuchibhatla, SVNT Shutthanandan, V Prosa, TJ Adusumilli, P Arey, B Buxbaum, A Wang, YC Tessner, T Ulfig, R Wang, CM Thevuthasan, S AF Kuchibhatla, Satyanarayana V. N. T. Shutthanandan, V. Prosa, T. J. Adusumilli, P. Arey, B. Buxbaum, A. Wang, Y. C. Tessner, T. Ulfig, R. Wang, C. M. Thevuthasan, S. TI Three-dimensional chemical imaging of embedded nanoparticles using atom probe tomography SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MGO; EVAPORATION AB Analysis of nanoparticles is often challenging especially when they are embedded in a matrix. Hence, we have used laser-assisted atom probe tomography (APT) to analyze the Au nanoclusters synthesized in situ using ion-beam implantation in a single crystal MgO matrix. APT analysis along with scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (STEM-EDX) indicated that the nanoparticles have an average size similar to 8-12 nm. While it is difficult to analyze the composition of individual nanoparticles using STEM, APT analysis can give three-dimensional compositions of the same. It was shown that the maximum Au concentration in the nanoparticles increases with increasing particle size, with a maximum Au concentration of up to 50%. C1 [Kuchibhatla, Satyanarayana V. N. T.; Shutthanandan, V.; Adusumilli, P.; Arey, B.; Wang, C. M.; Thevuthasan, S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kuchibhatla, Satyanarayana V. N. T.] Battelle Sci & Technol India, Pune, MH, India. [Prosa, T. J.; Ulfig, R.] Cameca Instruments Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Adusumilli, P.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Buxbaum, A.; Wang, Y. C.; Tessner, T.] FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR USA. RP Kuchibhatla, SVNT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM satya.kuchibhatla@battelle-india.com; theva@pnnl.gov FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Chemical Imaging Initiative at PNNL FX A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a National Scientific User Facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Funding support was provided by the Chemical Imaging Initiative at PNNL. The authors would like to acknowledge help from M Nandasiri and R Sanghavi during the course of this project. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 19 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 23 IS 21 AR 215704 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/23/21/215704 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 939LO UT WOS:000303812500017 PM 22551877 ER PT J AU Fenollar-Ferrer, C Anselmi, C Carnevale, V Raugei, S Carloni, P AF Fenollar-Ferrer, Cristina Anselmi, Claudio Carnevale, Vincenzo Raugei, Simone Carloni, Paolo TI Insights on the acetylated NF-kappa B transcription factor complex with DNA from molecular dynamics simulations SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE transcription factor; MD; lysine acetylation; DNA binding affinity; post-translational modifications; transcription regulation ID NUCLEIC-ACIDS; RESP MODEL; ACTIVATION; PROTEINS; CANCER; PROGRESSION; ENERGIES; PROMOTER; BINDING; TARGET AB The nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) is a DNA sequence-specific regulator of many important biological processes, whose activity is modulated by enzymatic acetylation. In one of the best functionally characterized NF-?B complexes, the p50/p65 heterodimer, acetylation of K221 at p65 causes a decrease of DNA dissociation rate, whilst the acetylation of K122 and K123, also at p65, markedly decreases the binding affinity for DNA. By means of molecular dynamics simulations based on the X-ray structure of the p50/p65 complex with DNA, we provide insights on the structural determinants of the acetylated complexes in aqueous solution. Lysine acetylation involves the loss of favorable electrostatic interactions between DNA and NF-?B, which is partially compensated by the reduction of the desolvation free-energy of the two binding partners. Acetylation at both positions K122 and K123 is associated with a decrease of the electrostatic potential at the p65/DNA interface, which is only partially counterbalanced by an increase of the local Na+ concentration. It induces the disruption of base-specific and nonspecific interactions between DNA and NF-?B and it is consistent with the observed decrease of binding affinity. In contrast, acetylation at position K221 results in the loss of nonspecific proteinDNA interactions, but the DNA recognition sites are not affected. In addition, the loss of proteinDNA interactions is likely to be counterbalanced by an increase of the configurational entropy of the complex, which provides, at a speculative level, a justification for the observed decrease of NF-?B/DNA dissociation rate. Proteins 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Fenollar-Ferrer, Cristina; Anselmi, Claudio] Max Planck Inst Biophys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Carnevale, Vincenzo] Temple Univ, Inst Computat Mol Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Raugei, Simone] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Carloni, Paolo] Univ Aachen, German Res Sch Simulat Sci, Julich Res Ctr, Aachen, Germany. [Carloni, Paolo] Univ Aachen, RWTH, Aachen, Germany. RP Fenollar-Ferrer, C (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Biophys, Max von Laue Str 3, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM cristina.fenollar-ferrer@biophys.mpg.de RI Anselmi, Claudio/D-6244-2012; Carloni, Paolo/H-8736-2013; Carnevale, Vincenzo/D-8015-2014 OI Anselmi, Claudio/0000-0002-3017-5085; Carnevale, Vincenzo/0000-0002-1918-8280 NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD JUN PY 2012 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1560 EP 1568 DI 10.1002/prot.24047 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 938UQ UT WOS:000303759000004 PM 22419549 ER PT J AU Boissier, F Georgescauld, F Moynie, L Dupuy, JW Sarger, C Podar, M Lascu, I Giraud, MF Dautant, A AF Boissier, Fanny Georgescauld, Florian Moynie, Lucile Dupuy, Jean-William Sarger, Claude Podar, Mircea Lascu, Ioan Giraud, Marie-France Dautant, Alain TI An intersubunit disulfide bridge stabilizes the tetrameric nucleoside diphosphate kinase of Aquifex aeolicus SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE crystal structure; oligomerization; hyperthermophile; radiation damage ID X-RAY-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEINS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; THERMOSTABILITY; RESOLUTION; SOFTWARE; REVEALS; COMPLEX; ENZYMES AB The nucleoside diphosphate kinase (Ndk) catalyzes the reversible transfer of the ?-phosphate from nucleoside triphosphate to nucleoside diphosphate. Ndks form hexamers or two types of tetramers made of the same building block, namely, the common dimer. The secondary interfaces of the Type I tetramer found in Myxococcus xanthus Ndk and of the Type II found in Escherichia coli Ndk involve the opposite sides of subunits. Up to now, the few available structures of Ndk from thermophiles were hexameric. Here, we determined the X-ray structures of four crystal forms of the Ndk from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus (Aa-Ndk). Aa-Ndk displays numerous features of thermostable proteins and is made of the common dimer but it is a tetramer of Type I. Indeed, the insertion of three residues in a surface-exposed spiral loop, named the Kpn-loop, leads to the formation of a two-turn a-helix that prevents both hexamer and Type II tetramer assembly. Moreover, the side chain of the cysteine at position 133, which is not present in other Ndk sequences, adopts two alternate conformations. Through the secondary interface, each one forms a disulfide bridge with the equivalent Cys133 from the neighboring subunit. This disulfide bridge was progressively broken during X-ray data collection by radiation damage. Such crosslinks counterbalance the weakness of the common-dimer interface. A 40% decrease of the kinase activity at 60 degrees C after reduction and alkylation of the protein corroborates the structural relevance of the disulfide bridge on the tetramer assembly and enzymatic function. Proteins 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Boissier, Fanny; Georgescauld, Florian; Moynie, Lucile; Sarger, Claude; Lascu, Ioan; Giraud, Marie-France; Dautant, Alain] CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33077 Bordeaux, France. [Boissier, Fanny; Georgescauld, Florian; Moynie, Lucile; Sarger, Claude; Lascu, Ioan; Giraud, Marie-France; Dautant, Alain] Univ Bordeaux, Inst Biochim & Genet Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33077 Bordeaux, France. [Dupuy, Jean-William] Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Genom Fonct Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. [Podar, Mircea] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dautant, A (reprint author), CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint Saens, F-33077 Bordeaux, France. EM a.dautant@ibgc.cnrs.fr RI Dupuy, Jean-William/F-5335-2012; OI Dupuy, Jean-William/0000-0002-2448-4797; Georgescauld, Florian/0000-0003-0530-1884; Podar, Mircea/0000-0003-2776-0205 FU Region Aquitaine; ESRF; SOLEIL FX Grant sponsors: Region Aquitaine, ESRF, SOLEIL NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD JUN PY 2012 VL 80 IS 6 BP 1658 EP 1668 DI 10.1002/prot.24062 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 938UQ UT WOS:000303759000012 PM 22467275 ER PT J AU Balco, G Purvance, MD Rood, DH AF Balco, Greg Purvance, Matthew D. Rood, Dylan H. TI Exposure dating of precariously balanced rocks (vol 6, pg 295, 2011) SO QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Balco, Greg] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. [Purvance, Matthew D.] Univ Nevada, Seismol Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Purvance, Matthew D.] Itasca Consulting Grp, Minneapolis, MN 55401 USA. [Rood, Dylan H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Rood, Dylan H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Balco, G (reprint author), Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, 2455 Ridge Rd, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. EM balcs@bgc.org NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1871-1014 J9 QUAT GEOCHRONOL JI Quat. Geochronol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 9 BP 86 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.quageo.2012.02.011 PG 1 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 939CJ UT WOS:000303784300010 ER PT J AU Repins, I Beall, C Vora, N DeHart, C Kuciauskas, D Dippo, P To, B Mann, J Hsu, WC Goodrich, A Noufi, R AF Repins, Ingrid Beall, Carolyn Vora, Nirav DeHart, Clay Kuciauskas, Darius Dippo, Pat To, Bobby Mann, Jonathan Hsu, Wan-Ching Goodrich, Alan Noufi, Rommel TI Co-evaporated Cu2ZnSnSe4 films and devices SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE CZTS; Kesterite; Thin film; Solar cell; Co-evaporation; Earth-abundant ID SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; EFFICIENCY; PHOTOVOLTAICS; PRECURSOR; PROGRESS AB The use of vacuum co-evaporation to produce Cu2ZnSnSe4 photovoltaic devices with 9.15% total-area efficiency is described. These new results suggest that the early success of the atmospheric techniques for kesterite photovoltaics may be related to the ease with which one can control film composition and volatile phases, rather than a fundamental benefit of atmospheric conditions for film properties. The co-evaporation growth recipe is documented, as is the motivation for various features of the recipe. Characteristics of the resulting kesterite films and devices are shown in scanning electron micrographs, including photoluminescence, current-voltage, and quantum efficiency. Current-voltage curves demonstrate low series resistance without the light-dark cross-over seen in many devices in the literature. Band gap indicated by quantum efficiency and photoluminescence is roughly consistent with that expected from first principles calculation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Repins, Ingrid; Beall, Carolyn; Vora, Nirav; DeHart, Clay; Kuciauskas, Darius; Dippo, Pat; To, Bobby; Mann, Jonathan; Goodrich, Alan; Noufi, Rommel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hsu, Wan-Ching] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Repins, I (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ingrid.repins.@nrel.gov FU U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; California NanoSystem Institute FX The Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC (Alliance), is the manager and operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Employees of the Alliance, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the U.S. Dept. of Energy, have authored this work.; Support for Wan-Ching Hsu is provided by the California NanoSystem Institute. NR 50 TC 385 Z9 390 U1 15 U2 208 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD JUN PY 2012 VL 101 BP 154 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2012.01.008 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 941IN UT WOS:000303957000025 ER PT J AU Alfonso, DR AF Alfonso, Dominic R. TI Influence of Sulfur Poisoning on CO Adsorption on Pd(100) SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Sulfur poisoning; Coadsorption; Metallic surfaces; Density functional theory calculations; Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; 1ST PRINCIPLES; DISSOCIATION; SURFACE; COADSORPTION; ADLAYERS; DYNAMICS; HYDROGEN; FE(100) AB Investigations of CO adsorption on sulfur covered Pd(100) surface were conducted in order to obtain insight into the deleterious effects of sulfur on this system. First-principles density functional theory calculations indicate that CO is markedly destabilized when it shares surface atoms with neighboring sulfur. Based on the analysis of the electronic properties, the decrease in binding is attributed to localized S-Pd bonding plus the interaction between CO and S. The internal C-O stretching frequency was blue shifted relative to that on the clean surface as a result of the weakening of the C-Pd bonds. The poisoning effect is predicted to diminish for distant sites. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations (with adsorbate lateral interactions included) revealed that the introduction of S creates competition for adsorption sites. At a finite temperature, CO adsorption is essentially nullified when the surface is covered by a quarter of monolayer of sulfur in agreement with experiments. Aside from reduction of possible adsorption sites, sulfur severely inhibits the mobility of CO as well. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Alfonso, DR (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM alfonso@netl.doe.gov NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 EI 1572-9028 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9792-4 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940IR UT WOS:000303883700005 ER PT J AU Liu, B Greeley, J AF Liu, Bin Greeley, Jeffrey TI Density Functional Theory Study of Selectivity Considerations for C-C Versus C-O Bond Scission in Glycerol Decomposition on Pt(111) SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Density functional theory; Scaling relationships; Biomass; Glycerol; Hydrogen production; Pt(111); Selectivity; Reforming ID BIOMASS-DERIVED HYDROCARBONS; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; FINDING SADDLE-POINTS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; METHANOL DECOMPOSITION; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; OXYGENATED HYDROCARBONS; CATALYTIC CONVERSION; BIMETALLIC SURFACES AB Glycerol decomposition via a combination of dehydrogenation, C-C bond scission, and C-O bond scission reactions is examined on Pt(111) with periodic Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Building upon a previous study focused on C-C bond scission in glycerol, the current work presents a first analysis of the competition between C-O and C-C bond cleavage in this reaction network. The thermochemistry of various species produced from C-O bond breaking in glycerol dehydrogenation intermediates is estimated using an extension of a previously introduced empirical correlation scheme, with parameters fit to DFT calculations. Bronsted-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) relationships are then used to estimate the kinetics of C-O bond breaking. When combined with the previous results, the thermochemical and kinetic analyses imply that, while C-O bond scission may be competitive with C-C bond scission during the early stages of glycerol dehydrogenation, the overall rates are likely to be very low. Later in the dehydrogenation process, where rates will be much higher, transition states for C-C bond scission involving decarbonylation are much lower in energy than are the corresponding transition states for C-O bond breaking, implying that the selectivity for C-C scission will be high for glycerol decomposition on smooth platinum surfaces. It is anticipated that the correlation schemes described in this work will provide an efficient strategy for estimating thermochemical and kinetic energetics for a variety of elementary bond breaking processes on Pt(111) and may ultimately facilitate computational catalyst design for these and related catalytic processes. C1 [Liu, Bin; Greeley, Jeffrey] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Greeley, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jgreeley@anl.gov RI Liu, Bin/C-1475-2012 FU Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; EMSL, a national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Argonne Laboratory Computing Resource Center (LCRC) FX This study was supported as part of the Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We acknowledge grants of computer time from EMSL, a national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the Argonne Laboratory Computing Resource Center (LCRC). This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 61 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 91 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 280 EP 289 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9806-2 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940IR UT WOS:000303883700006 ER PT J AU Xu, Y AF Xu, Ye TI Decomposition of Furan on Pd(111) SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Furan; Palladium; Decomposition; Kinetics; Hetoregenous catalysis; Density functional theory ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; CO ADSORPTION; BIOMASS; HYDROGENATION; FUELS; CHEMISORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION; DESORPTION; KINETICS AB Periodic density functional theory calculations (GGA-PBE) have been performed to investigate the mechanism for the decomposition of furan up to CO formation on the Pd(111) surface. At 1/9 ML coverage, furan adsorbs with its molecular plane parallel to the surface in several states with nearly identical adsorption energies of -1.0 eV. The decomposition of furan begins with the opening of the ring at the C-O position with an activation barrier of = 0.82 eV, which yields a C4H4O aldehyde species that rapidly loses the alpha H to form C4H3O ( = 0.40 eV). C4H3O further dehydrogenates at the delta position to form C4H2O ( = 0.83 eV), before the alpha-I-2 C-C bond dissociates ( = 1.08 eV) to form CO. Each step is the lowest-barrier dissociation step in the respective species. A simple kinetic analysis suggests that furan decomposition begins at 240-270 K and is mostly complete by 320 K, in close agreement with previous experiments. It is suggested that the C4H2O intermediate delays the decarbonylation step up to 350 K. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS 6493, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM xuy2@ornl.gov RI Xu, Ye/B-5447-2009 OI Xu, Ye/0000-0002-6406-7832 FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by DOE Office of Science under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, and resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is supported by DOE Office of Science under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. I thank Dr. Aditya Ashi Savara for helpful discussions. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 29 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 290 EP 299 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9797-z PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940IR UT WOS:000303883700007 ER PT J AU Ferguson, GA Mehmood, F Rankin, RB Greeley, JP Vajda, S Curtiss, LA AF Ferguson, Glen Allen Mehmood, Faisal Rankin, Rees B. Greeley, Jeffery P. Vajda, Stefan Curtiss, Larry A. TI Exploring Computational Design of Size-Specific Subnanometer Clusters Catalysts SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Catalysis; Supported metal clusters; Subnanometer clusters; Propylene oxidation; Propane dehydrogenation; Methanol decomposition; Density functional theory ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SUPPORTED METAL-CLUSTERS; WOODWARD-HOFFMANN RULES; SELECTIVE PROPENE EPOXIDATION; HIGH-THROUGHPUT DISCOVERY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; MASS-SELECTED CLUSTERS; METHANOL DECOMPOSITION; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; STRUCTURE-SENSITIVITY AB Computational design of catalysts is currently an area of significant interest. While this area has made great strides in recent years, these methods have mainly been applied to solid heterogeneous catalysts. An emerging class of catalysts with very promising properties is that constructed from clusters of atoms at or below the nanoscale. The use of computational catalyst design methods for the construction and optimization of subnanometer clusters, however, has not yet been extensively explored. In this review, we discuss recent work on subnanometer catalysts in our group and discuss how computational catalyst design principles are being explored for this class of materials. Specifically, the origin of activity and selectivity for supported metal clusters that catalyze the production of propene and propylene oxide are discussed along with the implications of these studies for implementing a descriptor-based catalyst optimization. The extension of these ideas for designing a catalyst for methanol decomposition is then discussed and an application of a descriptor-based scheme for the optimization of methanol decomposition by subnanometer catalyst is shown. C1 [Rankin, Rees B.; Greeley, Jeffery P.; Vajda, Stefan; Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ferguson, Glen Allen; Mehmood, Faisal; Vajda, Stefan; Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mehmood, Faisal] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Greeley, JP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jgreeley@anl.gov; curtiss@anl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX Work, including an Early Career Award for J.G., was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors acknowledge the use of Argonne LCRC and the Center for Nanoscale Materials computer resources. S.V. acknowledges initial support by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the use of the 12-ID-C beamline of the Advanced Photon Source for performing the experimental studies. NR 242 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 81 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 EI 1572-9028 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 353 EP 365 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9804-4 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940IR UT WOS:000303883700013 ER PT J AU Xin, HL Holewinski, A Schweitzer, N Nikolla, E Linic, S AF Xin, Hongliang Holewinski, Adam Schweitzer, Neil Nikolla, Eranda Linic, Suljo TI Electronic Structure Engineering in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Identifying Novel Alloy Catalysts Based on Rapid Screening for Materials with Desired Electronic Properties SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Structure-reactivity relationships; Alloy; Density functional theory; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Oxygen reduction reaction; Platinum; Rapid screening ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; EDGE FINE-STRUCTURE; MONOLAYER ELECTROCATALYSTS; REFORMING CATALYST; METAL-SURFACES; BAND-STRUCTURE; K-EDGE; SPECTRA; XANES; PT(111) AB The immense phase space of multimetallic materials spanned by structural and compositional degrees of freedom precludes thorough screening for efficient alloy catalysts, even with combinatorial high-throughput experiments or quantum-chemical calculations. Based on X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements and density functional theory calculations, we have identified critical electronic structure descriptors that govern local chemical reactivity of different sites in metal alloys. These descriptors were used to develop a model that allows us to predict variations in the adsorption energy of various adsorbates on alloy surfaces based on easily accessible physical characteristics of the constituent elements in alloys, mainly their electronegativity, atomic radius, and the spatial extent of valence orbitals. We show that this model, which is grounded on validated theories of chemisorption on metal surfaces, can be used to rapidly screen through a large phase space of alloy catalysts and identify optimal alloys for targeted catalytic transformations. We underline the potential of the electronic structure engineering, relating alloy geometry to its catalytic performance using simple electronic structure descriptors, in catalysis. C1 [Xin, Hongliang; Holewinski, Adam; Linic, Suljo] Univ Michigan, Dept Chem Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Schweitzer, Neil] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60430 USA. [Nikolla, Eranda] Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Linic, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Chem Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM linic@umich.edu OI HOLEWINSKI, ADAM/0000-0001-8307-5881 FU US Department of Energy DOE-BES, Division of Chemical Sciences [FG-02-05ER15686]; National Science Foundation [CBET 1132777]; DuPont Corporation; Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the US Department of Energy DOE-BES, Division of Chemical Sciences (FG-02-05ER15686) and the National Science Foundation (CBET 1132777). S. Linic also acknowledges the DuPont Young Professor grant by DuPont Corporation and the Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award from the Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation. NR 56 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 12 U2 83 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 EI 1572-9028 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 376 EP 390 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9794-2 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940IR UT WOS:000303883700015 ER PT J AU Zou, CY van Duin, ACT Sorescu, DC AF Zou, Chenyu van Duin, Adri C. T. Sorescu, Dan C. TI Theoretical Investigation of Hydrogen Adsorption and Dissociation on Iron and Iron Carbide Surfaces Using the ReaxFF Reactive Force Field Method SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; Hydrogen dissociation and reformation; Iron and iron carbide; ReaxFF ID ELECTRONEGATIVITY EQUALIZATION METHOD; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; FE(100) SURFACE; 1ST PRINCIPLES; BCC IRON; CO; DIFFUSION; ATOMS; FE; CHEMISORPTION AB We have developed a ReaxFF reactive force field to describe hydrogen adsorption and dissociation on iron and iron carbide surfaces relevant for simulation of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis on iron catalysts. This force field enables large system (>> 1000 atoms) simulations of hydrogen related reactions with iron. The ReaxFF force field parameters are trained against a substantial amount of structural and energetic data including the equations of state and heats of formation of iron and iron carbide related materials, as well as hydrogen interaction with iron surfaces and different phases of bulk iron. We have validated the accuracy and applicability of ReaxFF force field by carrying out molecular dynamics simulations of hydrogen adsorption, dissociation and recombination on iron and iron carbide surfaces. The barriers and reaction energies for molecular dissociation on these two types of surfaces have been compared and the effect of subsurface carbon on hydrogen interaction with iron surface is evaluated. We found that existence of carbon atoms at subsurface iron sites tends to increase the hydrogen dissociation energy barrier on the surface, and also makes the corresponding hydrogen dissociative state relatively more stable compared to that on bare iron. These properties of iron carbide will affect the dissociation rate of H-2 and will retain more surface hydride species, thus influencing the dynamics of the FT synthesis process. C1 [Zou, Chenyu; van Duin, Adri C. T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sorescu, Dan C.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP van Duin, ACT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM acv13@psu.edu FU National Energy Technology Laboratory-Regional University Association (NETL-RUA) FX This work is funded by National Energy Technology Laboratory-Regional University Association (NETL-RUA). RES activity number 0004000.662.884.001. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 78 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 EI 1572-9028 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5-6 BP 391 EP 401 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9796-0 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 940IR UT WOS:000303883700016 ER PT J AU Zhang, XS Zhao, KG AF Zhang, Xuesong Zhao, Kaiguang TI Bayesian Neural Networks for Uncertainty Analysis of Hydrologic Modeling: A Comparison of Two Schemes SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bayesian neural networks; Bayesian model averaging; Evolutionary Monte Carlo; Hydrologic modeling; Streamflow; Uncertainty ID MONTE-CARLO; PREDICTION; PARAMETER; WATER; VARIABLES; ISSUES; INPUT AB Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) have been shown as useful tools to analyze modeling uncertainty of Neural Networks (NNs). This research focuses on the comparison of two BNNs. The first BNNs (BNN-I) use statistical methods to describe the characteristics of different uncertainty sources (input, parameter, and model structure) and integrate these uncertainties into a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework to estimate total uncertainty. The second BNNs (BNN-II) lump all uncertainties into a single error term (i.e. the residual between model prediction and measurement). In this study, we propose a simple BNN-II, which uses Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) to calibrate Neural Networks with different structures (number of hidden units) and combine the predictions from different NNs to derive predictions and uncertainty estimation. We tested these two BNNs in two watersheds for daily and monthly hydrologic simulations. The BMA based BNNs (BNN-II) developed here outperforms BNN-I in the two watersheds in terms of both accurate prediction and uncertainty estimation. These results indicate that, given incomplete understanding of the characteristics associated with each uncertainty source and their interactions, the simple lumped error approach may yield better prediction and uncertainty estimation. C1 [Zhang, Xuesong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Zhang, Xuesong] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Zhao, Kaiguang] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Zhao, Kaiguang] Duke Univ, Ctr Global Change, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Zhang, XS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM Xuesong.Zhang@pnl.gov RI zhang, xuesong/B-7907-2009; Zhao, Kaiguang/D-1172-2010 FU US DOE Office of Science (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX We sincerely appreciate the constructive comments from the two anonymous reviewers, which highly improve the quality of this paper. This research is supported by US DOE Office of Science (DOE BER Office of Science DE-AC06-76RLO 1830). NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4741 J9 WATER RESOUR MANAG JI Water Resour. Manag. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2365 EP 2382 DI 10.1007/s11269-012-0021-5 PG 18 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 940KT UT WOS:000303889100015 ER PT J AU Yasunaga, K Mikajiri, T Sarathy, SM Koike, T Gillespie, F Nagy, T Simmie, JM Curran, HJ AF Yasunaga, Kenji Mikajiri, Takahiro Sarathy, S. Mani Koike, Tohru Gillespie, Fiona Nagy, Tibor Simmie, John M. Curran, Henry J. TI A shock tube and chemical kinetic modeling study of the pyrolysis and oxidation of butanols SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Shock tube; Pyrolysis; Oxidation; Ignition; n-Butanol; sec-Butanol ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; RATE CONSTANTS; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; VINYL ALCOHOL; DATA-BASE; PRESSURE; RADICALS; WAVES; AUTOIGNITION; IGNITION AB The pyrolysis and oxidation of all four butanols (n-, sec-, iso- and tert-) have been studied at pressures from 1 to 4 atm and temperatures of 1000-1800 K behind reflected shock waves. Gas chromatographic sampling at different reaction times varying from 1.5 to 3.1 ms was used to measure reactant, intermediate and product species profiles in a single-pulse shock tube. In addition, ignition delays were determined at an average reflected shock pressure of 3.5 atm at temperatures from 1250 to 1800 K. A detailed chemical kinetic model consisting of 1892 reactions involving 284 species was constructed and tested against species profiles and ignition delays. The little-known chemistry of enols is included in this work to explain the temperature dependence of acetaldehyde produced in the thermal decomposition of isobutanol. (C) 2012 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gillespie, Fiona; Nagy, Tibor; Simmie, John M.; Curran, Henry J.] Natl Univ Ireland, Combust Chem Ctr, Sch Chem, Galway, Ireland. [Yasunaga, Kenji; Mikajiri, Takahiro; Koike, Tohru] Natl Def Acad, Dept Appl Chem, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239, Japan. [Sarathy, S. Mani] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Curran, HJ (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Combust Chem Ctr, Sch Chem, Galway, Ireland. EM henry.curran@nuigalway.ie RI Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; Nagy, Tibor/M-8897-2015; OI Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Nagy, Tibor/0000-0002-1412-3007; Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562; Gillespie, Fiona/0000-0002-2603-9961 FU Science Foundation Ireland [08/IN.1/12055, 07/RFP/CHEF845]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We would like to acknowledge the support of Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 08/IN.1/12055 and under Grant No. 07/RFP/CHEF845 through their Principal Investigator and Research Frontiers Programmes. The work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contact DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 61 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 7 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 2012 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2009 EP 2027 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.02.008 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 934DX UT WOS:000303424600001 ER PT J AU Sarathy, SM Vranckx, S Yasunaga, K Mehl, M Osswald, P Metcalfe, WK Westbrook, CK Pitz, WJ Kohse-Hoinghaus, K Fernandes, RX Curran, HJ AF Sarathy, S. Mani Vranckx, Stijn Yasunaga, Kenji Mehl, Marco Osswald, Patrick Metcalfe, Wayne K. Westbrook, Charles K. Pitz, William J. Kohse-Hoeinghaus, Katharina Fernandes, Ravi X. Curran, Henry J. TI A comprehensive chemical kinetic combustion model for the four butanol isomers SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Butanol isomers; Chemical kinetic modeling; Bio-butanol; Reaction rate rules; Alcohol combustion ID JET-STIRRED REACTOR; SPARK-IGNITION ENGINE; HIGHER-ALCOHOL/GASOLINE BLENDS; HYDROXYL RADICAL REACTIONS; SINGLE-CYLINDER ENGINE; GAS-PHASE KINETICS; TERT-BUTYL ALCOHOL; RATE CONSTANTS; ISO-BUTANOL; N-BUTANOL AB Alcohols, such as butanol, are a class of molecules that have been proposed as a bio-derived alternative or blending agent for conventional petroleum derived fuels. The structural isomer in traditional "bio-butanol" fuel is 1-butanol, but newer conversion technologies produce iso-butanol and 2-butanol as fuels. Biological pathways to higher molecular weight alcohols have also been identified. In order to better understand the combustion chemistry of linear and branched alcohols, this study presents a comprehensive chemical kinetic model for all the four isomers of butanol (e.g., 1-, 2-, iso- and tert-butanol). The proposed model includes detailed high-temperature and low-temperature reaction pathways with reaction rates assigned to describe the unique oxidation features of linear and branched alcohols. Experimental validation targets for the model include low pressure premixed flat flame species profiles obtained using molecular beam mass spectrometry (MBMS), premixed laminar flame velocity, rapid compression machine and shock tube ignition delay, and jet-stirred reactor species profiles. The agreement with these various data sets spanning a wide range of temperatures and pressures is reasonably good. The validated chemical kinetic model is used to elucidate the dominant reaction pathways at the various pressures and temperatures studied. At low-temperature conditions, the reaction of 1-hydroxybutyl with O-2 was important in controlling the reactivity of the system, and for correctly predicting C-4 aldehyde profiles in low pressure premixed flames and jet-stirred reactors. Enol-keto isomerization reactions assisted by radicals and formic acid were also found to be important in converting enols to aldehydes and ketones under certain conditions. Structural features of the four different butanol isomers leading to differences in the combustion properties of each isomer are thoroughly discussed. (C) 2011 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sarathy, S. Mani; Mehl, Marco; Westbrook, Charles K.; Pitz, William J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Vranckx, Stijn; Fernandes, Ravi X.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Yasunaga, Kenji] Natl Def Acad, Dept Appl Chem, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2398686, Japan. [Osswald, Patrick; Kohse-Hoeinghaus, Katharina] Univ Bielefeld, Dept Chem, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. [Metcalfe, Wayne K.; Curran, Henry J.] NUI Galway, Combust Chem Ctr, Sch Chem, Galway, Ireland. RP Sarathy, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sarathy1@llnl.gov RI Kohse-Hoinghaus, Katharina/A-3867-2012; Osswald, Patrick/N-3377-2013; Sarathy, S. Mani/M-5639-2015; Mehl, Marco/A-8506-2009; OI Osswald, Patrick/0000-0002-2257-2988; Sarathy, S. Mani/0000-0002-3975-6206; Mehl, Marco/0000-0002-2227-5035; Curran, Henry/0000-0002-5124-8562 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies and Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; German federal and state governments; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [KO1363/18-3]; Alexander Von Humboldt (AvH) Foundation; NSERC of Canada FX The US Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies and Office of Basic Energy Sciences supported the portion of this work performed at LLNL, and the authors thank program managers Kevin Stork and Wade Sisk. Research at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The work at RWTH Aachen is part of the Cluster of Excellence "Tailor Made Fuels from Biomass", which is funded by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities. The work in Bielefeld was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under contract KO1363/18-3. S.V. gratefully acknowledges support from the Alexander Von Humboldt (AvH) Foundation. S.M.S. acknowledges fellowship support from NSERC of Canada. NR 146 TC 181 Z9 186 U1 25 U2 155 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 2012 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2028 EP 2055 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.12.017 PG 28 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 934DX UT WOS:000303424600002 ER PT J AU Lacaze, G Oefelein, JC AF Lacaze, Guilhem Oefelein, Joseph C. TI A non-premixed combustion model based on flame structure analysis at supercritical pressures SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE High-pressure combustion; Real-fluid effects; Counterflow diffusion flame; Transcritical regime; Supercritical regime; Flame structure ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; HYDROGEN ROCKET COMBUSTORS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; JET FLAMES; LIQUID-OXYGEN; MIXTURES; PREDICTION; FLUIDS; EXTINCTION; INJECTION AB This work presents a study of non-premixed flames at supercritical-pressure conditions. Emphasis is placed on flame stability in liquid rocket engines fueled with liquid oxygen and gaseous hydrogen. The flame structure sensitivity to strain, pressure, temperature and real-fluid effects was investigated in detailed opposed-jet flames calculations. It is shown that the flame is very robust to strain, that the flamelet assumption is valid for the conditions of interest, and that real-fluid phenomena can have a significant impact on flame topology. At high-pressure supercritical conditions, small pressure or temperature variations can induce strong changes of thermodynamic properties across the flame. A substantial finding was also that the presence of water from combustion significantly increases the critical pressure of the mixture, but this does not lead to a saturated state where two-phase flow may be observed. The present study then shows that a single-phase real-fluid approach is relevant for supercritical hydrogen-oxygen combustion. Resultant observations are used to develop a flamelet model framework that combines detailed real-fluid thermodynamics with a tabulated chemistry approach. The governing equation for energy contains a compressible source term that models the flame. Through this approach, the solver is capable of capturing compressibility and strain-rate effects. Good agreements have been obtained with respect to detailed computations. Heat release sensitivity to strain and pressure variations is also recovered. Consequently, this approach can be used to study combustion stability in actual burners. The approach preserves the density gradient in the high-shear region between the liquid-oxygen jet and product rich flame region. The latter is a key requirement to properly simulate dense-fluid jet destabilization and mixing in practical devices. (C) 2012 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lacaze, Guilhem; Oefelein, Joseph C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lacaze, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gnlacaz@sandia.gov; oefelei@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94-AL85000] FX The US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences supported this work. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 2012 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2087 EP 2103 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.02.003 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 934DX UT WOS:000303424600006 ER PT J AU Sullivan, KT Worsley, MA Kuntz, JD Gash, AE AF Sullivan, Kyle Thomas Worsley, Marcus Andre Kuntz, Joshua David Gash, Alex Eydmann TI Electrophoretic deposition of binary energetic composites SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Electrophoretic deposition; Thermites; Aluminum; Copper oxide; Binary composites; Energetic materials ID REACTION PROPAGATION; COMBUSTION; THERMITES; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; FUEL; REACTIVITY; CONTACT; AL/MOO3; AL/CUO AB This work utilizes electrophoretic deposition (EPD) as a facile and effective method to deposit binary energetic composites. In particular, micron-scale aluminum and nano-scale copper oxide were co-deposited as a thin film onto a conductive substrate without the use of surfactants. For comparative purposes, films of this energetic mixture were also prepared by drop-casting (DC) the premixed suspension directly onto the substrate, then allowing the liquid to dry. The structure and microscopic features of the two types of films were compared using optical and electron microscopies. The films prepared using EPD had an appreciable density of 2.6 g/cm(3), or 51% the theoretical maximum density, which was achieved without any further processing. According to the electron microscopy analysis, the EPD films exhibited much more uniformity in composition and film thickness than those produced by DC. Upon ignition, the EPD films resulted in a smoother and faster combustion event compared to the DC films. The dispersion stability was improved by adding water and decreasing the particle concentration, resulting in dispersions stable for >30 min, an ample amount of time for EPD. Patterned electrodes with fine feature sizes (20 x 0.25 mm) were then combined with EPD to deposit thin films of thermite for flame propagation velocity studies. The fastest velocity (1.7 m/s) was observed for an equivalence ratio of 1.6 +/- 0.2 (Al fuel rich composition). This peak value was used to investigate the effect of film mass/thickness on propagation velocity. The deposition mass was varied from 20 to 213 mu g/mm(2), corresponding to a calculated range of film thicknesses from 9.8 to 104 mu m. At lower masses, a flame did not propagate, indicating a critical mass (20 mu g/mm(2)) or thickness (9.8 mu m). Over the range of thicknesses, in which self-propagating combustion was observed, the flame velocity was found to be independent of sample thickness. The lack of a thickness dependence suggests that under these particular conditions heat losses are negligible, and thus the velocity is predominantly governed by the intrinsic reactivity and heat transfer through the material. (C) 2012 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sullivan, Kyle Thomas; Worsley, Marcus Andre; Kuntz, Joshua David; Gash, Alex Eydmann] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sullivan, KT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sullivan34@llnl.gov RI Worsley, Marcus/G-2382-2014 OI Worsley, Marcus/0000-0002-8012-7727 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Strategic Initiative [11-SI-005]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors would like to thank Julie Hamilton and the custom engineering group of LLNL's Center for Micro and Nano Technology for fabrication of the electrodes. We would also like to acknowledge Doug Hahn for his assistance with the high-speed camera setup. Thanks to Thomas Fitch and the the waste treatment group in the radioactive and hazardous waste management program for conducting the ICP-OES measurements. This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Strategic Initiative program 11-SI-005, and performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JUN PY 2012 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2210 EP 2218 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.01.021 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 934DX UT WOS:000303424600016 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, G Keating, E Moulton, JD Dash, ZV Robinson, BA AF Srinivasan, Gowri Keating, Elizabeth Moulton, John David Dash, Zora V. Robinson, Bruce A. TI Convolution-based particle tracking method for transient flow SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Solute transport; Particle tacking; Convolution; Transient flow ID HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; SIMULATION; GROUNDWATER; DISPERSION; MECHANISMS AB A convolution-based particle tracking (CBPT) method was recently developed for calculating solute concentrations (Robinson et al., Comput Geosci 14(4): 779-792, 2010). This method is highly efficient but limited to steady-state flow conditions. Here, we present an extension of this method to transient flow conditions. This extension requires a single-particle tracking process model run, with a pulse of particles introduced at a sequence of times for each source location. The number and interval of particle releases depends upon the transients in the flow. Numerical convolution of particle paths obtained at each release time and location with a time-varying source term is performed to yield the shape of the plume. Many factors controlling transport such as variation in source terms, radioactive decay, and in some cases linear processes such as sorption and diffusion into dead-end pores can be simulated in the convolution step for Monte Carlo-based analysis of transport uncertainty. We demonstrate the efficiency of the transient CBPT method, by showing that it requires fewer particles than traditional random walk particle tracking methods to achieve the same levels of accuracy, especially as the source term increases in duration or is uncertain. Since flow calculations under transient conditions are often very expensive, this is a computationally efficient yet accurate method. C1 [Srinivasan, Gowri; Moulton, John David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Keating, Elizabeth; Dash, Zora V.; Robinson, Bruce A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Srinivasan, G (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gowri@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Advanced Computing Research (ASCR) FX This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Underground Test Area Project and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Advanced Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematical Sciences. The authors would also like to thank Edward Kwicklis, Scott Painter and two anonymous reviewers for valuable discussions and comments. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-0597 J9 COMPUTAT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 551 EP 563 DI 10.1007/s10596-011-9265-z PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 936IJ UT WOS:000303583800002 ER PT J AU Godinez, HC Moulton, JD AF Godinez, Humberto C. Moulton, J. David TI An efficient matrix-free algorithm for the ensemble Kalman filter SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Ensemble data assimilation; Ensemble Kalman filter; Matrix-free; Sherman-Morrison ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC MODEL; SHALLOW-WATER MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION; LINEAR-SYSTEMS; SPHERE AB In this work, we present an efficient matrix-free ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) algorithm for the assimilation of large data sets. The EnKF has increasingly become an essential tool for data assimilation of numerical models. It is an attractive assimilation method because it can evolve the model covariance matrix for a non-linear model, through the use of an ensemble of model states, and it is easy to implement for any numerical model. Nevertheless, the computational cost of the EnKF can increase significantly for cases involving the assimilation of large data sets. As more data become available for assimilation, a potential bottleneck in most EnKF algorithms involves the operation of the Kalman gain matrix. To reduce the complexity and cost of assimilating large data sets, a matrix-free EnKF algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses an efficient matrix-free linear solver, based on the Sherman-Morrison formulas, to solve the implicit linear system within the Kalman gain matrix and compute the analysis. Numerical experiments with a two-dimensional shallow water model on the sphere are presented, where results show the matrix-free implementation outperforming an singular value decomposition-based implementation in computational time. C1 [Godinez, Humberto C.; Moulton, J. David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Godinez, HC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hgodinez@lanl.gov; moulton@lanl.gov FU Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE Office of Science Advanced Computing Research (ASCR) [LA-UR-11-10437] FX Thanks to the referees for their thoughtful review and suggestions to improve the initial version of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under contracts DE-AC52-06NA25396 and the DOE Office of Science Advanced Computing Research (ASCR) program in Applied Mathematical Sciences. LA-UR-11-10437 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-0597 J9 COMPUTAT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 565 EP 575 DI 10.1007/s10596-011-9268-9 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 936IJ UT WOS:000303583800003 ER PT J AU Pau, GSH Bell, JB Almgren, AS Fagnan, KM Lijewski, MJ AF Pau, George Shu Heng Bell, John B. Almgren, Ann S. Fagnan, Kirsten M. Lijewski, Michael J. TI An adaptive mesh refinement algorithm for compressible two-phase flow in porous media SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Adaptive mesh refinement; Compressible two-phase flow; Porous media; Sequential algorithm ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURE; RESERVOIR SIMULATION; HYDRODYNAMICS; EQUATIONS; MODEL AB We describe a second-order accurate sequential algorithm for solving two-phase multicomponent flow in porous media. The algorithm incorporates an unsplit second-order Godunov scheme that provides accurate resolution of sharp fronts. The method is implemented within a block structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) framework that allows grids to dynamically adapt to features of the flow and enables efficient parallelization of the algorithm. We demonstrate the second-order convergence rate of the algorithm and the accuracy of the AMR solutions compared to uniform fine-grid solutions. The algorithm is then used to simulate the leakage of gas from a Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) storage cavern, demonstrating its capability to capture complex behavior of the resulting flow. We further examine differences resulting from using different relative permeability functions. C1 [Pau, George Shu Heng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bell, John B.; Almgren, Ann S.; Lijewski, Michael J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fagnan, Kirsten M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pau, GSH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gpau@lbl.gov; jbbell@lbl.gov; asalmgren@lbl.gov; kmfagnan@lbl.gov; mjlijewski@lbl.gov RI Pau, George Shu Heng/F-2363-2015 OI Pau, George Shu Heng/0000-0002-9198-6164 FU Office of Science, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM) of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy FX We would like to thank Karsten Pruess for introducing us to the gas leakage problem. Support for this work was provided by the Applied Mathematics Research Program, the Office of Science, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM) program of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under the same contract. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-0597 J9 COMPUTAT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 16 IS 3 BP 577 EP 592 DI 10.1007/s10596-011-9270-2 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 936IJ UT WOS:000303583800004 ER PT J AU Smyser, TJ Duchamp, JE Johnson, SA Larkin, JL Rhodes, OE AF Smyser, Timothy J. Duchamp, Joseph E. Johnson, Scott A. Larkin, Jeffery L. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. TI Consequences of metapopulation collapse: comparison of genetic attributes between two Allegheny woodrat metapopulations SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Allegheny woodrat; Genetic drift; Inbreeding depression; Metapopulation; Stepping-stone metapopulation ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; OCHOTONA-PRINCEPS; NEOTOMA-MAGISTER; CONSERVATION; PATTERNS AB Disruptions in metapopulation connectivity due to demographic pressure can leave genetically isolated subpopulations susceptible to genetic drift, accumulation of deleterious alleles, and inbreeding depression. Such a scenario may be playing out within Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) metapopulations as a series of synergistic extrinsic pressures have contributed to the rangewide decline of the species over the last 40 years. Our goal was to elucidate the effects of demographic collapse on metapopulation function by using 11 microsatellites markers to quantify differences in patterns of connectivity and genetic diversity between a demographically stable metapopulation and one in severe demographic decline. The demographically diminished metapopulation had lower levels of genetic diversity than the stable metapopulation at all levels evaluated (metapopulation-, subpopulation-, and individual-scales). In contrast to patterns of connectivity observed within the stable metapopulation, peripheral subpopulations in the diminished metapopulation had become completely isolated and were drifting toward genetic fixation, likely as a result of the extirpation of stepping-stone subpopulations. The declining genetic parameters observed within these isolated peripheral subpopulations suggest that inbreeding depression may be contributing significantly to their demographic decline. Allegheny woodrats readily express the genetic consequences of metapopulation decline due to the low effective population sizes of subpopulations and the species' limited dispersal capacity. Differences in genetic parameters observed between demographically stable and diminished Allegheny woodrat metapopulations emphasize the risks posed to metapopulation function and associated genetic processes introduced with demographic decline. C1 [Smyser, Timothy J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Duchamp, Joseph E.; Larkin, Jeffery L.] Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Indiana, PA 15705 USA. [Johnson, Scott A.] Indiana Dept Nat Resources, Bloomington, IN 47401 USA. [Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Smyser, TJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM tjsmyser@purdue.edu FU Indiana Department of Natural Resources [T07R02]; Indiana University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Game Commission; Purdue University; Nature Conservancy FX We would like to thank C. Hudson, A. Holbrook, H. Walker, B. Geboy, Z. Bagley, J. Utz, and B. Haslick for field assistance in Indiana and M. Shank, J. Paul, L. Robison, T. Melvin, S. Fratzke, D. Schneider, L. Heffernan, and J. Hoffman for field assistance in Pennsylvania. T. and K. Metzgar, and Hassen Aggregates provide access to populations on private lands in Pennsylvania. C. Butchkoski of the Pennsylvania Game Commission provided essential advice on Allegheny woodrat sampling in Pennsylvania. We are grateful for financial and logistical support provided by Indiana Department of Natural Resources (State Wildlife Grant T07R02), Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Game Commission State Wildlife Grants Program, Purdue University, and The Nature Conservancy. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 13 IS 3 BP 849 EP 858 DI 10.1007/s10592-012-0334-1 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 934WG UT WOS:000303476900020 ER PT J AU Steinwart, I Scovel, C AF Steinwart, Ingo Scovel, Clint TI Mercer's Theorem on General Domains: On the Interaction between Measures, Kernels, and RKHSs SO CONSTRUCTIVE APPROXIMATION LA English DT Article DE Reproducing Kernel Hilbert spaces; Integral operators; Interpolation spaces; Eigenvalues; Statistical learning theory ID LEAST-SQUARES ALGORITHM; LEARNING-THEORY; ERROR AB Given a compact metric space X and a strictly positive Borel measure nu on X, Mercer's classical theorem states that the spectral decomposition of a positive self-adjoint integral operator T (k) :L (2)(nu)-> L (2)(nu) of a continuous k yields a series representation of k in terms of the eigenvalues and -functions of T (k) . An immediate consequence of this representation is that k is a (reproducing) kernel and that its reproducing kernel Hilbert space can also be described by these eigenvalues and -functions. It is well known that Mercer's theorem has found important applications in various branches of mathematics, including probability theory and statistics. In particular, for some applications in the latter areas, however, it would be highly convenient to have a form of Mercer's theorem for more general spaces X and kernels k. Unfortunately, all extensions of Mercer's theorem in this direction either stick too closely to the original topological structure of X and k, or replace the absolute and uniform convergence by weaker notions of convergence that are not strong enough for many statistical applications. In this work, we fill this gap by establishing several Mercer type series representations for k that, on the one hand, make only very mild assumptions on X and k, and, on the other hand, provide convergence results that are strong enough for interesting applications in, e.g., statistical learning theory. To illustrate the latter, we first use these series representations to describe ranges of fractional powers of T (k) in terms of interpolation spaces and investigate under which conditions these interpolation spaces are contained in L (a)(nu). For these two results, we then discuss applications related to the analysis of so-called least squares support vector machines, which are a state-of-the-art learning algorithm. Besides these results, we further use the obtained Mercer representations to show that every self-adjoint nuclear operator L (2)(nu)-> L (2)(nu) is an integral operator whose representing function k is the difference of two (reproducing) kernels. C1 [Steinwart, Ingo] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Stochast & Anwendungen, Fak Math & Phys, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Scovel, Clint] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci Grp CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Steinwart, I (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Inst Stochast & Anwendungen, Fak Math & Phys, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. EM ingo.steinwart@mathematik.uni-stuttgart.de; jcs@lanl.gov OI Steinwart, Ingo/0000-0002-4436-7109 NR 47 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0176-4276 EI 1432-0940 J9 CONSTR APPROX JI Constr. Approx. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 3 BP 363 EP 417 DI 10.1007/s00365-012-9153-3 PG 55 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 934VH UT WOS:000303474300005 ER PT J AU Gourbet, L Shuster, DL Balco, G Cassata, WS Renne, PR Rood, D AF Gourbet, Loraine Shuster, David L. Balco, Greg Cassata, William S. Renne, Paul R. Rood, Dylan TI Neon diffusion kinetics in olivine, pyroxene and feldspar: Retentivity of cosmogenic and nucleogenic neon SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID NEVADA VOLCANIC FIELD; VALLEY CALDERA COMPLEX; TIMBER MOUNTAIN; NOBLE-GASES; TERRESTRIAL ROCKS; HELIUM DIFFUSION; ARGON DIFFUSION; DRY VALLEYS; MINERALS; QUARTZ AB We performed stepwise degassing experiments by heating single crystals of neutron-or proton-irradiated olivine, pyroxene and feldspar to study diffusion kinetics of neon. This is important in evaluating the utility of these minerals for cosmogenic Ne-21 measurements and, potentially, for Ne thermochronometry. Degassing patterns are only partially explained by simple Arrhenius relationships; most samples do not exhibit a precisely-determined activation energy in an individual diffusion domain. Regardless, we find clear differences in diffusion kinetics among these minerals. Based on sub-selected data, our estimates for neon diffusion kinetics (activation energy E-a and pre-exponential factor D-o, assuming the analyzed fragments approximate the diffusion domain) in each mineral are as follows: for the feldspars, E-a ranges from similar to 65 to 115 kJ/mol and D-o from 3.9 x 10(-3) to 7.1 x 10(2) cm(2)s(-1); for the pyroxenes, E-a ranges from similar to 292 to 480 kJ/mol and D-o from 1.6 x 10(2) to 2.9 x 10(11) cm(2)s(-1); for the olivines, E-a ranges from similar to 360 to 370 kJ/mol and D-o from 1.5 x 10(6) to 5.0 x 10(6) cm(2)s(-1). Differences in these parameters are broadly consistent with the expected effect of structural differences between feldspar, and olivine and pyroxene. These results indicate that cosmogenic Ne-21 will be quantitatively retained within olivine and pyroxene at Earth surface temperatures over geological timescales. The diffusion kinetics for feldspars, on the other hand, predicts that Ne-21 retention at Earth surface temperatures will vary significantly with domain size, crystal microtexture, surface temperature, and exposure duration. Quantitative retention is expected only in favorable conditions. This conclusion is reinforced by additional measurements of cosmogenic Ne-21 in coexisting quartz and feldspar from naturally irradiated surface samples; sanidine from a variety of rhyolitic ignimbrites exhibits quantitative retention, whereas alkali-feldspar from several granites does not. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shuster, David L.; Cassata, William S.; Renne, Paul R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gourbet, Loraine] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Dept Earth Sci, Lyon, France. [Gourbet, Loraine; Shuster, David L.; Balco, Greg; Cassata, William S.; Renne, Paul R.] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA. [Rood, Dylan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Shuster, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dshuster@berkeley.edu RI Shuster, David/A-4838-2011 FU NSF [EAR-0738474]; Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation FX The authors thank D. Cherniak, C. Gautheron, an anonymous reviewer, and P. Reiners for constructive comments. The authors acknowledge financial support from NSF Grant EAR-0738474 (to D. L. S.), the Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation. D. L. S. thanks M. Manga and L. Karlstrom for fruitful discussions which inspired some of these experiments. Mineral samples were provided by K. Righter and K. Farley, and samples of granite from Antarctica were provided by J. Stone. NR 65 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 86 BP 21 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.002 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 937RZ UT WOS:000303677400002 ER PT J AU Nielsen, LC DePaolo, DJ De Yoreo, JJ AF Nielsen, Laura C. DePaolo, Donald J. De Yoreo, James J. TI Self-consistent ion-by-ion growth model for kinetic isotopic fractionation during calcite precipitation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CULTURED PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; CA-44/CA-40 FRACTIONATION; SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; CA ISOTOPES; CARBONATE; BIOMINERALIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM; DISSOLUTION; SEAWATER AB Microscopic mechanisms operating at the mineral-aqueous interface control rates of growth and dissolution, isotope fractionation and trace element partitioning during crystal growth. Despite the importance of characterizing surface kinetic controls on isotopic partitioning, no self-consistent microscopic theory has yet been presented which can simultaneously model both mineral growth rate and isotopic composition. Using a kinetic theory for AB or di-ionic crystal growth, we derive a model to predict precipitation rate and isotope fractionation as a function of growth solution oversaturation and solution stoichiometry and apply the theory to calcium isotope fractionation during calcite precipitation. Our model assimilates the current understanding of surface controlled isotope fractionation with kinetic theories of ion-by-ion mineral growth to predict isotopic partitioning during the growth of ionic crystals. This approach accounts for the effect of solution composition on microscopic mineral surface structure and composition, providing numerous testable hypotheses for growth of sparingly soluble AB crystals such as calcite, namely: (1) Both oversaturation and solution stoichiometry control growth rate and partitioning of isotopes during precipitation; (2) for growth driven primarily by step propagation, distinct expressions describe dislocation-and 2D nucleation-driven growth rates, while the expression for isotope fractionation is the same for both mechanisms; (3) mineral precipitation occurring via the formation of an amorphous precursor will generate isotope effects that are not compatible with ion-by-ion growth theory and may therefore be excluded from comparison; and, (4) the absolute kinetic limit of isotope fractionation may not be accessible at high oversaturation due to the formation of amorphous precursors. Using calcite as a model system, we derive expressions for growth rate and isotopic fractionation as a function of oversaturation and Ca2+ : CO32- in solution. Increasing oversaturation increases mineral growth rate and drives isotope partitioning towards the kinetic limit, while increasing the concentration of Ca2+ relative to CO32- at a given oversaturation tends to drive crystal growth towards isotopic equilibrium. These competing effects attenuate the magnitude of isotope fractionations observable in terrestrial environments. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nielsen, Laura C.; DePaolo, Donald J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [De Yoreo, James J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nielsen, LC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Isotope Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lnielsen@berkeley.edu FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 64 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 97 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 86 BP 166 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.02.009 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 937RZ UT WOS:000303677400011 ER PT J AU Hunt, JD Manning, CE AF Hunt, Jonathan D. Manning, Craig E. TI A thermodynamic model for the system SiO2-H2O near the upper critical end point based on quartz solubility experiments at 500-1100 degrees C and 5-20 kbar SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SATURATED AQUEOUS FLUID; SUBDUCTION-ZONE FLUIDS; HYDROUS SILICATE MELTS; UPPER-MANTLE; HIGH-PRESSURE; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; PHASE-RELATIONS; COMPLETE MISCIBILITY; MINERAL SOLUBILITY; H2O-NACL SOLUTIONS AB A thermodynamic model of SiO2-H2O mixing in sub- and supercritical fluids has been developed based on new and existing experimental data on the solubility of quartz in H2O. To supplement previously published data, we conducted new solubility experiments at 15 and 20 kbar and 900-1100 degrees C using hydrothermal piston-cylinder methods. At concentrations below similar to 10 mol% SiO2, solubility was measured by single-crystal weight loss. At higher concentrations, solubility was determined by bracketing the presence and absence of quartz in quenched charges using multiple isothermal and isobaric runs with varying SiO2-H2O ratios. These data were combined with previously published results to construct a thermodynamic model of SiO2-H2O mixing. Following studies of silicate melts, the model takes oxygen in the fluid to be in three forms: free, molecular H2O, Si-bridging oxygens (O-br(2-)), and the terminal hydroxyls (OHtm-) of silanol groups. The equilibrium exchange of oxygen between these forms can be written 1/2H(2)O + 1/2O(br)(2-) = OHtm-. The standard Gibbs free energy change of this reaction (Delta G degrees) was incorporated into a subregular solution model for mixing of SiO2 liquid and H2O fluid. The P-T dependences of Delta G degrees and interchange energies were derived by an error minimization algorithm, producing thirteen independent fit parameters. The model is applicable from 5 to 20 kbar and 500 degrees C to the dry melting curve of quartz. It reproduces experimentally derived quartz solubility data to 3.8% on average (1 sigma = 5.3%). The model also predicts hydrous melting of quartz, critical melt-vapor mixing, activity-concentration relations, partial molar volume and entropy of aqueous silica, water speciation, and the thermal expansivity, isothermal compressibility, and isobaric heat capacity of a fluid in equilibrium with quartz. The model predicts a critical end point in the SiO2-H2O system at 1067 degrees C and 9.33 kbar, in very good agreement with the accepted location at similar to 1080 degrees C and 9.5-10 kbar. The model is also in good agreement with previous estimates of the extent of silica polymerization. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that there is an explicit link between polymerization chemistry and critical mixing of silicate-H2O solutions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hunt, Jonathan D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hunt, Jonathan D.; Manning, Craig E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Hunt, JD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM hunt50@llnl.gov RI Manning, Craig/A-1118-2009 OI Manning, Craig/0000-0002-1463-3701 FU NSF [EAR 1049901]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors are indebted to Bob Newton for many insightful and stimulating discussions of thermodynamics. We also thank B. Mysen, H. Keppler, S. Jahn, and K. Mibe for helpful reviews of the manuscript. Supported by NSF EAR 1049901. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 57 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 86 BP 196 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.006 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 937RZ UT WOS:000303677400013 ER PT J AU Finneran, E Crosson, P O'Kiely, P Shalloo, L Forristal, PD Wallace, M AF Finneran, E. Crosson, P. O'Kiely, P. Shalloo, L. Forristal, P. D. Wallace, M. TI Economic modelling of an integrated grazed and conserved perennial ryegrass forage production system SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grazing; conservation; grassland; suckler cow; feed cost; simulation model ID FERTILIZER NITROGEN; HERBAGE PRODUCTION; MILK-PRODUCTION; DAIRY FARMS; MANAGEMENT; GRASSLAND; DATE; GROWTH; PERFORMANCE; SIMULATION AB The Grange Feed Costing Model was modified to simulate the economic implications of grassland management strategies for a grass-based suckler beef calf-to-weanling system at the whole-farm level. The modified model enabled costing of annual grass consumed as grazed grass and silage when the farm grazing and conservation areas are integrated. Grass growth data from sites in the south, east and north of Ireland were used. Sixty-three scenarios were simulated, enabling analysis of site, stocking rate and silage strategy effects on total annual feed cost for the grass forage production system. Total annual feed cost (of grazed grass and grass silage) ranged from 96 pound to 111 pound per 1000 UFL (Unite Fourragere Lait) and 411 pound to 456 pound per beef cow unit (CU). The silage strategy with respect to the number of harvests and whether the silage area was grazed in the spring had negligible impact on annual total feed cost per CU. However, a tendency towards reduced annual feed cost under a two harvest, relative to a one harvest, silage strategy was observed. The lowest cost stocking rate was 2 CU ha-1. Site-specific differences such as seasonal growth distribution and nitrogen fertilizer response rate had the greatest influence on the annual cost of the grass-based feeding system. C1 [Finneran, E.; Crosson, P.; O'Kiely, P.] TEAGASC, Anim & Grassland Res & Innovat Ctr, Grange, Ireland. [Finneran, E.; Wallace, M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Agr Food Sci & Vet Med, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Shalloo, L.] TEAGASC, Anim & Grassland Res & Innovat Ctr, Moorepark, Ireland. [Forristal, P. D.] TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Oakpark, Ireland. RP Crosson, P (reprint author), TEAGASC, Anim & Grassland Res & Innovat Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland. EM paul.crosson@teagasc.ie FU Walsh Fellowship FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of Walsh Fellowship funding to E. Finneran. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0142-5242 J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI JI Grass Forage Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 67 IS 2 BP 162 EP 176 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00832.x PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 934HT UT WOS:000303435700002 ER PT J AU Yoschenko, V Jannik, T Farfan, EB AF Yoschenko, Vasyl Jannik, Timothy Farfan, Eduardo B. TI THE RADIOBIOGICAL EFFECTS ON SCOTS PINE TREES (PINUS SYLVESTRIS) IN THE CHERNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE RESPONSE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter C1 [Yoschenko, Vasyl; Jannik, Timothy; Farfan, Eduardo B.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Yoschenko, V (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 102 IS 6 BP 705 EP 705 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31824b69a6 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 937OD UT WOS:000303666900015 ER PT J AU Sjogreen, B AF Sjoegreen, Bjoern TI High Order Finite Difference and Finite Volume Methods for Advection on the Sphere SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Finite difference method; Finite volume method; Climate modeling; Summation by parts; Partial differential equations on the sphere ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; APPROXIMATIONS; SUMMATION; SCHEMES; MESHES; PARTS; GRIDS AB Numerical schemes used for computational climate modeling and weather prediction are often of second order accuracy. It is well-known that methods of formal order higher than two offer a significant potential gain in computational efficiency. We here present two classes of high order methods for discretization on the surface of a sphere, first finite difference schemes satisfying the summation-by-parts property on the cube sphere grid, secondly finite volume discretizations on unstructured grids with polygonal cells. Furthermore, we also implement the seventh order accurate weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO7) scheme for the cube sphere grid. For the finite difference approximation, we prove a stability estimate, derived from projection boundary conditions. For the finite volume method, we develop the implementational details by working in a local coordinate system at each cell. We apply the schemes to compute advection on a sphere, which is a well established test problem. We compare the performance of the methods with respect to accuracy, computational efficiency, and ability to capture discontinuities. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sjogreen, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sjogreen2@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 51 IS 3 BP 703 EP 732 DI 10.1007/s10915-011-9527-x PG 30 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 934UY UT WOS:000303473400009 ER PT J AU Shingledecker, JP Pharr, GM AF Shingledecker, J. P. Pharr, G. M. TI The Role of Eta Phase Formation on the Creep Strength and Ductility of INCONEL Alloy 740 at 1023 K (750 A degrees C) SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BASE SUPERALLOY; RUPTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; STABILITY; STEELS AB INCONEL alloy 740 is an age-hardenable nickel-based superalloy proposed for advanced ultrasupercritical steam boiler applications operating at high stress and long times above 973 K (700 A degrees C), where creep will be the dominate deformation mode. During high-temperature exposure, the alloy can form eta phase platelets that many have suggested may be detrimental to creep strength and ductility. In this study, creep-rupture tests were conducted on smooth and notched bars of INCONEL alloy 740 at 1023 K (750 A degrees C) for times up to 20,000 hours. Examination of the creep-rupture life, creep ductility, failure modes, and microstructure by quantitative electron microscopy shows that a small amount of eta phase does not diminish the creep performance. Applied stress appears to have a minor effect on the precipitation of the eta phase but not its growth rate. Based on the observation that the microstructure after 20,000 hours of creep exposure has reached equilibrium in comparison to thermodynamic calculations, it is concluded that 20,000 hour creep tests are adequate for prediction of long-term creep performance. C1 [Shingledecker, J. P.; Pharr, G. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Shingledecker, J. P.; Pharr, G. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Shingledecker, JP (reprint author), Elect Power Res Inst, Charlotte, NC 28262 USA. EM jshingledecker@epri.com FU United States Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy; DOE/OCDO USC Steam Boiler Consortium; ORNL SHaRE User Center, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge, TN) was supported by the United States Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, Advanced Research Materials Program, the DOE/OCDO USC Steam Boiler Consortium, and the ORNL SHaRE User Center, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. Special thanks to B. Sparks and T. Geer (ORNL), for their assistance with the experimental work, and M. Santella (ORNL and current principle investigator on this project) for helpful discussions. The support of consortium sponsors and the technical direction of R. Romanosky, P. Rawls, R. Viswanathan, M. Marrocco, and B. Purgert is appreciated. One of the authors (GMP) gratefully acknowledges the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for fellowship support during the period in which the manuscript was prepared. NR 26 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 43A IS 6 BP 1902 EP 1910 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-1013-4 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 934PQ UT WOS:000303457000018 ER PT J AU Olson, A Aerts, A Asiegbu, F Belbahri, L Bouzid, O Broberg, A Canback, B Coutinho, PM Cullen, D Dalman, K Deflorio, G van Diepen, LTA Dunand, C Duplessis, S Durling, M Gonthier, P Grimwood, J Fossdal, CG Hansson, D Henrissat, B Hietala, A Himmelstrand, K Hoffmeister, D Hogberg, N James, TY Karlsson, M Kohler, A Kues, U Lee, YH Lin, YC Lind, M Lindquist, E Lombard, V Lucas, S Lunden, K Morin, E Murat, C Park, J Raffaello, T Rouze, P Salamov, A Schmutz, J Solheim, H Stahlberg, J Velez, H de Vries, RP Wiebenga, A Woodward, S Yakovlev, I Garbelotto, M Martin, F Grigoriev, IV Stenlid, J AF Olson, Ake Aerts, Andrea Asiegbu, Fred Belbahri, Lassaad Bouzid, Ourdia Broberg, Anders Canback, Bjorn Coutinho, Pedro M. Cullen, Dan Dalman, Kerstin Deflorio, Giuliana van Diepen, Linda T. A. Dunand, Christophe Duplessis, Sebastien Durling, Mikael Gonthier, Paolo Grimwood, Jane Fossdal, Carl Gunnar Hansson, David Henrissat, Bernard Hietala, Ari Himmelstrand, Kajsa Hoffmeister, Dirk Hogberg, Nils James, Timothy Y. Karlsson, Magnus Kohler, Annegret Kuees, Ursula Lee, Yong-Hwan Lin, Yao-Cheng Lind, Marten Lindquist, Erika Lombard, Vincent Lucas, Susan Lunden, Karl Morin, Emmanuelle Murat, Claude Park, Jongsun Raffaello, Tommaso Rouze, Pierre Salamov, Asaf Schmutz, Jeremy Solheim, Halvor Stahlberg, Jerry Velez, Heriberto de Vries, Ronald P. Wiebenga, Ad Woodward, Steve Yakovlev, Igor Garbelotto, Matteo Martin, Francis Grigoriev, Igor V. Stenlid, Jan TI Insight into trade-off between wood decay and parasitism from the genome of a fungal forest pathogen SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE genome; Heterobasidion; parasitism; pathology; saprotrophy; trade-off; wood decay ID HETEROBASIDION-ANNOSUM-S.L; SOMATIC INCOMPATIBILITY; GENETIC-LINKAGE; SENSU-LATO; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN; TOOL; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION; SIGNATURE AB Parasitism and saprotrophic wood decay are two fungal strategies fundamental for succession and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. An opportunity to assess the trade-off between these strategies is provided by the forest pathogen and wood decayer Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato. We report the annotated genome sequence and transcript profiling, as well as the quantitative trait loci mapping, of one member of the species complex: H similar to irregulare. Quantitative trait loci critical for pathogenicity, and rich in transposable elements, orphan and secreted genes, were identified. A wide range of cellulose-degrading enzymes are expressed during wood decay. By contrast, pathogenic interaction between H similar to irregulare and pine engages fewer carbohydrate-active enzymes, but involves an increase in pectinolytic enzymes, transcription modules for oxidative stress and secondary metabolite production. Our results show a trade-off in terms of constrained carbohydrate decomposition and membrane transport capacity during interaction with living hosts. Our findings establish that saprotrophic wood decay and necrotrophic parasitism involve two distinct, yet overlapping, processes. C1 [Olson, Ake; Canback, Bjorn; Dalman, Kerstin; Durling, Mikael; Himmelstrand, Kajsa; Hogberg, Nils; Karlsson, Magnus; Lind, Marten; Lunden, Karl; Velez, Heriberto; Grigoriev, Igor V.; Stenlid, Jan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Pathol, S-75005 Uppsala, Sweden. [Aerts, Andrea; Lindquist, Erika; Lucas, Susan; Salamov, Asaf] US DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Asiegbu, Fred; Raffaello, Tommaso] 00014 Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Ecol, Helsinki, Finland. [Belbahri, Lassaad] Univ Neuchatel, Lab Soil Biol, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Bouzid, Ourdia; de Vries, Ronald P.] Univ Utrecht, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Broberg, Anders; Hansson, David] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Chem, S-75005 Uppsala, Sweden. [Coutinho, Pedro M.; Henrissat, Bernard; Lombard, Vincent] AFMB UMR 6098 CNRS UI UII, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. [Cullen, Dan] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Deflorio, Giuliana; Woodward, Steve] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [van Diepen, Linda T. A.; James, Timothy Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dunand, Christophe] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Cell Surfaces & Plant Signalisat 24, CNRS UMR5546, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Duplessis, Sebastien; Kohler, Annegret; Morin, Emmanuelle; Murat, Claude; Martin, Francis] INRA Nancy, IFR Genom Ecophysiol & Ecol Fonct 110, UMR INRA UHP Interact Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Gonthier, Paolo] Univ Turin, Dept Exploitat & Protect Agr & Forest Resources D, I-10095 Grugliasco, Italy. [Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Hietala, Ari; Solheim, Halvor; Yakovlev, Igor] Norwegian Forest & Landscape Inst, NO-1432 As, Norway. [Hoffmeister, Dirk] Univ Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Kuees, Ursula] Univ Gottingen, Sect Mol Wood Biotechnol & Tech Mycol, Busgen Inst, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Lee, Yong-Hwan; Park, Jongsun] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Lin, Yao-Cheng; Rouze, Pierre] Univ Ghent VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Stahlberg, Jerry] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Mol Biol, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. [de Vries, Ronald P.; Wiebenga, Ad] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Garbelotto, Matteo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Olson, A (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Pathol, Box 7026,Ullsvag 26, S-75005 Uppsala, Sweden. EM ake.olson@slu.se RI Brandstrom Durling, Mikael/C-1213-2008; LIN, Yao-Cheng/B-4394-2008; dunand, christophe/I-6424-2012; Henrissat, Bernard/J-2475-2012; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar/C-5536-2008; Solheim, Halvor/N-9691-2013; de Vries, Ronald/F-8125-2011; Stahlberg, Jerry/D-4163-2013; Karlsson, Magnus/P-6556-2014; Section, Forest Health/B-1469-2015 OI Raffaello, Tommaso/0000-0002-4074-0682; Park, Jongsun/0000-0003-0786-4701; Kues, Ursula/0000-0001-9180-4079; Lind, Marten/0000-0002-3817-2823; Brandstrom Durling, Mikael/0000-0001-6485-197X; Yakovlev, Igor/0000-0002-2731-7433; LIN, Yao-Cheng/0000-0002-9390-795X; dunand, christophe/0000-0003-1637-4042; Solheim, Halvor/0000-0002-6808-1615; de Vries, Ronald/0000-0002-4363-1123; Stahlberg, Jerry/0000-0003-4059-8580; Karlsson, Magnus/0000-0001-6098-138X; FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; Region Lorraine; FABELOR FX The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Financial support from the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research is gratefully acknowledged. Bioinformatic analyses carried out at INRA-Nancy were supported by Region Lorraine and FABELOR grants to F.M. The assembly and annotations of the H. irregulare genome are available from the JGI Genome Portal at http://www.jgi.doe.gov/Heterobasidion and have been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession number AEOJ00000000. The complete expression dataset is available as a series (accession number GSE30230) at the Gene Expression Omnibus at NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). NR 48 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 6 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 194 IS 4 BP 1001 EP 1013 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04128.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 934HR UT WOS:000303435400014 PM 22463738 ER PT J AU Yasin, S Rose, E Dumm, M Drichko, N Dressel, M Schlueter, JA Zhilyaeva, EI Torunova, S Lyubovskaya, RN AF Yasin, S. Rose, E. Dumm, M. Drichko, N. Dressel, M. Schlueter, J. A. Zhilyaeva, E. I. Torunova, S. Lyubovskaya, R. N. TI Electronic and magnetic studies of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Hg(SCN)(2)Cl SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS) CY AUG 15-27, 2011 CL CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques, Cargese, FRANCE HO CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques DE Electron spin resonance; Insulator-metal transitions; Magnetic phase transitions; Antiferromagnetic resonance ID ORGANIC CONDUCTORS; ESR; BR AB DC resistivity and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements have been performed on the two-dimensional organic conductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Hg(SCN)(2)Cl. Due to electronic correlations, the compound undergoes a transition from a metallic to an insulating state at T-MI = 34 K. The ESR parameters exhibit a drastic change below T-afm = 27 K that evidences a magnetic phase transition. In this low-temperature state, we observe the characteristics of antiferromagnetic resonances in the angular dependence of the g-value. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yasin, S.; Rose, E.; Dumm, M.; Drichko, N.; Dressel, M.] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys 1, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. [Yasin, S.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Hochfeld Magnetlab Dresden HLD, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [Schlueter, J. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zhilyaeva, E. I.; Torunova, S.; Lyubovskaya, R. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Problems Chem Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, MD, Russia. RP Dressel, M (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys 1, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. EM dressel@pi1.physik.uni-stuttgart.de RI Dumm, Michael/N-4362-2016; Dressel, Martin/D-3244-2012 OI Dumm, Michael/0000-0002-3502-8615; NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 407 IS 11 BP 1689 EP 1691 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.007 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934BM UT WOS:000303415000004 ER PT J AU Tranquada, JM AF Tranquada, John M. TI Stripes and superconductivity in cuprates SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS) CY AUG 15-27, 2011 CL CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques, Cargese, FRANCE HO CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques DE High-temperature superconductors; Copper oxides; Stripes ID T-C SUPERCONDUCTOR; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUCTUATING STRIPES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ORDER; PSEUDOGAP; LA2-XBAXCUO4; LA1.6-XND0.4SRXCUO4; EXCITATIONS AB Holes doped into the CuO2 planes of cuprate parent compounds frustrate the antiferromagnetic order. The development of spin and charge stripes provides a compromise between the competing magnetic and kinetic energies. Static stripe order has been observed only in certain particular compounds, but there are signatures which suggest that dynamic stripe correlations are common in the cuprates. Though stripe order is bad for superconducting phase coherence, stripes are compatible with strong pairing. Ironically, magnetic-field-induced stripe order appears to enhance the stability of superconducting order within the planes. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Tranquada, JM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM jtran@bnl.gov RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857 NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 407 IS 11 BP 1771 EP 1774 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.026 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934BM UT WOS:000303415000023 ER PT J AU van Wezel, J AF van Wezel, Jasper TI Prerequisites for chiral charge order SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS) CY AUG 15-27, 2011 CL CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques, Cargese, FRANCE HO CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques DE Chirality; Charge order; Orbital order ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; LATTICE INSTABILITY; DENSITY WAVES; TISE2; 1T-TISE2; STATE AB The chiral charge density wave state which was recently discovered in TiSe2 can be understood as a combination of orbital and charge order. Here, we discuss the prerequisite material properties for this type of chiral charge order to emerge. We find that although both the lattice and orbital structure constrain the set of candidate materials, there remains a class of materials in which chiral charge order is expected to emerge. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP van Wezel, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jvanwezel@anl.gov RI van Wezel, Jasper/B-6779-2008 OI van Wezel, Jasper/0000-0002-9378-008X NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 407 IS 11 BP 1779 EP 1782 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.028 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934BM UT WOS:000303415000025 ER PT J AU Fujita, K Mesaros, A Lawler, MJ Sachdev, S Zaanen, J Eisaki, H Uchida, S Kim, EA Davis, JC AF Fujita, K. Mesaros, A. Lawler, M. J. Sachdev, S. Zaanen, J. Eisaki, H. Uchida, S. Kim, E. -A. Davis, J. C. TI Spectroscopic imaging STM studies of broken electronic symmetries in underdoped cuprates SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS) CY AUG 15-27, 2011 CL CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques, Cargese, FRANCE HO CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques ID SUPERCONDUCTING BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; NEMATICITY; STATES AB We use spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (SI-STM) to visualize the spatial symmetries of the electronic states that occur at the pseudogap energy scale in underdoped cuprates. We find evidence for the local intra-unit-cell electronic nematicity-by which we mean the disordered breaking of C-4v symmetry within each CuO2 unit cell [1] We also find that the coexisting incommensurate (smectic) electronic modulations couple to the intra-unit-cell nematicity through their 2 pi topological defects [2]. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fujita, K.; Lawler, M. J.; Kim, E. -A.; Davis, J. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, LASSP, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fujita, K.; Davis, J. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, CMPMS Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Fujita, K.; Uchida, S.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Mesaros, A.; Zaanen, J.] Leiden Univ, Inst Lorentz Theoret Phys, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Lawler, M. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Sachdev, S.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Eisaki, H.] Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. [Davis, J. C.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. RP Fujita, K (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, LASSP, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM fujita@ccmr.cornell.edu RI Lawler, Michael/K-6770-2012; Mesaros, Andrej/L-6463-2013; Sachdev, Subir/A-8781-2013 OI Lawler, Michael/0000-0002-2319-2274; Mesaros, Andrej/0000-0002-5971-832X; Sachdev, Subir/0000-0002-2432-7070 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 407 IS 11 BP 1859 EP 1863 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.049 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934BM UT WOS:000303415000046 ER PT J AU Matveev, KA Andreev, AV Pustilnik, M AF Matveev, K. A. Andreev, A. V. Pustilnik, M. TI Rate of equilibration of a one-dimensional Wigner crystal SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS) CY AUG 15-27, 2011 CL CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques, Cargese, FRANCE HO CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques DE Equilibration; One-dimensional systems; Wigner crystal AB We consider a system of one-dimensional spinless particles interacting via long-range repulsion. In the limit of strong interactions the system is a Wigner crystal, with excitations analogous to phonons in solids. In a harmonic crystal the phonons do not interact, and the system never reaches thermal equilibrium. We account for the anharmonism of the Wigner crystal and find the rate at which it approaches equilibrium. The full equilibration of the system requires umklapp scattering of phonons, resulting in exponential suppression of the equilibration rate at low temperatures. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Matveev, K. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Andreev, A. V.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pustilnik, M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Matveev, KA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM matveev@mailaps.org NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 EI 1873-2135 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 407 IS 11 BP 1898 EP 1900 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.058 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934BM UT WOS:000303415000055 ER PT J AU Shi, XY Popovic, D Panagopoulos, C Logvenov, G Bollinger, AT Bozovic, I AF Shi, Xiaoyan Popovic, Dragana Panagopoulos, C. Logvenov, G. Bollinger, A. T. Bozovic, I. TI History dependent magnetoresistance in lightly doped La2-XSrXCuO4 thin films SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Electronic Crystals (ECRYS) CY AUG 15-27, 2011 CL CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques, Cargese, FRANCE HO CNRS, Inst Etudes Scientifiques DE Cuprates; Thin films; Magnetotransport; Charge dynamics ID SPIN-GLASS; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC ORDER; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; TRANSITION; PHASE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; LA2-XSR(X)CUO4; TRANSPORT; LA2CUO4; OXIDES AB The in-plane magnetoresistance (MR) in atomically smooth La2-xSrxCuO4 thin films grown by molecular-beam-epitaxy was measured in magnetic fields B up to 9 T over a wide range of temperatures T. The films, with x=0.03 and x=0.05, are insulating, and the positive MR emerges at T < 4 K. The positive MR exhibits glassy features, inclding history dependence and memory, for all orientations of B. The results show that this behavior, which reflects the onset of glassiness in the dynamics of doped holes, is a robust feature of the insulating state. (C) Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shi, Xiaoyan; Popovic, Dragana] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Shi, Xiaoyan; Popovic, Dragana] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Panagopoulos, C.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Greece. [Panagopoulos, C.] FORTH, GR-71003 Iraklion, Greece. [Panagopoulos, C.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Phys & Appl Phys, Singapore, Singapore. [Logvenov, G.; Bollinger, A. T.; Bozovic, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Popovic, D (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM dragana@magnet.fsu.edu RI PANAGOPOULOS, CHRISTOS/G-8754-2011; Shi, Xiaoyan/L-4893-2015 OI Shi, Xiaoyan/0000-0002-9974-4637 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 407 IS 11 BP 1915 EP 1918 DI 10.1016/j.physb.2012.01.063 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 934BM UT WOS:000303415000060 ER PT J AU Ko, JH Kim, HT Hwang, I Han, KH AF Ko, Jae-Heung Kim, Hyun-Tae Hwang, Ildoo Han, Kyung-Hwan TI Tissue-type-specific transcriptome analysis identifies developing xylem-specific promoters in poplar SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE promoter; regulatory sequence; developing xylem; wood; biomass; genetic engineering; poplar ID SECONDARY GROWTH; MODIFIED LIGNIN; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; SUCROSE SYNTHASE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; HYBRID ASPEN; POPULUS; GENE AB Plant biotechnology offers a means to create novel phenotypes. However, commercial application of biotechnology in crop improvement programmes is severely hindered by the lack of utility promoters (or freedom to operate the existing ones) that can drive gene expression in a tissue-specific or temporally controlled manner. Woody biomass is gaining popularity as a source of fermentable sugars for liquid fuel production. To improve the quantity and quality of woody biomass, developing xylem (DX)-specific modification of the feedstock is highly desirable. To develop utility promoters that can drive transgene expression in a DX-specific manner, we used the Affymetrix Poplar Genome Arrays to obtain tissue-type-specific transcriptomes from poplar stems. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis identified 37 transcripts that are specifically or strongly expressed in DX cells of poplar. After further confirmation of their DX-specific expression using semi-quantitative PCR, we selected four genes (DX5, DX8, DX11 and DX15) for in vivo confirmation of their tissue-specific expression in transgenic poplars. The promoter regions of the selected DX genes were isolated and fused to a beta-glucuronidase (GUS)-reported gene in a binary vector. This construct was used to produce transgenic poplars via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The GUS expression patterns of the resulting transgenic plants showed that these promoters were active in the xylem cells at early seedling growth and had strongest expression in the developing xylem cells at later growth stages of poplar. We conclude that these DX promoters can be used as a utility promoter for DX-specific biomass engineering. C1 [Ko, Jae-Heung] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Plant & Environm New Resources, Yongin, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Ko, Jae-Heung] Kyung Hee Univ, Coll Life Sci, Bioenergy Ctr, Yongin, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Kim, Hyun-Tae; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kim, Hyun-Tae; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kim, Hyun-Tae; Han, Kyung-Hwan] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hwang, Ildoo] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Life Sci, Pohang, South Korea. [Han, Kyung-Hwan] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Bioenergy Sci & Technol, Kwangju, South Korea. RP Ko, JH (reprint author), Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Plant & Environm New Resources, Yongin, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM hanky@msu.edu RI Han, Kyung-Hwan/G-6141-2012; Ko, Jae-Heung/A-3370-2013 OI Han, Kyung-Hwan/0000-0001-9481-4643; FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DR-FC02-07ER64494]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea at Chonnam National University [R31-2009-000-20025-0]; Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC) of Korea [ABC-2010-0029720]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [2011-0008840] FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DR-FC02-07ER64494), in part by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea via the World Class University Project at Chonnam National University (R31-2009-000-20025-0), and by the Advanced Biomass R&D Center (ABC) of Korea Grant (ABC-2010-0029720) and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (2011-0008840). NR 41 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 5 BP 587 EP 596 DI 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00690.x PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 934IE UT WOS:000303436900009 PM 22405574 ER PT J AU Eudes, A George, A Mukerjee, P Kim, JS Pollet, B Benke, PI Yang, F Mitra, P Sun, L Cetinkol, OP Chabout, S Mouille, G Soubigou-Taconnat, L Balzergue, S Singh, S Holmes, BM Mukhopadhyay, A Keasling, JD Simmons, BA Lapierre, C Ralph, J Loque, D AF Eudes, Aymerick George, Anthe Mukerjee, Purba Kim, Jin S. Pollet, Brigitte Benke, Peter I. Yang, Fan Mitra, Prajakta Sun, Lan Cetinkol, Ozgul P. Chabout, Salem Mouille, Gregory Soubigou-Taconnat, Ludivine Balzergue, Sandrine Singh, Seema Holmes, Bradley M. Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila Keasling, Jay D. Simmons, Blake A. Lapierre, Catherine Ralph, John Loque, Dominique TI Biosynthesis and incorporation of side-chain-truncated lignin monomers to reduce lignin polymerization and enhance saccharification SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cell wall; lignin; hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA hydratase-lyase; saccharification; polymerization degree; bioenergy ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA ROOTS; FERMENTABLE SUGAR YIELDS; CELL-WALL; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; 4-HYDROXYCINNAMOYL-COA HYDRATASE/LYASE; PHENYLPROPANOID PATHWAY; TRANSGENIC POPLARS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; DEFICIENT PLANTS; DOWN-REGULATION AB Lignocellulosic biomass is utilized as a renewable feedstock in various agro-industrial activities. Lignin is an aromatic, hydrophobic and mildly branched polymer integrally associated with polysaccharides within the biomass, which negatively affects their extraction and hydrolysis during industrial processing. Engineering the monomer composition of lignins offers an attractive option towards new lignins with reduced recalcitrance. The presented work describes a new strategy developed in Arabidopsis for the overproduction of rare lignin monomers to reduce lignin polymerization degree (DP). Biosynthesis of these DP reducers is achieved by expressing a bacterial hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA hydratase-lyase (HCHL) in lignifying tissues of Arabidopsis inflorescence stems. HCHL cleaves the propanoid side-chain of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA lignin precursors to produce the corresponding hydroxybenzaldehydes so that plant stems expressing HCHL accumulate in their cell wall higher amounts of hydroxybenzaldehyde and hydroxybenzoate derivatives. Engineered plants with intermediate HCHL activity levels show no reduction in total lignin, sugar content or biomass yield compared with wild-type plants. However, cell wall characterization of extract-free stems by thioacidolysis and by 2D-NMR revealed an increased amount of unusual C6C1 lignin monomers most likely linked with lignin as end-groups. Moreover the analysis of lignin isolated from these plants using size-exclusion chromatography revealed a reduced molecular weight. Furthermore, these engineered lines show saccharification improvement of pretreated stem cell walls. Therefore, we conclude that enhancing the biosynthesis and incorporation of C6C1 monomers (DP reducers) into lignin polymers represents a promising strategy to reduce lignin DP and to decrease cell wall recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis. C1 [Eudes, Aymerick; George, Anthe; Kim, Jin S.; Benke, Peter I.; Yang, Fan; Mitra, Prajakta; Sun, Lan; Cetinkol, Ozgul P.; Singh, Seema; Holmes, Bradley M.; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Keasling, Jay D.; Simmons, Blake A.; Loque, Dominique] EmeryStn E, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Eudes, Aymerick; Kim, Jin S.; Benke, Peter I.; Yang, Fan; Mitra, Prajakta; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Keasling, Jay D.; Loque, Dominique] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [George, Anthe; Sun, Lan; Cetinkol, Ozgul P.; Singh, Seema; Holmes, Bradley M.; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Mukerjee, Purba; Ralph, John] Univ Madison, Dept Biochem, Wisconsin Bioenergy Initiat, Madison, WI USA. [Mukerjee, Purba; Ralph, John] Univ Madison, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Pollet, Brigitte; Chabout, Salem; Mouille, Gregory; Lapierre, Catherine] INRA AgroParis Tech, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, Versailles, France. [Soubigou-Taconnat, Ludivine; Balzergue, Sandrine] UEVE, UMR INRA CNRS 1165 8114, Evry, France. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Loque, D (reprint author), EmeryStn E, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. EM dloque@lbl.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Sun, Lan/C-7321-2012; Yang, Fan/I-4438-2015; Loque, Dominique/A-8153-2008; OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; PERSIL CETINKOL, OZGUL/0000-0002-6632-6981; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX The authors are grateful to Carsten Rautengarten for providing feruloyl-CoA, to Laurent Cezard and Frederic Legee for thioacidolysis and Klason analysis, to Kazufumi Yazaki for providing 4-hydroxybenzoate glucose conjugates, to Andreia M. Smith for statistical analysis of the data, to Jorge Rencoret Pazo, Hoon Kim and Yuki Tobimatsu for help with the NMR analysis, and to Novozymes for providing cellulase and glucosidase. This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. PM and JR were funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 63 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 69 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 5 BP 609 EP 620 DI 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00692.x PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 934IE UT WOS:000303436900011 PM 22458713 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Misra, A AF Zhang, X. Misra, A. TI Superior thermal stability of coherent twin boundaries in nanotwinned metals SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Twinning; Hardness; Thermally activated processes; Grain boundary ID STEEL THIN-FILMS; NANOSCALE GROWTH TWINS; CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; GAS DEPOSITION METHOD; NANO-SCALE TWINS; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; GRAIN-GROWTH; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; MAXIMUM STRENGTH AB We compare the thermal stability of nanotwinned metals to their nanocrystalline counterparts. The thermal stability of a coherent twin boundary is superior to that of a high-angle grain boundary as the energy stored at twin boundaries is an order of magnitude lower than at high-angle grain boundaries. The stability of nanotwins sheds light on the use of these materials for relatively higher-temperature applications, where the retention of twins can enhance the mechanical strength of metallic materials. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, X.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM zhangx@tamu.edu RI Zhang, Xinghang/H-6764-2013 OI Zhang, Xinghang/0000-0002-8380-8667 FU NSF-DMR [0644835]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX X.Z. would like to thank his former students, Drs. Osman Anderoglu and Nan Li, for providing experimental results, and Drs. Jian Wang, R. G. Hoagland and J.P. Hirth for insightful MD simulations and discussions. X.Z. acknowledges financial support by NSF-DMR metallic materials and nanostructures program, under grant no. 0644835, and access to the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) through user program. The portion of this research conducted at LANL was supported by DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 49 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 66 IS 11 BP 860 EP 865 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.01.026 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 936WY UT WOS:000303621900006 ER PT J AU Hodge, AM Furnish, TA Shute, CJ Liao, Y Huang, X Hong, CS Zhu, YT Barbee, TW Weertman, JR AF Hodge, A. M. Furnish, T. A. Shute, C. J. Liao, Y. Huang, X. Hong, C. S. Zhu, Y. T. Barbee, T. W., Jr. Weertman, J. R. TI Twin stability in highly nanotwinned Cu under compression, torsion and tension SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Nanotwinned; Copper; Plastic deformation; Nanostructure ID CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; NANOSCALE TWINS; COPPER; DEFORMATION; DISLOCATION; BOUNDARIES; DUCTILITY; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; SAMPLES AB Twin stability under four distinct mechanical loading states has been investigated for highly nanotwinned Cu containing parallel nanotwins similar to 40 nm thick. Observed deformation-induced microstructural changes under tension, compression, tension-tension fatigue and torsion are qualitatively compared in order to assess twin stability as a function of the loading direction and stress. It is observed that the twins are very stable although small microstructural changes vary with deformation mode. Shear bands, deformation-induced grain growth and detwinning are also discussed. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hodge, A. M.; Furnish, T. A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Shute, C. J.; Liao, Y.; Weertman, J. R.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Huang, X.; Hong, C. S.] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Mat Res Div, Danish Chinese Ctr Nanomet, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Zhu, Y. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Barbee, T. W., Jr.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hodge, AM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM ahodge@usc.edu RI Hong, Chuanshi/B-8103-2008; Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Weertman, Julia/B-7540-2009; Weertman, Johannes/B-7539-2009; Liao, Yifeng/K-8288-2012 OI Hong, Chuanshi/0000-0003-0803-0151; Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; FU US Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US Department of Energy at USC under NSF [DMR-0955338]; MRSEC of the National Science Foundation [DMR-0520513]; Danish National Research Foundation FX Parts of this work were performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, at USC under NSF grant number DMR-0955338. At Northwestern University, shared facilities at the Materials Research Center were used supported by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-0520513). X.H. and C.S.H. were supported by the Danish National Research Foundation. NR 21 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 73 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 66 IS 11 BP 872 EP 877 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.01.027 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 936WY UT WOS:000303621900008 ER PT J AU Marino, SR Lee, SM Haagenson, M Binkowski, TA Spellman, S Lee, SJ Karrison, T AF Marino, Susana R. Lee, Sang M. Haagenson, Michael Binkowski, T. Andrew Spellman, Stephen Lee, Stephanie J. Karrison, Theodore TI IDENTIFICATION OF NON-PERMISSIVE AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH ONE YEAR OVERALL SURVIVAL IN HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION SO TISSUE ANTIGENS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint 16th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop/26th European Federation for Immunogenetics Conference/23rd British-Society-of-Histocompatibility-and-Immunogenetics Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 03, 2012 CL Liverpool, ENGLAND SP British Soc Histocompatibil & Immunogenet C1 [Marino, Susana R.] Univ Chicago Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Lee, Sang M.; Karrison, Theodore] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Haagenson, Michael; Spellman, Stephen] Ctr Int Blood & Marrow Transplant Res, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Binkowski, T. Andrew] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lee, Stephanie J.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM smarino@bsd.uchicago.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-2815 J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS JI Tissue Antigens PD JUN PY 2012 VL 79 IS 6 BP 439 EP 439 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA 935DT UT WOS:000303499800090 ER PT J AU Binkowski, TA Marino, SR Joachimiak, A AF Binkowski, T. Andrew Marino, Susana R. Joachimiak, Andrzej TI MODELING PEPTIDE BINDING ACROSS MISMATCHED HLA ALLELES IN HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION SO TISSUE ANTIGENS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Joint 16th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop/26th European Federation for Immunogenetics Conference/23rd British-Society-of-Histocompatibility-and-Immunogenetics Conference CY MAY 31-JUN 03, 2012 CL Liverpool, ENGLAND SP British Soc Histocompatibil & Immunogenet C1 [Binkowski, T. Andrew; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Marino, Susana R.] Univ Chicago Med, Chicago, IL USA. EM abinkowski@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-2815 J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS JI Tissue Antigens PD JUN PY 2012 VL 79 IS 6 BP 471 EP 472 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA 935DT UT WOS:000303499800166 ER PT J AU Berryman, JG AF Berryman, James G. TI Poroelastic Response of Orthotropic Fractured Porous Media SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE Poroelasticity; Fractures; Anisotropy ID ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; ROCKS AB An algorithm is presented for inverting either laboratory or field poroelastic data for all the drained constants of an anisotropic (specifically orthotropic) fractured poroelastic system. While fractures normally weaken the system by increasing the mechanical compliance, any liquids present in these fractures are expected to increase the stiffness somewhat, thus negating to some extent the mechanical weakening influence of the fractures themselves. The analysis presented in this article quantifies these effects and shows that the key physical variable needed to account for the pore- fluid effects is a factor of (1 - B), where B is Skempton's second coefficient and satisfies 0 <= B < 1. This scalar factor uniformly reduces the increase in compliance due to the presence of communicating fractures, thereby stiffening the fractured composite medium by a predictable amount. One further aim of the discussion is to determine the number of the poroelastic constants that needs to be known by other means to determine the rest from remote measurements, such as seismic wave propagation data in the field. Quantitative examples arising in the analysis show that, if the fracture aspect ratio a(f) similar or equal to 0.1 and the pore fluid is liquid water, then for several cases considered, Skempton's B similar or equal to 0.9, and so the stiffening effect of the pore- liquid reduces the change in compliance due to the fractures by a factor 1 - B similar or equal to 0.1, in these examples. The results do, however, depend on the actual moduli of the unfractured elastic material, as well as on the pore- liquid bulk modulus, so these quantitative predictions are just examples, and should not be treated as universal results. Attention is also given to two previously unremarked poroelastic identities, both being useful variants of Gassmann's equations for homogeneous- but anisotropic- poroelasticity. Relationships to Skempton's analysis of saturated soils are also noted. The article concludes with a discussion of alternative methods of analyzing and quantifying fluid- substitution behavior in poroelastic systems, especially for those systems having heterogeneous constitution. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Berryman, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jgberryman@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences; Enhanced Geothermal Systems Demonstration Project on Induced Seismicity FX The author thanks Seiji Nakagawa, Mosab Nasser, and Leon Thomsen for helpful discussions of and comments on this research. The study was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Support was provided specifically by the Geosciences Research Program of the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences. Additional support was provided by the Enhanced Geothermal Systems Demonstration Project on Induced Seismicity. All these supports of this research are gratefully acknowledged. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0169-3913 EI 1573-1634 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD JUN PY 2012 VL 93 IS 2 SI SI BP 293 EP 307 DI 10.1007/s11242-011-9922-7 PG 15 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 935GN UT WOS:000303507200006 ER PT J AU Talamo, A Gohar, Y Dulla, S Ravetto, P AF Talamo, Alberto Gohar, Yousry Dulla, Sandra Ravetto, Piero TI Alternative definitions of kinetic parameters for accelerator driven systems SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Accelerator driven systems; Kinetic parameters; Subcritical AB This study introduces a new formulation of kinetic parameters for accelerator driven systems and it is structured into two parts. The first part is dedicated to the classic definition of the kinetic parameters and compares different calculation methodologies. The second part considers a new definition of the kinetic parameters for subcritical assemblies, with particular emphasis on the delayed neutron fraction and the prompt neutron lifetime. This new definition takes into account neutrons from the external neutron source and (n,xn) reactions, which increase the fraction of prompt neutrons. The developed theoretical framework has been applied by Monte Carlo and deterministic calculations to the YALINA Thermal subcritical assembly located in Belarus. This facility can be driven by californium, deuterium-deuterium (D-D), or deuterium-tritium (D-T) external neutron sources. For the D-T neutron source, (n,xn) reactions must be taken into account in order to produce accurate results because the average energy of D-T source neutrons is 14.1 MeV, a value which is much higher than the threshold energy of the (n,2n) cross section of uranium isotopes. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Talamo, Alberto; Gohar, Yousry] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dulla, Sandra; Ravetto, Piero] Politecn Torino, I-10129 Turin, Italy. RP Talamo, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM atalamo@anl.gov OI talamo, alberto/0000-0001-5685-0483 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Global Nuclear Material Threat Reduction [NA213] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The US Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.; This Project is supported by the US Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Global Nuclear Material Threat Reduction (NA213). The authors acknowledge and thank Drs Jeffrey Favorite and Randy Baker (Los Alamos National Laboratory) for their suggestions on PARTISN calculations, Prof. Guy Marleau (Polytechnique de Montreal) for his suggestions on DRAGON calculations, Dr. Malcolm Armishaw (ANSWERS Software) for his suggestions on MONK calculations, and Dr. Sai-Chi Mo (Argonne National Laboratory) for his suggestions on NJOY calculations. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD JUN PY 2012 VL 44 BP 12 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2012.01.006 PG 10 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 930JP UT WOS:000303136000003 ER PT J AU Fata, SN AF Fata, S. Nintcheu TI Treatment of domain integrals in boundary element methods SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Domain integral; Newton potential; Poisson equation; Fundamental theorem of calculus; Poincare lemma; Boundary element method ID ONLY DISCRETIZATION; EQUATION; SPACES; BEM AB A systematic and rigorous technique to calculate domain integrals without a volume-fitted mesh has been developed and validated in the context of a boundary element approximation. In the proposed approach, a domain integral involving a continuous or weakly-singular integrand is first converted into a surface integral by means of straightpath integrals that intersect the underlying domain. Then, the resulting surface integral is carried out either via analytic integration over boundary elements or by use of standard quadrature rules. This domain-to-boundary integral transformation is derived from an extension of the fundamental theorem of calculus to higher dimension, and the divergence theorem. In establishing the method, it is shown that the higher-dimensional version of the first fundamental theorem of calculus corresponds to the well-known Poincare lemma. The proposed technique can be employed to evaluate integrals defined over simply-or multiply-connected domains with Lipschitz boundaries which are embedded in an Euclidean space of arbitrary but finite dimension. Combined with the singular treatment of surface integrals that is widely available in the literature, this approach can also be utilized to effectively deal with boundary-value problems involving non-homogeneous source terms by way of a collocation or a Galerkin boundary integral equation method using only the prescribed surface discretization. Sample problems associated with the three-dimensional Poisson equation and featuring the Newton potential are successfully solved by a constant element collocation method to validate this study. (C) 2010 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fata, SN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008,MS 6367, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nintcheufats@ornl.gov FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9274 J9 APPL NUMER MATH JI Appl. Numer. Math. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 62 IS 6 SI SI BP 720 EP 735 DI 10.1016/j.apnum.2010.07.003 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 932BN UT WOS:000303265000006 ER PT J AU Barcon, T Alonso-Gutierrez, J Omil, F AF Barcon, Tamara Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge Omil, Francisco TI Molecular and physiological approaches to understand the ecology of methanol degradation during the biofiltration of air streams SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biofilter; Methanol; Candida boidinii; Anaerobic bacteria ID TUBULAR BIOFILM REACTOR; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; COMMUNITY; REMOVAL; BIOREACTOR; CARRIER; PINENE AB A 13.4 L biofilter treating an off-gas stream supplemented with methanol under two different situations was studied in terms of MeOH removal efficiency, microbial ecology and odor removal. During Period 1 (P1) the reactor was packed with wood bark chips with no pH control, treating an off-gas resulting from the aerobic chamber of a membrane biological reactor treating sewage and located outdoor, whereas during Period 2 (P2) a compressed air stream fed with MeOH was treated using PVC rings and maintaining pH at neutral values. Both systems operated at 96 g MeOH M-3 h(-1) achieving removal efficiencies of around 90% during P1 and 99.9% during P2. The relative activity of biomass developed in both systems was assessed using respirometric analysis with samples obtained from both biofilms. Higher biomass activity was obtained during P2 (0.25-0.35 kg MeOH kg(-1) vss d(-1)) whereas 1.1 kg MeOH kg(-1) VSS d(-1) was obtained in the case of P1. The application of molecular and microscopic techniques showed that the eukaryotes were predominant during P1. being the yeast Candida boidinii the most abundant microorganism. A specific Fluorescence in situ hybridization probe was designed for C. boidinii and tested successfully. As a result of the neutral pH, a clear predominance of prokaryotes was detected during P2. Interestingly, some anaerobic bacteria were detected such as Desulfovibrio. Desulfobacteraceae species and also some archaea such as Methanosarcina. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Barcon, Tamara; Omil, Francisco] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Sch Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. [Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Barcon, T (reprint author), Univ Santiago de Compostela, Sch Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. EM tamara.barcon@rai.usc.es RI Omil, Francisco/F-7728-2016 OI Omil, Francisco/0000-0003-4042-453X FU Regional Government of Xunta de Galicia (Spain) [PGIDIT 09MDS026E]; LABAQUA S.A; Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [CSD2007-00055] FX This work was supported by the Regional Government of Xunta de Galicia (Spain) through the project RIBIOLOR 2009-2011 (PGIDIT 09MDS026E) in collaboration with the company LABAQUA S.A., as well as by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science through the project NOVEDAR_Consolider 2007-2012 (CSD2007-00055). Special thanks to Monica Figueroa for her help in the use of the FISH technique. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUN PY 2012 VL 87 IS 10 BP 1179 EP 1185 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.039 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 932LO UT WOS:000303292800014 PM 22386929 ER PT J AU Singer, BC Delp, WW Price, PN Apte, MG AF Singer, B. C. Delp, W. W. Price, P. N. Apte, M. G. TI Performance of installed cooking exhaust devices SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Carbon monoxide; Natural gas burners; Nitrogen dioxide; Range hood; Task ventilation; Unvented combustion ID KITCHEN RANGE HOODS; CAPTURE EFFICIENCY; GAS AB The performance metrics of airflow, sound, and combustion product capture efficiency (CE) were measured for a convenience sample of 15 cooking exhaust devices, as installed in residences. Results were analyzed to quantify the impact of various device- and installation-dependent parameters on CE. Measured maximum airflows were 70% or lower than values noted on product literature for 10 of the devices. Above-the-cooktop devices with flat-bottom surfaces (no capture hood) including exhaust fan/microwave combination appliances were found to have much lower CE at similar flow rates, compared to devices with capture hoods. For almost all exhaust devices and especially for rear-mounted downdraft exhaust and microwaves, CE was substantially higher for back compared with front burner use. Flow rate, and the extent to which the exhaust device extends over the burners that are in use, also had a large effect on CE. A flow rate of 95 liters per second (200 cubic feet per minute) was necessary, but not sufficient, to attain capture efficiency in excess of 75% for the front burners. A-weighted sound levels in kitchens exceeded 56 dB* when operating at the highest fan setting for all 14 devices evaluated for sound performance. Practical Implications Natural gas cooking burners and many cooking activities emit pollutants that can reach hazardous levels in homes. Venting range hoods and other cooking exhaust fans are thought to provide adequate protection when used. This study demonstrates that airflows of installed devices are often below advertised values and that less than half of the pollutants emitted by gas cooking burners are removed during many operational conditions. For many devices, achieving capture efficiencies that approach or exceed 75% requires operation at settings that produce prohibitive noise levels. While users can improve performance by preferentially using back burners, results suggest the need for improvements in hood designs to achieve high pollutant capture efficiencies at acceptable noise levels. C1 [Singer, B. C.; Delp, W. W.; Price, P. N.; Apte, M. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Singer, B. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Atmospher Sci, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singer, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bcsinger@lbl.gov RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; California Energy Commission [500-05-026, 500-08-061] FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the California Energy Commission through Contracts 500-05-026 and 500-08-061. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD JUN PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 BP 224 EP 234 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00756.x PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 930CL UT WOS:000303113800006 PM 22044446 ER PT J AU Ruggirello, KP DesJardin, PE Baer, MR Kaneshige, MJ Hertel, ES AF Ruggirello, K. P. DesJardin, P. E. Baer, M. R. Kaneshige, M. J. Hertel, E. S. TI A reaction progress variable modeling approach for non-ideal multiphase explosives SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW LA English DT Article DE Explosives; Shocks; Aluminum; Compressible flow ID PREMIXED TURBULENT COMBUSTION; ALUMINUM PARTICLE COMBUSTION; TO-DETONATION TRANSITION; CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED-BED; COMPRESSIBLE MULTIFLUID; UNSTEADY CONTRIBUTIONS; GRANULAR-MATERIALS; SPRAY COMBUSTION; 2-PHASE FLOW; SHOCK-WAVE AB This study concerns the development of a mixture fraction based reaction progress variable formulation for aluminized explosives. Highlights of the formulation include a fully compressible treatment of both the gas and solid phases (both aluminum and alumina), heterogenous and homogenous reactions, and effects of group combustion. Isolated particle simulations are validated against experimental data and DNS and show good agreement of burn times over a range of pressure and oxygen environments. The new models are implemented in the CTH shock physics code using a fractional step approach to allow for efficient computation of particle dynamics. Comparisons are made to experimental pressure data for a thermobaric explosive in the Sandia Explosive Components Facility (ECF). Parametric studies are conducted to determine pressure response and impulse to charge equivalence ratio and particle size. Overall good agreement is observed between simulation predictions of pressure time history and impulse. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ruggirello, K. P.; DesJardin, P. E.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Buffalo, NY 14228 USA. [Baer, M. R.; Kaneshige, M. J.; Hertel, E. S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP DesJardin, PE (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Buffalo, NY 14228 USA. EM ped3@buffalo.edu FU Sandia National Laboratories; Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Office; NAVAIR through STTR [N68335-10-C-0418] FX The authors thank Dr. Robert Schmidt for his help implementing the multiphase model into CTH. Support for this work has been provided by Sandia National Laboratories and the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Office. The second author also acknowledges the support of NAVAIR through the STTR phase I program (Contract N68335-10-C-0418). NR 84 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0301-9322 EI 1879-3533 J9 INT J MULTIPHAS FLOW JI Int. J. Multiph. Flow PD JUN PY 2012 VL 42 BP 128 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.02.005 PG 24 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 931MU UT WOS:000303224800014 ER PT J AU Garzon, M Gray, LJ Sethian, J AF Garzon, Maria Gray, L. J. Sethian, James TI Droplet and bubble pinch-off computations using level sets SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Computational and Mathematical Methods in Science and Engineering (CMMSE) CY JUN 26-30, 2010 CL Almeria, SPAIN DE Nonlinear potential flow; Level set method ID BOUNDARY INTEGRAL METHOD AB A two fluid potential flow model is employed to analyze the pinching characteristics of an inviscid fluid immersed in a second inviscid fluid of different density. The system behavior is controlled by the relative density of the two fluids, D = rho(epsilon)/rho(1), where D = 0 corresponds to droplets in air, and D = 100 to bubbles in water. The numerical method employed combines the level set method for advancing the free surface position and boundary condition, together with a 3D axisymmetric boundary integral formulation to obtain fluid velocities. This approach provides a numerical methodology to analyze the pinch-off behavior up to and beyond the initial break-up of the inner fluid. The combined algorithm is validated using the analytical solution for an oscillating sphere. A series of numerical experiments, up to and beyond the initial break-up of the inner fluid, have been carried out for the two extremes, D = 0 and D = 100. The calculated scaling exponents match the theoretical values, and the computed front profiles are in good agreement with recent experimental findings. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Garzon, Maria] Univ Oviedo, Dept Appl Math, Oviedo, Spain. [Gray, L. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Sethian, James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Garzon, M (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Dept Appl Math, Oviedo, Spain. EM maria@orion.ciencias.uniovi.es; ljg@ornl.gov; sethian@math.berkeley.edu NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 236 IS 12 BP 3034 EP 3041 DI 10.1016/j.cam.2011.03.032 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 930XI UT WOS:000303177700014 ER PT J AU Tagg, N Brangham, J Chvojka, J Clairemont, M Day, M Eberly, B Felix, J Fields, L Gago, AM Gran, R Harris, DA Kordosky, M Lee, H Maggi, G Maher, E Mann, WA Marshall, CM McFarland, KS McGowan, AM Mislivec, A Mousseau, J Osmanov, B Osta, J Paolone, V Perdue, G Ransome, RD Ray, H Schellman, H Schmitz, DW Simon, C Salinas, CJS Tice, BG Walding, J Walton, T Wolcott, J Zhang, D Ziemer, BP AF Tagg, N. Brangham, J. Chvojka, J. Clairemont, M. Day, M. Eberly, B. Felix, J. Fields, L. Gago, A. M. Gran, R. Harris, D. A. Kordosky, M. Lee, H. Maggi, G. Maher, E. Mann, W. A. Marshall, C. M. McFarland, K. S. McGowan, A. M. Mislivec, A. Mousseau, J. Osmanov, B. Osta, J. Paolone, V. Perdue, G. Ransome, R. D. Ray, H. Schellman, H. Schmitz, D. W. Simon, C. Salinas, C. J. Solano Tice, B. G. Walding, J. Walton, T. Wolcott, J. Zhang, D. Ziemer, B. P. TI Arachne-A web-based event viewer for MINERvA SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Event viewer; Data visualization; XML; AJAX; HTML 5; MINERvA experiment; NuMI beam AB Neutrino interaction events in the MINERvA detector are visually represented with a web-based tool called Arachne. Data are retrieved from a central server via AJAX, and client-side JavaScript draws images into the user's browser window using the draft HTML 5 standard. These technologies allow neutrino interactions to be viewed by anyone with a web browser, allowing for easy hand-scanning of particle interactions. Arachne has been used in MINERvA to evaluate neutrino data in a prototype detector, to tune reconstruction algorithms, and for public outreach and education. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tagg, N.; Brangham, J.] Otterbein Univ, Dept Phys, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. [Eberly, B.; Paolone, V.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Felix, J.] Col Ctr Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36000, Mexico. [Fields, L.; Schellman, H.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Gago, A. M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Ciencias, Secc Fis, Lima 1761, Peru. [Gran, R.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Dept Phys, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Harris, D. A.; Osta, J.; Schmitz, D. W.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kordosky, M.; Walding, J.; Zhang, D.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Maggi, G.] Univ Tecn Federico St Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Maher, E.] Massachusetts Coll Liberal Arts, N Adams, MA 01247 USA. [Mann, W. A.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Mousseau, J.; Osmanov, B.; Ray, H.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ransome, R. D.; Tice, B. G.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Simon, C.; Ziemer, B. P.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Walton, T.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Tagg, N (reprint author), Otterbein Univ, Dept Phys, 1 S Grove St, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. EM ntagg@otterbein.edu OI Tagg, Nathaniel/0000-0001-5820-643X; Schmitz, David/0000-0003-2165-7389 FU National Science Foundation [085542, 0619727]; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; United States National Science foundation under NSF [PHY-0619727]; University of Rochester; NASA; DOE (USA); CAPES; CNPq (Brazil); CoNaCyT (Mexico); CONICYT (Chile); CONCYTEC, DGI-PUCP; IDI-UNI (Peru); Latin American Center for Physics (CLAF); Jeffress Memorial Trust; Research Corporation FX This material is based upon work principally supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 085542. The development of educational resources for MINERvA is supported by NSF Grant No. 0619727. The MINERvA experiment and NuMI beamline are supported by the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, which is operated by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, including the MINERvA construction project, with the United States Department of Energy. Construction support also was granted by the United States National Science foundation under NSF Award PHY-0619727 and by the University of Rochester. Support for participating scientists was provided by NASA, NSF and DOE (USA) by CAPES and CNPq (Brazil), by CoNaCyT (Mexico), by CONICYT (Chile), by CONCYTEC, DGI-PUCP and IDI-UNI (Peru), and by Latin American Center for Physics (CLAF). Additional support came from Jeffress Memorial Trust (MK) and Research Corporation (EM). NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 676 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.01.059 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 931PC UT WOS:000303230800007 ER PT J AU Battaglia, M Bisello, D Contarato, D Denes, P Giubilato, P Mattiazzo, S Pantano, D AF Battaglia, Marco Bisello, Dario Contarato, Devis Denes, Peter Giubilato, Piero Mattiazzo, Serena Pantano, Devis TI Characterisation of a thin fully depleted SOI pixel sensor with high momentum charged particles SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Monolithic pixel sensor; SOI; CMOS technology; Particle detection ID BEAM TELESCOPE; SIMULATION; ILC AB This paper presents the results of the characterisation of a thin fully depleted pixel sensor manufactured in 501 technology on high-resistivity substrate with high momentum charged particles. The sensor is thinned to 70 mu m and a thin phosphor layer contact is implanted on the back-plane. Its response is compared to that of thick sensors of same design in terms of signal and noise, detection efficiency and single point resolution based on data collected with 300 GeV pions at the CERN SPS. We observe that the charge collected and the signal-to-noise ratio scale according to the estimated thickness of the sensitive volume and the efficiency and single point resolution of the thinned chip are comparable to those measured for the thick sensors. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Battaglia, Marco; Contarato, Devis; Denes, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Battaglia, Marco] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bisello, Dario; Giubilato, Piero; Mattiazzo, Serena; Pantano, Devis] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bisello, Dario; Giubilato, Piero; Mattiazzo, Serena; Pantano, Devis] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. RP Battaglia, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM MBattaglia@lbl.gov OI Giubilato, Piero/0000-0003-4358-5355 FU Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; INFN, Italy FX This work was supported by the director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by INFN, Italy. We are grateful to Y. Arai for his effective collaboration and support in the SOIPIX activities. We are indebted to I. Efthymiopoulos and M. Jeckel for support on the SPS beam-line and to A. Behrens and E. Lacroix for performing the detector system alignment. We also thank the CERN IT department for computing support. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 676 BP 50 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.019 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 931PC UT WOS:000303230800008 ER PT J AU Friend, M Parno, D Benmokhtar, F Camsonne, A Dalton, MM Franklin, GB Mamyan, V Michaels, R Nanda, S Nelyubin, V Paschke, K Quinn, B Rakhman, A Souder, P Tobias, A AF Friend, M. Parno, D. Benmokhtar, F. Camsonne, A. Dalton, M. M. Franklin, G. B. Mamyan, V. Michaels, R. Nanda, S. Nelyubin, V. Paschke, K. Quinn, B. Rakhman, A. Souder, P. Tobias, A. TI Upgraded photon calorimeter with integrating readout for the Hall A Compton polarimeter at Jefferson Lab SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Compton polarimeter; Jefferson Laboratory; Electron beam polarimetry; Integrating DAQ ID ELECTRON-BEAM POLARIZATION; CEBAF; JLAB AB The photon arm of the Compton polarimeter in Hall A of Jefferson Lab has been upgraded to allow for electron beam polarization measurements with better than 1% accuracy. The data acquisition (DAQ) system now includes an integrating mode, which eliminates several systematic uncertainties inherent in the original counting-DAQ setup. The photon calorimeter has been replaced with a Ce-doped Gd2SiO5 crystal, which has a bright output and fast response, and works well for measurements using the new integrating method at electron beam energies from 1 to 6 GeV. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Friend, M.; Parno, D.; Benmokhtar, F.; Franklin, G. B.; Mamyan, V.; Quinn, B.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Parno, D.] Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Parno, D.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Benmokhtar, F.] Christopher Newport Univ, Dept Phys Comp Sci & Engn, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Camsonne, A.; Michaels, R.; Nanda, S.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Dalton, M. M.; Paschke, K.; Tobias, A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Rakhman, A.; Souder, P.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Friend, M (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM mfriend@andrew.cmu.edu RI Rakhman, Adurahim/K-8146-2012; Mamyan, Vahe/K-4778-2012; Quinn, Brian/N-7343-2014; Franklin, Gregg/N-7743-2014; Dalton, Mark/B-5380-2016; Parno, Diana/B-7546-2017 OI Rakhman, Adurahim/0000-0002-9880-6074; Quinn, Brian/0000-0003-2800-986X; Franklin, Gregg/0000-0003-4176-1378; Dalton, Mark/0000-0001-9204-7559; Parno, Diana/0000-0002-9363-0401 FU DOE under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC05-06OR23177, DE-FG02-87ER40315] FX This work was supported by DOE Grants DE-AC05-06OR23177, under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, operate Jefferson Lab, and DE-FG02-87ER40315. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 676 BP 96 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.02.041 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 931PC UT WOS:000303230800015 ER PT J AU Chmiel, M Piasecki, M Myronchuk, G Lakshminarayana, G Reshak, AH Parasyuk, OG Kogut, Y Kityk, IV AF Chmiel, M. Piasecki, M. Myronchuk, G. Lakshminarayana, G. Reshak, Ali H. Parasyuk, O. G. Kogut, Yu. Kityk, I. V. TI Optical and photoconductivity spectra of novel Ag2In2SiS6 and Ag2In2GeS6 chalcogenide crystals SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Band gap of semiconductors; Optical properties ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SYSTEMS AB Complex spectral studies of near-band gap and photoconductive spectra for novel Ag2In2SiS6 and Ag2In2GeS6 single crystals are presented. The spectral dependences of photoconductivity clearly show an existence of spectral maxima within the 450 nm-540 nm and 780 nm-920 nm. The fundamental absorption edge is analyzed by Urbach rule. The origin of the spectral photoconductivity spectral maxima is discussed. Temperature dependences of the spectra were done. The obtained spectral features allow to propose the titled crystals as photosensors. An analysis of the absorption and photoconductivity spectra is given within a framework of oversimplified spectroscopic model of complex chalcogenide crystals. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kityk, I. V.] Czestochowa Tech Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Czestochowa, Poland. [Myronchuk, G.; Parasyuk, O. G.; Kogut, Yu.] Volyn Natl Univ, Dept Inorgan & Phys Chem, UA-43025 Lutsk, Ukraine. [Piasecki, M.] J Dlugosh Univ, Inst Phys, Czestochowa, Poland. [Lakshminarayana, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chmiel, M.] State Fire Serv, Cent Sch, Czestochowa, Poland. [Reshak, Ali H.] FFWP S Bohemia Univ, Sch Complex Syst, Nove Hrady 37333, Czech Republic. [Reshak, Ali H.] Malaysia Univ Perlis, Sch Mat Engn, Kangar 01007, Perlis, Malaysia. RP Kityk, IV (reprint author), Czestochowa Tech Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Armii Krajowej 17, Czestochowa, Poland. EM ikityk@el.pcz.czest.pl RI Kityk, Iwan/M-4032-2015; Reshak, Ali/B-8649-2008; OI Reshak, Ali/0000-0001-9426-8363; Gandham, Lakshminarayana/0000-0002-1458-9368; Piasecki, Michal/0000-0003-1040-8811 FU Polish Ministry Education [N510 633740]; RDI of the Czech Republic; project CENAKVA [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0024]; Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia [152/2010/Z] FX For M. Chmiel and I.V. Kityk this work is supported by Polish Ministry Education scientific project No. N510 633740. For Ali H. Reshak this work was supported from the program RDI of the Czech Republic, the project CENAKVA (No. CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0024), the grant No. 152/2010/Z of the Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia. School of Material Engineering, Malaysia University of Perlis, P.O Box 77, d/a Pejabat Pos Besar, 01007 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 91 BP 48 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.saa.2012.01.053 PG 3 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 929NU UT WOS:000303073300008 PM 22366613 ER PT J AU Peterson, K Schreyer, H Sulsky, D AF Peterson, Kara Schreyer, Howard Sulsky, Deborah TI Decohesion with refreezing SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Decohesive constitutive model; Sea ice; Fracture; Refreezing; Gap closure ID SEA-ICE; THERMODYNAMIC MODEL AB In a previous paper, an elastic-decohesive model was developed for sea ice. Unlike previous models, orientation and displacement discontinuity associated with lead opening are specifically predicted. However, over the course of a season a specific lead may open and close several times with significant implications related to ice production and heat flux. The focus of this paper is to indicate, in a generic manner, how the formation of new ice by freezing within a lead and the recovery of tensile strength by the freezing of ridges can be accommodated easily within the decohesive structure. A sample simulation is provided to show the implications of these additional terms on ice production over several cycles of lead opening and closing. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sulsky, Deborah] 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Schreyer, Howard] 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Peterson, Kara] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sulsky, D (reprint author), 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, MSC01 1115, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM sulsky@math.unm.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation [ARC-1023667]; NNSA; Laboratory Directed Research and Development award FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.; The authors wish to acknowledge with fondness and appreciation that this work was initiated because of the persistence of Max D. Coon whose extensive knowledge of Arctic ice provided the insight on which many aspects of the models described in this paper are based. This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under grant ARC-1023667. Additional support for KP from the NNSA Climate Modeling and Carbon Measurement project and a Laboratory Directed Research and Development award are gratefully acknowledged. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 76-77 SI SI BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.coldregions.2011.08.002 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 928GH UT WOS:000302970700007 ER PT J AU Bajaj, S Sevik, C Cagin, T Garay, A Turchi, PEA Arroyave, R AF Bajaj, Saurabh Sevik, Cem Cagin, Tahir Garay, Andres Turchi, P. E. A. Arroyave, Raymundo TI On the limitations of the DFT plus U approach to energetics of actinides SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Density functional theory; LSDA plus U; Hubbard-type Coulomb U parameter; Phase stability ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; URANIUM-DIOXIDE; STRUCTURAL STABILITY; LIGHT ACTINIDES; NUCLEAR-FUELS; POINT-DEFECTS AB Scalar-relativistic density functional theory calculations are performed on three phases of Np within the framework of LSDA+U approach. Material properties examined include lattice parameters, atomic volumes, bulk modulus, magnetic moments, and cohesive energies. Dependence of these properties as a function of the Hubbard-type Coulomb U parameter is investigated, and it is observed that beyond the optimized value at which resulting properties compare well with experimental data, calculations suggest anomalously large changes in volumes supplemented by magnetic transitions. Several reasons that may have caused these instabilities in our calculations are discussed, and which should be considered by those resorting to DFT+U techniques for predicting phase stability in actinides and their alloys. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bajaj, Saurabh; Cagin, Tahir; Arroyave, Raymundo] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bajaj, Saurabh] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sevik, Cem; Cagin, Tahir] Texas A&M Univ, Artie McFerrin Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Sevik, Cem] Anadolu Univ, Adv Technol Res Ctr, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Cagin, Tahir; Arroyave, Raymundo] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Garay, Andres] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN CINVESTAV, Unidad Queretaro, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. [Turchi, P. E. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Arroyave, R (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 119 ENPH,Mail Stop 3123, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rarroyave@tamu.edu RI Arroyave, Raymundo/A-4106-2013 OI Arroyave, Raymundo/0000-0001-7548-8686 FU US DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work has been performed under the auspices of the US DOE by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors acknowledge the Texas A&M Supercomputing Facility (http://sc.tamu.edu/), the Chemical Engineering Cluster at Texas A&M University, as well as the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin for providing computing resources useful in conducting the research reported in this work. NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 59 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.02.023 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 927UC UT WOS:000302934600007 ER PT J AU Hatch, DR del-Castillo-Negrete, D Terry, PW AF Hatch, D. R. del-Castillo-Negrete, D. Terry, P. W. TI Analysis and compression of six-dimensional gyrokinetic datasets using higher order singular value decomposition SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Data compression; Plasma gyrokinetic simulations; Singular value decomposition ID GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; VLASOV SIMULATIONS; TOKAMAK TURBULENCE; PLASMA; EQUATION; FLOWS AB Higher order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) is explored as a tool for analyzing and compressing gyrokinetic data. An efficient numerical implementation of an HOSVD algorithm is described. HOSVD is used to analyze the full six-dimensional (three spatial, two velocity space, and time dimensions) gyrocenter distribution function from gyrokinetic simulations of ion temperature gradient, electron temperature gradient, and trapped electron mode driven turbulence. The HOSVD eigenvalues for the velocity space coordinates decay very rapidly, indicating that only a few structures in velocity space can capture the most important dynamics. In almost all of the cases studied, HOSVD extracts parallel velocity space structures which are very similar to orthogonal polynomials. HOSVD is also used to compress gyrokinetic datasets, an application in which it is shown to significantly outperform the more commonly used singular value decomposition. It is shown that the effectiveness of the HOSVD compression improves as the dimensionality of the dataset increases. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [del-Castillo-Negrete, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hatch, D. R.; Terry, P. W.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hatch, D. R.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, EURATOM Assoc, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP del-Castillo-Negrete, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM delcastillod@ornl.gov OI del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego/0000-0001-7183-801X FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-89ER53291]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-89ER53291. DdCN was sponsored by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 11 BP 4234 EP 4256 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.02.007 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 927TS UT WOS:000302933600010 ER PT J AU Chang, CH Stagg, AK AF Chang, C. H. Stagg, A. K. TI A compatible Lagrangian hydrodynamic scheme for multicomponent flows with mixing SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian hydrodynamics; Multifluid; Multicomponent; Mixing; Compatible discretization; Energy conservation ID GAS-MIXTURES; 2-PHASE FLOW; DIFFUSION; ENERGY; SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHMS; MODELS AB We present a Lagrangian time integration scheme and compatible discretization for total energy conservation in multicomponent mixing simulations. Mixing behavior results from relative motion between species. Species velocities are determined by solving species momentum equations in a Lagrangian manner. Included in the species momentum equations are species artificial viscosity (since each species can undergo compression) and inter-species momentum exchange. Thermal energy for each species is also solved, including compression work and thermal dissipation caused by momentum exchange. The present procedure is applicable to mixing of an arbitrary number of species that may not be in pressure or temperature equilibrium. A traditional staggered stencil has been adopted to describe motion of each species. The computational mesh for the mixture is constructed in a Lagrangian manner using the mass-averaged mixture velocity. Species momentum equations are solved at the vertices of the mesh, and temporary species meshes are constructed and advanced in time using the resulting species velocities. Following the Lagrangian step, species quantities are advected (mapped) from the species meshes to the mixture mesh. Momentum exchange between species introduces work that must be included in an energy-conserving discretization scheme. This work has to be transformed to dissipation in order to effect a net change in species thermal energy. The dissipation between interacting species pairs is obtained by combining the momentum exchange work. The dissipation is then distributed to the species involved using a distribution factor based on species specific heats. The resulting compatible discretization scheme provides total energy conservation of the whole mixture. In addition, the numerical scheme includes conservative local energy exchange between species in mixture. Due to the relatively large species interaction coefficients, both the species momenta and energies are calculated implicitly. Sample calculations have yielded excellent results, including conservation of total energy in Lagrangian steps, symmetry preservation, and correct steady-state behavior. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, C. H.; Stagg, A. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chang, CH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chc@lanl.gov; staggak@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [37831-6285]; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We are grateful to Scott Runnels for initial implementation design, to Alan Harrison for making ALE and advection packages available, to Tom Dey and Len Margolin for helpful discussions, and to Paul Whalen for helpful discussions and thoughtful critique of the manuscript. This work was performed by the authors at Los Alamos National Laboratory under the auspices of U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. In addition, article preparation was supported in part by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6285, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 11 BP 4279 EP 4294 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.02.005 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 927TS UT WOS:000302933600012 ER PT J AU Saha, D Contescu, CI Gallego, NC AF Saha, Dipendu Contescu, Cristian I. Gallego, Nidia C. TI Bimodal mesoporous carbon synthesized from large organic precursor and amphiphilic tri-block copolymer by self-assembly SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Mesoporous carbon; Self-assembly; Hexaphenol; Tr-block copolymer; Pore texture ID RESIN; SIZE AB Owing to several disadvantages of traditional hard template based synthesis, soft-template or self-assembly was adopted to synthesize mesoporous carbon. In this work, we have introduced hexaphenol as a new and large organic precursor for the synthesis of mesoporous carbon by self-assembly with Pluronic P123 as structure dictating agent. The resultant mesoporous carbon is bimodal in nature with median pore widths of 29 and 45 angstrom and BET surface area of 312 m(2)/g. Unlike previously synthesized mesoporous carbon, this carbon possesses negligible micropore volume. This mesoporous carbon is very suitable candidate for several applications including membrane separation, chemical sensor or selective sorption of larger molecules. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Saha, Dipendu; Contescu, Cristian I.; Gallego, Nidia C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Saha, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dipendus@gmail.com OI Contescu, Cristian/0000-0002-7450-3722; Gallego, Nidia/0000-0002-8252-0194 FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division FX Research sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division. The authors appreciate the assistance in SAXS characterization from Prof. J. Spruiell, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 155 BP 71 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.01.007 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 927FV UT WOS:000302893400011 ER PT J AU Fohlisch, A Vijayalakshmi, S Pietzsch, A Nagasono, M Wurth, W Kirchmann, PS Loukakos, PA Bovensiepen, U Wolf, M Tchaplyguine, M Hennies, F AF Foehlisch, A. Vijayalakshmi, S. Pietzsch, A. Nagasono, M. Wurth, W. Kirchmann, P. S. Loukakos, P. A. Bovensiepen, U. Wolf, M. Tchaplyguine, M. Hennies, F. TI Charge transfer dynamics in molecular solids and adsorbates driven by local and non-local excitations SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hexafluorobenzene; Charge transfer dynamics; Cu(111); Core-hole-clock; Two-photon photoemission; Autoionization; Photoelectron spectroscopy; C1s NEXAFS ID RESOLVED 2-PHOTON PHOTOEMISSION; ULTRAFAST ELECTRON DYNAMICS; METAL-SURFACES; CORE-HOLE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRUM; VIBRATIONAL STRUCTURE; SIMPLE HYDROCARBONS; STATES; SPECTROSCOPIES; LOCALIZATION AB Charge transfer pathways and charge transfer times in molecular films and in adsorbate layers depend both on the details of the electronic structure as well as on the degree of the initial localization of the propagating excited electronic state. For C6F6 molecular adsorbate films on the Cu(111) surface we determined the interplay between excited state localization and charge transfer pathways. In particular we selectively prepared a free-particle-like LUMO band excitation and compared it to a molecularly localized core-excited C1s -> pi* C6F6 LUMO state using time-resolved two-photon photoemission (tr-2PPE) and core-sole-clock (CHC) spectroscopy, respectively. For the molecularly localized core-excited C1s -> pi* C6F6 LUMO state, we separate the intramolecular dynamics from the charge transfer dynamics to the metal substrate by taking the intramolecular dynamics of the free C6F6 molecule into account Our analysis yields a generally applicable description of charge transfer within molecular adsorbates and to the substrate. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Foehlisch, A.; Vijayalakshmi, S.; Pietzsch, A.; Nagasono, M.; Wurth, W.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Foehlisch, A.; Vijayalakshmi, S.; Pietzsch, A.; Nagasono, M.; Wurth, W.] Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Kirchmann, P. S.; Loukakos, P. A.; Bovensiepen, U.; Wolf, M.] Free Univ Berlin, Fachbereich Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Tchaplyguine, M.; Hennies, F.] Lund Univ, MAX Lab, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. RP Vijayalakshmi, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60517 USA. EM alexander.foehlisch@helmholtz-berlin.de; vkalya2@illinois.edu RI Kirchmann, Patrick/C-1195-2008; Loukakos, Panagiotis/A-8642-2014; Wolf, Martin/Q-3548-2016; Hennies, Franz/A-4643-2009; Bovensiepen, Uwe/E-7435-2017 OI Pietzsch, Annette/0000-0001-6964-7425; Alexander, Fohlisch/0000-0003-4126-8233; Kirchmann, Patrick/0000-0002-4835-0654; Hennies, Franz/0000-0003-3904-1937; Bovensiepen, Uwe/0000-0002-1506-4491 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SPP 1093] FX This work has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through SPP 1093. We are grateful to the technical and scientific support at the BESSY II Synchrotron radiation source. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 606 IS 11-12 BP 881 EP 885 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2011.12.014 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 928GU UT WOS:000302972000001 ER PT J AU Sullivan, JL Gaines, L AF Sullivan, J. L. Gaines, L. TI Status of life cycle inventories for batteries SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Batteries; LCA; Production energy; Emissions ID PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS; ENERGY ANALYSIS AB This study reviews existing life-cycle inventory (LCI) results for cradle-to-gate (ctg) environmental assessments of lead-acid (PbA), nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), sodium-sulfur (Na/S), and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. LCI data are evaluated for the two stages of cradle-to-gate performance: battery material production and component fabrication and assembly into purchase ready batteries. Using existing production data on battery constituent materials, overall battery material production values were calculated and contrasted with published values for the five battery technologies. The comparison reveals a more prevalent absence of material production data for lithium ion batteries, though such data are also missing or dated for a few important constituent materials in nickel metal hydride, nickel cadmium, and sodium sulfur batteries (mischmetal hydrides, cadmium, beta-alumina). Despite the overall availability of material production data for lead acid batteries, updated results for lead and lead peroxide are also needed. On the other hand, LCI data for the commodity materials common to most batteries (steel, aluminum, plastics) are up to date and of high quality, though there is a need for comparable quality data for copper. Further, there is an almost total absence of published LCI data on recycled battery materials, an unfortunate state of affairs given the potential benefit of battery recycling. Although battery manufacturing processes have occasionally been well described, detailed quantitative information on energy and material flows are missing. For each battery, a comparison of battery material production with its manufacturing and assembly counterpart is discussed. Combustion and process emissions for battery production have also been included in our assessment. In cases where emissions were not reported in the original literature, we estimated them using fuels data if reported. Whether on a per kilogram or per watt-hour capacity basis, lead-acid batteries have the lowest cradle-to-gate production energy, and fewest carbon dioxide and criteria pollutant emissions. The other batteries have higher values in all three categories. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sullivan, J. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Syst Assessment Sect, Ctr Transportat Res, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sullivan, JL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Syst Assessment Sect, Ctr Transportat Res, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 362, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jsullivan@anl.gov NR 27 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 13 U2 170 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 58 BP 134 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.01.001 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA 924CR UT WOS:000302668900015 ER PT J AU Zheng, HH Sun, QN Liu, G Song, XY Battaglia, VS AF Zheng, Honghe Sun, Qingna Liu, Gao Song, Xiangyun Battaglia, Vincent S. TI Correlation between dissolution behavior and electrochemical cycling performance for LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2-based cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium ion batteries; Cathode; Charge voltage limit; Cycling performance; Battery failure mechanism ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIAL; SPINEL ELECTRODES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; CAPACITY LOSSES; MN DISSOLUTION; POWER; ELECTROLYTES; TEMPERATURE; MECHANISMS AB LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) cathode has wide operation voltage window. Dissolution behavior of the NCM cathode at different charge states in 1 M LiPF6/EC:DEC (1:1) electrolyte is determined with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique. Electrochemical cycling performance of the NCM-based cells in the electrolyte with different charge voltage limits is correlated with the dissolution of the active material. With increasing charge voltage limit, specific capacity and energy density of the electrode are significantly enhanced. However, cycle life of the cell based on NCM cathode and meso-carbon micro-bead (MCMB) anode is compromised at cutoff voltages >4.3 V. Mechanisms of the capacity decay for the full cell cycled with high charge voltage limit are investigated. Impedance rise of the graphite anode, which is resulted from deposition of the dissolved metal ions from the NCM cathode, is specified to be the main factor responsible for the cell failure. SEM observation and EDX analysis confirm the presence of Mn, Co, and Ni elements on the MCMB anode surface when the cell is cycled with high charge voltage limits. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Honghe; Sun, Qingna] Soochow Univ, Sch Energy, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Honghe; Liu, Gao; Song, Xiangyun; Battaglia, Vincent S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zheng, HH (reprint author), Soochow Univ, Sch Energy, 1 Shizi St, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM hhzheng66@yahoo.com.cn FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21073129] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 21073129). NR 34 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 16 U2 207 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 207 BP 134 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.122 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 924BX UT WOS:000302666800020 ER PT J AU Curtarolo, S Setyawan, W Wang, SD Xue, JK Yang, KS Taylor, RH Nelson, LJ Hart, GLW Sanvito, S Buongiorno-Nardelli, M Mingo, N Levy, O AF Curtarolo, Stefano Setyawan, Wahyu Wang, Shidong Xue, Junkai Yang, Kesong Taylor, Richard H. Nelson, Lance J. Hart, Gus L. W. Sanvito, Stefano Buongiorno-Nardelli, Marco Mingo, Natalio Levy, Ohad TI AFLOWLIB.ORG: A distributed materials properties repository from high-throughput ab initio calculations SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE High-throughput; Combinatorial materials science; Ab initio; AFLOW; Materials genome initiative ID BINARY-ALLOYS; ORDERED STRUCTURES; 1ST PRINCIPLES; DATABASE; METALS AB Empirical databases of crystal structures and thermodynamic properties are fundamental tools for materials research. Recent rapid proliferation of computational data on materials properties presents the possibility to complement and extend the databases where the experimental data is lacking or difficult to obtain. Enhanced repositories that integrate both computational and empirical approaches open novel opportunities for structure discovery and optimization, including uncovering of unsuspected compounds, metastable structures and correlations between various characteristics. The practical realization of these opportunities depends on a systematic compilation and classification of the generated data in addition to an accessible interface for the materials science community. In this paper we present an extensive repository, aflowlib.org, comprising phase-diagrams, electronic structure and magnetic properties, generated by the high-throughput framework AFLOW. This continuously updated compilation currently contains over 150,000 thermodynamic entries for alloys, covering the entire composition range of more than 650 binary systems, 13,000 electronic structure analyses of inorganic compounds, and 50,000 entries for novel potential magnetic and spintronics systems. The repository is available for the scientific community on the website of the materials research consortium, aflowlib.org. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Curtarolo, Stefano; Setyawan, Wahyu; Wang, Shidong; Xue, Junkai; Yang, Kesong; Taylor, Richard H.] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Curtarolo, Stefano] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Curtarolo, Stefano; Buongiorno-Nardelli, Marco] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nelson, Lance J.; Hart, Gus L. W.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Sanvito, Stefano] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Sanvito, Stefano] Trinity Coll Dublin, CRANN, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Buongiorno-Nardelli, Marco] Univ N Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Mingo, Natalio] CEA Grenoble, LITEN, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. [Levy, Ohad] Nucl Res Ctr Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. RP Curtarolo, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM stefano@duke.edu RI Wang, Shidong/H-3992-2012; Hart, Gus/B-6788-2011; Yang, Kesong/A-8568-2012 OI Hart, Gus/0000-0002-6149-9234; Yang, Kesong/0000-0002-9691-0636 FU ONR [N00014-11-1-0136, N00014-10-1-0436, N00014-09-1-0921]; NSF [DMR-0639822, DMR-0908753]; Department of Homeland Security - Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; Weizmann Institute of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE at Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC.; Science foundation of Ireland [07/IN.1/I945]; CRANN FX The authors acknowledge Gerbrand Ceder, Dane Morgan, Leeor Kronik, and Bobby Sumpter for fruitful discussions. Research supported by ONR (N00014-11-1-0136, N00014-10-1-0436, N00014-09-1-0921), NSF (DMR-0639822, DMR-0908753), and the Department of Homeland Security - Domestic Nuclear Detection Office. SC acknowledges support by the Feinberg fellowship at the Weizmann Institute of Science. MBN wishes to acknowledge partial support from the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE at Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. SS wishes to thank Science foundation of Ireland (07/IN.1/I945) and CRANN for financial support. Computational resources provided by Fulton Supercomputer Center at Brigham Young University, Teragrid (MCA-07S005), Trinity Center for High Performance Computing, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS2010-206), and the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 29 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 8 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 58 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.02.002 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 916QN UT WOS:000302118400031 ER PT J AU Duling, MG Stefaniak, AB Lawrence, RB Chipera, SJ Virji, MA AF Duling, Matthew G. Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Lawrence, Robert B. Chipera, Steve J. Virji, M. Abbas TI Release of beryllium from mineral ores in artificial lung and skin surface fluids SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Beryllium; Bioaccessibility; Minerals; Sensitization; Chronic beryllium disease; Exposure ID PHAGOLYSOSOMAL SIMULANT FLUID; SMECTITE DISSOLUTION; DISEASE; SENSITIZATION; OXIDE; PARTICLES; TOXICITY; FACILITY; RISK; PH AB Exposure to some manufactured beryllium compounds via skin contact or inhalation can cause sensitization. A portion of sensitized persons who inhale beryllium may develop chronic beryllium disease (CBD). Little is understood about exposures to naturally occurring beryllium minerals. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioaccessibility of beryllium from bertrandite ore. Dissolution of bertrandite from two mine pits (Monitor and Blue Chalk) was evaluated for both the dermal and inhalation exposure pathways by determining bioaccessibility in artificial sweat (pH 5.3 and pH 6.5), airway lining fluid (SUF, pH 7.3), and alveolar macrophage phagolysosomal fluid (PSF, pH 4.5). Significantly more beryllium was released from Monitor pit ore than Blue Chalk pit ore in artificial sweat buffered to pH 5.3 (0.88 +/- A 0.01% vs. 0.36 +/- A 0.00%) and pH 6.5 (0.09 +/- A 0.00% vs. 0.03 +/- A 0.01%). Rates of beryllium released from the ores in artificial sweat were faster than previously measured for manufactured forms of beryllium (e.g., beryllium oxide), known to induce sensitization in mice. In SUF, levels of beryllium were below the analytical limit of detection. In PSF, beryllium dissolution was biphasic (initial rapid diffusion followed by latter slower surface reactions). During the latter phase, dissolution half-times were 1,400 to 2,000 days, and rate constants were similar to 7 x 10(-10) g/(cm(2)center dot day), indicating that bertrandite is persistent in the lung. These data indicate that it is prudent to control skin and inhalation exposures to bertrandite dusts. C1 [Duling, Matthew G.; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Lawrence, Robert B.; Virji, M. Abbas] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Chipera, Steve J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Stefaniak, AB (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM AStefaniak@cdc.gov RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012 NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-4042 EI 1573-2983 J9 ENVIRON GEOCHEM HLTH JI Environ. Geochem. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 34 IS 3 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.1007/s10653-011-9421-3 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Water Resources GA 920NW UT WOS:000302413300002 PM 21866318 ER PT J AU Dai, S AF Dai, Steve TI Densification and crystallization in crystallizable low temperature co-fired ceramics SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GLASS AB This article reports the impact of one critical process parameter, the heating rate during sintering from 530 to 850 degrees C, on the densification of a crystallized low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC). At a low heating rate the densification of LTCC is impeded by the competing crystallization processes, resulting in less shrinkage, lower density and consequently lower dielectric constant. Microstructural evidence is provided to analyze the multiple crystalline phases formed during sintering process. It is concluded that an optimized sintering profile should have a heating rate that allows full densification prior to onset of crystallization, follow by a full crystallization to limit the amount of residual glass for enhanced dielectric properties. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Dai, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0959, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sxdai@sandia.gov FU Lockheed Martin Corporation; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The author thanks Dr Ping Lu for TEM analysis, Dr Mark Rodriguez for XRD work, Bonnie Mckenzie for SEM characterization, Tom Chavez and Dennis De Smet for help in sample fabrication and measurement, and Dr Kevin Ewsuk for his critical review of the manuscript. The author also would like to thank Mr Deepukumar M. Nair of DuPont Microelectronic Materials for validation measurement of dielectric constants and quality factors. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 11 BP 4579 EP 4584 DI 10.1007/s10853-012-6318-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 918JC UT WOS:000302244500009 ER PT J AU Portune, AR Hilton, CD AF Portune, Andrew R. Hilton, Corydon D. TI Quantifying uncertainty in load-hardness relationships SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; SIZE; CERAMICS; SOLIDS; LAW AB This article presents methodology for constructing a probability space that quantifies the load-hardness relationship in ceramics. Aspects of this space are indicative of uncertainties introduced by variations in material microstructure, instrument repeatability, and technician skill. The developed method is general in nature, and can be made specific to particular types of hardness measurements or equations used to describe the load-hardness relationship such as Meyer's law, the modified proportional specimen resistance model, and others. Construction of the probability space is accomplished by applying Bayesian hypothesis testing to determine the likelihood function of critical parameters of the chosen load-hardness equation. A demonstration of this methodology is presented for Vickers hardness measurements made at four applied loads on tungsten carbide. The utility of the technique in quantifying microstructural uncertainty is shown using Knoop hardness datasets for aluminum oxynitride and two types of silicon carbide. Analysis of the normality of hardness values was shown to provide an objective criterion for determining when enough measurements have been made to adequately describe material behavior. The probability spaces constructed for each material were used to quantify uncertainty in the load-hardness curve that would extend to predictions regarding microstructural features or performance based on this relationship. C1 [Portune, Andrew R.; Hilton, Corydon D.] ORISE, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Portune, AR (reprint author), ORISE, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM aportune@gmail.com FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USARL. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 47 IS 12 BP 4851 EP 4859 DI 10.1007/s10853-012-6347-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 918JJ UT WOS:000302245300009 ER PT J AU Zimmer, GB Hush, D Porter, R AF Zimmer, G. Beate Hush, Don Porter, Reid TI Ordered Hypothesis Machines SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL IMAGING AND VISION LA English DT Article DE Stack filters; Morphological networks; Pattern classification; Nearest neighbor classification ID STACK FILTERS; THRESHOLD DECOMPOSITION; CLASSIFICATION; CLASSIFIERS; FRAMEWORK AB Stack Filters are a class of non-linear filter typically used for noise suppression. Advantages of Stack Filters are their generality and the existence of efficient optimization algorithms under mean absolute error (Wendt et al. in IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. 34:898-910, 1986). In this paper we describe our recent efforts to use the class of Stack Filters for classification problems. This leads to a novel class of continuous domain classifiers which we call Ordered Hypothesis Machines (OHM). We develop convex optimization based learning algorithms for Ordered Hypothesis Machines and highlight their relationship to Support Vector Machines and Nearest Neighbor classifiers. We report on the performance on synthetic and real-world datasets including an application to change detection in remote sensing imagery. We conclude that OHM provides a novel way to reduce the number of exemplars used in Nearest Neighbor classifiers and achieves competitive performance to the more computationally expensive K-Nearest Neighbor method. C1 [Hush, Don; Porter, Reid] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zimmer, G. Beate] Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Dept Math & Stat, Corpus Christi, TX USA. RP Porter, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM beate.zimmer@tamucc.edu; rporter@lanl.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-9907 EI 1573-7683 J9 J MATH IMAGING VIS JI J. Math. Imaging Vis. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 43 IS 2 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.1007/s10851-011-0293-z PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 919RK UT WOS:000302346100003 ER PT J AU Deslippe, J Samsonidze, G Strubbe, DA Jain, M Cohen, ML Louie, SG AF Deslippe, Jack Samsonidze, Georgy Strubbe, David A. Jain, Manish Cohen, Marvin L. Louie, Steven G. TI BerkeleyGW: A massively parallel computer package for the calculation of the quasiparticle and optical properties of materials and nanostructures SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Many-body physics; GW; Bethe-Salpeter equation; Quasiparticle; Optics; Exciton ID AB-INITIO CALCULATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ELECTRON-HOLE INTERACTION; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; PSEUDOPOTENTIAL METHOD; WANNIER FUNCTIONS; SEMICONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; ENERGIES; SPECTRA AB BerkeleyGW is a massively parallel computational package for electron excited-state properties that is based on the many-body perturbation theory employing the ab initio GW and GW plus Bethe-Salpeter equation methodology. It can be used in conjunction with many density-functional theory codes for ground-state properties, including PARATEC, PARSEC, Quantum ESPRESSO, SIESTA, and Octopus. The package can be used to compute the electronic and optical properties of a wide variety of material systems from bulk semiconductors and metals to nanostructured materials and molecules. The package scales to 10000s of CPUs and can be used to study systems containing up to 100s of atoms. Program summary Program title: BerkeleyGW Catalogue identifier: AELG_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AELG_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Open source BSD License. See code for licensing details. No. of lines in distributed program. including test data, etc.: 576540 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 110608 809 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Fortran 90, C. C++, Python, Peri, BASH Computer: Linux/UNIX workstations or clusters Operating system: Tested on a variety of Linux distributions in parallel and serial as well as AIX and Mac OSX RAM: (50-2000) MB per CPU (Highly dependent on system size) Classification: 7.2, 7.3, 16.2, 18 External routines: BLAS, LAPACK, FFTW, ScaLAPACK (optional), MPI (optional). All available under open-source licenses. Nature of problem: The excited state properties of materials involve the addition or subtraction of electrons as well as the optical excitations of electron-hole pairs. The excited particles interact strongly with other electrons in a material system. This interaction affects the electronic energies, wavefunctions and lifetimes. It is well known that ground-state theories, such as standard methods based on density-functional theory, fail to correctly capture this physics. Solution method: We construct and solve the Dyson's equation for the quasiparticle energies and wavefunctions within the GW approximation for the electron self-energy. We additionally construct and solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the correlated electron-hole (exciton) wavefunctions and excitation energies. Restrictions: The material size is limited in practice by the computational resources available. Materials with up to 500 atoms per periodic cell can be studied on large HPCs. Additional comments: The distribution file for this program is approximately 110 Mbytes and therefore is not delivered directly when download or E-mail is requested. Instead a html file giving details of how the program can be obtained is sent. Running time: 1-1000 minutes (depending greatly on system size and processor number). (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Deslippe, Jack; Samsonidze, Georgy; Strubbe, David A.; Jain, Manish; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Deslippe, Jack; Samsonidze, Georgy; Strubbe, David A.; Jain, Manish; Cohen, Marvin L.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Deslippe, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 943-256, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jdeslip@gmail.com RI Jain, Manish/A-8303-2010; Samsonidze, Georgy/G-3613-2016 OI Jain, Manish/0000-0001-9329-6434; Samsonidze, Georgy/0000-0002-3759-1794 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05C1111231]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR10-1006184] FX J.D. and M.J. acknowledge support from the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05C1111231. G.S. acknowledges support under National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR10-1006184. D.A.S. acknowledges support from the NSF Graduate Fellowship Program. Computational resources have been provided by NSF through TeraGrid resources at NICS and by DOE at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's NERSC facility. NR 54 TC 178 Z9 178 U1 5 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 EI 1879-2944 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 183 IS 6 BP 1269 EP 1289 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2011.12.006 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 914ZI UT WOS:000301992100013 ER PT J AU Teule, F Addison, B Cooper, AR Ayon, J Henning, RW Benmore, CJ Holland, GP Yarger, JL Lewis, RV AF Teule, Florence Addison, Bennett Cooper, Alyssa R. Ayon, Joel Henning, Robert W. Benmore, Chris J. Holland, Gregory P. Yarger, Jeffery L. Lewis, Randolph V. TI Combining flagelliform and dragline spider silk motifs to produce tunable synthetic biopolymer fibers SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article DE synthetic silk fibers; mechanical properties; post-spinning; ssNMR; XRD; structure function; dragline; flagelliform ID SOLID-STATE NMR; C-13 CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; ANGLE SPINNING METHOD; BOMBYX-MORI FIBROIN; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NEPHILA-CLAVIPES; CONFORMATIONAL CHARACTERIZATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CAPTURE-SILK; PROTEINS AB The two Flag/MaSp 2 silk proteins produced recombinantly were based on the basic consensus repeat of the dragline silk spidroin 2 protein (MaSp 2) from the Nephila clavipes orb weaving spider. However, the proline-containing pentapeptides juxtaposed to the polyalanine segments resembled those found in the flagelliform silk protein (Flag) composing the web spiral: (GPGGX1 GPGGX2)2 with X1/X2 = A/A or Y/S. Fibers were formed from protein films in aqueous solutions or extruded from resolubilized protein dopes in organic conditions when the Flag motif was (GPGGX1 GPGGX2)2 with X1/X2 = Y/S or A/A, respectively. Post-fiber processing involved similar drawing ratios (22.5x) before or after water-treatment. Structural (ssNMR and XRD) and morphological (SEM) changes in the fibers were compared to the mechanical properties of the fibers at each step. Nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that the fraction of beta-sheet nanocrystals in the polyalanine regions formed upon extrusion, increased during stretching, and was maximized after water-treatment. X-ray diffraction showed that nanocrystallite orientation parallel to the fiber axis increased the ultimate strength and initial stiffness of the fibers. Water furthered nanocrystal orientation and three-dimensional growth while plasticizing the amorphous regions, thus producing tougher fibers due to increased extensibility. These fibers were highly hygroscopic and had similar internal network organization, thus similar range of mechanical properties that depended on their diameters. The overall structure of the consensus repeat of the silk-like protein dictated the mechanical properties of the fibers while protein molecular weight limited these same properties. Subtle structural motif re-design impacted protein self-assembly mechanisms and requirements for fiber formation. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 97: 418431, 2012. C1 [Teule, Florence; Cooper, Alyssa R.; Lewis, Randolph V.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Addison, Bennett; Ayon, Joel; Holland, Gregory P.; Yarger, Jeffery L.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Biochem & Chem, Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Henning, Robert W.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benmore, Chris J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, XRay Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Benmore, Chris J.; Yarger, Jeffery L.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Teule, F (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM florence.teule@usu.edu RI Yarger, Jeff/L-8748-2014; OI Yarger, Jeff/0000-0002-7385-5400; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 FU Department of Defense Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-10-1-0275, FA9550-09-0717]; Department of Energy [DE-SC0004791]; National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research [DMR-0805197]; Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR); U.S. DOE, Argonne National Laboratories [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Contract grant sponsor: Department of Defense Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Contract grant numbers: FA9550-10-1-0275, FA9550-09-0717; Contract grant sponsor: Department of Energy; Contract grant number: DE-SC0004791; Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research; Contract grant number: DMR-0805197; Contract grant sponsor: Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR); Contract grant sponsor: U.S. DOE, Argonne National Laboratories; Contract grant number: DE-AC02-06CH11357 NR 68 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD JUN PY 2012 VL 97 IS 6 SI SI BP 418 EP 431 DI 10.1002/bip.21724 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 911GW UT WOS:000301706300012 PM 22012252 ER PT J AU Lee, N Close, S Lauben, D Linscott, I Goel, A Johnson, T Yee, J Fletcher, A Srama, R Bugiel, S Mocker, A Colestock, P Green, S AF Lee, N. Close, S. Lauben, D. Linscott, I. Goel, A. Johnson, T. Yee, J. Fletcher, A. Srama, R. Bugiel, S. Mocker, A. Colestock, P. Green, S. TI Measurements of freely-expanding plasma from hypervelocity impacts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Plasma expansion; Hypervelocity impact; Meteoroid ID VELOCITY PARTICLE IMPACT; DUST PARTICLES; EMISSION; DEBRIS; RADIO; RING AB This paper details initial results from a study of electrical effects resulting from hypervelocity impacts at a Van de Graaff dust accelerator. Iron particles between 10(-15) g and 10(-10) g in mass were impacted on several different metallic targets at speeds of 1 km/s to 50 km/s. The goal of this study is to characterize the impact-generated plasma and associated RF emission. Results are presented from data collected using retarding potential analyzers. The rate of signal detection was found to have a dependence both on material and on target bias. From a single analyzer, some signal waveforms exhibited oscillatory behavior which is significant in determining the effect of impacts on spacecraft. Using two analyzers at different distances from the target, the expansion speed of the impact plasma was measured to be between 10 km/s and 30 km/s. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, N.; Close, S.; Goel, A.; Johnson, T.; Yee, J.; Fletcher, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lauben, D.; Linscott, I.] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Srama, R.; Bugiel, S.; Mocker, A.] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Raumfahrtsyst, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Colestock, P.; Green, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lee, N (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM nnlee@stanford.edu OI Lee, Nicolas/0000-0001-5500-1324 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory FX This study was sponsored by Los Alamos National Laboratory. The authors thank the personnel of the Cosmic Dust Group at MPIK for their support during the experiments. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 44 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.01.002 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 908EQ UT WOS:000301473600005 ER PT J AU Loeppky, JL Moore, LM Williams, BJ AF Loeppky, Jason L. Moore, Leslie M. Williams, Brian J. TI Projection array based designs for computer experiments SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article DE Computer experiment; Orthogonal array; Latin hypercube sample; Orthogonal array based Latin hypercube sample; Maximin distance ID ORTHOGONAL ARRAYS; INPUT VARIABLES AB In this paper we define a new class of designs for computer experiments. A projection array based design defines sets of simulation runs with properties that extend the conceptual properties of orthogonal array based Latin hypercube sampling, particularly to underlying design structures other than orthogonal arrays. Additionally, we illustrate how these designs can be sequentially augmented to improve the overall projection properties of the initial design or focus on interesting regions of the design space that need further exploration to improve the overall fit of the underlying response surface. We also illustrate how an initial Latin hypercube sample can be expressed as a projection array based design and show how one can augment these designs to improve higher dimensional space filling properties. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Loeppky, Jason L.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Math & Stat, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. [Moore, Leslie M.; Williams, Brian J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Loeppky, JL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Math & Stat, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. EM jason@stat.ubc.ca; lmoore@lanl.gov; brianw@lanl.gov OI Williams, Brian/0000-0002-3465-4972 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; C.C. Essix. Los Alamos National Laboratory; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The research of Loeppky was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The authors also acknowledge the support and encouragement of C.C. Essix. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 142 IS 6 BP 1493 EP 1505 DI 10.1016/j.jspi.2011.12.030 PG 13 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 910IH UT WOS:000301629900022 ER PT J AU Vanderlei, BA Hopkins, MM Fauci, LJ AF Vanderlei, Ben A. Hopkins, Matthew M. Fauci, Lisa J. TI ERROR ESTIMATION FOR IMMERSED INTERFACE SOLUTIONS SO DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-SERIES B LA English DT Article DE Immersed interface; error estimation; defect correction; discontinuous coefficients ID DISCONTINUOUS COEFFICIENTS; ELLIPTIC-EQUATIONS; SINGULAR SOURCES; BOUNDARY METHOD AB We present an error estimation method for immersed interface solutions of elliptic boundary value problems. As opposed to an asymptotic rate that indicates how the errors in the numerical method converge to zero, we seek a posteriori estimates of the errors, and their spatial distribution, for a given solution. Our estimate is based upon the classical idea of defect corrections, which requires the application of a higher-order discretization operator to a solution achieved with a lower-order discretization. Our model problem will be an elliptic boundary value problem in which the coefficients are discontinuous across an internal boundary. C1 [Vanderlei, Ben A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Math, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. [Hopkins, Matthew M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Fauci, Lisa J.] Tulane Univ, Dept Math, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Vanderlei, BA (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Math, 1984 Math Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. EM bvander@math.ubc.ca; mmhopki@sandia.gov; fauci@tulane.edu OI Fauci, Lisa/0000-0002-4477-8178 FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 1531-3492 J9 DISCRETE CONT DYN-B JI Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.-Ser. B PD JUN PY 2012 VL 17 IS 4 SI SI BP 1185 EP 1203 DI 10.3934/dcdsb.2012.17.1185 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 904EV UT WOS:000301177800007 ER PT J AU Baranov, NV Proshkin, AV Gubkin, AF Cervellino, A Michor, H Hilscher, G Gerasimov, EG Ehlers, G Frontzek, M Podlesnyak, A AF Baranov, N. V. Proshkin, A. V. Gubkin, A. F. Cervellino, A. Michor, H. Hilscher, G. Gerasimov, E. G. Ehlers, G. Frontzek, M. Podlesnyak, A. TI Enhanced survival of short-range magnetic correlations and frustrated interactions in R3T intermetallics SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Intermetallic; Magnetic property; Neutron diffraction and scattering ID F-D EXCHANGE; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GD3CO; GD3NI; HEAT; ORDER; R3NI AB Elastic and inelastic neutron scattering and magnetization measurements have been used to study peculiarities of the magnetic state in R3T compounds (R=Gd, Er, Tb; T=Ni, Co) below and above magnetic ordering temperatures. A pronounced non-Brillouin shape of the magnetization curves observed in the antiferromagnetic compounds Gd3Ni and Tb3Ni above their magnetic ordering temperatures together with earlier reported data about the retention of the magnetic contribution to the total specific heat of Gd3T and anomalous behavior of the electrical resistivity above magnetic ordering temperatures are ascribed to the existence of short-range magnetic correlations in the wide temperature range in the paramagnetic state. The persistence of short-range magnetic order up to temperatures greater than 5-6 times the Neel temperature has been revealed by powder neutron diffraction measurements performed for Tb3Ni and Tb3Co. On the other hand, results from inelastic neutron scattering show that the low temperature magnetic excitations are strongly suppressed in both Tb3Co and Er3Co. It is suggested that the extended short-range magnetic correlations, which turn out to be an inherent feature of R3T type compounds, are due to the layered crystal structure and to the difference between geometrically frustrated intra-layer exchange interactions and inter-layer exchange. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Baranov, N. V.; Proshkin, A. V.; Gubkin, A. F.; Gerasimov, E. G.] Inst Met Phys RAS, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia. [Baranov, N. V.; Proshkin, A. V.] Ural Fed Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Ekaterinburg 620083, Russia. [Cervellino, A.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Michor, H.; Hilscher, G.] TU Wien, Inst Festkoperphys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Ehlers, G.; Frontzek, M.; Podlesnyak, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Baranov, NV (reprint author), Inst Met Phys RAS, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia. EM nikolai.baranov@usu.ru RI Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Cervellino, Antonio/C-3007-2012; Frontzek, Matthias/C-5146-2012; Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013; Gubkin, Andrey/J-3240-2013; Gerasimov, Evgeny/J-3599-2013; Proshkin, Alexey/J-7180-2013; Baranov, Nikolai/J-5042-2013; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008; OI Frontzek, Matthias/0000-0001-8704-8928; Podlesnyak, Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319; Gubkin, Andrey/0000-0002-4280-7561; Gerasimov, Evgeny/0000-0002-1975-705X; Proshkin, Alexey/0000-0002-2631-6834; Baranov, Nikolai/0000-0002-9720-5314; Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X; Michor, Herwig/0000-0003-1642-5946 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [IB7420-110849]; RAS [12-T-2-1012]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation [16.518.11.7032]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation (Project no IB7420-110849), by the program of RAS (project 12-T-2-1012) and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Contract 16.518.11.7032). The research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 EI 1873-4766 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 324 IS 11 BP 1907 EP 1912 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.01.021 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 899CC UT WOS:000300789600008 ER PT J AU Pearce, RJH Antipenkov, A Bersier, JL Boussier, B Bryan, S Dremel, M Hughes, S Sekachev, I Worth, L Baylor, L Gardner, W Meitner, S Wikus, P Laesser, R Papastergiou, S AF Pearce, R. J. H. Antipenkov, A. Bersier, J. L. Boussier, B. Bryan, S. Dremel, M. Hughes, S. Sekachev, I. Worth, L. Baylor, L. Gardner, W. Meitner, S. Wikus, P. Laesser, R. Papastergiou, S. TI Gas species, their evolution and segregation through the ITER vacuum systems SO VACUUM LA English DT Article DE ITER; Vacuum system; Cryopump; Cryogenic viscous flow compressor (CVC); Argon-41 ID EXHAUST-GAS; JET AB This paper takes the ITER fueling requirements and current knowledge of gas balance and exhaust from operating tokamaks to predict all likely gas inputs into the ITER Vacuum systems. Areas where gas dynamics modeling is relevant to the ITER design are highlighted. The design and operation of the ITER vacuum system gives an element of segregation of different gas flows and species. This paper analyses the time dependent gas segregation in the vacuum system resulting from different temperature dependences of cryogenic sorption and condensation processes of different gas species. As a specific example, the optimal transfer of Ar-41 through the vacuum system is studied with respect to its decay and the resulting effects on the design of system components. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pearce, R. J. H.; Antipenkov, A.; Bersier, J. L.; Boussier, B.; Bryan, S.; Dremel, M.; Hughes, S.; Sekachev, I.; Worth, L.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Baylor, L.; Gardner, W.; Meitner, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Wikus, P.; Laesser, R.; Papastergiou, S.] Fus Energy, Barcelona 08019, Spain. RP Pearce, RJH (reprint author), ITER Org, Route Vinon Verdon, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM robert.pearce@iter.org NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0042-207X J9 VACUUM JI Vacuum PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 11 SI SI BP 1725 EP 1730 DI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2012.03.048 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 969AB UT WOS:000306027000012 ER PT J AU Sahu, SN Lewis, J Patel, I Bozdag, S Lee, JH LeClerc, JE Cinar, HN AF Sahu, Surasri N. Lewis, Jada Patel, Isha Bozdag, Serdar Lee, Jeong H. LeClerc, Joseph E. Cinar, Hediye Nese TI Genomic Analysis of Immune Response against Vibrio cholerae Hemolysin in Caenorhabditis elegans SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; EL-TOR HEMOLYSIN; INNATE IMMUNITY; BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS; VIRULENCE FACTORS; CELL VACUOLATION; C-ELEGANS; GENES; RECEPTOR; EXPRESSION AB Vibrio cholerae cytolysin (VCC) is among the accessory V. cholerae virulence factors that may contribute to disease pathogenesis in humans. VCC, encoded by hlyA gene, belongs to the most common class of bacterial toxins, known as pore-forming toxins (PFTs). V. cholerae infects and kills Caenorhabditis elegans via cholerae toxin independent manner. VCC is required for the lethality, growth retardation and intestinal cell vacuolation during the infection. However, little is known about the host gene expression responses against VCC. To address this question we performed a microarray study in C. elegans exposed to V. cholerae strains with intact and deleted hlyA genes. Many of the VCC regulated genes identified, including C-type lectins, Prion-like (glutamine [Q]/asparagine [N]-rich)-domain containing genes, genes regulated by insulin/IGF-1-mediated signaling (IIS) pathway, were previously reported as mediators of innate immune response against other bacteria in C. elegans. Protective function of the subset of the genes up-regulated by VCC was confirmed using RNAi. By means of a machine learning algorithm called FastMEDUSA, we identified several putative VCC induced immune regulatory transcriptional factors and transcription factor binding motifs. Our results suggest that VCC is a major virulence factor, which induces a wide variety of immune response-related genes during V. cholerae infection in C. elegans. C1 [Sahu, Surasri N.; Lee, Jeong H.; Cinar, Hediye Nese] US FDA, Div Virulence Assessment, Laurel, MD USA. [Lewis, Jada; Patel, Isha; LeClerc, Joseph E.] US FDA, Div Mol Biol, Laurel, MD USA. [Bozdag, Serdar] NCI, Neurooncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sahu, Surasri N.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Lee, Jeong H.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. RP Sahu, SN (reprint author), US FDA, Div Virulence Assessment, Laurel, MD USA. EM hediye.cinar@fda.hhs.gov NR 66 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e38200 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038200 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959TY UT WOS:000305338500108 PM 22675448 ER PT J AU Monti, M Santos, B Mascaraque, A de la Fuente, OR Nino, MA Mentes, TO Locatelli, A McCarty, KF Marco, JF de la Figuera, J AF Monti, M. Santos, B. Mascaraque, A. Rodriguez de la Fuente, O. Nino, M. A. Mentes, T. O. Locatelli, A. McCarty, K. F. Marco, J. F. de la Figuera, J. TI Oxidation Pathways in Bicomponent Ultrathin Iron Oxide Films SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; BAND-STRUCTURE; MAGNETITE; GAMMA-FE2O3; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; MECHANISM; OXYGEN; FE3O4 AB The reactive growth of ultrathin Fe oxide films on Ru(0001) has been studied and characterized using low-energy electron microscopy, diffraction, and laterally resolved spectroscopies. Under exposure to molecular oxygen at 900 K, we observed the growth of a bicomponent film composed of micrometer-sized flat triangular Fe3O4 (magnetite) islands on a FeO (wustite) wetting layer. Subsequent oxidation using NO2 at 600 K resulted in the chemical transformation of the initially grown film to a Fe2O3 composition but still in bicomponent form. The triangular magnetite islands evolve to gamma-Fe2O3 (maghemite), and the surrounding layer is converted to alpha-Fe2O3 (hematite). The evolution of both members of the bicomponent iron oxide films, wustite to hematite and magnetite to maghemite, can be understood by considering that both are topotactic transformations occurring by the diffusion of iron in octahedral sites to react with oxygen on the film's surface. C1 [Monti, M.; Santos, B.; Marco, J. F.; de la Figuera, J.] CSIC, Inst Quim Fis Rocasolano, Madrid 28006, Spain. [Nino, M. A.; Mentes, T. O.; Locatelli, A.] Elettra Sincrotrone SCpA, I-34149 Trieste, Italy. [Mascaraque, A.; Rodriguez de la Fuente, O.] Univ Complutense Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Mascaraque, A.; Rodriguez de la Fuente, O.] UCM, Unidad Asociada IQFR CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain. Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Nanociencia IMD, Madrid 28049, Spain. [McCarty, K. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Monti, M (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Quim Fis Rocasolano, Madrid 28006, Spain. EM mmonti@iqfr.csic.es RI Nino Orti, Miguel Angel/M-2571-2014; Marco, Jose/N-3176-2014; McCarty, Kevin/F-9368-2012; Rodriguez, Oscar/B-7118-2011; de la Figuera, Juan/E-7046-2010; Mascaraque, Arantzazu/D-9504-2012 OI Locatelli, Andrea/0000-0002-8072-7343; Nino Orti, Miguel Angel/0000-0003-3692-147X; Marco, Jose/0000-0002-5147-1449; Monti, Matteo/0000-0003-3595-4472; Mentes, Tevfik Onur/0000-0003-0413-9272; McCarty, Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X; Rodriguez, Oscar/0000-0002-6888-459X; de la Figuera, Juan/0000-0002-7014-4777; Mascaraque, Arantzazu/0000-0002-2614-2862 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [MAT2009-14578-C03-01, MAT2009-14578-C03-02, MAT2010-2115-6-C03-02]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; European Union [226716-ELISA]; MICINN through FPI FX This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) under Project Nos. MAT2009-14578-C03-01, MAT2009-14578-C03-02, and MAT2010-2115-6-C03-02, by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000, and by the European Union through 226716-ELISA. M.M. and B.S. thank the MICINN for supporting them through FPI fellowships. NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 21 BP 11539 EP 11547 DI 10.1021/jp300702d PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 949KG UT WOS:000304574500013 ER PT J AU Bourg, IC Steefel, CI AF Bourg, Ian C. Steefel, Carl I. TI Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Water Structure and Diffusion in Silica Nanopores SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE-CHARGE DENSITY; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; AMORPHOUS SILICA; CONFINED WATER; FORCE-FIELD; INTERFACIAL STRUCTURE; TRACER DIFFUSION; PHASE-TRANSITION; LIQUID WATER AB We present molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of water-filled silica nanopores such as those that occur in ordered oxide ceramics (MCM-41, SBA-15), controlled pore glasses (such as Vycor glass), mesoporous silica, bio-glasses, and hydrous silica gel coatings of weathered minerals and glasses. Our simulations overlap the range of pore diameters (1-4 nm) where confinement causes the disappearance of bulk-liquid-like water. In >= 2 nm diameter pores, the silica surface carries three statistical monolayers of density-layered water, interfacial water structure is independent of confinement or surface curvature, and bulk-liquid-like water exists at the center of the pore (this last finding contradicts assumptions used in most previous neutron diffraction studies and in several MD simulation studies of silica nanopores). In 1 nm diameter pores, bulk-liquid-like water does not exist and the structural properties of interfacial water are influenced by confinement. Predicted water diffusion coefficients in 1-4 nm diameter pores agree with quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) data and are roughly consistent with a very simple "core-shell" conceptual model whereupon the first statistical water monolayer is immobile and the rest of the pore water diffuses as rapidly as bulk liquid water. C1 [Bourg, Ian C.; Steefel, Carl I.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bourg, IC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM icbourg@lbl.gov RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010; Bourg, Ian/A-6405-2013; Chen, Hongyin/J-2955-2013; OI Chen, Hongyin/0000-0002-2534-0285; Bourg, Ian/0000-0002-5265-7229 FU Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was performed under the auspices of the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program and was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The quality of this manuscript was improved by comments from Benjamin Gilbert (LBNL) and from two anonymous reviewers. NR 102 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 15 U2 190 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 21 BP 11556 EP 11564 DI 10.1021/jp301299a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 949KG UT WOS:000304574500015 ER PT J AU Peng, S Okasinski, JS Almer, JD Ren, Y Wang, L Yang, WG Sun, YG AF Peng, Sheng Okasinski, John S. Almer, Jonathan D. Ren, Yang Wang, Lin Yang, Wenge Sun, Yugang TI Real-Time Probing of the Synthesis of Colloidal Silver Nanocubes with Time-Resolved High-Energy Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; NANOPARTICLE FORMATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOCRYSTALS; PHASE-CHANGE; GROWTH; RADIATION; KINETICS AB Understanding of the nucleation and growth mechanism of colloidal nanoparticles is of key importance for better design and synthesis of nanomaterials with precisely tailored properties. Such mechanistic studies require in situ techniques that probe the complex chemical and physical events involved in the formation of nanoparticles in real time. Here, we report the use of high-energy synchrotron X-ray beam as a unique probe to monitor the nanophase evolution involved in the synthesis of colloidal Ag nanocubes. Time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals that at least three nucleation and growth processes occur sequentially: the formation of AgCl nanocrystals, the formation of multiple-twinned Ag nanocrystals, and the solid-phase transition of the AgCl nanocrystals to single-crystalline Ag ones. In addition, quantitative analysis of the XRD patterns advances the understanding of reaction kinetics involved in these nucleation and growth processes. This time-resolved in situ technique can be applied to a great variety of solution-phase reactions for the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles. C1 [Peng, Sheng; Sun, Yugang] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Okasinski, John S.; Almer, Jonathan D.; Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wang, Lin; Yang, Wenge] HPSynC, Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sun, YG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ygsun@anl.gov RI Sun, Yugang /A-3683-2010; Yang, Wenge/H-2740-2012; WANG, LIN/G-7884-2012 OI Sun, Yugang /0000-0001-6351-6977; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE-BES [DE-SC0001057] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, the Advanced Photon Source (beamline 1-ID-C), and the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We acknowledge master glassblower Joseph S. Gregar for making the reaction vessel, and Dr. Yuzi Liu for help on the high-resolution TEM studies. LW. and W.Y. acknowledge EFree, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by DOE-BES under grant number DE-SC0001057. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 116 IS 21 BP 11842 EP 11847 DI 10.1021/jp304557p PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 949KG UT WOS:000304574500051 ER PT J AU Daligault, J AF Daligault, Jerome TI Diffusion in Ionic Mixtures across Coupling Regimes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VELOCITY CORRELATIONS; LONGITUDINAL MODES; TRANSVERSE MODES; SELF-DIFFUSION; YUKAWA SYSTEMS; PLASMA; INTERDIFFUSION; COEFFICIENTS; LIQUIDS AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the diffusion properties of one-component plasmas and binary ionic mixtures from the weakly to the strongly coupled regimes. A physically motivated model for the diffusivities is proposed that reproduces the simulation data and gives insight into the nature of ionic motions and interactions in plasmas across the coupling regimes. The model extends the widely used Chapman-Spitzer theory from the weakly to the moderately coupled regime. In the strongly coupled regime, diffusion is modeled in terms of thermally activated jumps between equilibrium positions separated by an energy barrier. The basic ideas discussed are applicable to the study of other transport coefficients. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Daligault, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM daligaul@lanl.gov FU Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36] FX This research is supported by the Department of Energy, under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. NR 25 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 22 AR 225004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.225004 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 950OK UT WOS:000304658400009 PM 23003608 ER PT J AU Huang, XR Siddons, DP Macrander, AT Peng, RW Wu, XS AF Huang, X. R. Siddons, D. P. Macrander, A. T. Peng, R. W. Wu, X. S. TI Multicavity X-Ray Fabry-Perot Resonance with Ultrahigh Resolution and Contrast SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFEROMETER; MONOCHROMATORS; REFLECTIVITY; DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING; PROPOSAL; OPTICS; LASER; PI/2 AB Realization of x-ray Fabry-Perot (FP) resonance in back-Bragg-reflection crystal cavities has been proposed and explored for many years, but to date no satisfactory performance has been achieved. Here we show that single-cavity crystal resonators intrinsically have limited finesse and efficiency. To break this limit, we demonstrate that monolithic multicavity resonators with equal-width cavities and specific plate thickness ratios can generate ultrahigh-resolution FP resonance with high efficiency, steep peak tails, and ultrahigh contrast simultaneously. The resonance mechanism is similar to that of sequentially cascaded single-cavity resonators. The ultranarrow-bandwidth FP resonance is anticipated to have various applications, including modern ultrahigh-resolution or precision x-ray monochromatization, spectroscopy, coherence purification, coherent diffraction, phase contrast imaging, etc. C1 [Huang, X. R.; Macrander, A. T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Siddons, D. P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Peng, R. W.; Wu, X. S.] Nanjing Univ, Coll Phys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Peng, R. W.; Wu, X. S.] Nanjing Univ, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Huang, XR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM xiahuang@aps.anl.gov; rwpeng@nju.edu.cn FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DEAC-02-98CH10886]; MOST of China [2012CB921502, 2010CB630705]; NSFC [11034005, 61077023, 11021403, 10974081, 10971079]; Jiangsu Province [BK2008012]; National Key Projects for Basic Researches of China [2010CB923404] FX X. R. H. thanks L. Young, C. Jacobsen, and L. Assoufid for helpful discussions and support. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contracts No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DEAC-02-98CH10886. R. W. P. was supported by the MOST of China (Grants No. 2012CB921502 and 2010CB630705), the NSFC (Grants No. 11034005, 61077023, and 11021403), and partly by Jiangsu Province Grant No. BK2008012. X. S. W. was supported by the National Key Projects for Basic Researches of China (Grant No. 2010CB923404) and the NSFC (Grants No. 10974081 and 10971079). NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 22 AR 224801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.224801 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 950OK UT WOS:000304658400008 PM 23003604 ER PT J AU Karrasch, C Bardarson, JH Moore, JE AF Karrasch, C. Bardarson, J. H. Moore, J. E. TI Finite-Temperature Dynamical Density Matrix Renormalization Group and the Drude Weight of Spin-1/2 Chains SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB We propose an easily implemented approach to study time-dependent correlation functions of one-dimensional systems at finite-temperature T using the density matrix renormalization group. The entanglement growth inherent to any time-dependent calculation is significantly reduced if the auxiliary degrees of freedom which purify the statistical operator are time evolved with the physical Hamiltonian but reversed time. We exploit this to investigate the long-time behavior of current correlation functions of the XXZ spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain. This allows a direct extraction of the Drude weight D at intermediate to large T. We find that D is nonzero-and thus transport is dissipationless-everywhere in the gapless phase. At low temperatures we establish an upper bound to D by comparing with bosonization. C1 [Karrasch, C.; Bardarson, J. H.; Moore, J. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 95720 USA. [Bardarson, J. H.; Moore, J. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Karrasch, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 95720 USA. RI Moore, Joel/O-4959-2016; Karrasch, Christoph/S-5716-2016 OI Moore, Joel/0000-0002-4294-5761; Karrasch, Christoph/0000-0002-6475-3584 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [KA3360-1/1]; DOE BES; ARO OLE FX We thank T. Barthel and J. Sirker for sending us their DMRG data, acknowledge discussions with T. Prosen, and are grateful for support to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via KA3360-1/1 (C. K.), DOE BES (J. H. B.), and the ARO OLE program (J. E. M.). NR 37 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 22 AR 227206 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.227206 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 950OK UT WOS:000304658400023 PM 23003649 ER PT J AU Luo, W Brash, EJ Gilman, R Jones, MK Meziane, M Pentchev, L Perdrisat, CF Puckett, AJR Punjabi, V Wesselmann, FR Ahmidouch, A Albayrak, I Aniol, KA Arrington, J Asaturyan, A Ates, O Baghdasaryan, H Benmokhtar, F Bertozzi, W Bimbot, L Bosted, P Boeglin, W Butuceanu, C Carter, P Chernenko, S Christy, ME Commisso, M Cornejo, JC Covrig, S Danagoulian, S Daniel, A Davidenko, A Day, D Dhamija, S Dutta, D Ent, R Frullani, S Fenker, H Frlez, E Garibaldi, F Gaskell, D Gilad, S Goncharenko, Y Hafidi, K Hamilton, D Higinbotham, DW Hinton, W Horn, T Hu, B Huang, J Huber, GM Jensen, E Kang, H Keppel, C Khandaker, M King, P Kirillov, D Kohl, M Kravtsov, V Kumbartzki, G Li, Y Mamyan, V Margaziotis, DJ Markowitz, P Marsh, A Matulenko, Y Maxwell, J Mbianda, G Meekins, D Melnik, Y Miller, J Mkrtchyan, A Mkrtchyan, H Moffit, B Moreno, O Mulholland, J Narayan, A Nuruzzaman Nedev, S Piasetzky, E Pierce, W Piskunov, NM Prok, Y Ransome, RD Razin, DS Reimer, PE Reinhold, J Rondon, O Shabestari, M Shahinyan, A Shestermanov, K Sirca, S Sitnik, I Smykov, L Smith, G Solovyev, L Solvignon, P Strakovsky, II Subedi, R Suleiman, R Tomasi-Gustafsson, E Vasiliev, A Veilleux, M Wood, S Ye, Z Zanevsky, Y Zhang, X Zhang, Y Zheng, X Zhu, L AF Luo, W. Brash, E. J. Gilman, R. Jones, M. K. Meziane, M. Pentchev, L. Perdrisat, C. F. Puckett, A. J. R. Punjabi, V. Wesselmann, F. R. Ahmidouch, A. Albayrak, I. Aniol, K. A. Arrington, J. Asaturyan, A. Ates, O. Baghdasaryan, H. Benmokhtar, F. Bertozzi, W. Bimbot, L. Bosted, P. Boeglin, W. Butuceanu, C. Carter, P. Chernenko, S. Christy, M. E. Commisso, M. Cornejo, J. C. Covrig, S. Danagoulian, S. Daniel, A. Davidenko, A. Day, D. Dhamija, S. Dutta, D. Ent, R. Frullani, S. Fenker, H. Frlez, E. Garibaldi, F. Gaskell, D. Gilad, S. Goncharenko, Y. Hafidi, K. Hamilton, D. Higinbotham, D. W. Hinton, W. Horn, T. Hu, B. Huang, J. Huber, G. M. Jensen, E. Kang, H. Keppel, C. Khandaker, M. King, P. Kirillov, D. Kohl, M. Kravtsov, V. Kumbartzki, G. Li, Y. Mamyan, V. Margaziotis, D. J. Markowitz, P. Marsh, A. Matulenko, Y. Maxwell, J. Mbianda, G. Meekins, D. Melnik, Y. Miller, J. Mkrtchyan, A. Mkrtchyan, H. Moffit, B. Moreno, O. Mulholland, J. Narayan, A. Nuruzzaman Nedev, S. Piasetzky, E. Pierce, W. Piskunov, N. M. Prok, Y. Ransome, R. D. Razin, D. S. Reimer, P. E. Reinhold, J. Rondon, O. Shabestari, M. Shahinyan, A. Shestermanov, K. Sirca, S. Sitnik, I. Smykov, L. Smith, G. Solovyev, L. Solvignon, P. Strakovsky, I. I. Subedi, R. Suleiman, R. Tomasi-Gustafsson, E. Vasiliev, A. Veilleux, M. Wood, S. Ye, Z. Zanevsky, Y. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zheng, X. Zhu, L. CA GEp-III Collaboration GEp2 Collaboration TI Polarization Components in pi(0) Photoproduction at Photon Energies up to 5.6 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DEUTERON; PHOTODISINTEGRATION; MOMENTUM AB We present new data for the polarization observables of the final state proton in the H-1((gamma) over right arrow, (p) over right arrow)pi(0) reaction. These data can be used to test predictions based on hadron helicity conservation and perturbative QCD. These data have both small statistical and systematic uncertainties and were obtained with beam energies between 1.8 and 5.6 GeV and for pi(0) scattering angles larger than 75 degrees in the center-of-mass frame. The data extend the polarization measurements database for neutral pion photoproduction up to E-gamma = 5.6 GeV. The results show a nonzero induced polarization above the resonance region. The polarization transfer components vary rapidly with the photon energy and pi(0) scattering angle in the center-of-mass frame. This indicates that hadron helicity conservation does not hold and that the perturbative QCD limit is still not reached in the energy regime of this experiment. C1 [Luo, W.; Hu, B.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Y.] Lanzhou Univ, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Brash, E. J.; Carter, P.; Jensen, E.; Marsh, A.; Pierce, W.; Prok, Y.; Veilleux, M.] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Brash, E. J.; Gilman, R.; Jones, M. K.; Bosted, P.; Covrig, S.; Ent, R.; Fenker, H.; Gaskell, D.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Horn, T.; Meekins, D.; Smith, G.; Suleiman, R.; Wood, S.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Gilman, R.; Kumbartzki, G.; Ransome, R. D.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Meziane, M.; Pentchev, L.; Perdrisat, C. F.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Puckett, A. J. R.; Bertozzi, W.; Gilad, S.; Huang, J.; Moffit, B.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Puckett, A. J. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Punjabi, V.; Wesselmann, F. R.; Hinton, W.; Khandaker, M.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [Ahmidouch, A.; Danagoulian, S.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Albayrak, I.; Ates, O.; Christy, M. E.; Keppel, C.; Kohl, M.; Li, Y.; Ye, Z.; Zhu, L.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Aniol, K. A.; Cornejo, J. C.; Margaziotis, D. J.; Moreno, O.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Arrington, J.; Hafidi, K.; Reimer, P. E.; Solvignon, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Asaturyan, A.; Mkrtchyan, A.; Mkrtchyan, H.; Shahinyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Baghdasaryan, H.; Commisso, M.; Day, D.; Frlez, E.; Mamyan, V.; Maxwell, J.; Mulholland, J.; Rondon, O.; Shabestari, M.; Subedi, R.; Zheng, X.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Benmokhtar, F.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Bimbot, L.; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.] CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Bimbot, L.; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.] Univ Paris 11, Orsay, France. [Boeglin, W.; Dhamija, S.; Markowitz, P.; Reinhold, J.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Butuceanu, C.; Huber, G. M.] Univ Regina, Regina, SK S4S OA2, Canada. [Chernenko, S.; Kirillov, D.; Piskunov, N. M.; Razin, D. S.; Sitnik, I.; Smykov, L.; Zanevsky, Y.] JINR LHE, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia. [Daniel, A.; King, P.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Davidenko, A.; Goncharenko, Y.; Kravtsov, V.; Matulenko, Y.; Melnik, Y.; Shestermanov, K.; Solovyev, L.; Vasiliev, A.] IHEP, Protvino 142284, Moscow Region, Russia. [Dutta, D.; Narayan, A.; Nuruzzaman] Mississippi State Univ, Starkeville, MS 39762 USA. [Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.] Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Hamilton, D.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Kang, H.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Mbianda, G.] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Miller, J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Nedev, S.] Univ Chem Technol & Met, BU-1756 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Piasetzky, E.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Sirca, S.] Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Strakovsky, I. I.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.] CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Hu, B (reprint author), Lanzhou Univ, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. EM hubt@lzu.edu.cn RI Arrington, John/D-1116-2012; Day, Donal/C-5020-2015; Narayan, Amrendra/Q-3243-2016; Ye, Zhihong/E-6651-2017; Rondon Aramayo, Oscar/B-5880-2013; Frlez, Emil/B-6487-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Mamyan, Vahe/K-4778-2012; Higinbotham, Douglas/J-9394-2014 OI Luo, Weidong/0000-0003-3829-1547; Arrington, John/0000-0002-0702-1328; Day, Donal/0000-0001-7126-8934; Narayan, Amrendra/0000-0003-3814-9559; Ye, Zhihong/0000-0002-1873-2344; King, Paul/0000-0002-3448-2306; Higinbotham, Douglas/0000-0003-2758-6526 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Italian Institute for Nuclear Research; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; DOE, under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) FX We thank A. Afanasev for discussions of his model and acknowledge the Hall C technical staff and the Jefferson Lab Accelerator Division for their outstanding support during the experiment. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Italian Institute for Nuclear Research, the French Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. This work is supported by DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 22 AR 222004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.222004 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 950OK UT WOS:000304658400003 PM 23180491 ER PT J AU Disseler, SM Dhital, C Hogan, TC Amato, A Giblin, SR de la Cruz, C Daoud-Aladine, A Wilson, SD Graf, MJ AF Disseler, S. M. Dhital, Chetan Hogan, T. C. Amato, A. Giblin, S. R. de la Cruz, Clarina Daoud-Aladine, A. Wilson, Stephen D. Graf, M. J. TI Magnetic order and the electronic ground state in the pyrochlore iridate Nd2Ir2O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB We report a muon spin relaxation/rotation, bulk magnetization, neutron scattering, and transport study of the electronic properties of Nd2Ir2O7. We observe the onset of strongly hysteretic behavior in the temperature-dependent magnetization below 120 K, and an abrupt increase in the temperature-dependent resistivity below 8 K. Muon spin relaxation measurements show that the hysteretic magnetization is driven by a transition to a magnetically disordered state, and below 8 K a magnetically ordered ground state sets in, as evidenced by the onset of spontaneous muon precession. Our measurements point toward the absence of a true metal-to-insulator phase transition in this material and suggest that Nd2Ir2O7 may lie within or on the metallic side of the boundary of the Dirac semimetal regime within its topological phase diagram. C1 [Disseler, S. M.; Dhital, Chetan; Hogan, T. C.; Wilson, Stephen D.; Graf, M. J.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Amato, A.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Giblin, S. R.; Daoud-Aladine, A.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [de la Cruz, Clarina] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Disseler, SM (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. RI dela Cruz, Clarina/C-2747-2013; Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013; Dhital, Chetan/O-5634-2016; OI dela Cruz, Clarina/0000-0003-4233-2145; Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498; Dhital, Chetan/0000-0001-8125-6048; Disseler, Steven/0000-0002-5079-6145 FU National Science Foundation Materials World Network [DMR-0710525]; NSF [DMR-1056625]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX We would like to acknowledge very helpful discussions with Ying Ran. This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation Materials World Network Grant No. DMR-0710525 (M.J.G.) and by NSF CAREER Award No. DMR-1056625 (S. D. W.). Muon experiments were performed at the ISIS Muon Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratories (UK) and the Swiss Muon Source at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Switzerland). Part of this work was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory High Flux Isotope Reactor, sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 69 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 17 AR 174441 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.174441 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950JZ UT WOS:000304646700001 ER PT J AU da Silva, MVS David, DGF Pepe, I da Silva, AF de Almeida, JS Gazoto, AL dos Santos, AO Cardoso, LP Meneses, EA Graybill, DL Mertes, KM AF da Silva, M. V. S. David, D. G. F. Pepe, I. Ferreira da Silva, A. de Almeida, J. S. Gazoto, A. L. dos Santos, A. O. Cardoso, L. P. Meneses, E. A. Graybill, D. L. Mertes, K. M. TI Structural, optical and electrical properties of indium nitride polycrystalline films SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE Indium nitride; Sputtering; Energy gap; Microstructure; Theoretical modeling ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; BAND-GAP; INN; OXIDATION; GROWTH AB The structural, optical and electrical properties of InN polycrystalline films on glass substrate are investigated by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman scattering measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, optical spectroscopy, and electrical measurements as a function of the inverse of temperature. The absorption edge for the films is most likely due to an impurity band formed by the presence of defects in the material. Such an impurity band, located at 1.6 eV extends itself to about 1.8 eV above the Fermi level, and it is attributed to nitrogen vacancies present in the material. The Raman scattering data also reveal the incorporation of oxygen in the InN films, leading to the formation of the In2O3 amorphous phase during the process of sputtering. Additionally, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the valence band, which is highly desirable to the determination of the Fermi level, confirms the optical gap energy. Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction patterns of the thinner films present broader peaks, indicating high values for the strain between the film lattice and the glass substrate. Finally, first principles calculations are used to investigate the optical properties of InN and also to support the experimental findings. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [da Silva, M. V. S.; David, D. G. F.; Pepe, I.; Ferreira da Silva, A.; de Almeida, J. S.] Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Gazoto, A. L.; dos Santos, A. O.; Cardoso, L. P.; Meneses, E. A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, IFGW, BR-13083859 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [dos Santos, A. O.] Univ Fed Maranhao, CCSST, BR-65900410 Imperatriz, MA, Brazil. [Mertes, K. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP da Silva, MVS (reprint author), Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Fis, Campus Ondina, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. EM marcus.sansil@gmail.com RI de Almeida, Jailton Souza/A-8116-2008; Cardoso, Lisandro/G-5766-2012; Oliveira Dos Santos, Adenilson /B-9529-2013; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017 OI de Almeida, Jailton Souza/0000-0002-4942-9460; Cardoso, Lisandro/0000-0003-3910-2293; Oliveira Dos Santos, Adenilson /0000-0002-2248-5104; FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)/Brasil; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB)/Brasil; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)/Brasil FX This work was financially supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)/Brasil, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB)/Brasil, and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)/Brasil. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD MAY 31 PY 2012 VL 520 IS 15 BP 4848 EP 4852 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.03.008 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 949HW UT WOS:000304568300005 ER PT J AU Deng, Y Jiang, YH Yang, YF He, ZL Luo, F Zhou, JZ AF Deng, Ye Jiang, Yi-Huei Yang, Yunfeng He, Zhili Luo, Feng Zhou, Jizhong TI Molecular ecological network analyses SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Ecological network; Random Matrix Theory; Microbial community; Microbiological ecology; Network interaction; Environmental changes ID SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS; SINGULAR-VALUE DECOMPOSITION; ANIMAL MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; GENE-EXPRESSION DATA; RANDOM-MATRIX THEORY; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONAL-ORGANIZATION; COEXPRESSION NETWORKS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES AB Background: Understanding the interaction among different species within a community and their responses to environmental changes is a central goal in ecology. However, defining the network structure in a microbial community is very challenging due to their extremely high diversity and as-yet uncultivated status. Although recent advance of metagenomic technologies, such as high throughout sequencing and functional gene arrays, provide revolutionary tools for analyzing microbial community structure, it is still difficult to examine network interactions in a microbial community based on high-throughput metagenomics data. Results: Here, we describe a novel mathematical and bioinformatics framework to construct ecological association networks named molecular ecological networks (MENs) through Random Matrix Theory (RMT)-based methods. Compared to other network construction methods, this approach is remarkable in that the network is automatically defined and robust to noise, thus providing excellent solutions to several common issues associated with high-throughput metagenomics data. We applied it to determine the network structure of microbial communities subjected to long-term experimental warming based on pyrosequencing data of 16 S rRNA genes. We showed that the constructed MENs under both warming and unwarming conditions exhibited topological features of scale free, small world and modularity, which were consistent with previously described molecular ecological networks. Eigengene analysis indicated that the eigengenes represented the module profiles relatively well. In consistency with many other studies, several major environmental traits including temperature and soil pH were found to be important in determining network interactions in the microbial communities examined. To facilitate its application by the scientific community, all these methods and statistical tools have been integrated into a comprehensive Molecular Ecological Network Analysis Pipeline (MENAP), which is open-accessible now (http://ieg2.ou.edu/MENA). Conclusions: The RMT-based molecular ecological network analysis provides powerful tools to elucidate network interactions in microbial communities and their responses to environmental changes, which are fundamentally important for research in microbial ecology and environmental microbiology. C1 [Deng, Ye; Jiang, Yi-Huei; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Deng, Ye; Jiang, Yi-Huei; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Yang, Yunfeng; Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Deng, Ye] Glomics Inc, Norman, OK 73072 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Luo, Feng] Clemson Univ, Sch Comp, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jzhou@ou.edu RI Yang, Yunfeng/H-9853-2013; OI Yang, Yunfeng/0000-0001-8274-6196; He, Zhili/0000-0001-8225-7333; ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomics: GTL Foundational Science (as part of ENIGMA, a Scientific Focus Area) [DE-SC0004613, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomics: GTL Foundational Science [DE-SC0004601]; United States Department of Agriculture through NSF-USDA [2007-35319-18305]; Oklahoma Bioenergy Center (OBC) of State of Oklahoma; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control at Tsinghua University [11Z03ESPCT] FX This work has been supported, through contract DE-SC0004613 and contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 (as part of ENIGMA, a Scientific Focus Area) and contract DE-SC0004601, by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomics: GTL Foundational Science, the United States Department of Agriculture (Project 2007-35319-18305) through NSF-USDA Microbial Observatories Program, the Oklahoma Bioenergy Center (OBC) of State of Oklahoma, and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (Grant 11Z03ESPCT) at Tsinghua University. NR 100 TC 62 Z9 73 U1 24 U2 161 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 113 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-13-113 PG 20 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 996FM UT WOS:000308070200001 PM 22646978 ER PT J AU Young, JC Dill, BD Pan, CL Hettich, RL Banfield, JF Shah, M Fremaux, C Horvath, P Barrangou, R VerBerkmoes, NC AF Young, Jacque C. Dill, Brian D. Pan, Chongle Hettich, Robert L. Banfield, Jillian F. Shah, Manesh Fremaux, Christophe Horvath, Philippe Barrangou, Rodolphe VerBerkmoes, Nathan C. TI Phage-Induced Expression of CRISPR-Associated Proteins Is Revealed by Shotgun Proteomics in Streptococcus thermophilus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; COMMUNITY PROTEOMICS; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RNA; DNA; BACTERIA; PROKARYOTES; TRANSCRIPTION AB The CRISPR/Cas system, comprised of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats along with their associated (Cas) proteins, protects bacteria and archaea from viral predation and invading nucleic acids. While the mechanism of action for this acquired immunity is currently under investigation, the response of Cas protein expression to phage infection has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we employed shotgun proteomics to measure the global proteome expression in a model system for studying the CRISPR/Cas response in S. thermophilus DGCC7710 infected with phage 2972. Host and viral proteins were simultaneously measured following inoculation at two different multiplicities of infection and across various time points using two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Thirty-seven out of forty predicted viral proteins were detected, including all proteins of the structural virome and viral effector proteins. In total, 1,013 of 2,079 predicted S. thermophilus proteins were detected, facilitating the monitoring of host protein synthesis changes in response to virus infection. Importantly, Cas proteins from all four CRISPR loci in the S. thermophilus DGCC7710 genome were detected, including loci previously thought to be inactive. Many Cas proteins were found to be constitutively expressed, but several demonstrated increased abundance following infection, including the signature Cas9 proteins from the CRISPR1 and CRISPR3 loci, which are key players in the interference phase of the CRISPR/Cas response. Altogether, these results provide novel insights into the proteomic response of S. thermophilus, specifically CRISPR-associated proteins, upon phage 2972 infection. C1 [Young, Jacque C.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA. [Young, Jacque C.; Dill, Brian D.; Pan, Chongle; Hettich, Robert L.; Shah, Manesh; VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fremaux, Christophe; Horvath, Philippe] DuPont Nutr & Hlth, Dange St Romain, France. [Barrangou, Rodolphe] DuPont Nutr & Hlth, Madison, WI USA. RP Young, JC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA. EM verberkmoesn@ornl.gov RI Barrangou, Rodolphe/I-2878-2014; HORVATH, Philippe/K-5266-2015; Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016; OI Barrangou, Rodolphe/0000-0002-0648-3504; HORVATH, Philippe/0000-0003-2015-8123; Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; Dill, Brian/0000-0002-4532-3044 FU US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program [DE-FG02-07ER64505]; Danisco FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; grant number DE-FG02-07ER64505. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding received for this study.; The authors have read the journal's policy and have the following conflicts: authors Rodolphe Barrangou, Christophe Fremaux, and Philippe Horvath are supported and employed by Danisco and are co-inventors on patents and patent applications relating to various uses of CRISPR technologies (patent number 7,919,277: Detection and Typing of Bacterial Strains, and patent applications 20110300538: Bifidobacteria CRISPR Sequences, 20110002889: Cultures with Improved Phage Resistance, 20100104690: Tagged Microorganisms and Methods of Tagging, 20100093617: Use, 20080124725: Tagged Microorganisms and Methods of Tagging). They do not, however, have financial interests such as stock, equity nor consultancies. Further, their affiliation and inventorships do not impact their scientific objectivity. There are no other patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors. NR 52 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 39 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 AR e38077 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038077 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 959YF UT WOS:000305353400078 PM 22666452 ER PT J AU Zou, ZX Wang, J Wang, H Li, YQ Lin, YH AF Zou, Zhe-Xiang Wang, Jun Wang, Hua Li, Yao-Qun Lin, Yuehe TI An integrated electrochemical device based on immunochromatographic test strip and enzyme labels for sensitive detection of disease-related biomarkers SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Immunochromarographic test strip assay; Horseradish peroxidase; Hepatitis B surface antigen; Disease-related biomarker ID B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; HEPATITIS-B; FLUORESCENCE IMMUNOASSAY; LIPOSOME IMMUNOASSAY; FLOW SYSTEM; WHOLE-BLOOD; ASSAY; IMMUNOSENSOR; ELISA AB A novel electrochemical biosensing device that integrates an immunochromatographic test strip and a screen-printed electrode (SPE) connected to a portable electrochemical analyzer was presented for rapid, sensitive, and quantitative detection of disease-related biomarker in human blood samples. The principle of the sensor is based on sandwich immunoreactions between a biomarker and a pair of its antibodies on the test strip, followed by highly sensitive square-wave voltammetry (SWV) detection. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used as a signal reporter for electrochemical readout. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was employed as a model protein biomarker to demonstrate the analytical performance of the sensor in this study. Some critical parameters governing the performance of the sensor were investigated in detail. Under optimal conditions, this sensor was capable of detecting a minimum of 0.3 ng mL(-1) (S/N = 3) HBsAg with a wide linear concentration range from 1 to 500 ng mL-1. The sensor was further utilized to detect HBsAg spiked in human plasma with an average recovery of 91.3%. In comparison, a colorimetric immunochromatographic test strip assay (ITSA) was also conducted. The result shows that the SWV detection in the electrochemical sensor is much more sensitive for the quantitative determination of HBsAg than the colorimetric detection, indicating that such a sensor is a promising platform for rapid and sensitive point-of-care testing/screening of disease-related biomarkers in a large population. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zou, Zhe-Xiang; Li, Yao-Qun] Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, Peoples R China. [Zou, Zhe-Xiang; Li, Yao-Qun] Xiamen Univ, Key Lab Analyt Sci, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, Peoples R China. [Zou, Zhe-Xiang; Wang, Jun; Wang, Hua; Lin, Yuehe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Li, YQ (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Dept Chem, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, Peoples R China. EM yqlig@xmu.edu.cn; yuehe.lin@pnl.gov RI Li, YQ/G-3389-2010; Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH [U54 OH008173-01]; National Institutes of Health Counter through National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH [U01 NS058161-01]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [20975084]; DOE by Battelle [DE-AC05-76L01830]; China Scholarship Council; PNNL FX This work was conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and supported partially by grant U54 OH008173-01 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH and grant U01 NS058161-01 from the National Institutes of Health Counter ACT Program through the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH. This work was also supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20975084). The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the federal government. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76L01830. Zou would like to acknowledge the fellowship from the China Scholarship Council and the fellowship from PNNL. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 94 BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.02.046 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 957MO UT WOS:000305167300008 PM 22608414 ER PT J AU Zhang, WY Demydov, D Jahan, MP Mistry, K Erdemir, A Malshe, AP AF Zhang, Wenyang Demydov, Dmytro Jahan, Muhammad P. Mistry, Kuldeep Erdemir, Ali Malshe, Ajay P. TI Fundamental understanding of the tribological and thermal behavior of Ag-MoS2 nanoparticle-based multi-component lubricating system SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE Solid lubricants; Lubricant additives; Boundary lubrication; Nanotribology; Tribochemistry; High temperature ID FULLERENE-LIKE NANOPARTICLES; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS; MOO3-AG2O SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; FRICTION; ADDITIVES; WEAR; PARTICLES; NANOTUBES AB The objective of this study is to investigate the tribological and thermal properties of the recently developed Ag-MoS2 nanoparticle-based multi-component lubricating system. To obtain greater tribofilm durability and to enhance the tribological and thermal properties of MoS2, a chemo-mechanical processing method has been developed for the synthesis of composite silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) incorporated into MoS2 nanoparticles (nMoS(2)). In order to characterize and investigate thermal and tribological behavior of the Ag-MoS2 hybrid system, four different Ag compositions were studied, ranging from 2 to 25 wt. % in MoS2. Different characterization techniques have been used to examine structural properties, silver content, particle size, and particle size distribution. The characterization results showed that the Ag NPs were successfully embedded into nMoS(2) with particle sizes lower than 300 nm for 90% of agglomerated particles and 100 nm for most of de-agglomerated particles with no phase change of the system. The increase of internal strain of nMoS(2) from the order of 0.002 to 0.02 was confirmed by XRD after the successful embedding of Ag NPs into nMoS(2). In addition, the chemical and thermal analysis showed that silver molybdate was formed at temperatures above 450 degrees C, which demonstrates that this multicomponent system should be very effective for high temperature applications. The tribological tests revealed that nMoS(2) - 2 wt. % Ag results in 15-20% reduction in friction under boundary lubricated sliding conditions and 30-37% reduction in wear. Therefore, the addition of Ag nanoparticles at an optimum concentration can significantly enhance the thermal and tribological performance of the developed Ag-MoS2 hybrid system. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Wenyang; Jahan, Muhammad P.; Malshe, Ajay P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, MMRL, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Demydov, Dmytro; Malshe, Ajay P.] NanoMech LLC, Springdale, AR 72764 USA. [Mistry, Kuldeep; Erdemir, Ali] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Malshe, AP (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, MMRL, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM apm2@uark.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Industrial Technologies Program [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was partly supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. We would like to thank Arkansas Analytical Laboratory for the TEM analysis and Dr. Mourad Benamara for technical discussion of TEM analysis. Ali Erdemir and Kuldeep Mistry from Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) acknowledge Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Industrial Technologies Program, under Contract Number DE-AC02-06CH11357 for work conducted at ANL. The authors wish to thank Dr. Xiaogang Peng's group for their TGA and DSC support. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 288 BP 9 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.wear.2012.03.003 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 959KJ UT WOS:000305311000002 ER PT J AU Shi, CA Ji, YY Graham, UM Jacobs, G Crocker, M Zhang, ZS Wang, Y Toops, TJ AF Shi, Chuan Ji, Yaying Graham, Uschi M. Jacobs, Gary Crocker, Mark Zhang, Zhaoshun Wang, Yu Toops, Todd J. TI NOx storage and reduction properties of model ceria-based lean NOx trap catalysts SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE Ceria; Barium; Lean NOx trap catalyst; Storage; Reduction ID THERMAL AGING PHENOMENA; SUPPORT INTERACTION; REGENERATION; BEHAVIOR; OXIDES; BA; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION; EMISSIONS; BAO/AL2O3 AB Three kinds of model ceria-containing LNT catalysts, corresponding to Pt/Ba/CeO2, Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 and Pt/BaO/CeO2/Al2O3, were prepared for comparison with a standard LNT catalyst of the Pt/BaO/Al2O3 type. In these catalysts ceria functioned as a NOx storage component and/or a support material. The influence of ceria on the microstructure of the catalysts was investigated, in addition to the effect on NOx storage capacity, regeneration behavior and catalyst performance during lean/rich cycling. The Pt/Ba/CeO2 and Pt/BaO/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts exhibited higher NOx storage capacity at 200 and 300 degrees C relative to the Pt/BaO/Al2O3 catalyst, although the latter displayed better storage capacity at 400 degrees C. Catalyst regeneration behavior at low temperature was also improved by the presence of ceria, as reflected by TPR measurements. These factors contributed to the superior NOx storage-reduction performance exhibited by the Pt/Ba/CeO2 and Pt/BaO/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts under cycling conditions in the temperature range 200-300 degrees C. Overall, Pt/BaO/CeO2/Al2O3 (which displayed well balanced NOx storage and regeneration behavior), showed the best performance, affording consistently high NOx conversion levels in the temperature range 200-400 degrees C under lean-rich cycling conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved. C1 [Shi, Chuan; Ji, Yaying; Graham, Uschi M.; Jacobs, Gary; Crocker, Mark] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. [Shi, Chuan; Zhang, Zhaoshun; Wang, Yu] Dalian Univ Technol, Dalian, Peoples R China. [Toops, Todd J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Crocker, M (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, 3572 Iron Works Pike, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. EM crocker@caer.uky.edu RI Wang, Yu/I-4284-2012; Jacobs, Gary/M-5349-2015; zhang, zhaoshun/G-3371-2012 OI Jacobs, Gary/0000-0003-0691-6717; zhang, zhaoshun/0000-0002-5400-9874 FU United States Government; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-EE0000205] FX This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. References herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.; Rhodia is thanked for a gift of CeO2. This project was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under award No. DE-EE0000205. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 119 BP 183 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.02.028 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 950ZZ UT WOS:000304691700022 ER PT J AU Zhao, CF Xie, SC Klein, SA Protat, A Shupe, MD McFarlane, SA Comstock, JM Delanoe, J Deng, M Dunn, M Hogan, RJ Huang, D Jensen, MP Mace, GG McCoy, R O'Connor, EJ Turner, DD Wang, Z AF Zhao, Chuanfeng Xie, Shaocheng Klein, Stephen A. Protat, Alain Shupe, Matthew D. McFarlane, Sally A. Comstock, Jennifer M. Delanoe, Julien Deng, Min Dunn, Maureen Hogan, Robin J. Huang, Dong Jensen, Michael P. Mace, Gerald G. McCoy, Renata O'Connor, Ewan J. Turner, David D. Wang, Zhien TI Toward understanding of differences in current cloud retrievals of ARM ground-based measurements SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID LIQUID WATER PATH; RADIATION MEASUREMENT PROGRAM; BIMODAL SIZE SPECTRA; MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS; CIRRUS CLOUDS; MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; STRATUS CLOUD; ICE CLOUDS; RADAR MEASUREMENTS AB Accurate observations of cloud microphysical properties are needed for evaluating and improving the representation of cloud processes in climate models and better estimate of the Earth radiative budget. However, large differences are found in current cloud products retrieved from ground-based remote sensing measurements using various retrieval algorithms. Understanding the differences is an important step to address uncertainties in the cloud retrievals. In this study, an in-depth analysis of nine existing ground-based cloud retrievals using ARM remote sensing measurements is carried out. We place emphasis on boundary layer overcast clouds and high level ice clouds, which are the focus of many current retrieval development efforts due to their radiative importance and relatively simple structure. Large systematic discrepancies in cloud microphysical properties are found in these two types of clouds among the nine cloud retrieval products, particularly for the cloud liquid and ice particle effective radius. Note that the differences among some retrieval products are even larger than the prescribed uncertainties reported by the retrieval algorithm developers. It is shown that most of these large differences have their roots in the retrieval theoretical bases, assumptions, as well as input and constraint parameters. This study suggests the need to further validate current retrieval theories and assumptions and even the development of new retrieval algorithms with more observations under different cloud regimes. C1 [Zhao, Chuanfeng; Xie, Shaocheng; Klein, Stephen A.; McCoy, Renata] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Protat, Alain; Delanoe, Julien] Lab Atmosphere, Guyancourt, France. [Protat, Alain] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Shupe, Matthew D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [McFarlane, Sally A.; Comstock, Jennifer M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Deng, Min; Wang, Zhien] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Dunn, Maureen; Huang, Dong; Jensen, Michael P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hogan, Robin J.; O'Connor, Ewan J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. [Mace, Gerald G.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [O'Connor, Ewan J.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. RP Zhao, CF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mail Code L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM zhao6@llnl.gov RI Zhao, Chuanfeng/G-8546-2013; Wang, Zhien/F-4857-2011; Xie, Shaocheng/D-2207-2013; Huang, Dong/H-7318-2014; Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011; Klein, Stephen/H-4337-2016; Hogan, Robin/M-6549-2016 OI Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145; Huang, Dong/0000-0001-9715-6922; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982; Klein, Stephen/0000-0002-5476-858X; Hogan, Robin/0000-0002-3180-5157 FU DOE ARM [DE-FG02-06ER64167]; DOE ASR [DE-SC0006974]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research by Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; DOE [DE-FG02-05ER63965, DE-FG0398ER62571]; European Union [EVK2-2000-00065]; NERC [NE/C519697/1] FX This study is supported by the DOE ARM and ASR programs. Work at LLNL, PNNL and BNL was performed under the auspices of the DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830, and by Brookhaven National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886, respectively. The contribution of M. D. Shupe is performed under the support by DOE grant DE-FG02-05ER63965. The Cloudnet project was funded by the European Union from grant EVK2-2000-00065. The development of the VARCLOUD retrieval was funded by NERC grant NE/C519697/1. The contribution of G. G. Mace is performed under the support by DOE grant DE-FG0398ER62571. The contribution of D. D. Turner is performed under the support by DOE grant DE-FG02-06ER64167 as part of the ARM program. The contribution of Z. Wang is performed under the support by DOE grant DE-SC0006974 as part of the ASR program. The three reviewers of this paper are gratefully acknowledged for their constructive comments. NR 81 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D10206 DI 10.1029/2011JD016792 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 952CI UT WOS:000304766900003 ER PT J AU Bruix, A Rodriguez, JA Ramirez, PJ Senanayake, SD Evans, J Park, JB Stacchiola, D Liu, P Hrbek, J Illas, F AF Bruix, Albert Rodriguez, Jose A. Ramirez, Pedro J. Senanayake, Sanjaya D. Evans, Jaime Park, Joon B. Stacchiola, Dario Liu, Ping Hrbek, Jan Illas, Francesc TI A New Type of Strong Metal-Support Interaction and the Production of H-2 through the Transformation of Water on Pt/CeO2(111) and Pt/CeOx/TiO2(110) Catalysts SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GAS-SHIFT REACTION; LOW-TEMPERATURE; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; NANOMETER LEVEL; OXYGEN-STORAGE; SURFACE; CERIA; FILMS; MECHANISM AB The electronic properties of Pt nanoparticles deposited on CeO2(111) and CeOx/TiO2(110) model catalysts have been examined using valence photoemission experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The valence photoemission and DFT results point to a new type of "strong metal-support interaction" that produces large electronic perturbations for small Pt particles in contact with ceria and significantly enhances the ability of the admetal to dissociate the O-H bonds in water. When going from Pt(111) to Pt-8/CeO2(111), the dissociation of water becomes a very exothermic process. The ceria-supported Pt-8 appears as a fluxional system that can change geometry and charge distribution to accommodate adsorbates better. In comparison with other water-gas shift (WGS) catalysts [Cu(111), Pt(111), Cu/CeO2(111), and Au/CeO2(111)], the Pt/CeO2(111) surface has the unique property that the admetal is able to dissociate water in an efficient way. Furthermore, for the codeposition of Pt and CeOx nanoparticles on TiO2(110), we have found a transfer of O from the ceria to Pt that opens new paths for the WGS process and makes the mixed-metal oxide an extremely active catalyst for the production of hydrogen. C1 [Rodriguez, Jose A.; Senanayake, Sanjaya D.; Park, Joon B.; Stacchiola, Dario; Liu, Ping; Hrbek, Jan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bruix, Albert; Illas, Francesc] Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Bruix, Albert; Illas, Francesc] Univ Barcelona, Inst Quim Teor & Computac IQTCUB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Ramirez, Pedro J.; Evans, Jaime] Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov RI Stacchiola, Dario/B-1918-2009; Illas, Francesc /C-8578-2011; Hrbek, Jan/I-1020-2013; Senanayake, Sanjaya/D-4769-2009; OI Stacchiola, Dario/0000-0001-5494-3205; Illas, Francesc /0000-0003-2104-6123; Senanayake, Sanjaya/0000-0003-3991-4232; Bruix, Albert/0000-0003-2585-5542 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division [DE-AC02-98CH10086]; Spanish MICINN; INTEVEP; IDB FX The work at BNL was financed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences Division (DE-AC02-98CH10086). Calculations were carried out on the MARENOSTRUM supercomputer at the Barcelona Supercomputer Center. A.B. acknowledges the Spanish MICINN for a predoctoral grant. J.E. thanks INTEVEP and IDB for research grants that made possible part of this work at the Universidad Central de Venezuela. NR 45 TC 161 Z9 162 U1 53 U2 389 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 134 IS 21 BP 8968 EP 8974 DI 10.1021/ja302070k PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 949IU UT WOS:000304570700040 PM 22563752 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Khalek, SA Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Acharya, BS Adamczyk, L Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderholz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Aring;kesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Andrieux, ML Anduaga, XS Angerami, A Anghinolfi, F Anisenkov, A Anjos, N Annovi, A Antonaki, A Antonelli, M Antonov, A Antos, J Anulli, F Aoun, S Bella, LA Apolle, R Arabidze, G Aracena, I Arai, Y Arce, ATH Archambault, JP Arfaoui, S Arguin, JF Arik, E Arik, M Armbruster, AJ Arnaez, O Arnal, V Arnault, C Artamonov, A Artoni, G Arutinov, D Asai, S Asfandiyarov, R Ask, S Aring;sman, B Asquith, L Assamagan, K Astbury, A Astvatsatourov, A Aubert, B Auge, E Augsten, K Aurousseau, M Avolio, G Avramidou, R Axen, D Ay, C Azuelos, G Azuma, Y Baak, MA Baccaglioni, G Bacci, C Bach, AM Bachacou, H Bachas, K Bachy, G Backes, M Backhaus, M Badescu, E Bagnaia, P Bahinipati, S Bai, Y Bailey, DC Bain, T Baines, JT Baker, OK Baker, MD Baker, S Banas, E Banerjee, P Banerjee, S Banfi, D Bangert, A Bansal, V Bansil, HS Barak, L Baranov, SP Barashkou, A Galtieri, AB Barber, T Barberio, EL Barberis, D Barbero, M Bardin, DY Barillari, T Barisonzi, M Barklow, T Barlow, N Barnett, BM Barnett, RM Baroncelli, A Barone, G Barr, AJ Barreiro, F da Costa, JBG Barrillon, P Bartoldus, R Barton, AE Bartsch, V Bates, RL Batkova, L Batley, JR Battaglia, A Battistin, M Bauer, F Bawa, HS Beale, S Beare, B Beau, T Beauchemin, PH Beccherle, R Bechtle, P Beck, HP Becker, AK Becker, S Beckingham, M Becks, KH Beddall, AJ Beddall, A Bedikian, S Bednyakov, VA Bee, CP Begel, M Harpaz, SB Behera, PK Beimforde, M Belanger-Champagne, C Bell, PJ Bell, WH Bella, G Bellagamba, L Bellina, F Bellomo, M Belloni, A Beloborodova, O Belotskiy, K Beltramello, O BenAmi, S Benary, O Benchekroun, D Benchouk, C Bendel, M Bendtz, K Benekos, N Benhammou, Y Noccioli, EB Garcia, JAB Benjamin, DP Benoit, M Bensinger, JR Benslama, K Bentvelsen, S Berge, D Kuutmann, EB Berger, N Berghaus, F Berglund, E Beringer, J Bernat, P Bernhard, R Bernius, C Berry, T Bertella, C Bertin, A Bertinelli, E Bertolucci, F Besana, MI Besson, N Bethke, S Bhimji, W Bianchi, RM Bianco, M Biebel, O Bieniek, SP Bierwagen, K Biesiada, J Biglietti, M Bilokon, H Bindi, M Binet, S Bingul, A Bini, C Biscarat, C Bitenc, U Black, KM Blair, RE Blanchard, JB Blanchot, G Blazek, T Blocker, C Blocki, J Blondel, A Blum, W Blumenschein, U Bobbink, GJ Bobrovnikov, VB Bocchetta, SS Bocci, A Boddy, CR Boehler, M Boek, J Boelaert, N Bogaerts, JA Bogdanchikov, A Bogouch, A Bohm, C Bohm, J Boisvert, V Bold, T Boldea, V Bolnet, NM Bomben, M Bona, M Bondarenko, VG Bondioli, M Boonekamp, M Boorman, G Booth, CN Bordoni, S Borer, C Borisov, A Borissov, G Borjanovic, I Borri, M Borroni, S Bortolotto, V Bos, K Boscherini, D Boser, S Bosman, M Boterenbrood, H Botterill, D Bouchami, J Boudreau, J Bouhova-Thacker, EV Boumediene, D Bourdarios, C Bousson, N Boveia, A Boyd, J Boyko, IR Bozhko, NI Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I Bracinik, J Braem, A Branchini, P Brandenburg, GW Brandt, A Brandt, G Brandt, O Bratzler, U Brau, B Brau, JE Braun, HM Brelier, B Bremer, J Brendlinger, K Brenner, R Bressler, S Breton, D Britton, D Brochu, FM Brock, I Brock, R Brodbeck, TJ Brodet, E Broggi, F Bromberg, C Bronner, J Brooijmans, G Brooks, WK Brown, G Brown, H de Renstrom, PAB Bruncko, D Bruneliere, R Brunet, S Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruschi, M Buanes, T Buat, Q Bucci, F Buchanan, J Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, P Buckingham, RM Buckley, AG Buda, SI Budagov, IA Budick, B Buscher, V Bugge, L Bulekov, O Bundock, AC Bunse, M Buran, T Burckhart, H Burdin, S Burgess, T Burke, S Busato, E Bussey, P Buszello, CP Butin, F Butler, B Butler, JM Buttar, CM Butterworth, JM Buttinger, W Urban, SC Caforio, D Cakir, O Calafiura, P Calderini, G Calfayan, P Calkins, R Caloba, LP Caloi, R Calvet, D Calvet, S Toro, RC Camarri, P Cambiaghi, M Cameron, D Caminada, LM Campana, S Campanelli, M Canale, V Canelli, F Canepa, A Cantero, J Cantrill, R Capasso, L Garrido, MDMC Caprini, I Caprini, M Capriotti, D Capua, M Caputo, R Caramarcu, C Cardarelli, R Carli, T Carlino, G Carminati, L Caron, B Caron, S Carquin, E Montoya, GDC Carter, AA Carter, JR Carvalho, J 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CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for heavy vector-like quarks coupling to light quarks in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING AB This Letter presents a search for singly produced vector-like quarks, Q, coupling to light quarks, q. The search is sensitive to both charged current (CC) and neutral current (NC) processes, pp -> Qq -> Wqq' and pp -> Qq -> Zqq' with a leptonic decay of the vector gauge boson. In 1.04 fb(-1) of data taken in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment at a center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV, no evidence of such heavy vector-like quarks is observed above the expected Standard Model background. Limits on the heavy vector-like quark production cross section times branching ratio as a function of mass m(Q) are obtained. For a coupling K-qQ = v/m(Q), where v is the Higgs vacuum expectation value, 95% C.L. lower limits on the mass of a vector-like quark are set at 900 GeV and 760 GeV from CC and NC processes, respectively. (C) 2012 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Akdogan, T.; Arik, E.; Arik, M.; Istin, S.; Ozcan, V. E.; Rador, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Alam, M. S.; Ernst, J.; Rojo, V.] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Bahinipati, S.; Buchanan, N. J.; Chan, K.; Gingrich, D. M.; Kim, M. S.; Moore, R. W.; Pinfoid, J. L.; Soni, N.; Subramania, H. S.; Sulin, V. V.; Vague, F. Vives] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Cakir, O.; Ciftci, A. K.; Ciftci, R.; Yildiz, H. Duran; Kuday, S.; Persembe, S.] Ankara Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. Dumlupinar Univ, Dept Phys, Kutahya, Turkey. [Yilmaz, M.] Gazi Univ, Dept Phys, Ankara, Turkey. [Sultansoy, S.] TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, Div Phys, Ankara, Turkey. [Cakir, I. 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W Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Gonzalez Silva, M. L.; Otero Y Garzon, G.; Piegaia, R.; Romeo, G.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ask, S.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Buttinger, W.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; Cowden, C.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, T.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Archambault, J. P.; Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Amaral, P.; Anastopoulos, C.; Anghinolfi, F.; Baak, M. A.; Bachas, K.; Bachy, G.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellina, F.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bertinelli, E.; Bianchi, R. M.; Blanchot, G.; Bogaerts, J. 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R.; Jansen, H.; Jenni, P.; Jonsson, O.; Joram, C.; Jungst, R. M.; Kaneda, M.; Kaplon, J.; Kerschen, N.; Klioutchnikova, T.; Knobloch, J.; Koeneke, K.; Kollar, D.; Kotamaeki, M. J.; Lamanna, M.; Lasseur, C.; Lassnig, M.; Miotto, G. Lehmann; Lenzi, B.; Lichard, R.; Magnoni, L.; Malaescu, B.; Malyukov, S.; Mapelli, A.; Mapelli, L.; Marshall, Z.; Martin, B.; Maugain, J. M.; McLaren, R. A.; Menot, C.; Messina, A.; Meyer, T. C.; Michal, S.; Molina-Perez, J.; Morley, A. K.; Mornacchi, G.; Muenstermann, D.; Nairz, A. M.; Nakahama, Y.; Negri, G.; Nessi, M.; Nicquevert, B.; Niinikoski, T.; Nordberg, M.; Nyman, T.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pengo, R.; Pernegger, H.; Peters, K.; Petersen, B. A.; Petersen, J.; Piacquadio, G.; Pirotte, O.; Pommes, K.; Poppleton, A.; Bueso, X. Portell; Poulard, G.; Pribyl, L.; Price, M. J.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Dos Santos, D. Roda; Roe, S.; Salek, D.; Salzburger, A.; Savu, D. O.; Schlenker, S.; Schott, M.; Schuh, S.; Schuler, G.; Sfyrla, A.; Shimizu, S.; Sloper, J.; Spigo, G.; Spiwoks, R.; Stewart, G. A.; Stockton, M. C.; Szeless, B.; Tappern, G. P.; Ten Kate, H.; Viegas, F. J. Tique Aires; Torchiani, I.; Tremblet, L.; Tricoli, A.; Tsarouchas, C.; Unal, G.; van der Ster, D.; Vandelli, W.; Vandoni, G.; Rodriguez, F. Varela; Veness, R.; Vinek, E.; Voss, R.; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Werner, P.; Wilkens, H. G.; Winklmeier, F.; Wotschack, J.; Zajacova, Z.; Zsenei, A.; Zwalinski, L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Choudalakis, G.; Costin, T.; Feng, E. J.; Fiascaris, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Guo, J.; Plante, I. Jen-La; Kapliy, A.; Melachrinos, C.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, C.; Miller, D. W.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Shochet, M. J.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J. M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Diaz, M. A.; Olivares Pino, S. A.; Panes, B.; Quinonez, F.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooks, W. K.; Carquin, E.; Kuleshov, S.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Bai, Y.; Cheng, S.; Han, H.; Jin, S.; Lu, E.; Ouyang, Q.; Shan, L. Y.; Tong, G.; Xie, Y.; Xu, G.; Yang, Y.; Yuan, L.; Zhang, D.; Zheng, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Han, L.; Jiang, Y.; Jin, G.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Wang, H.; Wu, Y.; Xu, C.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.; Chen, T.; Ping, J.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Feng, C.; Ge, P.; He, M.; Li, H.; Meng, Z.; Miao, J.; Zhan, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Camacho Toro, R.; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Camacho Toro, R.; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Camacho Toro, R.; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Reale, V. 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[Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Ciba, K.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Jelen, K.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.; Toczek, B.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcy, K.; Malecki, Pa.; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Turala, M.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hadavand, H. 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[Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kar, D.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Fachhsch chule Wiener Neustadt, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Ferrer, M. L.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.; Wen, M.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Caron, S.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Runge, K.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Venturi, M.; Vivarelli, I.; von Radziewski, H.; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Winkelmann, S.; Xie, S.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gaumer, O.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Leger, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Coccaro, A.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Coccaro, A.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; Denis, R. D. St.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Pashapour, S.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Catastini, P.; Conti, G.; Franklin, M.; Hurst, P.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Prasad, S.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Childers, J. T.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lendermann, V.; Lepold, F.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Radescu, V.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci, Hiroshima 730, Japan. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Rust, D. R.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Lukas, W.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, F.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Romanov, V. M.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Akiyama, A.; Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Catmore, J. R.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Orlando, N.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, INFN Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Orlando, N.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Bundock, A. C.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Boorman, G.; Cantrill, R.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Misiejuk, A.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Boeser, S.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Dobson, E.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, E.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, E.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Imbault, D.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, E.; Yuan, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Fysiska Inst, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J. J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Llorente Merino, J.; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.; Anh, T. Vu] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. R.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Jones, G.; Joshi, K. D.; Keates, J. R.; Klinger, J. A.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, Il.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Arfaoui, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Arfaoui, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; van Eldik, N.; Varol, T.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dulour, M. -A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Wu, Y.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Consonni, S. M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koletsou, I.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meloni, F.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] Univ Milan, INFN Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Consonni, S. M.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Meloni, F.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Guler, H.; Gutierrez, A.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J. J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Genest, M. H.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, R.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, R.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Weigell, R.; Zhuravlov, V.] Werner Heisenberg Inst, Max Planck Inst Phys, Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; De Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Univ Naples Federico II, INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Konig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J.; Pani, P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Daum, C.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J.; Pani, P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Robinson, M.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, R.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simon, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, R.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simon, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Doglioni, C.; Farrington, S. M.; Fopma, J.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hawes, B. M.; Howard, J.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C. -L.; Vickey, T.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Wastie, R.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Young, C. J.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Colombo, T.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Poleselolla, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] Univ Pavia, INFN Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Colombo, T.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lester, C. M.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Francavilla, P.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Coccaro, A.; Conde Muino, P.; Wemans, A. Do Valle; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Jakoubek, T.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Chalupkova, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Golovnia, S. N.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Apolle, R.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De La Taille, C.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marchese, F.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, R.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFN Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Mazzaferro, L.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Stanescu, C.] Univ Roma Tre, INFN Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, Lphea Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier & LPTPM, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J. J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Mal, R.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J. -P.; Morange, N.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.] CEA Saclay Commissariat Energie Atom, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Rothberg, J.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Stahl, T.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Haas, A.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Fulsom, B. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C. J.; Kim, P. C.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, S.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federica, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, R.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, R.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tyimad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, R.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Ohm, C. C.; Sjelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tyimad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; BenAmi, S.; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Landsman, H.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreisel, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S. s; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Beare, B.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, R.; Sinervo, R.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Savard, R.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Rodriguez, D.; Rodriguez Garcia, Y.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Deng, J.; Farrell, S.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Nelson, A.; Okawa, H.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] INFN Grp Collegato Udine, Trieste, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.; De Lotto, B.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.; Pelikan, D.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom & Mol Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Gecse, Z.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. -R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw.; Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becker, A. K.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Drees, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kohlmann, S.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, R.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Coiling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Ctr Calcul CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Lopes, L.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Silva, J.; Vetterli, M. C.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Lopes, L.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Silva, J.; Vetterli, M. C.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Kono, T.; Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Park, W.; Purohit, M.; Trivedi, A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Perez, K.; Ruan, X.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. RP Arik, M (reprint author), Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. RI Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Morozov, Sergey/C-1396-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Jakoubek, Tomas/G-8644-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Pacheco Pages, Andres/C-5353-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; BESSON, NATHALIE/L-6250-2015; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao /C-4391-2012; Amorim, Antonio/C-8460-2013; Mehdiyev, Rashid/H-6299-2013; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Delmastro, Marco/I-5599-2012; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Di Micco, Biagio/J-1755-2012; Giordano, Raffaele/J-3695-2012; Di Nardo, Roberto/J-4993-2012; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Rotaru, Marina/A-3097-2011; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; M, Saleem/B-9137-2013; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Kurashige, Hisaya/H-4916-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Darbo, Giovanni/C-8175-2012; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/B-2717-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016 OI Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Pacheco Pages, Andres/0000-0001-8210-1734; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Darbo, Giovanni/0000-0003-2165-0638; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/0000-0002-0048-4602; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAY 30 PY 2012 VL 712 IS 1-2 BP 22 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.03.082 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 951TI UT WOS:000304742500005 ER EF