FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Wetstein, MJ Adams, B Chollet, M Webster, P Insepov, Z Ivanov, V Jokela, S Veryovkin, I Zinovev, A Elam, J Mane, A Peng, Q Frisch, H AF Wetstein, Matthew J. Adams, Bernhard Chollet, Matthieu Webster, Preston Insepov, Zeke Ivanov, Valentin Jokela, Slade Veryovkin, Igor Zinovev, Alex Elam, Jeffrey Mane, Anil Peng, Qing Frisch, Henry CA LAPPD Collaboration BE Liu, T TI Systems-Level Characterization of Microchannel Plate Detector Assemblies, Using a Pulsed sub-Picosecond Laser SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE microchannel; MCP; characterization; photodetectors; time-of-flight; time-resolving ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; MCP-PMT AB Microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes (MCP-PMTs) are compact imaging detectors, capable of micron-level spatial imaging and timing measurements with resolutions well below 10 picoseconds. The Large Area Picosecond Photodetector Collaboration (LAPPD) is developing techniques for fabricating 8" x 8", thin, planar, glass-body MCP-PMTs at costs comparable to traditional PMTs. Collaboration between the High Energy Physics Division and the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has produced an advanced channel-plate characterization facility for testing the time response of MCPs using a pulsed laser capable of sub-picosecond pulses. The MCPs are tested in stacks of one or two plates with a simple photocathode and coupled to a microstripline anode board. LAPPD-made MCPs have already demonstrated gains larger than 105 and promising time resolving capabilities. These measurements will guide the systems-level optimization of LAPPD detectors and the development of signal processing algorithms. Predictions made by the LAPPD simulations group based on electron emmission properties of the MCP pore surface are compared with these tests to help further our understanding of MCP performance. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Wetstein, Matthew J.; Adams, Bernhard; Chollet, Matthieu; Insepov, Zeke; Jokela, Slade; Veryovkin, Igor; Zinovev, Alex; Elam, Jeffrey; Mane, Anil; Peng, Qing; Frisch, Henry] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wetstein, Matthew J.; Frisch, Henry] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Webster, Preston] Iowa State Univ, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Wetstein, MJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mwetstein@anl.gov RI peng, qing/I-2970-2013; Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013 OI Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ( Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid- up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 748 EP 756 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.717 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100097 ER PT S AU Lee, SW Attenkofer, K Walters, D Demarteau, M Yusof, Z AF Lee, Seon Woo Attenkofer, Klaus Walters, Dean Demarteau, Marcel Yusof, Zikri BE Liu, T TI Optimization of Transmission Mode Metallic (Aluminum) Photocathodes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Transmission mode metallic photocathode; Quantum efficiency; Photodetector AB Transmission mode metallic photocathodes are studied, especially for aluminum ones, to test complete 8"x8" large-area planar photodetectors in ambient condition. We have derived a quantitative model for transmission mode metallic photocathodes which permits optimization of the thickness of these cathodes (approximately 15 similar to 20 nm) and estimation of quantum efficiency based on the theory and the known parameters from the literatures. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Lee, Seon Woo; Attenkofer, Klaus; Walters, Dean; Demarteau, Marcel; Yusof, Zikri] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lee, SW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM seon.w.lee@gmail.com NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 757 EP 764 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.726 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100098 ER PT S AU Lee, SW Attenkofer, K Demarteau, M Smedley, J Ben-Zvi, I Rao, T Ruiz-Oses, M Liang, X Muller, EM Padmore, H Vecchione, T AF Lee, S. W. Attenkofer, K. Demarteau, M. Smedley, J. Ben-Zvi, I. Rao, T. Ruiz-Oses, M. Liang, X. Muller, E. M. Padmore, H. Vecchione, T. BE Liu, T TI Revealing the Correlations between Growth Recipe and Microscopic Structure of Bi-alkali/Multi-alkali Photocathodes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Multi-alkali photocathode; thin film growth; X-ray diffractometry; X-ray reflectometry ID RAY REFLECTIVITY DATA; TUNGSTEN AB For the development of high quantum efficiency photocathodes, the bi-alkali (K-Cs-Sb) photocathode growth process was studied through in-situ X-ray scattering measurements, including X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray reflectometry (XRR). Characterization during real-time growth revealed correlations between growth parameters and microscopic structural change of the photocathode. This paper presents preliminary results of an ongoing experiment to understand the growth mechanism. X-ray diffractometry enabled the observation of selective growth of specific crystalline orientation during the deposition and evaporation of an Sb layer. A phase transition of the Sb layer was also measured. X-ray reflectometry revealed surface roughness changes during the growth process and permitted layer thickness measurements while the K layer was evaporated on an ex-situ grown Sb layer, in addition to in-situ Sb layer growth. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Lee, S. W.; Attenkofer, K.; Demarteau, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Smedley, J.; Ben-Zvi, I.; Rao, T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ruiz-Oses, M.; Liang, X.; Muller, E. M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA. [Padmore, H.; Vecchione, T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Lee, SW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM seon.w.lee@gmail.com FU UChicago Argonne; LLC; Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"); U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid- up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 765 EP 772 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.724 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100099 ER PT S AU El Alaoui, A Baltzell, N Hafidi, K AF El Alaoui, Ahmed Baltzell, Nathan Hafidi, Kawtar BE Liu, T TI A RICH detector for CLAS12 Spectrometer SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE CEBAF; CLAS12; RICH; DRT ID JEFFERSON-LAB; KAON PHYSICS; HALL-A AB The upgrade of the Jefferson Lab accelerator to 12 GeV electron beam energy, combined with that of the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS12) located in Hall B, will provide the unique combination of wide kinematical coverage, high beam intensity (luminosity), high energy, high polarization, and advanced detection capabilities required to study Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in greater details. A Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) will significantly enhance CLAS12 particle identification capabilities by providing clean separation between pions, kaons and protons over momenta from 2 to 8 GeV/c. A detailed simulation of a preliminary design of the RICH detector for CLAS12 using GEANT-4 Monte-Carlo will be presented. A reconstruction algorithm based on a likelihood approach will be discussed. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [El Alaoui, Ahmed; Baltzell, Nathan; Hafidi, Kawtar] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP El Alaoui, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM alaoui@anl.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 773 EP 780 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.723 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100100 ER PT S AU Ramberg, E Ronzhin, A Zatserklyaniy, A AF Ramberg, Erik Ronzhin, Anatoly Zatserklyaniy, Andriy BE Liu, T TI Waveform analysis of SiPM signals with DRS4 board SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE DRS4; SiPM; waveform analysis AB We are using a DRS4 digital oscilloscope board for time-of-flight (TOF) applications in Fermilab. We developed a model to perform waveform analysis of the DRS4 data taken with silicon photomultipliers. The applications range from Cherenkov TOF systems to TOF positron emission tomography. The unified approach allows achieving high time resolutions for signals with width from a few to hundreds of nanoseconds. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Zatserklyaniy, Andriy] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Ramberg, Erik; Ronzhin, Anatoly] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Zatserklyaniy, A (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM zatserkl@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 800 EP 802 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.725 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100104 ER PT S AU Siegmund, OHW McPhate, JB Tremsin, AS Jelinsky, SR Frisch, HJ Elam, J Mane, A Wagner, R Minot, MJ Renaud, J Deterando, M AF Siegmund, O. H. W. McPhate, J. B. Tremsin, A. S. Jelinsky, S. R. Frisch, H. J. Elam, J. Mane, A. Wagner, R. Minot, M. J. Renaud, J. Deterando, M. BE Liu, T TI 20 cm Sealed Tube Photon Counting Detectors with Novel Microchannel Plates for Imaging and Timing Applications SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Microchannel plate; photocathode; photon counting; atomic layer deposition; imaging AB As part of a collaborative program between University of California, Berkeley, the Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, and several commercial companies, a 20 cm square sealed tube microchannel plate detector scheme with a proximity focused bialkali photocathode is being developed. Sealed tube microchannel plate devices have good imaging and timing characteristics, but large areas have been previously unavailable. We have made considerable progress in fabricating large size microchannel plates. A key feature is the novel implementation of low cost microchannel plates using borosilicate micro-capillary arrays with hollow core tubes. The resistive and secondary electron emissive surfaces are then applied by atomic layer deposition, eliminating the wet etch and thermal reduction processes for normal glass microchannel plates. Initial results with 33 mm format microchannel plates for gain, pulse width, imaging performance and lifetime are comparable to conventional MCPs. Large 20 cm square microchannel plate prototypes with 20 mu m and 40 mu m pores have been fabricated and initial tests show operational gain. Design and fabrication of a 20 cm sealed tube assembly is well advanced and comprises a borosilicate entrance window, a proximity focused bialkali photocathode, a pair of microchannel plates and a strip-line readout anode. The design employs a brazed ceramic walled enclosure and a transfer tube type photocathode with an indium seal. We have adopted a baseline bialkali photocathode to match the anticipated input spectrum, and have made a number of test cathodes with >20% peak quantum efficiency on borofloat-33 window material. Strip-line anodes are also being developed which will give less than 1mm spatial resolution using custom ASIC amplification and timing electronics. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Siegmund, O. H. W.; McPhate, J. B.; Tremsin, A. S.; Jelinsky, S. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Expt Astrophys Grp, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Frisch, H. J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Elam, J.; Mane, A.; Wagner, R.; Minot, M. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Minot, M. J.; Renaud, J.; Deterando, M.] Incom Inc, Charlton, MA 01507 USA. RP Siegmund, OHW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Expt Astrophys Grp, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ossy@ssl.berkeley.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE- AC02- 06CH11357] FX We wish to thank J. Hull, R. Hemphill, J. Tedesco, and Arradiance. Inc. for their contributions to this work. This work was performed for Argonne National Laboratory, a U. S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, operated under Contract No. DE- AC02- 06CH11357. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 803 EP 810 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.722 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100105 ER PT S AU Xie, JQ Attenkofer, K Demarteau, MW Frisch, HJ Lee, SW Paramonov, A Wagner, RG Yusof, Z AF Xie, Junqi Attenkofer, Klaus Demarteau, Marcel W. Frisch, Henry J. Lee, Seon W. Paramonov, Alexander Wagner, Robert G. Yusof, Zikri CA Large Area Picosecond BE Liu, T TI Instrumentation for Theory-Inspired Photocathode Development within the Large Area Picosecond Photodetector (LAPPD) Project SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE photodetector; photocathode; instrumentation; infrastructure; spectral response; quantum efficiency AB We have designed and are commissioning a laboratory for the growth and characterization of photocathodes at Argonne National Laboratory. Two growth facilities, a versatile ultra high vacuum growth chamber and an industrial photomultiplier production facility, allow the investigation of fundamental aspects of the cathode growth and the development, modification and implementation of recipes in an industrial production environment. The instrumentation allows the study of optical properties, electrical behaviors and spectral response of the cathode. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Xie, Junqi; Demarteau, Marcel W.; Frisch, Henry J.; Lee, Seon W.; Paramonov, Alexander; Wagner, Robert G.; Yusof, Zikri] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Attenkofer, Klaus] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photo Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Frisch, Henry J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Xie, JQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jxie@hep.anl.gov RI Xie, Junqi/J-8985-2012 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office of High Energy Physics [DE- AC0206CH11357] FX Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office of High Energy Physics under contract DE- AC0206CH11357. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 811 EP 819 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.421 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100106 ER PT S AU Rivera, R Annala, J Johnson, T Kwan, S Lundberg, C Still, D Prosser, A Uplegger, L Zagel, J Zvodaya, V AF Rivera, Ryan Annala, Jerry Johnson, Todd Kwan, Simon Lundberg, Carl Still, Dean Prosser, Alan Uplegger, Lorenzo Zagel, Jim Zvodaya, Viktoriya BE Liu, T TI CMS pixel telescope addition to T-980 bent crystal collimation experiment at the Tevatron SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE pixel detector; pixel telescope; data acquisition; crystal collimation; Tevatron AB An enhancement to the T-980 bent crystal collimation experiment at the Tevatron has been completed. The enhancement was the installation of a pixel telescope inside the vacuum-sealed beam pipe of the Tevatron. The telescope is comprised of six CMS PSI46 pixel plaquettes, arranged as three stations of horizontal and vertical planes, with the CAPTAN system for data acquisition and control. The purpose of the pixel telescope is to measure beam profiles produced by bent crystals under various conditions. The telescope electronics inside the beam pipe initially were not adequately shielded from the image current of the passing beams. A new shielding approach was devised and installed, which resolved the problem. The noise issues encountered and the mitigating techniques are presented herein, as well as some preliminary results from the telescope. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Rivera, Ryan; Annala, Jerry; Johnson, Todd; Kwan, Simon; Lundberg, Carl; Still, Dean; Prosser, Alan; Uplegger, Lorenzo; Zagel, Jim; Zvodaya, Viktoriya] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Rivera, R (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM rrivera@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 882 EP 890 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.728 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100115 ER PT S AU Diez, S AF Diez, S. CA ATLAS Upgrade Collaboration BE Liu, T TI System implications of the different powering distributions for the ATLAS Upgrade strips tracker SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE ATLAS Upgrade; Strip tracker; Power distribution; Serial powering; DC-DC powering ID CHALLENGES; SLHC; LHC AB This paper compares the two novel approaches for the power distribution of the ATLAS Upgrade strips tracker modules, serial and DC-DC powering, from the point of view of a system. Numerous variables have been taken into account, such as total power dissipation and power efficiency, system reliability and protection, noise performances, impact on the material budget of the tracker, and services needs and re-usability. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Diez, S.; ATLAS Upgrade Collaboration] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Diez, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sdiezcornell@lbl.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 960 EP 969 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.433 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100124 ER PT S AU Dowdy, R Attenkofer, K Frisch, H Lee, SW Li, XL Ross, SR AF Dowdy, Ryan Attenkofer, Klaus Frisch, Henry Lee, Seon Woo Li, Xiuling Ross, Steve R. BE Liu, T TI Development of Ultra-Thin GaAs Photocathodes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Photocathode; NEA; low emmittance; high quantum efficiency; device design; visible light photodetector; non-thermalized; electron momentum; GaAs L-valley; blue photocathode ID ELECTRON SOURCE; WORK FUNCTION; SURFACE; TECHNOLOGY; HYDROGEN AB An ultra thin and highly efficient photocathode structure is designed and optimized for the 400nm optical wavelength regime. The cathode thickness is comparable to the mean free path of the photoelectron allowing design concepts which are built on non-thermalized photoelectrons. Designs for ultra-low emittance and high quantum efficiency are proposed and first test structures are grown and characterized. Additionally, a discussion on the specifics of the transfer and bonding process of ultra-thin cathodes is presented. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier BV. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee C1 [Dowdy, Ryan; Li, Xiuling] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, 208 N Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Attenkofer, Klaus; Frisch, Henry] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frisch, Henry; Lee, Seon Woo; Ross, Steve R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dowdy, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, 208 N Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM rdowdy2@illinois.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office of High Energy Physics [DE- AC0206CH11357] FX Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Office of High Energy Physics under contract DE- AC0206CH11357. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 976 EP 984 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.439 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100126 ER PT S AU Sondheim, W AF Sondheim, Walter CA PHENIX Collaboration BE Liu, T TI Mechanics and assembly of the silicon vertex detector for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE RHIC; PHENIX; Vertex detector ID READOUT AB The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider explores the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter through collisions of beam of heavy nuclei. A second physics program addresses the spin structure of the nucleon through collisions of beams of polarized protons. The PHENIX apparatus has been particularly designed for lepton-pair measurements and comprises detectors for charged-particle tracking, particle identification, calorimetry and collision centrality monitors. Los mass detector systems and high-rate capability have been central to its concept. Recently a silicon vertex detector has been added to the experiment. It will extend the capabilities of PHENIX towards more refined studies involving heavy flavor physics with direct detection of decays. The presented article addresses technical aspects of the vertex detector's mechanical construction and the assembly of its components. It contains various detailed information and may be of interest to a larger scientific and engineering community in the fields of high-energy and heavy-ion physics. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Sondheim, Walter] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Sondheim, W (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 993 EP 1002 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.440 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100128 ER PT S AU Jung, AW Cherry, M Edmunds, D Johnson, M Matulik, M Utes, M Zmuda, T AF Jung, Andreas W. Cherry, M. Edmunds, D. Johnson, M. Matulik, M. Utes, M. Zmuda, T. CA SMT Grp BE Liu, T TI Long-term Running Experience with the Silicon Micro-strip Tracker at the Dempty set detector SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Silicon; micro-strip; long-term operational experience AB The Silicon Micro-strip Tracker (SMT) at the Dempty set experiment in the Fermilab Tevatron collider has been operating since 2001. In 2006, an additional layer, referred to as 'Layer 0', was installed to improve impact parameter resolution and compensate for detector degradation due to radiation damage to the original innermost SMT layer. The SMT detector provides valuable tracking and vertexing information for the experiment. This contribution will highlight aspects of the long term operation of the SMT, including the impact of the silicon readout test-stand. Due to the full integration of the test-stand into the Dempty set trigger framework, this test-stand provides an advantageous tool for training of new experts and studying subtle effects in the SMT while minimizing impact on the global data acquisition. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. peer under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Jung, Andreas W.; Cherry, M.; Edmunds, D.; Johnson, M.; Matulik, M.; Utes, M.; Zmuda, T.; SMT Grp] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Jung, AW (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM ajung@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1003 EP 1008 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.442 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100129 ER PT S AU Back, HO Alton, A Calaprice, F Galbiati, C Goretti, A Kendziora, C Loer, B Montanari, D Mosteiro, P Pordes, S AF Back, H. O. Alton, A. Calaprice, F. Galbiati, C. Goretti, A. Kendziora, C. Loer, B. Montanari, D. Mosteiro, P. Pordes, S. BE Liu, T TI Depleted argon from underground sources SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE argon; cryogenic; distillation; dark matter; scintillator; time projection chamber ID AR-39 AB Argon is a powerful scintillator and an excellent medium for detection of ionization. Its high discrimination power against minimum ionization tracks, in favor of selection of nuclear recoils, makes it an attractive medium for direct detection of WIMP dark matter. However, cosmogenic Ar-39 contamination in atmospheric argon limits the size of liquid argon dark matter detectors due to pile-up. The cosmic ray shielding by the earth means that Argon from deep underground is depleted in Ar-39. In Cortez Colorado a CO2 well has been discovered to contain approximately 500ppm of argon as a contamination in the CO2. In order to produce argon for dark matter detectors we first concentrate the argon locally to 3-5% in an Ar, N-2, and He mixture, from the CO2 through chromatographic gas separation. The N-2 and He will be removed by continuous cryogenic distillation in the Cryogenic Distillation Column recently built at Fermilab. In this talk we will discuss the entire extraction and purification process; with emphasis on the recent commissioning and initial performance of the cryogenic distillation column purification. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Back, H. O.; Calaprice, F.; Galbiati, C.; Goretti, A.; Loer, B.; Mosteiro, P.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kendziora, C.; Montanari, D.; Pordes, S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Alton, A.] Augustana Coll, Dept Phys, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA. RP Back, HO (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM hback@fnal.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1105 EP 1112 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.04.099 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100142 ER PT S AU Muether, M AF Muether, M. CA NOvA Collaboration BE Liu, T TI Initial Performance from the NO nu A Surface Prototype Detector SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE neutrino oscillations; neutrino detector technology AB NO nu A, the NuMI Off-Axis nu(e) Appearance experiment, will study nu(mu) -> nu(e) oscillations characterized by the mixing angle theta(13). Provided theta(13) is large enough, NO nu A may ultimately determine the ordering of the neutrino masses and measure CP violation in neutrino oscillations. A complementary pair of detectors will be constructed similar to 14 mrad off beam axis to optimize the energy profile of the neutrinos. This system consists of a surface based 14 kTon liquid scintillatior tracking volume located 810 km from the main injector source (NuMI) in Ash River, Minnesota and a smaller underground 222 Ton near detector at the Fermilab. The first neutrino signals at the Ash River Site are expected prior to the 2012 accelerator shutdown. In the meantime, a near detector surface prototype has been completed and neutrinos from two Fermilab sources have been observed using the same highly segmented PVC and liquid scintillator detector system that will be deployed in the full scale experiment. Design and initial performance characteristics of this prototype system are being fed back into the design for the full NO nu A program. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Muether, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Neutrino Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Muether, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Neutrino Dept, POB 500,MS 220, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM muether@fnal.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1139 EP 1146 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.453 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100146 ER PT S AU Phan-Budd, S AF Phan-Budd, S. CA NOvA PVC Grp NovA Collaboration BE Liu, T TI Construction of PVC Extrusions for the NO nu A Near and Far Detectors SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Design of Experiments; Neutrino Mass and Mixing AB NO nu A, or NuMI Off-Axis nu(e) Appearance experiment, is a long-baseline neutrino experiment using an off-axis beam produced by the main injector (NuMI) neutrino beamline at Fermilab. The experiment is designed to study nu(mu) to nu(e) oscillations. It consists of two PVC and liquid scintillator detectors and a beamline upgrade. The far detector weighs 14 kton and will be located in Ash River, Minnesota, 810 km from NuMI. The smaller, 220 ton near detector will be located underground at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Each detector consists of planes of PVC extrusions containing liquid scintillator and wavelength shifting fiber. The PVC extrusions are made using a formula specially designed for high reflectivity, ease of extrusion and tensile qualities. Custom extrusion dies and extruding procedures have been created to ensure a uniform product that holds to strict dimensional and material tolerances. The construction of the NO nu A near detector on the surface (NDOS) extrusions will be presented, addressing the challenges of creating physics quality PVC extrusions and the QA techniques used to ensure that quality. Finally, preparations for construction of the far detector will be discussed. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Phan-Budd, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Phan-Budd, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sbudd@anl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1201 EP 1208 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.460 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100154 ER PT S AU Pahlka, RB AF Pahlka, R. B. CA NEMO-3 Collaboration SuperNEMO Collaboration BE Liu, T TI An Apparatus to Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE NEMO-3; SuperNEMO; neutrinoless double beta decay ID NEMO-3 DETECTOR AB The NEMO-3 (Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory) experiment, located in the Modane Underground Laboratory, searches for neutrinoless double beta decay. The experiment has been taking data since 2003 with seven double beta isotopes and completed data acquisition in January 2011. Two neutrino double beta decay results for the main isotopes (7 kg of Mo-100 and 1 kg of Se-82), new results for Nd-150 and Te-130, as well as results for Zr-96 and Ca-48 are presented. NEMO-3 uses a unique technique that allows for the in situ measurement of background contamination. No evidence for neutrinoless double beta decay has been found to date. The data are also interpreted in terms of alternative models such as weak right-handed currents and Majoron emission. In this proceeding, I discussed the measurements made with NEMO-3 and discussed the status, research and design of the next generation experiment, SuperNEMO. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Pahlka, R. B.; NEMO-3 Collaboration; SuperNEMO Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Pahlka, RB (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM pahlka@fnal.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1241 EP 1248 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.463 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100159 ER PT S AU Sangiorgio, S Bernstein, A Coleman, J Foxe, M Hagmann, C Joshi, TH Jovanovic, I Kazkaz, K Movrokoridis, K Pereverzev, S AF Sangiorgio, S. Bernstein, A. Coleman, J. Foxe, M. Hagmann, C. Joshi, T. H. Jovanovic, I. Kazkaz, K. Movrokoridis, K. Pereverzev, S. BE Liu, T TI R&D for the Observation of Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Scatter at a Nuclear Reactor with a Dual-Phase Argon Ionization Detector SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE coherent neutrino scatter; ionization detector; liquid argon; ionization yield nucler recoil AB Coherent scattering of neutrinos on nuclei is a well-predicted Standard Model interaction that has so far eluded all experimental attempts to detect it due to its extremely low-energy signature. Detection of coherent neutrino scattering relies on the ability to measure the tiny recoil energy (few keV for reactor neutrinos) of the target nucleus - a challenge that dual-phase noble-element detectors might be able to tackle, as indicated by their successful use in Dark Matter searches. For this reason, we have constructed and started to characterize a small dual-phase Argon detector as a first step toward searching for coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering at a nuclear reactor. This detector will be used to measure a key parameter: the nuclear ionization quench factor in the yet unexplored recoil energy range of few keV and below. After discussing the detector design, we will examine our plans to perform this measurement with two different techniques. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Sangiorgio, S.; Bernstein, A.; Hagmann, C.; Joshi, T. H.; Kazkaz, K.; Pereverzev, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Joshi, T. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys Nucl, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Coleman, J.; Movrokoridis, K.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Foxe, M.; Jovanovic, I.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sangiorgio, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM sangiorgio1@llnl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE- AC52- 07NA27344]; Lab- wide LDRD [LLNL- PROC- 505912] FX The authors are grateful to R. Hill for his precious engineering support. This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE- AC52- 07NA27344. Funded by Lab- wide LDRD. LLNL- PROC- 505912. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1266 EP 1272 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.465 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100162 ER PT S AU Yu, B Makowiecki, DS Mahler, GJ Radeka, V Thorn, C Baller, B Jostlein, H Fleming, BT AF Yu, B. Makowiecki, D. S. Mahler, G. J. Radeka, V. Thorn, C. Baller, B. Jostlein, H. Fleming, B. T. BE Liu, T TI Designs of Large Liquid Argon TPCs - from MicroBooNE to LBNE LAr40 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Time projection chamber; Liquid Argon TPC; LArTPC; LBNE AB Liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) is a unique technology well suited for large scale detectors of neutrinos and other rare processes. Its combination of millimeter scale 3D precision particle tracking and calorimetry with good dE/dx resolution provide excellent efficiency of particle identification and background rejection. MicroBooNE is a LArTPC about to enter its final design phase and is scheduled for construction in 2012. Its active volume contains 86 ton of LAr. It has a 2.6m drift distance, 8256 sense wires connected to cold CMOS analog front-end electronics. Most of the TPC design features improve upon existing tried and true techniques. The LAr40 is one of the two far detector options under consideration for the Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE). Its conceptual design has 40 kton active liquid argon mass, to be installed underground at a moderate depth. Due to its large scale, and underground siting, great emphasis was placed on the detector cost and reliability. A modular TPC design is the key to achieve these goals. The LAr40 consists of two 20 kton detectors in one underground cavern. Each detector is in turn constructed from an array of TPC modules. Innovative concepts enable the modules to be tiled with minimal dead space. An overview of both detectors is presented. The designs of key elements in these two TPCs are described in detail. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Yu, B.; Makowiecki, D. S.; Mahler, G. J.; Radeka, V.; Thorn, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Baller, B.; Jostlein, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Fleming, B. T.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Yu, B (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yu@bnl.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1279 EP 1286 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.737 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100164 ER PT S AU Chen, H De Geronimo, G Lanni, F Lissauer, D Makowiecki, D Radeka, V Rescia, S Thorn, C Yu, B AF Chen, H. De Geronimo, G. Lanni, F. Lissauer, D. Makowiecki, D. Radeka, V. Rescia, S. Thorn, C. Yu, B. BE Liu, T TI Front End Readout Electronics of the MicroBooNE Experiment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Time projection chamber; Liquid Argon TPC; Readout electronics; Cryogenic electronics AB MicroBooNE experiment is to build a similar to 170 tons Liquid Argon (LAr) Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detector that will observe interactions of neutrinos from the on-axis Booster Neutrino Beam and off-axis NuMI Beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The experiment will address the low energy excess observed by the MiniBooNE experiment, measure low energy neutrino cross sections, and serve as the necessary next step in a phased program towards massive Liquid Argon TPC detectors. MicroBooNE TPC will have 3 readout wire planes with 8,256 wires/signal channels. All the signals will be pre-amplified, shaped, digitized and pre-processed online before recording for offline analysis of a wide variety of physics programs. To optimize the detector performance and signal-to-noise ratio, analog front end ASIC designed in 180 nm CMOS technology will be deployed and operated in LAr. Pre-amplified and shaped detector signals will be differentially driven to ADC boards operated in detector hall where signals are digitized and prepared for online data pre-processing in FPGAs. This article is an overview of the front end readout architecture of the MicroBooNE experiment, which describes the development of the front end readout electronics and preliminary test results. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Chen, H.; De Geronimo, G.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Makowiecki, D.; Radeka, V.; Rescia, S.; Thorn, C.; Yu, B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM chc@bnl.gov NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1287 EP 1294 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.471 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100165 ER PT S AU Thorn, C De Geronimo, G D'Andragora, A Li, SR Nambiar, N Rescia, S Vernon, E Chen, HC Lanni, F Makowiecki, D Radeka, V Yu, B AF Thorn, C. De Geronimo, Gianluigi D'Andragora, Alessio Li, Shaorui Nambiar, Neena Rescia, Sergio Vernon, Emerson Chen, Hucheng Lanni, Francesco Makowiecki, Don Radeka, Veljko Yu, Bo BE Liu, T TI Cold electronics development for the LBNE LAr TPC SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Time projection chamber; Liquid argon TPC; Cryogenic electronics; CMOS ASIC ID DETECTOR AB The LBNE Project is developing a design for multiple 20 kiloton liquid argon (LAr) time projection chambers to be used as the far detector for the Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment. An essential component of this design is a complete electronic readout system designed to operate in LAr (at 90K). This system is being implemented as a CMOS ASIC, in 180 nm commercial technology, that will provide low-noise readout of the signals induced on the TPC wires, digitization of those signals at 2 MS/s, zero-suppression, buffering and output multiplexing to a small number of cryostat feed-throughs. A resolution better than 1000 rms electrons at 200 pF input capacitance for an input range of 300 fC is required, along with low power (<15mW/channel) and operation in LAr with a lifetime greater than 15 years. An analog-only frontend has been successfully completed and fully evaluated, and will be used in the MicroBooNE LAr TPC. A prototype of the digital section has been fabricated and is being evaluated. The results demonstrate that CMOS transistors have lower noise and much improved dc characteristics at LAr temperature. We will describe the progress to date and plans for the remaining development. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Thorn, C.; De Geronimo, Gianluigi; D'Andragora, Alessio; Li, Shaorui; Nambiar, Neena; Rescia, Sergio; Vernon, Emerson; Chen, Hucheng; Lanni, Francesco; Makowiecki, Don; Radeka, Veljko; Yu, Bo] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Thorn, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM thorn@bnl.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1295 EP 1302 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.473 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100166 ER PT S AU Diehl, HT AF Diehl, H. Thomas BE Liu, T TI The Dark Energy Survey Camera (DECam) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Dark Energy; Dark Energy Camera; Blanco Telescope; Cerro Tolo Inter-American Observatory AB The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is a next generation optical survey aimed at understanding the expansion rate of the Universe using four complementary methods: weak gravitational lensing, galaxy cluster counts, baryon acoustic oscillations, and Type Ia supernovae. To perform the survey, the DES Collaboration is building the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), a 3 square degree, 570 Megapixel CCD camera that will be mounted at the prime focus of the Blanco 4-meter telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. CCD production has finished, yielding roughly twice the required 62 2kx4k detectors. The construction of DECam is nearly finished. Integration and commissioning on a "telescope simulator" of the major hardware and software components, except for the optics, recently concluded at Fermilab. Final assembly of the optical corrector has started at University College, London. Some components have already been received at CTIO. "First-light" will be sometime in 2012. This oral presentation concentrates on the technical challenges involved in building DECam (and how we overcame them), and the present status of the instrument. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Diehl, HT (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM Diehl@FNAL.GOV NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1332 EP 1340 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.472 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100171 ER PT S AU Wang, G Yefremenko, V Novosad, V Pearson, J Divan, R Chang, CL Bleem, L Crites, AT Mehl, J Benson, BA Natoli, T Story, K Meyer, SS Carlstrom, JE McMahon, J Sayre, J Ruhl, J George, E Harrington, N Reichardt, C Shirokoff, E Young, E Lee, A Holzapfel, W AF Wang, G. Yefremenko, V. Novosad, V. Pearson, J. Divan, R. Chang, C. L. Bleem, L. Crites, A. T. Mehl, J. Benson, B. A. Natoli, T. Story, K. Meyer, S. S. Carlstrom, J. E. McMahon, J. Sayre, J. Ruhl, J. George, E. Harrington, N. Reichardt, C. Shirokoff, E. Young, E. Lee, A. Holzapfel, W. BE Liu, T TI An Absorber-coupled TES Bolometer for Measuring CMB Polarization SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Bolometer; Transition edge sensor; Heat transport; CMB ID SILICON; SCATTERING AB We report an absorber-coupled superconducting Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometric polarimeter for measuring Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-mode polarization. The polarimeter consists of a dipole-like PdAu absorber and a Mo/Au bi-layer TES on a suspended silicon nitride rectangle. Its design, fabrication, thermal properties, and optical performance are presented. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Wang, G.; Chang, C. L.; Carlstrom, J. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yefremenko, V.; Novosad, V.; Pearson, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Divan, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chang, C. L.; Bleem, L.; Crites, A. T.; Mehl, J.; Benson, B. A.; Natoli, T.; Story, K.; Meyer, S. S.; Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [George, E.; Harrington, N.; Reichardt, C.; Shirokoff, E.; Young, E.; Lee, A.; Holzapfel, W.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sayre, J.; Ruhl, J.] Univ Calif, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM gwang@anl.gov RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 FU NIST Quantum Sensors Group at Boulder for providing SQUIDs; Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [ANT-0638937]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support from the NIST Quantum Sensors Group at Boulder for providing SQUIDs, and to thank Matthew E. Kenyon at JPL for suggestions in devices fabrication. The work at Argonne National Laboratory, including the use of facility at the Center for Nanoscale Materials ( CNM), is supported by Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work at the University of Chicago is supported by the NSF through grant ANT-0638937 and the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago. It also receives generous support from the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1349 EP 1354 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.468 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100173 ER PT S AU Zitzer, B AF Zitzer, Benjamin CA VERITAS Collaboration BE Liu, T TI Upgrade plans for VERITAS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE VERITAS; IACT; Photomulitplier Tube; FPGA; TeV Astronomy; VHE Astronomy ID TELESCOPE AB The VERITAS array, consisting of four 12m diameter Cherenkov telescopes, has been observing the northern sky in VHE gamma rays (E > 100 GeV) for four years with high sensitivity (1% Crab Nebula flux in similar to 25 hours), with excellent energy and angular resolution. Exciting new results on a variety of VHE gamma-ray sources, both galactic and extra-galactic, have been obtained. Technical developments and Monte Carlo simulation results suggest that substantial further improvements to the array performance are possible. Here we present details of the planned upgrade of the VERITAS camera and trigger electronics. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Zitzer, Benjamin] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zitzer, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Bldg 362, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bzitzer@hep.anl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1365 EP 1372 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.740 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100175 ER PT S AU Kubik, D AF Kubik, Donna BE Liu, T TI The Fermilab Large Cold Blackbody Test Stand for CMB R&D SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE QUIET; cosmic microwave background; polarization; microwave receivers AB The Fermilab Large Cold Blackbody Test Stand can be used to expose a microwave receiver and horn assembly to a large blackbody at cryogenic temperatures (as low as 20 K). The temperature of the blackbody can be varied while keeping the receiver temperature constant, facilitating Y-factor measurements of the receiver noise temperature and gain. The test stand has recently been used for studying a QUIET-I receiver module. The test stand will be used to measure both QUIET-I and prototype QUIET-II modules. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Kubik, Donna] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kubik, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kubik@fnal.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1421 EP 1426 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.743 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100182 ER PT S AU Kubik, D AF Kubik, Donna CA Dark Energy Survey Collaboration BE Liu, T TI CCD testing for DECam (Dark Energy Survey Camera) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE CCDs; focal plane arrays AB The Dark Energy Survey Camera (DECam) will be comprised of a mosaic of 74 charge-coupled devices (CCDs). The DES science goals set stringent technical requirements for the CCDs. The CCDs are provided by LBNL with valuable cold probe data at 233 K, providing an indication of which CCDs are more likely to pass. After comprehensive testing of 270 CCDs at 273 K, 124 qualify as science grade. Testing this large number of CCDs to determine which best meet the DES requirements is a very time-consuking task. We developed a multistage testing program to automatically collect and analyze CCD test data. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Kubik, Donna] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kubik, D (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM kubik@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1427 EP 1434 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.744 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100183 ER PT S AU Soares-Santos, M Annis, J Bonati, M Buckley-Geer, E Cease, H DePoy, D Derylo, G Diehl, HT Elliott, A Estrada, J Finley, D Flaugher, B Frieman, J Hao, J Honscheid, K Karliner, I Krempetz, K Kuehn, K Kuhlmann, S Kuk, K Lin, H Merrit, W Neilsen, E Scott, L Serrano, S Shaw, T Schultz, K Stuermer, W Sypniewski, A Thaler, J Walker, A Walton, J Wester, W Yanny, B AF Soares-Santos, M. Annis, J. Bonati, M. Buckley-Geer, E. Cease, H. DePoy, D. Derylo, G. Diehl, H. T. Elliott, A. Estrada, J. Finley, D. Flaugher, B. Frieman, J. Hao, J. Honscheid, K. Karliner, I. Krempetz, K. Kuehn, K. Kuhlmann, S. Kuk, K. Lin, H. Merrit, W. Neilsen, E. Scott, L. Serrano, S. Shaw, T. Schultz, K. Stuermer, W. Sypniewski, A. Thaler, J. Walker, A. Walton, J. Wester, W. Yanny, B. CA Des Collaboration BE Liu, T TI DECam integration tests on telescope simulator SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Dark Energy; CCD; camera; survey AB The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is a next generation optical survey aimed at measuring the expansion history of the universe using four probes: weak gravitational lensing, galaxy cluster counts, baryon acoustic oscillations, and Type Ia supernovae. To perform the survey, the DES Collaboration is building the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), a 3 square degree, 570 Megapixel CCD camera which will be mounted at the Blanco 4-meter telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. DES will survey 5000 square degrees of the southern galactic cap in 5 filters (g, r, i, z, Y). DECam will be comprised of 74 250 micron thick fully depleted CCDs: 62 2k x 4k CCDs for imaging and 12 2k x 2k CCDs for guiding and focus. Construction of DECam is nearing completion. In order to verify that the camera meets technical specifications for DES and to reduce the time required to commission the instrument, we have constructed a full sized telescope simulator and performed full system testing and integration prior to shipping. To complete this comprehensive test phase we have simulated a DES observing run in which we have collected 4 nights worth of data. We report on the results of these unique tests performed for the DECam and its impact on the experiment's progress. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Soares-Santos, M.; Annis, J.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Cease, H.; Derylo, G.; Diehl, H. T.; Estrada, J.; Finley, D.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, J.; Hao, J.; Krempetz, K.; Kuk, K.; Lin, H.; Merrit, W.; Neilsen, E.; Scott, L.; Shaw, T.; Schultz, K.; Stuermer, W.; Wester, W.; Yanny, B.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Soares-Santos, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM marcelle@fnal.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1445 EP 1452 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.480 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100185 ER PT S AU Zheng, B Walder, JP von der Lippe, H Moses, W Janecek, M AF Zheng, Bob Walder, Jean-Pierre von der Lippe, Henrik Moses, William Janecek, Martin BE Liu, T TI A High-speed Adaptively-biased Current-to-current Front-end for SSPM Arrays SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE SSPM; SiPM; G-APD; Anger logic; Resistor ladder; Current conveyor; ASIC; PET ID PET; PHOTOMULTIPLIER AB Solid-state photomultiplier (SSPM) arrays are an interesting technology for use in PET detector modules due to their low cost, high compactness, insensitivity to magnetic fields, and sub-nanosecond timing resolution. However, the large intrinsic capacitance of SSPM arrays results in RC time constants that can severely degrade the response time, which leads to a trade-off between array size and speed. Instead, we propose a front-end that utilizes an adaptively biased current-to-current converter that minimizes the resistance seen by the SSPM array, thus preserving the timing resolution for both large and small arrays. This enables the use of large SSPM arrays with resistive networks, which creates position information and minimizes the number of outputs for compatibility with general PET multiplexing schemes. By tuning the bias of the feedback amplifier, the chip allows for precise control of the close-loop gain, ensuring stability and fast operation from loads as small as 50pF to loads as large as 1nF. The chip has 16 input channels, and 4 outputs capable of driving 100 Omega loads. The power consumption is 12mW per channel and 360mW for the entire chip. The chip has been designed and fabricated in an AMS 0.35um high-voltage technology, and demonstrates a fast rise-time response and low noise performances. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Zheng, Bob; Walder, Jean-Pierre; von der Lippe, Henrik; Moses, William; Janecek, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zheng, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1473 EP 1479 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.04.102 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100189 ER PT S AU Contarato, D Denes, P Doering, D Joseph, J Krieger, B AF Contarato, Devis Denes, Peter Doering, Dionisio Joseph, John Krieger, Brad BE Liu, T TI High Speed, Radiation Hard CMOS Pixel Sensors for Transmission Electron Microscopy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Monolithic active pixel sensors; Transmission Electron Microscopy ID DETECTOR AB CMOS monolithic active pixel sensors are currently being established as the technology of choice for new generation digital imaging systems in Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). A careful sensor design that couples mu m-level pixel pitches with high frame rate readout and radiation hardness to very high electron doses enables the fabrication of direct electron detectors that are quickly revolutionizing high-resolution TEM imaging in material science and molecular biology. This paper will review the principal characteristics of this novel technology and its advantages over conventional, optically-coupled cameras, and retrace the sensor development driven by the Transmission Electron Aberration-corrected Microscope (TEAM) project at the LBNL National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), illustrating in particular the imaging capabilities enabled by single electron detection at high frame rate. Further, the presentation will report on the translation of the TEAM technology to a finer feature size process, resulting in a sensor with higher spatial resolution and superior radiation tolerance currently serving as the baseline for a commercial camera system. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Contarato, Devis; Denes, Peter; Doering, Dionisio; Joseph, John; Krieger, Brad] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Contarato, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DContarato@lbl.gov NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1504 EP 1510 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.04.103 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100193 ER PT S AU Ramberg, EJ AF Ramberg, Erik J. BE Liu, T TI A Summary of Timing Measurements at Fermilab for PET-TOF SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Photodetectors; medical imaging; PET-TOF; fast timing ID TEST BEAM FACILITY AB One of the key parameters of new photodetectors for use in medical imaging is their excellent timing resolution. Fermilab has been investigating the timing properties of microchannel plate photomultipliers and silicon photomultipliers, with measurements in the lab and at Fermilab's Test Beam Facility. We report on the technology we use to obtain picosecond level measurements and discuss the systematics involved in these measurements. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Ramberg, EJ (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM ramberg@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1518 EP 1522 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.05.328 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100195 ER PT S AU Abramovitch, J Arviddson, B Dunn, K Gong, DT Huffman, T Issever, C Jones, M Kerridge, C Kierstead, J Kuyt, G Liu, CH Liu, TK Povey, A Regnier, E Ryder, NC Tassie, N Weidberg, T Xiang, ANC Ye, JB AF Abramovitch, Joshua Arviddson, B. Dunn, K. Gong, Datao Huffman, Todd Issever, C. Jones, M. Kerridge, Cotty Kierstead, James Kuyt, G. Liu, Chonghan Liu, Tiankuan Povey, A. Regnier, E. Ryder, N. C. Tassie, Nnadozie Weidberg, Tony Xiang, Annie C. Ye, Jingbo BE Liu, T TI The radiation tolerance of specific optical fibers for the LHC upgrades SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Radiation damage to electronic components; Radiation damage evaluation methods; Optical detector readout concepts AB Optical fibers in the readout system for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) upgrades will operate in a harsh radiactive environment. The fibers within 12 meters from the front-end detectors are exposed up to total ionizing dose of 250 kGy(Si) in their 10 year operational lifetime. In some applications, the fibers within the tracking volume are kept in a cold environment near -25 degrees C. The paper presents the identification of suitable optical fibers for the LHC detector upgrades. Several optical fibers have been tested to 650 kGy(Si) at room temperature with various dose rates of Co-60 gamma rays. Two multi-mode fibers and one single-mode fiber have been qualified for use in the LHC upgrades for warm operations. Four optical fibers have been tested to 500 kGy(Si) at -25 degrees C with 27 kGy(Si)/hr Co-60 gamma rays. Two SM fibers have been qualified for the LHC upgrades for cold operations. Several optical fibers, including two MM fibers, have been tested up to 11 kGy(Si) at -25 degrees C with 70 Gy(Si)/hr Co-60 gamma rays and exhibited moderate radiation induced attenuation (RIA, indicating that all tested fibers are potential candidates for the LHC upgrades for warm and cold operations. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Abramovitch, Joshua; Gong, Datao; Kerridge, Cotty; Liu, Chonghan; Liu, Tiankuan; Tassie, Nnadozie; Xiang, Annie C.; Ye, Jingbo] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, 3215 Daniel Ave, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Arviddson, B.] Ericsson Network Technol AB, S-82482 Hudiksvall, Sweden. [Dunn, K.; Huffman, Todd; Issever, C.; Jones, M.; Povey, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Weidberg, Tony] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Kierstead, James] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kuyt, G.; Regnier, E.] Draka Commun, F-94160 Marcoussis, France. RP Abramovitch, J (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, 3215 Daniel Ave, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. EM jabramovit@smu.edu FU US- ATLAS; Hamilton Scholars Program at SMU FX This research is supported by US- ATLAS and the Hamilton Scholars Program at SMU. The authors would like to thank Drs. Stephen L. Kramer and Peter Cameron at Brookhaven National Laboratory; Drs. Jan Troska and at Fermi National Laboratory for their collaboration and guidance with this research. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1632 EP 1643 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100209 ER PT S AU Caminada, L AF Caminada, Lea BE Liu, T TI Recent Developments of HEP Pixel Detector Readout Chips SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Pixel Detectors; Semiconductor Detectors; LHC; Front-End Electronics AB This article reviews the development of readout integrated circuits for hybrid pixel particle physics detectors. The 250-nm feature size chips in the presently operating ATLAS and CMS experiments are compared with the current state of the art in 130-nm feature size represented by the FE-I4 chip that will be used to add a new beam pipe layer for the ATLAS experiment in 2013 and the upgrade options of the CMS pixel readout chip. This includes a discussion of the array and pixel size, analog performance, readout architecture, power consumption, power distribution options and radiation hardness. Finally, recent work in 65-nm feature size as a means to continue the evolution of readout chip technology towards smaller feature size, higher rate, and lower power is presented. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Caminada, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lcaminada@lbl.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1644 EP 1653 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.488 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100210 ER PT S AU Grace, C Gnani, D Walder, JP Zheng, B AF Grace, Carl Gnani, Dario Walder, Jean-Pierre Zheng, Bob BE Liu, T TI A Flexible Front-End Signal Processor for High-Speed Image Sensor Readout SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) AB The High-Speed Image Pre-Processor with Oversampling (HIPPO) is a prototype image sensor readout integrated circuit designed for both high performance and enhanced flexibility. HIPPO's initial target application is the instrumentation of bufferless, column-parallel, soft x-ray Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) image sensors operating at column rates up to 10 MHz, enabling 10,000 frames-per-second (fps) video rates. HIPPO's architecture is flexible and allows design tradeoffs between speed, accuracy, and area. This architectural flexibility will enable the fast development of related image sensor and particle detector readout ICs based on HIPPO technology. HIPPO contains 16 channels, each comprising a charge amplifier, a dual-slope correlated double sampler, a sample-and-hold, a multiplexed 12b, 80 MS/s pipelined ADC (one ADC for every 4 channels), and a 480 Mb/s output serializer. HIPPO achieves 35 e-read noise at 10,000 fps for a 1 Mpixel sensor, improving to 24 e-at 5000 fps. HIPPO's charge-domain input obviates the source follower amplifier used in most CCDs and enables the implementation of a fully column-parallel CCD architecture. HIPPO was specifically designed to be flexible in both the sequencing of its operations and in its ability to accommodate input rates potentially varying over an order of magnitude. C1 [Grace, Carl] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grace, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1674 EP 1689 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.491 PG 16 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100213 ER PT S AU Chen, HC AF Chen, Hucheng CA ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter Grp BE Liu, T TI Readout Electronics for the ATLAS LAr Calorimeter at HL-LHC SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Liquid Argon calorimeter; Readout electronics; Radiation hardness AB The ATLAS Liquid Argon (LAr) calorimeters are high precision, high sensitivity and high granularity detectors designed to provide precision measurements of electrons, photons, jets and missing transverse energy. ATLAS and its LAr calorimeters have been operating and collecting proton-proton collisions at LHC since 2009. The current front-end electronics of the LAr calorimeters need to be upgraded to sustain the higher radiation levels and data rates expected at the upgraded high luminosity LHC machine (HL-LHC), which will have 5 times more luminosity than the LHC in its ultimate configuration. The complexity of the present electronics and the obsolescence of some of components of which it is made, will not allow a partial replacement of the system. A completely new readout architecture scheme is under study and many components are being developed in various R&D programs of the LAr Calorimeter Group. The new front-end readout electronics will send data continuously at each bunch crossing through high speed radiation resistant optical links. The data will be processed real-time with the possibility of implementing trigger algorithms for clusters and electron/photon identification at a higher granularity than that which is currently implemented. The new architecture will eliminate the intrinsic limitation presently existing on Level-1 trigger acceptance. This article is an overview of the R&D activities which covers architectural design aspects of the new electronics as well as some detailed progress on the development of several ASICs needed, and preliminary studies with FPGAs to cover the backend functions including part of the Level-1 trigger requirements. A recently proposed staged upgrade with hybrid Tower Builder Board (TBB) is also described. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Chen, Hucheng; ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter Grp] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chen, HC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM chc@bnl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1720 EP 1729 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.494 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100218 ER PT S AU Rajagopalan, S AF Rajagopalan, S. CA ATLAS Collaboration BE Liu, T TI The Performance of the ATLAS Trigger System in the LHC proton-proton Collisions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE ATLAS; Trigger; DAQ AB The ATLAS Trigger System has collected proton- proton collisions over six orders of magnitude in instantaneous luminosity during the 2010- 2011 LHC running. The trigger system is designed to reduce the collision rate from 40 MHz to 200 Hz using a hardware- based Level 1 (L1) trigger and a software- based High Level Trigger (HLT). The trigger selection is based on identifying object candidates, such as electrons, photons, muons, tau leptons, and jets as well as global event features, such as missing transverse energy. This report will present the commissioning, operations and performance of the ATLAS trigger system with a focus on the performance of the system with respect to data collected for physics analysis. We describe how the trigger system has evolved with increasing LHC luminosity and give a brief overview of plans for higher luminosity LHC running. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Rajagopalan, S.; ATLAS Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rajagopalan, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1781 EP 1790 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.503 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100226 ER PT S AU Fernando, W Delurgio, P Salvachua, B Stanek, R Underwood, D Lopez, D AF Fernando, W. Delurgio, P. Salvachua, B. Stanek, R. Underwood, D. Lopez, D. BE Liu, T TI Optical Data Links - Technology for Reliability and Free Space Links SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Optical modulators; Free-space communnication; Optical communication; MEMS mirrors; Optical links for HEP AB We discuss the advantages of various kinds of light modulators with respect to Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) in terms of potential reliability, radiation hardness, and low power consumption. We also discuss free space optical links which could use these modulators as well as MEMS mirrors and other technology which we are developing. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Fernando, W.; Delurgio, P.; Salvachua, B.; Stanek, R.; Underwood, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, High Eergy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lopez, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fernando, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, High Eergy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dgu@hep.anl.gov FU U.S.Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Division of High Energy Physics [KA-15-03-02] FX The authors would like to thank the HEP Division electronics group for assisting in the filter development and frequency measurements. This work was supported in part by the U.S.Department of Energy, under Contract ( DE-AC02-06CH11357) and Division of High Energy Physics, under Contract KA-15-03-02. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1805 EP 1812 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.507 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100229 ER PT S AU Badgett, W Chakaberia, I Lopez-Perez, JA Maeshima, K Maruyama, S Soha, A Sulmanas, B Wan, ZR AF Badgett, William Chakaberia, Irakli Lopez-Perez, Juan Antonio Maeshima, Kaori Maruyama, Sho Soha, Aron Sulmanas, Balys Wan, Zongru BE Liu, T TI CMS Online Web-Based Monitoring SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Web-based monitoring; Online AB For large international High Energy Physics experiments, modern web technologies make the online monitoring of detector status, data acquisition status, trigger rates, luminosity, etc., accessible for the collaborators anywhere and anytime. This helps the collaborating experts monitor the status of the experiment, identify the problems and improve data taking efficiency. We present the online Web-Based Monitoring project of the CMS experiment at the LHC at CERN. The data sources are relational databases and various messaging systems. The project provides a vast amount of in-depth information including real-time data, historical trends and correlations in a user-friendly way. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 2011. C1 [Badgett, William; Lopez-Perez, Juan Antonio; Maeshima, Kaori; Maruyama, Sho; Soha, Aron; Sulmanas, Balys; Wan, Zongru] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Chakaberia, Irakli; Wan, Zongru] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wan, Zongru] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Maruyama, Sho] Univ Calif Davis, Livermore, CA 95616 USA. RP Badgett, W (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM zrwan@fnal.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1869 EP 1875 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.510 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100238 ER PT S AU Chramowicz, J Kwan, S Prosser, AG Winchell, M AF Chramowicz, J. Kwan, S. Prosser, A. G. Winchell, M. BE Liu, T TI Applications of emerging parallel optical link technology to high energy physics experiments SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Versatile Link; parallel optics; fibre optic communications AB Modern particle detectors depend upon optical fiber links to deliver event data to upstream trigger and data processing systems. Future detector systems can benefit from the development of dense arrangements of high speed optical links emerging from the telecommunications and storage area network market segments. These links support data transfers in each direction at rates up to 120 Gbps in packages that minimize or even eliminate edge connector requirements. Emerging products include a class of devices known as optical engines which permit assembly of the optical transceivers in close proximity to the electrical interfaces of ASICs and FPGAs which handle the data in parallel electrical format. Such assemblies will reduce required printed circuit board area and minimize electromagnetic interference and susceptibility. We will present test results of some of these parallel components and report on the development of pluggable FPGA Mezzanine Cards equipped with optical engines to provide to collaborators on the Versatile Link Common Project for the HI-LHC at CERN. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Chramowicz, J.; Kwan, S.; Prosser, A. G.; Winchell, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Elect Syst Engn, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Prosser, AG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Elect Syst Engn, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM aprosser@fnal.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1917 EP 1924 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.513 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100244 ER PT S AU Liu, T Hoff, J Deptuch, G Yarema, R AF Liu, Ted Hoff, Jim Deptuch, Grzegorz Yarema, Ray BE Liu, T TI A New Concept of Vertically Integrated Pattern Recognition Associative Memory SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE 3D Integration; Content Addressable Memories; CAM; Tracking Trigger; Associative Memory; Pattern Recognition ID CDF AB Hardware-based pattern recognition for fast triggering on particle tracks has been successfully used in high-energy physics experiments for some time. The CDF Silicon Vertex Trigger (SVT) at the Fermilab Tevatron is an excellent example. The method used there, developed in the 1990's, is based on algorithms that use a massively parallel associative memory architecture to identify patterns efficiently at high speed. However, due to much higher occupancy and event rates at the LHC, and the fact that the LHC detectors have a much larger number of channels in their tracking detectors, there is an enormous challenge in implementing fast pattern recognition for a track trigger, requiring about three orders of magnitude more associative memory patterns than what was used in the original CDF SVT. Scaling of current technologies is unlikely to satisfy the scientific needs of the future, and investments in transformational new technologies need to be made. In this paper, we will discuss a new concept of using the emerging 3D vertical integration technology to significantly advance the state-of-the-art for fast pattern recognition within and outside HEP. A generic R&D proposal [1] based on this new concept, with a few institutions involved, has recently been submitted to DOE with the goal to design and perform the ASIC engineering necessary to realize a prototype device. The progress of this R&D project will be reported in the future. Here we will only focus on the concept of this new approach. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Liu, Ted; Hoff, Jim; Deptuch, Grzegorz; Yarema, Ray] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Particle Phys Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Liu, T (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Particle Phys Div, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM thliu@fnal.gov; jimhoff@fnal.gov NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 1973 EP 1982 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.521 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100251 ER PT S AU Mokhov, NV Striganov, SI AF Mokhov, N. V. Striganov, S. I. BE Liu, T TI Detector Backgrounds at Muon Colliders SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Muon collider; backgrounds; Monte Carlo; MARS15 AB The physics goals of a Muon Collider (MC) can only be achieved with appropriate, self-consistent designs of the ring, interaction region (IR), high-field superconducting magnets, machine-detector interface (MDI) and detector. Recent results from realistically-implemented simulation studies are presented here for a 1.5-TeV MC. It is shown that if the IR and MDI are designed with appropriate shielding, background rates are significantly suppressed in the MC detector. The main characteristics of these backgrounds are also presented. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Mokhov, N. V.; Striganov, S. I.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Mokhov, NV (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM mokhov@fnal.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 2015 EP 2022 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.761 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100257 ER PT S AU Warner, A Wu, J AF Warner, A. Wu, J. BE Liu, T TI Cryogenic Loss Monitors with FPGA TDC Signal Processing SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Cryogenic Loss Monitors; Dark Current; FPGA-TDC AB Radiation hard helium gas ionization chambers capable of operating in vacuum at temperatures ranging from 5K to 350K have been designed, fabricated and tested and will be used inside the cryostats at Fermilab's Superconducting Radiofrequency beam test facility. The chamber vessels are made of stainless steel and all materials used including seals are known to be radiation hard and suitable for operation at 5K. The chambers are designed to measure radiation up to 30 kRad/hr with sensitivity of approximately 1.9 pA/(Rad/hr). The signal current is measured with a recycling integrator current-to-frequency converter to achieve a required measurement capability for low current and a wide dynamic range. A novel scheme of using an FPGA-based time-to-digital converter (TDC) to measure time intervals between pulses output from the recycling integrator is employed to ensure a fast beam loss response along with a current measurement resolution better than 10-bit. This paper will describe the results obtained and highlight the processing techniques used. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Warner, A.; Wu, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Warner, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM warner@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 2031 EP 2038 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.762 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100259 ER PT S AU Faus-Golfe, A Gonzalvo, JA Gutierrez, CB McCormick, D Cruz, J Woodley, M White, G AF Faus-Golfe, A. Gonzalvo, J. Alabau Gutierrez, C. Blanch McCormick, D. Cruz, J. Woodley, M. White, G. BE Liu, T TI Multi-OTR System for ATF2 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE Optical Transition Radiation; Beam Size Measurement; Emittance Measurement AB In this paper we describe the first measurements performed during fall of 2010 and the beginning of 2011. We discuss software development, realistic simulations and new hardware improvements of a Multi-Optical Transition Radiation System installed in the beam diagnostics section of the Extraction (EXT) line of ATF2, close to the Multi Wire Scanner System. 2D emittance measurements have been successfully demonstrated and the system is being routinely used for coupling correction. Realistic beam simulations have been made and compared with measurements. A 4D emittance procedure is being prepared and some preliminary measurements have been performed. An improved optical system including a demagnifier lens to improve the beam finding procedure is being designed and will be installed during the autumn 2011 operations period. A systematic measurement campaign will take place after recovery of ATF operations (post the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake), then a comparison with wire scanners can be done. This will be a definitive test of the OTR as a beam emittance diagnostic device, which will provide fast beam emittance measurements with high statistics, giving a low error and a good understanding of emittance jitter and sources. C1 [Faus-Golfe, A.; Gonzalvo, J. Alabau; Gutierrez, C. Blanch] UV, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Paterna, Spain. [Cruz, J.; Woodley, M.; White, G.] Stanford Linear Accelerator, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Faus-Golfe, A (reprint author), UV, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Paterna, Spain. EM Angeles.Faus-Golfe@uv.es FU ATF group at KEK FX We would like to thank the ATF group at KEK for all the support, especially N. Terunuma for his continuous help on the installation NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 2072 EP 2079 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.525 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100264 ER PT S AU Briegel, C Heikkinen, DS Jensen, DA Ibrahim, MA McClure, C Prieto, P Purcell-Taylor, LS Schoo, D Tassotto, G AF Briegel, Charlie Heikkinen, Dallas S. Jensen, D. A. Ibrahim, M. A. McClure, C. Prieto, Peter Purcell-Taylor, Linda Sue Schoo, Daniel Tassotto, Gianni BE Liu, T TI NuMI primary beam monitoring SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE NuMI; Beam; BPM; SEM; Toroid AB The position and intensity of the Fermilab Main Injector 128 GeV proton beam being delivered to NuMI have been monitored since the start of beam delivery in 2005. The results of this monitoring, and the monitoring of the performance of the instrumentation are discussed. Upgrades to and tests of improved SEM (multiwire Secondary Emission Monitors) are also discussed. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the organizing committee for TIPP 11. C1 [Briegel, Charlie; Heikkinen, Dallas S.; Jensen, D. A.; Ibrahim, M. A.; McClure, C.; Prieto, Peter; Purcell-Taylor, Linda Sue; Schoo, Daniel; Tassotto, Gianni] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Briegel, C (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM DJensen@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 2106 EP 2113 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.04.112 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100268 ER PT S AU Scarpine, VE AF Scarpine, Victor E. BE Liu, T TI Transverse Beam Shape Measurements of Intense Proton Beams Using Optical Transition Radiation SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTATION IN PARTICLE PHYSICS (TIPP 2011) SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP) CY JUN 09-14, 2011 CL Chicago, IL SP Fermilab, NSF, Fermi Res Alliance, APS Phys, U S Dept Energy, Argonne Natl Lab, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys (IUPAP) DE optical transition radiation; beam instrumentation AB A number of particle physics experiments are being proposed as part of the Department of Energy HEP Intensity Frontier. Many of these experiments will utilize megawatt level proton beams onto targets to form secondary beams of muons, kaons and neutrinos. These experiments require transverse size measurements of the incident proton beam onto target for each beam spill. Because of the high power levels, most beam intercepting profiling techniques will not work at full beam intensity. The possibility of utilizing optical transition radiation (OTR) for high intensity proton beam profiling is discussed. In addition, previous measurements of OTR beam profiles from the NuMI beamline are presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Scarpine, VE (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 37 BP 2123 EP 2128 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.764 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDA98 UT WOS:000312408100270 ER PT J AU Bell, JR Luo, HM Dai, S AF Bell, Jason R. Luo, Huimin Dai, Sheng TI Solvent Extraction Separation of La3+ and Ba2+ Using Imidazolium Ionic Liquids and TODGA Extractant SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE ionic liquids; la(3+)/ba(2+); solvent extraction; TODGA ID METAL-IONS; CROWN-ETHERS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; LANTHANIDES; ACTINIDES; GREENNESS; MECHANISM; SYSTEM; SR2+; CS+ AB Solvent extraction of La3+ and Ba2+ by N, N, N',N'-tetra(n-octyl)diglycolamide (TODGA) from aqueous solutions in twelve imidazolium- based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide/bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide ([C(n)mim][NTf2]/[BETI], n = 2,3,4,6,8,10) were investigated. The corresponding extraction efficiencies were found to be dependent on concentration of TODGA used, the acidity of aqueous phase, alkyl chain length on IL cation, and IL anion as well. C1 [Bell, Jason R.; Luo, Huimin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Luo, HM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM luoh@ornl.gov RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU U.S. Department of Energy, the Office of Nuclear Physics; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences [DE-AC05-0096OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) FX JRB and HML were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Office of Nuclear Physics. SD was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences under Contract DE-AC05-0096OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. JRB acknowledges the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) for postdoctoral fellowship. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2002 EP 2006 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697530 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200003 ER PT J AU Ellis, RJ D'Amico, L Chiarizia, R Antonio, MR AF Ellis, Ross J. D'Amico, Laura Chiarizia, Renato Antonio, Mark R. TI Solvent Extraction of Cerium(III) Using an Aliphatic Malonamide: The Role of Acid in Organic Phase Behaviors SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE aggregation; DIAMEX; distribution isotherm; liquid-liquid extraction; rare earth elements; reverse micelles; third phase ID N-DODECANE SYSTEM; BUTYL PHOSPHATE; AGGREGATION; OCTANE; WATER; TBP; CONSEQUENCES; DILUENT; SPHERES; MODEL AB The extraction of Ce(NO3)(3) with N,N'-dimethyl N,N'-dibutyl tetradecylmalonamide (DMDBTDMA) in n-dodecane (0.5M) from acidic (3M HNO3) and neutral (3M LiNO3) media was studied by varying the aqueous cerium concentration up to and beyond the point of third phase formation (defined by the Limiting Organic Concentration or LOC). The acidic system showed better Ce(III) extraction (i.e., a higher distribution ratio, D-Ce), increased water extraction, and also a lower LOC than the neutral system. These observations are consistent with the micellar model, suggesting that acid pre-organizes the organic phase into hydrated reverse micelles that favor Ce(NO3)(3) extraction while increasing the attractive potential between aggregates so that third phase formation happens more readily. The findings in this study underline the importance of aggregation in solvent extraction systems and provide the basis for a wider structural study on the effects of acid on the supramolecular structure of the organic phase. C1 [Ellis, Ross J.; D'Amico, Laura; Chiarizia, Renato; Antonio, Mark R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ellis, RJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rellis@anl.gov RI ellis, ross/J-1981-2016 OI ellis, ross/0000-0001-7691-5205 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank Drs. Laurence Berthon and Manuel Miguirditchian from the CEA (Commissariat a l'energie atomique) who generously provided the DMDBTDMA. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Biosciences and Geosciences, under contract No DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2007 EP 2014 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697506 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200004 ER PT J AU Fondeur, FF Rudisill, TS AF Fondeur, Fernando F. Rudisill, Tracy S. TI Thermal Stability of Formohydroxamic Acid SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE formohydroxamic acid; thermal stability; UREX process ID HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; REDUCTION; IONS AB The thermal stability of formohydroxamic acid (FHA) was evaluated to address the potential for exothermic decomposition during storage and its use in the uranium extraction process. Accelerating rate calorimetry showed rapid decomposition at a temperature above 65 degrees C; although, the rate of pressure rise was greater than two orders of magnitude less than the lower bound for materials which have no explosive properties with respect to transportation. An FHA solution in nitric acid did not reach runaway conditions until 150 degrees C. Water appeared to temper the FHA decomposition. Analysis by differential scanning calorimetry showed that FHA melted at 67 degrees C and thermally decomposed at 90 degrees C with an enthalpy of -1924 J/g. The energics of the FHA thermal decomposition are comparable to those measured for aqueous solutions of hydroxylamine nitrate. Solid FHA should be stored in a location where the temperature does not exceed 20-25 degrees C. As a best practice, the solid material should be stored in a climate-controlled environment such as a refrigerator or freezer. FHA solutions in water are not susceptible to degradation by acid hydrolysis and are the preferred way to handle FHA prior to use. C1 [Fondeur, Fernando F.; Rudisill, Tracy S.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29868 USA. RP Rudisill, TS (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29868 USA. EM tracy.rudisill@srnl.doe.gov FU US Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy [DE-PS07-08ID14906]; Savannah River Nuclear Solutions [DE-AC09-08SR22470] FX The work was supported by Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) number DE-PS07-08ID14906 sponsored by the US Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy. The Savannah River National Laboratory is operated by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions under contract number DE-AC09-08SR22470. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2038 EP 2043 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697520 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200008 ER PT J AU Herrmann, SD Li, SX Westphal, BR AF Herrmann, Steven D. Li, Shelly X. Westphal, Brian R. TI Separation and Recovery of Uranium and Group Actinide Products From Irradiated Fast Reactor MOX Fuel via Electrolytic Reduction and Electrorefining SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE actinide recovery; electrolytic reduction; electrorefining; fast reactor mox fuel; LiCl-KCl-UCl3; LiCl-Li2O ID LIQUID CADMIUM CATHODE; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; METAL; OXIDES; SALT AB A series of bench-scale tests was conducted with irradiated fast reactor MOX fuel to separate and recover refined uranium and group actinide products via electrolytic reduction and electrorefining. The fuel was declad, crushed, immersed in a pool of molten LiCl - 1 wt% Li2O at 650 degrees C, and electrolyzed to convert the mixed oxide fuel to metal. The reduced fuel was then electrorefined in LiCl-KCl-UCl3 at 500 degrees C, yielding a refined uranium metal product. Additional electrorefining experiments were performed in which actinides (that is, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium) were recovered as a group metal product. C1 [Herrmann, Steven D.; Li, Shelly X.; Westphal, Brian R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Pyroproc Technol Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Herrmann, SD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM steven.herrmann@inl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors acknowledge the contribution of HFEF operators and analytical laboratory personnel to this testing program. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2044 EP 2059 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697511 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200009 ER PT J AU Westphal, BR Price, JC Foulkrod, L Rodriquez, M Cummings, D Giglio, J AF Westphal, Brian R. Price, J. C. Foulkrod, Larry Rodriquez, Michael Cummings, Daniel Giglio, Jeffrey TI Separation Characteristics of Manganese as a Surrogate for Americium during the Distillation Operations of Pyroprocessing SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE electrometallurgical treatment; pyroprocesssing; vacuum distillation ID SPENT NUCLEAR-FUEL; CADMIUM; SYSTEM; MN; NP; PU AB The loss of americium metal during the pyroprocessing of used nuclear fuel has long been a concern due to its high vapor pressure relative to the operating conditions of the process. Of the two high temperature vacuum operations (distillation and casting) performed during pyroprocessing, the distillation operation would incur significantly more americium losses by several orders of magnitude. The distillation operation is required for the removal of cadmium from the transuranic products. Thus, a series of tests were initiated to investigate the evaporative characteristics of manganese as a surrogate for americium during distillation operations. The results for the separation of manganese are presented from the test program and compared against modeled data. Based on the modeling of manganese, similar data were calculated for americium evaporation during a typical liquid cathode operation in the cathode processor. It is anticipated that less than 0.15 wt.% of the americium will be lost during the distillation operation of liquid cathodes during the pyroprocessing of used nuclear fuel. C1 [Westphal, Brian R.; Price, J. C.; Foulkrod, Larry; Rodriquez, Michael; Cummings, Daniel; Giglio, Jeffrey] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Westphal, BR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM brian.westphal@inl.gov OI Giglio, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0877-927X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Fuel Conditioning Facility operations personnel for their contributions and the Analytical Laboratory organization for chemical services. Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2060 EP 2064 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697516 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200010 ER PT J AU Pierce, R Caldwell, T Pak, D AF Pierce, R. Caldwell, T. Pak, D. TI Application of Vacuum Salt Distillation Technology for the Removal of Fluoride and Chloride from Legacy Fissile Materials SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE calcium fluoride; plutonium fluoride; plutonium oxide; vacuum distillation AB Between September 2009 and January 2011, the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) and the Savannah River Site (SRS) HB-Line Facility designed, developed, tested, and successfully deployed a production-scale system for the distillation of sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) from plutonium oxide (PuO2) scrap. Subsequent efforts adapted the vacuum salt distillation (VSD) technology for the removal of chloride and fluoride from less-volatile halide salts at the same process temperature and vacuum. Calcium chloride (CaCl2), calcium fluoride (CaF2), and plutonium trifluoride (PuF3) were of particular concern. To enable the use of the same operating conditions for the distillation process, SRNL employed in situ exchange reactions with alkali metal hydroxides (e. g., potassium hydroxide) to convert the less-volatile halide salts to volatile compounds that facilitated the distillation of halide without removal of plutonium. SRNL demonstrated the removal of halide from CaCl2, CaF2, and PuF3 below 1000 degrees C using VSD technology. C1 [Pierce, R.; Pak, D.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. [Caldwell, T.] Atom Weap Estab, Fissile Mat Technol Div, Reading, Berks, England. RP Pierce, R (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. EM robert.pierce@srnl.doe.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2065 EP 2073 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697508 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200011 ER PT J AU Duncan, NC Roach, BD Williams, NJ Bonnesen, PV Rajbanshi, A Moyer, BA AF Duncan, Nathan C. Roach, Benjamin D. Williams, Neil J. Bonnesen, Peter V. Rajbanshi, Arbin Moyer, Bruce A. TI N,N '-Dicyclohexyl-N ''-Isotridecylguanidine as Suppressor for the Next Generation Caustic Side Solvent Extraction (NG-CSSX) Process SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE guanidine; nuclear waste; solvent extraction ID HIGH-LEVEL WASTE; CESIUM REMOVAL; TANK WASTE AB The purity, concentration, and source of theN,N'-dicyclohexyl-N ''-isotridecylguanidine (DCiTG) suppressor (guanidine) used in the NG-CSSX process were found to influence solvent performance. As the starting isotridecanol used in the preparation of DCiTG is comprised of a mixture of branched-chain aliphatic alcohols, varying in composition with manufacturer, the resulting DCiTG itself is a mixture. Thus, it is necessary to address how the solvent performance will be affected by the different preparations of the DCiTG solvent component. In this study, four preparations of DCiTG from three sources were analyzed and evaluated for purity and performance, both in the absence and presence of a deliberately added anionic surfactant impurity. C1 [Duncan, Nathan C.; Roach, Benjamin D.; Williams, Neil J.; Bonnesen, Peter V.; Rajbanshi, Arbin; Moyer, Bruce A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Moyer, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Moyerba@ornl.gov RI Bonnesen, Peter/A-1889-2016; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Bonnesen, Peter/0000-0002-1397-8281; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 FU Office of Technology Innovation and Development, Office of Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was sponsored by the Office of Technology Innovation and Development, Office of Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy. The complimentary sample of LIX 79 active ingredient supplied by Cognis and the complimentary samples of DCiTG from Marshallton are gratefully acknowledged. The authors are grateful to F.V. Sloop, Jr. for review of this paper and for helpful suggestions. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2074 EP 2087 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697517 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200012 ER PT J AU Pierce, R Peters, T Caldwell, T Crowder, M Fink, S AF Pierce, R. Peters, T. Caldwell, T. Crowder, M. Fink, S. TI Performance Testing of the Next-Generation CSSX Solvent with Actual SRS Tank Waste SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE centrifugal contactor; cesium; high level waste; solvent extraction ID EXTRACTION AB Efforts are underway to qualify the Next-Generation Solvent for the Caustic Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process. Researchers at multiple national laboratories have been involved in this effort. As part of the effort to qualify the solvent extraction system at the Savannah River Site (SRS), Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) researchers performed a number of tests at various scales. A series of batch equilibrium, or Extraction-Scrub-Strip (ESS), tests were conducted first. These tests used similar to 30 mL of Next-Generation Solvent and either actual SRS tank waste, or waste simulant solutions. The results from these cesium mass transfer tests were used to predict solvent behavior under a number of conditions. For larger-scale testing, twelve stages of 2-cm (diameter) centrifugal contactors were assembled. This rack of contactors is structurally similar to one tested in 2001 during the demonstration of the baseline CSSX process. No issues were encountered during assembly and mechanical testing. A non-radiological test was performed using 35 L of cesium-spiked caustic waste simulant followed by a test with 39 L of actual tank waste. Test results are discussed, particularly those related to the effectiveness of extraction. C1 [Pierce, R.; Peters, T.; Crowder, M.; Fink, S.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. [Caldwell, T.] Atom Weap Estab, Fissile Mat Technol Div, Reading, Berks, England. RP Pierce, R (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. EM robert.pierce@srnl.doe.gov NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2088 EP 2097 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697518 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200013 ER PT J AU Schonewill, PP Daniel, RC Russell, RL Shimskey, RW Burns, CA Billing, JM Rapko, BM Peterson, RA AF Schonewill, Philip P. Daniel, Richard C. Russell, Renee L. Shimskey, Rick W. Burns, Carolyn A. Billing, Justin M. Rapko, Brian M. Peterson, Reid A. TI Development of an S-Saltcake Simulant Using Crossflow Filtration as a Validation Technique SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE crossflow filtration; nuclear waste treatment; simulant development ID MICROFILTRATION; REVERSIBILITY; SLUDGE AB In the past several years, cross-flow filtration has been studied extensively in a bench-scale system at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) using both actual tank waste from the Hanford site and waste simulants. One challenge when creating a waste simulant is duplicating the filtration behavior of real waste, in particular when the waste composition is not known with certainty. Using a systematic approach to filtration testing, it has been found that the solid components that dominate the filtration behavior can be identified. This approach was used to develop a waste simulant for S-Saltcake tank waste. The analysis of filtration data assists in screening solid components when the chemical composition and structure of a metal is not known. This is well-illustrated in this study during the search for the appropriate chromium phase. After the likely components were identified, the solids were combined with a supernate that is representative of the real waste and the filtration performance was verified against real waste data. A secondary benefit of this approach is the construction of a database of filtration performance for various solid species that can be used to quickly develop waste simulants in the future. C1 [Schonewill, Philip P.; Daniel, Richard C.; Russell, Renee L.; Shimskey, Rick W.; Burns, Carolyn A.; Billing, Justin M.; Rapko, Brian M.; Peterson, Reid A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Schonewill, PP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM philip.schonewill@pnnl.gov RI Schonewill, Philip/E-6735-2010; OI Schonewill, Philip/0000-0002-0838-3734; Peterson, Reid/0000-0003-3368-1896 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Environmental Management FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of PNNL staff members Amanda Johnson, Andrew Casella, Matthew Edwards, Don Rinehart, and Bill Buchmiller who assisted with the simulant preparation and testing. The work described in this article was performed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Environmental Management. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2098 EP 2107 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697525 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200014 ER PT J AU Poirier, MR Herman, DT Bhave, R AF Poirier, M. R. Herman, D. T. Bhave, R. TI Evaluation of Alternative Filter Media for the Rotary Microfilter SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE composite membranes; filter media; filtration; radioactive liquid waste; rotary microfilter; solid-liquid separation AB The Savannah River Site is currently developing and testing several processes to treat high level radioactive liquid waste. Each of these processes has a solid-liquid separation process that limits its throughput. Savannah River National Laboratory researchers identified and tested the rotary microfilter as a technology to increase solid-liquid separation throughput. The authors believe the rotary microfilter throughput can be improved by using a better filter membrane. Previous testing showed that asymmetric filters composed of a ceramic membrane on top of a stainless steel support produced higher filter flux than 100% stainless steel symmetric filters in crossflow filter tests. Savannah River National Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory are working together to develop asymmetric ceramic-stainless steel composite filters and asymmetric 100% stainless steel filters to improve the throughput of the rotary microfilter. C1 [Poirier, M. R.; Herman, D. T.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Program, Aiken, SC USA. [Poirier, M. R.; Herman, D. T.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Chem Proc Technol Res Program, Aiken, SC USA. [Bhave, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Poirier, MR (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Program, 77-42A, Aiken, SC USA. EM michael.poirier@srnl.doe.gov FU U.S. DOE Office of Environmental Management [EM-31] FX The authors wish to thank the U.S. DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM-31) for funding this work. They would also like to thank Henry Bolton for performing the bench-scale filter tests and Dale Adcock and Larry Powell for membrane fabrication and characterization. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2108 EP 2114 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.703281 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200015 ER PT J AU Edwards, MK Schonewill, PP Shimskey, RW Niver, CM Peterson, RA AF Edwards, M. K. Schonewill, P. P. Shimskey, R. W. Niver, C. M. Peterson, R. A. TI Process Results for the Integrated Near-Tank Treatment System Pilot Demonstration SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE boehmite; continuous sludge leaching; cross-flow filtration; high-level waste; ion exchange; near tank cesium removal; waste treatment plant AB The Near-Tank Treatment System (NTTS) is a supplementary waste treatment technology for Hanford tank waste being investigated as part of the Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management's Advanced Remediation Technologies (ART) Program to reduce the number of high-level waste (HLW) canisters that must be processed by the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). The NTTS combines four basic unit operations into one integrated processing plant: caustic leaching, cross-flow filtration, ion exchange, and electrochemical recovery of sodium. Each unit operation has been studied and tested at the bench scale and was combined into a pilot-scale unit for further development. The performance of the Continuous Sludge Leaching (CSL), Near Tank Cesium Removal (NTCR), and NTTS was evaluated by examining the process and analytical data. Overall, the NTTS integrated CSL and NTCR achieved an operational steady state that performed the waste treatment operations for which it was intended. The integrated system was stable and well-controlled, requiring very little manual intervention, and resulted in a product stream which is suitable for downstream sodium recycle, immobilization, and disposal. C1 [Edwards, M. K.; Schonewill, P. P.; Shimskey, R. W.; Niver, C. M.; Peterson, R. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Edwards, MK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM matthew.edwards@pnl.gov RI Schonewill, Philip/E-6735-2010; OI Schonewill, Philip/0000-0002-0838-3734; Peterson, Reid/0000-0003-3368-1896 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2115 EP 2120 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697528 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200016 ER PT J AU Schonewill, PP Edwards, MK Shimskey, RW Peterson, RA AF Schonewill, Philip P. Edwards, Matt K. Shimskey, Rick W. Peterson, Reid A. TI Generating an Estimate of the Capacity of the Near-Tank Treatment System for Processing S/SX Tank Waste SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE caustic leaching; nuclear waste treatment; numerical modeling ID DISSOLUTION; BOEHMITE; GIBBSITE; RATES AB In order to reduce the number of high level waste canisters that will have to be produced by the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant, supplemental waste treatment technologies are being investigated. One such technology is the Near-Tank Treatment System (NTTS), which uses continuous sludge leaching, filtration, and ion exchange to process the waste in a simple, compact system. The NTTS is ideally suited for handling Hanford tanks with large amounts of boehmite, a difficult aluminum phase to dissolve. Processing of boehmite by caustic leaching is the throughput limiter in the NTTS. A model was developed to estimate the capacity of the NTTS based on boehmite kinetics and the contents of the waste tanks considered for processing. Using this model, the lifecycle of the NTTS is estimated to be 11 years. Examples of optimizing NTTS performance are presented using the model. Model results are also compared with recently conducted pilot-scale tests. C1 [Schonewill, Philip P.; Edwards, Matt K.; Shimskey, Rick W.; Peterson, Reid A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Schonewill, PP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM philip.schonewill@pnnl.gov RI Schonewill, Philip/E-6735-2010; OI Schonewill, Philip/0000-0002-0838-3734; Peterson, Reid/0000-0003-3368-1896 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Environmental Management FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of PNNL staff members David Blanchard, Matthew Fountain, Samuel Bryan, and Cynthia Niver who have been involved with bench-scale testing and development of the NTTS system. Special thanks is also due to Parsons Infrastructure and Technology Group, Inc. and staff members Collin Smith, Rhett Tranbarger, Doug Dunlap, and Tom Frater who performed the pilot scale testing as described in Schonewill et al. (9). The work described in this article was performed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy through the Office of Environmental Management. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2121 EP 2128 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697526 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200017 ER PT J AU Russell, RL Rinehart, DE Brown, GN Peterson, RA AF Russell, R. L. Rinehart, D. E. Brown, G. N. Peterson, R. A. TI Cesium Ion Exchange Loading Kinetics Testing with SRF Resin SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE Cs; ion exchange; kinetics; SRF resin ID REMOVAL; WASTE AB Ion exchange using the Spherical Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (SRF) resin has been selected by the U. S. Department of Energy's Office of River Protection for use in the Pretreatment Facility of the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and for potential application in an at-tank deployment for removing Cs-137. Recent proposed changes to the WTP ion exchange process baseline indicate that loading may include a broader range of sodium molarities (2 to 8 (M) under bar) due to caustic leaching and higher temperatures (50 degrees C) to alleviate post-filtration precipitation issues prior to reaching the ion exchange columns. Therefore, it is important to understand the behavior of SRF resin performance under the conditions expected with the new equipment and process changes. This research examined the impact of linear load velocity (4, 6, 8 cm/min), initial sodium concentration (2, 5, 8 (M) under bar), initial sodium-to-cesium ratio (1.4E+05, 2.1E+05, 2.8E+05 mol/mol), initial sodium-to-hydroxide ratio (2.0, 3.0, 4.0 mol/mol), and resin degradation during extended solution flow using elevated temperature (45 degrees, 50 degrees, 55 degrees, 60 degrees, 65 degrees, 75 degrees C). Testing was performed using a similar to 2 mL column packed with SRF resin with feed flowing through it in an up-flow pattern. Samples were taken at set intervals and the data analyzed to help understand the impact of these conditions on the SRF resin performance. It was found that the loading kinetics were not significantly impacted by the sodium concentration over the range tested. However, the loading kinetics were impacted by the linear load velocity. These results indicated that at the test temperature, the adsorption of cesium is strongly dependent on mass transfer through the film and not significantly impacted by interparticle diffusion. Testing for extended times at elevated temperatures showed that the resin does degrade and loading capacity is reduced at and above 45 degrees C. Above 60 degrees C the resin appears to not load at all. C1 [Russell, R. L.; Rinehart, D. E.; Brown, G. N.; Peterson, R. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Russell, RL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM renee.russell@pnnl.gov OI Peterson, Reid/0000-0003-3368-1896 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2129 EP 2135 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697519 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200018 ER PT J AU Adu-Wusu, K Nash, CA Pennebaker, FM AF Adu-Wusu, K. Nash, C. A. Pennebaker, F. M. TI Evaluation of Potential Eluants for Non-Acid Elution of Cesium from Spherical Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE cesium; ion exchange; non-acid elution; spherical resorcinol-formaldehyde resin ID ION-EXCHANGE; WASTE AB Ion exchange column loading and elution of cesium from spherical resorcinol-formaldehyde resin have been conducted for two potential non-acid eluants - (NH4)(2)CO3 and CH3COONH4. The results revealed encouraging cesium elution performance. Virtually complete cesium elution was achieved with 28 or less bed volumes. Elution performance was fairly high at similar to 8 bed volumes for some of the eluants and also practically comparable to the benchmark acid eluant (HNO3). Elution is generally enhanced by increasing the concentration and pH of the eluants, and combining the eluants. C1 [Adu-Wusu, K.; Nash, C. A.; Pennebaker, F. M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Adu-Wusu, K (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. EM kofi.adu-wusu@srnl.doe.gov FU United States Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2136 EP 2144 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697514 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200019 ER PT J AU Rajbanshi, A Moyer, BA Custelcean, R AF Rajbanshi, Arbin Moyer, Bruce A. Custelcean, Radu TI Sulfate Separation from Hanford Waste Simulants by Selective Crystallization of Urea-Functionalized Capsules SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE anion separation; crystallization; nuclear waste; self-assembly; sulfate ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; ANION-BINDING; REMOVAL; WATER; ION; COORDINATION; RECOGNITION; EFFLUENTS; EXCHANGE; CAVITIES AB Crystallization of urea-functionalized capsules self-assembled from a tripodal anion receptor (L1) was evaluated as a means to selectively separate sulfate from aqueous alkaline solutions simulating Hanford waste compositions. The crystallizing solids consist of anionic SO4(L1)(2)(2-) capsules, and Mg(H2O)(6)(2+) or Na-2(H2O)(4)(2+) hydrated cations, alternating in three-dimensional frameworks with NaCl-type topology. While both frameworks encapsulate sulfate selectively upon crystallization through the formation of complementary hydrogen bonds from the urea groups, the separation efficacy depends strongly on the nature of the cation, the pH, and the nature and concentration of competing anions in the solution. Crystallization of the Mg-based capsules provides an efficient sulfate separation from mildly alkaline solutions (pH<9.5), with more basic conditions leading instead toMg(OH)(2) and L1 precipitation. On the other hand, crystallization of the Na-based capsules proved efficient from highly alkaline solutions (pH = 14) with compositions similar to those found in the Hanford wastes. C1 [Rajbanshi, Arbin; Moyer, Bruce A.; Custelcean, Radu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Custelcean, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM custelceanr@ornl.gov RI Custelcean, Radu/C-1037-2009; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Custelcean, Radu/0000-0002-0727-7972; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 FU Office of Technology Innovation and Development, Office of Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was sponsored by the Office of Technology Innovation and Development, Office of Environmental Management, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2145 EP 2150 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697512 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200020 ER PT J AU Fondeur, FF White, TL Oji, LN Martino, CJ Wilmarth, WR AF Fondeur, F. F. White, T. L. Oji, L. N. Martino, C. J. Wilmarth, W. R. TI Analysis of the Leaching Efficiency of Inhibited Water and Tank Simulant in Removing Residues on Thermowell Pipes SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE shrinking model; tetraphenylborate AB A cleaning protocol was determined and modeled, using the shrinking core model, for the removal of a solid residue coating thermo well pipes contained in the riser of a Savannah River Site (SRS) waste tank (Tank 48H). The solid residues on two sets of thermo well pipe samples removed from the D2 riser in SRS Tank 48H were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ion chromatography (IC) and gamma spectroscopy. The residue thickness was determined using the ASTM standard D 3483-05 and was found to be three orders of magnitudes below the 1 mm thickness estimated from an earlier video of the tank cooling coil inspection. The actual estimated thickness ranged from 4 to 20.4 microns. The mass per unit area ranged from 0.15 to 0.82 milligrams per square centimeter. The residues appear to consist primarily of potassium tetraphenylborate (39.8 wt% KTPB) and dried salt solution (33.5 wt% total of nitrates, nitrites, and oxalate salts), although similar to 30% of the solid mass was not accounted for in the mass balance. No evidence of residue buildup was found inside the pipe, as expected. Two aqueous solutions representing waste processing streams were chosen for the cleaning trials. The residue leaching characteristics were measured by placing one pipe in inhibited water (0.01 M NaNO2 and 0.01M NaOH) and one pipe in Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) Recycle simulant (primarily 0.20 M NaNO2 and 0.18 M NaOH). After soaking for less than 4 weeks, the inhibited water was 95.4% effective at removing the residue and the DWPF Recycle simulant was 93.5% effective. The surface appearance of the pipes after leaching tests appeared close to the clean shiny appearance of a new pipe. Total gamma counts of leachates averaged 48.1 dpm/mL, or an equivalent of 2.35E-11 Ci/gm Cs-137 (dry solids basis), which is much lower than the 1.4 E-03 Ci/gm expected for Tank 48 H dry slurry solids. C1 [Fondeur, F. F.; White, T. L.; Oji, L. N.; Martino, C. J.; Wilmarth, W. R.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29841 USA. RP Fondeur, FF (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, 773A,Rd 1, Aiken, SC 29841 USA. EM fernando.fondeur@srnl.doe.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2151 EP 2159 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.700677 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200021 ER PT J AU Tian, GX Zhang, P Shen, YF Wang, JC Rao, LF AF Tian, Guoxin Zhang, Ping Shen, Yifang Wang, Jianchen Rao, Linfeng TI Bench-Scale Test for Separation of Sr2+ and Nd3+ from HLLW Using TiBOGA SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE high level waste; neodymium; separation; strontium; TiBOGA ID EXTRACTION; TODGA; LANTHANIDES; ACTINIDES; IONS AB A bench-scale test for the separation of strontium and trivalent lanthanides/actinides, using Nd3+ as a surrogate, from a simulated acidic high level liquid waste (HLLW) has been performed with a set of 10-mm centrifugal contactors using N,N,N'N'-tetra-isobutyl-3-oxa-glutaramide (TiBOGA) as extractant. The test shows that Sr2+ and Nd3+ can be co-extracted from the HLLW and then separated from each other by step stripping. The results indicate that 99.99% of Sr2+ and Nd3+ can be removed from the HLLW, and less than 0.01% of Nd3+ remains in Sr2+ product stream and 0.1% of Sr2+ in Nd3+ stream. In HNO3 solutions -0.2 M TiBOGA in 40% octanol/kerosene system the mass transfer stage efficiencies of HNO3 and Sr2+ have also been studied on a single-stage 10-mm centrifugal contactor. C1 [Zhang, Ping; Shen, Yifang; Wang, Jianchen] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Nucl & New Energy Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Tian, Guoxin; Rao, Linfeng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tian, GX (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gtian@lbl.gov FU State High-Tech Development Plan (863 program, China) [2009AA050703]; Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program (Aqueous Separations: Thermodynamics and Kinetics) of Office of Nuclear Energy under U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The experiment work was conducted at Institute of Nuclear and New Energy and Technology (INET): Tsinghua University, Beijing, and supported by the State High-Tech Development Plan (863 program, China): No. 2009AA050703. The preparation of this manuscript was supported by the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program (Aqueous Separations: Thermodynamics and Kinetics) of Office of Nuclear Energy, under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2160 EP 2165 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697515 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200022 ER PT J AU Klaehn, JR Orme, CJ Stewart, FF Peterson, ES AF Klaehn, John R. Orme, Christopher J. Stewart, Frederick F. Peterson, Eric S. TI Humidified Gas Stream Separations at High Temperatures Using Matrimid 5218 SO SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications CY OCT 23-27, 2011 CL Gatlinburg, TN DE gas permeation analysis; high performance polymers; high temperature; polyimides; water vapor ID CROSS-LINKING MODIFICATION; TRANSPORT PROPERTIES; AROMATIC POLYIMIDES; POLYMER MEMBRANES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PERMEATION; DIFFUSION; MODEL; CO2 AB Most industrially relevant high temperature gas separations (>= 150 degrees C) of either carbon dioxide (flue gas) or hydrogen (syn-gas) must be performed in the presence of water vapor. At ambient temperatures, water vapor can permeate easily through most polymeric membranes and can influence the permeation of other gases through interaction with the polymer, such as swelling and clustering. At higher temperatures, water vapor can be destructive to polymer membranes by changing the polymer structure that can result in diminished gas separation performance. Little data has been reported on the influence of water vapor in gas separations at >100 degrees C because most polymers are not stable at temperature. Many high performance (HP) polymers are able to endure high temperatures and aggressive chemical conditions. For example, polyimides are promising HP polymers that effectively separate permanent gases at temperatures higher than 150 degrees C under dry conditions. In this report, the analysis of selected HP polymers in humidified gas streams (2-4 vol% water) shows that they can perform modest separations at ambient temperatures. In general, it was observed that water vapor permeability is greater than other tested gases. Additionally, the permeabilities of the analyte gases were somewhat influenced by the presence of humidity and their selectivities were significantly lower, as compared to corresponding experiments performed in the absence of water. To elucidate the role of water vapor in gas transport, energy of activation of permeation (E-p) values were obtained for Matrimid 5218 from 30-200 degrees C in a humidified mixed gas stream, and it was found that the selectivities are nearly identical to dry gas streams at 150 degrees C. This data suggests that water vapor functions as a gas and only slightly decreases selectivity of the other gases at elevated temperatures. As a result, economic wet gas separations may be possible using these materials if the gas stream is kept at higher temperature (>150 degrees C), which is assisted by the inherent stability of the membranes. C1 [Klaehn, John R.; Orme, Christopher J.; Stewart, Frederick F.; Peterson, Eric S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Klaehn, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM John.Klaehn@inl.gov RI Peterson, Eric/B-9127-2017 OI Peterson, Eric/0000-0002-2292-4939 FU Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC; Department of Energy - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Industrial Technology Program (DOE- EERE-ITP) [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; National Science Foundation's Internal Research and Development (IRD) Program; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program at the Idaho National Laboratory FX The work described in this paper was supported by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC and Department of Energy - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Industrial Technology Program (DOE- EERE-ITP) through Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Also, the work was supported by National Science Foundation's Internal Research and Development (IR&D) Program and Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program at the Idaho National Laboratory. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-6395 EI 1520-5754 J9 SEP SCI TECHNOL JI Sep. Sci. Technol. PY 2012 VL 47 IS 14-15 SI SI BP 2186 EP 2191 DI 10.1080/01496395.2012.697529 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 092SB UT WOS:000315141200025 ER PT S AU Mentink, MGT Dhalle, MMJ Dietderich, DR Godeke, A Goldacker, W Hellman, F ten Kate, HHJ Sumption, MD Susner, MA AF Mentink, M. G. T. Dhalle, M. M. J. Dietderich, D. R. Godeke, A. Goldacker, W. Hellman, F. ten Kate, H. H. J. Sumption, M. D. Susner, M. A. BE Kes, PH Rogalla, H TI The effect of Ta and Ti additions on the strain sensitivity of bulk Niobium-Tin` SO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY CENTENNIAL CONFERENCE 2011 SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Superconductivity Centennial Conference (SCC) CY SEP 18-23, 2011 CL Hague, NETHERLANDS DE Nb3Sn; bulk; tantalum; titanium; heat capacity; SEM-EDX; strain sensitivity ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NB3SN; SUPERCONDUCTORS; DEPENDENCE; STATE AB The effect of tantalum and titanium additions on the composition, the superconducting properties, and their sensitivity to strain of bulk Nb3Sn is investigated. Using heat capacity analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), it is found that the binary Nb3Sn bulk and Nb3Sn bulk with added titanium and tantalum consist of stoichiometric Nb3Sn and niobium(-oxide). Furthermore, it is found that the niobium-to-tin ratio decreases in the presence of tantalum and increases in the presence of titanium, which suggests that tantalum is replacing niobium and titanium is replacing tin in the A15 crystal structure. Using a 10% resistivity criterion, it is observed that the critical magnetic field of unstrained binary bulk is 26.7 T, while the presence of tantalum and titanium raises the critical magnetic field to 29.3 and 30.1 T, respectively. The curves of normalized critical magnetic field as function of strain of all three samples nearly overlap, a strong indication that the variation in strain sensitivity observed in wires is not caused by the titanium and tantalum additions. Understanding the effect of additions on the composition, superconducting properties, and strain sensitivity of Nb3Sn is important for optimizing Nb3Sn conductor technology. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Guest Editors. C1 [Mentink, M. G. T.; Dietderich, D. R.; Godeke, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mentink, M. G. T.; Dhalle, M. M. J.; ten Kate, H. H. J.] Univ Twente, Enschede, Netherlands. [Goldacker, W.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Hellman, F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sumption, M. D.; Susner, M. A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Mentink, MGT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Susner, Michael/G-3275-2015; Susner, Michael/B-1666-2013; Sumption, Mike/N-5913-2016 OI Susner, Michael/0000-0002-1211-8749; Susner, Michael/0000-0002-1211-8749; Sumption, Mike/0000-0002-4243-8380 FU Director, Office of Science, High Energy Physics, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was partly supported by the Director, Office of Science, High Energy Physics, US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 36 BP 491 EP 496 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.06.223 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDQ17 UT WOS:000314403400088 ER PT S AU Godeke, A Cheng, DW Dietderich, DR Mentink, MGT Prestemon, SO Sabbi, GL AF Godeke, A. Cheng, D. W. Dietderich, D. R. Mentink, M. G. T. Prestemon, S. O. Sabbi, G. L. BE Kes, PH Rogalla, H TI Heat treatment optimizations for Wind-and-React Bi-2212 racetrack coils SO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY CENTENNIAL CONFERENCE 2011 SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Superconductivity Centennial Conference (SCC) CY SEP 18-23, 2011 CL Hague, NETHERLANDS DE Bi-2212; Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta; accelerator magnet; superconducting magnet; heat treatment AB Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is developing Wind-and-React (W&R) Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi-2212) accelerator magnet technology for insert coils, to surpass the intrinsic limitations of Nb-based magnets, and eventually develop hybrid systems that can approach 20 T dipole fields. The Bi-2212 technology is being developed in close collaboration with industry, and has been partly supported by the US Very High Field Superconducting Magnet Collaboration (VHFSMC). Steady improvements were made over the last several years, with coil HTS-SC08 reaching 2636 A, or about 85% of its witness sample critical current (I-c). Though this is still a factor 3 to 4 too low to be competitive with Nb-based materials, it is expected that the required I-c can be achieved through further conductor optimizations. Recent developments include the commissioning of infrastructure for the reaction of coils at LBNL. Earlier coils were fabricated and tested at LBNL, but were reacted at the wire manufacturer. We describe in detail the furnace calibrations and heat treatment optimizations that enable coil reactions at temperatures approaching 890 degrees C with a homogeneity of +/- 1 degrees C in a pure oxygen flow. We reacted two new coils at LBNL, and tested the performance of coil HTS-SC10 at 4.2 K in self-field using a superconducting transformer system. We find that its performance is consistent with witness samples, and comparable to coil HTS-SC08, which is an identical coil that was reacted at Oxford Instruments Superconductor Technology (OST), thereby validating the in-house reaction process. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Guest Editors. C1 [Godeke, A.; Cheng, D. W.; Dietderich, D. R.; Mentink, M. G. T.; Prestemon, S. O.; Sabbi, G. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Godeke, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 36 BP 812 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.06.047 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDQ17 UT WOS:000314403400145 ER PT S AU Matias, V Hammond, RH AF Matias, Vladimir Hammond, Robert H. BE Kes, PH Rogalla, H TI YBCO superconductor wire based on IBAD-textured templates and RCE of YBCO: Process economics SO SUPERCONDUCTIVITY CENTENNIAL CONFERENCE 2011 SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Superconductivity Centennial Conference (SCC) CY SEP 18-23, 2011 CL Hague, NETHERLANDS DE coated conductors; YBCO wire; ion beam assisted deposition; reactive co-evaporation; cost ID BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION; MGO AB High-temperature superconductor wire based on the YBa2Cu3Oy compound offers unprecedented performance that stands well above any other superconductor in terms of temperature and magnetic field of operation. We discuss a cost estimate model for production of coated conductors based on ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) of MgO and reactive co-evaporation (RCE) of YBCO. Our results indicate that cost of coated conductors can be below $10/kAm already at 5000 km production volume of 4-mm superconductor wire, with 500 A/cm and 2 mu m of YBCO. The total I-c/width is a key parameter for cost/performance of the coated conductor. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Guest Editors. C1 [Matias, Vladimir] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hammond, Robert H.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Matias, V (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM vlado@earthlink.net FU US Dept. of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability FX VM would like to thank Gareth O'Loughlin for his development of the cost model. We thank Chris Sheehan from Los Alamos for his assistance with the graphics. This work was supported by the US Dept. of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 36 BP 1440 EP 1444 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.06.239 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDQ17 UT WOS:000314403400258 ER PT S AU Ayers, J Felker, B Smalyuk, V Izumi, N Piston, K Holder, J Power, G Allen, F Simanovska, N Bell, P Bradley, D Lamb, Z AF Ayers, Jay Felker, Brian Smalyuk, Vladimir Izumi, Nobohiko Piston, Ken Holder, Joe Power, Gary Allen, Fred Simanovska, Natalia Bell, Perry Bradley, Dave Lamb, Zachary BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Design and implementation of high magnification framing camera for NIF "ARIANE Light" SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE AB Gated X-Ray imagers have been used on many ICF experiments around the world for time resolved imaging of the target implosions. ARIANE (Active Readout In A Neutron Environment) has been developed for use in the National Ignition Facility and has been deployed in multiple phases. Phase 1 (complete) known as ARIANE Ultra Light (Alignment proof of concept), Phase 2a known as ARIANE Light (complete) (X-ray gated detector with electronic recording), Phase 2b (complete) (X-ray gated detector with film recording) and Phase 3 known as ARIANE Heavy which is currently under development. The ARIANE diagnostic is comprised of the following subsystems: pinhole imaging system, filtering, detector head, detector head electronics, control electronics, CCD, and film recording systems. The phased approach allows incremental increases in tolerance to neutron yield. Phase 2a and 2b have been fielded successfully and captured gated implosion images on CCD and film at neutron yields up to 7 x 10(14). As the yields in the NIF increase Phase 3 will be a longer term solution incorporating an indirect optical path, hardened advanced detectors and significant (tons) of shielding. Design and Initial commissioning data for Phase 1-2b are presented here. C1 [Ayers, Jay; Felker, Brian; Smalyuk, Vladimir; Izumi, Nobohiko; Piston, Ken; Holder, Joe; Power, Gary; Allen, Fred; Simanovska, Natalia; Bell, Perry; Bradley, Dave; Lamb, Zachary] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ayers, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050J DI 10.1117/12.931299 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400016 ER PT S AU Beeman, B MacPhee, AG Kimbrough, JR Lacaille, GA Barrios, MA Emig, J Hunter, JR Miller, EK Donaldson, WR AF Beeman, B. MacPhee, A. G. Kimbrough, J. R. Lacaille, G. A. Barrios, M. A. Emig, J. Hunter, J. R. Miller, E. K. Donaldson, W. R. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Mach-Zehnder Modulator performance using the Comet Laser facility and implications for use on NIF SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY AB We present performance characterization measurements for Mach-Zehnder optical modulators to be fielded on NIF as a signal path upgrade for various diagnostics. Two different operating configurations will be explored including in phase quadrature and 90deg I/Q operation. Impulse response functions of x-ray emissions were conducted using the COMET laser facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Results from these short pulse laser driven plasma experiments are given along with comparisons to other recording instrumentation C1 [Beeman, B.; MacPhee, A. G.; Kimbrough, J. R.; Lacaille, G. A.; Barrios, M. A.; Emig, J.; Hunter, J. R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Miller, E. K.] Natl Secur Technol, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Donaldson, W. R.] Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Beeman, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 850507 DI 10.1117/12.931436 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400005 ER PT S AU Clark, DD Aragonez, R Archuleta, T Fatherley, V Hsu, A Jorgenson, J Mares, D Oertel, J Oades, K Kemshall, P Thomas, P Young, T Pederson, N AF Clark, David D. Aragonez, Robert Archuleta, Thomas Fatherley, Valerie Hsu, Albert Jorgenson, Justin Mares, Danielle Oertel, John Oades, Kevin Kemshall, Paul Thomas, Philip Young, Trevor Pederson, Neal BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI A New Gated X-Ray Detector for the Orion Laser Facility SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Plasma Physics; Inertial Confinement Fusion; Laser; Gated X-Ray Detector; Orion; Trident; Kentech; Micro Channel Plate; High Speed Framing; Spectral Instruments; x-ray; MCP; FOFP; CCD; GXD; ICF; LANL; LLNL; AWE AB Gated X-Ray Detectors (GXD) are considered the work-horse target diagnostic of the laser based inertial confinement fusion (ICF) program. Recently, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has constructed three new GXDs for the Orion laser facility at the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in the United Kingdom. What sets these three new instruments apart from the what has previously been constructed for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is: improvements in detector head microwave transmission lines, solid state embedded hard drive and updated control software, and lighter air box design and other incremental mechanical improvements. In this paper we will present the latest GXD design enhancements and sample calibration data taken on the Trident laser facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory using the newly constructed instruments. C1 [Clark, David D.; Aragonez, Robert; Archuleta, Thomas; Fatherley, Valerie; Hsu, Albert; Jorgenson, Justin; Mares, Danielle; Oertel, John] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Oades, Kevin; Kemshall, Paul; Thomas, Philip; Young, Trevor] Atomic Weapons Estab, Aldermaston, England. [Pederson, Neal] VI Control Syst, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Clark, DD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM ddclark@lanl.gov FU LANL; Kevin Oades and Simon Daykin at (AWE); ICF; AWE Manson X-Ray FX The Orion GXD project was complex and spanned two years. The authors would like to thank the folowing teams and individuals for their cintributions to the success of the Irion GXD project. The Trident laser team led by Randy Johnson at LANL and the Orion laser team lead by Kevin Oades and Simon Daykin at (AWE) were indispensable in brining the instruments to life at actual ICF laser facilities. Chris Bentley and his team at the AWE Manson X-Ray source provided unparalleled support and service while the instruments were being checked out and prepared for filding on Orion. Finally thanks to technical photographer Joseph Cowan for providing the excellent tphotographs presented in this paper. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050K DI 10.1117/12.931440 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400017 ER PT S AU Di Nicola, P Kalantar, D Mccarville, T Klingmann, J Alvarez, S Lowe-Webb, R Lawson, J Datte, P Danforth, P Schneider, M Di Nicola, JM Jackson, J Orth, C Azevedo, S Tommasini, R Manuel, A Wallace, R AF Di Nicola, P. Kalantar, D. Mccarville, T. Klingmann, J. Alvarez, S. Lowe-Webb, R. Lawson, J. Datte, P. Danforth, P. Schneider, M. Di Nicola, J. -M. Jackson, J. Orth, C. Azevedo, S. Tommasini, R. Manuel, A. Wallace, R. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Beam and target alignment at the National Ignition Facility using the Target Alignment Sensor (TAS) SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE NIF; Inertial Confinement Fusion; target; beam alignment; Target Alignment Sensor AB The requirements for beam and target alignment for successful ignition experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are stringent: the average of beams to the target must be within 25 mu m. Beam and target alignment are achieved with the Target Alignment Sensor (TAS). The TAS is a precision optical device that is inserted into target chamber center to facilitate both beam and target alignment. It incorporates two camera views (upper/lower and side) mounted on each of two stage assemblies (jaws) to view and align the target. It also incorporates a large mirror on each of the two assemblies to reflect the alignment beams onto the upper/lower cameras for beam alignment. The TAS is located in the chamber using reference features by viewing it with two external telescope views. The two jaws are adjusted in elevation to match the desired beam and target alignment locations. For some shot setups, a sequence of TAS positions is required to achieve the full setup and alignment. In this paper we describe the TAS, the characterization of the TAS coordinates for beam and target alignment, and summarize pointing shots that demonstrate the accuracy of beam-target alignment. C1 [Di Nicola, P.; Kalantar, D.; Mccarville, T.; Klingmann, J.; Alvarez, S.; Lowe-Webb, R.; Lawson, J.; Datte, P.; Danforth, P.; Schneider, M.; Di Nicola, J. -M.; Jackson, J.; Orth, C.; Azevedo, S.; Tommasini, R.; Manuel, A.; Wallace, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 95550 USA. RP Di Nicola, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 95550 USA. RI Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050B DI 10.1117/12.930173 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400009 ER PT S AU Homoelle, D Bowers, M Browning, D Burns, S Erbert, G Golick, B Haley, J McCarville, T Opachich, Y Padilla, E Palmer, N Perfect, B Pelz, L Spinka, T Throop, A Wong, JN AF Homoelle, Doug Bowers, Mark Browning, Don Burns, Scott Erbert, Gaylen Golick, Brad Haley, Jim McCarville, Tom Opachich, Yekaterina Padilla, Ernesto Palmer, Nathan Perfect, Brad Pelz, Larry Spinka, Tom Throop, Alan Wong, J. Nan BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI A compact UV timing fiducial system for use with x-ray streak cameras at NIF SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE National Ignition Facility; Timing Fiducial; X-Ray Streak Camera; Diagnostics; Fiber Laser Amplifier; Fourth-harmonic generation AB We present the design of a compact UV (263-nm) timing fiducial system for use with x-ray streak cameras at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The design consists of remote fiber amplification of an infrared 1053-nm (1 omega) seed, a free-space optical path that has two stages of frequency conversion from 1 omega to the fourth harmonic (4 omega), and fiber delivery of the 4 omega signal via output fiber for use with an x-ray streak camera. This is all contained within an airbox that can reside in a vacuum. The 1 omega seed and the pump light for the fiber amplifier is delivered to the airbox via optical fiber (similar to 100 meters) from a location in the NIF that is shielded from neutron radiation generated from imploding targets during system shots. When complete, the system will be able to provide timing fiducials to multiple x-ray streak cameras on the same system shot. We will present data that demonstrates end-to-end system performance.* C1 [Homoelle, Doug; Bowers, Mark; Browning, Don; Burns, Scott; Erbert, Gaylen; Golick, Brad; Haley, Jim; McCarville, Tom; Opachich, Yekaterina; Padilla, Ernesto; Palmer, Nathan; Perfect, Brad; Pelz, Larry; Spinka, Tom; Throop, Alan; Wong, J. Nan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Homoelle, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 850504 DI 10.1117/12.928668 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400002 ER PT S AU Izumi, N Emig, J Moody, J Middleton, C Holder, J Glenn, S Pond, T Shellman, R Cardenas, M Walsh, PJ Chelli, SJ Bradley, DK Bell, PM AF Izumi, N. Emig, J. Moody, J. Middleton, C. Holder, J. Glenn, S. Pond, T. Shellman, R. Cardenas, M. Walsh, P. J. Chelli, S. J. Bradley, D. K. Bell, P. M. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Measurement of cathodeluminescence efficiency of phosphors for micro-channel plate based x-ray framing cameras SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE MCP; x-ray framing camera; neutron background; phosphor ID SCREENS AB From a point of a signal-to-background ratio, phosphors are a key component of micro channel plate (MCP) based x-ray framing cameras. In an MCP based framing camera, x-ray signal is converted to electrons, gated, amplified, and converted back to optical signal on the phosphor. To operate x-ray framing cameras in a harsh neutron induced radiation background of the National Ignition Facility, cathodeluminescence efficiency of the phosphor is very important. To avoid MCP damage due to high voltage breakdown, we have been operating phosphors below 3kV (acceleration field < 6 kV/mm). The signal-to-background ratio the camera can be significantly improved by increasing the phosphor potential to 10kV. We measured conversion efficiencies of standard phosphors at electron energies of 0.5 similar to 10 keV and assessed achievable performance of them with using a numerical model. C1 [Izumi, N.; Emig, J.; Moody, J.; Middleton, C.; Holder, J.; Glenn, S.; Bradley, D. K.; Bell, P. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Pond, T.; Shellman, R.; Cardenas, M.] Natl Secur Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Walsh, P. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chelli, S. J.] Deposit Res Lab, St Charles, MO 63301 USA. RP Izumi, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC; U. S. Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration [E-AC52-07NA27344] FX Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050I DI 10.1117/12.930992 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400015 ER PT S AU Kalantar, DH Di Nicola, P Shingleton, N Burkhart, S Dzenitis, J Klingmann, J Lawson, J Lutz, J Manha, D Manuel, AM Mccarville, T Palma, E Pigg, D Widmann, K Wood, R AF Kalantar, D. H. Di Nicola, P. Shingleton, N. Burkhart, S. Dzenitis, J. Klingmann, J. Lawson, J. Lutz, J. Manha, D. Manuel, A. M. Mccarville, T. Palma, E. Pigg, D. Widmann, K. Wood, R. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI An overview of target and diagnostic alignment at the National Ignition Facility SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE NIF; Inertial Confinement Fusion; target; diagnostic alignment; Target Alignment Sensor; OPAS AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a 192-beam high energy laser designed for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), and High Energy Density (HED) and basic science experiments. In order to achieve ignition with an ICF target, the beam and target alignment must be performed within very tight specifications. At the same time, in order to be able to conduct the wide range of HED and basic science experiments, the facility must be able to meet the tight tolerances for both main and offset backlighter beams and targets. To diagnose the ignition event, many different target diagnostics are employed, including optical, x-ray, and nuclear diagnostics. These target diagnostics must also be positioned accurately and reliably within very tight specifications in order to ensure good data is acquired. In this paper, we describe the strategy for beam, target, and diagnostic alignment at NIF. C1 [Kalantar, D. H.; Di Nicola, P.; Shingleton, N.; Burkhart, S.; Dzenitis, J.; Klingmann, J.; Lawson, J.; Lutz, J.; Manha, D.; Manuel, A. M.; Mccarville, T.; Palma, E.; Pigg, D.; Widmann, K.; Wood, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kalantar, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 850509 DI 10.1117/12.969066 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400007 ER PT S AU Khan, SF Bell, PM Bradley, DK Burns, SR Celeste, JR Dauffy, LS Eckart, MJ Gerhard, MA Hagmann, C Headley, DI Holder, JP Izumi, N Jones, MC Kellogg, JW Khater, HY Kimbrough, JR MacPhee, AG Opachich, YP Palmer, NE Petre, RB Porter, AJL Shelton, RT Thomas, TL Worden, JB AF Khan, S. F. Bell, P. M. Bradley, D. K. Burns, S. R. Celeste, J. R. Dauffy, L. S. Eckart, M. J. Gerhard, M. A. Hagmann, C. Headley, D. I. Holder, J. P. Izumi, N. Jones, M. C. Kellogg, J. W. Khater, H. Y. Kimbrough, J. R. MacPhee, A. G. Opachich, Y. P. Palmer, N. E. Petre, R. B. Porter, A. J. L. Shelton, R. T. Thomas, T. L. Worden, J. B. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Measuring x-ray burn history with the Streaked Polar Instrumentation for Diagnosing Energetic Radiation (SPIDER) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE National Ignition Facility (NIF); inertial confinement fusion (ICF); streak camera; x-ray diagnostics; neutron mitigation; SPIDER; bang time; burn width ID CAMERAS AB We present a new diagnostic for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [1,2]. The Streaked Polar Instrumentation for Diagnosing Energetic Radiation (SPIDER) is an x-ray streak camera for use on almost-igniting targets, up to similar to 10(17) neutrons per shot. It measures the x-ray burn history for ignition campaigns with the following requirements: X-Ray Energy 8-30keV, Temporal Resolution 10ps, Absolute Timing Resolution 30ps, Neutron Yield: 10(14) to 10(17). The features of the design are a heavily shielded instrument enclosure outside the target chamber, remote location of the neutron and EMP sensitive components, a precise laser pulse comb fiducial timing system and fast streaking electronics. SPIDER has been characterized for sweep linearity, dynamic range, temporal and spatial resolution. Preliminary DT implosion data shows the functionality of the instrument and provides an illustration of the method of burn history extraction. C1 [Khan, S. F.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Burns, S. R.; Celeste, J. R.; Dauffy, L. S.; Eckart, M. J.; Gerhard, M. A.; Hagmann, C.; Holder, J. P.; Izumi, N.; Khater, H. Y.; Kimbrough, J. R.; MacPhee, A. G.; Opachich, Y. P.; Palmer, N. E.; Petre, R. B.; Shelton, R. T.; Thomas, T. L.; Worden, J. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Headley, D. I.; Jones, M. C.; Kellogg, J. W.; Porter, A. J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Khan, SF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM khan9@llnl.gov RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X FU U. S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC0494AL85000] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by Sandia National Laboratories under contract DE-AC0494AL85000. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 850505 DI 10.1117/12.930032 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400003 ER PT S AU Kimbrough, JR Moody, JD Bell, PM AF Kimbrough, Joseph R. Moody, J. D. Bell, P. M. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Design and testing of a megapixel CMOS charge dump and read camera SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE CMOS imager; CCD camera; radiation tolerant AB The National Ignition Facility requires a radiation-hardened, megapixel CMOS imaging sensor-based camera to be a direct physical and operational replacement for the CCD cameras currently used in x-ray streak cameras and gated imaging detectors. The first phase is a radiation-tolerant camera for characterization of radiation effects on the imaging sensor. This will be followed by a fully hardened version. The radiation-tolerant camera, based on the 2k by 2k CMV4000 sensor from CMOSIS Inc., has been built and optical performance was measured. Camera parts were selected to operate up to 10 krad(Si) and the camera incorporates a fast charge and dump of the sensor pixels, followed by image readout. This allows the dumping of charge due to the prompt radiation noise and then readout of the longer persistence phosphor signal from the x-ray diagnostics. C1 [Kimbrough, Joseph R.; Moody, J. D.; Bell, P. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kimbrough, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050D DI 10.1117/12.930545 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400011 ER PT S AU Kimbrough, JR MacPhee, AG Bell, PM Burns, SR Parker, JM AF Kimbrough, Joseph R. MacPhee, A. G. Bell, P. M. Burns, S. R. Parker, J. M. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Performance Improvements of PCDs for measuring x-ray bang time SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE PCD; polycrystalline diamond photoconductor; x-ray bang time ID OMEGA AB The National Ignition Facility South Pole Bang Time diagnostic uses polycrystalline diamond photoconductive detectors to measure x-ray bang time on capsule implosion shots. The original Laboratory for Laser Energetics PCD design was redesigned to eliminate ringing near the peak of the impulse response, and provide 30 picosecond resolution. The detector design, performance and x-ray laser impulse response tests used to characterize the detector are presented. C1 [Kimbrough, Joseph R.; MacPhee, A. G.; Bell, P. M.; Burns, S. R.; Parker, J. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kimbrough, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 850506 DI 10.1117/12.930551 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400004 ER PT S AU Lee, JJ Haugh, MJ LaCaille, G Torres, P AF Lee, Joshua J. Haugh, Michael J. LaCaille, Greg Torres, Peter BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Calibration of X-ray detectors in the 8 to 111 keV energy range and their application to diagnostics on the National Ignition Facility SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE HPGe calibration; x-ray sources; x-ray diagnostics; NIST certification; FFLEX; NIF; PTB AB The calibration of X-ray diagnostics is of paramount importance to the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). National Security Technologies LLC (NSTec) fills this need by providing a wide variety of calibration and diagnostic development services in support of the ongoing research efforts at NIF. The X-ray source in the High Energy X-ray lab utilizes induced fluorescence in a variety of metal foils to produce a beam of characteristic X-rays ranging from 8 to 111 keV. Presented are the methods used for calibrating a High Purity Germanium detector, using NIST traceable radioactive sources, and compared against a silicon photodiode calibrated at Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). A limited presentation of results from the recent calibration of the upgraded Filter Fluorescer X-ray Spectrometer is included. C1 [Lee, Joshua J.; Haugh, Michael J.; Torres, Peter] Natl Secur Technol LLC, 161 S Vasco Rd,Suite A, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [LaCaille, Greg] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lee, JJ (reprint author), Natl Secur Technol LLC, 161 S Vasco Rd,Suite A, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU National Security Technologies, LLC [DE-AC52-06NA25946]; U. S. Department of Energy; The United States Government retains and the publisher; accepting the article for publication; United States Government retains a non- exclusive; United States Government purposes [DOE/NV/25946--1580] FX This manuscript has been authored by National Security Technologies, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25946 with the U. S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non- exclusive, paid- up, irrevocable, world- wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. DOE/NV/25946--1580 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 850508 DI 10.1117/12.930162 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400006 ER PT S AU Nagel, SR Ayers, MJ Felker, B Hilsabeck, TJ Chung, T Smith, RF Bell, PM Bradley, DK Collins, GW Kilkenny, JD Sammuli, B Hares, JD Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL AF Nagel, Sabrina R. Ayers, M. J. Felker, B. Hilsabeck, T. J. Chung, T. Smith, R. F. Bell, P. M. Bradley, D. K. Collins, G. W. Kilkenny, J. D. Sammuli, B. Hares, J. D. Dymoke-Bradshaw, A. K. L. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Performance measurements of the DIXI (dilation x-ray imager) photocathode using a laser produced x-ray source SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE gated; x-ray; imager; time dilation AB DIXI (dilation x-ray imager) will be used to characterize ICF (inertial confinement fusion) implosions on the NIF. DIXI utilizes pulse-dilation technology(1) to achieve x-ray imaging with temporal gate times below 10 ps. Time resolved x-ray measurements were conducted using the COMET laser facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Here we focus on some of the challenges faced by the large aperture photo cathode of the instrument and report on how to maintain a at photo cathode as well as how the required spatial resolution of the instrument is achieved. C1 [Nagel, Sabrina R.; Ayers, M. J.; Felker, B.; Smith, R. F.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Collins, G. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hilsabeck, T. J.; Chung, T.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Sammuli, B.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Hares, J. D.; Dymoke-Bradshaw, A. K. L.] Kentech Instrument Ltd, Wallingford OX10 8BA, Oxon, England. RP Nagel, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC; U.S. Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The Authors would like to acknowledge the support of the staff at the Jupiter Laser Facility and thank the Shape Group or providing the modeling results. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050H DI 10.1117/12.929736 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400014 ER PT S AU Shingleton, N Kalantar, D Wood, R McCarville, T Klingmann, J Manuel, A AF Shingleton, N. Kalantar, D. Wood, R. McCarville, T. Klingmann, J. Manuel, A. BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Alignment of an x-Ray Imager Line of Sight in the National Ignition Facility (NIF) Target Chamber using a Diagnostic Instrument Manipulator (DIM) and Opposed Port Alignment System (OPAS) SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE NIF; fusion; alignment; telescope; line of sight; diagnostic; OPAS AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) fields multiple varieties of x-ray imaging systems used to diagnose the implosion physics of laser-driven fusion targets. The imagers consist of time-resolved x-ray detectors coupled with a snout assembly for spatial and/or spectral imaging. The instrument is mounted onto a cart that extends into the NIF target chamber, placing it in close proximity to the target and aligning with a tight tolerance using the Opposed Port Alignment System (OPAS). The OPAS is a modified, commercial Schmidt-Cassegrain optical telescope mounted at the target chamber port, opposite the Diagnostic Instrument Manipulator (DIM). In this paper, the approach used to characterize and align the x-ray imaging instruments is described. The characterization includes offline measurements of the pinhole assembly and the detector housing. Online, deviations of the DIM, as it is inserted along rails toward the target chamber center, are characterized and related to the OPAS view. An overview of the offline measurement stations is provided along with the process to develop the relationship between the offline alignment scopes and the OPAS as a function of DIM insertion. The combination of these measurements is used to mathematically construct the predicted location of the x-ray imager line of sight in the OPAS image space and determine the desired pinhole location to record data on a fusion experiment. The alignment accuracy of this approach will be discussed, as demonstrated with various x-ray instruments and pinhole configurations. Prepared by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-524755. C1 [Shingleton, N.; Kalantar, D.; Wood, R.; McCarville, T.; Klingmann, J.; Manuel, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Shingleton, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM shingleton3@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050A DI 10.1117/12.929967 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400008 ER PT S AU Teruya, AT Vernon, SP Moody, JD Hsing, WW Brown, CG Griffin, M Mead, AS Tran, V AF Teruya, Alan T. Vernon, Stephen P. Moody, James D. Hsing, Warren W. Brown, Christopher G. Griffin, Matthew Mead, Andrew S. Vu Tran BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Performance of a 512 x 512 Gated CMOS Imager with a 250 ps Exposure Time SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Gated imagers; x-ray imagers; CMOS imagers AB We describe the performance of a 512x512 gated CMOS read out integrated circuit (ROIC) with a 250 ps exposure time. A low-skew, H-tree trigger distribution system is used to locally generate individual pixel gates in each 8x8 neighborhood of the ROIC. The temporal width of the gate is voltage controlled and user selectable via a precision potentiometer. The gating implementation was first validated in optical tests of a 64x64 pixel prototype ROIC developed as a proof-of-concept during the early phases of the development program. The layout of the H-Tree addresses each quadrant of the ROIC independently and admits operation of the ROIC in two modes. If "common mode" triggering is used, the camera provides a single 512x512 image. If independent triggers are used, the camera can provide up to four 256x256 images with a frame separation set by the trigger intervals. The ROIC design includes small (sub-pixel) optical photodiode structures to allow test and characterization of the ROIC using optical sources prior to bump bonding. Reported test results were obtained using short pulse, second harmonic Ti:Sapphire laser systems operating at lambda similar to 400 nm at sub-ps pulse widths. C1 [Teruya, Alan T.; Vernon, Stephen P.; Moody, James D.; Hsing, Warren W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Brown, Christopher G.; Griffin, Matthew; Mead, Andrew S.; Vu Tran] Natl Secure Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Teruya, AT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU MIT- Lincoln Laboratory [512x512] FX The authors would like to thank Robert Berger, Dennis Rathmann, David Craig, Keith Warner, Antonio Soares, and Robert Reich of MIT- Lincoln Laboratory for their work in the design and fabrication of the prototype 512x512 sensor and the electronic board set. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050F DI 10.1117/12.930150 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400012 ER PT S AU Teruya, AT Bell, PM Burns, S Hagmann, C Moody, JD Richardson, M AF Teruya, Alan T. Bell, Perry M. Burns, Scott Hagmann, Chris Moody, James D. Richardson, Mike BE Bell, P Grim, GP TI Testing of CMOS Devices in NIF's Harsh Neutron Environment SO TARGET DIAGNOSTICS PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE CMOS; neutron damage; National Ignition Facility (NIF) AB Vendor supplied CMOS sensors were exposed to 14 MeV neutrons on yield shots in NIF and examined for damage. The sensors were exposed to multiple shots with a maximum fluence on one of the sensors of 4.3E11 n/cm(2). The results of post-shot testing will be presented. LLNL is investigating the suitability of CMOS imaging sensors for use in the camera of the ARIANE diagnostic which will mitigate the effects of the NIF neutron environment by dumping photoelectrons during the neutron pulse and then recording an image stored on a long persistence phosphor. C1 [Teruya, Alan T.; Bell, Perry M.; Burns, Scott; Hagmann, Chris; Moody, James D.; Richardson, Mike] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Teruya, AT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9222-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8505 AR 85050C DI 10.1117/12.930132 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX57 UT WOS:000311838400010 ER PT J AU Oliveira-Neto, FM Chin, SM Hwang, HL AF Moraes Oliveira-Neto, Francisco Chin, Shih Miao Hwang, Ho-ling TI Aggregate Freight Generation Modeling Assessing Temporal Effect of Economic Activity on Freight Volumes with Two-Period Cross-Sectional Data SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK AB The most comprehensive publicly available freight databases are the Commodity Flow Survey and FHWA's Freight Analysis Framework. These two sources contain the dollar value and weight of freight movements at high geographic levels, such as states or metropolitan areas. Because of the difficulty of obtaining freight data at lower geographic levels, various practitioners and researchers have suggested estimating freight models on the basis of aggregate data. Following recent practice, a methodology is presented to estimate a nationwide production and attraction model for U.S. domestic trade of goods. To this end, a Commodity Flow Survey data set provided by the U.S. Census Bureau and composed of a 2-nonconsecutive-year period (2002 and 2007) of goods movement between U.S. states for 27 industry sectors was used. The state payroll by industry sector, obtained from the County Business Patterns of the U.S. census, was the variable used to estimate freight generation models. The main objective of this study was to analyze the temporal stability and predictability of the proposed aggregate models. The results indicate that payroll alone explains a significant portion of the freight production and attraction at the state level. However, such simplification in the model process did not result in reasonable predictions of freight for a future-year horizon. It is recommended that time-dependent factors (e.g., variables related to changes in industry productivity) affecting freight demand be considered in the modeling process. C1 [Moraes Oliveira-Neto, Francisco; Chin, Shih Miao; Hwang, Ho-ling] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Oliveira-Neto, FM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM oliveiranefm@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2012 IS 2285 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.3141/2285-17 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 047YX UT WOS:000311878500018 ER PT S AU Anderson, J AF Anderson, Jacob CA CMS Hcal Collaboration GP IOP TI Upgrade of the CMS hadron calorimeter for an upgraded LHC SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB The CMS barrel and endcap hadron calorimeters (Hcal) upgrading the current photo-sensors are hybrid photodiodes (HPDs) to meet the demands of the upgraded luminosity of the LHC. A key aspect of the Hcal upgrade is to add longitudinal segmentation to improve background rejection, energy resolution, and electron isolation at L1 trigger. The increased segmentation can be achieved by replacing the HPD's with multi-pixel Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes. The upgraded electronics are required to operate in a harsh environment and are constrained by the existing infrastructure. The proposed solutions span from chip level to system level. They include the development of a new ADC ASIC, the design and testing of higher speed transmitters to handle the increased data volume, the evaluation and use of circuits from other developments, evaluation of commercial FPGAs, better thermal design and improvements in the overall architecture. C1 [Anderson, Jacob; CMS Hcal Collaboration] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Anderson, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM andersj@fnal.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012019 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012019 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100019 ER PT S AU Bonvicini, V Driutti, A Cauz, D Pauletta, G Rubinov, P Santi, L Wenzel, H AF Bonvicini, V. Driutti, A. Cauz, D. Pauletta, G. Rubinov, P. Santi, L. Wenzel, H. GP IOP TI Scintillating Glasses for Total Absorption Dual Readout Calorimetry SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB Scintillating glasses are a potentially cheaper alternative to crystal - based calorimetry with common problems related to light collection, detection and processing. As such, their use and development are part of more extensive R&D aimed at investigating the potential of total absorption, combined with the readout (DR) technique, for hadron calorimetry. A recent series of measurements, using cosmic and particle beams from the Fermilab test beam facility and scintillating glass with the characteristics required for application of the DR technique, serve to illustrate the problems addressed and the progress achieved by this R&D. Alternative solutions for light collection (conventional and silicon photomultipliers) and signal processing are compared, the separate contributions of scintillation and Cherenkov processes to the signal are evaluated and results are compared to simulation. C1 [Bonvicini, V.] INFN Trieste, Trieste, Ts, Italy. [Driutti, A.; Cauz, D.; Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.] Univ Udine, Udine, UD, Italy. [Driutti, A.; Cauz, D.; Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Udine, UD, Italy. [Rubinov, P.; Wenzel, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Bonvicini, V (reprint author), INFN Trieste, Trieste, Ts, Italy. EM giovanni.pauletta@uniud.it NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012057 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012057 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100057 ER PT S AU Gatto, C Di Benedetto, V Mazzacane, A AF Gatto, C. Di Benedetto, V. Mazzacane, A. CA T1015 Collaboration GP IOP TI Preliminary Results from a Test Beam of ADRIANO Prototype SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB The physics program at future colliders demands an energy resolution of the calorimetric component of detectors at the limits of traditional techniques. The ADRIANO technology (A Dual-readout Integrally Active Non-segmented Option) is under development with an expected excellent performance. Results from detailed Monte Carlo studies on performance with respect to energy resolution, linear response and transverse containment and a preliminary optimization of the layout are presented. A baseline configuration is chosen with an estimated energy resolution of sigma(E)/E approximate to 30%/root E, to support an extensive R&D program recently started by T1015 Collaboration at Fermilab. Preliminary results from a test beam at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility (FTBF) of a similar to 1 lambda(I) prototype are presented, along with simulation studies. Future prospects with ultra-heavy glass are, also, summarized. C1 [Gatto, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Di Benedetto, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Univ Salerno, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Mazzacane, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. RP Gatto, C (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy. EM corrado.gatto@infn.it NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012030 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012030 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100030 ER PT S AU Groom, D AF Groom, Don GP IOP TI Why a homogeneous dual readout calorimeter won't work SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM ID HADRON; URANIUM AB If the response to a hadronic shower in a semi-infinite uniform calorimeter structure is S relative to the electronic response, then S/E = [f(em)+(1-f(em))(h/e)], where E is the incident hadron energy, f(em) is the electronic shower fraction, and h/e is the hadron/electron response ratio. In conventional calorimeters the resolution is dominated by the stochastic variable f(em), whose broad, skewed pdf has an energy-dependent mean. The slow increase of the mean with E is responsible for response nonlinearity and the skewness results in a non-Gaussian response. If the cascade is observed in two channels with different values of h/e (typically scintillator(S) and Cherenkov (C)), f(em) can be eliminated. An energy estimator, linear in C and S, is obtained which is proportional to the incident hadron's energy. The resolution depends upon the contrast in h/e between the two channels. The Cherenkov h/e will be 0.20-0.25. In sampling calorimeters, h/e can be increased to about 0.7 by arranging for preferential absorption of the electromagnetic (EM) shower energy in the absorber (decreasing e) and using a hydrogenous detector (organic scintillator) to enhance h through the contribution of recoil protons in n-p scattering. Neither mechanism is available in a homogeneous crystal or glass scintillator, where h/e is expected to be in the vicinity of 0.4 because of invisible hadronic energy loss and other effects. The h/e contrast is very likely too small to provide the needed energy resolution. We support this conclusion with simple Monte Carlo simulations. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Groom, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM degroom@lbl.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012028 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012028 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100028 ER PT S AU Guardincerri, E AF Guardincerri, Elena GP IOP TI The LBNE near detector SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM ID NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS; MATTER; MASSES AB The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) is a next generation neutrino oscillation experiment currently proposed for construction in the United States with the main goal of studying muon (anti)neutrinos oscillations into electron (anti)neutrinos over a distance greater than 1000 km and over a wide range of neutrino energies. Its main physics results will be the precision measurement of delta(CP) and all three mixing angles. A value of delta(CP) different from 0 or pi will appear in the LBNE data as a small (0% to 40%) asymmetry on the oscillation probability of neutrinos versus antineutrinos. Such a small effect requires a very good control of the systematic uncertainties affecting the measurement and this can only been accomplished using a near detector. I will describe the LBNE near detector complex focusing primarily on its reference design, which includes a set of muon detectors to monitor the beam and a magnetized liquid argon TPC surrounded by a muon identifier detector to measure neutrino interactions at the near site. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guardincerri, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012036 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012036 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100036 ER PT S AU Magill, S AF Magill, Stephen GP IOP TI The NOvA Neutrino Calorimeter SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB The NOvA experiment is a long baseline neutrino detector designed to 1) observe oscillations of muon neutrinos to electron neutrinos, 2) determine the ordering of the neutrino mass states, and 3) observe CP violation in neutrinos if it exists. To accomplish this, the NOvA detector is a unique low-Z, high sampling fraction calorimeter capable of precise measurements of the particles produced in a neutrino interaction while also being able to reject particles from background cosmic rays. Some experience has already been obtained with the operation of a prototype near detector on the Fermi lab site, and construction of the far detector is just beginning in northern Minnesota. The calorimetric properties of the NOvA detector will be described with emphasis on relevance to the overall experimental goals. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Magill, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012035 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012035 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100035 ER PT S AU Magill, S AF Magill, Stephen GP IOP TI Use of Particle Flow Algorithms in a Dual Readout Crystal Calorimeter SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB The ability to grow clear, dense scintillating crystals presents an opportunity for development of a total absorption calorimeter that could contain multi-GeV hadrons in a detector volume similar to that of present-day calorimeters. With appropriate crystals and optimized readout elements, both scintillation and Cerenkov photons can be produced and detected separately. This dual readout approach allows one to selectively correct particle energies, resulting in significant gains in energy resolution -> 2.0%/root E or even better for hadrons. An R&D program is underway to 1) develop appropriate clear, dense crystals, 2) test innovative readout methods for both scintillation and Cerenkov light, and 3) provide test beam capability for crystal and readout sensor testing and simulation verification. As part of this effort, simulation studies have been done assuming a dual readout crystal calorimeter implementation for a future e(+)e(-) linear collider detector. By using the dual readout correction, corrections for magnetic field effects on low momentum charged hadrons, and particle flow techniques, substantial improvements in dijet mass resolution are obtained. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Magill, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012048 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012048 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100048 ER PT S AU Wenzel, H AF Wenzel, Hans GP IOP TI Simulation Studies of a Total Absorption Dual Readout Calorimeter SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB We have created a flexible, easy to use simulation framework based on GEANT 4 to perform detailed simulations of a crystal based total absorption calorimeter with dual readout. The correction to the observed scintillation signal can be determined by comparison of the scintillation signal with the beam energy as a function of the Cerenkov-to-scintillation C/S ratio. In this article we describe the features of the software we developed and show results for various crystal materials and physics lists. We show that applying an energy-independent correction results in an energy resolution of approximate to 10%/root E for single pi(-). C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Wenzel, H (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM wenzel@fnal.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012049 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012049 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100049 ER PT S AU Woody, C Kistenev, E AF Woody, C. Kistenev, E. CA PHENIX Collaboration GP IOP TI The Calorimeter Systems for the sPHENIX Experiment at RHIC SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM AB A major upgrade is being planned for the PHENIX experiment that will have greatly enhanced physics capabilities to measure jets in relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC, as well as in polarized proton interactions, and eventually electron ion collisions at an Electron Ion Collider. This upgrade, sPHENIX, will include two new calorimeter systems. One will be a hadronic calorimeter, which will be the first hadronic calorimeter ever used in an experiment at RHIC, and another will be a new compact electromagnetic calorimeter. Both calorimeters will cover a region of +/- 1.1 in pseudorapidity and 2 pi in phi. The hadron calorimeter will be based on scintillator plates interspersed between steel absorber plates and read out with wavelength shifting fibers. The electromagnetic calorimeter will be an accordion design that will utilize scintillating fibers embedded in a matrix consisting of tungsten plates, tungsten powder and epoxy. The readout for both calorimeters will use silicon photomultipliers. The overall design of these two calorimeter systems is described along with the R&D efforts currently being pursued to develop them along with their readout. C1 [Woody, C.; Kistenev, E.; PHENIX Collaboration] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Woody, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510C, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM woody@bnl.gov; kistenev@bnl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012024 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012024 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100024 ER PT S AU Zhao, ZW Huang, J Meziane, M Zheng, X Reimer, PE Armstrong, D Averett, T Deconinck, W AF Zhao, Z. W. Huang, J. Meziane, M. Zheng, X. Reimer, P. E. Armstrong, D. Averett, T. Deconinck, W. CA SoLID Collaboration GP IOP TI EM Calorimeters for SoLID at Jefferson Lab SO XVTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CALORIMETRY IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS (CALOR2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics (CALOR) CY JUN 04-08, 2012 CL Santa Fe, NM ID SHASHLYK CALORIMETER; DETECTOR AB Several approved experiments at Jefferson Lab for the 12 GeV era will use the proposed Solenoid Large Intensity Device (SoLID) spectrometer. Two EM calorimeters with a total area of 15 square meters are required for electron identification and electron-pion separation. The challenge is to build calorimeters that can withstand high radiation doses in high magnetic field region and bring photon signals to low field region for readout. Several types of calorimeters were considered and we are favoring Shashlyk type as a result of balancing performance and cost. Our preliminary design and simulation of SoLID EM calorimeters are presented. C1 [Zhao, Z. W.; Zheng, X.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, 382 Mccormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Huang, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Meziane, M.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Reimer, P. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Armstrong, D.; Averett, T.; Deconinck, W.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Zhao, ZW (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, 382 Mccormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM zwzhao@jlab.org OI Deconinck, Wouter/0000-0003-4033-6716 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 404 AR 012020 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/404/1/012020 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BDS62 UT WOS:000314704100020 ER PT S AU Uzunov, NM Liguori, N Fontana, CL Baneva, Y Atroshchenko, K Bello, M Moschini, G Rosato, A Rigato, V Doyle, B Rossi, P AF Uzunov, N. M. Liguori, N. Fontana, C. L. Baneva, Y. Atroshchenko, K. Bello, M. Moschini, G. Rosato, A. Rigato, V. Doyle, B. Rossi, P. BA DimovaMalinovska, D Nesheva, D Pecheva, E Petrov, AG Primatarowa, MT BF DimovaMalinovska, D Nesheva, D Pecheva, E Petrov, AG Primatarowa, MT TI Feasibility study of the proton yield from the reaction D(He-3,p)He-4 as a possible tool for radiotherapy treatment SO 17TH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL ON CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS (ISCMP): OPEN PROBLEMS IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, BIOMEDICAL PHYSICS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International School on Condensed Matter Physics (ISCMP) - Open Problems in Condensed Matter Physics, Biomedical Physics and their Applications CY SEP 02-07, 2012 CL Varna, BULGARIA SP Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys ID CROSS-SECTION; NUCLEAR-REACTION; DEUTERIUM AB Recent achievements in proton and carbon ions therapy have shown the importance of the hadron therapy methods. Aiming at radiotherapy applications such as dermatological and intra-operative procedures, where a short range treatment is needed, we have studied the use of nuclear reactions induced by low energy ions from small accelerators. A very suitable reaction is D(He-3, p)He-4, using He-3(+) ions with energies of about 800 keV. The resulting protons have energies above 17 MeV and could deliver significant radiation dose depending on the accelerator He-3(+) beam current and the irradiation time. The deuterium containing target was prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering of titanium in Ar and Ar+D-2 radiofrequency plasma on a substrate of Silicon. The Ti-D-x stoichiometry and deuterium content was determined by Ion Beam Analysis. The accelerated He-3(+) beam was provided by the 2.5MV Van de Graaff accelerator at the National Laboratories of Legnaro, INFN, Italy. Proton yield as a function of the beam current at different forward scattering angles has been studied for the energies of the incoming He-3(+) in the 700keV - 800keV energy interval. The irradiated volume and the radiation dose in biological tissues as a function of the proton energy and proton yield has been estimated. Possible applications in small animal treatment studies as well as potential clinical radiotherapy applications are discussed. C1 [Uzunov, N. M.] Shumen Univ K Preslavsky, Fac Nat Sci, 115 Univ Ska Str, Shumen 9712, Bulgaria. [Liguori, N.; Fontana, C. L.; Atroshchenko, K.; Rossi, P.] Univ Padua, Dept Phys, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Baneva, Y.] Med Univ, Dept Phys & Biophys, Varna 9000, Bulgaria. [Bello, M.; Moschini, G.] INFN, Natl Labs Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Rosato, A.] Univ Padua, Dept Oncol & Surg Sci, I-35128 Padua, Italy. [Uzunov, N. M.; Liguori, N.; Rossi, P.] INFN sect Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Doyle, B.; Rossi, P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Uzunov, NM (reprint author), Shumen Univ K Preslavsky, Fac Nat Sci, 115 Univ Ska Str, Shumen 9712, Bulgaria. EM nikolay.uzunov@lnl.infn.it OI Rigato, Valentino/0000-0003-0671-7750 FU ICTP, Trieste, Italy; Program for Training and research in Italian Laboratories; U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administratio [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX One of the authors (N Uzunov) would like to acknowledge the support received from the ICTP, Trieste, Italy and in particular the Program for Training and research in Italian Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi- program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 398 AR 012029 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/398/1/012029 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BDQ56 UT WOS:000314465000029 ER PT J AU Le, QV Han, J Gray, JW Spellman, PT Borowsky, A Parvin, B AF Le, Quoc V. Han, Ju Gray, Joe W. Spellman, Paul T. Borowsky, Alexander Parvin, Bahram GP IEEE TI LEARNING INVARIANT FEATURES OF TUMOR SIGNATURES SO 2012 9TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (ISBI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAY 02-05, 2012 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE subspace learning; tumor architecture; apoptotic and necrotic signatures ID BREAST-CANCER; CLASSIFICATION AB We present a novel method for automated learning of features from unlabeled image patches for classification of tumor architecture. In contrast to previous manually-designed feature detectors (e. g., Gabor basis function), the proposed method utilizes inexpensive unlabeled data to construct features. The algorithm, also known as reconstruction independent subspace analysis, can be described as a two-layer network with non-linear responses, where the second layer represents subspace structures. The technique is applied to tissue sections for characterizing necrosis, apoptotic, and viable regions of Glioblastoma Multifrome (GBM) from TCGA dataset. Experimental results show that this method outperforms more complex expert-designed approaches. The fact that our approach learns features automatically from unlabeled data promises a wider application of self-learning strategies for tissue characterization. C1 [Le, Quoc V.] Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Han, Ju; Parvin, Bahram] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Gray, Joe W.; Spellman, Paul T.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Spatial Syst Biomed, Portland, OR USA. [Borowsky, Alexander] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Comparat Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Le, QV (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. FU NIH [R01 CA140663, U24 CA1437991]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by NIH grant R01 CA140663 (bp) and U24 CA1437991 (ps) carried out at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-1858-8 PY 2012 BP 302 EP 305 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BDA85 UT WOS:000312384100076 ER PT J AU Chang, H Loss, LA Spellman, PT Borowsky, A Parvin, B AF Chang, Hang Loss, Leandro A. Spellman, Paul T. Borowsky, Alexander Parvin, Bahram GP IEEE TI BATCH-INVARIANT NUCLEAR SEGMENTATION IN WHOLE MOUNT HISTOLOGY SECTIONS SO 2012 9TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (ISBI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAY 02-05, 2012 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Nuclear segmentation; Nuclear/ Background classification; H&E tissue section ID COLOR; IMAGES AB The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provides a rich repository of whole mount tumor sections that are collected from different laboratories. However, there are a significant amount of technical and biological variations that impede analysis. We have developed a novel approach for nuclear segmentation in histology sections, which addresses the problem of technical and biological variations by incorporating information from manually annotated reference patches with the local color space of the original image. Subsequently, the problem is formulated within a multi-reference graph cut with geodesic constraints. This approach has been validated on manually curated samples and then applied to a dataset of 440 whole mount tissue sections, originating from different laboratories, which are typically 40k-by-40k pixels or larger. Segmentation results, through a zoomable interface, and extracted morphometric data are available at: http://tcga.lbl.gov. C1 [Chang, Hang; Loss, Leandro A.; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-1858-8 PY 2012 BP 856 EP 859 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BDA85 UT WOS:000312384100215 ER PT J AU Loss, LA Chang, H Sarkar, P Auer, M Parvin, B AF Loss, Leandro A. Chang, Hang Sarkar, Purbasha Auer, Manfred Parvin, Bahram GP IEEE TI DETECTION OF 3D FILAMENTOUS NETWORKS FROM TOMOGRAPHIC ELECTRON MICROSCOPY SO 2012 9TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (ISBI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAY 02-05, 2012 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Filament Segmentation; Perceptual Organization; Electron Microscopy; Plant Cell Wall ID DIRECT VISUALIZATION; CELL WALL AB This paper presents a computational approach for detection of filamentous networks in 3D tomographic electron microscopy. Due to the general heterogeneity of chemical staining, imaged signatures may appear punctate and discontinuous. Very often, there is a necessity to characterize organization and phenotypic signatures of stained structures. This is the example of polysaccharides in the plant cell wall, where characterization of its inner structure allows for studies of their mechanical properties and accessibility. Our approach consists of three steps: (i) Hessian filtering for signal enhancement; (ii) tensor voting for detection and completion of organized patterns; and (iii) curve tracking for segmentation of filaments and junctions. We validated our approach by detecting filaments in synthetic images and real plant cell walls imaged by 3D tomographic electron microscopy. C1 [Loss, Leandro A.; Chang, Hang; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sarkar, Purbasha; Auer, Manfred] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy Biosci Inst, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Loss, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Energy Biosciences Institute, U.C. Berkeley (EBI) [007G18]; National Cancer Institute [R01CA140663, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institute of Health [GM051487-15] FX Research supported by (i) the Energy Biosciences Institute, U.C. Berkeley (EBI grant No. 007G18), (ii) the National Cancer Institute (grant No. R01CA140663) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and (iii) the National Institute of Health (grant No. 2 P01 GM051487-15). NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-1858-8 PY 2012 BP 1385 EP 1388 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BDA85 UT WOS:000312384100358 ER PT J AU Han, J Chang, H Fontenay, GV Spellman, PT Borowsky, A Parvin, B AF Han, Ju Chang, Hang Fontenay, Gerald V. Spellman, Paul T. Borowsky, Alexander Parvin, Bahram GP IEEE TI MOLECULAR BASES OF MORPHOMETRIC COMPOSITION IN GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME SO 2012 9TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (ISBI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) - From Nano to Macro CY MAY 02-05, 2012 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP IEEE, IEEE Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Tumor architecture; Cox proportional-hazards model; consensus clustering; molecular association ID THERAPEUTIC TARGET; EXPRESSION; DISCOVERY AB Integrated analysis of tissue histology with the genome-wide array (e. g., OMIC) and clinical data have the potential for hypothesis generation and be prognostic. OMIC and clinical data are typically characterized and summarized at the patient level while whole mount histological sections are often heterogeneous in terms of nuclear morphology and organization. In this paper, we propose a multi-level framework for summarization and association of morphometric data. At the lowest level, each nucleus is segmented and then profiled with a multi-dimensional representation. At the intermediate level, cellular profiles are summarized within a local neighborhood, and further clustered into subtypes. At the highest level, each patient is represented by the composition of subtypes that are computed from the intermediate level, and then integrated with OMIC and outcome data for further analysis. The framework has been applied to Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Based on cellularity and nuclear size, four subtypes have been identified at the intermediate level. Subsequent multi-variate survival analysis indicates that the patient composition of one of the subtypes, with extremely low cellularity and small nucleus size, has a significantly higher hazard ratio. Further correlation of this subtype with the molecular data reveals enrichment of (i) STAT3 pathway and (ii) common regulators of PKC, TNF, AGT, and PDGF. C1 [Han, Ju; Chang, Hang; Fontenay, Gerald V.; Parvin, Bahram] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Spellman, Paul T.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Spatial Syst Biomed, Portland, OR USA. [Borowsky, Alexander] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Comparat Med, Davis, CA USA. RP Han, J (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NIH [U24 CA1437991]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DEAC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by NIH grant a U24 CA1437991 (ps) carried out at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DEAC02-05CH11231. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4577-1858-8 PY 2012 BP 1631 EP 1634 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BDA85 UT WOS:000312384100421 ER PT S AU Ferry, VE AF Ferry, Vivian E. GP IEEE TI Light Trapping in Plasmonic Photovoltaics SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui ID SOLAR-CELLS AB Plasmonic and nanophotonic structures enable the manipulation and molding of light in nanoscale devices. These nanostructures are designed and integrated to achieve broadband photocurrent enhancement in ultrathin film photovoltaics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ferry, VE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM veferry@lbl.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 52 EP 53 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000027 ER PT S AU Sharma, YD Jun, YC Kim, JO Brener, I Krishna, S AF Sharma, Yagya D. Jun, Young Chul Kim, Jun Oh Brener, Igal Krishna, Sanjay GP IEEE TI Polarization-dependent Photocurrent Enhancement in Metamaterial-integrated Quantum Dot Infrared Detectors SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of quantum dots-in-a-well infrared detectors integrated with a planar metamaterial layer. The resonantly excited metamaterial layer provides strongly enhanced optical fields and the increased photocurrent is obtained at the metamaterial resonant frequency. C1 [Sharma, Yagya D.; Kim, Jun Oh; Krishna, Sanjay] Univ New Mexico, Dept ECE, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Jun, Young Chul; Brener, Igal] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sharma, YD (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept ECE, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Jun, Young Chul/I-2274-2013 OI Jun, Young Chul/0000-0002-7578-8811 FU AFRL [FA9453- 12- 1- 0131]; U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE- AC04- 94AL85000] FX We acknowledge support from AFRL FA9453- 12- 1- 0131. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi- program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE- AC04- 94AL85000. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 171 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000087 ER PT S AU Ginis, V Tassin, P Danckaert, J Soukoulis, C Veretennicoff, I AF Ginis, Vincent Tassin, Philippe Danckaert, Jan Soukoulis, Costas Veretennicoff, Irina GP IEEE TI Beating the diffraction limit with perfect confinement inside a right-handed cavity SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB We develop a novel approach to create optical resonators by applying the geometrical technique of transformation optics and we show that the fundamental diffraction limit can be overcome inside metamaterials with right-handed material parameters. C1 [Ginis, Vincent; Danckaert, Jan; Veretennicoff, Irina] Vrije Univ Brussel, Appl Phys Res Grp, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Tassin, Philippe; Soukoulis, Costas] Ames Lab US DOE, Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ginis, V (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussel, Appl Phys Res Grp, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RI Tassin, Philippe/B-7152-2008; Ginis, Vincent/J-9700-2014; OI Danckaert, Jan/0000-0002-7204-0031 FU Research Foundation Flanders ( FWO- Vlaanderen); Belgian Science Policy Office [IAPVI/ 10]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering ( Ames Laboratory is operated for the U. S. Department of Energy by Iowa State Universit [DEAC0207CH11358] FX V. G. is a Ph. D. Fellow ( Aspirant) of the Research Foundation Flanders ( FWO- Vlaanderen). Work at VUB was supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office under Grant No. IAPVI/ 10. Work at Ames Laboratory was partially supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering ( Ames Laboratory is operated for the U. S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DEAC0207CH11358). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 336 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000169 ER PT S AU Yang, X Chang, ASP Chen, B Gu, C Bond, TC AF Yang, Xuan Chang, Allan S. P. Chen, Bin Gu, Claire Bond, Tiziana C. GP IEEE TI Multiplexed Gas Sensing Based on Raman Spectroscopy in Photonic Crystal Fiber SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB We present the highly-sensitive Raman detection of various gases (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, toluene, acetone and 1,1,1-trichloroethane) using a hollow core photonic crystal fiber probe and demonstrate its multiplexed gas sensing capability quantitatively. C1 [Yang, Xuan; Gu, Claire] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Yang, Xuan; Chang, Allan S. P.; Chen, Bin; Bond, Tiziana C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chen, Bin] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Adv Studies Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Gu, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM claire@soe.ucsc.edu; bond7@llnl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy by LLNL [DE- AC52- 07NA27344]; Lawrence Scholar Program at LLNL FX This work is supported by NSF and performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by LLNL under contract DE- AC52- 07NA27344. X. Y. acknowledges financial support by the Lawrence Scholar Program at LLNL. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 447 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000223 ER PT S AU Humble, TS Earl, DD Williams, BP AF Humble, Travis S. Earl, D. Duncan Williams, Brian P. GP IEEE TI Tamper-Indicating Quantum Optical Seals SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB We demonstrate a quantum optical seal using entangled photons to monitor the integrity of a fiber-optic channel subject to tampering. This application of quantum photonics provides a basis for physical layer security in cyber-physical systems. C1 [Humble, Travis S.; Earl, D. Duncan; Williams, Brian P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Humble, TS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM humblets@ornl.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 475 EP 476 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000237 ER PT S AU Park, B Jung, IW Provine, J Howe, RT Solgaard, O AF Park, Bryan Jung, Il Woong Provine, J. Howe, Roger T. Solgaard, Olav GP IEEE TI Double-Layer Silicon Photonic Crystal Fiber Tip Temperature Sensor SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui DE double-layer photonic crystal; fiber sensor; temperature sensing; GOPHER; template-assisted epoxy bonding AB We describe the fabrication of a double-layer silicon photonic crystal using self-aligned CMOS-compatible processes and its assembly on a single mode fiber using a wafer template and epoxy bonding. The fiber sensor has sharper resonances and higher temperature sensitivity than the previously-reported single-layer sensor. The new assembly method facilitates batch-production of the sensor and allows for extension to high temperature measurement. C1 [Park, Bryan; Solgaard, Olav] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Jung, Il Woong] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Provine, J.; Howe, Roger T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Integrated Circuits Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Park, B (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM insun@stanford.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA) N/ MEMS S& T Fundamentals program [N66001- 10- 1- 4004]; Boeing company [33130] FX This work was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA) N/ MEMS S& T Fundamentals program under grant no. N66001- 10- 1- 4004 issued by the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific ( SPAWAR) and the Boeing company under contract # 33130. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 550 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000274 ER PT S AU Cai, H Liu, S Lalanne, E Liu, PQ Bouzi, P Wang, XJ Johnson, AM AF Cai, Hong Liu, Sheng Lalanne, Elaine Liu, Peter Q. Bouzi, Pierre Wang, Xiaojun Johnson, Anthony M. GP IEEE TI Investigation of Giant Kerr Nonlinearity in Quantum Cascade Lasers Using fs Mid-IR Pulses SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB Femtosecond mid-IR pulses were coupled into a quantum cascade laser. The spectral broadening and far-field profile of the transmitted pulses showed an intensity dependence. n(2) was experimentally estimated to be on the order of similar to 10(-9) cm(2)/W. C1 [Cai, Hong; Liu, Sheng; Johnson, Anthony M.] UMBC, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cai, Hong; Liu, Sheng; Lalanne, Elaine] UMBC, Ctr Adv Studies Photon Res CASPR, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Johnson, Anthony M.] UMBC, CSEE Dept, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Liu, Sheng] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liu, Peter Q.; Bouzi, Pierre] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Wang, Xiaojun] AdTech Opt Inc, City Of Industry, CA 91748 USA. RP Cai, H (reprint author), UMBC, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM caihong1@umbc.edu FU NSF MRI ( Major Research Instrumentation) [ECS- 0619548]; MIRTHE ( NSF ERC) [ERC- 0540832] FX This work was partially supported by NSF MRI ( Major Research Instrumentation) Grant NSF ECS- 0619548 and MIRTHE ( NSF ERC) Grant NSF ERC- 0540832. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 556 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000277 ER PT S AU Liu, S Brener, I Mahony, TS Ginn, J Bender, DA Wright, JB Wendt, JR Ihlefeld, JF Clem, PG Sinclair, MB AF Liu, Sheng Brener, Igal Mahony, Thomas S. Ginn, James Bender, Daniel A. Wright, Jeremy B. Wendt, Joel R. Ihlefeld, Jon F. Clem, Paul G. Sinclair, Michael B. GP IEEE TI Direct observation of optical magnetism from a dielectric resonator metamaterial using time-domain spectroscopy in the mid-infrared SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui AB We use phase-locked time-domain spectroscopy in the mid-infrared to directly demonstrate the "infrared magnetic mirror" behavior of an all-dielectric metamaterial. This metamaterial surface consists of micron-sized cubes of tellurium fabricated on a dielectric substrate. C1 [Liu, Sheng; Brener, Igal; Mahony, Thomas S.; Ginn, James; Bender, Daniel A.; Wright, Jeremy B.; Wendt, Joel R.; Ihlefeld, Jon F.; Clem, Paul G.; Sinclair, Michael B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM snliu@sandia.gov RI Liu, Sheng/P-6029-2014 OI Liu, Sheng/0000-0003-0967-4514 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 784 EP 785 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000389 ER PT S AU Liu, Y Huang, CN Deibele, C AF Liu, Yun Huang, Chunning Deibele, Craig GP IEEE TI A Narrow Linewidth Picosecond Pulsed Laser System for Hydrogen Ion Beam Stripping SO 2012 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 23-27, 2012 CL Burlingame, CA SP IEEE, Kotura, Rockley Grp, Intel, Cisco, Oracle Labs, Corning, Google, Luxtera, Fiber Chip, Rambus, Analog Devices, PMC, Sinoora, Soitec, Photon Design, Nat Photon, Commun Technol Roadmap, Simgui C1 [Liu, Yun; Huang, Chunning; Deibele, Craig] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-0733-9 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2012 BP 933 EP 934 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDD75 UT WOS:000312865000460 ER PT J AU Wozniak, PR Kruszewski, A AF Wozniak, P. R. Kruszewski, A. TI On Estimating Non-Uniform Density Distributions Using N Nearest Neighbors SO ACTA ASTRONOMICA LA English DT Article DE Methods: statistical; Methods: numerical ID GALAXY ENVIRONMENT; CLUSTERS AB We consider density estimators based on the nearest neighbors method applied to discrete point distributions in spaces of arbitrary dimensionality. If the density is constant, the volume of a hypersphere centered at a random location is proportional to the expected number of points falling within the hypersphere radius. The distance to the N-th nearest neighbor alone is then a sufficient statistic for the density. In the non-uniform case the proportionality is distorted. We model this distortion by normalizing hypersphere volumes to the largest one and expressing the resulting distribution in terms of the Legendre polynomials. Using Monte Carlo simulations we show that this approach can be used to effectively address the trade-off between smoothing bias and estimator variance for sparsely sampled distributions. C1 [Wozniak, P. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kruszewski, A.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. RP Wozniak, PR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wozniak@lanl.gov; ak@astrouw.edu.pl FU LDRD program at LANL FX This work was supported by the LDRD program at LANL. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS FOUNDATION POLISH ASTRONOMY PI WARSAW PA AL UJAZDOWSKIE 4, 00-478 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0001-5237 J9 ACTA ASTRONOM JI Acta Astron. PY 2012 VL 62 IS 4 BP 409 EP 417 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 085LQ UT WOS:000314616700006 ER PT S AU Sokolov, V Auld, J Hope, M AF Sokolov, Vadim Auld, Joshua Hope, Michael BE Shakshuki, E Younas, M TI A flexible framework for developing integrated models of transportation systems using an agent-based approach SO ANT 2012 AND MOBIWIS 2012 SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies (ANT) / 9th International Conference on Mobile Web Information Systems (MobiWIS) CY AUG 27-29, 2012 CL Niagara Falls, CANADA DE integrated models; agent-based simulation; modeling framework ID EQUILIBRIUM AB Travel demand, traffic flow and land-use models are typically modeled in a decoupled way, i.e. each of the components is modeled separately assuming that parameters related to the other components are fixed. Moreover, the models are often developed by different groups for different contexts, requirements, etc. In this paper we present a prototype of a software framework which allows the user to develop an integrated simulation of a transportation system and also to link additional models to the new simulation in a standardized way. We use an agent-based approach as the basis of such a model. Integrated transportation system models allow model users to overcome the limitations of traditional aggregated, independent transportation models, particularly with respect to sensitivity to behavioral aspects of the travelers. Another requirement, which the software is to satisfy, is the interoperability of models developed in the new framework with legacy models. By interoperability we mean, that any component of the of the model can be interchanged by a legacy software and be used for the integrated simulation. This would allow disparate research groups working on modeling different aspects of a transportation model to plugnplay their models into the framework and test those as a part of an integrated model of an entire system, providing a benefit to researchers, modelers and institutional users of such models. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sokolov, Vadim; Auld, Joshua; Hope, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sokolov, V (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vsokolov@anl.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2012 VL 10 BP 854 EP 859 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2012.06.111 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BDQ15 UT WOS:000314400700105 ER PT B AU Zheng, PQ Hobbs, BF Koonce, JF AF Zheng, Pearl Q. Hobbs, Benjamin F. Koonce, Joseph F. BE Gardner, BD Simmons, RT TI The Economics of Dam Decommissioning for Ecosystem Restoration: Making Informed Decisions to Remove Aging US Dams SO AQUANOMICS: WATER MARKETS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LAKE-ERIE; RIVER RESTORATION; WALLEYE C1 [Hobbs, Benjamin F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hobbs, Benjamin F.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hobbs, Benjamin F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hobbs, Benjamin F.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Koonce, Joseph F.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Biol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Zheng, PQ (reprint author), ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU TRANSACTION PUBLISHERS PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA BN 978-1-4128-4698-1; 978-1-4128-4269-3 PY 2012 BP 247 EP 279 PG 33 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDJ22 UT WOS:000313532800010 ER PT J AU Wu, CQ Peng, ZG AF Wu, Chunquan Peng, Zhigang TI Long-term change of site response after the M-w 9.0 Tohoku earthquake in Japan SO EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE LA English DT Article DE Tohoku earthquake; earthquake ground motion; site effects; wave propagation; soil nonlinearity; KiK-Net ID STRONG GROUND MOTION; NONLINEAR SOIL RESPONSE; LOMA-PRIETA EARTHQUAKE; TEMPORAL-CHANGES; PACIFIC COAST; SEISMIC VELOCITY; FAULT; AFTERSHOCKS; PARKFIELD; FRICTION AB The recent M-w 9.0 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake is the largest recorded earthquake in Japan's history. The Tohoku main shock and its aftershocks generated widespread strong shakings as large as similar to 3000 Gal along the east coast of Japan. Wu and Peng (2011) found clear drop of resonant frequency of up to 70% during the Tohoku main shock at 6 sites and correlation of resonance (peak) frequency and peak ground acceleration (PGA) during the main shock. Here we follow that study and systematically analyze long-term changes of material properties in the shallow crust from one year before to 5 months after the Tohoku main shock, using seismic data recorded by the Japanese Strong Motion Network KiK-Net. We use sliding window spectral ratios computed from a pair of surface and borehole stations to track the temporal changes in the site response of 6 sites. Our results show two stages of logarithmic recovery after a sharp drop of resonance frequency during the Tohoku main shock. The first stage is a rapid recovery within several hundred seconds to several hours, and the second stage is a slow recovery of more than five months. We also investigate whether the damage caused by the Tohoku main shock could make the near surface layers more susceptible to further damages, but we do not observe clear changes in susceptibility to further damage before and after the Tohoku main shock. C1 [Wu, Chunquan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Peng, Zhigang] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Wu, CQ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cwu@lanl.gov RI Wu, Chunquan/B-8487-2012 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0909310]; Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC); NSF [EAR-0106924]; USGS [02HQAG0008] FX We thank National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) for providing the KiK-Net strong motion records of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake sequence. We thank Norm Sleep, an anonymous reviewer, and the editor Masanao Shinohara for their thorough review of the manuscript and useful comments. This work is partially supported by National Science Foundation (EAR-0909310) and Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC). SCEC is funded by NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR-0106924 and USGS Cooperative Agreement 02HQAG0008. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU TERRA SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PI TOKYO PA 2003 SANSEI JIYUGAOKA HAIMU, 5-27-19 OKUSAWA, SETAGAYA-KU, TOKYO, 158-0083, JAPAN SN 1343-8832 J9 EARTH PLANETS SPACE JI Earth Planets Space PY 2012 VL 64 IS 12 BP 1259 EP 1266 DI 10.5047/eps.2012.05.012 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 084IV UT WOS:000314533200021 ER PT J AU Miller, CL Liang, LY Gu, BH AF Miller, Carrie L. Liang, Liyuan Gu, Baohua TI Competitive ligand exchange reveals time dependant changes in the reactivity of Hg-dissolved organic matter complexes SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE complexation; kinetics; organic ligands; reactive mercury ID WASTE-WATER EFFLUENT; MERCURY COMPLEXATION; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; REDUCED SULFUR; NATURAL-WATERS; STRONG HG(II); OAK-RIDGE; METHYLMERCURY AB Mercury interactions with dissolved organic matter (DOM) are important in aquatic environments but the kinetics of Hg binding to and repartitioning within the DOM remain poorly understood. We examined changes in Hg-DOM complexes using glutathione (GSH) titrations, coupled with stannous-reducible Hg measurements during Hg equilibration with DOM. In laboratory prepared DOM solutions and in water from a Hg-contaminated creek, a fraction of the Hg present as Hg-DOM complexes did not react to GSH addition. This unreactive Hg fraction increased with time from 13% at 1 h to 74% after 48 h of equilibration with a Suwannee River DOM. In East Fork Poplar Creek water in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, similar to 58% of the DOM-complexed Hg was unreactive with GSH 1 h after the sample was collected. This time-dependent increase in unreactive Hg suggests that Hg forms stronger complexes with DOM over time. Alternatively the DOM-complexed Hg may become more sterically protected from the ligand exchange reactions, as the binding environment changes within the DOM over time. These results have important implications to understanding Hg transformations in the natural environment, particularly in contaminated aquatic systems due to non-equilibrium interactions between Hg and DOM. C1 [Miller, Carrie L.; Liang, Liyuan; Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Miller, CL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM millercl@ornl.gov RI Miller, Carrie/B-8943-2012; Liang, Liyuan/O-7213-2014; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012 OI Liang, Liyuan/0000-0003-1338-0324; Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956 FU Office of the Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy (DOE); US DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research is part of the Mercury Science Focus Area Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) supported by the Office of the Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy (DOE). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for US DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 44 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-2517 J9 ENVIRON CHEM JI Environ. Chem. PY 2012 VL 9 IS 6 BP 495 EP 501 DI 10.1071/EN12096 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 083JF UT WOS:000314458800001 ER PT J AU Michaelides, M Thanos, PK Volkow, ND Wang, GJ AF Michaelides, Michael Thanos, Panayotis K. Volkow, Nora D. Wang, Gene-Jack TI Translational Neuroimaging in Drug Addiction and Obesity SO ILAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE addiction; dopamine; functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); leptin; neuroimaging; obesity; positron emission tomography (PET); rodent model ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; BRAIN GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; COCAINE ADDICTION; IN-VIVO; FUNCTIONAL MRI; RAT-BRAIN; CORTICAL ACTIVATION; ANTERIOR CINGULATE; FOOD RESTRICTION; OPIATE ADDICTS AB The use of translational noninvasive neuroimaging has revealed that drug addiction and obesity share striking similarities in functional impairment in discrete brain regions and neurotransmitter circuits. Imaging experiments in both humans and rodents (using complementary experimental designs) show similar abnormalities in brain glucose metabolism in the prefrontal cortex (involved in inhibitory control) and hippocampus (memory) as well as impairments in dopamine signaling in the striatum (involved in food and drug reward, goal orientation, motivation, and habit formation). In both species, many of these observations have been obtained through concurrent and parallel monitoring of both brain activity and behavioral manifestations during drug administration, food sensory (visual, olfactory) stimulation, and craving. This review aims to show that noninvasive brain imaging strategies such as small animal positron emission tomography offer significant potential and promise for modeling motivational disorders such as drug addiction and obesity in humans. Rodent addiction models will prove valuable for understanding brain responses to drug cues and will help guide treatment, especially in relapse situations triggered by exposure to conditioned drug cues. C1 [Michaelides, Michael; Thanos, Panayotis K.; Wang, Gene-Jack] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Michaelides, Michael] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Pharmacol & Syst Therapeut Dept, New York, NY USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, 30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gjwang@bnl.gov RI Michaelides, Michael/K-4736-2013 OI Michaelides, Michael/0000-0003-0398-4917 FU National Institutes of Health National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [AA11034, AA07574, AA07611]; National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [DA006278]; NIDA Postdoctoral Training Program at Mount Sinai School of Medicine [DA007135] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA11034, AA07574, AA07611) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA; DA006278). The NIDA Postdoctoral Training Program at Mount Sinai School of Medicine also provided support (DA007135, Michaelides). NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1084-2020 J9 ILAR J JI ILAR J. PY 2012 VL 53 IS 1 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1093/ilar.53.1.59 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 084NP UT WOS:000314546600015 PM 23520600 ER PT S AU Lu, C Sambasivan, S Kapahi, A Udaykumar, HS AF Lu, C. Sambasivan, S. Kapahi, A. Udaykumar, H. S. BE Cazacu, O TI Multi-scale modeling of shock interaction with a cloud of particles using an artificial neural network for model representation SO IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON LINKING SCALES IN COMPUTATIONS: FROM MICROSTRUCTURE TO MACRO-SCALE PROPERTIES SE Procedia IUTAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IUTAM Symposium on Linking Scales in Computation - From Microstructure to Macroscopic Properties CY MAY 17-19, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Int Union Theoret & Appl Mech (IUTAM) DE Multimaterial Flows; Shock Waves; Multi-scale modeling; Artificial Neural Networks; Inter-scale coupling; Levelsets; Cartesian Grid; Sharp Interfaces ID GHOST FLUID METHOD; TRANSPORT PHENOMENA; NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; WAVE INTERACTION; UNSTEADY DRAG; EQUATION-FREE; POROUS-MEDIA; SIMULATION; CHANNEL; SPHERE AB The evolution of a solid-gas mixture under the influence of a shock wave depends on particle-particle and particle-shock interactions; i.e. the macroscopic distribution of particles is determined by physics at the particle (micro)-scale. This work seeks to simulate the macro-scale dynamics of gas-solid mixtures by employing information accumulated from direct numerical simulations (DNS) at the micro-(i.e., particle) scale. Data on the forces experienced by particles in a cloud are collected from DNS using a compressible Eulerian solver and provided to an artificial neural network (ANN); the simulations are performed for a range of control parameters, such as Mach number, particle radii, particle-fluid density ratio, position, and volume fraction. Beginning with a simple single stationary particle case and progressing to moving particle laden clouds, the ANN is trained to evolve and reproduce correlations between the control parameters and particle dynamics. The trained ANN is then used in computing the macro-scale flow behavior in a model of shocked dusty gas advection. The model predicts particle motion and other macro-scale phenomena in agreement with experimental observations. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of Dr. Oana Cazacu. C1 [Lu, C.; Kapahi, A.; Udaykumar, H. S.] Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Sambasivan, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Grp T 5, MS B284, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lu, C (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; USAF; Computational Mathematics Program [FA9550- 09- 1- 0146]; Computational Mechanics Branch FX This work was sponsored ( in part) by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, USAF, Computational Mathematics Program ( Program Manager: Dr. Fariba Fahroo) under grant/ contract number FA9550- 09- 1- 0146 and ( in part) by the Computational Mechanics Branch ( AFRL- RWPC, Eglin AFB, FL, Program Manager: Dr. Michael E. Nixon). NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-9838 J9 PROC IUTAM PY 2012 VL 3 BP 25 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.piutam.2012.03.003 PG 28 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BDQ54 UT WOS:000314463900003 ER PT S AU Lebensohn, RA Idiart, MI Castaneda, PP AF Lebensohn, Ricardo A. Idiart, Martin I. Ponte Castaneda, Pedro BE Cazacu, O TI Modeling microstructural effects in dilatational plasticity of polycrystalline materials SO IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON LINKING SCALES IN COMPUTATIONS: FROM MICROSTRUCTURE TO MACRO-SCALE PROPERTIES SE Procedia IUTAM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IUTAM Symposium on Linking Scales in Computation - From Microstructure to Macroscopic Properties CY MAY 17-19, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Int Union Theoret & Appl Mech (IUTAM) DE polycrystals; porous materials; dilatational plasticity; homogenization; microstructural effects ID EFFECTIVE MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LINEAR COMPARISON BOUNDS; NONLINEAR COMPOSITES; FIELD FLUCTUATIONS; VISCOPLASTIC POLYCRYSTALS; EFFECTIVE BEHAVIOR; YIELD CRITERIA; POROUS-MEDIA; APPROXIMATE MODELS; ANISOTROPIC PHASES AB In a recent paper [1] we presented a new constitutive model for the viscoplastic response of polycrystalline aggregates accounting for local anisotropy induced by crystal plasticity and dilatational effects associated with the presence of intergranular cavities. In this contribution we provide a summary of our findings, as well as previously unpublished details of the numerical algorithm underlying this novel formulation. The formulation is based on homogenization and captures microstructural effects on the dilatational plastic behavior of polycrystalline materials. These effects are relevant to many engineering problems in which the presence of cavities embedded in a heterogeneous and anisotropic polycrystalline matrix must be accounted for, and for which standard polycrystalline models of incompressible plasticity, or dilatational plasticity formulations for voided materials with uniform properties of the matrix, have been proven to be insufficient. The present approach makes use of variational linear-comparison homogenization methods to develop constitutive models simultaneously accounting for texture of the matrix, porosity and average pore shape and orientation. The predictions of the models are compared with full-field numerical simulations based on fast Fourier transforms to study the influence of different microstructural features (e.g. overall porosity, single-crystal anisotropy, etc.) and triaxiality on the dilatational viscoplastic behavior of voided fcc polycrystals. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of Dr. Oana Cazacu. C1 [Lebensohn, Ricardo A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Idiart, Martin I.] Univ Nacl Plata, Fac Ingn, Dept Aeronaut, RA-B1900TAG La Plata, Argentina. [Idiart, Martin I.] CCT La Plata, Consejo Nacl Investigac Cient ficas Tecn CONICET, RA-B1904CMC La Plata, Argentina. [Ponte Castaneda, Pedro] Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Mech Engn & Appl Mech, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ponte Castaneda, Pedro] IMDEA Mat Inst, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Lebensohn, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lebenso@lanl.gov RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008 OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105 FU DoD/ DOE Munitions Technology Program [LDRD-DR 2010026]; LANL [LDRD-DR 2010026, 84212-001-10] FX RAL work supported by Joint DoD/ DOE Munitions Technology Program and LANL LDRD-DR 2010026 Program. The work of MII and PPC was partially supported by LDRD-DR 2010026 through LANL subcontract number 84212-001-10. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-9838 J9 PROC IUTAM PY 2012 VL 3 BP 314 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.piutam.2012.03.020 PG 17 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BDQ54 UT WOS:000314463900020 ER PT J AU Lasorsa, BK Gill, GA Horvat, M AF Lasorsa, Brenda K. Gill, Gary A. Horvat, Milena BE Bank, MS TI Analytical Methods for Measuring Mercury in Water, Sediment, and Biota SO MERCURY IN THE ENVIRONMENT: PATTERN AND PROCESS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; ANODIC-STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; 2-STAGE GOLD AMALGAMATION; FRANCISCO BAY ESTUARY; HPLC-ICP-MS C1 [Lasorsa, Brenda K.; Gill, Gary A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA USA. [Horvat, Milena] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Lasorsa, BK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Sequim, WA USA. EM brenda.lasorsa@pnl.gov; gary.gill@pnl.gov; milena.horvat@ijs.si NR 185 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 8 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI BERKELEY PA 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA BN 978-0-520-95139-6 PY 2012 BP 27 EP 54 D2 10.1525/california/9780520271630.001.0001 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BDH48 UT WOS:000313265400005 ER PT J AU Anderson, I Munk, C Lapidus, A Nolan, M Lucas, S Tice, H Del Rio, TG Cheng, JF Han, C Tapia, R Goodwin, L Pitluck, S Liolios, K Mavromatis, K Pagani, I Mikhailova, N Pati, A Chen, A Palaniappan, K Land, M Rohde, M Tindall, BJ Goker, M Detter, JC Woyke, T Bristow, J Eisen, JA Markowitz, V Hugenholtz, P Kyrpides, NC Klenk, HP Ivanova, N AF Anderson, Iain Munk, Christine Lapidus, Alla Nolan, Matt Lucas, Susan Tice, Hope Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Cheng, Jan-Fang Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Goodwin, Lynne Pitluck, Sam Liolios, Konstantinos Mavromatis, Konstantinos Pagani, Ioanna Mikhailova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Chen, Amy Palaniappan, Krishna Land, Miriam Rohde, Manfred Tindall, Brian J. Goeker, Markus Detter, John C. Woyke, Tanja Bristow, James Eisen, Jonathan A. Markowitz, Victor Hugenholtz, Philip Kyrpides, Nikos C. Klenk, Hans-Peter Ivanova, Natalia TI Genome sequence of the flexirubin-pigmented soil bacterium Niabella soli type strain (JS13-8(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE aerobic; non-motile; Gram-negative; mesophilic; chemoorganotrophic; glycosyl hydrolases; soil; Chitinophagaceae; GEBA ID SP NOV.; GEN. NOV.; BACTEROIDES-THETAIOTAOMICRON; RNA GENES; DATABASE; ARCHAEA; CHITINOPHAGA; PREDICTION; ALGORITHM; GRAPHS AB Niabella soli Weon et al. 2008 is a member of the Chitinophagaceae, a family within the class Sphingobacteriia that is poorly characterized at the genome level, thus far. N. soli strain JS13-8(T) is of interest for its ability to produce a variety of glycosyl hydrolases. The genome of N. soli strain JS13-8(T) is only the second genome sequence of a type strain from the family Chitinophagaceae to be published, and the first one from the genus Niabella. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 4,697,343 bp long chromosome with its 3,931 protein-coding and 49 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Anderson, Iain; Munk, Christine; Lapidus, Alla; Nolan, Matt; Lucas, Susan; Tice, Hope; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne; Pitluck, Sam; Liolios, Konstantinos; Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Pagani, Ioanna; Mikhailova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Land, Miriam; Detter, John C.; Woyke, Tanja; Bristow, James; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Ivanova, Natalia] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Munk, Christine; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chen, Amy; Palaniappan, Krishna; Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Land, Miriam] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rohde, Manfred] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Tindall, Brian J.; Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. EM hpk@dsmz.de RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011 OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [INST 599/1-2] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Regine Fahnrich for growing N. soli cultures and Evelyne-Marie Brambilla for DNA extraction and quality control (both at DSMZ). This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, as well as German Research Foundation (DFG) INST 599/1-2. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.4056/sigs.3117229 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QC UT WOS:000314406200003 PM 23408178 ER PT J AU Spring, S Visser, M Lu, M Copeland, A Lapidus, A Lucas, S Cheng, JF Han, C Tapia, R Goodwin, LA Pitluck, S Ivanova, N Land, M Hauser, L Larimer, F Rohde, M Goker, M Detter, JC Kyrpides, NC Woyke, T Schaap, PJ Plugge, CM Muyzer, G Kuever, J Pereira, IAC Parshina, SN Bernier-Latmani, R Stams, AJM Klenk, HP AF Spring, Stefan Visser, Michael Lu, Megan Copeland, Alex Lapidus, Alla Lucas, Susan Cheng, Jan-Fang Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Goodwin, Lynne A. Pitluck, Sam Ivanova, Natalia Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Larimer, Frank Rohde, Manfred Goeker, Markus Detter, John C. Kyrpides, Nikos C. Woyke, Tanja Schaap, Peter J. Plugge, Caroline M. Muyzer, Gerard Kuever, Jan Pereira, Ines A. C. Parshina, Sofiya N. Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan Stams, Alfons J. M. Klenk, Hans-Peter TI Complete genome sequence of the sulfate-reducing firmicute Desulfotomaculum ruminis type strain (DLT) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE anaerobic; motile; sporulating; mesophilic; sulfate-reducer; hydrogen sulfide; incomplete oxidizer; mixotrophic; CSP 2009; Peptococcaceae; Clostridiales ID BACTERIAL NAMES; CLASSIFICATION; HYDROGENASES; DATABASE; ARCHAEA; SYSTEM; SITE; TOOL AB Desulfotomaculum ruminis Campbell and Postgate 1965 is a member of the large genus Desulfotomaculum which contains 30 species and is contained in the family Peptococcaceae. This species is of interest because it represents one of the few sulfate-reducing bacteria that have been isolated from the rumen. Here we describe the features of D. ruminis together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 3,969,014 bp long chromosome with a total of 3,901 protein-coding and 85 RNA genes is the second completed genome sequence of a type strain of the genus Desulfotomaculum to be published, and was sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute Community Sequencing Program 2009. C1 [Spring, Stefan; Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Visser, Michael; Plugge, Caroline M.; Stams, Alfons J. M.] Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Lu, Megan; Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; Lucas, Susan; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Pitluck, Sam; Ivanova, Natalia; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Larimer, Frank; Detter, John C.; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Lu, Megan; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Larimer, Frank] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rohde, Manfred] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Schaap, Peter J.] Wageningen Univ, Lab Syst & Synthet Biol, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Muyzer, Gerard] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Dept Aquat Microbiol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Kuever, Jan] Bremen Inst Mat Testing, Dept Microbiol, Bremen, Germany. [Pereira, Ines A. C.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. [Parshina, Sofiya N.] Russian Acad Sci, Wingradsky Inst Microbiol, Moscow, Russia. [Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Stams, AJM (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Stams, Alfons/C-8167-2014; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/E-4398-2011; Pereira, Ines/C-2748-2009; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Spring, Stefan/N-6933-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011 OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Stams, Alfons/0000-0001-7840-6500; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan/0000-0001-6547-722X; Muyzer, Gerard/0000-0002-2422-0732; Pereira, Ines/0000-0003-3283-4520; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Spring, Stefan/0000-0001-6247-0938; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Netherlands Science Foundation (NWO) [CW-TOP 700.55.343, ALW 819.02.014] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Maren Schroder for growing D. ruminis cultures and Susanne Schneider for DNA extraction (both at DSMZ). The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and was also supported by grants CW-TOP 700.55.343 and ALW 819.02.014 of the Netherlands Science Foundation (NWO). NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 23 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 2 BP 304 EP 319 DI 10.4056/sigs.3226659 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QC UT WOS:000314406200011 PM 23408247 ER PT J AU Anderson, I Chertkov, O Chen, A Saunders, E Lapidus, A Nolan, M Lucas, S Hammon, N Deshpande, S Cheng, JF Han, C Tapia, R Goodwin, LA Pitluck, S Liolios, K Pagani, I Ivanova, N Mikhailova, N Pati, A Palaniappan, K Land, M Pan, CL Rohde, M Pukall, R Goker, M Detter, JC Woyke, T Bristow, J Eisen, JA Markowitz, V Hugenholtz, P Kyrpides, NC Klenk, HP Mavromatis, K AF Anderson, Iain Chertkov, Olga Chen, Amy Saunders, Elizabeth Lapidus, Alla Nolan, Matt Lucas, Susan Hammon, Nancy Deshpande, Shweta Cheng, Jan-Fang Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Goodwin, Lynne A. Pitluck, Sam Liolios, Konstantinos Pagani, Ioanna Ivanova, Natalia Mikhailova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Palaniappan, Krishna Land, Miriam Pan, Chongle Rohde, Manfred Pukall, Ruediger Goeker, Markus Detter, John C. Woyke, Tanja Bristow, James Eisen, Jonathan A. Markowitz, Victor Hugenholtz, Philip Kyrpides, Nikos C. Klenk, Hans-Peter Mavromatis, Konstantinos TI Complete genome sequence of the moderately thermophilic mineral-sulfide-oxidizing firmicute Sulfobacillus acidophilus type strain (NAL(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE aerobic; motile; Gram-positive; acidophilic; moderately thermophilic; sulfide- and iron-oxidizing; biomining; autotrophic; mixotrophic; soil; insertis sedis; Clostridiales; GEBA ID BACTERIAL NAMES; ARCHAEA; TOOL; ALGORITHM; DATABASE; SYSTEM; GRAPHS; 16S AB Sulfobacillus acidophilus Norris et al. 1996 is a member of the genus Sulfobacillus which comprises five species of the order Clostridiales. Sulfobacillus species are of interest for comparison to other sulfur and iron oxidizers and also have biomining applications. This is the first completed genome sequence of a type strain of the genus Sulfobacillus, and the second published genome of a member of the species S. acidophilus. The genome, which consists of one chromosome and one plasmid with a total size of 3,557,831 bp harbors 3,626 protein-coding and 69 RNA genes, and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Anderson, Iain; Chertkov, Olga; Saunders, Elizabeth; Lapidus, Alla; Nolan, Matt; Lucas, Susan; Hammon, Nancy; Deshpande, Shweta; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Pitluck, Sam; Liolios, Konstantinos; Pagani, Ioanna; Ivanova, Natalia; Mikhailova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Land, Miriam; Pan, Chongle; Detter, John C.; Woyke, Tanja; Bristow, James; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Mavromatis, Konstantinos] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Chertkov, Olga; Saunders, Elizabeth; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chen, Amy; Palaniappan, Krishna; Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Land, Miriam; Pan, Chongle] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rohde, Manfred] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Pukall, Ruediger; Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. EM hpk@dsmz.de RI Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [INST 599/1-2] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Gabriele Gehrich-Schroter for growing S. acidophilus cultures and Susanne Schneider for DNA extraction (both at DSMZ). This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, as well as German Research Foundation (DFG) INST 599/1-2. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 10 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 BP 293 EP 303 DI 10.4056/sigs.2736042 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082PW UT WOS:000314405400001 ER PT J AU Jiang, K Sanseverino, J Chauhan, A Lucas, S Copeland, A Lapidus, A Del Rio, TG Dalin, E Tice, H Bruce, D Goodwin, L Pitluck, S Sims, D Brettin, T Detter, JC Han, C Chang, YJ Larimer, F Land, M Hauser, L Kyrpides, NC Mikhailova, N Moser, S Jegier, P Close, D DeBruyn, JM Wang, Y Layton, AC Allen, MS Sayler, GS AF Jiang, Ke Sanseverino, John Chauhan, Archana Lucas, Susan Copeland, Alex Lapidus, Alla Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Dalin, Eileen Tice, Hope Bruce, David Goodwin, Lynne Pitluck, Sam Sims, David Brettin, Thomas Detter, John C. Han, Cliff Chang, Y. J. Larimer, Frank Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Kyrpides, Nikos C. Mikhailova, Natalia Moser, Scott Jegier, Patricia Close, Dan DeBruyn, Jennifer M. Wang, Ying Layton, Alice C. Allen, Michael S. Sayler, Gary S. TI Complete genome sequence of Thauera aminoaromatica strain MZ1T SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Thauera aminoaromatica; MZ1T; genome ID DENITRIFYING BACTERIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BETA-SUBCLASS; RNA GENES; SP-NOV; PROTEOBACTERIA; IDENTIFICATION; DEGRADATION; DEFINITION; AROMATICA AB Thauera aminoaromatica strain MZ1T, an isolate belonging to genus Thauera, of the family Rhodocyclaceae and the class the Betaproteobacteria, has been characterized for its ability to produce abundant exopolysaccharide and degrade various aromatic compounds with nitrate as an electron acceptor. These properties, if fully understood at the genome-sequence level, can aid in environmental processing of organic matter in anaerobic cycles by short-circuiting a central anaerobic metabolite, acetate, from microbiological conversion to methane, a critical greenhouse gas. Strain MZ1T is the first strain from the genus Thauera with a completely sequenced genome. The 4,496,212 bp chromosome and 78,374 bp plasmid contain 4,071 protein-coding and 71 RNA genes, and were sequenced as part of the DOE Community Sequencing Program CSP_776774. C1 [Jiang, Ke; Sanseverino, John; Chauhan, Archana; Moser, Scott; Jegier, Patricia; Close, Dan; Wang, Ying; Layton, Alice C.; Sayler, Gary S.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. [Lucas, Susan; Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Pitluck, Sam; Brettin, Thomas; Detter, John C.; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Mikhailova, Natalia] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Sims, David; Han, Cliff] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chang, Y. J.; Larimer, Frank; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [DeBruyn, Jennifer M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Allen, Michael S.] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. RP Sayler, GS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM sayler@utk.edu RI DeBruyn, Jennifer/A-8813-2010; Close, Dan/A-4417-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI DeBruyn, Jennifer/0000-0002-2993-4144; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Sanseverino, John/0000-0002-2693-9521 FU Center for Environmental Biotechnology; University of Tennessee Waste Management Research and Education Institute; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Life Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Center for Environmental Biotechnology and the University of Tennessee Waste Management Research and Education Institute and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Life Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We would like to thank the Community Sequencing Program and the Joint Genome Institute for sequencing and annotation of the MZ1T genome. We would like to thank Dr. Georg Fuchs at University of Freiburg for generously providing strain S2 and B4P. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 16 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 BP 325 EP 335 DI 10.4056/sigs.2696029 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082PW UT WOS:000314405400004 PM 23407619 ER PT J AU Mead, DA Lucas, S Copeland, A Lapidus, A Cheng, JF Bruce, DC Goodwin, LA Pitluck, S Chertkov, O Zhang, XJ Detter, JC Han, CS Tapia, R Land, M Hauser, LJ Chang, YJ Kyrpides, NC Ivanova, NN Ovchinnikova, G Woyke, T Brumm, C Hochstein, R Schoenfeld, T Brumm, P AF Mead, David A. Lucas, Susan Copeland, Alex Lapidus, Alla Cheng, Jan-Feng Bruce, David C. Goodwin, Lynne A. Pitluck, Sam Chertkov, Olga Zhang, Xiaojing Detter, John C. Han, Cliff S. Tapia, Roxanne Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren J. Chang, Yun-juan Kyrpides, Nikos C. Ivanova, Natalia N. Ovchinnikova, Galina Woyke, Tanja Brumm, Catherine Hochstein, Rebecca Schoenfeld, Thomas Brumm, Phillip TI Complete Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus strain Y4.12MC10, a Novel Paenibacillus lautus strain Isolated from Obsidian Hot Spring in Yellowstone National Park SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Geobacillus sp Y412MC10; Paenibacillus sp Y412MC10; Obsidian Hot Spring ID GENUS PAENIBACILLUS; THERMUS-AQUATICUS; SP NOV.; EXTREME THERMOPHILE; RNA GENES; SP. NOV.; BACTERIA; PROPOSAL; IDENTIFICATION; RHIZOSPHERE AB Paenibacillus sp. Y412MC10 was one of a number of organisms isolated from Obsidian Hot Spring, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA under permit from the National Park Service. The isolate was initially classified as a Geobacillus sp. Y412MC10 based on its isolation conditions and similarity to other organisms isolated from hot springs at Yellowstone National Park. Comparison of 16 S rRNA sequences within the Bacillales indicated that Geobacillus sp. Y412MC10 clustered with Paenibacillus species, and the organism was most closely related to Paenibacillus lautus. Lucigen Corp. prepared genomic DNA and the genome was sequenced, assembled, and annotated by the DOE Joint Genome Institute. The genome sequence was deposited at the NCBI in October 2009 (NC_013406). The genome of Paenibacillus sp. Y412MC10 consists of one circular chromosome of 7,121,665 bp with an average G+C content of 51.2%. Comparison to other Paenibacillus species shows the organism lacks nitrogen fixation, antibiotic production and social interaction genes reported in other paenibacilli. The Y412MC10 genome shows a high level of synteny and homology to the draft sequence of Paenibacillus sp. HGF5, an organism from the Human Microbiome Project (HMP) Reference Genomes. This, combined with genomic CAZyme analysis, suggests an intestinal, rather than environmental origin for Y412MC10. C1 [Mead, David A.; Hochstein, Rebecca; Schoenfeld, Thomas] Lucigen Corp, Middleton, WI USA. [Mead, David A.; Pitluck, Sam; Brumm, Phillip] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Lucas, Susan; Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; Cheng, Jan-Feng; Bruce, David C.; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Chertkov, Olga; Zhang, Xiaojing; Detter, John C.; Han, Cliff S.; Tapia, Roxanne; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren J.; Chang, Yun-juan; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Ovchinnikova, Galina; Woyke, Tanja; Brumm, Catherine] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Bruce, David C.; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Zhang, Xiaojing; Detter, John C.; Han, Cliff S.; Tapia, Roxanne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Brumm, P (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53715 USA. EM pbrumm@c56technologies.com RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program,; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396. This work was funded in part by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 56 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 28 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 BP 366 EP 385 DI 10.4056/sigs.2605792 PG 20 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082PW UT WOS:000314405400008 PM 23408395 ER PT J AU Mabee, P Deans, A Huala, E Lewis, SE AF Mabee, Paula Deans, Andrew Huala, Eva Lewis, Suzanna E. TI Phenotype Ontology Research Coordination Network meeting report: creating a community network for comparing and leveraging phenotype-genotype knowledge across species SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Representing phenotype in a way that can be linked to thousands of molecular genetic and environmental databases is an unresolved research challenge. A recent meeting of the Phenotype Research Coordination Network (RCN) aimed to coordinate and leverage current efforts. The three day summit meeting was hosted by NESCent (The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center) in Durham, North Carolina on the 23rd - 25th of February, 2012. C1 [Deans, Andrew] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Huala, Eva] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Mabee, Paula] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Lewis, Suzanna E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mabee, P (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. OI Mabee, Paula/0000-0002-8455-3213; Huala, Eva/0000-0003-4631-7241; Deans, Andrew/0000-0002-2119-4663; Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X FU funding agency, U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0956049] FX We are grateful to our funding agency, U.S. National Science Foundation, award number DEB-0956049, as a part of their program to advance research through support for communication and coordination efforts. We also wish to thank our hosts for this meeting, the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent), for providing such a superb venue and support staff. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 BP 440 EP 443 DI 10.4056/sigs.2926219 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082PW UT WOS:000314405400013 PM 23409218 ER PT J AU Liolios, K Schriml, L Hirschman, L Pagani, I Nosrat, B Sterk, P White, O Rocca-Serra, P Sansone, SA Taylor, C Kyrpides, NC Field, D AF Liolios, Konstantinos Schriml, Lynn Hirschman, Lynette Pagani, Ioanna Nosrat, Bahador Sterk, Peter White, Owen Rocca-Serra, Philippe Sansone, Susanna-Assunta Taylor, Chris Kyrpides, Nikos C. Field, Dawn TI The Metadata Coverage Index (MCI): A standardized metric for quantifying database metadata richness SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID METAGENOMIC PROJECTS; MINIMUM INFORMATION; GENOMES; GOLD AB Variability in the extent of the descriptions of data ('metadata') held in public repositories forces users to assess the quality of records individually, which rapidly becomes impractical. The scoring of records on the richness of their description provides a simple, objective proxy measure for quality that enables filtering that supports downstream analysis. Pivotally, such descriptions should spur on improvements. Here, we introduce such a measure - the 'Metadata Coverage Index' (MCI): the percentage of available fields actually filled in a record or description. MCI scores can be calculated across a database, for individual records or for their component parts (e.g., fields of interest). There are many potential uses for this simple metric: for example; to filter, rank or search for records; to assess the metadata availability of an ad hoc collection; to determine the frequency with which fields in a particular record type are filled, especially with respect to standards compliance; to assess the utility of specific tools and resources, and of data capture practice more generally; to prioritize records for further curation; to serve as performance metrics of funded projects; or to quantify the value added by curation. Here we demonstrate the utility of MCI scores using metadata from the Genomes Online Database (GOLD), including records compliant with the 'Minimum Information about a Genome Sequence' (MIGS) standard developed by the Genomic Standards Consortium. We discuss challenges and address the further application of MCI scores; to show improvements in annotation quality over time, to inform the work of standards bodies and repository providers on the usability and popularity of their products, and to assess and credit the work of curators. Such an index provides a step towards putting metadata capture practices and in the future, standards compliance, into a quantitative and objective framework. C1 [Liolios, Konstantinos; Pagani, Ioanna; Nosrat, Bahador; Kyrpides, Nikos C.] Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Microbial Genom & Metagen Super Program, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Schriml, Lynn; White, Owen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Sterk, Peter] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England. [Rocca-Serra, Philippe; Sansone, Susanna-Assunta; Field, Dawn] Univ Oxford, Oxford E Res Ctr, Oxford, England. [Taylor, Chris] EBI, European Mol Biol Lab EMBL Outstn, Cambridge, England. [Field, Dawn] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford, Oxon, England. RP Kyrpides, NC (reprint author), Dept Energy Joint Genome Inst, Microbial Genom & Metagen Super Program, Walnut Creek, CA USA. EM nckyrpides@lbl.gov; fiedawn@googlemail.com RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Sansone, Susanna-Assunta/0000-0001-5306-5690; Sterk, Peter/0000-0003-1668-7778; Schriml, Lynn/0000-0001-8910-9851 FU NERC [NE/D01252X/1]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US National Institutes of Health Data Analysis and Coordination Center [U01-HG004866]; Ioanna Bozionelou FX We would like to thank Kristin Tennessen (JGI) for help with the figures. This work was funded by NERC grant NE/D01252X/1 to DF. KL, IP, BN, and NCK were supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and together with OW by the US National Institutes of Health Data Analysis and Coordination Center contract U01-HG004866. The support of Ioanna Bozionelou is especially acknowledged. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 6 IS 3 BP 444 EP 453 DI 10.4056/sigs.2675953 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082PW UT WOS:000314405400014 ER PT S AU Aqili, A Ali, Z Hussain, Z AF Aqili, Akram Ali, Zulfiqar Hussain, Zahid BE Eldada, LA TI Optical and structural properties of silver doped ZnSe thin films prepared by CSS and ion exchange process SO THIN FILM SOLAR TECHNOLOGY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thin Film Solar Technology IV Held at the SPIE Solar Energy + Technology Symposium CY AUG 12-13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Thin films; ZnSe; Ag; transmittance; XRD; EDX ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; 2-SOURCE EVAPORATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; AG; TEMPERATURE; ZNTE AB ZnSe thin films were prepared by, simple low cost, closed space sublimation method (CSS). The silver doping was achieved by ion exchange process, i.e. immersing the films in low concentrated silver nitrate solution for different time periods and flowed by heated treatment in vacuum. The effect of silver concentration on the optical properties, such as refractive index, absorption coefficient and optical band gap, have been calculated from the normal transmission spectra in UV, Visible and NIR region. The structure of the films was studied by X-ray diffraction. The EDS attached to SEM was used to determine the composition of the films. The electrical resistivity, at room temperature, was also measured and it was reduced considerably as silver concentration increased. C1 [Aqili, Akram] Hashemite Univ, Dept Phys, Zarqa, Jordan. [Ali, Zulfiqar; Hussain, Zahid] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ali, Zulfiqar] Opt lab, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. RP Aqili, A (reprint author), Hashemite Univ, Dept Phys, Zarqa, Jordan. EM Zulfiqar1965@yahoo.com NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9187-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8470 DI 10.1117/12.945963 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BDQ60 UT WOS:000314467300010 ER PT S AU Bebek, CJ Coles, RA Denes, P Dion, F Emes, JH Frost, R Groom, DE Groulx, R Haque, S Holland, SE Karcher, A Kolbe, WF Lee, JS Palaio, NP Roe, NA Tran, CH Wang, G AF Bebek, C. J. Coles, R. A. Denes, P. Dion, F. Emes, J. H. Frost, R. Groom, D. E. Groulx, R. Haque, S. Holland, S. E. Karcher, A. Kolbe, W. F. Lee, J. S. Palaio, N. P. Roe, N. A. Tran, C. H. Wang, G. BE Holland, AD Beletic, JW TI CCD Research and Development at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Charge-coupled device; fully depleted; back illuminated; high-resistivity silicon; floating-gate amplifiers; buried-contact technology; DECam ID CHARGE-COUPLED-DEVICES; HIGH-RESISTIVITY SILICON; BACK; FABRICATION AB We describe work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to develop enhanced performance, fully depleted, back-illuminated charge-coupled devices for astronomy and astrophysics. The CCDs are fabricated on high-resistivity substrates and are typically 200-300 mu m thick for improved near-infrared response. The primary research and development areas include methods to reduce read noise, increase quantum efficiency and readout speed, and the development of fabrication methods for the efficient production of CCDs for large focal planes. In terms of noise reduction, we will describe technology developments with our industrial partner Teledyne DALSA Semiconductor to develop a buried-contact technology for reduced floating-diffusion capacitance, as well as efforts to develop "skipper" CCDs with sub-electron noise utilizing non-destructive readout amplifiers allowing for multiple sampling of the charge packets. Improvements in quantum efficiency in the near-infrared utilizing ultra-high resistivity substrates that allow full depletion of 500 mu m and thicker substrates will be described, as well as studies to improve the blue and UV sensitivity by investigating the limits on the thickness of the back-side ohmic contact layer used in the LBNL technology. Improvements in readout speed by increasing the number of readout ports will be described, including work on high frame-rate CCDs for x-ray synchrotrons with as many as 192 amplifiers per CCD. Finally, we will describe improvements in fabrication methods, developed in the course of producing over 100 science-grade 2k x 4k CCDs for the Dark Energy Survey Camera. C1 [Bebek, C. J.; Denes, P.; Emes, J. H.; Groom, D. E.; Haque, S.; Holland, S. E.; Karcher, A.; Kolbe, W. F.; Lee, J. S.; Palaio, N. P.; Roe, N. A.; Tran, C. H.; Wang, G.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dion, F.; Frost, R.; Groulx, R.] Teledyne DALSA Semicond, Bromont, PQ J2L IS7, Canada. [Coles, R. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Holland, SE (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM seholland@lbl.gov RI Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013 FU Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9154-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8453 AR 845305 DI 10.1117/12.926606 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDL74 UT WOS:000313678800004 ER PT S AU Estrada, J Cancelo, G Diehl, T Fernandez-Moroni, G AF Estrada, Juan Cancelo, Gustavo Diehl, Tom Fernandez-Moroni, Guillermo BE Holland, AD Beletic, JW TI Beating the 1/f noise limit on Charge Coupled Devices SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE CCD; noise; digitial filtering AB Scientific CCD detectors are typically readout using the Correlated Double Sampling (CDS) technique. At low pixel rates, noise of similar to 2e- RMS is typically achieved. The limitation for reaching lower noise comes from the 1/f component on the output of the CCD, and this noise cannot be eliminated using CDS. A new readout technique based on a digital filter is presented here for suppressing the 1/f. Using this new technique a noise of 0.4e- is achieved. C1 [Estrada, Juan; Cancelo, Gustavo; Diehl, Tom; Fernandez-Moroni, Guillermo] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Estrada, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM estrada@fnal.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9154-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8453 AR 84531E DI 10.1117/12.925983 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDL74 UT WOS:000313678800040 ER PT S AU Kotov, IV Kotov, AI Frank, J Kubanek, P O'Connor, P Radeka, V Takacs, P AF Kotov, I. V. Kotov, A. I. Frank, J. Kubanek, P. O'Connor, P. Radeka, V. Takacs, P. BE Holland, AD Beletic, JW TI Charge Diffusion Measurement in Fully Depleted CCD using Fe-55 X-rays SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE CCD; charge diffusion; CCD X-ray detectors ID DRIFT DETECTORS; DYNAMICS AB Tight requirements on the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope point spread function (PSF) demand sensor contribution to PSF be both small and well characterized. The sensor PSF is determined by the lateral charge diffusion on the drift path from the photon conversion point to the gates. The maximum drift path occurs for photons converted at the window, for blue optical photons in particular. Charges generated at the window surface undergo "worst case" charge spreading and the blue optical PSF is used to characterize the sensor's PSF. Different techniques for charge diffusion characterization have been developed, each with its own systematics and measurement difficulties. A new way to measure charge diffusion using an X-ray source is presented. We demonstrate the effectiveness and limitations of our technique and discuss relation of charge diffusion value obtained with X-ray measurements to sensor PSF. C1 [Kotov, I. V.; Kotov, A. I.; Frank, J.; O'Connor, P.; Radeka, V.; Takacs, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Frank, J.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Kotov, IV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kotov@bnl.gov RI Kubanek, Petr/G-7209-2014 FU National Science Foundation through Governing Cooperative Agreement [0809409]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy ( AURA); Department of Energy [DE- AC02- 76- SFO0515]; LSSTC FX Authors acknowledge e2v technologies help in sensor prototype development. This manuscript has been co- authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. LSST project activities are supported in part by the National Science Foundation through Governing Cooperative Agreement 0809409 managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy ( AURA), and the Department of Energy under contract DE- AC02- 76- SFO0515 with the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Additional LSST funding comes from private donations, grants to universities, and in- kind support from LSSTC Institutional Members. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9154-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8453 AR 84531B DI 10.1117/12.921327 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDL74 UT WOS:000313678800037 ER PT S AU O'Connor, P Fried, J Kotov, I AF O'Connor, P. Fried, J. Kotov, I. BE Holland, AD Beletic, JW TI An Advanced CCD Emulator with 32MB Image Memory SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE CCD; emulator; LSST AB As part of the LSST sensor development program we have developed an advanced CCD emulator for testing new multichannel readout electronics. The emulator, based on an Altera Stratix II FPGA for timing and control, produces 4 channels of simulated video waveforms in response to an appropriate sequence of horizontal and vertical clocks. It features 40MHz, 16-bit DACs for reset and video generation, 32MB of image memory for storage of arbitrary grayscale bitmaps, and provision to simulate reset and clock feedthrough ("glitches") on the video channels. Clock inputs are qualified for proper sequences and levels before video output is generated. Binning, region of interest, and reverse clock sequences are correctly recognized and appropriate video output will be produced. Clock transitions are timestamped and can be played back to a control PC. A simplified user interface is provided via a daughter card having an ARM M3 Cortex microprocessor and miniature color LCD display and joystick. The user can select video modes from stored bitmap images, or flat, gradient, bar, chirp, or checkerboard test patterns; set clock thresholds and video output levels; and set row/column formats for image outputs. Multiple emulators can be operated in parallel to simulate complex CCDs or CCD arrays. C1 [O'Connor, P.; Fried, J.; Kotov, I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP O'Connor, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9154-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8453 AR 845324 DI 10.1117/12.926996 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDL74 UT WOS:000313678800061 ER PT S AU O'Connor, P Kotov, I Takacs, PZ Frank, JS Plate, S Van Berg, R Newcomer, M Antilogus, P Lebbolo, H Tocut, V Juramy, C Doherty, P Felt, N AF O'Connor, P. Kotov, I. Takacs, P. Z. Frank, J. S. Plate, S. Van Berg, R. Newcomer, M. Antilogus, P. Lebbolo, H. Tocut, V. Juramy, C. Doherty, P. Felt, N. BE Holland, AD Beletic, JW TI Development of the LSST raft tower modules SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE CCD; LSST AB The science focal plane of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope is made up of 21 modules designated "raft towers". Each raft tower module (RTM) is an autonomous, fully-testable and serviceable 144 Mpixel imager consisting of nine highly-segmented CCDs with complete readout electronics chain. To minimize noise and obscuration the RTM is housed in a compact enclosure fully contained within the camera cryostat. The RTM is required to meet strict performance goals for image plane flatness, readout speed, noise, and power dissipation. Key components include the 4K x 4K fully-depleted CCDs with 16 outputs each, ceramic CCD support structure, and ASIC electronics for video processing and clock/bias generation. In addition to CCD signal handling, the RTM electronics also includes monitoring for temperature, voltage, and current, makeup heater control, ASIC configuration and readback, powerdown modes, and specialized diagnostic outputs. Digitized data are transmitted out of the camera cryostat over a single 3Gb/s serial link. We describe the conceptual design of the CCD array, front and back end electronics, and mechanics, then discuss test system integration and present initial measurements of flatness metrology, optical, electronic, and thermal performance. C1 [O'Connor, P.; Kotov, I.; Takacs, P. Z.; Frank, J. S.; Plate, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Van Berg, R.; Newcomer, M.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Antilogus, P.; Lebbolo, H.; Juramy, C.] LPNHE, Paris, France. [Tocut, V.] LAL, Orsay, France. [Doherty, P.; Felt, N.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP O'Connor, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU National Science Foundation through Governing Cooperative Agreement [0809409]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA); Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76-SFO0515, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; private donations, grants to universities; LSSTC Institutional Members; employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC FX LSST project activities are supported in part by the National Science Foundation through Governing Cooperative Agreement 0809409 managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), and the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76-SFO0515 with the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Additional LSST funding comes from private donations, grants to universities, and in-kind support from LSSTC Institutional Members.This manuscript has been co-authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. Portions of this work are supported by the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven National Laboratory. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9154-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8453 AR 84530L DI 10.1117/12.926645 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDL74 UT WOS:000313678800015 ER PT S AU Shaw, T Ballester, O Cardiel-Sas, L Castilla, J Chappa, S de Vicente, J Holm, S Huffman, D Kozlovsky, M Martinez, G Moore, T Olsen, J Simaitis, V Stuermer, W AF Shaw, Theresa Ballester, Otger Cardiel-Sas, Laia Castilla, Javier Chappa, Steve de Vicente, Juan Holm, Scott Huffman, Dave Kozlovsky, Mark Martinez, Gustavo Moore, Todd Olsen, Jamieson Simaitis, Vaidas Stuermer, Walter BE Holland, AD Beletic, JW TI The Dark Energy Camera Readout System SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Dark Energy; Blanco; readout; electronics; DECam AB The Dark Energy Camera (DECam) was developed for use by the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The camera will be installed in the Blanco 4M telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) and be ready for observations in the second half of 2012. The focal plane consists of 62 2x4K and 12 2x2K fully depleted CCDs. The camera provides a 3 sq. degree view and the survey will cover a 5000 sq. degree area. The camera cage and corrector have already been installed. The development of the electronics to readout the focal plane was a collaborative effort by multiple institutions in the United States and in Spain. The goal of the electronics is to provide readout at 250 kpixels/second with less than 15e(-) rms noise. Integration of these efforts and initial testing took place at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. DECam currently resides at CTIO and further testing has occurred in the Coude room of the Blanco. In this paper, we describe the development of the readout system, test results and the lessons learned. C1 [Shaw, Theresa; Chappa, Steve; Holm, Scott; Huffman, Dave; Kozlovsky, Mark; Olsen, Jamieson; Stuermer, Walter] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Ballester, Otger; Cardiel-Sas, Laia] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, IFAE, Edifici Cn, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Castilla, Javier; de Vicente, Juan; Martinez, Gustavo] CIEMAT, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Moore, Todd; Simaitis, Vaidas] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Shaw, T (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM Tshaw@fnal.gov RI Martinez Botella, Gustavo/K-8834-2014; De Vicente, Juan/H-3242-2015 OI Martinez Botella, Gustavo/0000-0002-1061-8520; De Vicente, Juan/0000-0001-8318-6813 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia; German Research Foundation-sponsored cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" FX Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, the German Research Foundation-sponsored cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9154-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8453 AR 84532Q DI 10.1117/12.926284 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BDL74 UT WOS:000313678800077 ER PT J AU Serra, S Toutant, A Bataille, F Zhou, Y AF Serra, Sylvain Toutant, Adrien Bataille, Francoise Zhou, Ye TI High-temperature gradient effect on a turbulent channel flow using thermal large-eddy simulation in physical and spectral spaces SO JOURNAL OF TURBULENCE LA English DT Article DE thermal large-eddy simulations; plane channel; nonisothermal turbulent flow; low-Mach-number equations; turbulent fluctuation spectra ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HEAT-TRANSFER; SCALAR TRANSPORT; NUMBER; DIFFUSIVITY; COMBUSTION; VISCOSITY; REYNOLDS; MODEL AB This paper studied nonisothermal plane channel flows using themethod of thermal large-eddy simulations (TLES). Several temperature ratios (T-R = T-H/T-C) were investigated, where T-C and T-H are the temperatures of the cold and hot sides, respectively. Each T-R case is further considered for two wall Reynolds numbers (Re-tau m), 180 and 395, where the wall Reynolds number was defined as the average of the local wall Reynolds number values obtained for the cold and hot sides, Re-tau C and Re-tau H. For a given wall Reynolds number Re-tau m, it was demonstrated that the increased temperature ratio directly led to an enhanced disparity between the local wall Reynolds numbers of the cold and hot sides. Essentially, the wall Reynolds number for the cold side (Re-tau C) is increased, but its companion value for the hot side (Re-tau H) is decreased. In the case of large temperature ratio, the asymmetry of the mean velocity and temperature profiles is also increased. The major findings are that for high-temperature ratios, the flow on the hot side could relaminarize, as indicated by the parabolicity of the axial flow profile on the hot side; however, this process can be overcome if the flow has a greater turbulent intensity, as illustrated for the higher-Reynolds-number case studied in the paper. Finally, the impact of the temperature gradient on the turbulent fluctuations is investigated by controlling the influence of the Reynolds number. Four nonisothermal energy spectra on the cold and the hot side are compared and contrasted with eight isothermal flows. Here, the isothermal flows were chosen so that their Reynolds numbers have the same values as those Re-tau C and Re-tau H previously evaluated from the nonisothermal flows. The isothermal spectra reproduced the classical Kolmogorov spectra when the Reynolds numbers were sufficiently high. As a result, any observed deviation of the spectra index of the nonisothermal spectra from that of the isothermal one is a direct consequence of the temperature gradient. C1 [Serra, Sylvain; Toutant, Adrien; Bataille, Francoise] PROMES CNRS, UPR Rambla Thermodynam 8521, Perpignan, France. [Zhou, Ye] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Bataille, F (reprint author), PROMES CNRS, UPR Rambla Thermodynam 8521, Perpignan, France. EM francoise.daumas-bataille@univ-perp.fr FU University of Perpignan FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the CINES (France), for providing computer resources to carry out simulations. The authors are also thankful to the CEA (France Atomic Agency), for their support with Trio U code. The last author (Y.Z.) is extremely grateful to University of Perpignan, which provided support for his visit during which some of his work was carried out. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1468-5248 J9 J TURBUL JI J. Turbul. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 49 BP 1 EP 25 DI 10.1080/14685248.2012.728000 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 082OU UT WOS:000314402400001 ER PT S AU Cooper, VR Ihm, Y Morris, JR AF Cooper, Valentino R. Ihm, Yungok Morris, James R. BE Landau, DP Schuttler, HB Lewis, S Bachmann, M TI Hydrogen adsorption at the graphene surface: A vdW-DF perspective SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH WORKSHOP ON COMPUTER SIMULATION STUDIES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Workshop on Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics CY FEB 20-24, 2012 CL Athens, GA DE graphene; vdW-DF ID INTERPLANAR BINDING; NANOPOROUS CARBONS; PORE-SIZE; STORAGE; GRAPHITE; SIMULATION AB We use the recently developed van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF) along with the C09x exchange functional to explore the interactions of molecular hydrogen with a single sheet of graphene. Our calculations demonstrate the importance of the inclusion of dispersion interactions for evaluating the adsorption capacity of graphitic, sparsely packed materials. In particular we show that, although the commonly used local density approximation (LDA) exchane-correlation functional gives reasonable H-2-graphene separation distances, these interactions are in fact too strong and decrease too rapidly as the H-2-graphene seperation distances increases. On the other hand, calculations employing the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for exchange and correlation exhibit very little binding. The vdW-DFC09x functional, however, gives binding very similar to bechmark second-order Moller-Plesset (MP2) theory results for the H-2-coronesne interaction and has an appropriate long range interaction with the graphene shett. This shortcoming of the LDA and GGA functionals is shown to have significant consequences on the overall adsorption densities of H-2 near the graphene, thus emphasizing the fundamental importance of properly characterizing the interactions of adsorbed molecules in porous media. C1 [Cooper, Valentino R.; Morris, James R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ihm, Yungok; Morris, James R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Cooper, VR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Cooper, Valentino /A-2070-2012; Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Cooper, Valentino /0000-0001-6714-4410; Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CHI1231] FX This work was supported by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. This research used resouces of the National Energy Reserach Scientific Computing Center, Supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC02-05CHI1231. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 34 BP 34 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.05.005 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Mathematics; Physics GA BDO20 UT WOS:000314152800005 ER PT S AU Kato, Y AF Kato, Yasuyuki BE Landau, DP Schuttler, HB Lewis, S Bachmann, M TI Quantum Monte-Carlo study of magnetic ordering in ZnV2O4 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH WORKSHOP ON COMPUTER SIMULATION STUDIES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Workshop on Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics CY FEB 20-24, 2012 CL Athens, GA DE Quantum Monte-Carlo; Vanadium spinels; Magnetization; Three-band Hubbard model ID SPINEL AB We study the magnetic ordering of Vanadium spinels by Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of a three-band Hubbard model. Vanadium spinels, AV(2)O(4), exhibit a unique "up-up-down-down" spin ordering at low temperatures. While this magnetic ordering was originally measured in 1973, its origin has remained unclear for many years due to the lack of unbiased approaches for solving the relevant model. A three-band Hubbard model on the spinel lattice (corner sharing tetrahedra) is a minimal Hamiltonian for describing the t(2g) electrons of the V2+ ions. One of the main difficulties is that this family of compounds belongs to the elusive intermediate-coupling regime (U greater than or similar to t) for which there is no small parameter that can justify a perturbative expansion. We present a controlled Quantum Monte-Carlo approach to the three-band Hubbard model relevant for this materials that reproduces the up-up-down-down spin ordering. The method is free of the sign problem that is usually the main limiting factor for simulating fermionic systems in dimension higher than one. C1 [Kato, Yasuyuki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Teoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kato, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Teoret Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2012 VL 34 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.05.010 PG 6 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Mathematics; Physics GA BDO20 UT WOS:000314152800010 ER PT J AU Neupane, S Finlay, RD Kyrpides, NC Goodwin, L Alstrom, S Lucas, S Land, M Han, J Lapidus, A Cheng, JF Bruce, D Pitluck, S Peters, L Ovchinnikova, G Held, B Han, C Detter, JC Tapia, R Hauser, L Ivanova, N Pagani, I Woyke, T Klenk, HP Hogberg, N AF Neupane, Saraswoti Finlay, Roger D. Kyrpides, Nikos C. Goodwin, Lynne Alstrom, Sadhna Lucas, Susan Land, Miriam Han, James Lapidus, Alla Cheng, Jan-Fang Bruce, David Pitluck, Sam Peters, Lin Ovchinnikova, Galina Held, Brittany Han, Cliff Detter, John C. Tapia, Roxanne Hauser, Loren Ivanova, Natalia Pagani, Ioanna Woyke, Tanja Klenk, Hans-Peter Hogberg, Nils TI Complete genome sequence of the plant-associated Serratia plymuthica strain AS13 SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Gram-negative; non-sporulating; motile; plant-associated; chemoorganotrophic; Enterobacteriaceae ID OILSEED RAPE; RNA GENES; ANNOTATION; PREDICTION; BACTERIA; DATABASE; HRO-C48; SYSTEM; TOOL AB Serratia plymuthica AS13 is a plant-associated Gammaproteobacteria, isolated from rapeseed roots. It is of special interest because of its ability to inhibit fungal pathogens of rapeseed and to promote plant growth. The complete genome of S. plymuthica AS13 consists of a 5,442,549 bp circular chromosome. The chromosome contains 4,951 protein-coding genes, 87 tRNA genes and 7 rRNA operons. This genome was sequenced as part of the project entitled "Genomics of four rapeseed plant growth promoting bacteria with antagonistic effect on plant pathogens" within the 2010 DOE-JGI Community Sequencing Program (CSP2010). C1 [Neupane, Saraswoti; Finlay, Roger D.; Alstrom, Sadhna; Hogberg, Nils] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Pathol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Goodwin, Lynne; Lucas, Susan; Land, Miriam; Han, James; Lapidus, Alla; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Bruce, David; Pitluck, Sam; Peters, Lin; Ovchinnikova, Galina; Held, Brittany; Han, Cliff; Detter, John C.; Tapia, Roxanne; Hauser, Loren; Ivanova, Natalia; Pagani, Ioanna; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Goodwin, Lynne; Bruce, David; Held, Brittany; Han, Cliff; Detter, John C.; Tapia, Roxanne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. RP Neupane, S (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Pathol, Uppsala, Sweden. EM Saraswoti.Neupane@slu.se RI Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Finlay, Roger/B-4731-2009; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011 OI Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Finlay, Roger/0000-0002-3652-2930; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031 FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We gratefully acknowledge the help of Elke Lang for providing cell cultures of the reference bacterial strain, Evelyne-Marie Brambilla for extraction of DNA and Anne Fiebig for assembly of the reference genome required for digital DNA-DNA hybridizations (all at DSMZ). The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 22 EP 30 DI 10.4056/sigs.2966299 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900003 PM 23450001 ER PT J AU Lucas-Elio, P Goodwin, L Woyke, T Pitluck, S Nolan, M Kyrpides, NC Detter, JC Copeland, A Lu, M Bruce, D Detter, C Tapia, R Han, SS Land, ML Ivanova, N Mikhailova, N Johnston, AWB Sanchez-Amat, A AF Lucas-Elio, Patricia Goodwin, Lynne Woyke, Tanja Pitluck, Sam Nolan, Matt Kyrpides, Nikos C. Detter, Janine C. Copeland, Alex Lu, Megan Bruce, David Detter, Chris Tapia, Roxanne Han, Shunsheng Land, Miriam L. Ivanova, Natalia Mikhailova, Natalia Johnston, Andrew W. B. Sanchez-Amat, Antonio TI Complete genome sequence of Marinomonas posidonica type strain (IVIA-Po-181(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Aerobic; Gram-negative; marine; plant-associated ID POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; RNA GENES; BACTERIA; MEDITERRANEA; FAMILY; PHOTORHABDUS; ANNOTATION; PREDICTION; SYSTEM; TOOL AB Marinomonas posidonica IVIA-Po-181(T) Lucas-Elio et al. 2011 belongs to the family Oceanospirillaceae within the phylum Proteobacteria. Different species of the genus Marinomonas can be readily isolated from the seagrass Posidonia oceanica. M. posidonica is among the most abundant species of the genus detected in the cultured microbiota of P. oceanica, suggesting a close relationship with this plant, which has a great ecological value in the Mediterranean Sea, covering an estimated surface of 38,000 Km(2). Here we describe the genomic features of M. posidonica. The 3,899,940 bp long genome harbors 3,544 protein-coding genes and 107 RNA genes and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Lucas-Elio, Patricia; Sanchez-Amat, Antonio] Univ Murcia, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Murcia, Spain. [Goodwin, Lynne; Woyke, Tanja; Pitluck, Sam; Nolan, Matt; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Detter, Janine C.; Copeland, Alex; Ivanova, Natalia; Mikhailova, Natalia] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Goodwin, Lynne; Lu, Megan; Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Tapia, Roxanne; Han, Shunsheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Johnston, Andrew W. B.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Biol Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Sanchez-Amat, A (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Reg Campus Int Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain. EM antonio@um.es RI Johnston, Andrew/D-1859-2009; Lucas-Elio, Patricia/K-5861-2014; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Sanchez-Amat, Antonio/L-2695-2014; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Lucas-Elio, Patricia/0000-0001-7182-1189; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Sanchez-Amat, Antonio/0000-0001-8597-9235; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Fundacion Seneca (CARM, Spain) [11867/PI/09] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work on Marinomonas posidonica was supported by several grants from the Fundacion Seneca (CARM, Spain) (Current project 11867/PI/09). NR 41 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 31 EP 43 DI 10.4056/sigs.2976373 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900004 PM 23458837 ER PT J AU Kappler, U Davenport, K Beatson, S Lucas, S Lapidus, A Copeland, A Berry, KW Del Rio, TG Hammon, N Dalin, E Tice, H Pitluck, S Richardson, P Bruce, D Goodwin, LA Han, C Tapia, R Detter, JC Chang, YJ Jeffries, CD Land, M Hauser, L Kyrpides, NC Goker, M Ivanova, N Klenk, HP Woyke, T AF Kappler, Ulrike Davenport, Karen Beatson, Scott Lucas, Susan Lapidus, Alla Copeland, Alex Berry, Kerrie W. Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Hammon, Nancy Dalin, Eileen Tice, Hope Pitluck, Sam Richardson, Paul Bruce, David Goodwin, Lynne A. Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Detter, John C. Chang, Yun-juan Jeffries, Cynthia D. Land, Miriam Hauser, Loren Kyrpides, Nikos C. Goeker, Markus Ivanova, Natalia Klenk, Hans-Peter Woyke, Tanja TI Complete genome sequence of the facultatively chemolithoautotrophic and methylotrophic alpha Proteobacterium Starkeya novella type strain (ATCC 8093(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE strictly aerobic; facultatively chemoautotrophic; methylotrophic and heterotrophic; Gram-negative; rod-shaped; non-motile; soil bacterium; Xanthobacteraceae; CSP 2008 ID BACTERIAL SULFITE DEHYDROGENASE; CYTOCHROME C OXIDOREDUCTASE; THIOBACILLUS-NOVELLUS; THIOSULFATE OXIDATION; DIRECT ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; ACTIVE-SITE; RNA GENES; OXIDASE; PURIFICATION AB Starkeya novella (Starkey 1934) Kelly et al. 2000 is a member of the family Xanthobacteraceae in the order 'Rhizobiales', which is thus far poorly characterized at the genome level. Cultures from this species are most interesting due to their facultatively chemolithoautotrophic lifestyle, which allows them to both consume carbon dioxide and to produce it. This feature makes S. novella an interesting model organism for studying the genomic basis of regulatory networks required for the switch between consumption and production of carbon dioxide, a key component of the global carbon cycle. In addition, S. novella is of interest for its ability to grow on various inorganic sulfur compounds and several C1-compounds such as methanol. Besides Azorhizobium caulinodans, S. novella is only the second species in the family Xanthobacteraceae with a completely sequenced genome of a type strain. The current taxonomic classification of this group is in significant conflict with the 16S rRNA data. The genomic data indicate that the physiological capabilities of the organism might have been underestimated. The 4,765,023 bp long chromosome with its 4,511 protein-coding and 52 RNA genes was sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute Community Sequencing Program (CSP) 2008. C1 [Kappler, Ulrike; Beatson, Scott] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Davenport, Karen; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Lucas, Susan; Lapidus, Alla; Copeland, Alex; Berry, Kerrie W.; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Hammon, Nancy; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Pitluck, Sam; Richardson, Paul; Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Detter, John C.; Chang, Yun-juan; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Ivanova, Natalia; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Chang, Yun-juan; Jeffries, Cynthia D.; Land, Miriam; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. EM u.kappler1@uq.edu.au; hpk@dsmz.de RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Beatson, Scott/B-6985-2013; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Beatson, Scott/0000-0002-1806-3283; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DP 0878525] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and a Fellowship and grant to UK (DP 0878525). We would like to thank Dr. Richard Webb from the Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis at the University of Queensland for preparing the electron micrograph of S. novella. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 44 EP 58 DI 10.4056/sigs.3006378 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900005 PM 23450099 ER PT J AU Rawat, SR Mannisto, MK Starovoytov, V Goodwin, L Nolan, M Hauser, L Land, M Davenport, KW Woyke, T Haggblom, MM AF Rawat, Suman R. Mannisto, Minna K. Starovoytov, Valentin Goodwin, Lynne Nolan, Matt Hauser, Lauren Land, Miriam Davenport, Karen Walston Woyke, Tanja Haggblom, Max M. TI Complete genome sequence of Terriglobus saanensis type strain SP1PR4(T), an Acidobacteria from tundra soil SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE cold adapted; acidophile; tundra soil; Acidobacteria ID BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; PHYLUM ACIDOBACTERIA; RNA GENES; DIVERSITY; ANNOTATION; PREDICTION; DATABASE; SYSTEM; THAW; TOOL AB Terriglobus saanensis SP1PR4(T) is a novel species of the genus Terriglobus. T. saanensis is of ecological interest because it is a representative of the phylum Acidobacteria, which are dominant members of bacterial soil microbiota in Arctic ecosystems. T. saanensis is a cold-adapted acidophile and a versatile heterotroph utilizing a suite of simple sugars and complex polysaccharides. The genome contained an abundance of genes assigned to metabolism and transport of carbohydrates including gene modules encoding for carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) family involved in breakdown, utilization and biosynthesis of diverse structural and storage polysaccharides. T. saanensis SP1PR4(T)represents the first member of genus Terriglobus with a completed genome sequence, consisting of a single replicon of 5,095,226 base pairs (bp), 54 RNA genes and 4,279 protein-coding genes. We infer that the physiology and metabolic potential of T. saanensis is adapted to allow for resilience to the nutrient-deficient conditions and fluctuating temperatures of Arctic tundra soils. C1 [Rawat, Suman R.; Haggblom, Max M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Mannisto, Minna K.] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Rovaniemi, Finland. [Starovoytov, Valentin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Hauser, Lauren; Land, Miriam] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Goodwin, Lynne; Davenport, Karen Walston] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Nolan, Matt; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Rawat, SR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM rawat@aesop.rutgers.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Haggblom, Max/E-7597-2010 OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Haggblom, Max/0000-0001-6307-7863 FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Academy of Finland; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station FX The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy Under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was funded in part by the Academy of Finland and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 18 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.4056/sigs.3036810 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900006 PM 23450133 ER PT J AU Giovannelli, D Ricci, J Perez-Rodriguez, I Hugler, M O'Brien, C Keddis, R Grosche, A Goodwin, L Bruce, D Davenport, KW Detter, C Han, J Han, SS Ivanova, N Land, ML Mikhailova, N Nolan, M Pitluck, S Tapia, R Woyke, T Vetriani, C AF Giovannelli, Donato Ricci, Jessica Perez-Rodriguez, Ileana Huegler, Michael O'Brien, Charles Keddis, Ramaydalis Grosche, Ashley Goodwin, Lynne Bruce, David Davenport, Karen W. Detter, Chris Han, James Han, Shunsheng Ivanova, Natalia Land, Miriam L. Mikhailova, Natalia Nolan, Matt Pitluck, Sam Tapia, Roxanne Woyke, Tanja Vetriani, Costantino TI Complete genome sequence of Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1(T), a thermophilic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Aquificae; Desulfurobacteriaceae; thermophilic; anaerobic; chemolithoautotrophic; hydrothermal vent ID NITRATE-AMMONIFYING BACTERIUM; SP-NOV.; GEN. NOV.; REDUCING BACTERIUM; RNA GENES; PREDICTION; ALIGNMENT; SYSTEM; TOOLS AB Thermovibrio ammonificans type strain HB-1(T) is a thermophilic (T-opt: 75 degrees C), strictly anaerobic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium that was isolated from an active, high temperature deep-sea hydrothermal vent on the East Pacific Rise. This organism grows on mineral salts medium in the presence of CO2/H-2, using NO3- or S-0 as electron acceptors, which are reduced to ammonium or hydrogen sulfide, respectively. T. ammonificans is one of only three species within the genus Thermovibrio, a member of the family Desulfurobacteriaceae, and it forms a deep branch within the phylum Aquificae. Here we report the main features of the genome of T. ammonificans strain HB-1T (DSM 15698(T)). C1 [Giovannelli, Donato; Ricci, Jessica; Perez-Rodriguez, Ileana; O'Brien, Charles; Keddis, Ramaydalis; Grosche, Ashley; Vetriani, Costantino] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Giovannelli, Donato; Ricci, Jessica; Perez-Rodriguez, Ileana; Keddis, Ramaydalis; Grosche, Ashley; Vetriani, Costantino] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Giovannelli, Donato] Natl Res Council Italy CNR, Inst Marine Sci ISMAR, Ancona, Italy. [Huegler, Michael] Water Technol Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Bruce, David; Han, James; Ivanova, Natalia; Mikhailova, Natalia; Nolan, Matt; Pitluck, Sam; Woyke, Tanja] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Goodwin, Lynne; Davenport, Karen W.; Detter, Chris; Han, Shunsheng; Tapia, Roxanne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Vetriani, C (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM vetriani@marine.rutgers.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Giovannelli, Donato/A-4812-2011; Keddis, Ramaydalis/B-1420-2014; CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014 OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Giovannelli, Donato/0000-0001-7182-8233; CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486 FU US Department of Energy; NSF [MCB 04-56676, OCE 03-27353, MCB 08-43678, OCE 09-37371, OCE 11-24141]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station FX The genome of Thermovibrio ammonificans was sequenced under the auspices of the US Department of Energy. Work on T. ammonificans was supported, entirely or in part, by NSF Grants MCB 04-56676, OCE 03-27353, MCB 08-43678, OCE 09-37371 and OCE 11-24141 to CV, and by the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 11 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 82 EP 90 DI 10.4056/sigs.2856770 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900008 PM 23449845 ER PT J AU Plugge, CM Henstra, AM Worm, P Swarts, DC Paulitsch-Fuchs, AH Scholten, JCM Lykidis, A Lapidus, AL Goltsman, E Kim, E McDonald, E Rohlin, L Crable, BR Gunsalus, RP Stams, AJM McInerney, MJ AF Plugge, Caroline M. Henstra, Anne M. Worm, Petra Swarts, Daan C. Paulitsch-Fuchs, Astrid H. Scholten, Johannes C. M. Lykidis, Athanasios Lapidus, Alla L. Goltsman, Eugene Kim, Edwin McDonald, Erin Rohlin, Lars Crable, Bryan R. Gunsalus, Robert P. Stams, Alfons J. M. McInerney, Michael J. TI Complete genome sequence of Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans strain (MPOBT) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Anaerobic; Gram-negative; syntrophy; sulfate reducer; mesophile; propionate conversion; host-defense systems; Syntrophobacteraceae; Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans; Methanospirillum hungatei ID PROPIONATE-OXIDIZING BACTERIUM; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIUM; SP-NOV.; METHANOSPIRILLUM-HUNGATEI; QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASES; DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS; SMITHELLA-PROPIONICA; GEN. NOV.; SP. NOV.; MICROORGANISMS AB Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans strain MPOBT is the best-studied species of the genus Syntrophobacter. The species is of interest because of its anaerobic syntrophic lifestyle, its involvement in the conversion of propionate to acetate, H-2 and CO2 during the overall degradation of organic matter, and its release of products that serve as substrates for other microorganisms. The strain is able to ferment fumarate in pure culture to CO2 and succinate, and is also able to grow as a sulfate reducer with propionate as an electron donor. This is the first complete genome sequence of a member of the genus Syntrophobacter and a member genus in the family Syntrophobacteraceae. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 4,990,251 bp long genome with its 4,098 protein-coding and 81 RNA genes is a part of the Microbial Genome Program (MGP) and the Genomes to Life (GTL) Program project. C1 [Plugge, Caroline M.; Henstra, Anne M.; Worm, Petra; Swarts, Daan C.; Stams, Alfons J. M.] Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Henstra, Anne M.; McDonald, Erin; Rohlin, Lars; Gunsalus, Robert P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Paulitsch-Fuchs, Astrid H.] Wetsus, Ctr Excellence Sustainable Water Technol, Leeuwarden, Netherlands. [Scholten, Johannes C. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Microbiol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Lykidis, Athanasios; Lapidus, Alla L.; Goltsman, Eugene; Kim, Edwin] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Crable, Bryan R.; McInerney, Michael J.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Plugge, CM (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. EM caroline.plugge@wur.nl RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Stams, Alfons/C-8167-2014 OI Swarts, Daan/0000-0003-4412-9191; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Stams, Alfons/0000-0001-7840-6500 FU Earth and Life Sciences division of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [ALW 814.02.017]; Chemical Science division of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [CW 700.55.343]; Netherlands Genome Initiative [NGI 050-72-408]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER20214]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG03-86ER13498]; UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics FX The European authors were financially supported by the Earth and Life Sciences division (ALW 814.02.017) and Chemical Science division (CW 700.55.343) of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). CMP was supported by a short-term personal fellowship of the Netherlands Genome Initiative (NGI 050-72-408). Annotation assistance provided by Dr. McInerney's group was supported by grant DE-FG02-96ER20214 from the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and genomic analyses provided by Dr. Gunsalus' group were supported by US Department of Energy grant DE-FG03-86ER13498 and the UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 25 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 91 EP 106 DI 10.4056/sigs.2996379 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900009 PM 23450070 ER PT J AU Riedel, T Held, B Nolan, M Lucas, S Lapidus, A Tice, H Del Rio, TG Cheng, JF Han, C Tapia, R Goodwin, LA Pitluck, S Liolios, K Mavromatis, K Pagani, I Ivanova, N Mikhailova, N Pati, A Chen, A Palaniappan, K Land, M Rohde, M Tindall, BJ Detter, JC Goker, M Bristow, J Eisen, JA Markowitz, V Hugenholtz, P Kyrpides, NC Klenk, HP Woyke, T AF Riedel, Thomas Held, Brittany Nolan, Matt Lucas, Susan Lapidus, Alla Tice, Hope Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Cheng, Jan-Fang Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Goodwin, Lynne A. Pitluck, Sam Liolios, Konstantinos Mavromatis, Konstantinos Pagani, Ioanna Ivanova, Natalia Mikhailova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Chen, Amy Palaniappan, Krishna Land, Miriam Rohde, Manfred Tindall, Brian J. Detter, John C. Goeker, Markus Bristow, James Eisen, Jonathan A. Markowitz, Victor Hugenholtz, Philip Kyrpides, Nikos C. Klenk, Hans-Peter Woyke, Tanja TI Genome sequence of the Antarctic rhodopsins-containing flavobacterium Gillisia limnaea type strain (R-8282(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE aerobic; motile; rod-shaped; moderately halotolerant; psychrophilic; chemohete-rotrophic; proteorhodopsin; microbial mat; yellow-pigmented; Flavobacteriaceae; GEBA ID FAMILY FLAVOBACTERIACEAE; SP-NOV.; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; SALINIBACTER-RUBER; CAROTENOID ANTENNA; GLIDING MOTILITY; PROTON PUMP; SEA-WATER; GEN.-NOV.; BACTERIA AB Gillisia limnaea Van Trappen et al. 2004 is the type species of the genus Gillisia, which is a member of the well characterized family Flavobacteriaceae. The genome of G. limnea R-8282(T) is the first sequenced genome (permanent draft) from a type strain of the genus Gillisia. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the permanent-draft genome sequence and annotation. The 3,966,857 bp long chromosome (two scaffolds) with its 3,569 protein-coding and 51 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Riedel, Thomas; Rohde, Manfred; Klenk, Hans-Peter] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Held, Brittany; Nolan, Matt; Lucas, Susan; Lapidus, Alla; Tice, Hope; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Pitluck, Sam; Liolios, Konstantinos; Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Pagani, Ioanna; Ivanova, Natalia; Mikhailova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Detter, John C.; Bristow, James; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Held, Brittany; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chen, Amy; Palaniappan, Krishna; Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Land, Miriam] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Tindall, Brian J.; Goeker, Markus] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197; FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [INST 599/1-2, TRR 51] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Helga Pomrenke for growing G. limnaea cultures and Evelyne-Marie Brambilla for DNA extraction and quality control (both at the DSMZ). This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, as well as German Research Foundation (DFG) INST 599/1-2 as well as TRR 51. NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 10 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 107 EP 119 DI 10.4056/sigs.3216895 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900010 PM 23450183 ER PT J AU Riedel, T Held, B Nolan, M Lucas, S Lapidus, A Tice, H Del Rio, TG Cheng, JF Han, C Tapia, R Goodwin, LA Pitluck, S Liolios, K Mavromatis, K Pagani, I Ivanova, N Mikhailova, N Pati, A Chen, A Palaniappan, K Rohde, M Tindall, BJ Detter, JC Goker, M Woyke, T Bristow, J Eisen, JA Markowitz, V Hugenholtz, P Klenk, HP Kyrpides, NC AF Riedel, Thomas Held, Brittany Nolan, Matt Lucas, Susan Lapidus, Alla Tice, Hope Del Rio, Tijana Glavina Cheng, Jan-Fang Han, Cliff Tapia, Roxanne Goodwin, Lynne A. Pitluck, Sam Liolios, Konstantinos Mavromatis, Konstantinos Pagani, Ioanna Ivanova, Natalia Mikhailova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Chen, Amy Palaniappan, Krishna Rohde, Manfred Tindall, Brian J. Detter, John C. Goeker, Markus Woyke, Tanja Bristow, James Eisen, Jonathan A. Markowitz, Victor Hugenholtz, Philip Klenk, Hans-Peter Kyrpides, Nikos C. TI Genome sequence of the orange-pigmented seawater bacterium Owenweeksia hongkongensis type strain (UST20020801(T)) SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE aerobic; motile; rod-shaped; mesophilic; non-fermentative; Gram-negative; orange-pigmented sea water; Bacteroidetes; Flavobacteria; Cryomorphaceae; GEBA ID FRESH-WATER BACTERIUM; GEN. NOV.; MARINE BACTERIUM; BACTEROIDES-THETAIOTAOMICRON; PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; FAMILY CRYOMORPHACEAE; ORGANIC-MATTER; FLAVOBACTERIA; ARCHAEA; ASSEMBLAGES AB Owenweeksia hongkongensis Lau et al. 2005 is the sole member of the monospecific genus Owenweeksia in the family Cryomorphaceae, a poorly characterized family at the genome level thus far. This family comprises seven genera within the class Flavobacteria. Family members are known to be psychrotolerant, rod-shaped and orange pigmented (beta-carotene), typical for Flavobacteria. For growth, seawater and complex organic nutrients are necessary. The genome of O. hongkongensis UST20020801(T) is only the second genome of a member of the family Cryomorphaceae whose sequence has been deciphered. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 4,000,057 bp long chromosome with its 3,518 protein-coding and 45 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project. C1 [Riedel, Thomas; Rohde, Manfred] HZI Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Held, Brittany; Nolan, Matt; Lucas, Susan; Lapidus, Alla; Tice, Hope; Del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Pitluck, Sam; Liolios, Konstantinos; Mavromatis, Konstantinos; Pagani, Ioanna; Ivanova, Natalia; Mikhailova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita; Detter, John C.; Woyke, Tanja; Bristow, James; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Hugenholtz, Philip; Kyrpides, Nikos C.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Held, Brittany; Han, Cliff; Tapia, Roxanne; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Detter, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Chen, Amy; Palaniappan, Krishna; Markowitz, Victor] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Biol Data Management & Technol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Tindall, Brian J.; Goeker, Markus; Klenk, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Klenk, HP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Braunschweig, Germany. EM hpk@dsmz.de RI Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014; OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197 FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06NA25396]; UT-Battelle; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [INST 599/1-2, Transregio-SFB 51 Roseobacter] FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the help of Helga Pomrenke for growing O. hongkongensis cultures and Evelyne-Marie Brambilla for DNA extraction and quality control (both at DSMZ). This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract No. DE-AC02-06NA25396, UT-Battelle and Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, as well as German Research Foundation (DFG) INST 599/1-2 and Transregio-SFB 51 Roseobacter. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU GENOMIC STAND CONSORT PI EAST LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, GEEO GARRITY, DEPT MICROBIOL, 6162 BIOMED & PHYS SCI BLDG, EAST LANSING, MI 48824 USA SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 120 EP 130 DI 10.4056/sigs.3296896 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900011 PM 23450211 ER PT J AU Robbins, RJ Amaral-Zettler, L Bik, H Blum, S Edwards, J Field, D Garrity, G Gilbert, JA Kottmann, R Krishtalka, L Lapp, H Lawrence, C Morrison, N Tuama, EO Parr, C Gil, IS Schindel, D Schriml, L Vieglas, D Wooley, J AF Robbins, Robert J. Amaral-Zettler, Linda Bik, Holly Blum, Stan Edwards, James Field, Dawn Garrity, George Gilbert, Jack A. Kottmann, Renzo Krishtalka, Leonard Lapp, Hilmar Lawrence, Carolyn Morrison, Norman Tuama, Eamonn O. Parr, Cynthia Gil, Inigo San Schindel, David Schriml, Lynn Vieglas, David Wooley, John TI RCN4GSC Workshop Report: Managing Data at the Interface of Biodiversity and (Meta)Genomics, March 2011 SO STANDARDS IN GENOMIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MINIMUM INFORMATION AB Building on the planning efforts of the RCN4GSC project, a workshop was convened in San Diego to bring together experts from genomics and metagenomics, biodiversity, ecology, and bioinformatics with the charge to identify potential for positive interactions and progress, especially building on successes at establishing data standards by the GSC and by the biodiversity and ecological communities. Until recently, the contribution of microbial life to the biomass and biodiversity of the biosphere was largely overlooked (because it was resistant to systematic study). Now, emerging genomic and metagenomic tools are making investigation possible. Initial research findings suggest that major advances are in the offing. Although different research communities share some overlapping concepts and traditions, they differ significantly in sampling approaches, vocabularies and workflows. Likewise, their definitions of 'fitness for use' for data differ significantly, as this concept stems from the specific research questions of most importance in the different fields. Nevertheless, there is little doubt that there is much to be gained from greater coordination and integration. As a first step toward interoperability of the information systems used by the different communities, participants agreed to conduct a case study on two of the leading data standards from the two formerly disparate fields: (a) GSC's standard checklists for genomics and metagenomics and (b) TDWG's Darwin Core standard, used primarily in taxonomy and systematic biology. C1 [Robbins, Robert J.; Wooley, John] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Amaral-Zettler, Linda] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Bik, Holly] Univ New Hampshire, Hubbard Ctr Genome Studies, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Blum, Stan] Calif Acad Sci, Ctr Appl Biodivers Informat, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Edwards, James; Parr, Cynthia] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Field, Dawn] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford, Oxon, England. [Garrity, George] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kottmann, Renzo] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom Grp, Bremen, Germany. [Krishtalka, Leonard; Vieglas, David] Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Lapp, Hilmar] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr NESCent, Durham, NC USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Crop Genome Informat Lab 1034, Ames, IA USA. [Morrison, Norman] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Tuama, Eamonn O.] GBIF Secretariat, Global Biodivers Informat Facil, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Gil, Inigo San] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, LTER Network Off, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Schindel, David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Consortium Barcode Life, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schriml, Lynn] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Robbins, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Garrity, George/F-7551-2013; Parr, Cynthia/E-8013-2010; OI Garrity, George/0000-0002-4465-7034; Parr, Cynthia/0000-0002-8870-7099; Lapp, Hilmar/0000-0001-9107-0714; Bik, Holly/0000-0002-4356-3837; Schriml, Lynn/0000-0001-8910-9851 FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [RCN4GSC, DBI-0840989] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support from the US National Science Foundation (NSF) grant RCN4GSC, DBI-0840989. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1944-3277 J9 STAND GENOMIC SCI JI Stand. Genomic Sci. PY 2012 VL 7 IS 1 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.4056/sigs.3156511 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 082QB UT WOS:000314405900015 PM 23451294 ER PT S AU Dabling, JG Filatov, A Wheeler, JW AF Dabling, Jeffrey G. Filatov, Anton Wheeler, Jason W. GP IEEE TI Static and Cyclic Performance Evaluation of Sensors for Human Interface Pressure Measurement SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE AB Researchers and clinicians often desire to monitor pressure distributions on soft tissues at interfaces to mechanical devices such as prosthetics, orthotics or shoes. The most common type of sensor used for this type of applications is a Force Sensitive Resistor (FSR) as these are convenient to use and inexpensive. Several other types of sensors exist that may have superior sensing performance but are less ubiquitous or more expensive, such as optical or capacitive sensors. We tested five sensors (two FSRs, one optical, one capacitive and one fluid pressure) in a static drift and cyclic loading configuration. The results show that relative to the important performance characteristics for soft tissue pressure monitoring (i.e. hysteresis, drift), many of the sensors tested have significant limitations. The FSRs exhibited hysteresis, drift and loss of sensitivity under cyclic loading. The capacitive sensor had substantial drift. The optical sensor had some hysteresis and temperature-related drift. The fluid pressure sensor performed well in these tests but is not as flat as the other sensors and is not commercially available. Researchers and clinicians should carefully consider the convenience and performance trade-offs when choosing a sensor for soft-tissue pressure monitoring. C1 [Dabling, Jeffrey G.; Wheeler, Jason W.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Filatov, Anton] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dabling, JG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jgdabli@sandia.gov; afilatov@mymail.mines.edu; jwwheel@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 162 EP 165 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296500041 ER PT S AU Felix, S Shah, K George, D Tolosa, V Tooker, A Sheth, H Delima, T Pannu, S AF Felix, Sarah Shah, Kedar George, Diana Tolosa, Vanessa Tooker, Angela Sheth, Heeral Delima, Terri Pannu, Satinderpall GP IEEE TI Removable Silicon Insertion Stiffeners for Neural Probes Using Polyethylene Glycol As a Biodissolvable Adhesive SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE ID BRAIN-TISSUE; MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS; POLYIMIDE; STIFFNESS; IMPLANT AB Flexible polymer probes are expected to enable extended interaction with neural tissue by minimizing damage from micromotion and reducing inflammatory tissue response. However, their flexibility prevents them from being easily inserted into the tissue. This paper describes an approach for temporarily attaching a silicon stiffener with biodissolvable polyethylene glycol (PEG) so that the stiffener can be released from the probe and extracted shortly after probe placement. A novel stiffener design with wicking channels, along with flipchip technology, enable accurate alignment of the probe to the stiffener, as well as uniform distribution of the PEG adhesive. Insertion, extraction, and electrode function were tested in both agarose gel and a rat brain. Several geometric and material parameters were tested to minimize probe displacement during stiffener extraction. We demonstrated average probe displacement of 28 +/- 9 mu m. C1 [Felix, Sarah] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Felix, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM felix5@llnl.gov; shah22@llnl.gov; george27@llnl.gov; tolosa1@llnl.gov; tooker1@llnl.gov; sheth2@llnl.gov; delima1@llnl.gov; pannu1@llnl.gov NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 871 EP 874 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296501035 ER PT S AU Carson, JP Kuprat, AP Colby, SM Davis, CA Basciano, CA Greene, K Feo, JT Kennedy, A AF Carson, James P. Kuprat, Andrew P. Colby, Sean M. Davis, Cassi A. Basciano, Christopher A. Greene, Kevin Feo, John T. Kennedy, Andrew GP IEEE TI Detecting Distance between Injected Microspheres and Target Tumor via 3D Reconstruction of Tissue Sections SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE AB One treatment increasing in use for solid tumors in the liver is radioembolization via the delivery of Y-90 microspheres to the vascular bed within or near the location of the tumor. It is desirable as part of the treatment for the microspheres to embed preferentially in or near the tumor. This work details an approach for analyzing the deposition of microspheres with respect to the location of the tumor. The approach used is based upon thin-slice serial sectioning of the tissue sample, followed by high resolution imaging, microsphere detection, and 3-D reconstruction of the tumor surface. Distance from the microspheres to the tumor was calculated using a fast deterministic point inclusion method. C1 [Carson, James P.; Kuprat, Andrew P.; Colby, Sean M.; Davis, Cassi A.; Feo, John T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Carson, JP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM james.carson@pnnl.gov; andrew.kuprat@pnnl.gov; sean.colby@pnnl.gov; cassi.davis@pnnl.gov; cbasciano@ara.com; kgreene@unch.unc.edu; john.feo@pnnl.gov; andrew.kennedy@usoncology.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 1149 EP 1152 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296501103 ER PT S AU Paquit, VC Karnowski, TP Aykac, D Li, YQ Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Paquit, Vincent C. Karnowski, Thomas P. Aykac, Deniz Li, Yaqin Tobin, Kenneth. W., Jr. Chaum, Edward GP IEEE TI Detecting flash artifacts in fundus imagery SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE ID REGISTRATION AB In a telemedicine environment for retinopathy screening, a quality check is needed on initial input images to ensure sufficient clarity for proper diagnosis. This is true whether the system uses human screeners or automated software for diagnosis. We present a method for the detection of flash artifacts found in retina images. We have collected a set of retina fundus imagery from February 2009 to August 2011 from several clinics in the mid-South region of the USA as part of a telemedical project. These images have been screened with a quality check that sometimes omits specific flash artifacts, which can be detrimental for automated detection of retina anomalies. A multi-step method for detecting flash artifacts in the center area of the retina was created by combining characteristic colorimetric information and morphological pattern matching. The flash detection was tested on a dataset of 5218 images representative of the population. The system achieved a sensitivity of 96.54% and specificity of 70.16% for the detection of the flash artifacts. The flash artifact detection can serve as a useful tool in quality screening of retina images in a telemedicine network. The detection can be expected to improve automated detection by either providing special handling for these images in combination with a flash mitigation or removal method. C1 [Paquit, Vincent C.; Karnowski, Thomas P.; Aykac, Deniz; Tobin, Kenneth. W., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Paquit, VC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM paquitvc@ornl.gov RI Paquit, Vincent/K-9541-2013 OI Paquit, Vincent/0000-0003-0331-2598 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 1442 EP 1445 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296501175 ER PT S AU Karakaya, M Kerekes, RA Morrell-Falvey, JL Foster, CM Retterer, ST AF Karakaya, Mahmut Kerekes, Ryan A. Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L. Foster, Carmen M. Retterer, Scott T. GP IEEE TI Analysis of Tight Junction Formation and Integrity SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE AB In this paper, we study segmentation of tight junctions and analyze the formation and integrity of tight junctions in large-scale confocal image stacks, a challenging biological problem because of the low spatial resolution images and the presence of breaks in tight junction structure. We present an automated, three-step processing approach for tight junction analysis. In our approach, we first localize each individual nucleus in the image by using thresholding, morphological filters and active contours. By using each nucleus position as a seed point, we automatically segment the cell body based on the active contour. We then use an intensity-based skeletonization algorithm to generate the boundary regions for each cell, and features are extracted from tight junctions associated with each cell to assess tight junction continuity. Based on qualitative results and quantitative comparisons, we show that we are able to automatically segment tight junctions and compute relevant features that provide a quantitative measure of tight junction formation to which the permeability of the cell monolayer can ultimately be correlated. C1 [Karakaya, Mahmut; Kerekes, Ryan A.; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.; Foster, Carmen M.; Retterer, Scott T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Karakaya, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM karakayam@ornl.gov RI Retterer, Scott/A-5256-2011; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/A-6615-2011 OI Retterer, Scott/0000-0001-8534-1979; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/0000-0002-9362-7528 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 3724 EP 3727 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296503236 ER PT S AU Thomas, M Heath, BS Laskin, J Li, DS Liu, E Hui, K Kuprat, AP van Dam, KK Carson, JP AF Thomas, Mathew Heath, Brandi S. Laskin, Julia Li, Dongsheng Liu, Ellen Hui, Katrina Kuprat, Andrew P. van Dam, Kerstin Kleese Carson, James P. GP IEEE TI Visualization of High Resolution Spatial Mass Spectrometric Data during Acquisition SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE AB Mass Spectrometric Imaging (MSI) allows the generation of 2D ion density maps that help visualize molecules present in sections of tissues and cells. The combination of spatial resolution and mass resolution results in very large and complex data sets. New capabilities are necessary for efficient analysis and interpretation of this data. This work details the development and application of the capability to process, visualize, query, and analyze spatial mass spectrometry data. Applications include the generation of 2D maps for selected spectra, the manipulation of the heat maps, and the identification of spectral peaks. Heat maps are generated by projecting the sum of intensity vs. time spectra of each pixel for selected m/z value or range. These capabilities take the form of a new interactive software toolkit, MSI QuickView. This software approach is a significant advance over the previous state-of-the art methods that required the conversion of the RAW data using one software, manual assembly of the data, and visualization in another software. C1 [Thomas, Mathew; Heath, Brandi S.; Laskin, Julia; Li, Dongsheng; Liu, Ellen; Hui, Katrina; Kuprat, Andrew P.; van Dam, Kerstin Kleese; Carson, James P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Thomas, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM mathew.thomas@pnnl.gov; brandi.heath@pnnl.gov; julia.laskin@pnnl.gov; dongsheng.li@pnnl.gov; ellen.liu@pnnl.gov; katrina.hui@pnnl.gov; andrew.kuprat@pnnl.gov; kerstin.kleesevandam@pnnl.gov; james.carson@pnnl.gov RI Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012 OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644 NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 5545 EP 5548 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296505186 ER PT S AU Tooker, A Tolosa, V Shah, KG Sheth, H Felix, S Delima, T Pannu, S AF Tooker, Angela Tolosa, Vanessa Shah, Kedar G. Sheth, Heeral Felix, Sarah Delima, Terri Pannu, Satinderpall GP IEEE TI Optimization of Multi-Layer Metal Neural Probe Design SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE AB We present here a microfabrication process for multi-layer metal, multi-site, polymer-based neural probes. The process has been used to generate 1-, 2-, and 4-layer trace metal neural probes with highly uniform and reproducible electrode characteristics. Typically, increasing the number of metal layers is assumed to both reduce the width of the neural probes and minimize the injury and glial scarring caused at the implantation site. We show, however, that increasing the number of trace metal layers does not always result in the minimal probe cross-sectional area. A thorough design analysis reveals that the electrode size, along with other design parameters, have interacting effects on the probe cross-sectional area. Moreover, increasing the trace metal layers in the neural probes also increases the design and fabrication cost/time, as well as the likelihood of probe failure. Consequently, all of these factors must be considered when designing a multi-site, neural probe with the objective of minimizing tissue damage. C1 [Tooker, Angela] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tooker, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tooker1@llnl.gov; tolosa1@llnl.gov; shah22@llnl.gov; sheth2@llnl.gov; felix5@llnl.gov; delima1@llnl.gov; pannu1@llnl.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 5995 EP 5998 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296506049 ER PT S AU Tooker, A Tolosa, V Shah, KG Sheth, H Felix, S Delima, T Pannu, S AF Tooker, Angela Tolosa, Vanessa Shah, Kedar G. Sheth, Heeral Felix, Sarah Delima, Terri Pannu, Satinderpall GP IEEE TI Polymer Neural Interface with Dual-Sided Electrodes for Neural Stimulation and Recording SO 2012 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS) CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Engn Med & Biol Soc (EMBS), CAS, SMC, PubMed, MEDLINE ID BRAIN-TISSUE; POLYIMIDE AB We present here a demonstration of a dual-sided, 4-layer metal, polyimide-based electrode array suitable for neural stimulation and recording. The fabrication process outlined here utilizes simple polymer and metal deposition and etching steps, with no potentially harmful backside etches or long exposures to extremely toxic chemicals. These polyimide-based electrode arrays have been tested to ensure they are fully biocompatible and suitable for long-term implantation; their flexibility minimizes the injury and glial scarring that can occur at the implantation site. The creation of dual-side electrode arrays with more than two layers of trace metal enables the fabrication of neural probes with more electrodes without a significant increase in probe size. This allows for more stimulation/recording sites without inducing additional injury and glial scarring. C1 [Tooker, Angela] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tooker, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tooker1@llnl.gov; tolosa1@llnl.gov; shah22@llnl.gov; sheth2@llnl.gov; felix5@llnl.gov; delima1@llnl.gov; pannu1@llnl.gov NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-1787-1 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2012 BP 5999 EP 6002 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDH78 UT WOS:000313296506050 ER PT S AU Miller, JM White, CP Onar, OC Ryan, PM AF Miller, John M. White, Clifford P. Onar, Omer C. Ryan, Philip M. GP IEEE TI GRID SIDE REGULATION OF WIRELESS POWER CHARGING OF PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB Conductive charging of plug-in and battery electric vehicles (PEV's) is now well established and becoming more pervasive in the market. Conductive charger regulation of vehicle regenerative energy storage system (RESS), or battery pack charge rate is controlled by the dedicated on-board-charger (OBC) in coordination with the vehicles battery management system (BMS). Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) charging of PEV's is a relatively new and emerging technology that will not benefit from standardization work until 2014 or later. As such, various approaches are currently underway to manage the power flow from the grid-tied high frequency power inverter to the vehicle RESS. WPT regulation approaches can be secondary side only, primary side only or a combination of both. In this paper Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) envisions a system that is fast charge compatible and that minimizes the vehicle on board complexity by placing the burden of power regulation on the grid side converter. This paper summarizes the ORNL approach and experimental lessons learned at the National Transportation Research Center WPT laboratory(1). C1 [Miller, John M.; White, Clifford P.; Onar, Omer C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. [Ryan, Philip M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fusion Energy Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Miller, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. EM millerjm@ornl.gov FU ORNL's National Laboratory's National Transportation Research Center, in Knoxville, TN FX The authors with to acknowledge the able assistance of Chester Coomer and Steven Campbell for fabricating the coupling coils and fixtures and P. T. Jones and Paul Chambon for their able assistance in vehicle systems aspects of this program at ORNL's National Laboratory's National Transportation Research Center, in Knoxville, TN. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 261 EP 268 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901700037 ER PT S AU Liang, ZX Ning, PQ Wang, F Marlino, L AF Liang, Zhenxian Ning, Puqi Wang, Fred Marlino, Laura GP IEEE TI Planar Bond All: A New Packaging Technology for Advanced Automotive Power Modules SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB A novel packaging structure for liquid cooled automotive power modules is developed. It features sandwiching power semiconductor switches between two symmetric substrates, which serve electrical interconnection and insulation. Two mini coolers are directly bonded to the outside of these substrates, allowing double sided, integrated cooling. The power switches in a popular phase leg electrical topology are orientated in a face up/face down three-dimensional (3-D) interconnection configuration. The bonding areas between dies and substrates, substrates and coolers are designed to use identical materials and formed in one heating process, in which a special fixture has been made so that a high efficiency production can be implemented. Combining these features with the thermal and electrical advancements, this packaging technology offers dramatically comprehensive improvements in power module's cost effectiveness, electrical conversion efficiency and thermal management, as demonstrated by a planar bond packaged prototype of a 200A/1200V phase leg power module. C1 [Liang, Zhenxian; Ning, Puqi; Wang, Fred; Marlino, Laura] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Div, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. RP Liang, ZX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Div, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. EM Liangz@ornl.gov OI Liang, Zhenxian/0000-0002-2811-0944 NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 438 EP 443 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901700063 ER PT S AU Burress, T Ayers, C AF Burress, Tim Ayers, Curt GP IEEE TI Development and Experimental Characterization of a Multiple Isolated Flux Path Reluctance Machine SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB This paper presents an unconventional type of doubly-salient reluctance machine with Multiple Isolated Flux Paths (MIFPs) that has reduced eddy current and hysteresis losses and several other advantages that improve the power and/or torque density over that of comparably sized conventional reluctance machines. The design also offers the potential to reduce torque ripple and acoustic noise emission. A custom simulator was developed to carry out FEA-based geometric optimization and a second nonlinear parametric simulator was developed to conduct control optimization with consideration of impacts from mutual coupling between phases. Although design constraints were based upon vehicle propulsion applications, the machine is scalable and is well-suited for a wide range of applications. Using machine dimensions similar to that of the 2nd generation Toyota Prius, the projected performance of the machine indicates that the MIFP reluctance machine is capable of producing over 50 kW with less than 5% torque ripple using ripple mitigation techniques. In addition to simulation results, this paper also includes experimental results of the MIFP machine on a dynamometer at up to 23.4 kW. C1 [Burress, Tim; Ayers, Curt] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machines Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Burress, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machines Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM burressta@ornl.gov; ayerscw@ornl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 899 EP 905 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901701024 ER PT S AU Miller, JM Ayers, CW Seiber, LE Smith, DB AF Miller, John M. Ayers, Curtis W. Seiber, Larry E. Smith, D. Barton GP IEEE TI CALORIMETER EVALUATION OF INVERTER GRADE METALIZED FILM CAPACITOR ESR SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID LOSSES AB The capacitor industry requires fast and accurate characterization of component equivalent series resistance (ESR) and capacitance (C). In a manufacturing setting the measurements must be very fast, repeatable and high quality for use in process control, data collection and monitoring, plus for printing on the component SKU label. The fastest characterization testing is done electronically using pulse techniques and these must provide accurate assessment of the true parameter values. In this work a calorimeter method was developed to corroborate ESR values obtained using a recently developed electronic ESR characterization method at ORNL. Calorimeter measurements are very slow, tedious and subject to error if chamber inlet air is not properly conditioned. It was found that the provisional coplanar bus plate used for mounting a power ring high current capacitor introduced frequency dependence in ESR results that electronic measurement techniques did not incur. The calorimeter method lends itself well to parameter characterization under real world application conditions at rated current, frequency and wave shape(1). C1 [Miller, John M.; Ayers, Curtis W.; Seiber, Larry E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. RP Miller, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. EM millerjm@ornl.gov; smithdb@ornl.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 2157 EP 2163 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901702053 ER PT S AU Xu, Y Li, HJ Tolbert, LM AF Xu, Yan Li, Huijuan Tolbert, Leon M. GP IEEE TI Inverter-Based Microgrid Control and Stable Islanding Transition SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB A hybrid microgrid control architecture is proposed, which combines centralized control and distributed control to achieve a fully-functional microgrid control strategy. A complete model of the microgrid has been built. Coordination and power sharing strategies have been developed for the inverters and microgrid controller, and the microgrid can be operated in on-grid mode and islanding mode, and is able to transition between the two modes smoothly with minimum load disruption and shedding during transitions. A multi-input proportional-integral control is proposed to eliminate the transients caused by the inverter control mode transition. In islanding mode, secondary frequency and voltage control strategies are proposed besides droop control methods. Assisted with the microgrid controller and the communication between the microgrid controller and the individual source and load, the microgrid can achieve optimized power flow and energy utilization, and the system efficiency can also be improved. C1 [Xu, Yan; Li, Huijuan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM xuy3@ornl.gov; lih3@ornl.gov; tolbert@utk.edu OI Tolbert, Leon/0000-0002-7285-609X NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 2374 EP 2380 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901702082 ER PT S AU Su, GJ Tang, LX AF Su, Gui-Jia Tang, Lixin GP IEEE TI A Segmented Traction Drive System with a Small dc Bus Capacitor SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID PWM; CONVERTERS AB The standard voltage source inverter (VSI), widely used in electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) traction drives, requires a bulky dc bus capacitor, typically made of polypropylene films, to absorb the large ripple currents generated by the pulse width modulated switching actions and prevent them from damaging and shortening the battery's life. The dc bus capacitor presents a significant barrier to meeting the U.S. DRIVE targets for cost, volume, and weight for inverters. Currently the dc bus capacitor contributes up to 20% of the cost and weight of an inverter and up to 30% of an inverter's volume. The large ripple currents become even more problematic for the film capacitors (the capacitor technology of choice for EVs/HEVs) in high temperature environments as their ripple current handling capability decreases rapidly with rising temperatures. There is thus an urgent need to reduce the ripple currents. This paper presents a segmented traction drive system that can significantly decrease the ripple currents and thus the size of the dc bus capacitor. C1 [Su, Gui-Jia; Tang, Lixin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Su, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Knoxville, TN USA. EM sugj@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 2873 EP 2879 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901703013 ER PT S AU Wang, XY Yue, M Muljadi, E AF Wang, Xiaoyu Yue, Meng Muljadi, Eduard GP IEEE TI Modeling and Control System Design for an Integrated Solar Generation and Energy Storage System with a Ride-through Capability SO 2012 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-20, 2012 CL Raleigh, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB This paper presents a generic approach for PV panel modeling. Data for this modeling can be easily obtained from manufacturer datasheet, which provides a convenient way for the researchers and engineers to investigate the PV integration issues. A two-stage power conversion system (PCS) is adopted in this paper for the PV generation system and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) can be connected to the dc-link through a bi-directional dc/dc converter. In this way, the BESS can provide some ancillary services which may be required in the high penetration PV generation scenario. In this paper, the fault ride-through (FRT) capability is specifically focused. The integrated BESS and PV generation system together with the associated control systems is modeled in PSCAD and Matlab platforms and the effectiveness of the controller is validated by the simulation results. C1 [Wang, Xiaoyu; Yue, Meng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Sustainable Energy Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wang, XY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Sustainable Energy Technol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM xywang@bnl.gov; yuemeng@bnl.gov; Eduard_muljadi@nrel.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4673-0801-4 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2012 BP 3727 EP 3734 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDE00 UT WOS:000312901703130 ER PT S AU Campos, E AF Campos, Edwin BE Moore, RJ Cole, SJ Illingworth, AJ TI Estimating weather radar coverage over complex terrain SO WEATHER RADAR AND HYDROLOGY SE IAHS Publication LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Weather Radar and Hydrology CY APR 18-21, 2011 CL Univ Exeter, Exeter, ENGLAND HO Univ Exeter DE beam propagation; terrain blockage; surveillance area ID NEGATIVE ELEVATION ANGLES; MOUNTAINTOP WSR-88DS; SIMULATION AB Minimizing terrain blockage is a basic consideration when assessing the efficacy of weather radar sites. A numerical model for simulating surveillance coverage of weather radars in mountain terrains is presented. As input, the simulation uses a high-resolution terrain digital model; weather radar parameters; and radiosonde observations of the vertical profile of temperature, pressure, and vapour mixing ratio. The coverage model is validated using observations from Environment Canada's C-band weather radar located at Mt Sicker (British Columbia, Canada). C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Campos, E (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ecampos@anl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD OX10 8BB, ENGLAND SN 0144-7815 BN 978-1-907161-26-1 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 2012 VL 351 BP 26 EP 32 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BDK63 UT WOS:000313597100005 ER PT S AU Kallman, RA Barilo, NF Murphy, WF AF Kallman, R. A. Barilo, N. F. Murphy, W. F. GP JPdL International TI Permitting of a Project Involving Hydrogen: A Code Official's Perspective SO WHEC 2012 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - 19TH WORLD HYDROGEN ENERGY CONFERENCE SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th World Hydrogen Energy Conference (WHEC) CY JUN 03-07, 2012 CL Toronto, CANADA DE hydrogen safety; permitting; fuel cell applications; refueling stations; stationary applications; authority having; jurisdiction AB Recent growth in the development of hydrogen infrastructure has led to more requests for code officials to approve hydrogen-related projects and facilities. To help expedite the review and approval process, significant efforts have been made to educate code officials on permitting hydrogen vehicle fueling stations and facilities using stationary fuel cells (e.g., backup power for telephone cell tower sites). Despite these efforts, project delays continue because of several factors, including the limited experience of code officials with these types of facilities, submittals that lack the required information (including failure to adequately address local requirements), and submission of poor quality documents. The purpose of this paper is to help project proponents overcome these potential roadblocks and obtain timely approval for a project. A case study of an actual stationary application permitting request is provided to illustrate the value of addressing these issues. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association. C1 [Kallman, R. A.] City Santa Fe Springs, Dept Fire Rescue, 11300 Greenstone Ave, Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670 USA. [Murphy, W. F.] Consultant, Whittier, CA 90604 USA. [Barilo, N. F.] Pacif NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Kallman, RA (reprint author), City Santa Fe Springs, Dept Fire Rescue, 11300 Greenstone Ave, Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670 USA. EM richardkallman@santafesprings.org NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2012 VL 29 BP 265 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2012.09.032 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BDN48 UT WOS:000314022200031 ER PT S AU Miller, EL AF Miller, Eric L. GP JPdL International TI IEA-HIA Task 26 research and development progress in renewable hydrogen production through photoelectrochemical water splitting SO WHEC 2012 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - 19TH WORLD HYDROGEN ENERGY CONFERENCE SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th World Hydrogen Energy Conference (WHEC) CY JUN 03-07, 2012 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Fuel Cells; Hydrogen; Photoelectrochemical; Production AB Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production, using sunlight to directly split water, is one of the key enabling technologies for a future where hydrogen is widely deployed as an energy carrier. However, the "traditional" semiconductor-based PEC material systems studied to date, including simple metal oxides such as TiO2, WO3 and Fe2O3, have not been successful in meeting all the performance, durability and cost requirements for practical hydrogen production. Technology-enabling advances in the development of new, advanced PEC materials and systems have been needed. Toward this end, the International Energy Agency's Hydrogen Implementation Agreement (IEA-HIA) Task-26, working in close conjunction with "Working Group on PEC Hydrogen Production" in the Fuel Cell Technology Program at the U. S. Department of Energy, has brought together experts in materials theory, synthesis, characterization and analysis from research sectors across the world. This endeavor has resulted in exciting recent progress over a broad range of PEC materials classes, including high efficiency crystalline semiconductors (e.g., III-V materials), promising thin-film semiconductors (including Fe2O3-, WO3-, and CuGaSe2-based films), novel photocatalyst powders (such as Cs-Modified WO3) and innovative photocatalyst nano-particles (e.g., MoS2). The research and development progress in these important PEC materials classes will be summarized, and key implications discussed. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association C1 US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Miller, EL (reprint author), US DOE, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM eric.miller@ee.doe.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2012 VL 29 BP 438 EP 444 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2012.09.051 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BDN48 UT WOS:000314022200050 ER PT S AU Nakano, A Maeda, T Ito, H Motyka, T Perez-Berrios, JM Greenway, S AF Nakano, Akihiro Maeda, Tetsuhiko Ito, Hiroshi Motyka, Theodore Perez-Berrios, Jose M. Greenway, Scott GP JPdL International TI Experimental Study on a Metal Hydride Tank for the Totalized Hydrogen Energy Utilization System SO WHEC 2012 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - 19TH WORLD HYDROGEN ENERGY CONFERENCE SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th World Hydrogen Energy Conference (WHEC) CY JUN 03-07, 2012 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Mtal hydride Tank; Hydrogen storeage; Stress measurement; Reaction heat; Absorption; Desorption ID STORAGE AB We have been performing research on a Totalized Hydrogen Energy Utilization System (THEUS) which is composed of a Unitized Reversible Fuel Cell (URFC) and metal hydride tanks. THEUS is very similar to the regenerative fuel cell system located at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) but it utilizes the thermal energy from the system to improve the total system efficiency. AIST and SRNL started a collaborative research program on THEUS in 2010 under the Clean Energy Partnership Technology Program between METI and DOE. To initiate the project, a horizontal type metal hydride tank was developed. It had a double coil type heat exchanger and contained 50 kg of AB5 type metal hydride alloy. Absorption and desorption of 6,350 NL of hydrogen was successfully attained at an absorption rate of 11.8 NL/min and a desorption rate of 8.1 NL/min. The experimental results of the heat exchanging performance were compared with the results of a vertical type metal hydride tank which was developed in AIST in 2008. This paper introduces the experimental results of the metal hydride tank which is tested in SRNL. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Canadian Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association C1 [Nakano, Akihiro; Maeda, Tetsuhiko; Ito, Hiroshi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, 1-2-1 Namiki Tsukuba E, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058564, Japan. [Motyka, Theodore] Savannah River Natl Lab SRNL, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Perez-Berrios, Jose M.; Greenway, Scott] Greeway Energy LLC, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Nakano, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, 1-2-1 Namiki Tsukuba E, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058564, Japan. EM a.nakano@aist.go.jp FU METI; DOE FX This study was supported from the Clean Energy Partnership Technology Program between METI and DOE. Authors also acknowledge to Prof. E. Akiba in Kyusyu University, Dr. D. Anton, Dr. R. Zidan, Mr. B. Calloway, Dr. C. Corgnale in SRNL, and Mr. F. E. Humes in CHR for fruitful discussion. And we also wish to thank Mrs. S. Takagi for her very helpful assistance. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2012 VL 29 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2012.09.054 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BDN48 UT WOS:000314022200053 ER PT B AU Garlapati, S Volos, HI Kuruganti, T Buehrer, MR Reed, JH AF Garlapati, Shravan Volos, Haris I. Kuruganti, Teja Buehrer, Michael R. Reed, Jeffrey H. GP IEEE TI PHY and MAC Layer Design of Hybrid Spread Spectrum Based Smart Meter Network SO 2012 IEEE 31ST INTERNATIONAL PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (IPCCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC) CY DEC 01-03, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEECS TCSIM, IEEE DE AMI; Hybrid Spread Spectrum; PHY; MAC AB The selection of the appropriate communication technology for different smart grid applications has drawn a great attention in the recent past. In this paper, we propose a Hybrid Spread Spectrum (HSS) based Advanced smart Metering Infrastructure (AMI) that reduces the overhead and latency in data transfer when compared to the use of 3G/4G technologies for smart meter data collection. We present a preliminary PHY and MAC layer design of a HSS based AMI network and evaluate their performance using matlab and NS2 simulations. C1 [Garlapati, Shravan; Volos, Haris I.; Buehrer, Michael R.; Reed, Jeffrey H.] Virginia Tech, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Kuruganti, Teja] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Garlapati, S (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM gshra09@vt.edu; hvolos@vt.edu; kurugantipv@ornl.gov; buehrer@vt.edu; reedjh@vt.edu FU LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This paper has been co-authored by employees of UTBattelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U. S. Department of Energy. Accordingly, the United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid- up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4883-6; 978-1-4673-4881-2 PY 2012 BP 183 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BDJ12 UT WOS:000313524400022 ER PT S AU Davis, JN Miara, LJ Saraf, L Kaspar, TC Gopalan, S Pal, UB Woicik, JC Basu, SN Ludwig, KF AF Davis, J. N. Miara, L. J. Saraf, L. Kaspar, T. C. Gopalan, S. Pal, U. B. Woicik, J. C. Basu, S. N. Ludwig, K. F. BE Doeff, M Dudney, N Manivannan, A Narayan, SR TI Hard X-ray Fluorescence Measurements of Heteroepitaxial Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Materials SO BATTERY/ENERGY TECHNOLOGY (GENERAL) - 220TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Battery/Energy Technology Joint General Session Held During the 220th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 09-14, 2011 CL Boston, MA SP Electrochemical Soc (ECS), Battery, Energy Technol (ETD) AB Strontium doped lanthanum manganite (La0.8Sr0.2)(0.95)MnO3 (LSM) and lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on single crystal substrates. Total X-ray Reflection Fluorescence (TXRF) reveals the evolution of surface composition due to annealing at 800 degrees C. X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) provides insight into the local electronic structure of the cations. LSM manganese concentration is higher at the surface than in the bulk in as-deposited films. Annealing further enhances surface manganese segregation and irreversibly changes the manganese XANES spectra. Surface strontium is greatly enhanced in LSCF samples quenched from 800 degrees C, however the strontium is reabsorbed into the film when allowed to cool slowly. C1 [Davis, J. N.; Miara, L. J.; Gopalan, S.; Pal, U. B.; Basu, S. N.; Ludwig, K. F.] Boston Univ, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. [Gopalan, S.; Pal, U. B.; Basu, S. N.] Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Saraf, L.; Kaspar, T. C.; Ludwig, K. F.] PNNL, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Woicik, J. C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Ludwig, K. F.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Davis, JN (reprint author), Boston Univ, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. FU DOE SECA [DE-NT000410]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work is supported through the DOE SECA program under Grant DE-NT000410. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-56677-943-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2012 VL 41 IS 11 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1149/1.3687387 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA BDM06 UT WOS:000313719500003 ER PT J AU Bailey, DH Borwein, JM Calude, CS Dinneen, MJ Dumitrescu, M Yee, A AF Bailey, David H. Borwein, Jonathan M. Calude, Cristian S. Dinneen, Michael J. Dumitrescu, Monica Yee, Alex TI An Empirical Approach to the Normality of pi SO EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE 11K16; 65-05; 68Q30; normal real; normal string; pi; Poisson process AB Using the results of several extremely large recent computations [Yee and Kondo 11], we tested positively the normality of a prefix of roughly four trillion hexadecimal digits of p. This result was used by a Poisson process model of normality of p: in this model, it is extraordinarily unlikely that p is not asymptotically normal base 16, given the normality of its initial segment. C1 [Bailey, David H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] Univ Newcastle, Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math & Its Applicat CARMA, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. [Calude, Cristian S.; Dinneen, Michael J.] Univ Auckland, Dept Comp Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Dumitrescu, Monica] Univ Bucharest, Fac Math & Comp Sci, Bucharest, Romania. [Yee, Alex] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dhbailey@lbl.gov; jonathan.borwein@newcastle.edu.au; cristian@cs.auckland.ac.nz; mjd@cs.auckland.ac.nz; mdumi@fmi.unibuc.ro; a-yee@u.northwestern.edu OI Calude, Cristian Sorin/0000-0002-8711-6799; Borwein, Jonathan/0000-0002-1263-0646 FU Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Thanks are due to Dr. Francisco Aragon for his generous assistance with the pictures of random walks. David. H. Bailey was supported in part by the Director, Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1058-6458 J9 EXP MATH JI Exp. Math. PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1080/10586458.2012.665333 PG 10 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 071SL UT WOS:000313614400005 ER PT S AU Scott, S Nordquist, CD Cich, MJ Jordan, TS Rodenbeck, CT AF Scott, Sean Nordquist, Christopher D. Cich, Michael J. Jordan, Tyler S. Rodenbeck, Christopher T. GP IEEE TI A Frequency Selective Surface with Integrated Limiter for Receiver Protection SO 2012 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation CY JUL 08-14, 2012 CL Chicago, IL SP Inst Electr Electron Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propaga Soc AB The design and simulation of a frequency selective surface (FSS) with integrated limiter for receiver-protection are presented. The FSS operates as normal until a certain power threshold is reached, at which point the temperature increase triggers a dramatic resistance change across the element, and the insertion loss changes from 0.2 dB to 20 dB. The limiting action is completely passive and automatically reversible. By placing the limiter outside of the system, no portion of the front-end risks damage from high-power signals, a level of protection not offered in conventional limiters. Finally, the design is compatible with standard lithography processes, requires no diodes, ferrites, or additional components, and can potentially be integrated on flexible substrates. C1 [Scott, Sean; Nordquist, Christopher D.; Cich, Michael J.; Jordan, Tyler S.; Rodenbeck, Christopher T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Scott, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-0462-7 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BDB29 UT WOS:000312442301093 ER PT S AU Anderson, HS Parrish, N Tsukida, K Gupta, MR AF Anderson, Hyrum S. Parrish, Nathan Tsukida, Kristi Gupta, Maya R. GP IEEE TI RELIABLE EARLY CLASSIFICATION OF TIME SERIES SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 25-30, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Signal Processing Soc, IEEE DE classification; minorization; Pareto optimal AB Early classification of time series is important in time-sensitive applications. An approach is presented for early classification using generative classifiers with the dual objectives of providing a class label as early as possible while guaranteeing with high probability that the early class matches the class that would be assigned to a longer time series. We give a specific algorithm for early quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), and demonstrate that this classifier meets the requirement of reliable early classification. C1 [Anderson, Hyrum S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Anderson, HS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4673-0046-9 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2012 BP 2073 EP 2076 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BDA84 UT WOS:000312381402043 ER PT S AU Wohlberg, B Chartrand, R Theiler, J AF Wohlberg, Brendt Chartrand, Rick Theiler, James GP IEEE TI LOCAL PRINCIPAL COMPONENT PURSUIT FOR NONLINEAR DATASETS SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 25-30, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Signal Processing Soc, IEEE DE Compressive Sensing; Robust Principal Component Analysis; Low Rank; Sparse Representation; Group Sparse AB A robust version of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can be constructed via a decomposition of a data matrix into low rank and sparse components, the former representing a low-dimensional linear model of the data, and the latter representing sparse deviations from the low-dimensional subspace. This decomposition has been shown to be highly effective, but the underlying model is not appropriate when the data are not modeled well by a single low-dimensional subspace. We construct a new decomposition corresponding to a more general underlying model consisting of a union of low-dimensional subspaces, and demonstrate the performance on a video background removal problem. C1 [Wohlberg, Brendt; Chartrand, Rick; Theiler, James] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wohlberg, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Wohlberg, Brendt/M-7764-2015; OI Wohlberg, Brendt/0000-0002-4767-1843; Chartrand, Rick/0000-0003-3256-2238 NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4673-0046-9 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2012 BP 3925 EP 3928 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BDA84 UT WOS:000312381403248 ER PT S AU Ioannou, M Hatzikraniotis, E Lioutas, C Chrissafis, K Chung, DY Paraskevopoulos, KM Kyratsi, T AF Ioannou, M. Hatzikraniotis, E. Lioutas, Ch. Chrissafis, K. Chung, D. Y. Paraskevopoulos, K. M. Kyratsi, Th. BE Paraskevopoulos, KM Hatzikraniotis, E TI Sintering Process in Ball-Milled K2Bi8Se13 Nano-composites SO 9TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON THERMOELECTRICS (ECT2011) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th European Conference on Thermoelectrics (ECT) CY SEP 28-30, 2011 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE SP Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Res Comm, NETZSCH-Geratebau GmbH BU Analyzing & Testing, Ulvac Technologies, Waste Heat Recovery Consortium Japan, Artemios Paschalidis S A DE nanostructured; heat treatment; thermoelectric properties ID BETA-K2BI8SE13 AB K2Bi8Se13 material has many attractive features for thermoelectric applications. Recently, K2Bi8Se13 based nanocomposite materials, consisting of nano-crystalline, micro-crystalline and amorphous phases, have been fabricated based on powder technology techniques. The Seebeck coefficient has been enhanced and the thermal conductivity has been decreased, thus presenting interesting behavior. The study of the behavior of materials under different heat treatment conditions is of interest in terms of reversibility and stability of the structural features, as the application of sintering process is necessary for the development of thermoelectric modules. In this work, structural features, thermal and thermoelectric properties have been studied under heat treatment applied into K2Bi8Se13 nano-composites. C1 [Ioannou, M.; Kyratsi, Th.] Univ Cyprus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Hatzikraniotis, E.; Lioutas, Ch.; Chrissafis, K.; Paraskevopoulos, K. M.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece. [Chung, D. Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ioannou, M (reprint author), Univ Cyprus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. OI Chrissafis, Konstantinos/0000-0003-1546-8565; KYRATSI, THEODORA/0000-0003-2916-1708 FU Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation's Framework Programme for Research; Technological Development and Innovation [DESMI 2008]; Republic of Cyprus; European Regional Development Fund; US DOE; Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; [ANABATHMISI/PAGIO/0308/17] FX This work falls under the Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation's Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Innovation 2008 (DESMI 2008), co-funded by the Republic of Cyprus and the European Regional Development Fund, and specifically under Grant ANABATHMISI/PAGIO/0308/17. Dr. Chung was supported by the US DOE, Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1048-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1449 BP 307 EP 310 DI 10.1063/1.4731558 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BDG85 UT WOS:000313173100075 ER PT J AU Morfin, JG Nieves, J Sobczyk, JT AF Morfin, Jorge G. Nieves, Juan Sobczyk, Jan T. TI Recent Developments in Neutrino/Antineutrino-Nucleus Interactions SO ADVANCES IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID SCATTERING CROSS-SECTIONS; CTEQ PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; VECTOR COUPLING-CONSTANT; MESON-EXCHANGE CURRENTS; SINGLE PION-PRODUCTION; NEUTRINO REACTIONS; NOMAD EXPERIMENT; PI(0) PRODUCTION; BETA-DECAY; MODEL AB Recent experimental results and developments in the theoretical treatment of neutrino-nucleus interactions in the energy range of 1-10 GeV are discussed. Difficulties in extracting neutrino-nucleon cross sections from neutrino-nucleus scattering data are explained and significance of understanding nuclear effects for neutrino oscillation experiments is stressed. Detailed discussions of the status of two-body current contribution in the kinematic region dominated by quasielastic scattering and specific features of partonic nuclear effects in weak DIS scattering are presented. C1 [Morfin, Jorge G.; Sobczyk, Jan T.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Nieves, Juan] Ctr Mixto Univ Valencia CSIC, Inst Invest Paterna, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. RP Morfin, JG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM morfin@fnal.gov RI Nieves, Juan/K-2115-2014; Sobczyk, Jan/C-9761-2016 OI Nieves, Juan/0000-0002-2518-4606; FU DGI; FEDER [FIS2011-28853-C02-02]; Spanish Consolider-Ingenio Programme CPAN [CSD2007-00042]; Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEO/2009/0090]; EU [227431]; United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359]; [NN202 368439]; [DWM/57/T2K/2007] FX This research was supported by DGI and FEDER funds, under Contracts FIS2011-28853-C02-02 and the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN (CSD2007-00042), by Generalitat Valenciana under Contract PROMETEO/2009/0090, and by the EU HadronPhysics2 project, Grant agreement no. 227431. J. T. Sobczyk (on leave from Wroclaw University and partially supported by Grants NN202 368439 and DWM/57/T2K/2007) thanks T. Golan for making Figure 1. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract no. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. NR 136 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 5 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-7357 J9 ADV HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI Adv. High. Energy Phys. PY 2012 AR 934597 DI 10.1155/2012/934597 PG 35 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 065UO UT WOS:000313175200001 ER PT S AU Johnson, JL Agarwal, B Whalen, DJ Dalla Vecchia, C Fryer, CL Khochfar, S Li, H Livio, M AF Johnson, Jarrett L. Agarwal, Bhaskar Whalen, Daniel J. Dalla Vecchia, Claudio Fryer, Christopher L. Khochfar, Sadegh Li, Hui Livio, Mario BE Umemura, M Omukai, K TI The Growth of the Stellar Seeds of Supermassive Black Holes SO FIRST STARS IV - FROM HAYASHI TO THE FUTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on FIRST STARS IV - From Hayashi to the Future CY MAY 21-25, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Japan Soc Promot Sci DE black holes; supermassive stars; high redshift; galaxy formation ID DARK-MATTER HALOES; COLLAPSE; STARS AB One of the most promising explanations for the origin of the billion solar mass black holes (BHs) inferred to power quasars at redshifts z >= 6 is that supermassive stars (SMSs) with masses >= 10(4) M-circle dot collapse to form the seed BHs from which they grow. Here we review recent theoretical advances which provide support for this scenario. Firstly, given sufficiently high accretion rates of gas into the cores of primordial protogalaxies, it appears that neither the high energy radiation emitted from the stellar surface nor the limited lifetime of SMSs can prevent their growth to masses of up to >= 10(5) M-circle dot. Secondly, recent cosmological simulations suggest that the high fluxes of molecule-dissociating radiation which may be required in order to achieve such high accretion rates may be more common in the early universe than previously thought. We conclude that the majority of supermassive BHs may originate from SMSs at high redshifts. C1 [Johnson, Jarrett L.; Whalen, Daniel J.; Fryer, Christopher L.; Li, Hui] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Johnson, Jarrett L.; Agarwal, Bhaskar; Dalla Vecchia, Claudio; Khochfar, Sadegh] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Whalen, Daniel J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Livio, Mario] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU LANL FX JLJ thanks the organizers of First Stars IV for the opportunity to present this work, much of which was generously supported by the LANL LDRD program. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1092-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1480 BP 313 EP 316 DI 10.1063/1.4754374 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDH60 UT WOS:000313272200053 ER PT S AU Chen, KJ Heger, A Almgren, A Woosley, S AF Chen, Ke-Jung Heger, Alexander Almgren, Ann Woosley, Stan BE Umemura, M Omukai, K TI Fates of the Most Massive Primordial Stars SO FIRST STARS IV - FROM HAYASHI TO THE FUTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on FIRST STARS IV - From Hayashi to the Future CY MAY 21-25, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Japan Soc Promot Sci DE Pop III Stars; Pair-Instability Supernovae ID HYDRODYNAMICS; SUPERNOVAE; EVOLUTION; CASTRO AB We present our results of numerical simulations of the most massive primordial stars. For the extremely massive non-rotating Pop III stars over 300 M-circle dot, they would simply die as black holes. But the Pop III stars with initial masses 140 - 260 M-circle dot may have died as gigantic explosions called pair-instability supernovae (PSNe). We use a new radiation-hydrodynamics code CASTRO to study evolution of PSNe. Our models follow the entire explosive burning and the explosion until the shock breaks out from the stellar surface. In our simulations, we find that fluid instabilities occurred during the explosion. These instabilities are driven by both nuclear burning and hydrodynamical instability. In the red supergiant models, fluid instabilities can lead to significant mixing of supernova ejecta and alter the observational signature. C1 [Chen, Ke-Jung] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Heger, Alexander] Monash Univ, Montefiore Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Almgren, Ann] Ctr Comp Sci & Engn, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Woosley, Stan] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Chen, KJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM chen1399@umn.edu; alex@physics.umn.edu FU KITP; DOE [DOE- FC02- 01ER41176] FX We thank Dan Kasen, Weiqun Zhang, Volker Bromm, and Lars Bildsten for useful discussion. This work has been supported by KITP Graduate Fellowship, DOE SciDAC grant, DOE- FC02- 01ER41176 and by the computing resources from MSI and NERSC. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1092-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1480 BP 340 EP 342 DI 10.1063/1.4754380 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDH60 UT WOS:000313272200059 ER PT S AU Heap, SA Stancliffe, RJ Lattanzio, JC Dearborn, DSP AF Heap, Stuart A. Stancliffe, Richard J. Lattanzio, John C. Dearborn, David S. P. BE Umemura, M Omukai, K TI Three-Dimensional Modelling of Proton Ingestion Episodes in Low-Mass Stars SO FIRST STARS IV - FROM HAYASHI TO THE FUTURE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on FIRST STARS IV - From Hayashi to the Future CY MAY 21-25, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP Univ Tsukuba, Ctr Computat Sci, Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Japan Soc Promot Sci DE Proton Ingestion; Stellar Evolution; Low-Mass; Intermediate-Mass; Population III; Population II; Hydrodynamics ID CORE HELIUM FLASH; POPULATION-III STARS; GIANTS AB We have modelled a dual shell flash (DSF) in a low-metallicity 1.5M(circle dot) AGB star using the 3-dimensional hydrodynamic program "Djehuty", observing how the evolution of these events compares to 1-dimensional models, which are hypothesised to be inaccurate due to the simplifications in the treatment of convective processes. In particular, the stability of the separated convective structure following hydrogen ignition is investigated. In both models constructed, the split convective zone structure was found to be unstable, with the velocities within the inner convective zone increasing until material breaks through the gap and recombines the two regions into a large single convective region. C1 [Heap, Stuart A.; Stancliffe, Richard J.; Lattanzio, John C.] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Stancliffe, Richard J.] Mount Stromto Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT, Australia. [Dearborn, David S. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence, CA USA. RP Heap, SA (reprint author), Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM stuart.heap@monash.edu; rjs@mso.anu.edu.au OI Stancliffe, Richard/0000-0002-6972-9655 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1092-3 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1480 BP 367 EP 369 DI 10.1063/1.4754389 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDH60 UT WOS:000313272200068 ER PT J AU Kim, J Reed, JL AF Kim, Joonhoon Reed, Jennifer L. TI RELATCH: relative optimality in metabolic networks explains robust metabolic and regulatory responses to perturbations SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; GENOME-SCALE RECONSTRUCTION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; OPTIMAL-GROWTH; GENE KNOCKOUT; EXPRESSION; FLUXES; PREDICTION AB Predicting cellular responses to perturbations is an important task in systems biology. We report a new approach, RELATCH, which uses flux and gene expression data from a reference state to predict metabolic responses in a genetically or environmentally perturbed state. Using the concept of relative optimality, which considers relative flux changes from a reference state, we hypothesize a relative metabolic flux pattern is maintained from one state to another, and that cells adapt to perturbations using metabolic and regulatory reprogramming to preserve this relative flux pattern. This constraint-based approach will have broad utility where predictions of metabolic responses are needed. C1 [Kim, Joonhoon; Reed, Jennifer L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kim, Joonhoon; Reed, Jennifer L.] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Reed, JL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM reed@engr.wisc.edu RI Reed, Jennifer/E-5137-2011; Kim, Joonhoon/E-6253-2012 OI Kim, Joonhoon/0000-0002-7425-1828 FU US Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX We thank Nattapol Arunrattanamook for conducting the E. coli mutant growth phenotyping experiments that were used in the comparison of growth rate predictions. We also thank Wai Kit Ong for his help editing the manuscript. This work was funded by the US Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 51 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-7596 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 9 AR R78 DI 10.1186/gb-2012-13-9-r78 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 065XF UT WOS:000313182600007 PM 23013597 ER PT J AU Meyer, F Trimble, WL Chang, EB Handley, KM AF Meyer, Folker Trimble, William L. Chang, Eugene B. Handley, Kim M. TI Functional predictions from inference and observation in sequence-based inflammatory bowel disease research SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB Meta-omics approaches such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metaproteogenomics have the potential to improve our understanding of how the human microbiome affects digestive health and disease. C1 [Meyer, Folker; Trimble, William L.; Handley, Kim M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chang, Eugene B.] Univ Chicago Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Handley, Kim M.] Univ Chicago, Searle Chem Lab, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Meyer, F (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM folker@anl.gov OI Meyer, Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284; Handley, Kim/0000-0003-0531-3009 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 9 AR 169 DI 10.1186/gb-2012-13-9-169 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 065XF UT WOS:000313182600011 PM 23013527 ER PT J AU Zhaxybayeva, O Swithers, KS Foght, J Green, AG Bruce, D Detter, C Han, SS Teshima, H Han, J Woyke, T Pitluck, S Nolan, M Ivanova, N Pati, A Land, ML Dlutek, M Doolittle, WF Noll, K Nesbo, CL AF Zhaxybayeva, Olga Swithers, Kristen S. Foght, Julia Green, Anna G. Bruce, David Detter, Chris Han, Shunsheng Teshima, Hazuki Han, James Woyke, Tanja Pitluck, Sam Nolan, Matt Ivanova, Natalia Pati, Amrita Land, Miriam L. Dlutek, Marlena Doolittle, W. Ford Noll, KennethM. Nesbo, Camilla L. TI Genome Sequence of the Mesophilic Thermotogales Bacterium Mesotoga prima MesG1.Ag.4.2 Reveals the Largest Thermotogales Genome To Date SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE lateral gene transfer; thermotogales; mesophilic; temperature adaptation ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ORDER THERMOTOGALES; GLOBAL-NETWORK; GENE-TRANSFER; CLASSIFICATION; ENVIRONMENTS; PHYLOGENIES; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; DATABASE AB Here we describe the genome of Mesotoga prima MesG1.Ag4.2, the first genome of a mesophilic Thermotogales bacterium. Mesotoga prima was isolated from a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-dechlorinating enrichment culture from Baltimore Harbor sediments. Its 2.97 Mb genome is considerably larger than any previously sequenced Thermotogales genomes, which range between 1.86 and 2.30Mb. This larger size is due to both higher numbers of protein-coding genes and larger intergenic regions. In particular, the M. prima genome contains more genes for proteins involved in regulatory functions, for instance those involved in regulation of transcription. Together with its closest relative, Kosmotoga olearia, it also encodes different types of proteins involved in environmental and cell-cell interactions as compared with other Thermotogales bacteria. Amino acid composition analysis of M. prima proteins implies that this lineage has inhabited low-temperature environments for a long time. A large fraction of the M. prima genome has been acquired by lateral gene transfer (LGT): a DarkHorse analysis suggests that 766 (32%) of predicted protein-coding genes have been involved in LGT after Mesotoga diverged from the other Thermotogales lineages. A notable example of a lineage-specific LGT event is a reductive dehalogenase gene-a key enzyme in dehalorespiration, indicating M. prima may have a more active role in PCB dechlorination than was previously assumed. C1 [Zhaxybayeva, Olga] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Zhaxybayeva, Olga] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Swithers, Kristen S.; Green, Anna G.; Noll, KennethM.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Foght, Julia; Nesbo, Camilla L.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Han, Shunsheng; Teshima, Hazuki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Han, James; Woyke, Tanja; Pitluck, Sam; Nolan, Matt; Ivanova, Natalia; Pati, Amrita] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Dlutek, Marlena; Doolittle, W. Ford] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Nesbo, Camilla L.] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, CEES, Oslo, Norway. RP Nesbo, CL (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. EM nesbo@ualberta.ca RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Foght, Julia/0000-0002-8614-3875 FU West Virginia University start-up funds; Norwegian Research Council [180444/V40]; National Science Foundation [DEB 0830024]; NASA Exobiology Program [NNX08AQ10G]; U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Dr Kira Makarova for help with CRISPR classification, and Lauren Bradford for technical assistance. This work is supported by West Virginia University start-up funds to O.Z., by a Norwegian Research Council award (project no. 180444/V40) to C.L.N., and by National Science Foundation (DEB 0830024) and NASA Exobiology Program (NNX08AQ10G) grants to K.M.N. Mesotoga prima genome sequencing and annotation were conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PY 2012 VL 4 IS 8 BP 812 EP 820 DI 10.1093/gbe/evs059 PG 9 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 066HO UT WOS:000313211700002 PM 22798451 ER PT J AU Crow, KD Smith, CD Cheng, JF Wagner, GP Amemiya, CT AF Crow, Karen D. Smith, Christopher D. Cheng, Jan-Fang Wagner, Guenter P. Amemiya, Chris T. TI An Independent Genome Duplication Inferred from Hox Paralogs in the American Paddlefish-A Representative Basal Ray-Finned Fish and Important Comparative Reference SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Polyodon spathula; whole-genome duplication; WGD; rate asymmetry; paralog retention; fin-limb transition ID RECIPROCAL GENE LOSS; POLYODON-SPATHULA; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; TELEOST FISHES; EXPRESSION PATTERNS; STURGEON ACIPENSER; CHROMOSOME-NUMBER; DIVERGENCE TIMES; ABSOLUTE RATES; DNA-SEQUENCES AB Vertebrates have experienced two rounds of whole-genome duplication (WGD) in the stem lineages of deep nodes within the group and a subsequent duplication event in the stem lineage of the teleosts-a highly diverse group of ray-finned fishes. Here, we present the first full Hoxgene sequences for any member of the Acipenseriformes, the American paddlefish, and confirm that an independent WGD occurred in the paddlefish lineage, approximately 42 Ma based on sequences spanning the entire HoxA cluster and eight genes on the HoxD gene cluster. These clusters comprise different HOX loci and maintain conserved synteny relative to bichir, zebrafish, stickleback, and pufferfish, as well as human, mouse, and chick. We also provide a gene genealogy for the duplicated fzd8 gene in paddlefish and present evidence for the first Hox14 gene in any ray-finned fish. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the American paddlefish has an independently duplicated genome. Substitution patterns of the "alpha" paralogs on both the HoxA and HoxD gene clusters suggest transcriptional inactivation consistent with functional diploidization. Further, there are similarities in the pattern of sequence divergence among duplicated Hox genes in paddlefish and teleost lineages, even though they occurred independently approximately 200 Myr apart. We highlight implications on comparative analyses in the study of the "fin-limb transition" as well as gene and genome duplication in bony fishes, which includes all ray-finned fishes as well as the lobe-finned fishes and tetrapod vertebrates. C1 [Crow, Karen D.; Smith, Christopher D.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Cheng, Jan-Fang; Wagner, Guenter P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Amemiya, Chris T.] Benaroya Res Inst Virginia Mason, Mol Genet Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Amemiya, Chris T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Crow, KD (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. EM crow@sfsu.edu OI Wagner, Gunter/0000-0002-3097-002X FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1022509, IOS-0321470, IOS-0321461, MCB-0719558]; National Institutes of Health [HL66728, RR14085] FX The authors thank John Postlethwait for procuring the Polyodon sample that was used for the BAC library, Alicia Hill, Tsutomu Miyake, Andy Stuart, and Deb Tinnemore for help in construction and screening of the BAC library, Yi Peng for help with DNA sequencing, and Kent Susick for help obtaining partial sequences of the paddlefish Fzd8 paralogs. This work was supported by National Science Foundation grants IOS-1022509 (to K.D.C.), IOS-0321470 (to G.P.W.), and IOS-0321461 and MCB-0719558 (to C.T.A.), and National Institutes of Health grants HL66728 (to E. Rubin and J.-F.C.) and RR14085 (to C.T.A.). HoxA cluster genes for the gar (Loc) were obtained from Angel Amores. NR 106 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 35 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PY 2012 VL 4 IS 9 BP 937 EP 953 DI 10.1093/gbe/evs067 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 066IA UT WOS:000313212900005 PM 22851613 ER PT S AU Arnold, K Ade, PAR Anthony, AE Barron, D Boettger, D Borrill, J Chapman, S Chinone, Y Dobbs, MA Errard, J Fabbian, G Flanigan, D Fuller, G Ghribi, A Grainger, W Halverson, N Hasegawa, M Hattori, K Hazumi, M Holzapfel, WL Howard, J Hyland, P Jaffe, A Keating, B Kermish, Z Kisner, T Le Jeune, M Lee, AT Linder, E Lungu, M Matsuda, F Matsumura, T Miller, NJ Meng, X Morii, H Moyerman, S Myers, MJ Nishino, H Paar, H Quealy, E Reichardt, C Richards, PL Ross, C Shimizu, A Shimmin, C Shimon, M Sholl, M Siritanasak, P Spieler, H Stebor, N Steinbach, B Stompor, R Suzuki, A Tomaru, T Tucker, C Zahn, O AF Arnold, K. Ade, P. A. R. Anthony, A. E. Barron, D. Boettger, D. Borrill, J. Chapman, S. Chinone, Y. Dobbs, M. A. Errard, J. Fabbian, G. Flanigan, D. Fuller, G. Ghribi, A. Grainger, W. Halverson, N. Hasegawa, M. Hattori, K. Hazumi, M. Holzapfel, W. L. Howard, J. Hyland, P. Jaffe, A. Keating, B. Kermish, Z. Kisner, T. Le Jeune, M. Lee, A. T. Linder, E. Lungu, M. Matsuda, F. Matsumura, T. Miller, N. J. Meng, X. Morii, H. Moyerman, S. Myers, M. J. Nishino, H. Paar, H. Quealy, E. Reichardt, C. Richards, P. L. Ross, C. Shimizu, A. Shimmin, C. Shimon, M. Sholl, M. Siritanasak, P. Spieler, H. Stebor, N. Steinbach, B. Stompor, R. Suzuki, A. Tomaru, T. Tucker, C. Zahn, O. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI The bolometric focal plane array of the POLARBEAR CMB experiment SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUL 03-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE CMB; CMB polarization; bolometer; antenna; millimeter-wave ID MILLIMETER-WAVE; SLOT ANTENNA; NIOBIUM AB The POLARBEAR Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization experiment is currently observing from the Atacama Desert in Northern Chile. It will characterize the expected B-mode polarization due to gravitational lensing of the CMB, and search for the possible B-mode signature of inflationary gravitational waves. Its 250 mK focal plane detector array consists of 1,274 polarization-sensitive antenna-coupled bolometers, each with an associated lithographed band-defining filter. Each detector's planar antenna structure is coupled to the telescope's optical system through a contacting dielectric lenslet, an architecture unique in current CMB experiments. We present the initial characterization of this focal plane. C1 [Arnold, K.; Flanigan, D.; Ghribi, A.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Howard, J.; Kermish, Z.; Lee, A. T.; Lungu, M.; Meng, X.; Myers, M. J.; Nishino, H.; Quealy, E.; Reichardt, C.; Richards, P. L.; Shimmin, C.; Steinbach, B.; Suzuki, A.; Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff, Wales. [Anthony, A. E.; Halverson, N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Barron, D.; Boettger, D.; Fuller, G.; Matsuda, F.; Miller, N. J.; Moyerman, S.; Shimon, M.; Siritanasak, P.; Stebor, N.] Univ Calif, Ctr Space Sci & Astrophys, San Diego, CA USA. [Borrill, J.; Kisner, T.] Computat Cosmol Ctr, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. [Borrill, J.] Univ Calif, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Chapman, S.; Ross, C.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Dobbs, M. A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hyland, P.] Austin Coll, Dept Phys, Austin, TX USA. [Errard, J.; Fabbian, G.; Le Jeune, M.; Stompor, R.] Univ Paris, APC, Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol, Paris, France. [Chinone, Y.; Hasegawa, M.; Hattori, K.; Hazumi, M.; Matsumura, T.; Morii, H.; Shimizu, A.; Tomaru, T.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Imperial Coll, Dept Phys, London, England. [Jaffe, A.; Lee, A. T.; Sholl, M.; Spieler, H.; Zahn, O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, E.] STFC, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Oxford, England. RP Arnold, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM karnold@berkeley.edu RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; OI Fabbian, Giulio/0000-0002-3255-4695; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918; Chinone, Yuji/0000-0002-3266-857X FU National Science Foundation [AST-0618398]; NASA [NNG06GJ08G]; MEXT KAKENHI [21111002]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Canada Research Chairs program FX The POLARBEAR project is funded by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-0618398. Antennacoupled bolometer development at Berkeley is also funded by NASA under grant NNG06GJ08G. The KEK authors were supported by MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number 21111002. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. MD acknowledges support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship and Canada Research Chairs program. All silicon wafer-based technology is fabricated at the UC Berkeley Nanolab. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9153-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8452 AR 84521D DI 10.1117/12.927057 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDD98 UT WOS:000312884000040 ER PT S AU Kermish, ZD Ade, P Anthony, A Arnold, K Barron, D Boettger, D Borrill, J Chapman, S Chinone, Y Dobbs, MA Errard, J Fabbian, G Flanigan, D Fuller, G Ghribi, A Grainger, W Halverson, N Hasegawa, M Hattori, K Hazumi, M Holzapfel, WL Howard, J Hyland, P Jaffe, A Keating, B Kisner, T Lee, AT Le Jeune, M Linder, E Lungu, M Matsuda, F Matsumura, T Meng, XF Miller, NJ Morii, H Moyerman, S Myers, MJ Nishino, H Paar, H Quealy, E Reichardt, CL Richards, PL Ross, C Shimizu, A Shimon, M Shimmin, C Sholl, M Siritanasak, P Spieler, H Stebor, N Steinbach, B Stompor, R Suzuki, A Tomaru, T Tucker, C Zahn, O AF Kermish, Zigmund D. Ade, Peter Anthony, Aubra Arnold, Kam Barron, Darcy Boettger, David Borrill, Julian Chapman, Scott Chinone, Yuji Dobbs, Matt A. Errard, Josquin Fabbian, Giulio Flanigan, Daniel Fuller, George Ghribi, Adnan Grainger, Will Halverson, Nils Hasegawa, Masaya Hattori, Kaori Hazumi, Masashi Holzapfel, William L. Howard, Jacob Hyland, Peter Jaffe, Andrew Keating, Brian Kisner, Theodore Lee, Adrian T. Le Jeune, Maude Linder, Eric Lungu, Marius Matsuda, Frederick Matsumura, Tomotake Meng, Xiaofan Miller, Nathan J. Morii, Hideki Moyerman, Stephanie Myers, Mike J. Nishino, Haruki Paar, Hans Quealy, Erin Reichardt, Christian L. Richards, Paul. L. Ross, Colin Shimizu, Akie Shimon, Meir Shimmin, Chase Sholl, Mike Siritanasak, Praween Spieler, Helmuth Stebor, Nathan Steinbach, Bryan Stompor, Radek Suzuki, Aritoki Tomaru, Takayuki Tucker, Carole Zahn, Oliver BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI The POLARBEAR Experiment SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUL 03-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Cosmic Microwave Background; Inflation; Polarization; Bolometer ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIZATION; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; FLATNESS; HORIZON AB We present the design and characterization of the POLARBEAR experiment. POLARBEAR will measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on angular scales ranging from the experiment's 3.5' beam size to several degrees. The experiment utilizes a unique focal plane of 1,274 antenna-coupled, polarization sensitive TES bolometers cooled to 250 milliKelvin. Employing this focal plane along with stringent control over systematic errors, POLARBEAR has the sensitivity to detect the expected small scale B-mode signal due to gravitational lensing and search for the large scale B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. POLARBEAR was assembled for an engineering run in the Inyo Mountains of California in 2010 and was deployed in late 2011 to the Atacama Desert in Chile. An overview of the instrument is presented along with characterization results from observations in Chile. C1 [Kermish, Zigmund D.; Arnold, Kam; Flanigan, Daniel; Ghribi, Adnan; Holzapfel, William L.; Howard, Jacob; Lee, Adrian T.; Lungu, Marius; Meng, Xiaofan; Myers, Mike J.; Nishino, Haruki; Quealy, Erin; Reichardt, Christian L.; Richards, Paul. L.; Shimmin, Chase; Steinbach, Bryan; Suzuki, Aritoki] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ade, Peter; Tucker, Carole] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff, Wales. [Anthony, Aubra] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Barron, Darcy; Boettger, David; Keating, Brian; Matsuda, Frederick; Miller, Nathan J.; Moyerman, Stephanie; Paar, Hans; Shimon, Meir; Siritanasak, Praween; Stebor, Nathan] Univ Calif, Dept Phys, San Diego, CA USA. [Borrill, Julian; Halverson, Nils; Kisner, Theodore] Computat Cosmol Ctr, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. [Borrill, Julian] Univ Calif, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Chinone, Yuji; Hasegawa, Masaya; Hattori, Kaori; Hazumi, Masashi; Matsumura, Tomotake; Morii, Hideki; Shimizu, Akie; Tomaru, Takayuki] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tokyo, Japan. [Dobbs, Matt A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Errard, Josquin; Fabbian, Giulio; Le Jeune, Maude; Stompor, Radek] Univ Paris 07, APC, Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol, Paris, France. [Jaffe, Andrew] Imperial Coll, Dept Phys, London, England. [Linder, Eric; Sholl, Mike; Spieler, Helmuth; Zahn, Oliver] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Lawrence, KS USA. [Zahn, Oliver] Univ Calif, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys BCCP, Berkeley, CA USA. [Hyland, Peter] Austin Coll, Dept Phys, Austin, TX USA. [Chapman, Scott; Ross, Colin] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Grainger, Will] STFC, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Oxford, England. RP Kermish, ZD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM zkermish@princeton.edu RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; OI Fabbian, Giulio/0000-0002-3255-4695; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918; Chinone, Yuji/0000-0002-3266-857X FU National Science Foundation [AST-0618398]; NASA [NNG06GJ08G]; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Canada Research Chair program; MEXT KAKENHI [21111002] FX The POLARBEAR project is funded by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-0618398. Antennacoupled bolometer development at Berkeley is funded by NASA under grant NNG06GJ08G. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. MD acknowledges support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship and Canada Research Chair program. The KEK authors were supported by MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number 21111002. All silicon wafer- based technology is fabricated at the UC Berkeley Microlab. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9153-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8452 AR 84521C DI 10.1117/12.926354 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDD98 UT WOS:000312884000039 ER PT S AU Ren, Y Hayton, DJ Hovenier, JN Cui, M Gao, JR Klapwijk, TM Shi, SC Kao, TY Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Ren, Y. Hayton, D. J. Hovenier, J. N. Cui, M. Gao, J. R. Klapwijk, T. M. Shi, S. C. Kao, T-Y. Hu, Q. Reno, J. L. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI Stabilized HEB-QCL heterodyne spectrometer at super-terahertz SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUL 03-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE terahertz heterodyne spectrometer; quantum cascade laser; freqeuncy locking; stabilization ID QUANTUM-CASCADE LASERS; LINEWIDTH AB We report a new experiment on a high-resolution heterodyne spectrometer using a 3.5 THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) as local oscillator (LO) and a superconducting hot electron bolometer (HEB) as mixer by stabilizing both frequency and amplitude of the QCL. The frequency locking of the QCL is demonstrated by using a methanol molecular absorption line, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, and a direct power detector. We show that the LO locked linewidth can be as narrow as 35 KHz. The LO power to the HEB is also stabilized by means of swing-arm actuator placed in the beam path in combination of a second PID controller. C1 [Ren, Y.; Hovenier, J. N.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst NanoSci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands. [Ren, Y.; Shi, S. C.] Chinese Acad Sci, PMO, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ren, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Hayton, D. J.; Cui, M.; Gao, J. R.] SRON, Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kao, T-Y.; Hu, Q.] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Reno, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ren, Y (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst NanoSci, Lorentzweg 1, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands. EM y.ren@tudelft.nl; j.r.gao@tudelft.nl NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9153-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8452 AR 845210 DI 10.1117/12.925651 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDD98 UT WOS:000312884000030 ER PT S AU Osgood, RM Stenhouse, PD Quigley, CE Hoey, ML Carlson, JB Lopez, K Kooi, S Armstrong, L Haines, C Kapoor, D Cotlet, M AF Osgood, R. M., III Stenhouse, P. D. Quigley, C. E. Hoey, M. L. Carlson, J. B. Lopez, K. Kooi, S. Armstrong, L. Haines, C. Kapoor, D. Cotlet, M. BE Stockman, MI TI Large-area Ag nanoparticle arrays for plasmonically enhanced Raman scattering SO PLASMONICS: METALLIC NANOSTRUCTURES AND THEIR OPTICAL PROPERTIES X SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Plasmonics - Metallic Nanostructures and Their Optical Properties X CY AUG 12-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Plasmonic resonances; nanoparticles; Raman spectroscopy; Raman scattering; Raman cross-section; field enhancement; chemical sensing; explosives sensing; NIR/visible spectrum; optical properties ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; 2-DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS AB Conducting nanoparticles with plasmon resonances create local, nanoscopic field enhancements that boost an analyte molecule's surface-averaged Raman scattering cross-section orders of magnitude above the bulk Raman cross-section by an amount known as the enhancement factor (EF). Demonstrations of single-molecule sensitivity with EF similar to 10(13) have been reported from small "hot spots" (e. g., regions of enhanced electromagnetic near fields) on specialized substrates, but realistic chemical sensing requires high average EF over large substrates for practical sampling. 1 By using simple wet chemical methods, NSRDEC scientists have fabricated large-area arrays of novel, highly conducting, anisotropic Ag and Al nanoparticles. The nanoparticles adhere to an ultrathin layer of poly-4(vinyl pyridine), and are anchored by sub-micron coating of poly-methyl methacrylate on glass and SiO2-coated Si substrates. The average interparticle spacing is determined by the dilution of the nanoparticle-water suspension. We present surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), spectrophotometry, and microscopy data from these nanoparticle arrays, model this data and the nanoscopic field enhancement, and determine the SERS EF. We compare the observed absorption resonances and SERS EF with those predicted by finite difference time domain modeling of the nanoscale fields and optical properties, and find good agreement between measured and calculated reflectivity, achieving EF similar to 10(6) for benzenethiol adsorbed onto a monolayer array of 120 nm Ag nanoparticles over an area of similar to 0.5 cm(2). We discuss a way forward to increase SERS EF to 10(7) with large-area samples assembled using chemical methods, by using spiky Ag "nano-urchins" with very large predicted field enhancements. C1 [Osgood, R. M., III; Stenhouse, P. D.; Quigley, C. E.; Hoey, M. L.; Carlson, J. B.; Lopez, K.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Kooi, S.] MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Armstrong, L.; Haines, C.; Kapoor, D.] US Army, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07885 USA. [Cotlet, M.] Ctr Funct Nanomaterials, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11949 USA. RP Osgood, RM (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 29 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9174-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8457 AR 845738 DI 10.1117/12.930006 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BDH14 UT WOS:000313216000039 ER PT J AU Burns, JD Borkowski, M Clearfield, A Reed, DT AF Burns, J. D. Borkowski, M. Clearfield, A. Reed, D. T. TI Separation of oxidized americium from lanthanides by use of pillared metal(IV) phosphate-phosphonate hybrid materials SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ion exchange; Americium oxidation; Lanthanides and actinides; Extraction of actinides; Nuclear waste; Separations ID OXIDATION-STATES; ACTINIDE IONS; EXTRACTION; CHEMISTRY; FLUORIDE; BEHAVIOR; AM(V) AB Closing the nuclear fuel cycle in the US poses many challenges, one of which is found in the waste streams, which contain both trivalent lanthanides and actinides. The separation of americium from the raffinate will dramatically reduce the long-term radiotoxicity of the waste. The sorption of americium in both the tri- and pentavalent oxidation states was observed for four M(IV) phosphate-phosphonate ion exchange materials in nitric acid at pH 2. High selectivity was observed for reduced Am(III) with K-d values ca. 6 x 10(5) mL/g, while the K-d values for Am(V) were much lower. A new method of synthesizing and stabilizing AmO2+ to yield a lifetime of at least 24 h in acidic media using a combination of sodium persulfate and calcium hypochlorite will be described. C1 [Burns, J. D.; Clearfield, A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Borkowski, M.; Reed, D. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RP Burns, JD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jbunrs@chem.tamu.edu RI Clearfield, Abraham/D-4184-2015; Burns, Jonathan/O-2028-2015 OI Clearfield, Abraham/0000-0001-8318-8122; Burns, Jonathan/0000-0003-0301-9607 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-03ER15420]; Savannah River National Laboratories [AC-70059-0]; direction of the DOE/EM Carlsbad field office (CBFO) FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through Grant DE-FG02-03ER15420 and Savannah River National Laboratories through Grant AC-70059-0, for which grateful acknowledgement is made. A special thanks to the entire LANL team at the Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, who are supported by the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant program under the direction of the DOE/EM Carlsbad field office (CBFO), for allowing the actinide work to be conducted in their facilities, as well as lending their expertise to help better shape the experiments. We thank Michael Richmann who conducted the ICP-MS analyses of the Am/Nd systems. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG PI MUNICH PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0033-8230 J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA JI Radiochim. Acta PY 2012 VL 100 IS 12 BP 901 EP 906 DI 10.1524/ract.2013.1990 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 068NG UT WOS:000313372800005 ER PT J AU Werner-Zwanziger, U Chapman, KW Zwanziger, JW AF Werner-Zwanziger, Ulrike Chapman, Karena W. Zwanziger, Josef W. TI Multinuclear NMR Study of Zinc Dicyanide SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopy; Negative Thermal Expansion Materials ID NEGATIVE THERMAL-EXPANSION; SOLID-STATE; ZN(CN)(2); CYANIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES; TENSORS; DIAMOND AB The isotropic negative expansion of Zn(CN)(2) has been linked to a temperature induced increase in off-axis tilting of the C-N bond direction and an increase in CN-bond length. However, the bond length could be determined only indirectly based on pair-distribution function analysis and was found to be surprisingly large. Here we study Zn(CN)(2) by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations. By using samples enriched in C-13 and N-15 the dipole coupling between carbon and nitrogen is determined, and from this an upper bound on the C-N bond length of 1.19 +/- 0.01 angstrom is derived. This quantity agrees with earlier determinations based on diffraction but is shorter than estimates based on pair distribution function analysis. The relation of this estimate to possible dynamics in the sample is discussed. Finally, Zn-67 NMR is used together with first principles calculations to assess disorder in the material. C1 [Werner-Zwanziger, Ulrike; Zwanziger, Josef W.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Werner-Zwanziger, Ulrike; Zwanziger, Josef W.] Dalhousie Univ, Inst Mat Res, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Chapman, Karena W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zwanziger, JW (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Coburg Rd 6274, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM jzwanzig@dal.ca OI Zwanziger, Josef/0000-0001-9999-7469 FU National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Funding was provided by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Work performed at Argonne was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank the National Ultrahigh-field NMR Facility for Solids, Ottawa, Canada, for the acquisition of the 67Zn data. We thank Professor Dr. Hans Spiess and Dr. Gunther Brunklaus of the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany, for access to NMR facilities and for discussions. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 22 PU OLDENBOURG VERLAG PI MUNICH PA LEKTORAT MINT, POSTFACH 80 13 60, D-81613 MUNICH, GERMANY SN 0942-9352 J9 Z PHYS CHEM JI Z. Phys. Chemie-Int. J. Res. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 226 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1205 EP 1218 DI 10.1524/zpch.2012.0285 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 067TE UT WOS:000313317200009 ER PT S AU Jiang, XW Deng, HX Li, SS Luo, JW Wang, LW AF Jiang, Xiang-Wei Deng, Hui-Xiong Li, Shu-Shen Luo, Jun-Wei Wang, Lin-Wang BE Piprek, J Lu, W TI Quantum Mechanical Simulations of Nano-Structures and Nano-Devices SO 2012 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES (NUSOD) SE International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices (NUSOD) CY AUG 28-31, 2012 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Photon Soc, Numer Simulat Optoelect Devices (NUSOD) Inst, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China (NSFC), Shanghai Inst Tech Phys (SITP), Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol (SIMIT), Chinese Acad Sci (CAS) AB We have investigated the quantum mechanical effects in quantum dots and nano size silicon MOSFETs using empirical psedupotential Hamiltonian model and linear combination of bulk band (LCBB) method. Unlike the traditional effective mass approximation and kp method, our approach uses a full zone expansion to represent the electronic state. This method provides a very fast yet accurate way to simulate million atom nano structures and nano devices even on a single processor personal computer. C1 [Jiang, Xiang-Wei; Deng, Hui-Xiong; Li, Shu-Shen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. [Luo, Jun-Wei] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. [Wang, Lin-Wang] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. RP Jiang, XW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. FU National Basic Research Program of China ( 973 Program) [G2009CB929300]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [61106091, 60821061, 60776061] FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China ( 973 Program) Grant No. G2009CB929300 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grand Nos. 61106091, 60821061 and 60776061. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 2158-3234 BN 978-1-4673-1604-0; 978-1-4673-1602-6 J9 INT C NUMER SIMUL PY 2012 BP 101 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied; Optics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Optics GA BDC76 UT WOS:000312670900050 ER PT S AU Narumanchi, S Mihalic, M Moreno, G Bennion, K AF Narumanchi, Sreekant Mihalic, Mark Moreno, Gilbert Bennion, Kevin GP IEEE TI Design of Light-Weight, Single-Phase Liquid-Cooled Heat Exchanger for Automotive Power Electronics SO 2012 13TH IEEE INTERSOCIETY CONFERENCE ON THERMAL AND THERMOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA IN ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (ITHERM) SE InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th IEEE InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm) CY MAY 30-JUN 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Components, Packaging and Mfg Technol Soc (CPMT) DE jet impingement; WEG; automotive inverter/power electronics; microfinned/enhanced surfaces; CFD modeling; reliability ID JET IMPINGEMENT; ROUGHNESS AB Efficient thermal management is critical to increasing power density, improving reliability, and reducing the cost of automotive power electronics. In this paper, we present a heat exchanger design based on impinging jets (with 50%-50% mixture by volume of water-ethylene glycol as coolant) on the copper base plate with and without microfinned/enhanced surfaces, and a plastic fluid manifold. Finite-element analyses as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling were utilized for the design. The performance of the jet-based heat exchanger is compared to the baseline channel-flow heat exchanger via CFD modeling. We also characterized the thermal performance of the channel-flow-based heat exchanger experimentally to validate the CFD predictions. CFD results indicate that the jet-based heat exchanger can provide up to 45% lower thermal resistance, 79% increase in power density, and 118% increase in specific power with respect to the baseline channel-flow heat exchanger. We also initiated experimental characterization of the reliability of jet impingement on a plain surface as well as on microfinned/enhanced surfaces. Results to date suggest that jet impingement does not degrade the thermal performance of the enhanced surfaces after six months of near-continuous impingement on the surface. C1 [Narumanchi, Sreekant; Mihalic, Mark; Moreno, Gilbert; Bennion, Kevin] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Narumanchi, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM sreekant.narumanchi@nrel.gov OI Narumanchi, Sreekant/0000-0001-5337-6069 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1936-3958 BN 978-1-4244-9532-0 J9 INTSOC CONF THERMAL PY 2012 BP 693 EP 699 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BDD69 UT WOS:000312835500091 ER PT S AU He, X Lustbader, JA Arik, M Sharma, R AF He, Xin Lustbader, Jason A. Arik, Mehmet Sharma, Rajdeep GP IEEE TI Characteristics of Low Reynolds Number Steady Air Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Over Vertical Flat Surfaces SO 2012 13TH IEEE INTERSOCIETY CONFERENCE ON THERMAL AND THERMOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA IN ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (ITHERM) SE InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th IEEE InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm) CY MAY 30-JUN 01, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Components, Packaging and Mfg Technol Soc (CPMT) DE Steady jets; heat transfer; impingement cooling ID SLOT JET; NOZZLE; PLATE AB In this paper, heat transfer characteristics of single-slot steady-impinging air jets on a 25.4 rum x 25.4 mm vertical surface were experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted with four different nozzles (length x width: 4 mm x 1 mm, 8 mm x 1 mm, 12 rum x 1 mm, and 15 rum x 1 mm). The parameters varied in the testing were Reynolds number (Re) (100 - 2,000) and dimensionless nozzle-to-plate spacing (H/D-h = 5, 10, 15, and 20). Correlations for average Nusselt numbers (Nu) were developed that accurately predict experimental data. The heat transfer coefficient over a vertical surface increases with increasing Re. For a small nozzle-toplate spacing (H/D-h = 5), the average Nu correlation is not only a function of Re but also a function of nozzle length. For large nozzle-to-plate spacing (H/D-h >= 10) and nozzle length larger than 8 mm, the heat transfer coefficient is insensitive to H/D-h and nozzle length. A subset of this data was then compared to synthetic jet data in a separate study. C1 [He, Xin; Lustbader, Jason A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Arik, Mehmet] Ozyegin Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. [Sharma, Rajdeep] Exponent Inc, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP He, X (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM xin.he@nrel.gov RI He, Xin/I-4240-2012 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1936-3958 BN 978-1-4244-9532-0 J9 INTSOC CONF THERMAL PY 2012 BP 1364 EP 1371 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BDD69 UT WOS:000312835500174 ER PT S AU Malikopoulos, AA Aguilar, JP AF Malikopoulos, Andreas A. Aguilar, Juan P. GP IEEE TI Optimization of Driving Styles for Fuel Economy Improvement SO 2012 15TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (ITSC) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITSC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) CY SEP 16-19, 2012 CL Anchorage, AK ID VEHICLE; CONSUMPTION; EMISSIONS AB Modern vehicles have sophisticated electronic control units, particularly to control engine operation with respect to a balance between fuel economy, emissions, and power. These control units are designed for specific driving conditions and testing. However, each individual driving style is different and rarely meets those driving conditions. In the research reported here we investigate those driving style factors that have a major impact on fuel economy. An optimization framework is proposed with the aim of optimizing driving styles with respect to these driving factors. A set of polynomial metamodels are constructed to reflect the responses produced by changes of the driving factors. Then we compare the optimized driving styles to the original ones and evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the optimization formulation. C1 [Malikopoulos, Andreas A.; Aguilar, Juan P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Malikopoulos, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM andreas@ornl.gov NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0009 BN 978-1-4673-3063-3 J9 IEEE INT C INTELL TR PY 2012 BP 194 EP 199 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Transportation GA BDC45 UT WOS:000312599600033 ER PT S AU Ernst, JM Krogmeier, JV Bullock, DM AF Ernst, Joseph M. Krogmeier, James V. Bullock, Darcy M. GP IEEE TI Kullback-Leibler Comparison Framework for the Evaluation of Travel Time Distribution Estimates SO 2012 15TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (ITSC) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems-ITSC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) CY SEP 16-19, 2012 CL Anchorage, AK AB In the 1970s a framework was developed by Oppenlander for evaluation of travel time estimation studies. This framework is still recommended today. This paper develops a new framework to improve upon the ideas set forth by Oppenlander. This new framework is based upon the Kullback-Leibler divergence. It allows for travel time studies to be evaluated in a more comprehensive way. Travel time estimation methods can now be evaluated on their ability to estimate travel time distributions instead of only the mean travel time. Also, this framework can be used on any travel time distribution whereas the Oppenlander framework was only properly suited for Gaussian distributions. The Kullback-Leibler divergence also allows for both ID matching and signature matching travel time estimation algorithms to be evaluated, while the Oppenlander framework was best suited for the ID matching algorithms. In this paper the Kullback-Leibler comparison framework for travel time studies is developed. The framework is then used to provide a comparison of an example ID matching and an example signature matching algorithm to demonstrate how both can be evaluated in a single framework. Finally, conclusions are made about the usefulness of the Kullback-Leibler comparison framework. C1 [Ernst, Joseph M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Krogmeier, James V.] Purdue Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bullock, Darcy M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Ernst, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ernstjm@ornl.gov; jvk@purdue.edu; darcy@purdue.edu OI Bullock, Darcy/0000-0002-7365-1918 FU Motorola Foundation; National Academy of Sciences; National Science Foundation CCLI Program [0837280] FX This work was supported by the Motorola Foundation, the National Academy of Sciences through the National Cooperative Highway Research Program, and the National Science Foundation CCLI Program under Award 0837280. The contents of this paper reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein, and do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the sponsoring organizations. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0009 BN 978-1-4673-3063-3 J9 IEEE INT C INTELL TR PY 2012 BP 564 EP 569 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Transportation GA BDC45 UT WOS:000312599600094 ER PT S AU Auciello, O Sumant, A Getty, S Glavin, D AF Auciello, Orlando Sumant, Anirudha Getty, Stephanie Glavin, Daniel GP IEEE TI Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) Films for Field Emission-Based Science and Devices SO 2012 25TH INTERNATIONAL VACUUM NANOELECTRONICS CONFERENCE (IVNC) SE International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Jeju Island, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Korea Univ, Inst Nanotechnol, Korea Univ, WCU Flexible Nanosyst Grp, Korea Univ, BK21 Informat Technol Div, Elect & Telecommun Res Inst (ETRI), Korean Informat Display Soc (KIDS), Korean Carbon Soc, Electron Devices Soc (EDS), AVS C1 [Auciello, Orlando; Sumant, Anirudha] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Getty, Stephanie; Glavin, Daniel] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, NASA, Washington, DC USA. RP Auciello, O (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM auciello@anl.gov RI Getty, Stephanie/D-7037-2012; Glavin, Daniel/D-6194-2012 OI Glavin, Daniel/0000-0001-7779-7765 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 2164-2370 BN 978-1-4673-1983-6; 978-1-4673-1982-9 J9 INT VACUUM NANOELECT PY 2012 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BDD81 UT WOS:000312875600011 ER PT S AU Liu, GX Shen, HY Ward, L AF Liu, Guoxin Shen, Haiying Ward, Lee GP IEEE TI An Efficient and Trustworthy P2P and Social Network Integrated File Sharing System SO 2012 IEEE 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PEER-TO-PEER COMPUTING (P2P) SE IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing (P2P) CY SEP 03-05, 2012 CL Tarragona, SPAIN SP IEEE AB Efficient and trustworthy file querying is important to the overall performance of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing systems. Emerging methods are beginning to address this challenge by exploiting online social networks (OSNs). However, current OSN-based methods simply cluster common-interest nodes for high efficiency or limit the interaction between social friends for high trustworthiness, which provides limited enhancement or contradicts the open and free service goal of P2P systems. Little research has been undertaken to fully and cooperatively leverage OSNs with integrated consideration of proximity and interest. In this work, we analyze a BitTorrent file sharing trace, which proves the necessity of proximity-and interest-aware clustering. Based on the trace study and OSN properties, we propose a SOcial Network integrated P2P file sharing system with enhanced Efficiency and Trustworthiness (SoNet) to fully and cooperatively leverage the common-interest, proximity-close and trust properties of OSN friends. SoNet uses a hierarchical distributed hash table (DHT) to cluster common-interest nodes, then further cluster proximity-close nodes into subcluster, and connects the nodes in a subcluster with social links. Thus, when queries travel along trustable social links, they also gain higher probability of being successfully resolved by proximity-close nodes, simultaneously enhancing efficiency and trustworthiness. The results of trace-driven experiments on the real-world PlanetLab testbed demonstrate the higher efficiency and trustworthiness of SoNet compared with other systems. C1 [Liu, Guoxin; Shen, Haiying] Clemson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Ward, Lee] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, GX (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. EM guoxinl@clemson.edu; shenh@clemson.edu; lee@sandia.gov FU U.S. NSF [OCI-1064230, CNS-1049947, CNS-1156875, CNS-0917056, CNS-1057530, CNS-1025652, CNS-0938189, CSR-2008826, CSR-2008827]; Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship [8300751]; Oak Ridge Award [4000111689] FX We would like to thank Dr. Andy Pavlo in Brown University for providing the BitTorrent trace data. This research wassupported in part by U.S. NSF grants OCI-1064230, CNS-1049947, CNS-1156875, CNS-0917056 and CNS-1057530, CNS-1025652, CNS-0938189, CSR-2008826, CSR-2008827, Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship 8300751, and Oak Ridge Award 4000111689. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2161-3567 BN 978-1-4673-2862-3 J9 IEEE INT CONF PEER PY 2012 BP 203 EP 213 PG 11 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BDC79 UT WOS:000312674500027 ER PT S AU Kim, B Nguyen, J Clews, PJ Reinke, CM Goettler, D Leseman, ZC El-Kady, I Olsson, RH AF Kim, Bongsang Janet Nguyen Clews, Peggy J. Reinke, Charles M. Goettler, Drew Leseman, Zayd C. El-Kady, Ihab Olsson, Roy H., III GP IEEE TI THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY MANIPULATION IN SINGLE CRYSTAL SILICON VIA LITHOGRAPHYCALLY DEFINED PHONONIC CRYSTALS SO 2012 IEEE 25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 29-FEB 02, 2012 CL Paris, FRANCE SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc (RA), Reg Nord-Pas Calais AB The thermal conductivity of single crystal silicon was engineered to be as low as 32.6W/mK using lithographically defined phononic crystals (PnCs), which is only one quarter of bulk silicon thermal conductivity [1]. Specifically sub-micron through-holes were periodically patterned in 500nm-thick silicon layers effectively enhancing both coherent and incoherent phonon scattering and resulting in as large as a 37% reduction in thermal conductivity beyond the contributions of the thin-film and volume reduction effects. The demonstrated method uses conventional lithography-based technologies that are directly applicable to diverse micro/nano-scale devices, leading to potential performance improvements where heat management is important. C1 [Kim, Bongsang; Janet Nguyen; Clews, Peggy J.; Reinke, Charles M.; El-Kady, Ihab; Olsson, Roy H., III] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Goettler, Drew; Leseman, Zayd C.; El-Kady, Ihab] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Kim, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bonkim@sandia.gov RI El-Kady, Ihab/D-2886-2013 OI El-Kady, Ihab/0000-0001-7417-9814 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi- program laboratory operated by the Sandia Corporation, Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4673-0325-5 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BDE04 UT WOS:000312912800045 ER PT S AU Ziaei-Moayyed, M Resnick, P Draper, B Okandan, M AF Ziaei-Moayyed, M. Resnick, P. Draper, B. Okandan, M. GP IEEE TI RADIAL BULK-MODE VIBRATIONS IN A GATE-ALL-AROUND SILICON NANOWIRE TRANSISTOR SO 2012 IEEE 25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 29-FEB 02, 2012 CL Paris, FRANCE SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc (RA), Reg Nord-Pas Calais AB This paper reports the radial bulk-mode vibrations in a gate-all-around (GAA) silicon nanowire (SiNW) transistor at 25.3GHz, with a quality factor of similar to 850 measured in air. The radial bulk-mode resonance is excited capacitively in the SiNW using the surrounding gate and gate dielectric as the transducer; the output is sensed piezoresistively by modulating the drain current in SiNW. The SiNWs are defined using standard lithography in a top-down front-end CMOS process, which allows for resonators with different frequencies to be fabricated on the same chip. C1 [Ziaei-Moayyed, M.; Resnick, P.; Draper, B.; Okandan, M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ziaei-Moayyed, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mziaeim@sandia.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4673-0325-5 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BDE04 UT WOS:000312912800337 ER PT S AU Bigelow, D Brandt, S Bent, J Chen, HB AF Bigelow, David Brandt, Scott Bent, John Chen, H. B. GP IEEE TI Valmar: High-Bandwidth Real-Time Streaming Data Management SO 2012 IEEE 28TH SYMPOSIUM ON MASS STORAGE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES (MSST) SE IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies Proceedings-MSST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 28th Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST) CY APR 16-20, 2012 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AB In applications ranging from radio telescopes to Internet traffic monitoring, our ability to generate data has outpaced our ability to effectively capture, mine, and manage it. These ultra-high-bandwidth data streams typically contain little useful information and most of the data can be safely discarded. Periodically, however, an event of interest is observed and a large segment of the data must be preserved, including data preceding detection of the event. Doing so requires guaranteed data capture at source rates, line speed filtering to detect events and data points of interest, and TiVo-like ability to save past data once an event has been detected. We present Valmar, a system for guaranteed capture, indexing, and storage of ultra-high-bandwidth data streams. Our results show that Valmar performs at nearly full disk bandwidth, up to several orders of magnitude faster than flat file and database systems, works well with both small and large data elements, and allows concurrent read and search access without compromising data capture guarantees. C1 [Bigelow, David; Brandt, Scott] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bent, John] EMC, Hopkinton, MA USA. [Chen, H. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Bigelow, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM dbigelow@cs.ucsc.edu; scott@cs.ucsc.edu; John.Bent@emc.com; hbchen@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-195X BN 978-1-4673-1747-4 J9 IEEE S MASS STOR SYS PY 2012 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BDC64 UT WOS:000312656000023 ER PT S AU Boboila, S Kim, Y Vazhkudai, SS Desnoyers, P Shipman, GM AF Boboila, Simona Kim, Youngjae Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S. Desnoyers, Peter Shipman, Galen M. GP IEEE TI Active Flash: Out-of-core Data Analytics on Flash Storage SO 2012 IEEE 28TH SYMPOSIUM ON MASS STORAGE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES (MSST) SE IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies Proceedings-MSST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 28th Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST) CY APR 16-20, 2012 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AB Next generation science will increasingly come to rely on the ability to perform efficient, on-the-fly analytics of data generated by high-performance computing (HPC) simulations, modeling complex physical phenomena. Scientific computing workflows are stymied by the traditional chaining of simulation and data analysis, creating multiple rounds of redundant reads and writes to the storage system, which grows in cost with the ever-increasing gap between compute and storage speeds in HPC clusters. Recent HPC acquisitions have introduced compute node-local flash storage as a means to alleviate this I/O bottleneck. We propose a novel approach, Active Flash, to expedite data analysis pipelines by migrating to the location of the data, the flash device itself. We argue that Active Flash has the potential to enable true out-of-core data analytics by freeing up both the compute core and the associated main memory. By performing analysis locally, dependence on limited bandwidth to a central storage system is reduced, while allowing this analysis to proceed in parallel with the main application. In addition, offloading work from the host to the more power-efficient controller reduces peak system power usage, which is already in the megawatt range and poses a major barrier to HPC system scalability. We propose an architecture for Active Flash, explore energy and performance trade-offs in moving computation from host to storage, demonstrate the ability of appropriate embedded controllers to perform data analysis and reduction tasks at speeds sufficient for this application, and present a simulation study of Active Flash scheduling policies. These results show the viability of the Active Flash model, and its capability to potentially have a transformative impact on scientific data analysis. C1 [Boboila, Simona; Desnoyers, Peter] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kim, Youngjae; Vazhkudai, Sudharshan S.; Shipman, Galen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Boboila, S (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM simona@ccs.neu.edu; kimy1@ornl.gov; vazhkudaiss@ornl.gov; pjd@ccs.neu.edu; gshipman@ornl.gov FU ORNL, managed by UT Battelle, LLC for the U. S. DOE [DE- AC0500OR22725]; IBM Faculty Award FX This work was sponsored in part by ORNL, managed by UT Battelle, LLC for the U. S. DOE ( Contract No. DE- AC0500OR22725), and in part by an IBM Faculty Award. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-195X BN 978-1-4673-1747-4 J9 IEEE S MASS STOR SYS PY 2012 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BDC64 UT WOS:000312656000002 ER PT S AU Jung, M Wilson, EH Donofrio, D Shalf, J Kandemir, MT AF Jung, Myoungsoo Wilson, Ellis Herbert, III Donofrio, David Shalf, John Kandemir, Mahmut Taylan GP IEEE TI NANDFlashSim: Intrinsic Latency Variation Aware NAND Flash Memory System Modeling and Simulation at Microarchitecture Level SO 2012 IEEE 28TH SYMPOSIUM ON MASS STORAGE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES (MSST) SE IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies Proceedings-MSST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 28th Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST) CY APR 16-20, 2012 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AB As NAND flash memory becomes popular in diverse areas ranging from embedded systems to high performance computing, exposing and understanding flash memory's performance, energy consumption, and reliability becomes increasingly important. Moreover, with an increasing trend towards multiple-die, multiple-plane architectures and high speed interfaces, high performance NAND flash memory systems are expected to continue to scale. This scaling should further reduce costs and thereby widen proliferation of devices based on the technology. However, when designing NAND flash-based devices, making decisions about the optimal system configuration is non-trivial because NAND flash is sensitive to a large number of parameters, and some parameters exhibit significant latency variations. Such parameters include varying architectures such as multi-die and multi-plane, and a host of factors that affect performance, energy consumption, diverse node technology, and reliability. Unfortunately, there are no public domain tools for high-fidelity, microarchitecture level NAND flash memory simulation in existence to assist with making such decisions. Therefore, we introduce NANDFlashSim; a latency variation-aware, detailed, and highly configurable NAND flash simulation model. NANDFlashSim implements a detailed timing model for operations in sixteen state-of-the-art NAND flash operation mode combinations. In addition, NANDFlashSim models energies and reliability of NAND flash memory based on statistics. From our comprehensive experiments using NANDFlashSim, we found that 1) most read cases were unable to leverage the highly-parallel internal architecture of NAND flash regardless of the NAND flash operation mode, 2) the main source of this performance bottleneck is I/O bus activity, not NAND flash activity itself, 3) multi-level-cell NAND flash provides lower I/O bus resource contention than single-level-cell NAND flash, but the resource contention becomes a serious problem as the number of die increases, and 4) preference to employ many dies rather than to employ many planes promises better performance in disk-friendly real workloads. The simulator can be downloaded from http://www.cse.psu.edu/similar to mqj5086/nfs. C1 [Jung, Myoungsoo; Wilson, Ellis Herbert, III; Kandemir, Mahmut Taylan] Penn State Univ, Dept CSE, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Donofrio, David; Shalf, John] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Lawrence, KS USA. RP Jung, M (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept CSE, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mj@cse.psu.edu; ellis@cse.psu.edu; ddonofrio@lbl.gov; jshalf@lbl.gov; kandemir@cse.psu.edu FU Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC02- 05CH11231] FX We would like to express thanks to Dean Klein ( Micron Technology, Inc.), Seung- hwan Song ( University of Minnesota), and Yulwon Cho ( Stanford University) for technical support/ discussion on NAND flash memory technologies. We are grateful to many anonymous reviewers for their detailed comments which have greatly improved the quality of our paper. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC02- 05CH11231. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-195X BN 978-1-4673-1747-4 J9 IEEE S MASS STOR SYS PY 2012 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BDC64 UT WOS:000312656000025 ER PT S AU Liu, N Cope, J Carns, P Carothers, C Ross, R Grider, G Crume, A Maltzahn, C AF Liu, Ning Cope, Jason Carns, Philip Carothers, Christopher Ross, Robert Grider, Gary Crume, Adam Maltzahn, Carlos GP IEEE TI On the Role of Burst Buffers in Leadership-Class Storage Systems SO 2012 IEEE 28TH SYMPOSIUM ON MASS STORAGE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES (MSST) SE IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies Proceedings-MSST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 28th Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST) CY APR 16-20, 2012 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AB The largest-scale high-performance (HPC) systems are stretching parallel file systems to their limits in terms of aggregate bandwidth and numbers of clients. To further sustain the scalability of these file systems, researchers and HPC storage architects are exploring various storage system designs. One proposed storage system design integrates a tier of solid-state burst buffers into the storage system to absorb application I/O requests. In this paper, we simulate and explore this storage system design for use by large-scale HPC systems. First, we examine application I/O patterns on an existing large-scale HPC system to identify common burst patterns. Next, we describe enhancements to the CODES storage system simulator to enable our burst buffer simulations. These enhancements include the integration of a burst buffer model into the I/O forwarding layer of the simulator, the development of an I/O kernel description language and interpreter, the development of a suite of I/O kernels that are derived from observed I/O patterns, and fidelity improvements to the CODES models. We evaluate the I/O performance for a set of multiapplication I/O workloads and burst buffer configurations. We show that burst buffers can accelerate the application perceived throughput to the external storage system and can reduce the amount of external storage bandwidth required to meet a desired application perceived throughput goal. C1 [Liu, Ning; Carothers, Christopher] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Liu, Ning; Cope, Jason; Carns, Philip; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Grider, Gary] Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Crume, Adam; Maltzahn, Carlos] Univ Calif, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Liu, N (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM liun2@cs.rpi.edu; copej@mcs.anl.gov; carns@mcs.anl.gov; chrisc@cs.rpi.edu; rross@mcs.anl.gov; ggrider@lanl.gov; adamcrume@soe.ucsc.edu; carlosm@soe.ucsc.edu FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computer Research, Office of Science, U. S. Dept. of Energy [DE- AC02- 06CH11357]; LANL/ UCSC Institute for Scalable Scientific Data Management ( ISSDM); Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC02- 06CH11357]; [DE- SC0005428] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computer Research, Office of Science, U. S. Dept. of Energy, under Contract DE- AC02- 06CH11357 and partially by Contract DE- SC0005428 and the LANL/ UCSC Institute for Scalable Scientific Data Management ( ISSDM). This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE- AC02- 06CH11357. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-195X BN 978-1-4673-1747-4 J9 IEEE S MASS STOR SYS PY 2012 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BDC64 UT WOS:000312656000005 ER PT S AU Chen, Y Chen, C Sun, XH Gropp, WD Thakur, R AF Chen, Yong Chen, Chao Sun, Xian-He Gropp, William D. Thakur, Rajeev GP IEEE TI A Decoupled Execution Paradigm for Data-Intensive High-End Computing SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing CY SEP 24-28, 2012 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Tech Comm Scalable Comp (TCSC), Sugon, Intel, Inspur, VMWare, Mellanox, PARATERA, BLSC, LoongStore, Nvidia DE decoupled execution paradigm; high-end computing; data-intensive computing; storage ID ARCHITECTURE; I/O AB High-end computing (HEC) applications in critical areas of science and technology tend to be more and more data intensive. I/O has become a vital performance bottleneck of modern HEC practice. Conventional HEC execution paradigms, however, are computing-centric for computation intensive applications. They are designed to utilize memory and CPU performance and have inherent limitations in addressing the critical I/O bottleneck issues of HEC. In this study, we propose a decoupled execution paradigm (DEP) to address the challenging I/O bottleneck issues. DEP is the first paradigm enabling users to identify and handle data-intensive operations separately. It can significantly reduce costly data movement and is better than the existing execution paradigms for data-intensive applications. The initial experimental tests have confirmed its promising potential. Its data-centric architecture could have an impact in future HEC systems, programming models, and algorithms design and development. C1 [Chen, Yong; Chen, Chao] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Sun, Xian-He] Illinois Inst Technol, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, MA USA. [Gropp, William D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL USA. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM yong.chen@ttu.edu; chao.chen@ttu.edu; sun@iit.edu; wgropp@illinois.edu; thakur@mcs.anl.gov OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 FU National Science Foundation [CNS-1162540, CNS-1162488, CNS-1161507] FX This research is sponsored in part by the National Science Foundation under grant CNS-1162540, CNS-1162488, and CNS-1161507. The authors acknowledge the High Performance Computing Center ( HPCC) at Texas Tech University at Lubbock for providing HPC resources that have contributed to the research results reported within this paper. URL: http:// www. hpcc. ttu. edu. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2012 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1109/CLUSTER.2012.80 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BCW41 UT WOS:000311667500023 ER PT J AU Budiman, AS Shin, H Kim, BJ Hwang, SH Son, HY Suh, MS Chung, QH Byun, KY Joo, YC Caramto, R Smith, L Kunz, M Tamura, N AF Budiman, A. S. Shin, H. Kim, B. -J. Hwang, S. -H. Son, H. -Y. Suh, M. -S. Chung, Q. -H. Byun, K. -Y. Joo, Y. -C. Caramto, R. Smith, L. Kunz, M. Tamura, N. GP IEEE TI Comparison of Mechanical Stresses of Cu Through-Silicon Via (TSV) Samples Fabricated by Hynix vs. SEMATECH using Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction for 3-D Integration and Reliability SO 2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTERCONNECT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (IITC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Interconnect Technology Conference (IITC) CY JUN 04-06, 2012 CL San Jose, CA SP ASM Int, J X Nippon Mining & Metals USA Inc, SAFC Hitech, Air Liquide, BASF, Aetrium, Air Prod, Appl Mat, Inc, Atotech, Enthone, IBM Corp, IMEC, Lam Res, Metryx, Qualitau, Tokyo Electron (TEL), Tosoh SMD, IEEE ID LINES AB One key to enable the successful implementation of 3-D interconnects using Through-Silicon Via (TSV) is the control of the mechanical stresses. The synchrotron-sourced X-ray microdiffraction technique has been recognized to allow some important advantages compared to other techniques. Using this approach, we have studied Cu TSV samples from Hynix, Inc. as well as from SEMATECH and found interesting differences in the stress states of the Cu TSV. We proposed an explanation of the observed differences. This understanding could lead to improved stress control in Cu TSV as well as to reduce the impact to the silicon electron mobility. C1 [Budiman, A. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Shin, H.; Kim, B. -J.; Hwang, S. -H.; Joo, Y. -C.] Seoul Natl Univ SNU, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Son, H. -Y.; Suh, M. -S.; Chung, Q. -H.; Byun, K. -Y.] Hynix Semicond Inc, R& Div, PKG Dev Grp, Seoul, South Korea. [Caramto, R.; Smith, L.] SEMATECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Kunz, M.; Tamura, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab LBNL, Adv Light Source ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Budiman, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM suriadi@alumni.stanford.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-1137-3 PY 2012 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BDC15 UT WOS:000312547500060 ER PT S AU Abhyankar, S Flueck, AJ AF Abhyankar, Shrirang Flueck, Alexander J. GP IEEE TI An Implicitly-Coupled Solution Approach for Combined Electromechanical and Electromagnetic Transients Simulation SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Hybrid simulator; Implicitly-coupled solution approach; Transient stability; Electromagnetic transients ID DYNAMIC-ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS AB This paper presents a novel implicitly-coupled solution approach for the combined electromechanical and electromagnetic transients simulation. Unlike the existing hybrid simulators that use an explicit approach to interface separate transient stability (TS) and electromagnetic transients (EMT) programs, the authors propose combining the equations of the two simulators and solving them simultaneously by an implicit approach. To combine the two sets of equations with their different time steps, and ensure that the TS and EMT solutions are consistent, the equations for TS and coupled-in-time EMT equations are solved simultaneously, referred to as TSEMT simulation. The simulation results for the proposed implicitly-coupled solution approach on the WECC 9-bus system are discussed. Along with the implicitly-coupled solution approach, a novel strategy, referred to as TS3ph-TSEMT, based on difference between the phasor boundary bus voltages of the detailed and external systems is also proposed to terminate the implicitly-coupled TSEMT simulation and continue with only the TS simulation. The computational efficiency of the proposed TS3ph-TSEMT approach is presented for the 9-bus and 118-bus systems. C1 [Abhyankar, Shrirang] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Abhyankar, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM abhyshr@mcs.anl.gov; flueck@iit.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493707014 ER PT S AU Bank, J AF Bank, Jason GP IEEE TI Development of a Distribution Level Data Acquisition System and Preliminary Results SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc AB With the development of smart grids and the deployment of their enabling technologies, improved data acquisition will be needed at the distribution level to understand the full impact of these changes. With this in mind, NREL has developed a high-speed measurement and data collection network targeted specifically at the distribution level. This network is based around adaptable, rugged measurement devices designed for deployment at a variety of low and medium voltage locations below the substation. Each of these devices is capable of real-time data transmission via an internet connection. This paper presents the data collection results and a preliminary data analysis, as well as a brief introduction to some of the distribution level visualization applications that have been developed based on the incoming data streams. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bank, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jason.bank@nrel.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493703092 ER PT S AU Bent, R Toole, GL AF Bent, Russell Toole, G. Loren GP IEEE TI Grid Expansion Planning for Carbon Emissions Reduction SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Carbon Emissions; Generation Expansion Planning; Transmission Network Expansion Planning; Simulation Optimization; Non-linear Optimization; Local Search ID CONSTRUCTIVE HEURISTIC ALGORITHM; LINEAR-PROGRAMMING MODEL; GENERATION; TRANSMISSION; SYSTEM; CRITERIA AB In recent years the grid expansion planning problem has become increasingly complex and challenging. The integration of renewable generation is a source of many of these challenges. These challenges often include a deficiency in transmission capacity in regions with high potential for renewable energy production. Historically, this lack of capacity has had adverse effects such as negative price market conditions or the curtailing of other green generation sources. This paper considers a combined generation and transmission expansion model to avoid the curtailment of existing green generation sources, in other words maximize the realized carbon reduction of adding renewable generation. Recent work on Randomized Constructive Heuristics (RCH) has shown this approach to be quite effective in addressing the Transmission Network Expansion Planning (TNEP) problem. In this paper, we propose a generalization of RCH to handle simultaneous carbon reduction and expansion cost objectives as well as multi-scenario planning. C1 [Bent, Russell] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Energy & Infrastruct Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bent, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Energy & Infrastruct Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705034 ER PT S AU Chassin, DP Kalsi, K AF Chassin, D. P. Kalsi, K. GP IEEE TI Effects of Demand Response on Retail and Wholesale Power Markets SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE economic dispatch; demand response; power system control; load management; load shedding; load modeling; wind power generation AB Demand response has grown to be a part of the repertoire of resources used by utilities to manage the balance between generation and load. In recent years, advances in communications and control technology have enabled utilities to consider continuously controlling demand response to meet generation, rather than the other way around. This paper discusses the economic applications of a general method for load resource analysis that parallels the approach used to analyze generation resources and uses the method to examine the results of the US Department of Energy's Olympic Peninsula Demonstration Testbed. A market-based closed-loop system of controllable assets is discussed with necessary and sufficient conditions on system controllability, observability and stability derived. C1 [Chassin, D. P.; Kalsi, K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chassin, DP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM David.Chassin@pnnl.gov; Karanjit.Kalsi@pnnl.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706114 ER PT S AU Chavarria-Miranda, D Huang, ZY Chen, YS AF Chavarria-Miranda, Daniel Huang, Zhenyu Chen, Yousu GP IEEE TI High-Performance Computing (HPC): Application & Use in the Power Grid SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE High Performance Computing; Parallel Computing; Power Engineering; State Estimation; Contingency Analysis AB The intent of this paper is to present a tutorial overview of high-performance computing (HPC) and its application to solving power system problems. The emphasis is on the trend of multi-core HPC computers and on the need for parallel computing to utilize these computers. Following the introduction of the concept of HPC, several types of HPC hardware and software are presented. HPC programming tools are important to facilitate programming with HPC computers. Different programming tools are introduced, with a specific example of parallel codes. HPC applications to power systems are presented for solving problems of state estimation and contingency analysis using HPC computers. Performance improvement is significant as shown in these applications. Further research and code development are necessary to expand the use of HPC in the power system domain. C1 [Chavarria-Miranda, Daniel; Huang, Zhenyu] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chavarria-Miranda, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM daniel.chavarria@pnnl.gov; zhenyu.huang@pnnl.gov; yousu.chen@pnnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706008 ER PT S AU Coles, G Sadovsky, A Du, PW AF Coles, Garill Sadovsky, Art Du, Pengwei GP IEEE TI Quantifying the Impact of Adverse Events on the Electricity Grid as a Function of Grid Topology SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Grid vulnerability; topological parameters; risk assessment ID SECURITY; SYSTEMS AB Traditional approaches to the study of grid vulnerability have taken an asset based approach, which seeks to identify those assets most likely to result in grid-wide failures or disruptions in the event that they are compromised. We propose an alternative approach to the study of grid vulnerability, one based on the topological structure of the entire grid. We propose a method that will identify topological parameters most closely related to the ability of the grid to withstand an adverse event. We compare these topological parameters in terms of their impact on the vulnerability metric we have defined, referred to as the grid's "survivability". Our approach is motivated by Paul Baran's work on communications networks, which also studied vulnerability in terms of network-wide parameters. Our approach is useful both as a planning model for evaluating proposed changes to a grid and as a risk assessment tool. C1 [Coles, Garill; Sadovsky, Art; Du, Pengwei] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Coles, G (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM Garill.Coles@pnnl.gov; art.sadovsky@pnnl.gov; Pengwei.du@pnnl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706132 ER PT S AU Denholm, P AF Denholm, P. GP IEEE TI Energy Storage to Reduce Renewable Energy Curtailment SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc AB Curtailment of renewable energy generation is an increasing concern in electric power systems. Due to transmission constrains and generator flexibility an increasing fraction of wind generation is curtailed. This decreases the environmental benefits of renewable energy while increasing heir costs. Energy storage is one option to decrease renewable curtailment. This paper discusses how energy storage can be used to increase grid flexibility and reduce curtailment. It is also compared to other options on the flexibility supply curve for integrating variable generation. C1 [Denholm, P.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Denholm, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM paul.denholm@nrel.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705121 ER PT S AU Diao, RS Lu, S Elizondo, M Mayhorn, E Zhang, Y Samaan, N AF Diao, Ruisheng Lu, Shuai Elizondo, Marcelo Mayhorn, Ebony Zhang, Yu Samaan, Nader GP IEEE TI Electric Water Heater Modeling and Control Strategies for Demand Response SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Centralized control; decentralized control; demand response; electrical water heater; smart grid AB Demand response (DR) has a great potential to provide balancing services at normal operating conditions and emergency support when a power system is subject to large disturbances. Effective DR control strategies can help relieve balancing and frequency response burdens on conventional generators in addition to reducing generation and transmission investments needed to meet peak demands. This paper discusses modeling residential electric water heaters (EWH) in households and tests their responses with various control strategies implementing DR. The open-loop response of EWH to a centralized control signal is studied by adjusting temperature settings to provide balancing services; and two types of decentralized controllers are tested to provide frequency support following generator trips. EWH models are included in a simulation platform capable of performing electromechanical simulations, which contains 147 households in a distribution feeder. Simulation results show the effectiveness of EWH responses and its dependence on hot water usage. These results provide insight and suggest the need for control strategies to achieve better performance in demand response implementations. C1 [Diao, Ruisheng; Lu, Shuai; Elizondo, Marcelo; Zhang, Yu; Samaan, Nader] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Diao, RS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM ruisheng.diao@pnnl.gov; shuai.lu@pnnl.gov; marcelo.elizondo@pnnl.gov; emayhorn@tamu.edu; yu.zhang@pnnl.gov; nader.samaan@pnnl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706144 ER PT S AU Diao, RS Samaan, N Makarov, Y Hafen, R Ma, J AF Diao, Ruisheng Samaan, Nader Makarov, Yuri Hafen, Ryan Ma, Jian GP IEEE TI Planning for Variable Generation Integration through Balancing Authorities Consolidation SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Balancing authority; balancing authorities consolidation; cross correlation; wind forecast error; renewable integration; variable generation; wind energy AB As more and more variable generation is integrated into power grids, many challenges and concerns arise for an individual balancing authority (BA) to balance the system with limited flexible generation resources. Consolidating balancing authorities provides a promising method to mitigate these problems by enabling the sharing of balancing resources through operating different BAs as a single BA. The diversity in load and renewable generation over a wide area can be effectively used, which makes it possible to achieve significant savings in balancing requirements. This paper develops a detailed procedure to compute savings in load following and regulation service requirements due to BAs consolidation. It proposes several evaluation metrics for demonstrating the benefits of BA consolidation. Several study scenarios are designed for a set of BAs in the western United States to test the proposed procedure. Results have shown significant savings in the capacity, ramp rate, and energy of balancing service requirements. Important factors affecting the savings, such as forecast accuracy and cross correlation between forecast errors, are also discussed. C1 [Diao, Ruisheng; Samaan, Nader; Makarov, Yuri; Hafen, Ryan; Ma, Jian] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Diao, RS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM ruisheng.diao@pnnl.gov; nader.samaan@pnnl.gov; yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov; ryan.hafen@pnnl.gov; jian.ma@pnnl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493703109 ER PT S AU Duignan, R Dent, CJ Mills, A Samaan, N Milligan, M Keane, A O'Malley, M AF Duignan, Roisin Dent, Chris J. Mills, Andrew Samaan, Nader Milligan, Michael Keane, Andrew O'Malley, Mark GP IEEE TI Capacity Value of Solar Power SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE capacity value; power system operation and planning; solar power ID PHOTOVOLTAICS; CAPABILITY AB Evaluating the capacity value of renewable energy sources can pose significant challenges due to their variable and uncertain nature. In this paper the capacity value of solar power is investigated. Solar capacity value metrics and their associated calculation methodologies are reviewed and several solar capacity studies are summarized. The differences between wind and solar power are examined, the economic importance of solar capacity value is discussed and other assessments and recommendations are presented. C1 [Duignan, Roisin; Keane, Andrew; O'Malley, Mark] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Elect Elect & Commun Engn, Dublin, Ireland. [Dent, Chris J.] Univ Durham, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Durham DH1 3HP, England. [Mills, Andrew] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ectric Markets & Policy Grp, Lawrence, KS USA. [Samaan, Nader] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Adv Power & Energy Syst Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Milligan, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO USA. RP Duignan, R (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Elect Elect & Commun Engn, Dublin, Ireland. EM roisin.duignan@ucd.ie; chris.dent@durham.ac.uk; admills@lbl.gov; nader.samaan@pnnl.gov; Michael.milligan@nrel.gov; andrew.keane@ucd.ie; mark.omalley@ucd.ie RI Mills, Andrew/B-3469-2016 OI Mills, Andrew/0000-0002-9065-0458 FU EPSRC [EP/K03832X/, EP/K036211/1]; EPRI; NSF [1243482] FX The authors acknowledge valuable discussions with colleagues at their institutions and with other members of the task force, and thank A. Mills for help with references on utility studies. The participation of A.L. Wilson, S. Zachary and C.J. Dent was supported by EPSRC grants EP/K03832X/1 and EP/K036211/1, and by EPRI. The work of C. Bothwell was in part supported by NSF grant OISE 1243482 (WINDINSPIRE). NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705100 ER PT S AU Ela, E Kirby, B Navid, N Smith, JC AF Ela, Erik Kirby, Brendan Navid, Nivad Smith, J. Charles GP IEEE TI Effective Ancillary Services Market Designs on High Wind Power Penetration Systems SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE ancillary services; frequency response; market operations; operating reserves; power system operations; voltage support; wind integration; wind power AB Ancillary services markets have been developed in many of the restructured power system regions throughout the world. Ancillary services include the services that support the provision of energy to support power system reliability. The ancillary services markets are tied tightly to the design of the energy market and to the physics of the system and therefore careful consideration of power system economics and engineering must be considered in their design. This paper focuses on how the ancillary service market designs are implemented and how they may require changes on systems with greater penetrations of variable renewable energy suppliers, in particular wind power. C1 [Ela, Erik] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Grid Integrat Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ela, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Grid Integrat Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM erik.ela@nrel.gov; kirbybj@ieee.org; nnavid@midwestiso.org; Charlie@uwig.org NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705033 ER PT S AU Ellis, A Nelson, R Von Engeln, E Walling, R MacDowell, J Casey, L Seymour, E Peter, W Barker, C Kirby, B Williams, JR AF Ellis, A. Nelson, R. Von Engeln, E. Walling, R. MacDowell, J. Casey, L. Seymour, E. Peter, W. Barker, C. Kirby, B. Williams, J. R. GP IEEE TI Reactive Power Performance Requirements for Wind and Solar Plants SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE interconnection requirements; reactive power; solar; variable generation; voltage regulation; wind AB A current challenge faced by the electric utility industry is to determine how variable generation plants (wind and solar) should contribute to the reliable operation of the electric grid, especially as penetration of these resources continues its upward trend. Traditionally, bulk system voltage regulation has predominately been supplied by synchronous generators, and this is reflected in the language of industry requirements. Where variable generation is concerned the requirements are vague and unclear. The technology used in variable generation plants are capable of providing voltage support, but will require a shift from how these plants are traditionally operated. This paper discusses the capability of wind and solar plants to provide voltage regulation. It also examines the deficiencies in existing standards and provides recommendations to improve upon existing requirements in order to clearly define the role of variable generation in providing voltage support to the bulk electric grid. C1 [Ellis, A.] Sandia Natl Labs, PV Grid Integrat Program Area, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ellis, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, PV Grid Integrat Program Area, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kirbybj@ieee.org NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706080 ER PT S AU Ellis, A Nelson, R Von Engeln, E Walling, R MacDowell, J Casey, L Seymour, E Peter, W Barker, C Kirby, B Williams, JR AF Ellis, A. Nelson, R. Von Engeln, E. Walling, R. MacDowell, J. Casey, L. Seymour, E. Peter, W. Barker, C. Kirby, B. Williams, J. R. GP IEEE TI Review of Existing Reactive Power Requirements for Variable Generation SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Interconnection Requirements; reactive power; solar plant; variable generation; voltage regulation; wind plant AB In order to reliably operate the bulk electric grid generators are expected to meet certain reactive power requirements depending on the system they operate in. In the past reactive power requirements were tailored to the capabilities of synchronous generators. Variable generators such as wind and solar plants were in the past small enough relative to the entire system that they were not required to supply voltage support to the grid. As the penetration of renewable resources have grown beyond insignificance, it is now the trend that variable generators connected to transmission and sub-transmission grids should be required to provide reactive power support. The goal of this paper is to educate the reader on the current state of reactive power requirements for variable generation. This paper discusses reactive power requirements from various regions across the world with a focus on those in North America. C1 [Ellis, A.; Williams, J. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ellis, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kirbybj@ieee.org NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706067 ER PT S AU Epperly, T Edmunds, T Lamont, A Meyers, C Smith, S Yao, YM Drayton, G AF Epperly, Thomas Edmunds, Thomas Lamont, Alan Meyers, Carol Smith, Steven Yao, Yiming Drayton, Glenn GP IEEE TI High-Performance Computing for Electric Grid Planning and Operations SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Supercomputers; parallel machines; power generation planning; photovoltaic systems; wind power generation AB High-performance computing (HPC) is having a profound impact on scientific discovery and engineering in a variety of areas, and researchers are beginning to demonstrate how HPC can impact problems in energy grid planning and operations. Contemporary supercomputers can perform over 10(15) floating point operations per second and have more than 1.4 petabytes of memory - roughly 5 orders of magnitude greater than a commodity PC workstation. This level of computing power changes the very nature of problems that can be solved. Researchers at LLNL have used HPC systems to accelerate execution of a renewables planning study, by solving a thousand unit commitment and dispatch problems in parallel; this generated new insights and allowed for a more detailed study than would have been otherwise achievable. Ongoing work at LLNL includes the development and testing of new parallel algorithms for unit commitment problems, including multi-scenario stochastic unit commitment. These algorithms will enable greater grid and time resolution and provide more accurate solutions because of the increase in model fidelity. C1 [Epperly, Thomas; Edmunds, Thomas; Lamont, Alan; Meyers, Carol; Smith, Steven; Yao, Yiming] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Epperly, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM epperly2@llnl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493703089 ER PT S AU Eto, JH LaCommare, KH AF Eto, Joseph H. LaCommare, Kristina Hamachi GP IEEE TI A Quantitative Assessment of Utility Reporting Practices for Reporting Electric Power Distribution Events SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Distribution system; power distribution reliability; reliability indices AB Metrics for reliability, such as the frequency and duration of power interruptions, have been reported by electric utilities for many years. This study examines current utility practices for collecting and reporting electricity reliability information and discusses challenges that arise in assessing reliability because of differences among these practices. The study is based on reliability information for year 2006 reported by 123 utilities in 37 states representing over 60% of total U. S. electricity sales. We quantify the effects that inconsistencies among current utility reporting practices have on comparisons of System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) reported by utilities. We recommend immediate adoption of IEEE Std. 1366-2003 as a consistent method for measuring and reporting reliability statistics. C1 [Eto, Joseph H.; LaCommare, Kristina Hamachi] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Eto, JH (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JHEto@lbl.gov; KSHamachi@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493700111 ER PT S AU Fan, N Chen, R Watson, JP AF Fan, Neng Chen, Richard Watson, Jean-Paul GP IEEE TI N-1-1 Contingency-Constrained Optimal Power Flow by Interdiction Methods SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE N-1-1 contingency analysis; optimal power flow; power flow interdiction; mixed integer programming ID GRIDS AB N-1-1 contingency analysis considers the consecutive loss of two elements in a power system, with intervening time for operator adjustments; the associated reliability criterion was recently included in the NERC Standard TPL-001-1. In this paper, we introduce optimization models for N-1-1 contingency analysis, based on DC optimal power flow considerations. We use mixed-integer programming approaches to optimally model the system adjustments required to avoid potential cascading outages during the primary and secondary contingencies. Contingencies are determined via worst-case interdiction analysis. To facilitate operation during the secondary contingency, line overloads and load shedding are allowed. We test our models and algorithms on several IEEE test systems. Our computational experiments indicate potential for the models to augment comprehensive system operations models, such as unit commitment. C1 [Fan, Neng; Watson, Jean-Paul] Sandia Natl Labs, Discrete Math & Complex Syst Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Fan, N (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Discrete Math & Complex Syst Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM nnfan@sandia.gov; rlchen@sandia.gov; jwatson@sandia.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493707062 ER PT S AU Ferryman, T Haglin, D Vlachopoulou, M Yin, J Shen, C Tuffner, F Lin, G Zhou, N Tong, JZ AF Ferryman, Tom Haglin, David Vlachopoulou, Maria Yin, Jian Shen, Chao Tuffner, Frank Lin, Guang Zhou, Ning Tong, Jianzhong GP IEEE TI Net Interchange Schedule Forecasting of Electric Power Exchange for RTO/ISOs SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE power grid operations; net interchange schedule; forecasting; prediction AB Neighboring regional transmission organizations (RTO) and independent system operators (ISOs) exchange electric power to enable efficient and reliable operation of the grid. Net interchange (NI) schedule is the sum of the transactions (in MW) between an RTO/ISO and its neighbors. Effective forecasting of the amount of actual NI can improve grid operation efficiency and avoid the volatility of the energy markets due to changes of NI schedules. This paper presents results of a preliminary investigation into various methods of prediction that may result in improved prediction accuracy. The methods studied are linear regression, forward regression, stepwise regression, and support vector machine (SVM) regression. The effectiveness of these methods is compared using the 64 weeks of field measurement data from PJM. The objective is to explore the effectiveness of the prediction methods under different scenarios. C1 [Ferryman, Tom] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Stat & Sensor Analyt Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ferryman, T (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Stat & Sensor Analyt Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493701065 ER PT S AU Gevorgian, V Singh, M Muljadi, E AF Gevorgian, V. Singh, M. Muljadi, E. GP IEEE TI Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Fault Currents of a Wind Power Plant SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Fault contribution; induction generator; protection; short circuit; wind power plant; wind turbine AB The size of wind power plants (WPPs) keeps getting bigger and bigger. The number of wind plants in the U.S. has increased very rapidly in the past 10 years. It is projected that in the U.S., the total wind power generation will reach 330 GW by 2030. As the importance of WPPs increases, planning engineers must perform impact studies used to evaluate short-circuit current (SCC) contribution of the plant into the transmission network under different fault conditions. This information is needed to size the circuit breakers, to establish the proper system protection, and to choose the transient suppressor in the circuits within the WPP. This task can be challenging to protection engineers due to the topology differences between different types of wind turbine generators (WTGs) and the conventional generating units. This paper investigates the short-circuit behavior of a WPP for different types of wind turbines. Both symmetrical faults and unsymmetrical faults are investigated. Three different software packages are utilized to develop this paper. Time domain simulations and steady-state calculations are used to perform the analysis. C1 [Gevorgian, V.; Singh, M.; Muljadi, E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gevorgian, V (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM vahan.gevorgian@nrel.gov; mohit.singh@nrel.gov; eduard.muljadi@nrel.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705042 ER PT S AU Giacomoni, AM Goldsmith, SY Amin, SM Wollenberg, BF AF Giacomoni, Anthony M. Goldsmith, Steven Y. Amin, S. Massoud Wollenberg, Bruce F. GP IEEE TI Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation of Autonomous Microgrids with a High Penetration of Renewables SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Distributed Energy Resources; Microgrids; Monte Carlo Simulations; Power Systems; Smart Grids AB Autonomous microgrids are operated and coordinated by intelligent automatic controls without any reliance on human intervention. In this paper, a simulation framework utilizing sequential Monte Carlo simulations is developed to investigate the performance of autonomous microgrids that have the ability to interconnect to achieve adequate load service. Detailed models of the various microgrid components and interconnection policies implemented are provided. In order to minimize the exposure of each microgrid to vulnerabilities, it is also desired that the number of interconnections be minimal. Using the developed framework, various simulation scenarios are explored. Results show the impact of storage capacity, intermittent distributed energy resources (DERs), and the ability to interconnect occasionally with other microgrids on each microgrid's security and reliability as measured using standard risk indices. C1 [Giacomoni, Anthony M.; Amin, S. Massoud; Wollenberg, Bruce F.] Univ Minnesota, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Goldsmith, Steven Y.; Amin, S. Massoud] Univ Minnesota, Technol Leadership Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Goldsmith, Steven Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Informat Syst Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Giacomoni, AM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM giaco013@umn.edu; golds170@umn.edu; amin@umn.edu; wollenbe@umn.edu FU Sandia National Laboratories under Grand Challenge LDRD [11-0268]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by Sandia National Laboratories under Grand Challenge LDRD number 11-0268. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493700025 ER PT S AU Giani, A Bent, R Hinrichs, M McQueen, M Poolla, K AF Giani, Annarita Bent, Russell Hinrichs, Mark McQueen, Miles Poolla, Kameshwar GP IEEE TI Metrics for Assessment of Smart Grid Data Integrity Attacks SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc ID STATE ESTIMATION AB There is an emerging consensus that the nation's electricity grid is vulnerable to cyber attacks. This vulnerability arises from the increasing reliance on using remote measurements, transmitting them over legacy data networks to system operators who make critical decisions based on available data. Data integrity attacks are a class of cyber attacks that involve a compromise of information that is processed by the grid operator. This information can include meter readings of injected power at remote generators, power flows on transmission lines, and relay states. These data integrity attacks have consequences only when the system operator responds to compromised data by re-dispatching generation under normal or contingency protocols. These consequences include (a) financial losses from sub-optimal economic dispatch to service loads, (b) robustness/resiliency losses from placing the grid at operating points that are at greater risk from contingencies, and (c) systemic losses resulting from cascading failures induced by poor operational choices. This paper is focussed on understanding the connections between grid operational procedures and cyber attacks. We first offer an example to illustrate how data integrity attacks can cause economic and physical damage by misleading operators into taking inappropriate decisions. We then focus on unobservable data integrity attacks involving power meter data. These are coordinated attacks where the compromised data is consistent with the physics of power flow, and is therefore passed by any bad data detection algorithm. We develop metrics to assess the economic impact of these attacks under operator re-dispatch decisions using optimal power flow methods. These metrics can be used to prioritize the adoption of appropriate countermeasures including PMU placement, encryption, hardware upgrades, and advanced detection algorithms. C1 [Giani, Annarita] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Giani, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705138 ER PT S AU Ibanez, E Milligan, M AF Ibanez, Eduardo Milligan, Michael GP IEEE TI Impact of Transmission on Resource Adequacy in Systems with Wind and Solar Power SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Power transmission; power systems reliability; probability; solar energy; wind energy AB Variable generation is on track to become a significant contributor to electric power systems worldwide. Thus, it is important to analyze the effect that renewables will have on the reliability of systems. In this paper we present a new tool being implemented at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which allows the inclusion of variable generation in the power system resource adequacy. The tool is used to quantify a first estimate of the potential contribution of transmission to reliability in highly interconnected systems and an example is provided using the Western Interconnection footprint. C1 [Ibanez, Eduardo; Milligan, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ibanez, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM eduardo.ibanez@nrel.gov; michael.milligan@nrel.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493700036 ER PT S AU Jin, SS Chen, YS Rice, M Liu, Y Gorton, I AF Jin, Shuangshuang Chen, Yousu Rice, Mark Liu, Yan Gorton, Ian GP IEEE TI A Testbed for Deploying Distributed State Estimation in Power Grid SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE high performance computing; distributed state estimation; distributed systems; power grid AB With the increasing demand, scale, and data information of power systems, fast distributed applications are becoming more important in power system operation and control. This paper proposes a testbed for evaluating power system distributed applications, considering data exchange among distributed areas. A high-performance computing (HPC) version of distributed state estimation is implemented and used as an example distributed application. The IEEE 118-bus system is used to deploy the parallel distributed state estimation, and the MeDICi middleware is used for data communication. The performance of the testbed demonstrates its capability to evaluate parallel distributed state estimation by leveraging the HPC paradigm. This testbed can also be applied to evaluate other distributed applications. C1 [Jin, Shuangshuang; Chen, Yousu] Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Rice, Mark; Liu, Yan; Gorton, Ian] Battelle Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Jin, SS (reprint author), Battelle Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM shuangshuang.jin@pnl.gov; yousu.chen@pnl.gov; mark.rice@pnl.gov; yan.liu@pnl.gov; ian.gorton@pnl.gov FU Future Power Grid Initiative; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) FX This work is supported in by the Future Power Grid Initiative funded bY the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705127 ER PT S AU Jun, M Markel, AJ AF Jun, Myungsoo Markel, Anthony J. GP IEEE TI Simulation and Analysis of Vehicle-to-Grid Operations in Microgrid SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc AB Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is gaining interests as means to provide reliability for power to the grid with the ability to supply power from energy storage in the vehicle. This paper presents simulation results of V2G operations in a microgrid for evaluation of reliability of the grid. It also proposes a charging and discharging control method based on the current load and battery status to relieve power load during peak hours and smooth out the load profile. Simulations are performed under both normal and "islanded" operation, i.e., disconnected from the utility grid. The results are significant in that V2G operations contribute to energy reliability on the site during emergency and cost savings in electricity bills and fuels for generators by reducing peak load. C1 [Jun, Myungsoo; Markel, Anthony J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Transportat Technol & Syst, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Jun, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Transportat Technol & Syst, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706101 ER PT S AU Kalsi, K Elbert, S Vlachopoulou, M Zhou, N Huang, ZY AF Kalsi, Karanjit Elbert, Stephen Vlachopoulou, Maria Zhou, Ning Huang, Zhenyu GP IEEE TI Advanced Computational Methods for Security Constrained Financial Transmission Rights SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Financial Transmission Rights; Linear programming; CPLEX; dynamic system ID PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS; NEURAL-NETWORKS; AUCTION AB Financial Transmission Rights (FTRs) are financial insurance tools to help power market participants reduce price risks associated with transmission congestion. FTRs are issued based on a process of solving a constrained optimization problem with the objective to maximize the FTR social welfare under power flow security constraints. Security constraints for different FTR categories (monthly, seasonal or annual) are usually coupled and the number of constraints increases exponentially with the number of categories. Commercial software for FTR calculation can only provide limited categories of FTRs due to the inherent computational challenges mentioned above. In this paper, first an innovative mathematical reformulation of the FTR problem is presented, which dramatically improves the computational efficiency of optimization problem. After having re-formulated the problem, a novel non-linear dynamic system (NDS) approach is proposed to solve the optimization problem. The new formulation and performance of the NDS solver is benchmarked against widely used linear programming (LP) solvers like CPLEX (TM). Tests are performed on both standard IEEE test systems and large-scale systems using data from the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC). The NDS is demonstrated to be comparable, and in many cases outperforms the widely used CPLEX algorithms. The proposed formulation and NDS based solver are easily parallelizable, enabling further computational improvement. C1 [Kalsi, Karanjit; Elbert, Stephen; Vlachopoulou, Maria; Zhou, Ning; Huang, Zhenyu] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Kalsi, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RI Elbert, Stephen/F-9019-2016 OI Elbert, Stephen/0000-0003-2258-8901 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706089 ER PT S AU Kalsi, K Du, PW Huang, ZY AF Kalsi, Karanjit Du, Pengwei Huang, Zhenyu GP IEEE TI Model Calibration of Exciter and PSS Using Extended Kalman Filter SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Model Calibration; Extended Kalman Filter; Exciter & PSS; WECC ID VALIDATION AB Power system modeling and controls continue to become more complex with the advent of smart grid technologies and large-scale deployment of renewable energy resources. As demonstrated in recent studies, inaccurate system models could lead to large-scale blackouts, thereby motivating the need for model calibration. Current methods of model calibration rely on manual tuning based on engineering experience, are time consuming, and could yield inaccurate parameter estimates. In this paper, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used as a tool to calibrate exciter and power system stabilizer (PSS) models of a particular type of machine in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC). The EKF-based parameter estimation is a recursive prediction-correction process, which uses the mismatch between simulation and measurement to adjust the model parameters at every time step. Numerical simulations using actual field test data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in calibrating the parameters. C1 [Kalsi, Karanjit; Du, Pengwei; Huang, Zhenyu] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Kalsi, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706072 ER PT S AU Lentine, AL Ford, JR Finn, JR Furrer, CT Bryan, JR Gonzalez, S Spires, SV Goldsmith, SY AF Lentine, Anthony L. Ford, Justin R. Finn, Jason R. Furrer, Clint T., III Bryan, Jon R. Gonzalez, Sigifredo Spires, Shannon V. Goldsmith, Steven Y. GP IEEE TI An intelligent electrical outlet for autonomous load control for electric power grids with a large percentage of renewable resources SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Smart grids; Load management; Intelligent actuators; Intelligent systems; Cooperative systems; Smart homes; Green buildings AB We describe an experimental intelligent electrical outlet that is capable of autonomously controlling loads in a smart grid or micro-grid environment without a centralized computer. The outlet comprises four receptacles, each with voltage sensing, current sensing, actuation, a CPU for implementing closed loop control, and an Ethernet bridge for communicating with other outlets and for transmitting data to a collection PC. The outlet can measure the direction of power flow, and the real and reactive components to power. We demonstrate multiple outlets adapting the collective load to the available supply from one and two photovoltaic inverter sources, responding to changes in similar to 100ms intervals. C1 [Lentine, Anthony L.; Ford, Justin R.; Finn, Jason R.; Furrer, Clint T., III; Bryan, Jon R.; Gonzalez, Sigifredo; Spires, Shannon V.; Goldsmith, Steven Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lentine, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM alentine@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705109 ER PT S AU Lew, D Brinkman, G Kumar, N Besuner, P Agan, D Lefton, S AF Lew, D. Brinkman, G. Kumar, N. Besuner, P. Agan, D. Lefton, S. GP IEEE TI Impacts of Wind and Solar on Emissions and Wear and Tear of Fossil-Fueled Generators SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE carbon dioxide; coal; cycling; emissions; gas; load following; nitrogen oxide; ramping; solar; sulfur dioxide; wear and tear; wind ID POWER AB High penetrations of wind and solar power will impact the operations of the conventional generators on the power system. Regional integration studies have shown that wind and solar may cause fossil-fueled generators to cycle on and off and load follow more frequently and potentially more rapidly. Increased cycling, deeper load following, and rapid ramping may result in wear and tear impacts on fossil-fueled generators that lead to increased capital and maintenance costs, increased equivalent forced outage rates, and degraded performance over time. Heat rates and emissions from fossil-fueled generators may be higher during cycling and ramping than during steady-state operation. Many wind and solar integration studies have not taken these increased cost and emissions impacts into account because data have not been available. This analysis considers the cost and emissions impacts of cycling and ramping of fossil-fueled generation to refine assessments of wind and solar impacts on the power system. C1 [Lew, D.; Brinkman, G.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kumar, N.; Besuner, P.; Agan, D.; Lefton, S.] Intertek APTECH, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. RP Lew, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM debra.lew@nrel.gov; greg.brinkman@nrel.gov; nikhil.kumar@intertek.com; nadreckl2@yahoo.com; dwight.agan@intertek.com; steve.lefton@intertek.com FU U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency FX This work was supported in part by the U. S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's wind and solar programs and the Office of Electricity. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493700046 ER PT S AU Li, HJ Xu, Y Adhikari, S Rizy, DT Li, FX Irminger, P AF Li, Huijuan Xu, Yan Adhikari, Sarina Rizy, D. Tom Li, Fangxing Irminger, Philip GP IEEE TI Real and Reactive Power Control of a Three-Phase Single-Stage PV System and PV Voltage Stability SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE photovoltaic (PV) systems; maximum power point tracking (MPPT); DC voltage stability; distributed energy resources; single-stage PV inverter; smart inverter control; real power control; voltage control; reactive power; microgrid; smart grid ID POINT TRACKING; SIMULATION AB Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems with power electronic interfaces can provide both real and reactive power to meet power system needs with appropriate control algorithms. This paper presents the control algorithm design for a three-phase single-stage grid-connected PV inverter to achieve either maximum power point tracking (MPPT) or a certain amount of real power injection, as well as the voltage/var control. The switching between MPPT control mode and a certain amount of real power control mode is automatic and seamless. Without the DC-to-DC booster stage, PV DC voltage stability is an important issue in the control design especially when the PV inverter is operating at maximum power point (MPP) with voltage/var control. The PV DC voltage collapse phenomenon and its reason are discussed. The method based on dynamic correction of the PV inverter output is proposed to ensure PV DC voltage stability. Simulation results of the single-stage PV system during system disturbances and fast solar irradiation changes confirm that the proposed control algorithm for single-stage PV inverters can provide appropriate real and reactive power services and ensure PV DC voltage stability during dynamic system operation and atmospheric conditions. C1 [Li, Huijuan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, ORAU, Postdoctoral Res Associates Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Xu, Yan; Rizy, D. Tom] Power & Energy Syst Grp OGNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Adhikari, Sarina; Li, Fangxing] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Li, HJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, ORAU, Postdoctoral Res Associates Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lih3@ornl.gov RI Li, Fangxing/E-6023-2013 OI Li, Fangxing/0000-0003-1060-7618 FU UT- Battelle; LLC [DE- AC05- 00OR22725]; U. S. Department of Energy FX This manuscript has been authored by UT- Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE- AC05- 00OR22725 with the U. S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid- up, irrevocable, world- wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493700044 ER PT S AU Lu, N Du, PW Greitzer, FL Guo, XX Hohimer, RE Pomiak, YG AF Lu, Ning Du, Pengwei Greitzer, Frank L. Guo, Xinxin Hohimer, Ryan E. Pomiak, Yekaterina G. GP IEEE TI A Multi-layer, Data-driven Advanced Reasoning Tool for Intelligent Data Mining and Analysis for Smart Grids SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE advanced metering infrastructure; data-driven models; data mining; distribution; energy management systems; information management; meter data management; smart grid; smart alarm; smart meter AB This paper presents the multi-layer, data-driven advanced reasoning tool (M-DART), a proof-of-principle decision support tool for improved power system operation. M-DART will cross-correlate and examine different data sources to assess anomalies, infer root causes, and anneal data into actionable information. By performing higher-level reasoning "triage" of diverse data sources, M-DART focuses on early detection of emerging power system events and identifies highest priority actions for the human decision maker. M-DART represents a significant advancement over today's grid monitoring technologies that apply offline analyses to derive model-based guidelines for online real-time operations and use isolated data processing mechanisms focusing on individual data domains. The development of the M-DART will bridge these gaps by reasoning about results obtained from multiple data sources that are enabled by the smart grid infrastructure. This hybrid approach integrates a knowledge base that is trained offline but tuned online to capture model-based relationships while revealing complex causal relationships among data from different domains. C1 [Lu, Ning; Du, Pengwei; Greitzer, Frank L.; Guo, Xinxin; Hohimer, Ryan E.; Pomiak, Yekaterina G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lu, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ning.lu@pnnl.gov; Pengwei.du@pnnl.gov; frank.greitzaer@pnnl.gov; xinxin.guo@pnnl.gov; Ryan.Hohimer@pnnl.gov; Yekaterina.Pomiak@pnnl.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493704028 ER PT S AU Lu, N Du, PW Makarov, YV AF Lu, Ning Du, Pengwei Makarov, Yuri V. GP IEEE TI The Potential of Thermostatically Controlled Appliances for Intra-hour Energy Storage Applications SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE demand response; direct load control; air conditioning; water heater; thermostatically controlled appliances; regulation service; load following; ancillary service; wind integration ID LOAD CONTROL; SYSTEM AB This paper investigates the potential of providing a variety of energy storage services by directly control the thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs) from a centralized controller. Dispatch algorithms for the controller to arrange the turn-on and turn-off time and duration of individual TCAs are presented. The control goal is to operate each TCA within the customer-desired temperature range and maintain the TCA load diversity, and make the aggregated TCA load at the target load level. Methods to minimize the communication needs by reducing the monitoring and control data flows between the central controller and the end devices are also discussed. A thousand space heating units are modeled to demonstrate the control algorithms to provide load shifting and load balancing services for a period of 24 hours. The results demonstrate that the energy and ancillary services provided by the TCA loads meet the performance requirements and can become a major source of revenue for load-serving entities where the two-way communication smart grid infrastructure enables direct load control over the TCA loads. C1 [Lu, Ning] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lu, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ning.lu@pnnl.gov; Pengwei.du@pnnl.gov; yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493703097 ER PT S AU Ma, J Lu, S Etingov, PV Makarov, YV AF Ma, Jian Lu, Shuai Etingov, Pavel V. Makarov, Yuri V. GP IEEE TI Evaluating the Impact of Solar Generation on Balancing Requirements in Southern Nevada System SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Ancillary services; balancing requirements; load following; regulation; renewables integration; swinging door algorithm AB In this paper, the impacts of solar photovoltaic (PV) generation on balancing requirements including regulation and load following in the Southern Nevada balancing area are analyzed. The methodology is based on the "swinging door" algorithm and a probability box method developed by PNNL. The regulation and load following signals are mimicking the system's scheduling and real-time dispatch processes. Load, solar PV generation and distributed PV generation (DG) data are used in the simulation. Different levels of solar PV generation and DG penetration profiles are used in the study. Sensitivity of the regulation requirements with respect to real-time solar PV generation forecast errors is analyzed. C1 [Ma, Jian; Lu, Shuai; Etingov, Pavel V.; Makarov, Yuri V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ma, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jian.ma@pnnl.gov; shuai.lu@pnnl.gov; pavel.etingov@pnnl.gov; yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493700093 ER PT S AU Makarov, YV Etingov, PV Samaan, NA Lu, N Ma, J Subbarao, K Du, PW Kannberg, LD AF Makarov, Yuri V. Etingov, Pavel V. Samaan, Nader A. Lu, Ning Ma, Jian Subbarao, Krishnappa Du, Pengwei Kannberg, Landis D. GP IEEE TI Improving Performance of Power Systems with Large-scale Variable Generation Additions SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Variable generation; flexibility; operating reserves; and balancing process ID UNIT COMMITMENT; WIND POWER AB A power system with large-scale renewable resources, like wind and solar generation, creates significant challenges to system control performance and reliability characteristics because of intermittency and uncertainties associated with variable generation. It is important to quantify these uncertainties, and then incorporate this information into decision-making processes and power system operations. This paper presents three approaches to evaluate the flexibility needed from conventional generators and other resources in the presence of variable generation as well as provide this flexibility from a non-traditional resource - wide area energy storage system. These approaches provide operators with much-needed information on the likelihood and magnitude of ramping and capacity problems, and the ability to dispatch available resources in response to such problems. C1 [Makarov, Yuri V.; Etingov, Pavel V.; Samaan, Nader A.; Lu, Ning; Ma, Jian; Subbarao, Krishnappa; Du, Pengwei; Kannberg, Landis D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Makarov, YV (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705101 ER PT S AU Marnay, C DeForest, N Lai, J AF Marnay, Chris DeForest, Nicholas Lai, Judy GP IEEE TI A Green Prison: The Santa Rita Jail Campus Microgrid SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE buildings; cogeneration; dispersed storage and generation; microgrids; PV; fuel cells; power quality; power system economics; energy efficiency C1 [Marnay, Chris] Berkeley Lab, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marnay, C (reprint author), Berkeley Lab, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM C_Marnay@LBL.gov; NDeForest@LBL.gov; JLai@LBL.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493704081 ER PT S AU Mather, BA AF Mather, Barry A. GP IEEE TI Quasi-Static Time-Series Test Feeder for PV Integration Analysis on Distribution Systems SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE 34 node test feeder; quasi-static time-series analysis; power flow; voltage regulator operation simulation; PV integration; distribution system impacts AB This paper presents a quasi-static time-series test feeder based on the well-known 34 node test feeder [1]. This test feeder is useful for the evaluation and quantification the distribution system impacts of distributed PV integrations. The load profiles and solar resource profiles used are both publically available. The quasi-static time-series test feeder has been developed using data for the year 2010. The fixed time period between power flow solutions is 1 min making the presented quasi-static time-series test feeder appropriate for use in investigating voltage regulation device operations. A load allocation algorithm is also proposed for assigning spot and distributed loads in the 34 node test feeder to time varying load profiles based on rate class load profiles. A simple model for modeling the real AC power output of a PV system based on discrete global horizontal irradiance (GHI) is also presented. The results of analysis completed using the quasi-static time-series test feeder are shown for various single-site 1MW PV deployment scenarios and voltage regulator compensation settings. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Distributed Energy Syst Integrat DESI Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mather, BA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Distributed Energy Syst Integrat DESI Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM barry.mather@nrel.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705086 ER PT S AU Mattix, SR Donnelly, MK Trudnowski, DJ Dagle, JE AF Mattix, Shea R. Donnelly, Matthew K. Trudnowski, Daniel J. Dagle, Jeffrey E. GP IEEE TI Autonomous Demand Response for Frequency Regulation on a Large-Scale Model of an Interconnected Grid SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Power system control; smart grids; load management; power system dynamics; power system planning AB This research examines the use of autonomous demand response to provide primary frequency control in an interconnected grid. The work builds on previous studies in several key areas: it uses a large realistic model; it establishes a set of metrics which can be used to assess the effectiveness of autonomous demand response; and it independently adjusts various parameters associated with using autonomous demand response to assess effectiveness and to examine possible threats or vulnerabilities associated with the technology. More than 6,000 simulations of the power system model were conducted during the course of the study. The studies demonstrated that very few conditions associated with autonomous demand response have the potential to degrade reliability, and that the marginal benefit attributable to autonomous demand response is quantifiable and can be used to determine the value of the technology, as compared to traditional means, for providing primary frequency control. C1 [Mattix, Shea R.; Donnelly, Matthew K.; Trudnowski, Daniel J.] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Dept Elect Engn, Butte, MT 59701 USA. [Dagle, Jeffrey E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mattix, SR (reprint author), Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Dept Elect Engn, Butte, MT 59701 USA. EM srmattix@mtech.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493702122 ER PT S AU Meng, D Zhou, N Lu, S Lin, G AF Meng, Da Zhou, Ning Lu, Shuai Lin, Guang GP IEEE TI Estimate the Electromechanical States Using Particle Filtering and Smoothing SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Auxiliary Particle Filter; Importance Sampling; Non-Gaussian State Space Model; Particle Filtering; Particle Smoothing; Sequential Monte Carlo Methods; State Estimation ID POWER-SYSTEMS AB Accurate knowledge of electromechanical states is critical for efficient and reliable control of a power system. This paper proposes a particle filtering approach to estimate the electromechanical states of power systems from Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data. Without having to go through a laborious linearization procedure, the proposed particle filtering techniques can estimate states of a complex power system, which is often non-linear and has non-Gaussian noise. The proposed method is evaluated using a multi-machine system and its responses. Sensitivity studies of the dynamic state estimation performance are also presented to show the robustness of the proposed method. A promising path forward for the application of the proposed method is to reduce computational time through efficient parallel implementation owing to the inherent decoupling properties of particle filtering. C1 [Meng, Da; Zhou, Ning; Lu, Shuai; Lin, Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Meng, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM da.meng@pnnl.gov; ning.zhou@pnnl.gov; Shuai.lu@pnnl.gov; guang.lin@pnnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705111 ER PT S AU Milligan, M Holttinen, H Soder, L Clark, C AF Milligan, Michael Holttinen, Hannele Soder, Lennart Clark, Charlton GP IEEE TI Market Structures to Enable Efficient Wind and Solar Power Integration SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Wind energy; solar energy; electricity markets; wind integration; solar integration AB The development of large amounts of wind and/or solar energy will have an impact on bulk electricity markets. These variable generation sources increase the level of variability and uncertainty that the power system operator must manage. In this paper we discuss the impact that electricity markets have on the wind producer, using examples from the Nordic system. We also describe two market structures that will help induce both the needed flexibility, whether from generation or load, and sufficient capacity. We also provide some general guidelines for market design and simple tests that can help identify how a proposed market would function. We close with suggestions for future research. C1 [Milligan, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO USA. RP Milligan, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706103 ER PT S AU Milligan, M AF Milligan, Michael GP IEEE TI Market Implications of High Levels of Wind and Solar Generation SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Wind energy; solar energy; electricity markets; wind integration; solar integration AB Large amounts of wind and/or solar energy will have an impact on bulk electricity markets. This panel presentation will provide insight to how scheduling and dispatch rules can help to efficiently integrate wind and solar generation. Possible proxies for wind and solar capacity values that may be useful in capacity markets are also discussed. C1 [Milligan, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Milligan, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705126 ER PT S AU Stamp, J Stinebaugh, J AF Stamp, Jason Stinebaugh, Jennifer GP IEEE TI Microgrid Modeling to Support the Design Processes SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc C1 [Stamp, Jason; Stinebaugh, Jennifer] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Stamp, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jestamp@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493706033 ER PT S AU Wang, SB Lu, S Lin, G Zhou, N AF Wang, Shaobu Lu, Shuai Lin, Guang Zhou, Ning GP IEEE TI Measurement-based Coherency Identification and Aggregation for Power Systems SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Power systems; Coherency identification; Generator aggregation; Model reduction; Phasor measurement unit; Sensitivity analysis ID TRANSIENT STABILITY SIMULATIONS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; MODEL-REDUCTION; ALGORITHMS; NETWORK AB Model reduction techniques are often applied to large-scale complex power systems to increase simulation performance. The bottleneck of existing methods to get a high reduction ratio lies in: (1) Coherency identification is static and conservative. Some coherent generators are not detected when system topology or operating point changes. (2)Solitary generators outside any coherency group are not aggregated regardless of their importance. To overcome the first problem, a measurement-based online coherency identification method was used in this paper. By analyzing post-fault trajectories measured by phasor measurement units (PMUs), coherency generators were identified through principal component analysis. The method can track conherency groups with time-varying system topology and operating points. To address the second problem, sensitivity analysis was employed into model reduction in this paper. The sensitivity of tie-line power flows against injected active power of external system generators was derived. Those generators having minimal impacts on tie-line power flows were replaced with negative impedances. Case studies show that the proposed method can handle well these solitary generators and the reduction ratio can be enhanced. Future work will include generalization of the sensitivity method. C1 [Wang, Shaobu; Lu, Shuai; Lin, Guang; Zhou, Ning] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, SB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM shaobu.wang@pnnl.gov; shuai.lu@pnnl.gov; guang.lin@pnnl.gov; ning.zhou@pnnl.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493705079 ER PT S AU Widergren, S Marinovici, C Berliner, T Graves, A AF Widergren, S., Sr. Marinovici, C. Berliner, T. Graves, A. GP IEEE TI Real-time Pricing Demand Response in Operations SO 2012 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 22-26, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE dynamic pricing; power system modeling; agent-based system; market simulation AB Dynamic pricing schemes have been implemented in commercial and industrial application settings, and recently they are getting attention for application to residential customers. Time-of-use and critical-peak-pricing rates are in place in various regions and are being piloted in many more. These programs are proving themselves useful for balancing energy during peak periods; however, real-time (5 minute) pricing signals combined with automation in end-use systems have the potential to deliver even more benefits to operators and consumers. Besides system peak shaving, a real-time pricing system can contribute demand response based on the locational marginal price of electricity, reduce load in response to a generator outage, and respond to local distribution system capacity limiting situations. The US Department of Energy (DOE) is teaming with a mid-west electricity service provider to run a distribution feeder-based retail electricity market that negotiates with residential automation equipment and clears every 5 minutes, thus providing a signal for lowering or raising electric consumption based on operational objectives of economic efficiency and reliability. This paper outlines the capability of the real-time pricing system and the operational scenarios being tested as the system is rolled-out starting in the first half of 2012. C1 [Widergren, S., Sr.; Marinovici, C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Widergren, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM steve.widergren@pnnl.gov; cristina.marinovici@pnnl.gov; ttberliner@aep.com; argraves@aep.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4673-2729-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2012 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BDB70 UT WOS:000312493704043 ER PT J AU Plaza, GA Krol, E Pacwa-Plociniczak, M Piotrowska-Seget, Z Brigmon, LR AF Plaza, Grazyna A. Krol, Ewa Pacwa-Plociniczak, Magdalena Piotrowska-Seget, Zofia Brigmon, L. Robin TI STUDY OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Bacilli SPECIES CULTURED ON AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTES SO ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM-HORTORUM CULTUS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus spp.; Phytopathogenic fungi; Agro-industrial wastes; Biosurfactants ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; PLANT-DISEASE; IN-VITRO; SUBTILIS; IDENTIFICATION; LIPOPEPTIDES; BIOCONTROL; FUNGI; AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS AB The three Bacillus species isolated from petroleum refinery waste were examined for antifungal activity on brewery effluents and molasses for biotechnological applications. Bacillus strains were identified by three different methods: 16S rRNA gene sequences, BIOLOG system and fatty acid analysis (FAME). The results demonstrated the ability of all three Bacillus strains cultured on brewery effluents and molasses to inhibit mycelial growth of the 10 tested fungi to varying degrees measured by agar plate inhibition assays. Fungi inhibited to the greatest degree as measured by the zones of inhibition were Botrytis cinerea A 258, Phomopsis viticola W 977, Septoria carvi K 2082, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides A 259, Phoma complanata A 233 and Phoma exigua var. exigua A 175. It was also observed that the fungal mycelial growth was inhibited by the cell-free supernatants, indicating lipoprotein-like activity of antifungal agents (mainly biosurfactants). Tested fungi were most sensitive to the Bacilli supernatants obtained from the molasses cultures including: B. cinerea A 258, R. solani W 70, S. sclerotiorum K 2291, Phomopsis diachenii K 657, C. dematium K 425, P. complanata A 233, P. exigua var. exigua A 175. In the previous study it was shown that Bacillus species produced biosurfactants. Application of natural products such as these Bacillus species or their byproducts may be a new approach to phytopathogen control therefore reducing the need for fungicides. C1 [Plaza, Grazyna A.] Inst Ecol Ind Areas, Dept Environm Microbiol, PL-40844 Katowice, Poland. [Plaza, Grazyna A.] Silesian Tech Univ, Zabrze, Poland. [Krol, Ewa] Univ Life Sci Lublin, Lublin, Poland. [Pacwa-Plociniczak, Magdalena; Piotrowska-Seget, Zofia] Univ Silesia, Katowice, Poland. [Brigmon, L. Robin] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Plaza, GA (reprint author), Inst Ecol Ind Areas, Dept Environm Microbiol, PL-40844 Katowice, Poland. EM pla@ietu.katowice.pl FU Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N N523 418237]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470] FX This work was done under the project No N N523 418237 from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. This document was prepared in conjunction with work accomplished under Contract No. DE-AC09-08SR22470 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 17 PU WYDAWNICTWO AKAD ROLNICZEJ W LUBLINIE PI LUBLIN PA UL AKADEMICKA 13, LUBLIN, 20-950, POLAND SN 1644-0692 J9 ACTA SCI POL-HORTORU JI Acta Sci. Pol.-Hortorum Cultus PY 2012 VL 11 IS 5 BP 169 EP 182 PG 14 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 062RG UT WOS:000312938400014 ER PT S AU Ammons, SM Poyneer, L Gavel, DT Kupke, R Max, CE Johnson, L AF Ammons, S. Mark Poyneer, Lisa Gavel, Donald T. Kupke, Renate Max, Claire E. Johnson, Luke BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI Evidence that wind prediction with multiple guide stars reduces tomographic errors and expands MOAO field of regard SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE adaptive optics; predictive control; laser guide star; tomography; MCAO; MOAO; LTAO; GLAO; LQG; Kalman ID MULTICONJUGATE ADAPTIVE OPTICS AB We explore the extension of predictive control techniques to multi-guide star, multi-layer tomographic wavefront measurement systems using a shift-and-average correction scheme that incorporates wind velocity and direction. In addition to reducing temporal error budget terms, there are potentially additional benefits for tomographic AO systems; the combination of wind velocity information and phase height information from multiple guide stars breaks inherent degeneracies in volumetric tomographic reconstruction, producing a reduction in the geometric tomographic error. In a tomographic simulation of an 8-meter telescope with 3 laser guide stars over 2 arcminute diameter, we find that tracking organized wind motion as it flows into metapupil regions sampled by only one guide star improves layer estimates beyond the guide star radius, allowing for an expansion of the field of view. For this case, we demonstrate improvement of layer phase estimates of 3% to 12%, translating into potential gains in the MOAO field of regard area of up to 40%. The majority of the benefits occur in regions of the metapupil sampled by only 1-2 LGS's downwind at high altitudes. C1 [Ammons, S. Mark; Poyneer, Lisa] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, L-210,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Gavel, Donald T.; Kupke, Renate; Max, Claire E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Johnson, Luke] Natl Solar Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Ammons, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, L-210,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ammons1@llnl.gov OI Max, Claire/0000-0003-0682-5436 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 84471U DI 10.1117/12.927283 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300058 ER PT S AU Ammons, SM Bendek, EA Guyonb, O Macintosh, B Savransky, D AF Ammons, S. Mark Bendek, Eduardo A. Guyonb, Olivier Macintosh, Bruce Savransky, Dmitry BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI Theoretical Limits on Bright Star Astrometry with Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics using a Diffractive Pupil SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE astrometry; diffractive pupil; microarcsecond; SIM; PECO; differential atmospheric refraction; extrasolar planet; exoearth; differential tip/tilt jitter; MCAO; adaptive optics ID PRECISION ASTROMETRY; GALACTIC-CENTER; TELESCOPE; DISTORTION AB We present a ground-based technique to detect or follow-up long-period exoplanets via precise relative astrometry of host stars using Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) on 8 meter telescopes equipped with diffractive masks. MCAO improves relative astrometry by sharpening PSFs, reducing the star centroiding error, and by providing a spatially stable, more easily modeled PSF. However, exoplanet mass determination requires multi-year reference grid stability of similar to 10-100 uas or nanometer-level stability on the long-term average of out-of-pupil phase errors, which is difficult to achieve with MCAO. The diffractive pupil technique calibrates dynamic distortion via extended diffraction spikes generated by a dotted primary mirror, which are referenced against a grid of background stars. We calculate the astrometic performance of a diffractive 8-meter telescope with diffraction-limited MCAO in K using analytical techniques and a simplified MCAO simulation. Referencing the stellar grid to the diffraction spikes negates the cancellation of Differential Tip/ Tilt Jitter normally achieved with MCAO. However, due to the substantial gains associated with sharper, more stable PSFs, diffractive 8-m MCAO reaches similar to 4-6 mu as relative astrometric error per coordinate in one hour on a bright target star (K similar to 7) in fields of moderate stellar density (similar to 10 stars arcmin(-2)). Final relative astrometric precision with MCAO is limited by atmospheric differential tip/tilt jitter. C1 [Ammons, S. Mark; Macintosh, Bruce; Savransky, Dmitry] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, L-210,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bendek, Eduardo A.; Guyonb, Olivier] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 95060 USA. [Guyonb, Olivier] Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI USA. RP Ammons, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, L-210,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ammons1@llnl.gov RI Savransky, Dmitry/M-1298-2014 OI Savransky, Dmitry/0000-0002-8711-7206 FU NASA APRA program; Fulbright Science and Technology program; LLNL Lawrence Fellow program; U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DEAC52- 07NA27344, LLNL- PROC- 565933] FX Thanks to Matthew Britton, Jessica Lu, Ruslan Belikov, Quinn Konopacky, Brent Ellerbroek, Michael Hart, Luc Gilles, Matthias Schoeck, and Michael Shao for contributions and helpful discussions. Brent Ellerbroek and Matthias Schoeck are recognized for running simulations that inspired the MCAO simulations we publish in Section 2. We recognize support from the NASA APRA program. E. A. B. acknowledges support from the Fulbright Science and Technology program. S. M. A. acknowledges research support from the LLNL Lawrence Fellow program. This work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DEAC52- 07NA27344 with document release number LLNL- PROC- 565933. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 84470P DI 10.1117/12.927281 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300022 ER PT S AU Hart, M Codona, J Codona, R Ammons, SM Macintosh, BA McCarville, T Pardini, T Pivovaroff, M Poyneer, L AF Hart, Michael Codona, Johanan Codona, Robert Ammons, S. Mark Macintosh, Bruce A. McCarville, Thomas Pardini, Tommaso Pivovaroff, Michael Poyneer, Lisa BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI Conceptual design for a deformable mirror for use with X-ray sources SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Adaptive optics; deformable mirrors; X-ray optics AB High-energy beams of X-rays used in studies of molecular structure typically have imperfect wavefront quality. Improved point-spread functions can in principle be made by adjustment of a deformable mirror (DM) in the beam train. Conventional DMs are unsuitable because they are not intended for use at the necessary grazing incidence angles, and the optical surface is not sufficiently stable. We describe the conceptual design for a new DM that addresses the requirements of this application. Our design draws on successful strategies employed in the adaptive secondary mirrors at the MMT and LBT telescopes, including the use of voice-coil actuators with collocated capacitive position sensors. C1 [Hart, Michael; Codona, Johanan; Codona, Robert] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ammons, S. Mark; Macintosh, Bruce A.; McCarville, Thomas; Pardini, Tommaso; Pivovaroff, Michael; Poyneer, Lisa] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hart, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52- 07NA27344]; LLNL LDRD office [11-ERD-015]; Lawrence Livermore National Security [B597543] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE- AC52- 07NA27344. This project was enabled by the LLNL LDRD office through program 11-ERD-015. Work at the University of Arizona was supported by Lawrence Livermore National Security under contract B597543. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 844766 DI 10.1117/12.927233 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300195 ER PT S AU Lawson, PR Poyneer, L Barrett, H Frazin, R Caucci, L Devaney, N Furenlid, L Gladysz, S Guyon, O Krist, J Maire, J Marois, C Mawet, D Mouillet, D Mugnier, L Pearson, I Perrin, M Pueyo, L Savransky, D AF Lawson, Peter R. Poyneer, Lisa Barrett, Harrison Frazin, Richard Caucci, Luca Devaney, Nicholas Furenlid, Lars Gladysz, Szymon Guyon, Olivier Krist, John Maire, Jerome Marois, Christian Mawet, Dimitri Mouillet, David Mugnier, Laurent Pearson, Iain Perrin, Marshall Pueyo, Laurent Savransky, Dmitry BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI On Advanced Estimation Techniques for Exoplanet Detection and Characterization Using Ground-based Coronagraphs SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Exoplanets; coronagraphs; adaptive optics; instrumentation; theory ID INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROGRAPH; HR 8799; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; IMAGE; STAR; SUBTRACTION AB The direct imaging of planets around nearby stars is exceedingly difficult. Only about 14 exoplanets have been imaged to date that have masses less than 13 times that of Jupiter. The next generation of planet-finding coronagraphs, including VLT-SPHERE, the Gemini Planet Imager, Palomar P1640, and Subaru HiCIAO have predicted contrast performance of roughly a thousand times less than would be needed to detect Earth-like planets. In this paper we review the state of the art in exoplanet imaging, most notably the method of Locally Optimized Combination of Images (LOCI), and we investigate the potential of improving the detectability of faint exoplanets through the use of advanced statistical methods based on the concepts of the ideal observer and the Hotelling observer. We propose a formal comparison of techniques using a blind data challenge with an evaluation of performance using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Localization ROC (LROC) curves. We place particular emphasis on the understanding and modeling of realistic sources of measurement noise in ground-based AO-corrected coronagraphs. The work reported in this paper is the result of interactions between the co-authors during a week-long workshop on exoplanet imaging that was held in Squaw Valley, California, in March of 2012. C1 [Lawson, Peter R.; Krist, John] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Poyneer, Lisa; Savransky, Dmitry] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Barrett, Harrison; Caucci, Luca; Furenlid, Lars; Pearson, Iain] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Frazin, Richard] Univ Michigan, Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Devaney, Nicholas] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Appl Opt Grp, Galway, Ireland. [Gladysz, Szymon] Fraunhofer Inst, D-76275 Ettlingen, Germany. [Guyon, Olivier] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Guyon, Olivier] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Maire, Jerome] Univ Toronto, David Dunlap Inst, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Mawet, Dimitri] NRC, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Mouillet, David] European Southern Observ, Casilla 19001, Chile. [Mugnier, Laurent] IPAG, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Mugnier, Laurent] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Div Optique Theor & Appliquee, F-92322 Chatillon, France. [Perrin, Marshall] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pueyo, Laurent] JHU, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Lawson, PR (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Peter.R.Lawson@jpl.nasa.gov RI Frazin, Richard/J-2625-2012; Savransky, Dmitry/M-1298-2014; Mugnier, Laurent/A-7630-2012; OI Savransky, Dmitry/0000-0002-8711-7206; Mugnier, Laurent/0000-0002-8364-4957 FU National Academies Keck Futures Initiative; National Institutes of Health [2R01EB000803-21] FX This work was undertaken with support of a seed grant from the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative. Work at the University of Arizona was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health under grant no. 2R01EB000803-21. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 844722 DI 10.1117/12.925099 PG 21 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300065 ER PT S AU Maire, J Gagne, J Lafreniere, D Doyon, R Graham, JR Veran, JP Poyneer, LA AF Maire, Jerome Gagne, Jonathan Lafreniere, David Doyon, Rene Graham, James R. Veran, Jean-Pierre Poyneer, Lisa A. BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI Preserving the photometric integrity of companions in high-contrast imaging observations using locally optimized combination of images SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Techniques : image processing; high-contrast imaging; speckle suppression; exoplanets imaging; exoplanets spectroscopy ID POINT-SPREAD FUNCTIONS; WAVE-FRONT CONTROL; ADAPTIVE OPTICS; HR 8799; PLANET; STAR; RECONSTRUCTION; ASTROMETRY; MOTION; SCALE AB Direct imaging and spectroscopy can advance our understanding of planet formation and migration through the detection and characterization of extrasolar planets on wide orbits. Accurate photometry and astrometry of detected companions are of crucial importance to derive the planet physical properties. We present an extension of the Locally optimized combination of images (LOCI) method to measure the highest-fidelity photometry as well as accurate astrometry of detected companions. This algorithm is also generalized to Integral-Field Spectrograph (IFS) data processing, giving advantages of a simultaneous angular and spectral differential imaging reduction, retrieving high-fidelity spectra from PSF-subtracted cubes. C1 [Maire, Jerome; Graham, James R.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Gagne, Jonathan; Lafreniere, David; Doyon, Rene] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3 C3 J7, Canada. [Veran, Jean-Pierre] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Poyneer, Lisa A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maire, J (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. EM maire@di.utoronto.ca OI Gagne, Jonathan/0000-0002-2592-9612; Lafreniere, David/0000-0002-6780-4252 NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 844760 DI 10.1117/12.926247 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300189 ER PT S AU Morzinski, KM Macintosh, BA Close, LM Marois, C Konopacky, Q Patience, J AF Morzinski, Katie M. Macintosh, Bruce A. Close, Laird M. Marois, Christian Konopacky, Quinn Patience, Jenny BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI High-contrast imaging in the Hyades with snapshot LOCI SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE adaptive optics; PSF; LOCI; image diversity; high-contrast imaging; brown dwarf; Hyades AB To image faint substellar companions obscured by the stellar halo and speckles, scattered light from the bright primary star must be removed in hardware or software. We apply the "locally-optimized combination of images" (LOCI) algorithm to 1-minute Keck Observatory snapshots of GKM dwarfs in the Hyades using source diversity to determine the most likely PSF. We obtain a mean contrast of 10(-2) at 0.'' 01, 10(-4) at <1 '', and 10(-5) at 5 ''. New brown dwarf and low-mass stellar companions to Hyades primaries are found in a third of the 84 targeted systems. This campaign shows the efficacy of LOCI on snapshot imaging as well as on bright wide binaries with off-axis LOCI, reaching contrasts sufficient for imaging 625-Myr late-L/early-T dwarfs purely in post-processing. C1 [Morzinski, Katie M.; Close, Laird M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Macintosh, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Marois, Christian] Herzberg Inst Astrophys, NRC CNRC, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Konopacky, Quinn] Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Patience, Jenny] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Morzinski, KM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM ktmorz@arizona.edu OI Morzinski, Katie/0000-0002-1384-0063 FU NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program [NAS7- 03001]; University of California; National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Adaptive Optics; UC Santa Cruz [AST- 9876783]; University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W- 7405- ENG- 48] FX This work was performed in part under contract with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and is funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program under Prime Contract No. NAS7- 03001. JPL is managed for the National Aeronautics Space Administration ( NASA) by the California Institute of Technology. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Aeronautics Space Administration ( NASA) or of The California Institute of Technology. This research was supported in part by the University of California and National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Adaptive Optics, managed by the UC Santa Cruz under cooperative agreement No. AST- 9876783. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W- 7405- ENG- 48. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 84470O DI 10.1117/12.926377 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300021 ER PT S AU Savransky, D Macintosh, BA Thomas, SJ Poyneer, LA Palmer, DW De Rosa, RJ Hartung, M AF Savransky, Dmitry Macintosh, Bruce A. Thomas, Sandrine J. Poyneer, Lisa A. Palmer, David W. De Rosa, Robert J. Hartung, Markus BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI Focal plane wavefront sensing and control for ground-based imaging SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE AO; GPI; high-contrast imaging; focal plane wavefront control AB We evaluate the performance of existing wavefront sensing and control techniques, including speckle nulling and electric field conjugation, and discuss their applicability to high-contrast imaging spectrographs such as the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). These techniques can be highly useful in correcting system phase errors, and can potentially improve instrument operating efficiency by working in conjunction with the dedicated adaptive optics (AO) wavefront sensor. We discuss the specifics of our implementation of speckle suppression for GPI and present lab demonstrations with average contrast improvements from 5.7x10(-6) to 1.03x10(-6). C1 [Savransky, Dmitry; Macintosh, Bruce A.; Poyneer, Lisa A.; Palmer, David W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Thomas, Sandrine J.; Hartung, Markus] Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile. [De Rosa, Robert J.] Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England. RP Savransky, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. EM savransky1@llnl.gov RI Savransky, Dmitry/M-1298-2014 OI Savransky, Dmitry/0000-0002-8711-7206 FU GPI collaboration; GPI integration and testing team; U.S.Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL-CONF-563503 FX The authors would like to thank the entire GPI collaboration, and especially the GPI integration and testing team for their support and dedication. Portionos of this work performed under the auspices of the U.S.Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.This document number is LLNL-CONF-563503 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 84476S DI 10.1117/12.926353 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300213 ER PT S AU Thomas, S Poyneer, L Savransky, D Macintosh, B Hartung, M Dillon, D Gavel, D Dunn, J Wallace, K Palmer, D de Rosa, R AF Thomas, S. Poyneer, L. Savransky, D. Macintosh, B. Hartung, M. Dillon, D. Gavel, D. Dunn, Jennifer Wallace, K. Palmer, D. de Rosa, Robert BE Ellerbroek, BL Marchetti, E Veran, JP TI Wavefront sensing and correction with the Gemini Planet Imager SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems III CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Extreme adaptive optics; Interferometry; High contrast imaging; Extra-solar planet detection AB High-contrast imaging is a growing observational technique aimed at discovering and characterizing extrasolar planets. The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is designed to achieve contrast ratios of 10(-6) - 10(-7) and requires unprecedented wavefront correction and coronagraphic control of diffraction. GPI is a facility instrument now undergoing integration and testing and is scheduled for first light on the 8-m Gemini South telescope towards the end of 2012. In this paper, we focus on the wavefront sensing and correction aspects of the instrument. To measure the wavefront, GPI combines a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and a high-accuracy infrared interferometric wavefront calibration system. The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor uses 1700 subapertures to precisely sample the wavefront at 1.5 kHz and features a spatial filter to prevent aliasing. The wavefront calibration system measures the slower temporal frequency errors as well as non-common path aberrations. The wavefront correction is performed using a two-stage adaptive optics system employing a 9x9 piezoelectric deformable mirror and a 43x43 actuators MEMS deformable mirror operating in a woofer-tweeter configuration. Finally, an image sharpening technique is used to further increase the contrast of the final image. In this paper, we describe the three wavefront sensing methods and how we combine their respective information to achieve the best possible contrast. C1 [Thomas, S.; Hartung, M.] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI USA. [Poyneer, L.; Savransky, D.; Palmer, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Wallace, K.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Macintosh, B.; Dunn, Jennifer] Herzberg Inst Astrophys, NRCC, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Dillon, D.; Gavel, D.] UCO, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [de Rosa, Robert] Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. RP Thomas, S (reprint author), Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI USA. EM sthomas@gemini.edu RI Savransky, Dmitry/M-1298-2014 OI Savransky, Dmitry/0000-0002-8711-7206 FU U.S.Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC5207NA27344]; Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada FX The GPI team would like to thank the staff of the Gemini Observatory for their collaboration on the design of our instrument. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S.Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under Contract DE-AC5207NA27344. We alsoacknowledge support from the Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada. The Gemini Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (United Kingdom), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), CNPq (Brazil), and CONICET (Argentina). NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9148-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8447 AR 844714 DI 10.1117/12.926680 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDA88 UT WOS:000312387300036 ER PT J AU Pavicevic, MK Bosch, F Amthauer, G Anicin, I Boev, B Bruchle, W Cvetkovic, V Djurcic, Z Henning, WF Jelenkovic, R Pejovic, V Weiss, A AF Pavicevic, M. K. Bosch, F. Amthauer, G. Anicin, I. Boev, B. Bruechle, W. Cvetkovic, V. Djurcic, Z. Henning, W. F. Jelenkovic, R. Pejovic, V. Weiss, A. TI Status and New Data of the Geochemical Determination of the pp-Neutrino Flux by LOREX SO ADVANCES IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PROJECTILE FRAGMENTS; BETA-DECAY; SOLAR; ATOMS; MUONS AB LOREX (LORandite EXperiment) addresses the determination of the solar (pp) neutrino flux during the last four million years by exploiting the reaction Tl-205 + nu(e) -> Pb-205 + e(-) with an incomparably low-energy threshold of 50 keV for the capture of solar neutrinos. The ratio of Pb-205/Tl-205 atoms in the Tl-bearing mineral lorandite provides, if corrected for the cosmic-ray induced background, the product of the flux of solar neutrinos and their capture probability by Tl-205, averaged over the age of lorandite. To get the mean solar neutrino flux itself, four problems have to be addressed: (1) the geological age of lorandite, (2) the amount of background cosmic-ray-induced Pb-205 atoms which strongly depends on the erosion rate of the lorandite-bearing rocks, (3) the capture probability of solar neutrinos by Tl-205 and (4) the extraction of lorandite and the appropriate technique to "count" the small number of Pb-205 atoms in relation to the number of Tl-205 atoms. This paper summarizes the status of items 1 (age) and 3 (neutrino capture probability) and presents in detail the progress achieved most recently concerning the items 2 (background/erosion) and 4 ("counting" of Pb-205 atoms in lorandite). C1 [Pavicevic, M. K.; Amthauer, G.] Salzburg Univ, Dept Mineral, Div Mat Sci & Phys, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. [Bosch, F.; Bruechle, W.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Anicin, I.; Pejovic, V.] Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. [Boev, B.] Goce Delcev Univ Stip, Fac Min & Geol, Stip 92000, Macedonia. [Cvetkovic, V.; Jelenkovic, R.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Min & Geol, Belgrade 11000, Serbia. [Djurcic, Z.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Henning, W. F.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. RP Pavicevic, MK (reprint author), Salzburg Univ, Dept Mineral, Div Mat Sci & Phys, Hellbrunner St 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. EM miodragk.pavicevic@gmail.com RI Weiss, Achim/C-4870-2013 OI Weiss, Achim/0000-0002-3843-1653 FU FWF - Wien [P 20594] FX The authors thank the FWF - Wien for supporting this project by grant P 20594. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-7357 J9 ADV HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI Adv. High. Energy Phys. PY 2012 AR 274614 DI 10.1155/2012/274614 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 065TX UT WOS:000313173400001 ER PT S AU Ali, Z Chuang, YD Kilcoyne, D Aguilar, A Mo, SK Hussain, Z AF Ali, Zulfiqar Chuang, Yi-De Kilcoyne, David Aguilar, Alejandro Mo, Sung-Kwan Hussain, Zahid BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Upgrade of the Beamline 10.0.1 at the Advanced Light Source SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Beamline; ARPES; SGM; SHADOW; ray tracing; X-ray optics ID UNDULATOR BEAMLINE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; PERFORMANCE AB Beamline 10.0.1 delivers the photons from a 4.5 m long 10 cm periodicity undulator (U100) to various endstations in its three branchlines. The beamline uses a spherical grating monochromator (SGM) to produce high energy resolution photon beam, with three gratings to cover the photon energy range from 17 to 340 eV. Typically, angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) measurements use 30-70 eV photons. The beam size at the High Energy Resolution Spectroscopy (HERS) endstation, designed for ARPES, is measured to be 250 mu m (H) by 100 mu m (V). Due to grazing incidence geometry in the HERS endstation, the photon beam will have a large projection on the sample surface which could lead to degradation of experimental resolutions. We are in the process of designing and replacing some of the existing mirrors to improve the focus spot at HERS endstation. The detailed design parameters and possible upgrade paths will be presented with verifications using SHADOW ray-tracing program. C1 [Ali, Zulfiqar; Chuang, Yi-De; Kilcoyne, David; Aguilar, Alejandro; Mo, Sung-Kwan; Hussain, Zahid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ali, Z (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020P DI 10.1117/12.930328 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700020 ER PT S AU Allured, R Fernandez-Perea, M Soufli, R Alameda, JB Maxwell, A Pivovaroff, MJ Gullikson, EM Kaaret, P AF Allured, Ryan Fernandez-Perea, Monica Soufli, Regina Alameda, Jennifer B. Maxwell, Alicia Pivovaroff, Michael J. Gullikson, Eric M. Kaaret, Philip BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI A Soft X-ray Beam-splitting Multilayer Optic for the NASA GEMS Bragg Reflection Polarimeter SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Multilayers; Polarimetry; GEMS; Beamsplitter; Bragg Reflection Polarimeter; BRP ID TELESCOPE AB A soft X-ray, beam-splitting, multilayer optic has been developed for the Bragg Reflection Polarimeter on the NASA Gravity and Extreme Magnetism Small Explorer Mission (GEMS). The optic is designed to reflect 0.5 keV X-rays through a 90 degree angle to the BRP detector, and transmit 2-10 keV X-rays to the primary polarimeter. A transmission requirement prevents the use of a thick substrate, so a 2 mu m thick polyimide membrane was used. Atomic force microscopy has shown the membrane to possess high spatial frequency roughness less than 0.2 nm rms, permitting adequate X-ray reflectance. A multilayer thin film was especially developed with reflectance and transmission properties that satisfy the BRP requirements and with near-zero stress. Multilayer depositions for prototype reflectors have been performed via magnetron sputtering. Reflectance and transmission measurements closely match theoretical predictions, both before and after rigorous environmental testing. C1 [Allured, Ryan; Maxwell, Alicia; Kaaret, Philip] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. [Fernandez-Perea, Monica; Soufli, Regina; Alameda, Jennifer B.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Gullikson, Eric M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Allured, R (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 FU auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-A052-07NA27344]; University of California Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-ACO3-76F00098]; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-ACO2-050H11231]; NASA [NNX08AY580] FX The authors would like to thank Bruce Lairson of Luxel Corp. for providing helpful advice, many polylmide samples for analysis, and confocal microscope scan data. We also thank Steve McBride of the Space Sciences Laboratory for use of his thermal cycling chamber, and John Toinsick for making the arrangements. Ryan Allured and Philip Kaaret are grateful to Takashi Okajima and Yang Soong at GSFC for guidance during the early stages of reflector development. We acknowledge that nearly all of our multilayer modeling was made possible with David Windt's IMD software. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-A052-07NA27344 and by the University of California Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-ACO3-76F00098. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-ACO2-050H11231. Ryan Allured and Philip Kaaret acknowledge partial support from NASA grant NNX08AY580. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 850206 DI 10.1117/12.930093 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700003 ER PT S AU Conley, R Bouet, N Zhou, J Yan, HF Chu, Y Lauer, K Miller, J Chu, LK Jahedi, N AF Conley, Ray Bouet, Nathalie Zhou, Juan Yan, Hanfei Chu, Yong Lauer, Kenneth Miller, Jesse Chu, Luke Jahedi, Nima BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Advanced multilayer Laue lens fabrication at NSLS-II SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE thin film; multilayer; Laue lens; sputter; deposition; x-ray; optics AB In an ongoing effort to advance the state of the art in x-ray nanofocusing optics([1]), multilayer Laue lens (MLL)([2,3]) fabrication at NSLS-II has matured to include multi-gas reactive sputtering for stress and interfacial roughness reduction, which has recently led to a 70 micron thick single-growth MLL. Reactive sputtering was found to produce WSi2/Si multilayers with an accumulated film stress significantly lower than Ar-only deposition with identical growth conditions. Significant effort has been focused on the achievement of highly-stable gas mixing and process gas pressure measurement for multilayer growth and the problems faced along with implemented solutions will be discussed in detail. Proper layer thickness and placement throughout the stack presents a major obstacle to the fabrication of high-quality nanofocusing MLLs. Initial metrology of extremely thick MLLs by stitching many scanning electron microscope images was found to be greatly simplified by inclusion of marker labels within the stack. C1 [Conley, Ray; Bouet, Nathalie; Zhou, Juan; Yan, Hanfei; Chu, Yong; Lauer, Kenneth; Miller, Jesse] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Expt Facil Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Chu, Luke] Northport High Sch, Northport, NY USA. [Jahedi, Nima] Argonne Natl Lab, X ray Sci Div, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Conley, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS II, Expt Facil Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Conley, Ray/C-2622-2013; Yan, Hanfei/F-7993-2011; OI Yan, Hanfei/0000-0001-6824-0367; Bouet, Nathalie/0000-0002-5816-9429 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. We thank the BNL student HSRP Program and the SULI Program. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 850202 DI 10.1117/12.930216 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700001 ER PT S AU Haboub, A MacDowell, AA Marchesini, S Parkinson, DY AF Haboub, A. MacDowell, A. A. Marchesini, S. Parkinson, D. Y. BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Coded Aperture Imaging for Fluorescent X-rays SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Coded aperture; NTHT; elemental mapping; Fluorescent x-rays ID ARRAYS AB We employ a coded aperture pattern in front of a charge couple device (CCD) pixilated detector to image fluorescent x-rays (6-25KeV) from samples irradiated with synchrotron radiation. Coded apertures encode the angular direction of x-rays, and given a known source plane, allow for a large Numerical Aperture x-ray imaging system. The algorithm to develop the free standing coded aperture pattern of the Non-Two-Holes-Touching (NTHT) was developed. The algorithms to reconstruct the x-ray image from the encoded pattern recorded are developed by means of modeling and confirmed by experiments on standard samples. Spatial resolution and efficiency are determined for the next development stage whereby an energy resolving pixilated CCD will be deployed allowing for elemental imaging. C1 [Haboub, A.; MacDowell, A. A.; Marchesini, S.; Parkinson, D. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Haboub, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015 OI Parkinson, Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 850209 DI 10.1117/12.981244 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700005 ER PT S AU Heald, S Seidler, GT Mortensen, D Mattern, B Bradley, JA Hess, N Bowden, M AF Heald, Steve Seidler, Gerald T. Mortensen, Devon Mattern, Brian Bradley, Joseph A. Hess, Nancy Bowden, Mark BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Recent Tests of X-ray Spectrometers using Polycapillary optics SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Polycapillary; X-ray Spectroscopy; X-ray spectrometers; XAS ID ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS; CAPILLARY OPTICS; HIGH-PRESSURE; WAFERS AB Polycapillary optics provide a promising approach for coupling highly-divergent x-ray emission or inelastic scattering to high-resolution crystal analyzers. We present recent results looking at the application of polycapillary collimators to emission spectrometers. The first application uses a collimating optic and a flat crystal to provide a tunable x-ray fluorescence detector. At high-flux synchrotron radiation sources there is sufficient flux (similar to 10(13) ph/sec) to allow application of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) to ppb concentrations if the fluorescence signal can be isolated from an intense background. The polycapillary based analyzer easily achieves the >10(6) background reduction needed for such measurements. It has the additional advantage of being confocal, only collecting the signal from a small volume at the optic focus, effectively eliminating background from sample substrates, windows, or air scattering. Second, the same type of analyzer can be used for higher-resolution emission spectroscopy if operated close to 90 degrees Bragg angle, and we report results of the commissioning of a user-available instrument suitable for few-eV resolution emission spectroscopy, including the demonstration of roughly order-of-magnitude improved measurement times compared to use of a traditional, single spherically-bent crystal analyzer. As part of this effort, we have developed a process for enhancing the integral reflectivity of Si analyzer crystals through plastic deformation at high temperatures. C1 [Heald, Steve] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Seidler, Gerald T.; Mortensen, Devon; Mattern, Brian] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bradley, Joseph A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Hess, Nancy; Bowden, Mark] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. RP Heald, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. OI Hess, Nancy/0000-0002-8930-9500 FU Chemical Sciences; Geosciences and Biosciences Division; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; Chemical Imaging Initiative LDRD program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; US Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Canadian Light Source and the Advanced Photon Source; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0002194]; CIW; CDAC; UNLV; LLNL; DOE-NNSA; DOE-BES; NSF FX Portions of this work were supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. Support from the Chemical Imaging Initiative LDRD program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is also gratefully acknowledged. The PNC/ XSD facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the US Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, the Canadian Light Source and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U. S. Department of Energy ( DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U. S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Portions of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. G. T. S. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-SC0002194. Portions of this work were performed at HPCAT ( Sector 16). HPCAT is supported by CIW, CDAC, UNLV, and LLNL through funding from DOE-NNSA, DOE-BES, and NSF. We also thank J. David Dickman (Baylor College of Medicine) for use of his Fe edge data. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020I DI 10.1117/12.929960 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700014 ER PT S AU Hedayat, A Khounsary, A Mashayek, F AF Hedayat, Ali Khounsary, Ali Mashayek, Farzad BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Thermo-mechanical properties of silicon, germanium, diamond, beryllium and silicon carbide for high heat load x-ray optics applications SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Thermal conductivity; thermal expansion coefficient; heat capacity; elasticity; Lattice parameter; thermophysical properties; silicon; germanium; diamond; beryllium; silicon carbide ID THERMAL-EXPANSION MEASUREMENTS; DOPANT DENSITY RELATIONSHIP; SINGLE-CRYSTAL BERYLLIUM; LOW-TEMPERATURES; DEGREES K; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; DOPED SILICON; DEGREES C; CONDUCTIVITY; CAPACITY AB Increased thermal power of the x-ray beams produced at synchrotron radiation facilities such as the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory requires improvements in the thermal management of the components with which the beams interact. Crystals of silicon, germanium, diamond, beryllium, and silicon carbide are important substrate materials in this regard. Accurate physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of these materials, especially at cryogenic temperatures, are needed in the analysis and design of high heat load x-ray components. In this paper, we present a collection of the relevant data, and include curve fits, when possible, for ease of use in the analysis. C1 [Hedayat, Ali; Mashayek, Farzad] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 842 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Khounsary, Ali] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hedayat, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, 842 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM amk@aps.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC- 0206CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC- 0206CH11357. NR 142 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020O DI 10.1117/12.929362 PG 22 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700019 ER PT S AU Khounsary, A Strons, P Kujala, N Macrander, A AF Khounsary, Ali Strons, Philip Kujala, Naresh Macrander, Albert BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Limitations of Liquid Nitrogen Cooling of High Heat Load X-Ray Monochromators SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE X-ray; optics; monochromator; silicon; cryogenic cooling; analytical solutions AB X-ray monochromators, made of single crystals or multilayer coatings, are the most common optical components on many synchrotron beamlines. They intercept the broad-spectrum x-ray (white or pink) beams generated by the radiation source and absorb all but select narrow spectral bands of x-rays, which are diffracted according to Bragg's Law. With some incident beam power in the kW range, minimizing thermally induced deformation detrimental to the performance of the device necessitates the design of optimally cooled monochromators. Monochromator substrate designs have evolved, in parallel with thermal loads of the incident beams, from simple blocks with no cooling, to water cooled (both contact-cooled and internally cooled), and to cryogenically cooled designs where the undesirable thermal distortions are kept in check by operating in a temperature range where the thermomechanical properties of the substrate materials are favorable. Fortuitously, single-crystal silicon at cryogenic temperatures has an exceptionally favorable combination of high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient. With further increases in x-ray beam power, partly as a result of the upgrades to the existing synchrotron facilities, the question arises as to the ultimate limits of liquid-nitrogen-cooled silicon monochromators' ability to handle the increased thermal load. In this paper, we describe the difficulties and begin the investigation by using a simple geometric model for a monochromator and obtain analytical solutions for the temperature field. The temperature can be used as a proxy for thermally induced deformation. The significant role of the nonlinear material properties of silicon is examined. C1 [Khounsary, Ali; Strons, Philip; Kujala, Naresh; Macrander, Albert] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Khounsary, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020C DI 10.1117/12.960243 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700008 ER PT S AU Shvyd'ko, Y AF Shvyd'ko, Yuri BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Enhanced X-Ray Angular Dispersion and X-ray Spectrographs with Resolving Power Beyond 10(8) SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE ID CZERNY-TURNER SPECTROMETER; MONOCHROMATOR; RESOLUTION; GEOMETRY; BEAMS AB Spectrograph is an optical device that is used to disperse photons of different energies E into distinct directions and space locations, and to take a snapshot of the whole spectrum of photon energies with a spatially sensitive photon detector. Substantial advantage of a spectrograph over an ordinary spectral analyzer, is its ability to deal with many photon energies simultaneously, thus reducing exposure time per spectrum considerably. To realize a spectrograph, dispersing elements with large angular dispersion rate are required. In visible light optics this is easily achieved with diffraction gratings. In hard x-ray regime this is a problem. Here we show, on the example of CDW x-ray optics [1-3], that multi-crystal arrangements may feature cumulative angular dispersion rates more than an order of magnitude larger than those attainable in single Bragg reflections. This makes, first, hard x-ray spectrographs feasible, and, secondly, a resolving power beyond E/Delta E greater than or similar to 10(8) achievable. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shvyd'ko, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shvydko@aps.anl.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020J DI 10.1117/12.930442 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700015 ER PT S AU Walko, DA Jung, IW Lopez, D Mukhopadhyay, D Schwartz, CP Shenoy, GK Wang, J AF Walko, Donald A. Jung, Il Woong Lopez, Daniel Mukhopadhyay, Deepkishore Schwartz, Craig P. Shenoy, Gopal K. Wang, Jin BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Temporal modulation of synchrotron x rays using torsional MEMS mirrors SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE MEMS; Synchrotron; X-ray; Micromirror; Reflectivity; Chopper ID CHOPPER AB We demonstrate the use of electrostatically driven micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) devices to control and deliver synchrotron x-ray pulses at high repetition rates. Torsional MEMS micromirrors, rotating at duty cycles of 2 kHz and higher, were used to modulate grazing-incidence x rays, producing x-ray bunches shorter than 10 mu s. We find that dynamic deformation of the oscillating micromirror is a limiting factor in the duration of the x-ray pulses produced, and we describe plans for reaching higher operating frequencies using mirrors designed for minimal deformation. C1 [Walko, Donald A.; Schwartz, Craig P.; Shenoy, Gopal K.; Wang, Jin] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Jung, Il Woong; Lopez, Daniel; Mukhopadhyay, Deepkishore] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Walko, DA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM d-walko@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank Bernhard Adams for use of the electronics used to synchronize the 2- kHz micromirror to the storage ring. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020H DI 10.1117/12.930057 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700013 ER PT S AU Wieczorek, M Khachatryan, R Shvyd'ko, Y Smith, RH Iwasaki, K Miller, S Qian, J Huang, X Assoufid, L AF Wieczorek, Michael Khachatryan, Ruben Shvyd'ko, Yuri Smith, Robert H. Iwasaki, Kenichi Miller, Suzanne Qian, Jun Huang, Xianrong Assoufid, Lahsen BE Goto, S Morawe, C Khounsary, AM TI Achieving Optimal Flatness and Surface Roughness Properties for Novel X-ray Optic Structures Formed by Dicing Saws SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components VII CY AUG 13, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE x-ray optics; dicing saw; flatness; roughness; synchrotron radiation; phase shifter interferometer AB Crystal-based x-ray optics are widely used in the synchrotron radiation field. Such optics include monochromators, channel-cut crystals, spectral analyzers, and phase plates that are generally made with standard fabrication tools such as grinders, ultrasonic mills, blade saws, and wire saws. However, modern synchrotron radiation instruments require more complicated and high-precision crystal structures that cannot be fabricated by these conventional tools. Examples include narrow channels and crystal cavities that require smooth and strain-free sidewalls or inner surfaces. Since it is extremely difficult to polish such surfaces by conventional means, specialized cutting tools are required to make the as-cut surfaces as smooth as possible. A possible way to obtain such smooth surfaces is to use a dicing saw as a fabrication tool - a tool typically used in the microelectronics industry to cut or dice semiconductor and other materials. Here we present our studies on the use of dicing saws for cutting innovative, monolithic, x-ray optic devices comprised of tall, narrow-standing, thin crystal-plate arrays. We report cutting parameters that include the rotational speed of the cutting blade (a.k.a. spindle speed), cutting speed (a.k.a. feed rate), number of passes for each cut depth (if required), and diamond grit size for producing the flattest and most smooth side walls. Blade type and construction (sintered, Ni, and resin) also play critical roles in achieving optimum results. The best experimental data obtained produced an average surface roughness of 49 nm and a peak-to-valley flatness of 3625 nm. By achieving these results, we have been able to assist experimenters in the synchrotron radiation field in their efforts to create functional and novel optical devices. C1 [Wieczorek, Michael; Khachatryan, Ruben; Shvyd'ko, Yuri; Qian, Jun; Huang, Xianrong; Assoufid, Lahsen] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Smith, Robert H.] Adv Dicing Technol Ltd, Horsham, PA 19044 USA. [Iwasaki, Kenichi] Disco Hi Tec Amer Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Miller, Suzanne] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wieczorek, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU DOE [DEFG02-02ER45969, DE-FG02-99ER45772]; UChicago Argonne; LLC; Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"); U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is dedicated to Dr. Ruben Khachatryan ( deceased); we are deeply grateful for his many and substantial contributions to this project and his friendship.; This work was supported by DOE Grant Nos. DEFG02-02ER45969 and DE-FG02-99ER45772. This work was also supported by the UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9219-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8502 AR 85020M DI 10.1117/12.928369 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BDE73 UT WOS:000312964700018 ER PT B AU Hall, PB Brandt, WN Petitjean, P Ak, NF Paris, I Aubourg, E Anderson, SF Schneider, DP Bizyaev, D Brinkmann, J Myers, AD Malanushenko, E Malanushenko, V Oravetz, DJ Ross, NP Shelden, A Simmons, AE Weaver, BA York, DG AF Hall, P. B. Brandt, W. N. Petitjean, P. Ak, N. Filiz Paris, I. Aubourg, E. Anderson, S. F. Schneider, D. P. Bizyaev, D. Brinkmann, J. Myers, A. D. Malanushenko, E. Malanushenko, V. Oravetz, D. J. Ross, N. P. Shelden, A. Simmons, A. E. Weaver, B. A. York, D. G. BE Chartas, G Hamann, F Leighly, KM TI BAL Quasars with Redshifted Troughs SO AGN WINDS IN CHARLESTON SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on AGN Winds in Charleston CY OCT 15-18, 2011 CL Coll Charleston, Charleston, SC HO Coll Charleston ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BROAD ABSORPTION-LINE; EMISSION-LINE AB We report the discovery in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of ten to twelve broad absorption line (BAL) quasars with high-ionization troughs which include absorption redshifted relative to the quasar rest frame. The redshifted troughs extend to velocities up to similar to 9000 km s(-1) and the trough widths exceed 3000 km s(-1) in all but one case. Approximately 1 in 1200 BAL quasars with blueshifted C IV absorption also has redshifted C IV absorption. There are several potentially viable ways to generate redshifted absorption which may be at work simultaneously (in the same objects or in different ones). Cases of infall or rotationally dominated outflows silhouetted against a quasar's extended continuum source would challenge current theoretical models of BAL quasars. Cases of outflows from one member of an unresolved binary quasar pair seen in absorption against the other, possibly with a contribution from the relativistic Doppler effect in gas moving at high velocity close to transverse to our line of sight, would provide new sightlines which literally cross-examine BAL outflows. C1 [Hall, P. B.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Brandt, W. N.; Ak, N. Filiz; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys & Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Petitjean, P.; Paris, I.] Univ Paris, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Ak, N. Filiz] Erciyes Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, Kayseri 38039, Turkey. [Aubourg, E.] Univ Paris 07, APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Anderson, S. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bizyaev, D.; Brinkmann, J.; Malanushenko, E.; Malanushenko, V.; Oravetz, D. J.; Shelden, A.; Simmons, A. E.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Myers, A. D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Ross, N. P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 92420 USA. [Weaver, B. A.] New York Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [York, D. G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys & Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Hall, PB (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM phall@yorku.ca; niel@astro.psu.edu RI Filiz Ak, Nurten/C-9686-2015; Brandt, William/N-2844-2015 OI Filiz Ak, Nurten/0000-0003-3016-5490; Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Participating Institutions; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX Funding for SDSS-III (http://www.sdss3.org/) has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-II1 Collaboration. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-802-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2012 VL 460 BP 78 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDA26 UT WOS:000312277500018 ER PT S AU Ally, MR Munk, JD Baxter, VD Gehl, AC AF Ally, Moonis R. Munk, Jeffrey D. Baxter, Van D. Gehl, Anthony C. GP ASHRAE TI Current Performance of Ground Source Heat Pumps for Space Conditioning and for Water Heating under Simulated Occupancy Conditions SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB In this paper we present measured performance and efficiency metrics of Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) for space conditioning and for water heating connected to a horizontal ground heat exchanger (GHX) loop. The units were installed in a 345 m(2) (3700 ft(2)) high-efficiency test house built with structural insulated panels (SIPs), operated under simulated occupancy conditions, and located in Oak Ridge, Tennessee (USA) in US Climate Zone 4. The paper describes distinctive features of the building envelope, ground loop, and equipment, and provides detailed monthly performance of the GSHP system. Space conditioning needs of the house were satisfied by a nominal 2-ton (7.0 kW) water-to-air GSHP (WA-GSHP) unit with almost no auxiliary (resistance) heat usage. Recommendations for further improvement through engineering design changes are identified. The comprehensive set of data and analyses demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of GSHPs in residential applications and their potential to help achieve source energy and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets set under the IECC 2012 Standard. C1 [Ally, Moonis R.; Munk, Jeffrey D.; Baxter, Van D.; Gehl, Anthony C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Ally, MR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 19 EP 26 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100003 ER PT S AU Munk, JD Ally, MR Baxter, VD AF Munk, Jeffrey D. Ally, Moonis R. Baxter, Van D. GP ASHRAE TI Measured Impact on Space Conditioning Energy Use in a Residence Due to Operating a Heat Pump Water Heater inside the Conditioned Space SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB The impact on space conditioning energy use due to operating a heat pump water heater (HPWH) inside the conditioned space is analyzed based on 2010-2011 data from a research house with simulated occupancy and hot water use controls. The 2700 ft(2) (251 m(2)) house is located in Oak Ridge, TN (mixed-humid climate) and is equipped with a 50 gallon (189 L) HPWH that provided approximately 55 gallons/d (208 L/d) of hot water at 120 degrees F (48.9 degrees C) to the house during the test period. The HPWH has been operated every other week from December 2010 through November 2011 in two modes; a heat pump only mode, and a standard mode that utilizes 15355 Btu/h (4500 W) resistance heating elements. The energy consumption of the air-source heat pump (ASHP) that provides space conditioning for the house is compared for the two HPWH operating modes with weather effects taken into account. Impacts during the heating and cooling seasons are compared. C1 [Munk, Jeffrey D.; Ally, Moonis R.; Baxter, Van D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Munk, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 27 EP 33 PN 2 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100004 ER PT S AU Tabares-Velasco, PC Christensen, C Bianchi, MVA AF Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar Christensen, Craig Bianchi, Marcus V. A. GP ASHRAE TI Validation Methodology to Allow Simulated Peak Reduction and Energy Performance Analysis of Residential Building Envelope with Phase Change Materials SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) ID SHAPE-STABILIZED PCM; STORAGE AB Phase change materials (PCM) represent a potential technology to reduce peak loads and HVAC energy consumption in residential buildings. This paper summarizes NREL efforts to obtain accurate energy simulations when PCMs are modeled in residential buildings: the overall methodology to verify and validate Conduction Finite Difference (CondFD) and PCM algorithms in EnergyPlus is presented in this study. It also shows preliminary results of three residential building enclosure technologies containing PCM: PCM-enhanced insulation, PCM impregnated drywall and thin PCM layers. The results are compared based on predicted peak reduction and energy savings using two algorithms in EnergyPlus: the PCM and Conduction Finite Difference (CondFD) algorithms. C1 [Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar; Christensen, Craig; Bianchi, Marcus V. A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Residential Bldg Res Grp, Golden, CO USA. RP Tabares-Velasco, PC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Residential Bldg Res Grp, Golden, CO USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 90 EP 97 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100012 ER PT S AU Wang, N Gorrissen, W Srivastava, V Taylor, C AF Wang, Na Gorrissen, Will Srivastava, Viraj Taylor, Cody GP ASHRAE TI DOE Commercial Building Energy Asset Rating: An Application of Centralized Modeling Tool SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB This paper presents a novel approach used to develop the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) commercial building energy asset rating tool. Asset rating, a national standard for a voluntary energy rating system, is intended to help building owners better understand the installed system performance and the total energy use. The asset rating tool allows users to benchmark their buildings against peers and other market players to understand the relative efficiency of different buildings in a way that is distinct from their operations and occupancy. A simplified data collection integrated with full-scale energy-modeling method is employed to disaggregate building energy information and will include a mechanism for identifying energy improvement opportunities. A more detailed modeling approach to formulate an asset rating would most likely provide the greatest and accuracy; while a simplified model approach requires less user investment for collecting data. However, our market research suggested that an asset rating program needs to consider not only the applicability and accuracy across the breadth of commercial buildings but also ease of use. To take the above design drivers into account, we are developing an asset rating tool, a web-based application with a simplified user interface built on an inference engine and a centralized modeling engine. The method presented in this paper separates model inputs into categories based on their overall energy impact, difficulty level of data collection, and variability among buildings. We outline an approach that will allow great flexibility in terms of how many and which of the different categories of variables must be found to produce an accurate energy model. The approach will allow all key variables to be inferred from some reduced set of variables while at the same time allowing a user to enter many more variables if he or she has reliable details on them. The asset rating tool is not just a rating tool, but is aimed at providing a cost-effective means for building owners and operators to gain insight into the energy efficiency potential of their buildings. The development of such a tool enables reduced modeling time and expertise requirements while maintaining accuracy and the ability to support the variability and complexity that exist in buildings. C1 [Wang, Na; Gorrissen, Will; Srivastava, Viraj] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Elect Infrastruct & Bldg Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Taylor, Cody] Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy US, Dept Energy, Washington, DC USA. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Elect Infrastruct & Bldg Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 178 EP 188 PN 2 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100023 ER PT S AU Im, P Bhandari, M AF Im, Piljae Bhandari, Mahabir GP ASHRAE TI Use of Flexible Research Platforms (FRP) for BIM and Energy Modeling Research SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB Two light commercial building flexible research platforms (FRP) are being constructed on the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) main campus as part of an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funded project for a Maximum Energy Efficiency Laboratory. The FRPs will offer a unique capability of exposing 'test buildings' to natural weather conditions for purposes of R&D leading to building system and component - level advanced energy efficiency solutions for new and retrofit applications. The platforms provide the opportunity to prove solutions in a low risk environment so they can be deployed with speed and scale in actual commercial buildings. Initially each platform will accommodate one test building with simulated occupancy and miscellaneous electric loads (MELs) to serve as a baseline. The test building will then be modified to test a series of retrofits by replacing building envelope systems and HVAC systems over time. Performance will be monitored with an extensive suite of sensors, with data collected at 15 minute intervals. Comparisons can then be made between the measured performance of the whole building (and its individual components) and the corresponding energy modeling performance. This data will be also used to calibrate the building energy models, validate several EnergyPlus algorithms, and estimate the energy savings pre- and post-retrofit. This paper introduces two major research areas of the FRP project; 1) Evaluation to facilitate seamless integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) into building energy models (BEM), and 2) Calibration and validation of the building energy model with the detailed monitoring data. The BIM to BEM evaluation will explore the benefit of forming a direct connection between BIM and energy analysis software. The overall work flow of the integration process, as well as interoperability between BIM and energy analysis software, will be evaluated using existing building simulation packages having import/export capability. In energy modeling research, the modeling of the FRPs, measurement and verification (M&V), and further calibration of models will be investigated. This work could then serve as reference material for the building modeling community and building owners. The calibration - envisaged in this project will serve to generate confidence in the use of energy modeling tools and their predicted energy savings for small commercial buildings. In the long term, accurate modeling and M&V will result in increased energy savings, better data to assess financing for retrofits, as well as more accurate emissions predictions. C1 [Im, Piljae; Bhandari, Mahabir] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BTRIC, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Im, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BTRIC, Oak Ridge, TN USA. OI Bhandari, Mahabir/0000-0003-1951-9876 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 197 EP 204 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100025 ER PT S AU Ridouane, E AF Ridouane, El Hassan GP ASHRAE TI Evaluation of Thermal Comfort in Low Load Homes Supplied by High Sidewall Air Jets SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) ID FLUID-DYNAMICS CFD; PERFORMANCE; DIFFUSION; INDUSTRY; SYSTEMS; DESIGN; MODELS; FLOW AB Mixing of conditioned air with room air is an essential factor for uniform comfort in homes. This can be achieved by creating the correct combination of temperature and air motion in the occupied zone. Discomfort e caused by excessive air motion, excessive room air temperature variations, or failure to deliver or distribute air according to load requirements. Effective mixing is even more challenging in low load homes with downsized HVAC systems because the design flow rates are lower. We used computational fluid dynamics modeling to evaluate the performance of high sidewall air supply for residential applications in heating mode, and varied the supply velocity and supply temperature. We considered two cog figurations. corresponding to an unfurnished and a furnished room and compared the results, then evaluated thermal comfort by determining the air diffusion performance index (ADPI). The higher the ADPI value, the more comfortable the space is for most occupants. High sidewall supply inlets can achieve good mixing and provide acceptable comfort levels. Recommendations are given for the system operating conditions to increase comfort. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Residential Bldg Res Grp, Golden, CO USA. RP Ridouane, E (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Residential Bldg Res Grp, Golden, CO USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 322 EP 329 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100041 ER PT S AU Fumo, N Mago, PJ Kozubal, E AF Fumo, Nelson Mago, Pedro J. Kozubal, Eric GP ASHRAE TI Selection of Desiccant Equipment at Altitude SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) ID SYSTEMS AB ASHRAE Standard 139 provides parameters which are used in the desiccant industry to calculate the performance of a desiccant dehumidifier. These performance parameters can be obtained from any manufacturer by means of performance curves or selection software. However, solid desiccant dehumidifiers are generally rated at standard (sea level) conditions. Although some manufacturers provide a means for estimating the performance at altitude based on standard conditions, there is no methodology that is accepted by all. The scope of this paper involves investigating how performance parameters such as the moisture removal capacity (MRC), regeneration specific heat input (RSHI), process outlet temperature, and pressure drop through the wheel are affected by altitude and developing a 'simple methodology' that can be applied to any desiccant wheel to estimate these performance parameters. For development and validation of the methodology, data was obtained by testing a test cassette at Mississippi State University and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. C1 [Fumo, Nelson] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Mech Engn, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Mago, Pedro J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Kozubal, Eric] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Elect Resources & Bldg Syst Integrat, Golden, CO USA. RP Fumo, N (reprint author), Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Mech Engn, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. FU ASHRAE; National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) FX Support from ASHRAE and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also want to recognize the contributions of Kenneth Jacobs as graduate student participating in this research project. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 531 EP 555 PN 2 PG 25 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100061 ER PT S AU Boudreaux, PR Gehl, AC Christian, JE AF Boudreaux, Philip R. Gehl, Anthony C. Christian, Jeffrey E. GP ASHRAE TI Occupancy Simulation in Three Residential Research Houses SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2012, VOL 118, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Annual Conference of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers (ASHRAE) CY JUN 23-27, 2012 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Heating Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) AB Three houses of similar floor plan are being compared for energy consumption. The first house is a typical builder house of 2400 ft(2) (223 m(2)) in east Tennessee. The second house contains retrofits available to a home owner such as energy efficient appliances, windows and air-to-air heat pump, as well as an insulated attic which contains the duct work. The third house was built using optimum-value framing construction with photovoltaic modules and solar water heating. To simulate typical occupant energy consumption researchers have set up appliances, lights, and plug loads to turn on and off automatically according to a schedule based on the Building America Research Benchmark Definition. As energy efficiency continues to be a focus for protecting the environment, national security, and conserving resources, experiments involving whole house energy consumption have shown to be extremely valuable toward filling the need for real field performance data without the enormous variability that comes with occupant behavior. This paper describes how to simulate the same average American family living in each of these research houses. The process for achieving automated occupancy simulation will be discussed and the performance of the occupancy simulation system over the 2010 calendar year will be diagnosed. Data comparing the energy use of each house will be presented and it will be shown that the second house used 37% less and the third house used 67% less energy than the control house in 2010. It will also be shown how an energy saving family can further decrease energy use in the third house to 73% less over the control house occupied by an average American family. C1 [Boudreaux, Philip R.; Gehl, Anthony C.; Christian, Jeffrey E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Boudreaux, PR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2012 VL 118 BP 625 EP 637 PN 2 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology GA BDC77 UT WOS:000312673100067 ER PT S AU Bresee, JC Griffith, AR Collins, ED Jubin, RT DelCul, GD AF Bresee, J. C. Griffith, A. R. Collins, E. D. Jubin, R. T. DelCul, G. D. BE Poinssot, C TI Chemical Pre-Treatment of Used Fuel for Long-Term Storage SO ATALANTE 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUEL CYCLES SE Procedia Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry for Sustainable Fuel Cycles (ATALANTE) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP French Alternat Energy & Atom Energy Commiss (CEA), ACSEPT, ASGARD, ACTINET-I3, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), EDF, Grp ONET, AREVA, Reg Languedoc Roussillon DE extended storage; used fuel; degradation; pre-treatment; decladding; voloxidation; off-gas collection; densification AB Repository programs throughout the world have been slowed by the need for increased local public involvement in the siting and licensing process. The result has been an increase in the dry storage of used fuel at reactor sites and the potential that such storage may be extended for many decades, even centuries. While there are sound technical reasons to believe that dry storage can be conducted safely, there are increasing concerns that the ultimate transfer to either a future repository or a centralized separations plant may result in fractured cladding and serious handling issues, including criticality concerns. These concerns would be increased for higher burn-up fuels. Currently, various chemical pre-treatment processes under R&D for application to commercial used oxide fuel have been investigated at the laboratory scale as methods to simplify and increase the safety of the remaining stages of conventional solvent extraction processing. This includes advanced decladding methods and various oxidation/reduction processes designed to release volatile and semi-volatile fission products, produce finely divided uranium oxide powder, and ameliorate the subsequent nitric acid dissolution step. The paper examines the potential for combining several chemical and physical pre-treatment steps to minimize long-term concerns about safe transport of used fuel, possibly providing another option for future nuclear waste management. Laboratory data from both cold and hot testing will provide the basis for the evaluation. An example of a potential pre-treatment process includes shearing, advanced voloxidation and off-gas treatment, the possible mixing of the resulting uranium oxide with a secondary oxide, and densification and recanning in nitric acid-soluble storage containers for extended time periods. Chemical decladding may be feasible to replace shearing. Zirconium recycle may also be feasible, significantly reducing high level waste quantities. Both analytic and experimental data will be applied to the examination of this potential fuel cycle option. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V ... Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Chairman of the ATALANTE 2012 Program Committee C1 [Bresee, J. C.; Griffith, A. R.] US DOE, Off Nucl Energy, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Collins, E. D.; Jubin, R. T.; DelCul, G. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bresee, JC (reprint author), US DOE, Off Nucl Energy, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM james.bresee@nuclear.energy.gov FU UT- Battelle LLC under U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC05- 00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT- Battelle LLC under Contract No. DE- AC05- 00OR22725 with the U. S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non- exclusive, paid- up, irrevocable, world- wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6196 J9 PROCEDIA CHEM PY 2012 VL 7 BP 66 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.proche.2012.10.012 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BDC56 UT WOS:000312637500010 ER PT S AU Collins, ED DelCul, GD Spencer, BB Brunson, RR Johnson, JA Terekhov, DS Emmanuel, NV AF Collins, E. D. DelCul, G. D. Spencer, B. B. Brunson, R. R. Johnson, J. A. Terekhov, D. S. Emmanuel, N. V. BE Poinssot, C TI Process Development Studies for Zirconium Recovery/Recycle from Used Nuclear Fuel Cladding SO ATALANTE 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUEL CYCLES SE Procedia Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry for Sustainable Fuel Cycles (ATALANTE) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP French Alternat Energy & Atom Energy Commiss (CEA), ACSEPT, ASGARD, ACTINET-I3, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), EDF, Grp ONET, AREVA, Reg Languedoc Roussillon DE development; recycle; zirconium; cladding; chlorination AB Process development studies are being done to recover and reuse zirconium from used nuclear fuel (UNF) zirconium alloy cladding. This has been shown to be economically viable and is a major initiative in waste reduction. The studies have included recovery processes based on dry pyrochemical iodination, chlorination, and hydrochlorination. Chlorination, using either or both chlorine and hydrogen chloride, was shown to provide better performance and is more compatible for interfacing with existing industrial chlorination processes used for fuel rod cladding manufacture from natural zirconium. The chlorination recovery process could be used for chemical decladding of intact UNF assemblies or for treatment of empty cladding segment hulls. Future work is planned to optimize recovery process conditions, equipment design, and scale-up operations. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. .. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Chairman of the ATALANTE 2012 Program Committee C1 [Collins, E. D.; DelCul, G. D.; Spencer, B. B.; Brunson, R. R.; Johnson, J. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Terekhov, D. S.; Emmanuel, N. V.] Chem Vapor Met Recovery Inc, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Collins, ED (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU UT- Battelle LLC under with the U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC05- 00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT- Battelle LLC under Contract No. DE- AC05- 00OR22725 with the U. S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non- exclusive, paid- up, irrevocable, world- wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6196 J9 PROCEDIA CHEM PY 2012 VL 7 BP 72 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.proche.2012.10.013 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BDC56 UT WOS:000312637500011 ER PT S AU Gray, M Zalupski, P Nilsson, M AF Gray, Michael Zalupski, Peter Nilsson, Mikael BE Poinssot, C TI Activity coefficients of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid in select diluents SO ATALANTE 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUEL CYCLES SE Procedia Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry for Sustainable Fuel Cycles (ATALANTE) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP French Alternat Energy & Atom Energy Commiss (CEA), ACSEPT, ASGARD, ACTINET-I3, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), EDF, Grp ONET, AREVA, Reg Languedoc Roussillon DE Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphoric acid; DEHPA; HDEHP; Activity Coefficients ID VAPOR-PRESSURE OSMOMETRY; REFERENCE SOLUTES; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; SELF-ASSOCIATION; EXTRACTION; AGGREGATION; SYSTEMS; HEXANE AB This work characterizes the non-ideal behavior of the solvent extraction agent di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP), constituting one piece of an effort to develop increasingly accurate models of advanced fuel separation processes such as TALSPEAK. Robust models are particularly important for processing high-level radioactive material in order to minimize the generation of secondary waste and to ensure reliable process control. Here, vapor pressure osmometry (VPO) data on binary solutions of HDEHP in toluene, dodecane, or cyclooctane yields the activity coefficients for each component after analysis. Initially, diluent activity data is obtained using the VPO results and then modeled using Scatchard-Hildebrand theory to provide the activity coefficients for HDEHP. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V ... Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Chairman of the ATALANTE 2012 Program Committee C1 [Gray, Michael; Nilsson, Mikael] Univ Calif Irvine, 916 Engn Tower, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Zalupski, Peter] Idaho Natl Lab, Acqueous Separat & Radiochem Dep, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Nilsson, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, 916 Engn Tower, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM Nilssonm@uci.edu FU Idaho National Laboratory; Fuel Cycle Research and Development program (FCRD); U.S. DOE; Office of Nuclear Energy FX Work was supported under subcontract number 107827 with the Idaho National Laboratory, Fuel Cycle Research and Development program (FCR&D), U.S. DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6196 J9 PROCEDIA CHEM PY 2012 VL 7 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.proche.2012.10.035 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BDC56 UT WOS:000312637500032 ER PT S AU Mariani, RD Porter, DL Hayes, SL Kennedy, JR AF Mariani, Robert D. Porter, Douglas L. Hayes, Steven L. Kennedy, J. Rory BE Poinssot, C TI Metallic Fuels: The EBR-II legacy and recent advances SO ATALANTE 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUEL CYCLES SE Procedia Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry for Sustainable Fuel Cycles (ATALANTE) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP French Alternat Energy & Atom Energy Commiss (CEA), ACSEPT, ASGARD, ACTINET-I3, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), EDF, Grp ONET, AREVA, Reg Languedoc Roussillon DE metallic fuels; alloy stabilization; high burnup; electrorefining ID CONSTITUENT REDISTRIBUTION; NUCLEAR-FUEL; URANIUM; LANTHANIDES AB Experimental Breeder Reactor - II (EBR-II) metallic fuel was qualified for high burnup to approximately 10 atomic per cent. Subsequently, the electrometallurgical treatment of this fuel was demonstrated. Advanced metallic fuels are now investigated for increased performance, including ultra-high burnup and actinide burning. Advances include additives to mitigate the fuel/cladding chemical interaction and uranium alloys that combine Mo, Ti and Zr to improve alloy performance. The impacts of the advances-on fabrication, waste streams, electrorefining, etc.-are found to be minimal and beneficial. Owing to extensive research literature and computational methods, only a modest effort is required to complete their development. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V...Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Chairman of the ATALANTE 2012 Program Committee C1 [Mariani, Robert D.; Porter, Douglas L.; Hayes, Steven L.; Kennedy, J. Rory] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83404 USA. RP Kennedy, JR (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83404 USA. EM robert.mariani@inl.gov RI Hayes, Steven/D-8373-2017 OI Hayes, Steven/0000-0002-7583-2069 NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6196 J9 PROCEDIA CHEM PY 2012 VL 7 BP 513 EP 520 DI 10.1016/j.proche.2012.10.078 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BDC56 UT WOS:000312637500075 ER PT S AU Kraiem, M Mathew, KJ Essex, RM AF Kraiem, M. Mathew, K. J. Essex, R. M. BE Poinssot, C TI Comparison of NBL CRM 112-A and Ampoulated Uranyl Nitrate Solution by TIMS Analysis: Initial Verification of a Potential Normal Uranium Isotope-Amount Ratio Reference Material SO ATALANTE 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUEL CYCLES SE Procedia Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry for Sustainable Fuel Cycles (ATALANTE) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP French Alternat Energy & Atom Energy Commiss (CEA), ACSEPT, ASGARD, ACTINET-I3, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), EDF, Grp ONET, AREVA, Reg Languedoc Roussillon DE Normal uranium; Isotope-amount ratio; Reference material; Thermal ionization mass spectrometry; Modified total evaporation ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FRACTIONATION; U-238/U-235; ABUNDANCE; PLUTONIUM; SAMPLES AB An ampoulated uranyl nitrate solution has been compared with NBL CRM 112-A for isotopic-amount ratios as initial verification work for a future mass spectrometry-specific Normal Uranium (NU) reference material. Randomly selected ampoules of the NU solution were analyzed to assess homogeneity of the production run. The comparison analyses were performed by TIMS using Total Evaporation (TE) and Modified Total Evaporation (MTE) methods. No difference was found for the n(U-235)/n(U-238) and n(U-234)/n(U-238) isotope-amount ratios between the NU solution and the CRM 112-A material. Moreover, the NU solutions appear to be isotopically homogenous with no statistically significant unit-to-unit difference observed. (C) 2012 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V...Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Chairman of the ATALANTE 2012 Program Committee C1 [Kraiem, M.; Mathew, K. J.; Essex, R. M.] New Brunswick Lab, Dept Energy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kraiem, M (reprint author), New Brunswick Lab, Dept Energy, 9800 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM monia.kraiem@ch.doe.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6196 J9 PROCEDIA CHEM PY 2012 VL 7 BP 691 EP 696 DI 10.1016/j.proche.2012.10.105 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BDC56 UT WOS:000312637500102 ER PT S AU Schwantes, JM Bryan, SA Orton, CR Levitskaia, TG Pratt, SH Fraga, CG Coble, JB AF Schwantes, J. M. Bryan, S. A. Orton, C. R. Levitskaia, Tatiana G. Pratt, S. H. Fraga, C. G. Coble, J. B. BE Poinssot, C TI Advanced process monitoring safeguards technologies at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory SO ATALANTE 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY FOR SUSTAINABLE FUEL CYCLES SE Procedia Chemistry LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nuclear Chemistry for Sustainable Fuel Cycles (ATALANTE) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP French Alternat Energy & Atom Energy Commiss (CEA), ACSEPT, ASGARD, ACTINET-I3, Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), EDF, Grp ONET, AREVA, Reg Languedoc Roussillon ID AQUEOUS PERCHLORATE SOLUTIONS; CATION CATION COMPLEXES; PENTAVALENT ACTINIDES; RAMAN AB There is a renewed interest worldwide to promote the use of nuclear power and close the nuclear fuel cycle. The long term successful use of nuclear power is critically dependent upon adequate and safe processing and disposition of the spent nuclear fuel. Liquid-liquid extraction is a separation technique commonly employed for the processing of the dissolved spent nuclear fuel. The instrumentation used to monitor these processes must be robust, require little or no maintenance, and be able to withstand harsh environments such as high radiation fields and aggressive chemical matrices. In addition, the ability for continuous on-line monitoring allows for numerous benefits. Researchers from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) are developing three non-destructive assay technologies designed to meet safeguards needs at reprocessing facilities in the future, providing the ability to monitor these activities autonomously, continuously, and in near-real-time (NRT). Raman and spectrophotometric techniques are being evaluated for on-line real-time monitoring of the U(VI)/nitrate ion/nitric acid and Pu(IV)/Np(V)/Nd(III), respectively. Both techniques demonstrated robust performance in the repetitive batch measurements of each analyte in a wide concentration range. Static spectroscopic measurements serve as training sets for the multivariate data analysis to obtain partial least squares predictive models. These models have been validated using on-line centrifugal contactor extraction tests. Another technology being developed is the Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor, which relies on the collection and NRT multivariate analysis of gamma spectra taken at discrete locations within a recycling facility. Using PCA (principal components analysis) or another multivariate technique, it is possible to automatically compare spectral patterns from the gamma-emitting constituents in process streams for statistically relevant signs of changes in the process chemistry or dissolved fuel characteristics in NRT. The MIP monitor is designed to identify small changes in the gamma ray spectra over time emanating from process streams that may indicate an unplanned change in process conditions. These "off-normal" conditions may be caused by incidental upsets within the system or may indicate something more serious, such as an intentional effort to divert special nuclear material for the system by altering process conditions. Initial simulations and experiments have illustrated the MIP monitor's ability to detect and identify changes in process streams through gamma spectra. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V...Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Chairman of the ATALANTE 2012 Program Committee C1 [Schwantes, J. M.; Bryan, S. A.; Orton, C. R.; Levitskaia, Tatiana G.; Pratt, S. H.; Fraga, C. G.; Coble, J. B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Schwantes, JM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6196 J9 PROCEDIA CHEM PY 2012 VL 7 BP 716 EP 724 DI 10.1016/j.proche.2012.10.109 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BDC56 UT WOS:000312637500106 ER PT J AU Min, Q Joseph, E Lin, Y Min, L Yin, B Daum, PH Kleinman, LI Wang, J Lee, YN AF Min, Q. Joseph, E. Lin, Y. Min, L. Yin, B. Daum, P. H. Kleinman, L. I. Wang, J. Lee, Y. -N. TI Comparison of MODIS cloud microphysical properties with in-situ measurements over the Southeast Pacific SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VOCALS-REX; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; VARIABILITY; RADIUS AB Utilizing the unique characteristics of the cloud over the Southeast Pacific (SEP) off the coast of Chile during the VOCALS field campaign, we compared satellite remote sensing of cloud microphysical properties against in-situ data from multi-aircraft observations, and studied the extent to which these retrieved properties are sufficiently constrained and consistent to reliably quantify the influence of aerosol loading on cloud droplet sizes. After constraining the spatial-temporal coincidence between satellite retrievals and in-situ measurements, we selected 17 non-drizzle comparison pairs. For these cases the mean aircraft profiling times were within one hour of Terra overpasses at both projected and un-projected (actual) aircraft positions for two different averaging domains of 5 km and 25 km. Retrieved quantities that were averaged over a larger domain of 25 km compared better statistically with in-situ observations than averages over a smaller domain of 5 km. Comparison at projected aircraft positions was slightly better than un-projected aircraft positions for some parameters. Overall, both MODIS-retrieved effective radius and LWP were larger but highly correlated with the in-situ measured effective radius and LWP, e. g., for averaging domains of 5 km, the biases are up to 1.75 mu m and 0.02 mm whilst the correlation coefficients are about 0.87 and 0.85, respectively. The observed effective radius difference between the two decreased with increasing cloud drop number concentration (CDNC), and increased with increasing cloud geometrical thickness. Compared to the absolute effective radius difference, the correlations between the relative effective radius difference and CDNC or cloud geometric thickness are weaker. For averaging domains of 5 km and 25 km, the correlation coefficients between MODIS-retrieved and in-situ measured CDNC are 0.91 and 0.93 with fitting slopes of 1.23 and 1.27, respectively. If the cloud adiabaticity is taken into account, better agreements are achieved for both averaging domains (the fitting slopes are 1.04 and 1.07, respectively). Our comparison and sensitivity analysis of simulated retrievals demonstrate that both cloud geometrical thickness and cloud adiabaticity are important factors in satellite retrievals of effective radius and cloud drop number concentration. The large variabilities in cloud geometrical thickness and adiabaticity, the dependencies of cloud microphysical properties on both quantities (as demonstrated in our sensitivity study of simulated retrievals), and the inability to accurately account for either of them in retrievals lead to some uncertainties and biases in satellite retrieved cloud effective radius, cloud liquid water path, and cloud drop number concentration. However, strong correlations between satellite retrievals and in-situ measurements suggest that satellite retrievals of cloud effective radius, cloud liquid water path, and cloud drop number concentration can be used to investigate aerosol indirect effects qualitatively. C1 [Min, Q.; Lin, Y.; Min, L.; Yin, B.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Joseph, E.] Howard Univ, NOAA Ctr Atmospher Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Daum, P. H.; Kleinman, L. I.; Wang, J.; Lee, Y. -N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Min, Q (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM qmin@albany.edu RI Wang, Jian/G-9344-2011 FU US Department of Energy Brookhaven National Laboratory; US DOE's Atmospheric System Research program (Office of Science, OBER) [DE-FG02-03ER63531]; NSF [AGS-1138495]; NOAA Educational Partnership Program with Minority Serving Institutions (EPP/MSI) [NA17AE1625, NA17AE1623]; [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy Brookhaven National Laboratory and US DOE's Atmospheric System Research program (Office of Science, OBER) under contract DE-FG02-03ER63531, by the NSF under contract AGS-1138495, and by the NOAA Educational Partnership Program with Minority Serving Institutions (EPP/MSI) under cooperative agreements NA17AE1625 and NA17AE1623; contributions from PHD, LIK, JW, and YNL were supported by DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 15 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 23 BP 11261 EP 11273 DI 10.5194/acp-12-11261-2012 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WK UT WOS:000312665300002 ER PT J AU Yu, F Luo, G Liu, X Easter, RC Ma, X Ghan, SJ AF Yu, F. Luo, G. Liu, X. Easter, R. C. Ma, X. Ghan, S. J. TI Indirect radiative forcing by ion-mediated nucleation of aerosol SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY ATMOSPHERE MODEL; SULFURIC-ACID; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; PARTICLE FORMATION; VERSION-3 CAM3; COSMIC-RAYS; WATER; PARAMETERIZATION; CLIMATOLOGY; SENSITIVITY AB A clear understanding of particle formation mechanisms is critical for assessing aerosol indirect radiative forcing and associated climate feedback processes. Recent studies reveal the importance of ion-mediated nucleation (IMN) in generating new particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. Here we implement the IMN scheme into the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). Our simulations show that, compared to globally averaged results based on H2SO4-H2O binary homogeneous nucleation (BHN), the presence of ionization (i.e., IMN) halves H2SO4 column burden, but increases the column integrated nucleation rate by around one order of magnitude, total particle number burden by a factor of similar to 3, CCN burden by similar to 10% (at 0.2% supersaturation) to 65% (at 1.0% supersaturation), and cloud droplet number burden by similar to 18 %. Compared to BHN, IMN increases cloud liquid water path by 7.5 %, decreases precipitation by 1.1 %, and increases total cloud cover by 1.9%. This leads to an increase of total shortwave cloud radiative forcing (SWCF) by 3.67 W m(-2) (more negative) and longwave cloud forcing by 1.78 W m(-2) (more positive), with large spatial variations. The effect of ionization on SWCF derived from this study (3.67 W m(-2)) is a factor of similar to 3 higher that of a previous study (1.15 W m(-2)) based on a different ion nucleation scheme and climate model. Based on the present CAM5 simulation, the 5-yr mean impacts of solar cycle induced changes in ionization rates on CCN and cloud forcing are small (similar to-0.02 W m(-2)) but have larger inter-annual (from -0.18 to 0.17 W m(-2)) and spatial variations. C1 [Yu, F.; Luo, G.; Ma, X.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Liu, X.; Easter, R. C.; Ghan, S. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yu, F (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, 251 Fuller Rd, Albany, NY 12203 USA. EM fangqun.yu@asrc.albany.edu RI ma, xiaoyan/D-2308-2014; Liu, Xiaohong/E-9304-2011; Yu, Fangqun/F-3708-2011; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011 OI Liu, Xiaohong/0000-0002-3994-5955; Yu, Fangqun/0000-0003-0874-4883; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699 FU NASA [NNX11AQ72G]; DOE [DE-SC0002199, DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; NSF [0942106]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program; Office of Science Earth System Modeling Program FX This work is supported by NASA under grant NNX11AQ72G, DOE under grant DE-SC0002199 and NSF under grant 0942106. X. Liu, R. Easter and S. Ghan, were funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program and by the Office of Science Earth System Modeling Program. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 19 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 23 BP 11451 EP 11463 DI 10.5194/acp-12-11451-2012 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WK UT WOS:000312665300014 ER PT J AU Pringle, KJ Carslaw, KS Fan, T Mann, GW Hill, A Stier, P Zhang, K Tost, H AF Pringle, K. J. Carslaw, K. S. Fan, T. Mann, G. W. Hill, A. Stier, P. Zhang, K. Tost, H. TI A multi-model assessment of the impact of sea spray geoengineering on cloud droplet number SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MARINE STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; AEROSOL MICROPHYSICS MODEL; GLOBAL CLIMATE MODELS; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; ALBEDO-ENHANCEMENT; SOUTHEAST PACIFIC; SHIP TRACKS; VOCALS-REX AB Artificially increasing the albedo of marine boundary layer clouds by the mechanical emission of sea spray aerosol has been proposed as a geoengineering technique to slow the warming caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gases. A previous global model study (Korhonen et al., 2010) found that only modest increases (<20 %) and sometimes even decreases in cloud drop number (CDN) concentrations would result from emission scenarios calculated using a windspeed dependent geoengineering flux parameterisation. Here we extend that work to examine the conditions under which decreases in CDN can occur, and use three independent global models to quantify maximum achievable CDN changes. We find that decreases in CDN can occur when at least three of the following conditions are met: the injected particle number is < 100 cm(-3), the injected diameter is > 250-300 nm, the background aerosol loading is large (>= 150 cm(-3)) and the in-cloud updraught velocity is low (< 0.2 m s(-1)). With lower background loadings and/or increased updraught velocity, significant increases in CDN can be achieved. None of the global models predict a decrease in CDN as a result of geoengineering, although there is considerable diversity in the calculated efficiency of geoengineering, which arises from the diversity in the simulated marine aerosol distributions. All three models show a small dependence of geoengineering efficiency on the injected particle size and the geometric standard deviation of the injected mode. However, the achievability of significant cloud drop enhancements is strongly dependent on the cloud updraught speed. With an updraught speed of 0.1 m s(-1) a global mean CDN of 375 cm-3 (previously estimated to cancel the forcing caused by CO2 doubling) is achievable in only about 50% of grid boxes which have > 50% cloud cover, irrespective of the amount of aerosol injected. But at stronger updraft speeds (0.2 m s(-1)), higher values of CDN are achievable due to the elevated in-cloud supersaturations. Achieving a value of 375 cm(-3) in regions dominated by stratocumulus clouds with relatively weak updrafts cannot be attained regardless of the number of injected particles, thereby limiting the efficacy of sea spray geoengineering. C1 [Pringle, K. J.; Carslaw, K. S.; Fan, T.; Mann, G. W.] Univ Leeds, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Hill, A.] UK Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Stier, P.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Zhang, K.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. [Zhang, K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tost, H.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. RP Pringle, KJ (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM kirsty@env.leeds.ac.uk RI Carslaw, Ken/C-8514-2009; Zhang, Kai/F-8415-2010; Stier, Philip/B-2258-2008; Tost, Holger/C-3812-2017 OI Carslaw, Ken/0000-0002-6800-154X; Zhang, Kai/0000-0003-0457-6368; Stier, Philip/0000-0002-1191-0128; Tost, Holger/0000-0002-3105-4306 FU Geoengineering Programme of the Oxford Martin School FX We thank the AeroCom aerosol model inter-comparison project for the provision of the global model data used in this study and the development team behind each model. We also thanks A. Nenes for provision of the activation parametrisation code, H. Korhonen for provision of model data and useful discussion and Adrian Lock for provision of the ASTEX simulation diagnostics. P. Stier has been supported by the Geoengineering Programme of the Oxford Martin School. NR 57 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 26 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 23 BP 11647 EP 11663 DI 10.5194/acp-12-11647-2012 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WK UT WOS:000312665300026 ER PT J AU Kajino, M Inomata, Y Sato, K Ueda, H Han, Z An, J Katata, G Deushi, M Maki, T Oshima, N Kurokawa, J Ohara, T Takami, A Hatakeyama, S AF Kajino, M. Inomata, Y. Sato, K. Ueda, H. Han, Z. An, J. Katata, G. Deushi, M. Maki, T. Oshima, N. Kurokawa, J. Ohara, T. Takami, A. Hatakeyama, S. TI Development of the RAQM2 aerosol chemical transport model and predictions of the Northeast Asian aerosol mass, size, chemistry, and mixing type SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DRY DEPOSITION SCHEME; EAST-ASIA; AIR-QUALITY; MIYAKEJIMA VOLCANO; DATA ASSIMILATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; LEAF-AREA; PARAMETERIZATION; EMISSIONS; PRODUCTS AB A new aerosol chemical transport model, the Regional Air Quality Model 2 (RAQM2), was developed to simulate the Asian air quality. We implemented a simple version of a triple-moment modal aerosol dynamics model (MADMS) and achieved a completely dynamic (non-equilibrium) solution of a gas-to-particle mass transfer over a wide range of aerosol diameters from 1 nm to super-mu m. To consider a variety of atmospheric aerosol properties, a category approach was utilized in which the aerosols were distributed into four categories: particles in the Aitken mode (ATK), soot-free particles in the accumulation mode (ACM), soot aggregates (AGR), and particles in the coarse mode (COR). The aerosol size distribution in each category is characterized by a single mode. The condensation, evaporation, and Brownian coagulations for each mode were solved dynamically. A regional-scale simulation (Delta x = 60 km) was performed for the entire year of 2006 covering the Northeast Asian region. The modeled PM1/bulk ratios of the chemical components were consistent with observations, indicating that the simulated aerosol mixing types were consistent with those in nature. The non-sea-salt SO42- mixed with ATK + ACM was the largest at Hedo in summer, whereas the SO42- was substantially mixed with AGR in the cold seasons. Ninety-eight percent of the modeled NO3- was mixed with sea salt at Hedo, whereas 53.7% of the NO3- was mixed with sea salt at Gosan, which is located upwind toward the Asian continent. The condensation of HNO3 onto sea salt particles during transport over the ocean accounts for the difference in the NO3- mixing type at the two sites. Because the aerosol mixing type alters the optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei activity, its accurate prediction and evaluation are indispensable for aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction studies. C1 [Kajino, M.; Deushi, M.; Maki, T.; Oshima, N.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan. [Kajino, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Inomata, Y.; Sato, K.; Kurokawa, J.] Asia Ctr Air Pollut Res, Nishi Ku, Niigata 9502144, Japan. [Ueda, H.] Toyohashi Inst Technol, Tempaku Ku, Toyohashi, Aichi 9502144, Japan. [Han, Z.; An, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Katata, G.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. [Ohara, T.; Takami, A.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. [Hatakeyama, S.] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838509, Japan. RP Kajino, M (reprint author), Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan. EM kajino@mri-jma.go.jp RI Oshima, Naga/E-4708-2012; Hatakeyama, Shiro/D-2001-2010 OI Hatakeyama, Shiro/0000-0002-9357-4091 FU Ministry of the Environment of Japan [B-0905, A-1101]; Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (MEXT) [23310018] FX This research was promoted by the Fundamental Research Budget of the Meteorological Research Institute of Japan, "Studies on Atmospheric Aerosol Properties and Processes". The study was partly supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (Project No. B-0905 and A-1101) of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan and the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (MEXT) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 23310018, 2011. NR 73 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 24 BP 11833 EP 11856 DI 10.5194/acp-12-11833-2012 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WR UT WOS:000312666100005 ER PT J AU Liu, X Shi, X Zhang, K Jensen, EJ Gettelman, A Barahona, D Nenes, A Lawson, P AF Liu, X. Shi, X. Zhang, K. Jensen, E. J. Gettelman, A. Barahona, D. Nenes, A. Lawson, P. TI Sensitivity studies of dust ice nuclei effect on cirrus clouds with the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5 SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID UPPER-TROPOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE LAYER; VERSION 3 CAM3; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; CLIMATE MODELS; MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; WATER-VAPOR AB In this study the effect of dust aerosol on upper tropospheric cirrus clouds through heterogeneous ice nucleation is investigated in the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5) with two ice nucleation parameterizations. Both parameterizations consider homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation and the competition between the two mechanisms in cirrus clouds, but differ significantly in the number concentration of heterogeneous ice nuclei (IN) from dust. Heterogeneous nucleation on dust aerosol reduces the occurrence frequency of homogeneous nucleation and thus the ice crystal number concentration in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) cirrus clouds compared to simulations with pure homogeneous nucleation. Global and annual mean shortwave and longwave cloud forcing are reduced by up to 2.0 +/- 0.1 W m(-2) (1 sigma uncertainty) and 2.4 +/- 0.1 W m(-2), respectively due to the presence of dust IN, with the net cloud forcing change of -0.40 +/- 0.20 W m(-2). Comparison of model simulations with in situ aircraft data obtained in NH mid-latitudes suggests that homogeneous ice nucleation may play an important role in the ice nucleation at these regions with temperatures of 205-230 K. However, simulations overestimate observed ice crystal number concentrations in the tropical tropopause regions with temperatures of 190-205 K, and overestimate the frequency of occurrence of high ice crystal number concentration (> 200 L-1) and underestimate the frequency of low ice crystal number concentration (< 30 L-1) at NH mid-latitudes. These results highlight the importance of quantifying the number concentrations and properties of heterogeneous IN (including dust aerosol) in the upper troposphere from the global perspective. C1 [Liu, X.; Shi, X.; Zhang, K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Shi, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Jensen, E. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Gettelman, A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Barahona, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Barahona, D.] IM Syst Grp, Rockville, MD USA. [Nenes, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nenes, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lawson, P.] SPEC Inc, Boulder, CO USA. RP Liu, X (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM xiaohong.liu@pnnl.gov RI Liu, Xiaohong/E-9304-2011; Zhang, Kai/F-8415-2010; Barahona, Donifan/G-4157-2011 OI Liu, Xiaohong/0000-0002-3994-5955; Zhang, Kai/0000-0003-0457-6368; FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Atmospheric System Research (ASR) and Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models (EaSM) Programs; NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction Program [WBS 802678.02.17.01.07]; DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX Support for X. Liu was provided from the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Atmospheric System Research (ASR) and Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models (EaSM) Programs. Support for Donifan Barahona was provided by the NASA Modeling, Analysis and Prediction Program under WBS 802678.02.17.01.07. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 86 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 37 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 24 BP 12061 EP 12079 DI 10.5194/acp-12-12061-2012 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WR UT WOS:000312666100020 ER PT J AU Lin, JT Liu, Z Zhang, Q Liu, H Mao, J Zhuang, G AF Lin, J. -T. Liu, Z. Zhang, Q. Liu, H. Mao, J. Zhuang, G. TI Modeling uncertainties for tropospheric nitrogen dioxide columns affecting satellite-based inverse modeling of nitrogen oxides emissions SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; UNITED-STATES; NOX EMISSIONS; PHOTOCHEMICAL DATA; AEROSOL EMISSIONS; CLIMATE MODEL; TRACE GASES; AIR-QUALITY; INTEX-B AB Errors in chemical transport models (CTMs) interpreting the relation between space-retrieved tropospheric column densities of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) have important consequences on the inverse modeling. They are however difficult to quantify due to lack of adequate in situ measurements, particularly over China and other developing countries. This study proposes an alternate approach for model evaluation over East China, by analyzing the sensitivity of modeled NO2 columns to errors in meteorological and chemical parameters/processes important to the nitrogen abundance. As a demonstration, it evaluates the nested version of GEOS-Chem driven by the GEOS-5 meteorology and the INTEX-B anthropogenic emissions and used with retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) to constrain emissions of NOx. The CTM has been used extensively for such applications. Errors are examined for a comprehensive set of meteorological and chemical parameters using measurements and/or uncertainty analysis based on current knowledge. Results are exploited then for sensitivity simulations perturbing the respective parameters, as the basis of the following post-model linearized and localized first-order modification. It is found that the model meteorology likely contains errors of various magnitudes in cloud optical depth, air temperature, water vapor, boundary layer height and many other parameters. Model errors also exist in gaseous and heterogeneous reactions, aerosol optical properties and emissions of non-nitrogen species affecting the nitrogen chemistry. Modifications accounting for quantified errors in 10 selected parameters increase the NO2 columns in most areas with an average positive impact of 18% in July and 8% in January, the most important factor being modified uptake of the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) on aerosols. This suggests a possible systematic model bias such that the top-down emissions will be overestimated by the same magnitude if the model is used for emission inversion without corrections. The modifications however cannot eliminate the large model underestimates in cities and other extremely polluted areas (particularly in the north) as compared to satellite retrievals, likely pointing to underestimates of the a priori emission inventory in these places with important implications for understanding of atmospheric chemistry and air quality. Note that these modifications are simplified and should be interpreted with caution for error apportionment. C1 [Lin, J. -T.] Peking Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Liu, Z.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Zhang, Q.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Liu, H.] Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Mao, J.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. [Mao, J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. [Zhuang, G.] Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Ctr Atmospher Chem Study, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Lin, JT (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM linjt@pku.edu.cn RI Lin, Jintai/A-8872-2012; Mao, Jingqiu/F-2511-2010; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Liu, Zhen/C-3027-2011; 杨, 宇栋/F-6250-2012 OI Lin, Jintai/0000-0002-2362-2940; Mao, Jingqiu/0000-0002-4774-9751; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41005078, 41175127, 41128005]; MOST, China [2010DFA92230] FX This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant 41005078 and 41175127. The work of G. Zhuang is supported by the great international collaboration project of MOST, China (2010DFA92230), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41128005, fund for collaboration with oversea scholars). We acknowledge the free use of tropospheric NO2 column data from www.temis.nl, MODIS AOD data from NASA, and meteorological data from NOAA NCDC and the ISCCP project. We thank Randall V. Martin and Mathew Evans for useful comments. NR 80 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 45 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 24 BP 12255 EP 12275 DI 10.5194/acp-12-12255-2012 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WR UT WOS:000312666100032 ER PT J AU Lee, H Rahn, T Throop, HL AF Lee, H. Rahn, T. Throop, H. L. TI A novel source of atmospheric H-2: abiotic degradation of organic material SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; CARBON-MONOXIDE; LEAF-LITTER; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; METHYL-CHLORIDE; UV-RADIATION; PLANT PECTIN; TEMPERATURE; EMISSIONS; METHANE AB Molecular hydrogen (H-2) plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry by competing for reactions with the hydroxyl radical (OH center dot) and contributing to the production of H2O in the stratosphere, indirectly influencing stratospheric ozone concentrations. The dominant pathway for loss of H-2 from the atmosphere is via microbially-mediated soil uptake, although the magnitude of this loss is still regarded as highly uncertain. Recent studies have shown that abiotic processes such as photochemically mediated degradation (photodegradation) of organic material result in direct emissions of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N)-based trace gases as well as H-2. This H-2 production has important implications on sourcesink dynamics of H-2 at the soil-atmosphere interface and thus it is important to quantify its variability over a range of plant types and materials. Here, we show laboratory observations of H-2 production and its temperature dependence during abiotic degradation of four plant litter types as well as pure cellulose and high lignin content woody material. A greater amount of H-2 was produced in the absence of solar radiation than from photodegradation alone, verifying that low temperature thermal degradation of plant litter is a source of H-2. In addition, we measured a significant release of H-2 both in the presence and absence of O-2. Our results suggest that abiotic release of H-2 during organic matter degradation is ubiquitous in arid ecosystems and may also occur in other terrestrial ecosystems. We propose that because these processes occur at the soil-atmosphere interface, they provide a previously unrecognized proximal source of H-2 for microbial uptake and confound interpretation of direct measurements of atmospheric uptake that are important for constraining the global H-2 budget. C1 [Lee, H.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Rahn, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Throop, H. L.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Lee, H (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM hannal@ucar.edu RI Throop, Heather/D-6391-2012; Rahn, Thom/C-5211-2012 OI Throop, Heather/0000-0002-7963-4342; Rahn, Thomas/0000-0001-8634-1348; FU LANL-NMSU; LANL Institutes; NSF DEB [0815808] FX This research was funded by a LANL-NMSU Memorandum of Understanding grant (HLT and TR), the LANL Institutes, and NSF DEB 0815808 to New Mexico State University (HLT). NR 36 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 21 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2012 VL 9 IS 11 BP 4411 EP 4419 DI 10.5194/bg-9-4411-2012 PG 9 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 058XC UT WOS:000312667300016 ER PT J AU Angert, A Muhr, J Juarez, RN Munoz, WA Kraemer, G Santillan, JR Barkan, E Mazeh, S Chambers, JQ Trumbore, SE AF Angert, A. Muhr, J. Juarez, R. Negron Alegria Munoz, W. Kraemer, G. Ramirez Santillan, J. Barkan, E. Mazeh, S. Chambers, J. Q. Trumbore, S. E. TI Internal respiration of Amazon tree stems greatly exceeds external CO2 efflux SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PLATANUS-OCCIDENTALIS L.; XYLEM SAP; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; CARBON ALLOCATION; ATMOSPHERIC O-2; WOODY-TISSUE; OXYGEN; DIFFUSION; TRANSPORT; ASSIMILATION AB Respiration in tree stems is an important component of forest carbon balance. The rate of CO2 efflux from the stem has often been assumed to be a measure of stem respiration. However, recent work in temperate forests has demonstrated that stem CO2 efflux can either overestimate or underestimate respiration rate because of emission or removal of CO2 by transport in xylem water. Here, we studied gas exchange from stems of tropical forest trees using a new approach to better understand respiration in an ecosystem that plays a key role in the global carbon cycle. Our main questions were (1) is internal CO2 transport important in tropical trees, and, if so, (2) does this transport result in net release of CO2 respired in the roots at the stem, or does it cause the opposite effect of net removal of stem-respired CO2? To answer these questions, we measured the ratio of stem CO2 efflux to O-2 influx. This ratio, defined here as apparent respiratory quotient (ARQ), is expected to equal 1.0 if carbohydrates are the substrate for respiration, and the net transport of CO2 in the xylem water is negligible. Using a stem chamber approach to quantifying ARQ, we found values of 0.66 +/- 0.18. These low ARQ values indicate that a large portion of respired CO2 (similar to 35 %) is not emitted locally, and is probably transported upward in the stem. ARQ values of 0.21 +/- 0.10 were found for the steady-state gas concentration within the stem, sampled by in-stem equilibration probes. These lower values may result from the proximity to the xylem water stream. In contrast, we found ARQ values of 1.00 +/- 0.13 for soil respiration. Our results indicate the existence of a considerable internal flux of CO2 in the stems of tropical trees. If the transported CO2 is used in the canopy as a substrate for photosynthesis, it could account for up to 10% of the C fixed by the tree, and perhaps serve as a mechanism that buffers the response of the tree to changing CO2 levels. Our results also indicate, in agreement with previous work, that the widely used CO2 efflux approach for determining stem respiration is unreliable. We demonstrate here a field applicable approach for measuring the O-2 uptake rate, which we suggest to be a more appropriate method to estimate stem respiration rates. C1 [Angert, A.; Barkan, E.; Mazeh, S.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Muhr, J.; Trumbore, S. E.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Dept Biogeochem Proc, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Juarez, R. Negron] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Alegria Munoz, W.; Kraemer, G.; Ramirez Santillan, J.] Univ Nacl Amazonia Peruana, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Iquitos, Peru. [Chambers, J. Q.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Angert, A (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM angert@gmail.com RI Trumbore, Susan/B-1948-2013; Chambers, Jeffrey/J-9021-2014; Negron-Juarez, Robinson/I-6289-2016 OI Chambers, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3983-7847; FU ISF [870/08]; Ring Foundation FX The authors thank Menachem Moshelion and Hezi Gildor for fruitful discussion and Eyal Wurgaft for his help with the O2 analysis. AA was partly supported by ISF grant #870/08 and by Ring Foundation grant. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 51 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2012 VL 9 IS 12 BP 4979 EP 4991 DI 10.5194/bg-9-4979-2012 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 058XJ UT WOS:000312668100006 ER PT S AU Rao, NSV AF Rao, Nageswara S. V. BE Parashar, M Kaushik, D Rana, OF Samtaney, R Yang, YY Zomaya, A TI Analytical and Experimental Methods for High-Performance Network Testing SO CONTEMPORARY COMPUTING SE Communications in Computer and Information Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Contemporary Computing CY AUG 06-08, 2012 CL Jaypee Inst Informat Technol, Noida, INDIA HO Jaypee Inst Informat Technol C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM raons@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1865-0929 BN 978-3-642-32128-3 J9 COMM COM INF SC PY 2012 VL 306 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BDB48 UT WOS:000312464300002 ER PT S AU Vahsen, SE Feng, H Garcia-Sciveres, M Jaegle, I Kadyk, J Nguyen, Y Rosen, M Ross, S Thorpe, T Yamaoka, J AF Vahsen, S. E. Feng, H. Garcia-Sciveres, M. Jaegle, I. Kadyk, J. Nguyen, Y. Rosen, M. Ross, S. Thorpe, T. Yamaoka, J. BE Mayet, F Santos, D TI THE DIRECTIONAL DARK MATTER DETECTOR (D-3) SO CYGNUS 2011: THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIRECTIONAL DETECTION OF DARK MATTER SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Directional Detection of Dark Matter CY JUN 08-10, 2011 CL Savoie, FRANCE SP LPSC Grenoble AB Gas-filled Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) with Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) and pixels appear suitable for direction-sensitive WIMP dark matter searches. We present the background and motivation for our work on this technology, past and ongoing prototype work, and a development path towards an affordable, 1-m(3)-scale directional dark matter detector, D-3. Such a detector may be particularly suitable for low-mass WIMP searches, and perhaps sufficiently sensitive to clearly determine whether the signals seen by DAMA, CoGeNT, and CRESST-II are due to low-mass WIMPs or background. C1 [Vahsen, S. E.; Feng, H.; Jaegle, I.; Rosen, M.; Ross, S.; Thorpe, T.; Yamaoka, J.] Univ Hawaii, 2505 Correa Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Kadyk, J.; Nguyen, Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vahsen, SE (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, 2505 Correa Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM sevahsen@hawaii.edu; jaegle@phys.hawaii.edu NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-0721-5 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2012 VL 53 BP 43 EP + DI 10.1051/eas/1253006 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDD97 UT WOS:000312878100006 ER PT J AU Morozovska, AN Eliseev, EA Glinchuk, MD Chen, LQ Kalinin, SV Gopalan, V AF Morozovska, A. N. Eliseev, E. A. Glinchuk, M. D. Chen, Long Qing Kalinin, S. V. Gopalan, V. TI Impact of Free Charges on Polarization and Pyroelectricity in Antiferrodistortive Structures and Surfaces Induced by a Flexoelectric Effect SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Symposium on Ferroic Domains and Micro-to Nanoscopic Structures, Russia-CIS-Baltic-Japan Symposium (ISFD-RCBJSF)on Ferroelectricity CY AUG 20-24, 2012 CL Ekaterinburg, RUSSIA DE Flexoelectric effect; antiferrodistortive phase; antiphase and twin boundaries ID CRYSTALS; FERROELECTRICITY; TRANSITION; SRTIO3; PHASE AB Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory has been used to show that the combined effect of flexoelectricity and rotostriction can lead to a spontaneous polarization and pyro-electricity in the vicinity of antiphase boundaries, structural twin walls, surfaces, and interfaces in the octahedrally tilted phase of otherwise non-ferroelectric SrTiO3. In particular, the spontaneous polarization reaches the values similar to 0.1-5 mu C/cm(2) at the SrTiO3 antiphase boundaries and twins without free charges. In the current study we consider the contribution of free charges and show that the spontaneous polarization reaches the values similar to 1-5 mu C/cm(2) in the case. Pyroelectric coefficients also strongly increase allowing for the free charges. C1 [Morozovska, A. N.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. [Eliseev, E. A.; Glinchuk, M. D.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Problems Mat Sci, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine. [Chen, Long Qing; Gopalan, V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Morozovska, AN (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. EM morozo@i.com.ua; vxg8@psu.edu RI Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012 OI Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0908718, DMR-0820404, DMR-1210588]; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX Authors gratefully acknowledge multiple discussions with Daniel Litvin and Behera K. Rakesh. National Science Foundation (DMR-0908718, DMR-0820404, DMR-1210588) are acknowledged by V. G., L. Q. C. A.N.M., E. A. E., M. D. G. acknowledges Ukrainian State Fund for Fundamental Researches, joint project SFFR-NSF. Research was supported (for S. V. K.) by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0015-0193 EI 1563-5112 J9 FERROELECTRICS JI Ferroelectrics PY 2012 VL 438 BP 32 EP 44 DI 10.1080/00150193.2012.744257 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 058ZL UT WOS:000312673800004 ER PT J AU Lim, JQ Tennakoon, C Li, GL Wong, E Ruan, YJ Wei, CL Sung, WK AF Lim, Jing-Quan Tennakoon, Chandana Li, Guoliang Wong, Eleanor Ruan, Yijun Wei, Chia-Lin Sung, Wing-Kin TI BatMeth: improved mapper for bisulfite sequencing reads on DNA methylation SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLOME ANALYSIS; HUMAN GENOME; ALIGNMENT; ARABIDOPSIS; SOFTWARE; MAPS AB DNA methylation plays a crucial role in higher organisms. Coupling bisulfite treatment with next generation sequencing enables the interrogation of 5-methylcytosine sites in the genome. However, bisulfite conversion introduces mismatches between the reads and the reference genome, which makes mapping of Illumina and SOLiD reads slow and inaccurate. BatMeth is an algorithm that integrates novel Mismatch Counting, List Filtering, Mismatch Stage Filtering and Fast Mapping onto Two Indexes components to improve unique mapping rate, speed and precision. Experimental results show that BatMeth is faster and more accurate than existing tools. BatMeth is freely available at http://code.google.com/p/batmeth/. C1 [Lim, Jing-Quan; Tennakoon, Chandana; Sung, Wing-Kin] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Comp Sci, Singapore 117417, Singapore. [Tennakoon, Chandana] CeLS, NUS Grad Sch Integrat Sci & Engn, Singapore 117456, Singapore. [Li, Guoliang; Wong, Eleanor; Ruan, Yijun; Sung, Wing-Kin] Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore. [Wong, Eleanor; Wei, Chia-Lin] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117543, Singapore. [Wei, Chia-Lin] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Sung, WK (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Comp Sci, Singapore 117417, Singapore. EM ksung@comp.nus.edu.sg RI Li, Guoliang/I-1494-2015 OI Li, Guoliang/0000-0003-1601-6640 FU MOEs AcRF Tier 2 funding [R-252-000-444-112] FX This research is supported in part by MOEs AcRF Tier 2 funding R-252-000-444-112. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 SI SI AR R82 DI 10.1186/gb-2012-13-10-R82 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 065XQ UT WOS:000313183900001 PM 23034162 ER PT J AU Tian, ZX Tolic, N Zhao, R Moore, RJ Hengel, SM Robinson, EW Stenoien, DL Wu, S Smith, RD Pasa-Tolic, L AF Tian, Zhixin Tolic, Nikola Zhao, Rui Moore, Ronald J. Hengel, Shawna M. Robinson, Errol W. Stenoien, David L. Wu, Si Smith, Richard D. Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana TI Enhanced top-down characterization of histone post-translational modifications SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Saltless WCX-HILIC; top-down; histone; posttranslational modification ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; H4; ISOFORMS; REPAIR; DOMAIN; CODE; H3 AB Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of core histones work synergistically to fine tune chromatin structure and function, generating a so-called histone code that can be interpreted by a variety of chromatin interacting proteins. We report a novel online two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) platform for high-throughput and sensitive characterization of histone PTMs at the intact protein level. The platform enables unambiguous identification of 708 histone isoforms from a single 2D LC-MS/MS analysis of 7.5 mu g purified core histones. The throughput and sensitivity of comprehensive histone modification characterization is dramatically improved compared with more traditional platforms. C1 [Tian, Zhixin; Tolic, Nikola; Zhao, Rui; Hengel, Shawna M.; Robinson, Errol W.; Wu, Si; Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tian, Zhixin] Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, Peoples R China. [Moore, Ronald J.; Stenoien, David L.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pasa-Tolic, L (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ljiljana.pasatolic@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; tian, zhixin/A-3958-2015 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; tian, zhixin/0000-0002-2877-8282 FU William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) Intramural Research and Capability Development Program; US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); NIH National Center for Research Resources [RR018522]; DOE-OBER; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO1830] FX We thank Prof. Neil Kelleher for providing the ProSightPC program. Portions of this work were supported by the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) Intramural Research and Capability Development Program, the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), and the NIH National Center for Research Resources (grant RR018522). The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE-OBER and located at the PNNL. PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. NR 21 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 44 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-7596 J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 SI SI AR R86 DI 10.1186/gb-2012-13-10-R86 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 065XQ UT WOS:000313183900005 PM 23034525 ER PT J AU Ke, Y Leung, LR Huang, M Coleman, AM Li, H Wigmosta, MS AF Ke, Y. Leung, L. R. Huang, M. Coleman, A. M. Li, H. Wigmosta, M. S. TI Development of high resolution land surface parameters for the Community Land Model SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION CONTINUOUS FIELD; LEAF-AREA INDEX; LAI PRODUCTS; MODIS; VALIDATION; FOREST; NEEDS AB There is a growing need for high-resolution land surface parameters as land surface models are being applied at increasingly higher spatial resolution offline as well as in regional and global models. The default land surface parameters for the most recent version of the Community Land Model (i.e. CLM 4.0) are at 0.5 degrees or coarser resolutions, released with the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Plant Functional Types (PFTs), vegetation properties such as Leaf Area Index (LAI), Stem Area Index (SAI), and non-vegetated land covers were developed using remotely sensed datasets retrieved in late 1990's and the beginning of this century. In this study, we developed new land surface parameters for CLM 4.0, specifically PFTs, LAI, SAI and non-vegetated land cover composition, at 0.05 degrees resolution globally based on the most recent MODIS land cover and improved MODIS LAI products. Compared to the current CLM 4.0 parameters, the new parameters produced a decreased coverage by bare soil and trees, but an increased coverage by shrub, grass, and cropland. The new parameters result in a decrease in global seasonal LAI, with the biggest decrease in boreal forests; however, the new parameters also show a large increase in LAI in tropical forest. Differences between the new and the current parameters are mainly caused by changes in the sources of remotely sensed data and the representation of land cover in the source data. Advantages and disadvantages of each dataset were discussed in order to provide guidance on the use of the data. The new high-resolution land surface parameters have been used in a coupled land-atmosphere model (WRF-CLM) applied to the western US to demonstrate their use in high-resolution modeling. A remapping method from the latitude/longitude grid of the CLM data to the WRF grids with map projection was also demonstrated. Future work will include global offline CLM simulations to examine the impacts of source data resolution and subsequent land parameter changes on simulated land surface processes. C1 [Ke, Y.; Leung, L. R.; Huang, M.; Coleman, A. M.; Li, H.; Wigmosta, M. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ke, Y.] Capital Normal Univ, Dept Resource Environm & Tourism, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. RP Leung, LR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ruby.leung@pnnl.gov RI Li, Hong-Yi/C-9143-2014; Huang, Maoyi/I-8599-2012 OI Li, Hong-Yi/0000-0001-5690-3610; Huang, Maoyi/0000-0001-9154-9485 FU Department of Energy Earth System Modeling Program; DOE [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX Development of the high-resolution surface parameters and the WRF-CLM coupled simulation was supported by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Integrated Regional Earth System Modeling (iRESM) Initiative. Analysis and evaluation of the high-resolution surface parameters were supported as part of the efforts to develop a new subgrid classification scheme for CLM for the Climate Science for Sustainable Energy Future (CSSEF) Project funded by the Department of Energy Earth System Modeling Program. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 38 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 49 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1341 EP 1362 DI 10.5194/gmd-5-1341-2012 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 059HW UT WOS:000312696000002 ER PT J AU Kajino, M Deushi, M Maki, T Oshima, N Inomata, Y Sato, K Ohizumi, T Ueda, H AF Kajino, M. Deushi, M. Maki, T. Oshima, N. Inomata, Y. Sato, K. Ohizumi, T. Ueda, H. TI Modeling wet deposition and concentration of inorganics over Northeast Asia with MRI-PM/c SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID EAST-ASIA; AEROSOL; SULFATE; DUST; PARAMETERIZATION; VARIABILITY; ATMOSPHERE; EMISSIONS; NITRATE; NUCLEI AB We conducted a regional-scale simulation over Northeast Asia for the year 2006 using an aerosol chemical transport model, with time-varying lateral and upper boundary concentrations of gaseous species predicted by a global stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry-climate model. The present one-way nested global-through-regional-scale model is named the Meteorological Research Institute-Passive-tracers Model system for atmospheric Chemistry (MRI-PM/c). We evaluated the model's performance with respect to the major anthropogenic and natural inorganic components, SO42-, NH4+, NO3-, Na+ and Ca2+ in the air, rain and snow measured at the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) stations. Statistical analysis showed that approximately 40-50% and 70-80% of simulated concentration and wet deposition of SO42-, NH4+, NO3- and Ca2+ are within factors of 2 and 5 of the observations, respectively. The prediction of the sea-salt originated component Na+ was not successful at near-coastal stations (where the distance from the coast ranged from 150 to 700 m), because the model grid resolution (Delta x = 60 km) is too coarse to resolve it. The simulated Na+ in precipitation was significantly underestimated by up to a factor of 30. C1 [Kajino, M.; Deushi, M.; Maki, T.; Oshima, N.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan. [Kajino, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Inomata, Y.; Sato, K.; Ohizumi, T.] Asia Ctr Air Pollut Res, Nishi Ku, Niigata 9502144, Japan. [Ueda, H.] Toyohashi Inst Technol, Tempaku Ku, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan. RP Kajino, M (reprint author), Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan. EM kajino@mri-jma.go.jp RI Oshima, Naga/E-4708-2012 FU Fundamental Research Budget of the Meteorological Research Institute of Japan; Environment Research and Technology Development Fund of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan [B-0905, A-1101]; Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (MEXT) [23310018] FX This research was supported by the Fundamental Research Budget of the Meteorological Research Institute of Japan, "Studies on Properties and Processes of Atmospheric Aerosols." The study was partly supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (Project No. B-0905 and A-1101) of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan, and the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (MEXT), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 23310018, 2011. M. K. thanks Hiroshi Hara of Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Kazuhide Matsuda of Meisei University, and Naoto Kihara of the Central Research Institute of the Electric Power Industry for the useful discussions. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1363 EP 1375 DI 10.5194/gmd-5-1363-2012 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 059HW UT WOS:000312696000003 ER PT J AU Kent, J Jablonowski, C Whitehead, JP Rood, RB AF Kent, J. Jablonowski, C. Whitehead, J. P. Rood, R. B. TI Downscale cascades in tracer transport test cases: an intercomparison of the dynamical cores in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5 SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID SEMI-LAGRANGIAN TRANSPORT; SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; SPECTRAL ELEMENT METHOD; ADVECTION SCHEME; SPHERE; GRIDS; APPROXIMATIONS; SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHMS; PPM AB The accurate modeling of cascades to unresolved scales is an important part of the tracer transport component of dynamical cores of weather and climate models. This paper aims to investigate the ability of the advection schemes in the National Center for Atmospheric Research's Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) to model this cascade. In order to quantify the effects of the different advection schemes in CAM5, four two-dimensional tracer transport test cases are presented. Three of the tests stretch the tracer below the scale of coarse resolution grids to ensure the downscale cascade of tracer variance. These results are compared with a high resolution reference solution, which is simulated on a resolution fine enough to resolve the tracer during the test. The fourth test has two separate flow cells, and is designed so that any tracer in the western hemisphere should not pass into the eastern hemisphere. This is to test whether the diffusion in transport schemes, often in the form of explicit hyper-diffusion terms or implicit through monotonic limiters, contains unphysical mixing. An intercomparison of three of the dynamical cores of the National Center for Atmospheric Research's Community Atmosphere Model version 5 is performed. The results show that the finite-volume (CAM-FV) and spectral element (CAM-SE) dynamical cores model the downscale cascade of tracer variance better than the semi-Lagrangian transport scheme of the Eulerian spectral transform core (CAM-EUL). Each scheme tested produces unphysical mass in the eastern hemisphere of the separate cells test. C1 [Kent, J.; Jablonowski, C.; Whitehead, J. P.; Rood, R. B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Whitehead, J. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kent, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM jdkent@umich.edu RI Jablonowski, Christiane/I-9068-2012; Rood, Richard/C-5611-2008; OI Jablonowski, Christiane/0000-0003-0407-0092; Rood, Richard/0000-0002-2310-4262; Kent, James/0000-0003-4287-4032 FU US Department of Energy's SciDAC program [DE-FG02-07ER64446, DE-SC0006684]; DOE through the LANL/LDRD program FX We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. We would also like to thank Paul Ullrich and Michael Levy for computational assistance. Support for this research has been provided by the US Department of Energy's SciDAC program under grants DE-FG02-07ER64446 and DE-SC0006684. We also thank DOE for support through the LANL/LDRD program. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1517 EP 1530 DI 10.5194/gmd-5-1517-2012 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 059HW UT WOS:000312696000012 ER PT J AU Valcke, S Balaji, V Craig, A DeLuca, C Dunlap, R Ford, RW Jacob, R Larson, J O'Kuinghttons, R Riley, GD Vertenstein, M AF Valcke, S. Balaji, V. Craig, A. DeLuca, C. Dunlap, R. Ford, R. W. Jacob, R. Larson, J. O'Kuinghttons, R. Riley, G. D. Vertenstein, M. TI Coupling technologies for Earth System Modelling SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE; FRAMEWORK; TOOLKIT AB This paper presents a review of the software currently used in climate modelling in general and in CMIP5 in particular to couple the numerical codes representing the different components of the Earth System. The coupling technologies presented show common features, such as the ability to communicate and regrid data, and also offer different functions and implementations. Design characteristics of the different approaches are discussed as well as future challenges arising from the increasing complexity of scientific problems and computing platforms. C1 [Valcke, S.] CERFACS, Sci Univers CERFACS, URA1875, F-31057 Toulouse 01, France. [Balaji, V.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Craig, A.; Vertenstein, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [DeLuca, C.; O'Kuinghttons, R.] NOAA, CIRES, Boulder, CO USA. [Dunlap, R.] Georgia Tech, Coll Comp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, R. W.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Jacob, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Larson, J.] Australian Natl Univ, Inst Math Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Riley, G. D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Valcke, S (reprint author), CERFACS, Sci Univers CERFACS, URA1875, 42 Av G Coriolis, F-31057 Toulouse 01, France. EM valcke@cerfacs.fr FU EU FP7 IS-ENES project [228203]; CNRS-INSU FX This paper is based on the outcome of the Workshop on "Coupling Technologies for Earth System Modelling: Today and Tomorrow" (Valcke and Dunlap, 2011) organised in CERFACS in 2010. We would like to thank all participants who took actively part in the discussions and the EU FP7 IS-ENES project (Contract GA No: 228203) for financial support.; The publication of this article is financed by CNRS-INSU. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2012 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1589 EP 1596 DI 10.5194/gmd-5-1589-2012 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 059HW UT WOS:000312696000016 ER PT S AU Zitzer, B AF Zitzer, Benjamin CA VERITAS Collaboration BE Aharonian, FA Hofmann, W Rieger, FM TI VERITAS Observations of the Crab Pulsar SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Meeting on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY SP Max-Planck-Inst Nucl Phys (MPIK), Springer Verlag, iseg, W-IE-NE-R GmbH DE Crab; Gamma-Ray; Pulsar; IACTS; VERITAS; LIV; GRPs ID GIANT PULSES AB The Crab pulsar has been widely studied across the electromagnetic spectrum from radio to gamma-ray energies. The exact nature of the emission processes taking place in the pulsar is a matter of broad debate. Above a few GeV the energy spectrum turns over suddenly. The shape of this cutoff can provide unique insight in to the particle acceleration processes taking place in the pulsar magnetosphere. Here we discuss the detection of pulsed gamma-rays from the Crab Pulsar above 100 GeV with the VERITAS telescopes in the context of measurements made with the Fermi space telescope below 10 GeV. Limits on the level of flux enhancement of emission correlated with giant radio pulses and dispersion due to Lorentz invariance violation effects will also be presented. C1 [Zitzer, Benjamin; VERITAS Collaboration] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA. RP Zitzer, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1123-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1505 BP 297 EP 300 DI 10.1063/1.4772256 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB83 UT WOS:000312503500043 ER PT S AU Reitberger, K Reimer, O Reimer, A Werner, M Egberts, K Takahashi, H AF Reitberger, K. Reimer, O. Reimer, A. Werner, M. Egberts, K. Takahashi, H. BE Aharonian, FA Hofmann, W Rieger, FM TI Gamma-ray follow-up studies on eta Carinae SO HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Meeting on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY SP Max-Planck-Inst Nucl Phys (MPIK), Springer Verlag, ISEG, W-IE-NE-R GmbH DE Gamma rays: stars; Binaries: general; Stars: binaries ID EMISSION AB The increased exposure in conjunction with the improved instrumental response functions of the Fermi-LAT now allows a more detailed investigation of location, spectral shape and flux time history of the observed gamma-ray emission at the position of eta Carinae. We detect a weak but regular flux decrease over time. This can be understood and interpreted in a colliding-wind binary scenario for orbital modulation of the gamma-ray emission. We find that the spectral shape of the gamma-ray signal agrees with a single emitting particle population in combination with significant absorption by gamma-gamma pair production. Concluding, we are able to report on the first unambiguous detection of GeV gamma-ray emission from a colliding-wind massive star binary. Studying the correlation of the flux decrease with the orbital separation of the binary components allows us to predict the behaviour up to the next periastron passage in 2014. C1 [Reitberger, K.; Reimer, O.; Reimer, A.; Werner, M.; Egberts, K.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, O.; Reimer, A.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Natl Accelerator Lab,SLAC, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. RP Reitberger, K (reprint author), Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013 OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385 FU NASA and DOE in the United States; CEA/ Irfu and IN2P3/ CNRS in France; ASI and INFN in Italy; MEXT, KEK; JAXA in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden FX yy The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/ Irfu and IN2P3/ CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1123-4 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1505 BP 414 EP 417 DI 10.1063/1.4772285 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB83 UT WOS:000312503500072 ER PT B AU Hagenaar, H Shine, R Ryutova, M Dalda, AS AF Hagenaar, H. Shine, R. Ryutova, M. Dalda, A. Sainz BE Sekii, T Watanabe, T Sakurai, T TI Signatures of Moving Magnetic Features in and above the Photosphere SO HINODE-3: THE 3RD HINODE SCIENCE MEETING SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Hinode Science Meeting CY DEC 01-04, 2009 CL Tokyo, JAPAN ID SUNSPOTS; FLUX AB Hinode/SOT observations of NOAA AR 10933 from 2007 Jan 4 16:14 UT - Jan 6 22:20 UT are used to study MMFs (moving magnetic features) in the periphery of the region's large sunspot and the surrounding moat. The data consist of a nearly continuous set of Fe 6302 angstrom Stokes V images with sets of G band and Ca II H filtergrams at various cadences, FOV's, and resolutions plus some SpectroPolarimeter (SP) scans. We also used TRACE images in 171 angstrom to follow any possible signatures at higher temperatures. We applied automatic object recognition and tracking to the MMFs as seen in the Fe 6302 angstrom Stokes V images. An SP scan was used to determine the line profiles for several paths. Reliable inversions have not yet been done, but we find a few locations of possible supersonic downflows from the Stokes IQUV line profiles. The population of MMFs on the East side of the sunspot is much higher than on the opposite side, mostly involving a large number of mixed polarity MMFs. Consequently, the chromosphere shows strongly enhanced brightenings with a clear pattern: enhanced brightenings in Ca H outline the locations where opposite polarity MMFs meet. This activity does not prevent formation of active low lying "closed" loops at coronal temperatures seen in the TRACE 171 angstrom line. The other side, with fewer MMFs, shows a pattern that we found earlier: regions with an MMF deficiency show long living "open" coronal loops. This work was supported by NASA contract NNM07AA01C. C1 [Hagenaar, H.; Shine, R.; Dalda, A. Sainz] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Ryutova, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hagenaar, H (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-790-2 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2012 VL 454 BP 181 EP + PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDA28 UT WOS:000312283700039 ER PT S AU Cramer, CE Brown, SW Lykke, KR Woodward, JT Bailey, S Schlegel, DJ Bolton, AS Brownstein, J Doherty, PE Stubbs, CW Vaz, A Szentgyorgyi, A AF Cramer, Claire E. Brown, Steven W. Lykke, Keith R. Woodward, John T. Bailey, Stephen Schlegel, David J. Bolton, Adam S. Brownstein, Joel Doherty, Peter E. Stubbs, Christopher W. Vaz, Amali Szentgyorgyi, Andrew BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Tunable Laser Techniques for Improving the Precision of Observational Astronomy SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE tunable lasers; photometry; spectroscopy; calibration; wavelength calibration; psf characterization; echelle spectrograph; sky subtraction ID SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; UNIFORM SOURCES; LIGHT CURVES; NIST; FACILITY AB Improving the precision of observational astronomy requires not only new telescopes and instrumentation, but also advances in observing protocols, calibrations and data analysis. The Laser Applications Group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, Maryland has been applying advances in detector metrology and tunable laser calibrations to problems in astronomy since 2007. Using similar measurement techniques, we have addressed a number of seemingly disparate issues: precision flux calibration for broad-band imaging, precision wavelength calibration for high-resolution spectroscopy, and precision PSF mapping for fiber spectrographs of any resolution. In each case, we rely on robust, commercially-available laboratory technology that is readily adapted to use at an observatory. In this paper, we give an overview of these techniques. C1 [Cramer, Claire E.; Brown, Steven W.; Lykke, Keith R.; Woodward, John T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Bailey, Stephen; Schlegel, David J.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Doherty, Peter E.; Stubbs, Christopher W.; Vaz, Amali] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Szentgyorgyi, Andrew] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Cramer, CE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM claire.cramer@nist.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 84500S DI 10.1117/12.925198 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800026 ER PT S AU Edelstein, J Poppett, C Sirk, M Besuner, R Lafever, R Allington-Smith, JR Murray, GJ AF Edelstein, Jerry Poppett, Claire Sirk, Martin Besuner, Robert Lafever, Robin Allington-Smith, Jeremy R. Murray, Graham J. BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Optical Fiber Systems for the BigBOSS Instrument SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Optical fiber; BigBOSS; multi-object spectrograph; focal ratio degradation; fusion splicing AB We describe the fiber optics systems for use in BigBOSS. a proposed massively parallel multi-object spectrograph for the Kitt Peak Mayall 4-in telescope that will measure baryon acoustic oscillations to explore dark energy. BigBOSS will include 5,000 optical fibers each precisely actuator-positioned to collect an astronomical target's flux at the telescope prime-focus. The fibers are to be routed 40m through the telescope facility to feed ten visible-band imaging spectrographs. We report on our fiber component development and performance measurement program. Results include the numerical modeling of focal ratio degradation (FRD), observations of actual fibers' collimated and converging beam FRD, and observations of FRD from different types of fiber terminations, mechanical connectors, and fusion-splice connections. C1 [Edelstein, Jerry; Sirk, Martin; Besuner, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Poppett, Claire; Lafever, Robin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. [Allington-Smith, Jeremy R.; Murray, Graham J.] Univ Durham, Durham, England. RP Edelstein, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 845036 DI 10.1117/12.925196 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800099 ER PT S AU Kuzmenko, PJ Little, SL Little, LM Wilson, JC Skrutskie, MF Hinz, PM Leisenring, JM Durney, O AF Kuzmenko, Paul J. Little, Steve L. Little, Liesl M. Wilson, John C. Skrutskie, Michael F. Hinz, Phillip M. Leisenring, Jarron M. Durney, Oliver BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Fabrication and testing of germanium grisms for LMIRcam SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE infrared; grism; germanium; LMIRcam AB We diamond fly cut 2 sets of germanium grisms for the LMIRcam 3-5 micron Fizeau imager for the combined focus of the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). The grisms mount in a filter wheel near a pupil to enable moderate resolution (R similar to 300) spectroscopy. Both sets have a measured blaze angle of 2.9 degrees. The first set has a groove period of 40 lines/mm and will be used in first order with peak efficiency at 3.6 mu m. The second set has 32 lines/mm It can operate in first order with an efficiency peak near 4.4 mu m and in second order with a peak near 2.3 mu m. First results from testing the grisms in the instrument on the sky with the LBT are presented. C1 [Kuzmenko, Paul J.; Little, Steve L.; Little, Liesl M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-183,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Wilson, John C.; Skrutskie, Michael F.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Hinz, Phillip M.; Durney, Oliver] Univers Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Leisenring, Jarron M.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Kuzmenko, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-183,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kuzmenko1@llnl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Science Foundation [0705296] FX The LLNL portion of his work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LMIRcam is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0705296. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 84503P DI 10.1117/12.926674 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800116 ER PT S AU Kuzmenko, PJ Ikeda, Y Kobayashi, N Mirkarimi, PB Alameda, JB AF Kuzmenko, Paul J. Ikeda, Yuji Kobayashi, Naoto Mirkarimi, Paul B. Alameda, Jennifer B. BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Reflective coating for near infrared immersion gratings SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE immersion grating; near infrared; metal coating; reflective coating; ZnSe; ZnS ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY AB Achieving high reflectivity from an immersed grating facet can be challenging in the near infrared. The reflectivity of metallic coatings in common use, such as Al and Cr/Au, decrease with decreasing wavelength in the near IR. A layer of copper on ZnSe or ZnS should have a high, immersed reflectivity based on tabulated values of refractive index, but in fact performs poorly. We attribute this to a chemical reaction between the copper and the selenium or sulfur. A non-reactive intermediate layer can prevent this problem. Since reflectivity at an interface increases with increasing difference in refractive index, it is beneficial to choose an intermediate layer of low index. A further improvement is gained by adjusting the layer thickness so that reflections from the two interfaces of the intermediate layer add constructively. We sputtered 130 nm of SiO2 onto ZnSe and ZnS substrates followed by 200 nm of Cu. The copper was then coated with 5 nm of SiC as a protective capping layer Immersed reflectivity measured shortly after coating exceeded 95% between 1500 and 1100 nm and exceeded 90% down to 850 nm. A repeat measurement after long term exposure to high humidity conditions showed no changes. C1 [Kuzmenko, Paul J.; Mirkarimi, Paul B.; Alameda, Jennifer B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-183,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Ikeda, Yuji] Photocoding Inc, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6060004, Japan. [Kobayashi, Naoto] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. RP Kuzmenko, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-183,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kuzmenko1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC5207NA27344] FX Thanks to Justin Wolfe for performing the 1053 nm reflectivity measurements. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC5207NA27344. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 84503O DI 10.1117/12.926668 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800115 ER PT S AU Pazder, J Bauman, B Dillon, D Fletcher, M Lacoursiere, J Reshetov, V AF Pazder, John Bauman, Brian Dillon, Daren Fletcher, Murray Lacoursiere, Jean Reshetov, Vlad BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI The optical alignment of the Gemini planet imager adaptive optics bench SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Gemini Telescope; astronomical instrumentation; off-axis paraboloids; optical alignment; Faro Arm; Shack Hartmann wavefront sensor ID AXIS AB The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is a facility instrument under construction for the 8-m Gemini South telescope. This paper describes the methods used for optical alignment of the adaptive optics (AO) bench. The optical alignment of the off-axis paraboloid mirrors was done using a pre-alignment method utilizing a HeNe laser and alignment telescopes followed by a fine-tuning using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and a shear plate. A FARO arm measuring system was used to place the fiducials for the alignment. Using these methods the AO bench was aligned to 13nm RMS of wavefront error. C1 [Pazder, John; Fletcher, Murray; Reshetov, Vlad] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, 5071 W Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Bauman, Brian] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dillon, Daren] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lab Adapt Opt, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Lacoursiere, Jean] Consultant Opt Design & Engn, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4R8, Canada. RP Pazder, J (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, 5071 W Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 845058 DI 10.1117/12.925866 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800163 ER PT S AU Poppett, C Edelestein, J Lampton, M Jelinsky, P Arn, J AF Poppett, Claire Edelestein, Jerry Lampton, Mike Jelinsky, Patrick Arn, James BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Comparing modelling techniques when designing VPH gratings for BigBOSS SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE VPHG; spectroscopy; BigBOSS ID COUPLED-WAVE THEORY AB BigBOSS is a Stage IV Dark Energy instrument based on the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Red Shift Distortions (RSD) techniques using spectroscopic data of 20 million ELG and LRG galaxies at 0.5 <= z <= 1.6 in addition to several hundred thousand QSOs at 0.5 <= z <= 3.5. When designing BigBOSS instrumentation, it is imperative to maximize throughput whilst maintaining a resolving power of between R=1500 and 4000 over a wavelength range of 360-980 nm. Volume phase Holographic (VPH) gratings have been identified as a key technology which will enable the efficiency requirement to be met, however it is important to be able to accurately predict their performance. In this paper we quantitatively compare different modelling techniques in order to assess the parameter space over which they are more capable of accurately predicting measured performance. Finally we present baseline parameters for grating designs that are most suitable for the BigBOSS instrument. C1 [Poppett, Claire] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Edelestein, Jerry; Lampton, Mike; Jelinsky, Patrick] Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Arn, James] Kaiser Opt Syst Inc, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Poppett, C (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM clpoppett@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC03- 76SF00098] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support by the Director, Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC03- 76SF00098. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 845044 DI 10.1117/12.925737 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800129 ER PT S AU Reil, K Bebek, C Besuner, R Lampton, M Roodman, A Sholl, M AF Reil, Kevin Bebek, Christopher Besuner, Robert Lampton, Mike Roodman, Aaron Sholl, Mike BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Guide, Focus/Alignment System for BigBOSS SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE BigBOSS; telescope guiding; focus/alignment; BAO AB The BigBOSS experiment is a proposed DOE-NSF Stage IV dark energy survey. The all sky survey will be used to study the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and growth of large scale structure from 0.2 < z < 3.5. Key to the timely success of BigBOSS is the total optical throughput of the system. The guide, focus/alignment system will provide essential pointing information, field acquisition, atmospheric monitoring and alignment corrections all used to maximize light throughput. C1 [Reil, Kevin; Roodman, Aaron] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Bebek, Christopher; Lampton, Mike; Sholl, Mike] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Besuner, Robert; Lampton, Mike] Univ Calif, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Reil, K (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM reil@slac.stanford.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 845037 DI 10.1117/12.926397 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800100 ER PT S AU Silber, JH Schenk, C Anderssen, E Bebek, C Becker, F Besuner, R Cepeda, M Edelstein, J Heetderks, H Jelinsky, P Johnson, T Karcher, A Perry, P Post, R Sholl, M Wilson, K Zhou, ZX AF Silber, Joseph H. Schenk, Christoph Anderssen, Eric Bebek, Chris Becker, Frederic Besuner, Robert Cepeda, Mario Edelstein, Jerry Heetderks, Henry Jelinsky, Patrick Johnson, Thomas Karcher, Armin Perry, Paul Post, Rodney Sholl, Michael Wilson, Kenneth Zhou, Zengxiang BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Prieto, E TI Design and performance of an R-theta fiber positioner for the BigBOSS instrument SO MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN SPACE-AND GROUND-BASED TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Modern Technologies in Space-and Ground-Based Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Optical fiber positioner; BigBOSS; flexure kinematics; fiber fed spectrograph; miniature actuator AB The BigBOSS instrument is a proposed multi-object spectrograph for the Mayall 4m telescope at Kitt Peak, which will measure the redshift of 20 million galaxies and map the expansion history of the universe over the past 8 billion years, surveying 10-20 times the volume of existing studies. For each 20 minute observation, 5000 optical fibers are individually positioned by a close-packed array of 5000 robotic positioner mechanisms. Key mechanical constraints on the positioners are: empty set12mm hardware envelope, 014mm overlapping patrol zones, open-loop targeting accuracy <= 40 mu m, and step resolution <= 5 mu m, among other requirements on envelope, power, stability, and speed. This paper describes the design and performance of a newly-developed fiber positioner with R-theta polar kinematics, in which a flexure-based linear R-axis is stacked on a rotational theta-axis. Benefits over the usual eccentric parallel axis theta-phi kinematic approach include faster repositioning, simplified anti-collision schemes, and inherent anti-backlash preload. Performance results are given for complete positioner assemblies as well as sub-component hardware characterization. C1 [Silber, Joseph H.; Schenk, Christoph; Anderssen, Eric; Bebek, Chris; Becker, Frederic; Cepeda, Mario; Jelinsky, Patrick; Johnson, Thomas; Karcher, Armin; Perry, Paul; Post, Rodney; Wilson, Kenneth; Zhou, Zengxiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Besuner, Robert; Edelstein, Jerry; Heetderks, Henry; Sholl, Michael] Univ Calif, Berkeley Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Silber, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jhsilber@lbl.gov FU Office of Science; U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC03- 76SF 00098] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Director, Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy, through contract DE- AC03- 76SF 00098. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9151-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8450 AR 845038 DI 10.1117/12.926457 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDB07 UT WOS:000312415800101 ER PT J AU Usabiaga, FB Bell, JB Delgado-Buscalioni, R Donev, A Fai, TG Griffith, BE Peskin, CS AF Usabiaga, Florencio Balboa Bell, John B. Delgado-Buscalioni, Rafael Donev, Aleksandar Fai, Thomas G. Griffith, Boyce E. Peskin, Charles S. TI STAGGERED SCHEMES FOR FLUCTUATING HYDRODYNAMICS SO MULTISCALE MODELING & SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE fluctuating hydrodynamics; staggered grid; giant fluctuations; fluctuation-dissipation balance ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; IMMERSED BOUNDARY METHOD; STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; NONEQUILIBRIUM FLUCTUATIONS; PROJECTION METHOD; APPROXIMATE PROJECTION; INCOMPRESSIBLE-FLOW; MOLECULAR FLUIDS; DIFFUSION; STABILITY AB We develop numerical schemes for solving the isothermal compressible and incompressible equations of fluctuating hydrodynamics on a grid with staggered momenta. We develop a second-order accurate spatial discretization of the diffusive, advective, and stochastic fluxes that satisfies a discrete fluctuation-dissipation balance and construct temporal discretizations that are at least second-order accurate in time deterministically and in a weak sense. Specifically, the methods reproduce the correct equilibrium covariances of the fluctuating fields to the third (compressible) and second (incompressible) orders in the time step, as we verify numerically. We apply our techniques to model recent experimental measurements of giant fluctuations in diffusively mixing fluids in a microgravity environment [A. Vailati et al., Nat. Comm., 2 (2011), 290]. Numerical results for the static spectrum of nonequilibrium concentration fluctuations are in excellent agreement between the compressible and incompressible simulations and in good agreement with experimental results for all measured wavenumbers. C1 [Usabiaga, Florencio Balboa; Delgado-Buscalioni, Rafael] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Bell, John B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Donev, Aleksandar; Fai, Thomas G.; Peskin, Charles S.] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Griffith, Boyce E.] NYU, Sch Med, Leon H Charney Div Cardiol, Dept Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Usabiaga, FB (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM florencio.balboa@uam.es; JBBell@lbl.gov; rafael.delgado@uam.es; donev@courant.nyu.edu; tfai@cims.nyu.edu; griffith@cims.nyu.edu; peskin@courant.nyu.edu RI Balboa Usabiaga, Florencio/L-2381-2013 OI Balboa Usabiaga, Florencio/0000-0003-0130-3532 FU Spanish government [FIS2010-22047-C0S]; Comunidad de Madrid MODELICO-CM [S2009/ESP-1691]; DOE Applied Mathematics Program of the DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [DMS-1115341, OCI 1047734, DMS 1016554]; DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship [DE-FG02-97ER25308] FX These authors' research was supported by the Spanish government FIS2010-22047-C0S and the Comunidad de Madrid MODELICO-CM (S2009/ESP-1691).r The fourth author's research was supported by the DOE Applied Mathematics Program of the DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the National Science Foundation under grant DMS-1115341. The fifth author's research was supported by the DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship under grant DE-FG02-97ER25308.r This author's research was supported by the National Science Foundation under awards OCI 1047734 and DMS 1016554. NR 87 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 24 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1540-3459 EI 1540-3467 J9 MULTISCALE MODEL SIM JI Multiscale Model. Simul. PY 2012 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1369 EP 1408 DI 10.1137/120864520 PG 40 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 059JU UT WOS:000312702100010 ER PT J AU Rizzi, F Najm, HN Debusschere, BJ Sargsyan, K Salloum, M Adalsteinsson, H Knio, OM AF Rizzi, F. Najm, H. N. Debusschere, B. J. Sargsyan, K. Salloum, M. Adalsteinsson, H. Knio, O. M. TI UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION IN MD SIMULATIONS. PART I: FORWARD PROPAGATION SO MULTISCALE MODELING & SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE uncertainty quantification; Bayesian inference; polynomial chaos; molecular dynamics; TIP4P water; adaptive sampling ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS METHOD; MONTE-CARLO ALGORITHMS; POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; LIQUID WATER; PAIR POTENTIALS; ADAPTIVE MCMC; FLUID-FLOW; CONTINUUM; EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS AB This work focuses on quantifying the effect of intrinsic (thermal) noise and parametric uncertainty in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We consider isothermal, isobaric MD simulations of TIP4P (or four-site) water at ambient conditions, T = 298 K and P = 1 atm. Parametric uncertainty is assumed to originate from three force-field parameters that are parametrized in terms of standard uniform random variables. The thermal fluctuations inherent in MD simulations combine with parametric uncertainty to yield nondeterministic, noisy MD predictions of bulk water properties. Relying on polynomial chaos (PC) expansions, we develop a framework that enables us to isolate the impact of parametric uncertainty on the MD predictions and control the effect of the intrinsic noise. We construct the PC representations of quantities of interest (QoIs) using two different approaches: nonintrusive spectral projection (NISP) and Bayesian inference. We verify a priori the legitimacy of the NISP approach by verifying that the MD data satisfy regularity and smoothness conditions in the parameter space. The Bayesian inference approach relies on adaptively sampling the parameter space, based on analyzing the convergence of the PC expansions at different approximation levels. We show that for the present case, the effect of the thermal noise in the atomistic system can be controlled, and the MD predictions for the QoIs can be suitably represented using low-order PC models. C1 [Najm, H. N.; Debusschere, B. J.; Sargsyan, K.; Salloum, M.; Adalsteinsson, H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Rizzi, F.; Knio, O. M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Knio, OM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM frizzi1@jhu.edu; hnnajm@sandia.gov; bjdebus@sandia.gov; ksargsy@sandia.gov; mnsallo@sandia.gov; hadalst@sandia.gov; omar.knio@duke.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-SC0002506]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Received by the editors October 27, 2011; accepted for publication (in revised form) August 21, 2012; published electronically December 12, 2012. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under award DE-SC0002506. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 18 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1540-3459 EI 1540-3467 J9 MULTISCALE MODEL SIM JI Multiscale Model. Simul. PY 2012 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1428 EP 1459 DI 10.1137/110853169 PG 32 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 059JU UT WOS:000312702100012 ER PT J AU Rizzi, F Najm, HN Debusschere, BJ Sargsyan, K Salloum, M Adalsteinsson, H Knio, OM AF Rizzi, F. Najm, H. N. Debusschere, B. J. Sargsyan, K. Salloum, M. Adalsteinsson, H. Knio, O. M. TI UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION IN MD SIMULATIONS. PART II: BAYESIAN INFERENCE OF FORCE-FIELD PARAMETERS SO MULTISCALE MODELING & SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE uncertainty quantification; inverse problem; Bayesian inference; polynomial chaos; molecular dynamics; TIP4P water; surrogate model ID MONTE-CARLO ALGORITHMS; POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; ADAPTIVE MCMC; LIQUID WATER; MODELS; ERGODICITY; TIP4P-EW; OUTPUTS AB This paper explores the inference of small-scale, atomistic parameters, based on the specification of large, or macroscale, observables. Specifically, we focus on estimating a set of force-field parameters for the four-site, TIP4P, water model, based on a synthetic problem involving isothermal, isobaric molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of water at ambient conditions. We exploit the polynomial chaos (PC) expansions developed in Part I as surrogate representations of three macroscale observables, namely density, self-diffusion, and enthalpy, as a function of the force-field parameters. We analyze and discuss the use of two different PC representations in a Bayesian framework for the inference of atomistic parameters, based on synthetic observations of three macroscale observables. The first surrogate is a deterministic PC representation, constructed in Part I using nonintrusive spectral projection (NISP). An alternative strategy exploits a nondeterministic PC representation obtained using Bayesian inference of PC coefficients. We analyze the sensitivity of selected force-field parameters to the macroscale data, namely by exploiting the surrogate models to derive suitable "response" surfaces in the space of random parameters. The performance of both inference strategies is then examined in light of this analysis. The results show that each parameter is very sensitive to certain observables, while being only minimally affected by others. We show that a suitable choice of the observables allows us to recover the presumed "true" set of parameters with high accuracy even with low-order surrogate models. C1 [Najm, H. N.; Debusschere, B. J.; Sargsyan, K.; Salloum, M.; Adalsteinsson, H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Rizzi, F.; Knio, O. M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Knio, OM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM frizzi1@jhu.edu; hnnajm@sandia.gov; bjdebus@sandia.gov; ksargsy@sandia.gov; mnsallo@sandia.gov; hadalst@sandia.gov; omar.knio@duke.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-SC0002506]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Received by the editors October 27, 2011; accepted for publication (in revised form) August 21, 2012; published electronically December 12, 2012. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under award DE-SC0002506. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 11 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1540-3459 EI 1540-3467 J9 MULTISCALE MODEL SIM JI Multiscale Model. Simul. PY 2012 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1460 EP 1492 DI 10.1137/110853170 PG 33 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 059JU UT WOS:000312702100013 ER PT S AU Buric, MP Ohodnicki, PR Duy, J AF Buric, Michael P. Ohodnicki, Paul R., Jr. Duy, Janice BE Dobisz, EA Eldada, LA TI Optical fiber evanescent absorption sensors for high-temperature gas sensing in advanced coal-fired power plants SO NANOENGINEERING: FABRICATION, PROPERTIES, OPTICS, AND DEVICES IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanoengineering - Fabrication, Properties, Optics, and Devices IX CY AUG 14-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE localized surface plasmon resonance; fiber optic; high temperature; gas sensing ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; NANOPARTICLE FILMS; WAVE ABSORPTION; THIN-FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENCE AB Modern advanced energy systems such as coal-fired power plants, gasifiers, or similar infrastructure present some of the most challenging harsh environments for sensors. The power industry would benefit from new, ultra-high temperature devices capable of surviving in hot and corrosive environments for embedded sensing at the highest value locations. For these applications, we are currently exploring optical fiber evanescent wave absorption spectroscopy (EWAS) based sensors consisting of high temperature core materials integrated with novel high temperature gas sensitive cladding materials. Mathematical simulations can be used to assist in sensor development efforts, and we describe a simulation code that assumes a single thick cladding layer with gas sensitive optical constants. Recent work has demonstrated that Au nanoparticle-incorporated metal oxides show a potentially useful response for high temperature optical gas sensing applications through the sensitivity of the localized surface plasmon resonance absorption peak to ambient atmospheric conditions. Hence, the simulation code has been applied to understand how such a response can be exploited in an optical fiber based EWAS sensor configuration. We demonstrate that interrogation can be used to optimize the sensing response in such materials. C1 [Buric, Michael P.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Res & Dev, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Ohodnicki, Paul R., Jr.; Duy, Janice] United States Dept Energy, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Buric, MP (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Off Res & Dev, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9180-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8463 AR 84630D DI 10.1117/12.930015 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BDE65 UT WOS:000312959400006 ER PT S AU Drocco, J Lopatina, LM Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO AF Drocco, J. Lopatina, L. M. Reichhardt, C. Reichhardt, C. J. Olson BE Dholakia, K Spalding, GC TI Dynamics of Self-Driven and Flocking Particles on Periodic Arrays SO OPTICAL TRAPPING AND OPTICAL MICROMANIPULATION IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation IX CY AUG 12-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Active matter; ratchet effect; optical traps ID VORTEX LATTICES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; BACTERIA; MOTORS AB Recently there has been growing interest in what is called active matter, or collections of particles that are self driven rather than driven with an external field. Examples of such systems include swimming bacteria, flocks of birds or fish, and pedestrian flow. There have also been recent experimental realizations of self-driven systems using colloidal particles undergoing self-catalytic interactions. One example of this is light-induced catalysis where the colloids become self-driven in the presence of light. Almost all of these studies have been performed in the absence of a substrate. Here we examine how a substrate can be used to direct the motion of the particles. We demonstrate a self-induced ratchet effect that occurs in the presence of disorder as well as the direction of the particle along symmetry directions of the substrate. The type of substrate we consider may be created using various optical techniques, and studies of this system could lead to insights into the nonequilibrium behavior of active matter as well as to applications such as sorting of different active particle species or of active and non-active particles. C1 [Drocco, J.; Lopatina, L. M.; Reichhardt, C.; Reichhardt, C. J. Olson] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Drocco, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM charlesr@cnls.lanl.gov FU NNSA of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was carried out under the auspices of the NNSA of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9175-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8458 AR 84581I DI 10.1117/12.931268 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDF64 UT WOS:000313034500026 ER PT S AU Drocco, J Reichhardt, C Reichhardt, CJO Bishop, AR AF Drocco, J. Reichhardt, C. Reichhardt, C. J. Olson Bishop, A. R. BE Dholakia, K Spalding, GC TI Statics and dynamics of wetting-dewetting transitions for particles with attractive interactions on periodic substrates SO OPTICAL TRAPPING AND OPTICAL MICROMANIPULATION IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation IX CY AUG 12-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Optical trapping; commensurability; dynamic phases ID SUPERCONDUCTORS AB There are many examples of particle assemblies where the particles have competing repulsive and attractive interactions. In solid state systems, it has recently been proposed that exotic vortex states in type-I and type-II superconducting hybrids and type-1.5 superconductors fall into this category. In soft matter systems, competing interactions can arise for charged colloids with short range attraction or with multiple length scale interactions. Systems with competing interactions have been shown to exhibit a wide variety of patterns including stripes, labyrinths,bubbles,and crystalline phases. Although there has been considerable work analyzing these phases for different relative interaction strengths, there is little work on understanding what happens when such systems are driven over a periodic substrate. Such substrates for collective assemblies of particles could be created lithographically or using optical trap arrays and would introduce a new length scale into the system. Here we examine how a system with competing interactions behaves when interacting with a square periodic substrate. We find a novel wetting-dewetting phenomena similar to that of liquids on surfaces. In the presence of a strong substrate, the pattern formation normally found for particles with competing interactions is lost and the particles completely cover the substrate homogeneously. Under an applied drive, such a wetted system under goes a transition to a partially dewetted state with an isotropic transport and structural features. C1 [Drocco, J.; Reichhardt, C.; Reichhardt, C. J. Olson; Bishop, A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Drocco, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM charlesr@cnls.lanl.gov FU NNSA of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was carried out under the auspics of the NNSA of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 23 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9175-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8458 AR 84581J DI 10.1117/12.931272 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BDF64 UT WOS:000313034500027 ER PT S AU Kassianov, E Flynn, C Redemann, J Schmid, B Russell, PB Sinyuk, A AF Kassianov, Evgueni Flynn, Connor Redemann, Jens Schmid, Beat Russell, Philip B. Sinyuk, Alexander BE Kassianov, EI Comeron, A Picard, RH Schafer, K Singh, UN Pappalardo, G TI Aerosol properties from multi-spectral and multi-angular aircraft 4STAR observations: Expected advantages and challenges SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XVII; AND LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SENSING VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XVII - and Lidar Technologies, Techniques and Measurements for Atmospheric Remote Sensing VIII CY SEP 24-27, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE Spectrometer for Sky-Scanning; Sun-Tracking Atmospheric Research (4STAR); retrievals of aerosol microphysical and optical properties; airborne multi-angular and multi-spectral measurements; sky radiance and direct-beam sun transmittance; operational AERONET aerosol retrieval; direct aerosol radiative forcing; sensitivity study ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; VARIABILITY; AIRBORNE; AERONET; NETWORK AB The airborne Spectrometer for Sky-Scanning, Sun-Tracking Atmospheric Research (4STAR) is developed to retrieve aerosol microphysical and optical properties from multi-angular and multi-spectral measurements of sky radiance and direct-beam sun transmittance. The necessarily compact design of the 4STAR may cause noticeable apparent enhancement of sky radiance at small scattering angles. We assess the sensitivity of expected 4STAR-based aerosol retrieval to such enhancement by applying the operational AERONET retrieval code and synthetic 4STAR-like data. Also, we assess the sensitivity of the broadband radiative fluxes and the direct aerosol radiative forcing to uncertainties in aerosol retrievals associated with the sky radiance enhancement. Our sensitivity study results suggest that the 4STAR-based aerosol retrieval has limitations in obtaining detailed information on particle size distribution and scattering phase function. However, these limitations have small impact on the retrieved bulk optical parameters, such as the asymmetry factor (up to 4%, or +/-0.02) and single-scattering albedo (up to 2%, or +/-0.02), and the calculated direct aerosol radiative forcing (up to 6%, or 2 Wm(-2)). C1 [Kassianov, Evgueni; Flynn, Connor; Schmid, Beat] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kassianov, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9274-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8534 AR 85340J DI 10.1117/12.974744 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDE70 UT WOS:000312962800014 ER PT S AU Kassianov, E Chand, D Berg, L Fast, J Tomlinson, J Ferrare, R Hostetler, C Hair, J AF Kassianov, Evgueni Chand, Duli Berg, Larry Fast, Jerome Tomlinson, Jason Ferrare, Richard Hostetler, Chris Hair, John BE Kassianov, EI Comeron, A Picard, RH Schafer, K Singh, UN Pappalardo, G TI Multi-year Satellite and Surface Observations of AOD in support of Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) Field Campaign SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XVII; AND LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SENSING VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XVII - and Lidar Technologies, Techniques and Measurements for Atmospheric Remote Sensing VIII CY SEP 24-27, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE multi-year aerosol measurements from ground and space; aerosol optical depth; aerosol-layer altitude; ground-based AERONET measurements; satellite-based passive and active aerosol remote sensing; airborne in situ measurements and active remote sensing ID CLOSURE AB We use combined multi-year measurements from the surface and space for assessing the spatial and temporal distribution of aerosol properties within a large (similar to 400x400 km) region centered on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, along the East Coast of the United States. The ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) measurements at Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) site and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensors on board the Terra and Aqua satellites provide horizontal and temporal variations of aerosol optical depth, while the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) offers the altitudes of aerosol-layers. The combined ground-based and satellite measurements indicated several interesting features among which were the large differences in the aerosol properties observed in July and February. We applied the climatology of aerosol properties for designing the Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP), which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. The TCAP field campaign involves 12-month deployment (started July 1, 2012) of the ground-based ARM Mobile Facility (AMF) and Mobile Aerosol Observing System (MAOS) on Cape Cod and complimentary aerosol observations from two research aircraft: the DOE Gulfstream-1 (G-1) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) B200 King Air. Using results from the coordinated G-1 and B200 flights during the recent (July, 2012) Intensive Observation Period, we demonstrated that the G-1 in situ measurements and B200 active remote sensing can provide complementary information on the temporal and spatial changes of the aerosol properties off the coast of North America. C1 [Kassianov, Evgueni; Chand, Duli; Berg, Larry; Fast, Jerome; Tomlinson, Jason] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kassianov, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Tomlinson, Jason/C-6566-2009 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9274-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8534 AR 853407 DI 10.1117/12.977862 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDE70 UT WOS:000312962800004 ER PT J AU Yankov, A Collins, B Klein, M Jessee, MA Zwermann, W Velkov, K Pautz, A Downar, T AF Yankov, Artem Collins, Benjamin Klein, Markus Jessee, Matthew A. Zwermann, Winfried Velkov, Kiril Pautz, Andreas Downar, Thomas TI A Two-Step Approach to Uncertainty Quantification of Core Simulators SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS LA English DT Article AB For the multiple sources of error introduced into the standard computational regime for simulating reactor cores, rigorous uncertainty analysis methods are available primarily to quantify the effects of cross section uncertainties. Two methods for propagating cross section uncertainties through core simulators are the XSUSA statistical approach and the "two-step" method. The XSUSA approach, which is based on the SUSA code package, is fundamentally a stochastic sampling method. Alternatively, the two-step method utilizes generalized perturbation theory in the first step and stochastic sampling in the second step. The consistency of these two methods in quantifying uncertainties in the multiplication factor and in the core power distribution was examined in the framework of phase I-3 of the OECD Uncertainty Analysis in Modeling benchmark. With the Three Mile Island Unit 1 core as a base model for analysis, the XSUSA and two-step methods were applied with certain limitations, and the results were compared to those produced by other stochastic sampling-based codes. Based on the uncertainty analysis results, conclusions were drawn as to the method that is currently more viable for computing uncertainties in burnup and transient calculations. C1 [Yankov, Artem; Collins, Benjamin; Downar, Thomas] Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Klein, Markus; Zwermann, Winfried; Velkov, Kiril; Pautz, Andreas] Gesell Anlagen & Reaktorsicherheit GRS mbH, Reactor Safety Res Div, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Jessee, Matthew A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yankov, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM yankovai@umich.edu OI Jessee, Matthew/0000-0003-2954-4995 FU German Ministry of Economics and Technology; US Nuclear Regulatory Commission; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by the German Ministry of Economics and Technology and the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. This paper has been authored by UT-Battelle LLC under Contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the paper for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this paper, or allow others to do so, for the United States Government purposes. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-6075 J9 SCI TECHNOL NUCL INS JI Sci. Technol. Nucl. Install. PY 2012 AR 767096 DI 10.1155/2012/767096 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 065XX UT WOS:000313184700001 ER PT J AU Gerbner, D Lemons, N Palmer, C Patkos, B Szecsi, V AF Gerbner, Daniel Lemons, Nathan Palmer, Cory Patkos, Balazs Szecsi, Vajk TI ALMOST INTERSECTING FAMILIES OF SETS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON DISCRETE MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE extremal set theory; intersection theorems; Sperner-type theorems ID FINITE SETS; DISJOINT PAIRS; SYSTEMS; THEOREMS; NUMBER AB Let us write D-F(G) = {F is an element of F : F boolean AND G = circle divide} for a set G and a family F. Then a family F of sets is said to be (<= l)-almost intersecting (l-almost intersecting) if for any F is an element of F we have vertical bar D-F(F)vertical bar <= l (vertical bar D-F(F)vertical bar = l). In this paper we investigate the problem of finding the maximum size of an (<= l)-almost intersecting (l-almost intersecting) family F. C1 [Palmer, Cory] Univ Illinois, Dept Math, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gerbner, Daniel; Patkos, Balazs] Hungarian Acad Sci, Alfred Renyi Inst Math, H-1364 Budapest, Hungary. [Lemons, Nathan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Szecsi, Vajk] Cent European Univ, Dept Math & Its Applicat, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary. RP Palmer, C (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Math, 1409 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gerbner@renyi.hu; nlemons@gmail.com; ctpalmer@illinois.edu; patkos@renyi.hu; szvajk@gmail.com FU Hungarian National Scientific Fund [OTKA NK-78439, OTKA K-69062, PD-83586]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences FX The first, second, and third authors were supported by Hungarian National Scientific Fund grant OTKA NK-78439.; The fourth author was supported by Hungarian National Scientific Fund grants OTKA K-69062 and PD-83586 and by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 0895-4801 J9 SIAM J DISCRETE MATH JI SIAM Discret. Math. PY 2012 VL 26 IS 4 BP 1657 EP 1669 DI 10.1137/120878744 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059JG UT WOS:000312700400011 ER PT J AU Peet, YT Fischer, PF AF Peet, Yulia T. Fischer, Paul F. TI STABILITY ANALYSIS OF INTERFACE TEMPORAL DISCRETIZATION IN GRID OVERLAPPING METHODS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE grid overlapping methods; temporal stability; explicit interface extrapolation; backward-differentiation scheme; matrix analysis ID UNSTEADY INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; DIMENSIONS; FRAMEWORK; SCHEMES AB We investigate the stability of a temporal discretization of interface terms in grid overlapping methods. A matrix stability analysis is performed on a model problem of the one-dimensional diffusion equation on overlapping grids. The scheme stability is first analyzed theoretically, and a proof of the unconditional stability of the first-order interface extrapolation scheme with the first- and second-order time integration for any overlap size is presented. For the higher-order schemes, we obtain explicit estimates of the spectral radius of the corresponding discrete matrix operator and document the values of the stability threshold depending on the number of grid points and the size of overlap. The influence of iterations on stability properties is also investigated. Numerical experiments are then presented relating the obtained stability bounds to the observed numerical values. Semidiscrete analysis confirms the derived scaling for the stability bounds. C1 [Peet, Yulia T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Appl Math, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Peet, Yulia T.; Fischer, Paul F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Peet, YT (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM ypeet@asu.edu; fischer@mcs.anl.gov FU NSF RTG grant [DMS-0636574]; SHARP project of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Received by the editors April 18, 2011; accepted for publication (in revised form) October 2, 2012; published electronically December 19, 2012. We acknowledge the financial support of this work by NSF RTG grant DMS-0636574 and the SHARP project of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 0036-1429 J9 SIAM J NUMER ANAL JI SIAM J. Numer. Anal. PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 3375 EP 3401 DI 10.1137/110831234 PG 27 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059VG UT WOS:000312733000025 ER PT J AU Kannan, A Shanbhag, UV AF Kannan, Aswin Shanbhag, Uday V. TI DISTRIBUTED COMPUTATION OF EQUILIBRIA IN MONOTONE NASH GAMES VIA ITERATIVE REGULARIZATION TECHNIQUES SO SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE Nash games; variational inequalities; distributed algorithms; Tikhonov regularization; proximal point; iterative regularization ID PROXIMAL POINT ALGORITHM; UPLINK POWER-CONTROL; VARIATIONAL-INEQUALITIES; NONCOOPERATIVE GAME; OPTICAL NETWORKS; COMPLEMENTARITY-PROBLEMS; CONGESTION CONTROL; OSNR OPTIMIZATION; FLOW-CONTROL; CONVERGENCE AB We consider the development of single-timescale schemes for the distributed computation of equilibria associated with Nash games in which each player solves a convex program. Equilibria associated with such games are wholly captured by the solution set of a variational inequality. Our focus is on a class of games, termed monotone Nash games, that lead to monotone variational inequalities. Distributed extensions of standard approaches for solving such variational problems are characterized by two challenges: (1) Unless suitable assumptions (such as strong monotonicity) are imposed on the mapping arising in the specification of the variational inequality, iterative methods often require the solution of a sequence of regularized problems, a naturally two-timescale process that is harder to implement in practice. (2) Additionally, algorithm parameters for all players (such as steplengths and regularization parameters) have to be chosen centrally and communicated to all players; importantly, these parameters cannot be independently chosen by a player. Motivated by these shortcomings, we present two practically implementable distributed regularization schemes that work on a single timescale; specifically, each scheme requires precisely one gradient or projection step at every iteration. Of these, the first is an iterative Tikhonov regularization (ITR) scheme, while the second is an analogously constructed iterative proximal-point (IPP) method. Both schemes are characterized by the property that the regularization/centering parameter are updated after every iteration, rather than when one has approximately solved the regularized problem. To aid in distributed settings requiring limited coordination across players, the schemes allow players to select their parameters independently and do not insist on central prescription of such parameters. We conclude with an application of these schemes on a networked Cournot game with nonlinear prices. C1 [Kannan, Aswin] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shanbhag, Uday V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Kannan, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM akannan@mcs.anl.gov; udaybag@psu.edu FU NSF [CCF-0728863]; DOE [DE-SC0003879] FX Received by the editors February 22, 2011; accepted for publication (in revised form) April 25, 2012; published electronically October 2, 2012. This work has been partially supported by NSF award CCF-0728863 and DOE award DE-SC0003879, and a conference version appears as [19]. A subset of this work was completed when both authors were in the Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering at the University of Illinois. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1052-6234 J9 SIAM J OPTIMIZ JI SIAM J. Optim. PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 1177 EP 1205 DI 10.1137/110825352 PG 29 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059VT UT WOS:000312734300001 ER PT J AU Boggs, PT Gay, DM Griffiths, SK Lewis, RM Long, KR Nash, S Nilson, RH AF Boggs, Paul T. Gay, David M. Griffiths, Stewart K. Lewis, Robert Michael Long, Kevin R. Nash, Stephen Nilson, Robert H. TI OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS FOR HIERARCHICAL PROBLEMS WITH APPLICATION TO NANOPOROUS MATERIALS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON OPTIMIZATION LA English DT Article DE multigrid optimization; multilevel optimization; nonlinear optimization; complex hierarchical optimization ID NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS AB We present optimization algorithms for the design of complex hierarchical systems, motivated by applications to the design of nanoporous materials. Nanoporous materials have a broad range of engineering applications, including gas storage and filtration, electrical energy storage in batteries and capacitors, and catalysis. The design of such materials involves modeling of the material over many length scales, leading to a hierarchy of mathematical models. Our algorithms are also hierarchical in structure with the goal of exploiting the model hierarchy to obtain solutions more rapidly. We discuss the choice of optimization models, initialization schemes, the hierarchical optimization algorithm, software design, and computational results. C1 [Boggs, Paul T.; Griffiths, Stewart K.; Nilson, Robert H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Sci & Math Res, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gay, David M.] AMPL Optimizat, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. [Lewis, Robert Michael] Coll William & Mary, Dept Math, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Long, Kevin R.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Math, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Nash, Stephen] George Mason Univ, SEOR Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Boggs, PT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Sci & Math Res, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ptboggs@sandia.gov; dmg@ampl.com; skgriff@sandia.gov; rmlewi@wm.edu; kevin.long@ttu.edu; snash@gmu.edu; rhnilso@sandia.gov OI Nash, Stephen/0000-0002-7412-1791 FU Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [10-014804] FX Received by the editors August 15, 2011; accepted for publication (in revised form) July 6, 2012; published electronically October 9, 2012. This work was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under contract 10-014804. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1052-6234 EI 1095-7189 J9 SIAM J OPTIMIZ JI SIAM J. Optim. PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 1285 EP 1308 DI 10.1137/110856411 PG 24 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059VT UT WOS:000312734300005 ER PT J AU Appelo, D Petersson, NA AF Appeloe, Daniel Petersson, N. Anders TI A FOURTH-ORDER ACCURATE EMBEDDED BOUNDARY METHOD FOR THE WAVE EQUATION SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE wave equation; embedded boundary; finite differences ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES; HIGH-ORDER DISCRETIZATION; ELASTIC-WAVES; EVOLUTION; APPROXIMATIONS; FREQUENCIES; DIMENSIONS; FLOW AB A fourth-order accurate embedded boundary method for the scalar wave equation with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions is described. The method is based on a compact Pade-type discretization of spatial derivatives together with a Taylor series method (modified equation) in time. A novel approach for enforcing boundary conditions is introduced which uses interior boundary points instead of exterior ghost points. This technique removes the small-cell stiffness problem for both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions, is more accurate and robust than previous methods based on exterior ghost points, and guarantees that the solution is single-valued when slender bodies are treated. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the stability and accuracy of the method as well as its application to problems with complex geometries. C1 [Appeloe, Daniel] Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Petersson, N. Anders] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Appelo, D (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM appelo@unm.edu; petersson1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This author's work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is contribution LLNL-JRNL-417163. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP A2982 EP A3008 DI 10.1137/09077223X PG 27 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059XC UT WOS:000312737900007 ER PT J AU Kolev, TV Vassilevski, PS AF Kolev, Tzanio V. Vassilevski, Panayot S. TI PARALLEL AUXILIARY SPACE AMG SOLVER FOR H(div) PROBLEMS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE parallel algebraic multigrid; H(div) problems; Raviart-Thomas elements; auxiliary space preconditioning ID FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; STOKES EQUATIONS; H(CURL); PRECONDITIONERS; REGULARIZATION; APPROXIMATION; DOMAINS AB In this paper we present a family of scalable preconditioners for matrices arising in the discretization of H(div) problems using the lowest order Raviart-Thomas finite elements. Our approach belongs to the class of "auxiliary space"-based methods and requires only the finite element stiffness matrix plus some minimal additional discretization information about the topology and orientation of mesh entities. We provide a detailed algebraic description of the theory, parallel implementation, and different variants of this parallel auxiliary space divergence solver (ADS) and discuss its relations to the Hiptmair-Xu (HX) auxiliary space decomposition of H(div) [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 45 (2007), pp. 2483-2509] and to the auxiliary space Maxwell solver AMS [J. Comput. Math., 27 (2009), pp. 604-623]. An extensive set of numerical experiments demonstrates the robustness and scalability of our implementation on large-scale H(div) problems with large jumps in the material coefficients. C1 [Kolev, Tzanio V.; Vassilevski, Panayot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kolev, TV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tzanio@llnl.gov; panayot@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-520391)] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-520391). The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes. Copyright is owned by SIAM to the extent not limited by these rights. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP A3079 EP A3098 DI 10.1137/110859361 PG 20 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059XC UT WOS:000312737900012 ER PT J AU Bui-Thanh, T Ghattas, O Higdon, D AF Tan Bui-Thanh Ghattas, Omar Higdon, David TI ADAPTIVE HESSIAN-BASED NONSTATIONARY GAUSSIAN PROCESS RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD FOR PROBABILITY DENSITY APPROXIMATION WITH APPLICATION TO BAYESIAN SOLUTION OF LARGE-SCALE INVERSE PROBLEMS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE probability density approximation; Gaussian process; response surface; adaptive sampling; computer experimental design; nonstationary; curse of dimensionality; Bayesian inversion; covariance function; membership probability; adjoint; Hessian ID PDE-CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; SPATIAL COVARIANCE STRUCTURE; ACTIVE DATA SELECTION; KRYLOV-SCHUR METHODS; UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION; MODEL-REDUCTION; CALIBRATION; ALGORITHMS; DESIGN; SOLVER AB We develop an adaptive Hessian-based non-stationary Gaussian process (GP) response surface method for approximating a probability density function (pdf) that exploits its structure, particularly the Hessian of its negative logarithm. Of particular interest to us are pdfs that arise from the Bayesian solution of large-scale inverse problems, which imply very expensive-to-evaluate pdfs. The method can be considered as a piecewise adaptive Gaussian approximation in which a Gaussian tailored to the local Hessian of the negative log probability density is constructed for each subregion in high dimensional parameter space. The task of efficiently partitioning the parameter space into subregions is done implicitly through Hessian-informed membership probability functions. The GP machinery is then employed to glue all local Gaussian approximations into a global analytical response surface that is far cheaper to evaluate than the original expensive probability density. The resulting response surface is also equipped with an analytical variance estimate that can be used to assess the uncertainty of the approximation. One of the key components of our proposed approach is an adaptive sampling strategy for exploring the parameter space efficiently during the computer experimental design step, which aims to find training points with high probability density. The detailed construction and an analysis of the method are presented. We then demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method on several example problems, including inverse shape electromagnetic scattering in 24-dimensional parameter space. C1 [Tan Bui-Thanh] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ghattas, Omar] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Higdon, David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bui-Thanh, T (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM buithanhtan2000@yahoo.com; OMAR@ices.utexas.edu; dhigdon@lanl.gov FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0608]; DOE [DE-SC0002710, DE-FC52-08NA28615, DEFC02-06ER25782]; NSF [CMS-1028889, OPP-0941678, DMS-0724746, CMS-0619078] FX This research was supported by AFOSR grant FA9550-09-1-0608; DOE grants DE-SC0002710, DE-FC52-08NA28615, and DEFC02-06ER25782; and NSF grants CMS-1028889, OPP-0941678, DMS-0724746, and CMS-0619078. NR 68 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 EI 1095-7197 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP A2837 EP A2871 DI 10.1137/110851419 PG 35 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059XC UT WOS:000312737900001 ER PT J AU Wang, B Miller, G Colella, P AF Wang, Bei Miller, Greg Colella, Phil TI AN ADAPTIVE, HIGH-ORDER PHASE-SPACE REMAPPING FOR THE TWO DIMENSIONAL VLASOV-POISSON EQUATIONS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE particle-in-cell (PIC) methods; adaptive mesh refinement; phase-space remapping; numerical noise; two dimensional Vlasov-Poisson equation; parallel scalability ID PARTICLE-IN-CELL; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HYDRODYNAMICS; PLASMAS; FLOWS; BEAMS AB The numerical solution of the high dimensional Vlasov equation is usually performed by particle-in-cell (PIC) methods. However, due to numerical noise, it is challenging to use PIC methods to get a precise description of the distribution function in phase space. To control the numerical error, we introduce an adaptive phase-space remapping which regularizes the particle distribution by periodically reconstructing the distribution function on a hierarchy of phase-space grids with high-order interpolations. The positivity of the distribution function can be preserved using a local redistribution technique. While the one dimensional algorithm has been well established [B. Wang, G. Miller, and P. Colella, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 33 (2011), pp. 3509-3537], we present the two dimensional algorithm and its parallel implementation in this paper. A performance study of the parallel implementation is included. We discuss the scalability of the algorithm on massively parallel computers. C1 [Wang, Bei] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Miller, Greg] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Colella, Phil] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Appl Numer Algorithms Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, B (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Computat Sci & Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM beiwang@princeton.edu; grgmiller@ucdavis.edu; colella@hpcrdm.lbl.gov RI Wang, Bei/G-4605-2014 OI Wang, Bei/0000-0003-4942-9652 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC03-76SF00098]; DOE [DE-SC0001981] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and it used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing center, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under contract number DE-AC03-76SF00098.; This author's work was supported by DOE contract number DE-SC0001981. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP B909 EP B924 DI 10.1137/120872954 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059XC UT WOS:000312737900021 ER PT J AU Haidar, A Ltaief, H Dongarra, J AF Haidar, Azzam Ltaief, Hatem Dongarra, Jack TI TOWARD A HIGH PERFORMANCE TILE DIVIDE AND CONQUER ALGORITHM FOR THE DENSE SYMMETRIC EIGENVALUE PROBLEM SO SIAM JOURNAL ON SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE divide and conquer; symmetric eigenvalue solver; tile algorithms; dynamic scheduling ID TRIDIAGONAL EIGENPROBLEM; RESTRICTED RANK; MATRICES; EIGENVECTORS; PERTURBATIONS; FACTORIZATION AB Classical solvers for the dense symmetric eigenvalue problem suffer from the first step, which involves a reduction to tridiagonal form that is dominated by the cost of accessing memory during the panel factorization. The solution is to reduce the matrix to a banded form, which then requires the eigenvalues of the banded matrix to be computed. The standard divide and conquer algorithm can be modified for this purpose. The paper combines this insight with tile algorithms that can be scheduled via a dynamic runtime system to multicore architectures. A detailed analysis of performance and accuracy is included. Performance improvements of 14-fold and 4-fold speedups are reported relative to LAPACK and Intel's Math Kernel Library. C1 [Haidar, Azzam; Dongarra, Jack] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ltaief, Hatem] KAUST Supercomp Lab, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Sch Math, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. RP Haidar, A (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM haidar@eecs.utk.edu; Hatem.Ltaief@kaust.edu.sa; dongarra@eecs.utk.edu RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Ltaief, Hatem/0000-0002-6897-1095 FU National Science Foundation; Department of Energy; Microsoft Research FX This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, and Microsoft Research. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1064-8275 J9 SIAM J SCI COMPUT JI SIAM J. Sci. Comput. PY 2012 VL 34 IS 6 BP C249 EP C274 DI 10.1137/110823699 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059XC UT WOS:000312737900022 ER PT S AU Honscheid, K Elliott, A Annis, J Bonati, M Buckley-Geer, E Castander, F Dacosta, L Fausti, A Karliner, I Kuhlmann, S Neilsen, E Patton, K Reil, K Roodman, A Thaler, J Serrano, S Santos, MS Suchyta, E AF Honscheid, K. Elliott, A. Annis, J. Bonati, M. Buckley-Geer, E. Castander, F. daCosta, L. Fausti, A. Karliner, I. Kuhlmann, S. Neilsen, E. Patton, K. Reil, K. Roodman, A. Thaler, J. Serrano, S. Santos, M. Soares Suchyta, E. CA Dark Energy Survey Collaboration BE Radziwill, NM Chiozzi, G TI The Readout and Control System of the Dark Energy Camera SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy II CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Dark Energy Survey; DECam; data acquisition; control system; camera; survey; Blanco; CTIO AB The Dark Energy Camera (DECam) is a new 520 Mega Pixel CCD camera with a 3 square degree field of view designed for the Dark Energy Survey (DES). DES is a high precision, multi-bandpass, photometric survey of 5000 square degrees of the southern sky. DECam is currently being installed at the prime focus of the Blanco 4-m telescope at the Cerro-Tololo International Observatory (CTIO). In this paper we describe SISPI, the data acquisition and control system of the Dark Energy Camera. SISPI is implemented as a distributed multi-processor system with a software architecture based on the Client-Server and Publish-Subscribe design patterns. The underlying message passing protocol is based on PYRO, a powerful distributed object technology system written entirely in Python. A distributed shared variable system was added to support exchange of telemetry data and other information between different components of the system. We discuss the SISPI infrastructure software, the image pipeline, the observer console and user interface architecture, image quality monitoring, the instrument control system, and the observation strategy tool. C1 [Honscheid, K.; Elliott, A.; Patton, K.; Suchyta, E.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Annis, J.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Neilsen, E.; Santos, M. Soares] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Bonati, M.] Nat Optic Astron Observatories, Tucson, AZ USA. [Castander, F.; Serrano, S.] IEEC, Barcelona, Spain. [daCosta, L.; Fausti, A.] Observatorio Natl, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Thaler, J.] Univers Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Kuhlmann, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. [Reil, K.; Roodman, A.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Honscheid, K (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI De Vicente, Juan/H-3242-2015; OI De Vicente, Juan/0000-0001-8318-6813; Suchyta, Eric/0000-0002-7047-9358 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Argonne National Laboratories; University of California at Santa Cruz; University of Cambridge; Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas; Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid; University of Chicago; University College London; DES-Brazil; Fermilab; University of Edinburgh; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/ CSIC); Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe; University of Michigan; National Optical Astronomy Observatory; Ohio State University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Portsmouth; SLAC; Stanford University; University of Sussex; Texas AM University FX Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.; The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratories, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, DES-Brazil, Fermilab, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/ CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, the Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, and Texas A&M University. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9152-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8451 AR 845112 DI 10.1117/12.925717 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics GA BDD99 UT WOS:000312888700037 ER PT S AU Kubanek, P Prouza, M Kotov, I O'Connor, P Doherty, P Frank, J AF Kubanek, Petr Prouza, Michael Kotov, Ivan O'Connor, Paul Doherty, Peter Frank, James BE Radziwill, NM Chiozzi, G TI Use of RTS2 for LSST multiple channel CCD characterisation SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy II CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE observatory software; CCD testing; LSST AB RTS2, or Remote Telescope System 2nd Version, is a modular observatory control system. Development of RTS2 began in 2003 and since then it has been used at more than 20 observatories world-wide. Its main users are small, fully autonomous observatories, performing target of opportunity observations. Since June 2007 RTS2 has been used at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) to control the acquisition of images for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) CCD characterisation. The CCD test laboratory includes multiple devices which need to be controlled in order to perform the electro-optical testing of the CCD. The configuration of the devices must be recorded in order for that information to be used later during data analysis. The main factors leading to use of RTS2 were its availability, open - source code, and modular design which allows its fast customisation to fit changing needs of a R&D project. This article focuses on the description of changes to the system which allow for the integration of LSST's multiple output CCD imagers. The text provides details of the multiple channel implementation, which parts of the system were affected, and how these changes influenced overall system design. It also describes how easy and fast it was to run the multiple channel instrument on night and twilight sky during prototype CCD testing, and demonstrates how the complex routines, such as twilight skyflats acquisitions, worked out of the box. C1 [Kubanek, Petr; Prouza, Michael] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Kotov, Ivan; O'Connor, Paul; Frank, James] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Doherty, Peter] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kubanek, P (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. EM kubanek@fzu.cz RI Kubanek, Petr/G-7209-2014; Prouza, Michael/F-8514-2014 OI Prouza, Michael/0000-0002-3238-9597 FU KONTAKT of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [ME09052]; EU [283783]; National Science Foundation [0809409]; Department of Energy with SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory [DE-AC02-76-SFO0515]; MDM FX PK and MP would like to acknowledge grant ME09052 of program KONTAKT of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and EU grant project GLORIA No.283783(FP7-Capacities).This manuscript has been co-authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC. LSST project activities are supported in part by the National Science Foundation through Governing Cooperative Agreement 0809409 managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA),and the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76-SFO0515 with the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Additional LSST funding comes from private donations, grants to universities, and in-kind support from LSSTC Institutional Members. Data were obtained in part using the 1.3m McGraw-Hill Telescope of the MDM Observatory. We would like to acknowledge Bob Barrof the MDM observatory for his excellent support before, during and after MDM tests. We are thankful to LSST internal reviewers (notably Jon Thaler) for comments and suggestions. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9152-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8451 AR 84512T DI 10.1117/12.926929 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics GA BDD99 UT WOS:000312888700090 ER PT S AU Maire, J Perrin, MD Doyon, R Chilcote, J Larkin, JE Weiss, JL Marois, C Konopacky, QM Millar-Blanchaer, M Graham, JR Dunn, J Galicher, R Marchis, F Wiktorowicz, SJ Labrie, K Thomas, SJ Goodsell, SJ Rantakyro, FT Palmer, DW Macintosh, BA AF Maire, Jerome Perrin, Marshall D. Doyon, Rene Chilcote, Jeffrey Larkin, James E. Weiss, Jason L. Marois, Christian Konopacky, Quinn M. Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell Graham, James R. Dunn, Jennifer Galicher, Raphael Marchis, Franck Wiktorowicz, Sloane J. Labrie, Kathleen Thomas, Sandrine J. Goodsell, Stephen J. Rantakyro, Fredrik T. Palmer, David W. Macintosh, Bruce A. BE Radziwill, NM Chiozzi, G TI Test results for the Gemini Planet Imager data reduction pipeline SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference On Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy II CY JUL 01-04, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Data reduction pipeline; speckle suppression; exoplanets; high contrast imaging ID HR 8799; STAR; MASS AB The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is a new facility instrument for the Gemini Observatory designed to detect and characterize planets and debris disks orbiting nearby stars; its science camera is a near infrared integral field spectrograph. We have developed a data pipeline for this instrument, which will be made publicly available to the community. The GPI data reduction pipeline (DRP) incorporates all necessary image reduction and calibration steps for high contrast imaging in both the spectral and polarimetric modes, including datacube generation, wavelength solution, astrometric and photometric calibrations, and speckle suppression via ADI and SSDI algorithms. It is implemented in IDL as a flexible modular system, and includes both command line and graphical interface tools including a customized viewer for GPI datacubes. This GPI data reduction pipeline is currently working very well, and is in use daily processing data during the instrument's ongoing integration and test period at UC Santa Cruz. Here we summarize the results from recent pipeline tests, and present reductions of instrument test data taken with GPI. We will continue to refine and improve these tools throughout the rest of GPI's testing and commissioning, and they will be released to the community, including both IDL source code and compiled versions that can be used without an IDL license. C1 [Maire, Jerome; Konopacky, Quinn M.; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell; Graham, James R.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Perrin, Marshall D.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Doyon, Rene; Galicher, Raphael] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Larkin, James E.; Weiss, Jason L.] UCLA Div Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Marois, Christian; Dunn, Jennifer; Galicher, Raphael] Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Marchis, Franck; Wiktorowicz, Sloane J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Labrie, Kathleen; Thomas, Sandrine J.; Goodsell, Stephen J.] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI USA. [Rantakyro, Fredrik T.] AURA, Gemini, Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Palmer, David W.; Macintosh, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maire, J (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. EM maire@di.utoronto.ca; mperrin@stsci.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9152-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8451 AR 84513G DI 10.1117/12.926202 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science; Optics GA BDD99 UT WOS:000312888700109 ER PT S AU Soufli, R Fernandez-Perea, M Robinson, JC Baker, SL Alameda, J Gullikson, EM AF Soufli, Regina Fernandez-Perea, Monica Robinson, Jeff C. Baker, Sherry L. Alameda, Jennifer Gullikson, Eric M. BE Takahashi, T Murray, SS DenHerder, JWA TI Corrosion-resistant, high-reflectance Mg/SiC multilayer coatings for solar physics in the 25-80 nm wavelength region SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2012: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012 - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE Mg/SiC multilayers; corrosion; EUV reflectance measurements; solar physics ID ULTRAVIOLET; REFLECTIVITY; LIGHT AB The corrosion mechanisms in Mg/SiC multilayers have been elucidated and corrosion-resistant Mg/SiC multilayer coatings have been demonstrated using spontaneously intermixed Al-Mg corrosion barrier layers. The corrosion-resistant Mg/SiC multilayers can achieve high reflectance simultaneously in up to three narrow wavelength bands within the 25-80 nm wavelength region, making them attractive candidates for solar physics instrumentation and for other applications. C1 [Soufli, Regina; Fernandez-Perea, Monica; Robinson, Jeff C.; Baker, Sherry L.; Alameda, Jennifer] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Soufli, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM regina.soufli@llnl.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9144-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8443 AR 84433R DI 10.1117/12.926589 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDA92 UT WOS:000312391600108 ER PT S AU Soufli, R Spiller, E Windt, DL Robinson, JC Gullikson, EM Rodriguez-de Marcos, L Fernandez-Perea, M Baker, SL Aquila, AL Dollar, FJ Mendez, JA Larruquert, JI Golub, L Boerner, P AF Soufli, Regina Spiller, Eberhard Windt, David L. Robinson, Jeff C. Gullikson, Eric M. Rodriguez-de Marcos, Luis Fernandez-Perea, Monica Baker, Sherry L. Aquila, Andrew L. Dollar, Franklin J. Antonio Mendez, Jose Larruquert, Juan I. Golub, Leon Boerner, Paul BE Takahashi, T Murray, SS DenHerder, JWA TI In-band and out-of-band reflectance calibrations of the EUV multilayer mirrors of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly instrument aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2012: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012 - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE EUV multilayers; reflectance measurements; Solar Dynamics Observatory; Atmospheric Imaging Assembly ID ABSOLUTE PHOTOABSORPTION MEASUREMENTS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; X-RAY REGION; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; THIN-FILMS; ENERGY REGION; SI; YTTRIUM; SILICON; 1216-A AB Experimental multilayer reflectance data on flight mirrors and witnesses for three extreme ultraviolet (EUV) channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument aboard NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory are presented and compared to theoretical models. The relevance of these results to the performance of the AIA instrument is discussed. C1 [Soufli, Regina; Spiller, Eberhard; Robinson, Jeff C.; Fernandez-Perea, Monica; Baker, Sherry L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Soufli, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM regina.soufli@llnl.gov RI Dollar, Franklin/C-9214-2013; OI Dollar, Franklin/0000-0003-3346-5763; Larruquert, Juan/0000-0001-6356-9702 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9144-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8443 AR 84433C DI 10.1117/12.927274 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDA92 UT WOS:000312391600095 ER PT S AU Vogel, JK Pivovaroff, MJ Nagarkar, VV Kudrolli, H Madsen, KK Koglin, JE Hailey, CJ Craig, WW Christensen, FE Brejnholt, NF AF Vogel, Julia K. Pivovaroff, Michael J. Nagarkar, Vivek V. Kudrolli, Haris Madsen, Kristin Kruse Koglin, Jason E. Hailey, Charles J. Craig, William W. Christensen, Finn E. Brejnholt, Nicolai F. BE Takahashi, T Murray, SS DenHerder, JWA TI Application of an EMCCD Camera for Calibration of Hard X-Ray Telescopes SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2012: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2012 - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUL 01-06, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE EMCCD; NuSTAR; hard x-ray mission; x-ray detectors; calibration; scintillator AB Recent technological innovations make it feasible to construct efficient hard x-ray telescopes for space-based astronomical missions. Focusing optics are capable of improving the sensitivity in the energy range above 10 keV by orders of magnitude compared to previously used instruments. The last decade has seen focusing optics developed for balloon experiments and they are implemented in approved space missions such as the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). The full characterization of x-ray optics for astrophysical missions, including measurement of the point spread function (PSF) as well as scattering and reflectivity properties of substrate coatings, requires a large area detector with very high spatial resolution and sensitivity, photon counting and energy discriminating capability. Novel back-thinned Electron Multiplying Charge-Coupled Devices (EMCCDs) are suitable detectors for ground-based calibrations if combined with a scintillating material. This optical coupling of the EMCCD chip to a microcolumnar CsI(Tl) scintillator can be achieved via a fiberoptic taper. Not only does this detector system exhibit low noise and high spatial resolution inherent to CCDs, but the EMCCD is also able to handle high frame rates. Additionally, thick CsI(Tl) yields high detection efficiency for x-rays. In this paper, we discuss the advantages of using an EMCCD to calibrate hard x-ray optics. We will illustrate the promising features of this detector solution using examples of data obtained during the ground calibration of the NuSTAR telescopes performed at Columbia University during 2010/2011. Finally, we give an outlook on latest development and optimizations. C1 [Vogel, Julia K.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.; Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. RP Vogel, JK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Dept, Livermore, CA USA. EM vogel9@llnl.gov RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014; OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816; Madsen, Kristin/0000-0003-1252-4891 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9144-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8443 AR 84432L DI 10.1117/12.926386 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BDA92 UT WOS:000312391600071 ER PT S AU Carlton, D Lambson, B Gu, Z Dhuey, S Gao, L Hughes, B Olynick, D Rettner, C Scholl, A Youngblood, B Young, A Krivorotov, I Parkin, S Bokor, J AF Carlton, David Lambson, Brian Gu, Zheng Dhuey, Scott Gao, Li Hughes, Brian Olynick, Deirdre Rettner, Charles Scholl, Andreas Youngblood, Brian Young, Anthony Krivorotov, Ilya Parkin, Stuart Bokor, Jeffrey BE Drouhin, HJ Wegrowe, JE Razeghi, M TI Signal Propagation in Dipole Coupled Nanomagnets for Logic Applications SO SPINTRONICS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Spintronics V CY AUG 12-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Nanomagnetic Logic; Post CMOS; Logic; Nanomagnetism AB As conventional Silicon-based transistors reach their scaling limits, novel devices for performing computations have emerged as alternatives to continue the improvements in information technology that have benefited society over the past 40 years. One candidate that has shown great promise recently is a device that performs logical computations using dipole coupled nanomagnets. In this paper, we discuss recent advances that have led to a greater understanding of signal propagation in nanomagnet arrays. In particular, we highlight recent experimental work towards the imaging of a propagating magnetic cascade. C1 [Carlton, David; Dhuey, Scott; Olynick, Deirdre; Scholl, Andreas; Young, Anthony] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lambson, Brian; Gu, Zheng; Bokor, Jeffrey] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gao, Li; Hughes, Brian; Rettner, Charles; Parkin, Stuart] IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. [Youngblood, Brian; Krivorotov, Ilya] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Carlton, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dbcarlton@lbl.gov RI Bokor, Jeffrey/A-2683-2011 FU DARPA; Western Institute of Nanoelectronics ( WIN); Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Sciences [ECCS-0939514]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported in part by the DARPA Non- Volatile Logic Program, the Western Institute of Nanoelectronics ( WIN) and the Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Sciences ( NSF Award Number ECCS-0939514). Work at the Molecular Foundry and the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9178-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8461 AR 84610W DI 10.1117/12.930776 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA BDF65 UT WOS:000313037400016 ER PT J AU Auld, J Sokolov, V Fontes, A Bautista, R AF Auld, Joshua Sokolov, Vadim Fontes, Angela Bautista, Rene TI Internet-based stated response survey for no-notice emergency evacuations SO TRANSPORTATION LETTERS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE emergency evacuation; survey; stated-response; evacuation behavior; no-notice evacuations ID MODEL AB Large-scale evacuations from major cities during no-notice events - such as chemical or radiological attacks, hazardous material spills, or earthquakes - have an obvious impact on large regions rather than on just the directly affected area. The scope of the impact includes the accommodation of emergency evacuation traffic throughout a very large area and the planning of resources to respond appropriately to the needs of the affected population. Compared to events with advance notice, such as evacuations based on hurricanes approaching an affected area, the response to no-notice events relies exclusively on pre-planning and general regional emergency preparedness. In this paper we present the design, methodology and results of a survey which was conducted in order to obtain empirical data on individuals' responses to no-notice evacuation which can be used to calibrate an evacuee behavior model for planning purposes. The results of the survey show that people are more likely to evacuate if they see others evacuating and whether the evacuation ordered or recommended making little difference. When the event risk is moderate evacuees are more likely to evacuate to a shelter than when the risk is high, in this case people are more likely to evacuate to friends or family house and hotels. The area covered in the sample mostly includes the Chicago Metropolitan Area. However, we argue that the regional differences in the response to a no-notice evacuation are likely to be negligible, in contrast to advanced-notice evacuations where conditioning may occur. Thus, the results of the survey could be applicable nation-wide.. C1 [Auld, Joshua; Sokolov, Vadim] Argonne Natl Lab, TRACC, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Fontes, Angela; Bautista, Rene] Univ Chicago, Stat & Methodol Dept NORC, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. RP Auld, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, TRACC, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 222, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jauld@anl.gov; vsokolov@anl.gov; fontes-angela@norc.org; bautista-rene@norc.org FU Regional Catastrophic Preparedness Grant Program; City of Chicago Office of Emergency Management and Communications [21787] FX Funding for this project provided by the Regional Catastrophic Preparedness Grant Program and the City of Chicago Office of Emergency Management and Communications, Grant #21787: Regional Transportation Simulation Tool for Evacuation Planning. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU J ROSS PUBL PI FORT LAUDERDALE PA 5765 N ANDREWS WAY, FORT LAUDERDALE, FL 33309 USA SN 1942-7867 J9 TRANSP LETT JI Transp. Lett. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 1 BP 41 EP 53 DI 10.3328/TL.2012.04.01.41-53 PG 13 WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Transportation GA 061TN UT WOS:000312871300004 ER PT S AU Ccedil;iraci, S Sozer, H Tekinerdogan, B AF Ciraci, Selim Sozer, Hasan Tekinerdogan, Bedir BE Bai, X Belli, F Bertino, E Chang, CK Elci, A Seceleanu, C Xie, H Zulkernine, M TI An Approach for Detecting Inconsistencies between Behavioral Models of the Software Architecture and the Code SO 2012 IEEE 36TH ANNUAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE (COMPSAC) SE Proceedings International Computer Software and Applications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Izmir Inst Technol (IZTECH), Izmir, TURKEY SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol HO Izmir Inst Technol (IZTECH) DE Software architectures; Runtime verification; Inconsistency detection ID DESIGN; IMPLEMENTATION; SYSTEMS AB In practice, inconsistencies between architectural documentation and the code might arise due to improper implementation of the architecture or the separate, uncontrolled evolution of the code. Several approaches have been proposed to detect inconsistencies between the architecture and the code but these tend to be limited for capturing inconsistencies that might occur at runtime. We present a runtime verification approach for detecting inconsistencies between the dynamic behavior of the documented architecture and the actual runtime behavior of the system. The approach is supported by a set of tools that implement the architecture and the code patterns in Prolog, and automatically generate runtime monitors for detecting inconsistencies. We illustrate the approach and the toolset for a Crisis Management System case study. C1 [Ciraci, Selim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sozer, Hasan] Ozyegin Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Tekinerdogan, Bedir] Bilkent Univ, Ankara, Turkey. RP Ccedil;iraci, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM selim.ciraci@pnnl.gov; hasan.sozer@ozyegin.edu.tr; bedir@cs.bilkent.edu.tr NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0730-3157 BN 978-0-7695-4736-7 J9 P INT COMP SOFTW APP PY 2012 BP 257 EP 266 DI 10.1109/COMPSAC.2012.36 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BDA81 UT WOS:000312376000038 ER PT S AU Weisgraber, TH Alder, BJ AF Weisgraber, Todd H. Alder, Berni J. BE Mareschal, M Santos, A TI Computer Experiments on the Onset of Turbulence SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012, VOLS. 1 AND 2 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Zaragoza, SPAIN SP Minist Econ & Competitiv, Govt Aragon, Dept Ind & Innovat, Aragoneese Agcy Res & Dev (ARAID), Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza Sci Ctr Adv Modeling (ZCAM), Inst Biocomputat & Study Complex Syst (BiFi), Parallel Interface Direct Simulat Monte Carlo (PIDSMC) Software Inc DE channel flow; turbulence; flow stability ID ROUGH CHANNEL; FLOW; HYDRODYNAMICS; INSTABILITY; MODELS AB We are investigating if small amplitude distributed wall roughness, combined with fluctuations, could nucleate the onset of turbulence in bounded flows. Our direct numerical simulations of turbulent transition isolate the effects of the roughness since the only direct flow perturbations we consider are those due to natural hydrodynamic fluctuations. To properly resolve the range of length scales, we developed a conservative mesh refinement approach for the lattice-Boltzmann method. C1 [Weisgraber, Todd H.; Alder, Berni J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Weisgraber, TH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1115-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1501 BP 30 EP 33 DI 10.1063/1.4769465 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB01 UT WOS:000312411200003 ER PT S AU Venkattraman, A Alexeenko, AA Gallis, MA Ivanov, MS AF Venkattraman, A. Alexeenko, A. A. Gallis, M. A. Ivanov, M. S. BE Mareschal, M Santos, A TI A Comparative Study of No-Time-Counter and Majorant Collision Frequency Numerical Schemes in DSMC SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012, VOLS. 1 AND 2 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Zaragoza, SPAIN SP Minist Econ & Competitividad, Govt Aragon, Dept Ind & Innovat, Aragoneese Agcy Res & Dev (ARAID), Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza Sci Ctr Adv Modeling (ZCAM), Inst Biocomputat & Study Complex Syst (BiFi), Parallel Interface Direct Simulat Monte Carlo (PIDSMC) Software Inc DE non-equilibrium flows; direct simulation Monte Carlo; majorant collision frequency; Bobylev solution ID SHOCK-WAVE; FLOW AB The direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is a stochastic approach to solve the Boltzmann equation and is built on various numerical schemes for transport, collision and sampling. This work aims to compare and contrast two popular O(N) DSMC collision schemes - no-time-counter (NTC) and majorant collision frequency (MCF) - with the goal of identifying the fundamental differences. MCF and NTC schemes are used in DSMC simulations of a spatially homogeneous equilibrium gas to study convergence with respect to various collision parameters. While the MCF scheme forces the reproduction of the exponential distribution of time between collisions, the NTC scheme requires larger number of simulators per cell to reproduce this Poisson process. The two collision schemes are also applied to the spatially homogeneous relaxation from an isotropic non-Maxwellian given by the Bobylev exact solution to the Boltzmann equation. While the two schemes produce identical results at large times, the initial relaxation shows some differences during the first few timesteps. C1 [Venkattraman, A.; Alexeenko, A. A.; Ivanov, M. S.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gallis, M. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Ivanov, M. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Khristianovich Inst Theoret & Appl Mech, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Venkattraman, A (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Alexeenko, Alina/B-7168-2011 FU NNSA Center for Prediction of Reliability; Integrity and Survivability of Microsystems at Purdue University [DE- FC52- 08NA28617]; U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE- AC04- 94AL85000] FX This work has been supported by NNSA Center for Prediction of Reliability, Integrity and Survivability of Microsystems at Purdue University under contract number DE- FC52- 08NA28617. A part of this work was performed at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi- program laboratorymanaged and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE- AC04- 94AL85000. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1115-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1501 BP 489 EP 495 DI 10.1063/1.4769577 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB01 UT WOS:000312411200063 ER PT S AU Moore, CH Hopkins, MM Crozier, PS Boerner, JJ Musson, LC Hooper, RW Bettencourt, MT AF Moore, Chris H. Hopkins, Matthew M. Crozier, Paul S. Boerner, Jeremiah J. Musson, Lawrence C. Hooper, Russell W. Bettencourt, Matthew T. BE Mareschal, M Santos, A TI 1D PIC-DSMC Simulations of Breakdown in Microscale Gaps SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012, VOLS. 1 AND 2 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Zaragoza, SPAIN SP Minist Econ & Competitiv, Govt Aragon, Dept Ind & Innovat, Aragoneese Agcy Res & Dev (ARAID), Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza Sci Ctr Adv Modeling (ZCAM), Inst Biocomputat & Study Complex Syst (BiFi), Parallel Interface Direct Simulat Monte Carlo (PIDSMC) Software Inc DE Particle-In-Cell; Direct Simulation Monte Carlo; Multi-Scale; Breakdown; Microdischarge ID CROSS-SECTIONS; DISSOCIATIVE RECOMBINATION; ELECTRON-EMISSION; ATMOSPHERIC AIR; IONIZATION; EXCITATION; DISCHARGES; IMPACT; GASES; ARGON AB An explicit electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) code with complex boundary conditions and direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) particle collisions is utilized to investigate one dimensional direct current breakdown between two electrodes separated by air at STP. The simulation model includes Auger neutralization and cold field electron emission from the cathode as well as electron-neutral elastic, ionization, and excitation interactions. The simulated breakdown voltages at various electrode gap sizes are compared to experimental data and the Paschen curve. It is found that cold field electron emission can explain the breakdown voltage deviation from the Paschen curve measured for small gaps. Breakdown in large gaps proceeds over multiple ion transit timescales as electrons created via Auger neutralization of ions at the cathode quickly stream across the gap, creating new ions which accelerate towards the cathode and release another "pulse" of electrons. If the resultant pulse of electrons is larger than the initial pulse, then this process can build up a significant quasi-neutral plasma in the gap and the voltage drop across the gap will occur primarily across the (thin) sheath. Breakdown is accelerated if the electric field at the cathode surface is large enough for significant cold field emission flux, which increases the plasma density and decreases the Debye length and thus the sheath size, further increasing the electric field and cold field emission flux from the cathode surface. Breakdown in air pressure gaps was found to be sensitive to the differential scattering cross section for electron-neutral interactions. Isotropic scattering of elastic collisions results in lower breakdown voltages at moderate gaps (several mean free paths) and higher breakdown voltages for large gap sizes compared to when more accurate forward-biased scattering distributions are used. The dependence of breakdown voltage on the scattering distribution is due to a competition between increased backscattering resulting in a larger effective path length across the gap versus changes in the electron energy distribution function. C1 [Moore, Chris H.; Hopkins, Matthew M.; Crozier, Paul S.; Boerner, Jeremiah J.; Musson, Lawrence C.; Hooper, Russell W.; Bettencourt, Matthew T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Moore, CH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI bettencourt, matthew/I-5924-2014 NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1115-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1501 BP 629 EP 636 DI 10.1063/1.4769601 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB01 UT WOS:000312411200082 ER PT S AU Balakrishnan, K Bell, JB Donev, A Garcia, AL AF Balakrishnan, Kaushik Bell, John B. Donev, Aleksandar Garcia, Alejandro L. BE Mareschal, M Santos, A TI Fluctuating Hydrodynamics and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012, VOLS. 1 AND 2 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Zaragoza, SPAIN SP Minist Econ & Competitividad, Govt Aragon, Dept Ind & Innovat, Aragoneese Agcy Res & Dev (ARAID), Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza Sci Ctr Adv Modeling (ZCAM), Inst Biocomputat & Study Complex Syst (BiFi), Parallel Interface Direct Simulat Monte Carlo (PIDSMC) Software Inc DE Thermal fluctuations; DSMC; Turing instability; Reaction-diffusion systems ID STOCHASTIC SIMULATION; ALGORITHM REFINEMENT; DILUTE GAS; EQUATION; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Thermodynamic fluctuations are significant at microscopic scales even when hydrodynamic transport models (i.e., Navier-Stokes equations) are still accurate; a well-known example is Rayleigh scattering, which makes the sky blue. Interesting phenomena also appear in non-equilibrium systems, such as the enhancement of diffusion during mixing due to the correlation of velocity and concentration fluctuations. Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) simulations are useful in the study of hydrodynamic fluctuations due to their computational efficiency and ability to model molecular detail, such as internal energy and chemical reactions. More recently, finite volume schemes based on the fluctuating hydrodynamic equations of Landau and Lifshitz have been formulated and validated by comparisons with DSMC simulations. This paper discusses some of the relevant numerical issues and physical effects investigated using DSMC and stochastic Navier-Stokes simulations. This paper also presents the multi-component fluctuating hydrodynamic equations, including chemical reactions, and illustrates their numerical solutions in the study of Turing patterns. We find that behind a propagating reaction front, labyrinth patterns are produced due to the coupling of reactions and species diffusion. In general, fluctuations accelerate the propagation speed of the leading front but differences are observed in the Turing patterns depending on the origin of the fluctuations (stochastic hydrodynamic fluxes versus Langevin chemistry). C1 [Balakrishnan, Kaushik; Bell, John B.] Lawrence Berkeley Nat Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Donev, Aleksandar] New York Univ, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Garcia, Alejandro L.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Balakrishnan, K (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Nat Lab, Ctr Computat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1115-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1501 BP 695 EP 704 DI 10.1063/1.4769610 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB01 UT WOS:000312411200091 ER PT S AU Gallis, MA Torczynski, JR AF Gallis, Michael A. Torczynski, John R. BE Mareschal, M Santos, A TI The Effect of Internal Energy on Chemical Reaction Rates as Predicted by Bird's Quantum-Kinetic Model SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012, VOLS. 1 AND 2 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Zaragoza, SPAIN SP Minist Econ & Competitiv, Govt Aragon, Dept Ind & Innovat, Aragoneese Agcy Res & Dev (ARAID), Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza Sci Ctr Adv Modeling (ZCAM), Inst Biocomputat & Study Complex Syst (BiFi), Parallel Interface Direct Simulat Monte Carlo (PIDSMC) Software Inc DE DSMC; Non-equilibrium; Quantum-Kinetic; Internal Energy; Chemical Reactions ID DSMC AB The effect of non-equilibrium internal energy excitation on the reaction rates predicted by Bird's Quantum-Kinetic (Q-K) model for dissociation and exchange reactions is analyzed. The effect of vibrational non-equilibrium is treated explicitly by the Q-K model. The effect of rotational non-equilibrium is introduced as a perturbation to the effect of vibrational non-equilibrium in chemical reactions. For dissociation reactions, a small but measurable improvement in the rates is observed. For exchange reactions, the change is negligible. These findings are in agreement with experimental observations and theoretical predictions. The results from one-dimensional stagnation-streamline and two-dimensional axi-symmetric DSMC code implementations of the original and modified Q-K models are compared for a typical re-entry flow. The influence of rotational non-equilibrium in promoting chemical reactions is seen to be small for this type of flow. C1 [Gallis, Michael A.; Torczynski, John R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Gallis, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engn Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1115-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1501 BP 1051 EP 1060 DI 10.1063/1.4769658 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB01 UT WOS:000312411200139 ER PT S AU Soorkia, S Leone, SR Wilson, KR AF Soorkia, Satchin Leone, Stephen R. Wilson, Kevin R. BE Mareschal, M Santos, A TI Radical-Neutral Chemical Reactions Studied at Low Temperature with VUV Synchrotron Photoionization Mass Spectrometry SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012, VOLS. 1 AND 2 SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics (RGD) CY JUL 09-13, 2012 CL Zaragoza, SPAIN SP Minist Econ & Competitividad, Govt Aragon, Dept Ind & Innovat, Aragoneese Agcy Res & Dev (ARAID), Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza Sci Ctr Adv Modeling (ZCAM), Inst Biocomputat & Study Complex Syst (BiFi), Parallel Interface Direct Simulat Monte Carlo (PIDSMC) Software Inc DE Low-temperature kinetics; product branching ratios; radical-neutral chemical reactions; Titan; planetary atmospheres; pulsed Laval nozzles; ethynyl radical ID PULSED LAVAL NOZZLE; RATE COEFFICIENTS; ALLENE CH2=C=CH2; UNSATURATED-HYDROCARBONS; KINETICS; C2H; EXPANSIONS; BENZENE; TITAN; CN AB A pulsed Laval nozzle apparatus employing tunable VUV synchrotron photoionization and quadrupole mass spectrometry for the study of radical-neutral chemical reactions of importance for modeling the atmosphere of Titan and the outer planets is described. The apparatus enables the study of low-temperature kinetics and isomer-resolved product branching of highly reactive radicals with unsaturated hydrocarbons reactions. The low-temperature branching ratio for the reaction of the ethynyl radical (C2H) with allene (C3H4) has been measured for the first time at 79 K. This reaction is found to yield 1,4-pentadiyne as the major reaction product (50 +/- 10%), followed by ethynylallene (28 +/- 10%) and methyldiacetylene (22 +/- 10%) via H-atom elimination from the initially formed C5H5 adduct. The derived branching ratios can be directly used to predict the chemical evolution of Titan's atmosphere. C1 [Soorkia, Satchin] Univ Paris 11, Inst Sci Mol Orsay, CNRS 8214, Orsay, France. [Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leone, Stephen R.; Wilson, Kevin R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Soorkia, S (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, Inst Sci Mol Orsay, CNRS 8214, Orsay, France. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX09AB60G]; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE- AC02- 05CH11231] FX The support of personnel ( S. S.) for this research by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( Grant No. NNX09AB60G) is gratefully acknowledged. The Advanced Light Source and Chemical Sciences Division ( S. R. L. and K. R. W.) are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC02- 05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1115-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2012 VL 1501 BP 1365 EP 1372 DI 10.1063/1.4769699 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BDB01 UT WOS:000312411200180 ER PT J AU Pun, A Hanifi, DA Kiel, G O'Brien, E Liu, Y AF Pun, Andrew Hanifi, David A. Kiel, Gavin O'Brien, Evan Liu, Yi TI Facile Route to an All-Organic, Triply Threaded, Interlocked Structure by Templated Dynamic Clipping SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE host-guest systems; rotaxanes; self-assembly; supramolecular chemistry; template synthesis ID ARTIFICIAL MOLECULAR MUSCLES; DIRECTED SYNTHESIS; COORDINATION CAGES; COVALENT CHEMISTRY; BISTABLE ROTAXANES; BORROMEAN RINGS; CROWN-ETHER; ONE-POT; POLYROTAXANES; CATENANES C1 [Pun, Andrew; Hanifi, David A.; Kiel, Gavin; O'Brien, Evan; Liu, Yi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA USA. [Pun, Andrew; Kiel, Gavin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 67R6110, Berkeley, CA USA. EM yliu@lbl.gov RI Liu, yi/A-3384-2008; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014 OI Liu, yi/0000-0002-3954-6102; FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was performed at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 93 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 51 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2012 VL 51 IS 52 BP 13119 EP 13122 DI 10.1002/anie.201207048 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 057HD UT WOS:000312552900042 PM 23161742 ER PT J AU Niehof, JT Morley, SK Friedel, RHW AF Niehof, J. T. Morley, S. K. Friedel, R. H. W. TI Association of cusp energetic ions with geomagnetic storms and substorms SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE Magnetospheric physics; Energetic particles, trapped; Magnetopause, cusp, and boundary layers; Storms and substorms ID MAGNETIC DIPOLARIZATION; ACCELERATION REGION; EXTERIOR CUSP; BOW SHOCK; MAGNETOSPHERE; CLUSTER; EVENTS; FIELD; INSTRUMENT; PARTICLES AB Energetic ions observed in the cusp have been explained as a result of processes within the magnetosphere, but also proposed as a driver of some of those same processes. This study assesses potential connections between energetic ions observed in the cusp and geomagnetic storm and substorm activity. These connections may suggest sources of cusp energetic particles (CEPs), or imply effects of these particles on magnetospheric dynamics. We identify CEPs from six years of cusp crossings by the Polar satellite, relating them to storm and substorm onsets. CEPs showed no significant dependence on storms but did show a weak, statistically significant, increase after substorm onsets. CEPs had no significant association with subsequent storm or substorm onsets. We conclude that substorm acceleration may contribute to CEPs but CEPs are unlikely to contribute to global magnetospheric dynamics. C1 [Niehof, J. T.; Morley, S. K.; Friedel, R. H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Niehof, J. T.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Niehof, JT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jniehof@lanl.gov RI Morley, Steven/A-8321-2008; Friedel, Reiner/D-1410-2012 OI Morley, Steven/0000-0001-8520-0199; Friedel, Reiner/0000-0002-5228-0281 FU NASA [NNG05GD23G] FX We are grateful to T. Fritz for useful conversations and providing data from CAMMICE MICS. We thank the POLAR MFE and POLAR HYDRA teams for the use of data from their instruments, the OMNI team for their assimilative solar wind datasets, and J. Gannon for USGS Dst data. We also thank contributors to the NumPy, SciPy, and matplotlib tools, and our SpacePy co-authors at LANL. While at Boston University, JTN was supported by NASA grant NNG05GD23G. We thank the reviewers for detailed, useful comments and suggestions. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 EI 1432-0576 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2012 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1633 EP 1643 DI 10.5194/angeo-30-1633-2012 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 058WV UT WOS:000312666500002 ER PT J AU Li, L Chen, CH Huang, C Huang, HY Zhang, GF Wang, YJ Wang, HL Lou, SR Qiao, LP Zhou, M Chen, MH Chen, YR Streets, DG Fu, JS Jang, CJ AF Li, L. Chen, C. H. Huang, C. Huang, H. Y. Zhang, G. F. Wang, Y. J. Wang, H. L. Lou, S. R. Qiao, L. P. Zhou, M. Chen, M. H. Chen, Y. R. Streets, D. G. Fu, J. S. Jang, C. J. TI Process analysis of regional ozone formation over the Yangtze River Delta, China using the Community Multi-scale Air Quality modeling system SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PRIDE-PRD2004 CAMPAIGN; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; IBERIAN PENINSULA; SURFACE OZONE; PART II; EMISSIONS; POLLUTION; PREDICTIONS; POLLUTANTS; EPISODE AB A high O-3 episode was detected in urban Shanghai, a typical city in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in August 2010. The CMAQ integrated process rate method is applied to account for the contribution of different atmospheric processes during the high pollution episode. The analysis shows that the maximum concentration of ozone occurs due to transport phenomena, including vertical diffusion and horizontal advective transport. Gas-phase chemistry producing O-3 mainly occurs at the height of 300-1500 m, causing a strong vertical O-3 transport from upper levels to the surface layer. The gas-phase chemistry is an important sink for O-3 in the surface layer, coupled with dry deposition. Cloud processes may contribute slightly to the increase of O-3 due to convective clouds or to the decrease of O-3 due to scavenging. The horizontal diffusion and heterogeneous chemistry contributions are negligible during the whole episode. Modeling results show that the O-3 pollution characteristics among the different cities in the YRD region have both similarities and differences. During the buildup period, the O-3 starts to appear in the city regions of the YRD and is then transported to the surrounding areas under the prevailing wind conditions. The O-3 production from photochemical reaction in Shanghai and the surrounding area is most significant, due to the high emission intensity in the large city; this ozone is then transported out to sea by the westerly wind flow, and later diffuses to rural areas like Chongming island, Wuxi and even to Nanjing. The O-3 concentrations start to decrease in the cities after sunset, due to titration of the NO emissions, but ozone can still be transported and maintain a significant concentration in rural areas and even regions outside the YRD region, where the NO emissions are very small. C1 [Li, L.; Chen, C. H.; Huang, C.; Huang, H. Y.; Zhang, G. F.; Wang, H. L.; Lou, S. R.; Qiao, L. P.; Zhou, M.; Chen, M. H.; Chen, Y. R.] Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China. [Wang, Y. J.] Shanghai Univ, Inst Environm Pollut & Hlth, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China. [Streets, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Fu, J. S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jang, C. J.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Chen, CH (reprint author), Shanghai Acad Environm Sci, Shanghai 200233, Peoples R China. EM chench@saes.sh.cn RI 杨, 宇栋/F-6250-2012; Huang, Cheng/I-7099-2015; OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 FU National Non-profit Scientific Research Program for Environmental Protection [201009001, 201209001]; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [11231200500]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [41205122, 41105102] FX This study was supported by the National Non-profit Scientific Research Program for Environmental Protection via grant No. 201009001 and 201209001, the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality Fund Project via grant No. 11231200500, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) via grant No. 41205122 and No. 41105102. The authors appreciate the suggestions made by the reviewers that helped greatly to improve this paper. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 9 U2 58 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 22 BP 10971 EP 10987 DI 10.5194/acp-12-10971-2012 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 055JG UT WOS:000312411300023 ER PT J AU Cahill, JF Suski, K Seinfeld, JH Zaveri, RA Prather, KA AF Cahill, J. F. Suski, K. Seinfeld, J. H. Zaveri, R. A. Prather, K. A. TI The mixing state of carbonaceous aerosol particles in northern and southern California measured during CARES and CalNex 2010 SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LOS-ANGELES BASIN; BIOMASS BURNING PARTICLES; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; BLACK CARBON; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; SINGLE PARTICLES; ORGANIC AEROSOL; LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION; CONTROLLED DIMENSIONS AB Carbonaceous aerosols impact climate directly by scattering and absorbing radiation, and hence play a major, although highly uncertain, role in global radiative forcing. Commonly, ambient carbonaceous aerosols are internally mixed with secondary species such as nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium, which influences their optical properties, hygroscopicity, and atmospheric lifetime, thus impacting climate forcing. Aircraft-aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (A-ATOFMS), which measures single-particle mixing state, was used to determine the fraction of organic and soot aerosols that are internally mixed and the variability of their mixing state in California during the Carbonaceous Aerosols and Radiative Effects Study (CARES) and the Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) field campaigns in the late spring and early summer of 2010. Nearly 88% of all A-ATOFMS measured particles (100-1000 nm in diameter) were internally mixed with secondary species, with 96% and 75% of particles internally mixed with nitrate and/or sulfate in southern and northern California, respectively. Even though atmospheric particle composition in both regions was primarily influenced by urban sources, the mixing state was found to vary greatly, with nitrate and soot being the dominant species in southern California, and sulfate and organic carbon in northern California. Furthermore, mixing state varied temporally in northern California, with soot becoming the prevalent particle type towards the end of the study as regional pollution levels increased. The results from these studies demonstrate that the majority of ambient carbonaceous particles in California are internally mixed and are heavily influenced by secondary species that are most prevalent in the particular region. Based on these findings, considerations of regionally dominant sources and secondary species, as well as temporal variations of aerosol physical and optical properties, will be required to obtain more accurate predictions of the climate impacts of aerosol in California. C1 [Cahill, J. F.; Suski, K.; Prather, K. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Seinfeld, J. H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Zaveri, R. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmpspher Sci & Global Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Prather, K. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Prather, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM kprather@ucsd.edu RI Prather, Kimberly/A-3892-2008; OI Prather, Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890; Zaveri, Rahul/0000-0001-9874-8807; Cahill, John/0000-0002-9866-4010 FU University of California San Diego-Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Aerosol Chemistry and Climate Institute; California Air Resources Board [09-333]; NOAA [NA090AR4310128]; US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); US DOE at PNNL [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program FX We would like to acknowledge the University of California San Diego-Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Aerosol Chemistry and Climate Institute and the California Air Resources Board Agreement #09-333 for providing the funding for this work. Stephen R. Springston provided in flight gas phase concentrations during the CARES campaign. The authors are also grateful to the flight crews during the CARES and CalNex studies, most notably John Hubbe, Jason Tomlinson, Scott Hersey, Andrew Metcalf, and Haflidi Jonsson, as well as Jessie Creamean and Melanie Zauscher of the Prather Group for their help with this project. The Twin Otter portion of this work was supported by NOAA grant NA090AR4310128. Funding for data collection on-board the G-1 aircraft was provided by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER). This research was also supported by the US DOE's Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 at PNNL. NR 85 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 78 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2012 VL 12 IS 22 BP 10989 EP 11002 DI 10.5194/acp-12-10989-2012 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 055JG UT WOS:000312411300024 ER PT J AU Pramanick, A Prewitt, AD Forrester, JS Jones, JL AF Pramanick, Abhijit Prewitt, Anderson D. Forrester, Jennifer S. Jones, Jacob L. TI Domains, Domain Walls and Defects in Perovskite Ferroelectric Oxides: A Review of Present Understanding and Recent Contributions SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE domains; domain walls; ferroelectric; perovskite ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MISFIT RELAXATION MECHANISMS; BARIUM-TITANATE CERAMICS; BATIO3 SINGLE-CRYSTALS; THIN-FILMS; POLYCRYSTALLINE FERROELECTRICS; X-RAY; PIEZOELECTRIC NONLINEARITY; POLARIZATION REVERSAL AB Ferroelectric oxides are used in many modern technologies including sensors, actuators, thin-film memories and energy harvesting. Ferroelectrics of similar composition often show wide variations in their characteristic properties. Such variations in properties can be largely attributed to differences in the structural arrangements of domains and distributions of defects within a multidomain/polycrystalline material. Recent developments in characterization techniques and first-principle calculations have significantly advanced our understanding of how ferroelectric domains interact with material defects, and thereby influence the properties of a material. This review provides a broad outlook of the contributions from different experimental and computational studies that have clarified the structure of domains, domain walls and defects in perovskite ferroelectric oxides, and the evolution of these structures under the application of electric fields. It is intended that an integrated viewpoint of these issues, as provided here, will further motivate synergistic activities between the various research groups and industries towards the development and characterization of ferroelectric oxides. C1 [Pramanick, Abhijit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Prewitt, Anderson D.; Forrester, Jennifer S.; Jones, Jacob L.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pramanick, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pramanicka@ornl.gov RI Pramanick, Abhijit/D-9578-2011; Jones, Jacob/A-8361-2008 OI Pramanick, Abhijit/0000-0003-0687-4967; FU U.S. Department of the Army [W911NF-09-1-0435]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-0746902]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX JJ, ADP, and JSF acknowledge partial support for this work from the U.S. Department of the Army under W911NF-09-1-0435 and the U.S. National Science Foundation under award number DMR-0746902. AP acknowledges support from a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 191 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 29 U2 259 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-8436 EI 1547-6561 J9 CRIT REV SOLID STATE JI Crit. Rev. Solid State Mat. Sci. PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 BP 243 EP 275 DI 10.1080/10408436.2012.686891 PG 33 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 051KK UT WOS:000312125100002 ER PT S AU Ziock, KP Braverman, JB Fabris, L Harrison, MJ AF Ziock, Klaus-Peter Braverman, Josh. B. Fabris, Lorenzo Harrison, Mark J. BE Kamerman, GW Steinvall, O Lewis, KL Hollins, RC Merlet, TJ Gruneisen, MT Dusek, M Rarity, JG Bishop, GJ Gonglewski, J TI The other end of the scale: Coded apertures in the near field for high-resolution 3D gamma event localization in bulk scintillators SO ELECTRO-OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING, PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electro-Optical Remote Sensing, Photonic Technologies, and Applications VI CY SEP 24-26, 2012 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE, SELEX GALILEO, THALES DE coded aperture; gamma-ray detector; position-sensitive gamma-ray detector; scintillator ID RAY IMAGER; CAMERAS AB Coded apertures were originally developed by the high-energy astrophysical community for use in imaging high-energy photons (x- and y-rays) for which focusing optics are ineffective. We are now taking what was developed as a tool for use in the extreme far field at high energies to encode spatial information at optical wavelengths in the extreme near field to enhance the performance of position-sensitive x- and gamma-ray scintillator detectors. Spatial resolution for events within bulk scintillators is limited by the size of the light "spot" available at the sides of the scintillator, where phototransducers convert the light to an electrical signal The ability to localize an event is determined by how well one can determine the centroid and the size of the spot. Generally, performance is limited to many millimeters in all three spatial dimensions, and one cannot resolve simultaneous events that are closer together than the width of the light spot (frequently of order 10 mm) For this reason, many applications requiring the finest spatial resolution subdivide the scintillator into tiny elements and use a digital approach to determine event location. However, that technique significantly complicates the overall instrument and sacrifices energy resolution because the light collection efficiency varies with event location within the subdivided scintillator. We are building a device that overcomes these shortcomings by using an optical coded-aperture shadow mask between a bulk crystal and a position-sensitive phototransducer. Simulations indicate that we can achieve millimeter-scale localization in all three spatial dimensions while resolving simultaneous energy depositions. The technique and progress toward its realization will be presented. C1 [Ziock, Klaus-Peter; Fabris, Lorenzo; Harrison, Mark J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ziock, Klaus-Peter; Braverman, Josh. B.] Univ Tenn, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Ziock, KP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ziockk@ornl.gov RI Fabris, Lorenzo/E-4653-2013 OI Fabris, Lorenzo/0000-0001-5605-5615 FU U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Research and Engineering [NA- 22]; [DE- AC05- 00OR22725.] FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Research and Engineering ( NA- 22). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed for the U. S. Department of Energy under contract DE- AC05- 00OR22725. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9283-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8542 AR 854210 DI 10.1117/12.979787 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BDA59 UT WOS:000312346500030 ER PT J AU Polsky, R Harper, JC Brozik, SM AF Polsky, Ronen Harper, Jason C. Brozik, Susan M. BE Ozsoz, M TI Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical DNA Detection SO ELECTROCHEMICAL DNA BIOSENSORS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; ULTRASENSITIVE ELECTRICAL DETECTION; SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC DETECTION; LAYER COVALENT ATTACHMENT; LABEL-FREE DETECTION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; MODIFIED ELECTRODE; HYBRIDIZATION DETECTION C1 [Polsky, Ronen; Harper, Jason C.; Brozik, Susan M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Polsky, R (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat, POB 5800,MS-0892, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rpolsky@sandia.gov NR 144 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAN STANFORD PUBLISHING PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PENTHOUSE LEVEL, SUNTEC TOWER 3, 8 TEMASEK BLVD, SINGAPORE, 038988, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4303-98-9 PY 2012 BP 427 EP 479 D2 10.1201/b11988 PG 53 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA BDC82 UT WOS:000312697700015 ER PT J AU Gangloff, RP Somerday, BP AF Gangloff, Richard P. Somerday, Brian P. BE Gangloff, RP Somerday, BP TI Gaseous hydrogen embrittlement of materials in energy technologies Volume 2: Mechanisms, modelling and future developments Introduction SO GASEOUS HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT OF MATERIALS IN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, VOL 2: MECHANISMS, MODELLING AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Gangloff, Richard P.] Univ Virginia, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Somerday, Brian P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gangloff, RP (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 395 McCormick Rd,POB 400745, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM rpg7y@Virginia.edu; bpsomer@sandia.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-85709-537-4 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2012 BP XV EP XIX PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BCW20 UT WOS:000311641600001 ER PT B AU Dadfarnia, M Sofronis, P Somerday, BP Balch, DK Schembri, P AF Dadfarnia, M. Sofronis, P. Somerday, B. P. Balch, D. K. Schembri, P. BE Gangloff, RP Somerday, BP TI Degradation models for hydrogen embrittlement SO GASEOUS HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT OF MATERIALS IN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, VOL 2: MECHANISMS, MODELLING AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE hydrogen embrittlement; subcritical cracking; intergranular cracking; ductile fracture; grain boundary decohesion; void growth ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY DIFFUSION; NICKEL-BASE ALLOYS; HIGH-PURITY NICKEL; CRACK-GROWTH; VOID GROWTH; BRITTLE-FRACTURE; CONTINUUM MODEL; PLASTIC-FLOW; METALS; DECOHESION AB In this chapter, we present a solid mechanics modeling and simulation effort to elucidate the linking of the macroscopic embrittlement phenomenology to the features of the microstructural degradation mechanisms ahead of a crack tip in the austenitic Fe-Ni-Co alloy IN903. In general, we find that the deformation and hydrogen fields in the fracture process depend strongly on the initial and boundary conditions, thus reflecting the variety of fracture modes. In particular, for intergranular crack growth in wedge opening load specimens in hydrogen gas we predict fracture process zones that are large in comparison to the typical characteristic diffusion distances. For ductile cracking in gaseous environments, we find that the process is controlled by the average spacing of the carbides. C1 [Dadfarnia, M.; Sofronis, P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Somerday, B. P.; Balch, D. K.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Schembri, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sofronis, P (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, 158 Mech Engn Bldg,MC 244,1206 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM sofronis@illinois.edu; BPSomer@sandia.gov; schembri@lanl.gov OI Dadfarnia, Mohsen/0000-0002-5218-971X NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-85709-537-4; 978-0-85709-536-7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2012 BP 326 EP 377 PG 52 WC Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BCW20 UT WOS:000311641600012 ER PT S AU Guildenbecher, DR Gao, J Reu, PL Chen, J AF Guildenbecher, Daniel R. Gao, Jian Reu, Phillip L. Chen, Jun BE Schmit, J Creath, K Towers, CE Burke, J TI Digital holography reconstruction algorithms to estimate the morphology and depth of non-spherical, absorbing particles SO INTERFEROMETRY XVI: TECHNIQUES AND ANALYSIS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Interferometry XVI - Techniques and Analysis CY AUG 13-15, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Digital holography; particle detection; depth detection; non-spherical particle morphology ID IN-LINE HOLOGRAPHY; FRESNEL DIFFRACTION; EXTRACTION; APERTURES; LOCATION; SYSTEM; SIZE AB In digital holography an object wave is numerically reconstructed from a recorded hologram. Using this technique it is possible to detect the position and size of particles in a 3D domain. In this work, particular focus is placed on quantification of particles with non-spherical morphologies. The in-line configuration is chosen due to the simplicity of the optical setup and minimal distortions of in-plane morphologies. However, this geometry is also characterized by a large depth-of-focus and high uncertainty in the detected depth. To quantify these uncertainties, this work begins with the definition of a non-dimensional model of hologram recording and reconstruction applied to single spherical and non-spherical particles. Typical CCD noise sources are included. Application of this model to two particle detection methods reveals the relevant merits and limitations of each particle detection method. From the lessons learned, a new hybrid particle detection method is proposed. Simulations indicate the hybrid method significantly improves upon the accuracy of the measured depth and particle morphologies. Furthermore, the proposed method automatically determines the optimum threshold for each particle, and, therefore, requires minimal user inputs. Finally, initial experimental results for spherical particles confirm the accuracy of the proposed hybrid method. C1 [Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Reu, Phillip L.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gao, Jian; Chen, Jun] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Guildenbecher, DR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM drguild@sandia.gov RI Gao, Jian/Q-6457-2016 OI Gao, Jian/0000-0003-3744-453X FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Daniel J. Scoglietti for help with the optical setup and Lindsay M. Gloe for the particle size measurements using the Malvern Mastersizer, both are from Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9210-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8493 AR 849303 DI 10.1117/12.928869 PG 12 WC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BCZ60 UT WOS:000312212400003 ER PT J AU Gladish, CV Holland, DM Holland, PR Price, SF AF Gladish, Carl V. Holland, David M. Holland, Paul R. Price, Stephen F. TI Ice-shelf basal channels in a coupled ice/ocean model SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCEAN CIRCULATION BENEATH; PINE ISLAND GLACIER; WEST ANTARCTICA; SHEET DYNAMICS; GREENLAND; WATERS; FLOW; VELOCITY; RETREAT; PLUMES AB A numerical model for an interacting ice shelf and ocean is presented in which the ice-shelf base exhibits a channelized morphology similar to that observed beneath Petermann Gletscher's (Greenland) floating ice shelf. Channels are initiated by irregularities in the ice along the grounding line and then enlarged by ocean melting. To a first approximation, spatially variable basal melting seaward of the grounding line acts as a steel-rule die or a stencil, imparting a channelized form to the ice base as it passes by. Ocean circulation in the region of high melt is inertial in the along-channel direction and geostrophically balanced in the transverse direction. Melt rates depend on the wavelength of imposed variations in ice thickness where it enters the shelf, with shorter wavelengths reducing overall melting. Petermann Gletscher's narrow basal channels may therefore act to preserve the ice shelf against excessive melting. Overall melting in the model increases for a warming of the subsurface water. The same sensitivity holds for very slight cooling, but for cooling of a few tenths of a degree a reorganization of the spatial pattern of melting leads, surprisingly, to catastrophic thinning of the ice shelf 12 km from the grounding line. Subglacial discharge of fresh water along the grounding line increases overall melting. The eventual steady state depends on when discharge is initiated in the transient history of the ice, showing that multiple steady states of the coupled system exist in general. C1 [Gladish, Carl V.] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Gladish, Carl V.; Holland, David M.] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Holland, Paul R.] British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. [Price, Stephen F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Gladish, CV (reprint author), New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. EM cvg222@nyu.edu RI Holland, Paul/G-2796-2012; Price, Stephen /E-1568-2013 OI Price, Stephen /0000-0001-6878-2553 FU IMPACTS project; US Department of Energy's Program in Biological and Environmental Research FX We thank Andrew Fleming and Tom Milgate for providing Figure 1. Bill Lipscomb provided valuable guidance regarding model coupling. Adrian Jenkins made helpful suggestions regarding entrainment and subglacial discharge. This study was funded by the IMPACTS project sponsored by the US Department of Energy's Program in Biological and Environmental Research. NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 28 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0022-1430 EI 1727-5652 J9 J GLACIOL JI J. Glaciol. PY 2012 VL 58 IS 212 BP 1227 EP 1244 DI 10.3189/2012JoG12J003 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 056HQ UT WOS:000312479400017 ER PT J AU Gallagher, KG Dees, DW Jansen, AN Abraham, DP Kang, SH AF Gallagher, Kevin G. Dees, Dennis W. Jansen, Andrew N. Abraham, Daniel P. Kang, Sun-Ho TI A Volume Averaged Approach to the Numerical Modeling of Phase-Transition Intercalation Electrodes Presented for LixC6 SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-GRAPHITE INTERCALATION; ION POSITIVE ELECTRODES; STAGE TRANSFORMATION; DISCHARGE MODEL; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; BATTERY MATERIALS; INSERTION CELL; GENERAL-THEORY; KINETICS; LIFEPO4 AB An approach for the volume averaged numerical modeling of phase-transition intercalation electrodes is presented for lithiated graphite, LixC6, in lithium-ion batteries. The proposed method directly treats phase formation and growth through a modified form of the Avrami equation enabling the physics-based mathematical model to capture the additional time constant observed in the two phase regions of lithiated graphite as ell as a portion of the hysteresis commonly observed between charge and discharge voltage. The graphite phase diagram was taken to be composed of three stages, or phases, each with a Nernstian or ideal solution based equilibrium potential function. The behavior of the potential rise from a current pulse in the two-phase region is matched well with this methodology resulting in higher valued diffusion coefficients than found when only a single-phase approach is used. Simulated results for mesocarbon microbeads show the co-existence of all three phases within the electrode during higher rate discharges. Concentration dependent diffusion coefficients are found to be necessary to match experimental results at rates significantly higher than 1C. The model is shown to be capable of exhibiting core-shell behavior when fitted phase-transformation rate constants are sufficiently high in value, although not observed for MCMB. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.015301jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Gallagher, Kevin G.; Dees, Dennis W.; Jansen, Andrew N.; Abraham, Daniel P.; Kang, Sun-Ho] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gallagher, KG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kevin.gallagher@anl.gov RI Jansen, Andrew/Q-5912-2016 OI Jansen, Andrew/0000-0003-3244-7790 FU Vehicle Technologies Program, Hybrid and Electric Systems at the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Vehicle Technologies Program (VTP); Applied Battery Research (ABR) for Transportation Program FX Support from the Vehicle Technologies Program, Hybrid and Electric Systems, David Howell (Team Lead) and Peter Faguy, at the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, is gratefully acknowledged. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. The single-layer pouch cells were produced at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Cell Fabrication Facility, Argonne National Laboratory. The Cell Fabrication Facility is fully supported by the DOE Vehicle Technologies Program (VTP) within the core funding of the Applied Battery Research (ABR) for Transportation Program. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 53 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP A2029 EP A2037 DI 10.1149/2.015301jes PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500017 ER PT J AU Stephenson, D Kim, S Chen, F Thomsen, E Viswanathan, V Wang, W Sprenkle, V AF Stephenson, David Kim, Soowhan Chen, Feng Thomsen, Edwin Viswanathan, Vilayanur Wang, Wei Sprenkle, Vincent TI Electrochemical Model of the Fe/V Redox Flow Battery SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CELL MODEL; ELECTROLYTE AB A zero-dimensional electrochemical model of the Fe/V redox flow battery (RFB) is presented that can model RFB performance at low flow rates (< 0.5 mL min(-1) cm(-2)) and varied temperatures. The electrochemical model is appropriate for practical RFBs and provides good agreement with experimental data. In addition, a proposed non-ideal electrode model is introduced that accounts for higher voltage losses at low flow rates. Semi-quantitative operation strategies and electrode design guidelines can be obtained from the model. We found that ohmic losses associated with the electrolyte were dominating our electrode losses, which means operating the cell at higher temperature will reduce electrolyte ohmic losses and viscosity, thus leading to higher system efficiency. Thinner electrodes than the 4.5-mm-thick felt used in this study should reduce ohmic losses as well as pumping losses if the same space velocity is maintained. This electrochemical model can be easily incorporated into system-level and cost models, which will help in system optimization, system control, and pump selection and help avoid potential risks of large scale RFB system development. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.052212jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Stephenson, David; Kim, Soowhan; Chen, Feng; Thomsen, Edwin; Viswanathan, Vilayanur; Wang, Wei; Sprenkle, Vincent] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Stephenson, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM David.Stephenson@pnnl.gov; soowhankim@gmail.com RI Wang, Wei/F-4196-2010; Chen, Feng/A-9314-2013 OI Wang, Wei/0000-0002-5453-4695; FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE); DOE by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE). We are grateful for useful discussions with Liyu Li and Zhenguo Yang, former program managers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, who are now at UniEnergy Technologies. We are also grateful for useful discussions with Dr. Imre Gyuk, the program manager of the Energy Storage and Power Electronics Program at DOE-OE. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for the DOE by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP A1993 EP A2000 DI 10.1149/2.052212jes PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500011 ER PT J AU Tang, M Newman, J AF Tang, Maureen Newman, John TI Why is the Solid-Electrolyte-Interphase Selective? Through-Film Ferrocenium Reduction on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LI-ION CELLS; OVERCHARGE PROTECTION; METAL-ELECTRODES; BATTERIES; SPECTROSCOPY; CARBON; MODEL; SALT; SEI AB To determine if the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) selectively permits reduction of redox shuttles because of specific surface interactions, through-film ferrocenium reduction was studied on the edge and basal planes of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Monitoring ferrocene kinetics in-situ during SEI formation demonstrated that the SEI formed in LiPF6-based electrolyte is unstable on both graphite orientations, and that introducing just 1.6 mM of PF6- to the electrolyte chemically dissolves the SEI formed in LiClO4-based electrolyte. When PF6- was avoided completely, a 2 V overpotential was sufficient to reduce ferrocenium through the SEI on the basal plane, suggesting through-film tunneling. On the edge plane, more complicated behavior was observed. On both orientations, the shuttle cation can function as an oxidizing agent that corrodes the SEI. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.028212jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Tang, Maureen; Newman, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tang, Maureen; Newman, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tang, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mtang@berkeley.edu FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Jeff Dahn, John Kerr, and Gao Liu contributed suggestions for the selectivity of SEI that led to this study. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 52 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP A1922 EP A1927 DI 10.1149/2.028212jes PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500002 ER PT J AU Tenhaeff, WE Perry, KA Dudney, NJ AF Tenhaeff, W. E. Perry, K. A. Dudney, N. J. TI Impedance Characterization of Li Ion Transport at the Interface between Laminated Ceramic and Polymeric Electrolytes SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM BATTERIES; COMPOSITE ELECTROLYTES; PHASE-DIAGRAMS; CONDUCTIVITY; BEHAVIOR AB Large, dominating resistances to lithium transport at interfaces between polymeric and ceramic electrolytes is a significant limitation that must be resolved for the development of composite solid electrolytes. Laminated bilayers of lithium ion conducting glass ceramics and polymer electrolytes were studied in order to provide well-defined interfaces for the quantification of interfacial resistances. A completely dry fabrication protocol was developed to ensure intimate contact between the two phases. Interfacial resistances were then characterized by impedance spectroscopy, which revealed small, statistically significant resistances above the melting temperatures of the polymer electrolytes. These interfacial processes did not dominate the overall resistive response, representing a significant improvement over previous observations. Characterization of the laminated electrolytes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed intimate interfacial contact between the phases, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the absence of significant compositional deviations at the interfaces. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.063212jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Tenhaeff, W. E.; Perry, K. A.; Dudney, N. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tenhaeff, WE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tenhaeffwe@oml.gov RI Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016 OI Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178 FU ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Research also supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 59 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP A2118 EP A2123 DI 10.1149/2.063212jes PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500030 ER PT J AU Yang, XL Peng, G Zhang, LL Liang, G Duan, S Huang, YH Ignatov, A Croft, MC AF Yang, Xue-Lin Peng, Gang Zhang, Lu-Lu Liang, Gan Duan, Song Huang, Yun-Hui Ignatov, Alexander Croft, Mark C. TI Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of LiFePO4 Cathode Material Promoted by CdO and Carbon Co-Coating SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; COMPOSITE AB A novel CdO and carbon co-coated LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode material has been synthesized, and the effect of CdO on the physicochemical properties and electrochemical performance has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical measurements. The results show that the LFP/(C+CdO) particles are coated with a mixed layer (about 2 similar to 3 nm) combined by amorphous carbon and CdO. Compared to the LFP/C electrode, the capacity retention ratio and high C-rate performance for LFP/(C+CdO) have been effectively improved, which is due to the enhanced structural stability, the reduced charge-transfer resistance, and the increased electronic conductivity. Therefore, the CdO and carbon co-coating is an effective surface modification technique. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.014301jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Xue-Lin; Peng, Gang; Zhang, Lu-Lu; Duan, Song] Three Gorges Univ, Coll Mech & Mat Engn, Yichang 443002, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Liang, Gan] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Huang, Yun-Hui] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Ignatov, Alexander; Croft, Mark C.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Croft, Mark C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yang, XL (reprint author), Three Gorges Univ, Coll Mech & Mat Engn, Yichang 443002, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM xlyang@ctgu.edu.cn; luluzhang924@gmail.com RI Huang, Yunhui/C-3752-2014 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51272128, 50972075, 50825203]; Excellent Youth Foundation of Hubei Scientific Committee [2011CDA093]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0718482]; Research Corporation for Science Advancement; ERG from Sam Houston State University FX This work was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 51272128, 50972075, 50825203), Excellent Youth Foundation of Hubei Scientific Committee (2011CDA093), National Science Foundation under Grants (No. CHE-0718482), an award from Research Corporation for Science Advancement and an ERG grant from Sam Houston State University. Moreover, the authors are grateful to Dr. Jianlin Li at Three Gorges University for his kind support to our research and to the staff at Beam Line X-19A of NSLS for the assistance in XAS measurement. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP A2096 EP A2099 DI 10.1149/2.014301jes PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500027 ER PT J AU Zhu, Y Li, Y Bettge, M Abraham, DP AF Zhu, Ye Li, Yan Bettge, Martin Abraham, Daniel P. TI Positive Electrode Passivation by LiDFOB Electrolyte Additive in High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Cells SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE ANODES; BATTERIES; DIFLUORO(OXALATO)BORATE AB The effect of LiF2BC2O4 (LiDFOB) electrolyte additive on the capacity and impedance characteristics of cells with Li1.2Ni0.15Mn0.55Co0.1O2-based positive, graphite-based negative and LiPF6-based electrolyte is evaluated using a combination of electrochemical cycling and surface analysis techniques. The impedance rise in these cells occurs primarily at the positive electrode whereas the capacity loss results from lithium trapping at the negative electrode. The LiDFOB serves as a bifunctional additive and reduces both cell capacity loss and impedance rise by reacting at both electrodes; probable reaction mechanisms have been highlighted in this article. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data show that the LiDFOB additive forms a thicker passivation layer that inhibits electrolyte oxidation and reduces dissolution of Mn, Ni, Co ions from the positive electrode. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) data show that a thinner but more robust SEI forms at the negative electrode, which helps maintain cell capacity. The synergistic effects of LiDFOB at both electrodes results in a marked improvement in cell electrochemical performance. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.083212jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Ye; Li, Yan; Bettge, Martin; Abraham, Daniel P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Li, Yan] Univ Rochester, Mat Sci Program, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. RP Zhu, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM abraham@anl.gov RI Zhu, Ye/H-3602-2012; Li, Yan/H-2957-2012 OI Li, Yan/0000-0002-9801-7243 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies Program; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE FX Support from the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies Program, specifically from Dave Howell and Peter Faguy, is gratefully acknowledged. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"), Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We acknowledge use of the Center for Microanalysis of Materials (CMM) at the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Illinois), and acknowledge discussions with R. Haasch and T. Spila. We are grateful to B. Polzin, A. Jansen, and S. Trask from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Cell Fabrication Facility (CFF), Argonne National Laboratory for providing the electrodes used in this work. The CFF is fully supported by the DOE Vehicle Technologies Program (VTP) within the core funding of the Applied Battery Research (ABR) for Transportation Program. We also acknowledge valuable discussions with D. Dees and W. Lu during the course of this work. NR 26 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 9 U2 77 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP A2109 EP A2117 DI 10.1149/2.083212jes PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500029 ER PT J AU Mason, KS Neyerlin, KC Kuo, MC Horning, KC More, KL Herring, AM AF Mason, K. Sykes Neyerlin, Kenneth C. Kuo, Mei-Chen Horning, Kiersten C. More, Karren L. Herring, Andrew M. TI Investigation of a Silicotungstic Acid Functionalized Carbon on Pt Activity and Durability for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS; SUPPORTED PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE-SIZE; CRYSTALLITE SIZE; CATALYSTS; CO; SURFACES; ELECTROREDUCTION; HETEROPOLYACIDS; OXIDATION AB Colloidal Pt prepared by an ethylene glycol reduction method was deposited onto Ketjen black carbon supports functionalized with (0, 3.2, 7.1, and 15.9wt%) 11-silicotungstic acid (Pt/SiW11-C). Electrochemical characterization of the catalysts was performed using rotating disk electrodes (RDE) in 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte. XRD and TEM showed smaller crystallite size and more uniform deposition of Pt nanoparticles for Pt/SiW11-C catalysts. respectively. A maximum in the ORR mass activity of 373 mA/mg(Pt) was observed for the 3.2wt% SiW11 catalyst. an 18% improvement over Pt/C. An increase in the electrochemical area (ECA) due to lower Pt particle size and more narrow size distribution is attributed to providing the mass activity enhancement. After 30,000 durability cycles in the potential range 0.6-1.0 V. Pt/SiW11-C showed less Pt particle growth (TEM), and a factor of 1.4 improvement in terms of mass activity retention. After 6.000 durability cycles in the potential range 1.0-1.6 V, Pt/SiW11-C showed a factor of 2 increase in mass activity retention compared to Pt/C. The improvement is attributed to a slower rate of carbon corrosion. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.068212jes] All rights reserved. C1 [Mason, K. Sykes; Kuo, Mei-Chen; Horning, Kiersten C.; Herring, Andrew M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Mason, K. Sykes; Neyerlin, Kenneth C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Hydrogen Technol & Syst Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [More, Karren L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mason, KS (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM aherring@mines.edu RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Herring, Andrew/0000-0001-7318-5999 FU US DOE office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX We thank Shyam Kocha from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Satyananda Kishore Pilli for many useful discussions. We thank the US DOE office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy for financial support under contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308. We thank the Nanomaterials Characterization Facility (CU-Boulder) for XPS experiments. Finally, we thank Huffman Laboratories for ICP-AES analysis. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2012 VL 159 IS 12 BP F871 EP F879 DI 10.1149/2.068212jes PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 052XI UT WOS:000312233500071 ER PT B AU Hackenberg, RE AF Hackenberg, R. E. BE Pereloma, E Edmonds, DV TI The historical development of phase transformations understanding in ferrous alloys SO PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS IN STEELS, VOL 1: FUNDAMENTALS AND DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED TRANSFORMATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing in Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE history; kinetics; metallography; microstructure; X-ray diffraction ID IRON-CARBON ALLOYS; FE-C ALLOYS; BAINITE TRANSFORMATION; MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATIONS; FERRITE TRANSFORMATION; PROEUTECTOID FERRITE; SILICON STEEL; SOLID-STATE; FREE-ENERGY; INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE AB This chapter reviews the historical evolution of phase transformations understanding as it was developed in steels and other ferrous alloys. The focus is on the discoveries, dead ends, confusions, controversies, and achievements in the 1880-1925 period when the age-old 'hardening problem' in steel was pursued using metallography, thermal analysis, and the Gibbs phase rule. The shift in paradigm regarding metal structure and phase transformations was completed in the following period, 1925-1970, when breakthroughs afforded by X-ray diffraction and other techniques shed new light on all transformations. The evolving interactions of physical metallurgy with chemistry, physics, and other fields will be highlighted. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hackenberg, RE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 6, Mail Stop G770,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM roberth@lanl.gov NR 344 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-85709-610-4; 978-1-84569-970-3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL MATER PY 2012 BP 3 EP 55 PG 53 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BCW17 UT WOS:000311640100003 ER PT J AU Schryver, J Shankar, M Xu, SH AF Schryver, Jack Shankar, Mallikarjun Xu, Songhua GP ACM TI Moving from Descriptive to Causal Analytics: Case Study of Discovering Knowledge from US Health Indicators Warehouse SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2012 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SMART HEALTH AND WELLBEING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ACM International Workshop on Smart Health and Wellbeing (SHB) Co-located with 21st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management CY OCT 29, 2012 CL Maui, HI SP Assoc Com Machinery Special Interest Grp Information Retrieval (ACN SIGIR), Assoc Com Machinery SIGWEB (ACM SIGWEB) DE Community health indicators; multivariate statistics; machine learning; visual analytics ID MECHANISMS AB The knowledge management community has introduced a multitude of methods for knowledge discovery on large datasets. In the context of public health intelligence, we integrated and incorporated some of these methods into an analyst's workflow that proceeds from the data-centric descriptive level of analysis to the model-centric causal level of reasoning. We show several case studies of the proposed analyst's workflow as applied to the US Health Indicators Warehouse (HIW), which is a medium scale, public dataset regarding community health information as collected by the US federal government. In our case studies, we demonstrate a series of visual analytics efforts targeted at the HIW, including visual analysis according to correlation matrices, multivariate outlier analysis, multiple linear regression of Medicare costs, confirmatory factor analysis, and hybrid scatterplot and heatmap visualization for distributions of a group of health indicators. We conclude by sketching a preliminary framework for examining causal dependence hypotheses for future data science research in public health.(1) C1 [Schryver, Jack; Shankar, Mallikarjun; Xu, Songhua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Schryver, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM schryverjc@ornl.gov; shankarm@ornl.gov; xus1@ornl.gov OI Shankar, Mallikarjun/0000-0001-5289-7460 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-1712-2 PY 2012 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics GA BDC69 UT WOS:000312660200001 ER PT J AU Chi, EC Kolda, TG AF Chi, Eric C. Kolda, Tamara G. TI ON TENSORS, SPARSITY, AND NONNEGATIVE FACTORIZATIONS SO SIAM JOURNAL ON MATRIX ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE nonnegative tensor factorization; nonnegative CANDECOMP-PARAFAC; Poisson tensor factorization; Lee-Seung multiplicative updates; majorization-minimization algorithms ID CONSTRAINED LEAST-SQUARES; MATRIX FACTORIZATION; RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHMS; CONVERGENCE; DIVERGENCE; PARAFAC; VALUES AB Tensors have found application in a variety of fields, ranging from chemometrics to signal processing and beyond. In this paper, we consider the problem of multilinear modeling of sparse count data. Our goal is to develop a descriptive tensor factorization model of such data, along with appropriate algorithms and theory. To do so, we propose that the random variation is best described via a Poisson distribution, which better describes the zeros observed in the data as compared to the typical assumption of a Gaussian distribution. Under a Poisson assumption, we fit a model to observed data using the negative log-likelihood score. We present a new algorithm for Poisson tensor factorization called CANDECOMP-PARAFAC alternating Poisson regression (CP-APR) that is based on a majorization-minimization approach. It can be shown that CP-APR is a generalization of the Lee-Seung multiplicative updates. We show how to prevent the algorithm from converging to non-KKT points and prove convergence of CP-APR under mild conditions. We also explain how to implement CP-APR for large-scale sparse tensors and present results on several data sets, both real and simulated. C1 [Chi, Eric C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Kolda, Tamara G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Chi, EC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ecchi@ucla.edu; tgkolda@sandia.gov RI Kolda, Tamara/B-1628-2009; OI Kolda, Tamara/0000-0003-4176-2493; Chi, Eric/0000-0003-4647-0895 FU U.S. Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship [DE-FG02-97ER25308]; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The work of this author was fully supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Computational Science Graduate Fellowship under grant DE-FG02-97ER25308.; The work of this author was funded by the applied mathematics program at the U.S. Department of Energy and Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 56 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 21 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 0895-4798 J9 SIAM J MATRIX ANAL A JI SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1272 EP 1299 DI 10.1137/110859063 PG 28 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 059VB UT WOS:000312732500012 ER PT S AU Bionta, MR French, D Cryan, JP Glownia, JM Hartmann, N Nicholson, DJ Baker, K Bostedt, C Cammarrata, M Chollet, M Ding, YT Fritz, DM Durbin, SM Feng, YP Harmand, M Fry, AR Kane, DJ Krzywinski, J Lemke, HT Messerschmidt, M Ratner, DF Schorb, S Toleikis, S Zhu, DL White, WE Coffee, RN AF Bionta, Mina R. French, Doug Cryan, James P. Glownia, James M. Hartmann, Nick Nicholson, David J. Baker, Kevin Bostedt, Christoph Cammarrata, Marco Chollet, Matthieu Ding, Yuntao Fritz, Davis M. Durbin, Steve M. Feng, Yiping Harmand, Marion Fry, Alan R. Kane, Daniel J. Krzywinski, Jacek Lemke, Henrik T. Messerschmidt, Marc Ratner, Daniel F. Schorb, Sebastian Toleikis, Sven Zhu, Diling White, William E. Coffee, Ryan N. BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI Spectral encoding based measurement of x-ray/optical relative delay to similar to 10 fs rms SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE ultrafast optics; ultrafast x-rays; thin films; ultrafast dynamics; LCLS; FEL; dielectric response; spectral encoding ID RAYS AB A recently demonstrated single-shot measurement of the relative delay between x-ray FEL pulses and optical laser pulses has now been improved to similar to 10 fs rms error and has successfully been demonstrated for both soft and hard x-ray pulses. It is based on x-ray induced step-like reduction in optical transmissivity of a semiconductor membrane (Si3N4). The transmissivity is probed by an optical continuum spanning 450 - 650 nm where spectral chirp provides a mapping of the step in spectrum to the arrival time of the x-ray pulse relative to the optical laser system. C1 [Bionta, Mina R.; French, Doug; Glownia, James M.; Hartmann, Nick; Nicholson, David J.; Bostedt, Christoph; Chollet, Matthieu; Ding, Yuntao; Fritz, Davis M.; Feng, Yiping; Fry, Alan R.; Krzywinski, Jacek; Lemke, Henrik T.; Messerschmidt, Marc; Ratner, Daniel F.; Schorb, Sebastian; Zhu, Diling; White, William E.; Coffee, Ryan N.] SLAC Natl accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Cryan, James P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Glownia, James M.; Nicholson, David J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Glownia, James M.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, PULSE Inst Ulatrafast Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Baker, Kevin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Cammarrata, Marco; Durbin, Steve M.] Univ Rennes, F-35014 Rennes, France. [Harmand, Marion; Toleikis, Sven] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Kane, Daniel J.] Mesa Photon LLC, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Bionta, MR (reprint author), SLAC Natl accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM mbionta@slac.stanford.edu; offee@slac.stanford.edu RI Messerschmidt, Marc/F-3796-2010; harmand, marion/Q-1248-2016; Lemke, Henrik Till/N-7419-2016 OI Messerschmidt, Marc/0000-0002-8641-3302; harmand, marion/0000-0003-0713-5824; Lemke, Henrik Till/0000-0003-1577-8643 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 85040M DI 10.1117/12.929097 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900014 ER PT S AU Caleman, C Timneanu, N Martin, AV White, TA Scott, HA Barty, A Aquila, A Chapman, HN AF Caleman, Carl Timneanu, Nicusor Martin, Andrew V. White, Thomas A. Scott, Howard A. Barty, Anton Aquila, Andrew Chapman, Henry N. BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI Modeling of XFEL induced ionization and atomic displacement in protein nanocrystals SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE X-ray Free Electron Laser; Serial femtosecond crystallography; non; local thermodynamics equilibrium; radiation damage ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; X-RAY PULSES; RADIATION-DAMAGE; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION; DENSE-PLASMAS; RESOLUTION; OPERATION; CASCADES; CRYSTALS; WATER AB X-ray free-electron lasers enable high-resolution imaging of biological materials by using short enough pulses to outrun many of the effects of radiation damage. Experiments conducted at the LCLS have obtained diffraction data from single particles and protein nanocrystals at doses to the sample over 3 GGy. The details of the interaction of the X-ray FEL pulse with the sample determine the limits of this new paradigm for imaging. Recent studies suggest that in the case of crystalline samples, such as protein nanocrystals, the atomic displacements and loss of bound electrons in the crystal (due to the high X-ray intensity) has the effect of gating the diffraction signal, and hence making the experiment less radiation sensitive. Only the incident photon intensity in the first part of the pulse, before the Bragg diffraction has died out, is relevant to acquiring signal and the rest of the pulse will mainly contribute to a diffuse background. In this work we use a plasma based non-local thermodynamic equilibrium code to explore the displacement and the ionization of a protein nanocrystal at various X-ray wavelengths and intensities. C1 [Caleman, Carl; Timneanu, Nicusor; White, Thomas A.; Barty, Anton; Chapman, Henry N.] DESY, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, Notkestr 85, DE-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Caleman, Carl] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Martin, Andrew V.] Univ Melbourne, ARC Ctr Excellence Coherent Xray Sci, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Timneanu, Nicusor] Uppsala Univ, Ctr Biomed, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Scott, Howard A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chapman, Henry N.] Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Aquila, Andrew] European XFEL GmbH, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. RP Caleman, C; Timneanu, N (reprint author), DESY, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, Notkestr 85, DE-22607 Hamburg, Germany. EM carl.caleman@cfel.de; nicusor@xray.bmc.uu.se RI Timneanu, Nicusor/C-7691-2012; OI Timneanu, Nicusor/0000-0001-7328-0400; MARTIN, ANDREW/0000-0003-3704-1829 FU Helmholtz Association through the Center for Free-Electron Laser Science; The Swedish Research foundation; The Swedish Foundation; The Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing, UPPMAX [S00111- 71] FX Helmholtz Association through the Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, The Swedish Research foundation and The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research for financial support. The Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing, UPPMAX ( project S00111- 71) and Professor David van der Spoel for computational resources. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 85040H DI 10.1117/12.929294 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900011 ER PT S AU Chuang, YD Doering, D Cruz, AG Tahir, N Andresen, NC Chow, KP Contarato, D Cummings, CL Domning, EE Joseph, J Pepper, JS Smith, BV Zizka, G Ford, C Lee, WS Weaver, M Pattheye, L Weizeorickf, J Denes, P Hussain, Z AF Chuang, Yi-De Doering, Dionisio Cruz, Alejandro G. Tahir, Nadeem Andresen, Nord C. Chow, Ken P. Contarato, Devis Cummings, Curtis L. Domning, Edward E. Joseph, John Pepper, John S. Smith, Brian V. Zizka, G. Ford, Christopher Lee, Wei-Sheng Weaver, Matt Pattheye, Luc Weizeorickf, John Denes, Peter Hussain, Zahid BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI Resonant soft X-ray scattering endstation for time-resolved pump-probe measurements at LCLS SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE time-resolved resonant soft X-ray scattering spectroscopy; electronic orderings; emergent material properties; pump-probe experiments; cFCCD; free electron laser ID MANGANITES; INSULATOR AB Localized charge, spin and orbital degrees of freedom can compete with electronic itinerancy and such competition lies at the heart of emergent material properties. To study these electronic orderings, resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSXS) spectroscopy has been demonstrated as one of the most powerful direct probes, and its time-resolved capability can be implemented through pump-probe technique. The ultrafast/ultra-intense X-ray pulses from LCLS can be used as the probe in the time-resolved RSXS experiments, but the inherent fluctuations in intensity and timing between pulses can degrade the superior temporal resolution. To overcome such fluctuations, a compact fast CCD (cFCCD) was developed to enable shot-by-shot data acquisitions and a dedicated RSXS endstation, constructed to house this cFCCD and other single-channel photon detectors, has been extensively used at both ALS and LCLS. Time-resolved RSXS experiments on La1.75Sr0.25NiO4 nickelate have revealed an unexpected transient behavior of charge and spin ordering (CO/SO) states. After 800nm laser excitation, the CO can be fully suppressed at higher pump fluence while SO remains detectable, creating a transient state that is not accessible by tuning thermodynamic variables. Furthermore, two distinct time scales are identified in the recovery of CO and can be attributed to the amplitude (fast) and phase (slow) dynamics of order parameter. A new version of cFCCD, with eight times the detection area and the readout electronics moved into vacuum side to minimize the pickup noise, has been developed and will be incorporated into the RSXS endstation. C1 [Chuang, Yi-De; Cruz, Alejandro G.; Tahir, Nadeem; Hussain, Zahid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doering, Dionisio; Andresen, Nord C.; Chow, Ken P.; Contarato, Devis; Cummings, Curtis L.; Domning, Edward E.; Joseph, John; Pepper, John S.; Smith, Brian V.; Zizka, G.; Denes, Peter] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tahir, Nadeem] Nat Ctr Phys, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. [Ford, Christopher; Lee, Wei-Sheng; Weaver, Matt] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Pattheye, Luc] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Weizeorickf, John] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chuang, YD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE- AC02- 05CH11231]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, through Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science FX Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC02- 05CH11231. W. S. Lee acknowledges support from Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, through Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 85040G DI 10.1117/12.931492 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900010 ER PT S AU Feng, YP Zhu, DL Robert, A Lemke, HT Chollet, M Fritz, DM Hastings, JB Feldkamp, JM Cammarata, M Moeller, S Yabashi, M Tono, K Huang, XR AF Feng, Yiping Zhu, Diling Robert, Aymeric Lemke, Henrik T. Chollet, Matthieu Fritz, David M. Hastings, Jerome B. Feldkamp, Jan M. Cammarata, Marco Moeller, Stephen Yabashi, Makina Tono, Kensuke Huang, Xianrong BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI Ultra-thin Bragg crystals for LCLS beam-sharing operation SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE LCLS; hard X-rays; SASE; FEL; beam-sharing; silicon; single crystal AB The advent of X-ray Free-electron Laser (FEL) such as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) has and will continue to enable breakthroughs and discoveries in a wide range of scientific disciplines including physics, chemistry, structural biology, and material science. It has created high demand on user beamtime that is often left unfulfilled. We report here the fabrication, characterization and X-ray measurements of ultra-thin silicon single-crystal membranes for potentially beam-sharing the LCLS beam. Using a special fabrication process, samples of (111), (110), and (100) orientations were made with thicknesses ranging from 5 to 20 mu m. Both high-resolution rocking curves and white-beam topographic data were first obtained using synchrotron X-rays, demonstrating near ideal diffraction qualities. Subsequent tests using the full LCLS FEL beam revealed lattice distortions from beam-induced membrane vibrations, which were then shown to be effectively reduced by ambient air or with smaller membrane dimensions. These findings are paving a way for a practical beam-sharing implementation at LCLS in the near future. C1 [Feng, Yiping; Zhu, Diling; Robert, Aymeric; Lemke, Henrik T.; Chollet, Matthieu; Fritz, David M.; Hastings, Jerome B.; Feldkamp, Jan M.; Cammarata, Marco; Moeller, Stephen] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Yabashi, Makina; Tono, Kensuke] RIKEN, SPring 8, Hyogo, Japan. [Huang, Xianrong] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Feng, YP (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM yfeng@slac.stanford.edu RI Lemke, Henrik Till/N-7419-2016 OI Lemke, Henrik Till/0000-0003-1577-8643 NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 85040V DI 10.1117/12.930944 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900019 ER PT S AU Hill, KW Bitter, M Delgado-Aparacio, L Pablant, NA Beiersdorfer, P del Rio, MS Zhang, L AF Hill, K. W. Bitter, M. Delgado-Aparacio, L. Pablant, N. A. Beiersdorfer, P. del Rio, M. Sanchez Zhang, L. BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI X-Ray Imaging and Imaging Spectroscopy of Fusion Plasmas and Light-Source Experiments with Spherical Optics and Pixel Array Detectors SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE X-ray; imaging; spectroscopy; diagnostic; plasma; synchrotron ID SPECTRA; CRYSTALS AB High resolution (lambda/Delta lambda similar to 10,000) 1D imaging x-ray spectroscopy using a spherically bent crystal and a 2D hybrid pixel array detector (PAD) is used world wide for Doppler measurements of ion-temperature (Ti) and plasma flow-velocity profiles in magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) plasmas. Meter sized plasmas are diagnosed with cm spatial resolution and 10 ms time resolution. This concept can also be used as a diagnostic of small sources, such as inertial confinement fusion (ICF) plasmas and targets on x-ray light source beam lines, with spatial resolution of microns. A new concept of using matched pairs of spherically bent crystals for monochromatic stigmatic 2D x-ray imaging of mm sized sources offers the possibility of spatial resolution of microns and large solid angle, relative to that achieved with pinhole imaging. Other potential applications of the 2D imaging schemes include x-ray lithography and x-ray microscopy for biological and materials science research. Measurements from MFE plasmas, as well as laboratory experiments and ray tracing computations validating the 1D imaging spectroscopy and 2D x-ray imaging techniques will be presented. C1 [Hill, K. W.; Bitter, M.; Delgado-Aparacio, L.; Pablant, N. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [del Rio, M. Sanchez] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Zhang, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 23003, Peoples R China. RP Hill, KW (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM khill@pppl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE- ACO2- 76CHO- 3073]; LLNL [DE- AC52- 07NA- 27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by PPPL under contract DE- ACO2- 76CHO- 3073 and LLNL under Contract DE- AC52- 07NA- 27344. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 850405 DI 10.1117/12.930063 PG 14 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900004 ER PT S AU Loh, ND Starodub, D Lomb, L Hampton, CY Martin, AV Sierra, RG Barty, A Aquila, A Schulz, J Steinbrener, J Shoeman, RL Kassemeyer, S Bostedt, C Bozek, J Epp, SW Erk, B Hartmann, R Rolles, D Rudenko, A Rudek, B Foucar, L Kimmel, N Weidenspointner, G Hauser, G Holl, P Pedersoli, E Liang, MN Hunter, MS Gumprecht, L Coppola, N Wunderer, C Graafsma, H Maia, FRNC Ekeberg, T Hantke, M Fleckenstein, H Hirsemann, H Nass, K White, TA Tobias, HJ Farquar, GR Benner, WH Hau-Riege, S Reich, C Hartmann, A Soltau, H Marchesini, S Bajt, S Barthelmess, M Strueder, L Ullrich, J Bucksbaum, P Hodgson, KO Frank, M Schlichting, I Chapman, HN Bogan, MJ AF Loh, N. Duane Starodub, Dmitri Lomb, Lukas Hampton, Christina Y. Martin, Andrew V. Sierra, Raymond G. Barty, Anton Aquila, Andrew Schulz, Joachim Steinbrener, Jan Shoeman, Robert L. Kassemeyer, Stephan Bostedt, Christoph Bozek, John Epp, Sascha W. Erk, Benjamin Hartmann, Robert Rolles, Daniel Rudenko, Artem Rudek, Benedikt Foucar, Lutz Kimmel, Nils Weidenspointner, Georg Hauser, Guenter Holl, Peter Pedersoli, Emanuele Liang, Mengning Hunter, Mark S. Gumprecht, Lars Coppola, Nicola Wunderer, Cornelia Graafsma, Heinz Maia, Filipe R. N. C. Ekeberg, Tomas Hantke, Max Fleckenstein, Holger Hirsemann, Helmut Nass, Karol White, Thomas A. Tobias, Herbert J. Farquar, George R. Benner, W. Henry Hau-Riege, Stefan Reich, Christian Hartmann, Andreas Soltau, Heike Marchesini, Stefano Bajt, Sasa Barthelmess, Miriam Strueder, Lothar Ullrich, Joachim Bucksbaum, Philip Hodgson, Keith O. Frank, Matthias Schlichting, Ilme Chapman, Henry N. Bogan, Michael J. BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI Profiling structured beams using injected aerosols SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE aerosols; diffraction; imaging; beam profiling; beam diagnostics; Hartmann sensor; x-ray free-electron laser; LCLS ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB Profiling structured beams produced by X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) is crucial to both maximizing signal intensity for weakly scattering targets and interpreting their scattering patterns. Earlier ablative imprint studies describe how to infer the X-ray beam profile from the damage that an attenuated beam inflicts on a substrate. However, the beams in-situ profile is not directly accessible with imprint studies because the damage profile could be different from the actual beam profile. On the other hand, although a Shack-Hartmann sensor is capable of in-situ profiling, its lenses may be quickly damaged at the intense focus of hard X-ray FEL beams. We describe a new approach that probes the in-situ morphology of the intense FEL focus. By studying the translations in diffraction patterns from an ensemble of randomly injected sub- micron latex spheres, we were able to determine the non-Gaussian nature of the intense FEL beam at the Linac Coherent Light Source (SLAC National Laboratory) near the FEL focus. We discuss an experimental application of such a beam-profiling technique, and the limitations we need to overcome before it can be widely applied. C1 [Loh, N. Duane; Starodub, Dmitri; Hampton, Christina Y.; Sierra, Raymond G.; Bucksbaum, Philip; Hodgson, Keith O.; Bogan, Michael J.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, PULSE Inst, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lomb, Lukas; Steinbrener, Jan; Shoeman, Robert L.; Kassemeyer, Stephan; Schlichting, Ilme] Max Planck Inst Med Forschung, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Martin, Andrew V.; Liang, Mengning; Gumprecht, Lars; Fleckenstein, Holger; Nass, Karol; White, Thomas A.; Chapman, Henry N.] DESY, Ctr Free Elect Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Aquila, Andrew; Schulz, Joachim; Coppola, Nicola] European XFEL GmbH, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Bostedt, Christoph; Bozek, John] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Epp, Sascha W.; Erk, Benjamin; Rolles, Daniel; Rudenko, Artem; Rudek, Benedikt; Foucar, Lutz] CFEL, Max Planck Adv Study Grp, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Hartmann, Robert; Holl, Peter; Reich, Christian; Hartmann, Andreas; Soltau, Heike] PNSensor GmbH, D-80803 Munich, Germany. [Kimmel, Nils; Weidenspointner, Georg; Hauser, Guenter; Strueder, Lothar] Max Planck Inst Halbleiterlabor, D-81739 Munich, Germany. [Pedersoli, Emanuele] Sincrotrone Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy. [Hunter, Mark S.; Farquar, George R.; Benner, W. Henry; Hau-Riege, Stefan; Frank, Matthias] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Wunderer, Cornelia; Graafsma, Heinz; Hirsemann, Helmut; Bajt, Sasa; Barthelmess, Miriam] DESY, Photon Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Maia, Filipe R. N. C.; Marchesini, Stefano] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ekeberg, Tomas; Hantke, Max] Uppsala Univ, Lab Mol Biophys, Uppsala, Sweden. [Tobias, Herbert J.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ullrich, Joachim] Max Planck Inst Kernphysik, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Loh, ND (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, PULSE Inst, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM uaneloh@slac.stanford.edu; mbogan@slac.stanford.edu RI Loh, Duane/I-7371-2013; Rudek, Benedikt/A-5100-2017; Bogan, Mike/I-6962-2012; Schlichting, Ilme/I-1339-2013; Rocha Neves Couto Maia, Filipe/C-3146-2014; Bozek, John/E-9260-2010; Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014 OI Epp, Sascha/0000-0001-6366-9113; Pedersoli, Emanuele/0000-0003-0572-6735; Loh, Duane/0000-0002-8886-510X; graafsma, heinz/0000-0003-2304-667X; MARTIN, ANDREW/0000-0003-3704-1829; Bogan, Mike/0000-0001-9318-3333; Rocha Neves Couto Maia, Filipe/0000-0002-2141-438X; Bozek, John/0000-0001-7486-7238; FU Human Frontier Science Program ( N. D. L., M. J. B.); AMOS program within the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science; U. S. DOE; DOE [DE- AC52- 07NA27344]; Max Planck Society; Hamburg Ministry of Science and Research; Joachim Herz Stiftung; Hamburg School for Structure and Dynamics in Infection; CBST at UC [PHY 0120999]; National Nuclear Security Administration [DE- AC52- 07NA27344]; University of California Laboratory [09- LR- 05- 118036- BARA]; Swedish Research Council, the European Research Council; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; DFG FX Experiments were carried out at the LCLS, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U. S. Department of Energy ( DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences. We acknowledge support by the following: Human Frontier Science Program ( N. D. L., M. J. B.); AMOS program within the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U. S. DOE ( N. D. L., R. G. S., C. Y. H., D. S., and M. J. B.); DOE through the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program and by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE- AC52- 07NA27344; the Max Planck Society for funding the development and operation of the CAMP instrument within the ASG at CFEL; the Hamburg Ministry of Science and Research and Joachim Herz Stiftung as part of the Hamburg Initiative for Excellence in Research ( LEXI); the Hamburg School for Structure and Dynamics in Infection; CBST at UC under Cooperative Agreement No. PHY 0120999. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ( LLNL) is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security ( LLC) for the U. S. DOE, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE- AC52- 07NA27344. Work by LLNL has been supported, in part, by University of California Laboratory Fee grant 09- LR- 05- 118036- BARA. We thank the staff of the LCLS for their support in carrying out these experiments. We also acknowledge support from the Swedish Research Council, the European Research Council, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, and the DFG Cluster of Excellence at the Munich Centre for Advanced Photonics. The Max Planck Advanced Study Group at CFEL acknowledges technical support by R. Andritschke, K. G " artner, O. H " alker, S. Herrmann, A. H " omke, Ch. Kaiser, K.- U. K " uhnel, W. Leitenberger, D. Miessner, D. Pietschner, M. Porro, R. Richter, G. Schaller, C. Schmidt, F. Schopper, C.- D. Schr " oter, Ch. Thamm, A. Walenta, A. Ziegler, and H. Gorke. N. D. Loh would like to thank G. J. Williams for his insightful suggestions and comments. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 850403 DI 10.1117/12.930075 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900002 ER PT S AU Roseker, W Lee, S Walther, M Schulte-Schrepping, H Franz, H Gray, A Sikorski, M Fuoss, PH Stephenson, GB Robert, A Grubel, G AF Roseker, Wojciech Lee, Sooheyong Walther, Michael Schulte-Schrepping, Horst Franz, Hermann Gray, Amber Sikorski, Marcin Fuoss, Paul H. Stephenson, G. Brian Robert, Aymeric Gruebel, Gerhard BE Moeller, SP Yabashi, M HauRiege, SP TI Hard x-ray delay line for x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy and jitter-free pump-probe experiments at LCLS SO X-RAY FREE-ELECTRON LASERS: BEAM DIAGNOSTICS, BEAMLINE INSTRUMENTATION, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers - Beam Diagnostics, Beamline Instrumentation, and Applications CY AUG 13-16, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE delay line; X-ray optics; XPCS; FEL; coherence ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; SPECKLE AB A hard X-ray delay line device capable of splitting single FEL X-ray pulses into two adjustable fractions and recombining them with the goal of performing X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy and pump - probe type studies was designed. The performance of the device has been verified at the XPP and XCS instruments of LCLS. The measured throughput of the device at 7.9 keV is 3.6%. The coherence properties of the LCLS beam passing through the delay line were investigated by analyzing speckle patterns produced by single LCLS pulses. A high speckle contrast of 0.69 was found, indicating the feasibility of performing coherence based experiments with the delay line. C1 [Roseker, Wojciech; Walther, Michael; Schulte-Schrepping, Horst; Franz, Hermann; Gruebel, Gerhard] DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Lee, Sooheyong] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305340, South Korea. [Gray, Amber; Sikorski, Marcin; Robert, Aymeric] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Fuoss, Paul H.; Stephenson, G. Brian] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Stephenson, G. Brian] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Roseker, W (reprint author), DESY, Notkestr 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. EM wojciech.roseker@desy.de RI Gray, Amber/B-5992-2015 OI Gray, Amber/0000-0002-6557-297X FU German Federal Ministry for Education and Research [BMBF- 05K10KTB]; DFG [SFB925]; Excellence cluster Frontiers in Quantum Photon Science; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge support from German Federal Ministry for Education and Research under Contract No. BMBF- 05K10KTB; DFG within SFB925 and the Excellence cluster Frontiers in Quantum Photon Science. Portions of this research were carried out at the Linac Coherent Light Source ( LCLS) at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. LCLS is an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U. S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. P. H. F. and G. B. S. were supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9221-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8504 AR 85040I DI 10.1117/12.929759 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCX56 UT WOS:000311837900012 ER PT S AU Quinn, H Graham, P Morgan, K Baker, Z Caffrey, M Smith, D Bell, R AF Quinn, Heather Graham, Paul Morgan, Keith Baker, Zachary Caffrey, Michael Smith, Dave Bell, Randy GP IEEE TI On-Orbit Results for the Xilinx Virtex-4 FPGA SO 2012 IEEE RADIATION EFFECTS DATA WORKSHOP (REDW) SE IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW) is Part of the Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC) CY JUL 16-20, 2012 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Inc (IEEE) AB This paper provides information regarding the use of the Xilinx Virtex-4 field-programmable gate array in a spacecraft deployed to low-earth orbit. The results are compared to pre-deployment accelerated and fault-injection testing. C1 [Quinn, Heather; Graham, Paul; Morgan, Keith; Baker, Zachary; Caffrey, Michael; Smith, Dave] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bell, Randy] Dept Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Quinn, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hquinn@lanl.gov FU Los Alamos National Security, LLC (LANS); Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Government FX This work has been authored by an employee of the Los Alamos National Security, LLC (LANS), operator of the Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S. Government has rights to use, reproduce, and distribute this information. The public may copy and use this information without charge, provided that this Notice and any statement of authorship are reproduced on all copies. Neither the Government nor LANS makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any liability or responsibility for the use of this information. The Los Alamos National Laboratory strongly supports academic freedom and a researcher's right to publish; therefore, the Laboratory as an institution does not endorse the viewpoint of a publication or guarantee its technical correctness. This paper is published under LAUR-12-22759. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2154-0519 BN 978-1-4673-2732-9; 978-1-4673-2731-2 J9 IEEE RADIAT EFFECTS PY 2012 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Nuclear SC Engineering; Physics GA BDA37 UT WOS:000312293800009 ER PT J AU Wright, JL McQueen, M Wellman, L AF Wright, Jason L. McQueen, Miles Wellman, Lawrence GP IEEE TI Analyses Of Two End-User Software Vulnerability Exposure Metrics SO 2012 SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AVAILABILITY, RELIABILITY AND SECURITY (ARES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES) CY AUG 20-24, 2012 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Soc ICT Knowledge Transfer, Secure DE security; metrics; experimental security ID SECURITY AB The risk due to software vulnerabilities will not be completely resolved in the near future. Instead, putting reliable vulnerability measures into the hands of end-users so that informed decisions can be made regarding the relative security exposure incurred by choosing one software package over another is of importance. To that end, we propose two new security metrics, average active vulnerabilities (AAV) and vulnerability free days (VFD). These metrics capture both the speed with which new vulnerabilities are reported to vendors and the rate at which software vendors fix them. We then examine how the metrics are computed using currently available data sets and demonstrate their estimation in a simulation experiment using four different browsers as a case study. Finally, we discuss how the metrics may be used by the various stakeholders of software to aid usage decisions. C1 [Wright, Jason L.; McQueen, Miles; Wellman, Lawrence] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Wright, JL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM jlwright@ieee.org; miles.mcqueen@inl.gov; lawrence.wellman@inl.gov OI Wright, Jason/0000-0002-6443-1681 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-4775-6 PY 2012 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1109/ARES.2012.33 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BCX66 UT WOS:000311858100001 ER PT J AU Cao, YH Zhou, BZ Chen, SL Xiao, JH Wang, XM Gu, LH AF Cao, Yonghui Zhou, Benzhi Chen, Shuanglin Xiao, Jianghua Wang, Xiaoming Gu, Lianhong GP IEEE TI Effect of drought stress on photosynthetic properties of Illicium lanceolatum SO 2012 WORLD AUTOMATION CONGRESS (WAC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT World Automation Congress (WAC) CY JUN 24-28, 2012 CL Puerto Vallarta, MEXICO SP TSI Enterprises Inc DE The Chinese anise; ecotypes; drought stress; photosynthetic parameters ID GROWTH AB Understanding the relationship between plants and water has been a major subject of research in plant physiological ecology. Illicium lanceolatum is a conventional medicinal plant species in China. No study has been done to understand the mechanism of how this species responds to water and light conditions. One year old seedlings of four ecotypes were transplanted into pots and drought stress was applied by withholding water for different time-periods. Results show that photosynthetic parameters differ significantly in these ecotypes during the drought stress and the recovery period. As the drought stress progressed, the light saturation points (LSP) and the light compensation point (LCP) declined. The maximum photosynthetic ratio (Pmax) increases initially and then decreases rapidly during the drought treatment period. The apparent photon quantum yield (AQY) increases as drought stress progressed. Significant changes in LSP, LCP, AQY and Pmax, occur between the recovery period and the pre-drought treatment condition, but the level of relative difference is affected by the ecotypes. During the recovery period, the LSP of WN, KH and LA ecotypes is higher than the pre-drought treatment condition, the LCP also recovers rapidly, and AQY also remains at a high level. These results indicate that the four ecotypes are different in the capacity to adapt to light intensity and water stress. The photosynthetic response curve also changes in response to drought stress. Therefore, I. lanceolatum requires a growing environment to provide adequate soil moisture as well as light intensity. C1 [Cao, Yonghui; Zhou, Benzhi; Chen, Shuanglin; Xiao, Jianghua; Wang, Xiaoming] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Cao, YH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. FU Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; Gene Company Ltd FX This work was supported by the project about I.lanceolatum research and a grant from Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China. This work was also supported by Gene Company Ltd.. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4497-5 PY 2012 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BCJ87 UT WOS:000310335802070 ER PT J AU Li, XJ Zhou, BZ Wang, XM Cao, YH Hong, YF Tang, YL Gu, LH AF Li, Xiaojing Zhou, Benzhi Wang, Xiaoming Cao, Yonghui Hong, Yifeng Tang, Yilin Gu, Lianhong GP IEEE TI Seasonal variation of physiological indexes on resprouting of Schima superba after the 2008 ice storm SO 2012 WORLD AUTOMATION CONGRESS (WAC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT World Automation Congress (WAC) CY JUN 24-28, 2012 CL Puerto Vallarta, MEXICO SP TSI Enterprises Inc DE ice storm; Schima superba; resprouing; physiological indexes; seasonal variation ID LAND-USE; REGENERATION; FOREST; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PERSISTENCE; EVERGREEN; HISTORY; TREES AB Schima superba, one of the typical components of subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest community, suffered from 2008 ice strom. With five 400 m(2) randomly-established plots in Zhejiang of China, the status of Schima superba was classified into three patterns: uprooted, decapitated and undamaged. Leaf samples were picked up and mixed from four directions and different positions of trees for physiological indexes determination in March, May, July, September and November, respectively. The average chlorophyll (a+b) content of uprooted, decapitated and undamaged trees in the latter half of the year increased by 10.8%, 21.3% and 8.1% than that of the first half of the year, respectively. Carotenoid content showed a gradual decrease tendency in the uprooted trees and an increase tendency in the decapitated and undamaged trees. LMA showed a gradual increase tendency and their peaks all occurred in September. Nitrogen and phosphorus content of undamaged trees were highest, followed by decapitated trees, and those in uprooted trees were the lowest. C1 [Li, Xiaojing; Zhou, Benzhi; Wang, Xiaoming; Cao, Yonghui; Hong, Yifeng; Tang, Yilin] Chinese Acad Forest, Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Li, XJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forest, Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. FU Non-profit Industry Special Fund of State Forestry Administration of China [201104006]; Chinese Academy of Forestry [CAFYBB2008006] FX This study was sponsored by Non-profit Industry Special Fund of State Forestry Administration of China(Grant 201104006) and Chinese Academy of Forestry (Grant CAFYBB2008006). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4497-5 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BCJ87 UT WOS:000310335801139 ER PT J AU Tang, YL Zhou, BZ Wang, XM Cao, YH Li, XJ Gu, LH AF Tang, Yilin Zhou, Benzhi Wang, Xiaoming Cao, Yonghui Li, Xiaojing Gu, Lianhong GP IEEE TI Dynamics of litterfall production of moso bamboo plantations after the 2008 ice storm SO 2012 WORLD AUTOMATION CONGRESS (WAC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT World Automation Congress (WAC) CY JUN 24-28, 2012 CL Puerto Vallarta, MEXICO SP TSI Enterprises Inc DE ice storm; litterfall production; moso bamboo; altitude; dynamics; Dagangshan ID MAUNA-LOA; FORESTS; DECOMPOSITION; NORTHEAST; HAWAII AB To assess the effects of the 2008 ice storm on litterfall production (LP) of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) plantations, three plots were established respectively at low elevation site (350 m asl) and high elevation site (650 m asl) in June, 2008 at Mount Dagangshan, Jiangxi Province. Based on the survey during the period from June, 2008 to December, 2010, we concluded: (1) the accumulated litterfall production of moso bamboo plantations during the period of 31 monthes was estimated to be 4385.8 kg.ha, with a monthly average of 141.5 kg.ha. Litterfall production in on-year (2009) was 1.5 times of the amount in off-year (2010). Dued to the 2008 ice storm, the year of 2008 had a lower litterfall production than the year of 2010. Compared with the period between June and December of 2008, litterfall production at high and low elevation increased by 18.81% and 31.97% in the same period of 2010, respectively. (2) ANOVA analysis for independent sample (TABLE II.) showed that the difference of litterfall production between 350 m asl and 650 m asl was not significant (P>0.05). (3) There existed large fluctuation in litterfall production among different months. Generally speaking, litterfall production were relatively high during the period from April to June. And the low amount appeared in January, February and December. C1 [Tang, Yilin; Zhou, Benzhi; Wang, Xiaoming; Cao, Yonghui; Li, Xiaojing] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Tang, YL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM tungtung1102@hotmail.com FU Non-profit Industry Special Fund of State Forestry Administration of China [201104008]; Chinese Academy of Forestry [CAFYBB2008006] FX This study was sponsored by Non-profit Industry Special Fund of State Forestry Administration of China (Grant 201104008) and Chinese Academy of Forestry (Grant CAFYBB2008006). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4497-5 PY 2012 PG 4 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BCJ87 UT WOS:000310335802096 ER PT S AU Stockli, MP AF Stockli, Martin P. BE Kuraica, M Mijatovic, Z TI Plasma-Wall Interactions in the Cesiated SNS H- Ion Source SO 26TH SUMMER SCHOOL AND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE PHYSICS OF IONIZED GASES (SPIG 2012) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th Summer School and International Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG) CY AUG 27-31, 2012 CL Zrenjanin, SERBIA SP Sci & Technol Dev Republ Serbia, Minist Educ, Prov Secretariat Sci & Technol Dev, Inst Francais Serbie, Biser Zrenjanin ID BEAM; DESIGN AB High-current H- ion beams are needed to drive high-power accelerators as well as to heat future fusion reactors with neutral beams. The most productive H- sources enhance the production of H- ions with caesium. Cs lowers the work functions of the metal walls, which increases the probability of ions to capture a second electron when bouncing back from the metal plasma walls. However, caesium also causes voltage break downs that can be severe and cause significant downtime. SNS has developed a frugal caesium management, which uses a single injection of similar to 4 mg of caesium to produce similar to 50 mA of H- beam without decay for up to 6 weeks. This paper presents calculations and experimental data, which suggest the persistence of the caesium enhanced H- beams are due to 1) thermally limiting the Cs emission, and 2) conditioning for high purity hydrogen plasma, which eliminates the sputtering of Cs by non-hydrogen ions, and 3) hydrogen ions being too light to sputter Cs. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Stockli, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM stockli@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2012 VL 399 AR 012001 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/399/1/012001 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BDA07 UT WOS:000312261700001 ER PT S AU Baker, KL AF Baker, Kevin L. BE Khounsary, AM ODell, SL Bifano, TG TI X-Ray Wavefront Characterization with Two-Dimensional Wavefront Sensors: Shearing Interferometers and Hartmann Wavefront Sensors SO ADAPTIVE X-RAY OPTICS II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive X-Ray Optics II CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Metrology; X-rays; shearing interferometer; Hartmann sensor; wave-front sensing ID ELECTRON-DENSITY CHARACTERIZATION; PLASMAS AB Phase reconstructions from a two-dimensional shearing interferometer, based on two orthogonal phase gratings in a single plane, and a Hartmann sensor are compared. Design alternatives for both wavefront sensors are given and simulated performance of both the two-dimensional x-ray shearing interferometer and Hartmann wavefront sensor are presented for two different phase profiles. The first comparison is an evaluation of metrology on DT ice layers in an inertial confinement fusion capsule and the second comparison is a high frequency "asterisk" phase profile. Both of these sensors can measure the two-dimensional wave-front gradient of an x-ray beam, as well as the x-ray absorption. These instruments measure the two-dimensional wave-front gradient in a single measurement and the wavefront sensor is located in a single plane making them much less sensitive to vibrations than most other wavefront sensing techniques. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Baker, KL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-481, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9220-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8503 AR 85030G DI 10.1117/12.945986 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCZ42 UT WOS:000312165200014 ER PT S AU Hart, M Codona, J Codona, R Ammons, SM Macintosh, BA AF Hart, Michael Codona, Johanan Codona, Robert Ammons, S. Mark Macintosh, Bruce A. BE Khounsary, AM ODell, SL Bifano, TG TI Conceptual design of a grazing incidence X-ray deformable mirror using voice-coil actuators SO ADAPTIVE X-RAY OPTICS II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive X-Ray Optics II CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Adaptive optics; deformable mirrors; X-ray optics AB High-energy beams of X-rays used in studies of molecular structure have imperfect wavefront quality. Improved point-spread functions can in principle be made by adjustment of a deformable mirror (DM) in the beam train. Conventional DMs are unsuitable because they are not intended for use at the necessary grazing incidence angles, and the optical surface is not sufficiently stable. We describe the conceptual design for a new DM that addresses the requirements of this application. Our design draws on successful strategies employed in the adaptive secondary mirrors at the MMT and LBT telescopes, including the use of voice-coil actuators with collocated capacitive position sensors. C1 [Hart, Michael; Codona, Johanan; Codona, Robert] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ammons, S. Mark; Macintosh, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hart, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 FU U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE- AC52- 07NA27344]; LLNL LDRD office [11- ERD- 015.]; University of Arizona; Lawrence Livermore National Security [B597543] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE- AC52- 07NA27344. This project was enabled by the LLNL LDRD office through program 11- ERD- 015. Work at the University of Arizona was supported by Lawrence Livermore National Security under contract B597543. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9220-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8503 AR 850304 DI 10.1117/12.939997 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCZ42 UT WOS:000312165200004 ER PT S AU Pardini, T Poyneer, LA Plinta, A Cavaco, JL Pivovaroff, MJ AF Pardini, Tommaso Poyneer, Lisa A. Plinta, Audrey Cavaco, Jeffrey L. Pivovaroff, Michael J. BE Khounsary, AM ODell, SL Bifano, TG TI Simulating Wavefront Correction via Deformable Mirrors at X-Ray Beamlines SO ADAPTIVE X-RAY OPTICS II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive X-Ray Optics II CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Adaptive x-ray optics; deformable mirrors; wavefront correction; wavefront simulations ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB Deformable mirrors (DMs) have been successfully used in astronomical adaptive optics at visible and near-infrared wavelengths,greatly reducing atmospheric-induced aberrations. Building up on the extensive techniques and methods developed for these applications, we propose to extend this capability to the soft and hard x-ray regime in order to take full advantage of the beam quality characteristic of new facilities such as the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS-II), and the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Achieving this goal challenges both current mirror manufacturing techniques and wavefront propagation modeling. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), in collaboration with Northrop Grumman AOA Xinetics Inc., is currently developing an x-ray deformable mirror to correct for wave-front aberrations introduced along the beam path of a typical x-ray beamline. To model the expected performance of such a mirror, we have developed a simulation based on the wavefront propagation code PROPER. We will present the current implementation of the software, which models actuation of a deformable mirror and evaluates its effect on wavefront correction. C1 [Pardini, Tommaso; Poyneer, Lisa A.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Plinta, Audrey; Cavaco, Jeffrey L.] Northrop Grumman, AOA Xinet INC, Devens, MA 01434 USA. RP Pardini, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pardini2@llnl.gov RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014 OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [E-AC 52 07 NA 27344]; Document Release [LLNL-PROC-568453] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC 52 07 NA 27344. Document Release Number LLNL-PROC-568453. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9220-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8503 AR 85030H DI 10.1117/12.947739 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCZ42 UT WOS:000312165200015 ER PT S AU Poyneer, LA Bauman, B Macintosh, B AF Poyneer, Lisa A. Bauman, Brian Macintosh, Bruce BE Khounsary, AM ODell, SL Bifano, TG TI Aliasing in a Hartmann wavefront sensor at x-ray wavelengths SO ADAPTIVE X-RAY OPTICS II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive X-Ray Optics II CY AUG 14, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Adaptive optics; Hartmann sensor; X-ray optics; aliasing; wavefront sensing ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM AB The Hartmann Sensor is a simple and well-established method to interrogate wavefront quality. Recently the Hartmann sensor has been used at very short wavelengths, including the extreme UV. Here we consider the Hartmann sensor and its ability to measure the wavefront of an x-ray beam. We use both analytic methods and a wave-optics, Fresnel-diffraction simulation. The Hartmann sensor samples the wavefront, which means that it is susceptible to aliasing (the non-linear phenomenon where high-spatial frequency components are incorrectly measured as low-spatial frequency components). Our analysis shows that aliasing is more severe in the Hartmann sensor than in the corresponding (optical) Shack-Hartmann. Aliasing worsens as Hartmann hole size shrinks. The wave-optics simulations show that for reasonable optics-polishing errors and Hartmann mask design, aliasing errors can be of the same magnitude as the phase that is to be measured. C1 [Poyneer, Lisa A.; Bauman, Brian; Macintosh, Bruce] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Poyneer, LA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM poyneer1@llnl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9220-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2012 VL 8503 AR 85030I DI 10.1117/12.946116 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BCZ42 UT WOS:000312165200016 ER PT S AU Artemiev, NA Chow, KP La Civita, D Merthe, DJ Chuang, YD McKinney, WR Yashchuk, VV AF Artemiev, Nikolay A. Chow, Ken P. La Civita, Daniele Merthe, Daniel J. Chuang, Yi-De McKinney, Wayne R. Yashchuk, Valeriy V. BE Assoufid, L Takacs, PZ Asundi, AK TI Optimal setting of bendable optics based on FEA calculations SO ADVANCES IN METROLOGY FOR X-RAY AND EUV OPTICS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Metrology for X-Ray and EUV Optics IV CY AUG 12, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE x-ray optics; Kirkpatrick-Baez; bendable mirrors; characteristic function; regression analysis; long trace profiler; metrology of x-ray optics; Finite Element Analysis; FEA ID X-RAY MIRRORS; DESIGN AB Recently, a technique for optimal tuning and calibration of bendable x-ray optics using surface slope data obtained with a slope measuring long trace profiler (LTP) was developed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) optical metrology laboratory (OML) [Opt. Eng. 48(8), 083601 (2009)]. In this technique, slope distributions measured at different settings of the bending couples at each end of a flat substrate are used to construct bender charact