FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Subin, ZM
Riley, WJ
Jin, J
Christianson, DS
Torn, MS
Kueppers, LM
AF Subin, Z. M.
Riley, W. J.
Jin, J.
Christianson, D. S.
Torn, M. S.
Kueppers, L. M.
TI Ecosystem Feedbacks to Climate Change in California: Development,
Testing, and Analysis Using a Coupled Regional Atmosphere and Land
Surface Model (WRF3-CLM3.5)
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Regional climate model; Afforestation; Climate-ecosystem feedbacks
ID GLOBAL VEGETATION MODEL; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COVER CHANGE; CHANGE
SCENARIOS; SYSTEM MODEL; PART II; IMPACTS; CARBON; TEMPERATURE;
DEFORESTATION
AB A regional atmosphere model [Weather Research and Forecasting model version 3 (WRF3)] and a land surface model [Community Land Model, version 3.5 (CLM3.5)] were coupled to study the interactions between the atmosphere and possible future California land-cover changes. The impact was evaluated on California's climate of changes in natural vegetation under climate change and of intentional afforestation. The ability of WRF3 to simulate California's climate was assessed by comparing simulations by WRF3-CLM3.5 and WRF3-Noah to observations from 1982 to 1991.
Using WRF3-CLM3.5, the authors performed six 13-yr experiments using historical and future large-scale climate boundary conditions from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ClimateModel version 2.1 (GFDL CM2.1). The land-cover scenarios included historical and future natural vegetation from the Mapped Atmosphere-Plant-Soil System-Century 1 (MC1) dynamic vegetation model, in addition to a future 8-million-ha California afforestation scenario. Natural vegetation changes alone caused summer daily-mean 2-m air temperature changes of -0.7 degrees to +1 degrees C in regions without persistent snow cover, depending on the location and the type of vegetation change. Vegetation temperature changes were much larger than the 2-m air temperature changes because of the finescale spatial heterogeneity of the imposed vegetation change. Up to 30% of the magnitude of the summer daily-mean 2-m air temperature increase and 70% of the magnitude of the 1600 local time (LT) vegetation temperature increase projected under future climate change were attributable to the climate-driven shift in land cover. The authors projected that afforestation could cause local 0.2 degrees-1.2 degrees C reductions in summer daily-mean 2-m air temperature and 2.0 degrees-3.7 degrees C reductions in 1600 LT vegetation temperature for snow-free regions, primarily because of increased evapotranspiration. Because some of these temperature changes are of comparable magnitude to those projected under climate change this century, projections of climate and vegetation change in this region need to consider these climate-vegetation interactions.
C1 [Subin, Z. M.; Riley, W. J.; Torn, M. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Subin, Z. M.; Christianson, D. S.; Torn, M. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jin, J.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Kueppers, L. M.] Univ Calif Merced, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Merced, CA USA.
[Kueppers, L. M.] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA USA.
RP Subin, ZM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50A4037, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM subin@post.harvard.edu
RI Subin, Zachary/K-5168-2012; Jin, Jiming/A-9678-2011; Kueppers,
Lara/M-8323-2013; Riley, William/D-3345-2015; Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015
OI Subin, Zachary/0000-0002-9257-9288; Kueppers, Lara/0000-0002-8134-3579;
Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304;
FU California Energy Commission; Office of Biological and Environmental
Research of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors thank Ron Neilson (Oregon State University), Jim Lenihan
(USDA Forest Service), and Sandra Brown (Winrock International) for
providing scenarios of vegetation change in California; Sebastien Biraud
(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) and Ramona Butz (USDA Forest
Service) for helping convert various files to common resolutions and
projections; and Norman L. Miller (Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory) for his contribution to the WRF2-CLM3.0 coupling work.
Simulations were performed on computers at the University of California,
Merced and at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The computers were
maintained by Joseph Norris in Merced and Krishna Muriki and Susan James
in Berkeley, whose help was invaluable throughout the simulation
process. Two anonymous reviewers also provided detailed comments that
allowed us to substantially improve the clarity of this article. This
work was funded by the California Energy Commission's PIER
Energy-Related Environmental Research Program (but it does not
necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, their
employees, or the state of California; it has not been reviewed by
Energy Commission or the University of California; and no liability is
assumed for this information or its use). This research was also
supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the
U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, as part of
the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program.
NR 106
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Z9 27
U1 1
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 15
AR 15
DI 10.1175/2010EI331.1
PG 38
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 771HV
UT WOS:000291148700001
ER
PT J
AU Dou, QF
Sun, YF
Sullivan, C
AF Dou, Qifeng
Sun, Yuefeng
Sullivan, Charlotte
TI Rock-physics-based carbonate pore type characterization and reservoir
permeability heterogeneity evaluation, Upper San Andres reservoir,
Permian Basin, west Texas
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbonate rock physics model; Pore type diversity; Permeability
heterogeneity; Seismic velocity
ID VELOCITY; FIELD
AB In addition to mineral composition and pore fluid, pore type variations play an important role in affecting the complexity of velocity-porosity relationship and permeability heterogeneity of carbonate reservoirs. Without consideration of pore type diversity, most rock physics models applicable to clastic rocks for explaining the rock acoustic properties and reservoir parameters relationship may not work well for carbonate reservoirs. A frame flexibility factor (gamma) defined in a new carbonate rock physics model can quantify the effect of pore structure changes on seismic wave velocity and permeability heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs. Our study of an Upper San Andres carbonate reservoir, Permian Basin, shows that for core samples of given porosity, the lower the frame flexibility factor (gamma), the higher the sonic wave velocity. For the studied reservoir, samples with frame flexibility factor (gamma)<3.85 represent either visible vuggy pore space in a dolopackstone or intercrystalline pore space in dolowackstone. On the other hand, samples with frame flexibility factor (gamma)>3.85 indicate either dominant interparticle pore space in dolopackstone or microcrack pore space in dolowackstone or dolomudstone. Using the frame flexibility factor (gamma), different porosity-impedance and porosity-permeability trends can be classified with clear geologic interpretation such as pore type and rock texture variations to improve porosity and permeability prediction accuracy. New porosity-permeability relations with gamma classification help delineate permeability heterogeneity in the Upper San Andres reservoir, and could be useful for other similar carbonate reservoir studies. In addition, results from analysis of amplitude variation with offset (AVO) and impedance modeling indicate that by combining rock physics model and pre-stack seismic inversion, simultaneous estimation of porosity and frame flexibility factor (gamma) is quite feasible because of the strong influence of carbonate pore types on AVO especially when offset is large. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dou, Qifeng; Sun, Yuefeng] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Sullivan, Charlotte] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Sun, YF (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM sun@geos.tamu.edu
FU DOE [DE-FC26-04NT15504]; Conoco Phillips Company; Devon Energy
Corporation; Hess Corporation
FX This research was partially supported by DOE Grant DE-FC26-04NT15504.
Qifeng Dou is indebted to Conoco Phillips Company, Devon Energy
Corporation and Hess Corporation for their fellowship support. We thank
Burlington Oil Company for providing us the data. Hao Guo at the
University of Houston helped seismic data processing for the DOE
project. Hamid Adesokan helped to enhance the readability of the
manuscript. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments and critical reviews that greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 29
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U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0926-9851
J9 J APPL GEOPHYS
JI J. Appl. Geophys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 74
IS 1
BP 8
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.02.010
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 773FB
UT WOS:000291291300002
ER
PT J
AU Windisch, CF
Pierce, EM
Burton, SD
Bovaird, CC
AF Windisch, Charles F., Jr.
Pierce, Eric M.
Burton, Sarah D.
Bovaird, Chase C.
TI Deep-UV Raman spectroscopic analysis of structure and dissolution rates
of silica-rich sodium borosilicate glasses
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Raman spectroscopy; UV-Raman; Borosilicate; Trisilicate; Dissolution;
Q(3) fraction
ID NA2O-B2O3-SIO2; NEPHELINE; ALUMINA; SPECTRA
AB As part of ongoing studies to evaluate relationships between structure and rates of dissolution of silicate glasses in aqueous media, sodium borosilicate glasses of composition Na(2)O center dot xB(2)O(3)center dot(3-x)SiO(2), with x <= 1 (Na(2)O/B(2)O(3) ratio >= 1), were analyzed using deep-UV Raman spectroscopy. Results were quantified in terms of the fraction of SiO(4) tetrahedra with one non-bridging oxygen (Q(3)) and then correlated with Na(2)O and B(2)O(3) content. The Q(3) fraction was found to increase with increasing Na(2)O content, in agreement with studies on related glasses, and, as long as the value of x was not too high, this contributed to higher rates of dissolution in single pass flow-through testing. In contrast, dissolution rates were less strongly determined by the Q(3) fraction when the value of x was near unity, and appeared to grow larger upon further reduction of the Q(3) fraction. Results were interpreted to indicate the increasingly important role of network hydrolysis in the glass dissolution mechanism as the BO(4) tetrahedron replaces the Q(3) unit as the charge-compensating structure for Na(+) ions. Finally, the use of deep-UV Raman spectroscopy was found to be advantageous in studying finely powdered glasses in cases where visible Raman spectroscopy suffered from weak Raman scattering and fluorescence interference. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Windisch, Charles F., Jr.; Pierce, Eric M.; Burton, Sarah D.; Bovaird, Chase C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Windisch, CF (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MS K2-01,Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM cf.windisch@pnl.gov
RI Pierce, Eric/G-1615-2011
OI Pierce, Eric/0000-0002-4951-1931
FU U. S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science and Technology; DOE
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research
FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office
of Science and Technology under the Environmental Management Science
Program. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by
Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. A portion of the
research was performed using EMSL, a national science user facility
sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research located at PNNL.
NR 19
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U1 2
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3093
J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 357
IS 10
BP 2170
EP 2177
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2011.02.046
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 771PF
UT WOS:000291172500026
ER
PT J
AU Keiser, DD
Jue, JF
Yao, B
Perez, E
Sohn, Y
Clark, CR
AF Keiser, Dennis D., Jr.
Jue, Jan-Fong
Yao, Bo
Perez, Emmanuel
Sohn, Yongho
Clark, Curtis R.
TI Microstructural characterization of U-7Mo/Al-Si alloy matrix dispersion
fuel plates fabricated at 500 degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID U-MO ALLOY; INTERDIFFUSION; AL; SI
AB The starting microstructure of a dispersion fuel plate will impact the overall performance of the plate during irradiation. To improve the understanding of the as-fabricated microstructures of U-Mo dispersion fuel plates, particularly the interaction layers that can form between the fuel particles and the matrix, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses have been performed on samples from depleted U-7Mo (U-7Mo) dispersion fuel plates with either Al-2 wt.% Si(Al-2Si) or AA4043 alloy matrix. It was observed that in the thick interaction layers, U(Al, Si)3 and U6Mo4Al43 were present, and in the thin interaction layers, (U, Mo) (Al, Si)3, U(Al, 51)4, U3Si3Al2, U3Si5, and possibly USi-type phases were observed. The U3Si3Al2 phase contained some Mo. Based on the results of this investigation, the time that a dispersion fuel plate is exposed to a relatively high temperature during fabrication will impact the nature of the interaction layers around the fuel particles. Uniformly thin, Si-rich layers will develop around the U-7Mo particles for shorter exposure times, and thicker. Si-depleted layers will develop for the longer exposure times. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Keiser, Dennis D., Jr.; Jue, Jan-Fong; Clark, Curtis R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Yao, Bo; Perez, Emmanuel; Sohn, Yongho] Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
RP Keiser, DD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Dennis.Keiser@inl.gov
RI Yao, Bo/C-9927-2011; Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010
OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction,
National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations
Office [AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212), National Nuclear Security
Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the US Government retains a
non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US
Government purposes.
NR 20
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U1 3
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 412
IS 1
BP 90
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.02.027
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 771OU
UT WOS:000291171400013
ER
PT J
AU Chopra, OK
Rao, AS
AF Chopra, O. K.
Rao, A. S.
TI A review of irradiation effects on LWR core internal materials - Neutron
embrittlement
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; MICROSTRUCTURAL
EVOLUTION; ATOM PROBE; BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE; HYDROGEN; CRACKING;
ALLOYS; PWR
AB Austenitic stainless steels (SSs) are used extensively as structural alloys in the internal components of light water reactor (LWR) pressure vessels because of their relatively high strength, ductility, and fracture toughness. However, exposure to neutron irradiation for extended periods not only changes the microstructure and microchemistry of these steels, but also degrades their fracture properties. The existing data on irradiated austenitic SSs are reviewed to determine the effects of key parameters such as material type and condition and irradiation temperature, dose, and dose rate on neutron embrittlement. Differences in the radiation-induced degradation of fracture properties between LWR and fast-reactor irradiations are also discussed. The results are used to (a) define a threshold fluence above which irradiation effects on fracture toughness of the material are significant, (b) evaluate the potential of neutron embrittlement under LWR operating conditions, and (c) assess the potential effects of voids on fracture toughness. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chopra, O. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rao, A. S.] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Div Engn, Washington, DC 20555 USA.
RP Chopra, OK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM okc@anl.gov
FU Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission
[N6818]
FX The authors are grateful to Bill Shack for his invaluable input and
guidance in preparing this paper. This work is sponsored by the Office
of Nuclear Regulatory Research, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, under
Job Code N6818; Program Manager: Appajosula S. Rao.
NR 71
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U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 412
IS 1
BP 195
EP 208
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.02.059
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 771OU
UT WOS:000291171400027
ER
PT J
AU Clark, SPR
Ahirwar, P
Jaeckel, FT
Hains, CP
Albrecht, AR
Rotter, TJ
Dawson, LR
Balakrishnan, G
Hopkins, PE
Phinney, LM
Hader, J
Moloney, JV
AF Clark, S. P. R.
Ahirwar, P.
Jaeckel, F. T.
Hains, C. P.
Albrecht, A. R.
Rotter, T. J.
Dawson, L. R.
Balakrishnan, G.
Hopkins, P. E.
Phinney, L. M.
Hader, J.
Moloney, J. V.
TI Growth and thermal conductivity analysis of polycrystalline GaAs on
chemical vapor deposition diamond for use in thermal management of
high-power semiconductor lasers
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOREFLECTANCE; TEMPERATURE
AB The authors demonstrate the growth of polycrystalline GaAs thin films on polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. The low-temperature GaAs (LT-GaAs) layer is easily polished compared to the CVD diamond, and this process results in a reduction of rms surface roughness from >50 to <5 nm. This makes the LT-GaAs on diamond layer an ideal wafer-bonding interface for high-power semiconductor devices. The samples were grown at 0.2 mu m/h with a substrate temperature of 250 degrees C and a 1:8 III/V beam equivalent pressure ratio. The samples were analyzed by x-ray powder diffraction, atomic force microscopy for surface roughness, and in situ reflective high-energy electron diffraction during molecular beam epitaxy growth. The authors also measure the thermal conductivity of the GaAs layer on CVD diamond using pump-probe time domain thermoreflectance. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3565054]
C1 [Clark, S. P. R.; Ahirwar, P.; Jaeckel, F. T.; Hains, C. P.; Albrecht, A. R.; Rotter, T. J.; Dawson, L. R.; Balakrishnan, G.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
[Hopkins, P. E.; Phinney, L. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Hader, J.; Moloney, J. V.] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Clark, SPR (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA.
EM sprclark@chtm.unm.edu
RI balakrishnan, ganesh/F-7587-2011; Ahirwar, Pankaj/O-9413-2014;
OI Ahirwar, Pankaj/0000-0002-1223-1848; Jaeckel, Felix/0000-0001-6401-7010
FU U.S. Joint Technology Office, AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0573]; Optoelectronics
Research Center (at CHTM), AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0202]; United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]; LDRD program office through the Sandia National
Laboratories
FX This research is done at the University of New Mexico and the University
of Arizona for this publication and was funded by a U.S. Joint
Technology Office Multidisciplinary Research Initiative Program, AFOSR
Grant No. FA9550-07-1-0573 and Optoelectronics Research Center (at
CHTM), AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0202. P. E. H is grateful for funding
from the LDRD program office through the Sandia National Laboratories
Harry S. Truman Fellowship. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated
by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
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U1 0
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PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03C130
DI 10.1116/1.3565054
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300066
ER
PT J
AU France, R
Ptak, AJ
AF France, Ryan
Ptak, Aaron J.
TI Low-misfit epilayer analyses using in situ wafer curvature measurements
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID STRAIN RELAXATION; BEAM EPITAXY; MOCVD GROWTH; STRESS; INGAAS/GAAS;
DISLOCATION; EVOLUTION; HETEROEPITAXY; MORPHOLOGY; SENSOR
AB Several benefits of in situ wafer curvature monitoring on simple structures with low misfit are discussed. The misfit of lattice-mismatched layers is measured during pseudomorphic growth, allowing for experiments that test relationships between misfit and growth conditions. As an example, Bi incorporation in GaAs is quantified by varying the substrate temperature throughout growth while using curvature measurements to continuously calculate the composition. Results agree well with x-ray diffraction measurements on individual GaAsBi samples, demonstrating the utility of this technique for the study of incorporation in mismatched systems. Once relaxation begins, the strain and dislocation energetics of low-misfit epilayers are determined from changes in wafer curvature. The authors perform several analyses on GaInAs epilayers with different misfits using an anisotropic thin film approximation. Substantial information on dislocation formation and motion is derived from the wafer curvature. Potential applications of this technique include the study of devices that utilize coherently strained layers and structures that intentionally use dislocations to relieve strain. Wafer curvature is a powerful method for comparing strain evolution in mismatched materials. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3556974]
C1 [France, Ryan; Ptak, Aaron J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP France, R (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM ryan.france@nrel.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable
Energy Laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank J. F. Geisz, M. A. Steiner, and W. E.
McMahon for useful conversations. This work was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the
National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
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PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03C115
DI 10.1116/1.3556974
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300051
ER
PT J
AU He, L
Collins, BA
Tsui, F
Chu, YS
AF He, Liang
Collins, Brian A.
Tsui, Frank
Chu, Yong S.
TI Epitaxial growth of Co(x)Mn(y)Si(z) (111) thin films in the
compositional range around the Heusler alloy Co(2)MnSi
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID METALLIC FERROMAGNET NIMNSB; X-RAY; DISORDER
AB Epitaxial growth and structural properties of Co(x)Mn(y)Si(z) thin films on Ge (111) substrates, including the Heusler alloy Co(2)MnSi (111), have been studied using combinatorial molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) techniques. In situ reflection high energy electron diffraction and ex situ x-ray diffraction experiments show that high quality coherent MBE growth with fcc (111) stacking can be achieved over a relatively large composition space that includes Co(2)MnSi. The highest structural and chemical ordering is observed near the composition of Co(0.63)Mn(0.14)Si(0.23) rather than that at the Heusler stoichiometry of Co(2)MnSi. The in-plane crystallographic axis of the fcc film exhibits a 60 degrees rotation with respect to that of the Ge substrate. The rotation appears to be originated at the film-substrate interface, as a result of the symmetry and stacking of the Ge (111) surface reconstruction. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3567419]
C1 [He, Liang; Collins, Brian A.; Tsui, Frank] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Chu, Yong S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Tsui, F (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM ftsui@physics.unc.edu
RI He, Liang/E-5935-2012; Collins, Brian/M-5182-2013
OI Collins, Brian/0000-0003-2047-8418
FU DOE BES [DE-FG02-05ER46216, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Brookhaven Science
Associates, LLC [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy
FX The work was supported by DOE BES Grant No. DE-FG02-05ER46216. The use
of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by DOE BES Grant No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. A part of the work was supported by the Brookhaven
Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the
U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 18
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U1 0
U2 6
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03C124
DI 10.1116/1.3567419
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300060
ER
PT J
AU Lin, Y
Norman, AG
McMahon, WE
Moutinho, HR
Jiang, CS
Ptak, AJ
AF Lin, Y.
Norman, A. G.
McMahon, W. E.
Moutinho, H. R.
Jiang, C. -S.
Ptak, A. J.
TI Single-crystalline aluminum grown on MgAl(2)O(4) spinel using
molecular-beam epitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; OXIDE SURFACES; FILMS; INTERFACES; ENERGY;
NUCLEATION; CDTE
AB Al thin films were grown on MgAl(2)O(4) spinel substrates using solid-source molecular-beam epitaxy. The structural properties of Al layers were systematically investigated as a function of substrate orientation and growth temperature. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy show that low growth temperatures lead to smoother and more coalesced Al films. X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements demonstrate that Al layers are single crystalline and coherently grown on both (100)- and (111)-oriented spinel substrates. EBSD data also clearly reveal a high density of twin domain structures in Al films grown on (111) spinel substrates, and all twin boundaries were determined to be Sigma 3 boundaries. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the presence of twin structures. Al grown on (001) spinel roughens more easily than Al grown on (111) spinel at higher growth temperatures. It is suggested that Al surface energy and thermal expansion mismatch play a critical role in the evolution of surface morphology of Al thin films grown on MgAl(2)O(4) spinel. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3570869]
C1 [Lin, Y.; Norman, A. G.; McMahon, W. E.; Moutinho, H. R.; Jiang, C. -S.; Ptak, A. J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lin, Y (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM yong_lin@emcore.com
RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010; jiang, chun-sheng/F-7839-2012
OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X;
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable
Energy Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03C128
DI 10.1116/1.3570869
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300064
ER
PT J
AU Lo, CF
Ren, F
Chang, CY
Pearton, SJ
Chen, SH
Chang, CM
Wang, SY
Chyi, JI
Kravchenko, II
AF Lo, C. F.
Ren, F.
Chang, C. Y.
Pearton, S. J.
Chen, S. -H.
Chang, C. -M.
Wang, S. -Y.
Chyi, J. -I.
Kravchenko, I. I.
TI Fabrication of InAlAs/InGaAsSb/InGaAs double heterojunction bipolar
transistors
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY; TEMPERATURE
AB A trilevel resist system was employed to fabricate self-aligned, submicron emitter finger In0.52Al0.48As/In0.42Ga0.58As0.77Sb0.23/In0.53Ga0.47As double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs). Selective wet-etchants were used to define the emitter fingers and to form an InGaAs guard-ring around the emitter fingers. Due to the low energy bandgap of the InGaAsSb base layer and type II base-collector junction, a low turn-on voltage of 0.38 V at 1 A/cm(2) and a high dc current gain of 123.8 for a DHBT with a 0.65 x 8.65 mu m(2) emitter area were obtained. A unity gain cutoff frequency (f(T)) of 260 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency (f(max)) of 485 GHz at J(C) = 302 kA/cm(2) were achieved. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3589808]
C1 [Lo, C. F.; Ren, F.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Chang, C. Y.; Pearton, S. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Chen, S. -H.; Chang, C. -M.; Wang, S. -Y.; Chyi, J. -I.] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan.
[Kravchenko, I. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Lo, CF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM ren@che.ufl.edu
RI Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015; Chyi, Jen-Inn/A-1799-2016
OI Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822;
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [00075094]; NSF [ECCS 0901711]; Superfund
Basic Research Program [RO1ES015449]; National Science Council, Taiwan
R.O.C. [NSC-96-2628-E-008-0072MY3]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy
FX The work at UF is partially supported by the Office of Naval Research
(ONR) under Contract No. 00075094 monitored by Dr. Chagaan Baatar, NSF
under Contract No. ECCS 0901711 monitored by Dr. Yogesh B. Gianchandani,
and by Superfund Basic Research Program Grant No. RO1ES015449. The work
at National Central University is partially supported by the National
Science Council, Taiwan R.O.C. under Contract No.
NSC-96-2628-E-008-0072MY3. A portion of this research was conducted at
the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 6
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 031205
DI 10.1116/1.3589808
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300010
ER
PT J
AU Norman, AG
France, R
Ptak, AJ
AF Norman, Andrew G.
France, Ryan
Ptak, Aaron J.
TI Atomic ordering and phase separation in MBE GaAs(1-x)Bi(x)
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; EPITAXIAL LAYERS; ALLOY; GROWTH;
SEMICONDUCTORS; SUPERLATTICES; DIFFRACTION; SB
AB Transmission electron microscopy studies of GaAs(1-x)Bi(x) layers grown at low temperature by molecular beam epitaxy have revealed evidence of both atomic ordering and phase separation. In layers containing up to similar to 10% Bi, the two variants of CuPt(B)-type atomic ordering on {111}B planes were observed and this is believed to be associated with the surface reconstruction present during growth. In a sample containing similar to 13% Bi, no atomic ordering was observed but instead an anisotropic platelike structure was present that is believed to result from phase separation, possibly associated with the surface segregation of excess Bi during growth. Both of these effects are expected to have significant effects on the electrical and optical properties of the material. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3562512]
C1 [Norman, Andrew G.; France, Ryan; Ptak, Aaron J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Norman, AG (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM andrew.norman@nrel.gov
RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010
OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable
Energy Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 14
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03C121
DI 10.1116/1.3562512
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300057
ER
PT J
AU Williamson, TL
Williams, JJ
Hubbard, JCD
Hoffbauer, MA
AF Williamson, Todd L.
Williams, Joshua J.
Hubbard, Jonathan C. D.
Hoffbauer, Mark A.
TI High In content In(x)Ga(1-x)N grown by energetic neutral atom beam
lithography and epitaxy under slightly N-rich conditions
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID III-NITRIDE ALLOYS; INN; INGAN; GAN
AB Two series of In-rich InGaN films with compositions of similar to 25% and similar to 35% In, grown over a substrate temperature range from 490 to 620 degrees C, show how the film properties improve as the growth temperature is lowered below the InN decomposition temperature of similar to 550 degrees C in vacuum. These InGaN films have been grown using a novel growth technique utilizing energetic N atoms as the active growth species. Under N-rich growth conditions, these InGaN films show how compositional uniformity, crystallinity, band edge photoluminescence, and surface morphology are improved as growth temperatures are reduced. The results emphasize the importance of energetic N atoms and lower substrate temperatures for overcoming difficulties associated with growing high-quality In-rich In(x)Ga(1-x)N thin film materials. Utilizing energetic N atoms allows for the growth of high-quality, thick (>500 nm) In(x)Ga(1-x)N films at temperatures below 500 degrees C. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3581870]
C1 [Williamson, Todd L.; Williams, Joshua J.; Hubbard, Jonathan C. D.; Hoffbauer, Mark A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Williamson, TL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mhoffbauer@lanl.gov
FU Laboratory Directed Research Development
FX This work was supported by Laboratory Directed Research & Development
funding at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03C132
DI 10.1116/1.3581870
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 770TL
UT WOS:000291111300068
ER
PT J
AU Dunlop, MJ
Dossani, ZY
Szmidt, HL
Chu, HC
Lee, TS
Keasling, JD
Hadi, MZ
Mukhopadhyay, A
AF Dunlop, Mary J.
Dossani, Zain Y.
Szmidt, Heather L.
Chu, Hou Cheng
Lee, Taek Soon
Keasling, Jay D.
Hadi, Masood Z.
Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila
TI Engineering microbial biofuel tolerance and export using efflux pumps
SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biofuel; efflux pump; synthetic biology; tolerance engineering
ID PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA S12; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; SOLVENT TOLERANCE;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; GENOMIC ANALYSIS; MECHANISMS;
RESISTANCE; PROVIDE
AB Many compounds being considered as candidates for advanced biofuels are toxic to microorganisms. This introduces an undesirable trade-off when engineering metabolic pathways for biofuel production because the engineered microbes must balance production against survival. Cellular export systems, such as efflux pumps, provide a direct mechanism for reducing biofuel toxicity. To identify novel biofuel pumps, we used bioinformatics to generate a list of all efflux pumps from sequenced bacterial genomes and prioritized a subset of targets for cloning. The resulting library of 43 pumps was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, where we tested it against seven representative biofuels. By using a competitive growth assay, we efficiently distinguished pumps that improved survival. For two of the fuels (n-butanol and isopentanol), none of the pumps improved tolerance. For all other fuels, we identified pumps that restored growth in the presence of biofuel. We then tested a beneficial pump directly in a production strain and demonstrated that it improved biofuel yields. Our findings introduce new tools for engineering production strains and utilize the increasingly large database of sequenced genomes. Molecular Systems Biology 7: 487; published online 10 May 2011; doi: 10.1038/msb.2011.21
C1 [Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dunlop, Mary J.; Dossani, Zain Y.; Szmidt, Heather L.; Chu, Hou Cheng; Lee, Taek Soon; Keasling, Jay D.; Hadi, Masood Z.; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA.
[Dunlop, Mary J.] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA.
[Chu, Hou Cheng; Hadi, Masood Z.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Mukhopadhyay, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM amukhopadhyay@lbl.gov
RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Luan, Gan/B-3211-2015
OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088;
FU US Department of Energy's Joint BioEnergy Institute [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank Mario Ouellet for advice on the custom microarray design;
Rossana Chan for technical help with the limonene production strain; and
Nathan Hillson, Pamela Peralta-Yahya and Joshua Gilmore for helpful
discussions. We also thank Antoine Danchin and Jiandong Huang for
providing the P. haloplanktis TAC125 strain. John Bates helped to
generate the list of HAE1 efflux pump sequences. Hiroshi Nikaido
provided thoughtful comments on the manuscript. This work was conducted
at the US Department of Energy's Joint BioEnergy Institute, supported
through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 28
TC 167
Z9 172
U1 18
U2 118
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1744-4292
J9 MOL SYST BIOL
JI Mol. Syst. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
AR 487
DI 10.1038/msb.2011.21
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 773ZL
UT WOS:000291351000002
PM 21556065
ER
PT J
AU Talamo, A
Gohar, Y
Aliberti, G
Cao, Y
Smith, D
Zhong, Z
Kiyavitskaya, H
Bournos, V
Fokov, Y
Routkovskaya, C
Serafimovich, I
AF Talamo, Alberto
Gohar, Y.
Aliberti, G.
Cao, Y.
Smith, D.
Zhong, Z.
Kiyavitskaya, H.
Bournos, V.
Fokov, Y.
Routkovskaya, C.
Serafimovich, I.
TI MCNPX, MONK, and ERANOS analyses of the YALINA Booster subcritical
assembly
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
ID DELAYED NEUTRON FRACTION; TRANSMUTATION; GENERATION; CARLO
AB This paper compares the numerical results obtained from various nuclear codes and nuclear data libraries with the YALINA Booster subcritical assembly (Minsk. Belarus) experimental results. This subcritical assembly was constructed to study the physics and the operation of accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADS) for transmuting the light water reactors (LWR) spent nuclear fuel. The YALINA Booster facility has been accurately modeled, with no material homogenization, by the Monte Carlo codes MCNPX (MCNP/MCB) and MONK. The MONK geometrical model matches that of MCNPX. The assembly has also been analyzed by the deterministic code ERANOS. In addition, the differences between the effective neutron multiplication factor and the source multiplication factors have been examined by alternative calculational methodologies. The analyses include the delayed neutron fraction, prompt neutron lifetime, generation time, neutron flux profiles, and spectra in various experimental channels. The accuracy of the numerical models has been enhanced by accounting for all material impurities and the actual density of the polyethylene material used in the assembly (the latter value was obtained by dividing the total weight of the polyethylene by its volume in the numerical model). There is good agreement between the results from MONK, MCNPX, and ERANOS. The ERANOS results show small differences relative to the other results because of material homogenization and the energy and angle discretizations. The MCNPX results match the experimental measurements of the He-3(n,p) reaction rates obtained with the californium neutron source. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Talamo, Alberto; Gohar, Y.; Aliberti, G.; Cao, Y.; Smith, D.; Zhong, Z.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kiyavitskaya, H.; Bournos, V.; Fokov, Y.; Routkovskaya, C.; Serafimovich, I.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, Joint Inst Power & Nucl Res Sosny, Minsk 220109, Byelarus.
RP Talamo, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM alby@anl.gov
OI talamo, alberto/0000-0001-5685-0483
FU Office of Global Nuclear Material Threat Reduction U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work has been supported by the Office of Global Nuclear Material
Threat Reduction U.S. Department of Energy Under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0029-5493
EI 1872-759X
J9 NUCL ENG DES
JI Nucl. Eng. Des.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 241
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1606
EP 1615
DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.03.006
PG 10
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 770ZC
UT WOS:000291126000038
ER
PT J
AU Unal, C
Williams, B
Hemez, F
Atamturktur, SH
McClure, P
AF Unal, C.
Williams, B.
Hemez, F.
Atamturktur, S. H.
McClure, P.
TI Improved best estimate plus uncertainty methodology, including advanced
validation concepts, to license evolving nuclear reactors
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
ID COMPUTER-MODELS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
URANIUM-DIOXIDE; SAFETY MARGINS; SIMULATIONS; CALIBRATION
AB Many evolving nuclear energy technologies use advanced predictive multiscale, multiphysics modeling and simulation (M&S) capabilities to reduce the cost and schedule of design and licensing. Historically, the role of experiments has been as a primary tool for the design and understanding of nuclear system behavior, while M&S played the subordinate role of supporting experiments. In the new era of multiscale, multiphysics computational-based technology development, this role has been reversed. The experiments will still be needed, but they will be performed at different scales to calibrate and validate the models leading to predictive simulations for design and licensing. Minimizing the required number of validation experiments produces cost and time savings. The use of multiscale, multiphysics models introduces challenges in validating these predictive tools - traditional methodologies will have to be modified to address these challenges.
This paper gives the basic aspects of a methodology that can potentially be used to address these new challenges in the design and licensing of evolving nuclear technology. The main components of the proposed methodology are verification, validation, calibration, and uncertainty quantification - steps similar to the components of the traditional US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) licensing approach, with the exception of the calibration step. An enhanced calibration concept is introduced here, and is accomplished through data assimilation. The goal of this methodology is to enable best-estimate prediction of system behaviors in both normal and safety-related environments. This goal requires the additional steps of estimating the domain of validation, and quantification of uncertainties, allowing for the extension of results to areas of the validation domain that are not directly tested with experiments. These might include the extension of the M&S capabilities for application to full-scale systems. The new methodology suggests a formalism to quantify an adequate level of validation (predictive maturity) with respect to existing data, so that required new testing can be minimized, saving cost by demonstrating that further testing will not enhance the quality of the predictive tools.
The proposed methodology is at a conceptual level. Upon maturity, and if considered favorably by the stakeholders, it could serve as a new framework for the next generation of the best estimate plus uncertainty (BEPU) licensing methodology that the NRC has developed. In order to achieve maturity, the methodology must be communicated to scientific, design, and regulatory stakeholders for discussion and debate. This paper is the first step in establishing that communication. (C) 2011 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
C1 [Unal, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Atamturktur, S. H.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Unal, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Mail Stop B297,Bikini Atoll Rd,SM 30, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM cu@lanl.gov
OI Hemez, Francois/0000-0002-5319-4078; Williams, Brian/0000-0002-3465-4972
FU US Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy Division, Nuclear Energy
Advanced Modeling and Simulation Office (NEAMS); National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Nuclear Energy
Division, Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation Office
(NEAMS), Fuels and Verification and Validation Program Elements. Authors
are grateful to Dr. Keith Bradley, NEAMS National Director, Dr. Jim
Peltz, NEAMS Program Manager, and Dr. Robert Versluis, NEAMS Program
Manager, Mr. Alex Larzelere, NEAMS Office Director, and Dr. Ralph
Nelson, NEAMS VU technical lead, for their support. Los Alamos National
Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is
operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 42
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0029-5493
EI 1872-759X
J9 NUCL ENG DES
JI Nucl. Eng. Des.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 241
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1813
EP 1833
DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.01.048
PG 21
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 770ZC
UT WOS:000291126000057
ER
PT J
AU Bahn, CB
Kasza, KE
Shack, WJ
Natesan, K
Klein, P
AF Bahn, Chi Bum
Kasza, Ken E.
Shack, William J.
Natesan, Ken
Klein, Paul
TI Evaluation of precipitates used in strainer head loss testing: Part III.
Long-term aluminum hydroxide precipitation tests in borated water
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
ID AQUEOUS CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SOLUBILITY; IN-SITU
MEASUREMENTS; OF-COOLANT ACCIDENT; IONIC-STRENGTH; PH; COAGULATION;
CORROSION; BOEHMITE; BEHAVIOR
AB Long-term aluminum (Al) hydroxide precipitation tests were conducted in slightly alkaline solutions containing 2500 ppm boron. The solution temperature was cycled to obtain a temperature history more representative of emergency core cooling system temperatures after a loss-of-coolant accident. The observed Al precipitation boundary was close to predicted results for amorphous precipitates, which are higher than the solubility expected for crystalline forms. Bench-scale and loop head loss test results under various conditions were successfully combined into single map in a temperature - 'pH + p[Al](T)' domain, which yielded two bounding lines for Al hydroxide solubility in borated alkaline water that depend on whether or not loop head loss tests with Al alloy coupons are included. Precipitates were observed to form either as fine, cloudy suspensions, which showed very little tendency to settle, or as flocculated precipitates. The flocculation tendency of the precipitates can be qualitatively explained by a colloid stability theory or a phase diagram for protein solutions. Published by Elsevier BM.
C1 [Bahn, Chi Bum; Kasza, Ken E.; Shack, William J.; Natesan, Ken] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Klein, Paul] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
RP Bahn, CB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM bahn@anl.gov
RI Bahn, Chi Bum/C-2481-2012
FU U.S. NRC
FX Authors are grateful to Mr. John J. Picciolo of ANL for his assistance
in particle size analysis. This work was sponsored by U.S. NRC.
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0029-5493
EI 1872-759X
J9 NUCL ENG DES
JI Nucl. Eng. Des.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 241
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1914
EP 1925
DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.10.013
PG 12
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 770ZC
UT WOS:000291126000067
ER
PT J
AU Bahn, CB
Kasza, KE
Shack, WJ
Natesan, K
Klein, P
AF Bahn, Chi Bum
Kasza, Ken E.
Shack, William J.
Natesan, Ken
Klein, Paul
TI Evaluation of precipitates used in strainer head loss testing: Part II.
Precipitates by in situ aluminum alloy corrosion
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering
CY JUL 12-16, 2009
CL Brussels, BELGIUM
SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Chinese Nucl Soc
ID INTERMETALLIC PHASES; CRYSTALLIZATION; PH
AB Vertical loop head loss tests were performed with 6061 and 1100 aluminum (Al) alloy plates immersed in borated solution at pH = 9.3 at room temperature and 60 degrees C. The results suggest that the potential for corrosion of an Al alloy to result in increased head loss across a glass fiber bed may depend on its microstructure, i.e., the size distribution and number density of intermetallic particles that are present in Al matrix and FeSiAl ternary compounds, as well as its Al release rate. Per unit mass of Al removed from solution, the WCAP-16530 aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)(3)) surrogate was more effective in increasing head loss than the Al(OH)(3) precipitates formed in situ by corrosion of Al alloy. However, in choosing a representative amount of surrogate for plant specific testing, consideration should be given to the potential for additional head losses due to intermetallic particles and the apparent reduction in the effective solubility of Al(OH)(3) when intermetallic particles are present. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bahn, Chi Bum; Kasza, Ken E.; Shack, William J.; Natesan, Ken] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Klein, Paul] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
RP Bahn, CB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM bahn@anl.gov
RI Bahn, Chi Bum/C-2481-2012
FU United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC)
FX Authors are grateful to Dr. Seungbum Hong of ANL for his assistance in
XRD analysis of NUKON (R) patch samples. This work was sponsored by
United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC).
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0029-5493
EI 1872-759X
J9 NUCL ENG DES
JI Nucl. Eng. Des.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 241
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1926
EP 1936
DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.01.004
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 770ZC
UT WOS:000291126000068
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez-Juez, ED
Kerstein, AR
Shih, LH
AF Gonzalez-Juez, Esteban D.
Kerstein, Alan R.
Shih, Lucinda H.
TI Vertical mixing in homogeneous sheared stratified turbulence: A
one-dimensional-turbulence study
SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL FORMULATION; POTENTIAL-ENERGY; LAYER FORMATION; FLOWS; FLUID;
SIMULATION; DIFFUSION; CONVECTION; TRANSPORT; PARAMETERIZATION
AB We conduct a parametric study of diapycnal mixing using one-dimensional-turbulence (ODT) simulations. Homogeneous sheared stratified turbulence is considered. ODT simulations reproduce the intermediate and energetic regimes of mixing, in agreement with previous work, but do not capture important physics of the diffusive regime. ODT indicates K(rho) similar to epsilon/N(2) for the intermediate regime, and K(rho) similar to (epsilon h(4))(1/3) for the energetic regime and limit of near-zero stratification. Here K(rho) is the turbulent diffusivity for mass, e the dissipation rate, N the buoyancy frequency, and h the computational domain height, where h is relevant mainly in simulations with jump-periodic vertical boundary conditions. These scaling relationships suggest that K(rho) is independent of the molecular diffusivity. ODT results for a wide range of parameters show that K(rho) cannot be parametrized solely with the turbulent intensity parameter epsilon/(vN(2)), in contrast with the previous studies, but it is well predicted by correlations using the Ellison length scale. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3592329]
C1 [Gonzalez-Juez, Esteban D.; Kerstein, Alan R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Shih, Lucinda H.] Costa Water Dist, Concord, CA 94520 USA.
RP Gonzalez-Juez, ED (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM estebandgj@gmail.com; arkerst@sandia.gov
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; United States
Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94-AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the
United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000.
Simulations were performed at Sandia National Laboratories on the Shasta
Linux Cluster.
NR 49
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-6631
J9 PHYS FLUIDS
JI Phys. Fluids
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 5
AR 055106
DI 10.1063/1.3592329
PG 12
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 770RL
UT WOS:000291106100020
ER
PT J
AU Innocenti, F
Cooper, GM
Stanaway, IB
Gamazon, ER
Smith, JD
Mirkov, S
Ramirez, J
Liu, WQ
Lin, YS
Moloney, C
Aldred, SF
Trinklein, ND
Schuetz, E
Nickerson, DA
Thummel, KE
Rieder, MJ
Rettie, AE
Ratain, MJ
Cox, NJ
Brown, CD
AF Innocenti, Federico
Cooper, Gregory M.
Stanaway, Ian B.
Gamazon, Eric R.
Smith, Joshua D.
Mirkov, Snezana
Ramirez, Jacqueline
Liu, Wanqing
Lin, Yvonne S.
Moloney, Cliona
Aldred, Shelly Force
Trinklein, Nathan D.
Schuetz, Erin
Nickerson, Deborah A.
Thummel, Ken E.
Rieder, Mark J.
Rettie, Allan E.
Ratain, Mark J.
Cox, Nancy J.
Brown, Christopher D.
TI Identification, Replication, and Functional Fine-Mapping of Expression
Quantitative Trait Loci in Primary Human Liver Tissue
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL
REGULATION; HUMAN-POPULATIONS; POLYMORPHISMS; CHOLESTEROL; GENOTYPES;
ELEMENTS; BIAS
AB The discovery of expression quantitative trait loci ("eQTLs") can help to unravel genetic contributions to complex traits. We identified genetic determinants of human liver gene expression variation using two independent collections of primary tissue profiled with Agilent (n=206) and Illumina (n=60) expression arrays and Illumina SNP genotyping (550K), and we also incorporated data from a published study (n=266). We found that, similar to 30% of SNP-expression correlations in one study failed to replicate in either of the others, even at thresholds yielding high reproducibility in simulations, and we quantified numerous factors affecting reproducibility. Our data suggest that drug exposure, clinical descriptors, and unknown factors associated with tissue ascertainment and analysis have substantial effects on gene expression and that controlling for hidden confounding variables significantly increases replication rate. Furthermore, we found that reproducible eQTL SNPs were heavily enriched near gene starts and ends, and subsequently resequenced the promoters and 3'UTRs for 14 genes and tested the identified haplotypes using luciferase assays. For three genes, significant haplotype-specific in vitro functional differences correlated directly with expression levels, suggesting that many bona fide eQTLs result from functional variants that can be mechanistically isolated in a high-throughput fashion. Finally, given our study design, we were able to discover and validate hundreds of liver eQTLs. Many of these relate directly to complex traits for which liver-specific analyses are likely to be relevant, and we identified dozens of potential connections with disease-associated loci. These included previously characterized eQTL contributors to diabetes, drug response, and lipid levels, and they suggest novel candidates such as a role for NOD2 expression in leprosy risk and C2orf43 in prostate cancer. In general, the work presented here will be valuable for future efforts to precisely identify and functionally characterize genetic contributions to a variety of complex traits.
C1 [Brown, Christopher D.] Univ Chicago, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Brown, Christopher D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA.
[Brown, Christopher D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Brown, Christopher D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Innocenti, Federico; Ratain, Mark J.] Univ Chicago, Canc Res Ctr, Comm Clin Pharmacol & Pharmacogenom, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Cooper, Gregory M.; Stanaway, Ian B.; Smith, Joshua D.; Nickerson, Deborah A.; Rieder, Mark J.] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Gamazon, Eric R.; Cox, Nancy J.] Univ Chicago, Med Genet Sect, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Mirkov, Snezana; Ramirez, Jacqueline; Liu, Wanqing] Univ Chicago, Sect Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Lin, Yvonne S.; Thummel, Ken E.; Rettie, Allan E.] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Lin, Yvonne S.; Thummel, Ken E.] Univ Washington, Dept Pharmaceut, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Moloney, Cliona] Merck Res Labs, Boston, MA USA.
[Aldred, Shelly Force; Trinklein, Nathan D.] SwitchGear Genom, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Schuetz, Erin] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
RP Innocenti, F (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM caseybrown@uchicago.edu
RI Cooper, Gregory/D-6914-2011
OI Liu, Wanqing/0000-0001-7727-6900; Gamazon, Eric/0000-0003-4204-8734;
Cooper, Gregory/0000-0001-5509-9923
FU University of Chicago; NIH/NIDDK [R21DK081157-01A2]; University of
Chicago Cancer Research Center [CA 014599]; NIH/NCI [K07CA140390-01];
Pharmacogenetics of Anticancer Agents Research (PAAR) Group; NIH/NIGMS
[U01 GM61393, P01 GM32165]; NIH [U01 HL66682, NS053646, R01GM094418,
N01-DK-7-0004/HHSN267200700004C]; Cooperative Human Tissue Network;
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [1KL2RR025015]; Merck;
Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund
FX This study was supported by start-up funds from the University of
Chicago to Kevin P. White, NIH/NIDDK R21DK081157-01A2 (F Innocenti),
University of Chicago Cancer Research Center Grant # CA 014599 (F
Innocenti), NIH/NCI K07CA140390-01 (F Innocenti), the Pharmacogenetics
of Anticancer Agents Research (PAAR) Group (http://pharmacogenetics.org)
(NIH/NIGMS grant U01 GM61393, MJ Ratain, NJ Cox), NIH U01 HL66682 (MJ
Rieder), NIH NS053646 (MJ Rieder), NIH/NIGMS P01 GM32165 (AE Rettie),
NIH R01GM094418 (E Schuetz). Livers studied by UC were also provided by
the Liver Tissue Cell Distribution System funded by NIH Contract #
N01-DK-7-0004/HHSN267200700004C and by the Cooperative Human Tissue
Network. YS Lin was supported in part by 1KL2RR025015 from the National
Center for Research Resources (NCRR). CD Brown is a Lilly-Life Sciences
Research Foundation Fellow, GM Cooper was supported by a Merck, Jane
Coffin Childs Memorial Fund Postdoctoral Fellowship. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 65
TC 98
Z9 103
U1 1
U2 6
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7390
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
AR e1002078
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002078
PG 16
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 769LI
UT WOS:000291014600023
PM 21637794
ER
PT J
AU Mellone, BG
Grive, KJ
Shteyn, V
Bowers, SR
Oderberg, I
Karpen, GH
AF Mellone, Barbara G.
Grive, Kathryn J.
Shteyn, Vladimir
Bowers, Sarion R.
Oderberg, Isaac
Karpen, Gary H.
TI Assembly of Drosophila Centromeric Chromatin Proteins during Mitosis
SO PLOS GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HISTONE H3 VARIANT; E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE; CENP-A; CELL-CYCLE; FISSION
YEAST; LOCALIZATION; REPLICATION; DESTRUCTION; ANAPHASE; DOMAIN
AB Semi-conservative segregation of nucleosomes to sister chromatids during DNA replication creates gaps that must be filled by new nucleosome assembly. We analyzed the cell-cycle timing of centromeric chromatin assembly in Drosophila, which contains the H3 variant CID (CENP-A in humans), as well as CENP-C and CAL1, which are required for CID localization. Pulse-chase experiments show that CID and CENP-C levels decrease by 50% at each cell division, as predicted for semi-conservative segregation and inheritance, whereas CAL1 displays higher turnover. Quench-chase-pulse experiments demonstrate that there is a significant lag between replication and replenishment of centromeric chromatin. Surprisingly, new CID is recruited to centromeres in metaphase, by a mechanism that does not require an intact mitotic spindle, but does require proteasome activity. Interestingly, new CAL1 is recruited to centromeres before CID in prophase. Furthermore, CAL1, but not CENP-C, is found in complex with pre-nucleosomal CID. Finally, CENP-C displays yet a different pattern of incorporation, during both interphase and mitosis. The unusual timing of CID recruitment and unique dynamics of CAL1 identify a distinct centromere assembly pathway in Drosophila and suggest that CAL1 is a key regulator of centromere propagation.
C1 [Mellone, Barbara G.; Grive, Kathryn J.; Bowers, Sarion R.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Shteyn, Vladimir; Oderberg, Isaac; Karpen, Gary H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Shteyn, Vladimir; Oderberg, Isaac; Karpen, Gary H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mellone, BG (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM barbara.mellone@uconn.edu; karpen@fruitfly.org
OI Mellone, Barbara/0000-0002-2785-5119
FU NIH [R01 GM066272]; American Cancer Society/IRG; UConn Research
Foundation; NSF [1024973]
FX This study was funded by NIH R01 GM066272 (GHK), American Cancer
Society/IRG, UConn Research Foundation, and NSF grant number 1024973
(BGM). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 41
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 6
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-7390
J9 PLOS GENET
JI PLoS Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
AR e1002068
DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002068
PG 17
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 769LI
UT WOS:000291014600016
PM 21589899
ER
PT J
AU Kilgore, WB
AF Kilgore, William B.
TI Introduction to quantum chromodynamics at hadron colliders
SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th Workshop on High Energy Physics Phenomenology (WHEPP-XI)
CY JAN 02-12, 2010
CL Phys Res Lab, Ahmedabad, INDIA
HO Phys Res Lab
DE Quantum chromodynamics
ID PAIR ANNIHILATION PROCESSES; LEPTON-NUCLEON SCATTERING; ABELIAN GAUGE
THEORIES; YANG-MILLS FIELDS; E&E ANNIHILATION; ELECTRON SCATTERING; MASS
SINGULARITIES; ASYMPTOTIC FREEDOM; HIGH ENERGIES; MODEL
AB A basic introduction to the application of QCD at hadron colliders is presented. I briefly review the phenomenological and theoretical origins of QCD, and then discuss factorization and infrared safety, parton distributions, the computation of hard scattering amplitudes and applications of perturbative QCD.
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Kilgore, WB (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM kilgore@bnl.gov
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES
PI BANGALORE
PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA
SN 0304-4289
EI 0973-7111
J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS
JI Pramana-J. Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 76
IS 5
SI SI
BP 757
EP 766
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 770XO
UT WOS:000291122000008
ER
PT J
AU Benton, ER
Johnson, CE
DeWitt, J
Yasuda, N
Benton, EV
Moyers, MH
Frank, AL
AF Benton, E. R.
Johnson, C. E.
DeWitt, J.
Yasuda, N.
Benton, E. V.
Moyers, M. H.
Frank, A. L.
TI Observations of short-range, high-LET recoil tracks in CR-39 plastic
nuclear track detector by visible light microscopy
SO RADIATION MEASUREMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID AUTOMATIC MEASURING SYSTEM
AB Using standard visible light microscopy, we are able to observe particle tracks produced by < 10 mu m range target fragment recoils in CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector (PNTD) following short chemical etching (bulk etch B <= 1 mu m). In accelerator irradiations, targets of varying composition, including a number of elemental targets of high Z, were exposed in contact with layers of CR-39 PNTD to beams of 60 MeV, 230 MeV, and 1 GeV protons at doses of 10-50 Cy. Chemical etching of CR-39 under standard conditions (50 degrees C, 6.25 N NaOH) for 2-4 h (removed layer B = 0.5-1.0 mu m) yielded secondary track densities of 10(5)-10(6) cm(-2) observable under a standard optical microscope with 500x-800x magnification. Ordinarily such a short duration etch would not be expected to enlarge the tracks sufficiently for them to be resolved by visible light optics. However, due to the short-range of the particles, a longer chemical processing would have over-etched the tracks until they were no longer recognizable.
The tracks we observe in CR-39 PNTD irradiated in these experiments are the result of residual heavy recoil fragments returning to equilibrium via evaporation processes following proton-induced knock out of light particles via preequilibrium processes. Because the heavy recoil particles are very near the end of their ranges (i.e. in the Bragg peak), their LET is extremely high and changes rapidly. Consequently, the tracks they produce in CR-39 PNTD often take the form of long tubes rather than the conical etch pits produced by higher energy particles. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Benton, E. R.; DeWitt, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Johnson, C. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Yasuda, N.] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba 260, Japan.
[Benton, E. V.; Frank, A. L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Moyers, M. H.] Proton Therapy Inc, Colton, CA 92324 USA.
RP Benton, ER (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, 1110 S Innovat Way,100, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM eric.benton@okstate.edu
FU NASA MSFC [NAG8-01899]
FX This work was funded in part by NASA MSFC Grant NAG8-01899. The authors
wish to thank the staff of the LLUMC Proton Therapy Facility, Adam
Rusek, Michael Sieverts and the staff of the BNL NSRL, and Y. Uchihori,
H. Kitamura and the staff of the NIRS HIMAC for their help in making the
irradiations.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1350-4487
J9 RADIAT MEAS
JI Radiat. Meas.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 5
BP 527
EP 532
DI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.03.013
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 773CS
UT WOS:000291285200009
ER
PT J
AU Carlie, N
Anheier, NC
Qiao, HA
Bernacki, B
Phillips, MC
Petit, L
Musgraves, JD
Richardson, K
AF Carlie, N.
Anheier, N. C., Jr.
Qiao, H. A.
Bernacki, B.
Phillips, M. C.
Petit, L.
Musgraves, J. D.
Richardson, K.
TI Measurement of the refractive index dispersion of As2Se3 bulk glass and
thin films prior to and after laser irradiation and annealing using
prism coupling in the near- and mid-infrared spectral range
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES; WAVE-GUIDES; PHOTOINDUCED CHANGES;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ILLUMINATION; FABRICATION; SELENIDE
AB The prism coupling technique has been utilized to measure the refractive index in the near-and mid-IR spectral region of chalcogenide glasses in bulk and thin film form. A commercial system (Metricon model 2010) has been modified with additional laser sources, detectors, and a new GaP prism to allow the measurement of refractive index dispersion over the 1.5-10.6 mu m range. The instrumental error was found to be +/- 0.001 refractive index units across the entire wavelength region examined. Measurements on thermally evaporated AMTIR2 thin films confirmed that (i) the film deposition process provides thin films with reduced index compared to that of the bulk glass used as a target, (ii) annealing of the films increases the refractive index of the film to the level of the bulk glass used as a target to create it, and (iii) it is possible to locally increase the refractive index of the chalcogenide glass using laser exposure at 632.8 nm. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3587616]
C1 [Carlie, N.; Petit, L.; Musgraves, J. D.; Richardson, K.] Sch Mat Sci & Engn COMSET, Clemson, SC 29640 USA.
[Anheier, N. C., Jr.; Qiao, H. A.; Bernacki, B.; Phillips, M. C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Carlie, N (reprint author), Sch Mat Sci & Engn COMSET, Clemson, SC 29640 USA.
RI Musgraves, J David/D-9260-2011; Richardson, Kathleen/A-6012-2011
OI Musgraves, J David/0000-0003-4575-5119;
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation Research and
Development [DE-NA000421]; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle
Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22) Project #DE-NA000421.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S.
Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RLO1830.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 053103
DI 10.1063/1.3587616
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700003
PM 21639488
ER
PT J
AU Friesen, FQL
John, B
Skinner, CH
Roquemore, AL
Calle, CI
AF Friesen, F. Q. L.
John, B.
Skinner, C. H.
Roquemore, A. L.
Calle, C. I.
TI Evaluation of an electrostatic dust removal system with potential
application in next-step fusion devices
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
AB The ability to manage inventories of carbon, tritium, and high-Z elements in fusion plasmas depends on means for effective dust removal. A dust conveyor, based on a moving electrostatic potential well, was tested with particles of tungsten, carbon, glass, and sand. A digital microscope imaged a representative portion of the conveyor, and dust particle size and volume distributions were derived before and after operation. About 10 mm(3) volume of carbon and tungsten particles were moved in under 5 s. The highest driving amplitude tested of 3 kV was the most effective. The optimal driving frequency was 210 Hz (maximum tested) for tungsten particles, decreasing to below 60 Hz for the larger sand particles. Measurements of particle size and volume distributions after 10 and 100 cycles show the breaking apart of agglomerated carbon and the change in particle distribution over short timescales (<1 s). (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3587619]
C1 [Friesen, F. Q. L.] Grinnell Coll, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
[John, B.] Swarthmore Coll, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA.
[Skinner, C. H.; Roquemore, A. L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Calle, C. I.] NASA, Electrostat & Surface Phys Lab, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
RP Friesen, FQL (reprint author), Grinnell Coll, 1115 8th Ave, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA.
FU US DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work was supported by a 2010 National Undergraduate Fellowship,
which in turn is supported by US DOE Grant No. DE-AC02-09CH11466. We
would like to thank T. Holoman, G. Smalley, D. Labrie, R Marsala, and T.
Provost for technical assistance.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 053502
DI 10.1063/1.3587619
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700014
PM 21639499
ER
PT J
AU Geissel, M
Schollmeier, MS
Kimmel, MW
Rambo, PK
Schwarz, J
Atherton, BW
Brambrink, E
AF Geissel, Matthias
Schollmeier, Marius S.
Kimmel, Mark W.
Rambo, Patrick K.
Schwarz, Jens
Atherton, Briggs W.
Brambrink, Erik
TI Characterizing plasma mirrors near breakdown
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER; ACCELERATION; SUPPRESSION; OPTICS
AB Experiments dedicated to the characterization of plasma mirrors with a high energy, single shot short-pulse laser were performed at the 100 TW target area of the Z-Backlighter Facility at Sandia National Laboratories. A suite of beam diagnostics was used to characterize a high energy laser pulse with a large aperture through focus imaging setup. By varying the fluence on the plasma mirror around the plasma ignition threshold, critical performance parameters were determined and a more detailed understanding of the way in which a plasma mirror works could be deduced. It was found, that very subtle variations in the laser near field profile will have strong effects on the reflected pulse if the maximum fluence on the plasma mirror approaches the plasma ignition threshold. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3585981]
C1 [Geissel, Matthias; Schollmeier, Marius S.; Kimmel, Mark W.; Rambo, Patrick K.; Schwarz, Jens; Atherton, Briggs W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Z Backlighter Facil, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Brambrink, Erik] Ecole Polytech, Lab Utilisat Lasers Intenses, Palaiseau, France.
RP Geissel, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Z Backlighter Facil, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM mgeisse@sandia.gov
RI Schollmeier, Marius/H-1056-2012
OI Schollmeier, Marius/0000-0002-0683-022X
FU (U.S.) Department of Energy's (DOE) National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the (U.S.) Department of Energy's (DOE)
National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 053101
DI 10.1063/1.3585981
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700001
PM 21639486
ER
PT J
AU McCloy, JS
Sundaram, SK
Matyas, J
Woskov, PP
AF McCloy, J. S.
Sundaram, S. K.
Matyas, J.
Woskov, P. P.
TI Simultaneous measurement of temperature and emissivity of lunar regolith
simulant using dual-channel millimeter-wave radiometry
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRA
AB Millimeter wave (MMW) radiometry can be used for simultaneous measurement of emissivity and temperature of materials under extreme environments (high temperature, pressure, and corrosive environments). The state-of-the-art dual channel MMW passive radiometer with active interferometric capabilities at 137 GHz described here allows for radiometric measurements of sample temperature and emissivity up to at least 1600 degrees C with simultaneous measurement of sample surface dynamics. These capabilities have been used to demonstrate dynamic measurement of melting of powders of simulated lunar regolith and static measurement of emissivity of solid samples. The paper presents the theoretical background and basis for the dual-receiver system, describes the hardware in detail, and demonstrates the data analysis. Post-experiment analysis of emissivity versus temperature allows further extraction from the radiometric data of millimeter wave viewing beam coupling factors, which provide corroboratory evidence to the interferometric data of the process dynamics observed. These results show the promise of the MMW system for extracting quantitative and qualitative process parameters for industrial processes and access to real-time dynamics of materials behavior in extreme environments. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3590016]
C1 [McCloy, J. S.; Sundaram, S. K.; Matyas, J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Woskov, P. P.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP McCloy, JS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RI McCloy, John/D-3630-2013
OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 054703
DI 10.1063/1.3590016
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700043
PM 21639528
ER
PT J
AU Stone, MB
Loguillo, MJ
Abernathy, DL
AF Stone, M. B.
Loguillo, M. J.
Abernathy, D. L.
TI Ultrathin aluminum sample cans for single crystal inelastic neutron
scattering
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PRESSURE-CELL; TEMPERATURES; DIFFRACTION; CRYOSTAT
AB Single crystal inelastic neutron scattering measurements are often performed using a sample environment for controlling sample temperature. One difficulty associated with this is establishing appropriate thermal coupling from the sample to the temperature controlled portion of the sample environment. This is usually accomplished via a sample can which thermally couples the sample environment to the sample can and the sample can to the sample via an exchange gas. Unfortunately, this can will contribute additional background signal to one's measurement. We present here the design of an ultrathin aluminum sample can based upon established technology for producing aluminum beverage cans. This design minimizes parasitic sample can scattering. Neutron scattering measurements comparing a machined sample can to our beverage can design clearly indicate a large reduction in scattering intensity and texture when using the ultrathin sample can design. We also examine the possibility of using standard commercial beverage cans as sample cans. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3593374]
C1 [Stone, M. B.; Loguillo, M. J.; Abernathy, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Stone, MB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; Abernathy,
Douglas/A-3038-2012
OI Stone, Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Abernathy,
Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
(U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE)
FX The authors would like to thank John Brock and Dwayne Griffith of the
machine shop at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); K. Herwig for
suggestions concerning adhesives; Alan Fredrick and Roger Miller at the
ORNL Materials Joining Lab; and the Custom Can sales department of the
Ball Corporation of America. This Research at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, (U.S.)
Department of Energy (DOE).
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 055117
DI 10.1063/1.3593374
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700063
PM 21639548
ER
PT J
AU Strobl, M
Steitz, R
Kreuzer, M
Rose, M
Herrlich, H
Mezei, F
Grunze, M
Dahint, R
AF Strobl, M.
Steitz, R.
Kreuzer, M.
Rose, M.
Herrlich, H.
Mezei, F.
Grunze, M.
Dahint, R.
TI BioRef: A versatile time-of-flight reflectometer for soft matter
applications at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ROUGH SURFACES; INSTRUMENT; VESICLES
AB BioRef is a versatile novel time-of-flight reflectometer featuring a sample environment for in situ infrared spectroscopy at the reactor neutron source BER II of the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie (HZB). After two years of design and construction phase the instrument has recently undergone commissioning and is now available for specular and off-specular neutron reflectivity measurements. BioRef is especially dedicated to the investigation of soft matter systems and studies at the solid-liquid interface. Due to flexible resolution modes and variable addressable wavelength bands that allow for focusing onto a selected scattering vector range, BioRef enables a broad range of surface and interface investigations and even kinetic studies with subsecond time resolution. The instrumental settings can be tailored to the specific requirements of a wide range of applications. The performance is demonstrated by several reference measurements, and the unique option of in situ on-board infrared spectroscopy is illustrated by the example of a phase transition study in a lipid multilayer film. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3581210]
C1 [Strobl, M.; Kreuzer, M.; Grunze, M.; Dahint, R.] Univ Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Strobl, M.; Steitz, R.; Kreuzer, M.; Rose, M.; Herrlich, H.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Mezei, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Strobl, M (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
RI Grunze, Michael/H-1600-2013; Strobl, Markus/C-7556-2014; Kreuzer,
Martin/G-3156-2015
OI Strobl, Markus/0000-0001-9315-8787; Kreuzer, Martin/0000-0002-7305-5016
FU BMBF [05KN7VH1]; HZB
FX This work has been funded by the BMBF by Grant No. 05KN7VH1. Additional
financial support was received from HZB.
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 055101
DI 10.1063/1.3581210
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700047
PM 21639532
ER
PT J
AU Vondrasek, R
Kolomiets, A
Levand, A
Pardo, R
Savard, G
Scott, R
AF Vondrasek, R.
Kolomiets, A.
Levand, A.
Pardo, R.
Savard, G.
Scott, R.
TI Performance of the Argonne National Laboratory electron cyclotron
resonance charge breeder
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLAS
AB An electron cyclotron resonance charge breeder for the Californium rare ion breeder upgrade (CARIBU), a new radioactive beam facility for the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS), has been constructed and commissioned. Charge breeding efficiencies up to 15.6% have been realized for stable beams with a typical breeding time of 10 ms/charge state. The CARIBU system has been undergoing commissioning tests utilizing a 100 mCi (252)Cf fission source. A charge breeding efficiency of 14.8 +/- 5% has been achieved for the first radioactive beam of (143)Cs(27+). (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3586765]
C1 [Vondrasek, R.; Kolomiets, A.; Levand, A.; Pardo, R.; Savard, G.; Scott, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Vondrasek, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 12
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 053301
DI 10.1063/1.3586765
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700009
PM 21639494
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, BP
Reece, CE
Phillips, HL
Geng, RL
Wang, H
Marhauser, F
Kelley, MJ
AF Xiao, B. P.
Reece, C. E.
Phillips, H. L.
Geng, R. L.
Wang, H.
Marhauser, F.
Kelley, M. J.
TI Note: Radio frequency surface impedance characterization system for
superconducting samples at 7.5 GHz
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; RESISTANCE
AB A radio frequency (RF) surface impedance characterization (SIC) system that uses a novel sapphire-loaded niobium cavity operating at 7.5 GHz has been developed as a tool to measure the RF surface impedance of flat superconducting material samples. The SIC system can presently make direct calorimetric RF surface impedance measurements on the central 0.8 cm(2) area of 5 cm diameter disk samples from 2 to 20 K exposed to RF magnetic fields up to 14 mT. To illustrate system utility, we present first measurement results for a bulk niobium sample. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3575589]
C1 [Xiao, B. P.; Reece, C. E.; Phillips, H. L.; Geng, R. L.; Wang, H.; Marhauser, F.; Kelley, M. J.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Xiao, B. P.; Kelley, M. J.] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
RP Xiao, BP (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
EM reece@jlab.org
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]
FX The authors would like to thank J. Delayen, J. Nance, J. Ozelis, T.
Powers, P. Kushnick, S. Dutton, and M. Morrone for their contributions
and support during the development of this system. This manuscript has
been authored in part by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S.
DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U. S. Government retains a
nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or
reproduce this manuscript for U. S. Government purposes.
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 056104
DI 10.1063/1.3575589
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700067
PM 21639552
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, HQ
Divan, R
Wang, PS
AF Zhang, Hanqiao
Divan, Ralu
Wang, Pingshan
TI Ferromagnetic resonance of a single magnetic nanowire measured with an
on-chip microwave interferometer
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-FREQUENCY PROPERTIES; PERMALLOY THIN-FILMS; DOMAIN
AB An on-chip microwave interferometer suitable for high-sensitivity nanoscale magnetic material characterization is proposed. The device cancels the background parasitic common mode noise automatically. The magnetization dynamics of a 240 nm wide, 5 mu m long, and 70 nm thick single permalloy nanowire is investigated. Compared with a prototype device proposed previously, the proposed device has a more than 20 dB sensitivity improvement. Full wave three-dimensional simulation shows that the device has the capability of studying the fundamental physics of nanoscale magnetic devices. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3593502]
C1 [Divan, Ralu] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Wang, Pingshan] Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
FU Clemson Incentive fund; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The research was funded by Clemson Incentive fund. Use of the Center for
Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 5
AR 054704
DI 10.1063/1.3593502
PG 4
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 770RR
UT WOS:000291106700044
ER
PT J
AU Oostrom, M
Tartakovsky, GD
Wietsma, TW
Truex, MJ
Dane, JH
AF Oostrom, M.
Tartakovsky, G. D.
Wietsma, T. W.
Truex, M. J.
Dane, J. H.
TI Determination of Water Saturation in Relatively Dry Porous Media Using
Gas-Phase Tracer Tests
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTITIONING TRACER; REMEDIATION PERFORMANCE; ORGANIC VAPORS; SOIL;
ADSORPTION; COEFFICIENTS; DIFFUSION; SORPTION
AB Soil desiccation (drying), induced by dry air injection and moist air extraction, is a potentially robust remediation process to slow migration of inorganic or radionuclide contaminants through the vadose zone. The application of gas-phase partitioning tracer tests has been proposed as a means to estimate initial water volumes and to monitor the progress of the desiccation process at pilot tests and field sites. In this study, tracer tests were conducted in porous medium columns with various water saturations using SF(6) as the conservative tracer and trichlorofluoromethane and difluoromethane as the water-partitioning tracers. For porous media with minimal silt or organic matter fractions, tracer tests provided reasonable saturation estimates for saturations close to zero. For sediments with significant silt or organic matter fractions, however, tracer tests only provided satisfactory results when the water saturation was greater than 0.1 to 0.2. For drier conditions, the apparent tracer retardation increased due to air-soil sorption, which is not included in traditional retardation coefficients derived from advection-dispersion equations accounting only for air-water partitioning and water-soil sorption. Based on these results, gas-phase partitioning tracer tests may be used to determine initial water volumes in sediments, provided that the initial water saturations are sufficiently large. Tracer tests are not suitable for quantifying moisture content in relatively dry sediments, however, especially if significant amounts of organic matter or silt are present.
C1 [Oostrom, M.; Tartakovsky, G. D.; Truex, M. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Energy & Environm, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Wietsma, T. W.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Dane, J. H.] Auburn Univ, Dep Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Oostrom, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Energy & Environm, POB 999,MS K9-33, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM mart.oostrom@pnl.gov
FU CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company at the Department of Energy;
Battelle Memorial Institute for the Department of Energy (US-DOE)
[DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX Funding for this research was provided by CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation
Company at the Department of Energy Hanford Site as part of the Deep
Vadose Zone Treatability Test Project. Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by the Battelle Memorial Institute for the
Department of Energy (US-DOE) under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. The
column experiments were performed in the Environmental Molecular
Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility
sponsored by the USDOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
and located at PNNL.
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
BP 634
EP 641
DI 10.2136/vzj2010.0101
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 774ON
UT WOS:000291396000016
ER
PT J
AU Liu, HH
AF Liu, Hui-Hai
TI A Conductivity Relationship for Steady-State Unsaturated Flow Processes
under Optimal Flow Conditions
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVE FRACTURE MODEL; DRAINAGE NETWORKS; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; REGION
MODEL; SOILS; NONEQUILIBRIUM; TRANSPORT; PATTERNS; ENERGY
AB Optimality principles have been used to investigate physical processes in different areas. This work applied an optimal principle (that water flow resistance is minimized for the entire flow domain) to steady-state unsaturated flow processes. Based on the calculus of variations, under optimal conditions, hydraulic conductivity for steady-state, gravity-dominated unsaturated flow is proportional to a power function of the magnitude of water flux. This relationship is consistent with an intuitive expectation that for an optimal water flow system, locations where relatively large water fluxes occur should correspond to relatively small resistance (or large conductance). This theoretical result was also consistent with observed fingering-flow behavior in unsaturated soils and an existing model.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Liu, HH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hhliu@lbl.gov
FU DOE [DE-AC03-76F00098]
FX The initial version of the paper was carefully reviewed by Dr. Jim
Houseworth and Dr. Dan Hawkes. The work was performed under DOE Contract
DE-AC03-76F00098.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 9
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 2
BP 736
EP 740
DI 10.2136/vzj2010.0118
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 774ON
UT WOS:000291396000026
ER
PT J
AU McKenna, SA
Ray, J
Marzouk, Y
Waanders, BV
AF McKenna, Sean A.
Ray, Jaideep
Marzouk, Youssef
Waanders, Bart van Bloemen
TI Truncated multiGaussian fields and effective conductance of binary media
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Upscaling; Binary media; Effective conductivity
ID EFFECTIVE CONDUCTIVITY; EFFECTIVE PERMEABILITY; GROUNDWATER-FLOW;
AQUIFER SYSTEM; EXCURSION SETS; POROUS-MEDIA; COMPOSITES;
INHOMOGENEITIES; INCLUSIONS; SIMULATION
AB Truncated Gaussian fields provide a flexible model for defining binary media with dispersed (as opposed to layered) inclusions. General properties of excursion sets on these truncated fields are coupled with a distance-based upscaling algorithm and approximations of point process theory to develop an estimation approach for effective conductivity in two-dimensions. Estimation of effective conductivity is derived directly from knowledge of the kernel size used to create the multiGaussian field, defined as the full-width at half maximum (FWHM), the truncation threshold and conductance values of the two modes. Therefore, instantiation of the multiGaussian field is not necessary for estimation of the effective conductance. The critical component of the effective medium approximation developed here is the mean distance between high conductivity inclusions. This mean distance is characterized as a function of the FWHM, the truncation threshold and the ratio of the two modal conductivities. Sensitivity of the resulting effective conductivity to this mean distance is examined for two levels of contrast in the modal conductances and different FWHM sizes. Results demonstrate that the FWHM is a robust measure of mean travel distance in the background medium. The resulting effective conductivities are accurate when compared to numerical results and results obtained from effective media theory, distance-based upscaling and numerical simulation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McKenna, Sean A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Geosci Res & Applicat Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Ray, Jaideep] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Marzouk, Youssef] MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Waanders, Bart van Bloemen] Sandia Natl Labs, Numer Anal & Applicat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP McKenna, SA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geosci Res & Applicat Grp, POB 5800,MS 0751, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM samcken@sandia.gov
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) at Sandia National
Laboratories; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors appreciate the thoughtful comments of two anonymous
reviewers. This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD) program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia
National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated
by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 52
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 5
BP 617
EP 626
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.02.011
PG 10
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 768JH
UT WOS:000290929700006
ER
PT J
AU Jarman, KD
Tartakovsky, AM
AF Jarman, Kenneth D.
Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.
TI Divergence of solutions to perturbation-based advection-dispersion
moment equations
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Porous media; Stochastic; Random fields; Moment equations; Solute
transport
ID HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; PROBABILITY DENSITY-FUNCTIONS;
STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; LOCALIZED ANALYSES; VELOCITY-FIELDS; TRANSIENT
FLOW; FLUX APPROACH; MONTE-CARLO; TRANSPORT; FRAMEWORK
AB Moment equation methods are popular and powerful tools for modeling transport processes in randomly heterogeneous porous media, but the application of these methods to advection-dispersion equations often leads to erroneous oscillations. Perturbative methods, required to close systems of moment equations, become inaccurate for large perturbations: however, little quantitative theory exists for determining when this occurs for advection-dispersion equations. We consider three different methods (asymptotic approximation, Eulerian truncation, and iterative solution) for closing and solving advection-dispersion moment equations describing transport in stratified porous media with random permeability. We obtain approximate analytical expressions for time above which the asymptotic approximation to the mean diverges, in particular quantifying the impact that dispersion has on delaying but not eliminating divergence. We demonstrate that Eulerian truncation and iterative solution methods do not eliminate divergent behavior either. Our divergence criteria provide a priori estimates that signal a warning to the practitioner of stochastic advection-dispersion equations to carefully consider whether to apply perturbative approaches. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jarman, Kenneth D.; Tartakovsky, Alexandre M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Jarman, KD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM kj@pnl.gov; alexandre.tartakovsky@pnl.gov
RI Jarman, Kenneth/B-6157-2011
OI Jarman, Kenneth/0000-0002-4396-9212
FU Department of Energy's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Advanced
Scientific Computing Research and performed at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the U.S.
Department of Energy.
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 5
BP 659
EP 670
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.03.002
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 768JH
UT WOS:000290929700010
ER
PT J
AU Perez-Bergquist, SJ
Vermaak, N
Pollock, TM
AF Perez-Bergquist, Sara J.
Vermaak, Natasha
Pollock, Tresa M.
TI High-Temperature Performance of Actively Cooled Vapor Phase Strengthened
Nickel-Based Thermostructural Panels
SO AIAA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SANDWICH PANELS; ALUMINIDE COATINGS; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOYS; DESIGN;
CORES
AB Actively cooled thermostructural panels for use in emerging hypersonic flight systems require advanced materials able to support substantial loads at elevated temperatures. Identifying formable structural materials with strength, toughness, and oxidation resistance is a major challenge in this advancing technology. Geometrical optimization of thermostructural panels for scramjet applications minimizing mass with appropriate mechanical strength and cooling capacity combinations often requires submillimeter wall and face-sheet thicknesses. A new processing method was developed, resulting in rectangular-channeled panels made of nickel-based precipitation-strengthened alloy in a previously unobtainable thin-walled geometry suitable for active cooling. The processing method begins with panel fabrication from submillimeter-thin sheets of a Ni-based solid-solution alloy. The strength of the panel is subsequently increased by vapor phase aluminization combined with an annealing treatment. The vapor phase strengthening process increases the yield strength of the panel by a factor of approximately three. Panels were fabricated with geometry representative of optimal designs and tested at high temperature with active cooling in both as-fabricated and strengthened states. The strengthened, actively cooled panel withstood a temperature 478 C higher than the as-fabricated panel before failure under high heat flux conditions, indicating that the vapor phase strengthening process provides substantial new performance capabilities.
C1 [Perez-Bergquist, Sara J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Vermaak, Natasha; Pollock, Tresa M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Perez-Bergquist, SJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-1-0439]
FX The support of the U.S. Office of Naval Research (grant
N00014-05-1-0439) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also
appreciate the assistance of Chris Torbet for helpful discussions and
assistance with experimental procedures.
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U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0001-1452
J9 AIAA J
JI AIAA J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
BP 1080
EP 1086
DI 10.2514/1.J050815
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 770FI
UT WOS:000291072000018
ER
PT J
AU Anton, DL
Price, CJ
Gray, J
AF Anton, Donald L.
Price, Christine J.
Gray, Joshua
TI Affects of Mechanical Milling and Metal Oxide Additives on Sorption
Kinetics of 1:1 LiNH2/MgH2 Mixture
SO ENERGIES
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrogen storage; lithium amide; magnesium hydride; isothermal kinetics;
oxide
ID N-H SYSTEM; HYDROGEN-STORAGE PROPERTIES; LITHIUM AMIDE; LIH;
1ST-PRINCIPLES; DESORPTION; NH3; ACTIVATION; LINH2-MGH2; HYDRIDES
AB The destabilized complex hydride system composed of LiNH2:MgH2 (1:1 molar ratio) is one of the leading candidates of hydrogen storage with a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 8.1 wt%. A low sorption enthalpy of similar to 32 kJ/mole H-2 was first predicted by Alapati et al. utilizing first principle density function theory (DFT) calculations and has been subsequently confirmed empirically by Lu et al. through differential thermal analysis (DTA). This enthalpy suggests that favorable sorption kinetics should be obtainable at temperatures in the range of 160 degrees C to 200 degrees C. Preliminary experiments reported in the literature indicate that sorption kinetics are substantially lower than expected in this temperature range despite favorable thermodynamics. Systematic isothermal and isobaric sorption experiments were performed using a Sievert's apparatus to form a baseline data set by which to compare kinetic results over the pressure and temperature range anticipated for use of this material as a hydrogen storage media. Various material preparation methods and compositional modifications were performed in attempts to increase the kinetics while lowering the sorption temperatures. This paper outlines the results of these systematic tests and describes a number of beneficial additions which influence kinetics as well as NH3 formation.
C1 [Anton, Donald L.; Price, Christine J.; Gray, Joshua] Savannah River Natl Lab Aiken, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
RP Anton, DL (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab Aiken, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
EM donald.anton@srnl.doe.gov; christine.erdy@srs.gov;
joshua.gray@srnl.doe.gov
FU US-DOE through the Metal Hydride Center of Excellence
FX The authors thank H. zur Loye, Daniel Bugaris and Muktha Bharathy at the
University of South Carolina and Susan Michele Everett from the
University of Tennessee for their efforts on performing XRD analyses; Z.
Fang at the University of Utah, Ragaiy Zidan of Savannah River National
Laboratory and Ned Stetson of the U.S. DOE for helpful discussions; and
Joseph Wheeler at Savannah River National Laboratory for maintaining the
laboratory. This work is financially supported by the US-DOE through the
Metal Hydride Center of Excellence.
NR 40
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Z9 6
U1 0
U2 16
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1996-1073
J9 ENERGIES
JI Energies
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 5
BP 826
EP 844
DI 10.3390/en4050826
PG 19
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA 769XC
UT WOS:000291050600008
ER
PT J
AU Gillespie, KM
Rogers, A
Ainsworth, EA
AF Gillespie, Kelly M.
Rogers, Alistair
Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.
TI Growth at elevated ozone or elevated carbon dioxide concentration alters
antioxidant capacity and response to acute oxidative stress in soybean
(Glycine max)
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Antioxidant metabolism; ascorbate; dehydroascorbate reductase;
glutathione reductase; oxidative stress; ozone pollution
ID ASCORBIC-ACID; DEHYDROASCORBATE REDUCTASE; BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES;
GLUTATHIONE-REDUCTASE; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; REACTIVE
OXYGEN; REDOX STATUS; CELL-DEATH; PLANTS
AB Soybeans (Glycine max Merr.) were grown at elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) or chronic elevated ozone concentration ([O(3)]; 90 ppb), and then exposed to an acute O(3) stress (200 ppb for 4 h) in order to test the hypothesis that the atmospheric environment alters the total antioxidant capacity of plants, and their capacity to respond to an acute oxidative stress. Total antioxidant metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity, and antioxidant transcript abundance were characterized before, immediately after, and during recovery from the acute O(3) treatment. Growth at chronic elevated [O(3)] increased the total antioxidant capacity of plants, while growth at elevated [CO(2)] decreased the total antioxidant capacity. Changes in total antioxidant capacity were matched by changes in ascorbate content, but not phenolic content. The growth environment significantly altered the pattern of antioxidant transcript and enzyme response to the acute O(3) stress. Following the acute oxidative stress, there was an immediate transcriptional reprogramming that allowed for maintained or increased antioxidant enzyme activities in plants grown at elevated [O(3)]. Growth at elevated [CO(2)] appeared to increase the response of antioxidant enzymes to acute oxidative stress, but dampened and delayed the transcriptional response. These results provide evidence that the growth environment alters the antioxidant system, the immediate response to an acute oxidative stress, and the timing over which plants return to initial antioxidant levels. The results also indicate that future elevated [CO(2)] and [O(3)] will differentially affect the antioxidant system.
C1 [Gillespie, Kelly M.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Physiol & Mol Plant Biol Program, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Rogers, Alistair] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Rogers, Alistair] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Physiol & Mol Plant Biol Program, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov
RI Rogers, Alistair/E-1177-2011
OI Rogers, Alistair/0000-0001-9262-7430
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Illinois Council for Food
and Agricultural Research (CFAR)
FX We thank Andrew Leakey, Don Ort, Tim Mies, and Jesse McGrath for
construction and support of the growth chamber facility. We also thank
Robert Koester and Jessica Chiang for assistance in plant maintenance,
tissue sampling, and biochemistry. Finally, we thank Craig Yendrek and
Carrie Ramig for assistance with the real-time PCR. KMG was supported by
a Graduate Research for the Environment Fellowship from the US
Department of Energy's Global Change Education Program. Funding for
building the ozone fumigation system was provided by the Illinois
Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR). This research was
supported in part by the US Department of Energy contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886 to Brookhaven National Laboratory.
NR 73
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U1 3
U2 39
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0957
J9 J EXP BOT
JI J. Exp. Bot.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 62
IS 8
BP 2667
EP 2678
DI 10.1093/jxb/erq435
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 766UZ
UT WOS:000290813300017
PM 21282325
ER
PT J
AU Brundage, AL
Donaldson, AB
Gill, W
Kearney, SP
Nicolette, VF
Yilmaz, N
AF Brundage, Aaron L.
Donaldson, A. Burl
Gill, Walt
Kearney, Sean P.
Nicolette, Vern F.
Yilmaz, Nadir
TI Thermocouple Response in Fires, Part 1: Considerations in Flame
Temperature Measurements by a Thermocouple
SO JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE thermocouple response; temperature measurement; fire modeling
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; CYLINDER
AB This PIRT exercise identifies a number of factors which can influence thermocouple readings made in fires. Identified factors are: (a) the fuel/oxidizer equivalence ratio and its effect on readings, (b) the influence of the state of oxidation and variation with time for the thermocouple sheath, (c) the convection coefficient models and how experimental readings are influenced by thermocouple diameter and yaw angle, (d) response time of a MIMS thermocouple, and (e) thermocouple end effects.
C1 [Yilmaz, Nadir] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Brundage, Aaron L.; Donaldson, A. Burl; Gill, Walt; Kearney, Sean P.; Nicolette, Vern F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Yilmaz, N (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM yilmaznadir@yahoo.com
NR 13
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0734-9041
J9 J FIRE SCI
JI J. Fire Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
BP 195
EP 211
DI 10.1177/0734904110386187
PG 17
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 762XT
UT WOS:000290516200001
ER
PT J
AU Brundage, AL
Donaldson, AB
Gill, W
Kearney, SP
Nicolette, VF
Yilmaz, N
AF Brundage, Aaron L.
Donaldson, A. Burl
Gill, Walt
Kearney, Sean P.
Nicolette, Vern F.
Yilmaz, Nadir
TI Thermocouple Response in Fires, Part 2: Validation of Virtual
Thermocouple Model for Fire Codes
SO JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE virtual thermocouple model; thermocouple heat balance; fire code
development; fire temperature measurements
ID TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; DIFFUSION FLAME; CARS
AB A virtual thermocouple model for high fidelity multiphysics computer simulation is introduced in this article. Detailed thermocouple and gas temperature (Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering) measurements were performed using a well-controlled, adiabatic, flat-flame Hencken burner, which provided data for validating the thermocouple model in a Sandia National Laboratories fire code. Comparison of simulation results to test data indicated a mean error of 6% between the thermocouple reading and predicted temperature.
C1 [Yilmaz, Nadir] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Brundage, Aaron L.; Donaldson, A. Burl; Gill, Walt; Kearney, Sean P.; Nicolette, Vern F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Yilmaz, N (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM yilmaznadir@yahoo.com
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000. The virtual thermocouple model discussed in this
article was developed in collaboration with Jens Holen of Statoil,
Norway (formerly of the Division of Applied Thermodynamics, SINTEF/NTH,
Norway).
NR 16
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Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0734-9041
J9 J FIRE SCI
JI J. Fire Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
BP 213
EP 226
DI 10.1177/0734904110386188
PG 14
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 762XT
UT WOS:000290516200002
ER
PT J
AU Arthur, DC
Edwards, RA
Tsutakawa, S
Tainer, JA
Frost, LS
Glover, JNM
AF Arthur, David C.
Edwards, Ross A.
Tsutakawa, Susan
Tainer, John A.
Frost, Laura S.
Glover, J. N. Mark
TI Mapping interactions between the RNA chaperone FinO and its RNA targets
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID F-LIKE PLASMIDS; X-RAY SOLUTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTISENSE RNA;
MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; TRANSFER INHIBITOR; TRANSPORTER PROP;
SCATTERING SAXS; PROTEIN; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
AB Bacterial conjugation is regulated by two-component repression comprising the antisense RNA FinP, and its protein co-factor FinO. FinO mediates base-pairing of FinP to the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of traJ mRNA, which leads to translational inhibition of the transcriptional activator TraJ and subsequent down regulation of conjugation genes. Yet, little is known about how FinO binds to its RNA targets or how this interaction facilitates FinP and traJ mRNA pairing. Here, we use solution methods to determine how FinO binds specifically to its minimal high affinity target, FinP stem-loop II (SLII), and its complement SLIIc from traJ mRNA. Ribonuclease footprinting reveals that FinO contacts the base of the stem and the 3' single-stranded tails of these RNAs. The phosphorylation or oxidation of the 3'-nucleotide blocks FinO binding, suggesting FinO binds the 3'-hydroxyl of its RNA targets. The collective results allow the generation of an energy-minimized model of the FinO-SLII complex, consistent with small-angle X-ray scattering data. The repression complex model was constrained using previously reported cross-linking data and newly developed footprinting results. Together, these data lead us to propose a model of how FinO mediates FinP/traJ mRNA pairing to down regulate bacterial conjugation.
C1 [Arthur, David C.; Edwards, Ross A.; Glover, J. N. Mark] Univ Alberta, Dept Biochem, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
[Tsutakawa, Susan; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Life Sci, Dept Genome Stabil, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Frost, Laura S.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
RP Glover, JNM (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biochem, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
EM ross.edwards@ualberta.ca; mark.glover@ualberta.ca
FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); Howard Hughes Medical
Institute (HHMI); Department of Energy [DE-FG0207ER64326]
FX Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); the Howard Hughes Medical
Institute (HHMI) International Scholar Program (to J.N.M.G.); SAXS
beamline SIBLYS and efforts on complexes controlling microbial colonies
funded by the MAGGIE (Molecular Assemblies, Genes and Genomes Integrated
Efficiently) project, Department of Energy grant (DE-FG0207ER64326 to
J.A.T.) in part. Funding for open access charge: Canadian Institutes of
Health Research (CIHR).
NR 49
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U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 10
BP 4450
EP 4463
DI 10.1093/nar/gkr025
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 770CB
UT WOS:000291063500044
PM 21278162
ER
PT J
AU Barber, SK
Morrison, GY
Yashchuk, VV
Gubarev, MV
Geckeler, RD
Buchheim, J
Siewert, F
Zeschke, T
AF Barber, Samuel K.
Morrison, Gregory Y.
Yashchuk, Valeriy V.
Gubarev, Mikhail V.
Geckeler, Ralf D.
Buchheim, Jana
Siewert, Frank
Zeschke, Thomas
TI Developmental long-trace profiler using optimally aligned mirror-based
pentaprism
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE optical metrology; surface slope metrology; surface profilometer;
long-trace profilers; developmental long-trace profilers; pentaprism;
mirror-based pentaprism; alignment; deflectometry
ID OPTICS
AB A low-budget surface slope-measuring instrument, the developmental long-trace profiler (DLTP), was recently brought into operation at the Advanced Light Source Optical Metrology Laboratory. The instrument is based on a precisely calibrated autocollimator and a movable pentaprism. The capability of the DLTP to achieve submicroradian surface slope metrology has been verified via cross-comparison measurements to other high-performance slope-measuring instruments when measuring the same high-quality test optics. Further improvement of the DLTP is achieved by replacing the existing bulk pentaprism with a specially designed mirror-based pentaprism, which offers the possibility to eliminate systematic errors introduced by inhomogeneity of the optical material and fabrication imperfections of a bulk pentaprism. We provide the details of the mirror-based pentaprism design and describe an original experimental procedure for precision mutual alignment of the mirrors. The algorithm of the alignment procedure and its efficiency are verified with rigorous ray-tracing simulations. Results of measurements of a spherically curved test mirror and a flat test mirror using the original bulk pentaprism are compared to measurements using the new mirror-based pentaprism, demonstrating the improved performance. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3572113]
C1 [Barber, Samuel K.; Morrison, Gregory Y.; Yashchuk, Valeriy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gubarev, Mikhail V.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Geckeler, Ralf D.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Buchheim, Jana; Siewert, Frank; Zeschke, Thomas] Elekt Speicherring BESSY II, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
RP Barber, SK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, 1 Cyclotron Rd,M-S 15R0327, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM VVYashchuk@lbl.gov
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science
Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; United States Government
FX The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.; This document was prepared as an
account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this
document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United
States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the
University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any
warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for
the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus,
product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not
infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific
commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark,
manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its
endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government
or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California.
The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily
state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency
thereof or The Regents of the University of California.
NR 24
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U1 4
U2 10
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 5
AR 053601
DI 10.1117/1.3572113
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 769NW
UT WOS:000291024100010
ER
PT J
AU Lee, Y
Chen, F
Gallego-Giraldo, L
Dixon, RA
Voit, EO
AF Lee, Yun
Chen, Fang
Gallego-Giraldo, Lina
Dixon, Richard A.
Voit, Eberhard O.
TI Integrative Analysis of Transgenic Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Suggests
New Metabolic Control Mechanisms for Monolignol Biosynthesis
SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE; CAFFEIC ACID 3-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE;
ACINETOBACTER SP ADP1; SALICYLIC-ACID; DOWN-REGULATION; PHENYLPROPANOID
BIOSYNTHESIS; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; LIGNIN; TOBACCO; PATHWAYS
AB The entanglement of lignin polymers with cellulose and hemicellulose in plant cell walls is a major biological barrier to the economically viable production of biofuels from woody biomass. Recent efforts of reducing this recalcitrance with transgenic techniques have been showing promise for ameliorating or even obviating the need for costly pretreatments that are otherwise required to remove lignin from cellulose and hemicelluloses. At the same time, genetic manipulations of lignin biosynthetic enzymes have sometimes yielded unforeseen consequences on lignin composition, thus raising the question of whether the current understanding of the pathway is indeed correct. To address this question systemically, we developed and applied a novel modeling approach that, instead of analyzing the pathway within a single target context, permits a comprehensive, simultaneous investigation of different datasets in wild type and transgenic plants. Specifically, the proposed approach combines static flux-based analysis with a Monte Carlo simulation in which very many randomly chosen sets of parameter values are evaluated against kinetic models of lignin biosynthesis in different stem internodes of wild type and lignin-modified alfalfa plants. In addition to four new postulates that address the reversibility of some key reactions, the modeling effort led to two novel postulates regarding the control of the lignin biosynthetic pathway. The first posits functionally independent pathways toward the synthesis of different lignin monomers, while the second postulate proposes a novel feedforward regulatory mechanism. Subsequent laboratory experiments have identified the signaling molecule salicylic acid as a potential mediator of the postulated control mechanism. Overall, the results demonstrate that mathematical modeling can be a valuable complement to conventional transgenic approaches and that it can provide biological insights that are otherwise difficult to obtain.
C1 [Lee, Yun; Voit, Eberhard O.] Georgia Inst Technol, Integrat BioSyst Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Lee, Yun; Voit, Eberhard O.] Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Lee, Yun; Voit, Eberhard O.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Lee, Yun; Chen, Fang; Dixon, Richard A.; Voit, Eberhard O.] BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Chen, Fang; Gallego-Giraldo, Lina; Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA.
RP Lee, Y (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Integrat BioSyst Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM eberhard.voit@bme.gatech.edu
FU BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a U.S. Department of Energy Research
Center; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE
Office of Science
FX This work was supported by the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a U.S.
Department of Energy Research Center supported by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 40
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U1 1
U2 21
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-734X
J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JI PLoS Comput. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
AR e1002047
DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002047
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 769LT
UT WOS:000291015800023
PM 21625579
ER
PT J
AU Pang, TY
Maslov, S
AF Pang, Tin Yau
Maslov, Sergei
TI A Toolbox Model of Evolution of Metabolic Pathways on Networks of
Arbitrary Topology
SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GENOMES; GENES; WORLD
AB In prokaryotic genomes the number of transcriptional regulators is known to be proportional to the square of the total number of protein-coding genes. A toolbox model of evolution was recently proposed to explain this empirical scaling for metabolic enzymes and their regulators. According to its rules, the metabolic network of an organism evolves by horizontal transfer of pathways from other species. These pathways are part of a larger "universal'' network formed by the union of all species-specific networks. It remained to be understood, however, how the topological properties of this universal network influence the scaling law of functional content of genomes in the toolbox model. Here we answer this question by first analyzing the scaling properties of the toolbox model on arbitrary tree-like universal networks. We prove that critical branching topology, in which the average number of upstream neighbors of a node is equal to one, is both necessary and sufficient for quadratic scaling. We further generalize the rules of the model to incorporate reactions with multiple substrates/products as well as branched and cyclic metabolic pathways. To achieve its metabolic tasks, the new model employs evolutionary optimized pathways with minimal number of reactions. Numerical simulations of this realistic model on the universal network of all reactions in the KEGG database produced approximately quadratic scaling between the number of regulated pathways and the size of the metabolic network. To quantify the geometrical structure of individual pathways, we investigated the relationship between their number of reactions, byproducts, intermediate, and feedback metabolites. Our results validate and explain the ubiquitous appearance of the quadratic scaling for a broad spectrum of topologies of underlying universal metabolic networks. They also demonstrate why, in spite of "small-world'' topology, real-life metabolic networks are characterized by a broad distribution of pathway lengths and sizes of metabolic regulons in regulatory networks.
C1 [Pang, Tin Yau; Maslov, Sergei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Pang, Tin Yau] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Pang, TY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM maslov@bnl.gov
RI Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009
OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X
FU Division of Material Science, US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US
Department of Energy [DE-FOA-0000143]
FX Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was carried out under Contract
No. DE-AC02-98CH10886, Division of Material Science, US Department of
Energy. Part of this study was supported by the program "Computational
Biology and Bioinformatic Methods to Enable a Systems Biology
Knowledgebase'' (DE-FOA-0000143) of the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, US Department of Energy. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1553-734X
J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JI PLoS Comput. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
AR e1001137
DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1001137
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 769LT
UT WOS:000291015800011
PM 21625566
ER
PT J
AU Carlstrom, JE
Ade, PAR
Aird, KA
Benson, BA
Bleem, LE
Busetti, S
Chang, CL
Chauvin, E
Cho, HM
Crawford, TM
Crites, AT
Dobbs, MA
Halverson, NW
Heimsath, S
Holzapfel, WL
Hrubes, JD
Joy, M
Keisler, R
Lanting, TM
Lee, AT
Leitch, EM
Leong, J
Lu, W
Lueker, M
Luong-Van, D
McMahon, JJ
Mehl, J
Meyer, SS
Mohr, JJ
Montroy, TE
Padin, S
Plagge, T
Pryke, C
Ruhl, JE
Schaffer, KK
Schwan, D
Shirokoff, E
Spieler, HG
Staniszewski, Z
Stark, AA
Tucker, C
Vanderlinde, K
Vieira, JD
Williamson, R
AF Carlstrom, J. E.
Ade, P. A. R.
Aird, K. A.
Benson, B. A.
Bleem, L. E.
Busetti, S.
Chang, C. L.
Chauvin, E.
Cho, H. -M.
Crawford, T. M.
Crites, A. T.
Dobbs, M. A.
Halverson, N. W.
Heimsath, S.
Holzapfel, W. L.
Hrubes, J. D.
Joy, M.
Keisler, R.
Lanting, T. M.
Lee, A. T.
Leitch, E. M.
Leong, J.
Lu, W.
Lueker, M.
Luong-Van, D.
McMahon, J. J.
Mehl, J.
Meyer, S. S.
Mohr, J. J.
Montroy, T. E.
Padin, S.
Plagge, T.
Pryke, C.
Ruhl, J. E.
Schaffer, K. K.
Schwan, D.
Shirokoff, E.
Spieler, H. G.
Staniszewski, Z.
Stark, A. A.
Tucker, C.
Vanderlinde, K.
Vieira, J. D.
Williamson, R.
TI The 10 Meter South Pole Telescope
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; STRONG ELECTROTHERMAL FEEDBACK;
POLARIZATION; BOLOMETERS; ARRAYS; WAVES; SUBMILLIMETER
AB The South Pole Telescope (SPT) is a 10 m diameter, wide-field, offset Gregorian telescope with a 966 pixel, multicolor, millimeter-wave, bolometer camera. It is located at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole station in Antarctica. The design of the SPT emphasizes careful control of spillover and scattering, to minimize noise and false signals due to ground pickup. The key initial project is a large-area survey at wavelengths of 3, 2, and 1.3 mm, to detect clusters of galaxies via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and to measure the small-scale angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The data will be used to characterize the primordial matter power spectrum and to place constraints on the equation of state of dark energy. A second-generation camera will measure the polarization of the CMB, potentially leading to constraints on the neutrino mass and the energy scale of inflation.
C1 [Carlstrom, J. E.; Bleem, L. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E. M.; Luong-Van, D.; McMahon, J. J.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.; Pryke, C.; Schaffer, K. K.; Vanderlinde, K.; Vieira, J. D.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Leitch, E. M.; Luong-Van, D.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.; Pryke, C.; Vanderlinde, K.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Keisler, R.; Meyer, S. S.; Vieira, J. D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Bleem, L. E.; Chang, C. L.; McMahon, J. J.; Meyer, S. S.; Pryke, C.; Schaffer, K. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
[Benson, B. A.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Schwan, D.; Shirokoff, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chauvin, E.] Gen Dynam Satcom Technol, San Jose, CA 95131 USA.
[Cho, H. -M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dobbs, M. A.; Lanting, T. M.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Joy, M.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Leong, J.; Lu, W.; Montroy, T. E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Mohr, J. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Spieler, H. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Carlstrom, JE (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM jc@kicp.uchicago.edu
RI Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015;
OI Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518;
Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996; Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [ANT-0638937, ANT-0130612]; US
Antarctic Program; Raytheon Polar Services Company; NSF Physics Frontier
Center at the University of Chicago [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation;
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada; Quebec Fonds de Recherche sur la Nature et
les Technologies; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
FX We thank R. Hills for many useful discussions on the optical design. We
gratefully acknowledge the contributions to the construction of the
telescope from T. Hughes, P. Huntley, B. Johnson, E. Nichols, and his
team of iron workers. We also thank the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Office of Polar Programs, the US Antarctic Program and the
Raytheon Polar Services Company for their support of the project. We are
grateful for professional support from the staff of the South Pole
station. The SPT is supported by the NSF through grants ANT-0638937 and
ANT-0130612. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics
Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological
Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The McGill University group
acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada, the Quebec Fonds de Recherche sur la Nature et les
Technologies, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. The
following individuals acknowledge additional support: J. Carlstrom from
the James S. McDonnell Foundation, K. Schaffer from a Kavli Institute
for Cosmological Physics (KICP) Fellowship, J. McMahon from a Fermi
Fellowship, Z. Staniszewski from a Graduate Assistance in Areas of
National Need (GAANN) Fellowship, and A. T. Lee from the Miller
Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California,
Berkeley.
NR 43
TC 195
Z9 197
U1 1
U2 8
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
EI 1538-3873
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 123
IS 903
BP 568
EP 581
DI 10.1086/659879
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 768NY
UT WOS:000290943000007
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JJ
Graetz, J
AF Chen, Jiajun
Graetz, Jason
TI Study of Antisite Defects in Hydrothermally Prepared LiFePO4 by in Situ
X-ray Diffraction
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrothermal; cation disorder; lithium iron phosphate; in situ X-ray
diffraction; battery cathode
ID LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; CATHODE MATERIALS;
IMPURITIES; MANGANESE; BATTERIES; LIXFEPO4; DISORDER; OLIVINES
AB Hydrothermal synthesis has proven to be a cost-effective, energy-efficient approach for the manufacture of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) and its related materials. However, hydrothermally prepared LiFePO4 typically suffers from antisite defects, where some of the iron resides on lithium sites and restricts lithium-ion mobility. A post-heat-treatment temperature of around 700 degrees C is generally used to eliminate cation disorder, but little is known about these antisite defects or their concentration as a function of the post-heat-treatment temperature. In this study, time-resolved, synchrotron X-ray diffraction reveals that antisite defects are completely eliminated above 500 degrees C, suggesting that the electrochemical performance may be significantly enhanced by a milder postsynthesis heat treatment. The preliminary electrochemical results show a significant enhancement in the electrochemical capacity with the defect-free material, with the specific capacity increasing by approximately 60% at a C/20 rate.
C1 [Chen, Jiajun; Graetz, Jason] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Chen, JJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Energy Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM jjchen@bnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Laboratory Directed
Research and Development at BNL; U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under
Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with funding from Laboratory Directed
Research and Development at BNL. Use of the NSLS at BNL was supported by
the U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Grant DE-AC02-98CH10886).
The authors are very grateful to Dr. Jonathan Hanson and Dr. Rui Si for
fruitful discussion and technical support at NSLS Beamline X7B.
NR 19
TC 46
Z9 49
U1 3
U2 64
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 5
BP 1380
EP 1384
DI 10.1021/am200141a
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767GR
UT WOS:000290843800002
PM 21526798
ER
PT J
AU Qi, JS
Huang, JY
Feng, J
Shi, DN
Li, J
AF Qi, Jing Shan
Huang, Jian Yu
Feng, Ji
Shi, Da Ning
Li, Ju
TI The Possibility of Chemically Inert, Graphene-Based All-Carbon
Electronic Devices with 0.8 eV Gap
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE self-folding; graphene; nanotube; half-nanotube; bilayer edge; hybrid
device
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; BILAYER GRAPHENE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES;
NANOTUBES; NANORIBBONS; GROWTH
AB Graphene is an Interesting electronic material. However, flat monolayer graphene does not have significant gap in the electronic density of states, required for a large on off ratio in logic applications. We propose here a novel device architecture, composed of self-folded carbon nanotube graphene hybrids, which have been recently observed experimentally in Joule-heated graphene. These experiments demonstrated the feasibility of cutting, folding, and welding few-layer graphene in situ to form all-carbon nanostructures with complex topologies. The electronic gap of self-folded nanotubes can be combined with the semimetallicity of graphene electrodes to form a "metal-semiconductor metal" junction. By ab initio calculations we demonstrate large energy gaps in the transmission spectra of such junctions, which preserve the intrinsic transport characteristics of the semiconducting nanotubes despite topologically necessary disinclinations at the flat graphene curved nanotube interface. These all-carbon devices are proposed to be constructed by contact probe cutting and high-temperature annealing and, If produced, would be chemically stable at room temperature under normal gas environments.
C1 [Huang, Jian Yu] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Qi, Jing Shan; Feng, Ji; Li, Ju] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Qi, Jing Shan; Shi, Da Ning] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Dept Appl Phys, Nanjing 210016, Peoples R China.
RP Huang, JY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM jhuang@sandia.gov; liju@seas.upenn.edu
RI Qi, Jingshan/A-8426-2012; Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Li, Ju/A-2993-2008;
Feng, Ji/B-6775-2009
OI Li, Ju/0000-0002-7841-8058; Feng, Ji/0000-0003-1944-718X
FU NSF [DMR-0520020]; Honda Research Institute USA; AFOSR
[FA9550-08-1-0325]; China Scholarship Council; NSFJS [BK2010499]; U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by NSF DMR-0520020, Honda Research Institute
USA, and AFOSR FA9550-08-1-0325. J.Q. thanks the support by China
Scholarship Council and NSFJS No. BK2010499. This work was performed, in
part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, user facility. Sandia
National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for
the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 47
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3475
EP 3482
DI 10.1021/nn102322s
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800009
PM 21456598
ER
PT J
AU Yui, X
Xiao, K
Chen, JH
Lavrik, NV
Hong, KL
Sumpter, BG
Geohegan, DB
AF Yui, Xiang
Xiao, Kai
Chen, Jihua
Lavrik, Nickolay V.
Hong, Kunlun
Sumpter, Bobby G.
Geohegan, David B.
TI High-Performance Field-Effect Transistors Based on
Polystyrene-b-Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Diblock Copolymers
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE self-assembly; conjugated diblock copolymer; organic field-effect
transistors
ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; CONJUGATED BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS;
REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); CHARGE-TRANSPORT; MICROPHASE
SEPARATION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; EFFECT MOBILITY; MORPHOLOGY; POLYTHIOPHENE
AB Polystyrene-b-poly(3-hexylthiophene) (PS-b-P3HT) block copolymers with fixed PS block length have been synthesized by combined atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and Grignard metathesis (GRIM) polymerization. The self-assembled structures of these diblock copolymer thin films based on PS-b-P3HT have been studied by TEM, SAED, GIXD, AFM, and additionally by first principles modeling and simulation. These block copolymers undergo microphase separation and form nanostructured spheres, lamellae, nanofibers, or nanoribbons In the films dictated by the molecular weight of the P3HT block. Within the diblock copolymer thin film, PS blocks segregate to form amorphous domains, and the covalently bonded conjugated P3HT blocks exist as highly ordered crystalline domains through intermolecular packing with their alkyl side chains aligned normal to the substrate while the thiophene rings align parallel to the substrate through pi-pi stacking. The conjugated PS-b-P3HT block copolymers exhibited significant improvements in organic field-effect transistor (OFET) performance and environmental stability as compared to P3HT homopolymers, with up to a factor of 2 increase in measured mobility (0.08 cm(2)/(V.s)) for the P4(85 wt % P3HT). Overall, this work demonstrates that the high degree of molecular order induced by block copolymer phase separation can improve the transport properties and stability of conjugating polymers, which are critical for high-performance OFETs and other organic electronics.
C1 [Yui, Xiang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Xiao, Kai; Chen, Jihua; Lavrik, Nickolay V.; Hong, Kunlun; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Geohegan, David B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Xiao, K (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM xiaok@ornl.gov; hongkq@ornl.gov
RI Xiao, Kai/A-7133-2012; Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Chen,
Jihua/F-1417-2011; Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011; Geohegan,
David/D-3599-2013; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015
OI Xiao, Kai/0000-0002-0402-8276; Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; Chen,
Jihua/0000-0001-6879-5936; Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634;
Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy
FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the
Scientific User Facilities Division, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 45
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 64
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3559
EP 3567
DI 10.1021/nn2007964
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800018
ER
PT J
AU Cho, J
Gao, L
Tian, JF
Cao, HL
Wu, W
Yu, QK
Yitamben, EN
Fisher, B
Guest, JR
Chen, YP
Guisinger, NP
AF Cho, Jongweon
Gao, Li
Tian, Jifa
Cao, Helin
Wu, Wei
Yu, Qingkai
Yitamben, Esmeralda N.
Fisher, Brandon
Guest, Jeffrey R.
Chen, Yong P.
Guisinger, Nathan P.
TI Atomic-Scale Investigation of Graphene Grown on Cu Foil and the Effects
of Thermal Annealing
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE graphene; chemical vapor deposition; Cu foil; scanning tunneling
microscopy; Moire pattern; corrosion; surface oxide
ID GRAPHITE; FILMS; PHASE
AB We have investigated the effects of thermal annealing on ex-situ chemically vapor deposited submonolayer graphene islands on polycrystalline Cu foil at the atomic-scale using ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy. Low-temperature annealed graphene islands on Cu foil (at similar to 430 degrees C) exhibit predominantly striped Moire patterns, indicating a relatively weak interaction between graphene and the underlying polycrystalline Cu foil. Rapid high-temperature annealing of the simple (at 700-800 degrees C) gives rise to the removal of Cu oxide and the recovery of crystallographic features of the copper that surrounds the intact graphene. These experimental observations of continuous crystalline features between the underlying copper (beneath the graphene islands). and the surrounding exposed copper areas revealed by high-temperature annealing demonstrates the impenetrable nature of graphene and its potential application as a protective layer against corrosion.
C1 [Cho, Jongweon; Gao, Li; Yitamben, Esmeralda N.; Fisher, Brandon; Guest, Jeffrey R.; Guisinger, Nathan P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Tian, Jifa; Cao, Helin; Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Tian, Jifa; Cao, Helin; Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Wu, Wei] Univ Houston, Ctr Adv Mat, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Wu, Wei; Yu, Qingkai] Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
RP Cho, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM jwcho@anl.gov
RI Cho, Jongweon/F-3704-2011; Wu, Wei/F-5519-2011; Cao, Helin/G-5521-2012;
Guest, Jeffrey/B-2715-2009; Chen, Yong/K-7017-2012; Cao,
Helin/B-5908-2013; Tian, Jifa/C-4047-2013
OI Guest, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9756-8801; Chen, Yong/0000-0002-7356-4179;
Tian, Jifa/0000-0003-2921-470X
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; SISGR [DE-FG02-09ER16109]; DARPA [MIPR
10-E533]
FX The use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne National
Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357 and "SISGR" Contract No. DE-FG02-09ER16109. This work
is also supported by DARPA contract MIPR 10-E533.
NR 30
TC 86
Z9 87
U1 6
U2 124
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3607
EP 3613
DI 10.1021/nn103338g
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800024
PM 21500843
ER
PT J
AU Cho, J
Berbil-Bautista, L
Pechenezhskiy, IV
Levy, N
Meier, SK
Srinivasan, V
Kanai, Y
Grossman, JC
Vollhardt, KPC
Crommie, MF
AF Cho, Jongweon
Berbil-Bautista, Luis
Pechenezhskiy, Ivan V.
Levy, Niv
Meier, Steven K.
Srinivasan, Varadharajan
Kanai, Yosuke
Grossman, Jeffrey C.
Vollhardt, K. Peter C.
Crommie, Michael F.
TI Single-Molecule-Resolved Structural Changes Induced by Temperature and
Light in Surface-Bound Organometallic Molecules Designed for Energy
Storage
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE scanning tunneling microscopy; fulvalene; ruthenium; CO loss;
isomerization; energy storage
ID (FULVALENE)TETRACARBONYLDIRUTHENIUM; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES
AB We have used scanning tunneling microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations to investigate thermal and photoinduced structural transitions in (fulvalene)tetracarbonyldiruthenium molecules (designed for light energy storage) on a Au(111) surface. We find that both the parent complex and the photoisomer exhibit striking thermally Induced structural phase changes on Au(111), which we attribute to the loss of carbonyl ligands from the organometallic molecules. Density functional theory calculations support this conclusion. We observe that UV Exposure leads to pronounced structural change only in the parent complex, indicative of a photoisomerization reaction.
C1 [Cho, Jongweon; Pechenezhskiy, Ivan V.; Crommie, Michael F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrated Nanomech Syst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Berbil-Bautista, Luis; Levy, Niv; Crommie, Michael F.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Meier, Steven K.; Vollhardt, K. Peter C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Srinivasan, Varadharajan; Grossman, Jeffrey C.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Cho, Jongweon; Berbil-Bautista, Luis; Pechenezhskiy, Ivan V.; Levy, Niv; Crommie, Michael F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kanai, Yosuke] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94554 USA.
RP Cho, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM jwcho@ani.gov; crommie@berkeley.edu
RI Cho, Jongweon/F-3704-2011; Kanai, Yosuke/B-5554-2016
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC03-76SF0098]; National Science Foundation within the Center of
Integrated Nanomechanical Systems [EEC-0425941]; UC Berkeley; NSF
[CHE-0907800]; U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX STM instrumentation development and measurements supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF0098; STM data analysis supported
by the National Science Foundation within the Center of Integrated
Nanomechanical Systems, under Grant EEC-0425941; molecular synthesis
supported by the Sustainable Products and Solutions Program at UC
Berkeley and the NSF (CHE-0907800); numerical simulations supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3701
EP 3706
DI 10.1021/nn2000367
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800035
PM 21480634
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, WG
Chen, H
Bevan, KH
Zhang, ZY
AF Zhu, Wenguang
Chen, Hua
Bevan, Kirk H.
Zhang, Zhenyu
TI Formation of Graphene p-n Superlattices on Pb Quantum Wedged Islands
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE graphene p-n superlattice; quantum size effects; graphene/metal contact
ID MASSLESS DIRAC FERMIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; SUBSTRATE; JUNCTION;
FILMS
AB On the basis of first-principles calculations within density functional theory, we report on a novel scheme to create graphene p-n superlattices on Pb wedged Islands with quantum stability. Pb(111) wedged islands grown on vicinal Si(111) extend over several Si steps, forming a wedged structure with atomically flat tops. The monolayer thickness variation due to the underlying substrate steps is a sizable fraction of the total thickness of the wedged islands and gives rise to a bilayer oscillation in the work function of Pb(111) due to quantum size effects. Here, we demonstrate that when a graphene sheet is placed on the surface of such a Pb wedged island, the spatial work function oscillation on the Pb wedged island surface caused by the underlying steps results in an oscillatory shift in the graphene Dirac point with respect to the Fermi level. Furthermore, by applying an external electric field of similar to 0.5 V/angstrom in the surface normal direction, the Fermi level of the system can be globally tuned to an appropriate position such that the whole graphene layer becomes a graphene p-n superlattice of seamless junctions, with potentially exotic physical properties and intriguing applications in nanoelectronics.
C1 [Zhu, Wenguang; Chen, Hua; Zhang, Zhenyu] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Zhu, Wenguang; Chen, Hua; Bevan, Kirk H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bevan, Kirk H.] McGill Univ, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Bevan, Kirk H.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Zhang, Zhenyu] Univ Sci & Technol China, ICQD HFNL, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.
RP Zhu, WG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM wzhu3@utk.edu
RI Zhu, Wenguang/F-4224-2011; Chen, Hua/H-3092-2013
OI Zhu, Wenguang/0000-0003-0819-595X; Chen, Hua/0000-0003-0676-3079
FU Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; NSF [0906025]; NSERC of Canada
FX This work was supported by the Division of Materials Science and
Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy,
and in part by NSF Grant No. 0906025 and NSERC of Canada. The
calculations were performed at NERSC of DOE.
NR 51
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3707
EP 3713
DI 10.1021/nn200052f
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800036
PM 21473606
ER
PT J
AU Mistry, KS
Larsen, BA
Bergeson, JD
Barnes, TM
Teeter, G
Engtrakul, C
Blackburn, JL
AF Mistry, Kevin S.
Larsen, Brian A.
Bergeson, Jeremy D.
Barnes, Teresa M.
Teeter, Glenn
Engtrakul, Chaiwat
Blackburn, Jeffrey L.
TI n-Type Transparent Conducting Films of Small Molecule and Polymer Amine
Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE single-walled carbon nanotubes; photovoltaics; doping; n-type;
transparent conductor; amine; thin films
ID GRAPHITE-INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS;
CHARGE-TRANSFER; RAMAN-SCATTERING; C-13 NMR; NETWORKS; SPECTROSCOPY;
FUNCTIONALIZATION; PHOTOVOLTAICS; DEPENDENCE
AB In this report, we investigate the electrical and optical properties of thin conducting films of SWNTs after treatment with small molecule and polymeric amines. Among those tested, we find hydrazine to be the most effective n-type dopant. We use absorbance, Raman, X-ray photoelectron, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies on thin conducting films and opaque buckypapers treated with hydrazine to study fundamental properties and spectroscopic signatures of n-type SWNTs and compare them to SWNTs treated with nitric acid, a well-characterized p-type dopant. We find that hydrazine physisorbs to the surface of semiconducting and metallic SWNTs and Injects large electron concentrations, raising the Fermi level as much as 0.7 eV above that of intrinsic SWNTs. Hydrazine-treated transparent SWNT films display sheet resistances nearly as low as p-type nitric-acid-treated films at similar optical transmittances, demonstrating their potential for use in photovoltaic devices as low work function transparent electron-collecting electrodes.
C1 [Mistry, Kevin S.; Larsen, Brian A.; Bergeson, Jeremy D.; Barnes, Teresa M.; Teeter, Glenn; Engtrakul, Chaiwat; Blackburn, Jeffrey L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Mistry, Kevin S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Blackburn, JL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Jeffrey.blackburn@nrel.gov
RI Engtrakul, Chaiwat/H-5634-2011; Blackburn, Jeffrey/D-7344-2012; Larsen,
Brian/B-4807-2008
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences
[DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Seed Fund program of the Solar Energy Technology
Program (SETP)
FX We thank Ross Larsen for density functional calculations, and for the
table of contents image. Doping and spectroscopy studies were supported
by the Solar Photochemistry program of the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences and Biosciences, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to
NREL. Thin film development was supported by the Seed Fund program of
the Solar Energy Technology Program (SETP).
NR 53
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 4
U2 67
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3714
EP 3723
DI 10.1021/nn200076r
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800037
PM 21388221
ER
PT J
AU Rivest, JB
Swisher, SL
Fong, LK
Zheng, HM
Alivisatos, AP
AF Rivest, Jessy B.
Swisher, Sarah L.
Fong, Lam-Kiu
Zheng, Haimei
Alivisatos, A. Paul
TI Assembled Monolayer Nanorod Heterojunctions
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE cation exchange; self-assembly; epitaxial heterojunction nanorod
ID CATION-EXCHANGE; SOLAR-CELLS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; THIN-FILMS; METAL;
NANOWIRES; CRYSTALS
AB Compositional and Interfacial control in heterojunction thin films is critical to the performance of complex devices that separate or combine charges. For high performance, these applications require epitaxially matched interfaces, which are difficult to produce. Here, we present a new architecture for producing low-strain, single-crystalline heterojunctions using self-assembly and in-film cation exchange of colloidal nanorods. A systematic set of experiments demonstrates a cation exchange procedure that lends precise control over compositional depths in a monolayer film of vertically aligned nanorods. Compositional changes are reflected by electrical performance as rectification is induced, quenched, and reversed during cation exchange from CdS to Cu(2)S to PbS. As an additional benefit, we achieve this single-crystal architecture via an inherently simple and low-temperature wet chemical process, which is general to a variety of chemistries. This permits ensemble measurement of transport through a colloidal nanoparticle film with no interparticle charge hopping.
C1 [Fong, Lam-Kiu; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rivest, Jessy B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Swisher, Sarah L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zheng, Haimei; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM alivis@berkeley.edu
RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015
OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User
Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Helios Solar Energy Research Center;
Inorganic/Organic Nanocomposites NSET Program [KC3104]; National Science
Foundation
FX We gratefully acknowledge P.K. Jain, B. Sadtler, J. Urban, D. Milliron,
and E. Rabani for helpful discussions and critical review of the
manuscript We thank KM. Yu for RES data, and M.V.P. Altoe and S. Aloni
for EFTEM data. SEM, EDS, and EFTEM were performed at the Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), and were
supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. HRTEM was performed at the
National Center for Electron Microscopy at LBNL. Work summarized in
Figure 2 was funded by the Helios Solar Energy Research Center, which Is
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work summarized in Figures 3 and 4 was supported by
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the
United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231
on the Inorganic/Organic Nanocomposites NSET Program, KC3104. J.B.R. and
S.L.S. performed electrical measurements and were supported by National
Science Foundation Graduate Student Fellowships. An Intel Fellowship
supported the research on heterojunction formation (J.B.R.).
NR 33
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 7
U2 76
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3811
EP 3816
DI 10.1021/nn2001454
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800047
PM 21469653
ER
PT J
AU Fagan, JA
Huh, JY
Simpson, JR
Blackburn, JL
Holt, JM
Larsen, BA
Walker, ARH
AF Fagan, Jeffrey A.
Huh, Ji Yeon
Simpson, Jeffrey R.
Blackburn, Jeffrey L.
Holt, Josh M.
Larsen, Brian A.
Walker, Angela R. Hight
TI Separation of Empty and Water-Filled Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE nanotube; SWCNT; centrifugation; separation; deoxycholate; empty;
water-filled
ID DENSITY-GRADIENT ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; LENGTH;
SURFACTANTS; DISPERSION; DIFFERENTIATION; CENTRIFUGATION; ENCAPSULATION;
ENRICHMENT; SUSPENSION
AB The separation of empty and water-filled laser ablation and electric arc synthesized nanotubes is reported. Centrifugation of these large-diameter nanotubes dispersed with sodium deoxycholate using specific conditions produces isolated bands of empty and water-filled nanotubes without significant diameter selection. This separation is shown to be consistent across multiple nanotube populations dispersed from different source soots. Detailed spectroscopic characterization of the resulting empty and filled fractions reveals that water filling leads to systematic changes to the optical and vibrational properties. Furthermore, sequential separation of the resolved fractions using cosurfactants and density gradient ultracentrifugation reveals that water filling strongly influences the optimal conditions for metallic and semiconducting separation.
C1 [Fagan, Jeffrey A.; Huh, Ji Yeon] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Simpson, Jeffrey R.] Towson Univ, Towson, MD 21252 USA.
[Blackburn, Jeffrey L.; Holt, Josh M.; Larsen, Brian A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fagan, JA (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeffrey.fagan@nist.gov
RI Holt, Josh/G-8094-2011; Blackburn, Jeffrey/D-7344-2012; Larsen,
Brian/B-4807-2008; Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009;
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672; Fagan,
Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences
[DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX J. Blackburn, J. Holt, and B. Larsen were supported by the Solar
Photochemistry program of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences and Biosciences, under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to
NREL.
NR 50
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 53
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3943
EP 3953
DI 10.1021/nn200458t
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800063
PM 21480636
ER
PT J
AU Roh, JW
Hippalgaonkar, K
Ham, JH
Chen, RK
Li, MZ
Ercius, P
Majumdar, A
Kim, W
Lee, W
AF Roh, Jong Wook
Hippalgaonkar, Kedar
Ham, Jin Hee
Chen, Renkun
Li, Ming Zhi
Ercius, Peter
Majumdar, Arun
Kim, Woochul
Lee, Wooyoung
TI Observation of Anisotropy in Thermal Conductivity of Individual
Single-Crystalline Bismuth Nanowires
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE bismuth; nanowires; anisotropy; thermal conductivity; size effect
ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; BI NANOWIRES; THERMOELECTRIC FIGURE; SILICON
NANOWIRES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ARRAYS; MERIT
AB The thermal conductivity of individual single-crystalline Bi nanowires grown by the on-film formation of nanowires (ON-OFF) has been Investigated. We observed that the thermal conductivity of single-crystalline Bi nanowires Is highly anisotropic. Thermal conductivity of nanowires (diameter similar to 100 nm) in the off-axis [(1) over bar 02) and [110] directions exhibits a difference of similar to 7.0 W/m.K. The thermal conductivity in both growth directions is diameter-dependent, which indicates that thermal transport through the individual Bi nanowires is limited by boundary scattering of both electrons and phonons. This huge anisotropy in thermal conductivities of Bi nanowires suggests the importance of direction-dependent characterization of charge, thermal transport, and thermoelectric properties of Bi nanowires.
C1 [Kim, Woochul] Yonsei Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Roh, Jong Wook; Ham, Jin Hee; Lee, Wooyoung] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Hippalgaonkar, Kedar; Li, Ming Zhi; Majumdar, Arun] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chen, Renkun] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
[Ercius, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Labs, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kim, W (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Sch Mech Engn, 262 Seongsanno, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
EM woochul@yonsei.ac.kr; wooyoung@yonsei.ac.kr
RI Chen, Renkun/J-2400-2014; Hippalgaonkar, Kedar/K-2196-2015
OI Chen, Renkun/0000-0001-7526-4981;
FU Priority Research Center [2009-0093823]; Center for Nanostructured
Materials Technology [2009K000452]; Office of Basic Energy Science, DOE
[DE-AC02-05-CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Seoul Science Fellowship
FX This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program
(2009-0093823) and by a grant (code 2009K000452) from the Center for
Nanostructured Materials Technology under the 21st Century Frontier R&D
Programs through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).
Majumdar et al, acknowledge support from the Office of Basic Energy
Science, DOE under Grant DE-AC02-05-CH11231 as well as the National
Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, which is
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank B. Kavaipatti for useful discussions on the
analysis of Bi crystal structure. J.W.R. is thankful for the financial
support from the Seoul Science Fellowship.
NR 34
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 6
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3954
EP 3960
DI 10.1021/nn200474d
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800064
PM 21466197
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, C
Zhang, ZY
Fu, A
Wu, CH
Hwang, YJ
Gargas, DJ
Yang, PD
AF Hahn, Christopher
Zhang, Zhaoyu
Fu, Anthony
Wu, Cheng Hao
Hwang, Yun Jeong
Gargas, Daniel J.
Yang, Peidong
TI Epitaxial Growth of InGaN Nanowire Arrays for Light Emitting Diodes
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE InGaN nanowires; light-emitting diode; epitaxy; halide chemical vapor
deposition; tunable emission
ID ALLOYS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; EMISSION; SILICON; SYSTEM;
GAN
AB Significant synthetic challenges remain for the epitaxial growth of high-quality InGaN across the entire compositional range. One strategy to address these challenges has been to use the nanowire geometry because of its strain relieving properties. Here, we demonstrate the heteroepitaxial growth of InxGa1-xN nanowire arrays (0.06 <= x <= 0.43) on c-plane sapphire (Al2O3(001)) using a halide chemical vapor deposition (HCVD) technique. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization confirmed the long-range order and epitaxy of vertically oriented nanowires. Structural characterization by transmission electron microscopy showed that single crystalline nanowires were grown in the < 002 > direction. Optical properties of InGaN nanowire arrays were investigated by absorption and photoluminescence measurements. These measurements show the tunable direct band gap properties of InGaN nanowires into the yellow-orange region of the visible spectrum. To demonstrate the utility of our HCVD method for implementation into devices, LEDs were fabricated from InxGa1-xN nanowires epitaxially grown on p-GaN(001). Devices showed blue (x = 0.06), green (x = 0.28), and orange (x = 0.43) electroluminescence, demonstrating electrically driven color tunable emission from this p-n junction.
C1 [Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM p_yang@berkeley.edu
RI Wu, Cheng Hao/C-9565-2014
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences
and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The
work on LED devices is supported by Samsung. We thank the National
Center for Electron Microscopy for the use of their facilities. The
Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology provided the p-GaN used in this
experiment. Special thanks to Tev Kuykendall, Shaul Aloni, and Sarah
Brittman for scientific discussion.
NR 27
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 2
U2 80
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 3970
EP 3976
DI 10.1021/nn200521r
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 767AD
UT WOS:000290826800066
PM 21495684
ER
PT J
AU Suresh, AK
Pelletier, DA
Wang, W
Broich, ML
Moon, JW
Gu, BH
Allison, DP
Joy, DC
Phelps, TJ
Doktycz, MJ
AF Suresh, Anil K.
Pelletier, Dale A.
Wang, Wei
Broich, Michael L.
Moon, Ji-Won
Gu, Baohua
Allison, David P.
Joy, David C.
Phelps, Tommy J.
Doktycz, Mitchel J.
TI Biofabrication of discrete spherical gold nanoparticles using the
metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Biosynthesis; Gold; Hydrophilic; Shewanella; Nanoparticles
ID REDUCTASE-MEDIATED SYNTHESIS; EXTRACELLULAR BIOSYNTHESIS; CDSE
NANOCRYSTALS; SILVER; NANOMATERIALS; TOXICITY; FUNGUS
AB Nanocrystallites have garnered substantial interest due to their various applications, including catalysis and medical research Consequently Important aspects of synthesis related to control of shape and size through economical and non-hazardous means are desirable Highly efficient bioreduction-based fabrication approaches that utilize microbes and/or plant extracts are poised to meet these needs Here we show that the gamma-proteobacterium Shewanella oneidensis can reduce tetrachloroaurate (III) ions to produce discrete extracellular spherical gold nanocrystallites The particles were homogeneously shaped with multiple size distributions and produced under ambient conditions at high yield, 88% theoretical maximum Further characterization revealed that the particles consist of spheres in the size range of similar to 2-50 nm, with an average size of 12 +/- 5 nm The nanoparticles were hydrophilic and resisted aggregation even after several months Based on our experiments, the particles are likely fabricated by the aid of reducing agents present in the bacterial cell membrane and are capped by a detachable protein/peptide coat. Ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectra and transmission electron microscopy measurements confirmed the formation, surface characteristics and crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of these gold nanoparticles was assessed using Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and S oneidensis) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacterial species Toxicity assessments showed that the particles were neither toxic nor inhibitory to any of these bacteria (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Suresh, Anil K.; Pelletier, Dale A.; Broich, Michael L.; Moon, Ji-Won; Phelps, Tommy J.; Doktycz, Mitchel J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wang, Wei; Gu, Baohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Allison, David P.; Joy, David C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Joy, David C.; Doktycz, Mitchel J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Suresh, AK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Zhou, Qinghui/C-8436-2011; Pelletier, Dale/F-4154-2011; Moon,
Ji-Won/A-9186-2011; Wang, Wei/B-5924-2012; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012;
Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011
OI Moon, Ji-Won/0000-0001-7776-6889; Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956;
Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy
(DOE); US DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Division of Scientific User Facilities, US Department of Energy
FX The authors acknowledge support from the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, US Department of Energy (DOE). Oak Ridge
National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US DOE under
contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. A portion of this research was conducted at
the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities,
US Department of Energy
NR 40
TC 66
Z9 71
U1 6
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-7061
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
BP 2148
EP 2152
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.023
PG 5
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 764RH
UT WOS:000290649500024
PM 21241833
ER
PT J
AU Yu, XH
Zhang, JZ
Wang, LP
Ding, ZJ
Jin, CQ
Zhao, YS
AF Yu, Xiaohui
Zhang, Jianzhong
Wang, Liping
Ding, Zejun
Jin, Changqing
Zhao, Yusheng
TI Comparative studies of constitutive properties of nanocrystalline and
bulk iron during compressive deformation
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Nano iron; High pressure; Synchrotron
ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; DISLOCATION NUCLEATION;
MAXIMUM STRENGTH; GRAIN-SIZE; COPPER; DIFFRACTION; DISSIPATION; ENERGY;
NICKEL
AB We present a comparative study of the mechanical properties of body-centered cubic nanocrystalline iron (nano-Fe) and microcrystalline iron (micro-Fe) by in situ high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction under triaxial compression. For nano-Fe with a starting high dislocation density of 10(16) m(-2), the peak broadening is almost reversible upon unloading from 8.6 GPa to atmospheric pressure, indicating that no additional dislocations are built up during compressive deformation inside grains, at grain boundaries or twin boundaries. Furthermore, an orientation-dependent surface strain is found to be stored in the surface layer of the bcc nano-Fe, which is in agreement with the core-shell model of the nanocrystals. For micro-Fe, a significant and continuous peak sharpening and the associated work softening were observed after the sample is yielded at pressures above 2.0 GPa, which can be presumably attributed to a pressure-induced dislocation annihilation. This finding/interpretation supports the hypothesis that the annihilation of dislocations is one of the dominant mechanisms underlying the plastic energy dissipation. The determined yield strength of 2.0 GPa for nano-Fe is more than 15 times higher than that for micro-Fe (0.13 GPa), indicating that the nanoscale grain-size reduction is a substantially more effective strengthening mechanism than conventional carbon infusion in iron. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yu, Xiaohui; Zhang, Jianzhong; Zhao, Yusheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Yu, Xiaohui; Ding, Zejun] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Xiaohui; Jin, Changqing] CAS, Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Liping] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Yu, XH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM xiaohui@lanl.gov; yzhao@lanl.gov
RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012;
OI Zhang, Jianzhong/0000-0001-5508-1782
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NSF [EAR
01-35554]
FX This research is supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is
operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396. The experimental work was carried out at beamline
X17B2 at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brook-haven National
Laboratory, which is supported by the Consortium for Materials
Properties Research in Earth Sciences (COMPRES) under NSF Cooperative
Agreement EAR 01-35554.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 9
BP 3384
EP 3389
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.02.013
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 765GL
UT WOS:000290692600008
ER
PT J
AU Kapoor, R
Rao, VSH
Mishra, RS
Baumann, JA
Grant, G
AF Kapoor, R.
Rao, V. Sree Hari
Mishra, R. S.
Baumann, J. A.
Grant, G.
TI Probabilistic fatigue life prediction model for alloys with defects:
Applied to A206
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Fatigue; Probabilistic life prediction; Friction stir processing; Cast
alloys; Al alloys
ID ALUMINUM-SILICON ALLOYS; HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; CAST-ALUMINUM; CRACK
GROWTH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MG ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR;
INITIATION; POROSITY
AB A model for the prediction of fatigue life based on the statistical distribution of pores, intermetallic particles and grains is presented here. This has been applied to a cast Al alloy A206 before and after friction stir processing (FSP). The model computes the probability of initiating a small crack based on the probability of finding combinations of defects and grains on the surface. Crack initiation and the propagation life of small cracks due to these defect and grain combinations are computed and summed to obtain the total fatigue life. The defect and grain combinations are ranked according to total fatigue life and the failure probability computed. Bending fatigue experiments were carried out on A206 before and after FSP. FSP eliminated the porosity, broke down the particles and refined the microstructure. The model predicted the fatigue life of A206 before and after FSP well. The cumulative probability distribution vs. fatigue life was fitted to a three parameter Weibull distribution function. The scatter reduced after FSP and the fatigue threshold increased. The potential improvement in the fatigue life of A206 for a microstructure consisting of a finer distribution of particle sizes after FSP was predicted using the model. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kapoor, R.; Mishra, R. S.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Frict Stir Proc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Kapoor, R.; Mishra, R. S.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Rao, V. Sree Hari] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math & Stat, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Baumann, J. A.] Boeing Co, St Louis, MO 63166 USA.
[Grant, G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Mishra, RS (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Frict Stir Proc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM rsmishra@mst.edu
RI Mishra, Rajiv/A-7985-2009
OI Mishra, Rajiv/0000-0002-1699-0614
FU NSF-IUCRC; agency of the US Government
FX This work was supported under the NSF-IUCRC grant for Center for
Friction Stir Processing. The additional support of the NSFIIP
(0531019), GM and Friction Stir Link for the Missouri S&T site is
acknowledged. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored
by an agency of the US Government. The views and opinions of the authors
expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the US
Government or any agency thereof. The help of Nilesh Kumar in observing
samples by SEM is acknowledged.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 9
BP 3447
EP 3462
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.02.019
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 765GL
UT WOS:000290692600014
ER
PT J
AU Meltzman, H
Chatain, D
Avizemer, D
Besmann, TM
Kaplan, WD
AF Meltzman, Hila
Chatain, Dominique
Avizemer, Dan
Besmann, Theodore M.
Kaplan, Wayne D.
TI The equilibrium crystal shape of nickel
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface energy; Solid-state dewetting; Surface segregation; Equilibrium
crystal shape; Surface anisotropy
ID SURFACE FREE-ENERGY; GA-RICH LIQUIDS; ADSORPTION TRANSITION; INTERFACIAL
ENERGY; ALLOY CRYSTALS; PB SYSTEM; THERMODYNAMICS; ANISOTROPY;
DIFFUSION; TENSION
AB The crystal shape of Ni particles, dewetted in the solid state on sapphire substrates, was examined as a function of the partial pressure of oxygen (P(O-2)) and iron content using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The chemical composition of the surface was characterized by atom-probe tomography. Unlike other face-centered cubic (fcc) equilibrium crystal shapes, the Ni crystals containing little or no impurities exhibited a faceted shape, indicating large surface anisotropy. In addition to the {1 1 1}, {1 0 0} and {1 1 0} facets, which are usually present in the equilibrium crystal shape of fcc metals, high-index facets were identified such as {1 3 5} and {1 3 8} at low P(O-2), and {0 1 2} and {0 1 3} at higher P(O-2). The presence of iron altered the crystal shape into a truncated sphere with only facets parallel to denser planes. The issue of particle equilibration is discussed specifically for the case of solid-state dewetting. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meltzman, Hila; Avizemer, Dan; Kaplan, Wayne D.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mat Engn, IL-32000 Technion, Haifa, Israel.
[Chatain, Dominique] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM UPR3118, F-13288 Marseille 09, France.
[Besmann, Theodore M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kaplan, WD (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mat Engn, IL-32000 Technion, Haifa, Israel.
EM kaplan@tx.technion.ac.il
RI Kaplan, Wayne/C-9100-2011;
OI Kaplan, Wayne/0000-0001-9202-391X; Chatain,
Dominique/0000-0002-9654-7291
FU United States Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) [2004068];
Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute at the Technion; Israel Ministry
of Science; Ilan Ramon scholarship; Ministry of Science & Technology,
Israel; Ministry of Research, France; European Union
[FP7-NMP-2009-CSA-233484]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge P. Wynblatt for enlightening
discussions. The United States Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF
Grant 2004068) and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute at the
Technion are acknowledged for partial support of this study. Evan
Ohriner of ORNL is thanked for providing high-purity Ni target material.
H.M. acknowledges support from the Women in Science program of the
Israel Ministry of Science and an Ilan Ramon scholarship. D.C. and
W.D.K. acknowledge partial support from the Ministry of Science &
Technology, Israel and the Ministry of Research, France. This document
has been produced with the partial financial assistance of the European
Union as part of the MACAN project as part of the Seventh Framework
Programme (2007-2013) under grant agreement FP7-NMP-2009-CSA-233484.
NR 37
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 9
BP 3473
EP 3483
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.02.021
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 765GL
UT WOS:000290692600016
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JS
LaGrange, T
Reed, BW
Knepper, R
Weihs, TP
Browning, ND
Campbell, GH
AF Kim, J. S.
LaGrange, T.
Reed, B. W.
Knepper, R.
Weihs, T. P.
Browning, N. D.
Campbell, G. H.
TI Direct characterization of phase transformations and morphologies in
moving reaction zones in Al/Ni nanolaminates using dynamic transmission
electron microscopy
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel aluminides; Thin film multilayers; Rapid solidification; Phase
transformations; Dynamic transmission electron microscopy
ID IN-SITU; THIN-FILMS; FOILS; PROPAGATION; VELOCITY; GROWTH; DTEM; PURE;
TEM; AL
AB Phase transformations and transient morphologies are examined as exothermic formation reactions self-propagate across Al/Ni nan-olaminate films. The rapid evolution of these phases and sub-micrometer morphological features requires nanoscale temporal and spatial resolution that is not available with traditional in situ electron microscopy. This work uses dynamic transmission electron microscopy to identify intermetallic products and phase morphologies, as exothermic formation reactions self-propagate in nanolaminate films grown with 3:2, 2:3 and 1:1 Al/Ni atomic ratios. Single-shot diffraction patterns with 15 ns temporal resolution reveal that the NiAl intermetallic forms within similar to 15 ns of the reaction front's arrival in all three types of films and is the only intermetallic phase to form, as the reactions self-propagate and quench very rapidly. Time-resolved imaging reveals a transient cellular morphology in the Al-rich and Ni-rich foils, but not in the equiatomic films. The cellular features in the Al-rich and Ni-rich films are attributed to a cooling trajectory through a two-phase field of liquid + NiAl. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kim, J. S.; LaGrange, T.; Reed, B. W.; Browning, N. D.; Campbell, G. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Kim, J. S.; Browning, N. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Knepper, R.; Weihs, T. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Kim, JS (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PH, England.
EM judy.kim@materials.ox.ac.uk
RI Weihs, Timothy/A-3313-2010; Reed, Bryan/C-6442-2013; Campbell,
Geoffrey/F-7681-2010;
OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [B562528]; US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering; Office of Naval Research
[N00014-07-1-0740]; US DOE; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The authors thank Prof. O. Knio for useful discussions, and Phil Ramsey
and Troy Barbee Jr. for making the Nirich RMLF. Much of this work was
performed while JSK was at the University of California, Davis, and
supported by the Lawrence Scholar program at Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory. TL, BWR, NDB and GHC were supported by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering. RK and TPW were supported by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through Grant Number B562528 and
by the Office of Naval Research through Grant Number N00014-07-1-0740.
This work was performed under the auspices of the US DOE and LLNL under
Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 32
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 9
BP 3571
EP 3580
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.02.030
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 765GL
UT WOS:000290692600024
ER
PT J
AU Han, WZ
Vinogradov, A
Hutchinson, CR
AF Han, W. Z.
Vinogradov, A.
Hutchinson, C. R.
TI On the reversibility of dislocation slip during cyclic deformation of Al
alloys containing shear-resistant particles
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyclic deformation; Slip irreversibility; Hysteresis loop; Precipitation
strengthening; Al alloys
ID STRESS-STRAIN RESPONSE; NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY; PRECIPITATION-HARDENED
ALLOY; FATIGUE-CRACK INITIATION; STRENGTH ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; ATOMIC-FORCE
MICROSCOPY; INTERNAL-STRESSES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; CU
ALLOYS
AB The cyclic deformation behavior of a model Al-4Cu-0.05Sn (wt.%) alloy containing a homogeneous and well-defined distribution of shear-resistant theta' (Al2Cu) precipitate plates was used to study the effect of precipitate state on the cyclic slip irreversibility. The precipitate spacing was controlled so that it was less than the self-trapping distance of dislocations. The cyclic deformation tests were conducted under constant plastic stain amplitude mode and the evolution of the cyclic stress and cyclic hardening rate with cumulative plastic strain were monitored. The deformed and undeformed microstructures were characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The cyclic deformation behavior and the corresponding dislocation structures depend on both precipitate state and imposed plastic strain amplitude. An expression for the cyclic slip irreversibility that explicitly depends on microstructural and deformation parameters was derived based on proposed mechanisms of interaction between the mobile dislocations and the precipitates. The cyclic deformation curve was calculated using the expression for the slip irreversibility and shown to describe most features of the cyclic deformation curves well, as a function of precipitate state and imposed plastic strain amplitude, as well as describing the results of plastic strain amplitude jump tests. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Han, W. Z.; Hutchinson, C. R.] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Engn, ARC Ctr Excellence Design Light Met, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Han, W. Z.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Vinogradov, A.] Osaka City Univ, Dept Intelligent Mat Engn, Osaka 5588585, Japan.
RP Hutchinson, CR (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Mat Engn, ARC Ctr Excellence Design Light Met, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
EM christopher.hutchinson@eng.monash.edu.au
RI Han, Weizhong/C-9963-2011; VINOGRADOV, ALEXEI/A-7175-2009;
OI VINOGRADOV, ALEXEI/0000-0001-9585-2801; Hutchinson,
Christopher/0000-0003-1025-4445
FU Australian Research Council (ARC)
FX This work is supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through
the ARC Centre of Excellence for Design in Light Metals. C.R.H.
gratefully acknowledges the award of a Future Fellowship from the ARC.
The TEM experiments were performed at the Monash Centre for Electron
Microscopy (MCEM). Dr Olivier Bouaziz (Arcelor-Mittal Research) is
gratefully acknowledged for stimulating discussions.
NR 60
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 9
BP 3720
EP 3736
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.03.007
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 765GL
UT WOS:000290692600038
ER
PT J
AU Waychunas, G
AF Waychunas, Glenn
TI Presentation of the Mineralogical Society of America Award for 2010 to
Benjamin Gilbert
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Waychunas, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 1
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U1 0
U2 4
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 96
IS 5-6
BP 946
EP 946
DI 10.2138/am.2011.573
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 764CF
UT WOS:000290605300028
ER
PT J
AU Gilbert, B
AF Gilbert, Benjamin
TI Acceptance of the Mineralogical Society of America Award for 2010
BENJAMIN GILBERT
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gilbert, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Gilbert, Benjamin/E-3182-2010
NR 1
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U1 0
U2 5
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 96
IS 5-6
BP 947
EP 947
DI 10.2138/am.2011.574
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 764CF
UT WOS:000290605300029
ER
PT J
AU Fryer, CL
Heger, A
AF Fryer, C. L.
Heger, A.
TI Forming massive black holes through stellar collapse: Observational
diagnostics
SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN
LA English
DT Article
DE black hole physics; gravitational collaps; neutrinos
ID SUPERNOVAE; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION; STARS
AB Massive black holes are believed to reside in the centers of many galaxies. Their seeds, 1000-100 000 solar mass black holes are believed to have formed during the first epoch of star formation. Observations of X-ray binaries suggest that at least some intermediate mass black holes form at lower redshifts. If so, we may be able to observe these massive collapses. These collapses are very different than normal core-collapse supernovae, however, and observing the collapse of massive stars will require different observing strategies than those used for normal stellar collapse. Unlike supernovae, the collapse of massive stars may not produce any burst of photons and we must be more creative in observing the occurrence of such exotic "outbursts". Here we briefly review the observational prospects of massive star collapse, focusing on the ever-present neutrino signal. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Fryer, C. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Fryer, C. L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Fryer, C. L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Heger, A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Fryer, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS-2,MS D409, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM fryer@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE [DE-SC0002300/FC02-09ER41618]; US Department of
Energy [DE-FG02-87ER40328]
FX Fryer would like to thank the organizers of the XMM meeting on
ultraluminous X-ray sources for bringing together an excellent meeting
discussing the issues of these interesting objects. Much of the work
here was inspired by that meeting. The work by Fryer was carried out in
part under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration
of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory and
supported by Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. Heger has been supported by
the DOE Program for Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing
(SciDAC; DE-SC0002300/FC02-09ER41618), and by the US Department of
Energy under grant DE-FG02-87ER40328.
NR 22
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U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0004-6337
J9 ASTRON NACHR
JI Astro. Nachr.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 332
IS 4
SI SI
BP 408
EP 413
DI 10.1002/asna.201011510
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 764MG
UT WOS:000290633000020
ER
PT J
AU McKechnie, J
Zhang, YM
Ogino, A
Saville, B
Sleep, S
Turner, M
Pontius, R
MacLean, HL
AF McKechnie, Jon
Zhang, Yimin
Ogino, Akifumi
Saville, Brad
Sleep, Sylvia
Turner, Mark
Pontius, Robert
MacLean, Heather L.
TI Impacts of co-location, co-production, and process energy source on life
cycle energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of lignocellulosic ethanol
SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass; poplar; ethanol; bioenergy; co-location; co-product; process
energy
ID LAND-USE CHANGE; PELLET PRODUCTION; BIOFUELS; BIOMASS; SWITCHGRASS;
CONVERSION; ECONOMICS; BENEFITS; POPLAR; STOVER
AB The performance of lignocellulosic ethanol in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fossil energy use when substituting for gasoline depends on production technologies and system decisions, many of which have not been considered in life cycle studies. We investigate ethanol production from short rotation forestry feedstock via an uncatalyzed steam explosion pre-treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis process developed by Mascoma Canada, Inc., and examine a set of production system decisions (co-location, co-production, and process energy options) in terms of their influence on life cycle emissions and energy consumption. All production options are found to reduce emissions and petroleum use relative to gasoline on a well-to-wheel (WTW) basis; GHG reductions vary by production scenario. Land-use-change effects are not included due to a lack of applicable data on short rotation forestry feed-stock. Ethanol production with wood pellet co-product, displacing coal in electricity generation, performs best amongst co-products in terms of GHG mitigation (-109% relative to gasoline, WTW basis). Maximizing pellet output, although requiring import of predominately fossil-based process energy, improves overall GHG-mitigation performance (-130% relative to gasoline, WTW). Similarly, lower ethanol yields result in greater GHG reductions because of increased co-product output. Co-locating ethanol production with facilities exporting excess steam and biomass-based electricity (e.g. pulp mills) achieves the greatest GHG mitigation (-174% relative to gasoline, WTW) by maximizing pellet output and utilizing low-GHG process energy. By exploiting co-location opportunities and strategically selecting co-products, lignocellulosic ethanol can provide large emission reductions, particularly if based upon sustainably grown, high yield, low input feedstocks. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
C1 [McKechnie, Jon; Sleep, Sylvia; MacLean, Heather L.] Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.
[Zhang, Yimin] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
[Ogino, Akifumi] Natl Agr & Food Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Saville, Brad; MacLean, Heather L.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Turner, Mark; Pontius, Robert] Mascoma Canada Inc, Georgetown, ON, Canada.
RP MacLean, HL (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Civil Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada.
EM hmaclean@ecf.utoronto.ca
RI McKechnie, Jon/G-5428-2011;
OI McKechnie, Jon/0000-0001-5656-1649
FU AUTO21 Network Centre of Excellence, Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics
Institute [2009-OGI-ABC-1405]; Mascoma Canada, Inc.; Natural Science and
Engineering Research Council
FX We thank AUTO21 Network Centre of Excellence, Genome Canada and the
Ontario Genomics Institute (2009-OGI-ABC-1405), Mascoma Canada, Inc.,
and the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council for funding
support.
NR 44
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-104X
J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR
JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 3
BP 279
EP 292
DI 10.1002/bbb.286
PG 14
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 763TW
UT WOS:000290583600015
ER
PT J
AU Alia-Klein, N
AF Alia-Klein, Nelly
TI Monoamine Oxidase A and Impulsive Aggression: Gene-brain-behavior
Interactions
SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 66th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Biological-Psychiatry
CY MAY 12-14, 2011
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Biol Psychiat
C1 [Alia-Klein, Nelly] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0006-3223
J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT
JI Biol. Psychiatry
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 69
IS 9
SU S
MA 359
BP 108S
EP 108S
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 764OR
UT WOS:000290641800344
ER
PT J
AU Mirrione, MM
Li, B
Henn, F
AF Mirrione, Martine M.
Li, Bo
Henn, Fritz
TI Lateral Habenula Circuit Activity Following High Frequency Deep Brain
Stimulation
SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 66th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Biological-Psychiatry
CY MAY 12-14, 2011
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Biol Psychiat
C1 [Mirrione, Martine M.; Li, Bo; Henn, Fritz] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA.
[Mirrione, Martine M.; Henn, Fritz] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0006-3223
J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT
JI Biol. Psychiatry
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 69
IS 9
SU S
MA 428
BP 127S
EP 128S
PG 2
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 764OR
UT WOS:000290641800405
ER
PT J
AU Goldstein, RZ
AF Goldstein, Rita Z.
TI Cortical Control of Behavior: A Path to Addiction Recovery?
SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 66th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Biological-Psychiatry
CY MAY 12-14, 2011
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Biol Psychiat
C1 [Goldstein, Rita Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0006-3223
J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT
JI Biol. Psychiatry
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 69
IS 9
SU S
MA 707
BP 213S
EP 213S
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry
GA 764OR
UT WOS:000290641800676
ER
PT J
AU Marchetti, F
AF Marchetti, F.
TI How Do Paternal Life Style and Environmental Exposures Impact on Sperm
and Early Embryos?
SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Marchetti, F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1542-0752
EI 1542-0760
J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A
JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 91
IS 5
SI SI
BP 324
EP 324
PG 1
WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology
SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology
GA 762QQ
UT WOS:000290494900035
ER
PT J
AU Goldston, RJ
Glaser, A
AF Goldston, Robert J.
Glaser, Alexander
TI Inertial confinement fusion energy R&D and nuclear proliferation: The
need for direct and transparent review
SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS
LA English
DT Article
DE inertial confinement fusion; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory;
National Ignition Facility; nuclear energy; nuclear proliferation;
nuclear weapons
AB Proliferation concerns have generally been associated with the acquisition of the fissile material needed for nuclear weapons; however, the spread of the knowledge needed to build very light and powerful weapons that can be carried long distances by missiles is also a serious concern. Such knowledge could accelerate and destabilize regional arms races, and lead to the deployment of powerful weapons able to target the US and its allies. Classified weapons-related information has previously spread through the international effort to harness inertial confinement fusion. Success in achieving net fusion gain in the National Ignition Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory could lead to greatly increased R&D in inertial confinement fusion worldwide, along with increased proliferation risks. The authors write that these issues have not yet been adequately addressed and require direct and transparent examination so that means to mitigate risks can be assessed and residual risks can be balanced against potential benefits.
C1 [Goldston, Robert J.; Glaser, Alexander] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Goldston, Robert J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Goldston, RJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0096-3402
J9 B ATOM SCI
JI Bull. Atom. Scient.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 67
IS 3
SI SI
BP 59
EP 66
DI 10.1177/0096340211407562
PG 8
WC International Relations; Social Issues
SC International Relations; Social Issues
GA 760VI
UT WOS:000290351800008
ER
PT J
AU Yang, ZG
Zhang, JL
Kintner-Meyer, MCW
Lu, XC
Choi, DW
Lemmon, JP
Liu, J
AF Yang, Zhenguo
Zhang, Jianlu
Kintner-Meyer, Michael C. W.
Lu, Xiaochuan
Choi, Daiwon
Lemmon, John P.
Liu, Jun
TI Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid
SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID REDOX FLOW BATTERY; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; SODIUM BETA-ALUMINA;
ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; REGULATED LEAD/ACID BATTERIES; GRAPHITE
ELECTRODE MATERIALS; DIOXIDE POSITIVE ELECTRODE; BROMINE SECONDARY
BATTERY; MODIFIED NAFION MEMBRANE; OXIDIZED CARBON-FIBERS
C1 [Yang, Zhenguo; Zhang, Jianlu; Kintner-Meyer, Michael C. W.; Lu, Xiaochuan; Choi, Daiwon; Lemmon, John P.; Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Yang, ZG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM zgary.yang@pnl.gov
RI Choi, Daiwon/B-6593-2008
FU DOE's Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability (OE), Advanced
Research Program Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), Energy Efficiency & Renewable
Energy (EERE) [57558, 58156, 59808]; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge financial support by DOE's Office
of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability (OE), Advanced Research
Program Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
(EERE) (under Contract Nos. 57558, 58156 and 59808, respectively) as
well as by the Laboratory-Directed Research and Development Program of
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). We are also thankful for
useful discussions with Dr. Imre Gyuk of the DOE-OE Grid Storage Program
and Mr. Tien Duong of the EERE Vehicle Technology Storage Program. PNNL
is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for DOE under
Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 326
TC 1143
Z9 1166
U1 184
U2 1174
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0009-2665
EI 1520-6890
J9 CHEM REV
JI Chem. Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 111
IS 5
BP 3577
EP 3613
DI 10.1021/cr100290v
PG 37
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 761CO
UT WOS:000290373100014
PM 21375330
ER
PT J
AU Colgate, SA
Ziock, H
AF Colgate, Stirling A.
Ziock, Hans
TI A Definition of Information, the Arrow of Information, and its
Relationship to Life
SO COMPLEXITY
LA English
DT Article
DE definition of information; origin of life/information; selection;
reproduction; artificial life
ID MATHEMATICAL-THEORY; COMMUNICATION
AB A new definition of information is proposed that is minimalistic and incorporates a lifetime requirement for conditions, (which we define here) applied to anything that can be considered to be information. The definition explicitly treats a state in thermodynamic equilibrium as an effectively zero information state. The definition includes the absolute requirement of selection for achieving information; the selection criterion being that the information directly or indirectly contributes to its own replication. The definition also explicitly incorporates the Laws of Thermodynamics, the Second Law leading to the requirement for replication. Finally, the definition explains the origin of information and predicts the monotonic increase of information with time. Published 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 16: 54-62, 2011
C1 [Ziock, Hans] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Colgate, Stirling A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Ziock, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Mail Stop D462, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM ziock@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of
Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for this work. They also thank the
reviewers and their colleagues for the suggested and implemented
improvements and clarifications of arguments discussed in this article.
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1076-2787
J9 COMPLEXITY
JI Complexity
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 16
IS 5
BP 54
EP 62
DI 10.1002/cplx.20364
PG 9
WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 765BF
UT WOS:000290677700007
ER
PT J
AU Millett, PC
Tonks, M
AF Millett, Paul C.
Tonks, Michael
TI Phase-field simulations of gas density within bubbles in metals under
irradiation
SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Phase-field simulation; Radiation effects; Gas bubbles
ID KINETICS; GROWTH; ENERGY; VOIDS
AB Phase-field simulations are used to study the evolution of gas density within irradiation-induced bubbles in solids. In our simulations, which use copper as a model material, the dpa rate, gas production rate, and defect diffusivities are systematically varied to understand their effect on bubble nucleation rates, bubble densities, and the distribution of gas concentration within bubbles and in the solid regions. We find that gas densities within bubbles fluctuate drastically in the early nucleation stages, when growth rates are highest, but converge to steady-state values during the later coarsening stages. The steady-state gas densities within bubbles correspond with the ratio of total accumulated vacancy content divided by the total accumulated gas content, in agreement with a thermodynamic analysis concerning free-energy minimization. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Millett, Paul C.; Tonks, Michael] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Millett, PC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM paul.millett@inl.gov
FU US Department of Energy
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge insightful conversations with Anter
El-Azab, as well as financial support from the Nuclear Energy Modeling
and Simulation (NEAMS) program within the US Department of Energy.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0256
J9 COMP MATER SCI
JI Comput. Mater. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 7
BP 2044
EP 2050
DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.02.006
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 764RN
UT WOS:000290650200011
ER
PT J
AU Kim, S
Yan, JL
Schwenzer, B
Zhang, JL
Li, LY
Liu, J
Yang, ZG
Hickner, MA
AF Kim, Soowhan
Yan, Jingling
Schwenzer, Birgit
Zhang, Jianlu
Li, Liyu
Liu, Jun
Yang, Zhenguo (Gary)
Hickner, Michael A.
TI Cycling performance and efficiency of sulfonated poly(sulfone) membranes
in vanadium redox flow batteries (vol 12, pg 1650, 2010)
SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Kim, Soowhan; Schwenzer, Birgit; Zhang, Jianlu; Li, Liyu; Liu, Jun; Yang, Zhenguo (Gary)] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Yan, Jingling; Hickner, Michael A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Kim, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1388-2481
J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN
JI Electrochem. Commun.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 13
IS 5
BP 525
EP 525
DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.04.001
PG 1
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 765XA
UT WOS:000290741500040
ER
PT J
AU Barone, TL
Lall, AA
Storey, JME
Mulholland, GW
Prikhodko, VY
Frankland, JH
Parks, JE
Zachariah, MR
AF Barone, Teresa L.
Lall, Anshuman A.
Storey, John M. E.
Mulholland, George W.
Prikhodko, Vitaly Y.
Frankland, Jennifer H.
Parks, James E.
Zachariah, Michael R.
TI Size-Resolved Density Measurements of Particle Emissions from an
Advanced Combustion Diesel Engine: Effect of Aggregate Morphology
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYZER; MASS ANALYZER; VOLUME DISTRIBUTIONS;
OPERATING-CONDITIONS; ONLINE MEASUREMENT; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
SURFACE-AREA; SOOT; NANOPARTICLES; OXIDATION
AB We report the first in situ size-resolved density measurements of particles produced by premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion and compare these with conventional diesel exhaust particles. The effective densities (rho(eff)) of size-classified particles were determined by measurements with a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM). Particle inherent densities (rho(i)) were calculated using an expression for particle mass given by idealized aggregate (IA) theory, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements of primary particle diameter (d(pp)), and a comparison of the measured number of particles in each size class with that predicted by a proposed DMA-APM response function for aggregates. The rho(eff) of POCI and conventional diesel particles were similar over a range of diameters characteristic of their number-size distributions. The rho(eff) were 0.89, 0.58, and 0.51 g/cm(3) for conventional diesel and 0.90, 0.62, and 0.42 g/cm(3) for PCCI particles with 50, 100, and 150 nm electrical mobility diameters (d(m)), respectively. The error associated with rho(eff) was about one percent of each measurement. The lowest rho(eff) were observed for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) levels somewhat lower than that required for PCCI operation. The pi of 50 and 100 run conventional diesel particles were 1.22 +/- 0.14 and 1.77 +/- 0.29 g/cm(3), which is in good agreement with previously reported values. PCCI A for these size classes did not differ significantly (1.27 +/- 0.16 and 2.10 +/- 0.20 g/cm(3)), suggesting like amounts of adsorbed liquid hydrocarbons. In addition, for 150 nm particles, the PCCI and conventional rho(i) were the same (2.20 +/- 0.34 g/cm(3)). Given the dose density values, we expect that particulate emissions control with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) would not be adversely affected by PCCI particle physical properties.
C1 [Lall, Anshuman A.; Mulholland, George W.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Barone, Teresa L.; Storey, John M. E.; Prikhodko, Vitaly Y.; Parks, James E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
[Frankland, Jennifer H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
[Mulholland, George W.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, 2125 Glenn L Martin Hall,Bldg 088, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mrz@umd.edu
RI Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011
NR 49
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 5
BP 1978
EP 1988
DI 10.1021/ef200084k
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 764SC
UT WOS:000290651900006
ER
PT J
AU Kohn, B
Davis, M
Maciel, GE
AF Kohn, Benjamin
Davis, Mark
Maciel, Gary E.
TI In situ Study of Dilute H2SO4 Pretreatment of C-13-Enriched Poplar Wood,
Using C-13 NMR
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE; WHITE-ROT DECAY; ACID
PRETREATMENT; HIGH-RESOLUTION; LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS; CROSS
POLARIZATION; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION;
SULFURIC-ACID
AB In situ C-13 NMR measurements are reported on C-13-enriched powdered poplar wood that is subjected to pretreatment with 0.5 M sulfuric acid as a function of time and at two temperatures. C-13 MAS (magic-angle spinning) spectra were obtained in both the DP (direct polarization) and CP (cross-polarization) modes, the contrasts in this combination yielding valuable qualitative information on the effect of pretreatment on local molecular mobilities. T-1 values for C-13 and for H-1, as well as T-CH and T-1 rho H, were measured at various stages of treatment with 0.5 M H2SO4 for lignin peaks and for cellulose peaks in the C-13 NMR spectra, as quantitative indicators of the degree of molecular motion for those two structural entities. The results show that a substantial fraction of the solid/semisolid biomass is converted at elevated temperatures to (a) chemically different and more mobile structures and (b) locally similar structures with enhanced atomic-level mobilities and that some fraction of this "mobilized" biomass does not return to the original level of immobility upon cooling the biomass back to room temperature. Analysis of the T-1 results by a rather simple model indicates that, for poplar wood in 0.5% H2SO4, the estimated ("global") motional correlation time (at the multiatom level), tau(c), is in the range of about 0.7-1.5 ns at various stages and temperatures of the treatment.
C1 [Kohn, Benjamin; Maciel, Gary E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Davis, Mark] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Maciel, GE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM gary.maciel@colostate.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this research by U.S.
Department of Energy, the technical assistance of Dr. J. DiVerdi, and
the help of S. Skogerboe of the Fort Collins Nursery fir providing the
young poplar shoots.
NR 63
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 5
BP 2301
EP 2313
DI 10.1021/ef2000213
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 764SC
UT WOS:000290651900043
ER
PT J
AU Leighty, W
Meier, A
AF Leighty, Wayne
Meier, Alan
TI Accelerated electricity conservation in Juneau, Alaska: A study of
household activities that reduced demand 25%
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy efficiency; Electricity price elasticity; Behavior
ID RESIDENTIAL DEMAND
AB An avalanche destroyed the main hydroelectric transmission line to Juneau, Alaska in April, 2008. Diesel-generated electricity was substituted, causing electricity prices to increase 500% for 45 days. Electricity demand fell by 25% during the supply disruption. Most of the reduction occurred before the higher rates were implemented. Some conservation - about 8% of historic consumption - persisted after the transmission line was repaired and prices returned to normal. Consumers reduced energy use through a combination of new habits and technical improvements. A survey of residential consumers indicated that the average household undertook 10 conservation actions, with major changes in lighting, space heating, fuel switching, and water and appliance use. We propose a method for prioritizing conservation actions for promotion according to their impact in electricity savings (as a function of popularity, effectiveness, and persistence) and a dynamic framework for electricity use before, during, and after a supply disruption (i.e., both the magnitude and rates of change in electricity conservation). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Leighty, Wayne] Univ Calif Davis, Inst Transportat Studies, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Meier, Alan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Leighty, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Inst Transportat Studies, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM WayneLeighty@gmail.com; akmeier@lbl.gov
FU Sustainable Transportation Energy Pathways (STEPS) Program; Energy
Efficiency Center at the University of California at Davis
FX The authors would like to thank the sponsors of the Sustainable
Transportation Energy Pathways (STEPS) Program and Energy Efficiency
Center at the University of California at Davis for funding. Gratitude
is also expressed to Scott Willis and Gayle Wood from AEL&P for
electricity use data and helpful review and input throughout this
project, and to two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments. The
views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors
alone and do not necessarily represent those of any sponsoring
organization or outside reviewer.
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 5
BP 2299
EP 2309
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.01.041
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 759JW
UT WOS:000290237600008
ER
PT J
AU Bird, L
Chapman, C
Logan, J
Sumner, J
Short, W
AF Bird, Lori
Chapman, Caroline
Logan, Jeff
Sumner, Jenny
Short, Walter
TI Evaluating renewable portfolio standards and carbon cap scenarios in the
US electric sector
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Renewable portfolio standard; Cap and trade; Policy implementation
AB This report examines the impact of renewable portfolio standards (RPS) and cap-and-trade policy options on the U.S. electricity sector. The analysis uses the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) model that simulates the least-cost expansion of electricity generation capacity and transmission in the U.S. to examine the impact of a variety of emissions caps-and RPS scenarios both individually and combined. The generation mix, carbon emissions, and electricity price are examined for various policy combinations simulated in the modeling. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bird, Lori; Chapman, Caroline; Logan, Jeff; Sumner, Jenny; Short, Walter] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Sumner, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS RSF 100, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM jenny.sumner@nrel.gov
NR 18
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 5
BP 2573
EP 2585
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.02.025
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 759JW
UT WOS:000290237600036
ER
PT J
AU Kyle, P
Kim, SH
AF Kyle, Page
Kim, Son H.
TI Long-term implications of alternative light-duty vehicle technologies
for global greenhouse gas emissions and primary energy demands
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Light-duty vehicles; Transportation emissions mitigation; Integrated
assessment
ID TRANSPORTATION SECTOR; PASSENGER TRANSPORT; LAND-USE; MITIGATION;
FUTURE; EFFICIENCY; COST; N2O
AB This study assesses global light-duty vehicle (LDV) transport in the upcoming century, and the implications of vehicle technology advancement and fuel-switching on greenhouse gas emissions and primary energy demands. Five different vehicle technology scenarios are analyzed with and without a CO2 emissions mitigation policy using the GCAM integrated assessment model: a reference internal combustion engine vehicle scenario, an advanced internal combustion engine vehicle scenario, and three alternative fuel vehicle scenarios in which all LDVs are switched to natural gas, electricity, or hydrogen by 2050. The emissions mitigation policy is a global CO2 emissions price pathway that achieves 450 ppmv CO2 at the end of the century with reference vehicle technologies. The scenarios demonstrate considerable emissions mitigation potential from LDV technology: with and without emissions pricing, global CO2 concentrations in 2095 are reduced about 10 ppmv by advanced ICEV technologies and natural gas vehicles, and 25 ppmv by electric or hydrogen vehicles. All technological advances in vehicles are important for reducing the oil demands of LDV transport and their corresponding CO2 emissions. Among advanced and alternative vehicle technologies, electricity- and hydrogen-powered vehicles are especially valuable for reducing whole-system emissions and total primary energy. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kyle, Page; Kim, Son H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Kyle, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 5825 Univ Res Ct,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM pkyle@pnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, the Electric Power
Research Institute; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from the U.S.
Department of Energy's Office of Science, the Electric Power Research
Institute, and other sponsors of the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory's Global Energy Technology Strategy Program.
NR 55
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 5
BP 3012
EP 3024
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.03.016
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 759JW
UT WOS:000290237600081
ER
PT J
AU Glatz, A
Varlamov, AA
Vinokur, VM
AF Glatz, A.
Varlamov, A. A.
Vinokur, V. M.
TI Quantum fluctuations and dynamic clustering of fluctuating Cooper pairs
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTOR-INSULATOR TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; CONDUCTIVITY;
RESISTANCE; SYSTEMS; PHASE; FILMS
AB We derive the complete expression for the fluctuation conductivity in two-dimensional superconductors as a function of the temperature and the magnetic field in the whole fluctuation region above the upper critical field H-c2(T). Focusing on the vicinity of the quantum phase transition near zero temperature, we propose that as the magnetic field approaches the line near H-c2(0) from above, a peculiar dynamic state consisting of clusters of coherently rotating fluctuation Cooper pairs forms and estimate the characteristic size and lifetime of such clusters. We find the zero-temperature magnetic-field dependence of the transverse magnetoconductivity above H-c2(0) in layered superconductors. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2011
C1 [Glatz, A.; Varlamov, A. A.; Vinokur, V. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Varlamov, A. A.] SPIN, CNR, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
RP Glatz, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM glatz@anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; MIUR;
FP7-IRSES program [246937]
FX We thank YU. GALPERIN, M. KARTSOVNIK, A. KOSHELEV, M. NORMAN for useful
discussions, and T. BATURINA for discussions initiating this work. The
work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
under the Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. AAV acknowledges support of
the MIUR under the project PRIN 2008 and FP7-IRSES program "SIMTECH",
contract No. 246937.
NR 21
TC 8
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U1 1
U2 7
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 4
AR 47005
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/94/47005
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 765OT
UT WOS:000290718900023
ER
PT J
AU Mashnik, SG
AF Mashnik, S. G.
TI Validation and verification of MCNP6 against intermediate and
high-energy experimental data and results by other codes
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
LA English
DT Article
ID 400 GEV PROTONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; BACKWARD PRODUCTION; NUCLEAR
COLLISIONS; FRAGMENTATION; SPECTRA; AU-197; PIONS; IONS
AB MCNP6, the latest and most advanced LANL transport code representing a recent merger of MCNP5 and MCNPX, has been Validated and Verified (V&V) against a variety of intermediate and high-energy experimental data and against results by different versions of MCNPX and other codes. In the present work, we V&V MCNP6 using mainly the latest modifications of the Cascade-Exciton Model (CEM) and of the Los Alamos version of the Quark-Gluon String Model (LAQGSM) event generators CEM03.03 and LAQGSM03.03. We found that MCNP6 describes reasonably well various reactions induced by particles and nuclei at incident energies from 18 MeV to about 1 TeV per nucleon measured on thin and thick targets and agrees very well with similar results obtained with MCNPX and calculations by CEM03.03, LAQGSM03.03 (03.01), INCL4 + ABLA, and Bertini INC + Dresner evaporation, EPAX, ABRABLA, HIPSE, and AMD, used as stand-alone codes. Most of several computational bugs and more serious physics problems observed in MCNP6/X during our V&V have been fixed; we continue our work to solve all the known problems before MCNP6 is distributed to the public.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mashnik, SG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Monte Carlo Codes XCP 3,MS A143, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mashnik@lanl.gov
FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Defense
Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
FX I am grateful to my LANL colleagues, Drs. F. Brown, J. Bull, T. Goorley,
G. Hughes, M. James, R. Martz, R. Prael, A. Sierk, and L. Waters as well
as to F. Gallmeier and W. Lu of ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN, USA, and to K.
Gudima of the Academy of Science of Moldova, for useful discussions,
help, and/or for correcting some of the MCNP6/X bugs I have detected
during the current V&V work. I thank Drs. V. Belyakov-Bodin, M.
Hagiwara, Y. Miake, S. Nagamiya, P. Napolitani, M. Nortier, Y. Uozumi,
and J. Weidner for sending me their publications and/or files with
numerical values of their experimental data I used in my V&V work. It is
a pleasure to acknowledge Drs. F. Gallmeier, M. Hagiwara, A. Krasa, W.
Lu, M. Majerle, and I. Remec for sending me their MCNPX calculations
included in my comparisons. This work was carried out under the auspices
of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department
of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396 with funding from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
(DTRA).
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U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 2190-5444
J9 EUR PHYS J PLUS
JI Eur. Phys. J. Plus
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 126
IS 5
AR 49
DI 10.1140/epjp/i2011-11049-1
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 768LP
UT WOS:000290936500004
ER
PT J
AU Colotelo, AH
Cooke, SJ
AF Colotelo, Alison H.
Cooke, Steven J.
TI Evaluation of common angling-induced sources of epithelial damage for
popular freshwater sport fish using fluorescein
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Angling; Epithelial injury; Fluorescein; Catch-and-release
ID CATCH-AND-RELEASE; BARRAMUNDI LATES-CALCARIFER; JUVENILE LARGEMOUTH
BASS; SAPROLEGNIA-PARASITICA; RAINBOW-TROUT; BLACK BASS; HOOK TYPE;
MORTALITY; INJURY; CONSERVATION
AB Angling is a popular recreational activity across the globe and a large proportion of fish captured by anglers are released due to voluntary or mandatory catch-and-release practices. The handling associated with hook removal and return of the fish to their environment can cause physical damage to the epidermal layer of the fish which may affect the condition and survival of released fish. This study investigated possible sources of epithelial damage associated with several different handling methods (i.e., landing net types, interactions with different boat floor surfaces, tournament procedures) commonly used in recreational angling for two popular freshwater sport fish species, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and northern pike (Esox lucius). Epithelial damage was examined using fluorescein, a non-toxic dye, which has been shown to detect latent epithelial damage. Northern pike exhibited extensive epithelial damage after exposure to several of the induced treatments (i.e., interaction with a carpeted surface, knotted nylon net, and line rolling) but relatively little epithelial damage when exposed to others (i.e., knotless rubber nets, smooth boat surfaces, or lip gripping devices). Largemouth bass did not show significant epithelial damage for any of the treatments, with the exception of fish caught in a semi-professional live release tournament. The detection of latent injuries using fluorescein can be an important management tool as it provides visual examples of potential damage that can be caused by different handling methods. Such visualizations can be used to encourage fish-friendly angler behaviour and enhance the survival and welfare of released fish. It can also be used to test new products that are intended to or claim to reduce injury to fish that are to be released. Future research should evaluate the relationship between different levels of epithelial damage and mortality across a range of environmental conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Colotelo, Alison H.] Carleton Univ, Ottawa Carleton Inst Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
RP Colotelo, AH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM alisoncolotelo@gmail.com
RI Cooke, Steven/F-4193-2010
OI Cooke, Steven/0000-0002-5407-0659
FU Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Ontario Ministry of Natural
Resources
FX This work was supported by the Ontario Ministry of Research and
Innovation through the Early Researcher Award Program and by the Ontario
Ministry of Natural Resources. Additional support was provided by the
Canada Research Chairs Program. We thank Emily Fobert, Jake Davis, Rana
Sunder, Liane Nowell, Sam Wilson and Alex Nagrodski for their assistance
in the field. Research permits were provided by the Ontario Ministry of
Natural Resources, and animal care approvals were granted by Carleton
University and Queen's University on behalf of the Canadian Council for
Animal Care. Andy Danylchuk, Gabriel Blouin-Demers, and several
anonymous referees kindly provided comments on an earlier version of the
manuscript.
NR 41
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U1 7
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 2-3
BP 217
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2010.12.005
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 765HC
UT WOS:000290695100001
ER
PT J
AU Calderone, PJ
Banerjee, D
Borkowski, LA
Parise, JB
AF Calderone, Paul J.
Banerjee, Debasis
Borkowski, Lauren A.
Parise, John B.
TI A magnesium-lithium heterometallic coordination network
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal-organic frameworks; Heterometallic coordination polymers; S-block
metals; Lightweight metal centers
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; GAS-ADSORPTION;
POLYMER; SUBSTITUTION
AB A three-dimensional magnesium-lithium coordination network, Mg(2)Li(BTC) (HBTC)(DMF)(2), (1) (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate; DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide), the first example of a mixed-metal Mg-Li coordination network, is synthesized using solvothermal techniques. Structural characterization was completed using single crystal x-ray techniques while thermal properties and surface area measurements were conducted by thermogravimetric and BET analysis, respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Calderone, Paul J.; Banerjee, Debasis; Parise, John B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Borkowski, Lauren A.; Parise, John B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Parise, John B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci Earth & Space Sci Bldg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Parise, John B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Light Source Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Banerjee, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, 255 ESS,Room 343, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM debasis.banerjee@stonybrook.edu
RI Banerjee, Debasis/B-2439-2008
FU Division of Materials Research of the National Science Foundation
[DMR-0800415]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0840483]
FX The synthesis and characterization work (PJC, DB, LAB) is funded by the
Division of Materials Research of the National Science Foundation, grant
number DMR-0800415 (JBP). Crystal structure was determined with the use
of the Stony Brook University single crystal diffractometer, obtained
through the support of the National Science Foundation grant
CHE-0840483. We thank Alex Smirnov and Martin Schoonen (SBU Geosciences)
for facilities used in BET analysis and Paul M. Forster (UNLV,
Chemistry) for consultation regarding crystal structure solution.
NR 23
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U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-7003
J9 INORG CHEM COMMUN
JI Inorg. Chem. Commun.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 5
BP 741
EP 744
DI 10.1016/j.inoche.2011.02.025
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 762FR
UT WOS:000290460800032
ER
PT J
AU Auciello, O
Dey, S
de Araujo, CP
AF Auciello, Orlando
Dey, Sandwip
de Araujo, Carlos Paz
TI Preface to ISIF 2009 Special Issue of Journal of Applied Physics:
Science and Technology of Integrated Functionalities
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Auciello, Orlando] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Auciello, Orlando] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Dey, Sandwip] Arizona State Univ, Ira A Fulton Sch Engn, Dept Elect Engn, Sch Mat, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
[de Araujo, Carlos Paz] Symetrix Corp, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA.
RP Auciello, O (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Av Lemont, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 091501
DI 10.1063/1.3581039
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500001
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JL
Ravichandran, G
Reinhart, WD
Trott, WM
AF Brown, J. L.
Ravichandran, G.
Reinhart, W. D.
Trott, W. M.
TI High pressure Hugoniot measurements using converging shocks
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALUMINUM; COPPER; VELOCITIES; TANTALUM; WAVES; FLOW
AB Plate impact experiments are a powerful tool in equation of state development, but are inherently limited by the range of impact velocities accessible to the facility. In an effort to dramatically increase the range of pressures which can be studied with available impact velocities, a new experimental technique is examined. The target plate is replaced by a composite assembly consisting of two concentric cylinders. The target is designed such that the initial shock velocity in a well-characterized outer cylinder is higher than in the inner cylinder material of interest. Conically converging shocks will be generated at the interface due to the impedance mismatch between the two materials and axisymmetric geometry. Upon convergence, an irregular reflection occurs and the conical analog of a Mach reflection develops. This Mach reflection grows until it reaches a steady state, at which point the high pressure state in the Mach disk can be measured using velocity interferometry and impedance matching techniques. The technique is demonstrated by studying the shock response of copper. A strong confinement setup utilizes a low impedance 6061-T6 aluminum outer cylinder and the weak confinement case features a higher impedance molybdenum outer cylinder. The experimental results for copper are in good agreement with a simple analytical model, numerical simulations, and data in the literature. The possibility of utilizing full field measurements to make multiple Hugoniot measurements is also examined. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3590140]
C1 [Brown, J. L.; Ravichandran, G.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Reinhart, W. D.; Trott, W. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Brown, JL (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM jlbrown@caltech.edu
FU Caltech Center for the Predictive Modeling and Simulation of High-Energy
Density Dynamic Response of Materials through the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-FC52-08NA28613]
FX The research support provided by the Caltech Center for the Predictive
Modeling and Simulation of High-Energy Density Dynamic Response of
Materials through the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract No.
DE-FC52-08NA28613, is gratefully acknowledged. We would also like to
acknowledge Tom Thornhill, John Martinez, and Rocky Palomino from Sandia
National Laboratories for their technical support in conducting the
experiments done at the STAR facility. We thank Professor Hans Hornung
for helpful discussions regarding the shock polar analysis, Dr. Dennis
Grady for helpful discussions, and Dr. Lalit Chhabildas for his
suggestions on shaping the Mach wave.
NR 34
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U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 093520
DI 10.1063/1.3590140
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500055
ER
PT J
AU Chen, AQ
Deutsch, M
AF Chen, Aiqing
Deutsch, Miriam
TI Tunable asymmetric reflectance in silver films near the percolation
threshold
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GOLD-FILMS; CELLS
AB We report on the optical characterization of semicontinuous nanostructured silver films exhibiting tunable optical reflectance asymmetries. The films are obtained using a multi-step process, where a nanocrystalline silver film is first chemically deposited on a glass substrate and then subsequently coated with additional silver via thermal vacuum-deposition. The resulting films exhibit reflectance asymmetries whose dispersions may be tuned both in sign and in magnitude, as well as a universal, tunable spectral crossover point. We obtain a correlation between the optical response and charge transport in these films, with the spectral crossover point indicating the onset of charge percolation. Such broadband, dispersion-tunable asymmetric reflectors may find uses in future light-harvesting systems. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3585873]
C1 [Chen, Aiqing; Deutsch, Miriam] Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
RP Chen, AQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM miriamd@uoregon.edu
FU NSF [DMR-02-39273, DMR-08-04433]; ONAMI ONR
FX We thank K. Hasegawa for helpful discussions. This work was supported by
NSF Grants DMR-02-39273 and DMR-08-04433, and ONAMI ONR.
NR 21
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U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 093524
DI 10.1063/1.3585873
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500059
ER
PT J
AU Dinh, LN
Mayer, BP
Maiti, A
Chinn, SC
Maxwell, RS
AF Dinh, L. N.
Mayer, B. P.
Maiti, A.
Chinn, S. C.
Maxwell, R. S.
TI Molecular weight distributions of irradiated siloxane-based elastomers:
A complementary study by statistical modeling and multiple quantum
nuclear magnetic resonance
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THEORETICAL DEPOLYMERIZATION KINETICS; INDUCED CROSS-LINKING;
HIGH-ENERGY RADIATION; SILICONE-RUBBER; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE) NETWORK;
GAMMA-RADIATION; MQ-NMR; POLYMERS; POLYSILOXANE; DEGRADATION
AB The statistical methodology of population balance (PB) has been applied in order to predict the effects of cross-linking and chain-scissioning induced by ionizing radiation on the distribution of molecular weight between cross-links (MWBC) of a siloxane-based elastomer. Effective molecular weight distributions were extracted from the quantification of residual dipolar couplings via multiple quantum nuclear magnetic resonance (MQ-NMR) measurements and are taken to reflect actual MWBC distributions. The PB methodology is then applied to the unirradiated MWBC distribution and considers both chain-scissioning and the possibility of the formation of three types of cross-links: random recombination of scissioned-chain ends (end-linking), random covalent bonds of free radicals on scissioned-chain ends (Y-cross-linking), and the formation of random cross-links from free radicals on side groups (H-cross-linking). The qualitative agreement between the statistical modeling approach and the NMR data confirms that it is possible to predict trends for the evolution of the distribution of MWBC of polymers under irradiation. The approach described herein can also discern heterogeneities in radiation effects in different structural motifs in the polymer network. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3587169]
C1 [Dinh, L. N.; Mayer, B. P.; Maiti, A.; Chinn, S. C.; Maxwell, R. S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Dinh, LN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,Mail Stop L-091, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM dinh1@llnl.gov
RI Chinn, Sarah/E-1195-2011
NR 29
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U1 4
U2 20
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 094905
DI 10.1063/1.3587169
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500132
ER
PT J
AU Nagayama, T
Mancini, RC
Florido, R
Tommasini, R
Koch, JA
Delettrez, JA
Regan, SP
Smalyuk, VA
AF Nagayama, T.
Mancini, R. C.
Florido, R.
Tommasini, R.
Koch, J. A.
Delettrez, J. A.
Regan, S. P.
Smalyuk, V. A.
TI Processing of spectrally resolved x-ray images of inertial confinement
fusion implosion cores recorded with multimonochromatic x-ray imagers
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DRIVE IMPLOSIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; ABSORPTION; DIAGNOSIS;
PROFILES; IGNITION; PLASMAS; GAIN
AB We discuss the processing of data recorded with multimonochromatic x-ray imagers (MMI) in inertial confinement fusion experiments. The MMI records hundreds of gated, spectrally resolved images that can be used to unravel the spatial structure of the implosion core. In particular, we present a new method to determine the centers in all the array of images, a better reconstruction technique of narrowband implosion core images, two algorithms to determine the shape and size of the implosion core volume based on reconstructed broadband images recorded along three-quasiorthogonal lines of sight, and the removal of artifacts from the space-integrated spectra. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3580513]
C1 [Nagayama, T.; Mancini, R. C.; Florido, R.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Tommasini, R.; Koch, J. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Delettrez, J. A.; Regan, S. P.; Smalyuk, V. A.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
RP Nagayama, T (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM taisuke@unr.edu
RI Florido, Ricardo/H-5513-2015; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009
OI Florido, Ricardo/0000-0001-7428-6273; Tommasini,
Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565
FU DOE/NLUF [DE-FG52-09NA29042]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was supported by DOE/NLUF Grant No. DE-FG52-09NA29042 and by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 30
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U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 093303
DI 10.1063/1.3580513
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500030
ER
PT J
AU Tinberg, DS
Johnson-Wilke, RL
Fong, DD
Fister, TT
Streiffer, SK
Han, YS
Reaney, IM
Trolier-McKinstry, S
AF Tinberg, Daniel S.
Johnson-Wilke, Raegan L.
Fong, Dillon D.
Fister, Timothy T.
Streiffer, Stephen K.
Han, Yisong
Reaney, Ian M.
Trolier-McKinstry, Susan
TI Octahedral tilt transitions in relaxed epitaxial Pb(Zr(1-x)Ti(x))O(3)
films
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; SOLID-SOLUTION SYSTEM; FERROELECTRIC
THIN-FILMS; THERMODYNAMIC THEORY; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES;
NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; PHASE-DIAGRAM; X-RAY; PEROVSKITES; BEHAVIOR
AB Relaxed epitaxial {100}(pc) and {111}(pc) oriented films (350 nm) of Pb(Zr(1-x)Ti(x))O(3) (0.2 <= x <= 0.4) on SrRuO(3)/SrTiO(3) substrates were grown by pulsed laser deposition and studied using high resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The dielectric behavior and ferroelectric phase transition temperatures of the films were consistent with bulk PZT. However, weak 1/2{311}(pc) reflections in x-ray diffraction profiles were recorded above bulk T(Tilt) (as indicated in the Jaffe, Cooke, and Jaffe phase diagram, where pc denotes pseudocubic indices). Moreover, anomalies in the dielectric and ferroelectric response were detected above TTilt which are explained by coupling of short coherence or weakly tilted regions to the ferroelectric polarization. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3580328]
C1 [Tinberg, Daniel S.; Johnson-Wilke, Raegan L.; Trolier-McKinstry, Susan] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Fong, Dillon D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Fister, Timothy T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Streiffer, Stephen K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Han, Yisong; Reaney, Ian M.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
RP Tinberg, DS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM rlj12@psu.edu
OI Trolier-McKinstry, Susan/0000-0002-7267-9281
FU Engineering and Physical Science Research Council UK [EP/D067049/1G];
National Science Foundation (Materials World Network) [DMR-0602770]; U.
S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Financial support for this work is provided by the Engineering and
Physical Science Research Council UK (EP/D067049/1G) and by the National
Science Foundation (Materials World Network, DMR-0602770). Research at
Argonne and use of the Advanced Photon Source and Center for Nanoscale
Materials were supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. D. Tinberg would like to thank Dr. Jenia Karapetrova
and Peter Baldo at Argonne National Laboratory for assisting in setting
up the synchrotron diffraction experiments. Y. Han would like to thank
Professors Paula Vilarinho and Augusto Lopes at the University of
Aveiro, Portugal, and Dr. Alan Harvey at the University of Manchester
for providing the TEM facilities for performing the low and high
temperature experiments, respectively.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 27
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 094104
DI 10.1063/1.3580328
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500093
ER
PT J
AU Yamada, T
Kamo, T
Funakubo, H
Su, D
Iijima, T
AF Yamada, Tomoaki
Kamo, Takafumi
Funakubo, Hiroshi
Su, Dong
Iijima, Takashi
TI Strong growth orientation dependence of strain relaxation in epitaxial
(Ba,Sr)TiO3 films and the resulting dielectric properties
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 21st International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics and
Functionalities
CY SEP 27-30, 2009
CL Colorado Springs, CO
ID SRTIO3 THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC-FILMS; MISFIT RELAXATION;
INTERNAL-STRESSES
AB The growth orientation dependence of strain relaxation and the dielectric properties were investigated for (001)- and (111)-epitaxial (Ba,Sr)TiO3 films. The films were deposited on SrRuO3/SrTiO3 and SrTiO3 substrates using rf magnetron sputtering. The residual strain was found to be remarkably different between the two orientations, although these lattice mismatches are identical; the strain relaxation of the (001)-epitaxial films is significantly slower than that of the (111)-epitaxial films and is promoted only when the growth rate is very low (<= 5 nm/h). The observed orientation dependence is discussed with the surface energy for both growth orientations, which influences the growth mode of the films. Due to the large contrast of the strain in the (001)- and (111)-epitaxial films, the paraelectric to ferroelectric phase transition temperature of the (001)-epitaxial films is much higher than that of unstrained bulks, while the (111)-epitaxial films show a phase transition temperature corresponding to that of unstrained bulks regardless of the growth rates. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3581203]
C1 [Yamada, Tomoaki; Kamo, Takafumi; Funakubo, Hiroshi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Innovat & Engn Mat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268502, Japan.
[Su, Dong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Iijima, Takashi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Hydrogen Ind Use & Storage, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan.
RP Yamada, T (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Dept Mat Phys & Energy Engn, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan.
EM t-yamada@nucl.nagoya-u.ac.jp
RI Yamada, Tomoaki/I-6538-2014; Su, Dong/A-8233-2013
OI Yamada, Tomoaki/0000-0001-5790-9029; Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 109
IS 9
AR 091605
DI 10.1063/1.3581203
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 763VT
UT WOS:000290588500006
ER
PT J
AU Gil, GC
Brennan, J
Throckmorton, DJ
Branda, SS
Chirica, GS
AF Gil, Geun-Cheol
Brennan, Jim
Throckmorton, Dan J.
Branda, Steven S.
Chirica, Gabriela S.
TI Automated analysis of mouse serum peptidome using restricted access
media and nanoliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL
AND LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Proteomics; Peptidomics; Serum; Mouse; Restricted access media; LC-MSMS;
On-line processing; Automation
ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PROTEINS; HUMAN PLASMA PROTEOME; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
BIOMARKER DISCOVERY; ENDOGENOUS PEPTIDES; SAMPLE PREPARATION;
STATISTICAL-MODEL; NEUROPEPTIDES; EXTRACTION; ENRICHMENT
AB We demonstrate use of restricted access media with reversed phase functionality (RAM-RP) for analysis of low molecular weight proteins and peptides in mouse serum (75 mu l) using a custom designed modular automated processing system (MAPS). RAM-RP fractionation with simultaneous removal of high molecular weight and high abundance proteins is integrated with a follow-on buffer exchange module (BE) to ensure compatibility with subsequent processing steps (trypsin digestion and intact peptide separation prior to mass spectrometric analysis). The high sample capacity afforded by chromatographic methods generates enough sample to achieve comprehensive serum peptidome identification (357 proteins) through tandem mass spectrometric analysis of both intact and digested peptides. Sample losses during transfer between modules are minimized through precise fluidic control; no clogging occurred over several months of serum processing in our low back pressure system. Computer controlled operation of both modules and thorough optimization yield excellent run-to-run reproducibility and protein/peptide overlap in analytical repeats. The robustness of our results demonstrate that the RAM-RP-BE workflow executed on our MAPS platform shows tremendous potential for high throughput peptidome processing, particularly with regard to direct analysis of small-volume serum samples. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gil, Geun-Cheol; Brennan, Jim; Throckmorton, Dan J.; Branda, Steven S.; Chirica, Gabriela S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Syst Biol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Chirica, GS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Syst Biol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM gschiri@sandia.gov
FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development
(LDRD) program in Sandia National Laboratories which is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-0232
J9 J CHROMATOGR B
JI J. Chromatogr. B
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 879
IS 15-16
BP 1112
EP 1120
DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.03.028
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 764PW
UT WOS:000290645400013
PM 21478059
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, J
Jackson, TL
Buckmaster, J
Najjar, F
AF Zhang, Ju
Jackson, Thomas L.
Buckmaster, John
Najjar, Fady
TI Erosion in Solid-Propellant Rocket Motor Nozzles with Unsteady
Nonuniform Inlet Conditions
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 45th Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit
CY AUG 02-08, 2009
CL Denver, CO
SP AIAA, ASME, SAE, ASEE
ID HETEROGENEOUS PROPELLANT; SIMULATION; GRAPHITE; PREDICTION; SCHEMES
AB A computational framework is developed to investigate nozzle erosion in solid-propellant rocket motors. The calculations have several novel features. Among these is an accounting of three-dimensional effects, most strikingly for a vectored nozzle but also in the description of the turbulent flow. Also, instead of the hitherto universal strategy of merely solving the nozzle flow with uniform inlet conditions, strategies by which the chamber flow with its nonuniform efflux can be coupled to the nozzle flow while still resolving the nozzle boundary layer are discussed. The chamber flow is approximated by either full motor simulations, which do not resolve the boundary layer, or by an asymptotic strategy valid for slender chambers: one first used in turbulent boundary-layer studies. The manner in which the chamber efflux conditions are used as nozzle inlet conditions is part of the discussion. The results suggest that specifying turbulent rather than uniform inlet conditions can have a significant effect on nozzle erosion.
C1 [Zhang, Ju; Jackson, Thomas L.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Buckmaster, John] Buckmaster Res, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Najjar, Fady] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM juzhang@illinois.edu; tlj@illinois.edu; najjar2@llnl.gov
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 3
BP 642
EP 649
DI 10.2514/1.47158
PG 8
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA 766ZT
UT WOS:000290825800012
ER
PT J
AU Chung, CW
Popovics, JS
Struble, LJ
AF Chung, Chul-Woo
Popovics, John S.
Struble, Leslie J.
TI Flocculation and sedimentation in suspensions using ultrasonic wave
reflection
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS; ALUMINA SUSPENSIONS; DENSITY; ATTENUATION;
BEHAVIOR
AB This work was undertaken to help understand and interpret the ultrasonic wave reflection response of Portland cement paste as it transforms from a fluid-like suspension to a solid in the first hours after mixing. A high impact polystyrene buffer (delay line) was used to measure small changes in the P-and S-wave reflection coefficients. Two materials were studied: a non-hydrating colloidal alumina suspension whose microstructure was manipulated between dispersed and flocculated states by adjusting the pH and a coarse silica suspension that readily sedimented. The S-wave reflection coefficient clearly distinguished between dispersed and flocculated states. Sedimentation of particles in dispersed suspensions was distinguished using the P-wave reflection coefficient. Based on these findings, the observed P-and S-wave responses from hydrating Portland cement paste are interpreted in terms of flocculation and sedimentation processes. (C) 2011 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI:10.1121/1.3569730]
C1 [Popovics, John S.; Struble, Leslie J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Chung, Chul-Woo] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiol Mat & Technol Dev Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Popovics, JS (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM johnpop@illinois.edu
FU Center for Advanced Cement Based Materials (ACBM)
FX The authors appreciate assistance provided by Ms. Miao, a Ph.D. student
at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, who performed the rheology tests
reported here. These tests were carried out in the laboratory of Prof.
C. F. Zukoski at the University of Illinois. In addition, the authors
are grateful to Mr. Alan Sakaguchi, Inabata America Corporation, for
providing alumina powders. Support from the Center for Advanced Cement
Based Materials (ACBM) enabled the purchase of some experimental
equipment used in this work.
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 8
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 129
IS 5
BP 2944
EP 2951
DI 10.1121/1.3569730
PG 8
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 762CR
UT WOS:000290450400028
PM 21568397
ER
PT J
AU Sun, T
Borrasso, A
Liu, B
Dravid, V
AF Sun, Tao
Borrasso, Andrew
Liu, Bin
Dravid, Vinayak
TI Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Zinc Manganese Ferrite
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MN-ZN FERRITES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CONTRAST AGENTS; GRAIN-SIZE;
NANOPARTICLES; SUBSTITUTION; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; MECHANISM; FILMS
AB ZnxMn1-xFe2O4 is a prototypical soft magnetic material, and commonly used for high-frequency applications due to its low power loss and high permeability and resistivity. Various wet chemistry routes have been developed for synthesizing ZnxMn1-xFe2O4; however, multistep procedures are usually involved in these methods, making them complex in implementation. Here, we use a facile chelate method to prepare ZnxMn1-xFe2O4 sol precursor for fabricating both fine powders and nanocrystalline thin films. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy techniques are used to characterize the microstructure and composition of as-synthesized ZnxMn1-xFe2O4, and superconducting quantum interface device is used to measure their magnetic properties. The investigation of powders with different Zn/Mn cation concentration indicates that the saturation magnetization is determined by the content parameter x; while the coercive field is closely correlated to the crystal size. Further, Zn0.4Mn0.6Fe2O4 thin films were deposited using spin-coating technique, and annealed at different temperatures to study the formation of the impurity phase.
C1 [Sun, Tao; Liu, Bin; Dravid, Vinayak] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Sun, Tao; Borrasso, Andrew; Liu, Bin; Dravid, Vinayak] Northwestern Univ, Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Borrasso, Andrew] Kenyon Coll, Dept Phys, Gambier, OH 43022 USA.
RP Sun, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM suntao@northwest-ern.edu; v-dravid@northwestern.edu
RI Dravid, Vinayak/B-6688-2009
FU DOE [DE-F602-07ER46444]; NSF-NSEC; NSF-MRSEC; State of Illinois;
Northwestern University; National Science Foundation at the Materials
Research Center of Northwestern University [DMR-0520513]
FX This research work was partially supported by DOE under Contract No.
DE-F602-07ER46444, and NSF-NSEC Research Experience for Undergraduates
program.; The SEM and TEM experiments were performed in the EPIC
facility of the NUANCE Center at Northwestern University. The NUANCE
Center is supported by NSF-NSEC, NSF-MRSEC, the State of Illinois, and
Northwestern University. This work made use of the J. B. Cohen XRD
facility supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science
Foundation (DMR-0520513) at the Materials Research Center of
Northwestern University.
NR 39
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0002-7820
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 5
BP 1490
EP 1495
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.04265.x
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 763CE
UT WOS:000290530200035
ER
PT J
AU Grippo, MA
Fleeger, JW
Dubois, SF
Condrey, R
AF Grippo, Mark A.
Fleeger, John W.
Dubois, Stanislas F.
Condrey, Richard
TI Spatial variation in basal resources supporting benthic food webs
revealed for the inner continental shelf
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSES; PARTICULATE ORGANIC-MATTER;
C-13 ENRICHMENT; FEEDING ECOLOGY; NORTH-CAROLINA; CARBON RATIOS; MARINE;
SEDIMENTS; BAY
AB We used stable isotopes to examine the relative importance of phytodetritus and microphytobenthos (MPB) in supporting benthic food webs on the Louisiana continental shelf. Primary producers and macroinfauna were collected from Ship Shoal (SS), a submerged, sandy, barrier island where sediment-associated algae are primarily MPB and from silty, off-shoal areas where sediment-associated algae are primarily phytodetritus or a mixture of the two resources. Macroinfauna, as individual taxa and trophic guilds, were significantly more enriched in C-13 on SS indicating greater dependence on MPB, which is enriched in C-13 compared to phytoplankton. Using delta C-13 in a two-source mixing model, the estimated MPB dietary contribution for SS macroinfauna averaged across trophic guilds, ranged from 53.4% to 83.0%, depending on the mixing-model end-members used, and 5 of 14 taxa had lower 95% confidence intervals (CI) > 20%, indicating that MPB was a primary resource for most SS macroinfauna. Off-shoal, the dietary contribution of MPB ranged from 14.5% to 47.7% and most taxa had a lower CI near 0%. Settled phytoplankton are the primary microalgal food source in muddy sediments, but the importance of MPB increases in more sandy sediments where MPB are the predominant microalgal resource. Sandy shoals play a unique food-web role in deltaic shelf systems and support benthic food webs on the continental shelf.
C1 [Grippo, Mark A.; Fleeger, John W.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Dubois, Stanislas F.] IFREMER, Technopole Brest Iroise, Lab Ecol Benth, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
[Condrey, Richard] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Grippo, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bldg 240, Argonne, IL USA.
EM mgrippo@anl.gov
RI Dubois, Stanislas/F-2939-2010; Fleeger, John/A-6215-2013
FU U.S. Department of Interior Minerals Management Services
[1435-01-04-CA-35162]; Louisiana Department of Natural Resources
[2513-04-02/613082]
FX This study was jointly funded by the U.S. Department of Interior
Minerals Management Services (contract No. 1435-01-04-CA-35162) and by
the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources (contract No.
2513-04-02/613082).
NR 67
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 56
IS 3
BP 841
EP 856
DI 10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.0841
PG 16
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 765BJ
UT WOS:000290678100007
ER
PT J
AU Susac, A
Ilmoniemi, RJ
Ranken, D
Supek, S
AF Susac, Ana
Ilmoniemi, Risto J.
Ranken, Doug
Supek, Selma
TI Face activated neurodynamic cortical networks
SO MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetoencephalography; Spatio-temporal source localization; Face
processing; Oddball paradigm; Fusiform face gyrus
ID HUMAN EXTRASTRIATE CORTEX; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; DEPTH-RECORDED
POTENTIALS; EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX;
OCCIPITOTEMPORAL CORTEX; INTRACEREBRAL POTENTIALS; SPATIOTEMPORAL
STAGES; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS
AB Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that complex visual stimuli, such as faces, activate multiple brain regions, yet little is known on the dynamics and complexity of the activated cortical networks during the entire measurable evoked response. In this study, we used simulated and face-evoked empirical MEG data from an oddball study to investigate the feasibility of accurate, efficient, and reliable spatio-temporal tracking of cortical pathways over prolonged time intervals. We applied a data-driven, semiautomated approach to spatio-temporal source localization with no prior assumptions on active cortical regions to explore non-invasively face-processing dynamics and their modulation by task. Simulations demonstrated that the use of multi-start downhill simplex and data-driven selections of time intervals submitted to the Calibrated Start Spatio-Temporal (CSST) algorithm resulted in improved accuracy of the source localization and the estimation of the onset of their activity. Locations and dynamics of the identified sources indicated a distributed cortical network involved in face processing whose complexity was task dependent. This MEG study provided the first non-invasive demonstration, agreeing with intracranial recordings, of an early onset of the activity in the fusiform face gyrus (FFG), and that frontal activation preceded parietal for responses elicited by target faces.
C1 [Susac, Ana; Supek, Selma] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
[Ilmoniemi, Risto J.] Aalto Univ, Dept Biomed Engn & Computat Sci, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland.
[Ilmoniemi, Risto J.] Univ Helsinki, Cent Hosp, BioMag Lab, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland.
[Ranken, Doug] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Susac, A (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bijenicka C 32, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
EM ana@phy.hr
RI Ilmoniemi, Risto/E-9704-2012; Ranken, Douglas/J-4305-2012
OI Ilmoniemi, Risto/0000-0002-3340-2618;
FU Croatian Ministry of Science, Education, and Sport [199-1081870-1252];
National Foundation for Science, Higher Education and Technological
Development of the Republic of Croatia; Centre for International
Mobility, Finland
FX This study was supported by the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education,
and Sport (grant 199-1081870-1252), National Foundation for Science,
Higher Education and Technological Development of the Republic of
Croatia, and the Centre for International Mobility, Finland. We thank
Jussi Nurminen and Milan Rados for their assistance.
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0140-0118
EI 1741-0444
J9 MED BIOL ENG COMPUT
JI Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
SI SI
BP 531
EP 543
DI 10.1007/s11517-011-0740-4
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology;
Medical Informatics
GA 766HY
UT WOS:000290772800004
PM 21305361
ER
PT J
AU Golubic, SJ
Susac, A
Grilj, V
Ranken, D
Huonker, R
Haueisen, J
Supek, S
AF Golubic, Sanja Josef
Susac, Ana
Grilj, Veljko
Ranken, Douglas
Huonker, Ralph
Haueisen, Jens
Supek, Selma
TI Size matters: MEG empirical and simulation study on source localization
of the earliest visual activity in the occipital cortex
SO MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetoencephalography (MEG); Stimulus size; Cortical source extent;
Neuromagnetic multi-source localization; Retinotopic organization of the
human visual cortex; Cortical magnification factor; Occipital visual
cortex
ID NEUROMAGNETIC RESPONSES; CORTICAL ACTIVITY; FUNCTIONAL MR; HUMAN-BRAIN;
MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ACTIVATION; EXTENT; MODEL; EXPANSION; HUMANS
AB While the relationship between sensory stimulation and tasks and the size of the cortical activations is generally unknown, the visual modality offers a unique possibility of an experimental manipulation of stimulus size-related increases of the spatial extent of cortical activation even during the earliest activity in the retinotopically organized primary visual cortex. We used magnetoecephalography (MEG), visual stimuli of increasing size, and numerical simulations on realistic cortical surfaces to explore the effects of increasing spatial extent of the activated cortical sources on the neuromagnetic fields, location estimation biases, and source resolution. Source localization was performed assuming multiple dipoles in a sphere model using an efficient, automatically restarted multi-start simplex minimizer within the Calibrated Start Spatio-Temporal (CSST) algorithm. We found size-related effects on amplitude and latencies and differences in relative locations of the earliest occipital sources evoked by stimuli of increasing size presented at the same eccentricity. This finding was confirmed by single patch simulations. Additionally, simulations of multiple extended sources demonstrated size-related increase in limits in source resolution for bilaterally simulated sources, biases in location estimates for a given separation of sources, and limits in source resolution due to source multiplicity within a hemisphere.
C1 [Golubic, Sanja Josef; Susac, Ana; Supek, Selma] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
[Grilj, Veljko] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
[Ranken, Douglas] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Huonker, Ralph; Haueisen, Jens] Univ Jena, Dept Neurol, D-07737 Jena, Germany.
[Haueisen, Jens] Tech Univ Ilmenau, Dept Biomed Engn & Informat, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany.
RP Supek, S (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bijenicka C 32, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
EM selma@phy.hr
RI Ranken, Douglas/J-4305-2012; Haueisen, Jens/B-7183-2011;
OI Haueisen, Jens/0000-0003-3871-2890; Grilj, Veljko/0000-0001-6573-8063
FU Croatian Ministry of Science, Education, and Sport [199-1081870-1252];
University of Zagreb; Technical University of Ilmenau
FX This study was supported by the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education,
and Sport (grant 199-1081870-1252) and bilateral agreement between the
University of Zagreb and Technical University of Ilmenau.
NR 34
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0140-0118
J9 MED BIOL ENG COMPUT
JI Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
SI SI
BP 545
EP 554
DI 10.1007/s11517-011-0764-9
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology;
Medical Informatics
GA 766HY
UT WOS:000290772800005
PM 21476049
ER
PT J
AU Hulcr, J
Adams, AS
Raffa, K
Hofstetter, RW
Klepzig, KD
Currie, CR
AF Hulcr, Jiri
Adams, Aaron S.
Raffa, Kenneth
Hofstetter, Richard W.
Klepzig, Kier D.
Currie, Cameron R.
TI Presence and Diversity of Streptomyces in Dendroctonus and Sympatric
Bark Beetle Galleries Across North America
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; FUNGUS-GROWING ANTS; LEAF-CUTTING ANTS;
COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE; FRONTALIS ZIMMERMANN; SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA;
SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PONDEROSAE; COMMUNITIES; SCOLYTINAE
AB Recent studies have revealed several examples of intimate associations between insects and Actinobacteria, including the Southern Pine Beetle Dendroctonus frontalis and the Spruce Beetle Dendroctonus rufipennis. Here, we surveyed Streptomyces Actinobacteria co-occurring with 10 species of Dendroctonus bark beetles across the United States, using both phylogenetic and community ecology approaches. From these 10 species, and 19 other scolytine beetles that occur in the same trees, we obtained 154 Streptomyces-like isolates and generated 16S sequences from 134 of those. Confirmed 16S sequences of Streptomyces were binned into 36 distinct strains using a threshold of 0.2% sequence divergence. The 16S rDNA phylogeny of all isolates does not correlate with the distribution of strains among beetle species, localities, or parts of the beetles or their galleries. However, we identified three Streptomyces strains occurring repeatedly on Dendroctonus beetles and in their galleries. Identity of these isolates was corroborated using a house-keeping gene sequence (efTu). These strains are not confined to a certain species of beetle, locality, or part of the beetle or their galleries. However, their role as residents in the woodboring insect niche is supported by the repeated association of their 16S and efTu from across the continent, and also having been reported in studies of other subcortical insects.
C1 [Hulcr, Jiri] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Adams, Aaron S.; Raffa, Kenneth] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hofstetter, Richard W.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Klepzig, Kier D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA.
[Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, US Dept Energy DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Currie, CR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, 4325 Microbial Sci Bldg,1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM currie@bact.wisc.edu
FU USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy
Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494];
NSF-Microbial Observatories [MCB-0702025]
FX This project would not be possible without the assistance of many
colleagues and field assistants. We thank Brian Strom, Paul Merten,
Jason Moan, Jesse Pfammatter, Anthony Cognato, and Andrea Lucky for
their assistance with collecting. We thank Rob Dugenske, Joe Moeller,
Laura Schwab, and many other members of the Currie lab for their help
with laboratory work. The project was funded by the USDA Forest Service
Southern Research Station, the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494), and NSF-Microbial
Observatories (MCB-0702025).
NR 47
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 7
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 61
IS 4
BP 759
EP 768
DI 10.1007/s00248-010-9797-0
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 766UI
UT WOS:000290811600005
PM 21249352
ER
PT J
AU Bruneel, O
Volant, A
Gallien, S
Chaumande, B
Casiot, C
Carapito, C
Bardil, A
Morin, G
Brown, GE
Personne, CJ
Le Paslier, D
Schaeffer, C
Van Dorsselaer, A
Bertin, PN
Elbaz-Poulichet, F
Arsene-Ploetze, F
AF Bruneel, Odile
Volant, Aurelie
Gallien, Sebastien
Chaumande, Bertrand
Casiot, Corinne
Carapito, Christine
Bardil, Amelie
Morin, Guillaume
Brown, Gordon E., Jr.
Personne, Christian J.
Le Paslier, Denis
Schaeffer, Christine
Van Dorsselaer, Alain
Bertin, Philippe N.
Elbaz-Poulichet, Francoise
Arsene-Ploetze, Florence
TI Characterization of the Active Bacterial Community Involved in Natural
Attenuation Processes in Arsenic-Rich Creek Sediments
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; FERRIREDUCENS SP NOV.; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; FERRIC
IRON; ACIDITHIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS; SULFIDE MINE; THIOMONAS SP;
FRANCE; CARNOULES; DIVERSITY
AB Acid mine drainage of the CarnoulSs mine (France) is characterized by acid waters containing high concentrations of arsenic and iron. In the first 30 m along the Reigous, a small creek draining the site, more than 38% of the dissolved arsenic was removed by co-precipitation with Fe(III), in agreement with previous studies, which suggest a role of microbial activities in the co-precipitation of As(III) and As(V) with Fe(III) and sulfate. To investigate how this particular ecosystem functions, the bacterial community was characterized in water and sediments by 16S rRNA encoding gene library analysis. Based on the results obtained using a metaproteomic approach on sediments combined with high-sensitivity HPLC-chip spectrometry, several GroEL orthologs expressed by the community were characterized, and the active members of the prokaryotic community inhabiting the creek sediments were identified. Many of these bacteria are beta-proteobacteria such as Gallionella and Thiomonas, but gamma-proteobacteria such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and alpha-proteobacteria such as Acidiphilium, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes were also detected.
C1 [Bruneel, Odile; Volant, Aurelie; Casiot, Corinne; Bardil, Amelie; Personne, Christian J.; Elbaz-Poulichet, Francoise] Univ Montpellier 2, Univ Montpellier 1, Lab HydroSci Montpellier, UMR5569,CNRS,IRD,CC MSE, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France.
[Chaumande, Bertrand; Bertin, Philippe N.; Arsene-Ploetze, Florence] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7156, F-67083 Strasbourg, France.
[Gallien, Sebastien; Carapito, Christine; Schaeffer, Christine; Van Dorsselaer, Alain] Univ Strasbourg, Lab Spectrometrie Masse Bioorgan, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR7178,CNRS, F-67087 Strasbourg, France.
[Morin, Guillaume] Univ Paris 06, IMPMC, UMR7590, CNRS,IPGP, F-75015 Paris, France.
[Morin, Guillaume] Univ Paris 07, IMPMC, UMR7590, CNRS,IPGP, F-75015 Paris, France.
[Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] Stanford Univ, Surface & Aqueous Geochem Grp, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Brown, Gordon E., Jr.] SLAC, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Le Paslier, Denis] CNRS, UMR8030, F-91057 Evry, France.
[Le Paslier, Denis] CEA, Direct Sci Vivant, Inst Genom, Lab Genom Comparat, F-91057 Evry, France.
RP Bruneel, O (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 2, Univ Montpellier 1, Lab HydroSci Montpellier, UMR5569,CNRS,IRD,CC MSE, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France.
EM bruneel@msem.univ-montp2.fr
RI Elbaz-Poulichet, Francoise/C-3032-2008; Bardil, Amelie/D-4124-2015;
Bruneel, Odile/K-4033-2016
OI Bardil, Amelie/0000-0003-4795-9561; Bruneel, Odile/0000-0001-8012-0245
FU "Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers," CNRS; "Observatoire de
Recherche Mediterraneen en Environnement" (OSU-OREME); Agence Nationale
de la Recherche [ANR 07-BLANC-0118]; French Ministry of Education and
Research
FX The study was financed by the EC2CO program ("Institut National des
Sciences de l'Univers," CNRS), the "Observatoire de Recherche
Mediterraneen en Environnement" (OSU-OREME), and by the ANR
07-BLANC-0118 project ("Agence Nationale de la Recherche"). Sebastien
Gallien and Aurelie Volant were supported by a grant from the French
Ministry of Education and Research. This work was performed in the
framework of the "Groupement de recherche: Metabolisme de l'Arsenic chez
les Microorganismes" (GDR2909-CNRS).
NR 60
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 37
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 61
IS 4
BP 793
EP 810
DI 10.1007/s00248-011-9808-9
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 766UI
UT WOS:000290811600008
PM 21318282
ER
PT J
AU Baglin, CM
AF Baglin, Coral M.
TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=93
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID DELAYED-NEUTRON EMISSION; HIGH-SPIN STATES; ISOBARIC-ANALOG STATES;
GASEOUS FISSION-PRODUCTS; DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE; PROTON DRIP-LINE;
HALF-LIFE MEASUREMENTS; TOTAL CONVERSION COEFFICIENT; SHELL-MODEL
CALCULATIONS; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETER
AB Nuclear structure data pertaining to all nuclei with mass number A=93 (Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag) have been compiled and evaluated and incorporated into the ENSDF data file. This publication for A=93 supersedes the previous publication by C.M. Baglin, Nuclear Data Sheets 80, 1 (1997) (literature cutoff date November 1996) and subsequent revisions by C.M. Baglin of the ENSDF files for Br-93 and Kr-93 (literature cutoff 26 February 2001) and for Rh-93 (literature cutoff 27 February 2001); it includes all data available prior to 15 December 2010. Significant changes since prior evaluations include the following: 2010Hw03 identified several high-spin states in Kr-93 in Cf-252 SF decay; in addition to the many low-spin levels already known in Rb-93 from beta(-) decay, several higher-spin states have now been identified in a Cf-252 SF decay study (2009Hw03); this SF decay has also been used to identify additional states in Sr-93 (2003Hw01) and the U-238(Se-82,X gamma) reaction (2007Bu35) has provided new information on Y-93. (HI,xn gamma) reaction studies have expanded our knowledge of the structure of Zr-93 (2002Fo03,2005Pa48), Nb-93 (2007Wa45), Mo-93 (2005Fu01), Tc-93 (2003Ha22) and Pd-93 (2004So04,2004Ru02). Considerable information on Nb-93 was provided by a (p,2n gamma) study (2010Or01,2006Or09,2007Or01). The level schemes of Ru-93, Rh-93 and Pd-93 have undergone the most extensive revision thanks to studies of Rh-93 epsilon decay (2004De40), Ag-94 epsilon p decay (2004Mu30) and Ag-94 p decay (2005Mu15, 2005Mu30), respectively. The half-life of the Zr member of this chain is of particular interest because of Zr-93's large contribution to long-term activity of nuclear reactor waste and also due to its potential as a supernova chronometer. During 2010, two new well-documented measurements of T-1/2(Zr-93) were published (2010Ya01 and 2010Ca01); one agrees well with an earlier, undocumented measurement but, unfortunately, the other is many standard deviations lower for reasons which are not immediately apparent.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Baglin, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the US Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Nuclear Physics,
Nuclear Physics Division of the US Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 387
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 112
IS 5
BP 1163
EP +
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2011.04.001
PG 226
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 767CF
UT WOS:000290832200001
ER
PT J
AU Sheng, J
Hassan, AEA
Zhang, W
Zhou, JF
Xu, BQ
Soares, AS
Huang, Z
AF Sheng, Jia
Hassan, Abdalla E. A.
Zhang, Wen
Zhou, Jianfeng
Xu, Bingqian
Soares, Alexei S.
Huang, Zhen
TI Synthesis, structure and imaging of oligodeoxyribonucleotides with
tellurium-nucleobase derivatization
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEIC-ACIDS; SELENIUM DERIVATIZATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CHARGE
MIGRATION; DNA-POLYMERASE; DUPLEX DNA; TRANSPORT; BASE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY;
OLIGONUCLEOTIDES
AB We report here the first synthesis of 5-phenyl-telluride-thymidine derivatives and the Te-phosphoramidite. We also report here the synthesis, structure and STM current-imaging studies of DNA oligonucleotides containing the nucleobases (thymine) derivatized with 5-phenyl-telluride functionality (5-Te). Our results show that the 5-Te-DNA is stable, and that the Te-DNA duplex has the thermo-stability similar to the corresponding native duplex. The crystal structure indicates that the 5-Te-DNA duplex structure is virtually identical to the native one, and that the Te-modified T and native A interact similarly to the native T and A pair. Furthermore, while the corresponding native showed weak signals, the DNA duplex modified with electron-rich tellurium functionality showed strong topographic and current peaks by STM imaging, suggesting a potential strategy to directly image DNA without structural perturbation.
C1 [Sheng, Jia; Hassan, Abdalla E. A.; Zhang, Wen; Huang, Zhen] Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
[Hassan, Abdalla E. A.] Zagazig Univ, Appl Nucle Acids Res Ctr, Zagazig, Egypt.
[Zhou, Jianfeng; Xu, Bingqian] Univ Georgia, Fac Engn & NanoSEC, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Soares, Alexei S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Huang, Z (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM Huang@gsu.edu
RI Soares, Alexei/F-4800-2014
OI Soares, Alexei/0000-0002-6565-8503
FU Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Cancer Clinicians and Scientists
Award; US National Science Foundation [MCB-0824837]
FX Georgia Cancer Coalition Distinguished Cancer Clinicians and Scientists
Award and the US National Science Foundation (MCB-0824837). Funding for
open access charge: US National Science Foundation (MCB-0824837).
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 39
IS 9
BP 3962
EP 3971
DI 10.1093/nar/gkq1288
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 763WD
UT WOS:000290589500045
PM 21245037
ER
PT J
AU Glasser, NF
Jansson, KN
Goodfellow, BW
de Angelis, H
Rodnight, H
Rood, DH
AF Glasser, Neil F.
Jansson, Krister N.
Goodfellow, Bradley W.
de Angelis, Hernan
Rodnight, Helena
Rood, Dylan H.
TI Cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages for moraines in the Lago San Martin
Valley, Argentina
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages; Glacial chronology; Glacial
geomorphology; Moraines; Patagonia
ID SOUTHERNMOST SOUTH-AMERICA; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; PRODUCTION-RATES;
BAHIA INUTIL; BUENOS-AIRES; ICE CORE; CHRONOLOGY; PATAGONIA;
DEGLACIATION; FLUCTUATIONS
AB At several times during the Quaternary, a major eastward-flowing outlet glacier of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet occupied the Lago San Martin Valley in Argentina (49 degrees S, 72 degrees W). We present a glacial chronology for the valley based on geomorphological mapping and cosmogenic nuclide ((10)Be) exposure ages (n = 10) of boulders on moraines and lake shorelines. There are five prominent moraine belts in the Lago San Martin Valley, associated with extensive sandar (glaciofluvial outwash plains) and former lake shorelines. Cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages for boulders on these moraines indicate that they formed at 14.3 +/- 1.7 ka, 22.4 +/- 2.3 ka, 34.4 +/- 3.4 ka to 37.6 +/- 3.4 ka (and possibly 60 +/- 3.5 ka), and 99 +/- 11 ka (1 sigma). These dated glacier advances differ from published chronologies from the Lago San Martin Valley based on (14)C age determinations from organic sediments and molluscs in meltwater channels directly in front of moraines or in kettleholes within end moraine ridges. The moraine boulder ages also point to possible pre-LGM glacial advances during the last glacial cycle and a key observation from our data is that the LGM glaciers were probably less extensive in the Lago San Martin Valley than previously thought. (C) 2010 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Glasser, Neil F.] Aberystwyth Univ, Ctr Glaciol, Inst Geog & Earth Sci, Ceredigion SY23 3DB, Wales.
[Jansson, Krister N.; de Angelis, Hernan] Univ Stockholm, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Goodfellow, Bradley W.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Rodnight, Helena] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Geol & Palaeontol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Rood, Dylan H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Glasser, NF (reprint author), Aberystwyth Univ, Ctr Glaciol, Inst Geog & Earth Sci, Ceredigion SY23 3DB, Wales.
EM nfg@aber.ac.uk
RI De Angelis, Hernan/E-1352-2012; Glasser, Neil /C-1971-2012;
OI De Angelis, Hernan/0000-0002-8584-272X; Glasser,
Neil/0000-0002-8245-2670
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 75
IS 3
BP 636
EP 646
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2010.11.005
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 767BY
UT WOS:000290831500026
ER
PT J
AU Yang, L
Chen, RC
Peng, SM
Long, XG
Wu, ZC
Gao, F
Zu, XT
AF Yang Li
Chen RuCheng
Peng ShuMing
Long XingGui
Wu ZhongCheng
Gao Fei
Zu XiaoTao
TI First-principles study of He point-defects in HCP rare-earth metals
SO SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference in Asia of the
International-Union-of-Materials-Research-Societies
CY SEP 25-28, 2010
CL Qingdao, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Union Mat Res Soc (IUMRS), Chinese Mat Res Soc, Mat Res Soc Taiwan, Mat Res Soc Japan, Govt Qingdao City
DE first-principles; rare-earth metals; helium
ID HELIUM RELEASE; HYDROGEN; MOTION; POTENTIALS; SCANDIUM; FILMS
AB He defect properties in Sc, Y, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Lu were studied using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The results indicate that the formation energy of an interstitial He atom is smaller than that of a substitutional He atom in all hcp rare-earth metals considered. Furthermore, the tetrahedral interstitial position is more favorable than an octahedral position for He defects. The results are compared with those from bcc and fcc metals.
C1 [Yang Li; Chen RuCheng; Zu XiaoTao] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
[Peng ShuMing; Long XingGui; Wu ZhongCheng] China Acad Engn Phys, Inst Nucl Phys & Chem, Mianyang 621900, Peoples R China.
[Gao Fei] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Yang, L (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
EM yanglildk@uestc.edu.cn
RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 11
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-7348
J9 SCI CHINA PHYS MECH
JI Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 5
BP 827
EP 830
DI 10.1007/s11433-011-4310-4
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 766GF
UT WOS:000290768300006
ER
PT J
AU Li, YL
Hu, SY
Sun, X
Gao, F
Henager, CH
Khaleel, M
AF Li YuLan
Hu ShenYang
Sun Xin
Gao Fei
Henager, Charles H., Jr.
Khaleel, Mohammad
TI Phase-field modeling of void evolution and swelling in materials under
irradiation
SO SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference in Asia of the
International-Union-of-Materials-Research-Societies
CY SEP 25-28, 2010
CL Qingdao, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Union Mat Res Soc (IUMRS), Chinese Mat Res Soc, Mat Res Soc Taiwan, Mat Res Soc Japan, Govt Qingdao City
DE radiation; void swelling; vacancies; interstitials; phase-field model
ID CASCADE DAMAGE CONDITIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MICROSTRUCTURAL
EVOLUTION; SOLUTE SEGREGATION; LATTICE FORMATION; FERRITIC STEELS;
STAINLESS-STEEL; NUCLEATION; GROWTH; ALLOYS
AB Void swelling is an important phenomenon observed in both nuclear fuels and cladding materials in operating nuclear reactors. In this work we develop a phase-field model to simulate void evolution and void volume change in irradiated materials. Important material processes, including the generation of defects such as vacancies and self-interstitials, their diffusion and annihilation, and void nucleation and evolution, have been taken into account in this model. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties, such as chemical free energy, interfacial energy, vacancy mobility, and annihilation rate of vacancies and interstitials, are expressed as a function of temperature and/or defect concentrations in a general manner. The model allows for parametric studies of critical void nucleus size, void growth kinetics, and void volume fraction evolutions. Our simulations demonstrated that void swelling displays a quasi-bell shape distribution with temperature often observed in experiments.
C1 [Li YuLan; Hu ShenYang; Sun Xin; Gao Fei; Henager, Charles H., Jr.; Khaleel, Mohammad] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Hu, SY (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM shenyang.hu@pnl.gov
RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012;
OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749; HU, Shenyang/0000-0002-7187-3082;
Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803
NR 52
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 23
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-7348
EI 1869-1927
J9 SCI CHINA PHYS MECH
JI Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 5
BP 856
EP 865
DI 10.1007/s11433-011-4316-y
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 766GF
UT WOS:000290768300012
ER
PT J
AU Bricklemyer, RS
Brown, DJ
Barefield, JE
Clegg, SM
AF Bricklemyer, Ross S.
Brown, David J.
Barefield, James E.
Clegg, Samuel M.
TI Intact Soil Core Total, Inorganic, and Organic Carbon Measurement Using
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION; SAMPLES;
CHEMOMETRICS; OPTIMIZATION; REGRESSION; VARIABLES; NITROGEN; MONTANA;
SYSTEM
AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an emerging elemental analysis technology with the potential to provide rapid, accurate, and precise analysis of soil constituents. We evaluated the accuracy of LIBS in measuring soil profile C for field-moist, intact soil cores by interrogating 78 intact soil cores from three Montana agricultural fields. Samples from each core were analyzed in the laboratory for total C (TC), inorganic C (IC), and soil organic C (SOC). Partial least squares 2 (PLS2) regression calibration models were derived using 58 cores (227 samples) and independently validated at the field scale with the remaining 20 cores (79 samples). We obtained the best LIBS validation predictions for IC (r(2) = 0.66, standard error of prediction [SEP] = 5.3 g kg(-1), ratio product differential [RPD] = 1.7) followed by TC (r(2) = 0.63, SEP = 6.0 g kg(-1), RPD = 1.6) and SOC (r(2) = 0.22, SEP = 3.2 g kg(-1), RPD = 1.1). Although the SEP for SOC was less than for TC and IC, low SOC variance limited our ability to evaluate LIBS SOC prediction capabilities. Regression coefficients from LIBS PLS2 models suggested a reliance on stoichiometric relationships between C and other elements related to total and inorganic C in the soil matrix (e. g., Ca, Mg, and Si) to discriminate TC from IC. Results indicate that LIBS spectral data collected on intact soil cores can be calibrated to accurately estimate and differentiate between soil total and inorganic C concentrations at the field scale.
C1 [Bricklemyer, Ross S.; Brown, David J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Barefield, James E.; Clegg, Samuel M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Diagnost & Engn Grp C CDE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Bricklemyer, RS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, POB 646420, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM rsb@wsu.edu
RI Brown, David/A-2002-2009;
OI Barefield, James/0000-0001-8674-6214; Clegg, Sam/0000-0002-0338-0948
FU Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership; U.S. Department of
Energy-National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FC26-05NT42587]
FX This research was funded by the Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership
and U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Technology Laboratory,
Award no. DE-FC26-05NT42587. We would also like to thank Rosie Wallander
at Montana State University for total C analysis.
NR 53
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 27
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
EI 1435-0661
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 75
IS 3
BP 1006
EP 1018
DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0244
PG 13
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 767KW
UT WOS:000290856500026
ER
PT J
AU Gueymard, CA
Wilcox, SM
AF Gueymard, Christian A.
Wilcox, Stephen M.
TI Assessment of spatial and temporal variability in the US solar resource
from radiometric measurements and predictions from models using
ground-based or satellite data
SO SOLAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Variability; Direct and global irradiance; DNI; Solar resource;
Interannual; Validation
ID RADIATION; IRRADIANCE; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; PINATUBO; TRENDS
AB The US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is responding to a growing demand for high-accuracy solar resource data with uncertainties significantly lower than those of existing solar resource datasets, such as the National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB). Measurements for long-term solar resource characterizations require years to complete, which is an unacceptable timeline for the rapidly emerging needs of renewable energy applications. This contribution seeks methods of reducing the uncertainty of existing long-term solar resource datasets by incorporating lower-uncertainty site-specific ground measurements of a limited period of record. In particular, various techniques are being explored to make full use of the existing high-resolution radiation data available in the NSRDB and other sources, and extrapolate them over time using locally measured data and other supportive information. The interannual variability in global and direct radiation is studied here using long-term data at various sites. NSRDB's modeled data for the 1998-2005 period are compared to quality-controlled measurements to assess the performance of the model, which is found to vary greatly depending on climatic condition. The reported results are encouraging for applications involving concentrators at very sunny sites. Large seasonal biases are found at some cloudy sites. Various improvements are proposed to enhance the quality of the existing model and modeled data.
The measurement of solar radiation to characterize the solar climate for renewable energy and other applications is a time consuming and expensive operation. Full climate characterization may require several decades of measurements-a prospect that is not practical for an industry intent on rapid deployment of solar technologies. This study demonstrates that the consistency of the solar resource in both time and space varies widely across the United States. The mapped results here illustrate regions with high and low variability and provide readers with quick visual information to help them decide where and how long measurements should be taken for a particular application. The underlying data that form these maps are also available from NREL to provide users the opportunity for more detailed analysis. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gueymard, Christian A.] Solar Consulting Serv, Colebrook, NH 03576 USA.
[Wilcox, Stephen M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Gueymard, CA (reprint author), Solar Consulting Serv, POB 392, Colebrook, NH 03576 USA.
EM Chris@SolarConsultingServices.com; Stephen.Wilcox@nrel.gov
FU Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
through the NREL; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308];
National Renewable Energy Laboratory [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]
FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy through the NREL Concentrating Solar
Power Program. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy
Laboratory.
NR 36
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-092X
J9 SOL ENERGY
JI Sol. Energy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 85
IS 5
BP 1068
EP 1084
DI 10.1016/j.solener.2011.02.030
PG 17
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA 764PJ
UT WOS:000290644000036
ER
PT J
AU Vander Wiel, S
Wilson, A
Graves, T
Reese, S
AF Vander Wiel, Scott
Wilson, Alyson
Graves, Todd
Reese, Shane
TI A Random Onset Model for Degradation of High-Reliability Systems
SO TECHNOMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aging; Bayesian; Reliability uncertainty; Sampling; Surveillance
planning
AB Weapons stockpiles are expected to have high reliability over time, but prudence demands regular testing to detect detrimental aging effects and maintain confidence that reliability is high. We present a model, called RADAR, in which a stockpile has high initial reliability that may begin declining at any time. RADAR provides a framework for answering questions about how confidence in continued high reliability can change as a result of reduced sampling, discovery of failed units, and information about when a unit failed.
Supplemental materials (available on the Technometrics web site) provide lemmas used in the proof of Theorem 1, details of the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, and additional examples.
C1 [Vander Wiel, Scott; Graves, Todd] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Wilson, Alyson] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Reese, Shane] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Stat, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Vander Wiel, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM scottv@lanl.gov; agw@iastate.edu; tgraves@lanl.gov; reese@stat.byu.edu
OI Wilson, Alyson/0000-0003-1461-6212
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA
SN 0040-1706
J9 TECHNOMETRICS
JI Technometrics
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 2
BP 163
EP 172
DI 10.1198/TECH.2011.09119
PG 10
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 767CK
UT WOS:000290832700005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Li, ZH
Wang, J
Li, JH
Lin, YH
AF Wang, Ying
Li, Zhaohui
Wang, Jun
Li, Jinghong
Lin, Yuehe
TI Graphene and graphene oxide: biofunctionalization and applications in
biotechnology
SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; SENSING BIOMOLECULES; LARGE-SCALE; DNA;
CARBON; DELIVERY; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOMATERIALS; EXFOLIATION; COMPOSITE
AB Graphene is the basic building block of OD fullerene, 1D carbon nanotubes, and 3D graphite. Graphene has a unique planar structure, as well as novel electronic properties, which have attracted great interests from scientists. This review selectively analyzes current advances in the field of graphene bioapplications. In particular, the biofunctionalization of graphene for biological applications, fluorescence-resonance-energy-transfer-based biosensor development by using graphene or graphene-based nanomaterials, and the investigation of graphene or graphene-based nanomaterials for living cell studies are summarized in more detail. Future perspectives and possible challenges in this rapidly developing area are also discussed.
C1 [Wang, Ying; Li, Jinghong] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Key Lab Bioorgan Phosphorus Chem & Chem Biol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Ying; Li, Zhaohui; Wang, Jun; Lin, Yuehe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Li, JH (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Chem, Key Lab Bioorgan Phosphorus Chem & Chem Biol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM jhli@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; Yuehe.lin@pnl.gov
RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011; Li, Jinghong /D-4283-2012;
OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587; Li, Jinghong /0000-0002-0750-7352; Wang,
Ying/0000-0002-9847-4655
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH [U54
ES016015-010003]; NIH through the National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke [U01 NS058161-01]; Department of Energy's Office of
Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [20975060, 21005046, 11079002]; National
Basic Research Program of China [2007CB310500, 2011CB935700]
FX This work was supported partially by Grant U54 ES016015-010003 from the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, and Grant U01
NS058161-01 from the NIH CounterACT Program through the National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Its contents are solely
the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
official views of the federal government. Part of the research described
in this paper was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user
facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological
and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle under Contract
DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was also financially supported by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20975060, No.
21005046, No. 11079002), National Basic Research Program of China (No.
2007CB310500, No. 2011CB935700).
NR 77
TC 536
Z9 548
U1 62
U2 649
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0167-7799
J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL
JI Trends Biotechnol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 5
BP 205
EP 212
DI 10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.01.008
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 767XK
UT WOS:000290891900002
PM 21397350
ER
PT J
AU Jonkman, JM
Matha, D
AF Jonkman, J. M.
Matha, D.
TI Dynamics of offshore floating wind turbines-analysis of three concepts
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE offshore wind turbine; floating; aero-hydro-servo-elastic analysis;
tension leg platform; spar buoy; barge
AB This work presents a comprehensive dynamic-response analysis of three offshore floating wind turbine concepts. Models were composed of one 5 MW turbine supported on land and three 5 MW turbines located offshore on a tension leg platform, a spar buoy and a barge. A loads and stability analysis adhering to the procedures of international design standards was performed for each model using the fully coupled time domain aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation tool FAST with AeroDyn and HydroDyn. The concepts are compared based on the calculated ultimate loads, fatigue loads and instabilities. The loads in the barge-supported turbine are the highest found for the three floating concepts. The differences in the loads between the tension leg platform-supported turbine and spar buoy-supported turbine are not significant, except for the loads in the tower, which are greater in the spar system. Instabilities in all systems also must be resolved. The results of this analysis will help resolve the fundamental design trade-offs between the floating-system concepts. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Jonkman, J. M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Matha, D.] Univ Stuttgart, Endowed Chair Wind Energy SWE, Stuttgart, Germany.
RP Jonkman, JM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM jason.jonkman@nrel.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]
FX This work was performed at NREL in support of the US Department of
Energy under contract number DE-AC36-08-GO28308.
NR 12
TC 77
Z9 83
U1 3
U2 42
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1095-4244
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 4
BP 557
EP 569
DI 10.1002/we.442
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 764MZ
UT WOS:000290635000005
ER
PT J
AU Darrow, J
Johnson, K
Wright, A
AF Darrow, J.
Johnson, K.
Wright, A.
TI Design of a tower and drive train damping controller for the
three-bladed controls advanced research turbine operating in
design-driving load cases
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE control systems; load reduction; design standards
ID INDIVIDUAL PITCH CONTROL; WIND TURBINES; BLADE
AB Wind turbines experience both fatigue and extreme loading, and individual components of a wind turbine are affected differently by these loads. The current practice to achieve the typical 20 year design life is to build a turbine with robust components that can withstand fatigue and extreme loads for this duration. Unfortunately, overbuilding of components may lead to higher-than-necessary initial capital costs. In this research, we studied design-driving load cases and designed advanced control algorithms aimed at enabling a decrease in initial capital cost. Our approach used a subset of a full International Electrotechnical Commission loads case analysis and selected major components experiencing design-driving extreme loads that can be alleviated using advanced control. We first describe the results from the loads case analysis and then discuss the components on which we focused the advanced control design. We next describe the controller design and finally compare the results from the advanced controller simulations with those using a baseline controller. The baseline consists of a nonlinear torque controller below rated wind speed and a proportional-integral-derivative-like controller above rated and the advanced controller uses proportional feedback and state-space design to reduce tower bending and drive train torsional loads. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Darrow, J.; Johnson, K.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Wright, A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Johnson, K (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Engn, 1610 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM kjohnson@mines.edu
RI Aguayo, Leandro/B-8713-2012
FU US DOE/National Renewable Energy Laboratory [KXEA-3-33607-33]
FX This work was supported by the US DOE/National Renewable Energy
Laboratory under Task Order KXEA-3-33607-33.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1095-4244
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 4
BP 571
EP 601
DI 10.1002/we.443
PG 31
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 764MZ
UT WOS:000290635000006
ER
PT J
AU Adams, D
White, J
Rumsey, M
Farrar, C
AF Adams, Douglas
White, Jonathan
Rumsey, Mark
Farrar, Charles
TI Structural health monitoring of wind turbines: method and application to
a HAWT
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE structural health monitoring; horizontal axis wind turbine; vibrations;
accelerometers
ID SYSTEM; POWER
AB Structural health monitoring in the context of a Micon 65/13 horizontal axis wind turbine was described in this paper as a process in statistical pattern recognition. Simulation data from a calibrated model with less than 8% error in the first 14 natural frequencies of vibration was used to study the operational response under various wind states as well as the effects of three types of damage in the blade, low speed shaft and yaw joint. It was shown that vertical wind shear and turbulent winds lead to different modal contributions in the operational response of the turbine suggesting that the sensitivity of operational data to damage depends on the wind loads. It is also shown that there is less than a 4% change in the wind turbine natural frequencies given a 25% reduction in the stiffness at the root of one blade. The modal assurance criterion was used to analyse the corresponding changes in modal deflections, and this criterion exhibited nearly orthogonal changes because of the three damage scenarios suggesting that the modal deflection determines which damage is observable at a given frequency for a given wind state. The modal contribution is calculated as a damage feature, which changes as much as 100% for 50% reductions in blade root stiffness, but only the blade damage is detected using this feature. Operational data was used to study variations in the forced blade response to determine the likelihood that small levels of damage can be detected amidst variations in wind speed across the rotor plane. The standard deviation in measured data was shown to be smallest for the span and edge-wise measurements at 1P due to gravity, which provides the dominant forcing function at this frequency. A 3% change in the response in the span and edge-wise directions because of damage is required to detect a change of three standard deviations in contrast to the 90% change in flap direction response that is required to detect a similar change because of damage. The dynamic displacement in the span direction is then used to extract a damage feature from the simulation data that provides the ability to both locate and quantify the reduction in stiffness in the blade root. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Adams, Douglas] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[White, Jonathan; Rumsey, Mark] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Farrar, Charles] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Adams, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, 1500 Kepner Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM deadams@purdue.edu
OI Farrar, Charles/0000-0001-6533-6996
NR 31
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 6
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1095-4244
EI 1099-1824
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 14
IS 4
BP 603
EP 623
DI 10.1002/we.437
PG 21
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 764MZ
UT WOS:000290635000007
ER
PT J
AU Cordeiro, PJ
Tilley, TD
AF Cordeiro, Paul J.
Tilley, T. Don
TI Enhancement of the Catalytic Activity of Titanium-Based Terminal Olefin
Epoxidation Catalysts via Surface Modification with Functionalized
Protic Molecules
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE epoxidation; hydrogen peroxide; surface modification; titania-silica;
titanium-peroxox; single site; molecular precursor
ID AQUEOUS HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MESOPOROUS SILICA; SINGLE-SITE;
VISIBLE-LIGHT; SELECTIVE EPOXIDATION; ALKENE EPOXIDATION; PRECURSOR
APPROACH; CYCLOHEXENE OXIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OXYGEN-TRANSFER
AB Site-isolated Ti(IV) centers were introduced onto the surface of a mesoporous SBA-15 support via the thermolytic molecular precursor method. Prior to thermal treatment to generate Ti-OH sites, residual silanol groups were capped via reaction with Me(2)N-SiMe(3) to give TiMe(cap)SBA15. After low temperature treatment in oxygen; the resulting Ti-OH sites of TiMe(cap)SBA15-O(2) were modified by reaction with a series of protic reagents: phenol, pentafluorophenol, acetic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid. The structure of the resulting TiSBA15 catalysts and the Ti(IV) epoxidation intermediates (formed upon treatment of Ti(IV) materials with TBHP or H(2)O(2)) were probed using diffuse-reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. A titanium-hydroperoxo species similar to that found in TS-1 is proposed for all catalysts. Samples modified with phenol and pentafluorophenol exhibited conversions of 1-octene that are 20 to 50% higher than those for TiMe(cap)SBA15-O(2), without a significant drop in selectivity for the epoxide product, 1,2-epoxyoctane, when TBHP was used as the oxidant. With aqueous H(2)O(2) as the oxidant, the phenol-treated materials exhibited-l-Octene conversions that are 15 to 50% greater than those observed for TiMe(cap)SBA15-O(2), and an increased selectivity, for 1,2-ep-oxyoctane of 10 to 30%. Additionally; the efficiency of H(2)O(2) usage, as monitored via (1)H NMR spectroscopy, increased by a factor of 2 to three for catalysts modified with phenol and pentafluorophenol, with respect to the efficiency observed over TiMe(cap)SBA15-O(2). Catalysts modified with acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid displayed decreased catalytic turnover numbers and epoxide selectivities when TBHP was used as the oxidant, but exhibited catalytic turnover numbers and epoxide selectivities similar to TiMe(cap)SBA15-O(2) when H(2)O(2) was used as the oxidant. After treatment of TiMe(cap)SBA15-O(2) with acetic acid, the H(2)O(2) efficiency decreased by a factor of 2 for the epoxidation of 1-octene with H(2)O(2).
C1 [Tilley, T. Don] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cordeiro, Paul J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cordeiro, Paul J.; Tilley, T. Don] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Tilley, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tdtilley@berkeley.edu
FU Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical
Sciences division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Director, Office
of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences
division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank A. P. Alivisatos of the University of
California, Berkeley for the use of instrumentation (TEM, SAXS).
NR 85
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 62
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 5
BP 455
EP 467
DI 10.1021/cs200017s
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 761UN
UT WOS:000290426600004
ER
PT J
AU Franco, AA
Hu, L
Grim, CJ
Gopinath, G
Sathyamoorthy, V
Jarvis, KG
Lee, C
Sadowski, J
Kim, J
Kothary, MH
McCardell, BA
Tall, BD
AF Franco, A. A.
Hu, L.
Grim, C. J.
Gopinath, G.
Sathyamoorthy, V.
Jarvis, K. G.
Lee, C.
Sadowski, J.
Kim, J.
Kothary, M. H.
McCardell, B. A.
Tall, B. D.
TI Characterization of Putative Virulence Genes on the Related RepFIB
Plasmids Harbored by Cronobacter spp.
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENTEROBACTER-SAKAZAKII INFECTIONS; POWDERED
INFANT FORMULA; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; VI SECRETION SYSTEM; NEONATAL
MENINGITIS; YERSINIA-PESTIS; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION;
SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM
AB Cronobacter spp. are emerging neonatal pathogens that cause meningitis, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The genus Chronobacter consists of six species: C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. muytjensii, C. turicensis, C. dublinensis, and Cronobacter genomospecies group 1. Whole-genome sequencing of C. sakazakii BAA-894 and C. turicensis z3032 revealed that they harbor similarly sized plasmids identified as pESA3 (131 kb) and pCTU1 (138 kb), respectively. In silico analysis showed that both plasmids encode a single RepFIB-like origin of replication gene, repA, as well as two iron acquisition systems (eitCBAD and iucABCD/iutA). In a chrome azurol S agar diffusion assay, it was demonstrated that siderophore activity was associated with the presence of pESA3 or pCTU1. Additionally, pESA3 contains a cpa (Cronobacter plasminogen activator) gene and a 17-kb type 6 secretion system (T6SS) locus, while pCTU1 contains a 27-kb region encoding a filamentous hemagglutinin gene (fhaB), its specifc transporter gene (fhaC), and associated putative adhesins (FHA locus), suggesting that these are virulence plasmids. In a repA-targeted PCR assay, 97% of 229 Cronobacter species isolates were found to possess a homologous RepFIB plasmid. All repA PCR-positive strains were also positive for the eitCBAD and iucABCD/iutA iron acquisition systems. However, the presence of cpa, T6SS, and FHA loci depended on species, demonstrating a strong correlation with the presence of virulence traits, plasmid type, and species. These results support the hypothesis that these plasmids have evolved from a single archetypical plasmid backbone through the cointegration, or deletion, of specific virulence traits in each species.
C1 [Tall, B. D.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Virulence Mech Branch HFS 025, Div Virulence Assessment,MOD Facil 1,OARSA, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Grim, C. J.; Jarvis, K. G.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Kim, J.] Washington Internship Program, Washington, DC USA.
RP Tall, BD (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Virulence Mech Branch HFS 025, Div Virulence Assessment,MOD Facil 1,OARSA, 8301 MuirKirk Rd,Room 3607, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM ben.tall@fda.hhs.gov
OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629
FU FDA's Office of the Commissioner; Department of Energy; Institute of
Food Safety and Applied Nutrition; Washington Internship Programs
FX When this study started, L. Hu was an FDA Commissioner's Fellow; she is
now an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellow. K.
G. Jarvis and C. J. Grim are also ORISE fellows, and we thank the FDA's
Office of the Commissioner and the Department of Energy for their
support. We also thank the Joint Institute of Food Safety and Applied
Nutrition Internship and Washington Internship Programs for the support
of undergraduate students J. Sadowski, C. Lee, and J. Kim, respectively.
NR 68
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 10
BP 3255
EP 3267
DI 10.1128/AEM.03023-10
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 762JT
UT WOS:000290473200012
PM 21421789
ER
PT J
AU Dieckmann, J
Cooperman, A
Brodrick, J
AF Dieckmann, John
Cooperman, Alissa
Brodrick, James
TI Cool and Dry Comfort
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Dieckmann, John; Cooperman, Alissa] TIAX, Mech Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA.
[Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA.
RP Dieckmann, J (reprint author), TIAX, Mech Syst Grp, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 5
BP 90
EP +
PG 3
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 762GR
UT WOS:000290463600015
ER
PT J
AU Littlejohn, D
Cheng, R
Therkelsen, P
Smith, K
Ali, S
AF Littlejohn, David
Cheng, Robert
Therkelsen, Peter
Smith, Kenneth
Ali, Sy
TI Burner Design for Fuel Flexibility and Efficiency
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Littlejohn, David] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Combust Res Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Littlejohn, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Combust Res Grp, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 70-108B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dlittlejohn@lbl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU CHEMICAL WEEK ASSOC
PI NEW YORK
PA 110 WILLIAM ST, 11TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10038 USA
SN 0009-2460
J9 CHEM ENG-NEW YORK
JI Chem. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 118
IS 5
BP 44
EP 47
PG 4
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 764DI
UT WOS:000290608200009
ER
PT J
AU Melaina, M
Webster, K
AF Melaina, M.
Webster, K.
TI Role of Fuel Carbon Intensity in Achieving 2050 Greenhouse Gas Reduction
Goals within the Light-Duty Vehicle Sector
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; QUALITY
AB Recent U.S. climate change policy developments include aggressive proposals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including cap-and-trade legislation with a goal of an 83% reduction below 2005 levels by 2050. This study examines behavioral and technological changes required to achieve this reduction within the light-duty vehicle (LDV) sector. Under this "fair share" sectoral assumption, aggressive near-term actions are necessary in three areas: vehicle miles traveled (VMT), vehicle fuel economy (FE), and fuel carbon intensity (FCI). Two generic scenarios demonstrate the important role of FCI in meeting the 2050 goal. The first scenario allows deep reductions in FCI to compensate for relatively modest FE improvements and VMT reductions. The second scenario assumes optimistic improvements in FE, relatively large reductions in VMT and less aggressive FCI reductions. Each generic scenario is expanded into three illustrative scenarios to explore the theoretical implications of meeting the 2050 goal by relying exclusively on biofiiels and hybrid vehicles, biofuels and plug-in hybrid vehicles, or hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. These scenarios inform a discussion of resource limitations, technology development and deployment challenges, and policy goals required to meet the 2050 GHG goal for LDVs.
C1 [Melaina, M.; Webster, K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Melaina, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM marc.melaina@nrel.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 29
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 9
BP 3865
EP 3871
DI 10.1021/es1037707
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 753ZI
UT WOS:000289819400012
PM 21456550
ER
PT J
AU Felmy, AR
Moore, DA
Rosso, KM
Qafoku, O
Rai, D
Buck, EC
Ilton, ES
AF Felmy, Andrew R.
Moore, Dean A.
Rosso, Kevin M.
Qafoku, Odeta
Rai, Dhanpat
Buck, Edgar C.
Ilton, Eugene S.
TI Heterogeneous Reduction of PuO2 with Fe(II): Importance of the Fe(III)
Reaction Product
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-WATER INTERFACE; REDUCING CONDITIONS; REDOX REACTIONS; FERROUS
IRON; FERRIC-OXIDE; URANIUM(VI); SURFACE; PLUTONIUM; U(VI); OXIDATION
AB Heterogeneous reduction of actinides in higher, more soluble oxidation states to lower, more insoluble oxidation states by reductants such as Fe(II) has been the subject of intensive study for more than two decades. However, Fe(II)-induced reduction of sparingly soluble Pu(IV) to the more soluble lower oxidation state Pu(:II) has been much less studied, even though such reactions can potentially increase the mobility of Pu in the subsurface. Thermodynamic calculations are presented that show how differences in the free energy of various possible solid-phase Fe(III) reaction products can greatly influence aqueous Pu(III) concentrations resulting from reduction of PuO2(am) by Fe(II). We present the first experimental evidence that reduction of PuO2(am) to Pu(III) by Fe(II) was enhanced when the Fe(III) mineral goethite was spiked into the reaction. The effect of goethite on reduction of Pu(IV) was demonstrated by measuring the time dependence of total aqueous Pu concentration, its oxidation state, and system pe/pH. We also re-evaluated established protocols for determining Pu(III) {[Pu(III) + Pu(IV)] - Pu(IV)) by using thenoyltrifuluoroacetone (TTA) in toluene extractions; the study showed that it is important to eliminate dissolved oxygen from the TTA solutions for accurate determinations. More broadly, this study highlights the importance of the Fe(III) reaction product in actinide reduction rate and extent by Fe(II).
C1 [Felmy, Andrew R.; Moore, Dean A.; Rosso, Kevin M.; Qafoku, Odeta; Buck, Edgar C.; Ilton, Eugene S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Rai, Dhanpat] Rai Envirochem LLC, Yachats, OR USA.
RP Felmy, AR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ar.felmy@pnl.gov
RI Buck, Edgar/N-7820-2013
OI Buck, Edgar/0000-0001-5101-9084
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental
Research
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, as part of the Subsurface
Biogeochemical Research (SBR) Science Focus Area (SFA) at the Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory. A portion of this research was performed
using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S.
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
and located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 9
BP 3952
EP 3958
DI 10.1021/es104212g
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 753ZI
UT WOS:000289819400024
PM 21469710
ER
PT J
AU Obrist, D
Johnson, DW
Lindberg, SE
Luo, Y
Hararuk, O
Bracho, R
Battles, JJ
Dail, DB
Edmonds, RL
Monson, RK
Ollinger, SV
Pallardy, SG
Pregitzer, KS
Todd, DE
AF Obrist, D.
Johnson, D. W.
Lindberg, S. E.
Luo, Y.
Hararuk, O.
Bracho, R.
Battles, J. J.
Dail, D. B.
Edmonds, R. L.
Monson, R. K.
Ollinger, S. V.
Pallardy, S. G.
Pregitzer, K. S.
Todd, D. E.
TI Mercury Distribution Across 14 US Forests. Part I: Spatial Patterns of
Concentrations in Biomass, Litter, and Soils
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; METHYLMERCURY;
ACCUMULATION; POLLUTION; ECOSYSTEM; EMISSION; EXCHANGE; BINDING
AB Results from a systematic investigation of mercury (Hg) concentrations across 14 forest sites in the United States show highest concentrations in litter layers, strongly enriched in Hg compared to aboveground tissues and indicative of substantial postdepositional sorption of Hg. Soil Hg concentrations were lower than in litter, with highest concentrations in surface soils. Aboveground tissues showed no detectable spatial patterns, likely due to 17 different tree species present across sites. Litter and soil Hg concentrations positively correlated with carbon (C), latitude, precipitation, and clay (in soil), which together explained up to 94% of concentration variability. We observed strong latitudinal increases in Hg in soils and litter, in contrast to inverse latitudinal gradients of atmospheric deposition measures. Soil and litter Hg concentrations were closely linked to C contents, consistent with well-known associations between organic matter and Hg, and we propose that C also shapes distribution of Hg in forests at continental scales. The consistent link between C and Hg distribution may reflect a long-term legacy whereby old, C-rich soil and litter layers sequester atmospheric Hg depositions over long time periods. Based on a multiregression model, we present a distribution map of Hg concentrations in surface soils of the United States.
C1 [Obrist, D.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Lindberg, S. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Graeagle, CA USA.
[Luo, Y.; Hararuk, O.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Bracho, R.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Battles, J. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dail, D. B.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA.
[Edmonds, R. L.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Monson, R. K.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ollinger, S. V.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Pallardy, S. G.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA.
[Todd, D. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Obrist, D (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
EM daniel.obrist@dri.edu
RI Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014;
OI Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Battles, John
J./0000-0001-7124-7893
FU U.S Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) [R833378]; DRI
FX We thank A. Pokharel, A. Pierce, C. Berger, J. Dagget, R Higgins, G.
Marty, S. Vadwalas, S. Lee, and R Kreidberg for help with sample
collection, processing, laboratory analyses, and manuscript editing. We
thank B. Gynea, R Wenk, M. Prater, A. Richardson, B. Evans,
P.Mulhoollan, P. Micks, and K. Hosman for help with site visits and
field sampling. This study was funded by the U.S Environmental
Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) through a Science-To-Achieve-Results grant
(No. R833378) and received support by an DRI Internal Project Assignment
grant.
NR 44
TC 75
Z9 77
U1 5
U2 73
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 9
BP 3974
EP 3981
DI 10.1021/es104384m
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 753ZI
UT WOS:000289819400027
PM 21473582
ER
PT J
AU Wan, BNA
Yu, CX
Philippe, P
Luhmann, NC
Ang, T
Domier, CW
Gao, BX
Gentle, K
Huang, H
Li, EZ
Ling, BL
Liu, WD
Liu, Y
Prater, R
Rowan, W
Shen, ZW
Taylor, G
Tobias, BJ
Wang, J
Wang, J
Wen, YZ
Xia, ZG
Xiang, H
Xie, JL
Xu, M
Xu, XY
AF Wan, Baonian
Yu, Changxuan
Philippe, Perry
Luhmann, N. C.
Ang, Ti
Domier, C. W.
Gao, Binxi
Gentle, Kenneth
Huang, He
Li, Erzhong
Ling, Bili
Liu, Wandong
Liu, Yong
Prater, Ron
Rowan, William
Shen, Zuowei
Taylor, Gary
Tobias, Benjamin John
Wang, Jian
Wang, Jun
Wen, Yizhi
Xia, Zhenggang
Xiang, Han
Xie, Jinlin
Xu, Ming
Xu, Xiaoyuan
TI ELECTRON CYCLOTRON HEATING PROGRAM AND ELECTRON CYCLOTRON EMISSION
DIAGNOSTICS ON THE EAST AND HT-7 SUPERCONDUCTING TOKAMAKS
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16)
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci
DE electron cyclotron heating and current drive; electron cyclotron
emission; electron temperature fluctuation
ID TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONS; SYSTEM
AB A program of electron cyclotron heating (ECH) with 4 MW at 140 GHz has been launched for developing scenarios of stable high performance through control of the pressure and current density profiles on the EAST tokamak. Several electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostics are under development as important components of the research program on EAST. The smaller HT-7 tokamak is equipped with a multichannel superheterodyne radiometer and an ECE imaging system. Physics issues including fluctuations driven by electron and ion modes, low frequency zonal flows, magnetic reconnection mechanisms, etc. were investigated on HT-7 using these two systems, which have been moved to EAST after some modifications. New systems, including a 32-channel ECE system and an ECE imaging system of 24(radial) X 16(vertical) channels, are under development. These new systems are designed for the ECH plasma regimes and provide long-range correlation measurements of plasma turbulence. A grating polychromator ECE system has been installed for measurement of the Te profile covering the whole operational range of toroidal magnetic field on EAST.
C1 [Wan, Baonian; Ang, Ti; Li, Erzhong; Ling, Bili; Liu, Yong; Xiang, Han] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Changxuan; Gao, Binxi; Liu, Wandong; Wang, Jun; Wen, Yizhi; Xie, Jinlin; Xu, Ming; Xu, Xiaoyuan] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Philippe, Perry; Gentle, Kenneth; Huang, He; Rowan, William] Univ Texas Austin, Fus Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Luhmann, N. C.; Domier, C. W.; Shen, Zuowei; Tobias, Benjamin John; Wang, Jian; Xia, Zhenggang] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Prater, Ron] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Taylor, Gary] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Wan, BNA (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei, Peoples R China.
EM bnwan@ipp.ac.cn
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
EI 1943-7641
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 631
EP 639
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 761TS
UT WOS:000290424500002
ER
PT J
AU Bae, YS
Joung, M
Yang, HL
Namkung, W
Cho, MH
Park, H
Prater, R
Ellis, RA
Hosea, J
AF Bae, Y. S.
Joung, M.
Yang, H. L.
Namkung, W.
Cho, M. H.
Park, H.
Prater, R.
Ellis, R. A.
Hosea, J.
TI ELECTRON CYCLOTRON HEATING AND CURRENT DRIVE PROGRAM FOR KSTAR BASED ON
THE 170-GHz GYROTRON
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16)
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci
DE electron cyclotron heating; noninductive current drive; tokamak
ID TOKAMAK
AB Electron cyclotron heating and current drive (ECH/ECCD) has become an essential tool for fusion plasma research in toroidal devices. In the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) tokamak, development of a high power and multifrequency ECH/ECCD system is in progress. The multiple frequency sources employed in KSTAR (84 GHz and 110 GHz have been used, and 170 GHz and possibly 140 GHz are planned) support the wide range of operating magnetic fields from similar to 1.5 to 3.5 T. In particular, 170-GHz power, which will be used on ITER, corresponds to the second harmonic of the cyclotron frequency for the KSTAR operating range from 2.5 to 3.5 T. This frequency will be mainly used for control of the local plasma current profile, in order to manipulate the internal magnetohydrodynamic instabilities such as the sawtooth and neoclassical tearing mode, which can be harmful to steady-state high-beta operation. This paper presents the status of the KSTAR ECH/ECCD program and the ray-tracing calculations of the 170-GHz electron cyclotron wave propagation for various plasma conditions in KSTAR. In the ray-tracing simulation, the TORAY-GA ray-tracing code is used to study the dependence of the ECH/ECCD on the plasma profiles as a function of the beam aiming angles.
C1 [Bae, Y. S.; Joung, M.; Yang, H. L.] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea.
[Namkung, W.; Cho, M. H.; Park, H.] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Prater, R.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Ellis, R. A.; Hosea, J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Bae, YS (reprint author), Natl Fus Res Inst, Gwahangno 113, Taejon 305333, South Korea.
EM ysbae@nfri.re.kr
NR 12
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 640
EP 646
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 761TS
UT WOS:000290424500003
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Y
Li, EZ
Ling, BL
Ti, A
Taylor, G
AF Liu, Yong
Li, Erzhong
Ling, Bili
Ti, Ang
Taylor, Gary
TI A 20-CHANNEL GRATING POLYCHROMATOR FOR ELECTRON CYCLOTRON EMISSION
MEASUREMENTS ON EAST
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16)
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci
DE electron cyclotron emission; grating polychromator; EAST
ID ALCATOR-C TOKAMAK; RADIOMETER; PLASMA; SYSTEM
AB A 20-channel grating polychromator transferred from Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory has been rebuilt for electron cyclotron emission measurements on EAST. This instrument measures the second-harmonic electron cyclotron emission from plasma with frequency range from 90 to 250 GHz, which corresponds to a central magnetic field (R-0 = 1.7 m) of 2 to 3.5 Ton EAST. The radial resolution of this instrument is similar to 2.5 cm, and the poloidal spot size of the quasi-optic antenna is similar to 3 cm. New preamplifiers are made and tested, based on the electronics of GPC-II on TFTR. These amplifiers have a gain of around 520, with a 400-kHz, 3-dB rolloff Measurement results from the 2010 EAST experimental campaign show that the intensity of this instrument is similar to 200 mV for electron temperature of 850 eV, and the signal-to-noise ratio is similar to 20.
C1 [Liu, Yong; Li, Erzhong; Ling, Bili; Ti, Ang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
[Taylor, Gary] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
EM liuyong@ipp.ac.cn
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
EI 1943-7641
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 657
EP 662
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 761TS
UT WOS:000290424500006
ER
PT J
AU Udintsev, VS
Vayakis, G
Costley, AE
Patel, KM
Pitcher, CS
Walker, CI
Walsh, MJ
Benchikhoune, M
Bora, D
Dammann, A
Henderson, MA
Levesy, B
Tesini, A
Danani, S
Pandya, H
Vasu, P
Austin, ME
Phillips, PE
Rowan, WL
Feder, R
Johnson, D
AF Udintsev, V. S.
Vayakis, G.
Costley, A. E.
Patel, K. M.
Pitcher, C. S.
Walker, C. I.
Walsh, M. J.
Benchikhoune, M.
Bora, D.
Dammann, A.
Henderson, M. A.
Levesy, B.
Tesini, A.
Danani, S.
Pandya, H.
Vasu, P.
Austin, M. E.
Phillips, P. E.
Rowan, W. L.
Feder, R.
Johnson, D.
TI PROGRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ITER ECE DIAGNOSTIC
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16)
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci
DE ITER; electron cyclotron emission; tokamak; design; neoclassical tearing
mode
AB This paper explains the present status of the ITER electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic and gives an outlook on the upcoming technical and design activity. The open questions of calibration and stability of ECE systems, as well as proposals for the calibration, the design of the front end, and the transmission line are reviewed. The possible role of ECE in the neoclassical tearing mode detection and stabilization by electron cyclotron heating is also discussed. Because integration of the ITER ECE diagnostic within the tokamak requires proper definition of interfaces with many different components located both in-vessel and ex-vessel, a special attention is paid to address the associated issues.
C1 [Udintsev, V. S.; Vayakis, G.; Costley, A. E.; Patel, K. M.; Pitcher, C. S.; Walker, C. I.; Walsh, M. J.; Benchikhoune, M.; Bora, D.; Dammann, A.; Henderson, M. A.; Levesy, B.; Tesini, A.] ITER Org, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Danani, S.; Pandya, H.; Vasu, P.] Inst Plasma Res, Bhat 382428, Gandhinagar, India.
[Austin, M. E.; Phillips, P. E.; Rowan, W. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Fus Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Feder, R.; Johnson, D.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Udintsev, VS (reprint author), ITER Org, Route Vinon CS 90046, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France.
EM victor.udintsev@iter.org
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 678
EP 683
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 761TS
UT WOS:000290424500009
ER
PT J
AU Gandini, F
Bigelow, TS
Becket, B
Caughman, JB
Cox, D
Darbos, C
Gassmann, T
Henderson, MA
Jean, O
Kajiwara, K
Kobayashi, N
Nazare, C
Oda, Y
Omori, T
Purohit, D
Rasmussen, DA
Ronden, DMS
Saibene, G
Sakamoto, K
Shapiro, MA
Takahashi, K
Temkin, RJ
AF Gandini, F.
Bigelow, T. S.
Becket, B.
Caughman, J. B.
Cox, D.
Darbos, C.
Gassmann, T.
Henderson, M. A.
Jean, O.
Kajiwara, K.
Kobayashi, N.
Nazare, C.
Oda, Y.
Omori, T.
Purohit, D.
Rasmussen, D. A.
Ronden, D. M. S.
Saibene, G.
Sakamoto, K.
Shapiro, M. A.
Takahashi, K.
Temkin, R. J.
TI THE EC H&CD TRANSMISSION LINE FOR ITER
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16)
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci
DE ITER; transmission lines; electron cyclotron heating and current drive
ID COMPONENTS; SYSTEM
AB The transmission line (TL) subsystem associated with the ITER electron cyclotron heating and current drive system has reached the conceptual design maturity. At this stage the responsibility of finalizing the design has been transferred from the ITER Organization to the U.S. Domestic Agency. The purpose of the TL is to transmit the microwaves generated by the 170-GHz gyrotrons installed in the radio-frequency building to the launchers located in one equatorial and four upper tokamak ports. Each TL consists of evacuated HE(11) wave guides, direct-current breaks, power monitors, mitre bends, polarizers, switches, loads, and pumping sections and will have a typical length that ranges from 100 to 160 m. Overall transmission efficiency could be as high as 92% depending on the specific path between a given gyrotron and launcher. All components are required to be 2-MW compatible, and their layout and organization have been optimized for simplifying the maintenance accessibility and monitoring the primary tritium barrier integrity. Two different TL layouts are at the moment under study, to accommodate the two alternative options for the European sources: four 2-MW units or eight 1-MW units. In this paper the actual design is presented and the technical requirements are discussed.
C1 [Gandini, F.; Becket, B.; Cox, D.; Darbos, C.; Gassmann, T.; Henderson, M. A.; Jean, O.; Omori, T.; Purohit, D.] ITER Org, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Bigelow, T. S.; Caughman, J. B.; Rasmussen, D. A.] ORNL, US ITER Project Off, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kajiwara, K.; Kobayashi, N.; Oda, Y.; Sakamoto, K.; Takahashi, K.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan.
[Nazare, C.] Assyst Facil, F-78067 St Quentin En Yvelines, France.
[Ronden, D. M. S.] EURATOM, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
[Saibene, G.] Fus Energy, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain.
[Shapiro, M. A.; Temkin, R. J.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Gandini, F (reprint author), ITER Org, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France.
EM franco.gandini@iter.org
RI Caughman, John/R-4889-2016
OI Caughman, John/0000-0002-0609-1164
NR 22
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 709
EP 717
PG 9
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 761TS
UT WOS:000290424500012
ER
PT J
AU Ronden, DMS
Henderson, MA
Becket, B
Bigelow, T
Caughman, J
Darbos, C
Gandini, F
Nazare, C
Rasmussen, D
Udintsev, V
AF Ronden, D. M. S.
Henderson, M. A.
Becket, B.
Bigelow, T.
Caughman, J.
Darbos, C.
Gandini, F.
Nazare, C.
Rasmussen, D.
Udintsev, V.
TI THE ENGINEERING ANALYSIS IN SUPPORT OF THE ITER ELECTRON CYCLOTRON
HEATING AND CURRENT DRIVE TRANSMISSION LINES
SO FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron
Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-16)
CY APR 12-15, 2010
CL Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci, Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Inst Plasma Phys Chinese Acad Sci
DE electron cyclotron heating; transmission line; ITER
AB An engineering study has been poformed on the ITER electron cyclotron transmission lines with the aim of optimizing its conceptual design. The support types and optimum spacing, cooling, vacuum, seismic, and gravitational effects were reviewed. For the vacuum system it was shown that two pumps per line, with a capacity of 50 l/s, are sufficient. It was explained that the temperature variation inside the building is the predominant factor that influences the thermal expansion of the lines. The support strategy is one of minimizing the number of constraints. Variation in support interspacing reduces the degree of harmonic disturbances. The section of transmission line inside the ITER port cell was identified as critical with regards to occurrence of deformation and stresses. Potential solutions are described. The use of seismic breaks is discussed in light of the differences in foundation and structure of the ITER tokamak building and assembly hall. It is proposed that this interface be studied in more detail, after more data is available on the behavior of these buildings. The geometry of individual supports should be simple, with the fewest possible adjustments. The supports are designed to allow small movements of the waveguide to compensate for the thermal expansion or contraction. The transmission line system can be made for optimum alignment during nominal operating temperatures by prestressing during installation.
C1 [Ronden, D. M. S.] EURATOM, FOM Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
[Ronden, D. M. S.] ITER NL, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
[Henderson, M. A.; Becket, B.; Darbos, C.; Gandini, F.; Nazare, C.; Udintsev, V.] ITER Org, F-13067 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Bigelow, T.; Caughman, J.; Rasmussen, D.] ORNL, USIPO, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ronden, DMS (reprint author), EURATOM, FOM Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, POB 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands.
EM d.m.s.ronden@rijnhuizen.nl
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 1536-1055
J9 FUSION SCI TECHNOL
JI Fusion Sci. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 4
BP 718
EP 728
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 761TS
UT WOS:000290424500013
ER
PT J
AU Monga, I
Guok, C
Johnston, WE
Tierney, B
AF Monga, Inder
Guok, Chin
Johnston, William E.
Tierney, Brian
TI Hybrid Networks: Lessons Learned and Future Challenges Based on ESnet4
Experience
SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
AB ESnet, the Energy Sciences Network, has the mission of providing the network infrastructure to the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science programs and facilities, which depend on large collaborations and large-scale data sharing, enabling them to accomplish their science. ESnet4 - a hybrid IP and dynamic circuit network designed in 2006 and completed in 2008 has managed to effectively satisfy the networking needs of the science community, easily handling dramatic growth in traffic requirements: around 80 percent growth year over year and 300 percent growth with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) coming online. In this article, we examine the benefits and limitations of the current hybrid architecture based on actual production experience; discuss open research problems; and predict factors that will drive the evolution of hybrid networks, including advances in network technology, new computer architectures, and the onset of large-scale distributed computing.
C1 [Monga, Inder; Guok, Chin; Johnston, William E.; Tierney, Brian] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab ESnet, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Monga, I (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab ESnet, Berkeley, CA USA.
EM imonga@es.net; chin@es.net; wej@es.net; bltierney@es.net
FU Director, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Thanks to all
current OSCARS open source contributors
(http://code.google.com/p/oscarsidc/people/list), in particular,
Evangelos Chaniotakis, Andy Lake, Eric Pouyoul, and Mary Thomson from
ESnet, Jeff Boote and Aaron Brown at Internet2, and Tom Lehman and Xi
Yang from ISI.
NR 9
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0163-6804
J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG
JI IEEE Commun. Mag.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
BP 114
EP 121
DI 10.1109/MCOM.2011.5762807
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 762BJ
UT WOS:000290447000012
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, T
Yang, X
Ghani, N
Gu, F
Guok, C
Monga, I
Tierney, B
AF Lehman, Tom
Yang, Xi
Ghani, Nasir
Gu, Feng
Guok, Chin
Monga, Inder
Tierney, Brian
TI Multilayer Networks: An Architecture Framework
SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
AB We present an architecture framework for the control and management of multilayer networks and associated advanced network services. This material is identified as an "architecture framework" to emphasize its role in providing guidance and structure to our subsequent detailed architecture, design, and implementation activities. Our work is motivated by requirements from the Department of Energy science application community for real-time on-demand science-domain-specific network services and resource provisioning. We also summarize the current state of deployments and use of network services based on this multilayer network architecture framework.
C1 [Lehman, Tom] Univ So Calif, Comp Networks Div, Inst Informat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Ghani, Nasir; Gu, Feng] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Tierney, Brian] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, ESnet Adv Network Technol Grp, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Lehman, T (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Comp Networks Div, Inst Informat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM imonga@ES.NET
FU U.S. DOE Office of Science [DE-FG02-06ER25741, DE-AC02-05CH11231,
DE-SC0001229]
FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. DOE Office of Science
under award numbers DE-FG02-06ER25741, DE-AC02-05CH11231, and
DE-SC0001229. The authors are very grateful to DOE for its generous
support. In addition, the authors are also very thankful to Dr. Thomas
Ndousse, William Johnston, and Mary Thompson for their many insightful
discussions and feedback.
NR 6
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0163-6804
J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG
JI IEEE Commun. Mag.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
BP 122
EP 130
DI 10.1109/MCOM.2011.5762808
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 762BJ
UT WOS:000290447000013
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SB
Lebensohn, RA
Rollett, AD
AF Lee, S. -B.
Lebensohn, R. A.
Rollett, A. D.
TI Modeling the viscoplastic micromechanical response of two-phase
materials using Fast Fourier Transforms
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Micromechanical modeling; Composite materials; Stress and strain-rate
fields; Viscoplasticity; Microstructure-property relationship
ID METAL-CERAMIC COMPOSITES; GRAIN-GROWTH; HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS;
REINFORCED COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; MATRIX COMPOSITES; SIZE
DISTRIBUTION; NUMERICAL-METHOD; SELF-CONSISTENT; 3 DIMENSIONS
AB A viscoplastic approach using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method for obtaining local mechanical response is utilized to study microstructure-property relationships in composite materials. Specifically, three-dimensional, two-phase digital materials containing isotropically coarsened particles surrounded by a matrix phase, generated through a Kinetic Monte Carlo Potts model for Ostwald ripening, are used as instantiations in order to calculate the stress and strain-rate fields under uniaxial tension. The effects of the morphology of the matrix phase, the volume fraction and the contiguity of particles, and the polycrystallinity of matrix phase, on the stress and strain-rate fields under uniaxial tension are examined. It is found that the first moments of the stress and strain-rate fields have a different dependence on the particle volume fraction and the particle contiguity from their second moments. The average stresses and average strain-rates of both phases and of the overall composite have rather simple relationships with the particle volume fraction whereas their standard deviations vary strongly, especially when the particle volume fraction is high, and the contiguity of particles has a noticeable effect on the mechanical response. It is also found that the shape of stress distribution in the BCC hard particle phase evolves as the volume fraction of particles in the composite varies, such that it agrees with the stress field in the BCC polycrystal as the volume of particles approaches unity. Finally, it is observed that the stress and strain-rate fields in the microstructures with a polycrystalline matrix are less sensitive to changes in volume fraction and contiguity of particles. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lee, S. -B.; Rollett, A. D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Lebensohn, R. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87845 USA.
RP Lee, SB (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM kaiens173@gmail.com
RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008; Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012; LEE,
SUKBIN/A-4936-2012
OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; Rollett,
Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191;
FU High Performance Computing Modernization Office
FX Support from the User Productivity Enhancement and Technology Transfer
Program (PET) of the High Performance Computing Modernization Office for
S.-B.L. and A.D.R. is gratefully acknowledged. Conversations about
composite materials with John Clayton and Tusit Weerasooriya of the Army
Research Laboratory are gratefully acknowledged. The Intel Corporation
is thanked for the provision of computing facilities. S.-B.L. thanks
Professor H.-N. Han for valuable conversations on the modeling of the
plasticity.
NR 65
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0749-6419
J9 INT J PLASTICITY
JI Int. J. Plast.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 5
BP 707
EP 727
DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2010.09.002
PG 21
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
GA 761TB
UT WOS:000290422800003
ER
PT J
AU Armour, KC
Bitz, CM
Thompson, L
Hunke, EC
AF Armour, Kyle C.
Bitz, Cecilia M.
Thompson, LuAnne
Hunke, Elizabeth C.
TI Controls on Arctic Sea Ice from First-Year and Multiyear Ice
Survivability
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; THICKNESS; COVER
AB Recent observations of Arctic sea ice show that the decrease in summer ice cover over the last few decades has occurred in conjunction with a significant loss of multiyear ice. The transition to an Arctic that is populated by thinner, first-year sea ice has important implications for future trends in area and volume. Here, a reduced model for Arctic sea ice is developed. This model is used to investigate how the survivability of first-year and multiyear ice controls the mean state, variability, and trends in ice area and volume. A hindcast with a global dynamic-thermodynamic sea ice model that traces first-year and multiyear ice is used to estimate the survivability of each ice type. These estimates of survivability, in concert with the reduced model, yield persistence time scales of September area and volume anomalies and the characteristics of the sensitivity of sea ice to climate forcing that compare well with a fully coupled climate model. The September area is found to be nearly in equilibrium with climate forcing at all times, and therefore the observed decline in summer sea ice cover is a clear indication of a changing climate. Keeping an account of first-year and multiyear ice area within global climate models offers a powerful way to evaluate those models with observations, and could help to constrain projections of sea ice decline in a warming climate.
C1 [Armour, Kyle C.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bitz, Cecilia M.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Thompson, LuAnne] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hunke, Elizabeth C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Fluid Dynam & Solid Mech Grp T 3, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Armour, KC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Box 351560, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM karmour@u.washington.edu
RI Bitz, Cecilia/S-8423-2016
OI Bitz, Cecilia/0000-0002-9477-7499
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0256011]; Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant
OCE-0256011 (KCA, CMB, and LT). ECH was supported by the Climate Change
Prediction Program of the Department of Energy's Office of Biological
and Environmental Research. We thank Edward Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, Ian
Eisenman, Dargan Frierson, Gerard Roe, and Harry Stern for their helpful
comments; two anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions that
improved the manuscript; and Marika Holland, the editor.
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 9
BP 2378
EP 2390
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3823.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 762EZ
UT WOS:000290457600012
ER
PT J
AU Judi, DR
Burian, SJ
McPherson, TN
AF Judi, David R.
Burian, Steven J.
McPherson, Timothy N.
TI Two-Dimensional Fast-Response Flood Modeling: Desktop Parallel Computing
and Domain Tracking
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Parallel computing; Multicore; Multiprocessor computing; Flood modeling;
Shallow-water equations; Java multithreading; Domain tracking
ID PERFORMANCE; TOPOGRAPHY; FLOWS
AB Emergency flood management is enhanced by using models that can estimate the timing and location of flooding. Typically, flood routing and inundation prediction is accomplished by using one-dimensional (1D) models. These have been the models of choice because they are computationally simple and quick. However, these models do not adequately represent the complex physical processes present for shallow flows located in the floodplain or in urban areas. Two-dimensional (2D) models developed on the basis of the full hydrodynamic equations can be used to represent the complex flow phenomena that exist in the floodplain and are, therefore, recommended by the National Research Council for increased use in flood analysis studies. The major limitation of these models is the increased computational cost. Two-dimensional flood models are prime candidates for parallel computing, but traditional methods/equipment (e. g., message passing paradigm) are more complex in terms of code refactoring and hardware setup. In addition, these hardware systems may not be available or accessible to modelers conducting flood analyses. This paper presents a 2D flood model that implements multithreading for use on now-prevalent multicore computers. This desktop parallel computing architecture has been shown to decrease computation time by 14 times on a 16-processor computer and, when coupled with a wet cell tracking algorithm, has been shown to decrease computation by as much as 310 times. These accomplishments make high-fidelity flood modeling more feasible for flood inundation studies using readily available desktop computers. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000064. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Judi, David R.; McPherson, Timothy N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Burian, Steven J.] Univ Utah, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Judi, DR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS K488, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM djudi@lanl.gov; burian@eng.utah.edu
OI Burian, Steven/0000-0003-0523-4968
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 9
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0887-3801
J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG
JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 3
BP 184
EP 191
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000064
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 762DF
UT WOS:000290451800002
ER
PT J
AU Chen, HLR
Choi, JH
AF Chen, Hung-Liang Roger
Choi, Jeong-Hoon
TI Analysis of Shrinkage and Thermal Stresses in Concrete Slabs Reinforced
with GFRP Rebars
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE GFRP reinforcement; CRCP; Concrete shrinkage; Temperature variation;
Bond slip; Subbase; Crack spacing; Crack width
ID PAVEMENT
AB The corrosion resistance of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars makes them a promising substitute for conventional steel reinforcing rebars in continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCPs). Studies are conducted concerning the effect of using GFRP rebars as reinforcement in CRCP on the concrete stress development, which is directly related to the concrete crack formation that is inevitable in CRCP. In this study, an analytical model of a freely supported reinforced concrete slab is first developed to simulate the shrinkage and thermal stress distributions in concrete owing to the restraint provided by GFRP rebars in comparison with the stresses induced by steel rebars. The results show that the stress level in concrete is reduced with GFRP rebars owing to a low Young's modulus of GFRP. In addition, the analytical model is utilized to estimate the concrete strain variation in the reinforced concrete slabs resulting from changes in the concrete volume, and the results are compared with the experimental observation. Finite-element (FE) analyses were also conducted to calculate the stress distribution and crack width of a GFRP-reinforced CRCP section subjected to both the concrete shrinkage and thermal change. By using the FE method, the crack spacing and crack width of a CRCP reinforced with GFRP rebars were predicted and compared with those of a steel-reinforced CRCP. The result shows that the crack spacing and the crack width of the GFRP-CRCP are larger than those of the steel-CRCP. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000216. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Choi, Jeong-Hoon] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Chen, Hung-Liang Roger] W Virginia Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Choi, JH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM Roger.Chen@mail.wvu.edu; choij@netl.doe.gov
OI Chen, Hung-Liang/0000-0002-4278-5593
FU USDOT/FHWA [DTFH61-99-X-00078]
FX The writers gratefully acknowledge support from USDOT/FHWA
DTFH61-99-X-00078 and special thanks to Peter Kopac and Sam Tyson of the
FHWA for their valuable comments and support. Appreciation is also
extended to Dr. Hota V. GangaRao and Dr. P. V. Vijay of the Constructed
Facility Center at West Virginia University for their assistance during
this study.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 9
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0899-1561
J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG
JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 5
BP 612
EP 627
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000216
PG 16
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 762EF
UT WOS:000290454800012
ER
PT J
AU Jha, AK
Chen, L
Offeman, RD
Balsara, NP
AF Jha, Ashish K.
Chen, Liang
Offeman, Richard D.
Balsara, Nitash P.
TI Effect of nanoscale morphology on selective ethanol transport through
block copolymer membranes
SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Block-copolymer; Nanostructure; Selective ethanol-transport; Domain size
effect
ID WATER MIXTURES; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; ALCOHOL-WATER; PERVAPORATION;
FERMENTATION; SEPARATION; PERMEABILITY; PERMSELECTIVITY; POLYMERIZATION;
PRETREATMENT
AB We report on the effect of nanoscale morphology on transport of ethanol/water mixtures through block copolymer membranes. In particular, we show that ethanol selectivity and overall flux can be optimized by varying the size of block copolymer domains at fixed composition. Experiments were conducted on two separate systems using polybutadiene (PB) and polydimethyl siloxane-g-polymethylmethacrylate (PDMS-MA) as the transporting blocks, using an 8 wt% ethanol/water mixture as the feed. The domain spacings for PB- and PDMS-MA-based samples were varied from 19 to 55 nm and 28 to 70 nm, respectively, at fixed compositions. The membrane separation factor increases with domain spacing for both membranes. In the case of the PB-based system, the smallest domain size system with d = 19 nm was water selective while those with larger domain spacings were ethanol selective. The total flux through the PB-based membranes increases with increasing domain spacing until it reaches a maximum at a domain spacing of 39 nm in spite of the fact that the stiffness of the polymers increases monotonically with increasing domain spacing. In contrast, the total flux through the PDMS-MA-based membranes does not depend on domain spacing. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jha, Ashish K.; Chen, Liang; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Offeman, Richard D.] USDA, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu
RI Chen, Liang/A-7524-2011
FU Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley; Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Energy Biosciences Institute, University
of California, Berkeley. The Advanced Light Source at LBNL is supported
by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. TEM was
performed at the National Center of Electron Microscopy at LBNL in
collaboration with the Soft Matter Microscopy Program. We acknowledge
David Wong for his help with identification of SBS as a possible system
for the present study.
NR 41
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-7388
J9 J MEMBRANE SCI
JI J. Membr. Sci.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 373
IS 1-2
BP 112
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.02.043
PG 9
WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA 761ST
UT WOS:000290421900015
ER
PT J
AU Nurmi, JT
Sarathy, V
Tratnyek, PG
Baer, DR
Amonette, JE
Karkamkar, A
AF Nurmi, James T.
Sarathy, Vaishnavi
Tratnyek, Paul G.
Baer, Donald R.
Amonette, James E.
Karkamkar, Abhi
TI Recovery of iron/iron oxide nanoparticles from solution: comparison of
methods and their effects
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Recovery; Flash drying; Weight loss; Colloids; Thermogravimetric
analysis; Transmission electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray
photoelectron; spectroscopy; Linear sweep voltammetry
ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; ZEROVALENT IRON; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TCE
DECHLORINATION; PACKING DENSITIES; POWDER ELECTRODES; KINETICS; WATER;
REACTIVITY; PATHWAYS
AB Most methods currently being used to recover Fe-0-core/oxide-shell nanoparticles from solutions (including the solvents they are synthesized or stored in) are potentially problematic because they may alter the particle composition (e.g., depositing salts formed from solutes) or leave the particles prone to transformations during subsequent storage and handling (e.g., due to residual moisture). In this study, several methods for recovery of nanoparticles from aqueous solution were studied to determine how they affect the structure and reactivity of the recovered materials. Simple washing of the nanoparticles during vacuum filtration (i.e., "flash drying") can leave up to similar to 17 wt% residual moisture. Modeling calculations suggest this moisture is mostly capillary or matric water held between particles and particle aggregates, which can be removed by drying for short periods at relative vapor pressures below 0.9. Flash drying followed by vacuum drying, all under N-2, leaves no detectable residue from precipitation of solutes (detectable by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS), no significant changes in overall particle composition or structure (determined by transmission electron microscopy, TEM), and negligible residual moisture (by thermogravimetric analysis, TGA). While this improved flash-drying protocol may be the preferred method for recovering nanoparticles for many purposes, we found that Fe-0-core/oxide-shell nanoparticles still exhibit gradual aging during storage when characterized electrochemically with voltammetry.
C1 [Nurmi, James T.; Sarathy, Vaishnavi; Tratnyek, Paul G.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, Portland, OR 97006 USA.
[Baer, Donald R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Amonette, James E.; Karkamkar, Abhi] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Tratnyek, PG (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, 20000 NW Walker Rd, Portland, OR 97006 USA.
EM tratnyek@ebs.ogi.edu; don.baer@pnl.gov
RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013
OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences; DOE [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX We acknowledge and thank C.-M. Wang, P. Nachimuthu, M. H. Engelhard, J.
Kwak, and C. K. Russell for their assistance with TEM, XRD, XPS, and BET
measurements and sample preparation. Samples of nano-Fe0 were
donated by the Toda Kogyo Corp. We would also like to thank students
Abram J. Ledbetter and Jharana Dhal who conducted some exploratory work
on particle recovery during a Nanotechnology course hosted by the
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and the William R. Wiley
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL). This work was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Division of Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. Parts of the work were conducted
at the EMSL, which is located at PNNL. EMSL is a DOE User Facility
operated by Battelle for the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental
Research. PNNL is operated for the DOE under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO
1830.
NR 40
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-0764
J9 J NANOPART RES
JI J. Nanopart. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 13
IS 5
BP 1937
EP 1952
DI 10.1007/s11051-010-9946-x
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 763RO
UT WOS:000290577600012
ER
PT J
AU Valentine, SJ
Kurulugama, RT
Clemmer, DE
AF Valentine, Stephen J.
Kurulugama, Ruwan T.
Clemmer, David E.
TI Overtone Mobility Spectrometry: Part 3. On the Origin of Peaks
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ion mobility spectrometry; Overtone mobility spectrometry; Mass
spectrometry
ID LC-IMS-MS; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE SEPARATIONS; ION FUNNEL;
PEPTIDE MIXTURES; PLASMA PROTEOME; TOFMS ANALYSIS; IONIZATION;
BIOMOLECULES; RANGE
AB The origin of non-integer overtone peaks in overtone mobility spectrometry (OMS) spectra is investigated by ion trajectory simulations. Simulations indicate that these OMS features arise from higher-order overtone series. An empirically-derived formula is presented as a means of describing the positions of peaks. The new equation makes it possible to determine collision cross sections from any OMS peak. Additionally, it is extended as a means of predicting the resolving power for any peak in an OMS distribution.
C1 [Valentine, Stephen J.; Clemmer, David E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Kurulugama, Ruwan T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Clemmer, DE (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM clemmer@indiana.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [1RC1GM090797-01]; Lilly; DoD NSWC Crane
"Next Generation Threat Detection" [N00164-08-C-JQ11]
FX The authors are grateful for partial support of this work from the
National Institutes of Health (1RC1GM090797-01) and the METACyt
initiative, funded by a grant from the Lilly Endowment. This work is
also supported in part by funding through the DoD NSWC Crane "Next
Generation Threat Detection" (N00164-08-C-JQ11).
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1044-0305
J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR
JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 5
BP 804
EP 816
DI 10.1007/s13361-011-0087-y
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry,
Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 762EA
UT WOS:000290454300002
PM 21472515
ER
PT J
AU Abel, M
Neumark, DM
Leone, SR
Pfeifer, T
AF Abel, Mark
Neumark, Daniel M.
Leone, Stephen R.
Pfeifer, Thomas
TI Classical and quantum control of electrons using the carrier-envelope
phase of strong laser fields
SO LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultrafast laser science; laser control; attosecond physics
ID HIGH-HARMONIC GENERATION; ATTOSECOND PULSE GENERATION; OPTICAL FREQUENCY
COMBS; HALF-CYCLE CUTOFFS; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; UNIMOLECULAR
REACTIONS; ABSOLUTE-PHASE; STABILIZATION; LIGHT; LOCALIZATION
AB Electrons are among the lightest quantum particles in nature, yet they are of paramount importance in any kind of chemical reaction as they are the essence of molecular bonds. For several years, laser fields have been used towards the final goal of controlling chemical reaction dynamics. While early experiments focused mainly on the control of the internuclear wavefunction of rather heavy molecules, advances in shortpulse laser technology now allow the control of lighter molecules all the way down to hydrogen and even the direct control of electrons and their quantum wavefunctions. In this context, the stabilization and control of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of laser pulses has been one of the crucial technological advances that set off a revolution in ultrafast laser science. The authors review and summarize some of the past and current experimental achievements and theoretical ideas on CEP laser control of electrons. It will become clear that in some cases, depending on the control scenario, electrons can be considered to behave as classical particles and the control of their trajectories follow the laws of classical Newtonian mechanics while in other cases, the quantum nature of electrons is directly exploited to steer electron dynamics by means of quantum interference.
C1 [Abel, Mark; Neumark, Daniel M.; Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeifer, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Abel, Mark; Neumark, Daniel M.; Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeifer, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Abel, Mark; Neumark, Daniel M.; Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeifer, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ultrafast Xray Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Abel, Mark; Neumark, Daniel M.; Leone, Stephen R.; Pfeifer, Thomas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Abel, Mark] Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
[Pfeifer, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Abel, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM markabel@fhi-berlin.mpg.de; tpfeifer@mpi-hd.mpg.de
RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009
OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-04-1-0242];
National Science Foundation (NSF) Extreme Ultraviolet Center
[EEC-0310717]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0742662]; Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
FX We acknowledge the MURI program of the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR), contract FA9550-04-1-0242, and the National Science
Foundation (NSF) Extreme Ultraviolet Center EEC-0310717 for their
support of the Berkeley laboratory. Support is also acknowledged from
National Science Foundation Chemistry grant CHE-0742662. The laboratory
infrastructure and recent efforts are supported by the Director, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S. Department of
Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. T. P. acknowledges financial
support by an MPRG grant of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft.
NR 90
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 22
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1863-8880
J9 LASER PHOTONICS REV
JI Laser Photon. Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 3
BP 352
EP 367
DI 10.1002/lpor.201000018
PG 16
WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Optics; Physics
GA 761JZ
UT WOS:000290395400002
ER
PT J
AU Mitchell, JJ
Glenn, NF
Sankey, TT
Derryberry, DR
Anderson, MO
Hruska, RC
AF Mitchell, Jessica J.
Glenn, Nancy F.
Sankey, Temuulen T.
Derryberry, DeWayne R.
Anderson, Matthew O.
Hruska, Ryan C.
TI Small-footprint Lidar Estimations of Sagebrush Canopy Characteristics
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID AIRBORNE SCANNING LASER; WYOMING BIG SAGEBRUSH; BOREAL NATURE-RESERVE;
LEAF-AREA INDEX; TREE HEIGHT; BIOMASS ESTIMATION; STEPPE VEGETATION;
WINTER; COMMUNITIES; ELEVATION
AB The height and shape of shrub canopies are critical measurements for characterizing shrub steppe rangelands. Remote sensing technologies might provide an efficient method to acquire these measurements across large areas. This study compared point-cloud and rasterized lidar data to field-measured sagebrush height and shape to quantify the correlation between field-based and lidar-derived estimates. The results demonstrated that discrete return, small-footprint lidar with high point density (9.46 points/m(2)) can provide strong predictions of true sagebrush height (R-2 of 0.84 to 0.86), but with a consistent underestimation of approximately 30 percent. Our results provided the first successful lidar-based descriptors of sagebrush shape with R-2 values of 0.65, 0.74, and 0.78 for respective predictions of shortest canopy diameter, longest canopy diameter, and canopy area. Future studies can extend lidar-derived shrub height and shape measurements to canopy volume, cover, and biomass estimates.
C1 [Mitchell, Jessica J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
[Glenn, Nancy F.; Sankey, Temuulen T.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83702 USA.
[Derryberry, DeWayne R.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Math, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Anderson, Matthew O.; Hruska, Ryan C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Mitchell, JJ (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, 995 Univ Blvd, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA.
EM mitcjess@isu.edu
RI Glenn, Nancy/B-4491-2014
OI Glenn, Nancy/0000-0003-2124-7654
FU Idaho National Laboratory; Idaho Space Grant Consortium; NOAA Earth
System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division [NA06OAR4600124];
ISU [DLA060249]
FX This study was made possible by data and a grant provided by the Idaho
National Laboratory and grants from the Idaho Space Grant Consortium and
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division Grant
No. NA06OAR4600124, and the BLM Owyhee Uplands Pilot Project (ISU-BLM
Agreement No. DLA060249). Many thanks to Roger Blew of S.M. Stoller
Corporation, who facilitated field data collection access.
NR 52
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 5
BP 521
EP 530
PG 10
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 761SO
UT WOS:000290421300007
ER
PT J
AU Sekhon, RS
Lin, HN
Childs, KL
Hansey, CN
Buell, CR
de Leon, N
Kaeppler, SM
AF Sekhon, Rajandeep S.
Lin, Haining
Childs, Kevin L.
Hansey, Candice N.
Buell, C. Robin
de Leon, Natalia
Kaeppler, Shawn M.
TI Genome-wide atlas of transcription during maize development
SO PLANT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE maize; transcriptome; gene atlas; gene expression; development;
microarray
ID GENE-EXPRESSION ATLAS; LIGNIN MODIFICATION; GRASSES; RESOURCES;
DYNAMICS; DATABASE; BIOLOGY; TISSUES; PROTEIN; SORGHUM
AB P>Maize is an important model species and a major constituent of human and animal diets. It has also emerged as a potential feedstock and model system for bioenergy research due to recent worldwide interest in developing plant biomass-based, carbon-neutral liquid fuels. To understand how the underlying genome sequence results in specific plant phenotypes, information on the temporal and spatial transcription patterns of genes is crucial. Here we present a comprehensive atlas of global transcription profiles across developmental stages and plant organs. We used a NimbleGen microarray containing 80 301 probe sets to profile transcription patterns in 60 distinct tissues representing 11 major organ systems of inbred line B73. Of the 30 892 probe sets representing the filtered B73 gene models, 91.4% were expressed in at least one tissue. Interestingly, 44.5% of the probe sets were expressed in all tissues, indicating a substantial overlap of gene expression among plant organs. Clustering of maize tissues based on global gene expression profiles resulted in formation of groups of biologically related tissues. We utilized this dataset to examine the expression of genes that encode enzymes in the lignin biosynthetic pathway, and found that expansion of distinct gene families was accompanied by divergent, tissue-specific transcription patterns of the paralogs. This comprehensive expression atlas represents a valuable resource for gene discovery and functional characterization in maize.
C1 [Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; de Leon, Natalia; Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; de Leon, Natalia; Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Lin, Haining; Childs, Kevin L.; Hansey, Candice N.; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Lin, Haining; Childs, Kevin L.; Hansey, Candice N.; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Kaeppler, SM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM smkaeppl@wisc.edu
RI Childs, Kevin/C-9513-2014;
OI Childs, Kevin/0000-0002-3680-062X; Kaeppler, Shawn/0000-0002-5964-1668
FU Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Department
of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research)
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX We thank Nathan Springer (Department of Plant Biology, University of
Minnesota) and Karen McGinnis (Department of Biological Sciences,
Florida State University) for critical reading of the manuscript. This
work was funded by the Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy
Research Center (Department of Energy Office of Biological and
Environmental Research grant number DE-FC02-07ER64494). The authors
thank the PLEXdb team of Sudhansu Dash, John Van Hemert, Roger Wise and
Julie Dickerson, and the MaizeGDB team of Ethalinda Cannon, Taner Sen,
Bremen Braun, Jack Gardiner, Mary Schaeffer and Carolyn Lawrence for
making this resource easily visualized by the plant community.
NR 37
TC 220
Z9 227
U1 4
U2 50
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0960-7412
J9 PLANT J
JI Plant J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 66
IS 4
BP 553
EP 563
DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04527.x
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 762ES
UT WOS:000290456400001
PM 21299659
ER
PT J
AU Alahuhta, M
Luo, YH
Ding, SY
Himmel, ME
Lunin, VV
AF Alahuhta, Markus
Luo, Yonghua
Ding, Shi-You
Himmel, Michael E.
Lunin, Vladimir V.
TI Structure of CBM4 from Clostridium thermocellum cellulase K
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION
COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULES; REFINEMENT
AB Here, a 2.0 angstrom resolution X-ray structure of Clostridium thermocellum cellulase K family 4 carbohydrate-binding module (CelK CBM4) is reported. The resulting structure was refined to an R factor of 0.212 and an R(free) of 0.274. Structural analysis shows that this new structure is very similar to the previously solved structure of C. thermocellum CbhA CBM4. Most importantly, these data support the previously proposed notion of an extended binding pocket using a novel tryptophan-containing loop that may be highly conserved in clostridial CBM4 proteins.
C1 [Alahuhta, Markus; Luo, Yonghua; Ding, Shi-You; Himmel, Michael E.; Lunin, Vladimir V.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, BioSci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lunin, VV (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, BioSci Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM vladimir.lunin@nrel.gov
RI Alahuhta, Markus/E-9344-2012; Ding, Shi-You/O-1209-2013
FU DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
through the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research
Center
FX This work was supported by the DOE Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research through the BioEnergy Science
Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1744-3091
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F
JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 67
BP 527
EP 530
DI 10.1107/S1744309111003307
PN 5
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA 759JF
UT WOS:000290235900001
PM 21543854
ER
PT J
AU Lazar, LM
Fisher, SZ
Moulin, AG
Kovalevsky, A
Novak, WRP
Langan, P
Petsko, GA
Ringe, D
AF Lazar, Louis M.
Fisher, S. Zoe
Moulin, Aaron G.
Kovalevsky, Andrey
Novak, Walter R. P.
Langan, Paul
Petsko, Gregory A.
Ringe, Dagmar
TI Time-of-flight neutron diffraction study of bovine gamma-chymotrypsin at
the Protein Crystallography Station
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION
COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; SPALLATION NEUTRONS;
PROTONATION STATES; ALDOSE REDUCTASE; RESOLUTION; REFINEMENT; HYDROGEN;
MODEL; PK
AB The overarching goal of this research project is to determine, for a subset of proteins, exact hydrogen positions using neutron diffraction, thereby improving H-atom placement in proteins so that they may be better used in various computational methods that are critically dependent upon said placement. In order to be considered applicable for neutron diffraction studies, the protein of choice must be amenable to ultrahigh-resolution X-ray crystallography, be able to form large crystals (1 mm(3) or greater) and have a modestly sized unit cell (no dimension longer than 100 angstrom). As such, gamma-chymotrypsin is a perfect candidate for neutron diffraction. To understand and probe the role of specific active-site residues and hydrogen-bonding patterns in gamma-chymotrypsin, neutron diffraction studies were initiated at the Protein Crystallography Station (PCS) at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). A large single crystal was subjected to H/D exchange prior to data collection. Time-of-flight neutron diffraction data were collected to 2.0 angstrom resolution at the PCS with similar to 85% completeness. Here, the first time-of-flight neutron data collection from gamma-chymotrypsin is reported.
C1 [Lazar, Louis M.; Moulin, Aaron G.; Novak, Walter R. P.; Petsko, Gregory A.; Ringe, Dagmar] Brandeis Univ, Dept Biochem, Waltham, MA 02454 USA.
[Lazar, Louis M.; Moulin, Aaron G.; Novak, Walter R. P.; Petsko, Gregory A.; Ringe, Dagmar] Brandeis Univ, Rosenstiel Basic Med Sci Res Ctr, Waltham, MA 02454 USA.
[Fisher, S. Zoe; Kovalevsky, Andrey; Langan, Paul] Los Alamos Natl Lab, BioSci Div B8, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Ringe, D (reprint author), Brandeis Univ, Dept Biochem, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02454 USA.
EM ringe@brandeis.edu
RI Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015
OI Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122
FU Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research
(DOE-OBER); US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institutes of Health
[GM32415, GM26788]; Fidelity [16-28100-40000-401591]
FX The PCS is funded by the Department of Energy Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (DOE-OBER). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was
supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This
research was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants GM32415
and GM26788 (to GAP and DR). LL was supported in part by Fidelity Grant
No. 16-28100-40000-401591 as well as NIH Grant GM32415.
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1744-3091
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F
JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 67
BP 587
EP 590
DI 10.1107/S1744309111009341
PN 5
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA 759JF
UT WOS:000290235900015
PM 21543868
ER
PT J
AU Tobimatsu, Y
Davidson, CL
Grabber, JH
Ralph, J
AF Tobimatsu, Yuki
Davidson, Christy L.
Grabber, John H.
Ralph, John
TI Fluorescence-Tagged Monolignols: Synthesis, and Application to Studying
In Vitro Lignification
SO BIOMACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; CELL-WALL; DEHYDROGENATIVE-POLYMERIZATIONS;
LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; BETA-GLYCOSIDES; TRYPTOPHAN FLUORESCENCE; PLANT
PEROXIDASES; ENZYMES; MODEL; ISOCONIFERIN
AB Fluorescence-tagged coniferyl alcohols, coniferyl alcohol gamma-coupled by ethylenediamine spacers to dimethylaminocoumarin or nitrobenzofuran fluorophores, were tested as photoprobes to study the oxidase-mediated polymerization of monolignols. The fluorescent coniferyl alcohol derivatives readily underwent peroxidase-catalyzed in vitro copolymerization with coniferyl alcohol to yield fluorescent dehydrogenation polymers, the backbone polymers of which were structurally indistinguishable from polymers formed solely from coniferyl alcohol. To illustrate the use of the photoprobes, we successfully monitored in real time the complexation of coniferyl alcohol with horseradish apoperoxidase by Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) using the protein-tryptophan near the active site and a dimethylarninocoumarin moiety as donor and acceptor fluorophores. Furthermore, mixtures of fluorescence-tagged and normal coniferyl alcohols readily diffused into isolated maize cell walls and reacted with wall-bound percoddases to form in muro artificial lignins that could be visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Thus we anticipate that fluorescence-tagged monolignols will be useful for in vitro and in vivo studies of cell wall lignification.
C1 [Tobimatsu, Yuki; Davidson, Christy L.; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, Enzyme Inst, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Grabber, John H.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Tobimatsu, Y (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, Enzyme Inst, 1710 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
EM tobimatsu@wisc.edu; jralph@wisc.edu
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; University of Wisconsin
Graduate School; U.S. DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE
Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Stanford's Global Climate
and Energy Project
FX We thank Prof. George H. Reed and Dr. Darrell M. McCaslin for assistance
with fluorescence spectroscopy that was performed at UW Biophysics
Instrumentation Facility, Dr. Sarah Swanson for fluorescence microscopic
imaging that was performed at UW Plant Imaging Center, and Drs. Hoon Kim
and Fachuang Lu for their assistance with NMR spectroscopy. Y.T. was
supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad provided by
the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. We gratefully
acknowledge partial funding from a University of Wisconsin Graduate
School Vilas Associate Award, the U.S. DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy
Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494), and
Stanford's Global Climate and Energy Project.
NR 57
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1525-7797
J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES
JI Biomacromolecules
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1752
EP 1761
DI 10.1021/bm200136x
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science
GA 759LP
UT WOS:000290246400040
PM 21410250
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MQ
Han, J
Haq, Z
Tyner, WE
Wu, M
Elgowainy, A
AF Wang, Michael Q.
Han, Jeongwoo
Haq, Zia
Tyner, Wallace E.
Wu, May
Elgowainy, Amgad
TI Energy and greenhouse gas emission effects of corn and cellulosic
ethanol with technology improvements and land use changes
SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ethanol; Life-cycle analysis; Energy balance; Greenhouse gas emissions;
Land use change
ID LIFE-CYCLE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FUEL ETHANOL; BIOFUELS; PRODUCTS; SYSTEMS;
BIODIESEL; BIOMASS; COSTS
AB Use of ethanol as a transportation fuel in the United States has grown from 76 dam(3) in 1980 to over 40.1 hm(3) in 2009 - and virtually all of it has been produced from corn. It has been debated whether using corn ethanol results in any energy and greenhouse gas benefits. This issue has been especially critical in the past several years, when indirect effects, such as indirect land use changes, associated with U.S. corn ethanol production are considered in evaluation. In the past three years, modeling of direct and indirect land use changes related to the production of corn ethanol has advanced significantly. Meanwhile, technology improvements in key stages of the ethanol life cycle (such as corn farming and ethanol production) have been made. With updated simulation results of direct and indirect land use changes and observed technology improvements in the past several years, we conducted a life-cycle analysis of ethanol and show that at present and in the near future, using corn ethanol reduces greenhouse gas emission by more than 20%, relative to those of petroleum gasoline. On the other hand, second-generation ethanol could achieve much higher reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. In a broader sense, sound evaluation of U.S. biofuel policies should account for both unanticipated consequences and technology potentials. We maintain that the usefulness of such evaluations is to provide insight into how to prevent unanticipated consequences and how to promote efficient technologies with policy intervention. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Michael Q.; Han, Jeongwoo; Wu, May; Elgowainy, Amgad] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Haq, Zia] US DOE, Off Biomass Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Tyner, Wallace E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Wang, MQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM mqwang@anl.gov
FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the United States
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy of the United States Department of Energy, under contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 67
TC 66
Z9 66
U1 2
U2 55
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0961-9534
J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG
JI Biomass Bioenerg.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1885
EP 1896
DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.028
PG 12
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 759KA
UT WOS:000290238200034
ER
PT J
AU Yazdanpanah, F
Sokhansanj, S
Lau, AK
Lim, CJ
Bi, X
Melin, S
AF Yazdanpanah, F.
Sokhansanj, S.
Lau, A. K.
Lim, C. J.
Bi, X.
Melin, S.
TI Airflow versus pressure drop for bulk wood pellets
SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pressure drop; Airflow; Wood pellets; Ventilation; Ergun; Shedd
ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; RESISTANCE; VENTILATION; GRAINS; CHIP
AB Data on the resistance of wood pellets to airflow are required for the design and control of ventilation, cooling, and drying of bulk pellets. In this study, pressure drops versus airflows were measured for several sizes of cylindrical wood pellets. The pellet diameter was 6.4 mm; the length varied from 4 to 34 mm. Experimental airflow rates ranged from 0.014 to 0.8 m(3) s(-1) m(-2). The corresponding measured static pressures ranged from 2 to 2550 Pa m(-1). Three predictive models of Shedd, Hukill-Ives, and Ergun that relate pressure drop to airflow in bulk granular materials were fitted to the data. The Ergun equation provided the best fit. The results obtained from this study are comparable to those reported by other researchers for biomass such as 28 mm long cut willow chips and 6.4 mm diameter alfalfa pellets. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yazdanpanah, F.; Sokhansanj, S.; Lau, A. K.; Lim, C. J.; Bi, X.; Melin, S.] Univ British Columbia, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
[Sokhansanj, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Melin, S.] Delta Res Corp, Delta, BC, Canada.
RP Lau, AK (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
EM aklau@chbe.ubc.ca
RI Lau, Anthony/J-8519-2015
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC);
Office of Biomass Program of the U.S. Department of Energy
FX The authors wish to acknowledge financial support of Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Office of
Biomass Program of the U.S. Department of Energy. Thanks are also
extended to Princeton Co-generation Corporation for donating wood
pellets for this project.
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0961-9534
J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG
JI Biomass Bioenerg.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 5
BP 1960
EP 1966
DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.042
PG 7
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA 759KA
UT WOS:000290238200043
ER
PT J
AU Alayoglu, S
Tao, F
Altoe, V
Specht, C
Zhu, ZW
Aksoy, F
Butcher, DR
Renzas, RJ
Liu, Z
Somorjai, GA
AF Alayoglu, Selim
Tao, Franklin
Altoe, Virginia
Specht, Colin
Zhu, Zhongwei
Aksoy, Funda
Butcher, Derek R.
Renzas, Russ J.
Liu, Zhi
Somorjai, Gabor A.
TI Surface Composition and Catalytic Evolution of Au (x) Pd1-x (x=0.25,
0.50 and 0.75) Nanoparticles Under CO/O-2 Reaction in Torr Pressure
Regime and at 200 A degrees C
SO CATALYSIS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanoparticles; Gold; Palladium; Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy; CO/O-2 reaction; Surface composition
ID GOLD/PALLADIUM BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES; CORE-SHELL NANOPARTICLES;
MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ALLOY CATALYST; PALLADIUM-GOLD;
OXIDATION; PD; ADSORPTION; OXYGEN
AB Au (x) Pd1-x (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) nanoparticle (NP) catalysts (8-11 nm) were synthesized by a one-pot reaction strategy using colloidal chemistry. XPS depth profiles with variable X-ray energies and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses show that the as-synthesized Au (x) Pd1-x (x = 0.25 and 0.5) bimetallic NPs have gradient alloy structures with Au-rich cores and Pd-rich shells. The evolution of composition and structure in the surface region corresponding to a mean free path of 0.6-0.8 nm (i.e., 2-3 layers to the bulk from the particle surface) was studied with ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) under CO/O-2 reaction in the Torr pressure regime. Under the reaction conditions of 80 mTorr CO and 200 mTorr O-2 at 200 A degrees C, the surface region of Au0.75Pd0.25 NP is Au-rich (similar to 70% by Au). All Au (x) Pd1-x (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) NP catalysts have higher turnover rates for the model CO/O-2 reaction than pure Pd and pure Au NPs. The Pd-rich Au0.25Pd0.75 NPs show the highest turnover rates and the Pd-rich Au0.5Pd0.5 NPs the lowest turnover rates at 200 A degrees C. Interestingly, the Au-rich Au0.75Pd0.25 NPs exhibit steady-state turnover rates which are intermediate to those of the Pd-rich bimetallic nanoparticles.
C1 [Alayoglu, Selim; Tao, Franklin; Specht, Colin; Zhu, Zhongwei; Butcher, Derek R.; Renzas, Russ J.; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Alayoglu, Selim; Tao, Franklin; Specht, Colin; Zhu, Zhongwei; Butcher, Derek R.; Renzas, Russ J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Altoe, Virginia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Aksoy, Funda; Liu, Zhi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Sources, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM somorjai@berkeley.edu
RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009
OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561
FU Honda Corporation; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work is funded by Honda Corporation and supported by the Director
of the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S.
Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors
acknowledge support of the National Center for Electron Microscopy,
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, which is supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract # DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work at the Molecular Foundry
was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Material Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract # DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Advanced
Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 41
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 62
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1011-372X
EI 1572-879X
J9 CATAL LETT
JI Catal. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 141
IS 5
BP 633
EP 640
DI 10.1007/s10562-011-0565-7
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 758LN
UT WOS:000290166400002
ER
PT J
AU Kwak, JH
Mei, DH
Peden, CHF
Rousseau, R
Szanyi, J
AF Kwak, Ja Hun
Mei, Donghai
Peden, Charles H. F.
Rousseau, Roger
Szanyi, Janos
TI (100) facets of gamma-Al2O3: The Active Surfaces for Alcohol Dehydration
Reactions
SO CATALYSIS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alcohol; Dehydration reactions; (100) facets; Penta-coordinate Al3+ ions
ID GAMMA-ALUMINA SURFACES; ADSORPTION; SITES; FTIR; DFT
AB Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of ethanol, as well as ethanol and methanol dehydration reactions were studied on gamma-Al2O3 in order to identify the active catalytic sites for alcohol dehydration reactions. Two high temperature (> 473 K) desorption features were observed following ethanol adsorption. Samples calcined at T a parts per thousand currency sign 473 K displayed a desorption feature in the 523-533 K temperature range, while those calcined at T a parts per thousand yen 673 K showed a single desorption feature at 498 K. These two high temperature desorption features correspond to the exclusive formation of ethylene on the Lewis (498 K) and Bronsted acidic (similar to 525 K) sites. The amount of ethylene formed under conditions where the competition between water and ethanol for adsorption sites is minimized is identical over the two surfaces. Furthermore, a nearly 1-to-1 correlation between the number of under-coordinated Al3+ ions on the (100) facets of gamma-Al2O3 and the number of ethylene molecules formed in the ethanol TPD experiments on samples calcined at T a parts per thousand yen 673 K was found. Titration of the penta-coordinate Al3+ sites on the (100) facets of gamma-Al2O3 by BaO completely eliminated the methanol dehydration reaction activity. These results demonstrate that in alcohol dehydration reactions on gamma-Al2O3, the (100) facets are the active catalytic surfaces. The observed activities can be linked to the same Al3+ ions on both hydrated and dehydrated surfaces: penta-coordinate Al3+ ions (Lewis acid sites), and their corresponding -OH groups (Bronsted acid sites), depending on the calcination temperature.
C1 [Kwak, Ja Hun; Mei, Donghai; Peden, Charles H. F.; Rousseau, Roger; Szanyi, Janos] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Kwak, JH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999,MS K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM kwak@pnl.gov; chuck.peden@pnl.gov; janos.szanyi@pnl.gov
RI Mei, Donghai/D-3251-2011; Mei, Donghai/A-2115-2012; Rousseau,
Roger/C-3703-2014; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014;
OI Mei, Donghai/0000-0002-0286-4182; Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928
FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Chemical Sciences; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); US
DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences for the support of
this work. The research described in this paper was performed at the
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the US DOE by Battelle Memorial
Institute under contract number DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 14
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 8
U2 100
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1011-372X
J9 CATAL LETT
JI Catal. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 141
IS 5
BP 649
EP 655
DI 10.1007/s10562-010-0496-8
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 758LN
UT WOS:000290166400004
ER
PT J
AU Chen, WZ
Rein, FN
Scott, BL
Rocha, RC
AF Chen, Weizhong
Rein, Francisca N.
Scott, Brian L.
Rocha, Reginaldo C.
TI Catalytic Photooxidation of Alcohols by an Unsymmetrical
Tetra(pyridyl)pyrazine-Bridged Dinuclear Ru Complex
SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE electron transfer; homogeneous photocatalysis; multi-electron
reactivity; photooxidation; ruthenium
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES; INTERVALENCE-TRANSFER;
ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; BRIDGING LIGAND; REDOX; TPPZ;
ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETATE; DIHYDRATE; CHEMISTRY
AB The dinuclear complexes [(tpy)Ru(tppz)Ru(bpy)(L)](n+) (where L is Cl- or H2O, tpy and bpy are the terminal ligands 2,2':6',2 ''-terpyridine and 2,2'-bipyridine, and tppz is the bridging backbone 2,3,5,6-tetrakis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine) were prepared and structurally and electronically characterized. The mononuclear complexes [(tpy)Ru(tppz)](2+) and [(tppz)Ru(bpy)(L)](m+) were also prepared and studied for comparison. The proton-coupled, multi-electron photooxidation reactivity of the aquo dinuclear species was shown through the photocatalytic dehydrogenation of a series of primary and secondary alcohols. Under simulated solar irradiation and in the presence of a sacrificial electron acceptor, the photoactivated chromophore-catalyst complex (in aqueous solutions at room temperature and ambient pressure conditions) can perform the visible-light-driven conversion of aliphatic and benzylic alcohols into the corresponding carbonyl products (i.e., aldehydes or ketones) with 100% product selectivity and several tens of turnover cycles, as probed by NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatography. Moreover, for aliphatic substrates, the activity of the photocatalyst was found to be highly selective toward secondary alcohols, with no significant product formed from primary alcohols. Comparison of the activity of this tppz-bridged complex with that of the analogue containing a back-to-back terpyridine bridge (tpy-tpy, i.e., 6',6 ''-bis(2-pyridyl)-2,2': 4',4 '':2 '',2'''-quaterpyridine) demonstrated that the latter is a superior photocatalyst toward the oxidation of alcohols. The much stronger electronic coupling with significant delocalization across the strongly electron-accepting tppz bridge facilitates charge trapping between the chromophore and catalyst centers and therefore is presumably responsible for the decreased catalytic performance.
C1 [Chen, Weizhong; Rocha, Reginaldo C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Rein, Francisca N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Rocha, RC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM rcrocha@lanl.gov
RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017
OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through
the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at Los
Alamos National Laboratory. The technical assistance of Timothy Sanchez
and Dr. Srinivas Iyer with mass spectrometry (Bioscience Division, Los
Alamos National Laboratory) is gratefully acknowledged. Helpful details
on procedures for the treatment/activation of glassy-carbon working
electrodes were kindly provided by Dr. Jonah Jurss and Prof. Thomas
Meyer (Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina).
NR 47
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 4
U2 49
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0947-6539
J9 CHEM-EUR J
JI Chem.-Eur. J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 17
IS 20
BP 5595
EP 5604
DI 10.1002/chem.201002168
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 759BW
UT WOS:000290216000016
PM 21452180
ER
PT J
AU Yan, XH
Alexandre, C
Chen, JP
Seonho, C
Lu, HJ
Zein-Eddine, M
Yoomin, O
Vincent, S
Ye, YX
Yao, H
AF Yan Xin-Hu
Alexandre, C.
Chen Jian-Ping
Seonho, C.
Lue Hai-Jiang
Zein-Eddine, M.
Yoomin, Oh
Vincent, S.
Ye Yun-Xiu
Yao Huan
TI NaI (Tl) calorimeter calibration and simulation for Coulomb sum rule
experiment in Hall-A at Jefferson Lab
SO CHINESE PHYSICS C
LA English
DT Article
DE Coulomb sum rule; NaI (Tl); calibration; resolution; GEANT4 simulation
AB A precision measurment of inclusive electron scattering cross sections is carried out at Jefferson Lab in the quasi-elastic region for He-4, C-12, Fe-56 and Pb-208 targets. The longitudinal (R-L) and transverse (R-T) response functions of the nucleon need to be extracted precisely in the momentum transfer range 0.55 GeV/c <= vertical bar q vertical bar <= 1.0 GeV/c. To achieve the above goal, a NaI (Tl) calorimeter is used to distinguish good electrons from background, including pions and low energy electrons rescattered from the walls of the spectrometer magnets. Due to a large set of kinematics and changes in HV settings, a number of calibrations are performed for the NaI (Tl) detector. Corrections for a few blocks of NaI (Tl) with bad or no signal are applied. The resolution of the NaI (Tl) detector after calibration reached delta E/root E approximate to 3% at E=1 GeV. The performance of the NaI (Tl) detector is compared with a simulation. The good calibration and background analysis for the NaI(Tl) detector are very important for the reduction of the systematic error of cross sections and the separation of R-L and R-T.
C1 [Yan Xin-Hu; Ye Yun-Xiu] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Alexandre, C.; Chen Jian-Ping; Vincent, S.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Zein-Eddine, M.; Yao Huan] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Seonho, C.; Yoomin, Oh] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Yan Xin-Hu; Lue Hai-Jiang] Huangshan Univ, Huangshan 245021, Peoples R China.
RP Yan, XH (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
EM yanxinhu@mail.ustc.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10605022, 10875053]; US
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-84ER-40150]
FX Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(10605022,10875053) and US Department of Energy (DE-AC05-84ER-40150)
under which Jefferson Science Associates operates the Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC
PI BEIJING
PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-1137
J9 CHINESE PHYS C
JI Chin. Phys. C
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 35
IS 5
BP 488
EP 493
DI 10.1088/1674-1137/35/5/017
PG 6
WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 760VR
UT WOS:000290352800017
ER
PT J
AU Montagnat, M
Blackford, JR
Piazolo, S
Arnaud, L
Lebensohn, RA
AF Montagnat, Maurine
Blackford, Jane R.
Piazolo, Sandra
Arnaud, Laurent
Lebensohn, Ricardo A.
TI Measurements and full-field predictions of deformation heterogeneities
in ice
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ice; deformation heterogeneities; kink band; full-field approach
ID ELECTRON BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION; MODELING VISCOPLASTIC BEHAVIOR;
SELF-CONSISTENT APPROACH; POLYCRYSTALLINE ICE; DYNAMIC
RECRYSTALLIZATION; POLAR ICE; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS;
PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; COLUMNAR ICE
AB We have made creep experiments on columnar grained ice and characterised the microstructure and intragranular misorientations over a range of length scales. A FFT full-field model was used to predict the deformation behaviour, using the experimentally characterised microstructure as the starting material. This is the first time this combination of techniques has been used to study the deformation of ice. The microstructure was characterised at the cm scale using an optical technique, the automatic ice texture analyser AITA and at the micron scale using electron backscattered diffraction EBSD. The crystallographic texture and intragranular misorientations were fully characterised by EBSD (3 angles). The deformed microstructure frequently showed straight subgrain boundaries often originating at triple points. These were identified as kink bands, and for the first time we have measured the precise misorientation of the kink bands and deduced the nature of the dislocations responsible for them. These dislocations have a basal edge nature and align in contiguous prismatic planes enabling deformation along the c-axis. In addition, non-uniform grain boundaries and regions of recrystallization were seen. We present coupling between fine scale characterization of intragranular misorientations, from experiments, and prediction of internal stresses that cause it. The model predicts the morphology of the observed local misorientations within the grains, however it over predicts the misorientation values. This is because the annealing and recrystallization mechanisms are not taken into account in the model. Ice is excellent as a model material for measuring, predicting and understanding deformation behaviour for polycrystalline materials. Specifically for ice this knowledge is needed to improve models of ice sheet dynamics that are important for climatic signal interpretation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Montagnat, Maurine; Arnaud, Laurent] CNRS UJF, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, St Martin Dheres, France.
[Blackford, Jane R.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Engn, Inst Mat & Proc, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Piazolo, Sandra] Univ Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Lebensohn, Ricardo A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Montagnat, M (reprint author), CNRS UJF, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, St Martin Dheres, France.
EM montagnat@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr
RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008;
OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; Piazolo,
Sandra/0000-0001-7723-8170
FU Swedish Research Council [VR 621-2004-5330]; Knut and AliceWallenberg
Foundation; department INSIS of CNRS, France; Royal Society; European
Science Foundation (ESF)
FX We acknowledge Albert Griera for the help in providing the initial model
microstructure input, Gael Durand for helping with the output toolbox,
Paul Duval, Chris Hall and Michael Zaiser for the fruitful discussions
and perceptive comments. Financial support by the Swedish Research
Council (VR 621-2004-5330), the Knut and AliceWallenberg Foundation
(financing of equipment), department INSIS of CNRS, France, and the
Royal Society (joint project grant University of Edinburgh and LGGE
Grenoble) are acknowledged. This contribution has been financially
supported by the European Science Foundation (ESF), EUROCORES Programme
EuroMinScl, FP6.
NR 55
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 305
IS 1-2
BP 153
EP 160
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.02.050
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 758UP
UT WOS:000290192800016
ER
PT J
AU MacLeod, M
von Waldow, H
Tay, P
Armitage, JM
Wohrnschimmel, H
Riley, WJ
McKone, TE
Hungerbuhler, K
AF MacLeod, Matthew
von Waldow, Harald
Tay, Pascal
Armitage, James M.
Woehrnschimmel, Henry
Riley, William J.
McKone, Thomas E.
Hungerbuhler, Konrad
TI BETR global - A geographically-explicit global-scale multimedia
contaminant fate model
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Model; Global; Fugacity; Transport; Mass balance
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; MASS-BALANCE MODELS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DECISION-MAKING; TRANSPORT
AB We present two new software implementations of the BETR Global multimedia contaminant fate model. The model uses steady-state or non-steady-state mass-balance calculations to describe the fate and transport of persistent organic pollutants using a desktop computer. The global environment is described using a database of long-term average monthly conditions on a 15 degrees x 15 degrees grid. We demonstrate BETR Global by modeling the global sources, transport, and removal of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [MacLeod, Matthew; von Waldow, Harald; Tay, Pascal; Woehrnschimmel, Henry; Hungerbuhler, Konrad] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Armitage, James M.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Armitage, James M.] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Occupat Med, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
[Riley, William J.; McKone, Thomas E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP MacLeod, M (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Appl Environm Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM matthew.macleod@itm.su.se
RI MacLeod, Matthew/D-5919-2013; Riley, William/D-3345-2015
OI MacLeod, Matthew/0000-0003-2562-7339; Riley,
William/0000-0002-4615-2304
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada); Region 5 of
the United State Environmental Protection Agency; Swiss Federal Office
for the Environment (FOEN) Air Quality Division; European Community;
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
Climate and Environmental Science Division, of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Development of BETR Global has been supported by research grants from
the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada), Region 5
of the United State Environmental Protection Agency, The Swiss Federal
Office for the Environment (FOEN) Air Quality Division, and the ArcRisk
European Community 7th Framework Programme Project
(http://www.arcrisk.eu). This work was also supported by the Director,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
Climate and Environmental Science Division, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 to Berkeley Lab.
NR 18
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 159
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1442
EP 1445
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.01.038
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 758UL
UT WOS:000290192400056
PM 21353357
ER
PT J
AU Parvez, S
Rivera-Nunez, Z
Meyer, A
Wright, JM
AF Parvez, Shahid
Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar
Meyer, Amy
Wright, J. Michael
TI Temporal variability in trihalomethane and haloacetic acid
concentrations in Massachusetts public drinking water systems
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Exposure misclassification; Exposure variability; Seasonality;
Disinfection by-products; Drinking water
ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; BIRTH-WEIGHT;
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; DICHLOROACETIC ACID;
MUTAGENIC-ACTIVITY; CHLORAL HYDRATE; MALE B6C3F(1); FETAL-GROWTH
AB Previous epidemiological studies in Massachusetts have reported a risk of adverse health outcomes in relation to disinfection by-product (DBP) exposures. Measurement error due to the use of indirect exposure surrogates can lead to misclassification bias in epidemiological studies; therefore, it is important to characterize exposure variability in these populations to assess the potential for exposure misclassification. We used 19,944 trihalomethane (THM) samples and 9291 haloacetic acid (HAA) samples collected in 201 public water systems (PWSs) in Massachusetts to examine temporal variability under different drinking water sources and disinfection types. Annual and seasonal variability was also examined in 46 PWSs with complete quarterly THM4 (i.e., the sum of 4 individual THMs) data from 1995 to 2004 and 19 PWSs with complete HAA5 (i.e., the sum of 5 individual HAAs) data from 2001 to 2004. The quarterly ratio of THM4 and HAAS and correlations between THM4. HAAS and individual DBP species were examined to determine the adequacy of using different exposure surrogates in epidemiological studies. Individual PWSs were used to examine monthly variability in relation to quarterly averages. Based on all available matched samples (n=9003) from 1995 to 2004 data, we found a correlation of 0.52 for THM4 and HAA5. The correlation was stronger among the 62 ground water systems (r(s)=0.62) compared to the 81 surface water (r(s)=0.45) and 40 mixed water (r(s)=0.39) systems. Mean THM4 levels were fairly stable over the 10-year study period for 46 PWSs including 39 PWSs that did not change disinfection. Large reductions (similar to 40 mu g/L) in mean THM4 data were found among seven systems that switched from chlorination to alternative disinfectants. As expected, the highest mean THM4 values were detected for Quarter 3, while the lowest values were found in Quarter 1. The highest HAAS values were detected in Quarters 2 and 3 and the lowest was found in Quarter 4. Data from four systems showed mean differences up to 66 mu g/L (67% change) in successive months and by 46 mu g/L compared to quarterly mean concentrations. Although longer-term disinfection by-product temporality may be minimal in this study population, the use of monthly average concentrations for exposure assessment may be needed for some PWSs to minimize misclassification of narrow critical periods of exposure in epidemiological studies. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Parvez, Shahid; Meyer, Amy] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Rivera-Nunez, Zorimar] CNR, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
RP Wright, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS A-110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM wright.michael@epa.gov
RI Parvez, Shahid/J-3390-2013
NR 69
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 18
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 111
IS 4
BP 499
EP 509
DI 10.1016/j.envres.2010.12.008
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 758DS
UT WOS:000290141600004
PM 21316653
ER
PT J
AU Xu, B
Singh, DJ
Cooper, VR
Feng, YP
AF Xu, Bo
Singh, David J.
Cooper, Valentino R.
Feng, Yuan Ping
TI Design of a low band gap oxide ferroelectric: Bi6Ti4O17
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID BI4TI3O12 SINGLE CRYSTALS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; OPTICAL PROPERTIES;
BISMUTH TITANATE; POLARIZATION; LANTHANUM; BEHAVIOR; FILMS
AB A strategy for obtaining low band gap oxide ferroelectrics based on charge imbalance is described and illustrated by first-principles studies of the hypothetical compound Bi6Ti4O17, which is an alternate stacking of the ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12. We find that this compound is ferroelectric, similar to Bi4Ti3O12 although with a reduced polarization. Importantly, calculations of the electronic structure with the recently developed functional of Tran and Blaha yield a much reduced band gap of 1.83eV for this material compared to Bi4Ti3O12. Therefore, Bi6Ti4O17 is predicted to be a low band gap ferroelectric material. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2011
C1 [Xu, Bo; Feng, Yuan Ping] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
[Xu, Bo] Jiangxi Normal Univ, Coll Phys & Commun Elect, Nanchang 33022, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.
[Singh, David J.; Cooper, Valentino R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Xu, B (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, 2 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
EM singhdj@ornl.gov
RI Feng, Yuan Ping /A-4507-2012; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Cooper,
Valentino /A-2070-2012
OI Feng, Yuan Ping /0000-0003-2190-2284; Cooper, Valentino
/0000-0001-6714-4410
FU Singapore Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
[0721330044]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (ferroelectricity);
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
FX Work at NUS was supported by the Singapore Agency for Science,
Technology and Research (A*STAR) through the grant No. 0721330044. Work
at ORNL was supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
(ferroelectricity) and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC
for the U.S. Department of Energy (electronic structure). We acknowledge
computing resources from the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center. BX is grateful for the hospitality of ORNL where he
performed a portion of the work reported here.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 94
IS 3
AR 37006
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/94/37006
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 759FU
UT WOS:000290226900022
ER
PT J
AU Yan, LF
Dapper, CH
George, SJ
Wang, HX
Mitra, D
Dong, WB
Newton, WE
Cramer, SP
AF Yan, Lifen
Dapper, Christie H.
George, Simon J.
Wang, Hongxin
Mitra, Devrani
Dong, Weibing
Newton, William E.
Cramer, Stephen P.
TI Photolysis of Hi-CO Nitrogenase - Observation of a Plethora of Distinct
CO Species Using Infrared Spectroscopy
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrogen fixation; Nitrogenases; Enzyme catalysis; Carbon monoxide; IR
spectroscopy; Photolysis; Azotobacter vinelandii
ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MO-DEPENDENT NITROGENASE;
IRON-MOLYBDENUM COFACTOR; CARBON-MONOXIDE; FEMO-COFACTOR;
AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII; ACTIVE-SITE; N-2 REDUCTION; COORDINATION
CHEMISTRY; CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES
AB Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to study the photochemistry of CO-inhibited Azotobacter vinelandii Mo nitrogenase using visible light at cryogenic temperatures. The FT-IR difference spectrum of photolyzed hi-CO at 4 K comprises negative bands at 1973 cm(-1) and 1679 cm(-1) together with positive bands at 1711 cm(-1), 2135 and 2123 cm(-1). The negative bands are assigned to a hi-CO state that comprises 2 metal-bound CO ligands, one terminally bound, and one bridged and/or protonated species. The positive band at 1711 cm(-1) is assigned to a lo-CO product with a single bridged and/or protonated metal-CO group. We term these species "Hi-1" and "Lo-1", respectively. The high-energy bands are assigned to a liberated CO trapped in the protein pocket. Warming results in CO recombination, and the temperature dependence of the recombination rate yields an activation energy of 4 kJmol(-1). Two alpha-H195 variant enzymes yielded additional signals. Asparagine substitution, alpha-H195N, gives a spectrum containing 2 negative "Hi-2" bands at 1936 and 1858 cm(-1) with a positive "Lo-2" band at 1780 cm(-1), while glutamine substitution, alpha-H195Q, produces a complex spectrum that includes a third CO species, with negative "Hi-3" bands at 1938 and 1911 cm(-1) and a positive feature "Lo-3" band at 1921 cm(-1). These species can be assigned to a combination of terminal, bridged, and possibly protonated CO groups bound to the FeMo cofactor active site. The proposed structures are discussed in terms of both CO inhibition and the mechanism nitrogenase catalysis. Given the intractability of observing nitrogenase intermediates by crystallographic methods, IR-monitored photolysis appears to be a promising and information-rich probe of nitrogenase structure and chemistry.
C1 [Yan, Lifen; George, Simon J.; Wang, Hongxin; Mitra, Devrani; Dong, Weibing; Cramer, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Dapper, Christie H.; Newton, William E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[George, Simon J.; Wang, Hongxin; Cramer, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Cramer, SP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM spjcramer@ucdavis.edu
RI Mitra, Devrani/B-1917-2012
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [GM-65440]; National Science
Foundation (NSF) [CHE-0745353]; DOE Office of Biological and
Environmental Research
FX This work was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (grant
number GM-65440, to S. P. C.), the National Science Foundation (NSF)
(grant number CHE-0745353, to S. P. C.), and by the DOE Office of
Biological and Environmental Research (to S. P. C.).
NR 72
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U1 4
U2 24
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1434-1948
J9 EUR J INORG CHEM
JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2011
IS 13
BP 2064
EP 2074
DI 10.1002/ejic.201100029
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 759IA
UT WOS:000290232700006
PM 27630531
ER
PT J
AU Nyman, M
Rodriguez, MA
Alam, TM
AF Nyman, May
Rodriguez, Mark A.
Alam, Todd M.
TI The U-28 Nanosphere: What's Inside?
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cluster compounds; Peroxides; Polyanions; Polyoxometalates; Uranium
ID SPENT NUCLEAR-FUEL; FULLERENE TOPOLOGIES; CAGE CLUSTERS; SOLID-STATE;
PEROXIDE; STUDTITE; METASTUDTITE; COMPLEXES; CORROSION; OXIDE
AB Polyoxometalate-like behavior of actinyl-peroxide anions in aqueous alkaline media has been recently unveiled in the form of more than 20 reported crystal structures of clusters, each with 20-60 uranyl polyhedra composing capsule-like topologies. There is now opportunity to fully develop this new polyoxometalate (POM) family to include redox behavior, non-aqueous chemistry, complex materials from cluster building blocks, cluster-counterion interactions, etc. To pursue these opportunities, reliable syntheses rooted in an understanding of cluster assembly processes are imperative. To this end, using the U-28 nanosphere [UO2(O-2)(1.5)](28) as an example, we report high yield syntheses of a series of four U-28 salts that feature different templating cations (K, Rb, Cs) and anions [uranyl monomer, Nb(O-2)(4) and Ta(O-2)(4)]. The key to assembly and stability of U-28 is both 1) synthetic conditions that are not extreme or dynamic, and 2) templating cations and anions that ideally match each other and the topology of the capsule interior. U-28 salts are characterized in the solid-state by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, Cs-templated U-28 is re-dissolved and characterized by Cs-133 NMR; providing information on solution stability, and revealing the interaction of the internal templating Cs+ with the central templating anion. While Cs+ internal to the cluster remains inside when U-28 is dissolved in a Na salt solution, the internal K+ will rapidly exchange with Na+, providing new routes to other cluster topologies and compositions.
C1 [Nyman, May; Rodriguez, Mark A.; Alam, Todd M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Nyman, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM mdnyman@sandia.gov
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-SC0001089]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the Materials
Science of Actinides, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the
U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences under award number DE-SC0001089. We thank Gary L. Zender (SNL)
for the scanning electron micrographs. Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company for
the U. S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 31
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 4
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1434-1948
J9 EUR J INORG CHEM
JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2011
IS 14
BP 2197
EP 2205
DI 10.1002/ejic.201001355
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 759IG
UT WOS:000290233400001
ER
PT J
AU Dunning, JP
Parvaz, MA
Hajcak, G
Maloney, T
Alia-Klein, N
Woicik, PA
Telang, F
Wang, GJ
Volkow, ND
Goldstein, RZ
AF Dunning, Jonathan P.
Parvaz, Muhammad A.
Hajcak, Greg
Maloney, Thomas
Alia-Klein, Nelly
Woicik, Patricia A.
Telang, Frank
Wang, Gene-Jack
Volkow, Nora D.
Goldstein, Rita Z.
TI Motivated attention to cocaine and emotional cues in abstinent and
current cocaine users - an ERP study
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cocaine addiction; emotional processing; human participants; late
positive potential; motivated attention
ID MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DRUG CUES; BRAIN POTENTIALS; AFFECTIVE
STIMULI; VISUAL-ATTENTION; OPIATE ADDICTION; PICTURES; RESPONSES;
CORTEX; DEPENDENCE
AB Event-related potentials (ERPs) are a direct measure of neural activity and are ideally suited to study the time-course of attentional engagement with emotional and drug-related stimuli in addiction. In particular, the late positive potential (LPP) appears to be enhanced following cocaine-related compared with neutral stimuli in human participants with cocaine use disorders (CUD). However, previous studies have not directly compared cocaine-related with emotional stimuli while examining potential differences between abstinent and current cocaine users. The present study examined ERPs in 55 CUD (27 abstinent and 28 current users) and 29 matched healthy controls while they passively viewed pleasant, unpleasant, neutral and cocaine-related pictures. To examine the time-course of attention to these stimuli, we analysed both an early and later window in the LPP as well as the early posterior negativity (EPN), established in assessing motivated attention. Cocaine pictures elicited increased electrocortical measures of motivated attention in ways similar to affectively pleasant and unpleasant pictures in all CUD, an effect that was no longer discernible during the late LPP window for the current users. This group also exhibited deficient processing of the other emotional stimuli (early LPP window - pleasant pictures; late LPP window - pleasant and unpleasant pictures). Results were unique to the LPP and not EPN. Taken together, results support a relatively early attention bias to cocaine stimuli in cocaine-addicted individuals, further suggesting that recent cocaine use decreases such attention bias during later stages of processing but at the expense of deficient processing of other emotional stimuli.
C1 [Parvaz, Muhammad A.; Maloney, Thomas; Alia-Klein, Nelly; Woicik, Patricia A.; Telang, Frank; Wang, Gene-Jack; Goldstein, Rita Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Dunning, Jonathan P.; Parvaz, Muhammad A.; Hajcak, Greg] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Goldstein, RZ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM rgoldstein@bnl.gov
OI Parvaz, Muhammad/0000-0002-2671-2327
FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1R01DA023579, R21DA02062]; General
Clinical Research Center [5-MO1-RR-10710]; Brookhaven Science
Associates, LLC. [AC02-98CHI-886]; US Department of Energy
FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug
Abuse (to R.Z.G.: 1R01DA023579 and R21DA02062) and the General Clinical
Research Center (5-MO1-RR-10710). This manuscript has been authored by
Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CHI-886
with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains,
and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication,
acknowledges, a world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the United States
Government purposes.
NR 41
TC 51
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0953-816X
J9 EUR J NEUROSCI
JI Eur. J. Neurosci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 33
IS 9
BP 1716
EP 1723
DI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07663.x
PG 8
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 758MS
UT WOS:000290169500015
PM 21450043
ER
PT J
AU Durso, LM
Harhay, GP
Smith, TPL
Bono, JL
DeSantis, TZ
Clawson, ML
AF Durso, Lisa M.
Harhay, Gregory P.
Smith, Timothy P. L.
Bono, James L.
DeSantis, Todd Z.
Clawson, Michael L.
TI Bacterial Community Analysis of Beef Cattle Feedlots Reveals That Pen
Surface Is Distinct from Feces
SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL; DIVERSITY
AB The surface of beef cattle feedlot pens is commonly conceptualized as being packed uncomposted manure. Despite the important role that the feedlot pen may play in the transmission of veterinary and zoonotic pathogens, the bacterial ecology of feedlot surface material is not well understood. Our present study characterized the bacterial communities of the beef cattle feedlot pen surface material using 3647 full-length 16S rDNA sequences, and we compared the community composition of feedlot pens to the fecal source material. The feedlot surface composite was represented by members of the phylum Actinobacteria (42%), followed by Firmicutes (24%), Bacteroidetes (24%), and Proteobacteria (9%). The feedlot pen surface material bacterial communities were clearly distinct from those of the feces from animals in the same pen. Comparisons with previously published results of feces from the animals in the same pen reveal that, of 139 genera identified, only 25 were present in both habitats. These results indicate that, microbiologically, the feedlot pen surface material is separate and distinct from the fecal source material, suggesting that bacteria that originate in cattle feces face different selection pressures and survival challenges during their tenure in the feedlot pen, as compared to their residence in the gastrointestinal tract.
C1 [Durso, Lisa M.; Harhay, Gregory P.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; Bono, James L.; Clawson, Michael L.] ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE USA.
[DeSantis, Todd Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Durso, LM (reprint author), ARS, Agroecosyst Management Resource Unit, USDA, 121 Keim Hall,UNL E Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM lisa.durso@ars.usda.gov
OI Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [108]
FX We thank Ron Mlejnek, Steve Simcox, Bob Lee, and Sandy Fryda-Bradley for
technical assistance; Melissa Durso and Tammy Sorensen for help with
Figure 1; Joan Rosch for secretarial assistance; Randy Bradley, Phil
Anderson, and William Dailey for IT support; and the MARC cattle crew
for their assistance with sample collection. This research was supported
by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service,
National Program 108.
NR 8
TC 10
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U1 1
U2 6
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1535-3141
J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS
JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 8
IS 5
BP 647
EP 649
DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0774
PG 3
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 760DD
UT WOS:000290302500012
PM 21214381
ER
PT J
AU Lasue, J
Botet, R
Levasseur-Regourd, AC
Hadamcik, E
Kofman, W
AF Lasue, J.
Botet, R.
Levasseur-Regourd, A. C.
Hadamcik, E.
Kofman, W.
TI Appearance of layered structures in numerical simulations of
polydisperse bodies accretion: Application to cometary nuclei
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Accretion; Collisional physics; Comets, Nucleus; Interiors; Comets,
Origin
ID DEEP IMPACT OBSERVATIONS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; INTERNAL STRUCTURE; SIZE
DISTRIBUTION; KUIPER-BELT; AGGREGATION; SURFACE; 9P/TEMPEL-1; PARTICLES;
EVOLUTION
AB A model for the aggregation of size distribution of cometesimals (Gaussian or power law) into cometary nuclei is developed. Upon disruption induced by collisions, sticking and evolution of the tensile strength and density of the cometesimals by sintering processes are taken into account. The resulting cometary nuclei present specific internal structures that have been quantified to allow the comparison with observational constraints and future in situ observations and cometary nucleus sounding with the CONSERT radar on-board the Rosetta mission. A parameter called the homogeneity exponent, mu, determines different aggregation regimes. Fractal aggregates are formed for mu < 0.4. Radial variations in tensile strength appear for 0.4 < mu < 0.6 and vanish for larger values of mu. The initial size distribution (following a Gaussian or power law) of aggregating cometesimals does not influence strongly these values but can change the extent of corresponding layers. If the layering observed on the surface of some cometary nuclei occurs often and originates from primordial structures, this constrains the velocity distribution of aggregating bodies to follow v proportional to m(-0.25), while a differential size distribution following a power law with exponent between -2 and -3 should result for large bodies, in agreement with current estimations of the size distributions. Such a layered structure would lead to more cohesive, dense and less porous material located near the center of mass of the nucleus predicting an increase of bulk density of comet nuclei with their erosion state. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Lasue, J.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Lasue, J.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Botet, R.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Lab Phys Solides Orsay, UMR 8502,Ctr Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Levasseur-Regourd, A. C.] Univ Paris 06, UPMC, UMR 8190, LATMOS IPSL, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Hadamcik, E.] Univ Paris 06, UPMC, LATMOS IPSL, F-78280 Guyancourt, France.
[Kofman, W.] IPAG, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
RP Lasue, J (reprint author), LANL, ISR-1,Mail Stop D-466, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM lasue@lanl.gov
RI Kofman, Wlodek/C-4556-2008
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX The authors acknowledge fruitful discussions with S.M. Clifford, W.M.
Harris, G. Magni. The authors thank Michael Belton, Michael Combi and an
anonymous referee for constructive comments that significantly improved
the manuscript. This is J. Lasue LPI contribution number 1610. The
authors acknowledge funding from the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development funds from the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 213
IS 1
BP 369
EP 381
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.02.026
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 758TR
UT WOS:000290190100022
ER
PT J
AU Balaji, P
Vishnu, A
AF Balaji, Pavan
Vishnu, Abhinav
TI Special Issue on Programming Models and Systems Software Support for
High-End Computing Applications
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Vishnu, Abhinav] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Balaji, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM balaji@mcs.anl.gov; abhinav.vishnu@pnl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1094-3420
J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C
JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 2
BP 135
EP 136
DI 10.1177/1094342010369453
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 759AS
UT WOS:000290212600001
ER
PT J
AU Yoshii, K
Iskra, K
Naik, H
Beckman, P
Broekema, PC
AF Yoshii, Kazutomo
Iskra, Kamil
Naik, Harish
Beckman, Pete
Broekema, P. Chris
TI Performance and Scalability Evaluation of 'Big Memory' on Blue Gene
Linux
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Linux; Blue Gene; OS kernel; memory performance; TLB
ID PARALLEL OCEAN PROGRAM
AB We address memory performance issues observed in Blue Gene Linux and discuss the design and implementation of 'Big Memory'-an alternative, transparent memory space introduced to eliminate the memory performance issues. We evaluate the performance of Big Memory using custom memory benchmarks, NAS Parallel Benchmarks, and the Parallel Ocean Program, at a scale of up to 4,096 nodes. We find that Big Memory successfully resolves the performance issues normally encountered in Blue Gene Linux. For the ocean simulation program, we even find that Linux with Big Memory provides better scalability than does the lightweight compute node kernel designed solely for high-performance applications. Originally intended exclusively for compute node tasks, our new memory subsystem dramatically improves the performance of certain I/O node applications as well. We demonstrate this performance using the central processor of the LOw Frequency ARray radio telescope as an example.
C1 [Yoshii, Kazutomo; Beckman, Pete] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Beckman, Pete] Argonne Natl Lab, Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Beckman, Pete] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Broekema, P. Chris] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
RP Yoshii, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM kazutomo@mcs.anl.gov
FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science,
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Dutch government;
European Union; "Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland," EZ/KOMPAS
FX This work was also supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under
Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. LOFAR is funded by the Dutch government in
the BSIK program for interdisciplinary research for improvements of the
knowledge infrastructure. Additional funding is provided by the European
Union, European Regional Development Fund (EFRO) and by the
"Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland," EZ/KOMPAS.
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1094-3420
J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C
JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 2
BP 148
EP 160
DI 10.1177/1094342010369116
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 759AS
UT WOS:000290212600003
ER
PT J
AU Gupta, R
Naik, H
Beckman, P
AF Gupta, Rinku
Naik, Harish
Beckman, Pete
TI Understanding Checkpointing Overheads on Massive-Scale Systems: Analysis
of the IBM Blue Gene/P System
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Checkpointing; Blue Gene; Fault Tolerance; I/O; Massive scale systems
ID PARALLEL OCEAN PROGRAM
AB Providing fault tolerance in high-end petascale systems, consisting of millions of hardware components and complex software stacks, is becoming an increasingly challenging task. Checkpointing continues to be the most prevalent technique for providing fault tolerance in such high-end systems. Considerable research has focussed on optimizing checkpointing; however, in practice, checkpointing still involves a high-cost overhead for users. In this paper, we study the checkpointing overhead seen by various applications running on leadership-class machines like the IBM Blue Gene/P at Argonne National Laboratory. In addition to studying popular applications, we design a methodology to help users understand and intelligently choose an optimal checkpointing frequency to reduce the overall checkpointing overhead incurred. In particular, we study the Grid-Based Projector-Augmented Wave application, the Carr-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics application, the Nek5000 computational fluid dynamics application and the Parallel Ocean Program application-and analyze their memory usage and possible checkpointing trends on 65,536 processors of the Blue Gene/P system.
C1 [Gupta, Rinku; Naik, Harish; Beckman, Pete] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Gupta, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM rgupta@mcs.anl.gov
FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science,
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science of the
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under
Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research also used resources of the
Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1094-3420
EI 1741-2846
J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C
JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 2
BP 180
EP 192
DI 10.1177/1094342010369118
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 759AS
UT WOS:000290212600005
ER
PT J
AU DePrince, AE
Hammond, JR
AF DePrince, A. Eugene, III
Hammond, Jeff R.
TI Coupled Cluster Theory on Graphics Processing Units I. The Coupled
Cluster Doubles Method
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION QCISD; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY CALCULATIONS;
MULTICORE PARALLELIZATION; MONTE-CARLO; IMPLEMENTATION; EQUATIONS;
SYSTEMS; CCSD
AB The coupled cluster (CC) ansatz is generally recognized as providing one of the best wave function-based descriptions of electronic correlation in small- and medium-sized molecules. The fact that the CC equations with double excitations (CCD) may be expressed as a handful of dense matrix matrix multiplications makes it an ideal method to be ported to graphics processing units (GPUs). We present our implementation of the spin-free CCD equations in which the entire iterative procedure is evaluated on the GPU. The GPU-accelerated algorithm readily achieves a factor of 4-5 speedup relative to the multithreaded CPU algorithm on same-generation hardware. The GPU-accelerated algorithm is approximately 8-12 times faster than Molpro, 17-22 times faster than NWChem, and 21-29 times faster than GAMESS for each CC iteration. Single-precision GPU-accelerated computations are also performed, leading to an additional doubling of performance. Single-precision errors in the energy are typically on the order of 10(-6) hartrees and can be improved by about an order of magnitude by performing one additional iteration in double precision.
C1 [DePrince, A. Eugene, III] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Hammond, Jeff R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP DePrince, AE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM adeprince@anl.gov
RI Hammond, Jeff/G-8607-2013
OI Hammond, Jeff/0000-0003-3181-8190
FU Argonne National Laboratory; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX A.E.D. is supported by the Computational Postdoctoral Fellowship program
at Argonne National Laboratory. J.R.H. is supported by the Director's
Postdoctoral Fellowship program at Argonne National Laboratory and
thanks Alan Aspuru-Guzik for interesting discussions and encouragement.;
This research used the "Dirac" CPU test bed system of the National
Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.; We gratefully acknowledge use of "Breadboard," a
development computing cluster operated by the Mathematics and Computer
Science Division at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by
the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 43
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
BP 1287
EP 1295
DI 10.1021/ct100584w
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 760AM
UT WOS:000290293000007
PM 26610123
ER
PT J
AU Ma, WJ
Krishnamoorthy, S
Villa, O
Kowalski, K
AF Ma, Wenjing
Krishnamoorthy, Sriram
Villa, Oreste
Kowalski, Karol
TI GPU-Based Implementations of the Noniterative Regularized-CCSD(T)
Corrections: Applications to Strongly Correlated Systems
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED-CLUSTER SINGLES; GRAPHICAL PROCESSING UNITS; MULTIREFERENCE
PERTURBATION-THEORY; 2-ELECTRON INTEGRAL EVALUATION; MOLECULAR
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; FULL CCSDT MODEL; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY;
CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; DOUBLES METHOD
AB The details of the graphical processing unit (GPU) implementation of the most computationally intensive (T)-part of the recently introduced regularized CCSD(T) (Reg-CCSD(T)) method [Kowalski, K.; Valley, M. J. Chem. Phys. 2009, 131, No. 234107] for calculating electronic energies of strongly correlated systems are discussed. Parallel tests performed for several molecular systems show very good scalability of the triples part of the Reg-CCSD(T) approach. We also discuss the performance of the Reg-CCSD(T) GPU implementation as a function of the parameters defining the partitioning of the spinorbital domain (tiling structure). The accuracy of the Reg-CCSD(T) method is illustrated on three examples: the methyfluoride molecule, dissociation of dodecane, and open-shell Spiro cation (5,5'(4H,4H')-spirobi[cydopenta[c]pyrrole] 2,2',6,6'-tetrahydro cation), which is a frequently used model to study electron transfer processes. It is demonstrated that a simple regularization of the cluster amplitudes used in the noniterative corrections accounting for the effect of triply excited configurations significantly improves the accuracies of ground-state energies in the presence of strong quasidegeneracy effects. For methylfluoride, we compare the Reg-CCSD(T) results with the CR-CC(2,3) and CCSDT energies, whereas for Spiro cation we compare Reg-CCSD(T) results with the energies obtained with completely renormalized CCSD(T) method. Performance tests for the Spiro, dodecane, and uracil molecules are also discussed.
C1 [Krishnamoorthy, Sriram; Villa, Oreste] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Ma, Wenjing] Ohio State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Kowalski, Karol] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Krishnamoorthy, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM sriram@pnl.gov; karol.kowalski@pnl.gov
FU Extreme Scale Computing Initiative; Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute
[DE-AC06-76RLO-1830]
FX The work related to the development of the CPU Reg-CCSD(T)
implementation was supported by the Extreme Scale Computing Initiative
(SK,OV,KK), a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The calculations were performed
using the Barracuda cluster in EMSL, a national scientific user facility
sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and
Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for
the U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under
Contract DE-AC06-76RLO-1830. The Barracuda cluster was purchased with
funds received under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
NR 87
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
BP 1316
EP 1327
DI 10.1021/ct1007247
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 760AM
UT WOS:000290293000010
PM 26610126
ER
PT J
AU Lopata, K
Govind, N
AF Lopata, Kenneth
Govind, Niranjan
TI Modeling Fast Electron Dynamics with Real-Time Time-Dependent Density
Functional Theory: Application to Small Molecules and Chromophores
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID DNA-BASE PAIRS; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; LINEAR-RESPONSE; ZINC PORPHYRIN;
EXCITED-STATES; BASIS-SETS; EXCHANGE; APPROXIMATION; SIMULATIONS;
SYSTEMS
AB The response of matter to external fields forms the basis for a vast wealth of fundamental physical processes ranging from light harvesting to nanoscale electron transport. Accurately modeling ultrafast electron dynamics in excited systems thus offers unparalleled insight but requires an inherently nonlinear time resolved approach. To this end, an efficient and massively parallel real-time real-space time dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) implementation in NWChem is presented. The implementation is first validated against linear response TDDFT and experimental results for a series of molecules subjected to small electric field perturbations. Second, nonlinear excitation of green fluorescent protein is studied, which shows a blue shift in the spectrum with increasing perturbation, as well as a saturation in absorption. Next, the charge dynamics of optically excited zinc porphyrin is presented in real time and real space, with relevance to charge injection in photovoltaic devices. Finally, intermolecular excitation in an adenine-thymine base pair is studied using the BNL range separated functional [Baer, R.; Neuhauser, D. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 94, No. 043002], demonstrating the utility of a real-time approach in capturing charge transfer processes.
C1 [Lopata, Kenneth; Govind, Niranjan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Lopata, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM kenneth.lopata@pnl.gov; niri.govind@pnl.gov
RI Govind, Niranjan/D-1368-2011
FU Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute
[DE-AC06-76RLO-1830]; EMSL
FX The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user
facility sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the Department of
Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract
DE-AC06-76RLO-1830. KL acknowledges the William Wiley Postdoctoral
Fellowship from EMSL. Discussions with Daniel Neuhauser, Karol Kowalski,
Hongfei Wang, Eric Bylaska, Bert de Jong, and Bill Shelton are
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 75
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 4
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 7
IS 5
BP 1344
EP 1355
DI 10.1021/ct200137z
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 760AM
UT WOS:000290293000013
PM 26610129
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, EF
Duff, MC
Ferguson, CE
Coughlin, DP
AF Caldwell, Eric Frank
Duff, Martine C.
Ferguson, Caitlin E.
Coughlin, Daniel P.
TI Plants as bio-monitors for Cs-137, Pu-238, Pu-239,240 and K-40 at the
Savannah River Site
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL SEPARATIONS FACILITY; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; FOLIAR UPTAKE; WATER
COLUMN; SOILS; ACCUMULATION; PLUTONIUM; CESIUM; RADIONUCLIDES;
RADIOCESIUM
AB The Savannah River Site was constructed in South Carolina to produce plutonium (Pu) in the 1950s. Discharges associated with these now-ceased operations have contaminated large areas within the site, particularly streams associated with reactor cooling basins. Evaluating the exposure risk of contamination to an ecosystem requires methodologies that can assess the bioavailability of contaminants. Plants, as primary producers, represent an important mode of transfer of contaminants from soils and sediments into the food chain. The objective of this study was to identify local area plants for their ability to act as bio-monitors of radionuclides. The concentrations of cesium-137 ((137)Cs), potassium-40 ((40)K), (238)Pu and (239,240)Pu in plants and their associated soils were determined using gamma and alpha spectrometry. The ratio of contamination concentration found in the plant relative to the soil was calculated to assess a concentration ratio (CR). The highest CR for (137)Cs was found in Pinus palustris needles (CR of 2.18). The correlation of soil and plant (137)Cs concentration was strong (0.76) and the R(2) (0.58) from the regression was significant (p = 0.006). This suggests the ability to predict the degree of (137)Cs contamination of a soil through analysis of the pine needles. The (238)Pu and (239,240)Pu concentrations were most elevated within the plant roots. Extremely high CR values were found in Sparganium americanum (bur-reed) roots with a value of 5.86 for (238)Pu and 5.66 for (239,240)Pu. The concentration of (40)K was measured as a known congener of (137)C. Comparing (40)K and (137)C concentrations in each plant revealed an inverse relationship for these radioisotopes. Correlating (40)K and (137)Cs was most effective in identifying plants that have a high affinity for (137)Cs uptake. The P. palustris and S. americanum proved to be particularly strong accumulators of all K congeners from the soil. Some species that were measured, warrant further investigation, are the carnivorous plant Utricularia inflata (bladderwort) and the emergent macrophyte Juncus effusus. For U. inflata, the levels of (137)Cs, (238)Pu, and (239,240)Pu (which were 3922, 8399, and 803 Bq kg(-1), respectively) in the leaves were extremely high. The highest (137)Cs concentration from the study was measured in the J. effusus root (5721 Bq kg(-1)).
C1 [Caldwell, Eric Frank; Duff, Martine C.; Ferguson, Caitlin E.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
[Coughlin, Daniel P.] Sellafield Sites, Sellafield, Cumbria, England.
RP Duff, MC (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA.
EM martine.duff@srnl.doe.gov
FU US DOE-National Nuclear Security Administration, through the Office of
Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development [NA-22]
FX This work was supported by US DOE-National Nuclear Security
Administration, through the Office of Nonproliferation and Verification
Research and Development-NA-22.
NR 50
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 16
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1464-0325
J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR
JI J. Environ. Monit.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 13
IS 5
BP 1410
EP 1421
DI 10.1039/c0em00610f
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 758LR
UT WOS:000290166800031
PM 21412545
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JK
Berry, DH
Yoo, H
AF Kim, Jin Kyung
Berry, Donald H.
Yoo, Hyojong
TI Synthesis of tridentate 2,6-bis(imino)pyridyl aminechlorohydro
ruthenium(II) complexes: The convenient use of amine hydrochlorides to
generate metal-hydride
SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bis(imino)pyridine ligand; Ruthenium(II)-amine complex;
Ruthenium-hydride
ID IRON; CATALYSTS; ETHYLENE; POLYMERIZATION; OLIGOMERIZATION;
HYDROSILATION; HYDROGENATION; LIGANDS
AB The reaction of low-valent ruthenium complexes with 2,6-bis(imino)pyridine ligand, [eta(2)-N(3)]Ru(eta(6)-Ar) (1) or {[N(3)]Ru}(2)(mu-N(2)) (2) with amine hydrochlorides generates six-coordinate chlorohydro ruthenium (II) complexes with amine ligands, [N(3)]Ru(H)(Cl)(amine) (4). Either complex 1 or 2 activates amine hydrochlorides 3, and the amines coordinate to the ruthenium center to give complex 4. This is a convenient and useful synthetic approach to form ruthenium complexes with amine and hydride ligands using amine hydrochloride. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yoo, Hyojong] Hallym Univ, Inst Appl Chem, Chunchon 200702, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
[Yoo, Hyojong] Hallym Univ, Dept Chem, Chunchon 200702, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
[Kim, Jin Kyung] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Berry, Donald H.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Yoo, H (reprint author), Hallym Univ, Inst Appl Chem, Chunchon 200702, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
EM hyojong@hallym.ac.kr
OI Berry, Donald/0000-0001-6732-3726
FU Hallym University [HRF-2010-018]
FX This research was supported by Hallym University Research Fund, 2010
(HRF-2010-018). The diffraction data collection was carried out by Dr.
Patrick J. Carroll at Department of Chemistry, University of
Pennsylvania.
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0022-328X
J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM
JI J. Organomet. Chem.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 696
IS 9
BP 1895
EP 1898
DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.12.015
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 756NN
UT WOS:000290019300027
ER
PT J
AU Cannon, WR
Rawlins, MM
Baxter, DJ
Callister, SJ
Lipton, MS
Bryant, DA
AF Cannon, William R.
Rawlins, Mitchell M.
Baxter, Douglas J.
Callister, Stephen J.
Lipton, Mary S.
Bryant, Donald A.
TI Large Improvements in MS/MS-Based Peptide Identification Rates using a
Hybrid Analysis
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Peptide identification; tandem mass spectrometry; spectral library;
database search; false discovery rate; Synechococcus; CO2 fixation
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; PROTEIN COMPLEXES;
PROTEOTYPIC PEPTIDES; SPECTRA; PROBABILITIES; VALIDATION; PREDICTION;
INFERENCE; GENOMES
AB We report a hybrid search method combining database and spectral library searches that allows for a straightforward approach to characterizing the error rates from the combined data. Using these methods, we demonstrate significantly increased sensitivity and specificity in matching peptides to tandem mass spectra. The hybrid search method increased the number of spectra that can be assigned to a peptide in a global proteomics study by 57-147% at an estimated false discovery rate of 5%, with clear room for even greater improvements. The approach combines the general utility of using consensus model spectra typical of database search methods with the accuracy of the intensity information contained in spectral libraries. A common scoring metric based on recent developments linking data analysis and statistical thermodynamics is used, which allows the use of a conservative estimate of error rates for the combined data. We applied this approach to proteomics analysis of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, a cyanobacterium that is a mode:, organism for studies of photosynthetic carbon fixation and biofuels development. The increased specificity and sensitivity of this approach allowed us to identify many more peptides involved in the processes important for photoautotrophic growth.
C1 [Cannon, William R.; Rawlins, Mitchell M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Baxter, Douglas J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Mol Sci Comp Facil, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Callister, Stephen J.; Lipton, Mary S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Separat & Mass Spectrometry Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Bryant, Donald A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Bryant, Donald A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Cannon, WR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM william.cannon@pnl.gov
RI Cannon, William/K-8411-2014
OI Cannon, William/0000-0003-3789-7889
FU DOE; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center at Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO
1830]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0523100]; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research [FA9550-05-1-0365]; DOE Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory; [57271]; [54976]; [56812]
FX This work was the result in a joint effort by the Department of Energy's
Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) and Office of
Advanced Scientific Computing Research (OASCR) to develop new approaches
for computational biology in areas of national interests. The method and
algorithm developments were supported under contracts 57271 and 54976,
while the biological interpretation was supported under contract 56812.
We thank Dr. Gaozhong Shen for assistance in growing the Synechococcus
sp. PCC 7002 cells analyzed in this study, and we thank researchers in
the laboratory of Richard Smith at PNNL who generated the data sets
herein, as well as Dr. Smith, for providing the data. The calculations
were performed in the DOE-funded William R. Wiley Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory at the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory and at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing
Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. PNNL is operated by
Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO
1830. D.A.B. additionally and gratefully acknowledges support from the
National Science Foundation (MCB-0523100), Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (FA9550-05-1-0365) and DOE Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (contract pending).
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 5
BP 2306
EP 2317
DI 10.1021/pr101130b
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 759IU
UT WOS:000290234800016
PM 21391700
ER
PT J
AU Beyerlein, IJ
McCabe, RJ
Tome, CN
AF Beyerlein, I. J.
McCabe, R. J.
Tome, C. N.
TI Effect of microstructure on the nucleation of deformation twins in
polycrystalline high-purity magnesium: A multi-scale modeling study
SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Twinning; Nucleation; Statistics; Magnesium; hcp
ID GRAIN-SIZE; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; CONSTITUTIVE LAW; ZINC ALLOY; METALS;
EVOLUTION; ZIRCONIUM; TITANIUM; TEXTURE; GROWTH
AB A multi-scale, theoretical study of twin nucleation from grain boundaries in polycrystal-line hexagonal close packed (hcp) metals is presented. A key element in the model is a probability theory for the nucleation of deformation twins based on the idea that twins originate from a statistical distribution of defects in the grain boundaries and are activated by local stresses at the grain boundaries. In this work, this theory is integrated into a crystal plasticity constitutive model in order to study the influence of these statistical effects on the microstructural evolution of the polycrystal, such as texture and twin volume fraction. Recently, a statistical analysis of exceptionally large data sets {10 (1) over bar2} deformation twins was conducted for high-purity Mg (Beyerlein et al., 2010a). To demonstrate the significantly enhanced accuracy of the present model over those employing more conventional, deterministic approaches to twin activation, the model is applied to the case of {10 (1) over bar2} twinning in Mg to quantitatively interpret the many statistical features reported for these twins (e.g., variant selection, thickness, numbers per grain) and their relationship to crystallographic grain orientation, grain size, and grain boundary misorientation angle. Notably the model explains the weak relationship observed between crystal orientation and twin variant selection and the strong correlation found between grain size and the number of twins formed per grain. The predictions suggest that stress fluctuations generated at grain boundaries are responsible for experimentally observed dispersions in twin variant selection. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Beyerlein, I. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[McCabe, R. J.; Tome, C. N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Beyerlein, IJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B16, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM irene@lanl.gov; rmccabe@lanl.gov; tome@lanl.gov
RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013;
OI McCabe, Rodney /0000-0002-6684-7410
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [FWP-06SCPE401]
FX This work was supported in full by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences (Project No: FWP-06SCPE401). We would like to
acknowledge the reviewers for their valuable comments.
NR 39
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Z9 108
U1 7
U2 70
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-5096
J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS
JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 5
BP 988
EP 1003
DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2011.02.007
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed
Matter
SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics
GA 757FV
UT WOS:000290071800005
ER
PT J
AU Wall, ME
AF Wall, Michael E.
TI Structure-function relations are subtle in genetic regulatory networks
SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene regulation; Function prediction; Network motifs; Escherichia coli;
Computational biology; Synthetic biology
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LAC OPERON; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; BISTABILITY;
LACTOSE; DESIGN; MOTIFS; CIRCUITS; MODEL; EXPRESSION
AB Recent studies have yielded insights into structure-function relations in genetic regulatory networks. Models of feed-forward loops show that the input-output behavior depends critically on the input signal as well as transcription interactions. Models of induction of the lac operon in Escherichia coli reveal the importance of metabolism in determining genetic regulatory network behavior. Combined experimental and computational studies of activation by MarA in E. coli show how mechanisms of transcription regulation, hidden at the level of genetic regulatory networks, can influence behavior. Together these studies illustrate that gene regulation is critically influenced by factors beyond the topology of genetic regulatory interactions. Prediction of the specific information processing roles of gene circuits is more difficult than we would like, but it is still possible. Thinking about evolution of proteins and networks might make it easier. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA.
RP Wall, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87505 USA.
EM mewall@lanl.gov
OI Alexandrov, Ludmil/0000-0003-3596-4515
FU Department of Energy through Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX I am grateful to William S. Hlavacek and John Dunbar for discussions
about gene regulation, and to Michael A. Savageau for his generous
advice and encouragement. The writing of this review was supported by
the Department of Energy through Los Alamos National Laboratory's
Laboratory-Directed Research and Development program.
NR 51
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0025-5564
EI 1879-3134
J9 MATH BIOSCI
JI Math. Biosci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 231
IS 1
SI SI
BP 61
EP 68
DI 10.1016/j.mbs.2011.02.003
PG 8
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology
GA 758WP
UT WOS:000290198300006
PM 21329703
ER
PT J
AU Fierro, AO
Shao, XM
Hamlin, T
Reisner, JM
AF Fierro, Alexandre O.
Shao, Xuan-Min
Hamlin, Timothy
Reisner, Jon M.
TI Evolution of Eyewall Convective Events as Indicated by Intracloud and
Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity during the Rapid Intensification of
Hurricanes Rita and Katrina
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID NARROW BIPOLAR EVENTS; SFERIC ARRAY LASA; TROPICAL CYCLONES; SCALE
CHARACTERISTICS; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; HOT TOWERS; ELECTRIFICATION;
ATLANTIC; STORM; INTENSITY
AB Lightning data (cloud-to-ground plus intracloud) obtained from the Los Alamos Sferic Array (LASA) for 2005's Hurricanes Rita and Katrina were analyzed to provide a first insight into the three-dimensional electrical activity of rapidly intensifying hurricanes. This information is crucial for modelers aiming at better forecasting hurricane intensity, because it is inherently related to key structural aspects of the storm often misrepresented in numerical models. Analysis of the intracloud narrow bipolar events (NBEs) for Rita revealed a general increase in discharge heights during the period of rapid intensification. The results also showed that for the case of Rita, NBEs were useful in tracking and mapping the evolution of individual strong convective elements embedded in the eyewall during rapid intensification. Those results are particularly revealing, and suggest that the general increase in height of the intracloud lightning is an aggregate consequence of numerous short-lived convective events rotating rapidly around the eyewall of Rita. A similar rise in discharge heights during periods of intensification was also observed for Katrina. However, the NBE lightning data show that for Katrina, the eyewall convection persisted for several hours at a fixed location instead of rotating cyclonically along the eyewall. This highlights the idea that NBE lightning data can also be used to identify different convective regimes attributed to possibly different internal or external forcing mechanism(s).
C1 [Fierro, Alexandre O.; Reisner, Jon M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Shao, Xuan-Min; Hamlin, Timothy] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Remote Sensing Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Fierro, AO (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Suite 2100,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM afterro@ou.edu
RI Fierro, Alexandre/C-4733-2014
OI Fierro, Alexandre/0000-0002-4859-1255
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and the LDRD
program of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The authors would also
like to thank Dr. Edward "Ted" Mansell, Dr. Don MacGorman, Dr. Conrad
Ziegler, and Dr. Chris Jeffery for providing helpful suggestions on an
earlier version of the manuscript. The authors would also like to thank
Dr. Dave Vollaro and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments.
Thanks also go out to Steve Guimond for providing the 3D radar data used
to create Fig. 6.
NR 56
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 139
IS 5
BP 1492
EP 1504
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3532.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 759JQ
UT WOS:000290237000011
ER
PT J
AU Werth, D
Garrett, A
AF Werth, David
Garrett, Alfred
TI Patterns of Land Surface Errors and Biases in the Global Forecast System
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID PART I; VERIFICATION; CALIBRATION; RESOLUTION; MODEL
AB One year's worth of Global Forecast System (GFS) predictions of surface meteorological variables (wind speed, air temperature, dewpoint temperature, sea level pressure) are validated for land-based stations over the entire planet for forecasts extending from 0 h into the future (an analysis) to 7 days. Approximately 12 000 surface stations worldwide were included in this analysis. Root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) increased as the forecast period increased from 0 to 36 h, but the initial RMSEs were almost as large as the 36-h forecast RMSEs for all variables. Typical RMSEs were 3 degrees C for air temperature, 2-3 mb for sea level pressure, 3.5 degrees C for dewpoint temperature, and 2.5 m s(-1) for wind speed.
An analysis of the biases at each station shows that the biggest errors are associated with mountain ranges and other areas of steep topography, with land-sea contrasts also playing a role. When the error is decomposed into the bias, variance, and correlation terms, the large initial RMSEs for the 0-h forecasts are seen to be due to a large forecast bias (which persisted into the longer forecasts) with errors in forecast correlation also making a large contribution.
A validation of two subdomains showed results similar to the global validation, but the dependence of the biases on the forecast time was clearer. Finally, the RMSE values climb as forecasts go out when validated out to a period of 7 days as the correlation error term grows.
C1 [Werth, David; Garrett, Alfred] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Werth, D (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Savannah River Site,Bldg 773-A,Rm A-1012, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
EM david.werth@srnl.doe.gov
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 139
IS 5
BP 1569
EP 1582
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3423.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 759JQ
UT WOS:000290237000016
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CM
Xu, W
Liu, J
Zhang, JG
Saraf, LV
Arey, BW
Choi, DW
Yang, ZG
Xiao, J
Thevuthasan, S
Baer, DR
AF Wang, Chong-Min
Xu, Wu
Liu, Jun
Zhang, Ji-Guang
Saraf, Lax V.
Arey, Bruce W.
Choi, Daiwon
Yang, Zhen-Guo
Xiao, Jie
Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai
Baer, Donald R.
TI In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of Microstructure
and Phase Evolution in a SnO2 Nanowire during Lithium Intercalation
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Li-ion battery; in situ TEM; microstructure; nanobattery; SnO2 nanowire
ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; LI-ION BATTERIES; SEI FORMATION; OXIDE;
RESOLUTION; LIQUID; FILM; VISUALIZATION; NANOPARTICLES; TRANSITION
AB Recently we have reported structural transformation features of SnO2 upon initial charging using a configuration that leads to the sequential lithiation of SnO2 nanowire from one end to the other (Huang et al. Science 2010, 330,1515). A key question to be addressed is the lithiation behavior of the nanowire when it is fully soaked into the electrolyte (Chiang Science 2010, 330, 1485). This Letter documents the structural characteristics of SnO2 upon initial charging based on a battery assembled with a single nanowire anode, which is fully soaked (immersed) into an ionic liquid based electrolyte using in situ transmission electron microscopy. It has been observed that following the initial charging the nanowire retained a wire shape, although highly distorted. The originally straight wire is characterized by a zigzag structure following the phase transformation, indicating that during the phase transformation of SnO2 + Li <-> LixSn + LiyO, the nanowire was subjected to severe deformation, as similarly observed for the case when the SnO2 was charged sequentially from one end to the other. Transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed that the LixSn phase possesses a spherical morphology and is embedded into the amorphous LiyO matrix, indicating a simultaneous partitioning and coarsening of LixSn through Sn and Li diffusion in the amorphous matrix accompanied the phase transformation. The presently observed composite configuration gives detailed information on the structural change and how this change takes place on nanometer scale.
C1 [Wang, Chong-Min; Saraf, Lax V.; Arey, Bruce W.; Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai; Baer, Donald R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Xu, Wu; Zhang, Ji-Guang; Choi, Daiwon; Yang, Zhen-Guo; Xiao, Jie] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Chongmin.Wang@pnl.gov
RI Choi, Daiwon/B-6593-2008; Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013
OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961
FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Offices of Basic Energy Sciences
and Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science of U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
[KC020105-FWP12152]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental
Research at PNNL; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]
FX The authors thank Dr. Jianyu Huang of Sandia National Laboratory for
beneficial discussions, Michael C. Perkins of Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL) for the graphic work of Figure 2, Drs. Yuliang Cao and
Libor Kovarik for critical discussions and reading the manuscript, and
Norman Salmon of Hummingbird Scientific for designing and manufacturing
of the biasing holder. This work was supported in part by the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, and Offices of Basic Energy Sciences and Biological
and Environmental Research, Office of Science of U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE). Jun Liu is grateful for the support from the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award KC020105-FWP12152. The
work was conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular
Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility
sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and
located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract
DE-AC05-76RLO1830.
NR 45
TC 152
Z9 154
U1 22
U2 226
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 1874
EP 1880
DI 10.1021/nl200272n
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000004
PM 21476583
ER
PT J
AU Maksymovych, P
Seidel, J
Chu, YH
Wu, PP
Baddorf, AP
Chen, LQ
Kalinin, SV
Ramesh, R
AF Maksymovych, Peter
Seidel, Jan
Chu, Ying Hao
Wu, Pingping
Baddorf, Arthur P.
Chen, Long-Qing
Kalinin, Sergei V.
Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
TI Dynamic Conductivity of Ferroelectric Domain Walls in BiFeO3
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bismuth ferrite; domain wall; conductivity; ferroelectric; memristive
system; pinning
ID PHYSICS; DEVICES; FILMS
AB Topological walls separating domains of continuous polarization, magnetization, and strain in ferroic materials hold promise of novel electronic properties, that are intrinsically localized on the nanoscale and that can be patterned on demand without change of material volume or elemental composition. We have revealed that ferroelectric domain walls in multiferroic BiFeO3 are inherently dynamic electronic conductors, closely mimicking memristive behavior and contrary to the usual assumption of rigid conductivity. Applied electric field can cause a localized transition between insulating and conducting domain walls, tune domain wall conductance by over an order of magnitude, and create a quasicontinuous spectrum of metastable conductance states. Our measurements identified that subtle and microscopically reversible distortion of the polarization structure at the domain wall is at the origin of the dynamic conductivity. The latter is therefore likely to be a universal property of topological defects in ferroelectric semiconductors.
C1 [Maksymovych, Peter; Baddorf, Arthur P.; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Seidel, Jan; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Seidel, Jan; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Seidel, Jan; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chu, Ying Hao] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
[Wu, Pingping; Chen, Long-Qing] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Maksymovych, P (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM maksymovychp@ornl.gov; jseidel@berkeley.edu
RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; Kim, Yu Jin/A-2433-2012; Kalinin,
Sergei/I-9096-2012; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Maksymovych,
Petro/C-3922-2016; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016
OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152;
Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Maksymovych,
Petro/0000-0003-0822-8459; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy; SRC-NRI-WINS program; Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH1123]; Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation
FX Experiments were performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, which is sponsored at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The work at
Berkeley is partially supported by the SRC-NRI-WINS program as well as
by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under
contract no. DE-AC02-05CH1123. J.S. acknowledges support from the
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
NR 41
TC 98
Z9 100
U1 8
U2 136
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 1906
EP 1912
DI 10.1021/nl104363x
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000009
PM 21486089
ER
PT J
AU Fu, WY
Qin, SY
Liu, L
Kim, TH
Hellstrom, S
Wang, WL
Liang, WJ
Bai, XD
Li, AP
Wang, EG
AF Fu, Wangyang
Qin, Shengyong
Liu, Lei
Kim, Tae-Hwan
Hellstrom, Sondra
Wang, Wenlong
Liang, Wenjie
Bai, Xuedong
Li, An-Ping
Wang, Enge
TI Ferroelectric Gated Electrical Transport in CdS Nanotetrapods
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanotetrapod; ferroelectric; field effect; nonvolatile memory; band
alignment; scanning probe microscopy
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CARBON-NANOTUBE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MEMORY;
NANOCRYSTALS; DIELECTRICS; TETRAPODS; GROWTH
AB Complex nanostructures such as branched semiconductor nanotetrapods are promising building blocks for next-generation nanoelectronics. Here we report on the electrical transport properties of individual CdS tetrapods in a field effect transistor (FET) configuration with a ferroelectric Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 film as high-k, switchable gate dielectric. A cryogenic four-probe scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to probe the electrical transport through individual nanotetrapods at different temperatures. A p-type field effect is observed at room temperature, owing to the enhanced gate capacitance coupling. And the reversible remnant polarization of the ferroelectric gate dielectric leads to a well-defined nonvolatile memory effect. The field effect is shown to originate from the channel tuning in the arm/core/arm junctions of nanotetrapods. At low temperature (8.5 K), the nanotetrapod devices exhibit a ferroelectric-modulated single-electron transistor (SET) behavior. The results illustrate how the characteristics of a ferroelectric such as switchable polarization and high dielectric constant can be exploited to control the functionality of individual three-dimensional nanoarchitectures.
C1 [Fu, Wangyang; Liu, Lei; Wang, Wenlong; Liang, Wenjie; Bai, Xuedong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Qin, Shengyong; Kim, Tae-Hwan; Li, An-Ping] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wang, Enge] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Int Ctr Quantum Mat, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Hellstrom, Sondra] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Wang, WL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM wwl@aphy.iphy.ac.cn; apli@ornl.gov; egwang@pku.edu.cn
RI Kim, Tae-Hwan/A-5636-2010; Qin, Shengyong/A-7348-2012; Li,
An-Ping/B-3191-2012; Liu, Lei/E-6267-2014
OI Kim, Tae-Hwan/0000-0001-5328-0913; Li, An-Ping/0000-0003-4400-7493;
FU MOST [2009DFA01290, 2007CB936203, 2007AA03Z353]; CAS of China; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy
FX Financial support from MOST (Grants 2009DFA01290, 2007CB936203, and
2007AA03Z353) and CAS of China is acknowledged. Four-probe STM transport
research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences,
which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 41
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 52
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 1913
EP 1918
DI 10.1021/nl104398v
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000010
PM 21513340
ER
PT J
AU Clark, MD
Kumar, SK
Owen, JS
Chan, EM
AF Clark, Michael D.
Kumar, Sanat K.
Owen, Jonathan S.
Chan, Emory M.
TI Focusing Nanocrystal Size Distributions via Production Control
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanocrystals; size focusing; theory; chemical production; monodisperse
ID SILVER-HALIDE PARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; QUANTUM DOTS; SPONTANEOUS
NUCLEATION; II-VI; MONODISPERSE; GROWTH; KINETICS; INJECTION; CRYSTALS
AB We present a theoretical description of how continuous monomer production affects the focusing of nanocrystal size distributions in solution. We show that sufficiently high monomer production rates can drive a decrease in the polydispersity even as the average nanocrystal size increases. This is in sharp contrast to Ostwald ripening, where polydispersity increases with mean crystal size. We interpret several experimental nanocrystal studies through our model and show how production-controlled growth promises exquisite control over the size and polydispersity of functional nano crystals.
C1 [Clark, Michael D.; Kumar, Sanat K.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Owen, Jonathan S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Chan, Emory M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kumar, SK (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM sk2794@columbia.edu
OI Owen, Jonathan/0000-0001-5502-3267
FU National Science Foundation; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-78105CH11231]
FX We acknowledge financial support from the National Science Foundation.
Portions of this work were performed at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, and were supported by the Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-78105CH11231. M.D.C. and S.K.K
conducted the derivation, numerical studies, and all data fits. J.S.O.
and E.M.C. provided fundamental concepts and experimental data. M.D.C.,
S.K.K, and J.S.O. wrote the paper.
NR 36
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 5
U2 63
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 1976
EP 1980
DI 10.1021/nl200286j
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000021
PM 21476514
ER
PT J
AU Fatemi, V
Kamenetska, M
Neaton, JB
Venkataraman, L
AF Fatemi, V.
Kamenetska, M.
Neaton, J. B.
Venkataraman, L.
TI Environmental Control of Single-Molecule Junction Transport
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal-organic interface; single-molecule conductance; tunnel coupling;
solvent effects; density functional theory; p-phenylenediamine
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CONDUCTANCE; CONFORMATION; CIRCUITS; CONTACTS;
METALS; AU
AB The conductance of individual 1,4-benzenediamine (BDA)-Au molecular junctions is measured in different solvent environments using a scanning tunneling microscope based point-contact technique. Solvents are found to increase the conductance of these molecular junctions by as much as 50%. Using first principles calculations, we explain this increase by showing that a shift in the Au contact work function is induced by solvents binding to undercoordinated Au sites around the junction. Increasing the Au contact work function reduces the separation between the Au Fermi energy and the highest occupied molecular orbital of BDA in the junction, increasing the measured conductance. We demonstrate that the solvent-induced shift in conductance depends on the affinity of the solvent to Au binding sites and also on the induced dipole (relative to BDA) upon adsorption. Via this mechanism, molecular junction level alignment and transport properties can be statistically altered by solvent molecule binding to the contact surface.
C1 [Neaton, J. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fatemi, V.; Kamenetska, M.; Venkataraman, L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Neaton, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jbneaton@lbl.gov; lv2117@columbia.edu
RI Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015;
OI Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135; Venkataraman,
Latha/0000-0002-6957-6089
FU NSF [CHE-07-44185]; ACS PRF; DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences;
Columbia University; LBNL
FX We thank M. L. Steigerwald, L. Kronik, I. Tamblyn, S. Y. Quek, and A.
Zayak for discussions. This work was supported in part by the NSF Career
Award (CHE-07-44185) and the ACS PRF. Part of this research was
performed at the Molecular Foundry at LBNL, supported by the DOE, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences. V.F. thanks the NSEC REU program at Columbia
University and the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship Program
at LBNL.
NR 27
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 1988
EP 1992
DI 10.1021/nl200324e
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000023
PM 21500833
ER
PT J
AU Chen, D
Liu, F
Wang, C
Nakahara, A
Russell, TP
AF Chen, Dian
Liu, Feng
Wang, Cheng
Nakahara, Atsuhiro
Russell, Thomas P.
TI Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Active Layers via Bilayer
Interdiffusion
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Photovoltaic devices; morphology; bilayer; diffusion; bulk
heterojunction; spinodal decomposition
ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; INTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; X-RAY REFLECTIVITY;
THIN-FILMS; INTERPENETRATING NETWORK; EXCITON DIFFUSION;
SELF-ORGANIZATION; PHASE-SEPARATION; MORPHOLOGY; PERFORMANCE
AB To better understand the physics of the photoactive layer in the organic photovoltaic devices, it is necessary to gain a quantitative understanding of the morphology and the manner in which it develops. A key element in the kinetics associated with the structure development is the interdiffusion of the components. To that end we used P3HT/PCBM bilayers as a model to investigate the interdiffusion of the components and its role in the development of the morphology. A detailed description of the diffusion behavior and the morphology developed from a layer of P3HT in contact with a layer of PCBM during thermal annealing is given. Amorphous P3HT and PCBM are shown to be highly miscible and PCBM can penetrate into the P3HT layer through the P3HT amorphous region and form the bulk heterojunction structure within a few seconds of annealing at 150 C. The results indicated that one phase is an ordered P3HT domain and the other phase is the mixture of amorphous P3HT and PCBM which is not consistent with a phase separation of the components by a spinodal decomposition mechanism.
C1 [Chen, Dian; Liu, Feng; Russell, Thomas P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Wang, Cheng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Nakahara, Atsuhiro] Kuraray Co Ltd, Kurashiki Res Ctr, Okayama 7100801, Japan.
RP Russell, TP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM russell@mail.pse.umass.edu
RI Wang, Cheng /E-7399-2012; Chen, Dian/F-4037-2012; Chen,
Dian/F-6131-2012; Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014; Liu, Feng/J-4361-2014
OI Liu, Feng/0000-0002-5572-8512
FU Department of Energy [DOE DE-PS02-08ER15944]; NSF [DMR-0820506];
University of Santa Barbara through the Materials Research Facilities
Network [DMR05-30415]; Konarka; Scientific User Facilities Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; DOE, Office
of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy supported Energy
Frontier Research Center at the University of Massachusetts (DOE
DE-PS02-08ER15944), the NSF-supported Materials Research Science and
Engineering Center at the University of Massachusetts (DMR-0820506), the
University of Santa Barbara (DMR05-30415) through the Materials Research
Facilities Network, and Konarka. We also thank T. Mates (UCSB) for the
DSIMS measurements. A portion of this research at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy. Portions of this research were carried out at the
Advanced Light Source, Berkeley National Laboratory, which was supported
by the DOE, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences. We
thank Yoshiyuki Tashiro and Hisako Suzuki (Foundation for Promotion of
Material Science and Technology of Japan) for the BF-STEM and TEM-EELS
measurements. We also thank Yu Gu, Xiao Bo Shen, and Alexander Hexemer
for assisting in the experiments.
NR 47
TC 191
Z9 192
U1 2
U2 125
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 2071
EP 2078
DI 10.1021/nl200552r
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000038
PM 21476579
ER
PT J
AU Shelton, DJ
Brener, I
Ginn, JC
Sinclair, MB
Peters, DW
Coffey, KR
Boreman, GD
AF Shelton, D. J.
Brener, I.
Ginn, J. C.
Sinclair, M. B.
Peters, D. W.
Coffey, K. R.
Boreman, G. D.
TI Strong Coupling between Nanoscale Metamaterials and Phonons
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Metamaterials; phonon vibrational modes; normal mode splitting; split
ring resonators; near fields
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; TERAHERTZ
METAMATERIALS; SURFACE-PLASMONS; SPECTROSCOPY; MONOLAYERS; FREQUENCY;
ANALOG
AB We use split ring resonators (SRRs) at optical frequencies to study strong coupling between planar metamaterials and phonon vibrations in nanometer-scale dielectric layers. A series of SRR metamaterials were fabricated on a semiconductor wafer with a thin intervening SiO2 dielectric layer. The dimensions of the SRRs were varied to tune the fundamental metamaterial resonance across the infrared (IR) active phonon band of SiO2 at 130 meV (31 THz). Strong anticrossing of these resonances was observed, indicative of strong coupling between metamaterial and phonon excitations. This coupling is very general and can occur with any electrically polarizable resonance including phonon vibrations in other thin film materials and semiconductor band-to-band transitions in the near to far IR. These effects may be exploited to reduce loss and to create unique spectral features that are not possible with metamaterials alone.
C1 [Shelton, D. J.; Boreman, G. D.] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Sinclair, M. B.; Peters, D. W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Brener, I.; Ginn, J. C.] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Coffey, K. R.] Univ Cent Florida, AMPAC, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Shelton, D. J.; Ginn, J. C.] Plasmonics Inc, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
RP Shelton, DJ (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM david.shelton@plasmonics-inc.com
RI Brener, Igal/G-1070-2010
OI Brener, Igal/0000-0002-2139-5182
FU Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Energy
Frontier Research Center for Solid State Lighting Science; DOE/NNSA
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This research was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a
multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This
work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences user facility. The simulation portion was funded by the Energy
Frontier Research Center for Solid State Lighting Science. We also
acknowledge funding by DARPA/MTO's Casimir Effect Enhancement program
under DOE/NNSA Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 29
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 7
U2 46
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 5
BP 2104
EP 2108
DI 10.1021/nl200689z
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 761CN
UT WOS:000290373000044
PM 21462937
ER
PT J
AU Yilmaz, P
Kottmann, R
Field, D
Knight, R
Cole, JR
Amaral-Zettler, L
Gilbert, JA
Karsch-Mizrachi, I
Johnston, A
Cochrane, G
Vaughan, R
Hunter, C
Park, J
Morrison, N
Rocca-Serra, P
Sterk, P
Arumugam, M
Bailey, M
Baumgartner, L
Birren, BW
Blaser, MJ
Bonazzi, V
Booth, T
Bork, P
Bushman, FD
Buttigieg, PL
Chain, PSG
Charlson, E
Costello, EK
Huot-Creasy, H
Dawyndt, P
DeSantis, T
Fierer, N
Fuhrman, JA
Gallery, RE
Gevers, D
Gibbs, RA
Gil, IS
Gonzalez, A
Gordon, JI
Guralnick, R
Hankeln, W
Highlander, S
Hugenholtz, P
Jansson, J
Kau, AL
Kelley, ST
Kennedy, J
Knights, D
Koren, O
Kuczynski, J
Kyrpides, N
Larsen, R
Lauber, CL
Legg, T
Ley, RE
Lozupone, CA
Ludwig, W
Lyons, D
Maguire, E
Methe, BA
Meyer, F
Muegge, B
Nakielny, S
Nelson, KE
Nemergut, D
Neufeld, JD
Newbold, LK
Oliver, AE
Pace, NR
Palanisamy, G
Peplies, J
Petrosino, J
Proctor, L
Pruesse, E
Quast, C
Raes, J
Ratnasingham, S
Ravel, J
Relman, DA
Assunta-Sansone, S
Schloss, PD
Schriml, L
Sinha, R
Smith, MI
Sodergren, E
Spor, A
Stombaugh, J
Tiedje, JM
Ward, DV
Weinstock, GM
Wendel, D
White, O
Whiteley, A
Wilke, A
Wortman, JR
Yatsunenko, T
Glockner, FO
AF Yilmaz, Pelin
Kottmann, Renzo
Field, Dawn
Knight, Rob
Cole, James R.
Amaral-Zettler, Linda
Gilbert, Jack A.
Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene
Johnston, Anjanette
Cochrane, Guy
Vaughan, Robert
Hunter, Christopher
Park, Joonhong
Morrison, Norman
Rocca-Serra, Philippe
Sterk, Peter
Arumugam, Manimozhiyan
Bailey, Mark
Baumgartner, Laura
Birren, Bruce W.
Blaser, Martin J.
Bonazzi, Vivien
Booth, Tim
Bork, Peer
Bushman, Frederic D.
Buttigieg, Pier Luigi
Chain, Patrick S. G.
Charlson, Emily
Costello, Elizabeth K.
Huot-Creasy, Heather
Dawyndt, Peter
DeSantis, Todd
Fierer, Noah
Fuhrman, Jed A.
Gallery, Rachel E.
Gevers, Dirk
Gibbs, Richard A.
Gil, Inigo San
Gonzalez, Antonio
Gordon, Jeffrey I.
Guralnick, Robert
Hankeln, Wolfgang
Highlander, Sarah
Hugenholtz, Philip
Jansson, Janet
Kau, Andrew L.
Kelley, Scott T.
Kennedy, Jerry
Knights, Dan
Koren, Omry
Kuczynski, Justin
Kyrpides, Nikos
Larsen, Robert
Lauber, Christian L.
Legg, Teresa
Ley, Ruth E.
Lozupone, Catherine A.
Ludwig, Wolfgang
Lyons, Donna
Maguire, Eamonn
Methe, Barbara A.
Meyer, Folker
Muegge, Brian
Nakielny, Sara
Nelson, Karen E.
Nemergut, Diana
Neufeld, Josh D.
Newbold, Lindsay K.
Oliver, Anna E.
Pace, Norman R.
Palanisamy, Giriprakash
Peplies, Joerg
Petrosino, Joseph
Proctor, Lita
Pruesse, Elmar
Quast, Christian
Raes, Jeroen
Ratnasingham, Sujeevan
Ravel, Jacques
Relman, David A.
Assunta-Sansone, Susanna
Schloss, Patrick D.
Schriml, Lynn
Sinha, Rohini
Smith, Michelle I.
Sodergren, Erica
Spor, Ayme
Stombaugh, Jesse
Tiedje, James M.
Ward, Doyle V.
Weinstock, George M.
Wendel, Doug
White, Owen
Whiteley, Andrew
Wilke, Andreas
Wortman, Jennifer R.
Yatsunenko, Tanya
Gloeckner, Frank Oliver
TI Minimum information about a marker gene sequence (MIMARKS) and minimum
information about any (x) sequence (MIxS) specifications
SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; DIVERSITY; BACTERIOPLANKTON; MICROORGANISMS;
PICOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY; PLANKTON; REGIONS; PROJECT
AB Here we present a standard developed by the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) for reporting marker gene sequences-the minimum information about a marker gene sequence (MIMARKS). We also introduce a system for describing the environment from which a biological sample originates. The 'environmental packages' apply to any genome sequence of known origin and can be used in combination with MIMARKS and other GSC checklists. Finally, to establish a unified standard for describing sequence data and to provide a single point of entry for the scientific community to access and learn about GSC checklists, we present the minimum information about any (x) sequence (MIxS). Adoption of MIxS will enhance our ability to analyze natural genetic diversity documented by massive DNA sequencing efforts from myriad ecosystems in our ever-changing biosphere.
C1 [Yilmaz, Pelin; Kottmann, Renzo; Buttigieg, Pier Luigi; Hankeln, Wolfgang; Pruesse, Elmar; Quast, Christian; Gloeckner, Frank Oliver] Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom & Bioinformat Grp, Bremen, Germany.
[Yilmaz, Pelin; Buttigieg, Pier Luigi; Hankeln, Wolfgang; Pruesse, Elmar; Gloeckner, Frank Oliver] Jacobs Univ Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany.
[Field, Dawn; Morrison, Norman; Sterk, Peter; Bailey, Mark; Booth, Tim; Newbold, Lindsay K.; Oliver, Anna E.; Whiteley, Andrew] Wallington CEH, Environm Bioinformat Ctr, Nat Environm Res Council, Oxford, England.
[Knight, Rob; Costello, Elizabeth K.; Kennedy, Jerry; Larsen, Robert; Lozupone, Catherine A.; Nakielny, Sara; Stombaugh, Jesse; Wendel, Doug] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Knight, Rob] Univ Calif San Francisco, Howard Hughes Med Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Cole, James R.] Michigan State Univ, Ribosomal Database Project, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cole, James R.; Chain, Patrick S. G.; Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Amaral-Zettler, Linda] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gilbert, Jack A.] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England.
[Gilbert, Jack A.; Meyer, Folker; Wilke, Andreas] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene; Johnston, Anjanette] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Cochrane, Guy; Vaughan, Robert; Hunter, Christopher] European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab EMBL Outstn, Cambridge, England.
[Park, Joonhong] Yonsei Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, WCU Ctr Green Metagen, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Morrison, Norman] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Rocca-Serra, Philippe; Maguire, Eamonn; Assunta-Sansone, Susanna] Univ Oxford, Oxford e Res Ctr, Oxford, England.
[Arumugam, Manimozhiyan; Bork, Peer] European Mol Biol Lab, Struct & Computat Biol Unit, Heidelberg, Germany.
[Baumgartner, Laura; Pace, Norman R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Birren, Bruce W.; Gevers, Dirk; Kuczynski, Justin; Ward, Doyle V.] MIT, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Birren, Bruce W.; Gevers, Dirk; Kuczynski, Justin; Ward, Doyle V.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Blaser, Martin J.] NYU, Dept Med, Langone Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Blaser, Martin J.] NYU, Dept Microbiol, Langone Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Bonazzi, Vivien; Proctor, Lita] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Bushman, Frederic D.; Charlson, Emily; Sinha, Rohini] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Chain, Patrick S. G.; Jansson, Janet; Kyrpides, Nikos] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
[Chain, Patrick S. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Huot-Creasy, Heather; Ravel, Jacques; Schriml, Lynn; White, Owen; Wortman, Jennifer R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Dawyndt, Peter] Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Math & Comp Sci, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[DeSantis, Todd] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Fierer, Noah; Guralnick, Robert; Legg, Teresa] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fuhrman, Jed A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Gallery, Rachel E.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO USA.
[Gibbs, Richard A.; Highlander, Sarah; Petrosino, Joseph] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Gibbs, Richard A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Gil, Inigo San] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, LTER Network Off, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Gonzalez, Antonio; Knights, Dan] Univ Colorado, Dept Comp Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gordon, Jeffrey I.; Kau, Andrew L.; Muegge, Brian; Smith, Michelle I.; Yatsunenko, Tanya] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genome Sci & Syst Biol, St Louis, MO USA.
[Guralnick, Robert] Univ Colorado, Museum Nat Hist, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Highlander, Sarah; Petrosino, Joseph] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Hugenholtz, Philip] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, Australian Ctr Ecogen, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
[Jansson, Janet] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kelley, Scott T.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Koren, Omry; Ley, Ruth E.; Spor, Ayme] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Lauber, Christian L.; Lyons, Donna] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ludwig, Wolfgang] Tech Univ Munich, Lehrstuhl Mikrobiol, D-8050 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.
[Methe, Barbara A.; Nelson, Karen E.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA.
[Nemergut, Diana] Univ Colorado, Dept Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neufeld, Josh D.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Palanisamy, Giriprakash] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Peplies, Joerg] Ribocon GmbH, Bremen, Germany.
[Raes, Jeroen] Vrije Univ Brussel VIB, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Ratnasingham, Sujeevan] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Canadian Ctr DNA Barcoding, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Relman, David A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Relman, David A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Immunol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Relman, David A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Relman, David A.] Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA.
[Schloss, Patrick D.] Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Sodergren, Erica; Weinstock, George M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Genome Ctr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
RP Glockner, FO (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Marine Microbiol, Microbial Genom & Bioinformat Grp, Bremen, Germany.
EM fog@mpi-bremen.de
RI Hugenholtz, Philip/G-9608-2011; Whiteley, Andrew/A-3395-2012; Spor,
Ayme/A-6271-2012; Jansson, Janet/F-9951-2012; Arumugam,
Manimozhiyan/E-1211-2011; Park, Joonhong/G-8064-2012; bailey,
mark/I-7149-2012; Dawyndt, Peter/A-1566-2013; chain,
patrick/B-9777-2013; Weinstock, George/C-6314-2013; Fuhrman,
Jed/C-6461-2013; Bork, Peer/F-1813-2013; Ratnasingham,
Sujeevan/G-9103-2014; Ley, Ruth/M-8542-2014; Park, Joonhong/A-3520-2016;
Knight, Rob/D-1299-2010; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014;
OI Spor, Ayme/0000-0002-4707-9559; Arumugam,
Manimozhiyan/0000-0002-0886-9101; bailey, mark/0000-0002-0147-7316;
Weinstock, George/0000-0002-2997-4592; Bork, Peer/0000-0002-2627-833X;
Ley, Ruth/0000-0002-9087-1672; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462;
Sansone, Susanna-Assunta/0000-0001-5306-5690; Meyer,
Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284; Wortman, Jennifer/0000-0002-8713-1227;
Ravel, Jacques/0000-0002-0851-2233; Yilmaz, Pelin/0000-0003-4724-323X;
Hunter, Christopher/0000-0002-1335-0881; Sterk,
Peter/0000-0003-1668-7778; Maguire, Eamonn/0000-0002-7277-7834;
Cochrane, Guy/0000-0001-7954-7057; Schriml, Lynn/0000-0001-8910-9851;
Chain, Patrick/0000-0003-3949-3634; Bushman,
Frederic/0000-0003-4740-4056; Buttigieg, Pier Luigi/0000-0002-4366-3088;
Schloss, Patrick/0000-0002-6935-4275; Newbold,
Lindsay/0000-0001-8895-1406; Dawyndt, Peter/0000-0002-1623-9070; Koren,
Omry/0000-0002-7738-1337
FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG005975, R01
HG005975-02, U54 HG003273]; NHLBI NIH HHS [U01 HL098957]; NIDDK NIH HHS
[K01 DK090285, UH2 DK083981]
NR 30
TC 174
Z9 177
U1 4
U2 50
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1087-0156
EI 1546-1696
J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Biotechnol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 5
BP 415
EP 420
DI 10.1038/nbt.1823
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 760CX
UT WOS:000290301700021
PM 21552244
ER
PT J
AU Jore, MM
Lundgren, M
van Duijn, E
Bultema, JB
Westra, ER
Waghmare, SP
Wiedenheft, B
Pul, U
Wurm, R
Wagner, R
Beijer, MR
Barendregt, A
Zhou, KH
Snijders, APL
Dickman, MJ
Doudna, JA
Boekema, EJ
Heck, AJR
van der Oost, J
Brouns, SJJ
AF Jore, Matthijs M.
Lundgren, Magnus
van Duijn, Esther
Bultema, Jelle B.
Westra, Edze R.
Waghmare, Sakharam P.
Wiedenheft, Blake
Pul, Uemit
Wurm, Reinhild
Wagner, Rolf
Beijer, Marieke R.
Barendregt, Arjan
Zhou, Kaihong
Snijders, Ambrosius P. L.
Dickman, Mark J.
Doudna, Jennifer A.
Boekema, Egbert J.
Heck, Albert J. R.
van der Oost, John
Brouns, Stan J. J.
TI Structural basis for CRISPR RNA-guided DNA recognition by Cascade
SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OF-FLIGHT INSTRUMENT; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; R-LOOPS;
STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS; ARCHAEOGLOBUS-FULGIDUS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM;
PROTEIN; DEFENSE; PROKARYOTES; BACTERIA
AB The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) immune system in prokaryotes uses small guide RNAs to neutralize invading viruses and plasmids. In Escherichia coli, immunity depends on a ribonucleoprotein complex called Cascade. Here we present the composition and low-resolution structure of Cascade and show how it recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) targets in a sequence-specific manner. Cascade is a 405-kDa complex comprising five functionally essential CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins (CasA(1)B(2)C(6)D(1)E(1)) and a 61-nucleotide CRISPR RNA (crRNA) with 5'-hydroxyl and 2', 3'-cyclic phosphate termini. The crRNA guides Cascade to dsDNA target sequences by forming base pairs with the complementary DNA strand while displacing the noncomplementary strand to form an R-loop. Cascade recognizes target DNA without consuming ATP, which suggests that continuous invader DNA surveillance takes place without energy investment. The structure of Cascade shows an unusual seahorse shape that undergoes conformational changes when it binds target DNA.
C1 [Jore, Matthijs M.; Lundgren, Magnus; Westra, Edze R.; Beijer, Marieke R.; van der Oost, John; Brouns, Stan J. J.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Agrotechnol & Food Sci, Microbiol Lab, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[van Duijn, Esther; Barendregt, Arjan; Heck, Albert J. R.] Univ Utrecht, Biomol Mass Spectrometry & Prote Grp, Bijvoet Ctr Biomol Res, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[van Duijn, Esther; Barendregt, Arjan; Heck, Albert J. R.] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[van Duijn, Esther; Barendregt, Arjan; Heck, Albert J. R.] Netherlands Prote Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Bultema, Jelle B.; Boekema, Egbert J.] Univ Groningen, Groningen Biomol Sci & Biotechnol Inst, Dept Biophys Chem, Groningen, Netherlands.
[Waghmare, Sakharam P.; Snijders, Ambrosius P. L.; Dickman, Mark J.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Chem & Proc Engn, ChELSI Inst, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
[Wiedenheft, Blake; Zhou, Kaihong; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wiedenheft, Blake; Zhou, Kaihong; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wiedenheft, Blake; Zhou, Kaihong; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pul, Uemit; Wurm, Reinhild; Wagner, Rolf] Univ Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany.
RP van der Oost, J (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Dept Agrotechnol & Food Sci, Microbiol Lab, Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM john.vanderoost@wur.nl
RI Heck, Albert/D-7098-2011;
OI Heck, Albert/0000-0002-2405-4404; Snijders, Bram/0000-0002-5416-8592
FU The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [865.05.001,
863.08.014, 700.58.402]; NWO TOP; UK Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research
Council; Wenner-Gren Foundation; Research Councils UK; Life Sciences
Research Foundation of HHMI; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [PU
435/1-1]; The Netherlands Proteomics Center
FX We thank M.H. Lai for experimental contributions, and E. Schaible, P.
Zwart and M. Bokhove for technical support and for assistance with post
processing of SAXS data. This work was financially supported by The
Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Vici grant to
J.v.d.O (865.05.001), Veni grants to S.J.J.B. (863.08.014) and E.v.D.
(700.58.402), NWO TOP grant to E.J.B., and UK Engineering and Physical
Sciences Research Council and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences
Research Council grants to M.J.D. M.L. was financially supported by the
Wenner-Gren Foundation, E.R.W. by Spinoza resources awarded to W.M. de
Vos, A.P.L.S. by the Research Councils UK, B.W. by the Life Sciences
Research Foundation of HHMI and U.P. by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft PU 435/1-1. We thank The Netherlands Proteomics
Center for financial support.
NR 52
TC 218
Z9 231
U1 12
U2 108
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1545-9993
EI 1545-9985
J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL
JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 5
BP 529
EP U141
DI 10.1038/nsmb.2019
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 758YS
UT WOS:000290205200003
PM 21460843
ER
PT J
AU Goldhaber, AS
Goldhaber, M
AF Goldhaber, Alfred Scharff
Goldhaber, Maurice
TI The neutrino's elusive helicity reversal
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Goldhaber, Alfred Scharff] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Goldhaber, Maurice] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Goldhaber, AS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 64
IS 5
BP 40
EP 43
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 760AA
UT WOS:000290291800014
ER
PT J
AU Steinke, L
Spreckels, J
Flamm, M
Celina, M
AF Steinke, L.
Spreckels, J.
Flamm, M.
Celina, M.
TI Model for heterogeneous aging of rubber products
SO PLASTICS RUBBER AND COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Article
DE Elastomer products; Aging; Diffusion limited oxidation; Stress
relaxation; Oxygen uptake; Modulus profiling
ID OXIDATION PROFILES; DIFFUSION
AB Rubbers and elastomers will change their material properties due to environmental influences such as temperature, oxygen, radiation and similar conditions. The reason for this material change is the modification of the polymer network. In the case of sulphur cured natural rubber it can result in hardening of the material and pronounced surface hardening for thick walled products. This is known as the diffusion limited oxidation effect when oxidation is the key environmental influence. This paper describes a model which is designed to calculate the change in network density caused by thermo-oxidative aging and the required measurements for the parameterisation. The model is validated by simulating the intermediate stress relaxation experiments and showed good correlation with the experimental data.
C1 [Steinke, L.; Spreckels, J.; Flamm, M.] Tech Univ Hamburg, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
[Celina, M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Steinke, L (reprint author), Tech Univ Hamburg, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
EM lars_steinke@web.de
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 17
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND
SN 1465-8011
J9 PLAST RUBBER COMPOS
JI Plast. Rubber Compos.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 40
IS 4
BP 175
EP 179
DI 10.1179/1743289810Y.0000000042
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA 761EF
UT WOS:000290377600005
ER
PT J
AU Reese, MO
Gevorgyan, SA
Jorgensen, M
Bundgaard, E
Kurtz, SR
Ginley, DS
Olson, DC
Lloyd, MT
Moryillo, P
Katz, EA
Elschner, A
Haillant, O
Currier, TR
Shrotriya, V
Hermenau, M
Riede, M
Kirov, KR
Trimmel, G
Rath, T
Inganas, O
Zhang, FL
Andersson, M
Tvingstedt, K
Lira-Cantu, M
Laird, D
McGuiness, C
Gowrisanker, S
Pannone, M
Xiao, M
Hauch, J
Steim, R
DeLongchamp, DM
Rosch, R
Hoppe, H
Espinosa, N
Urbina, A
Yaman-Uzunoglu, G
Bonekamp, JB
van Breemen, AJJM
Girotto, C
Voroshazi, E
Krebs, FC
AF Reese, Matthew O.
Gevorgyan, Suren A.
Jorgensen, Mikkel
Bundgaard, Eva
Kurtz, Sarah R.
Ginley, David S.
Olson, Dana C.
Lloyd, Matthew T.
Moryillo, Pasquale
Katz, Eugene A.
Elschner, Andreas
Haillant, Olivier
Currier, Travis R.
Shrotriya, Vishal
Hermenau, Martin
Riede, Moritz
Kirov, Kiril R.
Trimmel, Gregor
Rath, Thomas
Inganas, Olle
Zhang, Fengling
Andersson, Mattias
Tvingstedt, Kristofer
Lira-Cantu, Monica
Laird, Darin
McGuiness, Christine
Gowrisanker, Srinivas (Jimmy)
Pannone, Michael
Xiao, Min
Hauch, Jens
Steim, Roland
DeLongchamp, Dean M.
Roesch, Roland
Hoppe, Harald
Espinosa, Nieves
Urbina, Antonio
Yaman-Uzunoglu, Gulsah
Bonekamp, Joerg-Bernd
van Breemen, Albert J. J. M.
Girotto, Claudio
Voroshazi, Eszter
Krebs, Frederik C.
TI Consensus stability testing protocols for organic photovoltaic materials
and devices
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stability; Lifetime; Testing; Protocol; Reporting
ID ACCELERATED LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS; POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; AUTOMOTIVE
COATINGS; MODULES; DEGRADATION
AB Procedures for testing organic solar cell devices and modules with respect to stability and operational lifetime are described. The descriptions represent a consensus of the discussion and conclusions reached during the first 3 years of the international summit on OPV stability (ISOS). The procedures include directions for shelf life testing, outdoor testing, laboratory weathering testing and thermal cycling testing, as well as guidelines for reporting data. These procedures are not meant to be qualification tests, but rather generally agreed test conditions and practices to allow ready comparison between laboratories and to help improving the reliability of reported values. Failure mechanisms and detailed degradation mechanisms are not covered in this report. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gevorgyan, Suren A.; Jorgensen, Mikkel; Bundgaard, Eva; Krebs, Frederik C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Reese, Matthew O.; Kurtz, Sarah R.; Ginley, David S.; Olson, Dana C.; Lloyd, Matthew T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Moryillo, Pasquale] CR Portici, ENEA, I-80055 Portici, Italy.
[Katz, Eugene A.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Solar Energy & Environm Phys, J Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
[Elschner, Andreas] Heraeus Clevios GmbH, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany.
[Haillant, Olivier] Atlas Mat Testing Technol GmbH, D-63589 Linsengericht Altenhassl, Germany.
[Currier, Travis R.; Shrotriya, Vishal] Solarmer Energy Inc, El Monte, CA 90660 USA.
[Hermenau, Martin; Riede, Moritz] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Angew Photophys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Kirov, Kiril R.] Eight 19 Ltd, Unit 9A, Cambridge CB4 0FE, England.
[Trimmel, Gregor; Rath, Thomas] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Chem & Technol Mat, Christian Doppler Lab Nanocomposite Solar Cells, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Inganas, Olle; Zhang, Fengling; Andersson, Mattias; Tvingstedt, Kristofer] Linkoping Univ, IFM, Linkoping, Sweden.
[Lira-Cantu, Monica] Ctr Invest Nanociencia & Nanotecnol, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
[Laird, Darin; McGuiness, Christine; Gowrisanker, Srinivas (Jimmy); Pannone, Michael; Xiao, Min] Plextronics, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA.
[Hauch, Jens; Steim, Roland] Konarka Technol GmbH, D-90443 Nurnberg, Germany.
[DeLongchamp, Dean M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Roesch, Roland; Hoppe, Harald] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Phys, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany.
[Espinosa, Nieves; Urbina, Antonio] Univ Politecn Cartagena, Dept Elect, Cartagena 30202, Spain.
[Yaman-Uzunoglu, Gulsah] Natl Metrol Inst, Sci & Technol Res Council Turkey, TR-41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
[Bonekamp, Joerg-Bernd] Soluxx GmbH, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
[van Breemen, Albert J. J. M.] Holst Ctr TNO, NL-5656 AE Eindhoven, Netherlands.
[Girotto, Claudio; Voroshazi, Eszter] IMEC Vzw Organ Photovolta, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
[Girotto, Claudio; Voroshazi, Eszter] Katholieke Univ Leuven, ESAT, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
RP Krebs, FC (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
EM frkr@risoe.dtu.dk
RI Sanders, Susan/G-1957-2011; Girotto, Claudio/A-2097-2009; Hoppe,
Harald/P-5293-2014; Andersson, Lars Mattias/N-9474-2015; Rath,
Thomas/J-1885-2015; Urbina, Antonio/G-1690-2016; Zhang,
Fengling/H-3900-2014;
OI Lira-Cantu, Monica/0000-0002-3393-7436; Andersson, Lars
Mattias/0000-0003-4322-7881; Rath, Thomas/0000-0002-4837-7726; Urbina,
Antonio/0000-0002-3961-1007; Zhang, Fengling/0000-0002-1717-6307;
Gevorgyan, Suren/0000-0001-9906-5485; Inganas, Olle/0000-0002-6243-1450;
Trimmel, Gregor/0000-0001-8922-4163; Tvingstedt,
Kristofer/0000-0003-0516-9326; Jorgensen, Mikkel/0000-0002-7729-1497;
Krebs, Frederik C/0000-0003-1148-4314; Bundgaard,
Eva/0000-0003-3244-5779
FU Danish Strategic Research Council [DSF 2104-07-0022]; EUDP [64009-0050];
European Community [FP7/2007-2013, 215150]; German Federal Ministry of
Education and Research [BMBF 13N9872]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC366-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Hoist
Centre; Konarka Technologies, Inc.; Plextronics; Riso DTU; Solarmer
Energy, Inc.; ESF (European Science Foundation); NREL (National
Renewable Energy Laboratory)
FX This work was supported by the Danish Strategic Research Council (DSF
2104-07-0022), EUDP (j. nr. 64009-0050), European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 215150 of
the OPERA project partially supported by the German Federal Ministry of
Education and Research (BMBF 13N9872) and the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC366-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy
Laboratory. The following sponsors are acknowledged: Hoist Centre;
Konarka Technologies, Inc.; Plextronics; Riso DTU; Solarmer Energy,
Inc.; ESF (European Science Foundation); NREL (National Renewable Energy
Laboratory).
NR 29
TC 347
Z9 347
U1 18
U2 167
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 95
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1253
EP 1267
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.036
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 760XY
UT WOS:000290359200003
ER
PT J
AU Lloyd, MT
Peters, CH
Garcia, A
Kauvar, IV
Berry, JJ
Reese, MO
McGehee, MD
Ginley, DS
Olson, DC
AF Lloyd, Matthew T.
Peters, Craig H.
Garcia, Andres
Kauvar, Isaac V.
Berry, Joseph J.
Reese, Matthew O.
McGehee, Michael D.
Ginley, David S.
Olson, Dana C.
TI Influence of the hole-transport layer on the initial behavior and
lifetime of inverted organic photovoltaics
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Organic photovoltaics; Inverted devices; Degradation; PEDOT:PSS;
Hole-transport layer
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; DEGRADATION; OXIDE;
SPECTROSCOPY; PATTERNS; KINETICS; SILVER; OXYGEN
AB The inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) device architecture represents an important advancement due to the relative environmental stability of the electron transport layer (ETL) and hole-collecting contact. We investigated the initial and long-term behavior of inverted devices to identify changes taking place at the Ag hole-collecting contact. We show that efficient hole collection can be obtained after modifying the Ag contact by thermal annealing, long-term exposure to ambient atmosphere, or employing a high work function organic hole-transport layer (HTL). We find that whether or not the device employs an organic HTL, degradation of the photocurrent initially follows a simple exponential decay. After prolonged illumination (> 500 h), devices with an organic HTL fail catastrophically due to a precipitous drop in photocurrent. Based on evidence for pinhole-induced degradation observed in photocurrent maps, we propose a nucleation and island growth mechanism and a model for the photocurrent behavior employing a modified Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) equation. Devices that do not contain an HTL appear to degrade by a mechanism other than pinhole ingress resulting in a more uniform degradation of the photocurrent across the active area. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lloyd, Matthew T.; Garcia, Andres; Kauvar, Isaac V.; Berry, Joseph J.; Reese, Matthew O.; Ginley, David S.; Olson, Dana C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Peters, Craig H.; Kauvar, Isaac V.; McGehee, Michael D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Lloyd, MT (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM matthew.lloyd@nrel.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DOE-AC36-08G028308]; National Renewable Energy
Laboratory DOE through the National Center for Photovoltaics
FX This work was funded through the US Department of Energy under Contract
no. DOE-AC36-08G028308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory DOE
SETP program through the National Center for Photovoltaics. The authors
would like to thank Nikos Kopidakis, Andrew Ferguson, and Sean Shaheen
for fruitful discussion and Arrelaine Dameron for suggesting the JMAK
equation.
NR 25
TC 75
Z9 75
U1 2
U2 80
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 95
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1382
EP 1388
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.12.036
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 760XY
UT WOS:000290359200019
ER
PT J
AU Gevorgyan, SA
Medford, AJ
Bundgaard, E
Sapkota, SB
Schleiermacher, HF
Zimmermann, B
Wurfel, U
Chafiq, A
Lira-Cantu, M
Swonke, T
Wagner, M
Brabec, CJ
Haillant, OO
Voroshazi, E
Aernouts, T
Steim, R
Hauch, JA
Elschner, A
Pannone, M
Xiao, M
Langzettel, A
Laird, D
Lloyd, MT
Rath, T
Maier, E
Trimmel, G
Hermenau, M
Menke, T
Leo, K
Rosch, R
Seeland, M
Hoppe, H
Nagle, TJ
Burke, KB
Fell, CJ
Vak, D
Singh, TB
Watkins, SE
Galagan, Y
Manor, A
Katz, EA
Kim, T
Kim, K
Sommeling, PM
Verhees, WJH
Veenstra, SC
Riede, M
Christoforo, MG
Currier, T
Shrotriya, V
Schwartz, G
Krebs, FC
AF Gevorgyan, Suren A.
Medford, Andrew J.
Bundgaard, Eva
Sapkota, Subarna B.
Schleiermacher, Hans-Frieder
Zimmermann, Birger
Wuerfel, Uli
Chafiq, Amine
Lira-Cantu, Monica
Swonke, Thomas
Wagner, Michael
Brabec, Christoph J.
Haillant, Olivier O.
Voroshazi, Eszter
Aernouts, Tom
Steim, Roland
Hauch, Jens A.
Elschner, Andreas
Pannone, Michael
Xiao, Min
Langzettel, Anthony
Laird, Darin
Lloyd, Matthew T.
Rath, Thomas
Maier, Eugen
Trimmel, Gregor
Hermenau, Martin
Menke, Torben
Leo, Karl
Roesch, Roland
Seeland, Marco
Hoppe, Harald
Nagle, Timothy J.
Burke, Kerry B.
Fell, Christopher J.
Vak, Doojin
Singh, Th. Birendra
Watkins, Scott E.
Galagan, Yulia
Manor, Assaf
Katz, Eugene A.
Kim, Taehee
Kim, Kyungkon
Sommeling, Paul M.
Verhees, Wiljan J. H.
Veenstra, Sjoerd C.
Riede, Moritz
Christoforo, M. Greyson
Currier, Travis
Shrotriya, Vishal
Schwartz, Gregor
Krebs, Frederik C.
TI An inter-laboratory stability study of roll-to-roll coated flexible
polymer solar modules
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Round robin; Inter-laboratory study; Polymer solar cells; Flexible
modules; Outdoor testing; R2R manufactured OPV
ID DEGRADATION; CELLS; WATER
AB A large number of flexible polymer solar modules comprising 16 serially connected individual cells was prepared at the experimental workshop at Riso DTU. The photoactive layer was prepared from several varieties of P3HT (Merck, Plextronics, BASF and Riso DTU) and two varieties of ZnO (nanoparticulate, thin film) were employed as electron transport layers. The devices were all tested at Riso DTU and the functional devices were subjected to an inter-laboratory study involving the performance and the stability of modules over time in the dark, under light soaking and outdoor conditions. 24 laboratories from 10 countries and across four different continents were involved in the studies. The reported results allowed for analysis of the variability between different groups in performing lifetime studies as well as performing a comparison of different testing procedures. These studies constitute the first steps toward establishing standard procedures for an OPV lifetime characterization. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gevorgyan, Suren A.; Medford, Andrew J.; Bundgaard, Eva; Krebs, Frederik C.] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Sapkota, Subarna B.; Schleiermacher, Hans-Frieder; Zimmermann, Birger; Wuerfel, Uli] Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst ISE, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.
[Chafiq, Amine; Lira-Cantu, Monica] CSIC, Ctr Invest Nanociencia & Nanotecnol CIN2, Lab Nanostructured Mat Photovolta Energy, ETSE, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
[Swonke, Thomas; Wagner, Michael; Brabec, Christoph J.] Bavarian Ctr Appl Energy Res, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Haillant, Olivier O.] Atlas Mat Testing Technol GmbH, D-63859 Linsengericht Altenhassl, Germany.
[Voroshazi, Eszter] IMEC VZW, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
[Voroshazi, Eszter; Aernouts, Tom] Katholieke Univ Leuven, ESAT, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
[Steim, Roland; Hauch, Jens A.] Konarka Technol GmbH, D-90443 Nurnberg, Germany.
[Elschner, Andreas] HC Starck Clevios GmbH, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany.
[Pannone, Michael; Xiao, Min; Langzettel, Anthony; Laird, Darin] Plextron Inc, Pittsburgh, PA 15238 USA.
[Lloyd, Matthew T.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Rath, Thomas; Trimmel, Gregor] Graz Univ Technol, Christian Doppler Lab Nanocomposite Solar Cells, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Rath, Thomas; Maier, Eugen; Trimmel, Gregor] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Chem & Technol Mat, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Maier, Eugen] Polymer Competence Ctr Leoben GmbH, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
[Hermenau, Martin; Menke, Torben; Leo, Karl; Riede, Moritz] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Angew Photophys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Roesch, Roland; Seeland, Marco; Hoppe, Harald] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Phys, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany.
[Nagle, Timothy J.; Burke, Kerry B.; Fell, Christopher J.] CSIRO Future Mfg Flagship, Mayfield W, NSW 2304, Australia.
[Nagle, Timothy J.; Burke, Kerry B.; Fell, Christopher J.] CSIRO Energy Technol, Mayfield W, NSW 2304, Australia.
[Vak, Doojin; Singh, Th. Birendra; Watkins, Scott E.] CSIRO Future Mfg Flagship, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Vak, Doojin; Singh, Th. Birendra; Watkins, Scott E.] CSIRO Mat Sci & Engn, Ian Work Lab, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Galagan, Yulia] Holst Ctr, NL-5605 KN Eindhoven, Netherlands.
[Manor, Assaf; Katz, Eugene A.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Solar Energy & Environm Phys, J Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel.
[Katz, Eugene A.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Ilse Katz Inst Nanoscale Sci & Technol, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
[Kim, Taehee; Kim, Kyungkon] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Solar Cell Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Sommeling, Paul M.; Verhees, Wiljan J. H.; Veenstra, Sjoerd C.] Energy Res Ctr Netherlands ECN, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands.
[Riede, Moritz; Christoforo, M. Greyson] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Currier, Travis; Shrotriya, Vishal] Solarmer Energy Inc, El Monte, CA 91731 USA.
[Schwartz, Gregor] Heliatek GmbH, D-01139 Dresden, Germany.
RP Krebs, FC (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
EM frkr@risoe.dtu.dk
RI Manor, Assaf/L-4058-2016; Fell, Christopher/B-3003-2011; Burke,
Kerry/C-9627-2011; Seeland, Marco/H-1028-2011; Watkins,
Scott/C-7463-2009; Schwartz, Gregor/I-7531-2012; Vak,
Doojin/B-3894-2008; CSIRO, OPV/F-2904-2013; Singh, Birendra/H-1595-2011;
Leo, Karl/L-1125-2013; Brabec, Christoph/N-1897-2013; Hoppe,
Harald/P-5293-2014; Rath, Thomas/J-1885-2015
OI Gevorgyan, Suren/0000-0001-9906-5485; Wurfel, Uli/0000-0003-4151-8538;
Lira-Cantu, Monica/0000-0002-3393-7436; Trimmel,
Gregor/0000-0001-8922-4163; Brabec, Christoph J./0000-0002-9440-0253;
Krebs, Frederik C/0000-0003-1148-4314; Bundgaard,
Eva/0000-0003-3244-5779; Manor, Assaf/0000-0002-9502-2442; Fell,
Christopher/0000-0003-2517-3445; Burke, Kerry/0000-0002-4977-1426;
Watkins, Scott/0000-0002-6058-9895; Schwartz,
Gregor/0000-0003-0061-6959; Vak, Doojin/0000-0001-7704-5563; Rath,
Thomas/0000-0002-4837-7726
FU Danish Strategic Research Council [DSF 2104-07-0022]; EUDP [64009-0050];
PV-ERA-NET; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, MICINN
[ENE2008-04373]; CSIC [PIE-200860I134]; Federal Ministry of Education
and Research Germany [03 x 3518C]; Austrian Research Promotion Agency
(FFG); Christian Doppler Research Association (CDG); Austrian Federal
Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth (BMWFJ); ISOVOLTAIC GmbH; PCCL
[IV-1.02]; BMBF; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology;
Department of Energy; KIST [2E21831]; European Commission [7 ICT 2009,
248678]; Dutch ministry of economic affairs of the Netherlands; German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [13N9843]; Victorian
Organic Solar Cell Consortium
FX This work was supported by: the Danish Strategic Research Council (DSF
2104-07-0022), EUDP (j. nr. 64009-0050), PV-ERA-NET (project acronym
POLYSTAR), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, MICINN for
the project ENE2008-04373 and CSIC for the PIE-200860I134. To the Xarxa
de Referencia en Materials Avancats per a l'Energia, XaRMAE (Reference
Center for Advanced Materials for Energy) of the Catalonia Government.
Amanda Florendo, Jaynae Brust, Peter Williamson, John Wonders and David
Webb, DSET Laboratories, 45601 N. 47th Avenue, Phoenix, AZ
85087-7042, USA. Tony Hall and Jorge Rivera, South Florida Test Service,
16100 SW 216th Street, Miami, FL 33170, USA. E.V. and T.A.
would like to acknowledge Polystar for partial funding. An AE would like
to thank Detlef Riesebeck and Kerstin Pollok for technical assistance
and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research Germany (Grant no.:
03 x 3518C) for funding. Financial support by the Austrian Research
Promotion Agency (FFG), the Christian Doppler Research Association
(CDG), the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth
(BMWFJ) and the ISOVOLTAIC GmbH is gratefully acknowledged. Part of this
work was supported by the PCCL (Project IV-1.02) within the framework of
the COMET-program of the Austrian Government. MH, TM, KL and MR would
like to thank the Bundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung in the
frameworks of the Inn Profile project (03IP602), the OPEG project
(13N9720) and the OPA project (13N 9872). HH gratefully acknowledges
funding within the frame of BMBF OPV program. This work was partially
supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and
the Department of Energy, by KIST internal research fund under the
Contract no. of 2E21831; by the European Commission as part of the
Framework 7 ICT 2009 collaborative project HIFLEX (Grant Agreement no.
248678) and by the Dutch ministry of economic affairs of the
Netherlands. MR and MGC thank Craig Barney and David Chaskelmann from
Stanford University Environmental Health & Safety for their support and
providing the Stanford weather data. RR, MS & HH acknowledge financial
support from German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
within "Polymer Photovoltaics Processing" (PPP) project (support code
13N9843). Part of this work was supported by the Victorian Organic Solar
Cell Consortium. We would like to thank Annette Einsbor Raebild for
technical support.
NR 21
TC 92
Z9 93
U1 3
U2 73
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 95
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1398
EP 1416
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2011.01.010
PG 19
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 760XY
UT WOS:000290359200021
ER
PT J
AU Wu, Y
Wang, H
Wu, HH
Zhang, ZY
Hui, XD
Chen, GL
Ma, D
Wang, XL
Lu, ZP
AF Wu, Y.
Wang, H.
Wu, H. H.
Zhang, Z. Y.
Hui, X. D.
Chen, G. L.
Ma, D.
Wang, X. L.
Lu, Z. P.
TI Formation of Cu-Zr-Al bulk metallic glass composites with improved
tensile properties
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Bulk amorphous materials; Composites; Metastable phase; Mechanical
properties; Martensitic phase transformation
ID INDUCED MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; MATRIX COMPOSITES; COMPRESSIVE
DEFORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; HIGH-STRENGTH;
SHEAR-BAND; DUCTILITY; PLASTICITY; BEHAVIOR
AB The dependence of microstructure on the alloy composition and cooling rate of a series of (Zr0.5Cu0.5)(100-x)Al-x (x = 1, 2, 3, ..., 10 at.%) alloys was investigated in detail and explained in the framework of time temperature transformation diagrams. The relationship between the microstructures of bulk metallic glass (BMG) composites and their mechanical properties was characterized systematically. It was found that the addition of aluminum can promote the formation of the metastable austenitic CuZr phase, and composite structures with B2-CuZr particles can be formed in alloys containing 3-8% Al. Both the volume fraction and distribution of the reinforced B2 phase could greatly affect the deformation behavior, and the BMG composites with homogeneously distributed single B2-CuZr phase exhibited stable tensile ductility. Analysis indicates that the B2-CuZr austenite transformed into the B19' martensite during deformation (i.e., stress-induced martensitic transformation), which accounts for the observed superior mechanical properties of the current BMG composites. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, Y.; Wang, H.; Wu, H. H.; Zhang, Z. Y.; Hui, X. D.; Chen, G. L.; Lu, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met & Mat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Ma, D.; Wang, X. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Lu, ZP (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met & Mat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM luzp@ustb.edu.cn
RI Ma, Dong/G-5198-2011; Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Hui, Xidong/A-1741-2010;
Lu, Zhao-Ping/A-2718-2009; Wu, Hong-Hui/M-2215-2013; Wu,
Yuan/C-4025-2015
OI Ma, Dong/0000-0003-3154-2454; Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Wu,
Hong-Hui/0000-0002-1381-2281; Wu, Yuan/0000-0001-7857-0247
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50725104, 51010001]; 973
program [2007CB613903]; NSFC [51001009]; China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation [20100470208]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities
FX This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Nos. 50725104 and 51010001) and the 973 program (No.
2007CB613903). Y.W. acknowledges support from NSFC (Grant No. 51001009),
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 20100470208) and the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
NR 46
TC 116
Z9 121
U1 19
U2 121
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 8
BP 2928
EP 2936
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.01.029
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 756ZK
UT WOS:000290053100003
ER
PT J
AU Liu, S
Lee, JH
Trivedi, R
AF Liu, S.
Lee, J. H.
Trivedi, R.
TI Dynamic effects in the lamellar-rod eutectic transition
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Eutectic solidification; Interface dynamics; Aluminum alloys;
Directional solidification; Lamellar-rod transition
ID STABILITY; DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; GROWTH
AB Critical experiments in the Al-Cu system are carried out to establish the conditions for the stability of rod and lamellar eutectics. It is shown that the instability of a lamella initiates locally through the formation of a sinusoidal perturbation, and the fastest growing wavelength of perturbation, which corresponds to the rod spacing, is related to the local lamella spacing. The instabilities in adjacent lamellae are observed to be out of phase to give rise to a hexagonal arrangement of rods at the transition. The specific relationship found between the unstable lamella spacing and the resulting rod spacing at the transition is then taken into account to develop a general model of the rod lamellar transition which also includes the relative undercooling and the presence of a spacing distribution. A microstructure map is presented which defines the regimes of rod, lamellar and mixed structures, which is shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Trivedi, R.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Trivedi, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Liu, S.] GE Co, Greenville, SC 29615 USA.
[Lee, J. H.] Changwon Natl Univ, Dept Met & Mat Sci, Kyungnam, South Korea.
RP Trivedi, R (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM trivedi@ameslab.gov
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences.
NR 10
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 8
BP 3102
EP 3115
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.01.050
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 756ZK
UT WOS:000290053100020
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Hoagland, RG
Liu, XY
Misra, A
AF Wang, J.
Hoagland, R. G.
Liu, X. Y.
Misra, A.
TI The influence of interface shear strength on the glide
dislocation-interface interactions
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomistic modeling; Dislocation; Interfaces; Multilayers
ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; METALLIC MULTILAYERS;
ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; LAYERED COMPOSITES; WEAK INTERFACES; THIN-FILMS;
NANOSCALE; CU; SURFACES
AB Interfaces with relatively low shear strengths can be strong barriers to glide dislocations due to dislocation core spreading within the interface plane. Using atomistic modeling we have studied the influence of interface shear strength on the interaction of lattice glide dislocations with fcc/bcc interfaces. "Tunable" interatomic potentials are employed to vary the interface shear strength for the same interface crystallography. The results show that: (1) the interface shear strength increases as the dilute heat of mixing decreases; (2) the interface shear mechanism involves the nucleation and glide of interfacial dislocations, which is dominated by the atomic structures of interfaces, regardless of the interface shear strength; (3) weak interfaces entrap lattice glide dislocations due to the interface shear and core spreading of dislocations within interfaces. Reverse shear displacement is needed to enable collapse of the spread core for slip transmission. This study provides an insight into the correlation between interface shear strength and glide dislocation trapping at the interface, which is a crucial unit mechanism in understanding the ultra-high strengths observed in nanoscale fcc/bcc multilayers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Wang, J.; Hoagland, R. G.; Liu, X. Y.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST-8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM wangj6@lanl.gov
RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Hoagland, Richard/G-9821-2012; Wang,
Jian/F-2669-2012
OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Sciences
FX This work was fully supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Sciences. The authors acknowledge discussions
with Prof. J.P. Hirth.
NR 58
TC 63
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U1 4
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 8
BP 3164
EP 3173
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.01.056
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 756ZK
UT WOS:000290053100026
ER
PT J
AU Berkowitz, CM
Berg, LK
Yu, XY
Alexander, ML
Laskin, A
Zaveri, RA
Jobson, BT
Andrews, E
Ogren, JA
AF Berkowitz, Carl M.
Berg, Larry K.
Yu, Xiao-Ying
Alexander, M. Lizabeth
Laskin, Alexander
Zaveri, Rahul A.
Jobson, B. Thomas
Andrews, Elisabeth
Ogren, John A.
TI The influence of fog and airmass history on aerosol optical, physical
and chemical properties at Pt. Reyes National Seashore
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Aerodyne mass spectrometer; Air quality; Atmospheric aerosol; Ammonia;
Ammonium; IMPROVE; Dairy farm; Pt. Reyes National Seashore; Sulfate;
Scavenging; Thermal trough
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; MASS-SPECTROMETER; SIZE DISTRIBUTION;
UNITED-STATES; ATLANTIC; PARTICLES; AMMONIUM; CHLORIDE; CLOUDS; AIR
AB This paper presents an analysis of the aerosol chemical composition, optical properties and size distributions for a range of conditions encountered during a field measurement campaign conducted between July 7-29, 2005 at Point Reyes National Seashore, north of San Francisco, CA. The fractional mass loading derived from hourly measurements of an Aerodyne Mass Spectrometer (AMS) during this period are compared with filter-pack measurements from the Pt. Reyes IMPROVE station with good agreement found between the two if it assumed that chloride is primarily from large sea-salt particles (not measured by the AMS). During the first half of the campaign (July 7-17), conditions at the site were largely maritime while flow during the second half of the campaigns (July 18-29) was influenced by a thermal trough that added a cyclonic twist to the incoming marine air, bringing it from the south with a more extensive over-land trajectory. Neither flow regime was associated with air coming from the San Francisco Bay area to the south. The AMS measurements are partitioned into clear and foggy conditions which are then used to calculate the equivalent molar ratio of ammonium to the sum of sulfate, nitrate and chloride. Ratios calculated from measurements made before the onset of the thermal trough on July 18th were associated with acidic or near-neutral particles. Measurements made after July 18th yield ratios that appear to have excess ammonium. Model calculations of the equilibrium gas-phase mixing ratio of NH3 suggest very high values which we attribute to agricultural practices within the park. Reported as an incidental finding is evidence for the cloud droplet activation of large particles (D-p > 0.2 mu m) with a corresponding reduction in the single scattering albedo of the non-activated particles, followed by a return in the particle size spectrum to the pre-fog conditions immediately afterwards. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Berkowitz, Carl M.; Berg, Larry K.; Yu, Xiao-Ying; Alexander, M. Lizabeth; Laskin, Alexander; Zaveri, Rahul A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Jobson, B. Thomas] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Andrews, Elisabeth] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ogren, John A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Berkowitz, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM carl.berkowitz@pnl.gov
RI Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012; Yu, Xiao-Ying/L-9385-2013; Ogren,
John/M-8255-2015; Berg, Larry/A-7468-2016;
OI Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417; Yu,
Xiao-Ying/0000-0002-9861-3109; Ogren, John/0000-0002-7895-9583; Berg,
Larry/0000-0002-3362-9492; Zaveri, Rahul/0000-0001-9874-8807; Jobson,
Bertram/0000-0003-1812-9745
FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC06-76RL0]
FX Financial support for this study was provided by the Atmospheric
Sciences Program (now the Atmospheric Systems Research Program) of the
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.
The authors also gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources
Laboratory (ARL) for the use of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion
model (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.html) used in this publication, and
to the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurements Program
for use of the observations collected by the ARM Mobile Facility during
the campaign. Acknowledgment is also given to Brannon Ketcham and John
DiGregoria of Pt. Reyes National Seashore who provided many useful
comments on an early version of this manuscript, and to the anonymous
reviewer who provided many constructive suggestions for how to improve
the clarity of the manuscript. A portion of the research was performed
using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. PNNL is operated
by the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under
contract DE-AC06-76RL0.
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 15
BP 2559
EP 2568
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.016
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 757FA
UT WOS:000290069400012
ER
PT J
AU Vasdev, N
Dorff, PN
O'Neil, JP
Chin, FT
Hanrahan, S
VanBrocklin, HF
AF Vasdev, Neil
Dorff, Peter N.
O'Neil, James P.
Chin, Frederick T.
Hanrahan, Stephen
VanBrocklin, Henry F.
TI Metabolic stability of 6,7-dialkoxy-4-(2-, 3-and
4-[F-18]fluoroanilino)quinazolines, potential EGFR imaging probes
SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE PET; Fluorine-18; Fluoroaniline; Metabolism; Quinazoline; EGFR;
Hepatocytes
ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS; FLUORINE
SUBSTITUTION; ARYL FLUORIDES; CANCER; PET; TUMORS; DISPLACEMENT;
BIOMARKERS
AB Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), upregulated in many tumor types, have been a target for therapeutic development and molecular imaging. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution and metabolic characteristics of fluorine-18 labeled anilinoquinazolines as potential imaging agents for EGFR tyrosine kinase expression. Fluorine-18 labeled fluoronitrobenzenes were prepared by reaction of potassium cryptand [F-18] fluoride with 1,2- and 1,4-dinitrobenzenes, and 3-nitro-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium triflate in 5 min. Decay-corrected radiochemical yields of [F-18] fluoride incorporation into the nitro-aromatic compounds were 81 +/- 2%, 44 +/- 4% and 77 +/- 5% (n = 3-5) for the 2-, 3- and 4-fluoro isomers, respectively. Sodium borohydride reduction to the corresponding [F-18]fluoroanilines was achieved with greater than 80% conversion in 5 min. Coupling of [F-18]fluoroaniline-hydrochlorides to 6,7-dimethoxy-4- chloro-quinazoline gave the corresponding 6,7-dimethoxy-4-(2-, 3- and 4-[F-18]fluoroanilino) quinazolines in 31 +/- 5%, 17 +/- 2% and 55 +/- 2% radiochemical yield, respectively, while coupling to the 6,7-diethoxy-4-chloro-quinazoline produced 6,7-diethoxy-4-(2-, 3- and 4-[F-18] fluoroanilino) quinazolines in 19 +/- 6%, 9 +/- 3% and 36 +/- 6% radiochemical yield, respectively, in 90 min to end of synthesis from [F-18] fluoride. Biodistribution of 2- and 4-[F-18]fluoroanilinoquinazolines was conducted in tumor-bearing mice (MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-468 xenografts). Low tumor uptake (< 1% injected dose per gram (ID/g) of tissue up to 3 h postinjection of the radiotracers) was observed. High bone uptake (5-15% ID/g) was noted with the 4-[F-18] fluoroanilinoquinazolines. The metabolic stabilities of radiolabeled quinazolines were further evaluated by incubation with human female cryopreserved isolated hepatocytes. Rapid degeneration of the 4-fluoro-substituted compounds to baseline polar metabolites was observed by radio-TLC, whereas, the 2- and 3-[F-18] fluoroaniline derivatives were significantly more stable, up to 2 h, corroborating the in vivo biodistribution studies. para-Substituted [F-18] fluoroanilines, a common structural motif in radiopharmaceuticals, are highly susceptible to metabolic degradation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [VanBrocklin, Henry F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Mol & Funct Imaging, Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA.
[Vasdev, Neil; Dorff, Peter N.; O'Neil, James P.; Chin, Frederick T.; Hanrahan, Stephen; VanBrocklin, Henry F.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Radiotracer Dev & Imaging Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP VanBrocklin, HF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Mol & Funct Imaging, Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging, 185 Berry St,Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA.
EM henry.vanbrocklin@ucsf.edu
FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
Medical Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC03-76SF00098]; NIH [CA94253, CA79823]; Department of the Army
[DAMD17-98-1-8064]; State of California [UCBCRP 4IB-0059]; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX We thank Dr. Andrew Gibbs and Dr. Erathodiyil Nandanan for their
synthetic expertise and helpful discussions. This work was supported by
the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, Medical Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 and NIH grant #CA94253 (HFV) and
#CA79823 (HFV). This work was also sponsored by the Department of the
Army under Grant No. DAMD17-98-1-8064 (HFV) and the State of California
under Grant No. UCBCRP 4IB-0059 (HFV). We thank the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada for a Postdoctoral Fellowship
(N.V.). We also thank Chris Ramsey for technical expertise and
production of [18F] fluoride.
NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0968-0896
J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM
JI Bioorg. Med. Chem.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 9
BP 2959
EP 2965
DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.032
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry,
Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry
GA 754EC
UT WOS:000289834600019
PM 21478021
ER
PT J
AU Selig, MJ
Tucker, MP
Law, C
Doeppke, C
Himmel, ME
Decker, SR
AF Selig, Michael J.
Tucker, Melvin P.
Law, Cody
Doeppke, Crissa
Himmel, Michael E.
Decker, Stephen R.
TI High throughput determination of glucan and xylan fractions in
lignocelluloses
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass recalcitrance; Compositional analysis; Glucan; High throughput;
Lignocellulose; Xylan
ID COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS; RAPID BIOMASS; TOOLS; WOOD
AB The analysis of structural glucan and xylan in lignocellulose was scaled down from original two-stage sulfuric acid hydrolysis methods (Moore WE and Johnson DB 1967 Procedures for the chemical analysis of wood and wood products. U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture., Madison, WI) and integrated into a recently-developed, high throughput pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification system. Novel 96 x 1.8 ml-well Hastelloy reactor plates (128 x 86 x 51 mm) based on previously described 96-well pretreatment reactor plates were paired with custom aluminum filler plates (128 x 86 x 18 mm) for use in Symyx Powdernium solids dispensing systems. The incorporation of glucose oxidase and xylose dehydrogenase linked assays to speed post-hydrolysis sugar analysis dramatically reduced the time for analysis of large lignocellulosic sample sets. The current system permits the determination of the glucan and xylan content of 96 replicates (per reactor plate) in under 6 h and parallel plate processing increases the analysis throughput substantially.
C1 [Selig, Michael J.; Law, Cody; Himmel, Michael E.; Decker, Stephen R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Tucker, Melvin P.; Doeppke, Crissa] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Selig, MJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Michael.Selig@nrel.gov
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of
Science
FX The BioEnergy Science Center is a U. S. Department of Energy Bioenergy
Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research in the DOE Office of Science. The National Renewable Energy
Laboratory is a national laboratory of the U. S. Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Operated by the
Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0141-5492
J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT
JI Biotechnol. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 33
IS 5
BP 961
EP 967
DI 10.1007/s10529-011-0526-7
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 754ZT
UT WOS:000289897100014
PM 21287235
ER
PT J
AU Tavagnacco, L
Mason, PE
Schnupf, U
Pitici, F
Zhong, LH
Himmel, ME
Crowley, M
Cesaro, A
Brady, JW
AF Tavagnacco, Letizia
Mason, Philip E.
Schnupf, Udo
Pitici, Felicia
Zhong, Linghao
Himmel, Michael E.
Crowley, Michael
Cesaro, Attilio
Brady, John W.
TI Sugar-binding sites on the surface of the carbohydrate-binding module of
CBH I from Trichoderma reesei
SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbohydrate-binding module; CBM; CBH I; Trichoderma reesei
ID CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; CELLULOSE SURFACE; DYNAMICS; DOMAINS; SIMULATIONS;
PROGRAM; SYSTEM; CHARMM; ENERGY; BETA
AB Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for a system consisting of the carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) of the cellulase CBH I from Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) in a concentrated solution of beta-D-glucopyranose, to determine whether there is any tendency for the sugar molecules to bind to the CBM. In spite of the general tendency of glucose to behave as an osmolyte, a marked tendency for the sugar molecules to bind to the protein was observed. However, the glucose molecules tended to bind only to specific sites on the protein. As expected, the hydrophobic face of the sugar molecules, comprising the axial H1, H3, and H5 aliphatic protons, tended to adhere to the flat faces of the three tyrosine side chains on the planar binding surface of the CBM. However, a significant tendency to bind to a groove-like feature on the upper surface of the CBM was also observed. These results would not be inconsistent with a model of the mechanism for this globular domain in which the cellodextrin chain being removed from the surface of crystalline cellulose passes over the upper surface of the CBM, presumably then available for hydrolysis in the active site tunnel of this processive cellulase. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mason, Philip E.; Schnupf, Udo; Pitici, Felicia; Brady, John W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Tavagnacco, Letizia; Cesaro, Attilio] Univ Trieste, Dept Life Sci, Trieste, Italy.
[Himmel, Michael E.; Crowley, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Zhong, Linghao] Penn State Univ, Mt Alto, PA 17237 USA.
RP Brady, JW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM jwb7@cornell.edu
RI crowley, michael/A-4852-2013; Schnupf, Udo/H-4703-2016;
OI crowley, michael/0000-0001-5163-9398; Schnupf, Udo/0000-0002-1457-1985;
Tavagnacco, Letizia/0000-0002-3492-7766
FU U.S. DOE EERE Office of the Biomass Program
FX The authors thank D.B. Wilson for helpful discussions. This work was
supported by the U.S. DOE EERE Office of the Biomass Program.
NR 30
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6215
J9 CARBOHYD RES
JI Carbohydr. Res.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 346
IS 6
BP 839
EP 846
DI 10.1016/j.carres.2011.01.019
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 754AB
UT WOS:000289821900020
PM 21377658
ER
PT J
AU Schaff, UY
Sommer, GJ
AF Schaff, Ulrich Y.
Sommer, Greg J.
TI Whole Blood Immunoassay Based on Centrifugal Bead Sedimentation
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE; PLATFORMS; SYSTEM; CARE; LAB
AB BACKGROUND: Centrifugal "labon a disk" microfluidics is a promising avenue for developing portable, low-cost, automated immunoassays. However, the necessity of incorporating multiple wash steps results in complicated designs that increase the time and sample/reagent volumes needed to run assays and raises the probability of errors. We present proof of principle for a disk-based microfluidic immunoassay technique that processes blood samples without conventional wash steps.
METHODS: Microfluidic disks were fabricated from layers of patterned, double-sided tape and polymer sheets. Sample was mixed on-disk with assay capture beads and labeling antibodies. Following incubation, the assay beads were physically separated from the blood cells, plasma, and unbound label by centrifugation through a density medium. A signal-laden pellet formed at the periphery of the disk was analyzed to quantify concentration of the target analyte.
RESULTS: To demonstrate this technique, the inflammation biomarkers C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were measured from spiked mouse plasma and human whole blood samples. On-disk processing (mixing, labeling, and separation) facilitated direct assays on 1-mu L samples with a 15-min sample-to-answer time, < 100 pmol/L limit of detection, and 10% CV. We also used a unique single-channel multiplexing technique based on the sedimentation rate of different size or density bead populations.
CONCLUSIONS: This portable microfluidic system is a promising method for rapid, inexpensive, and automated detection of multiple analytes directly from a drop of blood in a point-of-care setting. (C) 2011 American Association for Clinical Chemistry
C1 [Schaff, Ulrich Y.; Sommer, Greg J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Sommer, GJ (reprint author), POB 969,MS 9291, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM gsommer@sandia.gov
FU Sandia Laboratory [10-0104]; United States Department of Energy
[DE-AC049AL85000]
FX Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development Award 10-0104.
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC049AL85000.
NR 27
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 5
U2 43
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 57
IS 5
BP 753
EP 761
DI 10.1373/clinchem.2011.162206
PG 9
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 756AY
UT WOS:000289985100016
PM 21415382
ER
PT J
AU Brady, MP
Fayek, M
Keiser, JR
Meyer, HM
More, KL
Anovitz, LM
Wesolowski, DJ
Cole, DR
AF Brady, M. P.
Fayek, M.
Keiser, J. R.
Meyer, H. M., III
More, K. L.
Anovitz, L. M.
Wesolowski, D. J.
Cole, D. R.
TI Wet oxidation of stainless steels: New insights into hydrogen ingress
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Stainless steel; SIMS; STEM; XPS; Oxidation; Hydrogen permeation
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; FE-CR ALLOYS; WATER-VAPOR; FERRITIC STEELS;
INTERNAL OXIDATION; STEAM OXIDATION; CHROMIUM; TRANSPORT; BEHAVIOR;
MECHANISM
AB It is well established that hydrogen derived from water vapor can penetrate oxidizing alloys with detrimental effect. However, the complexities of tracking hydrogen in these materials have prevented the direct profiling of hydrogen ingress needed to understand these phenomena. Here we report hydrogen profiles in industrially-relevant alumina-and chromia-forming steels correlated with the local oxide-metal nano/microstructure by use of SIMS D(2)O tracer studies and experimental protocols to optimize D retention. The D profiles unexpectedly varied markedly among the alloys examined, which indicates mechanistic complexity but also the potential to mitigate detrimental water vapor effects by manipulation of alloy chemistry. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brady, M. P.; Keiser, J. R.; Meyer, H. M., III; More, K. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Fayek, M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Anovitz, L. M.; Wesolowski, D. J.; Cole, D. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Anovitz, L. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Brady, MP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM bradymp@ornl.gov
RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008; More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Anovitz,
Lawrence/P-3144-2016
OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097;
Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750
FU United States Department of Energy (USDOE); Laboratory Directed Research
and Development Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Counsel (NSERC); Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Canada
Research Chair (CRC); ORNL
FX The authors thank P.F. Tortorelli, B.A. Pint, K. Unocic, and A. Vande
Put for extensive discussions and helpful comments on this manuscript.
This work was funded by the United States Department of Energy (USDOE),
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program, and a Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Counsel (NSERC) discovery grant,
Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and the Canada Research Chair
(CRC) programs. Additional funding and collaboration with the SHaRE User
Facility at ORNL is also acknowledged.
NR 40
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0010-938X
J9 CORROS SCI
JI Corrosion Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 5
BP 1633
EP 1638
DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2011.02.011
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 754OY
UT WOS:000289866400002
ER
PT J
AU Zavras, A
Fry, JA
Beavers, CM
Talbo, GH
Richards, AF
AF Zavras, Athanasios
Fry, Julie A.
Beavers, Christine M.
Talbo, Gert H.
Richards, Anne F.
TI 2-Pyridylmethylphosphonic acid: a flexible, multi-dentate ligand for
metal phosphonates
SO CRYSTENGCOMM
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COORDINATION POLYMERS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES;
SILVER(I) COMPLEXES; LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES; SUPRAMOLECULAR DESIGN;
MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; HYBRID MATERIALS; MODEL COMPOUNDS; IRON(III)
AB In a systematic investigation, 2-pyridylmethylphosphonic acid, 2PyCH(2)PO(3)H(2) (Py = pyridine), was reacted with specifically selected metal salts to examine the influence of the preferred metal geometry, role of the anion and coordination preferences of the ligand. From this study a series of metal phosphonates were isolated: [{M(2PyHCH(2)PO(3)H)(H2O)}ClO4](n), M = Mn, 1 and Co, 2; a tetranuclear iron phosphonate cage, [Fe-4(2PyHCH(2)PO(3))(4)(H2O)(12)(Cl)(ClO4)(7)center dot xH(2)O], 3, and two polymeric iron phosphonate chains: 4, [Fe-2(2PyHCH(2)PO(3)H)(2)(ClO4)](n), and 5, [Fe(2PyHCH(2)PO(3)H)(H2O)(ClO4)](n). Meanwhile, the stoichiometric reaction of Pb(NO3)(2) and Ag(SO3CF3) with 2PyCH(2)PO(3)H(2) afforded a bimetallic Ag/Pb network, 6, [AgPb(2PyCH(2)PO(3))(NO3)](n). The individual components of this reaction, Pb(NO3)(2) and Ag(SO3CF3), when reacted with 2PyCH(2)PO(3)H(2) yielded [Pb(2PyHCH(2)PO(3)H)(NO3)(2)](n), 7, and a luminescent silver polymer 8, [Ag-3(2PyHCH(2)PO(3))(SO3CF3)(2)](n), that are used for structural comparison to 6. All products were characterized in the single crystal and bulk form. The electrochemical properties of 1, 2 and 3 were studied, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) employed to investigate the bimetallic polymer, 6, and the tetrameric iron phosphonate, 3.
C1 [Zavras, Athanasios; Talbo, Gert H.; Richards, Anne F.] La Trobe Univ, Dept Chem, La Trobe Inst Mol Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia.
[Fry, Julie A.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA.
[Beavers, Christine M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Richards, AF (reprint author), La Trobe Univ, Dept Chem, La Trobe Inst Mol Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia.
RI Zavras, Athanasios/G-6596-2015; Administrator, CMSS/E-3491-2015
OI Zavras, Athanasios/0000-0003-2797-9303;
FU Australian Research Council [FT100100003]
FX The Australian Research Council is acknowledged for the award of a
Future Fellowship, FT100100003 to AFR. Professor Jean-Luc Montchamp
(Texas Christian University) is thanked for his input in the ligand
synthesis.
NR 83
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 21
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1466-8033
J9 CRYSTENGCOMM
JI Crystengcomm
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 13
IS 10
BP 3551
EP 3561
DI 10.1039/c0ce00969e
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 755BW
UT WOS:000289902600044
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SQ
Li, NP
Yoshino, H
Guan, J
Levine, MD
AF Chen, Shuqin
Li, Nianping
Yoshino, Hiroshi
Guan, Jun
Levine, Mark D.
TI Statistical analyses on winter energy consumption characteristics of
residential buildings in some cities of China
SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning
CY NOV 06-09, 2009
CL Nanjing, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP SE Univ, Tsinghua Univ, Univ Hong Kong, Jiangsu Assoc Refrigerat
DE Statistical analyses; Energy consumption characteristics in winter;
Residential buildings in China; Influence factors
AB The purposes of this paper are to analyze winter energy use of residential buildings in different cities of China, and to figure out the influence factors of winter residential energy use. The investigated residences were located in seven typical cities of five architectural thermotechnical design zones. Questionnaire surveys revealed building characteristics, household characteristics, the utilization of domestic appliances, and thermal environment in winter. Winter energy consumption in different cities bears obvious regional characteristics. In south China, Hong Kong has the largest mean household energy use amount, and Changsha and Chongqing follow Hong Kong; Kunming in the warm zone has the small energy use. In north cities, if district space heating is excluded from total energy use. Urumqi and Xi'an have the energy use at the smallest level, but space heating use is very huge. The energy use amounts of space heating of Tangshan, Urumqi and Xi'an are several times as large as the amounts of all the end uses in the southern cities. The analysis on influence factors of winter energy use are made for Chongqing and Hong Kong, respectively, by Quantification Theory I, and the results show there exist obvious differences in influence factors between the two cities. Crown Copyright (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Shuqin; Li, Nianping; Guan, Jun] Hunan Univ, Civil Engn Coll, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Shuqin; Levine, Mark D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yoshino, Hiroshi] Tohoku Univ, Dept Architecture & Bldg Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
RP Li, NP (reprint author), Hunan Univ, Civil Engn Coll, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM hn_csq@126.com
NR 20
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0378-7788
J9 ENERG BUILDINGS
JI Energy Build.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1063
EP 1070
DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.09.022
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 756LN
UT WOS:000290012800005
ER
PT J
AU Oh, JH
Deutsch, TG
Yuan, HC
Branz, HM
AF Oh, Jihun
Deutsch, Todd G.
Yuan, Hao-Chih
Branz, Howard M.
TI Nanoporous black silicon photocathode for H-2 production by
photoelectrochemical water splitting
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; SURFACE; CELLS; FILMS
AB Nanostructured Si eliminates several critical problems with Si photocathodes and dramatically improves a photoelectrochemical (PEC) reaction important to water-splitting. Our nanostructured black Si photocathodes improve the H-2 production by providing (1) near-ideal anti-reflection that enables the absorption of most incident light and its conversion to photogenerated electrons and (2) extremely high surface area in direct contact with water that reduces the overpotential needed for the PEC hydrogen half-reaction. Application of these advances would significantly improve the solar H-2 conversion efficiency of an ideal tandem PEC system. Finally, the nanostructured Si surface facilitates bubble evolution and therefore reduces the need for surfactants in the electrolyte.
C1 [Oh, Jihun; Deutsch, Todd G.; Yuan, Hao-Chih; Branz, Howard M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Oh, JH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM jihun.oh@nrel.gov
RI Oh, Jihun/B-7085-2013;
OI Oh, Jihun/0000-0001-6465-6736; Deutsch, Todd/0000-0001-6577-1226
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; DOE, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Biosciences, and
Geosciences; DOE American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)
Photovoltaic Supply Chain and Crosscutting Technologies
FX We are grateful to Bobby To for SEM characterization and Robert Reedy
for secondary ion mass spectrometry profiling of the Au concentrations.
We thank Drs Arthur Nozik, John Turner and Fatima Toor of NREL for
helpful discussions. This work was supported under U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. J. Oh, T. G. Deutsch and
H. M. Branz were supported by the SISGR program of the DOE, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Biosciences, and
Geosciences. H.-C. Yuan was supported by a DOE American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Photovoltaic Supply Chain and Crosscutting
Technologies grant.
NR 31
TC 97
Z9 99
U1 14
U2 164
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 5
BP 1690
EP 1694
DI 10.1039/c1ee01124c
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 756CR
UT WOS:000289989800016
ER
PT J
AU Meduri, P
Clark, E
Dayalan, E
Sumanasekera, GU
Sunkara, MK
AF Meduri, Praveen
Clark, Ezra
Dayalan, Ethirajulu
Sumanasekera, Gamini U.
Sunkara, Mahendra K.
TI Kinetically limited de-lithiation behavior of nanoscale tin-covered tin
oxide nanowires
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; IN-SITU AFM; HIGH-CAPACITY; ANODE; COMPOSITE;
ELECTRODES; LI
AB In this paper, we report that Sn-nanocluster-covered SnO(2) nanowire ("hybrid architectures") electrodes exhibited stage-wise de-lithiation suggesting complete lithium extraction. The lithiation and de-lithiation behavior explains that the high capacity retention of 814 mAh g(-1) and durability over hundred cycles is because of low irreversible capacity loss. Mono-layers of un-agglomerated, sub 60 nm size Sn clusters supported on metallic electrodes also exhibited similar stage-wise de-lithiation while the microscale Sn clusters exhibited single-phase lithium extraction. This can be attributed to shorter lithium ion diffusion lengths and high surface area of the nanomaterials. The cyclic voltammetric studies of Sn nanoclusters (sub 60 nm size) confirm the reaction kinetics limited behavior of lithiation and de-lithiation characteristics. The Sn-nanocluster-covered SnO(2) nanowires showed a capacity retention of 458 mAh g(-1) at 500 mAg(-1) current density indicating an excellent rate capability.
C1 [Meduri, Praveen] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Clark, Ezra; Sunkara, Mahendra K.] Univ Louisville, Dept Chem Engn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
[Dayalan, Ethirajulu] Enser Corp, Pinellas Pk, FL 33781 USA.
[Sumanasekera, Gamini U.] Univ Louisville, Dept Phys, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Meduri, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM mahendra@louisville.edu
RI Meduri, Praveen/B-5915-2012
FU Kentucky Renewable Energy Consortium [DE-FG36-05GO85013]; US Department
of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46375]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Kentucky
Renewable Energy Consortium (DE-FG36-05GO85013) and the US Department of
Energy (DE-FG02-07ER46375).
NR 21
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 37
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 5
BP 1695
EP 1699
DI 10.1039/c1ee01041g
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 756CR
UT WOS:000289989800017
ER
PT J
AU Pol, VG
Thackeray, MM
AF Pol, Vilas G.
Thackeray, Michael M.
TI Spherical carbon particles and carbon nanotubes prepared by autogenic
reactions: Evaluation as anodes in lithium electrochemical cells
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ONE-STEP SYNTHESIS; LI-ION BATTERIES; HARD
CARBON; CATALYTIC DECOMPOSITION; ENERGY-STORAGE; INSERTION;
INTERCALATION; GRAPHITE; SPHERES
AB Autogenic reactions, based on the decomposition of one or more precursors at elevated temperatures with self generated pressures can be used to prepare a wide range of materials with interesting structural, morphological and technological properties. Recent reports that spherical carbon particles and carbon nanotubes can be prepared by this technique from waste products, such as used plastic bags, have highlighted this environmentally-attractive approach to synthesize new or modified carbon-based materials. In this paper, we report the synthesis of spherical carbon particles and carbon nanotubes and their evaluation as negative electrodes (anodes) in lithium electrochemical cells. A steady reversible capacity of approximately 240 mAh/g for hundreds of cycles was achieved from both types of carbon, when cycled at a 1C rate between 1.5 V and 5 mV. A reversible capacity of 372 mAh/g, i.e., the theoretical value for graphite, was obtained from the carbon nanotube electrodes by raising the upper voltage limit to 3 V. To increase the graphitic order in the carbon spheres, the particles were heated to 2400 degrees C in an inert atmosphere. This treatment reduced the first cycle irreversible capacity loss of Li/C half cells from 60 to 20%, the spherical carbon electrodes yielding a stable 252 mAh/g discharge capacity for numerous cycles. Structural and morphological information about the parent and cycled carbon electrodes, obtained by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and electron dispersive analysis of X-rays is provided.
C1 [Pol, Vilas G.; Thackeray, Michael M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Dept, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pol, VG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Electrochem Energy Storage Dept, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM pol@anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; Argonne Postdoctoral Fellowship; U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the Center for Electrical Energy Storage:
Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. VGP was supported by an Argonne Postdoctoral Fellowship. Use
of the FESEM and Raman spectroscopy facilities at Argonne's Center for
Nanoscale Materials (CNM) is also acknowledged. Jorge Ayala and Francois
Henry of Superior Graphite, Chicago, Illinois are thanked for
undertaking the heat-treatment of the carbon spheres. Sun-Ho Kang is
thanked for useful discussions during the preparation of this
manuscript.; The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago
Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne").
Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is
operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U. S. Government
retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up,
nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
Government.
NR 50
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 9
U2 63
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 5
BP 1904
EP 1912
DI 10.1039/c0ee00256a
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 756CR
UT WOS:000289989800044
ER
PT J
AU Gross, F
Cohen, TD
Epelbaum, E
Machleidt, R
AF Gross, Franz
Cohen, Thomas D.
Epelbaum, Evgeny
Machleidt, Ruprecht
TI Conference Discussion of the Nuclear Force
SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 21st European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics
CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010
CL Salamanca, SPAIN
SP Univ Salamanca, Fundamental Phys Dept, Inst Structure Matter Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
ID CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; TO-LEADING ORDER; FEW-BODY PROBLEM;
EQUATIONS; EXPANSION; EXCHANGE; BARYONS; QCD; LAGRANGIANS; SCATTERING
AB Discussion of the nuclear force, lead by a round table consisting of T. Cohen, E. Epelbaum, R. Machleidt, and F. Gross (chair). After an invited talk by Machleidt, published elsewhere in these proceedings, brief remarks are made by Epelbaum, Cohen, and Gross, followed by discussion from the floor moderated by the chair. The chair asked the round table and the participants to focus on the following issues: (1) What does each approach (chiral effective field theory, large N (c) , and relativistic phenomenology) contribute to our knowledge of the nuclear force? Do we need them all? Is any one transcendent? (2) How important for applications (few body, nuclear structure, EMC effect, for example) are precise fits to the NN data below 350 MeV? How precise do these fits have to be? (3) Can we learn anything about nonperturbative QCD from these studies of the nuclear force? The discussion presented here is based on a video recording made at the conference and transcribed afterward.
C1 [Gross, Franz] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Cohen, Thomas D.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Ctr Fundamental Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cohen, Thomas D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Epelbaum, Evgeny] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
[Machleidt, Ruprecht] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Gross, F (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
EM gross@jlab.org; cohen@physics.umd.edu; evgeny.epelbaum@rub.de;
machleid@uidaho.edu
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7963
EI 1432-5411
J9 FEW-BODY SYST
JI Few-Body Syst.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 1-4
BP 31
EP 44
DI 10.1007/s00601-010-0141-5
PG 14
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 753TG
UT WOS:000289802000006
ER
PT J
AU Julia-Diaz, B
Kamano, H
Lee, TSH
Matsuyama, A
Sato, T
Suzuki, N
AF Julia-Diaz, B.
Kamano, H.
Lee, T. -S. H.
Matsuyama, A.
Sato, T.
Suzuki, N.
TI Structure and Dynamical Evolution of Low Lying Nucleon Resonances
SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 21st European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics
CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010
CL Salamanca, SPAIN
SP Univ Salamanca, Fundamental Phys Dept, Inst Structure Matter Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
ID MESON PRODUCTION; AMPLITUDE; REGION; MODEL
AB Within a multi-channels multi-resonances reaction model of pion nucleon reactions, we examine the properties of the nucleon resonances with masses less than 2 GeV. The Roper resonance and the second resonance in P (11) are found to evolve dynamically from the same bare state. With the exception of the P (13) and P (31) resonances, our resonance pole positions agree well with the 3 and 4 star resonances listed by the Particle Data Group.
C1 [Julia-Diaz, B.] U Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, Barcelona, Spain.
[Kamano, H.; Lee, T. -S. H.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Excited Baryon Anal Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Lee, T. -S. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Matsuyama, A.] Shizuoka Univ, Dept Phys, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan.
[Sato, T.; Suzuki, N.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
RP Julia-Diaz, B (reprint author), U Barcelona, Dept Estructura & Constituents Mat, Barcelona, Spain.
EM bruno@ecm.ub.es
RI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/E-5825-2010
OI Julia-Diaz, Bruno/0000-0002-0145-6734
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7963
J9 FEW-BODY SYST
JI Few-Body Syst.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 1-4
BP 187
EP 190
DI 10.1007/s00601-010-0161-1
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 753TG
UT WOS:000289802000025
ER
PT J
AU Ramalho, G
Gross, F
Pena, MT
AF Ramalho, G.
Gross, Franz
Pena, M. T.
TI Spin Structure Functions in a Covariant Spectator Quark Model
SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 21st European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics
CY AUG 30-SEP 03, 2010
CL Salamanca, SPAIN
SP Univ Salamanca, Fundamental Phys Dept, Inst Structure Matter Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
ID PRECISION-MEASUREMENT; ASYMMETRIES; PROTON
AB We apply the covariant spectator quark-diquark model, already probed in the description of the nucleon elastic form factors, to the calculation of the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) spin-independent and spin-dependent structure functions of the nucleon. The nucleon wave function is given by a combination of quark-diquark orbital states, corresponding to S, D and P-waves. A simple form for the quark distribution function associated to the P and D waves is tested.
C1 [Ramalho, G.; Pena, M. T.] Inst Super Tecn, CFTP, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Gross, Franz] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Pena, M. T.] Inst Super Tecn, Dept Phys, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Ramalho, G (reprint author), Inst Super Tecn, CFTP, Av Rovisco Pais 1, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
EM gilberto.ramalho@cftp.ist.utl.pt
RI Pena, Teresa/M-4683-2013
OI Pena, Teresa/0000-0002-3529-2408
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7963
J9 FEW-BODY SYST
JI Few-Body Syst.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 1-4
BP 215
EP 217
DI 10.1007/s00601-010-0177-6
PG 3
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 753TG
UT WOS:000289802000032
ER
PT J
AU Stotler, RL
Frape, SK
Freifeld, BM
Holden, B
Onstott, TC
Ruskeeniemi, T
Chan, E
AF Stotler, Randy L.
Frape, Shaun K.
Freifeld, Barry M.
Holden, Brian
Onstott, Tullis C.
Ruskeeniemi, Timo
Chan, Eric
TI Hydrogeology, Chemical and Microbial Activity Measurement Through Deep
Permafrost
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; BOREHOLE FLUID SAMPLES;
HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTALLINE ROCKS; PORE-WATER; U-TUBE; GAS;
REDUCTION; RUSSIA; CANADA
AB Little is known about hydrogeochemical conditions beneath thick permafrost, particularly in fractured crystalline rock, due to difficulty in accessing this environment. The purpose of this investigation was to develop methods to obtain physical, chemical, and microbial information about the subpermafrost environment from a surface-drilled borehole. Using a U-tube, gas and water samples were collected, along with temperature, pressure, and hydraulic conductivity measurements, 420 m below ground surface, within a 535 m long, angled borehole at High Lake, Nunavut, Canada, in an area with 460-m-thick permafrost. Piezometric head was well above the base of the permafrost, near land surface. Initial water samples were contaminated with drill fluid, with later samples < 40% drill fluid. The salinity of the non-drill fluid component was < 20,000 mg/L, had a Ca/Na ratio above 1, with delta 18O values similar to 5 parts per thousand lower than the local surface water. The fluid isotopic composition was affected by the permafrost-formation process. Nonbacteriogenic CH(4) was present and the sample location was within methane hydrate stability field. Sampling lines froze before uncontaminated samples from the subpermafrost environment could be obtained, yet the available time to obtain water samples was extended compared to previous studies. Temperature measurements collected from a distributed temperature sensor indicated that this issue can be overcome easily in the future. The lack of methanogenic CH(4) is consistent with the high sulfate concentrations observed in cores. The combined surface-drilled borehole/U-tube approach can provide a large amount of physical, chemical, and microbial data from the subpermafrost environment with few, controllable, sources of contamination.
C1 [Stotler, Randy L.; Frape, Shaun K.; Holden, Brian] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Freifeld, Barry M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Onstott, Tullis C.; Chan, Eric] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Ruskeeniemi, Timo] Geol Survey Finland, FI-02151 Espoo, Finland.
RP Stotler, RL (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM stotler@kgs.ku.edu
RI Stotler, Randy/C-9782-2011; Freifeld, Barry/F-3173-2010
OI Stotler, Randy/0000-0001-9893-9259;
FU Geological Survey of Finland, POSIVA Oy, Finland; SKB, Sweden; Nuclear
Waste Management Organization, Ontario, Canada; NASA Astrobiology
Institute [NASA NNA04CC03A]
FX Funding for the project was provided by the Geological Survey of
Finland, POSIVA Oy, Finland, SKB, Sweden, Nuclear Waste Management
Organization, Ontario, Canada, and a grant from the NASA Astrobiology
Institute (NASA NNA04CC03A). Wolfden Resources, Inc. and Zinifex Inc.
provided site access. Norm Case and Discovery Mining provided logistical
support. Ian Neill and Trish Toole provided logistical and managerial
support while at the site. Field support was also provided by Bob
Ingleton, Adam Johnson, Eric Chan, Dan McGown, and Sarah Difurio. John
Tellam and two anonymous reviewers provided constructive and insightful
reviews that improved the manuscript.
NR 67
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 3
BP 348
EP 364
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00724.x
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 755CE
UT WOS:000289903400011
PM 20550588
ER
PT J
AU Harp, DR
Vesselinov, VV
AF Harp, Dylan R.
Vesselinov, Velimir V.
TI Identification of Pumping Influences in Long-Term Water Level
Fluctuations
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID INVERSE PROBLEM; JACOBS METHOD; AQUIFER; TESTS; PARAMETERS; TIME; FLOW
AB Identification of the pumping influences at monitoring wells caused by spatially and temporally variable water supply pumping can be a challenging, yet an important hydrogeological task. The information that can be obtained can be critical for conceptualization of the hydrogeological conditions and indications of the zone of influence of the individual pumping wells. However, the pumping influences are often intermittent and small in magnitude with variable production rates from multiple pumping wells. While these difficulties may support an inclination to abandon the existing dataset and conduct a dedicated cross-hole pumping test, that option can be challenging and expensive to coordinate and execute. This paper presents a method that utilizes a simple analytical modeling approach for analysis of a long-term water level record utilizing an inverse modeling approach. The methodology allows the identification of pumping wells influencing the water level fluctuations. Thus, the analysis provides an efficient and cost-effective alternative to designed and coordinated cross-hole pumping tests. We apply this method on a dataset from the Los Alamos National Laboratory site. Our analysis also provides (1) an evaluation of the information content of the transient water level data; (2) indications of potential structures of the aquifer heterogeneity inhibiting or promoting pressure propagation; and (3) guidance for the development of more complicated models requiring detailed specification of the aquifer heterogeneity.
C1 [Harp, Dylan R.; Vesselinov, Velimir V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Harp, DR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM dharp@lanl.gov
RI Vesselinov, Velimir/P-4724-2016;
OI Vesselinov, Velimir/0000-0002-6222-0530; Harp, Dylan/0000-0001-9777-8000
FU Environmental Programs Division at the Los Alamos National Laboratory
FX The research was funded through various projects supported by the
Environmental Programs Division at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
The authors are thankful for the valuable suggestions and comments
provided by Kay Birdsell, Jos von Asmuth, Roger D. Congdon, and two
anonymous reviewers on draft versions of this paper. The authors are
also grateful for the constructive comments provided by the members of
D.R.H.'s Ph.D. advisory committee (Bruce Thomson, Gary Weissmann, and
John Stormont).
NR 39
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 3
BP 403
EP 414
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00725.x
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 755CE
UT WOS:000289903400015
PM 20550585
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YQ
Hubbard, S
Finsterle, S
AF Zhang, Yingqi
Hubbard, Susan
Finsterle, Stefan
TI Factors Governing Sustainable Groundwater Pumping near a River
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE; WATER TRACERS; STREAM
WATER; TEMPERATURE; FILTRATION; SEDIMENT; SYSTEMS; HEAT; FLOW
AB The objective of this paper was to provide new insights into processes affecting riverbank filtration (RBF). We consider a system with an inflatable dam installed for enhancing water production from downstream collector wells. Using a numerical model, we investigate the impact of groundwater pumping and dam operation on the hydrodynamics in the aquifer and water production. We focus our study on two processes that potentially limit water production of an RBF system: the development of an unsaturated zone and riverbed clogging. We quantify river clogging by calibrating a time-dependent riverbed permeability function based on knowledge of pumping rate, river stage, and temperature. The dynamics of the estimated riverbed permeability reflects clogging and scouring mechanisms. Our results indicate that (1) riverbed permeability is the dominant factor affecting infiltration needed for sustainable RBF production; (2) dam operation can influence pumping efficiency and prevent the development of an unsaturated zone beneath the riverbed only under conditions of sufficient riverbed permeability; (3) slow river velocity, caused by dam raising during summer months, may lead to sedimentation and deposition of fine-grained material within the riverbed, which may clog the riverbed, limiting recharge to the collector wells and contributing to the development of an unsaturated zone beneath the riverbed; and (4) higher river flow velocities, caused by dam lowering during winter storms, scour the riverbed and thus increase its permeability. These insights can be used as the basis for developing sustainable water management of a RBF system.
C1 [Zhang, Yingqi; Hubbard, Susan; Finsterle, Stefan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, YQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM yqzhang@lbl.gov
RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Zhang, Yingqi/D-1203-2015; Hubbard,
Susan/E-9508-2010
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906;
FU Sonoma County Water Agency through the U.S. Dept. of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors wish to thank Jay Jasperse, George Lincoln, Marcus Trotta,
and Donald Seymour (Sonoma County Water Agency) for their support, data
and insights, and Michael Kowalsky (LBNL) for his help in setting up the
forward model geometry. We greatly appreciate the very constructive
comments by the three anonymous reviewers and the editor. We acknowledge
the funding support by Sonoma County Water Agency through the U.S. Dept.
of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 3
BP 432
EP 444
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00743.x
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 755CE
UT WOS:000289903400018
PM 20807247
ER
PT J
AU Brinkman, G
Denholm, P
Drury, E
Margolis, R
Mowers, M
AF Brinkman, Greg
Denholm, Paul
Drury, Easan
Margolis, Robert
Mowers, Matthew
TI Toward a Solar-Powered Grid
SO IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Brinkman, Greg; Denholm, Paul; Drury, Easan; Margolis, Robert; Mowers, Matthew] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Brinkman, G (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
NR 4
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1540-7977
J9 IEEE POWER ENERGY M
JI IEEE Power Energy Mag.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 3
BP 24
EP 32
DI 10.1109/MPE.2011.940574
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 755BB
UT WOS:000289900500003
ER
PT J
AU Mills, A
Ahlstrom, M
Brower, M
Ellis, A
George, R
Hoff, T
Kroposki, B
Lenox, C
Miller, N
Milligan, M
Stein, J
Wan, YH
AF Mills, Andrew
Ahlstrom, Mark
Brower, Michael
Ellis, Abraham
George, Ray
Hoff, Thomas
Kroposki, Benjamin
Lenox, Carl
Miller, Nicholas
Milligan, Michael
Stein, Joshua
Wan, Yih-Huei
TI Dark Shadows
SO IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Mills, Andrew] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Ellis, Abraham; Stein, Joshua] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[George, Ray; Kroposki, Benjamin; Milligan, Michael; Wan, Yih-Huei] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Mills, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
RI Mills, Andrew/B-3469-2016
OI Mills, Andrew/0000-0002-9065-0458
NR 6
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1540-7977
J9 IEEE POWER ENERGY M
JI IEEE Power Energy Mag.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 3
BP 33
EP 41
DI 10.1109/MPE.2011.940575
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 755BB
UT WOS:000289900500004
ER
PT J
AU Ellis, A
Behnke, M
Keller, J
AF Ellis, Abraham
Behnke, Mike
Keller, James
TI Model Makers
SO IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Ellis, Abraham] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Keller, James] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Ellis, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
NR 3
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1540-7977
J9 IEEE POWER ENERGY M
JI IEEE Power Energy Mag.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 3
BP 55
EP 61
DI 10.1109/MPE.2011.940577
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 755BB
UT WOS:000289900500006
ER
PT J
AU Barham, M
White, D
AF Barham, Matthew
White, Daniel
TI Finite Element Simulation of Permanent Magnetoelastic Thin Films
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation
(CEFC)
CY MAY 09-12, 2010
CL Chicago, IL
SP IEEE
DE Finite element method; magnetoelasticity; permanent magnetic material
AB We are interested in the deformation of a thin magnetoelastic film. This has many possible applications, such as in microfluidic actuators and sensors. In previous articles a finite element method has been used for transient simulation of the deformation of a film, for the special case of soft magnetic material only. Here the approach is extended to the case of permanent magnetoelastic materials. The key enhancements required for simulation of magnetoelastic materials are a nonlinear hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin material model, addition of an implicit system of equations for the scalar magnetic potential, and a more complex asymmetric Maxwell stress tensor. A simple test problem was constructed, and simulations for a soft magnetic film and a permanent magnetic film are compared.
C1 [Barham, Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Barham, Matthew; White, Daniel] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Barham, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM barham2@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 47
IS 5
BP 1402
EP 1405
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2010.2088382
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 755EG
UT WOS:000289909100136
ER
PT J
AU Chen, RH
Phuoc, TX
Martello, D
AF Chen, Ruey-Hung
Phuoc, Tran X.
Martello, Donald
TI Surface tension of evaporating nanofluid droplets
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanofluids; Surface tension; Evaporating droplet; Stefan's formula
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT; BOILING HEAT-TRANSFER; NANO-FLUIDS;
CONTACT-ANGLE; NANOPARTICLES; TEMPERATURE; WATER; MICROLAYER; PARTICLES;
DYNAMICS
AB Measurements of nanofluid surface tension were made using the pendant droplet method. Three different types of nanoparticles were used - laponite, silver and Fe(2)O(3) - with de-ionized water (DW) as the base fluid. The reported results focus on the following categories; (1) because some nanoparticles require surfactants to form stable colloids, the individual effects of the surfactant and the particles were investigated; (2) due to evaporation of the pendant droplet, the particle concentration increases, affecting the apparent surface tension; (3) because of the evaporation process, a hysteresis was found where the evaporating droplet can only achieve lower values of surface tension than that of nanofluids at the same prepared concentrations: and (4) the Stefan equation relating the apparent surface tension and heat of evaporation was found to be inapplicable for nanofluids investigated. Comparisons with findings for sessile droplets are also discussed, pointing to additional effects of nanoparticles other than the non-equilibrium evaporation process. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Ruey-Hung] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Phuoc, Tran X.; Martello, Donald] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
RP Chen, RH (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM chenrh@mail.ucf.edu
FU DOE
FX One of the authors (RHC) is supported by DOE's Faculty Research
Participation Program to conduct work at NETL-Pittsburgh.
NR 49
TC 33
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 45
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 11-12
BP 2459
EP 2466
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.02.016
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 753ZN
UT WOS:000289820100025
ER
PT J
AU Sherman, MH
Mortensen, DK
Walker, IS
AF Sherman, Max H.
Mortensen, Dorthe K.
Walker, Iain S.
TI Derivation of equivalent continuous dilution for cyclic, unsteady
driving forces
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Dilution; Concentration; Unsteady ventilation
ID INDOOR AIR-QUALITY; VENTILATION
AB This article uses an analytical approach to determine the dilution of an unsteadily-generated solute in an unsteady solvent stream, under cyclic temporal boundary conditions. The goal is to find a simplified way of showing equivalence of such a process to a reference case where equivalent dilution is defined as a weighted average concentration. This derivation has direct applications to the ventilation of indoor spaces where indoor air quality and energy consumption cannot in general be simultaneously optimized. By solving the equation we can specify how much air we need to use in one ventilation pattern compared to another to obtain same indoor air quality. Because energy consumption is related to the amount of air exchanged by a ventilation system, the equation can be used as a first step to evaluate different ventilation patterns effect on the energy consumption. The use of the derived equation is demonstrated by representative cases of interest in both residential and non-residential buildings. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sherman, Max H.; Walker, Iain S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mortensen, Dorthe K.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Civil Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
RP Sherman, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mhsherman@lbl.gov; dkm@byg.dtu.dk; ISWalker@lbl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program, of the US
Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0017-9310
J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN
JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 54
IS 11-12
BP 2696
EP 2702
DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.12.018
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 753ZN
UT WOS:000289820100049
ER
PT J
AU Gilbert, JA
Meyer, F
Bailey, MJ
AF Gilbert, Jack A.
Meyer, Folker
Bailey, Mark J.
TI The Future of microbial metagenomics (or is ignorance bliss?)
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CALL
C1 [Gilbert, Jack A.; Meyer, Folker] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Meyer, Folker] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Bailey, Mark J.] NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford Oxf, England.
RP Gilbert, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM gilbertjack@anl.gov
RI bailey, mark/I-7149-2012;
OI bailey, mark/0000-0002-0147-7316; Meyer, Folker/0000-0003-1112-2284
NR 8
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 24
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1751-7362
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 777
EP 779
DI 10.1038/ismej.2010.178
PG 3
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA 756OL
UT WOS:000290022500001
PM 21107444
ER
PT J
AU Sowell, SM
Abraham, PE
Shah, M
Verberkmoes, NC
Smith, DP
Barofsky, DF
Giovannoni, SJ
AF Sowell, Sarah M.
Abraham, Paul E.
Shah, Manesh
Verberkmoes, Nathan C.
Smith, Daniel P.
Barofsky, Douglas F.
Giovannoni, Stephen J.
TI Environmental proteomics of microbial plankton in a highly productive
coastal upwelling system
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE metaproteomics; marine plankton; OM43 clade
ID OLIGOTROPHIC MARINE GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA; AEROBIC ANOXYGENIC
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; OCEAN SAMPLING EXPEDITION; COMMUNITY PROTEOMICS;
ROSEOBACTER CLADE; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; OREGON COAST; GENOME;
BACTERIOPLANKTON; SCALE
AB Metaproteomics is one of a suite of new approaches providing insights into the activities of microorganisms in natural environments. Proteins, the final products of gene expression, indicate cellular priorities, taking into account both transcriptional and posttranscriptional control mechanisms that control adaptive responses. Here, we report the proteomic composition of the < 1.2 mu m fraction of a microbial community from Oregon coast summer surface waters, detected with two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Spectra corresponding to proteins involved in protein folding and biosynthesis, transport, and viral capsid structure were the most frequently detected. A total of 36% of all the detected proteins were best matches to the SAR11 clade, and other abundant coastal microbial clades were also well represented, including the Roseobacter clade (17%), oligotrophic marine gammaproteobacteria group (6%), OM43 clade (1%). Viral origins were attributed to 2.5% of proteins. In contrast to oligotrophic waters, phosphate transporters were not highly detected in this nutrient-rich system. However, transporters for amino acids, taurine, polyamines and glutamine synthetase were among the most highly detected proteins, supporting predictions that carbon and nitrogen are more limiting than phosphate in this environment. Intriguingly, one of the highly detected proteins was methanol dehydrogenase originating from the OM43 clade, providing further support for recent reports that the metabolism of one-carbon compounds by these streamlined methylotrophs might be an important feature of coastal ocean biogeochemistry. The ISME Journal (2011) 5, 856-865; doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.168; published online 11 November 2010
C1 [Giovannoni, Stephen J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Sowell, Sarah M.; Smith, Daniel P.] Oregon State Univ, Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Abraham, Paul E.; Shah, Manesh; Verberkmoes, Nathan C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Abraham, Paul E.; Shah, Manesh; Verberkmoes, Nathan C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Abraham, Paul E.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Barofsky, Douglas F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Giovannoni, SJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 220 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM steve.giovannoni@oregonstate.edu
RI Abraham, Paul/K-5599-2015
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory
FX We thank the crew of the Elaka and Joshua Kitner for their help in
sample collection, and Francis Chan for data and discussions about
oceanographic conditions. This work was supported in part by a Marine
Microbiology Initiative Investigator Award from the Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation. Additional sponsorship was received from the US
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC.
NR 52
TC 69
Z9 71
U1 1
U2 27
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7362
EI 1751-7370
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 856
EP 865
DI 10.1038/ismej.2010.168
PG 10
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA 756OL
UT WOS:000290022500009
PM 21068774
ER
PT J
AU Stein, LY
Bringel, F
DiSpirito, AA
Han, S
Jetten, MSM
Kalyuzhnaya, MG
Kits, KD
Klotz, MG
den Camp, HJMO
Semrau, JD
Vuilleumier, S
Bruce, DC
Cheng, JF
Davenport, KW
Goodwin, L
Han, SS
Hauser, L
Lajus, A
Land, ML
Lapidus, A
Lucas, S
Medigue, C
Pitluck, S
Woyke, T
AF Stein, Lisa Y.
Bringel, Francoise
DiSpirito, Alan A.
Han, Sukkyun
Jetten, Mike S. M.
Kalyuzhnaya, Marina G.
Kits, K. Dimitri
Klotz, Martin G.
den Camp, Huub J. M. Op
Semrau, Jeremy D.
Vuilleumier, Stephane
Bruce, David C.
Cheng, Jan-Fang
Davenport, Karen W.
Goodwin, Lynne
Han, Shunsheng
Hauser, Loren
Lajus, Aurelie
Land, Miriam L.
Lapidus, Alla
Lucas, Susan
Medigue, Claudine
Pitluck, Sam
Woyke, Tanja
TI Genome Sequence of the Methanotrophic Alphaproteobacterium Methylocystis
sp Strain Rockwell (ATCC 49242)
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID METHANE OXIDATION; BACTERIA; ACETATE; GROWTH; OB3B; SOIL
AB Methylocystis sp. strain Rockwell (ATCC 49242) is an aerobic methane-oxidizing alphaproteobacterium isolated from an aquifer in southern California. Unlike most methanotrophs in the Methylocystaceae family, this strain has a single pmo operon encoding particulate methane monooxygenase but no evidence of the genes encoding soluble methane monooxygenase. This is the first reported genome sequence of a member of the Methylocystis species of the Methylocystaceae family in the order Rhizobiales.
C1 [Stein, Lisa Y.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Biol Sci CW405, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Bringel, Francoise; Vuilleumier, Stephane] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7156, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
[DiSpirito, Alan A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Jetten, Mike S. M.; den Camp, Huub J. M. Op] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Microbiol, IWWR, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Kalyuzhnaya, Marina G.] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Klotz, Martin G.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
[Klotz, Martin G.] Univ Louisville, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
[Semrau, Jeremy D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Bruce, David C.; Davenport, Karen W.; Goodwin, Lynne; Han, Shunsheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Joint Genome Inst, Biosci Div Genome Sci B6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Cheng, Jan-Fang; Lapidus, Alla; Lucas, Susan; Pitluck, Sam; Woyke, Tanja] US DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Hauser, Loren; Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lajus, Aurelie; Medigue, Claudine] Genoscope IG CEA, Lab Anal Bioinformat Genom & Metab LABGem, F-91057 Evry, France.
RP Stein, LY (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Ctr Biol Sci CW405, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
EM lisa.stein@ualberta.ca
RI Vuilleumier, Stephane/D-2647-2012; Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Lapidus,
Alla/I-4348-2013; Stein, Lisa/A-3760-2014; Jetten, Mike/B-8834-2011; Op
den Camp, Huub/F-5114-2011; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Klotz,
Martin/D-2091-2009; Stein, Lisa/E-6374-2016
OI Vuilleumier, Stephane/0000-0003-2232-7023; Kalyuzhnaya,
Marina/0000-0002-9058-7794; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Jetten,
Mike/0000-0002-4691-7039; Op den Camp, Huub/0000-0003-1990-9030; Land,
Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Klotz, Martin/0000-0002-1783-375X; Stein,
Lisa/0000-0001-5095-5022
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; DOE [DE-SC0005154];
University of Louisville EVPR office; GIS; Office of Science of the U.S.
DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Support for Lisa Y. Stein was from the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council. Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya was supported by the DOE
(DE-SC0005154). Martin G. Klotz was supported by incentive funds from
the University of Louisville EVPR office. Work in Stephane Vuilleumier's
group on this project was supported by a GIS IbiSA-Genoscope grant. The
work conducted by the U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute was supported by
the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 18
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 5
U2 18
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 193
IS 10
BP 2668
EP 2669
DI 10.1128/JB.00278-11
PG 2
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 756AG
UT WOS:000289983100035
PM 21441518
ER
PT J
AU Pauls, RE
AF Pauls, R. E.
TI Fast Gas Chromatographic Separation of Biodiesel
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ACID METHYL-ESTERS; RESPONSE FACTORS; SPEED
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pauls, RE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM repauls@sbcglobal.net
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 6600 W TOUHY AVE, NILES, IL 60714-4588 USA
SN 0021-9665
J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI
JI J. Chromatogr. Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
BP 370
EP 374
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 755II
UT WOS:000289922200005
PM 21549028
ER
PT J
AU Pauls, RE
AF Pauls, R. E.
TI A Review of Chromatographic Characterization Techniques for Biodiesel
and Biodiesel Blends
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID FATTY-ACID METHYL; 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID
CHROMATOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SIZE-EXCLUSION
CHROMATOGRAPHY; TRANSESTERIFIED VEGETABLE-OILS; EVAPORATIVE
LIGHT-SCATTERING; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NEAR-INFRARED
SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-LAYER-CHROMATOGRAPHY
C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pauls, RE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM repauls@sbcglobal.net
NR 170
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 23
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 6600 W TOUHY AVE, NILES, IL 60714-4588 USA
SN 0021-9665
J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI
JI J. Chromatogr. Sci.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
BP 384
EP 396
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 755II
UT WOS:000289922200008
PM 21549031
ER
PT J
AU Hesterberg, D
Duff, MC
Dixon, JB
Vepraskas, MJ
AF Hesterberg, Dean
Duff, Martine C.
Dixon, Joe B.
Vepraskas, Michael J.
TI X-ray Microspectroscopy and Chemical Reactions in Soil Microsites
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; PHOSPHATE SORPTION;
CR(III) OXIDATION; SULFIDE; SPECIATION; REDUCTION; SPECTROMICROSCOPY;
OXIDES; WATER
AB Soils provide long-term storage of environmental contaminants, which helps to protect water and air quality and diminishes negative impacts of contaminants on human and ecosystem health. Characterizing solid-phase chemical species in highly complex matrices is essential for developing principles that can be broadly applied to the wide range of notoriously heterogeneous soils occurring at the earth's surface. In the context of historical developments in soil analytical techniques, we describe applications of bulk-sample and spatially resolved synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) for characterizing chemical species of contaminants in soils, and for determining the uniqueness of trace-element reactivity in different soil microsites. Spatially resolved X-ray techniques provide opportunities for following chemical changes within soil microsites that serve as highly localized chemical micro-(or nano-) reactors of unique composition. An example of this microreactor concept is shown for micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis of metal sulfide oxidation in a contaminated soil. One research challenge is to use information and principles developed from microscale soil chemistry for predicting macroscale and field-scale behavior of soil contaminants.
C1 [Hesterberg, Dean; Vepraskas, Michael J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Duff, Martine C.] Washington Savannah River Co, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
[Dixon, Joe B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Hesterberg, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM dean_hesterberg@ncsu.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors are grateful to Ms. Kimberly Hutchison for laboratory
analyses, to Dr. Jeff Chou (now at NIEHS) for assistance with bulk XAS
analysis, and to Mr. Rob Austin for producing the map and aerial
photograph in Fig. 1. We thank Dr. Markus Grafe (CSIRO, Australian
Minerals Research Center) for a critical review of a version of the
manuscript and for supplying Cu-sulfide standards, Dr. Suzanne
Beauchemin (Natural Resources Canada-CANMET) for supplying Zn standards,
and Drs. Shelly Kelly (Biosciences Division, Argonne National
Laboratory) and Juergen Thieme (NSLS II, Brookhaven National Laboratory)
for insightful discussions on molecular coordination and spatial scales.
Funding and support for this research came from the U. S. Marine Corps,
a Dupont Educational Aid Grant, and the North Carolina Agricultural
Experiment Station. Part of this research was conducted at Beamlines
X26A and X11A at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven
National Laboratory. We appreciate assistance of the beamline
scientists-Drs. Antonio Lanzirotti (X26A) and Kumi Pandya (X11A). Use of
the National Synchrotron Light Source, was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 66
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 40
IS 3
BP 667
EP 678
DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0140
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 754VO
UT WOS:000289886000002
PM 21546654
ER
PT J
AU Grafe, M
Landers, M
Tappero, R
Austin, P
Gan, B
Grabsch, A
Klauber, C
AF Graefe, Markus
Landers, Matthew
Tappero, Ryan
Austin, Peter
Gan, Bee
Grabsch, Alton
Klauber, Craig
TI Combined Application of QEM-SEM and Hard X-ray Microscopy to Determine
Mineralogical Associations and Chemical Speciation of Trace Metals
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID GOETHITE ALPHA-FEOOH; SMELTER-CONTAMINATED SOIL; RED MUD; ABSORPTION
SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL VANADIUM; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; SANDY SOILS;
BAUXITE; RESIDUE; ZINC
AB We describe the application of quantitative evaluation of mineralogy by scanning electron microscopy in combination with techniques commonly available at hard X-ray microprobes to define the mineralogical environment of a bauxite residue core segment with the more specific aim of determining the speciation of trace metals (e. g., Ti, V, Cr, and Mn) within the mineral matrix. Successful trace metal speciation in heterogeneous matrices, such as those encountered in soils or mineral residues, relies on a combination of techniques including spectroscopy, microscopy, diffraction, and wet chemical and physical experiments. Of substantial interest is the ability to define the mineralogy of a sample to infer redox behavior, pH buffering, and mineral-water interfaces that are likely to interact with trace metals through adsorption, coprecipitation, dissolution, or electron transfer reactions. Quantitative evaluation of mineralogy by scanning electron microscopy coupled with micro-focused X-ray diffraction, micro-X-ray fluorescence, and micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure (mu XANES) spectroscopy provided detailed insights into the composition of mineral assemblages and their effect on trace metal speciation during this investigation. In the sample investigated, titanium occurs as poorly ordered ilmenite, as rutile, and is substituted in iron oxides. Manganese's spatial correlation to Ti is closely linked to ilmenite, where it appears to substitute for Fe and Ti in the ilmenite structure based on its mu XANES signature. Vanadium is associated with ilmenite and goethite but always assumes the +4 oxidation state, whereas chromium is predominantly in the +3 oxidation state and solely associated with iron oxides (goethite and hematite) and appears to substitute for Fe in the goethite structure.
C1 [Graefe, Markus; Landers, Matthew; Austin, Peter; Gan, Bee; Grabsch, Alton; Klauber, Craig] CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Australian Minerals Res Ctr, Waterford, WA 6152, Australia.
[Tappero, Ryan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Grafe, M (reprint author), CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Australian Minerals Res Ctr, 7 Conlon St, Waterford, WA 6152, Australia.
EM markus.grafe@csiro.au
RI Klauber, Craig/F-8522-2013; Gan, Bee/B-3818-2009
OI Klauber, Craig/0000-0003-1684-581X;
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 25
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 40
IS 3
BP 767
EP 783
DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0214
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 754VO
UT WOS:000289886000010
PM 21546662
ER
PT J
AU Chae, KH
AF Chae, Kyu-Hyun
TI The coevolution of the velocity and mass functions of galaxies and dark
haloes
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Review
DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; galaxies:
kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: statistics; galaxies: structure
ID LENS ACS SURVEY; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; VLT DEEP
SURVEY; SIMILAR-TO 2; STELLAR MASS; MATTER HALOES; DENSITY PROFILE;
OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; ULTRADEEP SPECTROSCOPY
AB We employ a bias-corrected abundance-matching technique to investigate the coevolution of the Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) dark halo mass function (HMF), the observationally derived velocity dispersion and stellar mass functions (VDF, SMF) of galaxies between z = 1 and 0. We use for the first time the evolution of the VDF constrained through strong lensing statistics by Chae for galaxy-halo abundance-matching studies. As a local benchmark we use a couple of z similar to 0 VDFs [a Monte Carlo realized VDF based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 5 (DR5) and a directly measured VDF based on SDSS DR6]. We then focus on connecting the VDF evolution to the HMF evolution predicted by N-body simulations and the SMF evolution constrained by galaxy surveys. On the VDF-HMF connection, we find that the local dark halo virial mass-central stellar velocity dispersion (M-vir-Sigma) relation is in good agreement with the individual properties of well-studied low-redshift dark haloes, and the VDF evolution closely parallels the HMF evolution meaning little evolution in the M-vir-Sigma relation. On the VDF-SMF connection, it is also likely that the stellar mass-stellar velocity dispersion (M-star-Sigma) relation evolves little, taking the abundance-matching results together with other independent observational results and hydrodynamic simulation results. Our results support the simple picture that as the halo grows hierarchically, the stellar mass and the central stellar velocity dispersion grow in parallel. We discuss possible implications of this parallel coevolution for galaxy formation and evolution under the Lambda CDM paradigm.
C1 [Chae, Kyu-Hyun] Sejong Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Seoul 143747, South Korea.
[Chae, Kyu-Hyun] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
EM chae@sejong.ac.kr
NR 110
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 413
IS 2
BP 887
EP 900
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18181.x
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 755CQ
UT WOS:000289904600013
ER
PT J
AU Hu, TT
Pattyn, P
Bakker, EG
Cao, J
Cheng, JF
Clark, RM
Fahlgren, N
Fawcett, JA
Grimwood, J
Gundlach, H
Haberer, G
Hollister, JD
Ossowski, S
Ottilar, RP
Salamov, AA
Schneeberger, K
Spannagl, M
Wang, X
Yang, L
Nasrallah, ME
Bergelson, J
Carrington, JC
Gaut, BS
Schmutz, J
Mayer, KFX
de Peer, YV
Grigoriev, IV
Nordborg, M
Weigel, D
Guo, YL
AF Hu, Tina T.
Pattyn, Pedro
Bakker, Erica G.
Cao, Jun
Cheng, Jan-Fang
Clark, Richard M.
Fahlgren, Noah
Fawcett, Jeffrey A.
Grimwood, Jane
Gundlach, Heidrun
Haberer, Georg
Hollister, Jesse D.
Ossowski, Stephan
Ottilar, Robert P.
Salamov, Asaf A.
Schneeberger, Korbinian
Spannagl, Manuel
Wang, Xi
Yang, Liang
Nasrallah, Mikhail E.
Bergelson, Joy
Carrington, James C.
Gaut, Brandon S.
Schmutz, Jeremy
Mayer, Klaus F. X.
de Peer, Yves Van
Grigoriev, Igor V.
Nordborg, Magnus
Weigel, Detlef
Guo, Ya-Long
TI The Arabidopsis lyrata genome sequence and the basis of rapid genome
size change
SO NATURE GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; DNA LOSS; ANGIOSPERM GENOMES; EUKARYOTIC GENOME;
THALIANA; EVOLUTION; PLANTS; ALIGNMENT; IDENTIFICATION; EXPANSION
AB We report the 207-Mb genome sequence of the North American Arabidopsis lyrata strain MN47 based on 8.3x dideoxy sequence coverage. We predict 32,670 genes in this outcrossing species compared to the 27,025 genes in the selfing species Arabidopsis thaliana. The much smaller 125-Mb genome of A. thaliana, which diverged from A. lyrata 10 million years ago, likely constitutes the derived state for the family. We found evidence for DNA loss from large-scale rearrangements, but most of the difference in genome size can be attributed to hundreds of thousands of small deletions, mostly in noncoding DNA and transposons. Analysis of deletions and insertions still segregating in A. thaliana indicates that the process of DNA loss is ongoing, suggesting pervasive selection for a smaller genome. The high-quality reference genome sequence for A. lyrata will be an important resource for functional, evolutionary and ecological studies in the genus Arabidopsis.
C1 [Cao, Jun; Clark, Richard M.; Schneeberger, Korbinian; Weigel, Detlef; Guo, Ya-Long] Max Planck Inst Dev Biol, Dept Mol Biol, Tubingen, Germany.
[Hu, Tina T.; Nordborg, Magnus] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Pattyn, Pedro; Fawcett, Jeffrey A.; de Peer, Yves Van] Univ Ghent VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
[Pattyn, Pedro; Fawcett, Jeffrey A.; de Peer, Yves Van] Univ Ghent, Dept Plant Biotechnol & Genet, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Bakker, Erica G.; Bergelson, Joy] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Bakker, Erica G.; Fahlgren, Noah; Carrington, James C.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Bakker, Erica G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Cheng, Jan-Fang; Grimwood, Jane; Ottilar, Robert P.; Salamov, Asaf A.; Schmutz, Jeremy; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
[Fahlgren, Noah; Carrington, James C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy] Hudson Alpha Inst Biotechnol, Hudson Alpha Genome Sequencing Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Gundlach, Heidrun; Haberer, Georg; Spannagl, Manuel; Wang, Xi; Mayer, Klaus F. X.] Helmholtz Ctr Munich, Munich Informat Ctr Prot Sequences, Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, Neuherberg, Germany.
[Hollister, Jesse D.; Yang, Liang; Gaut, Brandon S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
[Nasrallah, Mikhail E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Nordborg, Magnus] Austrian Acad Sci, Gregor Mendel Inst, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
RP Weigel, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Dev Biol, Dept Mol Biol, Tubingen, Germany.
EM weigel@weigelworld.org; ya-long.guo@hotmail.com
RI Ossowski, Stephan/E-2139-2011; Fawcett, Jeffrey/B-4145-2008; Weigel,
Detlef/C-1418-2008; Cao, Jun/E-5422-2012; Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013;
Carrington, James/A-4656-2012; Mayer, Klaus/M-7941-2015; Fahlgren,
Noah/D-4404-2011; ?, ??/G-4742-2011
OI Ossowski, Stephan/0000-0002-7416-9568; Weigel,
Detlef/0000-0002-2114-7963; Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172;
Carrington, James/0000-0003-3572-129X; Mayer, Klaus/0000-0001-6484-1077;
Fahlgren, Noah/0000-0002-5597-4537; ?, ??/0000-0002-4643-4889
FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0723860, DEB-0723935,
MCB-0618433, IOS-0744579]; NIH [GM057994]; German Federal Ministry of
Education and Research [GABI-DUPLO 0315055]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft; Institute for the Promotion of Innovation
through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT); Inter-University
Network for Fundamental Research [P6/25]; Austria Academy of Sciences;
Max Planck Society; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
FX The US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (JGI) provided
sequencing and analyses under the Community Sequencing Program supported
by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are particularly grateful to D. Rokhsar and K.
Barry for providing leadership for the project at JGI. We thank J.
Borevitz, A. Hall, C. Langley, J. Nasrallah, B. Neuffer, O. Savolainen
and S. Wright for contributing to the initial sequencing proposal
submitted to the Community Sequencing Program at JGI, C. Lanz and K.
Lett for technical assistance, and P. Andolfatto and R. Wing for
comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by National Science
Foundation (NSF) DEB-0723860 (B.S.G.), NSF DEB-0723935 (M.N.), NSF
MCB-0618433 (J.C.C.), NSF IOS-0744579 (M.E.N.), NIH GM057994 (J.B.),
grant GABI-DUPLO 0315055 of the German Federal Ministry of Education and
Research (K.F.X.M.), ERA-NET on Plant Genomics (ERA-PG) grant ARelatives
from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (D.W.) and Institute for the
Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT)
and the Inter-University Network for Fundamental Research (P6/25,
BioMaGNet) (Y.V.d.P.), a Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Award of Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (D.W.), the Austria Academy of Sciences
(M.N.) and the Max Planck Society (D.W. and Y.-L.G.).
NR 65
TC 350
Z9 384
U1 10
U2 117
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1061-4036
J9 NAT GENET
JI Nature Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 5
BP 476
EP +
DI 10.1038/ng.807
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 755XF
UT WOS:000289972600020
PM 21478890
ER
PT J
AU Smith, FA
Elliott, SM
Lyons, SK
AF Smith, Felisa A.
Elliott, Scott M.
Lyons, S. Kathleen
TI Methane and megafauna reply
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID RATES; EMISSIONS; LAKES; TIME
C1 [Smith, Felisa A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Elliott, Scott M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean Sea Ice Modeling Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Lyons, S. Kathleen] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Smith, FA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM fasmith@unm.edu
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 4
IS 5
BP 272
EP 272
DI 10.1038/ngeo1149
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 756MP
UT WOS:000290016000003
ER
PT J
AU Ellis, B
Mayer, MA
Shambat, G
Sarmiento, T
Harris, J
Haller, EE
Vuckovic, J
AF Ellis, Bryan
Mayer, Marie A.
Shambat, Gary
Sarmiento, Tomas
Harris, James
Haller, Eugene E.
Vuckovic, Jelena
TI Ultralow-threshold electrically pumped quantum-dot photonic-crystal
nanocavity laser
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Efficient, low-threshold and compact semiconductor laser sources are under investigation for many applications in highspeed communications, information processing and optical interconnects. The best edge-emitting and vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers have thresholds on the order of 100 mu A (refs 1,2), but dissipate too much power to be practical for many applications, particularly optical interconnects(3). Optically pumped photonic-crystal nanocavity lasers represent the state of the art in low-threshold lasers(4,5); however, to be practical, techniques to electrically pump these structures must be developed. Here, we demonstrate a quantum-dot photonic-crystal nanocavity laser in gallium arsenide pumped by a lateral p-i-n junction formed by ion implantation. Continuous-wave lasing is observed at temperatures up to 150 K. Thresholds of only 181 nA at 50 K and 287 nA at 150 K are observed-the lowest thresholds ever observed in any type of electrically pumped laser.
C1 [Ellis, Bryan; Shambat, Gary; Sarmiento, Tomas; Harris, James; Vuckovic, Jelena] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Mayer, Marie A.; Haller, Eugene E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mayer, Marie A.; Haller, Eugene E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ellis, B (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM jela@stanford.edu
OI Sarmiento, Tomas/0000-0002-9176-4094
FU Stanford Graduate Fellowship; National Science Foundation; Interconnect
Focus Center; Air Force Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary
Research Initiative for Complex and Robust On-chip Nanophotonics
[FA9550-09-1-0704]; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX B. E. and G. S. were supported by the Stanford Graduate Fellowship. G.
S. is also supported by the National Science Foundation graduate
research fellowship program. The authors acknowledge support from the
Interconnect Focus Center, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Multidisciplinary Research Initiative for Complex and Robust On-chip
Nanophotonics (G. Pomrenke; grant no. FA9550-09-1-0704), and the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US Department of Energy
(contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231). The authors would like to thank I.
Fushman for helpful discussions and M. Hilton of Veeco Instruments for
advice regarding SCM. Work was performed in part at the Stanford
Nanofabrication Facility of National Nanotechnology Infrastructure
Network, supported by the National Science Foundation.
NR 25
TC 192
Z9 192
U1 14
U2 84
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 5
IS 5
BP 297
EP 300
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2011.51
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 756MI
UT WOS:000290014900020
ER
PT J
AU Agostini, M
Terry, JL
Scarin, P
Zweben, SJ
AF Agostini, M.
Terry, J. L.
Scarin, P.
Zweben, S. J.
TI Edge turbulence in different density regimes in Alcator C-Mod experiment
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID SCRAPE-OFF-LAYER; PUFF IMAGING EXPERIMENTS; FLUCTUATION STRUCTURES;
TOKAMAK PLASMA; INTERMITTENCY; FLOW
AB Plasma edge turbulence of Alcator C-Mod tokamak is studied with a fast camera in different density regimes. The statistical properties of the fluctuations, as well as the behaviour of the blobs, are characterized in plasma discharges at different normalized densities, studying the link between the edge turbulence and the Greenwald limit. It is shown that approaching the Greenwald density limit, the edge velocity field measured with the cross-correlation technique changes and the strong fluctuations, which for standard discharges develop mainly outside the separatrix, extend also in the radial region inside the last closed flux surface. At the same time, the blobs cover a larger radial region, suggesting a strong impact of the edge turbulence and transport on the Greenwald limit.
C1 [Agostini, M.; Scarin, P.] Assoc EURATOM Enea Fus, Consorzio RFX, I-35127 Padua, Italy.
[Terry, J. L.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Zweben, S. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Agostini, M (reprint author), Assoc EURATOM Enea Fus, Consorzio RFX, Cso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy.
EM matteo.agostini@igi.cnr.it
OI AGOSTINI, MATTEO/0000-0002-3823-1002
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-99ER54512]; European Communities
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy Cooperative
Agreement No. DE-FC02-99ER54512 and by the European Communities under
the Contract of Association between EURATOM and ENEA. The views and
opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the
European Commission.
NR 35
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 5
AR 053020
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/51/5/053020
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 755MU
UT WOS:000289937000021
ER
PT J
AU Park, YS
Sabbagh, SA
Berkery, JW
Bialek, JM
Jeon, YM
Hahn, SH
Eidietis, N
Evans, TE
Yoon, SW
Ahn, JW
Kim, J
Yang, HL
You, KI
Bae, YS
Chung, J
Kwon, M
Oh, YK
Kim, WC
Kim, JY
Lee, SG
Park, HK
Reimerdes, H
Leuer, J
Walker, M
AF Park, Y. S.
Sabbagh, S. A.
Berkery, J. W.
Bialek, J. M.
Jeon, Y. M.
Hahn, S. H.
Eidietis, N.
Evans, T. E.
Yoon, S. W.
Ahn, J. -W.
Kim, J.
Yang, H. L.
You, K. -I.
Bae, Y. S.
Chung, J.
Kwon, M.
Oh, Y. K.
Kim, W. -C.
Kim, J. Y.
Lee, S. G.
Park, H. K.
Reimerdes, H.
Leuer, J.
Walker, M.
TI KSTAR equilibrium operating space and projected stabilization at high
normalized beta
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID TOKAMAK
AB Along with an expanded evaluation of the equilibrium operating space of the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research, KSTAR, experimental equilibria of the most recent plasma discharges were reconstructed using the EFIT code. In near-circular plasmas created in 2009, equilibria reached a stored energy of 54 kJ with a maximum plasma current of 0.34 MA. Highly shaped plasmas with near double-null configuration in 2010 achieved H-mode with clear edge localized mode (ELM) activity, and transiently reached a stored energy of up to 257 kJ, elongation of 1.96 and normalized beta of 1.3. The plasma current reached 0.7 MA. Projecting active and passive stabilization of global MHD instabilities for operation above the ideal no-wall beta limit using the designed control hardware was also considered. Kinetic modification of the ideal MHD n = 1 stability criterion was computed by the MISK code on KSTAR theoretical equilibria with a plasma current of 2 MA, internal inductance of 0.7 and normalized beta of 4.0 with simple density, temperature and rotation profiles. The steep edge pressure gradient of this equilibrium resulted in the need for significant plasma toroidal rotation to allow thermal particle kinetic resonances to stabilize the resistive wall mode (RWM). The impact of various materials and electrical connections of the passive stabilizing plates on RWM growth rates was analysed, and copper plates reduced the RWM passive growth rate by a factor of 15 compared with stainless steel plates at a normalized beta of 4.4. Computations of active RWM control using the VALEN code showed that the n = 1 mode can be stabilized at normalized beta near the ideal wall limit via control fields produced by the midplane in-vessel control coils (IVCCs) with as low as 0.83kW control power using ideal control system assumptions. The ELM mitigation potential of the IVCC, examined by evaluating the vacuum island overlap created by resonant magnetic perturbations, was analysed using the TRIP3D code. Using a combination of all IVCCs with dominant n = 2 field and upper/lower coils in an even parity configuration, a Chirikov parameter near unity at normalized poloidal flux 0.83, an empirically determined condition for ELM mitigation in DIII-D, was generated in theoretical high-beta equilibria. Chirikov profile optimization was addressed in terms of coil parity and safety factor profile.
C1 [Park, Y. S.; Sabbagh, S. A.; Berkery, J. W.; Bialek, J. M.; Reimerdes, H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Jeon, Y. M.; Hahn, S. H.; Yoon, S. W.; Kim, J.; Yang, H. L.; You, K. -I.; Bae, Y. S.; Chung, J.; Kwon, M.; Oh, Y. K.; Kim, W. -C.; Kim, J. Y.; Lee, S. G.] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea.
[Eidietis, N.; Evans, T. E.; Leuer, J.; Walker, M.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA.
[Ahn, J. -W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Park, H. K.] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang, South Korea.
[Reimerdes, H.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Assoc Euratom Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Park, YS (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM ypark@pppl.gov
RI Sabbagh, Steven/C-7142-2011;
OI Walker, Michael/0000-0002-4341-994X
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-99ER54524]
FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy under
contract DE-FG02-99ER54524.
NR 17
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 7
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 5
AR 053001
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/51/5/053001
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 755MU
UT WOS:000289937000002
ER
PT J
AU von Thun, CP
Perona, A
Johnson, T
Reich, M
Sharapov, SE
Kiptily, VG
Cecconello, M
Salmi, A
Goloborod'ko, VY
Pinches, SD
Garcia-Munoz, M
Darrow, D
Brix, M
Voitsekhovitch, I
AF von Thun, C. Perez
Perona, A.
Johnson, T.
Reich, M.
Sharapov, S. E.
Kiptily, V. G.
Cecconello, M.
Salmi, A.
Goloborod'ko, V. Ya
Pinches, S. D.
Garcia-Munoz, M.
Darrow, D.
Brix, M.
Voitsekhovitch, I.
CA JET EFDA Contributors
TI Numerical simulation of fast ion loss detector measurements for
fishbones on JET
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID TOROIDAL PLASMAS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; CONFINEMENT; PRODUCTS; TOKAMAK;
MODES
AB A synthetic diagnostic model for the simulation of energy and pitch angle resolved measurements of fast ion losses obtained by 2D scintillation-type detectors is presented and subsequently tested on a JET discharge with fishbones (previously documented in Perez von Thun et al 2010 Nucl. Fusion 50 084009). The simulated energy and pitch angle distributions at the detector are found to be in excellent agreement with the measurements. The simulations further suggest that nearly all the fast ion losses take place in the early growth phase of the fishbone cycle, and reach their maximum well ahead of the magnetic perturbation peak.
C1 [von Thun, C. Perez; Reich, M.; Garcia-Munoz, M.] EURATOM Assoc IPP, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Perona, A.] Politecn Torino, Burning Plasma Res Grp, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
[Johnson, T.] KTH, EES, EURATOM VR Assoc, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Sharapov, S. E.; Kiptily, V. G.; Pinches, S. D.; Brix, M.; Voitsekhovitch, I.] EURATOM CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
[Cecconello, M.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, EURATOM VR Assoc, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Salmi, A.] Helsinki Univ Technol, Assoc EURATOM Tekes, Helsinki, Finland.
[Goloborod'ko, V. Ya] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, Assoc EURATOM OEAW, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Darrow, D.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[JET EFDA Contributors] JET EFDA Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
RP von Thun, CP (reprint author), EURATOM Assoc IPP, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM Christian.Perez.Von.Thun@jet.efda.org
RI garcia-munoz, manuel/C-6825-2008; Salmi, Antti/I-7413-2013
OI garcia-munoz, manuel/0000-0002-3241-502X;
FU European Communities
FX This work, supported by the European Communities under the contract of
Association between EURATOM and Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik,
was carried out within the framework of the European Fusion Development
Agreement. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily
reflect those of the European Commission.
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
PI VIENNA
PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0029-5515
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 5
AR 053003
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/51/5/053003
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 755MU
UT WOS:000289937000004
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, JC
AF Wagner, John C.
TI FOREWORD SPECIAL ISSUE ON THE SCALE NUCLEAR ANALYSIS CODE SYSTEM
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wagner, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Wagner, John/K-3644-2015
OI Wagner, John/0000-0003-0257-4502
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 125
EP 125
PG 1
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200001
ER
PT J
AU Bowman, SM
AF Bowman, S. M.
TI SCALE 6: COMPREHENSIVE NUCLEAR SAFETY ANALYSIS CODE SYSTEM
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE reactor physics; sensitivity/uncertainty; criticality safety
ID SENSITIVITY
AB Version 6 of the Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation (SCALE) computer software system developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, released in February 2009, contains significant new capabilities and data for nuclear safety analysis and marks an important update for this software package, which is used worldwide. This paper highlights the capabilities of the SCALE system, including continuous-energy flux calculations for processing multigroup problem-dependent cross sections, ENDF/B-VII continuous-energy and multigroup nuclear cross-section data, continuous-energy Monte Carlo criticality safety calculations, Monte Carlo radiation shielding analyses with automated three-dimensional variance reduction techniques, one- and three-dimensional sensitivity and uncertainty analyses for criticality safety evaluations, two- and three-dimensional lattice physics depletion analyses, fast and accurate source terms and decay heat calculations, automated burnup credit analyses with loading curve search, and integrated three-dimensional criticality accident alarm system analyses using coupled Monte Carlo criticality and shielding calculations.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bowman, SM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM bowmansm@ornl.gov
OI Bowman, Stephen/0000-0002-3717-2063
NR 56
TC 45
Z9 46
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 126
EP 148
PG 23
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200002
ER
PT J
AU Williams, ML
AF Williams, Mark L.
TI RESONANCE SELF-SHIELDING METHODOLOGIES IN SCALE 6
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE continuous-energy discrete ordinates; self-shielding; SCALE
ID NEUTRON; ENDF/B-VII.0
AB SCALE 6 includes several problem-independent multi-group (MG) libraries that were processed from the evaluated nuclear data file ENDF/B using a generic flux spectrum. The library data must be self-shielded and corrected for problem-specific spectral effects for use in MG neutron transport calculations. SCALE 6 computes problem-dependent MG cross sections through a combination of the conventional Bondarenko shielding-factor method and a deterministic continuous-energy (CE) calculation of the fine-structure spectra in the resolved resonance and thermal energy ranges. The CE calculation can be performed using an infinite medium approximation, a simplified two-region method for lattices, or a one-dimensional discrete ordinates transport calculation with pointwise (PW) cross-section data. This paper describes the SCALE-resonance self-shielding methodologies, including the deterministic calculation of the CE flux spectra using PW nuclear data and the method for using CE spectra to produce problem-specific MG cross sections for various configurations (including doubly heterogeneous lattices). It also presents results of verification and validation studies.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Williams, ML (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,Bldg 5700,MS 6170, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM williamsml@ornl.gov
NR 29
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 149
EP 168
PG 20
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200003
ER
PT J
AU Gauld, IC
Radulescu, G
Ilas, G
Murphy, BD
Williams, ML
Wiarda, D
AF Gauld, Ian C.
Radulescu, Georgeta
Ilas, Germina
Murphy, Brian D.
Williams, Mark L.
Wiarda, Dorothea
TI ISOTOPIC DEPLETION AND DECAY METHODS AND ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES IN SCALE
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE neutron transmutation; isotopic inventory; neutron gamma-ray sources
ID THERMAL-NEUTRON FISSION; PRODUCT ENERGY-RELEASE; PU-239; U-235; HEAT
AB The calculation of fuel isotopic compositions is essential to support design, safety analysis, and licensing of many components of the nuclear fuel cycle from reactor physics and severe accident analysis to back-end fuel cycle issues, including spent-fuel storage and transportation, reprocessing, and radioactive waste management. Versions of the ORIGEN code, developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, have been used worldwide for isotopic depletion and decay analysis for more than three decades. The supported version of ORIGEN, maintained as the depletion analysis module for SCALE 6, performs detailed time-dependent isotopic generation and depletion for 1946 nuclides for reactor fuel and activation analysis. Stand-alone ORIGEN calculations can be performed using cross-section libraries developed for a wide range of reactor types and fuel designs used worldwide, including light water reactors UO(2) and MOX, CANDU, VVER 440 and 1000, RBMK, and graphite reactors. Alternatively, within SCALE 6, ORIGEN can be automatically coupled to two-dimensional discrete ordinates or three-dimensional Monte Carlo transport solvers that provide problem-dependent cross sections for use in the ORIGEN depletion calculation. The hybrid ability to function as either a stand-alone or coupled depletion code provides ORIGEN advanced capabilities to simulate a broad range of applications for various reactor systems. The nuclear data libraries in ORIGEN have been significantly improved recently, using modern ENDF/B nuclear data evaluations. The most recent developments in SCALE 6.1 include the addition of ENDF/B-VII decay data, energy-dependent fission yields, and fine-group ORIGEN neutron cross sections based on the JEFF-3.0/A special purpose activation files. Advanced methods and data for neutron and gamma source energy spectral analysis are also available in the current version of the code. The ORIGEN code and associated nuclear data libraries have been extensively validated against experimental data that include spent nuclear fuel isotopic assay data for actinides and fission products, radiation source spectra, and decay heat measurements.
C1 [Gauld, Ian C.; Radulescu, Georgeta; Ilas, Germina; Murphy, Brian D.; Williams, Mark L.; Wiarda, Dorothea] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Gauld, IC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,Bldg 5700,MS 6170, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gauldi@ornl.gov
OI Radulescu, Georgeta/0000-0001-7664-1718; Gauld, Ian/0000-0002-3893-7515;
Ilas, Germina/0000-0003-4222-6393
NR 101
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 169
EP 195
PG 27
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200004
ER
PT J
AU DeHart, MD
Bowman, SM
AF DeHart, Mark D.
Bowman, Stephen M.
TI REACTOR PHYSICS METHODS AND ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES IN SCALE
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE lattice physics; reactor analysis; TRITON
AB The TRITON sequence of the SCALE code system provides a powerful, robust, and rigorous approach for performing reactor physics analysis. This paper presents a detailed description of TRITON in terms of its key components used in reactor calculations. The ability to accurately predict the nuclide composition of depleted reactor fuel is important in a wide variety of applications. These applications include, but are not limited to, the design, licensing, and operation of commercial/research reactors and spent-fuel transport/storage systems. New complex design projects such as next-generation power reactors and space reactors require new high-fidelity physics methods, such as those available in SCALE/TRITON, that accurately represent the physics associated with both evolutionary and revolutionary reactor concepts as they depart from traditional and well-understood light water reactor designs.
C1 [DeHart, Mark D.; Bowman, Stephen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP DeHart, MD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM BowmanSM@ornl.gov
OI Bowman, Stephen/0000-0002-3717-2063
NR 35
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 196
EP 213
PG 18
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200005
ER
PT J
AU Goluoglu, S
Petrie, LM
Dunn, ME
Hollenbach, DF
Rearden, BT
AF Goluoglu, Sedat
Petrie, Lester M., Jr.
Dunn, Michael E.
Hollenbach, Daniel F.
Rearden, Bradley T.
TI MONTE CARLO CRITICALITY METHODS AND ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES IN SCALE
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Monte Carlo; criticality safety; continuous energy and multigroup
AB This paper describes the Monte Carlo codes KENO V.a and KENO-VI in SCALE that are primarily used to calculate multiplication factors and flux distributions of fissile systems. Both codes allow explicit geometric representation of the target systems and are used internationally for safety analyses involving fissile materials. KENO V.a has limiting geometric rules such as no intersections and no rotations. These limitations make KENO V.a execute very efficiently and run very fast. On the other hand, KENO-VI allows very complex geometric modeling. Both KENO codes can utilize either continuous-energy or multigroup cross-section data and have been thoroughly verified and validated with ENDF libraries through ENDF/B-VII.0, which has been first distributed with SCALE 6. Development of the Monte Carlo solution technique and solution methodology as applied in both KENO codes is explained in this paper. Available options and proper application of the options and techniques are also discussed. Finally, performance of the codes is demonstrated using published benchmark problems.
C1 [Goluoglu, Sedat; Petrie, Lester M., Jr.; Dunn, Michael E.; Hollenbach, Daniel F.; Rearden, Bradley T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Goluoglu, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,Bldg 5700,MS 6170, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM goluoglus@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle,
LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 11
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 214
EP 235
PG 22
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200006
ER
PT J
AU Rearden, BT
Williams, ML
Jessee, MA
Mueller, DE
Wiarda, DA
AF Rearden, B. T.
Williams, M. L.
Jessee, M. A.
Mueller, D. E.
Wiarda, D. A.
TI SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES AND DATA IN SCALE
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE SCALE; sensitivity and uncertainty analysis; code and data validation
ID PERTURBATION-THEORY; COVARIANCES; RATIOS
AB In SCALE 6, the Tools for Sensitivity and UNcertainty Analysis Methodology Implementation (TSUNAMI) modules calculate the sensitivity of k(eff) or reactivity differences to the neutron cross-section data on an energy-dependent, nuclide-reaction-specific basis. These sensitivity data are useful for uncertainty quantification, using the comprehensive neutron cross-section-covariance data in SCALE 6. Additional modules in SCALE 6 use the sensitivity and uncertainty data to produce correlation coefficients and other relational parameters that quantify the similarity of benchmark experiments to application systems for code validation purposes. Bias and bias uncertainties are quantified using parametric trending analysis or data adjustment techniques, providing detailed assessments of sources of biases and their uncertainties and quantifying gaps in experimental data available for validation. An example application of these methods is presented for a generic burnup credit cask model.
C1 [Rearden, B. T.; Williams, M. L.; Jessee, M. A.; Mueller, D. E.; Wiarda, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Rearden, BT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,Bldg 5700,MS-6170, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM reardenb@ornl.gov
OI Jessee, Matthew/0000-0003-2954-4995
NR 40
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 236
EP 288
PG 53
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200007
ER
PT J
AU Peplow, DE
AF Peplow, Douglas E.
TI MONTE CARLO SHIELDING ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES WITH MAVRIC
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Monte Carlo; variance reduction; shielding
ID CALCULATED NEUTRON TRANSMISSION; AUTOMATED VARIANCE REDUCTION; CF-252
SOURCE
AB Monte Carlo shielding analysis capabilities in SCALE 6 are centered on the Consistent Adjoint Driven Importance Sampling (CADIS) methodology. CADIS is used to create an importance map for space/energy weight windows as well as a biased source distribution. New to SCALE 6 are the Monaco functional module, a multi-group fixed-source Monte Carlo transport code, and the Monaco with Automated Variance Reduction using Importance Calculations (MAVRIC) sequence. MAVRIC uses the Denovo code (also new to SCALE 6) to compute coarse-mesh discrete ordinates solutions that are used by CADIS to form an importance map and biased source distribution for the Monaco Monte Carlo code. MAVRIC allows the user to optimize the Monaco calculation for a specific tally using the CADIS method with little extra input compared with a standard Monte Carlo calculation. When computing several tallies at once or a mesh tally over a large volume of space, an extension of the CADIS method called FW-CADIS can be used to help the Monte Carlo simulation spread particles over phase space to obtain more uniform relative uncertainties.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Peplow, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Div, POB 2008,Bldg 5700, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM peplowde@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed and operated by UT-Battelle,
LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 24
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
SI SI
BP 289
EP 313
PG 25
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757BY
UT WOS:000290060200008
ER
PT J
AU Lany, S
AF Lany, Stephan
TI Predicting polaronic defect states by means of generalized Koopmans
density functional calculations
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE defects; density functional theory; hybrid functionals; polarons
ID P-TYPE ZNO; DERIVATIVE DISCONTINUITIES; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GROUND-STATE; BAND-GAPS; LITHIUM; OXIDE;
APPROXIMATIONS; ELECTRONS
AB Lattice defects in semiconductors and wide-gap materials which create deep levels in an open-shell electronic configuration can give rise to so-called defect bound small polarons. This type of defects present a challenge for electronic structure methods because the localization of the defect state and the associated energy levels depend sensitively on the ability of the total-energy functional to satisfy the physical condition that the energy E(N) must be a piecewise linear function of the fractional electron number N. For practical applications the requirement of a linear E(N) is re-cast as a generalized Koopmans condition. Since most functionals do not fulfill this condition accurately, we use parameterized perturbations that cancel the non-linearity of E(N) and recover the correct Koopmans behavior. Starting from standard density functionals, we compare two types of parameterized perturbations, i.e., the addition of on-site potentials and the mixing of non-local Fock exchange in hybrid-functionals. Surveying a range of acceptor-type defects in II-VI and III-V semiconductors, we present a classification scheme that describes the relation between hole localization and the lattice relaxation of the polaronic state. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lany, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM stephan.lany@nrel.gov
OI Lany, Stephan/0000-0002-8127-8885
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 and used high performance computing
resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center.
NR 75
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 248
IS 5
BP 1052
EP 1060
DI 10.1002/pssb.201046274
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 756FS
UT WOS:000289997700003
ER
PT J
AU Yu, PY
AF Yu, Peter Y.
TI High pressure semiconductor physics: Looking toward the future on the
shoulder of the past
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE high pressure; multi-ferroics; phonon dispersion; semiconductors;
topological insulators
ID CHALCOPYRITE SEMICONDUCTORS; DX-CENTER; DEPENDENCE; GETE; DONOR; GAP;
GPA; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FERROMAGNETISM; METALLIZATION
AB High pressure measurements attracted attention from the Semiconductor Physics community after the discovery of William Paul's Empirical Rule. The technique gained further momentum with the invention of the diamond-anvils high pressure cell. Since diamond is transparent from near IR to near UV many forms of optical spectroscopy (such as photoluminescence, modulation spectroscopy, and Raman scattering) have now been routinely carried out under high pressure. The fact that diamonds are also transparent to X-ray means structural phase transitions induced by pressure can be studied together with optical measurements. Further advances, such as electrical and magnetic measurements under hydrostatic (and sometimes quasi-hydrostatic) high pressure conditions, have established high pressure as a general, powerful, and indispensable technique in studying semiconductors. From a review of these past achievements I will attempt to "predict" how high pressure techniques will impact semiconductor physics in the future. I will draw examples from areas as diverse as new materials for spintronics and renewable energies, topological insulators to possible multi-ferroic semiconductors. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Yu, Peter Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yu, Peter Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yu, PY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM pyyu@berkeley.edu
FU Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences Division, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX It is my pleasure to acknowledge all my former students and
collaborators for their contributions to my knowledge of high pressure
semiconductor physics. In particular, I am most indebted to Ben Welber
and Gerard Martinez for sharing generously with me their extensive
knowledge of the construction of high pressure cells. Throughout the
years my research in high pressure physics has been supported by the
Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences Division, of the US Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098.
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 31
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 248
IS 5
BP 1077
EP 1082
DI 10.1002/pssb.201000708
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 756FS
UT WOS:000289997700006
ER
PT J
AU Christensen, NE
Svane, A
Cardona, M
Chantis, AN
Laskowski, R
van Schilfgaarde, M
Kotani, T
AF Christensen, N. E.
Svane, A.
Cardona, M.
Chantis, A. N.
Laskowski, R.
van Schilfgaarde, M.
Kotani, T.
TI Calculations of quasi-particle spectra of semiconductors under pressure
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE density-functional theory; GW calculations; quasi-particle states
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; LEAD CHALCOGENIDES; INSULATORS; GAP; TIN
AB Different approximations in calculations of electronic quasi-particle states in semiconductors are compared and evaluated with respect to their validity in predictions of optical properties. The quasi-particle self-consistent GW (QSGW) approach yields values of the band gaps which are close to experiments and represents a significant improvement over "single-shot" GW calculations using local density approximation (LDA) start wavefunctions. The QSGW approximation is compared to LDA bands for a wide-gap material (CuAlO2) and materials with very small gaps, PbX (X = S, Se, and Te). For wide-gap materials QSGW overestimates the gaps by 0.3-0.8 eV, an error which is ascribed to the omission of "vertex corrections." This is confirmed by calculations of excitonic effects, by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The LDA error in predicting the binding energy of the Cu-3d states is examined and the QSGW and LDA + U approximations are compared. For PbX the spin-orbit coupling is included, and it is shown that although LDA gives a reasonable magnitude of the gap at L, only QSGW predicts the correct order of the L-6(+) and L-6(-) states and thus the correct sign (negative) of the gap pressure coefficient. The pressure-induced gap closure leads to linear (Dirac-type) band dispersions around the L point. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Christensen, N. E.; Svane, A.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Cardona, M.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Chantis, A. N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Laskowski, R.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Mat Chem, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
[van Schilfgaarde, M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Mat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Kotani, T.] Tottori Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Math, Tottori 6808552, Japan.
RP Christensen, NE (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
EM nec@phys.au.dk
RI kotani, takao/G-4355-2011;
OI kotani, takao/0000-0003-1693-7052; Chantis,
Athanasios/0000-0001-7933-0579
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 12
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
EI 1521-3951
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 248
IS 5
BP 1096
EP 1101
DI 10.1002/pssb.201001202
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 756FS
UT WOS:000289997700009
ER
PT J
AU Wu, N
LaGraffe, D
Yakovkin, IN
Dowben, PA
AF Wu, N.
LaGraffe, D.
Yakovkin, I. N.
Dowben, P. A.
TI Localization and screening in GdNi alloy films
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE charge screening; GdNi; resonant photoemission; RKKY interaction
ID NONMETAL-METAL TRANSITION; ELECTRON EFFECTIVE-MASS; RESONANT
PHOTOEMISSION; GDNI1-XCUX COMPOUNDS; THERMAL-EXPANSION; NEUTRON
DETECTION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; THIN-FILMS; OVERLAYERS; STATE
AB Gd/Ni compounds with different Gd concentration have been investigated with constant initial state spectroscopy (CIS) of photoemission utilizing the light of synchrotron radiation. The photoemission cross-sections of Gd 5d and 4f states show a strong resonance in CIS spectra at the Gd 5p absorption edge. The screenings of Gd ions by Ni 3d conduction electrons results in a dramatic suppression of the 5p(6)4f(7)5d(1)6s(2) to 5p(5)4f(7)5d(2)6s(2) resonant enhancement of photoemission valence band intensities. This decrease in the super-Coster-Kronig photoemission resonant enhancement of the valence band can be related to the hybridized Gd 5d and Ni 3d bands near the Fermi level, consistent with performed first-principles calculations of local densities of states. (C) 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Wu, N.; Dowben, P. A.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[LaGraffe, D.] US DOE, Off Proliferat Detect NA 22, Natl Nucl Secur Adm, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Yakovkin, I. N.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine.
RP Wu, N (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Dept Phys & Astron, Theodore Jorgenson Hall,855 N 16th St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM ningwu@unlserve.unl.edu
RI Wu, Ning/F-4244-2012
FU Defence Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-07-1-0008]; Nebraska Research
Initiative
FX This work was supported by the Defence Threat Reduction Agency (grant
no. HDTRA1-07-1-0008), and the Nebraska Research Initiative. The authors
are particularly grateful to Wlad Borgiel for a number of very helpful
discussions. The views expressed in this article are those of the
authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the
National Nuclear Security Administration, Department of Defence or the
US Government.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0370-1972
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 248
IS 5
BP 1253
EP 1257
DI 10.1002/pssb.201046420
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 756FS
UT WOS:000289997700042
ER
PT J
AU Karimabadi, H
Roytershteyn, V
Mouikis, CG
Kistler, LM
Daughton, W
AF Karimabadi, H.
Roytershteyn, V.
Mouikis, C. G.
Kistler, L. M.
Daughton, W.
TI Flushing effect in reconnection: Effects of minority species of oxygen
ions
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetic reconnection; Magnetotail; Oxygen; Simulation; Onset; Effects
of minority species
ID THIN CURRENT SHEET; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; FIELD; MAGNETOTAIL;
INSTABILITY; GENERATION; TAIL
AB Effects of O+ ions on magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail are examined in a Harris equilibrium using a combination of linear Vlasov theory and large-scale driven and non-driven two-dimensional fully kinetic particle simulations. Linear theory of multiple species plasma indicates that the growth rate is rather insensitive to the composition of the background (lobe) or its temperature but more sensitive to the properties of the current carriers. Thus O+ can affect significant changes to the linear growth rate of tearing mode only as a current carrier. However, it is demonstrated that in the nonlinear stage reconnection can effectively move trace material from the lobes into the current sheet proper. If the supply of lobe markers (like O+) is sufficiently permanent in the lobe, an initially proton-dominated current sheet can be virtually replaced by the marker ions through this "flushing effect". The dominance of marker ions introduces finite Larmor radius signatures with marker gyroradii scales rather than that of the protons. In this way, the presence of heavier marker species in the lobe can lead to (i) reduced efficiency of energy conversion, (ii) reduction in the number and repetition frequency of secondary islands, (iii) broadening of the quadrupole magnetic structure, (iv) slowing down of the coalescence process and (v) modification of the composition of the ion current carriers. Using Cluster observations, we show the evidence for the "flushing effect" in the data. Detailed comparison with observations is planned for future work. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Karimabadi, H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Karimabadi, H.] SciberQuest Inc, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA.
[Roytershteyn, V.; Daughton, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Mouikis, C. G.; Kistler, L. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Karimabadi, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM homakar@gmail.com
RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013;
OI Roytershteyn, Vadim/0000-0003-1745-7587
FU NASA [NNX07AF64G, NNX07AF54G]; NSF [ATM 0802380]
FX We gratefully acknowledge NASA Grant NNX07AF64G, NASA Heliophysics
Theory Program, NASA Grant NNX07AF54G, and NSF GEM Grant no. ATM
0802380. Simulations were performed using NSF's Kraken supercomputer and
NASA's Pleiades, which is provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC)
Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames
Research Center.
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 59
IS 7
SI SI
BP 526
EP 536
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2010.07.014
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 757IG
UT WOS:000290078100011
ER
PT J
AU Jensen, JK
Kim, H
Cocuron, JC
Orler, R
Ralph, J
Wilkerson, CG
AF Jensen, Jacob K.
Kim, Hoon
Cocuron, Jean-Christophe
Orler, Robert
Ralph, John
Wilkerson, Curtis G.
TI The DUF579 domain containing proteins IRX15 and IRX15-L affect xylan
synthesis in Arabidopsis
SO PLANT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE DUF579; xylan; psyllium; secondary cell wall; irx; degree of
polymerization
ID SECONDARY CELL-WALL; GLUCURONOXYLAN BIOSYNTHESIS; GOLGI-APPARATUS;
MUTANTS REVEALS; GENE; THALIANA; POLYSACCHARIDE; IDENTIFICATION;
DEFICIENT; SYNTHASE
AB Xylan is the principal hemicellulose in the secondary cell walls of eudicots and in the primary and secondary cell walls of grasses and cereals. The biosynthesis of this important cell wall component has yet to be fully determined although a number of proteins have been shown to be required for xylan synthesis. To discover new genes involved in xylan biosynthesis we explored the psyllium (Plantago ovata Forsk) seed mucilaginous layer through EST profiling. This tissue synthesizes large amounts of a complex heteroxylan over a short period of time. By comparing abundant transcripts in this tissue with abundant transcripts specifically present during secondary cell wall formation in Arabidopsis thaliana, where glucuronoxylan biosynthesis is pronounced, we identified two Arabidopsis genes likely involved in xylan biosynthesis. These genes encode proteins containing a Domain of Unknown Function (DUF) 579 and were designated IRREGULAR XYLEM (IRX) 15 and IRX15-LIKE (IRX15-L). We obtained Arabidopsis T-DNA knockout lines for the two genes and analyzed their lower stems for changes in neutral monosaccharide composition. No changes were observed in each of these mutants, although the irx15 irx15-L double mutant displayed a moderate reduction in stem xylose. Further characterization of the irx15 irx15-L mutant revealed irregular secondary cell wall margins in fiber cells and a lower xylan degree of polymerization. Through these studies we conclude that IRX15 and IRX15-L function in a redundant manner and are involved in xylan biosynthesis.
C1 [Jensen, Jacob K.; Cocuron, Jean-Christophe; Orler, Robert; Wilkerson, Curtis G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Jensen, Jacob K.; Kim, Hoon; Cocuron, Jean-Christophe; Orler, Robert; Ralph, John; Wilkerson, Curtis G.] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Kim, Hoon; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Wilkerson, Curtis G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Wilkerson, CG (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM wilker13@msu.edu
FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science)
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX We thank Christa Pennacchio and Erika Linquist (DOE Joint Genome
Institute) for high through put cDNA sequencing; Nick Thrower
(Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State
University, USA) for providing the bioinformatic expertise clustering of
the cDNA libraries; and Chris Hawes (School of Life Sciences, Oxford
Brookes University, UK) for the kind gift of the Agrobacterium strain
harboring the STtmd-CFP construct. This work was funded by the DOE Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science
DE-FC02-07ER64494).
NR 53
TC 58
Z9 65
U1 1
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0960-7412
EI 1365-313X
J9 PLANT J
JI Plant J.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 66
IS 3
BP 387
EP 400
DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04475.x
PG 14
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 754YK
UT WOS:000289893600001
PM 21288268
ER
PT J
AU Williams, PT
AF Williams, Paul T.
TI Dose-response relationship between walking and the attenuation of
inherited weight
SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gene-environment; Physical activity; Prevention; Obesity
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; VIGOROUS
EXERCISE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; FTO GENE; ADIPOSITY; TWINS; ASSOCIATION;
PREVENTION
AB Objective. Genetic factors account for 40%-70% of the variation in body mass index (BMI). We sought to test whether moderate intensity physical activity affected parent-offspring relationships for body mass index and regional adiposity in 26,587 female and 6428 male walkers surveyed in the United States in 2000.
Methods. Survey questionnaires provided self-reported usual walking distance, height, weight, and waist circumference, and mother's and father's adiposity (1 = lean, 2 = normal, 3 = overweight, and 4 = very overweight). Regression analyses were used to test whether the contribution of parental adiposities to the walkers' body mass indexes and waist circumferences diminished with walking.
Results. In the most sedentary group (walking < 1.5 km/d), average parental adiposity was a significant determinant of the walkers' body mass indexes and waist circumferences (female: P < 10(-15); male: P < 10(-13)). Greater walking distance significantly diminished the effect of average parents' adiposity on the walkers' body mass indexes (female: P < 10(-10); male P = 0.003) and waist circumferences (female: P < 10(-5); male P = 0.01). Compared to the most sedentary female walkers, the effect of parental adiposity was reduced 36% for body mass indexes and 41% for waist circumferences (corresponding reductions in men were 36% and 46%, respectively).
Conclusion. These results suggest that moderate intensity physical activity attenuates inheritance of both total and regional adiposity in a dose-dependent manner. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov
FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL094717]; Institute of
Aging, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Department
of Energy) [AG032004, DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX This research was supported by grant HL094717 from the National Heart,
Lung, and Blood Institute and AG032004 from the Institute of Aging and
was conducted at the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory (Department of Energy DE-AC03-76SF00098 to the University of
California). The author wishes to thank Ms. Kathryn Hoffman for her help
in collecting the data and reviewing the manuscript.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0091-7435
J9 PREV MED
JI Prev. Med.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 5
BP 293
EP 299
DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.03.008
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 757CO
UT WOS:000290062000001
PM 21406201
ER
PT J
AU Allen, K
Knight, T
Bays, S
AF Allen, Kenneth
Knight, Travis
Bays, Samuel
TI Actinide destruction and power peaking analysis in a 1000 MWt advanced
burner reactor using moderated heterogeneous target assemblies
SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Transmutation; Transuranic; Minor actinide; MCNPX; Fast reactor
ID TRANSMUTATION
AB The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of moderated heterogeneous subassemblies located in the core of a sodium-cooled fast reactor on minor actinide (MA) destruction rates over the lifecycle of the core. Additionally, particular emphasis was placed on the power peaking of the pins and the assemblies with the moderated targets as compared to standard unmoderated heterogeneous targets and a core without MA targets present. Power peaking analysis was performed on the target assemblies and on the fuel assemblies adjacent to the targets. The moderated subassemblies had a marked improvement in the overall destruction of heavy metals in the targets. The design with acceptable power peaking results had a 12.25% greater destruction of heavy metals than a similar ex-core unmoderated assembly. The increase in minor actinide destruction was most evident with americium where the moderated assemblies reduced the initial amount to less than 3% of the initial loading over a period of five years core residency. In order to take advantage of the high minor actinide destruction and minimize the power peaking effects, a hybrid scenario was devised where the targets resided ex-core in a moderated assembly for the first 506.9 effective full power days (EFPDs) and were moved to an in-core arrangement with the moderated targets removed for the remainder of the lifecycle. The hybrid model had an assembly and pin power peaking of less than 2.0 and a higher heavy metal and minor actinide destruction rate than the standard unmoderated heterogeneous targets either in-core or ex-core. The hybrid model has a 54.5% greater Am reduction over the standard ex-core model. It also had a 27.8% greater production of Cm and a 41.5% greater production of Pu than the standard ex-core model. The radiotoxicity of the targets in the hybrid design was 20% less than the discharged standard ex-core targets. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Allen, Kenneth; Knight, Travis] Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Bays, Samuel] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83403 USA.
RP Allen, K (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Nucl Engn Program, 300 Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM allenks@email.sc.edu; knighttw@engr.sc.edu; Samuel.Bays@inl.gov
OI Knight, Travis/0000-0002-8517-7395
FU Idaho National Laboratory
FX Funding for this research was provided in part through a subcontract
with Idaho National Laboratory. The University of South Carolina uses
ERANOS on its high performance computer via a license agreement with
Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique in France.
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0149-1970
J9 PROG NUCL ENERG
JI Prog. Nucl. Energy
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 53
IS 4
BP 375
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.pnucene.2011.01.010
PG 20
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 757IW
UT WOS:000290079700010
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, NL
Heazlewood, JL
Millar, AH
AF Taylor, Nicolas L.
Heazlewood, Joshua L.
Millar, A. Harvey
TI The Arabidopsis thaliana 2-D gel mitochondrial proteome: Refining the
value of reference maps for assessing protein abundance, contaminants
and post-translational modifications
SO PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arabidopsis; Mass spectra; Mitochondrial proteome; Multidimensional gel
experiments; Plant proteomics; Phosphorylation
ID PLANT-SPECIFIC SUBUNITS; COMPLEX-I; POLYPEPTIDE COMPOSITION;
PHOSPHORYLATION SITES; RESPIRATORY-FUNCTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; DATABASE; ELECTROPHORESIS
AB Mitochondria undertake the process of oxidative phosphorylation yielding ATP for plant cell maintenance and growth. The principles of isolation and fractionation of plant mitochondrial proteins have been improved over decades, and surveys of the mitochondrial proteome in a number of plants species have been performed. Over time, many quantitative analyses of changes in the plant mitochondrial proteome have been performed by 2-D gel analyses revealing the induction, degradation and modification of mitochondrial proteins in responses to mutation, stress and development. Here, we present a saturating MS analysis of 2-D gel separable protein spots from a typical purification of Arabidopsis mitochondria identifying 264 proteins, alongside an LC-MS/MS survey by non-gel methods identifying 220 proteins. This allowed us to characterise the major mitochondrial proteins that are not observed on 2-D gels, the common contaminants and the abundance of the protein machinery of key mitochondrial biochemical pathways, and consider the impact of N-terminal pre-sequence cleavage and phosphorylation as explanations of multiple protein spots and the co-ordinates of proteins on 2-D gels.
C1 [Taylor, Nicolas L.; Heazlewood, Joshua L.; Millar, A. Harvey] Univ Western Australia, ARC Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Taylor, Nicolas L.; Millar, A. Harvey] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Comparat Anal Biomol Networks, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Millar, AH (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, ARC Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol, 4th Floor MCS Bldg M316,35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
EM harvey.millar@uwa.edu.au
RI Millar, A. Harvey/A-5452-2008; Heazlewood, Joshua/A-2554-2008; Taylor,
Nicolas/A-5731-2008
OI Millar, A. Harvey/0000-0001-9679-1473; Heazlewood,
Joshua/0000-0002-2080-3826; Taylor, Nicolas/0000-0003-2004-5217
FU Australian Research Council (ARC); ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant
Energy Biology; United States Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through the Joint
BioEnergy Institute [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through
an Australian Professorial Fellow (AHM) and by the ARC Centre of
Excellence in Plant Energy Biology. This work was also supported by the
United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, through the Joint BioEnergy
Institute (contract DE-AC02-05CH11231) between Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory and the U. S. Department of Energy.
NR 62
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1615-9853
J9 PROTEOMICS
JI Proteomics
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 11
IS 9
SI SI
BP 1720
EP 1733
DI 10.1002/pmic.201000620
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 756YP
UT WOS:000290051000014
PM 21472856
ER
PT J
AU Herranz, T
Santos, B
McCarty, KF
de la Figuera, J
AF Herranz, T.
Santos, B.
McCarty, K. F.
de la Figuera, J.
TI Real-space study of the growth of magnesium on ruthenium
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE LEEM; Metal epitaxy; Magnesium; Ruthenium; Low energy electron
microscopy; Scanning tunneling microscopy
ID RU(0001)
AB The growth of magnesium on ruthenium has been studied by low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). In LEEM, a layer-by-layer growth is observed except in the first monolayer, where the completion of the first layer in inferred by a clear peak in electron reflectivity. Desorption from the films is readily observable at 400 K. Real-space STM and low-energy electron diffraction confirm that sub-monolayer coverage presents a moire pattern with a 12 angstrom periodicity, which evolves with further Mg deposition by compressing the Mg layer to a 22 A periodicity. Layer-by-layer growth is followed in LEEM up to 10 ML On films several ML thick a substantial density of stacking faults are observed by dark-field imaging on large terraces of the substrate, while screw dislocations appear in the stepped areas. The latter are suggested to result from the mismatch in heights of the Mg and Ru steps. Quantum size effect oscillations in the reflected LEEM intensity are observed as a function of thickness, indicating an abrupt Mg/Ru interface. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Herranz, T.; Santos, B.; de la Figuera, J.] CSIC, Inst Quim Fis Rocasolano, Madrid 28006, Spain.
[McCarty, K. F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Herranz, T (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Quim Fis Rocasolano, Madrid 28006, Spain.
EM tirma.herranz@gmail.com
RI Herranz, Tirma/A-8656-2008; de la Figuera, Juan/E-7046-2010; McCarty,
Kevin/F-9368-2012
OI de la Figuera, Juan/0000-0002-7014-4777; McCarty,
Kevin/0000-0002-8601-079X
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials and Engineering
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Spanish
Ministry of Science and Innovation [MAT2009-14578-C03-01]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Materials and Engineering Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000, and by the Spanish Ministry
of Science and Innovation through Project no. MAT2009-14578-C03-01.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 605
IS 9-10
BP 903
EP 911
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2011.02.002
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 756YL
UT WOS:000290050600011
ER
PT J
AU Gschneidner, K
AF Gschneidner, Karl
TI Rare Talents
SO TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Gschneidner, Karl] US DOE, Ames Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Gschneidner, Karl] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Gschneidner, K (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU TECHNOL REV
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1 MAIN ST, 13 FLR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA
SN 1099-274X
J9 TECHNOL REV
JI Technol. Rev.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 114
IS 3
SI SI
BP 13
EP 13
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 755SU
UT WOS:000289957600013
ER
PT J
AU Dandoloff, R
Jensen, B
Saxena, A
AF Dandoloff, Rossen
Jensen, Bjorn
Saxena, Avadh
TI Transparent quantum waveguide
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We present an alternative approach to the teaching of introductory quantum mechanics by considering the interaction between a particle and a waveguide. We focus on the accumulated phase when the particle travels across a waveguide composed of an arbitrary number of rectangular sections and show that the condition for resonant transmission can be deduced to leading order by simple algebra. (C) 2011 American Association of Physics Teachers. [DOI: 10.1119/1.3553460]
C1 [Dandoloff, Rossen] Univ Cergy Pontoise, Lab Phys Theor & Modelisat, F-95302 Cergy Pontoise, France.
[Jensen, Bjorn] Vestfold Univ Coll, Dept Micro & Nanosyst Technol, N-3103 Tonsberg, Norway.
[Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Saxena, Avadh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Dandoloff, R (reprint author), Univ Cergy Pontoise, Lab Phys Theor & Modelisat, F-95302 Cergy Pontoise, France.
EM rossen.dandoloff@u-cergy.fr; bjorn.jensen@hive.no; avadh@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Universite de Cergy-Pontoise
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (A.S.)
and in part by Universite de Cergy-Pontoise (B.J.).
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0002-9505
J9 AM J PHYS
JI Am. J. Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 79
IS 5
BP 532
EP 535
DI 10.1119/1.3553460
PG 4
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA 750WP
UT WOS:000289579100014
ER
PT J
AU Magana, D
Parul, D
Dyer, RB
Shreve, AP
AF Magana, Donny
Parul, Dzmitry
Dyer, R. Brian
Shreve, Andrew P.
TI Implementation of Time-Resolved Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared
(FT-IR) Spectroscopy Using a kHz Repetition Rate Pump Laser
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Spectroscopic instrumentation; Infrared spectroscopy; Time-resolved
spectroscopy; Time-resolved step-scan Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy; FT-IR spectroscopy; Nanosecond phenomena
ID TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; EXCITED-STATES; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY;
CARBONMONOXY-MYOGLOBIN; MIDINFRARED SPECTRUM; DYNAMICS; CO;
BACTERIORHODOPSIN; MONOXIDE; BAND
AB Time-resolved step-scan Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has been shown to be invaluable for studying excited-state structures and dynamics in both biological and inorganic systems. Despite the established utility of this method, technical challenges continue to limit the data quality and more wide ranging applications. A critical problem has been the low laser repetition rate and interferometer stepping rate (both are typically 10 Hz) used for data acquisition. Here we demonstrate significant improvement in the quality of time-resolved spectra through the use of a kHz repetition rate laser to achieve kHz excitation and data collection rates while stepping the spectrometer at 200 Hz. We have studied the metal-to-ligand charge transfer excited state of Ru(bipyridine)(3)Cl(2) in deuterated acetonitrile to test and optimize high repetition rate data collection. Comparison of different interferometer stepping rates reveals an optimum rate of 200 Hz due to minimization of long-term baseline drift. With the improved collection efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio, better assignments of the MLCT excited-state bands can be made. Using optimized parameters, carbonmonoxy myoglobin in deuterated buffer is also studied by observing the infrared signatures of carbon monoxide photolysis upon excitation of the heme. We conclude from these studies that a substantial increase in performance of ss-FT-IR instrumentation is achieved by coupling commercial infrared benches with kHz repetition rate lasers.
C1 [Magana, Donny; Parul, Dzmitry; Dyer, R. Brian] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Shreve, Andrew P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Dyer, RB (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM briandyer@emory.edu; shreve@lanl.gov
FU Department of Energy through the Los Alamos National Laboratory;
National Institute of General Medical Science [GM068036]; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We acknowledge support from the Department of Energy through the Los
Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program (D.M., R.B.D.) and the National
Institute of General Medical Science, Grant GM068036 (D.P., R.B.D.).
This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences user facility (A.P.S.). Los Alamos National Laboratory, an
affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos
National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration
of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 25
PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
PI FREDERICK
PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA
SN 0003-7028
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 65
IS 5
BP 535
EP 542
DI 10.1366/10-06179
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA 752OY
UT WOS:000289703200012
PM 21513597
ER
PT J
AU Li, Q
Beilicke, M
Lee, K
Garson, A
Guo, Q
Martin, J
Yin, Y
Dowkontt, P
De Geronimo, G
Jung, I
Krawczynski, H
AF Li, Qiang
Beilicke, M.
Lee, Kuen
Garson, Alfred, III
Guo, Q.
Martin, Jerrad
Yin, Y.
Dowkontt, P.
De Geronimo, G.
Jung, I.
Krawczynski, H.
TI Study of thick CZT detectors for X-ray and Gamma-ray astronomy
SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CdZnTe; X-ray and Gamma-ray
ID CDZNTE DETECTORS; CMOS; PERFORMANCE; IMAGER
AB CdZnTe (CZT) is a wide bandgap II-VI semiconductor developed for the spectroscopic detection of X-rays and gamma-rays at room temperature. The Swift Burst Alert Telescope is using an 5240 cm(2) array of 2 mm thick CZT detectors for the detection of 15-150 key X-rays from Gamma-ray Bursts. We report on the systematic tests of thicker ( >= 0.5 cm) CZT detectors with volumes between 2 cm(3) and 4 cm(3) which are potential detector choices for a number of future X-ray telescopes that operate in the 10 keV to a few MeV energy range. The detectors contacted in our laboratory achieve Full Width Half Maximum energy resolutions of 2.7 key (4.5%) at 59 keV, 3 keV (2.5%) at 122 key and 4 key (0.6%) at 662 keV. The 59 keV and 122 keV energy resolutions are among the world-best results for >= 0.5 cm thick CZT detectors. We use the data set to study trends of how the energy resolution depends on the detector thickness and on the pixel pitch. Unfortunately, we do not find clear trends, indicating that even for the extremely good energy resolutions reported here, the achievable energy resolutions are largely determined by the properties of individual crystals. Somewhat surprisingly, we achieve the reported results without applying a correction of the anode signals for the depth of the interaction. Measuring the interaction depths thus does not seem to be a pre-requisite for achieving sub-1% energy resolutions at 662 keV. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Qiang] NW Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.
[Li, Qiang; Beilicke, M.; Lee, Kuen; Garson, Alfred, III; Guo, Q.; Martin, Jerrad; Yin, Y.; Dowkontt, P.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[De Geronimo, G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Jung, I.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
RP Li, Q (reprint author), NW Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.
EM qli@physics.wustl.edu
FU NASA [NNX07AH37G, NNX10AJ56G]; DHS [2007DN077ER0002]
FX This work is supported by NASA under contract NNX07AH37G and NNX10AJ56G,
and the DHS under contract 2007DN077ER0002. We thank electrical engineer
R. Bose and technicians G. Simburger and D. Braun for their support.
NR 29
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-6505
J9 ASTROPART PHYS
JI Astropart Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 34
IS 10
BP 769
EP 777
DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.01.013
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 753HD
UT WOS:000289762000003
ER
PT J
AU Hansey, CN
de Leon, N
AF Hansey, Candice N.
de Leon, Natalia
TI Biomass Yield and Cell Wall Composition of Corn with Alternative
Morphologies Planted at Variable Densities
SO CROP SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ZEA-MAYS L.; RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES;
BROWN-MIDRIB; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; LIGNIN CONTENT;
FORAGE MAIZE; DIGESTIBILITY; SORGHUM
AB The demand for biofeedstocks is increasing with the growth of the biofuel industry. Mutations such as grassy tillers1 (gt1), which increase the number of primary lateral branches (tillers) from below ground nodes, as well as Corngrass1 (Cg1), which alters cell wall composition, are hypothesized to increase theoretical ethanol yield on a per hectare basis. To test this, gt1 isogenic hybrids and Cg1 hybrids were evaluated at two densities (20,000 and 70,000 plants ha(-1)). Stover samples were collected at grain physiological maturity and evaluated for cell wall composition. The effect of density treatment was significant for grain, stover, whole plant yield, and acid detergent lignin (ADL) on the whole data set (p = 0.05). Negative correlations were observed between stover yield and cell wall composition traits, while positive correlations were observed among compositional traits. The Cg1 hybrids were the lowest yielding hybrids and had higher ADL than the commercial checks. Tiller number was positively correlated with grain, stover, and whole plant yield at the low density. Homozygous gt1/gt1 hybrids planted at low density were not different than their wild-type counterparts planted at high density for stover yield. The ability of tillering plants to equate biomass production of their wild-type counterparts at nearly four times higher density demonstrates the utility in exploring alternative plant morphologies in an effort to meet the needs of the biofuel industry.
C1 [de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP de Leon, N (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM ndeleongatti@wisc.edu
FU University of Wisconsin - Madison; USDA National Institute of Food and
Agriculture (NIFA) [WIS01335]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dustin Eilert, Julianne Smith,
Bill Kojis, and Bob Vogelzang for technical assistance. We are also
grateful for support provided by the D. C. Smith and Gabelman-Shippo
Graduate Fellowship programs at the University of Wisconsin - Madison.
Funding has been provided for this research and publication from the
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) project WIS01335.
This work was funded in part by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research
Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494).
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 19
PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0011-183X
J9 CROP SCI
JI Crop Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 3
BP 1005
EP 1015
DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0490
PG 11
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 752SJ
UT WOS:000289713900010
ER
PT J
AU Bergano, M
Fernandes, F
Cupido, L
Barbosa, D
Fonseca, R
Ferreira, I
Grossan, B
Smoot, G
AF Bergano, Miguel
Fernandes, Francisco
Cupido, Luis
Barbosa, Domingos
Fonseca, Rui
Ferreira, Ivan
Grossan, Bruce
Smoot, George
TI Digital complex correlator for a C-band polarimetry survey
SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE Instrumentation: polarimeters; Digital correlators; Radio astronomy;
Microwave background
ID RADIO ASTRONOMY; POLARIZATION; INTERFEROMETER; EMISSION; GHZ
AB The international Galactic Emission Mapping project aims to map and characterize the polarization field of the Milky Way. In Portugal it will map the sky polarized emission of the Northern Hemisphere in C-band and provide templates for map calibration and foreground control of microwave space data to be provided by ESA Planck Surveyor mission and later missions. The receiver system is equipped with a novel receiver with a full digital back-end using a low-cost Field Programmable Gate Array without compromising its performance relation. This new digital backend comprises a base-band complex cross-correlator outputting the four Stokes parameters of the incoming polarized radiation. In this document we describe the design and implementation of the complex correlator using the FPGA and the dedicated digitizers at each receiver arm, detailing the method applied at the several algorithm stages. This correlator is suitable for large sky area polarization continuum surveys.
C1 [Bergano, Miguel; Barbosa, Domingos; Fonseca, Rui] Inst Telecomunicacoes, Radio Astron Grp, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[Cupido, Luis] Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Fonseca, Rui] Univ Aveiro, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[Ferreira, Ivan] Univ Brasilia, Inst Fis, Lab Plasmas, BR-70919970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Ferreira, Ivan] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Grossan, Bruce; Smoot, George] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Barbosa, D (reprint author), Inst Telecomunicacoes, Radio Astron Grp, Campus Univ Santiago, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
EM jbergano@av.it.pt; cupido@ua.pt; dbarbosa@av.it.pt;
Bruce_Grossan@lbl.gov
OI Barbosa, Domingos/0000-0002-5191-7826; Ferreira,
Ivan/0000-0003-3646-7756
FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
[PTDC/CTE-AST/65925/2006, POCI/CTE-AST/57209/2004]; COMPETE; QREN;
PANORAMA project
FX The team acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT) for the financial support through projects
PTDC/CTE-AST/65925/2006, POCI/CTE-AST/57209/2004. RF acknowledges
support from FCT through a PhD grant. DB is supported through a Ciencia
2007 grant, funded by COMPETE and QREN programs. MB acknowledges support
from PANORAMA project. The team acknowledges the anonymous referee for
invaluable comments and corrections to the paper.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0922-6435
J9 EXP ASTRON
JI Exp. Astron.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 30
IS 1
BP 23
EP 37
DI 10.1007/s10686-011-9217-6
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 753TC
UT WOS:000289801600002
ER
PT J
AU Horava, P
Melby-Thompson, CM
AF Horava, Petr
Melby-Thompson, Charles M.
TI Anisotropic conformal infinity
SO GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION
LA English
DT Article
DE AdS/CFT correspondence; Holography for nonrelativistic field theories;
Lifshitz and Schrodinger spacetimes; Conformal infinity of spacetime;
Anisotropic scaling
AB We generalize Penrose's notion of conformal infinity of spacetime, to situations with anisotropic scaling. This is relevant not only for Lifshitz-type anisotropic gravity models, but also in standard general relativity and string theory, for spacetimes exhibiting a natural asymptotic anisotropy. Examples include the Lifshitz and Schrodinger spaces (proposed as AdS/CFT duals of nonrelativistic field theories), warped AdS (3), and the near-horizon extreme Kerr geometry. The anisotropic conformal boundary appears crucial for resolving puzzles of holographic renormalization in such spacetimes.
C1 [Horava, Petr; Melby-Thompson, Charles M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Horava, Petr; Melby-Thompson, Charles M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Horava, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM horava@berkeley.edu
FU NSF [PHY-0555662, PHY-0855653]; DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Berkeley Center
for Theoretical Physics
FX We wish to thank Stephane Detournay for useful discussions. The results
presented in this paper were announced by one of us (PH) at Strings 2009
in Rome (June 2009), and at the Quantum Criticality and AdS/CFT
Correspondence Miniprogram at KITP, Santa Barbara (July 2009); PH wishes
to thank the orgainzers for their hospitality. This work has been
supported by NSF Grants PHY-0555662 and PHY-0855653, DOE Grant
DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics.
NR 19
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0001-7701
J9 GEN RELAT GRAVIT
JI Gen. Relativ. Gravit.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 43
IS 5
BP 1391
EP 1400
DI 10.1007/s10714-010-1117-y
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles
& Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 752ZL
UT WOS:000289733900010
ER
PT J
AU Foster, I
AF Foster, Ian
TI Globus Online Accelerating and Democratizing Science through Cloud-Based
Services
SO IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
AB Many businesses today save time and money, and increase their agility, by outsourcing mundane IT tasks to cloud providers. The author argues that similar methods can be used to overcome the complexities inherent in increasingly data-intensive, computational, and collaborative scientific research. He describes Globus Online, a system that he and his colleagues are developing to realize this vision.
C1 [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Foster, I (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM foster@anl.gov
FU University of Chicago; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US
National Science Foundation [OCI-534113]
FX Globus Online is the work of many people in the Computation Institute
and partner institutions: see www.globusonline.org for details. This
work is supported by the University of Chicago; the US Department of
Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357; and the US National
Science Foundation, under contract OCI-534113.
NR 8
TC 74
Z9 75
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1089-7801
J9 IEEE INTERNET COMPUT
JI IEEE Internet Comput.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 15
IS 3
BP 70
EP 73
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 753PA
UT WOS:000289790600012
ER
PT J
AU Gorton, I
Wynne, A
Liu, Y
Yin, J
AF Gorton, Ian
Wynne, Adam
Liu, Yan
Yin, Jian
TI Components in the Pipeline
SO IEEE SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Gorton, Ian; Wynne, Adam; Liu, Yan; Yin, Jian] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Gorton, I (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ian.gorton@pnl.gov; adam.wynne@pnl.gov; yan.liu@pnl.gov;
jian.yin@pnl.gov
NR 8
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0740-7459
J9 IEEE SOFTWARE
JI IEEE Softw.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 3
BP 34
EP 40
DI 10.1109/MS.2011.23
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 754PG
UT WOS:000289867500009
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DA
Suen, G
Bruce, D
Copeland, A
Cheng, JF
Detter, C
Goodwin, LA
Han, CS
Hauser, LJ
Land, ML
Lapidus, A
Lucas, S
Meincke, L
Pitluck, S
Tapia, R
Teshima, H
Woyke, T
Fox, BG
Angert, ER
Currie, CR
AF Miller, David A.
Suen, Garret
Bruce, David
Copeland, Alex
Cheng, Jan-Feng
Detter, Chris
Goodwin, Lynne A.
Han, Cliff S.
Hauser, Loren J.
Land, Miriam L.
Lapidus, Alla
Lucas, Susan
Meincke, Linda
Pitluck, Sam
Tapia, Roxanne
Teshima, Hazuki
Woyke, Tanja
Fox, Brian G.
Angert, Esther R.
Currie, Cameron R.
TI Complete Genome Sequence of the Cellulose-Degrading Bacterium
Cellulosilyticum lentocellum
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOSTRIDIUM-LENTOCELLUM; ACETIC-ACID; RNA GENES; RUMINICOLA; CONVERSION;
BIOMASS; RUMEN; NOV
AB Cellulosilyticum lentocellum DSM 5427 is an anaerobic, endospore-forming member of the Firmicutes. We describe the complete genome sequence of this cellulose-degrading bacterium, which was originally isolated from estuarine sediment of a river that received both domestic and paper mill waste. Comparative genomics of cellulolytic clostridia will provide insight into factors that influence degradation rates.
C1 [Miller, David A.; Angert, Esther R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Suen, Garret; Fox, Brian G.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Suen, Garret; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI USA.
[Bruce, David; Copeland, Alex; Cheng, Jan-Feng; Detter, Chris; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Han, Cliff S.; Hauser, Loren J.; Land, Miriam L.; Lapidus, Alla; Lucas, Susan; Pitluck, Sam; Tapia, Roxanne; Teshima, Hazuki; Woyke, Tanja] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA.
[Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Goodwin, Lynne A.; Han, Cliff S.; Meincke, Linda; Tapia, Roxanne; Teshima, Hazuki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Hauser, Loren J.; Land, Miriam L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Fox, Brian G.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI USA.
RP Angert, ER (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Microbiol, 157B Wing Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM era23@cornell.edu; currie@bact.wisc.edu
RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land,
Miriam/A-6200-2011;
OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031;
Suen, Garret/0000-0002-6170-711X
FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science)
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494) supporting G.S., B.G.F.,
and C.R.C. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy JGI was
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 15
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 193
IS 9
BP 2357
EP 2358
DI 10.1128/JB.00239-11
PG 2
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 752DU
UT WOS:000289670000035
PM 21398547
ER
PT J
AU van Passel, MWJ
Kant, R
Palva, A
Copeland, A
Lucas, S
Lapidus, A
del Rio, TG
Pitluck, S
Goltsman, E
Clum, A
Sun, H
Schmutz, J
Larimer, FW
Land, ML
Hauser, L
Kyrpides, N
Mikhailova, N
Richardson, PP
Janssen, PH
de Vos, WM
Smidt, H
AF van Passel, Mark W. J.
Kant, Ravi
Palva, Airi
Copeland, Alex
Lucas, Susan
Lapidus, Alla
del Rio, Tijana Glavina
Pitluck, Sam
Goltsman, Eugene
Clum, Alicia
Sun, Hui
Schmutz, Jeremy
Larimer, Frank W.
Land, Miriam L.
Hauser, Loren
Kyrpides, Nikolaos
Mikhailova, Natalia
Richardson, P. Paul
Janssen, Peter H.
de Vos, Willem M.
Smidt, Hauke
TI Genome Sequence of the Verrucomicrobium Opitutus terrae PB90-1, an
Abundant Inhabitant of Rice Paddy Soil Ecosystems
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BACTERIAL DESCENT; RNA GENES; PREDICTION; CULTURE; LINEAGE
AB Bacteria of the deeply branching phylum Verrucomicrobia are rarely cultured yet commonly detected in metagenomic libraries from aquatic, terrestrial, and intestinal environments. We have sequenced the genome of Opitutus terrae PB90-1, a fermentative anaerobe within this phylum, isolated from rice paddy soil and capable of propionate production from plant-derived polysaccharides.
C1 [van Passel, Mark W. J.; de Vos, Willem M.; Smidt, Hauke] Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Kant, Ravi; Palva, Airi; de Vos, Willem M.] Univ Helsinki, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Copeland, Alex; Lucas, Susan; Lapidus, Alla; del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Pitluck, Sam; Goltsman, Eugene; Clum, Alicia; Sun, Hui; Kyrpides, Nikolaos; Mikhailova, Natalia; Richardson, P. Paul] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Pitluck, Sam; Goltsman, Eugene; Clum, Alicia; Sun, Hui; Kyrpides, Nikolaos; Mikhailova, Natalia; Richardson, P. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lucas, Susan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Schmutz, Jeremy] HudsonAlpha Genome Sequencing Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA.
[Larimer, Frank W.; Land, Miriam L.; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Janssen, Peter H.] AgResearch Ltd, Grasslands Res Ctr, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
RP Smidt, H (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Microbiol Lab, Dreijenpl 10, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM Hauke.Smidt@wur.nl
RI Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Hauser,
Loren/H-3881-2012; Kant, Ravi/F-7025-2013; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014;
Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013;
OI Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031;
Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731;
Smidt, Hauke/0000-0002-6138-5026; Janssen, Peter/0000-0002-1022-3502
FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Center of
Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research (MiFoSa), Academy of
Finland
FX M.W.J.V.P. is funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific
Research (NWO) via a VENI grant. R.K. was supported by Center of
Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research (MiFoSa), Academy of
Finland.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 141
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 193
IS 9
BP 2367
EP 2368
DI 10.1128/JB.00228-11
PG 2
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 752DU
UT WOS:000289670000040
PM 21398538
ER
PT J
AU van Passel, MWJ
Kant, R
Palva, A
Lucas, S
Copeland, A
Lapidus, A
del Rio, TG
Dalin, E
Tice, H
Bruce, D
Goodwin, L
Pitluck, S
Davenport, KW
Sims, D
Brettin, TS
Detter, JC
Han, SS
Larimer, FW
Land, ML
Hauser, L
Kyrpides, N
Ovchinnikova, G
Richardson, PP
de Vos, WM
Smidt, H
Zoetendal, EG
AF van Passel, Mark W. J.
Kant, Ravi
Palva, Airi
Lucas, Susan
Copeland, Alex
Lapidus, Alla
del Rio, Tijana Glavina
Dalin, Eileen
Tice, Hope
Bruce, David
Goodwin, Lynne
Pitluck, Sam
Davenport, Karen Walston
Sims, David
Brettin, Thomas S.
Detter, John C.
Han, Shunsheng
Larimer, Frank W.
Land, Miriam L.
Hauser, Loren
Kyrpides, Nikolaos
Ovchinnikova, Galina
Richardson, P. Paul
de Vos, Willem M.
Smidt, Hauke
Zoetendal, Erwin G.
TI Genome Sequence of Victivallis vadensis ATCC BAA-548, an Anaerobic
Bacterium from the Phylum Lentisphaerae, Isolated from the Human
Gastrointestinal Tract
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GEN. NOV.; RNA GENES; PREDICTION
AB Victivallis vadensis ATCC BAA-548 represents the first cultured representative from the novel phylum Lentisphaerae, a deep-branching bacterial lineage. Few cultured bacteria from this phylum are known, and V. vadensis therefore represents an important organism for evolutionary studies. V. vadensis is a strictly anaerobic sugar-fermenting isolate from the human gastrointestinal tract.
C1 [van Passel, Mark W. J.; de Vos, Willem M.; Smidt, Hauke; Zoetendal, Erwin G.] Univ Wageningen, Microbiol Lab, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Kant, Ravi; Palva, Airi; de Vos, Willem M.] Univ Helsinki, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Lucas, Susan; Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Pitluck, Sam; Kyrpides, Nikolaos; Ovchinnikova, Galina; Richardson, P. Paul] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Lucas, Susan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Copeland, Alex; Lapidus, Alla; del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Dalin, Eileen; Tice, Hope; Pitluck, Sam; Kyrpides, Nikolaos; Ovchinnikova, Galina; Richardson, P. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bruce, David; Goodwin, Lynne; Davenport, Karen Walston; Detter, John C.; Han, Shunsheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Sims, David] HudsonAlpha Genome Sequencing Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA.
[Brettin, Thomas S.; Larimer, Frank W.; Land, Miriam L.; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Zoetendal, EG (reprint author), Univ Wageningen, Microbiol Lab, Dreijenpl 10, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM Erwin.Zoetendal@wur.nl
RI Hauser, Loren/H-3881-2012; Kant, Ravi/F-7025-2013; Lapidus,
Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014;
OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031;
Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462; Smidt, Hauke/0000-0002-6138-5026
FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Center of
Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research (MiFoSa), Academy of
Finland
FX M.W.J.V.P. is funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific
Research (NWO) via a VENI grant. R.K. was supported by the Center of
Excellence in Microbial Food Safety Research (MiFoSa), Academy of
Finland.
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 193
IS 9
BP 2373
EP 2374
DI 10.1128/JB.00271-11
PG 2
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 752DU
UT WOS:000289670000043
PM 21398537
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, BL
Ho, JG
Cowan, WD
Blum-Spahn, O
Yi, AY
Rowe, DJ
Flannery, MR
McCray, DL
Chen, P
Rabb, DJ
AF Anderson, Betty Lise
Ho, James G.
Cowan, William D.
Blum-Spahn, Olga
Yi, Allen Y.
Rowe, Delton J.
Flannery, Martin R.
McCray, David L.
Chen, Peter
Rabb, David J.
TI Hardware Demonstration of Extremely Compact Optical True Time Delay
Device for Wideband Electronically Steered Antennas
SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phased arrays; photonic switching systems; optical signal processing;
optical delay lines; optical device fabrication
ID PHASED-ARRAY ANTENNAS; WHITE CELL; LINE; DESIGN; IMPLEMENTATION;
ARCHITECTURE; BEAMFORMER; PATHS
AB An optical true time delay device is demonstrated that is capable of supporting 112 antennas with 81 different delays (> 6 bits) in a volume 16 '' x 5 '' x 4 '' including the box with electronics. It uses a free-space design based on the White cell, and alignment is made simple, fast, and robust by the use of slow-tool diamond turning of many optics on a single substrate. Pointing accuracy of the 12 objective mirrors is better than 10 mu rad, and surface roughness is approximate to 45 nm RMS. Delays vary from 0 to 25 ns in 312.5 ps increments. Short delays are implemented using delay rods of high refractive index, and long delays using folded mirror trains. Total insertion loss from fiber to detector was 7.82 dB for the no-delay path, and 10.22 dB for the longest lens train. A three-state tip-style MEMS micromirror array is used to select among the delays, with tilt angles +/- 1.4 degrees plus flat, and switching time < 100 mu s for the entire array. An InP wideband optical combiner photodetector array converts the optical signal to RF with 20 GHz bandwidth. The unit survived temperature cycling 0 to 50 degrees C and random vibration on three axes (9.84 g RMS) with no degradation of signal.
C1 [Anderson, Betty Lise] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Ho, James G.; Rowe, Delton J.; Flannery, Martin R.; Chen, Peter] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA.
[Cowan, William D.; Blum-Spahn, Olga] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Yi, Allen Y.; McCray, David L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Integrated Syst Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Anderson, BL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM An-derson@ec.osu.edu; james.ho@ngc.com; wdcowan@sandia.gov;
yi.71@osu.edu; david.rabb@wpafb.af.mil
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Manuscript received December 22, 2010; revised February 25, 2011;
accepted March 01, 2011. Date of publication March 10, 2011; date of
current version April 20, 2011. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory
operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the
United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0733-8724
J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL
JI J. Lightwave Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 9
BP 1343
EP 1353
DI 10.1109/JLT.2011.2124444
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications
GA 753TJ
UT WOS:000289802300005
ER
PT J
AU Jung, IW
Park, B
Provine, J
Howe, RT
Solgaard, O
AF Jung, Il Woong
Park, Bryan
Provine, J.
Howe, Roger T.
Solgaard, Olav
TI Highly Sensitive Monolithic Silicon Photonic Crystal Fiber Tip Sensor
for Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index and Temperature
SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG); fiber sensor; GO-PHER process; long-period
fiber grating (LPFG); monolithic silicon; photonic crystal; refractive
index sensing; temperature sensing
ID OPTICAL-FIBER; GRATING SENSORS; WAVELENGTH; DEPENDENCE; LIQUIDS; MIRROR
AB Fiber optic sensors have applications in the measurement of a wide range of physical properties such as temperature, pressure, and refractive index. These sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference, made of high temperature dielectric materials and hence can be deployed in harsh environments where conventional electronics would fail. Photonic crystal (PC) fiber tip sensors are highly sensitive to changes in the refractive index and temperature while remaining compact and robust. In comparison to conventional fiber sensors such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) or long period fiber gratings (LPFG), they are attractive in several aspects. PC fiber tip sensors have better sensitivity to refractive index and temperature than FBG sensors and are have much smaller sensing volumes than FBGs and LPFGs. Their small size allows them to combine high sensitivity and structural robustness. The most attractive feature may be that PC fiber tip sensors also return a spectrally rich signal with independently shifting resonances that can be used to extract multiple physical properties of the measurand and distinguish between them. In this paper, we show that the PC fiber tip sensor is highly sensitive to the refractive index and temperature of the environment and that both parameters can be simultaneously determined using multiple wavelengths.
C1 [Jung, Il Woong] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Park, Bryan; Solgaard, Olav] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Park, Bryan; Solgaard, Olav] Stanford Univ, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Provine, J.; Howe, Roger T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Provine, J.; Howe, Roger T.] Stanford Univ, CIEMS, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Jung, IW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM ijung@anl.gov; insun@stanford.edu; jprovine@stanford.edu;
rthowe@stanford.edu; solgaard@stanford.edu
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [HR001-06-1-0049];
Boeing [33130]
FX Manuscript received November 04, 2010; revised January 19, 2011;
accepted February 24, 2011. Date of publication March 10, 2011; date of
current version April 22, 2011. This work was supported in part by the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) N/MEMS S&T
Fundamentals program under Grant HR001-06-1-0049, and in part by Boeing
under Contract 33130.
NR 25
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PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0733-8724
J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL
JI J. Lightwave Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 9
BP 1367
EP 1374
DI 10.1109/JLT.2011.2126018
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications
GA 753TJ
UT WOS:000289802300007
ER
PT J
AU Larson, DM
Downing, KH
Glaeser, RM
AF Larson, David M.
Downing, Kenneth H.
Glaeser, Robert M.
TI The surface of evaporated carbon films is an insulating, high-bandgap
material
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon films; Electrical conductivity; Charging; Electron microscopy
ID ONE CONDUCTING LAYER; ELECTRON CRYOMICROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS-CARBON;
THIN-FILMS
AB The electrical conductance and the optical density of evaporated carbon films are measured as a function of the thickness of the films. The resulting data show that up to a thickness of approximately 4 nm, carbon films are optically transparent and electrically insulating. The same data also suggest that this insulating character persists near to the surface when the overall thickness is further increased. Since a support film with poor surface conductivity is undesirable for many applications in electron microscopy, we suggest that the usefulness of evaporated carbon films in electron microscopy might be further improved by doping or by other methods that improve the electrical conductivity near the surface. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Glaeser, Robert M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Glaeser, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Donner Lab, Div Life Sci, 363B, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rmglaeser@lbl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-ACO2-05CH11231]; NIH [P01 GM51487]
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under
Contract DE-ACO2-05CH11231 and by NIH grant P01 GM51487.
NR 14
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PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1047-8477
J9 J STRUCT BIOL
JI J. Struct. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 174
IS 2
BP 420
EP 423
DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.02.005
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 754CL
UT WOS:000289829600018
PM 21338687
ER
PT J
AU Curry, ML
Crews, K
Warke, V
Bakker, MG
Hong, KL
Mays, J
Britt, P
Li, XF
Wang, J
AF Curry, Michael L.
Crews, Kristy
Warke, Vishal
Bakker, Martin Gerard
Hong, Kunlun
Mays, Jimmy
Britt, Phillip
Li, Xuefa
Wang, Jin
TI Electrodeposition of cobalt nanowires on H-terminated conductive Si(111)
surfaces using coblock polymer templating
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Article
ID COPOLYMER THIN-FILMS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS;
BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; X-RAY; MONOLAYER
AB The authors have investigated the formation of block copolymer nanocavities on H-terminated conducting Si(111) surfaces as templates for the electrochemical growth of perpendicular metallic nanowire arrays. Poly(styrene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) block copolymers (PS-b-PMMA) of appropriate block length and PS to PMMA ratio were used to create a self-assembled array of perpendicular nanocavities in which the PS majority phase is continuous and surrounds cylinders of the minority PMMA phase. Here, we report that H-terminated conducting Si(111) surfaces are also capable of inducing a perpendicular orientation in block copolymers, which-in all likelihood-is a direct result of the H-termination (i.e., removal of the oxide layer). Atomic force microscopy reveals that an acetic acid wash of the annealed block copolymer causes the minority PMMA component to be rearranged, giving rise to cavities that are perpendicular to the conducting Si substrate. Subsequently, scanning electron microscopy reveals that electrodeposition into the nanocavities can be achieved, producing an array of metallic nanopillars, 20 nm in diameter. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3563604]
C1 [Curry, Michael L.; Warke, Vishal; Bakker, Martin Gerard] Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Curry, Michael L.] Tuskegee Univ, Dept Chem, Tuskegee, AL 36008 USA.
[Crews, Kristy] Univ W Alabama, Dept Chem, Livingston, AL 35470 USA.
[Warke, Vishal; Bakker, Martin Gerard] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Hong, Kunlun; Mays, Jimmy; Britt, Phillip] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Li, Xuefa; Wang, Jin] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Curry, ML (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM currym@tuskegee.edu
RI Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015;
OI Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111; Curry, Michael/0000-0001-7026-9724
FU Center for Nanophase Materials Science for synthesis of the block
copolymers; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; INSIC's Center for Materials
for Information Technology at The University of Alabama; MSREC
[DMR-0213985]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge a grant from the Center for
Nanophase Materials Science for synthesis of the block copolymers. The
use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Primary support of this work by INSIC's
Center for Materials for Information Technology at The University of
Alabama is gratefully acknowledged. Some materials support from the
MSREC (NSF Grant No. DMR-0213985) is also acknowledged.
NR 22
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PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 031401
DI 10.1116/1.3563604
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 752KB
UT WOS:000289689000010
ER
PT J
AU Look, DC
Droubay, TC
McCloy, JS
Zhu, ZH
Chambers, SA
AF Look, David C.
Droubay, Timothy C.
McCloy, John S.
Zhu, Zihua
Chambers, Scott A.
TI Ga-doped ZnO grown by pulsed laser deposition in H-2: The roles of Ga
and H
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Article
AB Highly conductive thin films of ZnO doped with Ga were grown by pulsed laser deposition with 10 mTorr of H-2 in the growth chamber. Compared with a more conventional method of producing conductive films of ZnO, i.e., growth in O-2 followed by annealing in forming gas (5% H-2 in Ar), the H-2 method requires no postgrowth anneal and also produces higher carrier concentrations and lower resistivities with better depth uniformity. As an example, a 65-nm-thick sample had a room-temperature mobility of 32 cm(2)/V s, a concentration of 6.8 x 10(20) cm(-3), and a resistivity of 2.9 x 10(-4) Omega cm. From a scattering model, the donor and acceptor concentrations were calculated as 8.9 x 10(20) and 2.1 x 10(20) cm(-3), respectively, as compared to the Ga and H concentrations of 11 x 10(20) and 1 x 10(20) cm(-3). The authors conclude that growth in H-2 produces higher Ga-donor concentrations but that H-donors themselves do not play a significant role. c 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3523296]
C1 [Look, David C.] Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Droubay, Timothy C.; McCloy, John S.; Zhu, Zihua; Chambers, Scott A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Look, DC (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM david.look@wright.edu
RI Zhu, Zihua/K-7652-2012; McCloy, John/D-3630-2013; Droubay,
Tim/D-5395-2016
OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771; Droubay, Tim/0000-0002-8821-0322
FU AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0079]; NSF [DMR0803276]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering;
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The work of D. C. L. was partially supported by AFOSR Grant No.
FA9550-10-1-0079 (K. Reinhardt) and by NSF Grant No. DMR0803276 (L.
Hess). The work of T. C. D., J.S.M., Z.Z., and S. A. C. was supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Division of Materials
Sciences and Engineering and was performed in the Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory at PNNL, a national scientific user
facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological
and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated for the
U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 8
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U1 0
U2 9
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 03A102
DI 10.1116/1.3523296
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 752KB
UT WOS:000289689000026
ER
PT J
AU Tobin, JG
Yu, SW
Chung, BW
Waddill, GD
Denlinger, JD
AF Tobin, J. G.
Yu, S. W.
Chung, B. W.
Waddill, G. D.
Denlinger, J. D.
TI Direct comparison of the x-ray emission and absorption of cerium oxide
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Article
ID CE
AB X-ray emission spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy have been used to investigate the photon emission and absorption associated with the Ce 3d(5/2) and Ce 3d(3/2) core levels in Ce oxide. A comparison of the two processes and their spectra will be made. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3565490]
C1 [Tobin, J. G.; Yu, S. W.; Chung, B. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Waddill, G. D.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.
[Denlinger, J. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Tobin, JG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM tobin1@llnl.gov
RI Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012; Tobin, James/O-6953-2015
FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering; Office of Basic
Energy Science in the Department of Energy
FX Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore
National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National
Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344.
This work was supported by the DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering. In the
ALS experiments, K. T. Moore prepared the ex situ sample and aided in
the data collection. The synchrotron radiation experiments were carried
out at Beamline 8 at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA. The ALS was constructed and was
operated with support from Office of Basic Energy Science in the
Department of Energy. The authors would like to thank the staff of the
ALS and LBNL for their support, particularly Simon Morton for his
enthusiastic help.
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PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 031504
DI 10.1116/1.3565490
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 752KB
UT WOS:000289689000016
ER
PT J
AU Wolden, CA
Kurtin, J
Baxter, JB
Repins, I
Shaheen, SE
Torvik, JT
Rockett, AA
Fthenakis, VM
Aydil, ES
AF Wolden, Colin A.
Kurtin, Juanita
Baxter, Jason B.
Repins, Ingrid
Shaheen, Sean E.
Torvik, John T.
Rockett, Angus A.
Fthenakis, Vasilis M.
Aydil, Eray S.
TI Photovoltaic manufacturing: Present status, future prospects, and
research needs
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Review
ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; LOW-COST PHOTOVOLTAICS; CU2ZNSNS4 THIN-FILMS;
HIGH-EFFICIENCY; MICROCRYSTALLINE SILICON; SURFACE PASSIVATION;
MATERIALS AVAILABILITY; CADMIUM TELLURIDE; ENERGY CONVERSION;
GRAIN-BOUNDARIES
AB In May 2010 the United States National Science Foundation sponsored a two-day workshop to review the state-of-the-art and research challenges in photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing. This article summarizes the major conclusions and outcomes from this workshop, which was focused on identifying the science that needs to be done to help accelerate PV manufacturing. A significant portion of the article focuses on assessing the current status of and future opportunities in the major PV manufacturing technologies. These are solar cells based on crystalline silicon (c-Si), thin films of cadmium telluride (CdTe), thin films of copper indium gallium diselenide, and thin films of hydrogenated amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon. Current trends indicate that the cost per watt of c-Si and CdTe solar cells are being reduced to levels beyond the constraints commonly associated with these technologies. With a focus on TW/yr production capacity, the issue of material availability is discussed along with the emerging technologies of dye-sensitized solar cells and organic photovoltaics that are potentially less constrained by elemental abundance. Lastly, recommendations are made for research investment, with an emphasis on those areas that are expected to have cross-cutting impact. (C) 2011 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3569757]
C1 [Wolden, Colin A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Kurtin, Juanita] Spectrawatt, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA.
[Baxter, Jason B.] Drexel Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Repins, Ingrid] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Shaheen, Sean E.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Torvik, John T.] Novus Energy Partners, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
[Rockett, Angus A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Fthenakis, Vasilis M.] Columbia Univ, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Fthenakis, Vasilis M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Aydil, Eray S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Wolden, CA (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM cwolden@mines.edu
RI Rockett, Angus/B-5539-2013; Baxter, Jason/E-2292-2013; Shaheen,
Sean/M-7893-2013;
OI Rockett, Angus/0000-0001-9759-8421; Aydil, Eray/0000-0002-8377-9480;
Baxter, Jason/0000-0001-8702-3915
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1027337, CBET-0931145]; Science
Foundation Ireland
FX This article is based on the workshop supported by the National Science
Foundation through Grant No. CBET-1027337. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National
Science Foundation. The authors thank all of the participants for their
thoughtful contributions. C. A. W. acknowledges Science Foundation
Ireland for support through an E.T.S. Walton Visitor Fellowship during
the preparation of this article. S. E. S. would like to thank Russ
Gaudiana (Konarka Technologies) and Gang Li (Solarmer Energy) for
insightful discussions. E. S. A. acknowledges support by the National
Science Foundation through Grant No. CBET-0931145.
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PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 3
AR 030801
DI 10.1116/1.3569757
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 752KB
UT WOS:000289689000003
ER
PT J
AU Cano, Z
Bersier, D
Guidorzi, C
Margutti, R
Svensson, KM
Kobayashi, S
Melandri, A
Wiersema, K
Pozanenko, A
van der Horst, AJ
Pooley, GG
Fernandez-Soto, A
Castro-Tirado, AJ
Postigo, AD
Im, M
Kamble, AP
Sahu, D
Alonso-Lorite, J
Anupama, G
Bibby, JL
Burgdorf, MJ
Clay, N
Curran, PA
Fatkhullin, TA
Fruchter, AS
Garnavich, P
Gomboc, A
Gorosabel, J
Graham, JF
Gurugubelli, U
Haislip, J
Huang, K
Huxor, A
Ibrahimov, M
Jeon, Y
Jeon, YB
Ivarsen, K
Kasen, D
Klunko, E
Kouveliotou, C
LaCluyze, A
Levan, AJ
Loznikov, V
Mazzali, PA
Moskvitin, AS
Mottram, C
Mundell, CG
Nugent, PE
Nysewander, M
O'Brien, PT
Park, WK
Peris, V
Pian, E
Reichart, D
Rhoads, JE
Rol, E
Rumyantsev, V
Scowcroft, V
Shakhovskoy, D
Small, E
Smith, RJ
Sokolov, VV
Starling, RLC
Steele, I
Strom, RG
Tanvir, NR
Tsapras, Y
Urata, Y
Vaduvescu, O
Volnova, A
Volvach, A
Wijers, RAMJ
Woosley, SE
Young, DR
AF Cano, Z.
Bersier, D.
Guidorzi, C.
Margutti, R.
Svensson, K. M.
Kobayashi, S.
Melandri, A.
Wiersema, K.
Pozanenko, A.
van der Horst, A. J.
Pooley, G. G.
Fernandez-Soto, A.
Castro-Tirado, A. J.
Postigo, A. de Ugarte
Im, M.
Kamble, A. P.
Sahu, D.
Alonso-Lorite, J.
Anupama, G.
Bibby, J. L.
Burgdorf, M. J.
Clay, N.
Curran, P. A.
Fatkhullin, T. A.
Fruchter, A. S.
Garnavich, P.
Gomboc, A.
Gorosabel, J.
Graham, J. F.
Gurugubelli, U.
Haislip, J.
Huang, K.
Huxor, A.
Ibrahimov, M.
Jeon, Y.
Jeon, Y. -B.
Ivarsen, K.
Kasen, D.
Klunko, E.
Kouveliotou, C.
LaCluyze, A.
Levan, A. J.
Loznikov, V.
Mazzali, P. A.
Moskvitin, A. S.
Mottram, C.
Mundell, C. G.
Nugent, P. E.
Nysewander, M.
O'Brien, P. T.
Park, W. -K.
Peris, V.
Pian, E.
Reichart, D.
Rhoads, J. E.
Rol, E.
Rumyantsev, V.
Scowcroft, V.
Shakhovskoy, D.
Small, E.
Smith, R. J.
Sokolov, V. V.
Starling, R. L. C.
Steele, I.
Strom, R. G.
Tanvir, N. R.
Tsapras, Y.
Urata, Y.
Vaduvescu, O.
Volnova, A.
Volvach, A.
Wijers, R. A. M. J.
Woosley, S. E.
Young, D. R.
TI A tale of two GRB-SNe at a common redshift of z = 0.54
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Review
DE gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB 060729; gamma-ray burst: individual:
GRB 090618; supernovae: general
ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL
TELESCOPE; ABSOLUTE-MAGNITUDE DISTRIBUTIONS; AFTERGLOW LIGHT CURVES;
LATE-TIME OBSERVATIONS; BLAST WAVE PHYSICS; HOST GALAXIES; OPTICAL
AFTERGLOW; IC SUPERNOVAE
AB We present ground-based and Hubble Space Telescope optical observations of the optical transients (OTs) of long-duration Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) 060729 and 090618, both at a redshift of z = 0.54. For GRB 060729, bumps are seen in the optical light curves (LCs), and the late-time broad-band spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the OT resemble those of local Type Ic supernovae (SNe). For GRB 090618, the dense sampling of our optical observations has allowed us to detect well-defined bumps in the optical LCs, as well as a change in colour, that are indicative of light coming from a core-collapse SN. The accompanying SNe for both events are individually compared with SN1998bw, a known GRB supernova, and SN1994I, a typical Type Ic supernova without a known GRB counterpart, and in both cases the brightness and temporal evolution more closely resemble SN1998bw. We also exploit our extensive optical and radio data for GRB 090618, as well as the publicly available Swift-XRT data, and discuss the properties of the afterglow at early times. In the context of a simple jet-like model, the afterglow of GRB 090618 is best explained by the presence of a jet-break at t - t(o) > 0.5 d. We then compare the rest-frame, peak V-band absolute magnitudes of all of the GRB and X-Ray Flash (XRF)-associated SNe with a large sample of local Type Ibc SNe, concluding that, when host extinction is considered, the peak magnitudes of the GRB/XRF-SNe cannot be distinguished from the peak magnitudes of non-GRB/XRF SNe.
C1 [Cano, Z.; Bersier, D.; Guidorzi, C.; Kobayashi, S.; Melandri, A.; Clay, N.; Mottram, C.; Mundell, C. G.; Small, E.; Smith, R. J.; Steele, I.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England.
[Guidorzi, C.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Margutti, R.; Melandri, A.] INAF Osserv Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy.
[Svensson, K. M.; Levan, A. J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Wiersema, K.; O'Brien, P. T.; Starling, R. L. C.; Tanvir, N. R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Pozanenko, A.; Loznikov, V.] RAS, Space Res Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia.
[van der Horst, A. J.] NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow, Washington, DC USA.
[Pooley, G. G.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
[Fernandez-Soto, A.] Inst Fis Cantabria CSIC UC, E-39005 Santander, Spain.
[Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Gorosabel, J.] Inst Astrofis Andalucia IAA CSIC, Granada, Spain.
[Postigo, A. de Ugarte] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Im, M.; Jeon, Y.; Park, W. -K.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, CEOU, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kamble, A. P.; Rol, E.; Strom, R. G.; Wijers, R. A. M. J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst, Xh Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Sahu, D.; Anupama, G.; Gurugubelli, U.] Indian Inst Astrophys, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India.
[Alonso-Lorite, J.; Peris, V.] Univ Valencia, Astron Observ, Valencia, Spain.
[Bibby, J. L.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
[Burgdorf, M. J.] Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, Stuttgart, Germany.
[Burgdorf, M. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA Sci Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Curran, P. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, AIM, CEA DSM, CNRS,Irfu SAP,Ctr Saclay, Paris, France.
[Fatkhullin, T. A.; Moskvitin, A. S.; Sokolov, V. V.] SAO RAS, Nizhnii Arkhyz, Karachai Cherke, Russia.
[Fruchter, A. S.; Graham, J. F.; Nysewander, M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Garnavich, P.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Gomboc, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia.
[Gomboc, A.] Ctr Excellence SPACE SI, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Haislip, J.; Ivarsen, K.; LaCluyze, A.; Reichart, D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
[Huang, K.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Huxor, A.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
[Ibrahimov, M.] Ulugh Beg Astron Inst, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
[Jeon, Y. -B.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea.
[Kasen, D.; Woosley, S. E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Klunko, E.] Inst Solar Terr Phys, Irkutsk, Russia.
[Kouveliotou, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Space Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Mazzali, P. A.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Mazzali, P. A.; Pian, E.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Mazzali, P. A.] INAF Oss Astron Padova, Padua, Italy.
[Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pian, E.] Osserv Astron Trieste, I-34131 Trieste, Italy.
[Rhoads, J. E.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Rumyantsev, V.; Shakhovskoy, D.; Volvach, A.] SRI Crimean Astrophys Observ, Nauchnyi, Crimea, Ukraine.
[Scowcroft, V.] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Strom, R. G.] ASTRON, Radio Observ, Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
[Strom, R. G.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Astron, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Tsapras, Y.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA USA.
[Tsapras, Y.] Univ London, Sch Math Sci, Astron Unit, London, England.
[Urata, Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Vaduvescu, O.] Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain.
[Vaduvescu, O.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain.
[Volnova, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Young, D. R.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
RP Cano, Z (reprint author), Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England.
EM zec@astro.livjm.ac.uk
RI Im, Myungshin/B-3436-2013; Curran, Peter/B-5293-2013; Fernandez-Soto,
Alberto/A-2443-2009;
OI de Ugarte Postigo, Antonio/0000-0001-7717-5085; Im,
Myungshin/0000-0002-8537-6714; Curran, Peter/0000-0003-3003-4626;
Fernandez-Soto, Alberto/0000-0002-5732-3121; Wijers,
Ralph/0000-0002-3101-1808; Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563;
Rumyantsev, Vasilij/0000-0003-1894-7019; Pian, Elena/0000-0001-8646-4858
FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) (UK); Korea government
(MEST) [2009-0063616]; Generalitat Valenciana; Spanish Ministerio de
Ciencia e Innovacion; Universitat de Valencia; Spanish programmes
[ESP2005-07714-C03-03, AYA2007-63677, AYA2008-03467/ESP,
AYA2009-14000-C03-01]; Russian Federation [MK-405.2010.2]; Netherlands
Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Slovenian Research Agency;
European Union; European Regional Development Fund; Republic of
Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology; Spanish
MICINN [AYA2006-14056]; Consolider-Ingenio [2007-32022]; Generalitat
Valenciana [Prometeo 2008/132]
FX We are very grateful to Knut Olsen and Abi Saha for their assistance in
obtaining images on the CTIO 4-m telescope in 2006 August. We would also
like to thank the anonymous referees for their very thorough and
constructive comments on the original manuscript. This work was
supported partially by a Science and Technology Facilities Council
(STFC) (UK) research studentship (ZC). MI, YJ and WKP were supported by
the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant No.
2009-0063616, funded by the Korea government (MEST). The T40 telescope
at the Observatorio de Aras de los Olmos is funded by the Generalitat
Valenciana, the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and the
Universitat de Valencia. The research of JG and AJCT is supported by the
Spanish programmes ESP2005-07714-C03-03, AYA2007-63677,
AYA2008-03467/ESP and AYA2009-14000-C03-01. TAF and ASM were supported
by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation (MK-405.2010.2).
The WSRT is operated by ASTRON with financial support from the
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). AG acknowledges
funding from the Slovenian Research Agency and from the Centre of
Excellence for Space Sciences and Technologies SPACE-SI, an operation
partly financed by the European Union, European Regional Development
Fund and Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and
Technology. AFS acknowledges support from the Spanish MICINN projects
AYA2006-14056, Consolider-Ingenio 2007-32022 and the Generalitat
Valenciana project Prometeo 2008/132.
NR 169
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 413
IS 1
BP 669
EP 685
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18164.x
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 750DN
UT WOS:000289525000049
ER
PT J
AU Stair, PC
AF Stair, Peter C.
TI METAL-OXIDE INTERFACES Where the action is
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT News Item
ID HYDROFORMYLATION
C1 [Stair, Peter C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Stair, Peter C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Stair, PC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM pstair@northwestern.edu
NR 4
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 21
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
EI 1755-4349
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 5
BP 345
EP 346
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 752RZ
UT WOS:000289712600005
PM 21505490
ER
PT J
AU Yamada, Y
Tsung, CK
Huang, W
Huo, ZY
Habas, SE
Soejima, T
Aliaga, CE
Somorjai, GA
Yang, PD
AF Yamada, Yusuke
Tsung, Chia-Kuang
Huang, Wenyu
Huo, Ziyang
Habas, Susan E.
Soejima, Tetsuro
Aliaga, Cesar E.
Somorjai, Gabor A.
Yang, Peidong
TI Nanocrystal bilayer for tandem catalysis
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPPORTED METAL-CATALYSTS; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; PLATINUM CATALYSTS;
CO OXIDATION; NANOPARTICLES; DECOMPOSITION; SUPERLATTICES; FILMS; CERIA
AB Supported catalysts are widely used in industry and can be optimized by tuning the composition and interface of the metal nanoparticles and oxide supports. Rational design of metal-metal oxide interfaces in nanostructured catalysts is critical to achieve better reaction activities and selectivities. We introduce here a new class of nanocrystal tandem catalysts that have multiple metal-metal oxide interfaces for the catalysis of sequential reactions. We utilized a nanocrystal bilayer structure formed by assembling platinum and cerium oxide nanocube monolayers of less than 10 nm on a silica substrate. The two distinct metal-metal oxide interfaces, CeO(2)-Pt and Pt-SiO(2), can be used to catalyse two distinct sequential reactions. The CeO(2)-Pt interface catalysed methanol decomposition to produce CO and H(2), which were subsequently used for ethylene hydroformylation catalysed by the nearby Pt-SiO(2) interface. Consequently, propanal was produced selectively from methanol and ethylene on the nanocrystal bilayer tandem catalyst. This new concept of nanocrystal tandem catalysis represents a powerful approach towards designing high-performance, multifunctional nanostructured catalysts.
C1 [Tsung, Chia-Kuang; Huang, Wenyu; Habas, Susan E.; Aliaga, Cesar E.; Somorjai, Gabor A.; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yamada, Yusuke; Tsung, Chia-Kuang; Huang, Wenyu; Huo, Ziyang; Habas, Susan E.; Soejima, Tetsuro; Somorjai, Gabor A.; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yamada, Y (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Dept Mat & Life Sci, Grad Sch Engn, 2-1 Yamada Oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
EM p_yang@berkeley.edu
RI Yamada, Yusuke/D-3359-2013; Huang, Wenyu/L-3784-2014
OI Huang, Wenyu/0000-0003-2327-7259
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering
Division, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 25
TC 192
Z9 193
U1 30
U2 302
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 3
IS 5
BP 372
EP 376
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1018
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 752RZ
UT WOS:000289712600010
PM 21505495
ER
PT J
AU Luther, JM
Jain, PK
Ewers, T
Alivisatos, AP
AF Luther, Joseph M.
Jain, Prashant K.
Ewers, Trevor
Alivisatos, A. Paul
TI Localized surface plasmon resonances arising from free carriers in doped
quantum dots
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; CUPROUS SULFIDES; COPPER SELENIDE; CHALCOCITE
CU2S; NANOCRYSTALS; DJURLEITE; NANORODS; TRANSFORMATION; NANOPARTICLES;
SPECTROSCOPY
AB Localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) typically arise in nanostructures of noble metals(1,2) resulting in enhanced and geometrically tunable absorption and scattering resonances. LSPRs, however, are not limited to nanostructures of metals and can also be achieved in semiconductor nanocrystals with appreciable free carrier concentrations. Here, we describe well-defined LSPRs arising from p-type carriers in vacancy-doped semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). Achievement of LSPRs by free carrier doping of a semiconductor nanocrystal would allow active on-chip control of LSPR responses. Plasmonic sensing and manipulation of solid-state processes in single nanocrystals constitutes another interesting possibility. We also demonstrate that doped semiconductor QDs allow realization of LSPRs and quantum-confined excitons within the same nanostructure, opening up the possibility of strong coupling of photonic and electronic modes, with implications for light harvesting, nonlinear optics, and quantum information processing.
C1 [Luther, Joseph M.; Jain, Prashant K.; Ewers, Trevor; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Luther, Joseph M.; Jain, Prashant K.; Ewers, Trevor; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Jain, Prashant K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Miller Inst Basic Res Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Alivisatos, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM apalivisatos@lbl.gov
RI Jain, Prashant/A-4779-2009; Ewers, Trevor/A-2810-2013; Alivisatos , Paul
/N-8863-2015
OI Jain, Prashant/0000-0002-7306-3972; Ewers, Trevor/0000-0002-7867-1125;
Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the United States
Department of Energy [KC3105, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Miller Fellowship
FX Work on copper sulphide nanocrystal synthesis and optical and structural
characterization was supported by the Physical Chemistry of
Semiconductor Nanocrystals Program, KC3105, Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the United States Department of
Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work on LSPR response
characterization, chemical tuning, and vacancy density profiling was
supported by a Miller Fellowship awarded to P.K.J. We thank J. Owen, J.
B. Rivest and J. van de Lagemaat for discussions and Lam-Kiu Fong for a
CdS nanorod sample.
NR 37
TC 511
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U1 81
U2 608
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 5
BP 361
EP 366
DI 10.1038/NMAT3004
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 752UJ
UT WOS:000289720000015
PM 21478881
ER
PT J
AU Ashley, CE
Carnes, EC
Phillips, GK
Padilla, D
Durfee, PN
Brown, PA
Hanna, TN
Liu, JW
Phillips, B
Carter, MB
Carroll, NJ
Jiang, XM
Dunphy, DR
Willman, CL
Petsev, DN
Evans, DG
Parikh, AN
Chackerian, B
Wharton, W
Peabody, DS
Brinker, CJ
AF Ashley, Carlee E.
Carnes, Eric C.
Phillips, Genevieve K.
Padilla, David
Durfee, Paul N.
Brown, Page A.
Hanna, Tracey N.
Liu, Juewen
Phillips, Brandy
Carter, Mark B.
Carroll, Nick J.
Jiang, Xingmao
Dunphy, Darren R.
Willman, Cheryl L.
Petsev, Dimiter N.
Evans, Deborah G.
Parikh, Atul N.
Chackerian, Bryce
Wharton, Walker
Peabody, David S.
Brinker, C. Jeffrey
TI The targeted delivery of multicomponent cargos to cancer cells by
nanoporous particle-supported lipid bilayers
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPONSIVE CONTROLLED-RELEASE; DRUG-DELIVERY; MACROMOLECULAR
THERAPEUTICS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; LIPOSOMES;
NANOPARTICLES; MEMBRANES; DOXORUBICIN; TENSION
AB Encapsulation of drugs within nanocarriers that selectively target malignant cells promises to mitigate side effects of conventional chemotherapy and to enable delivery of the unique drug combinations needed for personalized medicine. To realize this potential, however, targeted nanocarriers must simultaneously overcome multiple challenges, including specificity, stability and a high capacity for disparate cargos. Here we report porous nanoparticle-supported lipid bilayers (protocells) that synergistically combine properties of liposomes and nanoporous particles. Protocells modified with a targeting peptide that binds to human hepatocellular carcinoma exhibit a 10,000-fold greater affinity for human hepatocellular carcinoma than for hepatocytes, endothelial cells or immune cells. Furthermore, protocells can be loaded with combinations of therapeutic (drugs, small interfering RNA and toxins) and diagnostic (quantum dots) agents and modified to promote endosomal escape and nuclear accumulation of selected cargos. The enormous capacity of the high-surface-area nanoporous core combined with the enhanced targeting efficacy enabled by the fluid supported lipid bilayer enable a single protocell loaded with a drug cocktail to kill a drug-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cell, representing a 10(6)-fold improvement over comparable liposomes.
C1 [Ashley, Carlee E.; Padilla, David; Liu, Juewen; Jiang, Xingmao; Dunphy, Darren R.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengineered Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Carnes, Eric C.; Carroll, Nick J.; Petsev, Dimiter N.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Phillips, Genevieve K.; Phillips, Brandy; Carter, Mark B.; Willman, Cheryl L.; Chackerian, Bryce; Wharton, Walker; Peabody, David S.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Canc Res & Treatment Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Durfee, Paul N.; Chackerian, Bryce; Peabody, David S.; Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Brown, Page A.; Evans, Deborah G.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Hanna, Tracey N.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Willman, Cheryl L.; Wharton, Walker] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Parikh, Atul N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Brinker, C. Jeffrey] Sandia Natl Labs, Self Assembled Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Ashley, CE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM ceashle@sandia.gov; cjbrink@sandia.gov
RI jiang, xingmao /H-3554-2013; Liu, Juewen/A-2701-2014; PARIKH,
ATUL/D-2243-2014
OI PARIKH, ATUL/0000-0002-5927-4968
FU NIH/Roadmap for Medical Research [PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B]; NCI
[1U01CA151792-01]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA
9550-07-1-0054/9550-10-1-0054]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; Sandia
National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research and Development
(LDRD); National Security Science and Engineering at Sandia National
Laboratories; UCLA Center for Nanobiology and Predictive Toxicology
(NIEHS) [1U19ES019528-01]; NSF ERC Center for Environmental Implications
of Nanotechnology at UCLA [NSF:EF-0820117]; NSF [DGE-0504276,
DGE-0549500, PREM/DMR 0611616]; NSF at the University of New Mexico
Center for Micro-Engineered Materials [DMR-0649132]; NCRR; University of
New Mexico Health Sciences Center; University of New Mexico Cancer
Center; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported by the NIH/Roadmap for Medical Research under
grant PHS 2 PN2 EY016570B; NCI Cancer Nanotechnology Platform
Partnership grant 1U01CA151792-01; the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research grant FA 9550-07-1-0054/9550-10-1-0054; the US Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences
and Engineering; the Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed
Research and Development (LDRD) programme; the President Harry S. Truman
Fellowship in National Security Science and Engineering at Sandia
National Laboratories (C. E. A.); the UCLA Center for Nanobiology and
Predictive Toxicology (NIEHS grant 1U19ES019528-01) and the NSF ERC
Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology at UCLA
(NSF:EF-0820117). C. E. A. was supported by IGERT Fellowship Grant NSF
DGE-0504276, and E. C. C. and N.J.C. were supported by NSF IGERT grant
DGE-0549500. T. N. H. was supported by NSF Nanoscience and Microsystems
REU program (grant DMR-0649132) at the University of New Mexico Center
for Micro-Engineered Materials. N.J.C and D. N. P. were supported by NSF
PREM/DMR 0611616. R. Lee provided guidance for imaging protocols and
FRAP experiments, M. Aragon created schematic diagrams, R. Sewell
carried out nitrogen sorption experiments and Y-B. Jiang carried out TEM
imaging. Cryogenic TEM was carried out at Baylor College of Medicine
(Houston, TX) by C. Jia-Yin Fu, H. Khant and W. Chiu. Some images in
this paper were generated in the University of New Mexico Cancer Center
Fluorescence Microscopy Facility, supported by NCRR, NSF and NCI as
detailed at http://hsc.unm.edu/crtc/microscopy/Facility.html. Data were
generated in the Flow Cytometry Shared Resource Center supported by the
University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center and the University of
New Mexico Cancer Center. Sandia is a multiprogramme laboratory operated
by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Company, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 53
TC 435
Z9 446
U1 45
U2 508
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 10
IS 5
BP 389
EP 397
DI 10.1038/NMAT2992
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 752UJ
UT WOS:000289720000020
PM 21499315
ER
PT J
AU Fratoni, M
Greenspan, E
AF Fratoni, Massimiliano
Greenspan, Ehud
TI Neutronic Feasibility Assessment of Liquid Salt-Cooled Pebble Bed
Reactors
SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
AB This study investigates the neutronic characteristics of the Pebble Bed-Advanced High Temperature Reactor (PB-AHTR), which combines TRISO fuel technology and liquid salt [flibe (2LiF-Be2F)] cooling. Compared to equivalent helium-cooled cores, the flibe-cooled cores feature a significantly larger fraction of neutron loss to coolant absorption but also a reduced neutron loss to leakage. The flibe also significantly contributes to neutron slowing-down and allows an increase of the pebbles' heavy metal-to-carbon volume ratio as compared to helium-cooled cores. In order to guarantee all negative reactivity coefficients, and in particidar coolant void and temperature feedbacks, the carbon-to-heavy metal atom ratio must not exceed 300 to 400, depending on the fuel kernel diameter. The maximum burnup attainable from a PB-AHTR that is fueled with 10% enriched uranium and operated in continuous refueling is similar to 130 GWd/t HM; this is comparable to the maximum burnup achieved in other high-temperature reactors, either liquid salt or gas cooled. Compared to helium-cooled pebble bed reactors, the PB-AHTR pebbles can be loaded with 2.5 times more fuel, resulting in a smaller number of pebbles to fabricate and a smaller spent-fuel volume.,to handle per energy generated. Relative to a light water reactor, the PB-AHTR offers improved natural uranium ore utilization and reduced enrichment capacity.
C1 [Fratoni, Massimiliano; Greenspan, Ehud] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Fratoni, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM fratoni1@llnl.gov
RI Fratoni, Massimiliano/F-9746-2011; Fratoni, Massimiliano/M-8323-2015
OI Fratoni, Massimiliano/0000-0003-0452-0508
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy
Research Initiation [DE-FC07-05ID14669]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiation grant
DE-FC07-05ID14669. Support provided by P. F. Peterson is highly
appreciated.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5639
J9 NUCL SCI ENG
JI Nucl. Sci. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 168
IS 1
BP 1
EP 22
PG 22
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 753XG
UT WOS:000289813100001
ER
PT J
AU Gill, DF
Azmy, YY
Warsa, JS
Densmore, JD
AF Gill, Daniel F.
Azmy, Yousry Y.
Warsa, James S.
Densmore, Jeffery D.
TI Newton's Method for the Computation of k-Eigenvalues in S-N Transport
Applications
SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID FORCING TERMS
AB Recently, Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) methods have been used to solve the k-eigenvalue problem in diffusion and transport theories. We propose an improvement to Newton's method (NM)for solving the k-eigenvalue problem in transport theory that avoids costly within-group iterations or iterations over energy groups. We present a formulation of the k-eigenvalue problem where a nonlinear function, whose roots are solutions of the k-eigenvalue problem, is written in terms of a generic fixed-point iteration (FPI). In this way any FPI that solves the k-eigenvalue problem can be accelerated using the Newton approach, including our improved formulation. Calculations with a one-dimensional multigroup S-N transport implementation in MATLAB provide a proof of principle and show that convergence to the fundamental mode is feasible. Results generated using a three-dimensional Fortran implementation of several formulations of NM for the well-known Takeda and C5G7-MOX benchmark problems confirm the efficiency of NM for realistic k-eigenvalue calculations and highlight numerous advantages over traditional FPI.
C1 [Gill, Daniel F.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Azmy, Yousry Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Warsa, James S.; Densmore, Jeffery D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys & Methods Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gill, DF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM dfgill@psualum.com
FU Naval Reactors Division of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This research was performed under appointment of D. F. Gill to the
Rickover Graduate Fellowship Program sponsored by Naval Reactors
Division of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).; The authors would like
to thank J. Dahl and E. Fichtl of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)
for some very helpful discussions concerning the eigenvalue problem.
This information has been coauthored by an employee or employees of the
Los Alamos National Security, LLC, operator of LANL under contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396 with DOE.
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5639
J9 NUCL SCI ENG
JI Nucl. Sci. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 168
IS 1
BP 37
EP 58
PG 22
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 753XG
UT WOS:000289813100003
ER
PT J
AU Batlle, JVI
Beaugelin-Seiller, K
Beresford, NA
Copplestone, D
Horyna, J
Hosseini, A
Johansen, M
Kamboj, S
Keum, DK
Kurosawa, N
Newsome, L
Olyslaegers, G
Vandenhove, H
Ryufuku, S
Lynch, SV
Wood, MD
Yu, C
AF Vives i Batlle, J.
Beaugelin-Seiller, K.
Beresford, N. A.
Copplestone, D.
Horyna, J.
Hosseini, A.
Johansen, M.
Kamboj, S.
Keum, D. -K.
Kurosawa, N.
Newsome, L.
Olyslaegers, G.
Vandenhove, H.
Ryufuku, S.
Lynch, S. Vives
Wood, M. D.
Yu, C.
TI The estimation of absorbed dose rates for non-human biota: an extended
intercomparison
SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS; AQUATIC BIOTA; TERRESTRIAL
AB An exercise to compare 10 approaches for the calculation of unweighted whole-body absorbed dose rates was conducted for 74 radionuclides and five of the ICRP's Reference Animals and Plants, or RAPs (duck, frog, flatfish egg, rat and elongated earthworm), selected for this exercise to cover a range of body sizes, dimensions and exposure scenarios. Results were analysed using a non-parametric method requiring no specific hypotheses about the statistical distribution of data. The obtained unweighted absorbed dose rates for internal exposure compare well between the different approaches, with 70% of the results falling within a range of variation of +/- 20%. The variation is greater for external exposure, although 90% of the estimates are within an order of magnitude of one another. There are some discernible patterns where specific models over- or under-predicted. These are explained based on the methodological differences including number of daughter products included in the calculation of dose rate for a parent nuclide; source-target geometry; databases for discrete energy and yield of radionuclides; rounding errors in integration algorithms; and intrinsic differences in calculation methods. For certain radionuclides, these factors combine to generate systematic variations between approaches. Overall, the technique chosen to interpret the data enabled methodological differences in dosimetry calculations to be quantified and compared, allowing the identification of common issues between different approaches and providing greater assurance on the fundamental dose conversion coefficient approaches used in available models for assessing radiological effects to biota.
C1 [Vives i Batlle, J.; Olyslaegers, G.; Vandenhove, H.] Belgian Nucl Res Ctr, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
[Beaugelin-Seiller, K.] Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl, St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Beresford, N. A.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lancaster, England.
[Hosseini, A.] Norwegian Radiat Protect Author, Tromso, Norway.
[Kamboj, S.; Yu, C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Copplestone, D.] Univ Stirling, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
[Newsome, L.] England & Wales Environm Agcy, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Horyna, J.] SUJB, State Off Nucl Safety, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Johansen, M.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Lucas Heights, Australia.
[Keum, D. -K.] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea.
[Kurosawa, N.; Ryufuku, S.] Visible Information Ctr Inc, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Wood, M. D.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
RP Batlle, JVI (reprint author), Belgian Nucl Res Ctr, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
EM jordi.vives.i.batlle@sckcen.be
RI Johansen, Mathew/D-7049-2012; Wood, Michael/D-7813-2010; Beresford,
Nicholas/I-6188-2012; Newsome, Laura/A-2326-2017;
OI Newsome, Laura/0000-0002-0283-3001; Copplestone,
David/0000-0002-1468-9545
NR 22
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0301-634X
J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH
JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 50
IS 2
BP 231
EP 251
DI 10.1007/s00411-010-0346-5
PG 21
WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
& Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental
Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 753BP
UT WOS:000289739500001
PM 21113609
ER
PT J
AU Wiley, HS
AF Wiley, H. Steven
TI If Bacteria Can Do It ...
SO SCIENTIST
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wiley, HS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCIENTIST INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 400 MARKET ST, STE 1250, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0890-3670
J9 SCIENTIST
JI Scientist
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 25
IS 5
BP 28
EP 28
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other
Topics
GA 753CO
UT WOS:000289742600007
ER
PT J
AU Modis, T
AF Modis, Theodore
TI US Nobel laureates: Logistic growth versus Volterra-Lotka
SO TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Logistic growth; S-curve; Volterra-Lotka; US Nobels; Cumulative; Win-win
ID TECHNOLOGIES; FORECASTS; MODEL
AB The logistic-growth equation is a special case of the Volterra-Lotka equations. The former describes competition only between members of the same species whereas the latter describes competition also with other species. In the study of US Nobel laureates considering laureates per population improves the quality of the logistic fit but the Volterra-Lotka approach suggests that a logistic description would be a good approximation for data per unit of time rather than cumulative data. Fitting logistic S-curves on cumulative data - although proven successful in many business and other applications - constitutes treacherous terrain for inexperienced S-curve enthusiasts. The Volterra-Lotka analysis of Nobel laureates reveals other insights such as that Americans and other nationalities are locked in a win-win struggle with Americans drawing more of a benefit, and also that American Nobel laureates "incubate" new Nobel laureates to a lesser extent than other nationalities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Modis, Theodore] Digital Equipment Corp, Maynard, MA 01754 USA.
[Modis, Theodore] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Modis, Theodore] Columbia Univ, Monterrey, Mexico.
[Modis, Theodore] Univ Geneva, Monterrey, Mexico.
[Modis, Theodore] Leadership Sch DUXX, Monterrey, Mexico.
EM tmodis@yahoo.com
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0040-1625
J9 TECHNOL FORECAST SOC
JI Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 78
IS 4
BP 559
EP 564
DI 10.1016/j.techfore.2010.10.002
PG 6
WC Business; Planning & Development
SC Business & Economics; Public Administration
GA 751FP
UT WOS:000289603200002
ER
PT J
AU Potter, GL
Bader, DDC
Riches, M
Bamzai, A
Joseph, R
AF Potter, Gerald L.
Bader, Davi D. C.
Riches, Michael
Bamzai, Anjuli
Joseph, Renu
TI CELEBRATING TWO DECADES OF THE PROGRAM FOR CLIMATE MODEL DIAGNOSIS AND
INTERCOMPARISON
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Potter, Gerald L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bader, Davi D. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Riches, Michael; Joseph, Renu] US DOE, Off Biol & Environm Res, Washington, DC USA.
[Bamzai, Anjuli] Natl Sci Fdn, Climate & Large Scale Dynam Program, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
RP Potter, GL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jpotter@ucdavis.edu
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 92
IS 5
BP 629
EP 631
DI 10.1175/2011BAMS3018.1
PG 3
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 781YA
UT WOS:000291972700006
ER
PT J
AU Helton, AM
Poole, GC
Meyer, JL
Wollheim, WM
Peterson, BJ
Mulholland, PJ
Bernhardt, ES
Stanford, JA
Arango, C
Ashkenas, LR
Cooper, LW
Dodds, WK
Gregory, SV
Hall, RO
Hamilton, SK
Johnson, SL
McDowell, WH
Potter, JD
Tank, JL
Thomas, SM
Valett, HM
Webster, JR
Zeglin, L
AF Helton, Ashley M.
Poole, Geoffrey C.
Meyer, Judy L.
Wollheim, Wilfred M.
Peterson, Bruce J.
Mulholland, Patrick J.
Bernhardt, Emily S.
Stanford, Jack A.
Arango, Clay
Ashkenas, Linda R.
Cooper, Lee W.
Dodds, Walter K.
Gregory, Stanley V.
Hall, Robert O., Jr.
Hamilton, Stephen K.
Johnson, Sherri L.
McDowell, William H.
Potter, Jody D.
Tank, Jennifer L.
Thomas, Suzanne M.
Valett, H. Maurice
Webster, Jackson R.
Zeglin, Lydia
TI Thinking outside the channel: modeling nitrogen cycling in networked
river ecosystems
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Review
ID AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; FLOW PATHS; STREAM;
DENITRIFICATION; DYNAMICS; REMOVAL; NITRATE; INTERFACE; TRANSPORT
AB Agricultural and urban development alters nitrogen and other biogeochemical cycles in rivers worldwide. Because such biogeochemical processes cannot be measured empirically across whole river networks, simulation models are critical tools for understanding river-network biogeochemistry. However, limitations inherent in current models restrict our ability to simulate biogeochemical dynamics among diverse river networks. We illustrate these limitations using a river-network model to scale up in situ measures of nitrogen cycling in eight catchments spanning various geophysical and land-use conditions. Our model results provide evidence that catchment characteristics typically excluded from models may control river-network biogeochemistry. Based on our findings, we identify important components of a revised strategy for simulating biogeochemical dynamics in river networks, including approaches to modeling terrestrial-aquatic linkages, hydrologic exchanges between the channel, floodplain/riparian complex, and subsurface waters, and interactions between coupled biogeochemical cycles.
C1 [Helton, Ashley M.; Poole, Geoffrey C.; Meyer, Judy L.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Poole, Geoffrey C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Peterson, Bruce J.; Thomas, Suzanne M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Mulholland, Patrick J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bernhardt, Emily S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC USA.
[Stanford, Jack A.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
[Arango, Clay; Tank, Jennifer L.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Ashkenas, Linda R.; Gregory, Stanley V.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Dodds, Walter K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Hamilton, Stephen K.] Michigan State Univ, Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA.
[Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[McDowell, William H.; Potter, Jody D.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Valett, H. Maurice; Webster, Jackson R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Zeglin, Lydia] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Helton, AM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM amhelton@uga.edu
RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012; McDowell,
William/E-9767-2010; Hamilton, Stephen/N-2979-2014; Bernhardt,
Emily/D-9940-2011;
OI Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388; McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047;
Hamilton, Stephen/0000-0002-4702-9017; Bernhardt,
Emily/0000-0003-3031-621X; Poole, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8458-0203
FU NSF [DEB-0111410, DEB-0614301, OCE-9726921, DEB-0614282, DEB-0620919,
DEB-0423627]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; EPA
FX This research was supported by NSF (DEB-0111410). Additional support was
provided by NSF for BJP and SMT (DEB-0614301), for WMW (OCE-9726921 and
DEB-0614282), for WHM and JDP (DEB-0620919), for SKH (DEB-0423627), and
by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for AMH, GCP, ESB, and JAS, and
by an EPA Star Fellowship for AMH. EPA has not officially endorsed this
publication and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of
the EPA. We thank C Bennett for programming assistance and the Rosemond
Lab Group at the University of Georgia for helpful comments on earlier
versions of this manuscript.
NR 54
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 111
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 9
IS 4
BP 229
EP 238
DI 10.1890/080211
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 781JQ
UT WOS:000291927800018
ER
PT J
AU Engle, NL
AF Engle, Nathan L.
TI Adaptive capacity and its assessment
SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Vulnerability; Resilience; Adaptation; Sustainability science;
Measurement; Characterization; Governance and institutions
ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE
POLICY; HUMAN DIMENSIONS; ADAPTATION; VULNERABILITY; RESILIENCE;
GLOBALIZATION; VARIABILITY; PERSPECTIVE
AB This paper reviews the concept of adaptive capacity and various approaches to assessing it, particularly with respect to climate variability and change. I find that adaptive capacity is a relatively under-researched topic within the sustainability science and global change communities, particularly since it is uniquely positioned to improve linkages between vulnerability and resilience research. I identify opportunities for advancing the measurement and characterization of adaptive capacity by combining insights from both vulnerability and resilience frameworks, and I suggest several assessment approaches for possible future development that draw from both frameworks and focus on analyzing the governance, institutions, and management that have helped foster adaptive capacity in light of recent climatic events. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Engle, Nathan L.] Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Engle, Nathan L.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Engle, NL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM nengle@umich.edu
NR 96
TC 184
Z9 193
U1 13
U2 136
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-3780
J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG
JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 647
EP 656
DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.01.019
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography
GA 784SC
UT WOS:000292177500034
ER
PT J
AU Charbonneau, N
Vokkarane, VM
Guok, C
Monga, I
AF Charbonneau, Neal
Vokkarane, Vinod M.
Guok, Chin
Monga, Inder
TI Advance Reservation Frameworks in Hybrid IP-WDM Networks
SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
ID GMPLS
AB New e-Science and grid applications require the coordination of geographically distributed scientific instruments along with data and computing resources. Due to the quality of service requirements of these applications, these distributed resources can be connected by a wavelength-routed optical network, allowing each application to get dedicated bandwidth. These networks are referred to as LambdaGrids. One important service provided in these networks is advance reservation. Applications need to coordinate the use of both grid resources and the network. Advance reservation allows these applications to reserve bandwidth in advance to guarantee availability. In this article, we discuss different networks and frameworks that support advance reservation of bandwidth. We discuss the general architecture of each network and the type of advance reservation services supported.
C1 [Charbonneau, Neal; Vokkarane, Vinod M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
[Guok, Chin; Monga, Inder] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab ESnet, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Charbonneau, N (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
EM ncharbonneau@ieee.org; vvokkarane@ieee.org; chin@es.net; imonga@ES.NET
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0163-6804
J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG
JI IEEE Commun. Mag.
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 49
IS 5
BP 132
EP 139
DI 10.1109/MCOM.2011.5762809
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 762BJ
UT WOS:000290447000014
ER
PT J
AU Huber, P
Kopp, J
AF Huber, Patrick
Kopp, Joachim
TI two experiments for the price of one? The role of the second oscillation
maximum in long baseline neutrino experiments (vol 013, JHEP03, 2011)
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Huber, Patrick] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Kopp, Joachim] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
RP Huber, P (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Robeson Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM pahuber@vt.edu; jkopp@fnal.gov
RI Kopp, Joachim/B-5866-2013
NR 1
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1126-6708
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
IS 5
AR 024
DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2011)024
PG 1
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 774EM
UT WOS:000291364300024
ER
PT J
AU Ishikawa, T
Aoki, Y
Flynn, JM
Izubuchi, T
Loktik, O
AF Ishikawa, Tomomi
Aoki, Yasumichi
Flynn, Jonathan M.
Izubuchi, Taku
Loktik, Oleg
TI One-loop operator matching in the static heavy and domain-wall light
quark system with O(a) improvement
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lattice QCD; Heavy Quark Physics; B-Physics
ID IMPROVED LATTICE ACTION; YANG-MILLS THEORY; CHIRAL FERMIONS; 4-FERMION
OPERATORS; ANOMALOUS DIMENSION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; STRING TENSION;
GAUGE ACTIONS; FORM-FACTORS; WEAK DECAYS
AB We discuss perturbative O(g(2)a) matching with static heavy quarks and domain-wall light quarks for lattice operators relevant to B-meson decays and B-0-(B) over bar (0) mixing. The chiral symmetry of the light domain-wall quarks does not prohibit operator mixing at O(a) for these operators. The O(a) corrections to physical quantities are non-negligible and must be included to obtain high-precision simulation results for CKM physics. We provide results using plaquette, Symanzik, Iwasaki and DBW2 gluon actions and applying APE, HYP1 and HYP2 link-smearing for the static quark action.
C1 [Ishikawa, Tomomi] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Ishikawa, Tomomi; Aoki, Yasumichi; Izubuchi, Taku] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Flynn, Jonathan M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Izubuchi, Taku] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Loktik, Oleg] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Ishikawa, T (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM tomomi@phys.uconn.edu; yaoki@quark.phy.bnl.gov; j.m.flynn@soton.ac.uk;
izubuchi@quark.phy.bnl.gov; oleg.loktik@gmail.com
OI Flynn, Jonathan/0000-0002-6280-1677
FU JSPS Kakenhi [22540301, 21540289, 20105002, 20025010]; STFC
[ST/G000557/1]; US DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors would like to thank Sinya Aoki, Peter A. Boyle, Thomas T.
Dumitrescu, Norman H. Christ, Christopher T. Sachrajda, Amarjit Soni,
Ruth Van de Water, Jan Wennekers and Oliver Witzel for fruitful
discussion. We also thank Ruth Van de Water for carefully reading the
manuscript. Y.A. and T. Izubuchi are partially supported by JSPS Kakenhi
grant Nos. 22540301, 21540289, 20105002, 20025010. JMF acknowledges
support from STFC Grant ST/G000557/1. T. Izubuchi is partially supported
by the US DOE under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 64
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
IS 5
AR 040
DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2011)040
PG 79
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 774EM
UT WOS:000291364300040
ER
PT J
AU Khachatryan, V
Sirunyan, AM
Tumasyan, A
Adam, W
Bergauer, T
Dragicevic, M
Ero, J
Fabjan, C
Friedl, M
Fruhwirth, R
Ghete, VM
Hammer, J
Hansel, S
Hartl, C
Hoch, M
Hormann, N
Hrubec, J
Jeitler, M
Kasieczka, G
Kiesenhofer, W
Krammer, M
Liko, D
Mikulec, I
Pernicka, M
Rohringer, H
Schofbeck, R
Strauss, J
Taurok, A
Teischinger, F
Wagner, P
Waltenberger, W
Walzel, G
Widl, E
Wulz, CE
Mossolov, V
Shumeiko, N
Gonzalez, JS
Benucci, L
Cerny, K
De Wolf, EA
Janssen, X
Maes, T
Mucibello, L
Ochesanu, S
Roland, B
Rougny, R
Selvaggi, M
Van Haevermaet, H
Van Mechelen, P
Van Remortel, N
Adler, V
Beauceron, S
Blekman, F
Blyweert, S
D'Hondt, J
Devroede, O
Suarez, RG
Kalogeropoulos, A
Maes, J
Maes, M
Tavernier, S
Van Doninck, W
Van Mulders, P
Van Onsem, GP
Villella, I
Charaf, O
Clerbaux, B
De Lentdecker, G
Dero, V
Gay, APR
Hammad, GH
Hreus, T
Marage, PE
Thomas, L
Velde, CV
Vanlaer, P
Wickens, J
Costantini, S
Grunewald, M
Klein, B
Marinov, A
Mccartin, J
Ryckbosch, D
Thyssen, F
Tytgat, M
Vanelderen, L
Verwilligen, P
Walsh, S
Zaganidis, N
Basegmez, S
Bruno, G
Caudron, J
Ceard, L
De Jeneret, JD
Delaere, C
Demin, P
Favart, D
Giammanco, A
Gregoire, G
Hollar, J
Lemaitre, V
Liao, J
Militaru, O
Ovyn, S
Pagano, D
Pin, A
Piotrzkowski, K
Schul, N
Beliy, N
Caebergs, T
Daubie, E
Alves, GA
Damiao, DD
Pol, ME
Souza, MHG
Carvalho, W
Da Costa, EM
Martins, CD
De Souza, SF
Mundim, L
Nogima, H
Oguri, V
Da Silva, WLP
Santoro, A
Do Amaral, SMS
Sznajder, A
Dias, FA
Dias, MAF
Tomei, TRFP
Gregores, EM
Marinho, F
Novaes, SF
Padula, SS
Darmenov, N
Dimitrov, L
Genchev, V
Iaydjiev, P
Piperov, S
Rodozov, M
Stoykova, S
Sultanov, G
Tcholakov, V
Trayanov, R
Vankov, I
Dyulendarova, M
Hadjiiska, R
Kozhuharov, V
Litov, L
Marinova, E
Mateev, M
Pavlov, B
Petkov, P
Bian, JG
Chen, GM
Chen, HS
Jiang, CH
Liang, D
Liang, S
Wang, J
Wang, J
Wang, X
Wang, Z
Xu, M
Yang, M
Zang, J
Zhang, Z
Ban, Y
Guo, S
Guo, Y
Li, W
Mao, Y
Qian, SJ
Teng, H
Zhang, L
Zhu, B
Zou, W
Cabrera, A
Moreno, BG
Rios, AAO
Oliveros, AFO
Sanabria, JC
Godinovic, N
Lelas, D
Lelas, K
Plestina, R
Polic, D
Puljak, I
Antunovic, Z
Dzelalija, M
Brigljevic, V
Duric, S
Kadija, K
Morovic, S
Attikis, A
Galanti, M
Mousa, J
Nicolaou, C
Ptochos, F
Razis, PA
Rykaczewski, H
Assran, Y
Mahmoud, MA
Hektor, A
Kadastik, M
Kannike, K
Muntel, M
Raidal, M
Rebane, L
Azzolini, V
Eerola, P
Czellar, S
Harkonen, J
Heikkinen, A
Karimaki, V
Kinnunen, R
Klem, J
Kortelainen, MJ
Lampen, T
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CA CMS Collaboration
TI Measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at root s=0.9
and 7 TeV
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering
ID PION INTERFEROMETRY; ANNIHILATION; SPACE
AB Bose-Einstein correlations between identical particles are measured in samples of proton-proton collisions at 0.9 and 7 TeV centre-of-mass energies, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The signal is observed in the form of an enhancement of number of pairs of same-sign charged particles with small relative momentum. The dependence of this enhancement on kinematic and topological features of the event is studied. Anticorrelations between same-sign charged particles are observed in the region of relative momenta higher than those in the signal region.
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[Adler, V.; Beauceron, S.; Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Devroede, O.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Maes, J.; Maes, M.; Tavernier, S.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
[Charaf, O.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Dero, V.; Gay, A. P. R.; Hammad, G. H.; Hreus, T.; Marage, P. E.; Thomas, L.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wickens, J.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
[Costantini, S.; Grunewald, M.; Klein, B.; Marinov, A.; Mccartin, J.; Ryckbosch, D.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Vanelderen, L.; Verwilligen, P.; Walsh, S.; Zaganidis, N.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Basegmez, S.; Bruno, G.; Caudron, J.; Ceard, L.; De Jeneret, J. De Favereau; Delaere, C.; Demin, P.; Favart, D.; Giammanco, A.; Gregoire, G.; Hollar, J.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Ovyn, S.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Schul, N.] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
[Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
[Alves, G. A.; Damiao, D. De Jesus; Pol, M. E.; Souza, M. H. G.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
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[Dias, F. A.; Dias, M. A. F.; Perez Tomei, T. R. Fernandez; Gregores, E. M.; Marinho, F.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Darmenov, N.; Dimitrov, L.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Piperov, S.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Tcholakov, V.; Trayanov, R.; Vankov, I.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Dyulendarova, M.; Hadjiiska, R.; Kozhuharov, V.; Litov, L.; Marinova, E.; Mateev, M.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Jiang, C. H.; Liang, D.; Liang, S.; Wang, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Xu, M.; Yang, M.; Zang, J.; Zhang, Z.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
[Ban, Y.; Guo, S.; Guo, Y.; Li, W.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Teng, H.; Zhang, L.; Zhu, B.; Zou, W.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Tech, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Cabrera, A.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Ocampo Rios, A. A.; Osorio Oliveros, A. F.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.
[Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Lelas, K.; Plestina, R.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia.
[Antunovic, Z.; Dzelalija, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia.
[Brigljevic, V.; Duric, S.; Kadija, K.; Morovic, S.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia.
[Attikis, A.; Galanti, M.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.; Rykaczewski, H.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
[Assran, Y.; Mahmoud, M. A.] Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Cairo, Egypt.
[Hektor, A.; Kadastik, M.; Kannike, K.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia.
[Azzolini, V.; Eerola, P.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Czellar, S.; Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Klem, J.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Banzuzi, K.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland.
[Sillou, D.] CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, Annecy Le Vieux, France.
[Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Gentit, F. X.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Marionneau, M.; Millischer, L.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.; Verrecchia, P.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Thiebaux, C.; Wyslouch, B.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Besson, A.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Greder, S.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Mikami, Y.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS,IN2P3, Strasbourg, France.
[Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France.
[Baty, C.; Beaupere, N.; Bedjidian, M.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Boumediene, D.; Brun, H.; Chanon, N.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Falkiewicz, A.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Le Grand, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Xiao, H.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Rurua, L.] Acad Sci, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Lomidze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Anagnostou, G.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Mohr, N.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Weber, M.; Wittmer, B.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany.
[Ata, M.; Bender, W.; Erdmann, M.; Frangenheim, J.; Hebbeker, T.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoepfner, K.; Hof, C.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Magass, C.; Masetti, G.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany.
[Bontenackels, M.; Davids, M.; Duda, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Giffels, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Heydhausen, D.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Thomas, M.; Tornier, D.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany.
[Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Borras, K.; Cakir, A.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Glushkov, I.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katkov, I.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Mankel, R.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Olzem, J.; Parenti, A.; Raspereza, A.; Raval, A.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Volyanskyy, D.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany.
[Autermann, C.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Gebbert, U.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Schwandt, J.; Srivastava, A. K.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.; Wolf, R.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
[Barth, C.; Bauer, J.; Buege, V.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heindl, S. M.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Piparo, D.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Renz, M.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Zeise, M.; Zhukov, V.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.; Petrakou, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
[Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece.
[Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece.
[Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Debreczeni, G.; Hajdu, C.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Laszlo, A.; Sikler, F.; Vesztergombi, G.; Pasztor, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary.
[Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.; Veszpremi, V.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary.
[Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
[Bansal, S.; Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, R.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J. B.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
[Ahuja, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Gupta, P.; Jain, S.; Kumar, A.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
[Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kataria, S. K.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Aziz, T.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, D.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
[Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
[Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Studies Theoret Phys & Math IPM, Tehran, Iran.
[Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Dimitrov, A.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pierro, G. A.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Roselli, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Trentadue, R.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
Univ Bari, Bari, Italy.
Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy.
[Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Giunta, M.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
[Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
[Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy.
[Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Tricomi, A.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy.
[Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Genta, C.; Gonzi, S.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.; Lenzi, P.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy.
[Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Malberti, M.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli; Tancini, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Biccoca, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Malberti, M.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli; Tancini, V.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cimmino, A.; De Cosa, A.; De Gruttola, M.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Noli, P.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
[Cimmino, A.; De Cosa, A.; De Gruttola, M.; Merola, M.; Noli, P.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
[Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Conti, E.; De Mattia, M.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Gresele, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy.
[Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; De Mattia, M.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Giubilato, P.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy.
[Gresele, A.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy.
[Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Baesso, P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Santocchia, A.; Servoli, L.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Volpe, R.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
[Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Volpe, R.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
[Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Sarkar, S.; Segneri, G.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Bernardini, J.; Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Sarkar, S.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Diemoz, M.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Palma, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy.
[Colafranceschi, S.; Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Palma, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy.
[Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Marone, M.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Marone, M.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy.
[Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy.
[Ambroglini, F.; Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
[Ambroglini, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
[Heo, S. G.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea.
[Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Son, D.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea.
[Kim, Zero; Kim, J. Y.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea.
[Choi, S.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Rhee, H. B.; Seo, E.; Shin, S.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kim, H.; Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea.
[Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea.
[Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Martisiute, D.; Petrov, P.; Sabonis, T.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Castilla Valdez, H.; De La Cruz Burelo, E.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Sanchez Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico.
[Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
[Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
[Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
[Allfrey, P.; Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
[Ahmad, M.; Ahmed, I.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan.
[Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland.
[Bluj, M.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Almeida, N.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Martins, P.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Silva, P.; Varela, J.; Woehri, H. K.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal.
[Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.; Golutvin, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia.
[Bondar, N.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Andreev, Yu.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia.
[Epshteyn, V.; Gavrilov, V.; Kaftanov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia.
[Zhukov, V.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Obraztsov, S.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia.
[Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia.
[Azhgirey, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Slabospitsky, S.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
[Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
[Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia.
[Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cepeda, M.; Cerrada, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
[Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
[Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Ruiz Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain.
[Hammer, J.; Darmenov, N.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Hajdu, C.; Sharma, A.; Chiorboli, M.; Tropiano, A.; De Guio, F.; Ghezzi, A.; Perrozzi, L.; Volpe, R.; Boccali, T.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Botta, C.; Graziano, A.; Pelliccioni, M.; Pereira, A. Vilela; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bell, A. J.; Benedetti, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bolognesi, S.; Breuker, H.; Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cano, E.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Ramos, F. Duarte; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Gennai, S.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Gouzevitch, M.; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harvey, J.; Hegeman, J.; Hegner, B.; Henderson, C.; Hesketh, G.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Honma, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Lecoq, P.; Lourenco, C.; Macpherson, A.; Maeki, T.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Polese, G.; Racz, A.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Siegrist, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoeckli, F.; Stoye, M.; Tropea, P.; Tsirou, A.; Tsyganov, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Voutilainen, M.; Zeuner, W. D.; Sharma, V.; Hall-Wilton, R.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Starodumov, A.; Caminada, L.; Marchica, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
[Weber, M.; Bortignon, P.; Caminada, L.; Chen, Z.; Cittolin, S.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Herve, A.; Hintz, W.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marchica, C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Meridiani, P.; Milenovic, P.; Moortgat, F.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Punz, T.; Rizzi, A.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Stieger, B.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Regenfus, C.; Robmann, P.; Schmidt, A.; Snoek, H.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Chen, W. T.; Dutta, S.; Go, A.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, M. H.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Wu, J. H.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Guler, Y.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Nart, A.; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.; Zorbilmez, C.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey.
[Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
[Deliomeroglu, M.; Demir, D.; Gulmez, E.; Halu, A.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey.
[Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Ctr Nat Sci, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Hansen, M.; Bell, P.; Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Cheng, T. L.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Hartley, D.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Huckvale, B.; Jackson, J.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Ward, S.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Camanzi, B.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.; Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Ballin, J.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England.
[Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Teodorescu, L.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England.
[Hatakeyama, K.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
[Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Clough, A.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Bhattacharya, S.; Avetisyan, A.; Chou, J. P.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Borgia, M. A.; Breedon, R.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Cebra, D.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Friis, E.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Liu, H.; Maruyama, S.; Miceli, T.; Nikolic, M.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Salur, S.; Schwarz, T.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez; Veelken, C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Penzo, A.; Andreev, V.; Felcini, M.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Deisher, A.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Kao, S. C.; Liu, F.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Pasztor, G.; Satpathy, A.; Shen, B. C.; Stringer, R.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Dusinberre, E.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Mangano, B.; Muelmenstaedt, J.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Gataullin, M.; Kcira, D.; Litvine, V.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Terentyev, N.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Das, S.; Eggert, N.; Fields, L. J.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Kuznetsov, V.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Shi, X.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT USA.
[Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Borcherding, F.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Demarteau, M.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gunthoti, K.; Gutsche, O.; Hahn, A.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; James, E.; Jensen, H.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Khatiwada, R.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kousouris, K.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Limon, P.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; McCauley, T.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Popescu, S.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Saoulidou, N.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Soha, A.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Kim, B.; Klimenko, S.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Matchev, K.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Pakhotin, Y.; Prescott, C.; Remington, R.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Ceron, C.; Gaultney, V.; Kramer, L.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bandurin, D.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Quertenmont, L.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Guragain, S.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Ralich, R.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
[Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silvestre, C.; Smoron, A.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
[Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Cankocak, K.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Radicci, V.; Sanders, S.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.; Wan, Z.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Eno, S. C.; Ferencek, D.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Santanastasio, F.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yang, M.; Li, W.; Wyslouch, B.; Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Everaerts, P.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Harris, P.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Loizides, C.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Wenger, E. A.; Xie, S.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Cole, P.; Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Dudero, P. R.; Franzoni, G.; Haupt, J.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kelly, T.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Lundstedt, C.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Boeriu, O.; Chasco, M.; Reucroft, S.; Swain, J.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Schmitt, M.; Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA.
[Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Kolberg, T.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Warchol, J.; Wayne, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Gu, J.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hunt, A.; Jones, J.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; Everett, A.; Garfinkel, A. F.; Gecse, Z.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Liu, C.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Jindal, P.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA.
[Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Liu, J. H.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA.
[Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Flacher, H.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Orbaker, D.; Petrillo, G.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.; Yan, M.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Duggan, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Schnetzer, S.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA.
[Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Asaadi, J.; Eusebi, R.; Gilmore, J.; Gurrola, A.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Nguyen, C. N.; Osipenkov, I.; Pivarski, J.; Safonov, A.; Sengupta, S.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.; Weinberger, M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
[Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.; Yazgan, E.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA.
[Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Buehler, M.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Penzo, A.; Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Lamichhane, P.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA.
[Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Bellinger, J. N.; Carlsmith, D.; Dasu, S.; Efron, J.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Reeder, D.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.; Weinberg, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Gregores, E. M.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil.
[Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt.
[Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt.
[Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Karim, M.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France.
[Bergholz, M.; Lohmann, W.; Schmidt, R.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany.
[Krajczar, K.; Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary.
[Maity, M.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India.
[Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.
[Lacaprara, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy.
[Bell, A. J.] Univ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Rolandi, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy.
[Bakirci, M. N.; Topakli, H.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey.
[Cerci, S.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey.
[Sogut, K.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey.
[Demir, D.] Izmir Inst Technol, Izmir, Turkey.
[Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.] Kafkas Univ, Kars, Turkey.
[Ozkorucuklu, S.] Suleyman Demirel Univ, TR-32200 Isparta, Turkey.
[Sonmez, N.] Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey.
[Popescu, S.] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn IFIN HH, Bucharest, Romania.
[Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey.
RP Khachatryan, V (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia.
RI Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo,
Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011;
Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan,
Efe/C-4521-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Gerbaudo,
Davide/J-4536-2012; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae
Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012;
Ozdemir, Kadri/P-8058-2014; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin,
Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan,
Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013;
Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Hernandez Calama, Jose
Maria/H-9127-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; My,
Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ragazzi,
Stefano/D-2463-2009; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; Rovelli,
Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani,
Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Cakir,
Altan/P-1024-2015; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho,
Franciole/N-8101-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Russ,
James/P-3092-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Grandi,
Claudio/B-5654-2015; Ahmed, Ijaz/E-9144-2015; Lazzizzera,
Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro,
Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Trocsanyi,
Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Troitsky,
Sergey/C-1377-2014; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Oguri,
Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Codispoti,
Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada,
Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz,
Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa,
Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Amapane,
Nicola/J-3683-2012; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Petrushanko,
Sergey/D-6880-2012; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Kadastik,
Mario/B-7559-2008; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Santaolalla,
Javier/C-3094-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Rolandi, Luigi
(Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Ivanov,
Andrew/A-7982-2013; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Snigirev,
Alexander/D-8912-2012; Servoli, Leonello/E-6766-2012; Tomei,
Thiago/E-7091-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Padula, Sandra
/G-3560-2012; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012;
Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Giacomelli, Paolo/B-8076-2009; Jeitler,
Manfred/H-3106-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; de Jesus Damiao,
Dilson/G-6218-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Ganjour,
Serguei/D-8853-2011; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011;
Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Chen, Jie/H-6210-2011; Bolton,
Tim/A-7951-2012; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; Tinoco Mendes, Andre
David/D-4314-2011; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Kodolova,
Olga/D-7158-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Katkov, Igor/E-2627-2012;
Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012
OI Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731;
Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083;
Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301;
Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950;
Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Gerbaudo,
Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; TUVE',
Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce,
Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Ozdemir,
Kadri/0000-0002-0103-1488; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982;
Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X;
Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira,
Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Hernandez Calama, Jose
Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My,
Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668;
Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Muelmenstaedt,
Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842;
Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho,
Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ,
James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Grandi,
Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531;
Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro,
Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408;
Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki,
Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600;
Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada,
Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo
Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Amapane,
Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Rolandi,
Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643;
Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Servoli,
Leonello/0000-0003-1725-9185; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Novaes,
Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; de Jesus
Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Montanari,
Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506;
Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Wulz,
Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Krammer,
Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Tinoco Mendes, Andre
David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Katkov,
Igor/0000-0003-3064-0466;
FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES
(Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST
(China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF
(Cyprus); Academy of Sciences (Estonia); NICPB (Estonia); Academy of
Finland (Finland); ME (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3
(France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece);
OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran);
SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV
(Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR
(Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR
(Uzbekistan); MST (Russia); MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN
(Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC
(Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE
(USA); NSF (USA)
FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator
departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank
the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes,
and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium);
CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS,
MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF
(Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland,
ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF
(Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India);
IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); LAS (Lithuania);
CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR
(Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTDS (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN
(Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and
TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 40
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2011
IS 5
AR 029
DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2011)029
PG 29
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA 774EM
UT WOS:000291364300029
ER
PT J
AU Khachatryan, V
Sirunyan, AM
Tumasyan, A
Adam, W
Bergauer, T
Dragicevic, M
Ero, J
Fabjan, C
Friedl, M
Fruhwirth, R
Ghete, VM
Hammer, J
Hansel, S
Hartl, C
Hoch, M
Hormann, N
Hrubec, J
Jeitler, M
Kasieczka, G
Kiesenhofer, W
Krammer, M
Liko, D
Mikulec, I
Pernicka, M
Rohringer, H
Schofbeck, R
Strauss, J
Taurok, A
Teischinger, F
Wagner, P
Wal-Tenberger, W
Walzel, G
Widl, E
Wulz, CE
Mossolov, V
Shumeiko, N
Gonzalez, JS
Benucci, L
Cerny, K
De Wolf, EA
Janssen, X
Maes, T
Mucibello, L
Ochesanu, S
Roland, B
Rougny, R
Selvaggi, M
Van Haevermaet, H
Van Mechelen, P
Van Remortel, N
Beauceron, S
Blekman, F
Blyweert, S
D'Hondt, J
Devroede, O
Suarez, RG
Kalogeropoulos, A
Maes, J
Maes, M
Tavernier, S
Van Doninck, W
Van Mulders, P
Van Onsem, GP
Villella, I
Charaf, O
Clerbaux, B
De Lentdecker, G
Dero, V
Gay, APR
Hammad, GH
Hreus, T
Marage, PE
Thomas, L
Velde, CV
Vanlaer, P
Wickens, J
Adler, V
Costantini, S
Grunewald, M
Klein, B
Marinov, A
Mccartin, J
Ryckbosch, D
Thyssen, F
Tytgat, M
Vanelderen, L
Verwilligen, P
Walsh, S
Zaganidis, N
Basegmez, S
Bruno, G
Caudron, J
Ceard, L
De Jeneret, JD
Delaere, C
Demin, P
Favart, D
Giammanco, A
Gregoire, G
Hollar, J
Lemaitre, V
Liao, J
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Ovyn, S
Pagano, D
Pin, A
Piotrzkowski, K
Schul, N
Beliy, N
Caebergs, T
Daubie, E
Alves, GA
Damiao, DD
Pol, ME
Souza, MHG
Carvalho, W
Da Costa, EM
Martins, CD
De Souza, SF
Mundim, L
Nogima, H
Oguri, V
Da Silva, WLP
Santoro, A
Do Amaral, SM
Sznajder, A
De Araujo, FTD
Dias, FA
Dias, MAF
Tomei, TRFP
Gregores, EM
Marinho, F
Novaes, SF
Padula, SS
Darmenov, N
Dimitrov, L
Genchev, V
Iaydjiev, P
Piperov, S
Rodozov, M
Stoykova, S
Sultanov, G
Tcholakov, V
Trayanov, R
Vankov, I
Dyulendarova, M
Hadjiiska, R
Kozhuharov, V
Litov, L
Marinova, E
Mateev, M
Pavlov, B
Petkov, P
Bian, JG
Chen, GM
Chen, HS
Jiang, CH
Liang, D
Liang, S
Wang, J
Wang, J
Wang, X
Wang, Z
Xu, M
Yang, M
Zang, J
Zhang, Z
Ban, Y
Guo, S
Guo, Y
Li, W
Mao, Y
Qian, SJ
Teng, H
Zhang, L
Zhu, B
Zou, W
Cabrera, A
Moreno, BG
Rios, AAO
Oliveros, AFO
Sanabria, JC
Godinovic, N
Lelas, D
Lelas, K
Plestina, R
Polic, D
Puljak, I
Antunovic, Z
Dzelalija, M
Brigljevic, V
Duric, S
Kadija, K
Morovic, S
Attikis, A
Galanti, M
Mousa, J
Nicolaou, C
Ptochos, F
Razis, PA
Rykaczewski, H
Finger, M
Finger, M
Assran, Y
Mahmoud, MA
Hektor, A
Kadastik, M
Kannike, K
Muntel, M
Raidal, M
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Azzolini, V
Eerola, P
Czellar, S
Harkonen, J
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Karimaki, V
Kinnunen, R
Klem, J
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Lampen, T
Lassila-Perini, K
Lehti, S
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Luukka, P
Maenpaa, T
Tuominen, E
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Tuovinen, E
Ungaro, D
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Korpela, A
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de Monchenault, GH
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Malcles, J
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Rander, J
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Dahms, T
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de Cassagnac, RG
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Wittmer, B
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Lanske, D
Magass, C
Masetti, G
Merschmeyer, M
Meyer, A
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Pieta, H
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Schmitz, SA
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Steggemann, J
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Kress, T
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Giacomelli, P
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Grandi, C
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CA CMS Collaboration
TI Strange particle production in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering
ID PBARP INTERACTIONS; HYPERON PRODUCTION; KAON PRODUCTION; CM ENERGIES;
DIFFRACTION
AB The spectra of strange hadrons are measured in proton-proton collisions, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9 and 7TeV. The K-S(0), A, and Xi(-) particles and their antiparticles are reconstructed from their decay topologies and the production rates are measured as functions of rapidity and transverse momentum, p(T). The results are compared to other experiments and to predictions of the PYTHIA Monte Carlo program. The p(T) distributions are found to differ substantially from the PYTHIA results and the production rates exceed the predictions by up to a factor of three.
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[Bansal, S.; Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J. B.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
[Ahuja, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Gupta, P.; Jain, S.; Jain, S.; Kumar, A.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
[Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kataria, S. K.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Aziz, T.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, D.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
[Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
[Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res & Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran.
[Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Dimitrov, A.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pierro, G. A.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Roselli, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Trentadue, R.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Roselli, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy.
[Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy.
[Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Giunta, M.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
[Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
[Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy.
[Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Tricomi, A.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy.
[Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
[Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.; Lenzi, P.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy.
[Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Malberti, M.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli; Tancini, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Biccoca, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Malberti, M.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli; Tancini, V.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cimmino, A.; De Cosa, A.; De Gruttola, M.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Noli, P.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
[Cimmino, A.; De Cosa, A.; De Gruttola, M.; Merola, M.; Noli, P.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
[Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Biasotto, M.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Conti, E.; De Mattia, M.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Giubilato, P.; Gresele, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy.
[Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; De Mattia, M.; Gasparini, F.; Giubilato, P.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy.
[Gresele, A.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trent, Padua, Italy.
[Berzano, U.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Santocchia, A.; Servoli, L.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Volpe, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
[Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Volpe, R.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
[Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Sarkar, S.; Segneri, G.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Bernardini, J.; Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Sarkar, S.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
[Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Diemoz, M.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Palma, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy.
[Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Di Marco, E.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Palma, A.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
[Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Marone, M.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Marone, M.; Migliore, E.; Mila, G.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Pelliccioni, M.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Trocino, D.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy.
[Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy.
[Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
[Della Ricca, G.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
[Heo, S. G.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea.
[Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Son, D.; Son, D. C.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea.
[Kim, Zero; Kim, J. Y.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Ins